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LK-99 [ 2 ] also called PCPOSOS , [ 3 ] is a gray–black, polycrystalline compound, identified as a copper - doped lead‒oxyapatite . A team from Korea University led by Lee Sukbae ( 이석배 ) and Kim Ji-Hoon ( 김지훈 ) began studying this material as a potential superconductor , and in July 2023 published preprints claiming th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LK-99 |
LLM-as-a-Judge is a conceptual framework in natural language processing (NLP) that employs large language models (LLMs) as evaluators to assess the performance of other language-based systems or outputs.
Instead of relying solely on human annotators, the approach leverages the general language capabilities of advanced ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LLM-as-a-Judge |
LLNL HRS (hot recycled solid) process is an above-ground shale oil extraction technology. It is classified as a hot recycled solids technology. [ 1 ]
The process was developed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory . In 1984–1987, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory operated a LLNL HRS process-based pilot p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LLNL_HRS_process |
The LLNL RISE process was an experimental shale oil extraction technology developed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory . The name comes from the abbreviation of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and words 'rubble in situ extraction'. [ 1 ]
LLNL RISE is a modified in situ extraction technology orig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LLNL_RISE_process |
In mathematics, an LLT polynomial is one of a family of symmetric functions introduced as q -analogues of products of Schur functions . [ 1 ]
J. Haglund, M. Haiman , and N. Loehr showed how to expand Macdonald polynomials in terms of LLT polynomials. [ 2 ] Ian Grojnowski and Mark Haiman proved a positivity conjecture ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LLT_polynomial |
The LN-3 inertial navigation system is an inertial navigation system (INS) that was developed in the 1960s by Litton Industries . It equipped the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter versions used as strike aircraft in European forces. An inertial navigation system is a system which continually determines the position of a vehic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LN-3_inertial_navigation_system |
LNAPL transmissivity is the discharge of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) through a unit width of aquifer for a unit gradient.
Scholars Alex Mayer and S. Majid Hassanizadeh define LNAPL transmissivity as the "product of the porous medium permeability and the LNAPL relative permeability, which in turn is a functi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNAPL_transmissivity |
A liquefied natural gas storage tank or LNG storage tank is a specialized type of storage tank used for the storage of Liquefied Natural Gas . LNG storage tanks can be found in ground, above ground or in LNG carriers . The common characteristic of LNG Storage tanks is the ability to store LNG at the very low temperatur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNG_storage_tank |
A LO NO x burner is a type of burner that is typically used in utility boilers to produce steam and electricity .
Around 1986 John Joyce (of Bowin Cars fame), an influential Australian inventor, first learned about oxides of nitrogen ( NO x ) and their role in the production of smog and acid rain . His first introduc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LO-NOx_burner |
LOCOS , short for LOCal Oxidation of Silicon , is a microfabrication process where silicon dioxide is formed in selected areas on a silicon wafer having the Si-SiO 2 interface at a lower point than the rest of the silicon surface. As of 2008 it was largely superseded by shallow trench isolation .
This technology was d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOCOS |
The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing ( LOFT ) is a proposed ESA space mission originally slated to launch around 2022, and now proposed to launch around 2025. The mission will be devoted to the study of neutron stars , black holes and other compact objects by means of their very rapid X-ray variability. LOFT is suppo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOFT |
The LOLI Database , an abbreviation of List Of LIsts , is an international chemical regulatory database developed and maintained by ChemADVISOR, Inc. [ 1 ]
The LOLI database is one of the primary sources of information for the creation of safety data sheets and other hazard communication documents. The database "lets... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOLI_Database |
Long Range Kinematic ( LRK ) technology is a sophisticated kinematic method developed by Magellan (formerly Thales) Navigation that optimises the advantages of dual-frequency GPS operation. Other conventional methods use the dual-frequency only during initialisation . LRK makes solving ambiguities during initialisation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LRK |
LSAT is the most common name for the inorganic compound lanthanum aluminate - strontium aluminium tantalate , which has the chemical formula (LaAlO 3 ) 0.3 (Sr 2 TaAlO 6 ) 0.7 or its less common alternative: (La 0.18 Sr 0.82 )(Al 0.59 Ta 0.41 )O 3 . LSAT is a hard, optically transparent oxide of the elements lanthanum ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSAT_(oxide) |
Lysergic acid diethylamide , commonly known as LSD (from German Lysergsäure-diethylamid ), is a potent psychedelic drug that intensifies thoughts, emotions, and sensory perception. [ 14 ] [ 9 ] [ 15 ] Often referred to as acid or lucy , LSD can cause mystical, spiritual, or religious experiences. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] At highe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSD |
Life Science Identifiers [ 1 ] [ 2 ] are a way to name and locate pieces of information on the web. Essentially, an LSID is a unique identifier for some data, and the LSID protocol specifies a standard way to locate the data (as well as a standard way of describing that data). They are a little like DOIs used by many p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSID |
LT50 is the median Lethal Time (time until death) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] after exposure of an organism to a toxic substance or stressful condition. LT50 is commonly used in toxicology studies to quantify amount of a stressor necessary to kill an organism. LT50 can be used in conjunction with EC50 (median Exposure Concentration) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LT50 |
LTE-M or LTE-MTC (" Long-Term Evolution Machine Type Communication ") is a type of low-power wide-area network radio communication technology standard developed by 3GPP for machine-to-machine and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] LTE-M includes eMTC ("enhanced Machine Type Communication"), also known a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE-M |
LTE-WLAN aggregation ( LWA ) is a technology defined by the 3GPP . In LWA, a mobile handset supporting both LTE and Wi-Fi may be configured by the network to utilize both links simultaneously. It provides an alternative method of using LTE in unlicensed spectrum , which unlike LAA/LTE-U can be deployed without hardware... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE-WLAN_Aggregation |
The induction of NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in chemical synapses in the brain occurs via a fairly straightforward mechanism. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A substantial and rapid rise in calcium ion concentration inside the postsynaptic cell (or more specifically, within the dendritic spine ) is most possibly a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTP_induction |
LUX or Phytoclock1 (PCL1) is a gene that codes for LUX ARRHYTHMO, a protein necessary for circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis thaliana . LUX protein associates with Early Flowering 3 (ELF3) and Early Flowering 4 (ELF4) to form the Evening Complex (EC), a core component of the Arabidopsis repressilator model of the plant c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LUX |
LY-2365109 is a glycine reuptake inhibitor . It is able to inhibit the type 1 glycine transporter . [ 1 ] This inhibition increases extracellular levels of glycine. LY-2365109 has been shown to increase the seizure threshold in mice, meaning that this drug has potential as an anticonvulsant. [ 2 ]
This article about a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LY-2365109 |
LZ4 is a lossless data compression algorithm that is focused on compression and decompression speed. It belongs to the LZ77 family of byte-oriented compression schemes.
The LZ4 algorithm aims to provide a good trade-off between speed and compression ratio. Typically, it has a smaller (i.e., worse) compression ratio th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZ4_(compression_algorithm) |
LZ77 and LZ78 are the two lossless data compression algorithms published in papers by Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv in 1977 [ 1 ] and 1978. [ 2 ] They are also known as Lempel-Ziv 1 (LZ1) and Lempel-Ziv 2 (LZ2) respectively. [ 3 ] These two algorithms form the basis for many variations including LZW , LZSS , LZMA and ot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZ77_and_LZ78 |
LZFSE ( Lempel–Ziv Finite State Entropy ) is an open source lossless data compression algorithm created by Apple Inc. It was released with a simpler algorithm called LZVN . [ 2 ]
The name is an acronym for Lempel–Ziv and finite-state entropy [ 3 ] (implementation of asymmetric numeral systems ).
LZFSE was introduced b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZFSE |
The Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm [ 1 ] ( LZMA ) is an algorithm used to perform lossless data compression . It has been used in the 7z format of the 7-Zip archiver since 2001. [ 2 ] This algorithm uses a dictionary compression scheme somewhat similar to the LZ77 algorithm published by Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZMA |
Lempel–Ziv Ross Williams ( LZRW ) refers to variants of the LZ77 lossless data compression algorithms with an emphasis on improving compression speed through the use of hash tables and other techniques. This family was explored by Ross Williams , who published a series of algorithms [ 1 ] beginning with LZRW1 in 1991.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZRW |
LZWL is a syllable-based variant of the LZW (Lempel-Ziv-Welch) compression algorithm , designed to work with syllables derived from any syllable decomposition algorithm. This approach allows LZWL to efficiently process both syllables and words, offering a nuanced method for data compression.
The LZWL algorithm initial... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZWL |
LZX is an LZ77 family compression algorithm , a slightly improved version of DEFLATE . [ 1 ] It is also the name of a file archiver with the same name. Both were invented by Jonathan Forbes and Tomi Poutanen in the 1990s.
LZX was publicly released as an Amiga file archiver in 1995, while the authors were studying at t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZX |
In infrared astronomy , the L band is an atmospheric transmission window centred on 3.5 micrometres (in the mid-infrared ).
This astronomy -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L_band_(infrared) |
The L-ring of the bacterial flagellum is the ring in the lipid outer cell membrane through which the axial filament (rod, hook, and flagellum) passes. [ 1 ] that l ring stands for lipopolysaccharide .
This bacteria -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L_ring |
Lanthanum carbonate , La 2 ( C O 3 ) 3 , is the salt formed by lanthanum (III) cations and carbonate anions . It is an ore of lanthanum metal ( bastnäsite ), along with monazite .
Lanthanum carbonate is used as a starting material in lanthanum chemistry, particularly in forming mixed oxides, for example
Lanthanum car... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La2(CO3)3 |
Lanthanum(III) oxide , also known as lanthana , chemical formula La 2 O 3 , is an inorganic compound containing the rare earth element lanthanum and oxygen . It is used in some ferroelectric materials, as a component of optical materials, and is a feedstock for certain catalysts, among other uses.
Lanthanum oxide is a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La2O3 |
Lanthanum(III) telluride is an inorganic compound, one of the tellurides of lanthanum , with the chemical formula La 2 Te 3 . Lanthanum(III) telluride is prepared by oxidizing a mixture of lanthanum , tellurium and sodium carbonate at 400 °C. [ 1 ] There are also literature reports on preparing lanthanum(III) telluride... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La2Te3 |
Lanthanum(III) bromide (LaBr 3 ) is an inorganic halide salt of lanthanum . When pure, it is a colorless white powder. The single crystals of LaBr 3 are hexagonal crystals with melting point of 783 °C. It is highly hygroscopic and water-soluble. There are several hydrates , La 3 Br·x H 2 O, of the salt also known. It i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaBr3 |
Lanthanum chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula La Cl 3 . It is a common salt of lanthanum which is mainly used in research. It is a white solid that is highly soluble in water and alcohols.
Anhydrous lanthanum(III) chloride can be produced by the ammonium chloride route . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] In the first ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaCl3 |
Lanthanum trifluoride is a refractory ionic compound of lanthanum and fluorine . [ 4 ] The chemical formula is LaF 3 .
Bonding is ionic with lanthanum highly coordinated. The cation sits at the center of a trigonal prism . Nine fluorine atoms are close: three at the bottom corners of the trigonal prism, three in th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaF3 |
Lanthanum decahydride is a polyhydride or superhydride compound of lanthanum and hydrogen (LaH 10 ) that has shown evidence of being a high-temperature superconductor . It was the first metal superhydride to be theoretically predicted, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] synthesized, [ 4 ] and experimentally confirmed [ 5 ] to superconduct at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaH10 |
Lanthanum manganite is an inorganic compound with the formula LaMnO 3 , often abbreviated as LMO . Lanthanum manganite is formed in the perovskite structure , consisting of oxygen octahedra with a central Mn atom. The cubic perovskite structure is distorted into an orthorhombic structure by a strong Jahn–Teller distort... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaMnO3 |
Lanthanum(III) oxyfluoride is an inorganic compound of lanthanum , fluorine , and oxygen with the chemical formula LaOF. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Several methods of synthesizing LaOF are known:
The compound forms colorless crystals.
The compound is used to produce thin films. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaOF |
Lanthanum phosphide is an inorganic compound of lanthanum and phosphorus with the chemical formula LaP .
Lanthanum phosphide can be made by heating lanthanum metal with excess phosphorus in a vacuum: [ 2 ]
Lanthanum phosphide forms black crystals of a cubic system , space group Fm 3 m, cell parameters a = 0.6025 nm, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaP |
LaSalle's invariance principle (also known as the invariance principle , [ 1 ] Barbashin-Krasovskii-LaSalle principle , [ 2 ] or Krasovskii-LaSalle principle ) is a criterion for the asymptotic stability of an autonomous (possibly nonlinear) dynamical system .
Suppose a system is represented as
where x {\displaystyle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaSalle's_invariance_principle |
La Géométrie ( French pronunciation: [la ʒeɔmetʁi] ) was published in 1637 as an appendix to Discours de la méthode ( Discourse on the Method ), written by René Descartes . In the Discourse , Descartes presents his method for obtaining clarity on any subject. La Géométrie and two other appendices, also by Descartes, La... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Géométrie |
La Sociedad Interamericana de Astronomía en la Cultura (SIAC) is an organization dedicated to bringing together professionals in the field of cultural astronomy in the Americas. [ 1 ]
SIAC was founded during the Symposium on Ethno- and Archaeoastronomy of the International Congress of Americanists (Simposio de etno y ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Sociedad_Interamericana_de_Astronomía_en_la_Cultura |
A lab-on-a-chip ( LOC ) is a device that integrates one or several laboratory functions on a single integrated circuit (commonly called a "chip") of only millimeters to a few square centimeters to achieve automation and high-throughput screening . [ 1 ] LOCs can handle extremely small fluid volumes down to less than pi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab-on-a-chip |
LabKey Server is a software suite available for scientists to integrate , analyze , and share biomedical research data. The platform provides a secure data repository that allows web-based querying, reporting, and collaborating across a range of data sources. Specific scientific applications and workflows can be added ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabKey_Server |
LabLynx, Inc. is a privately held American laboratory informatics company that develops, supports, and markets laboratory information management system (LIMS) solutions. Its primary offerings over the years have included webLIMS and ELab. [ 3 ] The company’s primary clients include laboratories in the agriculture, clin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabLynx |
LabVantage Solutions, Inc. is a laboratory information management system (LIMS) provider based in Somerset , New Jersey . Founded in 1981, [ 1 ] LabVantage is the third largest LIMS provider in the world. [ 2 ]
Laboratory MicroSystems was founded by Mark Chudzicki and Michael Boskin in 1981. [ 3 ] Chudzicki started th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVantage |
Lab on a Chip is a peer-reviewed scientific journal which publishes original (primary) research and review articles on any aspect of miniaturisation at the micro and nano scale. Lab on a Chip is published twice monthly by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) and the editor-in-chief is Aaron Wheeler ( University of Toro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab_on_a_Chip_(journal) |
Labcorp Holdings Inc. , operating under the brand name Labcorp , headquartered in Burlington, North Carolina , provides laboratory services used for diagnosis and healthcare decisions. [ 1 ] It operates one of the largest clinical laboratory networks in the world and has operations in over 100 countries; although its o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labcorp |
Label dispenser and label applicator are machine built to simplify the process of removing a label from its liner or backing tape. Some are bench-top for dispensing the labels while others include the application of the label to the item (such as a package). Unlike label printer applicators , they dispense preprinted l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Label_dispenser |
A label printer is a computer printer that prints on self- adhesive label material and/or card-stock (tags). A label printer with built-in keyboard and display for stand-alone use (not connected to a separate computer) is often called a label maker . Label printers are different from ordinary printers because they nee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Label_printer |
A label printer applicator is a basic robot that can automatically print and apply pressure-sensitive labels to various products. Some types of labeling include shipping labeling, content labeling, graphic images, and labeling to comply with specific standards such as those of GS1 and Universal Product Code U.P.C. A pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Label_printer_applicator |
In combinatorial mathematics, the labelled enumeration theorem is the counterpart of the Pólya enumeration theorem for the labelled case, where we have a set of labelled objects given by an exponential generating function (EGF) g ( z ) which are being distributed into n slots and a permutation group G which permutes th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labelled_enumeration_theorem |
In cellular biology , labile cells are cells that continuously multiply and divide throughout life . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Labile cells replace the cells that are lost from the body. [ 1 ] When injured, labile cells are repaired rapidly due to an aggressive TR response. [ 1 ] This continual division of labile cells allows them t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labile_cell |
Lability refers to the degree that something is likely to undergo change. It is the opposite ( antonym ) of stability.
In reference to biochemistry , this is an important concept as far as kinetics is concerned in metalloproteins . This can allow for the rapid synthesis and degradation of substrates in biological syst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lability |
Labor burden is the actual cost of a company to have an employee, in addition to wages that the employee earns. Labor burden costs include benefits that a company pays for employees that are included on their payroll, including payroll taxes , pension costs, workers compensation , health and dental insurance , and the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_burden |
A laboratory-acquired infection or LAI is an infection that is acquired in a laboratory, usually as part of a medical research facility or hospital. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
There are various microbes, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can infect a host via several routes of transmission. [ 4 ]
Laboratory facilities handli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory-acquired_infection |
Laboratory B ( Russian : Лаборатория Б ), also known as Object B ( Объект Б ) or Object 2011 during its period of operation, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] was a former Soviet nuclear research site constructed in 1946 by Lake Sungul [ ru ] in Chelyabinsk Oblast in Russia . [ citation needed ] Operated under the 9th Chief Dir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_B |
Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is an occupational disease of laboratory animal technicians and scientists. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It manifests as an allergic response to animal urine, specifically the major urinary proteins (Mups) of rodents, and can lead to the development of asthma . [ 3 ] A study of 5641 workers in Japan who ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_animal_allergy |
Animals used by laboratories for testing purposes are largely supplied by dealers who specialize in selling them to universities, medical and veterinary schools, and companies that provide contract animal-testing services. It is comparatively rare that animals are procured from sources other than specialized dealers, [... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_animal_sources |
Laboratory automation is a multi-disciplinary strategy to research, develop, optimize and capitalize on technologies in the laboratory that enable new and improved processes. Laboratory automation professionals are academic, commercial and government researchers, scientists and engineers who conduct research and devel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_automation |
A laboratory centrifuge is a piece of laboratory equipment , driven by a motor, which spins liquid samples at high speed.
There are various types of centrifuges, depending on the size and the sample capacity. [ 1 ]
Like all other centrifuges , laboratory centrifuges work by the sedimentation principle , where the cen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_centrifuge |
Laboratory developed test ( LDT ) is a term used to refer to a certain class of in vitro diagnostics (IVDs) that, in the U.S., were traditionally regulated under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments program. [ 1 ]
Laboratory-developed tests (LDTs) are a class of in vitro diagnostics (IVDs) designed, manufact... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_developed_test |
In the diagnostic laboratory, virus infections can be confirmed by a myriad of methods. Diagnostic virology has changed rapidly due to the advent of molecular techniques and increased clinical sensitivity of serological assays. [ 1 ]
A wide variety of samples can be used for virological testing. The type of sample se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_diagnosis_of_viral_infections |
A laboratory information management system ( LIMS ), sometimes referred to as a laboratory information system ( LIS ) or laboratory management system ( LMS ), is a software -based solution with features that support a modern laboratory 's operations. Key features include—but are not limited to— workflow and data tracki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_information_management_system |
A water bath is laboratory equipment made from a container filled with heated water. It is used to incubate samples in water at a constant temperature over a long period of time. Most water baths have a digital or an analogue interface to allow users to set a desired temperature, but some water baths have their tempera... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_water_bath |
The lacUV5 promoter is a mutated promoter from the Escherichia coli lac operon which is used in molecular biology to drive gene expression on a plasmid . lacUV5 is very similar to the classical lac promoter, containing just 2 base pair mutations in the -10 hexamer region, compared to the lac promoter. [ 1 ] LacUV5 is a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LacUV5 |
The lactose operon ( lac operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in E. coli and many other enteric bacteria . Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most enteric bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available through th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lac_operon |
The lac repressor (LacI) is a DNA-binding protein that inhibits the expression of genes coding for proteins involved in the metabolism of lactose in bacteria. These genes are repressed when lactose is not available to the cell, ensuring that the bacterium only invests energy in the production of machinery necessary fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lac_repressor |
Lachryphagy is the practice of feeding on tears and other eye secretions. [ 1 ] Certain bees , butterflies , and flies have been observed feeding on the tears of reptiles , birds , and mammals , including humans. Lachryphagous insects gather nutrients, especially sodium and proteins , from the tears. Lachryphagous feed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lachryphagy |
Lack's principle , proposed by the British ornithologist David Lack in 1954, states that "the clutch size of each species of bird has been adapted by natural selection to correspond with the largest number of young for which the parents can, on average, provide enough food". [ 1 ] As a biological rule , the principle c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lack's_principle |
Lacquer is a type of hard and usually shiny coating or finish applied to materials such as wood or metal. It is most often made from resin extracted from trees and waxes and has been in use since antiquity. [ 1 ]
Asian lacquerware , which may be called "true lacquer", are objects coated with the treated, dyed and drie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacquer |
Lactacystin is an organic compound naturally synthesized by bacteria of the genus Streptomyces first identified as an inducer of neuritogenesis in neuroblastoma cells in 1991. [ 1 ] The target of lactacystin was subsequently found to be the proteasome on the basis of its affinity for certain catalytic subunits of the p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactacystin |
A lactam is a cyclic amide , formally derived from an amino alkanoic acid through cyclization reactions. The term is a portmanteau of the words lactone + amide .
Greek prefixes in alphabetical order indicate ring size.
This ring-size nomenclature stems from the fact that hydrolysis of an α-lactam gives an α- amino ac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactam |
Lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH or LD ) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. LDH catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and back, as it converts NAD + to NADH and back. A dehydrogenase is an enzyme that transfers a hydride from one molecule to another.
LDH exists in four distinct enzyme classes. This ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_dehydrogenase |
The lactate shuttle hypothesis describes the movement of lactate intracellularly (within a cell) and intercellularly (between cells). The hypothesis is based on the observation that lactate is formed and utilized continuously in diverse cells under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. [ 1 ] Further, lactate produced ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_shuttle_hypothesis |
Lactate inflection point ( LIP ) is the exercise intensity at which the blood concentration of lactate and/or lactic acid begins to increase rapidly. [ 1 ] It is often expressed as 85% of maximum heart rate or 75% of maximum oxygen intake. [ 2 ] When exercising at or below the lactate threshold, any lactate produced by... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_threshold |
Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose or other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose ) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate , which is lactic acid in solution. It is an anaerobic fermentation reaction that occurs in some ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactic_acid_fermentation |
A Lactofuchsin mount (also spelled Lacto-fuchsin or Lacto-Fuchsin ) is a technique used for mounting fungi with hyphae on a microscope slide for examination. [ 1 ] The main advantage of a lactofuchsin mount is that if performed correctly, it preserves the structure and arrangement of any hyphae that are present.
To ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactofuchsin_mount |
In organic chemistry , a lactol is a functional group which is the cyclic equivalent of a hemiacetal ( −CH(OH)O− ) or a hemiketal ( >C(OH)O− ).
The compound is formed by the intramolecular , nucleophilic addition of a hydroxyl group ( −OH ) to the carbonyl group ( C=O ) of an aldehyde ( −CH=O ) or a ketone ( >C=O ). [ ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactol |
A hydrometer or lactometer is an instrument used for measuring density or relative density of liquids based on the concept of buoyancy . They are typically calibrated and graduated with one or more scales such as specific gravity .
A hydrometer usually consists of a sealed hollow glass tube with a wider bottom portion... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactometer |
Lactonase (EC 3.1.1.81, acyl-homoserine lactonase ; systematic name N -acyl- L -homoserine-lactone lactonohydrolase ) is a metalloenzyme , produced by certain species of bacteria, which targets and inactivates acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs). It catalyzes the reaction
Many species of α -, β -, and γ-proteobacteria... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactonase |
Lactones are cyclic carboxylic esters . They are derived from the corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids by esterification . They can be saturated or unsaturated. [ 1 ]
Lactones are formed by lactonization , the intramolecular esterification of the corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids. [ 2 ]
Greek prefixes in alphabe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactone |
The lactoscope is an instrument for estimating the amount of cream in milk, based on its relative opacity. The higher the opacity, the greater the amount of cream present. Credit for the development of this instrument is given to Alfred Donné in 1843. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The instrument was also used to measure the fat content ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoscope |
Lactulose is a non-absorbable sugar used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is administered orally for constipation, and either orally or rectally for hepatic encephalopathy . [ 3 ] It generally begins working after 8–12 hours, but may take up to 2 days to improve constipation.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactulose |
Lacunarity , from the Latin lacuna , meaning "gap" or "lake", is a specialized term in geometry referring to a measure of how patterns, especially fractals , fill space, where patterns having more or larger gaps generally have higher lacunarity. Beyond being an intuitive measure of gappiness, lacunarity can quantify ad... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacunarity |
In chemistry , a ladder polymer is a type of double stranded polymer with the connectivity of a ladder. In a typical one-dimensional polymer, e.g. polyethylene and polysiloxanes, the monomers form two bonds, giving a chain. In a ladder polymer the monomers are interconnected by four bonds. Inorganic ladder polymers a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladder_polymer |
Ladeana Hillier is a biomedical engineer and computational biologist from the University of Washington. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] She was one of the earliest scientists involved in the Human Genome Project [ 3 ] and is noted for her work in various branches of DNA sequencing , [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] as well as for having co-d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladeana_Hillier |
Ladislav Svante Rieger (1916–1963) [ 1 ] was a Czechoslovak mathematician who worked in the areas of algebra , mathematical logic , and axiomatic set theory . He is considered to be the founder of mathematical logic in Czechoslovakia, having begun his work around 1957. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
This article about a European mathema... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladislav_Rieger |
In metallurgy , a ladle is a bucket-shaped container or vessel used to transport and pour out molten metals. [ 1 ] Ladles are often used in foundries and range in size from small hand-carried vessels that resemble a kitchen ladle and hold 20 kilograms (44 lb) to large steelmill ladles that hold up to 300 tonnes (295 lo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladle_(metallurgy) |
In mathematics , Ladyzhenskaya's inequality is any of a number of related functional inequalities named after the Soviet Russian mathematician Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya . The original such inequality, for functions of two real variables, was introduced by Ladyzhenskaya in 1958 to prove the existence and uniquen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladyzhenskaya's_inequality |
A lagg , also called a moat , is the very wet zone on the perimeter of peatland or a bog where water from the adjacent upland collects and flows slowly around the main peat mass. [ 1 ]
A lagg is an area of wetland, especially at the edge of raised bogs , in which water collects. [ 2 ] It is often markedly different fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagg_(landform) |
Lagrange's four-square theorem , also known as Bachet's conjecture , states that every nonnegative integer can be represented as a sum of four non-negative integer squares . [ 1 ] That is, the squares form an additive basis of order four: p = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 , {\displaystyle p=a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}+d^{2},} where the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange's_four-square_theorem |
In the algebra , Lagrange's identity , named after Joseph Louis Lagrange , is: [ 1 ] [ 2 ] ( ∑ k = 1 n a k 2 ) ( ∑ k = 1 n b k 2 ) − ( ∑ k = 1 n a k b k ) 2 = ∑ i = 1 n − 1 ∑ j = i + 1 n ( a i b j − a j b i ) 2 ( = 1 2 ∑ i = 1 n ∑ j = 1 , j ≠ i n ( a i b j − a j b i ) 2 ) , {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\left(\sum _{k... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange's_identity |
In the study of ordinary differential equations and their associated boundary value problems in mathematics, Lagrange's identity , named after Joseph Louis Lagrange , gives the boundary terms arising from integration by parts of a self-adjoint linear differential operator . Lagrange's identity is fundamental in Sturm–... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange's_identity_(boundary_value_problem) |
In the mathematical field of group theory , Lagrange's theorem states that if H is a subgroup of any finite group G , then | H | {\displaystyle |H|} is a divisor of | G | {\displaystyle |G|} , i.e. the order (number of elements) of every subgroup H divides the order of group G.
The theorem is named after Joseph-Louis ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange's_theorem_(group_theory) |
In numerical analysis , the Lagrange interpolating polynomial is the unique polynomial of lowest degree that interpolates a given set of data.
Given a data set of coordinate pairs ( x j , y j ) {\displaystyle (x_{j},y_{j})} with 0 ≤ j ≤ k , {\displaystyle 0\leq j\leq k,} the x j {\displaystyle x_{j}} are called nodes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_polynomial |
In mathematics , the Lagrange reversion theorem gives series or formal power series expansions of certain implicitly defined functions ; indeed, of compositions with such functions.
Let v be a function of x and y in terms of another function f such that
Then for any function g , for small enough y :
If g is the iden... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_reversion_theorem |
Lagrange stability is a concept in the stability theory of dynamical systems , named after Joseph-Louis Lagrange .
For any point in the state space, x ∈ M {\displaystyle x\in M} in a real continuous dynamical system ( T , M , Φ ) {\displaystyle (T,M,\Phi )} , where T {\displaystyle T} is R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} }... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_stability |
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