id int64 1 141k | title stringlengths 15 150 | body stringlengths 45 28.5k | tags stringlengths 1 102 | label int64 1 1 | text stringlengths 128 28.6k | source stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,543 | Reasons for differences in U.S. laws and equivalents in a foreign country? | <p>From time to time, there will be a difference between a U.S. law and its equivalent in a foreign country. The one that I find most striking is the one regarding liability if a taxi driver causes an accident in Turkey, versus the United States. Perhaps the difference in results is due to a difference in legal theorie... | law | 1 | Reasons for differences in U.S. laws and equivalents in a foreign country? -- (law)
<p>From time to time, there will be a difference between a U.S. law and its equivalent in a foreign country. The one that I find most striking is the one regarding liability if a taxi driver causes an accident in Turkey, versus the Unit... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,561 | What do "adhering" and "aid and comfort" mean in the context of the United States treason? | <p>Article Three of the United States Constitution, section 3, defines treason and places restrictions on its punishment:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War
 against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and
 Comfort. No Per... | united states | 1 | What do "adhering" and "aid and comfort" mean in the context of the United States treason? -- (united states)
<p>Article Three of the United States Constitution, section 3, defines treason and places restrictions on its punishment:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Treason against the United States, shall consist only... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,567 | Why do some parliamentary systems have two head of states? | <p>Consider the example of Russia having a President and a Prime Minister. What is the purpose of having two "potential" head-of-states? Constitutional monarchies have essentially powerless royalty but a strong PM (like Great Britain, Japan and Spain). </p>

<p>As I understand the Russian model, both have po... | president parliament | 1 | Why do some parliamentary systems have two head of states? -- (president parliament)
<p>Consider the example of Russia having a President and a Prime Minister. What is the purpose of having two "potential" head-of-states? Constitutional monarchies have essentially powerless royalty but a strong PM (like Great Britai... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,571 | What triggered the war in Iraq? | <p>This is an issue that I've never understood going back to the early 2000s. </p>

<p>The build-up to the war in Iraq was something that snuck up on me. All of a sudden there was talk about a potential war in Iraq, and that we were going to demand a regime change. </p>

<p>I understood the operations ... | united states war iraq | 1 | What triggered the war in Iraq? -- (united states war iraq)
<p>This is an issue that I've never understood going back to the early 2000s. </p>

<p>The build-up to the war in Iraq was something that snuck up on me. All of a sudden there was talk about a potential war in Iraq, and that we were going to demand a r... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,583 | Is there a direct connection between democracy and disobligation of voting? | <p>I am from Brazil. I hear very often that we have a democracy but we're obligated to vote anyway. Are those things connected? Is it true that democracy implies that the citizens are not obligated to vote? I've read a little about it but I've never found such implication. References are welcome. Thanks.</p>
 | democracy voting | 1 | Is there a direct connection between democracy and disobligation of voting? -- (democracy voting)
<p>I am from Brazil. I hear very often that we have a democracy but we're obligated to vote anyway. Are those things connected? Is it true that democracy implies that the citizens are not obligated to vote? I've read a lit... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,585 | How is an employed person defined for OECD countries? | <p>Employment rates are usually a measure of employed persons divided by the working age population. The working age population seems like a simple definition which is hard to misinterpret. However, what about what about the numerator (those employed)? </p>

<p>Do people disabled during work count as employed... | employment oecd statistics | 1 | How is an employed person defined for OECD countries? -- (employment oecd statistics)
<p>Employment rates are usually a measure of employed persons divided by the working age population. The working age population seems like a simple definition which is hard to misinterpret. However, what about what about the numerato... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,595 | Is democracy a hegemony? | <p>I am not from a liberal arts (I have an engineering major) background and hence this question might seem so trivial to experts in this field.</p>

<p>What I understand by hegemony is that it is a kind of invisible political power over the people about which the people may or may not be conscious. Democracy a... | democracy government political theory | 1 | Is democracy a hegemony? -- (democracy government political theory)
<p>I am not from a liberal arts (I have an engineering major) background and hence this question might seem so trivial to experts in this field.</p>

<p>What I understand by hegemony is that it is a kind of invisible political power over the pe... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,604 | Petition the President to pardon Snowden? | <p>Would a petition to the President to pardon Snowden be popular? What kind of political group believes Snowden should absolutely be punished?</p>
 | government pardon petition | 1 | Petition the President to pardon Snowden? -- (government pardon petition)
<p>Would a petition to the President to pardon Snowden be popular? What kind of political group believes Snowden should absolutely be punished?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,613 | When and how did the term "liberal" acquire a leftist/socialist meaning in the US? | <p>Some comments on <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/1041/has-there-been-a-sustained-period-of-conservativism-in-the-us#comment7881_1041">another question</a> show confusion over the definition of “liberal”:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>@Eva, still going to have the same problems.... | united states terminology liberalism | 1 | When and how did the term "liberal" acquire a leftist/socialist meaning in the US? -- (united states terminology liberalism)
<p>Some comments on <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/1041/has-there-been-a-sustained-period-of-conservativism-in-the-us#comment7881_1041">another question</a> show confusion ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,618 | Why does the UK have a Queen instead of a King? | <ul>
<li>Why is that?</li>
<li>Is it because this way you know that the blood line would be still
okay or any other logical reason except for tradition?</li>
</ul>
 | united kingdom constitutional monarchy | 1 | Why does the UK have a Queen instead of a King? -- (united kingdom constitutional monarchy)
<ul>
<li>Why is that?</li>
<li>Is it because this way you know that the blood line would be still
okay or any other logical reason except for tradition?</li>
</ul>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,622 | What laws cover the transit areas of international airports? | <p>As of the writing of this question (6/25/13), Edward Snowden is presumed to be at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domodedovo_International_Airport" rel="nofollow">SVO</a> (a fate, incidentally, that may be worse than actual imprisonment), but there is a disconnect between Vladimir Putin and Barack Obama about ... | international law | 1 | What laws cover the transit areas of international airports? -- (international law)
<p>As of the writing of this question (6/25/13), Edward Snowden is presumed to be at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domodedovo_International_Airport" rel="nofollow">SVO</a> (a fate, incidentally, that may be worse than actual imp... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,628 | What is considered due process of law in the 5th amendment in the US Constitution? | <p>I was reading about the SCOTUS decision on DOMA, and it said that they invoked the 5th amendment, which states: nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. </p>

<p>I would have thought that since DOMA was a law, it underwent due process. How can SCOTUS declare any law uncons... | united states constitution supreme court bill of rights | 1 | What is considered due process of law in the 5th amendment in the US Constitution? -- (united states constitution supreme court bill of rights)
<p>I was reading about the SCOTUS decision on DOMA, and it said that they invoked the 5th amendment, which states: nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due pr... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,636 | Why can public employees unionize? | <p>I once asked a teacher (NY city public school) whether teacher unions were a good idea. He said: "they are bad for you and good for me".</p>

<p>A trade union increases the power of the employees by allowing them to bargain collectively with the employer: when the employer has too much power (e.g., the only ... | united states law labor polling labor union | 1 | Why can public employees unionize? -- (united states law labor polling labor union)
<p>I once asked a teacher (NY city public school) whether teacher unions were a good idea. He said: "they are bad for you and good for me".</p>

<p>A trade union increases the power of the employees by allowing them to bargain c... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,646 | Did 'State' mean the same thing as today's 'country' during the time of the foundation of the USA? | <p>It has been said that during the 18th century, the term <em>State</em> meant what we now refer to as countries. In other words, modern developments notwithstanding, did each US State start out as countries, and are they still technically countries today according to the visions of the founding fathers and the US Con... | united states constitution federalism history languages | 1 | Did 'State' mean the same thing as today's 'country' during the time of the foundation of the USA? -- (united states constitution federalism history languages)
<p>It has been said that during the 18th century, the term <em>State</em> meant what we now refer to as countries. In other words, modern developments notwithst... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,649 | What Divided Political Sphere means | <p>Can anyone describe what "Divided Political Sphere" means?</p>
 | terminology political system | 1 | What Divided Political Sphere means -- (terminology political system)
<p>Can anyone describe what "Divided Political Sphere" means?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,656 | Why is Turkmenistan considered one of the most repressive regimes in the world? | <p>There was <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2351922/Jennifer-Lopez-forced-apologize-concert-Turkmenistan-singing-happy-birthday-countrys-president-accused-arresting-torturing-political-dissidents.html#ixzz2Xo4XZpwA" rel="nofollow noreferrer">an article in The Daily Mail</a> that claimed this. The grou... | human rights | 1 | Why is Turkmenistan considered one of the most repressive regimes in the world? -- (human rights)
<p>There was <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2351922/Jennifer-Lopez-forced-apologize-concert-Turkmenistan-singing-happy-birthday-countrys-president-accused-arresting-torturing-political-dissidents.html#ixz... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,663 | How can we define which EU countries are giving more power to regions? Which patterns are used to evaluate it? | <p>It is common in Spain to say that the Autonomous communities have the highest level of autonomy among the European Union: they have a lot of power in the areas of taxes, laws, etc.</p>

<p>I also heard about the Länder in German being very autonomous.</p>

<p>Having said that, how can such affirmatio... | government european union power | 1 | How can we define which EU countries are giving more power to regions? Which patterns are used to evaluate it? -- (government european union power)
<p>It is common in Spain to say that the Autonomous communities have the highest level of autonomy among the European Union: they have a lot of power in the areas of taxes,... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,664 | When can the US Executive Branch not enforce an existing law? | <p>Two recent examples come to mind:</p>

<ol>
<li>Not enforcing the company mandate of the Affordable Care Act (a.k.a. Obamacare)</li>
<li>Not enforcing existing immigration laws</li>
</ol>

<p>I'm sure there are other examples from history (and would be interested to hear them), but what l... | united states executive | 1 | When can the US Executive Branch not enforce an existing law? -- (united states executive)
<p>Two recent examples come to mind:</p>

<ol>
<li>Not enforcing the company mandate of the Affordable Care Act (a.k.a. Obamacare)</li>
<li>Not enforcing existing immigration laws</li>
</ol>

<p>I'm su... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,675 | Why is the cost of food stamps 10 times higher than in 1938 in real dollars? | <p>This <a href="http://billmoyers.com/2013/06/28/why-is-snap-part-of-the-farm-bill/" rel="nofollow">article talked</a> about the historic reasons why the food stamp program is part of the Farm Bill. It had an interesting statistic within it:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>FDR also supported creation of the first F... | united states statistics | 1 | Why is the cost of food stamps 10 times higher than in 1938 in real dollars? -- (united states statistics)
<p>This <a href="http://billmoyers.com/2013/06/28/why-is-snap-part-of-the-farm-bill/" rel="nofollow">article talked</a> about the historic reasons why the food stamp program is part of the Farm Bill. It had an int... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,684 | Do any of the judges in USA (any jurisdiction) have to run for re-election? | <p>Some of the judges in USA are elected positions.</p>

<p>In those cases, there are 4 options:</p>

<ol>
<li>Position is elected for life</li>
<li>Position is elected for a term and the person can't run again</li>
<li>Position is elected for a term, and at the end of the term the judge has... | united states election judiciary | 1 | Do any of the judges in USA (any jurisdiction) have to run for re-election? -- (united states election judiciary)
<p>Some of the judges in USA are elected positions.</p>

<p>In those cases, there are 4 options:</p>

<ol>
<li>Position is elected for life</li>
<li>Position is elected for a term an... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,688 | Why are partisan groups in Afghanistan called terrorists? | <p>In the WWII the same people who were hiding in the mountains of Yugoslavia, Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine etc. were called terrorists by Nazis too. Today they are known as partisans and are respected in these countries.</p>

<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partisan_(military)">http://en.wikipedia.org/w... | terrorism military propaganda | 1 | Why are partisan groups in Afghanistan called terrorists? -- (terrorism military propaganda)
<p>In the WWII the same people who were hiding in the mountains of Yugoslavia, Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine etc. were called terrorists by Nazis too. Today they are known as partisans and are respected in these countries.</p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,696 | In what way do revolving-doors result in conflicts of interest? | <p>If a CEO of a major investment banking firm becomes Treasury Secretary or if a lobbyist for said company becomes Chief of Staff of the Treasury Secretary, in what way can this result in conflicts of interest? It clearly seems wrong, but I have no idea what exactly can go wrong. Any concrete examples and explanation ... | united states corruption lobbying | 1 | In what way do revolving-doors result in conflicts of interest? -- (united states corruption lobbying)
<p>If a CEO of a major investment banking firm becomes Treasury Secretary or if a lobbyist for said company becomes Chief of Staff of the Treasury Secretary, in what way can this result in conflicts of interest? It cl... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,698 | Did the British government call American revolutionaries terrorists? | <ul>
<li><p>Did the British government <strong>officially call</strong> American revolutionaries "terrorists" or any acts of theirs "terrorism"?</p></li>
<li><p>If they did, was it justified under <strong>modern</strong> common-denominator definition of terrorism (namely, intentional attacks on civilians, with ... | united states united kingdom terrorism history | 1 | Did the British government call American revolutionaries terrorists? -- (united states united kingdom terrorism history)
<ul>
<li><p>Did the British government <strong>officially call</strong> American revolutionaries "terrorists" or any acts of theirs "terrorism"?</p></li>
<li><p>If they did, was it justified ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,706 | Lying, Free Speech, and Original Meaning | <p>Would an original meaning analysis, defined as "What would a reasonable person living at the time of ratification have understood these words to mean?", of the free speech clause of the US constitution conclude that knowingly, willfully, deliberately AND demonstrably lying about an elected Official (i.e., claiming "... | constitution | 1 | Lying, Free Speech, and Original Meaning -- (constitution)
<p>Would an original meaning analysis, defined as "What would a reasonable person living at the time of ratification have understood these words to mean?", of the free speech clause of the US constitution conclude that knowingly, willfully, deliberately AND dem... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,728 | How to determine if an acquittal should not have happened? | <p>A lot of people are saying that George Zimmerman should not have been acquitted over charges relating to his shooting of Trayvon Martin.</p>

<p>As far as I'm aware, people are arguing that Zimmerman was guilty of the charges against him, and if the verdict wasn't guilty, then it must be because the trial sy... | united states justice | 1 | How to determine if an acquittal should not have happened? -- (united states justice)
<p>A lot of people are saying that George Zimmerman should not have been acquitted over charges relating to his shooting of Trayvon Martin.</p>

<p>As far as I'm aware, people are arguing that Zimmerman was guilty of the charg... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,729 | Is a jury entitled to find a defendant not guilty because the prosecution manufactured evidence? | <p>If a jury decides that the prosecution has manufactured evidence against a defendant, are they entitled to find a defendant not guilty, even if they think that the defendant committed the crime they were accused of?</p>

<p>If they did decide to do that, would that be considered a case of jury nullification?... | united states justice | 1 | Is a jury entitled to find a defendant not guilty because the prosecution manufactured evidence? -- (united states justice)
<p>If a jury decides that the prosecution has manufactured evidence against a defendant, are they entitled to find a defendant not guilty, even if they think that the defendant committed the crime... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,739 | Is support for nuclear energy correlated with other political positions? | <p>I was recently told by a right-wing Japanese person that in Japan, right-wingers are more likely to support nuclear energy than left-wingers.</p>

<p>It's previously appeared to me that in the USA and Australia, support for nuclear energy is stronger in right-wingers than in left-wingers.</p>

<p>How... | science political spectrum nuclear energy | 1 | Is support for nuclear energy correlated with other political positions? -- (science political spectrum nuclear energy)
<p>I was recently told by a right-wing Japanese person that in Japan, right-wingers are more likely to support nuclear energy than left-wingers.</p>

<p>It's previously appeared to me that in ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,743 | Have Democrats gotten more liberal? | <p>I'm a bit surprised by this <a href="http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2013/07/vital-statistics-congress-political-polarization-voting-alignments-mann-ornstein" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Brookings Institute report on polarity</a> showing Democrats becoming more liberal, though at one fourth the rate at which... | united states ideology democratic party liberalism | 1 | Have Democrats gotten more liberal? -- (united states ideology democratic party liberalism)
<p>I'm a bit surprised by this <a href="http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2013/07/vital-statistics-congress-political-polarization-voting-alignments-mann-ornstein" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Brookings Institute report on ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,756 | The "Basic Structure" of the Constitution of India and the other constitutions | <p>Indian Constitution has something called 'basic structure', defined by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_structure_doctrine" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><strong>Basic Structure Doctrine</strong></a>. This doctrine is based on, and evolved from, the Supreme Court of India's decision in the most celebrated cas... | constitution india judiciary | 1 | The "Basic Structure" of the Constitution of India and the other constitutions -- (constitution india judiciary)
<p>Indian Constitution has something called 'basic structure', defined by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_structure_doctrine" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><strong>Basic Structure Doctrine</strong></... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,763 | What are the reasons behind a strong anti India sentiment in Bangladesh? | <p>We all know that Bangladesh got independence from Pakistan because of India. So generally one can assume that relationship between India and Bangladesh is friendly. But the reality is different. There are constant clashes between Indian border security force and Bangladesh army on the border. From what I see on the ... | international relations india bangladesh | 1 | What are the reasons behind a strong anti India sentiment in Bangladesh? -- (international relations india bangladesh)
<p>We all know that Bangladesh got independence from Pakistan because of India. So generally one can assume that relationship between India and Bangladesh is friendly. But the reality is different. The... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,767 | What exactly constitutes a "Weapon of Mass Destruction?" | <p>There was a huge controversy because we didn't find stockpiles of chemical weapons after saying there were WMDs. Now we have charged in court people who use an IED at a marathon with using weapons of mass destruction.</p>

<p>This seems like a change in terminology. So, according to international norms, is... | nuclear weapons terminology chemical weapons biological weapons | 1 | What exactly constitutes a "Weapon of Mass Destruction?" -- (nuclear weapons terminology chemical weapons biological weapons)
<p>There was a huge controversy because we didn't find stockpiles of chemical weapons after saying there were WMDs. Now we have charged in court people who use an IED at a marathon with using w... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,775 | What was the first law that was passed after the formation and acceptance of the Constitution in the United States? | <p>The Constitution of the United States set forth the procedure whereby laws could be enacted. After the Constitution was accepted by the various states and the proper statesmen were elected, what was the first law they enacted?</p>
 | united states history | 1 | What was the first law that was passed after the formation and acceptance of the Constitution in the United States? -- (united states history)
<p>The Constitution of the United States set forth the procedure whereby laws could be enacted. After the Constitution was accepted by the various states and the proper statesme... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,778 | What is a law that isn't in a Constitution called? | <p>I understand that the Constitution is the highest law of the land and is set apart from other laws that are made. So when the legislature creates a new law that doesn't modify or amend the Constitution, what <em>does</em> it modify or amend?</p>

<p>Is the rest of all law just lumped together into one catego... | united states constitution | 1 | What is a law that isn't in a Constitution called? -- (united states constitution)
<p>I understand that the Constitution is the highest law of the land and is set apart from other laws that are made. So when the legislature creates a new law that doesn't modify or amend the Constitution, what <em>does</em> it modify or... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,784 | Why does USAF buy F-35? | <p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II">F-35</a> program is justified on two grounds: </p>

<ol>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor">F-22</a> is too expensive (similar to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_F... | united states budget military | 1 | Why does USAF buy F-35? -- (united states budget military)
<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II">F-35</a> program is justified on two grounds: </p>

<ol>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor">F-22</a> is too expensive (similar to <a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,789 | What other types of votes are there than roll call votes? | <p>I know that roll call votes record the names of the voting politicians, and it ensures that they are present during the vote.</p>

<p>Are all votes done not recorded to the name of the voting politician? This seems strange. If that is the case, why do they allow anonymous voting in government?</p>

... | voting systems transparency | 1 | What other types of votes are there than roll call votes? -- (voting systems transparency)
<p>I know that roll call votes record the names of the voting politicians, and it ensures that they are present during the vote.</p>

<p>Are all votes done not recorded to the name of the voting politician? This seems st... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,797 | Is it illegal for a President or the Executive Branch to increase Congressional pay/benefits? | <p>In a recent <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324635904578644202946287548.html" rel="noreferrer">Wall Street Journal</a> article:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The Affordable Care Act requires Members of Congress and their staffs to participate in its insurance exchanges, in order to gain first-ha... | united states president | 1 | Is it illegal for a President or the Executive Branch to increase Congressional pay/benefits? -- (united states president)
<p>In a recent <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324635904578644202946287548.html" rel="noreferrer">Wall Street Journal</a> article:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The Affordable ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,806 | Which country had the first constitution adopted by referendum? | <p>Which country was the first to adopt a codified constitution by a reasonably democratic public referendum?</p>

<p>I'm including in this non-binding referendums, such as those held in the Australian colonies during 1898 and 1899.</p>
 | constitution voting history referendum | 1 | Which country had the first constitution adopted by referendum? -- (constitution voting history referendum)
<p>Which country was the first to adopt a codified constitution by a reasonably democratic public referendum?</p>

<p>I'm including in this non-binding referendums, such as those held in the Australian co... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,811 | Are there protections in place for NSA whistleblowers, and have they ever been used to protect anyone? | <p>At a <a href="http://whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/09/remarks-president-press-conference" rel="nofollow">press conference, President Obama</a> said:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>So the fact is, is that Mr. Snowden has been charged with three felonies. If, in fact, he believes that what he did was rig... | united states executive order whistleblowers nsa | 1 | Are there protections in place for NSA whistleblowers, and have they ever been used to protect anyone? -- (united states executive order whistleblowers nsa)
<p>At a <a href="http://whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/09/remarks-president-press-conference" rel="nofollow">press conference, President Obama</a> said:</... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,816 | Is there any evidence that giving cash to poor people is "better" than giving in-kind goods? | <p>There is this idea in some circles that you shouldn't give cash to poor people. Poor people, the reasoning goes, don't always know how to spend money. They may disipate it, wasting it, and then still need money for essentials.</p>

<p>Indeed, this is the reasoning behind many food aid schemes throughout the... | poverty | 1 | Is there any evidence that giving cash to poor people is "better" than giving in-kind goods? -- (poverty)
<p>There is this idea in some circles that you shouldn't give cash to poor people. Poor people, the reasoning goes, don't always know how to spend money. They may disipate it, wasting it, and then still need money... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,819 | Why don't Native Americans have representation in Congress? | <p>While Native Americans are counted for purposes of population in the House of Representatives, the case could be made that as sovereign nations, various Indian tribes should have rights to specific representation in the Senate.</p>

<p>Why was this never the case?</p>
 | united states indigenous people | 1 | Why don't Native Americans have representation in Congress? -- (united states indigenous people)
<p>While Native Americans are counted for purposes of population in the House of Representatives, the case could be made that as sovereign nations, various Indian tribes should have rights to specific representation in the ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,821 | Is religious discrimination legal in public in the USA? | <p>It has happened in Houston in front of a shopping center:</p>

<p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/PTFQn.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p>

<p>I had heard something similar about some shops and stores using similar signs and hate speeches in the 70s and before it in New York City and o... | united states law religion | 1 | Is religious discrimination legal in public in the USA? -- (united states law religion)
<p>It has happened in Houston in front of a shopping center:</p>

<p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/PTFQn.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p>

<p>I had heard something similar about some shops and stor... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,831 | Would privatizing Social Security "solve" Occupy Wall Street? | <p>The Democrats <a href="http://www.ontheissues.org/celeb/Democratic_Party_Social_Security.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">oppose privatizing Social Security</a> because it wouldn't be fair to those who have already given money into the system. </p>

<p>The Occupy Wall Street movement was founded on the rich ha... | united states taxes social security privatization | 1 | Would privatizing Social Security "solve" Occupy Wall Street? -- (united states taxes social security privatization)
<p>The Democrats <a href="http://www.ontheissues.org/celeb/Democratic_Party_Social_Security.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">oppose privatizing Social Security</a> because it wouldn't be fair to those who ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,836 | Why is favoring male over female children "acceptable" in some countries and not others? | <p>In countries like China and India, parents indicate their preference for male over female children by selective abortions (allowed by pre-natal screening), which abort a disproportionate number of female fetuses.</p>

<p>Parents or other adults may feel that way in any country. But in nations like the United... | gender | 1 | Why is favoring male over female children "acceptable" in some countries and not others? -- (gender)
<p>In countries like China and India, parents indicate their preference for male over female children by selective abortions (allowed by pre-natal screening), which abort a disproportionate number of female fetuses.</p>... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,838 | Why does Israel build settlements in Palestine? | <p>I understand that one of the major issues between Israel and Palestine are Israeli settlements in Palestinian land. Israel keeps building these settlements, despite what I understand to be the international consensus that doing so is illegal. I would also expect that this puts the settlers in greater danger (though ... | israel palestine | 1 | Why does Israel build settlements in Palestine? -- (israel palestine)
<p>I understand that one of the major issues between Israel and Palestine are Israeli settlements in Palestinian land. Israel keeps building these settlements, despite what I understand to be the international consensus that doing so is illegal. I wo... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,841 | Why did New Zealand adopt Māori electorates? | <p>Why did New Zealand adopt Māori electorates? The account of the debate on the encyclopaedia is lacking. What caused New Zealand to adopt Māori electorates, where other settler societies did not adopt indigenous specific electorates?</p>
 | election new zealand | 1 | Why did New Zealand adopt Māori electorates? -- (election new zealand)
<p>Why did New Zealand adopt Māori electorates? The account of the debate on the encyclopaedia is lacking. What caused New Zealand to adopt Māori electorates, where other settler societies did not adopt indigenous specific electorates?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,844 | In Australian Senate elections, why isn't the quota recalculated based on exhausted votes after each count? | <p>In Australian Senate elections, why isn't the quota recalculated based on exhausted votes after each count?</p>

<p>In order to make sure the 2010 election was what I remembered it, I reviewed the AEC full distribution count for NSW Senate seats[1]. I noticed that between counts the </p>

<p>quota =... | election voting systems australia | 1 | In Australian Senate elections, why isn't the quota recalculated based on exhausted votes after each count? -- (election voting systems australia)
<p>In Australian Senate elections, why isn't the quota recalculated based on exhausted votes after each count?</p>

<p>In order to make sure the 2010 election was wh... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,847 | Word for government-mandated price moratorium | <p>Is there a word for when the government stops business from raising prices after a minimum wage increase in order to protect from inflation?</p>

<p>People say, we can't raise minimum wage because businesses will just raise their prices and we'll be in the same situation as before. (The goal being, to make ... | terminology | 1 | Word for government-mandated price moratorium -- (terminology)
<p>Is there a word for when the government stops business from raising prices after a minimum wage increase in order to protect from inflation?</p>

<p>People say, we can't raise minimum wage because businesses will just raise their prices and we'll... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,852 | In the U.S., when a policy issue is more relevant in public opinion, does the influence of interest groups wane? | <p>In the U.S., when a policy issue is more relevant in public opinion, does the influence of interest groups wane?</p>

<p>I ask because, on one hand, one can think that when a issue is discussed more in public opinion, interest groups have less influence, but, on the other hand, it is also true that they can ... | political theory | 1 | In the U.S., when a policy issue is more relevant in public opinion, does the influence of interest groups wane? -- (political theory)
<p>In the U.S., when a policy issue is more relevant in public opinion, does the influence of interest groups wane?</p>

<p>I ask because, on one hand, one can think that when a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,857 | Why did Mohammed Morsi get thrown out of office | <p>What made the Egyptian Military want to throw Mohammed Morsi out of office.</p>
 | egypt | 1 | Why did Mohammed Morsi get thrown out of office -- (egypt)
<p>What made the Egyptian Military want to throw Mohammed Morsi out of office.</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,872 | Why do so few Arab countries have nuclear energy power plants? | <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_by_country#List_of_nuclear_reactors_by_country" rel="nofollow noreferrer">According to Wikipedia</a>
there are no Arab countries that have a functioning nuclear energy program. (Indeed, Pakistan and Iran are the only <em>Muslim</em> countries to do so, and nei... | middle east nuclear energy | 1 | Why do so few Arab countries have nuclear energy power plants? -- (middle east nuclear energy)
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_by_country#List_of_nuclear_reactors_by_country" rel="nofollow noreferrer">According to Wikipedia</a>
there are no Arab countries that have a functioning nuclear energ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,873 | In the U.S., what does it precisely mean that federal courts have limited jurisdiction? | <p>In the U.S., what does it precisely mean that federal courts have limited jurisdiction? I ask because I'm unsure that they cannot hears cases in which the president or the Congress are involved.</p>

<p>Thank you.</p>
 | united states justice | 1 | In the U.S., what does it precisely mean that federal courts have limited jurisdiction? -- (united states justice)
<p>In the U.S., what does it precisely mean that federal courts have limited jurisdiction? I ask because I'm unsure that they cannot hears cases in which the president or the Congress are involved.</p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,877 | In the U.S., are there programs which are not administered through or by states? | <p>In the U.S. the states are the fundamental building blocks of the federal system and so, since senators represent states at the national level, they are pivotal in creating policy.</p>

<p>However I wonder if there are programs which are not administered through or by states, but directly by federal governme... | united states | 1 | In the U.S., are there programs which are not administered through or by states? -- (united states)
<p>In the U.S. the states are the fundamental building blocks of the federal system and so, since senators represent states at the national level, they are pivotal in creating policy.</p>

<p>However I wonder if ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,880 | What kind of Information does the NSA and PRISM collect, and how do they collect it? | <p>Today, It's not uncommon to hear about the NSA and PRISM, and how they've collected information in a controversial manner. </p>

<p>The problem is, that most reports cite abstract <code>"Information on Americans"</code> or, in the case of PRSIM, <code>"Email information"</code> and <code>"Internet Informati... | united states surveillance nsa | 1 | What kind of Information does the NSA and PRISM collect, and how do they collect it? -- (united states surveillance nsa)
<p>Today, It's not uncommon to hear about the NSA and PRISM, and how they've collected information in a controversial manner. </p>

<p>The problem is, that most reports cite abstract <code>"... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,881 | Are Physical Education classes mandatory by law? | <p>I'm extremely irritated for many reasons that physical education classes are still mandatory in my high school. I am prepared to write a letter to the principal or superintendent with a long list of reasons that P.E classes should be optional. I also have several ideas of ways to fill the schedule gap for those who ... | law education us state laws | 1 | Are Physical Education classes mandatory by law? -- (law education us state laws)
<p>I'm extremely irritated for many reasons that physical education classes are still mandatory in my high school. I am prepared to write a letter to the principal or superintendent with a long list of reasons that P.E classes should be o... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,882 | In the US, are Inquisitorial trials always mandatory in possess of certain inquisitorial evidences? | <p>If, for example, an investigation finds out that a CCTV recorded a suspect committing murder, is it still mandatory for them to have the right of a trial or it can be skipped and they can be immediately imprisoned?</p>
 | united states | 1 | In the US, are Inquisitorial trials always mandatory in possess of certain inquisitorial evidences? -- (united states)
<p>If, for example, an investigation finds out that a CCTV recorded a suspect committing murder, is it still mandatory for them to have the right of a trial or it can be skipped and they can be immedia... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,889 | Does Saudi Arabia really control the Chechen terrorist groups? | <p>According to the article linked below, a Saudi prince told Vladimir Putin that he can guarantee the safety of the Winter Olympics in 2014 in Russia if some things will be done by Russia. Does Saudi Arabia control the Chechen terrorist groups?</p>

<p>Here is the article:
<a href="http://www.eutimes.net/2... | terrorism russian federation | 1 | Does Saudi Arabia really control the Chechen terrorist groups? -- (terrorism russian federation)
<p>According to the article linked below, a Saudi prince told Vladimir Putin that he can guarantee the safety of the Winter Olympics in 2014 in Russia if some things will be done by Russia. Does Saudi Arabia control the Che... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,890 | Why would a country ever store its gold deposits abroad? | <p>I just learned from <a href="https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/17416/does-germany-want-their-gold-back?newsletter=1&nlcode=85899|2bbd">this question</a> that Germany is storing its gold reserves around the globe.</p>

<p>Why would a country store any of its gold reserves abroad, instead of wel... | economy germany | 1 | Why would a country ever store its gold deposits abroad? -- (economy germany)
<p>I just learned from <a href="https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/17416/does-germany-want-their-gold-back?newsletter=1&nlcode=85899|2bbd">this question</a> that Germany is storing its gold reserves around the globe.</p>
&#x... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,892 | In the U.S., why are senators more influential in policy formation than their House counterparts? | <p>Looking at the U.S. from Europe it gets the impression that the senators are more influential in policy formation than their House counterparts.</p>

<p>The first explanation that comes to mind is that this more great influence depends on their small number, 100 vs. 435.</p>

<p>Nevertheless, I wonde... | united states | 1 | In the U.S., why are senators more influential in policy formation than their House counterparts? -- (united states)
<p>Looking at the U.S. from Europe it gets the impression that the senators are more influential in policy formation than their House counterparts.</p>

<p>The first explanation that comes to min... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,899 | Are the partisan and ideological motivation of members of Congress in policymaking always "in sync? If not,, what are the reasons? | <p>Looking to the United States from Europe, it seems that there is a lack of distinction between the partisan and ideological motivation of members of Congress in policymaking. Assuming this is true, it seems natural to think, at least from here, that this depend on the narrow focus of public policy.</p>

<p>A... | united states | 1 | Are the partisan and ideological motivation of members of Congress in policymaking always "in sync? If not,, what are the reasons? -- (united states)
<p>Looking to the United States from Europe, it seems that there is a lack of distinction between the partisan and ideological motivation of members of Congress in policy... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,903 | Why has the Supreme Court of the United States not used its power of judicial review to audit constitutionally-questionable laws like the Patriot Act? | <p>I've heard it said that it is very difficult for some terrorism-related laws like the Patriot Act or laws that allow warrantless dragnet surveillance of citizens to be fully challenged in the courts because it is difficult to prove that an individual has been specifically "wronged" by it.</p>

<p>However, if... | united states supreme court | 1 | Why has the Supreme Court of the United States not used its power of judicial review to audit constitutionally-questionable laws like the Patriot Act? -- (united states supreme court)
<p>I've heard it said that it is very difficult for some terrorism-related laws like the Patriot Act or laws that allow warrantless drag... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,905 | Tunisia's list of designated terrorist organizations? | <p><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-23853241" rel="noreferrer">According to BBC:</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p>Tunisia has designated the hardline Salafist Ansar al-Sharia movement a "terrorist group"</p>
<p>[...] "Anyone belonging to it must face judicial consequences," he adde... | policy terrorism | 1 | Tunisia's list of designated terrorist organizations? -- (policy terrorism)
<p><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-23853241" rel="noreferrer">According to BBC:</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p>Tunisia has designated the hardline Salafist Ansar al-Sharia movement a "terrorist group"</p>
<p>[...]... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,907 | What was the largest popular vote election ever held? | <p>What was the largest popular vote election ever held for a personally-held position?</p>

<p>This means an election for an elected position, with people directly voting for the choice of candidates (e.g. US Presidential elections don't count, since they are votes for the electors and not directly for the Pre... | election democracy voting voting systems one person one vote | 1 | What was the largest popular vote election ever held? -- (election democracy voting voting systems one person one vote)
<p>What was the largest popular vote election ever held for a personally-held position?</p>

<p>This means an election for an elected position, with people directly voting for the choice of ca... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,908 | Can the Vatican legally declare war? | <p>Joseph Stalin once <a href="http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" rel="noreferrer">famously quipped</a>: "The Pope! How many divisions has he got?"</p>

<p>Technically speaking, the pope IS a secular ruler of a country that holds an observer status at the UN, and as far as I'm aware, has a standing mil... | war military law vatican city | 1 | Can the Vatican legally declare war? -- (war military law vatican city)
<p>Joseph Stalin once <a href="http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" rel="noreferrer">famously quipped</a>: "The Pope! How many divisions has he got?"</p>

<p>Technically speaking, the pope IS a secular ruler of a country that holds a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,919 | What are the guarantees that international debt will be payed back ever? | <blockquote>
 <p>Related: <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/222/are-there-any-negative-consequences-for-a-country-having-no-debt">Are there any negative consequences for a country having no
 debt?</a></p>
</blockquote>

<p>Why would a country ever allow another country to be de... | debt international | 1 | What are the guarantees that international debt will be payed back ever? -- (debt international)
<blockquote>
 <p>Related: <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/222/are-there-any-negative-consequences-for-a-country-having-no-debt">Are there any negative consequences for a country having no
 de... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,945 | Why does Tax Freedom/Cost of Government day differ so much in the United States, and how are they calculated? | <p>There is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_Freedom_Day" rel="nofollow">Tax Freedom Day</a> which falls in April and is:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>the first day of the year in which a nation as a whole has theoretically earned enough income to fund its annual tax burden. It is annually calculated in ... | united states taxes | 1 | Why does Tax Freedom/Cost of Government day differ so much in the United States, and how are they calculated? -- (united states taxes)
<p>There is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_Freedom_Day" rel="nofollow">Tax Freedom Day</a> which falls in April and is:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>the first day of th... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,948 | Would GOP support for imigration reform result in a greater proportion of hispanic votes? | <p><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=0VFsCLDvOao" rel="nofollow">Lindsey Graham</a> believes that without support for the bill, the <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/16/immigration-reform-lindsey-graham-election" rel="nofollow">party is doomed</a>. </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>I want to get re... | united states voting | 1 | Would GOP support for imigration reform result in a greater proportion of hispanic votes? -- (united states voting)
<p><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=0VFsCLDvOao" rel="nofollow">Lindsey Graham</a> believes that without support for the bill, the <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/16/immigration-refo... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,952 | When did the "red line" get drawn? | <p>The pending conflict in Syria seems to be based off of the Syrian Regime having crossed a "red line" by allegedly using chemical weapons. </p>

<p>I had originally assumed that this "red line" was a long standing policy, but reports from various news sources suggest that it is a lot more recent than I had or... | united states syria | 1 | When did the "red line" get drawn? -- (united states syria)
<p>The pending conflict in Syria seems to be based off of the Syrian Regime having crossed a "red line" by allegedly using chemical weapons. </p>

<p>I had originally assumed that this "red line" was a long standing policy, but reports from various new... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,961 | How is Australia being represented at the G20 summit? | <p>Since Australia has an election tomorrow, we've sent our foreign minister to represent us instead of the prime minister. However, I <em>think</em> the election occurs in the middle of the second day of the summit. What happens if there is a change of government (which seems likely)? Can the new prime minister issue ... | australia | 1 | How is Australia being represented at the G20 summit? -- (australia)
<p>Since Australia has an election tomorrow, we've sent our foreign minister to represent us instead of the prime minister. However, I <em>think</em> the election occurs in the middle of the second day of the summit. What happens if there is a change ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,964 | Websites for understanding preference flows in the Australian senate | <p>In Australia, candidates from some very minor parties look like they'll winning some seats. For example, a candidate from the Australian Sports Party looks set <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/federal-election-2013/results/senate/wa/" rel="noreferrer">ABC link</a> to win a seat in Western Australia, which has bee... | election voting systems australia | 1 | Websites for understanding preference flows in the Australian senate -- (election voting systems australia)
<p>In Australia, candidates from some very minor parties look like they'll winning some seats. For example, a candidate from the Australian Sports Party looks set <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/federal-elect... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,973 | In the U.S., is the presidential veto a negative construct? | <p>In the U.S., is the presidential veto a negative construct?</p>

<p>As I see it, it seems to me that that veto is a pure check on Congress, as it does not force Congress to do anything, or, at best, (can) alters legislative packages while they are being created.</p>
 | united states veto | 1 | In the U.S., is the presidential veto a negative construct? -- (united states veto)
<p>In the U.S., is the presidential veto a negative construct?</p>

<p>As I see it, it seems to me that that veto is a pure check on Congress, as it does not force Congress to do anything, or, at best, (can) alters legislative p... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,975 | Was Australian Labor loss due to internal party conflict? | <p>One of commentors on a Slashdot article (<em>somewhat tangentially to the question's topic, discussing a Liberal Democratic party Senate win</em>) noted that the main reason Labor lost the nation-wide election<sup>[1]</sup> was <strong>"intra-party" fight - e.g. Rudd/Gillard issues</strong>.</p>

<p>Random G... | election australia alp | 1 | Was Australian Labor loss due to internal party conflict? -- (election australia alp)
<p>One of commentors on a Slashdot article (<em>somewhat tangentially to the question's topic, discussing a Liberal Democratic party Senate win</em>) noted that the main reason Labor lost the nation-wide election<sup>[1]</sup> was <st... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,980 | Which years did US Senate had filibuster-proof majorities? | <p>Which of the years did the US Senate held a filibuster-proof majority for one party - e.g. 60 seats? (or 3/5th of total - e.g. the number was lower when # of Senators was lower)</p>

<p>This includes "affiliated" nominally independent senators, e.g. Bernie Sanders may not count towards DNC majority technical... | united states senate | 1 | Which years did US Senate had filibuster-proof majorities? -- (united states senate)
<p>Which of the years did the US Senate held a filibuster-proof majority for one party - e.g. 60 seats? (or 3/5th of total - e.g. the number was lower when # of Senators was lower)</p>

<p>This includes "affiliated" nominally i... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,986 | How many votes is a senate supermajority when there are vacancies? | <p>If there are vacant seats in the senate such that 3/5ths or 2/3rds of the duly-chosen and sworn senators is not a whole number, how is a supermajority rounded?</p>

<p>e.g. If there are only 99 senators, 3/5ths is 59.4, so do you need 59 or 60 votes to invoke cloture?</p>
 | united states congress senate senate rules | 1 | How many votes is a senate supermajority when there are vacancies? -- (united states congress senate senate rules)
<p>If there are vacant seats in the senate such that 3/5ths or 2/3rds of the duly-chosen and sworn senators is not a whole number, how is a supermajority rounded?</p>

<p>e.g. If there are only 99 ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,003 | Can anybody explain why the organization of a two-party system benefits from federalism? | <p>I'm unsure whether, in the U.S., the organization of a two-party system benefits from federalism because the spheres of influence of local an national leaders can remain separate to avoid alienating constituents in one region through support of constituents in another region, or, maybe, because decentralized policy... | federalism | 1 | Can anybody explain why the organization of a two-party system benefits from federalism? -- (federalism)
<p>I'm unsure whether, in the U.S., the organization of a two-party system benefits from federalism because the spheres of influence of local an national leaders can remain separate to avoid alienating constituents... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,022 | What am I supposed to vote for? | <p>Germany is a democracy and there is an important election on Sunday.
I know I can vote any of the parties written on the list or nothing, and that within this limitation I am completely free to make my cross.</p>
<p>This is written in the <a href="http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.htm... | election democracy germany | 1 | What am I supposed to vote for? -- (election democracy germany)
<p>Germany is a democracy and there is an important election on Sunday.
I know I can vote any of the parties written on the list or nothing, and that within this limitation I am completely free to make my cross.</p>
<p>This is written in the <a hre... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,024 | What does shutting down the government mean? | <p>What does it mean for a government to be shutdown, and how does it affect the nation?</p>
 | united states government | 1 | What does shutting down the government mean? -- (united states government)
<p>What does it mean for a government to be shutdown, and how does it affect the nation?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,030 | Did any US president win elections without extensive campaigning? | <blockquote>
 <p>I believe it's true that every elected president has survived the campaign trail, so I'm not sure how useful a metric that is. – <em>@Avi in a comment.</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>I'm curious if that's an accurate belief. Limiting the scope to US Presidency, did any of the Presidents wh... | united states election | 1 | Did any US president win elections without extensive campaigning? -- (united states election)
<blockquote>
 <p>I believe it's true that every elected president has survived the campaign trail, so I'm not sure how useful a metric that is. – <em>@Avi in a comment.</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>I'm curious i... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,033 | What are the consequences of not following a gag order? | <p>Recently I have been hearing a lot about gag orders given by the United States, such as Lavabit, etc. What are the actual repercussions for still talking out about the gagged subject?</p>
 | united states law | 1 | What are the consequences of not following a gag order? -- (united states law)
<p>Recently I have been hearing a lot about gag orders given by the United States, such as Lavabit, etc. What are the actual repercussions for still talking out about the gagged subject?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,040 | How did Australia wind up with a two-party system? | <p>Currently in Australia, there are two major parties: The Australian Labor Party and the Australian Liberal Party (which ironically is a conservative party. Currently in Australia it is simply not possible for someone to become Prime Minister if they do not represent one of these political parties.</p>

<p>My... | democracy australia | 1 | How did Australia wind up with a two-party system? -- (democracy australia)
<p>Currently in Australia, there are two major parties: The Australian Labor Party and the Australian Liberal Party (which ironically is a conservative party. Currently in Australia it is simply not possible for someone to become Prime Minister... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,042 | What is the purpose of direct mandates in the German electoral system? | <p>Is the direct mandate’s main purpose to represent the election districts? What was the original motivation to build a mechanism like that (first/direct vote, excess mandates) into a electoral system?</p>

<p>And why is it guaranteed that the direct candidate with the relative majority gets already a seat? Wo... | election germany | 1 | What is the purpose of direct mandates in the German electoral system? -- (election germany)
<p>Is the direct mandate’s main purpose to represent the election districts? What was the original motivation to build a mechanism like that (first/direct vote, excess mandates) into a electoral system?</p>

<p>And why ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,045 | What does it mean when a party has a mandate? | <p>In the media I hear politicians say things such as "we have a mandate" and "the opposition has a mandate". What exactly does it mean when a particular party of government has a mandate?</p>
 | democracy australia | 1 | What does it mean when a party has a mandate? -- (democracy australia)
<p>In the media I hear politicians say things such as "we have a mandate" and "the opposition has a mandate". What exactly does it mean when a particular party of government has a mandate?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,052 | Can Bloomberg run again in the future, or is the 3-term limit absolute? | <p>What I mean is, are Mayors of NYC limited to three <em>consecutive</em> terms, or three terms in their lifetime? I couldn't find any answer to this question anywhere.</p>

<p>Could Bloomberg run again in another 4 years?</p>
 | election new york michael bloomberg | 1 | Can Bloomberg run again in the future, or is the 3-term limit absolute? -- (election new york michael bloomberg)
<p>What I mean is, are Mayors of NYC limited to three <em>consecutive</em> terms, or three terms in their lifetime? I couldn't find any answer to this question anywhere.</p>

<p>Could Bloomberg run a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,059 | How does one get pre selected to be a member of the Australian Senate | <p>What is the process that a person has to go through to be on the Australian senate ballot sheet? Is it any more difficult to do so independently?</p>
 | democracy australia | 1 | How does one get pre selected to be a member of the Australian Senate -- (democracy australia)
<p>What is the process that a person has to go through to be on the Australian senate ballot sheet? Is it any more difficult to do so independently?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,063 | In Italy, can a party run for the elections with two different lists (in the same group)? | <p>Under the current law&rules, can an Italian party sign into the elections with two different lists, joined into one coalition, or is there a rule explicitly forbidding that?</p>

<p>(notice that lists are not automatically linked to a party, I'm just wondering if there are some special limitations when t... | election italy | 1 | In Italy, can a party run for the elections with two different lists (in the same group)? -- (election italy)
<p>Under the current law&rules, can an Italian party sign into the elections with two different lists, joined into one coalition, or is there a rule explicitly forbidding that?</p>

<p>(notice that ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,072 | Why does the United States begin its fiscal year on October 1st? | <p>So, I understand that many organizations have fiscal years that differ from calendar years, but why? What is the logic in starting a fiscal year three months early, especially considering how long its been since the U.S. Congress has been able to actually, you know, pass a budget?</p>
 | united states budget | 1 | Why does the United States begin its fiscal year on October 1st? -- (united states budget)
<p>So, I understand that many organizations have fiscal years that differ from calendar years, but why? What is the logic in starting a fiscal year three months early, especially considering how long its been since the U.S. Cong... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,074 | Why are US national party conventions important to electoral politics? | <p>Are national party conventions in the United States important to electoral politics because they empower party leaders or because they control who delegates vote for? Or is there a different reason?</p>
 | united states presidential election parties | 1 | Why are US national party conventions important to electoral politics? -- (united states presidential election parties)
<p>Are national party conventions in the United States important to electoral politics because they empower party leaders or because they control who delegates vote for? Or is there a different reason... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,076 | Do the procedural rules of US State legislatures have the power of law? | <p>Any legislature will have “house rules” by which it operates. Do those house rules have the force of law for US States? If, for example, a house speaker miscounts votes, is that an arrestable offence for voter fraud?</p>

<p>For example, <a href="http://youtu.be/o4EaxRolGXA" rel="nofollow">Rachel... | voting systems parliament legislative process | 1 | Do the procedural rules of US State legislatures have the power of law? -- (voting systems parliament legislative process)
<p>Any legislature will have “house rules” by which it operates. Do those house rules have the force of law for US States? If, for example, a house speaker miscounts votes, is that an a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,077 | What are the origins of non-aggression politics within liberalism? | <p>Non-aggression politics plays a significant role in liberalism as a broad tradition. It appears to be central to the revival of Manchester School politics in the United States under the name "libertarianism." </p>

<p>Where and how did the concept of non-aggression emerge in liberalism and those thoughts w... | political theory libertarianism liberalism non aggression | 1 | What are the origins of non-aggression politics within liberalism? -- (political theory libertarianism liberalism non aggression)
<p>Non-aggression politics plays a significant role in liberalism as a broad tradition. It appears to be central to the revival of Manchester School politics in the United States under the ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,078 | What is the theoretical content of the terms used in non-aggression discourse within liberal politics? | <p>The complexity of non-aggression politics within liberalism is obvious: liberalism defends private property which is widely (but not universally) considered to be an act of violence by other political traditions. The specific development of concepts to defend the politics of non-aggression result in terminology tha... | political theory libertarianism liberalism non aggression | 1 | What is the theoretical content of the terms used in non-aggression discourse within liberal politics? -- (political theory libertarianism liberalism non aggression)
<p>The complexity of non-aggression politics within liberalism is obvious: liberalism defends private property which is widely (but not universally) consi... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,080 | How is Obamacare still functioning with no budget? | <p>The health and human services budget has expired and a new one has not been passed yet. So how is Obamacare still functioning, as it falls under that part of the budget? Is it being kept alive by some sort of accounting tricks or the president exercising authority he doesn't actually have or some other method?</p>&#... | united states budget healthcare government shutdown | 1 | How is Obamacare still functioning with no budget? -- (united states budget healthcare government shutdown)
<p>The health and human services budget has expired and a new one has not been passed yet. So how is Obamacare still functioning, as it falls under that part of the budget? Is it being kept alive by some sort of ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,082 | Why did the U.S. government shut down, if the Fed was providing funding through the bond buying program? | <p>I understand that the current Federal Bond Buying program ($80 billion a month) is allowing a fixed supply of money to the American Government. </p>

<p>If this is the case, then why did the government "shut down"? Don't they have funds available?</p>
 | united states debt government shutdown federal reserve | 1 | Why did the U.S. government shut down, if the Fed was providing funding through the bond buying program? -- (united states debt government shutdown federal reserve)
<p>I understand that the current Federal Bond Buying program ($80 billion a month) is allowing a fixed supply of money to the American Government. </p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,087 | Are the President of the United States and members of Congress considered essential to the federal government? | <p>During the U.S. government shutdown, "essential personnel" are required to work, but everyone else has been furloughed. The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) defines who is and who is not "essential".</p>

<p>Is the President of the United States considered essential? Does he still get paid?</p>

... | united states government shutdown | 1 | Are the President of the United States and members of Congress considered essential to the federal government? -- (united states government shutdown)
<p>During the U.S. government shutdown, "essential personnel" are required to work, but everyone else has been furloughed. The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) defin... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,090 | What are the legal requirements to be Speaker of the US House of Representatives? | <p>The Speaker of the House in the US is not legally required to be an elected member of the House. For example, recently Rep. Jim Cooper (TN-5) suggested Colin Powell for the role. Given that, are there <em>any</em> legal limitations on holding the position? I mean, could the House select just any random person? A chi... | united states constitution congress | 1 | What are the legal requirements to be Speaker of the US House of Representatives? -- (united states constitution congress)
<p>The Speaker of the House in the US is not legally required to be an elected member of the House. For example, recently Rep. Jim Cooper (TN-5) suggested Colin Powell for the role. Given that, are... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,092 | Do white house and congressional staffers currently (or sans Obamacare) receive subsidies for their health insurance? | <p>The House passed a CR last night or today that would have delayed the individual mandate for 1 year and removed subsidies for congressional staffers, white house staffers, etc if they purchase health insurance through exchanges.</p>

<p>Last month (i.e., before the exchanges went live) were these folks recei... | united states budget healthcare government shutdown | 1 | Do white house and congressional staffers currently (or sans Obamacare) receive subsidies for their health insurance? -- (united states budget healthcare government shutdown)
<p>The House passed a CR last night or today that would have delayed the individual mandate for 1 year and removed subsidies for congressional st... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,095 | Could state or federal agencies purchase "government shutdown insurance" if it was available? | <p>During the latest government shutdown, the District of Columbia will pay for public services <a href="http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/DC-Waits-to-See-If-It-Can-Declare-All-Workers-Essential-225775961.html" rel="nofollow">out of a cash reserve</a>.</p>

<p>If these shutdowns are becoming common enough... | united states government shutdown | 1 | Could state or federal agencies purchase "government shutdown insurance" if it was available? -- (united states government shutdown)
<p>During the latest government shutdown, the District of Columbia will pay for public services <a href="http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/DC-Waits-to-See-If-It-Can-Declare-All-Work... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,098 | Can I recall my US Senator or Representatives in Congress? | <p>I live in Texas, is there an effective proceedure to recall my senator or representatives in Congress?</p>

<p>Has an online petition ever been effective at recalling a Senator or Congressman?</p>
 | united states government | 1 | Can I recall my US Senator or Representatives in Congress? -- (united states government)
<p>I live in Texas, is there an effective proceedure to recall my senator or representatives in Congress?</p>

<p>Has an online petition ever been effective at recalling a Senator or Congressman?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,104 | How does a government shutdown happen? | <p>So, It seemed as though an act or lack there of from congress caused this "Government Shutdown" to happen. </p>

<p>My question is:</p>

<p>What specifically has to happen for a government shutdown to happen? Does congress have to vote to approve it? If a particular vote doesn't happen does the go... | united states government shutdown congress | 1 | How does a government shutdown happen? -- (united states government shutdown congress)
<p>So, It seemed as though an act or lack there of from congress caused this "Government Shutdown" to happen. </p>

<p>My question is:</p>

<p>What specifically has to happen for a government shutdown to happen? Doe... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,115 | Will government workers furloughed during the shutdown be paid later? | <p>When the government of the United States of America reopens, will furloughed government workers be paid for the missed time?</p>
 | united states government government shutdown | 1 | Will government workers furloughed during the shutdown be paid later? -- (united states government government shutdown)
<p>When the government of the United States of America reopens, will furloughed government workers be paid for the missed time?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,121 | How can a currency be manipulated? | <p>How can a country manipulate its currency?</p>

<p>For example: Canada actively purchases US dollars in an effort to control the US/Canadian rate.</p>

<p>What are the ways Canada can use purchased USD to benefit the Canadian dollar?</p>
 | currency economy | 1 | How can a currency be manipulated? -- (currency economy)
<p>How can a country manipulate its currency?</p>

<p>For example: Canada actively purchases US dollars in an effort to control the US/Canadian rate.</p>

<p>What are the ways Canada can use purchased USD to benefit the Canadian dollar?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
2,124 | Are US politicians still paid a salary when they cause a government shutdown? | <p>800k working-class Americans don't get paid when the government shut down. Do the US politicians still get paid? If yes, why so?</p>
 | united states government shutdown | 1 | Are US politicians still paid a salary when they cause a government shutdown? -- (united states government shutdown)
<p>800k working-class Americans don't get paid when the government shut down. Do the US politicians still get paid? If yes, why so?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
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