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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#37 | ould 'fake text' be the next global political threat?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
- ^ a b Vincent, James (21 February 2019). "AI researchers debate the ethics of sharing potentially harmful programs". The Verge. Archived from the original on 9 February 2021. Retri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#38 | hived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
- ^ Gokaslan, Aaron; Cohen, Vanya; Pavlick, Ellie; Tellex, Stefanie (22 August 2019). "OpenGPT-2: We Replicated GPT-2 Because You Can Too". Noteworthy. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ Johnson, Khari (20 ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#39 | 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
- ^ a b Vincent, James (6 June 2019). "There's a subreddit populated entirely by AI personifications of other subreddits". The Verge. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ a b Murati, Ermira (2022-04-13). "Language & Coding Creativity | America... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#40 | dium. "Openai-community/Gpt2-medium · Hugging Face".
{{cite web}}
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- ^ Olson... |
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- ^ Nelius, Joanna (3 August 2020). "This AI-Powered Choose-Your-Own-Adventure Text Game Is Super Fun and Makes No Sense". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#43 | is". MIT Technology Review. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- ^ "Language models can explain neurons in language models". OpenAI. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#44 | on Computer Vision 2015: 19–27. arXiv:1506.06724. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2023-02-05.
- ^ Brown, Tom B.; Mann, Benjamin; Ryder, Nick; Subbiah, Melanie; Kaplan, Jared; Dhariwal, Prafulla; Neelakantan, Arvind; Shyam, Pranav; Sastry, Girish; Askell, Amanda; Agarwal, Sandhini; Herbert-Voss, Arie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#45 | topher; Chen, Mark; Sigler, Eric; Litwin, Mateusz; Gray, Scott; Chess, Benjamin; Clark, Jack; Berner, Christopher; McCandlish, Sam; Radford, Alec; Sutskever, Ilya; Amodei, Dario (July 22, 2020). "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners". arXiv:2005.14165 [cs.CL].
- ^ Arram (July 9, 2020). "GPT-3: An AI that's eerily good... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2#46 | September 23, 2020). "OpenAI is giving Microsoft exclusive access to its GPT-3 language model". MIT Technology Review. Archived from the original on 2021-02-05. Retrieved 2020-09-25.
The companies say OpenAI will continue to offer its public-facing API, which allows chosen users to send text to GPT-3 or OpenAI's other ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#0 | Google LLC (/ˈɡuːɡəl/ ⓘ, GOO-gəl) is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial intelligence (AI).[9] It has been referred to as "the most p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#1 | ection, and technological advantages in the field of AI.[11][12][13] Alongside Amazon, Apple, Meta, and Microsoft, Google's parent company, Alphabet Inc. is one of the five Big Tech companies.
Google was founded on September 4, 1998, by American computer scientists Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were PhD student... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#2 | der voting power through super-voting stock. The company went public via an initial public offering (IPO) in 2004. In 2015, Google was reorganized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. Google is Alphabet's largest subsidiary and is a holding company for Alphabet's internet properties and interests. Sundar Picha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#3 | ai also became the CEO of Alphabet.[14]
The company has since rapidly grown to offer a multitude of products and services beyond Google Search, many of which hold dominant market positions. These products address a wide range of use cases, including email (Gmail), navigation and mapping (Waze, Maps, and Earth), cloud c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#4 | torage (Drive), language translation (Translate), photo storage (Photos), videotelephony (Meet), smart home (Nest), smartphones (Pixel), wearable technology (Pixel Watch and Fitbit), music streaming (YouTube Music), video on demand (YouTube TV), AI (Google Assistant and Gemini), machine learning APIs (TensorFlow), AI c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#5 | s, and Inbox by Gmail.[16][17] Google's other ventures outside of internet services and consumer electronics include quantum computing (Sycamore), self-driving cars (Waymo, formerly the Google Self-Driving Car Project), smart cities (Sidewalk Labs), and transformer models (Google DeepMind).[18]
Google Search and YouTub... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#6 | h engine, mapping and navigation application, email provider, office suite, online video platform, photo, and cloud storage provider, mobile operating system, web browser, machine learning framework, and AI virtual assistant provider in the world as measured by market share.[19] On the list of most valuable brands, Goo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#7 | ignificant criticism involving issues such as privacy concerns, tax avoidance, censorship, search neutrality, antitrust, and abuse of its monopoly position. On August 5, 2024, D.C. Circuit Court Judge Amit P. Mehta ruled that Google held an illegal monopoly over Internet search.[22]
History
Early years
Google began in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#8 | ornia.[23][24][25] The project initially involved an unofficial "third founder", Scott Hassan, the original lead programmer who wrote much of the code for the original Google Search engine, but he left before Google was officially founded as a company;[26][27] Hassan went on to pursue a career in robotics and founded t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#9 | erms appeared on the page, they theorized about a better system that analyzed the relationships among websites.[31] They called this algorithm PageRank; it determined a website's relevance by the number of pages, and the importance of those pages that linked back to the original site.[32][31] Page told his ideas to Has... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#10 | s their office when the search engine was set up in 1998.[33]
Page and Brin originally nicknamed the new search engine "BackRub" because the system checked backlinks to estimate the importance of a site.[23][34][35] Hassan, as well as Alan Steremberg were cited by Page and Brin as being critical to the development of G... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#11 | nk and the initial prototype of the Google search engine, published in 1998. Héctor García-Molina and Jeffrey Ullman were also cited as contributors to the project.[36] PageRank was influenced by a similar page-ranking and site-scoring algorithm earlier used for RankDex, developed by Robin Li in 1996, with Larry Page's... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#12 | 37][38]
Eventually, they changed the name to Google; the name of the search engine was a misspelling of the word googol,[23][39][40] a very large number written 10100 (1 followed by 100 zeros), picked to signify that the search engine was intended to provide large quantities of information.[41]
Google was initially fun... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#13 | erved as a motivation to incorporate the company to be able to use the funds.[42][43] Page and Brin initially approached David Cheriton for advice because he had a nearby office in Stanford, and they knew he had startup experience, having recently sold the company he co-founded, Granite Systems, to Cisco for $220 milli... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#14 | e front porch of David's home in Palo Alto and it had to be brief because Andy had another meeting at Cisco, where he now worked after the acquisition, at 9 a.m. Andy briefly tested a demo of the website, liked what he saw, and then went back to his car to grab the check. David Cheriton later also joined in with a $250... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#15 | neur Ram Shriram.[46] Page and Brin had first approached Shriram, who was a venture capitalist, for funding and counsel, and Shriram invested $250,000 in Google in February 1998. Shriram knew Bezos because Amazon had acquired Junglee, at which Shriram was the president. It was Shriram who told Bezos about Google. Bezos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#16 | e on a vacation trip to the Bay Area. Google's initial funding round had already formally closed but Bezos' status as CEO of Amazon was enough to persuade Page and Brin to extend the round and accept his investment.[47][48]
Between these initial investors, friends and family Google raised around $1,000,000, which is wh... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#17 | was hired as the first employee.[25][50][51]
After some additional, small investments through the end of 1998 to early 1999,[46] a new $25 million round of funding was announced on June 7, 1999,[52] with major investors including the venture capital firms Kleiner Perkins and Sequoia Capital.[43] Both firms were initial... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#18 | lves. Larry and Sergey however insisted on taking investments from both. Both venture companies finally agreed to investing jointly $12.5 million each due to their belief in Google's great potential and through the mediation of earlier angel investors Ron Conway and Ram Shriram who had contacts in the venture companies... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#19 | Valley technology start-ups.[55] The next year, Google began selling advertisements associated with search keywords against Page and Brin's initial opposition toward an advertising-funded search engine.[56][25] To maintain an uncluttered page design, advertisements were solely text-based.[57] In June 2000, it was annou... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#20 | ing Inktomi.[58][59]
In 2003, after outgrowing two other locations, the company leased an office complex from Silicon Graphics, at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View, California.[61] The complex became known as the Googleplex, a play on the word googolplex, the number one followed by a googol of zeroes. Three y... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#21 | day language, causing the verb "google" to be added to the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary, denoted as: "to use the Google search engine to obtain information on the Internet".[63][64] The first use of the verb on television appeared in an October 2002 episode of Buffy the Vampir... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#22 | Eric Schmidt as the chairman and CEO of Google.[49] Eric was proposed by John Doerr from Kleiner Perkins. He had been trying to find a CEO that Sergey and Larry would accept for several months, but they rejected several candidates because they wanted to retain control over the company. Michael Moritz from Sequoia Capit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#23 | promise to hire a chief executive officer, which had been made verbally during investment negotiations. Eric was not initially enthusiastic about joining Google either, as the company's full potential had not yet been widely recognized at the time, and as he was occupied with his responsibilities at Novell where he was... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#24 | ide funds Google needed.[66]
Initial public offering
On August 19, 2004, Google became a public company via an initial public offering. At that time Page, Brin and Schmidt agreed to work together at Google for 20 years, until the year 2024.[67] The company opened on the NASDAQ National Market under the ticker symbol GO... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#25 | a system built by Morgan Stanley and Credit Suisse, underwriters for the deal.[70][71] The sale of $1.67 billion gave Google a market capitalization of more than $23 billion.[72]
On October 9, 2006, Google acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock,[73][74][75][76] On July 20, 2007, Google bids $4.6 billion for... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#26 | ogle valuable relationships that DoubleClick had with Web publishers and advertising agencies.[78][79] By 2011, Google was handling approximately 3 billion searches per day. To handle this workload, Google built 11 data centers around the world with several thousand servers in each. These data centers allowed Google to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#27 | e billion for the first time.[80][81] In May 2012, Google acquired Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion, in its largest acquisition to date.[82][83][84] This purchase was made in part to help Google gain Motorola's considerable patent portfolio on mobile phones and wireless technologies, to help protect Google in its on... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#28 | d.[87]
2012 onwards
In June 2013, Google acquired Waze for $966 million.[88] While Waze would remain an independent entity, its social features, such as its crowdsourced location platform, were reportedly valuable integrations between Waze and Google Maps, Google's own mapping service.[89] Google announced the launch o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#29 | atement, Page explained that the "health and well-being" company would focus on "the challenge of ageing and associated diseases".[90]
On January 26, 2014, Google announced it had agreed to acquire DeepMind Technologies, a privately held AI company from London.[91] Technology news website Recode reported that the compa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#30 | on the price.[92][93] The purchase of DeepMind aids in Google's recent growth in the AI and robotics community.[94] In 2015, DeepMind's AlphaGo became the first computer program to defeat a top human pro at the game of Go.
According to Interbrand's annual Best Global Brands report, Google has been the second most valua... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#31 | ust 10, 2015, Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate named Alphabet Inc. Google became Alphabet's largest subsidiary and the umbrella company for Alphabet's Internet interests. Upon completion of the restructuring, Sundar Pichai became CEO of Google, replacing Larry Page, who becam... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#32 | company that argued bias and "Google's Ideological Echo Chamber" clouded their thinking about diversity and inclusion, and that it is also biological factors, not discrimination alone, that cause the average woman to be less interested than men in technical positions.[102] Google CEO Sundar Pichai accused Damore of vio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#33 | Between 2018 and 2019, tensions between the company's leadership and its workers escalated as staff protested company decisions on internal sexual harassment, Dragonfly, a censored Chinese search engine, and Project Maven, a military drone artificial intelligence, which had been seen as areas of revenue growth for the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#34 | Android'". The company subsequently announced that "48 employees have been fired over the last two years" for sexual misconduct.[108] On November 1, 2018, more than 20,000 Google employees and contractors staged a global walk-out to protest the company's handling of sexual harassment complaints.[109][110] CEO Sundar Pi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#35 | nternal activists.[107]
On March 19, 2019, Google announced that it would enter the video game market, launching a cloud gaming platform called Google Stadia.[112]
On June 3, 2019, the United States Department of Justice reported that it would investigate Google for antitrust violations.[113] This led to the filing of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#36 | ng markets.[114]
In December 2019, former PayPal chief operating officer Bill Ready became Google's new commerce chief. Ready's role will not be directly involved with Google Pay.[115]
In April 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Google announced several cost-cutting measures. Such measures included slowing down hiring... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#37 | like data centers and machines, and non-business essential marketing and travel.[116] Most employees were also working from home due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the success of it even led to Google announcing that they would be permanently converting some of their jobs to work from home [117]
The 2020 Google services ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#38 | and a third in December affecting the entire suite of Google applications. All three outages were resolved within hours.[118][119][120]
In 2021, the Alphabet Workers Union was founded, composed mostly of Google employees.[121]
In January 2021, the Australian Government proposed legislation that would require Google and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#39 | rch engine in Australia.[122]
In March 2021, Google reportedly paid $20 million for Ubisoft ports on Google Stadia.[123] Google spent "tens of millions of dollars" on getting major publishers such as Ubisoft and Take-Two to bring some of their biggest games to Stadia.[124]
In April 2021, The Wall Street Journal reporte... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#40 | er competing for ad services. This was revealed in documents concerning the antitrust lawsuit filed by ten US states against Google in December.[125]
In September 2021, the Australian government announced plans to curb Google's capability to sell targeted ads, claiming that the company has a monopoly on the market harm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#41 | al addresses and email addresses from its search results. It had previously accepted requests for removing confidential data only, such as Social Security numbers, bank account and credit card numbers, personal signatures, and medical records. Even with the new policy, Google may remove information from only certain bu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#42 | ic record.[127]
In May 2022, Google announced that the company had acquired California based, MicroLED display technology development and manufacturing Start-up company Raxium. Raxium is set to join Google's Devices and Services team to aid in the development of micro-optics, monolithic integration, and system integrat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#43 | e, which pulls from the largest open source vulnerability database of its kind to defend against supply chain attacks.
Following the success of ChatGPT and concerns that Google was falling behind in the AI race, Google's senior management issued a "code red"[132] and a "directive that all of its most important products... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#44 | rapid rise of ChatGPT, Google released Bard (now Gemini), a generative artificial intelligence chatbot.[134]
In early May 2023, Google announced its plans to build two additional data centers in Ohio. These centers, which will be built in Columbus and Lancaster, will power up the company's tools, including AI technolog... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#45 | $2 billion.[135]
In August 2024, Google would lose a lawsuit which started in 2020 in lower court, as it was found that the company had an illegal monopoly over Internet search.[136] D.C. Circuit Court Judge Amit Mehta held that this monopoly was in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act.[137] In September 2024, the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#46 | pping search, and could not avoid paying a €2.4 billion fine.[138] The EU Court of Justice found that Google's treatment of rival shopping searches, which the court referred to as "discriminatory", was in violation of the Digital Markets Act.[138]
In October 2024, Google was fined by a local Russian court a symbolic 2.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#47 | e establishment of a new AI hub in Saudi Arabia, aiming to support the Kingdom's economic growth and technological development as part of its Vision 2030 initiative. This AI hub is projected to contribute up to $71 billion to Saudi Arabia's economy by advancing AI-driven solutions tailored to the region's specific need... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#48 | ch as the Public Investment Fund (PIF), to develop AI applications that will benefit sectors like healthcare, finance, oil and gas, and logistics. The initiative focuses on creating localized AI technologies, with an emphasis on integrating Arabic language capabilities and enabling widespread cloud adoption.[141]
In Ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#49 | s cash deal would be Google's biggest ever, as well as it currently being the most expensive deal of 2025. Alphabet reportedly tried to close a deal for only $23 billion in 2024, but this fell apart after concerns about regulatory hurdles, among other issues. Wiz, a company located in the U.S. and Israel, was cofounded... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#50 | tnered with Amazon and Microsoft, as listed in their website. Google reportedly said "the deal would help artificial-intelligence companies get better security and use more than one cloud service."[142]
Products and services
Search engine
Google indexes billions of web pages to allow users to search for the information... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#51 | ch is the dominant search engine in the United States market, with a market share of 65.6%.[144] In May 2017, Google enabled a new "Personal" tab in Google Search, letting users search for content in their Google accounts' various services, including email messages from Gmail and photos from Google Photos.[145][146]
Go... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#52 | gle also hosts Google Books, a service which searches the text found in books in its database and shows limited previews or and the full book where allowed.[148]
Google expanded its search services to include shopping (launched originally as Froogle in 2002),[149] finance (launched 2006),[150] and flights (launched 201... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#53 | igital content products on Google and YouTube, Android and licensing and service fees, including fees received for Google Cloud offerings. Forty-six percent of this profit was from clicks (cost per clicks), amounting to US$109,652 million in 2017. This includes three principal methods, namely AdMob, AdSense (such as Ad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#54 | search requests, Google uses technology from its acquisition of DoubleClick, to project user interest and target advertising to the search context and the user history.[153][154] In 2007, Google launched "AdSense for Mobile", taking advantage of the emerging mobile advertising market.[155]
Google Analytics allows websi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#55 | Google advertisements can be placed on third-party websites in a two-part program. Google Ads allows advertisers to display their advertisements in the Google content network, through a cost-per-click scheme.[157] The sister service, Google AdSense, allows website owners to display these advertisements on their website... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#56 | curs when a person or automated script clicks on advertisements without being interested in the product, causing the advertiser to pay money to Google unduly. Industry reports in 2006 claimed that approximately 14 to 20 percent of clicks were fraudulent or invalid.[159] Google Search Console (rebranded from Google Webm... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#57 | optimize their website's visibility.
Generative artificial intelligence
Google had previously used virtual assistants and chatbots, such as Google Bard, prior to the announcement of Gemini in March 2024. None of them, however, had been seen as legitimate competitors to ChatGPT, unlike Gemini.[160] An AI training progra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#58 | xt-to-video model Veo.[163] In 2025, Google announced SynthID Detector, a tool that uses watermarking to identify whether content such as text, images, audio, or video was generated using Google products.[164]
In 2023, Google released NotebookLM, an online tool for synthesizing documents using Gemini. In September 2024... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#59 | developed LearnLM, a family of language models serving as personal AI tutors.[167]
Consumer services
Web-based services
Google offers Gmail for email,[168] Google Calendar for time-management and scheduling,[169] Google Maps and Google Earth for mapping, navigation and satellite imagery,[170] Google Drive for cloud sto... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#60 | e Keep for note-taking,[173] Google Translate for language translation,[174] YouTube for video viewing and sharing,[175] Google My Business for managing public business information,[176] Google Classroom for managing assignments and communication in education,[177] and Duo for social interaction.[178] A job search prod... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#61 | job boards and career sites.[182] Google Earth, launched in 2005, allows users to see high-definition satellite pictures from all over the world for free through a client software downloaded to their computers.[183]
Software
Google develops the Android mobile operating system,[184] as well as its smartwatch,[185] telev... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#62 | r,[189] and ChromeOS, an operating system based on Chrome.[190]
Hardware
In January 2010, Google released Nexus One, the first Android phone under its own brand.[191] It spawned a number of phones and tablets under the "Nexus" branding[192] until its eventual discontinuation in 2016, replaced by a new brand called Pixe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#63 | , which allows users to stream content from their smartphones to televisions.[195][196]
In June 2014, Google announced Google Cardboard, a simple cardboard viewer that lets the user place their smartphone in a special front compartment to view virtual reality (VR) media.[197]
In October 2016, Google announced Daydream ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#64 | ware products include:
- Nest, a series of voice assistant smart speakers that can answer voice queries, play music, find information from apps (calendar, weather etc.), and control third-party smart home appliances (users can tell it to turn on the lights, for example). The Google Nest line includes the original Googl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#65 | Google Home Hub (later rebranded as the Nest Hub), and the Nest Hub Max.
- Nest Wifi (originally Google Wifi), a connected set of Wi-Fi routers to simplify and extend coverage of home Wi-Fi.[201]
Enterprise services
Google Workspace (formerly G Suite until October 2020[202]) is a monthly subscription offering for organ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#66 | Sheets and Google Slides, with additional administrative tools, unique domain names, and 24/7 support.[203]
On September 24, 2012,[204] Google launched Google for Entrepreneurs, a largely not-for-profit business incubator providing startups with co-working spaces known as Campuses, with assistance to startup founders t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#67 | , Seoul, São Paulo, Tel Aviv, and Warsaw.
On March 15, 2016, Google announced the introduction of Google Analytics 360 Suite, "a set of integrated data and marketing analytics products, designed specifically for the needs of enterprise-class marketers" which can be integrated with BigQuery on the Google Cloud Platform.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#68 | ful insights", and "deliver engaging experiences to the right people".[206] Jack Marshall of The Wall Street Journal wrote that the suite competes with existing marketing cloud offerings by companies including Adobe, Oracle, Salesforce, and IBM.[207]
Internet services
In February 2010, Google announced the Google Fiber... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#69 | erican cities.[208][209] Following Google's corporate restructure to make Alphabet Inc. its parent company, Google Fiber was moved to Alphabet's Access division.[210][211]
In April 2015, Google announced Project Fi, a mobile virtual network operator, that combines Wi-Fi and cellular networks from different telecommunic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#70 | , Google became the first major tech company to join the OpenWallet Foundation, launched earlier in the year, whose goal was creating open-source software for interoperable digital wallets.[214]
Corporate affairs
Stock price performance and quarterly earnings
Google's initial public offering (IPO) took place on August ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#71 | a market capitalization of more than $23 billion.[72] The stock performed well after the IPO, with shares hitting $350 for the first time on October 31, 2007,[215] primarily because of strong sales and earnings in the online advertising market.[216] The surge in stock price was fueled mainly by individual investors, as... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#72 | res.[217] The company is listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the ticker symbols GOOGL and GOOG, and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol GGQ1. These ticker symbols now refer to Alphabet Inc., Google's holding company, since the fourth quarter of 2015.[update][218]
In the third quarter of 2005, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#73 | agazines, and television to the Internet.[219][220][221]
For the 2006 fiscal year, the company reported $10.492 billion in total advertising revenues and only $112 million in licensing and other revenues.[222] In 2011, 96% of Google's revenue was derived from its advertising programs.[223]
Google generated $50 billion ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#74 | nted, "We ended 2012 with a strong quarter ... Revenues were up 36% year-on-year, and 8% quarter-on-quarter. And we hit $50 billion in revenues for the first time last year – not a bad achievement in just a decade and a half."[224]
Google's consolidated revenue for the third quarter of 2013 was reported in mid-October ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#75 | r $10.8 billion of this total, with an increase in the number of users' clicks on advertisements.[226] By January 2014, Google's market capitalization had grown to $397 billion.[227]
Tax avoidance strategies
Google uses various tax avoidance strategies. On the list of largest technology companies by revenue, it pays th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#76 | on-U.S. profits through Ireland and the Netherlands and then to Bermuda. Such techniques lower its non-U.S. tax rate to 2.3 per cent, while normally the corporate tax rate in, for instance, the UK is 28 per cent.[228] This reportedly sparked a French investigation into Google's transfer pricing practices in 2012.[229]
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#77 | ldings back to the U.S.[230]
Google Vice-president Matt Brittin testified to the Public Accounts Committee of the UK House of Commons that his UK sales team made no sales and hence owed no sales taxes to the UK.[231] In January 2016, Google reached a settlement with the UK to pay £130m in back taxes plus higher taxes i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#78 | e ranked 5th in lobbying spending, up from 213th in 2003. In 2012, the company ranked 2nd in campaign donations of technology and Internet sections.[234]
Corporate identity
The name "Google" originated from a misspelling of "googol",[235][236] which refers to the number represented by a 1 followed by one-hundred zeros.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#79 | f googol, or 10100[,] and fits well with our goal of building very large-scale search engines." Having found its way increasingly into everyday language, the verb "google" was added to the Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary in 2006, meaning "to use the Google search engine to obtain... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#80 | make it universally accessible and useful",[238] and its unofficial slogan is "Don't be evil".[239] In October 2015, a related motto was adopted in the Alphabet corporate code of conduct by the phrase: "Do the right thing".[240] The original motto was retained in the code of conduct of Google, now a subsidiary of Alpha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#81 | lternate logos to place on their homepage intended to celebrate holidays, events, achievements and people. The first Google Doodle was in honor of the Burning Man Festival of 1998.[242][243] The doodle was designed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin to notify users of their absence in case the servers crashed. Subsequent Go... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#82 | stille Day in 2000. From that point onward, Doodles have been organized and created by a team of employees termed "Doodlers".[244]
Google has a tradition of creating April Fools' Day jokes. Its first on April 1, 2000, was Google MentalPlex which allegedly featured the use of mental power to search the web.[245] In 2007... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#83 | ushing one end of a fiber-optic cable down their toilet.[246]
Google's services contain easter eggs, such as the Swedish Chef's "Bork bork bork", Pig Latin, "Hacker" or leetspeak, Elmer Fudd, Pirate, and Klingon as language selections for its search engine.[247] When searching for the word "anagram", meaning a rearrang... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#84 | ce 2019, Google runs free online courses to help engineers learn how to plan and author technical documentation better.[249]
Workplace culture
On Fortune magazine's list of the best companies to work for, Google ranked first in 2007, 2008 and 2012,[250][251][252] and fourth in 2009 and 2010.[253][254] Google was also n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#85 | on index.[255] Google's corporate philosophy includes principles such as "you can make money without doing evil", "you can be serious without a suit", and "work should be challenging and the challenge should be fun".[256]
As of September 30, 2020,[update] Alphabet Inc. had 132,121 employees,[257] of which more than 100... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#86 | are men, with the ethnicity of its workforce being predominantly white (51.7%) and Asian (41.9%).[258] Within tech roles, 23.6 percent were women; and 26.7 percent of leadership roles were held by women.[259] In addition to its 100,000+ full-time employees, Google used about 121,000 temporary workers and contractors, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#87 | based on experience and can range "from entry-level data center workers at level one to managers and experienced engineers at level six".[260] As a motivation technique, Google uses a policy known as Innovation Time Off, where Google engineers are encouraged to spend 20% of their work time on projects that interest the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#88 | n a talk at Stanford University, Marissa Mayer, Google's vice-president of Search Products and User Experience until July 2012, showed that half of all new product launches in the second half of 2005 had originated from the Innovation Time Off.[262]
In 2005, articles in The New York Times[263] and other sources began s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#89 | e culture, Google designated a Chief Culture Officer whose purpose was to develop and maintain the culture and work on ways to keep true to the core values that the company was founded on.[267] Google has also faced allegations of sexism and ageism from former employees.[268][269] In 2013, a class action against severa... |
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