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20,174 | # Mariner program
## Mariners 6 and 7 {#mariners_6_and_7}
Mariners 6 and 7 were identical teammates in a two-spacecraft mission to Mars. Mariner 6 was launched on February 24, 1969, followed by Mariner 7 on March 21, 1969. They flew over the equator and southern hemisphere of the planet Mars. They analyzed atmosphere... | 707 | Mariner program | 3 |
20,175 | # Mariner 4
**Mariner 4** (Mariner C-3, together with Mariner 3 known as **Mariner-Mars 1964**) was the fourth in a series of spacecraft intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode. It was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit these observations to Earth. Launched on Novemb... | 1,038 | Mariner 4 | 0 |
20,175 | # Mariner 4
## Mission profile {#mission_profile}
### Launch
After Mariner 3 was a total loss due to failure of the payload shroud to jettison, JPL engineers suggested that there had been a malfunction caused during separation of the metal fairing exterior from the fiberglass inner lining due to pressure differences... | 756 | Mariner 4 | 1 |
20,175 | # Mariner 4
## Mission profile {#mission_profile}
### Mars flyby {#mars_flyby}
The Mariner 4 spacecraft flew by Mars on July 14 and 15, 1965. Its closest approach was 9846 km from the Martian surface at 01:00:57 UT July 15, 1965 (8:00:57 p.m. EST July 14), its distance to Earth was 216 e6km, its speed was 7 km/s rela... | 572 | Mariner 4 | 2 |
20,175 | # Mariner 4
## Results
thumb\|upright=1.5\|right\|Jack N. James (center), JPL\'s Mariner 4 Project Manager, with a group in the White House presenting the spacecraft\'s famous picture Number 11 of Mars to US President Lyndon B. Johnson (center right) in July 1965 The total data returned by the mission was 5.2 million... | 452 | Mariner 4 | 3 |
20,180 | # Musical ensemble
A **musical ensemble**, also known as a **music group**, **musical group**, or a **band** is a group of people who perform instrumental and/or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name. Some music ensembles consist solely of instrumentalists, such as the jazz quartet or the o... | 401 | Musical ensemble | 0 |
20,180 | # Musical ensemble
## Classical chamber music {#classical_chamber_music}
In Western classical music, smaller ensembles are called chamber music ensembles. The terms duo, trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, nonet, and decet describe groups of two up to ten musicians, respectively. A group of eleven musician... | 1,019 | Musical ensemble | 1 |
20,180 | # Musical ensemble
## Vocal group {#vocal_group}
### Based on project type {#based_on_project_type}
- Sub-unit -- a group that is descended from the main group, with smaller number of members. Usually, all the members are from the main group.
- Supergroup -- a musical group formed with members who are already suc... | 129 | Musical ensemble | 2 |
20,180 | # Musical ensemble
## Other western musical ensembles {#other_western_musical_ensembles}
A group that plays popular music or military music is usually called a band; a drum and bugle corps is a type of the latter. These bands perform a wide range of music, ranging from arrangements of jazz orchestral, or popular musi... | 602 | Musical ensemble | 3 |
20,182 | # Military history of Afghanistan
The **Military history of Afghanistan** (*د افغانستان مسلح ځواک*) began before 1709 when the Hotaki dynasty was established in Kandahar followed by the Durrani Empire. The Afghan military was re-organized with assistance from the British in 1880, when the country was ruled by Amir Abd... | 280 | Military history of Afghanistan | 0 |
20,182 | # Military history of Afghanistan
## Origins
Afghans have served in the militaries of the Ghaznavids (963--1187), Ghurids (1148--1215), Delhi Sultanate (1206--1527), Mughals (1526--1858) and the Persian army. The current Afghan military traces its origin to the early 18th century when the Hotaki dynasty rose to power... | 684 | Military history of Afghanistan | 1 |
20,182 | # Military history of Afghanistan
## 20th century {#th_century}
### Soviet aid {#soviet_aid}
After the Third Anglo-Afghan War ended, the reforming Amanullah Khan did not see the need for a large army, instead deciding to rely on Afghanistan\'s historical martial qualities. This resulted in neglect, cutbacks, recruit... | 1,298 | Military history of Afghanistan | 2 |
20,182 | # Military history of Afghanistan
## First Taliban Government period {#first_taliban_government_period}
When the Taliban took power in 1996, the local warlords and their followers fled Kabul to the north of the country. With the backing and support of Pakistan, the Taliban solidified their own state military forces.A... | 976 | Military history of Afghanistan | 3 |
20,182 | # Military history of Afghanistan
## Taliban government since mid-2021 {#taliban_government_since_mid_2021}
As of 15 August 2021, what remained of the Ghani government\'s armed forces were left leaderless and dispersed due to the 2021 Taliban offensive and the Fall of Kabul to the Taliban. Some have since partly regr... | 649 | Military history of Afghanistan | 4 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
**Matilda of Tuscany** (*Matilde di Toscana*; *Matilda* or *Mathilda*; `{{c.|1046}}`{=mediawiki} -- 24 July 1115), or **Matilda of Canossa** (*links=no* `{{IPA|it|maˈtilde di kaˈnɔssa|}}`{=mediawiki}), also referred to as *la Gran Contessa* (\"the Great Countess\"), was a member of the House of Ca... | 569 | Matilda of Tuscany | 0 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Origins of the House of Canossa {#origins_of_the_house_of_canossa}
Although these names were only created by later generations, Matilda came from the noble House of Canossa, also named the Attonids. The oldest proven ancestor of the House of Canossa was the nobleman Sigifred, who lived in the ... | 468 | Matilda of Tuscany | 1 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Parents, birth, and early years {#parents_birth_and_early_years}
Matilda\'s parents, Boniface and Beatrice of Lorraine first met on the occasion of the wedding of Conrad II\'s son Henry with Gunhilda of Denmark in 1036 at the city of Nijmegen shortly after Boniface had become a widower early t... | 1,082 | Matilda of Tuscany | 2 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## First marriage: Godfrey the Hunchback {#first_marriage_godfrey_the_hunchback}
Possibly taking advantage of the minority of Henry IV, Beatrice and Godfrey the Bearded wanted to consolidate the connection between the Houses of Lorraine and of Canossa in the long term by marrying their two childr... | 736 | Matilda of Tuscany | 3 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Co-rulership with her mother Beatrice {#co_rulership_with_her_mother_beatrice}
Matilda\'s bold decision to repudiate her husband came at a cost, but ensured her independence. Beatrice started preparing Matilda for rule as head of the House of Canossa by holding court jointly with her and, even... | 414 | Matilda of Tuscany | 4 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Matilda\'s role during the Investiture Controversy {#matildas_role_during_the_investiture_controversy}
#### State of Matilda\'s domains after her accession to power {#state_of_matildas_domains_after_her_accession_to_power}
After the death of her mother, Mat... | 1,008 | Matilda of Tuscany | 5 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Matilda\'s role during the Investiture Controversy {#matildas_role_during_the_investiture_controversy}
#### Disputes with Henry IV {#disputes_with_henry_iv}
In 1079, Matilda gave the pope all her domains (the so-called *Terre Matildiche*), in open defiance of... | 1,429 | Matilda of Tuscany | 6 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Matilda\'s role during the Investiture Controversy {#matildas_role_during_the_investiture_controversy}
#### Disputes with Henry IV {#disputes_with_henry_iv}
In 1094 Henry IV\'s second wife, the Rurikid princess Eupraxia of Kiev (renamed Adelaide after her mar... | 180 | Matilda of Tuscany | 7 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Matilda\'s role during the Investiture Controversy {#matildas_role_during_the_investiture_controversy}
#### Second marriage: Welf V of Bavaria {#second_marriage_welf_v_of_bavaria}
In 1088 Matilda was facing a new attempt at invasion by Henry IV, and decided t... | 642 | Matilda of Tuscany | 8 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Matilda\'s role during the Investiture Controversy {#matildas_role_during_the_investiture_controversy}
#### Final defeat of Henry IV and new room for maneuvers for Matilda {#final_defeat_of_henry_iv_and_new_room_for_maneuvers_for_matilda}
With the *de facto* ... | 520 | Matilda of Tuscany | 9 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Court culture and rulership {#court_culture_and_rulership}
The court had developed since the twelfth century to a central institution of royal and princely power. The most important tasks were the visualization of the rule through festivals, art, and literatu... | 1,485 | Matilda of Tuscany | 10 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Patronage of churches and hospitals {#patronage_of_churches_and_hospitals}
After the discovery of contemporary diplomas, Elke Goez refuted the widespread notion that the Margravine had given churches and monasteries rich gifts at all times of her life. Very f... | 576 | Matilda of Tuscany | 11 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Adoption of Guido Guidi around 1099 {#adoption_of_guido_guidi_around_1099}
In the later years of her life, Matilda was increasingly faced with the question of who should take over the House of Canossa\'s inheritance. She could no longer have children of her o... | 474 | Matilda of Tuscany | 12 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Matildine Donation {#matildine_donation}
On 17 November 1102 Matilda donated her property to the Apostolic See at Canossa Castle in the presence of the Cardinal Legate Bernardo of San Crisogono. This is a renewal of the donation, as the first diploma was alle... | 419 | Matilda of Tuscany | 13 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Personal rule {#personal_rule}
### Last years and death {#last_years_and_death}
In the last phase of her life, Matilda pursued the plan to strengthen the Abbey of Polirone. The Church of Gonzaga freed them in 1101 from the *malos sacerdotes fornicarios et adulteros* (\"wicked, unchaste, and ad... | 1,203 | Matilda of Tuscany | 14 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Legacy
### High and Late Middle Ages {#high_and_late_middle_ages}
Between 1111 and 1115 Donizo wrote the chronicle *De principibus Canusinis* in Latin hexameters, in which he tells the story of the House of Canossa, especially Matilda. Since the first edition by Sebastian Tengnagel, it has be... | 729 | Matilda of Tuscany | 15 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Legacy
### Early modern times {#early_modern_times}
In the fifteenth century, Matilda\'s marriage to Welf V disappeared from chronicles and narrative literature. Numerous families in Italy tried rather to claim Matilda as their ancestor and to derive their power from her. Giovanni Battista Pan... | 600 | Matilda of Tuscany | 16 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Legacy
### Modern times {#modern_times}
In the nineteenth century, which was enthusiastic about the Middle Ages, the Margravine\'s myth was renewed. The remains of Canossa Castle were rediscovered and Matilda\'s whereabouts became popular travel destinations. In addition, Dante\'s praise for *... | 501 | Matilda of Tuscany | 17 |
20,188 | # Matilda of Tuscany
## Legacy
### Research history {#research_history}
Matilda receives much attention in Italian history. Matildine Congresses were held in 1963, 1970, and 1977. On the occasion of the 900th anniversary of the Walk of Canossa, the Istituto Superiore di Studi Matildici was founded in Italy in 1977 an... | 716 | Matilda of Tuscany | 18 |
20,193 | # Mecklenburg
**Mecklenburg** (`{{IPA|de|ˈmeːklənbʊʁk|-|De-Mecklenburg2.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}; *Mękel(n)borg* `{{IPA|nds|ˈmɛːkəl(n)bɔrx|}}`{=mediawiki}) is a historical region in northern Germany comprising the western and larger part of the federal-state Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The largest cities of the region ar... | 421 | Mecklenburg | 0 |
20,193 | # Mecklenburg
## History
### Early history {#early_history}
Mecklenburg is the site of many prehistoric dolmen tombs. Its earliest organised inhabitants may have had Celtic origins. By no later than 100 BC the area had been populated by pre-Christian Germanic peoples.
The traditional symbol of Mecklenburg, the grin... | 876 | Mecklenburg | 1 |
20,193 | # Mecklenburg
## Coat of arms of the duchies of Mecklenburg {#coat_of_arms_of_the_duchies_of_mecklenburg}
The House of Mecklenburg was founded by Niklot, prince of the Obotrites, Chizzini and Circipani on the Baltic Sea, who died in 1160. His Christian progeny was recognized as prince of the Holy Roman Empire 1170 an... | 416 | Mecklenburg | 2 |
20,193 | # Mecklenburg
## Economy
### Agriculture
A flat landscape, Mecklenburg is known for its farmlands---which produces quinoa, wheat, barley and maize---and its animal husbandry, notably its cattle and the Mecklenburger breed of horse. Recently, given the upheavals and environmental disruptions created by globalisation,... | 146 | Mecklenburg | 3 |
20,200 | # Management science
*Management Science* (journal)}} **Management science** (or **managerial science**) is a wide and interdisciplinary study of solving complex problems and making strategic decisions as it pertains to institutions, corporations, governments and other types of organizational entities. It is closely r... | 454 | Management science | 0 |
20,200 | # Management science
## History
Although management science as it exists now covers a myriad of topics having to do with coming up with solutions that increase the efficiency of a business, it was not even a field of study in the not too distant past. There are a number of businessmen and management specialists who c... | 594 | Management science | 1 |
20,203 | # Marietta Alboni
\[\[<File:Disderi>, Adolphe Eugène (1810-1890) - Alboni, Marietta (1826-1894), contralto 3.jpg\|thumb\|upright\|
Marietta Alboni\
*carte de visite* by E. Disdéri
\]\]
**Maria Anna Marzia** (called **Marietta**) **Alboni** (6 March 1826 -- 23 June 1894) was an Italian contralto opera singer. She is... | 1,034 | Marietta Alboni | 0 |
20,203 | # Marietta Alboni
## Repertoire
The following list of the roles performed by Marietta Alboni was drawn up by Arthur Pougin and published in his biography of the singer. It is reported here with the addition of further works and characters according to the sources stated in footnotes | 48 | Marietta Alboni | 1 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
**Margaret Alice Murray** `{{Post-nominals|country=GBR|FSAs|FRAI}}`{=mediawiki} (13 July 1863 -- 13 November 1963) was an Anglo-Indian Egyptologist, archaeologist, anthropologist, historian, and folklorist. The first woman to be appointed as a lecturer in archaeology in the United Kingdom, she worked... | 505 | Margaret Murray | 0 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Early life {#early_life}
### Youth: 1863--1893 {#youth_18631893}
Margaret Murray was born on 13 July 1863 in Calcutta, then a major military city and the capital of British India. She lived in the city with her parents James and Margaret Murray, an older sister named Mary, and her paternal grand... | 645 | Margaret Murray | 1 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Early life {#early_life}
### Early years at University College London: 1894--1905 {#early_years_at_university_college_london_18941905}
Encouraged by her mother and sister, Murray decided to enrol at the newly opened department of Egyptology at University College London (UCL). At the time of Murra... | 660 | Margaret Murray | 2 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Early life {#early_life}
### Feminism, the First World War, and folklore: 1905--1920 {#feminism_the_first_world_war_and_folklore_19051920}
On returning to London, Murray took an active role in the feminist movement, volunteering and financially donating to the cause and taking part in feminist de... | 947 | Margaret Murray | 3 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Later life {#later_life}
### Witch-cult, Malta, and Menorca: 1921--1935 {#witch_cult_malta_and_menorca_19211935}
Murray\'s interest in folklore led her to develop an interest in the witch trials of Early Modern Europe. In 1917, she published a paper in *Folklore*, the journal of the Folklore Soc... | 950 | Margaret Murray | 4 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Later life {#later_life}
### Petra, Cambridge, and London: 1935--1953 {#petra_cambridge_and_london_19351953}
During Murray\'s 1935 trip to Palestine, she visited Petra in neighbouring Jordan. Intrigued by the site, in March and April 1937 she returned in order to carry out a small excavation in s... | 430 | Margaret Murray | 5 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Later life {#later_life}
### Final years: 1953--1963 {#final_years_19531963}
In 1953, Murray was appointed to the presidency of the Folklore Society following the resignation of former president Allan Gomme. The Society had initially approached John Mavrogordato for the post, but he had declined,... | 473 | Margaret Murray | 6 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Murray\'s witch-cult hypotheses {#murrays_witch_cult_hypotheses}
The later folklorists Caroline Oates and Juliette Wood have suggested that Murray was best known for her witch-cult theory, with biographer Margaret S. Drower expressing the view that it was her work on this subject which \"perhaps ... | 1,503 | Margaret Murray | 7 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Murray\'s witch-cult hypotheses {#murrays_witch_cult_hypotheses}
### Academic reception {#academic_reception}
#### Early support {#early_support}
Upon initial publication, Murray\'s thesis gained a favourable reception from many readers, including some significant scholars, albeit none who were ... | 446 | Margaret Murray | 8 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Murray\'s witch-cult hypotheses {#murrays_witch_cult_hypotheses}
### Academic reception {#academic_reception}
#### Early criticism {#early_criticism}
Murray\'s theories never received support from experts in the Early Modern witch trials, and from her early publications onward many of her ideas w... | 504 | Margaret Murray | 9 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Murray\'s witch-cult hypotheses {#murrays_witch_cult_hypotheses}
### Academic reception {#academic_reception}
#### Academic rejection {#academic_rejection}
Murray\'s work was increasingly criticised following her death in 1963, with the definitive academic rejection of the Murrayite witch-cult th... | 755 | Margaret Murray | 10 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Personal life {#personal_life}
On researching the history of UCL\'s Egyptology department, the historian Rosalind M. Janssen stated that Murray was \"remembered with gratitude and immense affection by all her former students. A wise and witty teacher, two generations of Egyptologists have forever... | 670 | Margaret Murray | 11 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Legacy
### In academia {#in_academia}
Hutton noted that Murray was one of the earliest women to \"make a serious impact upon the world of professional scholarship\", and the archaeologist Niall Finneran described her as \"one of the greatest characters of post-war British archaeology\". Upon her... | 642 | Margaret Murray | 12 |
20,208 | # Margaret Murray
## Legacy
### In Wicca {#in_wicca}
Murray\'s witch-cult theories provided the blueprint for the contemporary Pagan religion of Wicca, with Murray being referred to as the \"Grandmother of Wicca\". The Pagan studies scholar Ethan Doyle White stated that it was the theory which \"formed the historical... | 995 | Margaret Murray | 13 |
20,209 | # March 24
| 3 | March 24 | 0 |
20,210 | # March 23
| 3 | March 23 | 0 |
20,211 | # March 22
| 3 | March 22 | 0 |
20,223 | # March 17
| 3 | March 17 | 0 |
20,224 | # Mummy
A **mummy** is a dead human or an animal whose soft tissues and organs have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold, very low humidity, or lack of air, so that the recovered body does not decay further if kept in cool and dry conditions. Some authorities restrict ... | 471 | Mummy | 0 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## History of mummy studies {#history_of_mummy_studies}
While interest in the study of mummies dates as far back as Ptolemaic Greece, most structured scientific study began at the beginning of the 20th century. Prior to this, many rediscovered mummies were sold as curiosities or for use in pseudoscientific no... | 486 | Mummy | 1 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Egyptian mummies {#egyptian_mummies}
Until recently, it was believed that the earliest ancient Egyptian mummies were created naturally due to the environment in which they were buried. In 2014, an 11-year study by the University of York, Macquarie University and the University of Oxford suggested that arti... | 780 | Mummy | 2 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Egyptian mummies {#egyptian_mummies}
### Mummification and rank {#mummification_and_rank}
Mummification is one of the defining customs in ancient Egyptian society for people today. The practice of preserving the human body is believed to be a quintessential feature of Egyptian life. Yet even mummification ... | 664 | Mummy | 3 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Mummification in other cultures {#mummification_in_other_cultures}
### Africa
In addition to the mummies of Egypt, there have been instances of mummies being discovered in other areas of the African continent. The bodies show a mix of anthropogenic and spontaneous mummification, with some being thousands ... | 427 | Mummy | 4 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Mummification in other cultures {#mummification_in_other_cultures}
### Asia
The mummies of Asia are usually considered to be accidental. The decedents were buried in just the right place where the environment could act as an agent for preservation. This is particularly common in the desert areas of the Tar... | 1,205 | Mummy | 5 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Mummification in other cultures {#mummification_in_other_cultures}
### Europe
thumb\|upright=0.8\|Mummy of Nicolaus Rungius under the floor of St. Michael Church in Keminmaa, Finland The European continent is home to a diverse spectrum of spontaneous and anthropogenic mummies. Some of the best-preserved mu... | 1,199 | Mummy | 6 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Mummification in other cultures {#mummification_in_other_cultures}
### North America {#north_america}
The mummies of North America are often steeped in controversy, as many of these bodies have been linked to still-existing native cultures. While the mummies provide a wealth of historically significant dat... | 541 | Mummy | 7 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Mummification in other cultures {#mummification_in_other_cultures}
### Oceania
Mummies from Oceania are not limited only to Australia. Discoveries of mummified remains have also been located in New Guinea, New Zealand, and the Torres Strait, though these mummies have been historically harder to examine and... | 568 | Mummy | 8 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Mummification in other cultures {#mummification_in_other_cultures}
### South America {#south_america}
The South American continent contains some of the oldest mummies in the world, both deliberate and accidental. The bodies were preserved by the best agent for mummification: the environment. The Pacific co... | 938 | Mummy | 9 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Modern mummies {#modern_mummies}
### Jeremy Bentham {#jeremy_bentham}
In the 1830s, Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, left instructions to be followed upon his death which led to the creation of a sort of modern-day mummy. He asked that his body be displayed to illustrate how the \"horror at ... | 807 | Mummy | 10 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## Treatment of ancient mummies in modern times {#treatment_of_ancient_mummies_in_modern_times}
In the Middle Ages, based on a mistranslation from the Arabic term for bitumen, it was thought that mummies possessed healing properties. As a result, it became common practice to grind Egyptian mummies into a powd... | 605 | Mummy | 11 |
20,224 | # Mummy
## In popular culture {#in_popular_culture}
A 2023 report by *CNN* revealed that a number of museums in Britain were rethinking how they described their displays of ancient Egyptian human remains, known as \"mummies,\" in order to emphasize that these individuals were once living people. The museums started u... | 162 | Mummy | 12 |
20,237 | # Mount Saint Vincent University
**Mount Saint Vincent University**, often referred to as **the Mount**, is a public, primarily undergraduate, university located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and was established in 1873. Mount Saint Vincent offers undergraduate Arts, Science, Education, and Professional Studies und... | 714 | Mount Saint Vincent University | 0 |
20,237 | # Mount Saint Vincent University
## Programs
Mount Saint Vincent University offers over 40 undergraduate arts, sciences, and professional studies degrees. Professional studies programs include Applied Human Nutrition, Business Administration, Child and Youth Study, Family Studies and Gerontology, Information Technolo... | 470 | Mount Saint Vincent University | 1 |
20,237 | # Mount Saint Vincent University
## Art Gallery {#art_gallery}
The Mount Saint Vincent University Art Gallery is located on the first floor of Seton Academic Centre. It opened in 1971 as a resource for Mount Saint Vincent, the communities served by the university, artists, Metro Halifax residents, and the art public.... | 299 | Mount Saint Vincent University | 2 |
20,242 | # Minestrone
**Minestrone** (`{{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|ɪ|n|ə|s|ˈ|t|r|oʊ|n|i}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{IPA|it|mineˈstroːne|lang}}`{=mediawiki}) or ***minestrone di verdure*** is a thick soup of Italian origin based on vegetables. It typically includes onions, carrots, celery, potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes, often legumes, such as beans, ch... | 634 | Minestrone | 0 |
20,254 | # Miranda (moon)
\| density = `{{val|1.148|u=g/cm3}}`{=mediawiki} (calculated) \| surface_grav = `{{Gr|0.06293|235.8}}`{=mediawiki} m/s^2^ \| escape_velocity = `{{V2|0.06293|235.8}}`{=mediawiki} km/s \| rotation = synchronous \| axial_tilt = 0° \| albedo = 0.32 \| temp_name1 = solstice \| mean_temp_1 = `{{nowrap|≈&thi... | 858 | Miranda (moon) | 0 |
20,254 | # Miranda (moon)
## Composition and internal structure {#composition_and_internal_structure}
At 1.15 g/cm^3^, Miranda is the least dense of Uranus\'s round satellites. That density suggests a composition of more than 60% water ice. Miranda\'s surface may be mostly water ice, though it is far rockier than its correspo... | 389 | Miranda (moon) | 1 |
20,254 | # Miranda (moon)
## Geography
Miranda has a unique surface. Among the geological structures that cover it are fractures, faults, valleys, craters, ridges, gorges, depressions, cliffs, and terraces. This moon is a mosaic of highly varied zones. Some areas are older and darker. As such, they bear numerous impact crater... | 636 | Miranda (moon) | 2 |
20,254 | # Miranda (moon)
## Geography
### Coronae
Miranda is one of very few objects in the Solar system to have crowns (also called coronae). The three known coronae observed on Miranda are named Inverness Corona near the south pole, Arden Corona at the apex of the moon\'s orbital motion, and Elsinore Corona at the antapex.... | 761 | Miranda (moon) | 3 |
20,254 | # Miranda (moon)
## Geography
### Impact craters {#impact_craters}
During the close flyby of *Voyager 2* in January 1986, only the craters on the southern hemisphere of Miranda could be observed. They generally had diameters of over 500 m, representing the limit of resolution of the digital images transmitted by the ... | 863 | Miranda (moon) | 4 |
20,254 | # Miranda (moon)
## Origin and formation {#origin_and_formation}
Several scenarios are proposed to explain its formation and geological evolution. One of them postulates that it would result from the accretion of a disk of gas and dust called a \"subnebula\". This sub-nebula either existed around Uranus for some peri... | 1,117 | Miranda (moon) | 5 |
20,261 | # Machete
A **machete** (`{{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|ʃ|ɛ|t|i}}`{=mediawiki}; `{{IPA|es|maˈtʃete}}`{=mediawiki}) is a broad blade used either as an agricultural implement similar to an axe, or in combat like a long-bladed knife. The blade is typically 30 to long and usually under 3 mm thick. In the Spanish language, the word is p... | 780 | Machete | 0 |
20,261 | # Machete
## Cultural influence {#cultural_influence}
The flag of Angola features a machete, along with a cog-wheel.
The southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul has a dance called the *dança dos facões* (machetes\' dance) in which the dancers, who are usually men, bang their machetes against various surfaces w... | 265 | Machete | 1 |
20,282 | # Mechanized infantry
upright=1.35\|right\|thumb\|U.S. Army mechanized infantry dismount from an M113 armored personnel carrier during training in 1985. `{{War}}`{=mediawiki} **Mechanized infantry** are infantry units equipped with armored personnel carriers (APCs) or infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) for transport an... | 298 | Mechanized infantry | 0 |
20,282 | # Mechanized infantry
## History
As early as 1915 the British instigated a tracked vehicle that could carry 50 equipped troops under armour but the project got no further than trials before cancellation. Some of the first mechanized infantry were German assault teams mounted on A7V tanks during World War I. The vehic... | 618 | Mechanized infantry | 1 |
20,282 | # Mechanized infantry
## History
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
As World War II progressed, most major armies integrated tanks or assault guns with mechanized infantry, as well as other supporting arms, such as artillery and combat engineers, as combined arms units.
Allied armored formations included a mechanized ... | 583 | Mechanized infantry | 2 |
20,282 | # Mechanized infantry
## History
### Cold War {#cold_war}
On July 9, 1945, Decree of the State Defence Committee No. GKO-9488ss, \"On the Resupply of Armored and Mechanized Forces of the Red Army\" was issued. It ordered the creation of mechanised divisions from many rifle divisions, included in the Armored and Mecha... | 804 | Mechanized infantry | 3 |
20,282 | # Mechanized infantry
## Present day {#present_day}
At present, almost all infantry units from industrialized nations are provided with some type of motor transport. Infantry units equipped with IFVs rather than lighter vehicles are commonly designated as \"heavy\", indicating more combat power but also more costly l... | 638 | Mechanized infantry | 4 |
20,282 | # Mechanized infantry
## Combined arms operations {#combined_arms_operations}
It is generally accepted that single weapons system types are much less effective without the support of the full combined arms team; the pre-World War II notion of \"tank fleets\" has proven to be as unsound as the World War I idea of unsu... | 203 | Mechanized infantry | 5 |
20,299 | # MOS Technology 6510
thumb\|300px\|Internals of a Commodore 64 showing the 6510 CPU (40-pin DIP, lower left). The chip on the right is the 6581 SID. The production week/year (WWYY) of each chip is given below its name.
The **MOS Technology 6510** is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by MOS Technology. It is a modifie... | 470 | MOS Technology 6510 | 0 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
The **6800** (\"*sixty-eight hundred*\") is an 8-bit microprocessor designed and first manufactured by Motorola in 1974. The MC6800 microprocessor was part of the M6800 Microcomputer System (later dubbed *68xx*) that also included serial and parallel interface ICs, RAM, ROM and other support chips. A s... | 321 | Motorola 6800 | 0 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### Motorola\'s history in semiconductors {#motorolas_history_in_semiconductors}
thumb\|upright \| Motorola began making semiconductors in the 1950s. Galvin Manufacturing Corporation was founded in 1928; the company name was changed to Motorola in 1947. They began commercial production of ... | 383 | Motorola 6800 | 1 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### Development team {#development_team}
Customers continued to approach the company with new ideas, and it became increasingly obvious that these concepts could be implemented using a single flexible microprocessor design. A new effort began in late 1971, but in early 1972, the marketing d... | 1,067 | Motorola 6800 | 2 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### MC6800 microprocessor design {#mc6800_microprocessor_design}
thumb\|upright=1.5\| A Motorola MC6800 microprocessor registers and I/O lines
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------... | 551 | Motorola 6800 | 3 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### MOS ICs {#mos_ics}
thumb\|upright=.75 \| A silicon wafer holding many integrated circuit chips
The first-generation metal--oxide--semiconductor (MOS) chips used p-channel field-effect transistors, known as p-channel MOSFETs (p-channel describes the configuration of the transistor). The... | 490 | Motorola 6800 | 4 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### M6800 family introduction {#m6800_family_introduction}
thumb\|upright=1.5 \| An early advertisement for the Motorola\'s M6800 family microcomputer system
The March 7, 1974 issue of *Electronics* had a two-page story on the Motorola MC6800 microprocessor along with the MC6820 Peripheral... | 413 | Motorola 6800 | 5 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### Design team breakup {#design_team_breakup}
The principal design effort on the M6800 family was complete in mid-1974, and many engineers left the group or the company. Several factors led to the break-up of the design group.
Motorola had opened a new MOS semiconductor facility in Austin... | 901 | Motorola 6800 | 6 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## History
### Move to Austin {#move_to_austin}
Gary Daniels was designing ICs for electronic wristwatches when Motorola shut down their Timepiece Electronics Unit. Tom Bennett offered him a job in the microprocessor group in November 1974. Bennett did not want to leave the Phoenix area so Gary Daniel... | 969 | Motorola 6800 | 7 |
20,301 | # Motorola 6800
## Use in personal computers {#use_in_personal_computers}
The MITS Altair 8800, the first successful personal computer, used the Intel 8080 microprocessor and was featured on the January 1975 cover of *Popular Electronics*. The first personal computers using the Motorola 6800 were introduced in late 1... | 587 | Motorola 6800 | 8 |
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