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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#400 | ikipedia Pirates Are Exposing Problems (March 2016), Motherboard
- "Dark Side of Wikipedia". Archived from the original on August 4, 2016. Retrieved April 17, 2016. Full Measure with Sharyl Attkisson, April 17, 2016. (Includes video.)
- Wales, Jimmy (December 9, 2016). "How Wikipedia Works". Cato Institute.
Jimmy Wales... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#401 | Knowledge, Part 1: A Wiki is a Kind of Bus, Ideas, with Paul Kennedy, CBC Radio One, originally broadcast January 15, 2014. The webpage includes a link to the archived audio program (also found here). The radio documentary discusses Wikipedia's history, development, and its place within the broader scope of the trend t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#402 | Sue Gardner (audio, 53:58, Flash required).
- "So Is Wikipedia Cracking Up?" The Independent, February 3, 2009.
- Wikipedia's Year-End List Shows What the Internet Needed to Know in 2019. Alyse Stanley, December 27, 2019, Gizmodo.
Academic studies
- Leitch, Thomas (2014). Wikipedia U: Knowledge, authority, and a libera... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#403 | tronic Frontier: Wikipedia Fights the War of 1812" (PDF). The Journal of Military History. 76 (4): 523–556. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2012.
- Yasseri, Taha; Sumi, Robert; Kertész, János (2012). Szolnoki, Attila (ed.). "Circadian Patterns of Wikipedia Editorial Activity: A Demographic Analysis". PL... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#404 | - Goldman, Eric (2010). "Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences". Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law. 8. SSRN 1458162. (A blog post by the author.)
- Nielsen, Finn (August 2007). "Scientific Citations in Wikipedia". First Monday. 12 (8). arXiv:0805.1154. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.246.4536. doi:10.5210... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#405 | Authoring of Wikipedia". Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 12 (1): 88. doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00316.x. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
- Priedhorsky; Reid; Chen, Jilin; Shyong (Tony) K. Lam; Panciera, Katherine; Terveen, Loren; Riedl, John (2007). "Creating, destroying, and restoring value in Wikipedia". P... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#406 | .1.1.123.7456. doi:10.1145/1316624.1316663. ISBN 978-1-59593-845-9. S2CID 15350808.
- Reagle, Joseph (2007). Do as I Do: Authorial Leadership in Wikipedia (PDF). WikiSym '07: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Wikis. Montreal: ACM. hdl:2047/d20002876. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
- Rijshouwer, Emiel (20... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#407 | dam). Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. hdl:1765/113937. ISBN 978-94-028-1371-5. OCLC 1081174169. (Open access)
- Rosenzweig, Roy. Can History be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past. (Originally published in The Journal of American History 93.1 (June 2006): 117–146.)
- Wilkinson, Dennis M.; Huberman, Bernardo ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#408 | 2140W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.342.6933. doi:10.5210/fm.v12i4.1763. hdl:2027.42/136037. S2CID 10484077.
- Halfaker, Aaron; R. Stuart Geiger; Morgan, Jonathan T.; Riedl, John (2012). "The Rise and Decline of an Open Collaboration Community". American Behavioral Scientist. 57 (5): 664. doi:10.1177/0002764212469365. S2CID 144208... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#409 | as a gateway to biomedical research: The relative distribution and use of citations in the English Wikipedia". PLOS One. 12 (12). PLOS: e0190046. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1290046M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190046. PMC 5739466. PMID 29267345.
Books
- Keen, Andrew (2007). The Cult of the Amateur. Doubleday/Currency. ISBN 978-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#410 | the Internet Undermine Culture?". National Public Radio, US. The NPR interview with A. Keen, Weekend Edition Saturday, June 16, 2007.
- Ayers, Phoebe; Matthews, Charles; Yates, Ben (2008). How Wikipedia Works: And How You Can Be a Part of It. San Francisco: No Starch Press. ISBN 978-1-59327-176-3.
- Broughton, John (20... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#411 | roughton, John (2008). Wikipedia Reader's Guide. Sebastopol: Pogue Press. ISBN 978-0-596-52174-5.
- Rafaeli, Sheizaf; Ariel, Yaron (2008). "Online motivational factors: Incentives for participation and contribution in Wikipedia". In Barak, A. (ed.). Psychological aspects of cyberspace: Theory, research, applications. C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#412 | w We are Editing Reality. Siduri. ISBN 978-0-9562052-0-9.
- Lih, Andrew (2009). The Wikipedia Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 978-1-4013-0371-6.
- O'Sullivan, Dan (2009). Wikipedia: a new community of practice?. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#413 | 8394-5862-4.
- Reagle, Joseph Michael Jr. (2010). Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia. Cambridge, MA: the MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-01447-2. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
- Jemielniak, Dariusz (2014). Common Knowledge? An Ethnography of Wikipedia. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-89... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#414 | mitpress/12366.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-262-53817-6. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
- Bruckman, Amy S. (2022). Should You Believe Wikipedia?: Online Communities and the Construction of Knowledge. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108780704. ISBN 978-1-108-78070-4.
Book review–related articles
- Baker, Nicholson. "Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#415 | l, by John Broughton, as listed previously.)
- Crovitz, L. Gordon. "Wikipedia's Old-Fashioned Revolution: The online encyclopedia is fast becoming the best." (Originally published in Wall Street Journal online – April 6, 2009.)
- Postrel, Virginia, "Who Killed Wikipedia? : A hardened corps of volunteer editors is the o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia#416 | fficial website – multilingual portal (contains links to all language editions)
- Wikipedia on Twitter
- Wikipedia on Instagram
- Wikipedia collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Wikipedia topic page at The New York Times
- Video of TED talk by Jimmy Wales on the birth of Wikipedia
- Ro, Christine (February 19... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#0 | History of Wikipedia
Wikipedia, a free-content online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers known as Wikipedians, began with its first edit on 15 January 2001, two days after the domain was registered.[2] It grew out of Nupedia, a more structured free encyclopedia, as a way to allow easier an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#1 | iest known proposal for an online encyclopedia was made by Rick Gates in 1993,[3] and the concept of a free-as-in-freedom online encyclopedia (as distinct from mere open source)[4] was proposed by Richard Stallman in 1998.[5]
Stallman's concept specifically included the idea that no central organization should control ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#2 | he license for Nupedia was changed to GFDL, and Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger launched Wikipedia as a complementary project, using an online wiki as a collaborative drafting tool.[6]
While Wikipedia was initially imagined as a place to draft articles and ideas for eventual polishing in Nupedia, it quickly overtook its p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#3 | ing a wide range of other online reference projects.
In 2014, Wikipedia had approximately 495 million monthly readers.[7] In 2015, according to comScore, Wikipedia received over 115 million monthly unique visitors from the United States alone.[8] In September 2018, the projects saw 15.5 billion monthly page views.[9]
H... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#4 | y of Alexandria and Library of Pergamum, and there are ancient precursors of the idea of a comprehensive encyclopedia, such as Pliny the Elder's Naturalis historia, but the modern concept of a general-purpose, widely distributed, printed encyclopedia originates with Denis Diderot and the 18th-century French encyclopedi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#5 | Otlet's 1934 book Traité de Documentation. Otlet also founded the Mundaneum, an institution dedicated to indexing the world's knowledge, in 1910. This concept of a machine-assisted encyclopedia was further expanded in H. G. Wells' book of essays World Brain (1938) and Vannevar Bush's future vision of the microfilm-base... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#6 | n in 1960.[11]
The use of volunteers was integral in making and maintaining Wikipedia. However, even without the internet, huge complex projects of similar nature had made use of volunteers. Specifically, the creation of the Oxford English Dictionary was conceived with the speech at the London Library, on Guy Fawkes Da... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#7 | f every word in the English language, and to be used democratically and freely. According to author Simon Winchester, "The undertaking of the scheme, he said, was beyond the ability of any one man. To peruse all of English literature – and to comb the London and New York newspapers and the most literate of the magazine... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#8 | robably comprising hundreds and hundreds of unpaid amateurs, all of them working as volunteers."[12]
Advances in information technology in the late 20th century led to changes in the form of encyclopedias. While previous encyclopedias, notably the Encyclopædia Britannica, were often book-based, Microsoft's Encarta, pub... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#9 | ernet encyclopedia projects. An early proposal for an online encyclopedia was Interpedia in 1993 by Rick Gates;[3] this project died before generating any encyclopedic content. Free software proponent Richard Stallman described the usefulness of a "Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource" in 1998.[5] His publ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#10 | immy Wales said that the concept of Wikipedia came when he was a graduate student at Indiana University, where he was impressed with the successes of the open-source movement and found Richard Stallman's Emacs Manifesto promoting free software and a sharing economy interesting. Wales also credits Austrian School econom... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#11 | g about "how to manage the Wikipedia project."[14] The essay asserts that information is decentralized—that each individual only knows a small fraction of what is known collectively—and that as a result, decisions are best made by those with local knowledge, rather than by a central authority. At the time, Wales was st... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#12 | where many examples were having excellent results.[15] According to The Economist, Wikipedia "has its roots in the techno-optimism that characterised the internet at the end of the 20th century. It held that ordinary people could use their computers as tools for liberation, education, and enlightenment."[16]
Formulatio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#13 | ce a free online encyclopedia, volunteered by Bomis, a web-advertising firm owned by Jimmy Wales, Tim Shell and Michael E. Davis.[17][18][19] Nupedia was founded upon the use of qualified volunteer contributors and a considered multi-step peer review process.[20] Despite its mailing list of over 2000 interested editors... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#14 | 12 articles written during the first year.[19]
The Nupedians discussed various ways to create content more rapidly.[18] Wikis had been used elsewhere on the web to organize knowledge,[22] and the idea of a wiki-based complement to Nupedia was seeded by a conversation between Sanger and Ben Kovitz,[23][24][25] and by an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#15 | i "the WikiWikiWeb". He explained to Sanger what wikis were, over a dinner on 2 January 2001.[23][24][25][26] Wales stated in October 2001 that "Larry had the idea to use Wiki software" for people bored by Nupedia process,[27] and later stated in December 2005 that Rosenfeld had introduced him to the wiki concept.[28][... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#16 | UseModWiki (then v. 0.90) be set up as a "feeder" project for Nupedia. Under the subject "Let's make a wiki", he wrote:[32]
No, this is not an indecent proposal. It's an idea to add a little feature to Nupedia. Jimmy Wales thinks that many people might find the idea objectionable, but I think not... As to Nupedia's use... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#17 | mpler, more open projects to either replace or supplement Nupedia. It seems to me wikis can be implemented practically instantly, need very little maintenance, and in general, are very low-risk. They're also a potentially great source of content. So there's little downside, as far as I can determine.
Wales set one up a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#18 | domain on 15 January. On 17 January, the Free Software Foundation's (FSF) GNUPedia project went online, potentially competing with Nupedia,[34] but within a few years the FSF encouraged people "to visit and contribute to [Wikipedia]" instead.[35]
Founding of Wikipedia
There was some hesitation among editors about bindi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#19 | ales proposed launching the new project under its own name, and Sanger proposed Wikipedia, framing it as "a supplementary project to Nupedia which operates entirely independently."[37] A new wiki was launched at wikipedia.com on Monday 15 January 2001. The bandwidth and server (located in San Diego) used for these init... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#20 | co-founder and later CEO of Bomis, and programmer Jason Richey.
Wales stated in December 2008 that he made Wikipedia's first edit, a test edit with the text "Hello, World!", but this may have been to an old version of Wikipedia which soon after was scrapped and replaced by a restart.[38][39] The first recovered edit to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#21 | ce of the project was formally announced and an appeal for volunteers to engage in content creation was made to the Nupedia mailing list on 17 January 2001.[41]
The project received many new participants after being mentioned on the Slashdot website in July 2001,[42] having already earned two minor mentions in March 20... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#22 | July.[45] Between these influxes of traffic, there had been a steady stream of traffic from other sources, especially Google, which alone sent hundreds of new visitors to the site every day. Its first major mainstream media coverage was in The New York Times on 20 September 2001.[46]
Divisions and internationalization
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#23 | t of usernames. The first subdomain created for a non-English Wikipedia was deutsche.wikipedia.com (created on Friday 16 March 2001, 01:38 UTC),[47] followed after a few hours by catalan.wikipedia.com (at 13:07 UTC).[48] The Japanese Wikipedia, started as nihongo.wikipedia.com, was created around that period,[49][50] a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#24 | ge,[51][52] although statistics of that early period are imprecise.[53]
The French Wikipedia was created on or around 11 May 2001,[54] in a wave of new language versions that also included Chinese, Dutch, Esperanto, Hebrew, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish.[55] These languages were soon joined by Arab... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#25 | ] notifying users of an upcoming roll-out of Wikipedias for all major languages, the establishment of core standards, and a push for the translation of core pages for the new wikis. At the end of that year, when international statistics first began to be logged, Afrikaans, Norwegian, and Serbian versions were announced... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#26 | nationalization has continued to increase as the encyclopedia grows. As of 2014[update], about 85% of all Wikipedia articles were in non-English Wikipedia versions.[61] As of 2023[update], the English and Simple English Wikipedias have 7 million articles between them, but roughly 90% of articles were in non-English Wik... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#27 | left both Nupedia and Wikipedia.[63] By 2002, he and Wales differed in their views on how best to manage open encyclopedias. Both still supported the open-collaboration concept, but they disagreed on how to handle disruptive editors, specific roles for experts, and the best way to guide the project to success.
Wales we... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#28 | olved in the community's day-to-day management, but would encourage it to learn to self-manage and find its own best approaches. As of 2007[update], Wales mostly restricted his role to occasional input on serious matters, executive activity, advocacy of knowledge, and encouragement of similar reference projects.
Sanger... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#29 | d. In 2006 he founded Citizendium, an open encyclopedia that used real names for contributors to reduce disruptive editing, and hoped to facilitate "gentle expert guidance" to increase the accuracy of its content. Decisions about article content were to be up to the community, but the site was to include a statement ab... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#30 | historical research.[67] For each Wikipedia article, past versions are accessible through the "View history" link at the top of the page. The full version history of all Wikipedia articles is also available for download as data dumps, in the form of compressed XML files.[68]
In addition, the ZIM File Archive,[69] at In... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#31 | ars. They can be opened with Kiwix software. Between 2007 and 2011, three CD/DVD versions (called Wikipedia Version 0.5, 0.7 and 0.8) containing a selection of articles from English Wikipedia were released. They became available as Kiwix ZIM files, both from the ZIM File Archive[69] and from the Kiwix download site.[70... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#32 | – present
Timeline
First decade: 2000–2009
2000
In March 2000, the Nupedia project was started. Its intention was to publish articles written by experts which would be licensed as free content. Nupedia was founded by Wales, with Sanger as editor-in-chief, and funded by the web-advertising company Bomis.[71]
2001
In Jan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#33 | cess.[72] The name was suggested by Sanger on 11 January 2001 as a portmanteau of the words wiki (Hawaiian for "quick") and encyclopedia.[73] The wikipedia.com and wikipedia.org domain names were registered on 12[74] and 13 January,[75] respectively, with wikipedia.org being brought online on the same day.[76] The proj... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#34 | h, and Italian editions – being created between March and May. The "neutral point of view" (NPOV) policy was officially formulated at this time, and Wikipedia's first slashdotter wave arrived on 26 July.[42] The first media report about Wikipedia appeared in August 2001 in the newspaper Wales on Sunday.[77]
The Septemb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#35 | es.[78] At the time, approximately 100 articles related to 9/11 had been created.[79] After the September 11 attacks, a link to the Wikipedia article on the attacks appeared on Yahoo!'s home page, resulting in a spike in traffic.[80]
2002
2002 saw the reduction of funding for Wikipedia from Bomis and the departure of S... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#36 | kipedia would never run commercial advertising. The first portable MediaWiki software went live on 25 January. Bots were introduced. The first sister project (Wiktionary) and first formal Manual of Style were launched. Close to 200 contributors were editing Wikipedia daily.[81]
2003
The English Wikipedia passed 100,000... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#37 | Wikipedia adopted its jigsaw world logo. Mathematical formulae using TeX were reintroduced to the website. The first Wikipedian social meeting took place in Munich, Germany, in October. The basic principles of English Wikipedia's Arbitration system and committee ("ArbCom") were developed. Wikisource was created as a se... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#38 | wide Wikipedia article pool continued to grow rapidly in 2004, doubling in size in 12 months, from under 500,000 articles in late 2003 to over 1 million in over 100 languages by the end of 2004. The English Wikipedia accounted for just under half of these articles. The website's server farms were moved from California ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#39 | website being blocked in China for two weeks in June. Formal elections began for a board for the Foundation, and an Arbitration Committee on English Wikipedia. The first national chapter of the Foundation, Wikimedia Deutschland, was recognized. The first social meeting in the United States took place in Boston, in July... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#40 | (11th Cir. 2004), a court case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit was one of the earliest court opinions to cite and quote Wikipedia.[83] It stated: "We also reject the notion that the Department of Homeland Security's threat advisory level somehow justifies these searches. Although ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#41 | rity of its time in existence. It has been raised to orange (high) six times.'"[82]
2005
In 2005, Wikipedia became the most popular reference website on the Internet, according to Hitwise, with English Wikipedia alone exceeding 750,000 articles. Wikipedia's first multilingual and subject portals were established in 200... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#42 | . China again blocked Wikipedia in October 2005.
The first major Wikipedia scandal, the Seigenthaler incident, occurred in 2005 when a well-known figure was found to have a vandalized biography that had gone unnoticed for months. In the wake of this and other concerns,[84] the first policy and system changes specifical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#43 | ck puppetry investigations, a new feature called semi-protection, a more strict policy on biographies of living people and the tagging of such articles for stricter review. A restriction of new article creation to registered users only was put in place in December 2005.[85] Wikimania 2005, the first Wikimania conferenc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#44 | a gained its one-millionth article, Jordanhill railway station, on 1 March 2006.[86][87] The first approved Wikipedia article selection was made freely available to download, and "Wikipedia" became registered as a trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation. The congressional aides biography scandals – multiple incidents in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#45 | tention, leading to the resignation of the campaign manager. Nonetheless, Wikipedia was rated as one of the top five global brands of 2006.[88]
Jimmy Wales indicated at Wikimania 2006 that Wikipedia had achieved sufficient volume and called for an emphasis on quality, perhaps best expressed in the call for 100,000 feat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#46 | ntent to be marked as non-viewable. Semi-protection against anonymous vandalism, introduced in 2005, proved more popular than expected, with over 1,000 pages being semi-protected at any given time in 2006.
2007
Wikipedia continued to grow rapidly in 2007, possessing over 5 million registered editor accounts by 13 Augus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#47 | 13 August.[90] The English Wikipedia gained articles at a steady rate of 1,700 a day,[91] with the wikipedia.org domain name ranked the 10th-busiest in the world. Wikipedia continued to garner visibility in the press – the Essjay controversy broke out when a prominent member of Wikipedia was found to have lied about hi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#48 | clopedia addressing people whose notability stemmed from being a participant in a news story by adding a redirect from their name to the larger story, rather than creating a distinct biographical article.[92]
On 9 September 2007, the English Wikipedia gained its two-millionth article, El Hormiguero.[93] There was some ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#49 | kipedia edition, due to automated stub generation by an enthusiast for the Volapük constructed language.[94][95] According to the MIT Technology Review, the number of regularly active editors on the English-language Wikipedia peaked in 2007 at more than 51,000, and has since been declining.[96] In April 2007, Wikipedia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#50 | rticle contents within their scope. In April 2008, the 10-millionth Wikipedia article was created, and by the end of the year the English Wikipedia exceeded 2.5 million articles.
2009
On 25 June 2009 at 22:15 UTC, following the death of Michael Jackson, the website temporarily crashed. The Wikimedia Foundation reported... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#51 | in Wikipedia's history. By late August 2009, the number of articles in all Wikipedia editions had exceeded 14 million.[98] The three-millionth article on the English Wikipedia, Beate Eriksen, was created on 17 August 2009 at 04:05 UTC.[99] On 27 December 2009, the German Wikipedia exceeded one million articles, becomin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#52 | dia content became licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license in 2009.[101]
Second decade: 2010–2019
2010
On 24 March, the European Wikipedia servers went offline due to an overheating problem. Failover to servers in Florida turned out to be broken, causing DNS resolution for Wikipedia to fail acr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#53 | dia than others.[102][103]
On 13 May, the site released a new interface. New features included an updated logo, new navigation tools, and a link wizard.[104] However, the classic interface remained available for those who wished to use it. On 12 December, the English Wikipedia passed the 3.5-million-article mark, while... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#54 | April.[105] In early 2010, Wikipedia Version 0.7 article selection release was published.[97]
2011
Wikipedia and its users held many celebrations worldwide to commemorate the site's 10th anniversary on 15 January.[107] The site began efforts to expand its growth in India, holding its first Indian conference in Mumbai i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#55 | on 18 November. On 7 November 2011, the German Wikipedia exceeded 100 million page edits, becoming the second language edition to do so after the English edition, which attained 500 million page edits on 24 November 2011. The Dutch Wikipedia exceeded 1 million articles on 17 December 2011, becoming the fourth Wikipedia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#56 | a, Israel" stamp was issued by Israel Post on 2 August 2011. This was the first-ever stamp dedicated to a Wikimedia-related project. Between 4 and 6 October 2011, the Italian Wikipedia became intentionally inaccessible in protest against the Italian Parliament's proposed DDL intercettazioni law, which, if approved, wou... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#57 | evidence.[111] Also in October 2011, Wikimedia announced the launch of Wikipedia Zero, an initiative to enable free mobile access to Wikipedia in developing countries through partnerships with mobile operators.[112][113]
2012
On 16 January, Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales announced that the English Wikipedia would shu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#58 | ROTECT IP Act, two anti-piracy laws under debate in the United States Congress. Calling the blackout a "community decision", Wales and other opponents of the laws believed that they would endanger free speech and online innovation.[114] A similar blackout was staged on 10 July by the Russian Wikipedia, in protest again... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#59 | platform for sharing data between all Wikipedia language editions.[116][117] The US$1.7-million Wikidata project was partly funded by Google, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence.[118] Wikimedia Deutschland assumed responsibility for the first phase of Wikidata, and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#60 | March 2013.[119][120]
In April 2012, Justin Knapp became the first single contributor to make over one million edits to Wikipedia.[121][122] Jimmy Wales congratulated Knapp for his work and presented him with the site's Special Barnstar medal and the Golden Wiki award for his achievement.[123] Wales also declared that ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#61 | 25] In October 2012, historian and Wikipedia editor Richard J. Jensen opined that the English Wikipedia was "nearing completion", noting that the number of regularly active editors had fallen significantly since 2007, despite Wikipedia's rapid growth in article count and readership.[126] According to Alexa Internet, Wi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#62 | mber 2012.[128]
2013
On 22 January 2013, the Italian Wikipedia became the fifth language edition of Wikipedia to exceed 1 million articles, while the Russian and Spanish Wikipedias gained their millionth articles on 11 and 16 May respectively. On 15 July the Swedish and on 24 September the Polish Wikipedias gained thei... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#63 | officially renamed "Wikipedia" by the Committee for Small Body Nomenclature.[129]
The first phase of the Wikidata database, automatically providing interlanguage links and other data, became available for all language editions in March 2013.[120] In April 2013, the French secret service was accused of attempting to cen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#64 | deleted.[130]
In July, the VisualEditor editing system was launched, forming the first stage of an effort to allow articles to be edited with a word processor-like interface instead of using wiki markup.[131] An editor specifically designed for smartphones and other mobile devices was also launched.[132]
2014
In Februa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#65 | nched by German Wikipedia contributors.[7] The project sought funding through Indiegogo, and was intended to honor the contributions of Wikipedia's editors.[133] On 22 October 2014, the first monument to Wikipedia was unveiled in the Polish town of Slubice.[134]
On 8 June, 15 June, and 16 July 2014, the Waray Wikipedia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#66 | twelfth Wikipedias to reach that milestone. Despite having very few active users, the Waray and Cebuano Wikipedias had a high number of automatically generated articles created by bots.
2015
In mid-2015, Wikipedia was the world's seventh-most-popular website according to Alexa Internet,[135] down one place from the pos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#67 | a combined total of over 36 million mainspace articles across all 291 language editions.[61] On average, Wikipedia receives a total of 10 billion global pageviews from around 495 million unique visitors every month,[7][136] including 85 million visitors from the United States alone,[8] where it is the sixth-most-popula... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#68 | s it existed on 7 April 2015. Each volume has 700 pages and only 110 were printed by the artist.[137] On 1 November 2015, the English Wikipedia reached 5,000,000 articles with the creation of an article on Persoonia terminalis, a type of shrub.
2016
On 19 January 2016, the Japanese Wikipedia exceeded the one million ar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#69 | rine of the Imperial Japanese Navy. In mid-2016, Wikipedia was once again the world's sixth-most-popular website according to Alexa Internet,[138] up one place from the position it held in the previous year.
2017
In mid-2017, Wikipedia was listed as the world's fifth-most-popular website according to Alexa Internet,[13... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#70 | 29 April 2017, online access to Wikipedia was blocked across all language editions in Turkey by the Turkish authorities. This block lasted until 15 January 2020, as the court of Turkey ruled that the block violated human rights. The encrypted Japanese Wikipedia has been blocked in China since 28 December 2017.[140]
201... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#71 | ilestone. The Chinese Wikipedia has been blocked in Mainland China since May 2015.[141] Later in the year, on 26 June, the Portuguese Wikipedia exceeded the one million article mark, becoming the fifteenth Wikipedia to reach that milestone. The millionth article was Perdão de Richard Nixon (the Pardon of Richard Nixon)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#72 | ble development was the use of Artificial Intelligence to create draft articles on overlooked topics.[143]
2019
On 23 April 2019, Chinese authorities expanded the block of Wikipedia to versions in all languages.[144][145] The timing of the block coincided with the 30th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#73 | ust 2019, according to Alexa.com, Wikipedia fell from fifth-placed to seventh-placed website in the world for global internet engagement.[147]
Third decade: 2020–present
2020
On 23 January 2020, the six millionth article, the biography of Maria Elise Turner Lauder, was added to the English Wikipedia. Despite this growt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#74 | l to the eleventh-placed website in the world for global internet engagement.[147] Both Wikipedia's coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and the supporting edits, discussions, and even deletions were thought to be a useful resource for future historians seeking to understand the period in detail.[148] The World Hea... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#75 | mbat the spread of misinformation.[149][150]
2021
In January 2021, Wikipedia's 20th anniversary was noted in the media.[151][152][153][154] On 13 January 2021, the English Wikipedia reached one billion edits, where the billionth edit was made by Steven Pruitt.[155] MIT Press published an open access book of essays Wiki... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#76 | pedians, Wikimedians, researchers, journalists, librarians and other experts reflecting on particular histories and themes.[156] By November 2021, Wikipedia had fallen to the thirteenth-placed website in the world for global internet engagement.[147]
2022
On 6 December 2022, Wikipedian Richard Knipel created the articl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#77 | th Wikipedia standards. Knipel stated on a talk page that he believed this was the first time anyone had used ChatGPT to compose a Wikipedia article. The posting of this article was criticized by other editors and sparked controversy within the Wikipedia community, leading to an extensive debate about whether ChatGPT a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#78 | lt Wikipedia desktop interface was changed for the first time since 2010, to Vector 2022.[158] The new interface received abundant criticism from users. Many objections focused on the fixed-width layout, which created excessive white space on the margins on wide monitors, leading to a 90,000-word discussion on whether ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#79 | to the old skin. Other criticism was directed at the Wikimedia Foundation for hiring a design team with limited experience on wikis. Brandon Harris, who was a senior designer at Wikipedia from 2010 to 2014, said: "Wikimedia Foundation often hires designers who aren’t familiar with the community, and they come in and tr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#80 | and a contest, the first sound logo of Wikimedia (including Wikipedia) was adopted.[160]
History by subject area
Hardware and software
- The software that runs Wikipedia, and the computer hardware, server farms and other systems upon which Wikipedia relies.
- In January 2001, Wikipedia ran on UseModWiki, written in Per... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#81 | icles were named with the CamelCase convention.
- In January 2002, "Phase II" of the wiki software powering Wikipedia was introduced, replacing the older UseModWiki. Written specifically for the project by Magnus Manske, it included a PHP wiki engine.
- In July 2002, a major rewrite of the software powering Wikipedia w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wikipedia#82 | in response to the increasing demands of the growing project.
- In October 2002, Derek Ramsey created a bot – an automated program called Rambot – to add a large number of articles about United States towns; these articles were automatically generated from U.S. census data. He thus increased the number of Wikipedia art... |
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