input string | output dict |
|---|---|
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
**Protection Cluster September/ October 2023 activity report**
This report has been prepared by the Protection Cluster in Venezuela
_Cover photo: © UNHCR / Kimberly Sarkis (2023)_
The Protection Cluster is a broad-based participatory forum of protection par... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
boosts the economic impact of Ukrainian refugees. To arrive at results that would be comparable to the previous report, economic impact has been additionally simulated in a scenario without the productivity shock. This brought the results down to 1.3% GDP in 2024, which is in line with the Deloitte (2024) most optimist... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The recommendations drawn from this analysis focus on addressing the health and mental health and psychosocial needs and barriers identified in the SEIS, tailoring them to the specific data and context of each country. To enhance policy development, it will be crucial to improve monitoring of refugees’ health, includin... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "the SEIS"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "disaggregated refugee data"
}
]
}
} |
Among the 5% who reported access constraints, the primary barrier to accessing SRH services was long waiting times, affecting 33%. Financial barriers also posed challenges, with 23% of women reporting difficulties covering transportation costs, 19% struggling with clinic fees, and 12% with hospital fees. Additionally, ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Activities
–
whether
delivered
by
UNHCR
or
partners-‐
should
be
conflict-‐sensitive
and
address
key
issues
of
concern
of
both
returning
refugees
and
IDPs
and
their
communities.
A
community-‐based
programme
that
builds
on
existing
systems
and
structures ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
### **Improved Protection Environment**
While it is not a signatory to the Refugee Convention, Indonesia generally respects international and
domestic refugee law, particularly the principle of non-refoulement, and has demonstrated critical
humanitarian leadership in the region by consistently stepping forward to dise... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Kingdom, 56% in Sweden, 53% in Lithuania and 51% in the Czech Republic. The estimate for Poland was based on November 2022 National Bank of Poland survey data.
This relatively high value is supported by a UNHCR Assessment from 2nd November, in which survey results show that 72% of refugees are in the labour force, with... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "November 2022 National Bank of Poland survey data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
THE ROLE OF HOUSING SUPPORT AND EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION IN ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE Bulgaria (20 percentage points below the domestic figure). While differences in the typical household composition do explain some of the variation Bulgaria, for instance, has the largest share of retirees - the lo... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "indicators reported by the World Bank"
}
]
}
} |
percent reported an increase, and 12 percent experienced a decrease since December 2020. This distribution
suggests that while citizenship has had a stabilizing effect for many households, it has not yet resulted in broad
based economic gains. However, the increase in income for nearly 4 out of every 10 households is ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The newly enacted asylum legislation does not include a specific legal provision governing access to financial
services nor access to administrative documents and certifications, including recognition of educational
attainments received outside of the national system. However, within the context of local integration an... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**benefits.** Although the employment rate
of Ukrainian refugees in Poland is already high when compared to other countries, there is still room for improvement.
Increasing the employment of refugees by 15 thousand people, which would close half of the gap between the employment rate of refugees and Poles, would yield ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
3% 2% 1% 0% 4000 10% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% 4000 Ukrainian refugee educational attainment implies from 18% (assuming refugees’ educational attainment from November 2022 survey) to 19% (July-August 2023) higher earnings than the general population. [36] Poviat-level geographical distribution of Ukrainian refugees... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "November 2022 survey"
},
{
"text": "data on occupations of Ukrainian refugees"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**The unemployment rate, however, is very high**
In contrast to labor force participation, the estimated unemployment rate of refugees from Ukraine is notably high when compared to that of host country nationals. At the regional level, the former stands at 14%, which starkly contrasts with the 3% weighted average for l... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
constraints in accessing health services. Vaccine coverage increased notably in Moldova, Czechia and Bulgaria compared to 2023. In comparison, measles vaccination coverage within Ukraine reached 92% for the 1st dose of measles vaccine and 87% for second dose [8] (WHO, 2023).
Regionally, only 54% of all children receiv... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
# **Contents**
Acknowledgements 2 Summary of findings and recommendations 3 Background 4 Key findings 4 Methodology 13 Limitations 14
# **Acknowledgements**
We extend our sincere appreciation to the numer... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
**Chart 7. Income of Ukrainian refugee households by source**
**2%**
**0.1%**
**In 2024, Ukrainian refugee households**
**increasingly sourced their income from**
**Poland, rather than from Ukraine.** This
can be seen when comparing the MSNA... | {
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"named_data": [
{
"text": "MSNA survey"
},
{
"text": "SEIS"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "disaggregated household-level data"
}
]
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
## **2.** Ukrainian refugees in the Polish labour market
##### In the past year, as far as labour market integration is concerned, refugees from Ukraine improved in terms of employment and wages, yet they continue to be disproportionately skewed... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
from abroad (e.g. savings of refugees in Ukrainian banks) further strengthens that effect. In total, general government revenue increased by 2.0% in 2022, 2.75% in 2023, and 2.94% in 2024. In monetary terms this amounts to PLN 25.0 billion in 2022, PLN 39.1 billion in 2023, and PLN 47.0 billion in 2024 [22] . In the lo... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**refugees.** Although language skills
improve over time, still only 18% of refugees speak Polish fluently, usually those who arrived in Poland 29 months ago. On average, those at the beginner level have been in the country for only 18 months.
**•** **Lack of work experience negatively**
**affects the labour outcomes... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The government of Chad has committed to providing refugees with access to quality education by integrating
them into the national education system. This integration allows all refugees and asylum-seekers to enrol in
primary, secondary, and higher education institutions, follow the Chadian curriculum, and obtain recogni... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
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difference between close and far, and before and after mine opening, we have created a
difference-in-differences estimator.
Panel B of figure 2 shows this strategy in a map, where the small blue circles show the treatment
areas, and the 100-km-radius green circles show the geographic areas that constitute the contro... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
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} |
In these vulnerable conditions, any shock to the household economy -such as job loss, illness, or
climate related events- significantly impacts on refugees’ ability to cover the rent and utility costs
(water, electricity), leaving them at heightened risk of eviction. [20] Climate related incidents are
becoming recurren... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**occupational downgrading.** The SEIS
survey indicates that 34% of Ukrainian refugees currently employed in Poland work in the same sector as back in Ukraine, while 48% – in a different one. There is no data for 18% of workers – mostly made up of the youngest refugees who might not have worked back in Ukraine. Employm... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS\nsurvey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
While refugees and asylum-seekers have the right to reside in Chad, as enshrined in Article 21 of the law, and
there are no legislative restrictions on their choice of residence, multisectoral assistance is only provided
by UNHCR and its partners in camps. Consequently, this assistance remains a decisive factor in refu... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
social insurance. Second, the statistical definition of an employed person is wider than just being registered with the Social Insurance Institution (Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych, ZUS) on a certain day [3] . Third, some Ukrainians work in the shadow economy. The number of workers with Ukrainian citizenship and social... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "PESEL UKR numbers"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
# Recommendations
Host countries and communities have made commendable and continuous efforts to support refugees in accessing essential health and MHPSS services. While most respondents reported adequate access, barriers to services changed and in... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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treatment distance of 50 km, we no longer see a significant effect. In panel Ab, the results are
replicated using a spatial lag model, meaning that we allow for nonlinear effects with distance.
In reality, it seems like the electricity rate is much higher before a mine (dashed line) than with
an active mine (the blu... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "DHS surveys"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
## Introduction
##### Nearly two years after the beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine, the positive impact of the refugees on the Polish economy becomes clearly visible.
On their arrival, the impact of refugees on the economy primarily manifested through higher consumption, that was financed mainly by increased... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**SHARE OF POPULATION PAYING FOR RENTED HOUSING: HOSTS VS REFUGEES**
Share of hosts living in rented housing (2023) Share of refugees fully paying for rent (2024) Share of refugees partially paying for rent (2024... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Eurostat, survey data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Skills-job mismatching also becomes evident when analyzing the current employment of refugees compared to their pre-war employment in Ukraine, as nearly 60% have transitioned to entirely different economic sectors.
This phenomenon is more pronounced among women, with 63% having shifted to roles outside their previous e... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data, ILO"
},
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
Employment continues to be closely associated with lower poverty rates, though ultimately, it’s the size of income that is generated by working household members that makes the biggest difference. Considering that the share of working-age refugees that are employed is nearing host population levels after rising further... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "household level indicators"
}
]
}
} |
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
**trafficking networks.** After bilateral
meeting between the Protection Cluster,
the WGTiP and the FSL Cluster, a focal
group was organized on October 10th.
A total of 7 participants from UN Agen
cies, AoRs, and local NGOs participated.
WG members active... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_Note:_ Robust standard errors clustered at the DHS cluster level in parentheses. All regressions control for year and
district fixed effects, urban dummy, age, and years of education. Active is active status of mine in the survey year.
*** p<0.01, **p<0.05, *p<0.1. Results for women’s partners also available upon req... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
those people fell outside the definitions of population used by Statistics Poland (Główny Urząd Statystyczny, GUS, Poland’s statistical office). The National Bank of Poland estimated that between 2014 and 2018, there were approximately one to two million Ukrainian workers in Poland at a time (Strzelecki, Growiec and Wy... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "2021 Polish National Census"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR data"
}
],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR data"
}
]
}
} |
The escalatation of war 2022 in Ukraine caused a large inflow of refugees into Poland. While some refugees from Ukraine have since returned to Ukraine or gone further to Germany or other countries, in October 2023 close to 957 thousand remained in Poland (identified by active PESEL UKR numbers). They consist primarily ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "active PESEL UKR database"
},
{
"text": "PESEL UKR numbers"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023 survey data"
},
{
"text": "surveys of refugees fr... |
**Figure 1 Ghana’s annual gold production and world price of gold**
Ghana is the second-largest gold producer in Africa after South Africa, with gold production
averaging 77 tons per year (Gajigo, Mutambatsere, and Mdiaya 2012). In 2011, Ghana’s
mineral sector accounted for about 14 percent of total tax revenues and... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
In conclusion, the protection incidents evidenced in the analysis partially overview the situation in both countries
where the data were collected. The number of protection incidents and victims is higher than what is represented
in this report for September 2022. In DRC, the new protection monitoring platform still ne... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
REGIONAL BUREAU FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA
###### **POPULATION OF CONCERN IN SOUTHERN AFRICA REGION**
30 September 2022
**PoCs IN SOUTHERN** **AFRICA REGION***
**521,512** **REF**
**41,283** **REF**
**13,762** **ASY**
**1,291** **ASY**
**5,526,022** **IDP**
**REF**
**ASY**
**OOC**
**RET**
**KEY FIGURES**
## **8,... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR PRIMES"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
### **OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHT**
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
**Some key achievements**
- Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO)
Process
- Coordination with other platforms,
subnational Clusters, ICCG, and Partners
- Accountability for Affected Populations
(AAP) WG
- GPC Townhall
- La Ca... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**than native workers.** There may be different reasons for this
as perhaps immigrants have character traits that make them more inclined towards entrepreneurial activity (unclear in the case of refugees), or maybe it is a way to avoid occupational downgrading as immigrants find it difficult to prove their educational ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Italian data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Outcomes were relatively consistent across types of support. Those who accessed only formal support (e.g., psychotherapy or structured group interventions) reported improvement in 88% of cases (with 34% stating “yes” and 54% reporting “slight” improvement). Individuals relying on only informal support (e.g., help from ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Deloitte refers to one or more of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (DTTL), its global network of member firms, and their related entities (collectively, the “Deloitte organization”). DTTL (also referred to as “Deloitte Global”) and each of its member firms and related entities are legally separate and independent entit... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**Republic of Moldova: the case for housing costs corrections in income-based poverty metrics**
Data from the Republic of Moldova highlights the limitations of poverty metrics that rely solely on disposable incom... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
#### **2.2 Current occupational situation**
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland Administrative ZUS data can be used as a proxy for both average and _gross_ earnings percentages. On June 30, 2024, average base... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS survey data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Administrative ZUS data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**age.** The best population data available
is the regularly updated active PESEL database. [4] According to the registry, 61.5% of the registered are women and 38.5% are men. The database also includes the age of PESEL UKR holders, which indicates that over half (57.4%), i.e. more than 560 thousand people, are of work... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "active PESEL database"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR data portal"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**HOUSEHOLD INCOME DISTRIBUTION BY SOURCE AND POVERTY CATEGORY**
Employment Family support Social protection (host country) Old age pension (Ukraine) 12% 67% Social protection (Ukraine) 35% Humanitarian cash 8% 1... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
_UNHCR
Discussion
Paper
–15
June
2013_
engagement
of
key
partners,
including
relevant
development
actors
and
the
private
sector
since
the
early
stage
will
be
a
crucial
component
of
UNHCR’s
strategy.
Current
co-‐ordination
fora
include
the
South-‐East
... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**WEIGHTED AVERAGE MONTHLY EQUIVALIZED INCOME EVOLUTION, EUR**
800 600 400 200 0 Equivalized income 2023 Employment Family Host country income support social protection Ukraine social protection (inc.
pensions) Humanitarian Other Equivalized cash income 2024 Note: Only includes data from the 7 countries surveyed in bo... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
The established mechanisms in refugee camps and in N’Djamena to ensure substantial refugee participation
at local levels remain functional. This includes elected committees representing refugees, along with separate
committees for men, women and children/young individuals. Sectoral committees such as those for liveliho... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Similarly to the above results, an early analysis by Gromadzki and Lewandowski (2023) found no impact on the employment rate or unemployment rate. In a peerreviewed scientific article, they examined the impact of Ukrainian refugees on the labour market outcomes of Polish women from January to April 2022 (as most Ukrain... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
because of the nature of the data. Panel A uses three variables that reflect conditions around the
year of birth of the child. Note that women report their birth history, in what year the child was
born, and the baby’s health. She reports this information in the survey year, but retroactively,
recollecting the year ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
# Abstract
The beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine in February 2022 resulted in a large outflow of refugees, reaching more than 6 million globally.
Much of this exodus happened through the Polish border. As of October 2023, almost 1 million Ukrainian refugees were living in Poland. While in the past decade Pol... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Multi-Sector Needs Assessment Poland 2023 survey data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Power BI Desktop Somalia’s Solutions Pathways The Department of Poverty Reduction and Durable Solutions of the Ministry of Planning, Investments, and Economic Development (MoPIED) in Somalia continues to play a leading role in overseeing and addressing solutions to internal displacement in the country.
In 2024, the dep... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Durable Solutions Progress (DSP) Survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Data collected by UNHCR"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
While
UNHCR
has
been
present
and
operational
in
South-‐East
Myanmar
since
2004,
the
UNHCR
framework
for
co-‐operation
with
the
Government
of
the
Union
of
Myanmar
in
the
South-‐East
is
defined
by
a
draft
Letter
of
Understanding
(LOU)
with
its
l... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
### **Social cohesion and** **MHPSS**
An association between perceived hostility and mental health challenges remains evident across the region, with households experiencing hostility in their social environment more likely to report mental health ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
UNHCR
ProGres
data
on
the
83,044
registered
refugees
in
Thailand
indicates
an
estimated
84
per
cent
are
ethnic
Karen
and
12
per
cent
are
ethnic
Karenni.
The
remaining
4
per
cent
are
of
Burman,
Shan,
and
Mon
descent,
and
other
groups.
The
majo... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR \r ProGres \r data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR \r ProGres \r data"
},
{
"text": "UNHCR ProGres data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Securing
durable
solutions
is
fundamentally
linked
to
the
restoration
of
national
capacity
to
provide
for
the
protection
and
welfare
of
formerly
displaced
communities,
and
UNHCR’s
role
should
be
designed
to
support
such
an
outcome,
through
systematic
eng... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Table 13 Effects of gold production at the district level on employment**
Panel A: Using production in the previous period
(3) (4)
not agriworking culture
(3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1) (2)
not agri- service or profess- manual earns works all
working culture sales ional work cash year
gold period 0.003 -0.009** 0.003* 0.... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
During the 2019 Global Refugee Forum, the Government of Chad committed, among other things, to
issuing biometric Refugee Identity Cards and Machine-Readable Refugee Convention Travel Documents
(MRCTDs) to meet international standards. A study by the National Agency for Secure Documents (Agence
Nationale des Titres Sécu... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
migrants can thus in part be because a less-well-off part of the population chooses to migrate to
mining areas, not that they are made worse off because of the mine activities.
We also explored a decomposition of the anthropometric results along the migration division,
but we found no important differences.
**Figur... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
9 These employment rates are very close to the ones from the Polish central bank surveys of Ukrainian refugees, which showed 62% in July 2023 and 68% in July 2024 (NBP, 2024). NBP (2024) age group was slightly different, describing adults as 18 years or older. | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Polish central bank surveys of Ukrainian refugees"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
only in conjunction with policies for local procurement. Moreover, some of the mining-related
papers have focused on mining in an African context, exploring a range of outcomes, including
HIV-transmission and sexual risk taking (Corno and de Walque 2012; Wilson 2012), women’s
empowerment (Benshaul-Tolonen 2018), inf... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "DHS data from Africa"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Land ownership remains a complex issue in the absence of a codified land law, and the general regime
of land ownership, encompassing both formal and traditional rights, has not undergone any changes in
the past three years. Customary and Islamic laws continue to govern access to and control of land and
natural resource... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**qualification compared to Polish**
**citizens.** While the proportion of
individuals with tertiary education among refugees is slightly higher than among Polish citizens (40% vs 38%), only 12% of refugees work as managers, professionals, and technicians (occupational groups usually requiring higher education) compar... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
mining companies in Ghana was 3 percent until 2010, which was the average rate for gold
production in Africa (Gajigo, Mutambatsere, and Mdiaya 2012), but increased to 5 percent in
2010 (Standing and Hilson 2013). Of this money, 80 percent goes to the general government
budget, 10 percent goes to the administration o... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland Refugees from Ukraine are not yet utilising their full potential in the Polish labour market. In May 2022, 46% of arriving refugees declared that they had no knowledge of the Polish language (NBP, 2023). Over time, this percentage improved, with d... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "MSNA Poland 2023 survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**migrants was challenging to quantify.**
Since the onset of the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine in 2014, there was a consistent influx of Ukrainians into Poland.
Many of them sought work as Ukraine’s economy declined and the currency devalued. Most of the migrants came as guest workers, a status brought in by a 2011... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "PESEL-UKR data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Increased competition on the labour market could partially offset benefits from refugees. Although (due to a tight labour market) increase in labour force is almost entirely absorbed into working force, there should be slight increase in unemployment rate. Ultimately, it is estimated that it was higher by 0.14-0.25 pp.... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
# **1.** Inflow of refugees from Ukraine into Poland
##### Even before the 2022 full-scale war in Ukraine the number of Ukrainians in Poland was substantial and growing, although their precise number is difficult to measure.
Analysis of the imp... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**higher productivity.** In a simplistic
supply-demand framework, the influx of Ukrainian refugees would have had a negative impact on Polish workers employment or caused a decline in real wages. However, this has not occurred.
First, Polish citizens employment rates have grown, and unemployment rates have fallen. Seco... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
## **Works cited**
[1] UNHCR, ‘Global Report 2023 - Executive Summary’, UNHCR, Geneva, Jun. 2024. Accessed: Jul. 13, 2024. [Online]. Available:
https://reporting.unhcr.org/global-report-2023-executive-summary
[2] UNHCR, ‘This is our home: stateless minorities and their search for citizenship’, 2017, [Online]. Availab... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
REGIONAL BUREAU OF SOUTHERN AFRICA
PROTECTION MONITORING DASHBOARD ON INCIDENTS IN DRC AND MOZAMBIQUE
As of 30 September 2022
MAP SHOWING THE NUMBER OF REPORTED PROTECTION INCIDENTS PER
Province in Mozambique
(MOZ) covered by
protection monitoring | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland An ageing population coupled with a growing economy causes labour shortages. Despite falling number of available workers, the Polish economy is growing steadily, as it modernises and converges to the level of development of old EU Member States. D... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Eurostat data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE For households with a member with disability, health was the top priority with 56% of households reporting this as priority need compared to 30% of those without disability. Likewise, 45% of households with chronic illnesses identified healthcare acc... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
a 22 percent increase in service sector participation. However, this effect is only statistically
significant at the 10 percent level, possibly due to the small sample size within that distance.
This is in contrast to the dummy for 0-20 km which is insignificant, pointing highly localized
effects on service sector e... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
to factors other than productivity growth, this is unlikely. Any negative impact could only arise if other workers left the labour force or reduced their working hours. No evidence of this is seen in recent Eurostat’s Labour Force Survey data for the Polish economy, where activity rates continued to grow, while the ave... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Eurostat’s Labour Force Survey data for the Polish economy"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
At 44, she arrived in Poland from Kyiv on March 9, 2022, with her 7-year-old daughter, Viktoria, and 5-year-old son, Timur. “I came to the job fair to find a position in my field of expertise. I’m not afraid of physical work, but as the sole provider for my family of three, I need a more stable and better-paying job,” ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
from Ukraine has increased from 61% to 69%, while their unemployment rate has halved from 15% to 8%. Second, median net wage of Ukrainian refugees grew from PLN 3,100 to PLN 4,000, i.e. by 29%. While half of this wage growth came from the overall high earnings growth in the country due to high inflation (gross wages in... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS social insurance contributions data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Importantly, support with accommodation expenses reduces the calculated poverty rate of refugees from Ukraine to 32% (from 50%) if it is considered to be an indirect source of income [9] . This essentially means that rental aid, in whatever form it is provided, allows over a third of low-income [10] households to de fa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland** **Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland**
# Table of contents
Abstract 04 Non-technical summary 06 Introduction 11
**1.** Inflow of refugees from Ukraine into Poland 12
**2.** Situation of refugees from U... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
22 Deloitte own calculations based on Informacja kwartalna o stanie fnansów publicznych - Ministerstwo Finansów - Portal Gov.pl for respective years. The general government income share in GDP in 2024 was calculated based on the data for Q1–Q3 and based on that total general government income was calculated using forec... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
4. Access to National Public Services
health planning documents.
The 2019 agreement between the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and the Ministry of Health, regarding the
progressive integration of camp health centres into the national health system, has facilitated the inclusion
of all camp health centres in the national s... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Certain employment barriers naturally become more pronounced when singling out certain demographics. Some 17% of adults living in households with young children (aged 0 to 11) report lack of childcare as a difficulty with peaks when the youngest child is between 3 and 4. Fifteen percent of those previously employed in ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
distance. We divide the plane into 10-km distance bins and estimate the model with a full set
of distance bin dummies.
𝑌��� - 𝛽� �� 𝛽�𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒�� 𝛽�𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒� ∙𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒� ∝�� 𝑔� �𝜆𝑋� �𝜀���
�𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒�� 𝛽�𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒� ∙𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒� ∝�� 𝑔� �𝜆𝑋� �𝜀��� �2�
-
for d ∈ {0–10, 10–20, …, 80–90}.
This method, in... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE underscores the need to further explore how combinations of support types contribute to better outcomes and how service accessibility and quality can be optimized across different settings.
**% OF INDIVIDUALS WHO RECEIVED INFORMAL VS FORMAL**
**MEN... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Table 11 Using GLSS: Employment on extensive and intensive margin and wages**
(6)
miner
(5)
service
and sales
(4)
agriculture
(3)
hours
worked
per week
(1)
worked
last year
(2)
work 7
days
Panel A: Women
_1. baseline_
active*mine -0.067* -0.032 3.565 -0.075 0.074 0.025
(0.040) (0.038) (3.140) (0.064) (0.054) ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**average or gross earnings.** The median
net earnings of Ukrainian refugees in Q2 2024 were PLN 4,000 in SEIS, and PLN 3,767 in NBP (2024) surveys. This is 84% and 79% of the national median, respectively. This estimate would be most likely lower, if data allowed us to look at average or gross earnings. First, a compa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS surveys"
},
{
"text": "NBP (2024) surveys"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
1. Host Communities
### **RPRF Policy Dimensions**
(as of 30 June 2023)
### **1. Host Communities**
**1.1** **Support for communities in refugee-hosting areas**
There has been little change since June 2020 in this domain and no specific national fiscal or budget policy
is yet in place to provide additional financi... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Refugees access Indonesia through the air and sea. Many refugees in Indonesia, particularly Rohingya
traveling by boats, are facilitated in their travel and arrive in the country with the assistance of agents.
In previous years, many Rohingya who arrived in Indonesia by sea – approximately 80% - departed
soon after arr... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Preparedness
activities
will
continue
and
will
be
strengthened,
including
assistance
to
spontaneous
return.
As
patterns
of
spontaneous
returns
to
specific
locations
emerge,
in
particular
with
the
return
of
entire
households,
UNHCR
will
enhance
its
assistan... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
we use a cutoff distance of 20 km, we assume there is little economic footprint beyond that
distance. Of course, any such distance is arbitrarily chosen, which is why we try different
specifications to explore the spatial heterogeneity by varying this distance (using 10 km, 20 km,
through 50 km) as well as a spatial... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Raw Materials Data"
},
{
"text": "DHS mining data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "GLSS data"
}
]
}
} |
work. This indicates, possibly, that the economy becomes more reliant on cash as a mine starts
producing. It is possible that the difference from the main results presented in table 4 indicates
that agricultural workers are overrepresented among the bottom 40 percent in mining
communities. However, given the issues ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
18-59 female and male 60+ female and male two 18-59 or 60+ females other households 18-59 female with one or more 60+ individuals two 18-59 females 18-59 female and male other households 0.3% 7.4%
**10. Katowice** 11,591
Note that poviat-level population does not include Ukrainian refugees, who were added to calculat... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "PESEL database"
},
{
"text": "GUS population data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
geographic location data from MineAtlas (2013), where satellite imagery shows the actual mine
boundaries, which allows us to identify and update the center point of each mine. The
production data and ownership information are double-checked against the companies’ annual
reports.
For Ghana, this exercise results in ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "MineAtlas (2013)"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
#### **Productivity shock rationale**
As Ukrainian refugees entered the labour market, the economy adapted in line with expectations based on scientific literature, resulting in greater specialisation and higher productivity. In a simplistic sup... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Ukrainian refugees who were outside the labour force before**
**coming to Poland.** We have demonstrated that Ukrainian refugees
who managed the household or engaged in other non-workrelated tasks before arriving in Poland, are much more likely to be unemployed. ALMPs could be targeted at supporting this group and i... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
and might understate their presence.
The only hard data on these flows is the number of Ukrainian workers with social insurance, which nevertheless understates the numbers, as certain kinds of legal work often undertaken by temporary employees did not require it, and some Ukrainians worked in the shadow economy.
The nu... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
country before the full-scale war began.
The document primarily includes residency rights and housing access, labour market access, social welfare and medical assistance, as well as access to education and legal guardianship for unaccompanied children and teenagers. Additionally, Ukrainian nationals that become admitte... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Power BI Desktop Government Leadership Ensuring a whole of governmental approach with oversight and involvement is crucial for successfully identifying and implementing solutions. Effective leadership and coordination at the national and local levels are necessary to ensure systematic inclusion of displacement-affected... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Systematic
engagement
with
key
actors
facilitating
and
supporting
the
peace
process,
such
as
MPC,
is
also
required.
This
will
ensure
that
issues
affecting
the
rights
and
welfare
of
IDPs
and
returning
refugees
are
appropriately
addressed
in
peace
negoti... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
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