id int64 1 141k | title stringlengths 15 150 | body stringlengths 45 28.5k | tags stringlengths 1 102 | label int64 1 1 | text stringlengths 128 28.6k | source stringclasses 1
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
881 | Are there any proposals for a significant electrification of US railroads? | <p>Most of the railroads in the United States are not electrified. I can't find figures right now, but I don't think it's much. In the past decade, fuel prices have risen, Amtrak ridership has increased significantly, and there are <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/880/130">many proposals to extend the rail... | united states railroad infrastructure | 1 | Are there any proposals for a significant electrification of US railroads? -- (united states railroad infrastructure)
<p>Most of the railroads in the United States are not electrified. I can't find figures right now, but I don't think it's much. In the past decade, fuel prices have risen, Amtrak ridership has increased... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
890 | What is the debt ceiling and what happens if we reach it? | <p>Over the past few years, there has been debate in congress as to whether or not to raise the debt ceiling.</p>
<p>My question is simple(the answer to it might not be):</p>
<p><strong>What Is the debt ceiling, under what circumstances does it come into play, and what happens if we reach it?</strong></p>
<... | united states constitution debt | 1 | What is the debt ceiling and what happens if we reach it? -- (united states constitution debt)
<p>Over the past few years, there has been debate in congress as to whether or not to raise the debt ceiling.</p>
<p>My question is simple(the answer to it might not be):</p>
<p><strong>What Is the debt ceiling, under... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
895 | If a governor or senator is chosen as a running mate (VP) to a president candidate, and that candidate loses, what happens? | <p>If a governor or senator is chosen as a running mate (VP) to a president candidate, and that candidate loses, do they go back to their post as governor or senator? </p>
 | united states election president | 1 | If a governor or senator is chosen as a running mate (VP) to a president candidate, and that candidate loses, what happens? -- (united states election president)
<p>If a governor or senator is chosen as a running mate (VP) to a president candidate, and that candidate loses, do they go back to their post as governor or ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
904 | Is the human rights group Amnesty International perceived as liberal in the United States? | <p>In a mini-debate as to the reliability of Amnesty International as an objective source, I came across a <a href="https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/907/is-the-death-penalty-an-effective-deterrent#comment53279_6164">post on Skeptics SE</a> commenting the issue as follows:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>... | united states | 1 | Is the human rights group Amnesty International perceived as liberal in the United States? -- (united states)
<p>In a mini-debate as to the reliability of Amnesty International as an objective source, I came across a <a href="https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/907/is-the-death-penalty-an-effective-deterrent#c... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
918 | Does it cost $25 to obtain a "free" Voter ID in any state? | <p>This article at <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/the-daily-need/everything-youve-ever-wanted-to-know-about-voter-id-laws/14358/">pbs.org</a> seems to indicate that getting a free Voter ID in a state can cost as much as $25. </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Voting law advocates contend these laws disp... | united states voting identity document | 1 | Does it cost $25 to obtain a "free" Voter ID in any state? -- (united states voting identity document)
<p>This article at <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/the-daily-need/everything-youve-ever-wanted-to-know-about-voter-id-laws/14358/">pbs.org</a> seems to indicate that getting a free Voter ID in a state ca... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
934 | How often do elections occur on or near Yom Kippur? | <p>Julia Gillard has indicated that the Australian election will be held on September 14, which is the date Yom Kippur falls. <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/political-news/jewish-mp-to-put--religion-before-politics-20130130-2dkmr.html" rel="nofollow">This article</a> says that no election has fallen on Yom Kipp... | election religion | 1 | How often do elections occur on or near Yom Kippur? -- (election religion)
<p>Julia Gillard has indicated that the Australian election will be held on September 14, which is the date Yom Kippur falls. <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/political-news/jewish-mp-to-put--religion-before-politics-20130130-2dkmr.html" r... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
935 | Are internet petitions a practical way to accomplish grass roots political goals? | <p>Are internet petitions a practical way to accomplish grass roots political goals? For example, the <a href="https://petitions.whitehouse.gov" rel="nofollow">White House</a> has a mechanism to petition the president to take action. Are there some kinds of political goals that are better suited to being successfully... | internet petition | 1 | Are internet petitions a practical way to accomplish grass roots political goals? -- (internet petition)
<p>Are internet petitions a practical way to accomplish grass roots political goals? For example, the <a href="https://petitions.whitehouse.gov" rel="nofollow">White House</a> has a mechanism to petition the presid... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
939 | When are Russian federal elections held? | <p>Are there any laws that govern when elections for President and Duma/Assembly are held in Russia as far as date of the elections?</p>

<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Russia" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Russia</a> seems to have nothing covering the dates.</p... | election russian federation | 1 | When are Russian federal elections held? -- (election russian federation)
<p>Are there any laws that govern when elections for President and Duma/Assembly are held in Russia as far as date of the elections?</p>

<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Russia" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
940 | What level of autonomy do regions within the Russian Federation have? | <p>So, in the United States, of course, there is the 10th Amendment to the constitution, stating that powers not enumerated as adhering to the federal government are reserved either to the states or to the people. In practice, this means there are several powers (education, welfare, and transportation come to mind) th... | federalism russian federation | 1 | What level of autonomy do regions within the Russian Federation have? -- (federalism russian federation)
<p>So, in the United States, of course, there is the 10th Amendment to the constitution, stating that powers not enumerated as adhering to the federal government are reserved either to the states or to the people. ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
947 | Does the US Policy allowing targeted assassination of Americans suspected of being terrorists violate the Constitution? | <p>According to a <a href="http://openchannel.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/02/04/16843014-exclusive-justice-department-memo-reveals-legal-case-for-drone-strikes-on-americans?lite" rel="nofollow noreferrer">report by NBC News</a>: </p>

<blockquote>
 <p>A confidential Justice Department memo concludes that the U.... | united states constitution rule of law | 1 | Does the US Policy allowing targeted assassination of Americans suspected of being terrorists violate the Constitution? -- (united states constitution rule of law)
<p>According to a <a href="http://openchannel.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/02/04/16843014-exclusive-justice-department-memo-reveals-legal-case-for-drone-strikes-o... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
950 | Why would a state reject federal funding for infrastructure? | <p>The government of Florida <a href="http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/article1151937.ece" rel="nofollow noreferrer">rejected federal funding for high-speed rail</a>. The same is true <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/12/09/wisconsin-highspeed-rail-_n_794721.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">for Ohio and W... | united states railroad infrastructure | 1 | Why would a state reject federal funding for infrastructure? -- (united states railroad infrastructure)
<p>The government of Florida <a href="http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/article1151937.ece" rel="nofollow noreferrer">rejected federal funding for high-speed rail</a>. The same is true <a href="http://www.huffing... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
957 | (Why) are policies aimed at sustainability often associated with progressive/left-wing politics? | <p>It appears sustainable policies are often associated with progressive or left-wing politics. For example, the Wikipedia article on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_politics" rel="noreferrer">green politics</a> states:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Green politics is a political ideology that aims to c... | sustainable development | 1 | (Why) are policies aimed at sustainability often associated with progressive/left-wing politics? -- (sustainable development)
<p>It appears sustainable policies are often associated with progressive or left-wing politics. For example, the Wikipedia article on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_politics" rel="n... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
960 | What policies for ecological sustainability have been proposed by conservative or economically libertarian political groups? | <p><a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/957/130">This question</a> explores the nature of the green movement, which is often associated with progressive or left-wing politics. <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/958/130">One answer points out</a> that it's not the problem identification that is assoc... | libertarianism sustainable development conservatism | 1 | What policies for ecological sustainability have been proposed by conservative or economically libertarian political groups? -- (libertarianism sustainable development conservatism)
<p><a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/957/130">This question</a> explores the nature of the green movement, which is often asso... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
965 | If a president does extra-constitutional things, what can be done? | <p>Over the past decade or so, there has been a lot of noise regarding the Executive branch doing extra-legal things.</p>

<p>Between the Bush-era Torture scandal, and the Obama-era drone strikes, it increasingly seems as though our leaders are not held accountable to the law. </p>

<p>Some have traced... | united states constitution president | 1 | If a president does extra-constitutional things, what can be done? -- (united states constitution president)
<p>Over the past decade or so, there has been a lot of noise regarding the Executive branch doing extra-legal things.</p>

<p>Between the Bush-era Torture scandal, and the Obama-era drone strikes, it inc... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
967 | Where is the process for Presidential Impeachment codified? | <p>The US Constitution Article 2 Section for states:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United
 States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and
 conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and
 misdemeanors.</p>
</bloc... | united states constitution rule of law | 1 | Where is the process for Presidential Impeachment codified? -- (united states constitution rule of law)
<p>The US Constitution Article 2 Section for states:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United
 States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
970 | Is the Senate required to pursue a trial if presented with articles of impeachment? | <p>The current make up of the congress could potentially lead to a situation where the House was able to draft, and pass articles of impeachment against the sitting president. However, the Senate is currently composed of members that are not likely to support action against the current president. If that happened, cou... | united states constitution rule of law | 1 | Is the Senate required to pursue a trial if presented with articles of impeachment? -- (united states constitution rule of law)
<p>The current make up of the congress could potentially lead to a situation where the House was able to draft, and pass articles of impeachment against the sitting president. However, the Se... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
976 | Do "closed cities" exist outside the former Soviet Union? | <p>A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_city" rel="noreferrer">closed city</a> is a city to which foreign residents and perhaps even domestic residents cannot travel freely. Wikipedia has an informative article on closed cities. The list of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_city#Closed_cities_today... | united states russian federation soviet union | 1 | Do "closed cities" exist outside the former Soviet Union? -- (united states russian federation soviet union)
<p>A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_city" rel="noreferrer">closed city</a> is a city to which foreign residents and perhaps even domestic residents cannot travel freely. Wikipedia has an informativ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
987 | Why does Kaliningrad belong to Russia? | <p>Kaliningrad: former name is Königsberg.
I always wondered about why and how Russia kept Kaliningrad (located between Poland and Lithuania on the seaside). I see the strategic point of the city, it can hold some flotilla, and also I see its population mainly now is Russian. But how it comes that the territory was... | territory russian federation | 1 | Why does Kaliningrad belong to Russia? -- (territory russian federation)
<p>Kaliningrad: former name is Königsberg.
I always wondered about why and how Russia kept Kaliningrad (located between Poland and Lithuania on the seaside). I see the strategic point of the city, it can hold some flotilla, and also I see its ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
994 | Why is the phrase "civil rights" used with such a narrow meaning in the USA? | <blockquote>
 <p>When the president name-checked the watershed moments of the women’s rights, civil rights and LGBT equality movements, he offered a powerful moment of official recognition.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Melissa Harris-Perry, <em><a href="http://www.thenation.com/article/172376/seneca-falls-sel... | united states terminology | 1 | Why is the phrase "civil rights" used with such a narrow meaning in the USA? -- (united states terminology)
<blockquote>
 <p>When the president name-checked the watershed moments of the women’s rights, civil rights and LGBT equality movements, he offered a powerful moment of official recognition.</p>
</blockqu... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
996 | Do any diversity immigrant visas exist outside the USA? | <p>In the United States, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity_Immigrant_Visa" rel="nofollow noreferrer">diversity immigrant visas</a>, also known as the <em>Green Card Lottery</em> or <em>DV Lottery</em>, are visas awarded on a lottery program, primarily to countries with low immigration rates to the US.</p>... | immigration diversity visa lottery | 1 | Do any diversity immigrant visas exist outside the USA? -- (immigration diversity visa lottery)
<p>In the United States, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity_Immigrant_Visa" rel="nofollow noreferrer">diversity immigrant visas</a>, also known as the <em>Green Card Lottery</em> or <em>DV Lottery</em>, are visa... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,013 | What does European Union "freedom of movement" mean, and how much can individual countries restrict intra-EU immigration? | <p>In recent years, France has embarked on a controversial program of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Romani_repatriation">expelling Roma people</a>. The controversy is partly about the allegation that France expels people based on ethnic rather than legal criteria. Wikipedia <a href="https://en.wikipedia... | european union immigration | 1 | What does European Union "freedom of movement" mean, and how much can individual countries restrict intra-EU immigration? -- (european union immigration)
<p>In recent years, France has embarked on a controversial program of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Romani_repatriation">expelling Roma people</a>. Th... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,019 | Repaying high debt in a country, without get ruined, is it possible? Example? | <p>In <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/760/97">another question</a> it was asked what it means to a country if it has a high debt. I'd like to know whether there are there examples of a country paying back high (100%+ Debt to GDP ratio) debt?</p>

<p>I remember that Romania under Ceaușescu paid bac... | economy debt | 1 | Repaying high debt in a country, without get ruined, is it possible? Example? -- (economy debt)
<p>In <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/q/760/97">another question</a> it was asked what it means to a country if it has a high debt. I'd like to know whether there are there examples of a country paying back high ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,025 | Are there some patterns as to which judges in US are elected and which are appointed? | <p>It looks like some judges in the US (seems mostly on local level) are elected, whereas some (e.g. SCOTUS) are appointed.</p>

<p>Is there a good, well-known pattern (based on judge level, locale, etc...) that would explain which judges are appointed vs. elected?</p>

<p>It could be an actual law gove... | justice political appointments | 1 | Are there some patterns as to which judges in US are elected and which are appointed? -- (justice political appointments)
<p>It looks like some judges in the US (seems mostly on local level) are elected, whereas some (e.g. SCOTUS) are appointed.</p>

<p>Is there a good, well-known pattern (based on judge level,... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,026 | Is there a difference between Sheriff and regular county level police officers in USA? | <p>Wikipedia has this to say about Sheriffs (of United States, not Nottingham :)</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>In the United States of America, the scope of a sheriff varies across states and counties. The sheriff is always a county official, and serves as the arm of the county court. The sheriff always performs c... | united states terminology | 1 | Is there a difference between Sheriff and regular county level police officers in USA? -- (united states terminology)
<p>Wikipedia has this to say about Sheriffs (of United States, not Nottingham :)</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>In the United States of America, the scope of a sheriff varies across states and count... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,030 | Do children that attend Head Start preschool programs perform significantly better than those who don't? | <p>During the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/12/state-of-the-union-text-_n_2646646.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2013 State of the Union Address</a>, Barack Obama said</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Study after study shows that the sooner a child begins learning, the better he or she does down the... | united states education | 1 | Do children that attend Head Start preschool programs perform significantly better than those who don't? -- (united states education)
<p>During the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/12/state-of-the-union-text-_n_2646646.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2013 State of the Union Address</a>, Barack Obama said<... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,038 | 12th Amendment and President and Vice Presidents from same states | <p>The 12th Amendment states</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot
 for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be
 an inhabitant of the same state with themselves</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Does this mean that i... | united states election constitution president vice president | 1 | 12th Amendment and President and Vice Presidents from same states -- (united states election constitution president vice president)
<p>The 12th Amendment states</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot
 for President and Vice-President, one of whom, ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,044 | Why is North Korean Air Koryo banned from the European Union? | <p>Air Koryo is currently banned from the European Union with the cited reason being safety. </p>

<p>Yet Air Koryo had its last accident with fatalities in 1983 thus being one of the safeties air companies in the world.</p>

<p>Formerly the EU cited the outdated aircraft as the reason but after they bo... | european union north korea | 1 | Why is North Korean Air Koryo banned from the European Union? -- (european union north korea)
<p>Air Koryo is currently banned from the European Union with the cited reason being safety. </p>

<p>Yet Air Koryo had its last accident with fatalities in 1983 thus being one of the safeties air companies in the worl... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,048 | Do parties support the mayor/city council candidates in a Canadian city? | <p>I voted in one prairie Canadian city for mayor and city council.<br>
In the country I was born, every mayor and counsellor is announced and supported by a party, which is known publicly.<br>
However, in this election I couldn't find anywhere such information: neither in their candidate profile, nor on intern... | election parties local government canada | 1 | Do parties support the mayor/city council candidates in a Canadian city? -- (election parties local government canada)
<p>I voted in one prairie Canadian city for mayor and city council.<br>
In the country I was born, every mayor and counsellor is announced and supported by a party, which is known publicly.<br>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,051 | What non-religious arguments, if any, are used against LGBT rights in general and marriage equality in particular? | <p>It appears to me that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_opposition" rel="noreferrer">opposition to marriage equality</a> comes primarily from religious groups, in particular from the Abrahamic religions. Quoting <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_opposition#Religious_reasons_for_opposi... | same sex marriage lgbt+ | 1 | What non-religious arguments, if any, are used against LGBT rights in general and marriage equality in particular? -- (same sex marriage lgbt+)
<p>It appears to me that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_opposition" rel="noreferrer">opposition to marriage equality</a> comes primarily from religious group... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,053 | What percentage of the 2013 budget does the sequester cuts represent? | <p>The sequester cuts to the growth in spending of the federal budget will result in a reduction in a increase in spending of <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/02/20/the-sequester-absolutely-everthing-you-could-possibly-need-to-know-in-one-faq/" rel="nofollow">$85 billion</a>.</p>

<... | united states budget | 1 | What percentage of the 2013 budget does the sequester cuts represent? -- (united states budget)
<p>The sequester cuts to the growth in spending of the federal budget will result in a reduction in a increase in spending of <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/02/20/the-sequester-absolutely-evert... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,056 | Where did all this deficit come from? | <p>Back in 2008, the deficit was somewhere around $200 billion, until the bank bailout, which was reported at first to be a 1-time bailout of $800 billion. The next year, there was the Stimulus package, which was reported to be around the same cost.</p>

<p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/U9c99.gif" alt="e... | united states debt | 1 | Where did all this deficit come from? -- (united states debt)
<p>Back in 2008, the deficit was somewhere around $200 billion, until the bank bailout, which was reported at first to be a 1-time bailout of $800 billion. The next year, there was the Stimulus package, which was reported to be around the same cost.</p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,059 | What is the difference between EFTA and the EU? | <p>In Iceland, which is an EFTA country, there is currently a debate raging about possibly joining the EU (and then adopting the Euro currency). Now one of the arguments put forward by those who are against an agreement is that the country would lose parts of its sovereignty.</p>

<p>Does anyone know the diffe... | european union | 1 | What is the difference between EFTA and the EU? -- (european union)
<p>In Iceland, which is an EFTA country, there is currently a debate raging about possibly joining the EU (and then adopting the Euro currency). Now one of the arguments put forward by those who are against an agreement is that the country would lose ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,062 | Why is the Reformed Political Party Youth the largest political youth organisation in The Netherlands? | <p>In The Netherlands, the Reformed Political Party Youth (Dutch: <em>Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij-jongeren</em>) is the largest political youth organisation, with 12000 members. They are allied to the Reformed Political Party (Dutch: <em>Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij</em> (SGP)), a theocratic organisation with ... | parties netherlands | 1 | Why is the Reformed Political Party Youth the largest political youth organisation in The Netherlands? -- (parties netherlands)
<p>In The Netherlands, the Reformed Political Party Youth (Dutch: <em>Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij-jongeren</em>) is the largest political youth organisation, with 12000 members. They are ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,067 | Do people in USA need official permission to demonstrate? | <p>In some countries, people who want to demonstrate need to get official permission from the Ministry of Home Affairs in advance. In order to get that, they have to elaborate their reason and specify the path they want to march through. If they can get the permission, then their demonstration is lawful. Otherwise, it ... | united states constitution | 1 | Do people in USA need official permission to demonstrate? -- (united states constitution)
<p>In some countries, people who want to demonstrate need to get official permission from the Ministry of Home Affairs in advance. In order to get that, they have to elaborate their reason and specify the path they want to march t... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,073 | Has the Library of Congress violated copyright by copying the entire Twitter database? | <p>The Library of Congress acquired the entire <a href="http://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2010/04/how-tweet-it-is-library-acquires-entire-twitter-archive/" rel="noreferrer">Twitter database</a> recently.</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>Every public tweet, ever, since Twitter’s inception in March 2006, will be archived digita... | united states copyright | 1 | Has the Library of Congress violated copyright by copying the entire Twitter database? -- (united states copyright)
<p>The Library of Congress acquired the entire <a href="http://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2010/04/how-tweet-it-is-library-acquires-entire-twitter-archive/" rel="noreferrer">Twitter database</a> recently.</p>
&... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,074 | Is it allowed in the United States to advertise for a peaceful political meeting in social networks against the government? | <p>Is it completely illegal and do people who have committed it have to face fines and punishments?</p>

<p>I asked because the same matter has negative consequences in some other countries. </p>
 | government advertising | 1 | Is it allowed in the United States to advertise for a peaceful political meeting in social networks against the government? -- (government advertising)
<p>Is it completely illegal and do people who have committed it have to face fines and punishments?</p>

<p>I asked because the same matter has negative consequ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,075 | When was the last face to face meeting between Iran government and USA government? | <p>While we know there is no official political relationship between Iran and USA, I want to know about the last one. I do not know about unofficial meetings or phone calls which may happen. </p>
 | united states international iran | 1 | When was the last face to face meeting between Iran government and USA government? -- (united states international iran)
<p>While we know there is no official political relationship between Iran and USA, I want to know about the last one. I do not know about unofficial meetings or phone calls which may happen. </p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,080 | If a bill was referred to a Committee, and died there, is there a way to tell what happened? | <p>In <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/1079/115">this answer</a>, I linked to a bill that was listed as dead in a Committee.</p>
<p>Another user asked what happened to the bill, why did it die and who supported/opposed it (votes or otherwise):</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>Where can I find the voting... | united states congress legislative process | 1 | If a bill was referred to a Committee, and died there, is there a way to tell what happened? -- (united states congress legislative process)
<p>In <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/1079/115">this answer</a>, I linked to a bill that was listed as dead in a Committee.</p>
<p>Another user asked what happen... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,081 | Given my list of convictions, which US party(ies) should I consider? | <p>Suppose I have the following political views:</p>

<ul>
<li><p>I am for greater government regulation of economy and oppose privatization</p></li>
<li><p>I am for greater taxes for the rich and less taxes for the poor</p></li>
<li><p>I am for free universal medical care and education</p></li>
... | united states parties | 1 | Given my list of convictions, which US party(ies) should I consider? -- (united states parties)
<p>Suppose I have the following political views:</p>

<ul>
<li><p>I am for greater government regulation of economy and oppose privatization</p></li>
<li><p>I am for greater taxes for the rich and less taxes ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,095 | Does non-religious opposition to feminism exist? If so, why? | <p>Feminism holds that men and women should have equal rights (e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism" rel="noreferrer">Feminism on Wikipedia</a>).</p>

<p>Preachers in many religions may preach that men and women are fundamentally different, and even that men are superior to women. Followers of su... | feminism | 1 | Does non-religious opposition to feminism exist? If so, why? -- (feminism)
<p>Feminism holds that men and women should have equal rights (e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism" rel="noreferrer">Feminism on Wikipedia</a>).</p>

<p>Preachers in many religions may preach that men and women are fundam... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,106 | What is the language of the Swiss national parliament? | <p>In the European union parliament, armies of translators translate every word into all other languages.</p>

<p>Switzerland is a country with 3–4 official languages: French, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss-German" rel="noreferrer">German</a>, Italian, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma... | parliament switzerland languages | 1 | What is the language of the Swiss national parliament? -- (parliament switzerland languages)
<p>In the European union parliament, armies of translators translate every word into all other languages.</p>

<p>Switzerland is a country with 3–4 official languages: French, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,107 | How is censorship on the radio constitutional? | <p>I listen to the radio from time to time and it really gets me thinking about how the censorship laws work. </p>

<p>With the Constitution granting freedom of speech I don't really understand how radio and TV stations can block out certain words. I also don't understand how it's possible for radio stations to... | united states constitution | 1 | How is censorship on the radio constitutional? -- (united states constitution)
<p>I listen to the radio from time to time and it really gets me thinking about how the censorship laws work. </p>

<p>With the Constitution granting freedom of speech I don't really understand how radio and TV stations can block out... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,115 | How did the Senate filibuster rules apply to Sen Rand Paul's filibuster? | <p>I understand the basics of a Senate Filibuster. But after Sen Rand Paul's filibuster on 3/6/2013 he was interviewed by CNN and mentioned:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The floor was left unguarded.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Was he referring to a specific Senate Rule that allows a filibuster to start? If... | united states congress senate rules filibuster | 1 | How did the Senate filibuster rules apply to Sen Rand Paul's filibuster? -- (united states congress senate rules filibuster)
<p>I understand the basics of a Senate Filibuster. But after Sen Rand Paul's filibuster on 3/6/2013 he was interviewed by CNN and mentioned:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>The floor was left ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,116 | What are the political consequences of an official apology for a governement? | <p>Tony Blair's hate of official apology impressed me a lot after reading these articles:</p>

<p><a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/.../Tony-Blair-admits-people-abusive-10-years-..." rel="nofollow">Tony Blair admits people are still 'very abusive' 10 years after he ...
</a> </p>

<p><a href="http:... | united kingdom political system policy international | 1 | What are the political consequences of an official apology for a governement? -- (united kingdom political system policy international)
<p>Tony Blair's hate of official apology impressed me a lot after reading these articles:</p>

<p><a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/.../Tony-Blair-admits-people-abusive-10-ye... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,124 | Who can be nominated for Governor of the Federal Reserve system? | <p>I know the President of USA appoints, and the US Congress confirms, the Governors of the Federal Reserve system, and that there can not be 2 Governors from the same Federal Reserve District, but can the President appoint anyone he chooses or does he have to appoint someone that belongs to one of 12 regional Federal ... | united states federal reserve | 1 | Who can be nominated for Governor of the Federal Reserve system? -- (united states federal reserve)
<p>I know the President of USA appoints, and the US Congress confirms, the Governors of the Federal Reserve system, and that there can not be 2 Governors from the same Federal Reserve District, but can the President appo... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,126 | Is it true that the US president can execute anyone without a trial? | <p>Sorry if this is a stupid question. I am not an American (i.e. Canadian) and I was speaking to a friend today and he told me that apparently Obama passed a law last year that gives the president the power to execute any American citizen without having an actual trial? Now please tell me this isn't true. Thanks.</p>&... | united states head of state | 1 | Is it true that the US president can execute anyone without a trial? -- (united states head of state)
<p>Sorry if this is a stupid question. I am not an American (i.e. Canadian) and I was speaking to a friend today and he told me that apparently Obama passed a law last year that gives the president the power to execute... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,130 | For the U.S. Christian Right, are Sunday store openings an issue? | <p>In The Netherlands and many other European countries, stores are (or were until recently) closed on Sundays, and particularly Christian parties (strongly) oppose allowing stores to be open on Sundays, arguing that Sunday is the day of God and that stores should be closed. (Labour unions also often oppose Sunday ope... | united states religion | 1 | For the U.S. Christian Right, are Sunday store openings an issue? -- (united states religion)
<p>In The Netherlands and many other European countries, stores are (or were until recently) closed on Sundays, and particularly Christian parties (strongly) oppose allowing stores to be open on Sundays, arguing that Sunday is... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,139 | Does Geneva Convention apply to countries which aren't signatories? | <p>In a hypothetical situation, if a country which is a signatory to a Geneva Convention is fighting a war against a country which is NOT a signatory, is the former country <strong>obligated</strong> to abide by Geneva Convention rules in this conflict?</p>

<p>Or is that only <strong>legally</strong> applicabl... | international rules of war geneva convention | 1 | Does Geneva Convention apply to countries which aren't signatories? -- (international rules of war geneva convention)
<p>In a hypothetical situation, if a country which is a signatory to a Geneva Convention is fighting a war against a country which is NOT a signatory, is the former country <strong>obligated</strong> to... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,154 | How come Gerrymandering is still legal? | <p>I just came across a <a href="http://mls-classics.tumblr.com/post/45319463854/the-new-7th-congressional-district-in-pennsylvania" rel="noreferrer">post</a> on tumblr including some congressional district borders.</p>

<p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/fZRyO.png" alt="gm1">
<img src="https://i.stack.... | united states law gerrymandering | 1 | How come Gerrymandering is still legal? -- (united states law gerrymandering)
<p>I just came across a <a href="http://mls-classics.tumblr.com/post/45319463854/the-new-7th-congressional-district-in-pennsylvania" rel="noreferrer">post</a> on tumblr including some congressional district borders.</p>

<p><img src="... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,160 | Is it common for anti-war groups to oppose nuclear power? | <p>I came across the article <a href="http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/dont-make-the-mistake-we-did-fukushima-survivor-to-queensland-20130312-2fy0j.html#ixzz2Nb3UWUDm" rel="nofollow">'Don't make the mistake we did': Fukushima survivor to Queensland</a>, which mentions the Japanese organization Peace Boat (<a ... | nuclear weapons japan | 1 | Is it common for anti-war groups to oppose nuclear power? -- (nuclear weapons japan)
<p>I came across the article <a href="http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/dont-make-the-mistake-we-did-fukushima-survivor-to-queensland-20130312-2fy0j.html#ixzz2Nb3UWUDm" rel="nofollow">'Don't make the mistake we did': Fukushima... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,167 | Does SCOTUS have jurisdiction over all federal cases, or must it go through "normal channels?" | <p>In the United States, what are the required steps before the Supreme Court can hear a case?</p>

<p>Obviously, we are assuming the court would have jurisdiction (e.g., it would need to be a federal - not a state matter, and there would have to be an actual case, not just a desire), but once a legitimate suit... | united states supreme court | 1 | Does SCOTUS have jurisdiction over all federal cases, or must it go through "normal channels?" -- (united states supreme court)
<p>In the United States, what are the required steps before the Supreme Court can hear a case?</p>

<p>Obviously, we are assuming the court would have jurisdiction (e.g., it would need... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,174 | Why doesn't the Shadow Chancellor give the UK budget response? | <p>Why is the budget response just given by the Leader of the Opposition rather than the Shadow Chancellor, who sits next to him?</p>
 | united kingdom economy parliament budget | 1 | Why doesn't the Shadow Chancellor give the UK budget response? -- (united kingdom economy parliament budget)
<p>Why is the budget response just given by the Leader of the Opposition rather than the Shadow Chancellor, who sits next to him?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,184 | Where can I get world-wide statistics about discretionary income and similar indicators? | <p>I'm looking for recent data on discretionary incomes and their distributions in different countries and don't know where to find it. I've only found some older article by the New York Times, but am looking for a general and reputable source as opposed to journal articles. </p>

<p>Is there a general and resp... | indicators income | 1 | Where can I get world-wide statistics about discretionary income and similar indicators? -- (indicators income)
<p>I'm looking for recent data on discretionary incomes and their distributions in different countries and don't know where to find it. I've only found some older article by the New York Times, but am looking... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,186 | What is the business case for the general electorate in requiring hairdressers to be licensed? | <p>In the United States (and in many other countries!), there are several professions in which it is illegal to practice without a license. While most states typically handle these schemes, even Congress was afforded the power in Article I, Section 8, under the Commerce Clause, making such schemes even potentially fed... | law labor | 1 | What is the business case for the general electorate in requiring hairdressers to be licensed? -- (law labor)
<p>In the United States (and in many other countries!), there are several professions in which it is illegal to practice without a license. While most states typically handle these schemes, even Congress was a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,192 | Did the USA ever officially apologize for shooting down "Iran Air Flight 655" in 3 July of 1988? | <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_655">Iran Air Flight 655 was a civilian jet airliner shot down by U.S. missiles on 3 July 1988</a> as it flew over the Strait of Hormuz at the end of the Iran–Iraq War. 290 innocent civilians (252 Iranians and 38 non Iranians) died when the U.S. Navy shot down i... | united states war iran war crime | 1 | Did the USA ever officially apologize for shooting down "Iran Air Flight 655" in 3 July of 1988? -- (united states war iran war crime)
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_655">Iran Air Flight 655 was a civilian jet airliner shot down by U.S. missiles on 3 July 1988</a> as it flew over the Strait o... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,198 | Is there any resource which tracks the accuracy of Stratfor's predictions/forecasts? | <p><a href="http://www.stratfor.com/about" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Stratfor Global Intelligence</a> is a reasonably high profile private company which uses publicly available information and geopolitical methodology to analyze the situation in the world and provides the analysis to the subscribers.</p>

<p>Al... | geopolitics forecasting data sources | 1 | Is there any resource which tracks the accuracy of Stratfor's predictions/forecasts? -- (geopolitics forecasting data sources)
<p><a href="http://www.stratfor.com/about" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Stratfor Global Intelligence</a> is a reasonably high profile private company which uses publicly available information and ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,200 | Are clergy required to perform interracial and/or same-sex marriages in the United States? | <p>In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loving_v._Virginia">Loving v. Virginia</a>, the United States Supreme Court invalidated laws against interracial marriages. This, along with laws around equal protection and non-discrimination made for a compelling argument that the right of marriage could not be denied on a... | united states law religion lgbt+ same sex marriage | 1 | Are clergy required to perform interracial and/or same-sex marriages in the United States? -- (united states law religion lgbt+ same sex marriage)
<p>In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loving_v._Virginia">Loving v. Virginia</a>, the United States Supreme Court invalidated laws against interracial marriages. This... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,202 | Illegal vs Unconstitutional | <p>In U.S. politics what is the difference between something being illegal vs unconstitutional?</p>

<p>My current understanding (as a non-US person): </p>

<ul>
<li>Wouldn't something illegal automatically be unconstitutional (laws flow from the constitution), the legality overrides the constituti... | united states law constitution | 1 | Illegal vs Unconstitutional -- (united states law constitution)
<p>In U.S. politics what is the difference between something being illegal vs unconstitutional?</p>

<p>My current understanding (as a non-US person): </p>

<ul>
<li>Wouldn't something illegal automatically be unconstitutional (laws fl... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,206 | What effect does state-level refusal to accept the ACA's medicaid expansion have on the ACA's cost? | <p>The Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare") was projected by the Congressional Budget Office to <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/budget-office-obamas-health-law-reduces-deficit-182759278.html" rel="nofollow">reduce the national deficit</a>. When Obamacare went to the Supreme Court, the court ruled that it was constitutional... | united states debt healthcare | 1 | What effect does state-level refusal to accept the ACA's medicaid expansion have on the ACA's cost? -- (united states debt healthcare)
<p>The Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare") was projected by the Congressional Budget Office to <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/budget-office-obamas-health-law-reduces-deficit-182759278.htm... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,208 | How dangerous a threat does North Korea pose to the world? | <p>Current news states that North Korea have been ignoring UN resolutions on nuclear development, and have gone ahead with development and testing of nuclear weapons. They have stated that they can, and if necessary, will go ahead with a nuclear strike on the US, thus bringing into action, a US counteraction in the pac... | united states war nuclear weapons united nations north korea | 1 | How dangerous a threat does North Korea pose to the world? -- (united states war nuclear weapons united nations north korea)
<p>Current news states that North Korea have been ignoring UN resolutions on nuclear development, and have gone ahead with development and testing of nuclear weapons. They have stated that they c... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,211 | Why is denying global warming associated with conservatives? | <p>I'm not asking for arguments about whether global warming is true. I'm asking why denying the presence of global warming is primarily associated with a conservative political affiliation.</p>

<p>I am looking for judgment-free answers.</p>
 | parties conservatism science climate change | 1 | Why is denying global warming associated with conservatives? -- (parties conservatism science climate change)
<p>I'm not asking for arguments about whether global warming is true. I'm asking why denying the presence of global warming is primarily associated with a conservative political affiliation.</p>

<p>I a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,236 | What was the reasoning behind putting the right to keep and bear arms in the US Constitution? | <p>The Second Amendment is currently the focus of both sides with some claiming they are trying to protect it, and others trying to curtail the rights that others claim it was intended to protect.</p>

<p>So what was the reasoning for including the "Right to Keep and Bear Arms" in the bill of rights?</p>
&#... | united states constitution bill of rights | 1 | What was the reasoning behind putting the right to keep and bear arms in the US Constitution? -- (united states constitution bill of rights)
<p>The Second Amendment is currently the focus of both sides with some claiming they are trying to protect it, and others trying to curtail the rights that others claim it was int... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,237 | What governmental power does the Monarch hold in Great Britain in practice? | <p>We have been led to believe that much of the power that was once held by the monarchy has been transferred to the Parliament and that the Queen is mostly a figurehead. However, the government is still referred to as <em>Her Majesty's Government</em>. </p>

<p><strong>What governmental powers does the Monarch... | united kingdom monarchy power | 1 | What governmental power does the Monarch hold in Great Britain in practice? -- (united kingdom monarchy power)
<p>We have been led to believe that much of the power that was once held by the monarchy has been transferred to the Parliament and that the Queen is mostly a figurehead. However, the government is still refer... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,244 | What are the reasons for not letting protection against the criminals be left to trained professionals? | <p>People who support gun ownership frequently state that one of the reasons for doing so is that people who own guns should be able to do so to protect from criminals.</p>

<p>What are the arguments that people <strong><em>need</em></strong> to protect themselves against criminals, and not let the trained prof... | united states guns | 1 | What are the reasons for not letting protection against the criminals be left to trained professionals? -- (united states guns)
<p>People who support gun ownership frequently state that one of the reasons for doing so is that people who own guns should be able to do so to protect from criminals.</p>

<p>What ar... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,255 | Why do Australians want to remain under British monarchy? | <p>If I am not wrong they once voted against being a republic country some years ago. I understand Australians and feel sympathy for them about that they are different from some other countries which they were under British monarchy like India. They have many similarities with their famous grandmother and do not feel t... | australia monarchy independence | 1 | Why do Australians want to remain under British monarchy? -- (australia monarchy independence)
<p>If I am not wrong they once voted against being a republic country some years ago. I understand Australians and feel sympathy for them about that they are different from some other countries which they were under British m... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,256 | What is the economic argument for taxing sales at the place of purchaser instead of the place of provider? | <h2><strong>tl;dr></strong> When a transaction occurs over the internet, why do you collect sales tax in the purchaser's home state, and not the producers?</h2>
<p>This article in <a href="http://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21575785-both-parties-are-getting-keener-tax-sales-internet-click-and-pay" rel=... | internet taxes | 1 | What is the economic argument for taxing sales at the place of purchaser instead of the place of provider? -- (internet taxes)
<h2><strong>tl;dr></strong> When a transaction occurs over the internet, why do you collect sales tax in the purchaser's home state, and not the producers?</h2>
<p>This article in <a hr... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,263 | Does Israel control where its own Arab Citizens can buy land? | <p>British MP Galloway, says in <a href="http://youtu.be/n-qV6IJm_F4?t=44m30s" rel="noreferrer">this video</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p><em>"Israel precludes Arab citizens of its own state from buying property and land inside that state except in carefully controlled Arab villages."</em></p>
</blockquote... | israel land | 1 | Does Israel control where its own Arab Citizens can buy land? -- (israel land)
<p>British MP Galloway, says in <a href="http://youtu.be/n-qV6IJm_F4?t=44m30s" rel="noreferrer">this video</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p><em>"Israel precludes Arab citizens of its own state from buying property and land inside that... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,279 | Why is Japan more revisionist about its World War II era actions than Germany? | <p>Germany and Japan both committed horrific crimes against humanity in the lead up to, and during world war II. Both countries are now more or less democracies. Yet the two countries seem to have dealt with its past very differently.</p>

<p>Germany is very vigorous in preventing denial of the holocaust, and p... | history japan germany historiography world war ii | 1 | Why is Japan more revisionist about its World War II era actions than Germany? -- (history japan germany historiography world war ii)
<p>Germany and Japan both committed horrific crimes against humanity in the lead up to, and during world war II. Both countries are now more or less democracies. Yet the two countries se... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,291 | US Foreign Aid Accountability | <p>When the United States gives money to foreign countries for some stated purpose, who checks to see that the money we give them actually goes to where it was intended? Also does this supposed audit of U.S. aid ever get published in any documents accessible to the general public?</p>
 | united states international money foreign policy | 1 | US Foreign Aid Accountability -- (united states international money foreign policy)
<p>When the United States gives money to foreign countries for some stated purpose, who checks to see that the money we give them actually goes to where it was intended? Also does this supposed audit of U.S. aid ever get published in an... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,292 | Is the "War on Terror" successful? How can success be determined? | <p>The "War on Terror" was declared on 20<sup>th</sup> September 2001; officially it has not ended.</p>

<p>According to <a href="http://nation.time.com/2011/06/29/the-5-trillion-war-on-terror/">Time Magazine</a> the estimated cost of the "War on Terror" is 5 trillion USD (2001-2011). Which is roughly 30% of th... | united states war terrorism | 1 | Is the "War on Terror" successful? How can success be determined? -- (united states war terrorism)
<p>The "War on Terror" was declared on 20<sup>th</sup> September 2001; officially it has not ended.</p>

<p>According to <a href="http://nation.time.com/2011/06/29/the-5-trillion-war-on-terror/">Time Magazine</a> ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,302 | Why does the "Right to Privacy" not apply to reparative therapy? | <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy#Self-determination" rel="nofollow">Reparative Therapy</a>, sometimes called Conversion Therapy or "Pray away the Gay" is a form of counseling which is sought by some people in order to change a perceived sexual orientation. While there is no evidence that it w... | lgbt+ privacy abortion | 1 | Why does the "Right to Privacy" not apply to reparative therapy? -- (lgbt+ privacy abortion)
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy#Self-determination" rel="nofollow">Reparative Therapy</a>, sometimes called Conversion Therapy or "Pray away the Gay" is a form of counseling which is sought by some p... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,318 | Why did the Public Option get cut from the Affordable Care Act | <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_insurance_option#Criticism" rel="nofollow">The Public Option</a> is a public healthcare insurance agency that would still charge premiums like any other insurance agency, and would survive on it's own profits. </p>

<p>It was originally part of the <a href... | united states healthcare | 1 | Why did the Public Option get cut from the Affordable Care Act -- (united states healthcare)
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_insurance_option#Criticism" rel="nofollow">The Public Option</a> is a public healthcare insurance agency that would still charge premiums like any other insurance agency, a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,319 | Is there a website or online database of what policies different politicians have voted for? | <p>Ideally I think there should be an accessible website where people can make informed decisions on who they want to vote for based on the past actions of politicians. If this does not exist, any information about databases or APIs with this kind of information would be appreciated.</p>

<p>I'm especially look... | democracy direct democracy transparency direct action | 1 | Is there a website or online database of what policies different politicians have voted for? -- (democracy direct democracy transparency direct action)
<p>Ideally I think there should be an accessible website where people can make informed decisions on who they want to vote for based on the past actions of politicians.... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,328 | Is a current sentence changed if the law that provided the sentence is also changed? | <p>To my knowledge, there are a number of people in prison for possessing/using marijuana. There was a recent Pew poll that said more Americans support legalization now more than ever. </p>

<p>If I were imprisoned for some period of time (say three months) and, during those three months, the law no longer dict... | united states law | 1 | Is a current sentence changed if the law that provided the sentence is also changed? -- (united states law)
<p>To my knowledge, there are a number of people in prison for possessing/using marijuana. There was a recent Pew poll that said more Americans support legalization now more than ever. </p>

<p>If I were ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,340 | Are there currently more wars being fought inside of a country or externally? | <p>All the talk about war in the media as been me wonder is there more Civil Wars or International Wars going on in the world today? </p>
 | war | 1 | Are there currently more wars being fought inside of a country or externally? -- (war)
<p>All the talk about war in the media as been me wonder is there more Civil Wars or International Wars going on in the world today? </p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,343 | How "right to food" is implemented in Western countries? | <p>Some sources (such as Amnesty International) <a href="http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=topic&tocid=4565c2252f&toid=4565c25f3dd&publisher=AMNESTY&type=&coi=&docid=4a7948a52&skip=0" rel="noreferrer">claim</a> that denial of "right to food" in North Korea violates intern... | human rights | 1 | How "right to food" is implemented in Western countries? -- (human rights)
<p>Some sources (such as Amnesty International) <a href="http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=topic&tocid=4565c2252f&toid=4565c25f3dd&publisher=AMNESTY&type=&coi=&docid=4a7948a52&skip=0" rel="noreferr... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,345 | Which open source licenses have been tested in a US or EU court? | <p>I'd like to know if there are any particular open source licenses or family of licenses that have been established in case law in the US or the European Union, and links to said case law if possible.</p>

<p>In other words, I'd like to know which licenses have been tested in a court of law, legally recognise... | united states european union copyright | 1 | Which open source licenses have been tested in a US or EU court? -- (united states european union copyright)
<p>I'd like to know if there are any particular open source licenses or family of licenses that have been established in case law in the US or the European Union, and links to said case law if possible.</p>
... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,348 | What is the Miranda exemption and what are its implications? | <p>The Boston Marathon bombing suspect, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, was not read his Miranda rights immediately due to a "public safety" exemption:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>A senior United States official said Monday that federal authorities invoked a public safety exemption to standard criminal procedures and questio... | united states police public safety | 1 | What is the Miranda exemption and what are its implications? -- (united states police public safety)
<p>The Boston Marathon bombing suspect, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, was not read his Miranda rights immediately due to a "public safety" exemption:</p>

<blockquote>
 <p>A senior United States official said Monday t... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,361 | What are real-world examples of the "Slippery Slope"? | <p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slippery_slope" rel="nofollow noreferrer">"slippery slope"</a> is an argument, considered by some as legitimate, and others as imaginary, that suggests once a law or attitude sets a precedent, it will more easily/ inevitably be corrupted or abused.</p>

<p>Are there... | law corruption | 1 | What are real-world examples of the "Slippery Slope"? -- (law corruption)
<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slippery_slope" rel="nofollow noreferrer">"slippery slope"</a> is an argument, considered by some as legitimate, and others as imaginary, that suggests once a law or attitude sets a precedent, it will... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,365 | How did the term "Liberal" become "Progressive"? | <p>Democrats and similar left affiliations used to be known universally as liberals. In recent years, I've heard them referred to as progressives. </p>

<ul>
<li>Why the change?</li>
<li>Are liberals and progressives basically the same thing, or different?</li>
</ul>
 | ideology liberalism | 1 | How did the term "Liberal" become "Progressive"? -- (ideology liberalism)
<p>Democrats and similar left affiliations used to be known universally as liberals. In recent years, I've heard them referred to as progressives. </p>

<ul>
<li>Why the change?</li>
<li>Are liberals and progressives basically the... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,379 | Do/did non-dictatorial Capitalist societies exist? | <p>This question is sparked by <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/586/do-did-non-dictatorial-communist-societies-exist">another one</a> about Communism.</p>

<p>Was there any Capitalist society (that is having market economy) where all power (including power over means of production) belonged... | democracy capitalism | 1 | Do/did non-dictatorial Capitalist societies exist? -- (democracy capitalism)
<p>This question is sparked by <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/questions/586/do-did-non-dictatorial-communist-societies-exist">another one</a> about Communism.</p>

<p>Was there any Capitalist society (that is having market... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,385 | Has any major politician recently called for a "New Rome?" | <p>I am working on a "geopolitical" novel in which Italy, Greece, and Turkey combine to form a "New Roman Republic." (Spain joins later.) These are self-consciously "Mediterranean" countries tht define themselves in opposition to a "Nordic" bloc.</p>

<p>Since World War II, has any major politician or political... | europe | 1 | Has any major politician recently called for a "New Rome?" -- (europe)
<p>I am working on a "geopolitical" novel in which Italy, Greece, and Turkey combine to form a "New Roman Republic." (Spain joins later.) These are self-consciously "Mediterranean" countries tht define themselves in opposition to a "Nordic" bloc.</p... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,387 | Do new Italian citizens get to vote for the Senate? | <p>In Italy when you come of age you can't immediately vote for the Senate: you have to wait till you are 25 for that (you can normally vote for pretty much everything else).</p>

<p>If you acquire your citizenship at a later date, do you immediately get to vote for the Senate if you already are above 25 years ... | voting italy citizenship | 1 | Do new Italian citizens get to vote for the Senate? -- (voting italy citizenship)
<p>In Italy when you come of age you can't immediately vote for the Senate: you have to wait till you are 25 for that (you can normally vote for pretty much everything else).</p>

<p>If you acquire your citizenship at a later date... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,389 | How would a Marxist classify an entrepreneur that starts their own company? | <p>This would probably apply equally to all software engineers that formed their own company, whether it is Mark Zuckerburg, Noland Bushnell, or David Crane. These entrepreneurs started their companies with very little money. Legend has it Atari was founded on $500, Activision received $650,000 in venture capital, and ... | marxism | 1 | How would a Marxist classify an entrepreneur that starts their own company? -- (marxism)
<p>This would probably apply equally to all software engineers that formed their own company, whether it is Mark Zuckerburg, Noland Bushnell, or David Crane. These entrepreneurs started their companies with very little money. Legen... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,392 | Is "Illegal immigrant" a legal term and will the AP's decision not to use it have a major effect? | <p>The Associated Press decided to recommend against the use of the phrase "illegal immigrant". </p>

<ul>
<li><p>What is the legal term for someone who crosses a border and resides in a country that they are not legally allowed entry to? </p></li>
<li><p>Does the AP play such a big role in the western ... | terminology immigration | 1 | Is "Illegal immigrant" a legal term and will the AP's decision not to use it have a major effect? -- (terminology immigration)
<p>The Associated Press decided to recommend against the use of the phrase "illegal immigrant". </p>

<ul>
<li><p>What is the legal term for someone who crosses a border and resides... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,394 | Was Gerald Ford's experience of losing a close election after being given a chance to correct a speech and failing to do so, unusual? | <p>In a 1976 debate with Governor Jimmy Carter, (sitting) President Gerald Ford (in)famously said, "Eastern Europe is not under Soviet domination."</p>

<p><a href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1844704_1844706_1844449,00.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.time.com/time/spec... | campaigning | 1 | Was Gerald Ford's experience of losing a close election after being given a chance to correct a speech and failing to do so, unusual? -- (campaigning)
<p>In a 1976 debate with Governor Jimmy Carter, (sitting) President Gerald Ford (in)famously said, "Eastern Europe is not under Soviet domination."</p>

<p><a hr... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,409 | Why does the U.S grant visas via lottery? | <p>It is reasonable to grant a visa for education or investment but <a href="https://www.dvlottery.state.gov" rel="nofollow noreferrer">granting it by chance</a> seems odd.</p>

<p>I'm not sure if any other country does the same but there should be reason(s) for this (except giving a chance to people from undev... | united states immigration policy diversity visa lottery | 1 | Why does the U.S grant visas via lottery? -- (united states immigration policy diversity visa lottery)
<p>It is reasonable to grant a visa for education or investment but <a href="https://www.dvlottery.state.gov" rel="nofollow noreferrer">granting it by chance</a> seems odd.</p>

<p>I'm not sure if any other co... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,410 | Is retrospective legislation legal in Australia? | <p>In 2011, the Commonwealth passed legislation making it a crime for recipients of social security to fail to report changes to their financial circumstances to Centrelink (our social security agency) within 14 days (<em>Social Security and Other Legislation 
(Miscellaneous Measures) Act 2011(Cth)</em> ). This leg... | constitution legislation australia judiciary | 1 | Is retrospective legislation legal in Australia? -- (constitution legislation australia judiciary)
<p>In 2011, the Commonwealth passed legislation making it a crime for recipients of social security to fail to report changes to their financial circumstances to Centrelink (our social security agency) within 14 days (<em... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,430 | What age group is more likely to participate in social change/protesting movements/actions? | <p>The 68' movement consisted of students and the occupy movement seems to mainly consist of people younger than 40 (<a href="http://www.statisticbrain.com/occupy-wall-street-statistics-and-demographics/">source</a>).</p>

<p>I'm wondering if there is an age group that is more likely to protest the status quo a... | protests | 1 | What age group is more likely to participate in social change/protesting movements/actions? -- (protests)
<p>The 68' movement consisted of students and the occupy movement seems to mainly consist of people younger than 40 (<a href="http://www.statisticbrain.com/occupy-wall-street-statistics-and-demographics/">source</a... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,435 | What is the Benghazi controversy? | <p>Recently, I've been hearing bits and pieces regarding some controversy involving the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Benghazi_attack#Criticism_of_U.S._government_response" rel="noreferrer">2012 Benghazi embassy attack</a></p>

<p>Although It's not hard to find stories about the controversy , I've ... | united states embassy libya state department | 1 | What is the Benghazi controversy? -- (united states embassy libya state department)
<p>Recently, I've been hearing bits and pieces regarding some controversy involving the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Benghazi_attack#Criticism_of_U.S._government_response" rel="noreferrer">2012 Benghazi embassy attack</a><... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,439 | Why do comparable states differ in corruption? | <p>Given the 2012 Corruption Perception Index from Transparency International, why do states commonly considered equivalent in terms of geo-political or economic situation vary in terms of perceived public sector corruption? (<a href="http://www.transparency.org/cpi2012/results" rel="nofollow">http://www.transparency.o... | corruption | 1 | Why do comparable states differ in corruption? -- (corruption)
<p>Given the 2012 Corruption Perception Index from Transparency International, why do states commonly considered equivalent in terms of geo-political or economic situation vary in terms of perceived public sector corruption? (<a href="http://www.transparenc... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,443 | Why is targeted scrutiny from the IRS bad? | <p>There has been a lot of talk in the news recently about the IRS targeting various applications for tax-exempt organizations and scrutinizing their application more closely. These applications typically have the words "tea-party" or "patriot" in the name or description. It is my understanding these tax-exempt applica... | taxes | 1 | Why is targeted scrutiny from the IRS bad? -- (taxes)
<p>There has been a lot of talk in the news recently about the IRS targeting various applications for tax-exempt organizations and scrutinizing their application more closely. These applications typically have the words "tea-party" or "patriot" in the name or descri... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,454 | Can a sportive competition convey a political message too? | <p><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/14/us-olympics-wrestling-un-idUSBRE94D0Z820130514" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Reuter reports</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The United States, Iran and Russia may be at odds over issues including Syria's civil war and Tehran's nuclear ambitions, but on Tuesday their w... | united states policy iran | 1 | Can a sportive competition convey a political message too? -- (united states policy iran)
<p><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/14/us-olympics-wrestling-un-idUSBRE94D0Z820130514" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Reuter reports</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The United States, Iran and Russia may be at odds over... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,482 | Does standard of living correlate with higher education? | <p>This question aims at the correlation between a societies standard of living and standard of formal education.</p>

<p>For example, over the past century, America has had the fortune of being a place with a high standard of living, relative to most of the world.</p>

<p>However, it is hard to ignore,... | united states economy policy education society | 1 | Does standard of living correlate with higher education? -- (united states economy policy education society)
<p>This question aims at the correlation between a societies standard of living and standard of formal education.</p>

<p>For example, over the past century, America has had the fortune of being a place ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,488 | A chart of the number of UN members by year | <p>Is there a chart somewhere that would show the number of UN member states by year?</p>
 | united nations | 1 | A chart of the number of UN members by year -- (united nations)
<p>Is there a chart somewhere that would show the number of UN member states by year?</p>
 | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,491 | Why and how did Zambia stop accepting USD as internal currency? | <p>There are plenty of articles stating that while in Zambia it was common to accept USD as currency, this is no longer true, and instead now everyone has to use the local currency ZMW.</p>

<p>None of the articles I've managed to find, however, explains neither <em>why</em> did Zambia chose to enact such a pol... | currency | 1 | Why and how did Zambia stop accepting USD as internal currency? -- (currency)
<p>There are plenty of articles stating that while in Zambia it was common to accept USD as currency, this is no longer true, and instead now everyone has to use the local currency ZMW.</p>

<p>None of the articles I've managed to fin... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,511 | For what reasons does India claim a permanent seat in UNSC? | <p>Currently, there are five permanent members of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council%E2%80%8E" rel="noreferrer">United Nations Security Council</a>. India with other three nations, through <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G4_nations" rel="noreferrer">G4</a>, is demanding a perman... | united nations india | 1 | For what reasons does India claim a permanent seat in UNSC? -- (united nations india)
<p>Currently, there are five permanent members of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council%E2%80%8E" rel="noreferrer">United Nations Security Council</a>. India with other three nations, through <a href="h... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,527 | How high must a craft fly in order to not be in foreign airspace? | <p>When flying over another country's airspace, the laws of that country apply. Alcohol, for example, can be banned on certain flights due to international recognition of a foreign power's rights.</p>

<p>That said, spy satellites, Voyager, and the International Space Station don't seem to fall under these rule... | borders sovereignty space | 1 | How high must a craft fly in order to not be in foreign airspace? -- (borders sovereignty space)
<p>When flying over another country's airspace, the laws of that country apply. Alcohol, for example, can be banned on certain flights due to international recognition of a foreign power's rights.</p>

<p>That said,... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,529 | Did Hezbollah ever have a flag with a nuclear mushroom cloud on it? | <p>In <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsGUYnFAvdY#t=95s" rel="nofollow">this video</a> Salman Rushdie claims Hezbollah and Hamas was using mushroom clouds as their flag (1:31). Christopher Hitchens claims the Hezbollah's party symbol and flag was a mushroom cloud in Beirut (1:45). Is any of this true? </p>
 | nuclear weapons symbols hezbollah | 1 | Did Hezbollah ever have a flag with a nuclear mushroom cloud on it? -- (nuclear weapons symbols hezbollah)
<p>In <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsGUYnFAvdY#t=95s" rel="nofollow">this video</a> Salman Rushdie claims Hezbollah and Hamas was using mushroom clouds as their flag (1:31). Christopher Hitchens claims ... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
1,536 | Why are demonstrations in the EU more violent and massive than in the US? | <p>To be honest I haven't seen in the US a massive riots with burning cars, destroying McDonalds and flying Molotov cocktails like here:</p>

<p>Athens War Zone: Latest dramatic footage of Syntagma square riots
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAuDLJ8q7C4">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAuDLJ8q7C4</... | united states european union protests anarchism | 1 | Why are demonstrations in the EU more violent and massive than in the US? -- (united states european union protests anarchism)
<p>To be honest I haven't seen in the US a massive riots with burning cars, destroying McDonalds and flying Molotov cocktails like here:</p>

<p>Athens War Zone: Latest dramatic footage... | habedi/stack-exchange-dataset |
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