input string | output dict |
|---|---|
Gender analyses revealed that 90% of women and 84% of men reported improvement. Respondents reported that, among children under 18, 85% demonstrated some form of improvement, 13% no improvement, and 2% worsening. Outcomes for children varied by age and gender, with 98% of adolescent girls (12-17 years) showing improvem... | {
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**Poverty is associated with tangibly inferior living conditions, worse healthcare coverage,**
**more frequently children being out of school, and having to skip meals**
Refugee households with members living in poverty were found to more often not report feeling safe when walking alone in their neighborhood after da... | {
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_Note:_ Figure 4 shows the main treatment coefficients using the baseline estimation strategy (with DHS individuallevel data; see table 4 for more information), but with different distance cutoffs (10 km, 20 km, 30 km, 40 km, and
50 km). *** p<0.01, **p<0.05, *p<0.1.
The results above suggest substantial heterogeneity... | {
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"text": "DHS individuallevel data"
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"text": "DHS individual-level data"
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"vague_data": [
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"text": "DHS individual level data"
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} |
In the model, shocks were calibrated using data for 2022-2024. In the case of 2022, we adjusted the data to reflect refugee arrivals after February, fixing their share at roughly 2.6 percent of the population per PESEL registry figures. We then calibrated refugee employment to match the NBP’s 2022 survey (NBP, 2024), t... | {
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"text": "NBP’s 2022 survey"
},
{
"text": "2024 SEIS survey"
},
{
"text": "UNHCR’s 2023 MSNA"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "PESEL registry figures"
},
{
"text": "National ... |
First, the employment rate of Polish citizens has been growing since the Ukrainian refugee influx, while the unemployment rate has been falling. This is particularly evident among women, who make up the majority of refugees. The employment rate for women aged 20-64 has grown consistently from 68.2% in Q2 2021 to 70.2% ... | {
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unallocated), the gap in social contributions bases towards Polish citizens narrows.
The largest group (16%) is positioned between 90% and 100% of Polish citizens (median 93%). This is an improvement over two years, when the majority (13%) situated between only 80% and 90% (median 82%). [12]
---
[12] Unfortunately, th... | {
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In Brazil, refugees can choose between accessing the asylum system or applying for a residency
as a complementary form of protection. Both options ensure freedom of movement, access to
formal employment, education, healthcare, and social assistance. However, only those who apply
for asylum are explicitly safeguarded ag... | {
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It is also important to highlight that there were slight differences in the questionnaire across countries. Not all questions were consistently included in all country-level surveys, and some answer options were individually adjusted.
Lastly, the survey was conducted during the summer months, coinciding with both host... | {
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"text": "country-level surveys"
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rates have grown, and unemployment rates have fallen. Second, poviats in which the employment share of Ukrainian refugees has grown by 1 percentage point, experienced higher by 0.5 percentage point Polish citizens employment rates, and 0.3 percentage point lower unemployment rates. Third, there is no evidence of lowere... | {
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} |
Regional protection monitoring harmonization outcomes
In line with the outcomes of the Regional IDP Stocktaking held on 25 February 2022, the Regional Bureau for
Southern Africa undertook an ambitious project to harmonize the protection monitoring activities conducted in the
region. The envisioned regional harmonizati... | {
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} |
Source: Deloitte own elaboration based on SEIS survey, NBP (2024) survey. Monthly GUS median wage in the general economy has been recalculated to reflect the specific time periods of SEIS UNHCR and NBP (2024) surveys.
Source: Deloitte own elaboration based on Eurostat Labour Force Survey data SEIS UNHCR survey conduct... | {
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} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE problems, and in each age group females reporting more problems than males, except among children under the age of 11, where boys reported slightly more problems than girls.
These overall upward trends underscore that, even in the third year of the ... | {
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} |
The districts are small, and some mines are located in border regions. We thus expect there to
be spillovers across district borders. For example, a mine can change demand for labor,
agricultural produce, and services across the district border, and induce reallocation of work
across districts. We explore neighbor s... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
24 Due to possible differences in methodologies data from this surveys should not be directly compared 25 Elementary occupations include: Cleaners and helpers; Agricultural, forestry and fishery labourers; Labourers in mining, construction, manufacturing and transport; Food preparation assistants; Street and related sa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Refugee receiving and hosting countries have shown generosity and kept borders open while adapting to a protracted stay of the refugees as the situation in Ukraine remains volatile and prospects for refugees returning home remain grim. Under the Temporary Protection Directive or other protection mechanisms implemented ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_5_ For the purpose of this analysis, the category that refers to “basic and essential services” regards denial of, or unequal access to basic
services, the category “family life” is linked to family separation or inability to exercise family unit, and “life incidents” are linked to
enforced disappearance.
_6_ [ACNUR (... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**the younger age groups.** Ukrainian
refugee incomes from employment are highest in the 25–34 and 35–44 age groups. However, relative to the economy as a whole, the wages of Ukrainian refugees are the highest in the youngest age groups and decrease with age. This can be explained by three facts. First, wages in the yo... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
8 A household is defined to fall below the poverty line if its members fall below the poverty line on individual basis (the equivalized income of all household members is the same) 9 Its magnitude can be computed as the difference between the median equivalized market rent in the region and the actual equivalized accom... | {
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12,294 individuals, of which 7,491 men live within 100 km of a mine. In addition, the DHS
data collect records of all children born within the five years prior to the surveying. Of the
12,174 children born to the surveyed women within the last five years, 6,888 were born to
women currently residing within 100 km of ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "household data from the GLSS"
},
{
"text": "DHS data"
},
{
"text": "DHS\n\ndata"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "household data from the GLSS"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
... |
Furthermore, the Ministry of Education continues to collect data on refugee and asylum-seekers students for the
education management information system. The same applies with the Ministry of Health; data on refugee and
asylum-seekers are included in the national health information system. The government is working on r... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "national population and household census"
},
{
"text": "national civil registry database"
}
],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "education management information system"
},
{
... |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**ACCOMMODATION QUALITY BY POVERTY GROUP**
Income above the poverty line Income below the poverty line
**LIVING CONDITIONS BY POVERTY GROUP**
Income above the poverty line Income below the poverty line Living i... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
**Potential macroeconomic benefits**
**from the further integration of**
**refugees into the labour market**
**are considerable.** Addressing even
half of the existing gaps can generate significant macroeconomic gains of at least PLN 6 billion value added annually.
Such an increase in GDP would contribute more than ... | {
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Observations 19,226 19,226 19,226 19,226 19,226 19,270 15,991
R-squared 0.207 0.327 0.128 0.137 0.037 0.213 0.278
_Note:_ Robust standard errors clustered at the district level in parentheses. All regressions control for year and
district fixed effects, urban dummy, age, and years of education. Active is active status... | {
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Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland Importantly, most of the income of Ukrainian nationals living in Poland, both refugees and pre-2022 migrants, comes from their work. Our calculations based on the UNHCR MSNA Poland 2023 survey results show that 80% of refugee income comes from emp... | {
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"named_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR MSNA Poland 2023 survey"
},
{
"text": "NBP (2023) survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**UKRAINE REFUGEE VS HOST GROSS MONTHLY WAGES, EUR/MONTH**
Minimum wage (2024) Refugee mean wage (2023) Refugee mean wage (2024) Host mean wage (2024) 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Bulgaria Czechia Estonia Hungar... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Eurostat data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "survey data"
}
]
}
} |
We find that refugees from Ukraine who remain in Poland as workers, entrepreneurs, consumers, and taxpayers have a positive impact on economic output, which will increase in the long run. Results of our general equilibrium Deloitte D.Climate model show that refugees from Ukraine contributed 0.7-1.1% to the Gross Domest... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
**% OF INDIVIDUALS WHO ACCESSED FORMAL AND**
**INFORMAL SUPPORT BY COUNTRY**
Only formal Only informal Both None Other
**% OF INDIVIDUALS WHO ACCESSED FORMAL AND**
**INFORMAL SUPPORT BY AGE AND GENDER**
**GENDER = FEMALE**
Only formal Only inf... | {
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} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
**Table 2. Deloitte D.Climate model results for Ukrainian refugees’ influx**
**Current estimate** **Long-run estimate**
2024 2030
**Gross Domestic Product** +2.71% +3.21%
**Unemployment rate** - -0.10 pp.
**Real wages** 0.00% +0.24%
**Genera... | {
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} |
THE ROLE OF HOUSING SUPPORT AND EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION IN ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE It is important to note that while the poverty definition adopted in this assessment allows for comparisons across the countries covered (both regarding the refugee and local populations, though limitations need t... | {
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} |
**PC partners.**
The morning session focused on explain
ing the concept of mixed migration and
various migratory profiles, emphasiz
ing the distinctions between the causes
and consequences of migration through
group dynamics. In the latter part of the
session, the meaning of durable solu
tions and the criteria for... | {
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} |
Despite
the
positive
developments
outlined
above,
considerable
uncertainty
remains
around
whether
the
cease-‐fire
agreements
will
lead
to
durable
peace
accords.
There
were
a
number
of
clashes
between
armed
groups
and
the
Myanmar
army
reported
in
2012
in... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Refugees’ impact on the economy manifests in a multi-layered fashion. An influx of refugees means first and foremost an increase in population. As such, they enter the economy boosting the labour market as new workers, increase demand as new consumers, and stimulate business by creating market niches catering to their ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
On 27 June 2023, Chad’s National Transitional Council (CNT) officially adopted the proposed new
Constitution. This Constitution aims to restore constitutional order and conclude the transition initiated
after the passing of former President Idriss Déby on 19 April 2021. Drawing from the 1996 Constitution,
the document ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
including physical and sexual abuse and neglect; children are kept from school due to difficulties
paying for incidental school expenses; refugees have limited opportunities to productively engage in
Indonesia by developing and utilizing skills and capacities in an employment setting, impacting both
the quality of thei... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
There
are
no
mine
maps
currently
available
and
the
extent
of
the
threat
is
impossible
to
accurately
assess.
However,
it
is
suspected
that
Myanmar
is
one
of
the
most
highly
landmine-‐contaminated
countries
in
the
world,
with
these
devices
continuin... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Unaccounted positive externalities**
All our theoretical economic modelling results are conservative lower bound estimates, as econometric studies from other countries have found immigration to have additionally a positive impact on labour productivity that cannot be accounted for using the available data.
According ... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
immigration in a sample of 18 developed OECD countries during the 1980-2010 period. Authors find that increase of immigrant share in the adult population by 1 percentage point raises labour productivity and GDP per capita in the longterm by about 2%. They also examine impacts for the population in top 10% and bottom 90... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Smooth inclusion of refugees on labour market thus far was enabled by proper policies. In response to the war escalation in Ukraine and the influx of refugees into the EU, prompt actions were taken both at EU and national level.
Refugees from Ukraine in the European Union are covered by the Temporary Protection Direct... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Lower income households are, on the other hand, much more dependent on social protection benefits. These comprise almost half of all earnings.
Two thirds of the income provided by social protection is generated by the host country, with the remainder mostly coming from pensions paid by Ukraine (13% of all adults below ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
- Refugees
and
IDPs
are
provided
with
accurate
and
up-‐to-‐date
information
that
is
objectively
presented
and
consistent
with
humanitarian
protection
and
human
rights
principles
and
a
wide
range
of
representatives
are
allowed
to
visit
places
of
origin
... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**even greater disparity in financial wellbeing**
At the regional level, the weighted average share of the host population living in rented housing was calculated at 13% based on Eurostat data. This figure is dwarfed by 60% of refugee households fully paying rent for their accommodation and 21% partially paying, as pe... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Eurostat data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
the general population. UNHCR (2025b), using a different method than the one in this report, estimated average instead of median net wages based on the SEIS data. The average net wage of a Ukrainian refugee they arrived at was PLN 4,214, only slightly higher than calculated above. This would yield 72% of the national a... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
[In addition to the constitutional guarantee of freedom of movement, Article 21 of the Asylum Law](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2091861/645b938a4.pdf) confirms
that refugees and asylum-seekers in possession of their identification documents enjoy the right to circulate
and to reside in Chad in the same conditions... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
requests.
### **Solutions - Resettlement**
UNHCR Indonesia continues to identify and submit refugees for resettlement consideration. In 2024,
950 resettlement spaces have been made available for refugees in Indonesia. UNHCR seeks to ensure
the most vulnerable refugees are prioritized for resettlement consideration, a... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
to the MSNA Poland 2023 survey, 20% of Ukrainian refugee households earn less than 3 000 PLN, 41% earn between 3 000 and 6 000 PLN, and 12% earn more than 6 000 PLN, while 27% of respondents preferred not to answer. That said, the standard of living of Ukrainian refugees may be significantly lower than that of native r... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "MSNA Poland 2023 survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
- Governments, development and humanitarian actors take into account poverty levels when designing their
support programs for Ukrainian refugees. The quality of day to day life, safety, and level of access to key services are directly tied to household income.
- Poverty measures account for differences in housing cost... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
## Executive summary
##### Progress in market integration
**Ukrainian refugees have been**
**increasingly successful in terms of**
**labour market integration.** The large
influx of refugees since February 2022, has further increased and chan... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
# **Summary of findings and** **recommendations**
The 2024 round of the SEIS survey indicates that while the financial vulnerability of refugees from Ukraine residing in neighboring countries - specifically those... | {
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"named_data": [
{
"text": "the 2024 round of the SEIS survey"
}
],
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}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland The above results do not distinguish between Ukrainian refugees improving the labour market outcomes in the poviats they arrived in and Ukrainian refugees disproportionately moving to the poviats with better performance, which continued to perform... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
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