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Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(A)
Equipment for use with electric-discharge lighting systems and designed for an open-circuit voltage of 1000 volts or less shall be of a type identified for such service. [410.130(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(B)
The terminals of an electric-discharge lamp shall be considered as energized where any lamp terminal is connected to a circuit of over 300 volts. [410.130(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(C)
Transformers of the oil-filled type shall not be used. [410.130(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(D)
In addition to complying with the general requirements for luminaires, such equipment shall comply with Part XII of this article. [410.130(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(E)(1)
The ballast of a fluorescent luminaire installed indoors shall have integral thermal protection. Replacement ballasts shall also have thermal protection integral with the ballast. [410.130(E)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(1)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(E)(2)
A simple reactance ballast in a fluorescent luminaire with straight tubular lamps shall not be required to be thermally protected. [410.130(E)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(2)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(E)(3)
A ballast in a fluorescent exit luminaire shall not have thermal protection. [410.130(E)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(3)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(E)(4)
A ballast in a fluorescent luminaire that is used for egress lighting and energized only during a failure of the normal supply shall not have thermal protection. [410.130(E)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(E)(4)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(F)(1)
Recessed high-intensity luminaires designed to be installed in wall or ceiling cavities shall have thermal protection and be identified as thermally protected. [410.130(F)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(1)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(F)(2)
Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed high-intensity luminaire whose design, construction, and thermal performance characteristics are equivalent to a thermally protected luminaire and are identified as inherently protected. [410.130(F)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(2)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(F)(3)
Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed high-intensity discharge luminaire identified for use and installed in poured concrete. [410.130(F)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(3)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(F)(4)
A recessed remote ballast for a high-intensity discharge luminaire shall have thermal protection that is integral with the ballast and shall be identified as thermally protected. [410.130(F)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(4)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.130(F)(5)
Luminaires that use a metal halide lamp other than a thick-glass parabolic reflector lamp (PAR) shall be provided with a containment barrier that encloses the lamp, or shall be provided with a physical means that only allows the use of a lamp that is Type O. Informational Note: See ANSI C78.389, American National Standard for Electric Lamps -High Intensity Discharge, Methods of Measuring Characteristics. [410.130(F)(5)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(5))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.130(F)(5)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.134
Luminaires installed on dc circuits shall be equipped with auxiliary equipment and resistors designed for dc operation. The luminaires shall be marked for dc operation. [410.134](https://2023.antflix.net#410.134)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.134
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.135
Equipment having an open-circuit voltage exceeding 300 volts shall not be installed in dwelling occupancies unless such equipment is designed so that there will be no exposed live parts when lamps are being inserted, are in place, or are being removed. [410.135](https://2023.antflix.net#410.135)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.135
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.136(A)
Luminaires that have exposed ballasts, transformers, LED drivers, or power supplies shall be installed such that ballasts, transformers, LED drivers, or power supplies shall not be in contact with combustible material unless listed for such condition. [410.136(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.136(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.136(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.136(B)
Where a surface-mounted luminaire containing a ballast, transformer, LED driver, or power supply is to be installed on combustible low-density cellulose fiberboard, it shall be marked for this condition or shall be spaced not less than 38 mm (11/2 in.) from the surface of the fiberboard. Where such luminaires are partially or wholly recessed, 410.110 through 410.126 shall apply. Informational Note: See ASTM E84-20, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, or ANSI/UL 723-2018, Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials. Combustible low-density cellulose fiberboard includes sheets, panels, and tiles that have a density of 320 kg/m3 (20 lb/ft3) or less and that are formed of bonded plant fiber material but does not include solid or laminated wood or fiberboard that has a density in excess of 320 kg/m3 (20 lb/ft3) or is a material that has been integrally treated with fire-retarding chemicals to the degree that the flame spread index in any plane of the material will not exceed 25, determined in accordance with tests for surface burning characteristics of building materials. [410.136(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.136(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.136(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.137(A)
Auxiliary equipment, including reactors, capacitors, resistors, and similar equipment, where not installed as part of a luminaire assembly, shall be enclosed in accessible, permanently installed metal cabinets. [410.137(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.137(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.137(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.137(B)
Separately mounted ballasts, transformers, LED drivers, or power supplies that are listed for direct connection to a wiring system shall not be required to be additionally enclosed. [410.137(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.137(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.137(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.137(C)
Wired luminaire sections are paired, with a ballast(s) or LED driver(s) supplying a light source or light sources in both. For interconnection between paired units, it shall be permissible to use metric designator 12 (trade size 3/8) flexible metal conduit in lengths not exceeding 7.5 m (25 ft), installed in accordance with Part II of Article 348. Luminaire wire operating at line voltage, supplying only the ballast(s) or LED driver(s) of one of the paired luminaires, shall be permitted in the same raceway as the light source supply wires of the paired luminaires where the voltage rating of the light source supply wires is greater than the line voltage. [410.137(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.137(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.137(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.138
An autotransformer that is used to raise the voltage to more than 300 volts, as part of a ballast for supplying lighting units, shall be supplied only by a grounded system. [410.138](https://2023.antflix.net#410.138)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.138
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.139
Snap switches shall comply with 404.14. [410.139](https://2023.antflix.net#410.139)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.139
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.140(A)
Electric-discharge lighting systems with an open-circuit voltage exceeding 1000 volts shall be listed and installed in conformance with that listing. [410.140(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.140(B)
Equipment that has an open-circuit voltage exceeding 1000 volts shall not be installed in or on dwelling occupancies. [410.140(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.140(C)
The terminal of an electric-discharge lamp shall be considered as a live part. [410.140(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.140(D)
In addition to complying with the general requirements for luminaires, such equipment shall comply with Part XIII of this article. [410.140(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.140(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.141(A)
Luminaires or lamp installation shall be controlled either singly or in groups by an externally operable switch or circuit breaker that opens all ungrounded primary conductors. [410.141(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.141(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.141(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.141(B)
The switch or circuit breaker shall be located within sight from the luminaires or lamps, or it shall be permitted to be located elsewhere if it is lockable open in accordance with 110.25. [410.141(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.141(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.141(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.142
Parts that must be removed for lamp replacement shall be hinged or held captive. Lamps or lampholders shall be designed so that there are no exposed live parts when lamps are being inserted or removed. [410.142](https://2023.antflix.net#410.142)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.142
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.143(A)
Transformers shall be enclosed, identified for the use, and listed. [410.143(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.143(B)
The secondary circuit voltage shall not exceed 15,000 volts, nominal, under any load condition. The voltage to ground of any output terminals of the secondary circuit shall not exceed 7500 volts under any load conditions. [410.143(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.143(C)
Transformers shall have a secondary short-circuit current rating of not more than 150 mA if the open-circuit voltage is over 7500 volts, and not more than 300 mA if the open-circuit voltage rating is 7500 volts or less. [410.143(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.143(D)
Secondary circuit outputs shall not be connected in parallel or in series. [410.143(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.143(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.144(A)
Transformers shall be accessible after installation. [410.144(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.144(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.144(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.144(B)
Transformers shall be installed as near to the lamps as practicable to keep the secondary conductors as short as possible. [410.144(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.144(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.144(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.144(C)
Transformers shall be located so that adjacent combustible materials are not subjected to temperatures in excess of 90°C (194°F). [410.144(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.144(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.144(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.145
Lamps shall not be located where normally exposed to physical damage. [410.145](https://2023.antflix.net#410.145)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.145
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.146
Each luminaire or each secondary circuit of tubing having an open-circuit voltage of over 1000 volts shall have a clearly legible marking in letters not less than 6 mm (1/4 in.) high reading "Caution _____ volts." The voltage indicated shall be the rated open-circuit voltage. The caution sign(s) or label(s) shall comply with 110.21 (B). [410.146](https://2023.antflix.net#410.146)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.146
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.150(A)
Lighting track shall be permanently installed and permanently connected to a branch circuit. Only lighting track fittings shall be installed on lighting track. Lighting track fittings shall not be equipped with general-purpose receptacles. [410.150(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.150(B)
The connected load on lighting track shall not exceed the rating of the track. Lighting track shall be supplied by a branch circuit having a rating not more than that of the track. The load calculation in 220.46(B) shall not be required to limit the length of track on a single branch circuit, and it shall not be required to limit the number of luminaires on a single track. [410.150(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.150(C)
Lighting track shall not be installed in the following locations: Where likely to be subjected to physical damageIn wet or damp locationsWhere subject to corrosive vaporsIn storage battery roomsIn hazardous (classified) locationsWhere concealedWhere extended through walls or partitionsLess than 1.5 m (5 ft) above the finished floor except where protected from physical damage or track operating at less than 30 volts rms open-circuit voltageWhere prohibited by 410.10(D) [410.150(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.150(D)
Fittings identified for use on lighting (rack shall be designed specifically for the track on which they are to be installed. They shall be securely fastened to the track, shall maintain polarization and connections to the equipment grounding conductor, and shall be designed to be suspended directly from the track. [410.150(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.150(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.153
Heavy-duty lighting track is lighting track identified for use exceeding 20 amperes. Each fitting attached to a heavy-duty lighting track shall have individual overcurrent protection. [410.153](https://2023.antflix.net#410.153)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.153
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.154
Lighting track shall be securely mounted so that each fastening is suitable for supporting the maximum weight of luminaires that can be installed. Unless identified for supports at greater intervals, a single section 1.2 m (4 ft) or shorter in length shall have two supports, and, where installed in a continuous row, each individual section of not more than 1.2 m (4 ft) in length shall have one additional support. [410.154](https://2023.antflix.net#410.154)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.154
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.155(A)
The housing for the lighting track system shall be of substantial construction to maintain rigidity. The conductors shall be installed within the track housing, permitting insertion of a luminaire, and designed to prevent tampering and accidental contact with live parts. Components of lighting track systems of different voltages shall not be interchangeable. The track conductors shall be a minimum 12 AWG or equal and shall be copper. The track system ends shall be insulated and capped. [410.155(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.155(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.155(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.155(B)
Lighting track shall be connected to the equipment grounding conductor in accordance with Part V of this article, and the track sections shall be securely coupled to maintain continuity of the circuitry, polarization, and grounding throughout. [410.155(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.155(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.155(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.160
Decorative lighting and similar accessories used for holiday lighting and similar purposes, in accordance with 590.3(B), shall be listed. [410.160](https://2023.antflix.net#410.160)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.160
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.170
Luminaires complying with Parts, I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X, XI, and XII of this article shall be permitted to be used for horticultural lighting. Part XVI shall additionally apply to lighting equipment specifically identified for horticultural use. Informational Note: Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use is designed to provide a spectral characteristic needed for the growth of plants and can also provide supplemental general illumination within the growing environment. [410.170](https://2023.antflix.net#410.170)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.170
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.172
Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use shall be listed. [410.172](https://2023.antflix.net#410.172)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.172
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.174
Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use shall be installed and used in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and installation markings on the equipment as required by that listing. [410.174](https://2023.antflix.net#410.174)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.174
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.176(A)
Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use shall not be installed as lighting for general illumination unless such use is indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. [410.176(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.176(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.176(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.176(B)
Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use shall not be installed where it is likely to be subject to physical damage or where concealed. [410.176(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.176(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.176(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.178
Flexible cord shall only be permitted when provided as part of listed lighting equipment identified for horticultural use for any of the following uses: Connecting a horticultural lighting luminaire directly to a branch circuit outletInterconnecting horticultural lighting luminairesConnecting a horticultural lighting luminaire to a remote power sourceInformational Note: Remote power sources include LED drivers, fluorescent ballasts, or HID ballasts. [410.178](https://2023.antflix.net#410.178)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.178
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.180
Fittings and connectors attached to flexible cords shall be provided as part of a listed horticultural lighting equipment device or system and installed in accordance with the instructions provided as part of that listing. [410.180](https://2023.antflix.net#410.180)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.180
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.182
Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use shall be connected to the equipment grounding conductor in accordance with Part V of this article. [410.182](https://2023.antflix.net#410.182)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.182
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.184
Lighting equipment identified for horticultural use and employing flexible cord(s) with one or more separable connector(s) or attachment plug(s) shall be supplied by lighting outlets protected by a listed GFCI. Exception: Circuits exceeding 150 volts to ground shall be protected by a listed SPGFCI. Informational Note: See UL 943C, Outline of Investigation for Special Purpose Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupters, for information on special purpose ground-fault circuit interrupters. [410.184](https://2023.antflix.net#410.184)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.184
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.186
Fittings identified for support of horticultural lighting equipment shall be used in accordance with the installation instructions provided and shall be securely fastened. [410.186](https://2023.antflix.net#410.186)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.186
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.191
Luminaires intended to emit germicidal irradiation shall be listed and identified as germicidal equipment. [410.191](https://2023.antflix.net#410.191)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.191
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.193
Luminaires shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and equipment markings. [410.193](https://2023.antflix.net#410.193)
https://2023.antflix.net#410.193
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.195(A)
Luminaires shall not be installed as lighting for general illumination unless such use is indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. [410.195(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.195(B)
Luminaires shall not be installed where likely to be subject to physical damage. [410.195(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.195(C)
Luminaires shall not be installed in a dwelling unless listed and identified for use in dwellings. [410.195(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.195(D)
Luminaires installed in a building space that will be occupied during luminaire operation shall not be mounted below the minimum height specified by its listing and installation instructions. [410.195(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.195(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.197(A)
A germicidal irradiation system intended to provide a safeguard against UV exposure by ensuring that a building space will not be occupied during luminaire operation shall be listed and identified as a germicidal system. [410.197(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.197(B)
All system components shall be provided by the system manufacturer or clearly specified in the installation instructions as a component that the installer is required to source separately. [410.197(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.197(C)
A germicidal irradiation system shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and installation markings. [410.197(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
410.197(D)
A germicidal irradiation system shall not be installed in a dwelling unless listed and identified for use in dwellings. [410.197(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#410.197(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.1
This article covers low voltage lighting systems and their associated components. [411.1](https://2023.antflix.net#411.1)
https://2023.antflix.net#411.1
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.2
Listed low-voltage lighting systems or a lighting system assembled from listed parts shall not be reconditioned. [411.2](https://2023.antflix.net#411.2)
https://2023.antflix.net#411.2
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.2(A)
The luminaires, power supply, and luminaire fittings (including the exposed bare conductors) of a low-voltage lighting system shall be listed for use as part of the same identified lighting system. [411.2(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.2(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.2(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.2(B)
A lighting system assembled from the following listed parts shall be permitted: Low-voltage luminaires identified for the usePower supply identified for the useLow-voltage luminaire fittings identified for the useSuitably rated cord or cable, or any Chapter 3 wiring method for the secondary circuit [411.2(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.2(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.2(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.3
The operating voltage of low-voltage lighting systems and their associated components shall not exceed 30 volts ac or 60 volts dc. If wet contact is likely to occur, the operating voltage of low-voltage lighting systems and their associated components shall not exceed 15 volts ac or 30 volts dc. Informational Note: See 680.1 for swimming pools, fountains, and similar installations. [411.3](https://2023.antflix.net#411.3)
https://2023.antflix.net#411.3
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.4
Low voltage lighting systems shall consist of an isolating power supply, low-voltage luminaires, and associated equipment that are all identified for the use. The output circuits of the power supply shall be rated for 25 amperes maximum under all load conditions. [411.4](https://2023.antflix.net#411.4)
https://2023.antflix.net#411.4
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.6(A)
Conductors concealed or extended through a wall, floor, or ceiling shall be in accordance with one of the following: Installed using any of the wiring methods specified in Chapter 3Installed using wiring supplied by a listed Class 2 power source and installed in accordance with 725.130 [411.6(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.6(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.6(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.6(B)
Lighting systems shall be installed not less than 3 m (10 ft) horizontally from the nearest edge of the water, unless permitted elsewhere in this Code. [411.6(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.6(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.6(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.7(A)
Secondary circuits shall not be grounded. Exception: Secondary circuits supplied by a Class 2 power source listed and identified as suitable for secondary grounding shall be permitted to be grounded. [411.7(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.7(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.7(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.7(B)
The secondary circuit shall be insulated from the branch circuit by an isolating transformer. [411.7(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.7(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.7(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.7(C)
Exposed bare conductors and current-carrying parts shall be permitted for indoor installations only. Bare conductors shall not be installed less than 2.1 m (7 ft) above the finished floor, unless specifically listed for a lower installation height. [411.7(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#411.7(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#411.7(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
411.8
Lighting systems covered by this article shall be supplied from a maximum 20-ampere branch circuit. [411.8](https://2023.antflix.net#411.8)
https://2023.antflix.net#411.8
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.1
This article covers electrical appliances used in any occupancy. [422.1](https://2023.antflix.net#422.1)
https://2023.antflix.net#422.1
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.5(A)
Appliances identified in 422.5(A)(1) through (A)(7) 150 volts or less to ground and 60 amperes or less, single- or 3-phase, shall be provided with Class A protection for personnel. Multiple Class A protective devices shall be permitted but shall not be required. Automotive vacuum machinesDrinking water coolers and bottle fill stationsCord-and-plug-connected high-pressure spray washing machinesTire inflation machinesVending machinesSump pumpsDishwashersInformational Note: Section 210.8 specifies requirements for GFCI protection for the branch-circuit outlet where the covered location warrants such protection. [422.5(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.5(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.5(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.5(B)
The GFCI shall be readily accessible, listed, and located in one or more of the following locations: Within the branch-circuit overcurrent deviceA device or outlet within the supply circuitAn integral part of the attachment plugWithin the supply cord not more than 300 mm (12 in.) from the attachment plugFactory installed within the appliance [422.5(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.5(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.5(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.6
All appliances supplied by 50 volts or higher shall be listed. [422.6](https://2023.antflix.net#422.6)
https://2023.antflix.net#422.6
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.10
Branch circuits supplying appliances shall comply with 422.10(A) or (B). [422.10](https://2023.antflix.net#422.10)
https://2023.antflix.net#422.10
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.10(A)
Individual branch circuits supplying appliances shall comply with the following as applicable: The ampacities of branch-circuit conductors shall not be less than the marked rating of the appliance or the marked rating of an appliance having combined loads.The ampacities of branch-circuit conductors for motor-operated appliances not having a marked rating shall be in accordance with Part II of Article 430.The branch-circuit rating for an appliance that is a continuous load, other than a motor-operated appliance, shall not be less than 125 percent of the marked rating, or not less than 100 percent of the marked rating if the branch-circuit device and its assembly are listed for continuous loading at 100 percent of its rating.Branch circuits and branch-circuit conductors for household ranges and cooking appliances shall be permitted to be in accordance with Table 220.55 and shall be sized in accordance with 210.19(C). [422.10(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.10(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.10(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.10(B)
For branch circuits supplying appliances and other loads, the rating shall be determined in accordance with 210.23. [422.10(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.10(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.10(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11
Appliances shall be protected against overcurrent in accordance with 422.11(A) through (G) and 422.10. [422.11](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11)
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(A)
Branch circuits shall be protected in accordance with 240.4. If a protective device rating is marked on an appliance, the branch-circuit overcurrent device rating shall not exceed the protective device rating marked on the appliance. [422.11(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(B)
Household-type appliances with surface heating elements having a maximum demand of more than 60 amperes calculated in accordance with Table 220.55 shall have their power supply subdivided into two or more circuits, each of which shall be provided with overcurrent protection rated at not over 50 amperes. [422.11(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(B)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(C)
Infrared lamp commercial and industrial heating appliances shall have overcurrent protection not exceeding 50 amperes. [422.11(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(C)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(D)
Open-coil or exposed sheathed-coil types of surface heating elements in commercial-type heating appliances shall be protected by overcurrent protective devices rated at not over 50 amperes. [422.11(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(D)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(E)
If the branch circuit supplies a single non-motor-operated appliance, the rating of overcurrent protection shall comply with the following: Not exceed the overcurrent protection rating marked on the appliance.Not exceed 20 amperes if the overcurrent protection rating is not marked and the appliance is rated 13.3 amperes or less.Not exceed 150 percent of the appliance rated current if the overcurrent protection rating is not marked and the appliance is rated over 13.3 amperes. Where 150 percent of the appliance rating does not correspond to a standard overcurrent device ampere rating, the next higher standard rating shall be permitted. [422.11(E)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(E))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(E)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(F)(1)
Electric heating appliances employing resistance-type heating elements rated more than 48 amperes, other than household appliances with surface heating elements covered by 422.11(B), and commercial-type heating appliances covered by 422.11(D), shall have the heating elements subdivided. Each subdivided load shall not exceed 48 amperes, and each subdivided load shall be protected at not more than 60 amperes. These supplementary overcurrent protective devices shall be (1) factory-installed within or on the heater enclosure or provided as a separate assembly by the heater manufacturer; (2) accessible; and (3) suitable for branch-circuit protection. The main conductors supplying these overcurrent protective devices shall be considered branch-circuit conductors. [422.11(F)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(F)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(F)(1)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(F)(2)
Commercial kitchen and cooking appliances using sheathed-type heating elements not covered in 422.11 (D) shall be permitted to be subdivided into circuits not exceeding 120 amperes and protected at not more than 150 amperes where one of the following is met: Elements are integral with and enclosed within a cooking surface.Elements are completely contained within an enclosure identified as suitable for this use.Elements are contained within an ASME-rated and stamped vessel. [422.11(F)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(F)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(F)(2)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(F)(3)
Resistance-type immersion electric heating elements shall be permitted to be subdivided into circuits not exceeding 120 amperes and protected at not more than 150 amperes as follows: Where contained in ASME-rated and stamped vesselsWhere included in listed instantaneous water heatersWhere installed in low-pressure water heater tanks or open-outlet water heater vesselsInformational Note: See IEC 60335-2-21, Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Particular requirements for storage water heaters, for information on low-pressure and open-outlet heaters are atmospheric pressure water heaters [422.11(F)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(F)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(F)(3)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.11(G)
Motors of motor-operated appliances shall be provided with overload protection in accordance with Part III of Article 430. Hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors in air-conditioning or refrigerating equipment shall be provided with overload protection in accordance with Part VI of Article 440. Where appliance overcurrent protective devices that are separate from the appliance are required, data for selection of these devices shall be marked on the appliance. The minimum marking shall be that specified in 430.7 and 440.4. [422.11(G)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(G))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.11(G)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.12
Central heating equipment other than fixed electric space-heating equipment shall be supplied by an individual branch circuit. Exception No. 1: Auxiliary equipment, such as a pump, valve, humidifier, or electrostatic air cleaner directly associated with the heating equipment, shall be permitted to be connected to the same branch circuit. Exception No. 2: Permanently connected air-conditioning equipment shall be permitted to be connected to the same branch circuit. [422.12](https://2023.antflix.net#422.12)
https://2023.antflix.net#422.12
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.13
The branch-circuit over-current device and conductors for fixed storage-type water heaters that have a capacity of 450 L (120 gal) or less shall have an ampere rating of not less than 125 percent of the ampere rating of the water heater. Informational Note: See 422.10 for branch-circuit rating. [422.13](https://2023.antflix.net#422.13)
https://2023.antflix.net#422.13
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.16(A)
Flexible cord shall be permitted as follows: To connect appliances to facilitate their frequent interchange or to prevent the transmission of noise or vibration.To facilitate the removal or disconnection of appliances that are fastened in place, where the fastening means and mechanical connections are specifically designed to permit ready removal for maintenance or repair and the appliance is intended or identified for flexible cord connection.All cord-and-plug-connected electrically heated appliances that produce temperatures in excess of 121°C (250°F) on surfaces with which the cord is likely to be in contact shall be provided with one of the types of heater cords listed in Table 400.4. [422.16(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.16(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.16(A)
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
422.16(B)(1)
Electrically operated in-sink waste disposers shall be permitted to be cord-and-plug-connected with a flexible cord identified as suitable in the installation instructions of the appliance manufacturer where all of the following conditions are met: The length of the cord is not less than 450 mm (18 in.) and not exceeding 900 mm (36 in.).Receptacles are located to protect against physical damage to the flexible cord.The receptacle is accessible.The flexible cord has an equipment grounding conductor and is terminated with a grounding-type attachment plug.Exception: A listed appliance distinctly marked to identify it as protected by a system of double insulation shall not be required to be terminated with a grounding-type attachment plug. [422.16(B)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#422.16(B)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#422.16(B)(1)