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Chirurgia magna ( Latin for "Great [work on] Surgery"), fully titled the Inventarium sive chirurgia magna (Latin for "The Inventory, or the Great [work on] Surgery"), is a guide to surgery and practical medicine completed in 1363. Guy de Chauliac , Pope Clement VI 's attending physician , compiled the information from ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgia_magna |
Chitosan-poly ( acrylic acid ) is a composite that has been increasingly used to create chitosan-poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] More recently, various composite forms have come out with poly(acrylic acid) being synthesized with chitosan which is often used in a variety of drug delivery processes. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitosan_nanoparticles |
Chlamydia research [ 1 ] is the systematic study of the organisms in the taxonomic group of bacteria Chlamydiota (formerly Chlamydiae), the diagnostic procedures [ 2 ] to treat infections, the disease chlamydia , infections caused by the organisms, the epidemiology of infection and the development of vaccines. The proc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlamydia_research |
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are anti-malarial medications also used against some auto-immune diseases. [ 1 ] Chloroquine, along with hydroxychloroquine, was an early experimental treatment for COVID-19 . [ 2 ] Neither drug has been useful to prevent or treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroquine_and_hydroxychloroquine_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic |
The Choice and Partnership Approach (CAPA) is a model of engagement and clinical assessment, principally used in child and adolescent psychiatric services . It aims to use collaborative ways of working with service users to enhance the effectiveness of services and user satisfaction with services. [ clarification neede... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choice_And_Partnership_Approach |
Cholangiosarcoma is a tumor of the connective tissues of the bile ducts .
Primary risk factors for cholangiosarcoma are Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and infection by Clonorchis Sinensis (a fluke found in undercooked fish).
This article incorporates public domain material from Dictionary of Cancer Terms . U.S. Natio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholangiosarcoma |
A cholecystoenterostomy is a surgical procedure in which the gall bladder is joined to the small intestine . It is performed in order to allow bile to pass from the liver to the intestine when the common bile duct is obstructed by an irremovable cause. [ 1 ]
This surgery article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecystenterostomy |
The cholera belt was a flat strip of (usually red) flannel or knitted wool, about six feet long and six inches wide, that was wrapped around the bare abdomen. The item was standard army issue, and was purported to prevent the wearer from contracting cholera , dysentery , and other ailments believed to be caused by chil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera_belt |
A cholera pit was a burial place used in a time of emergency when the disease was prevalent. Such mass graves were often unmarked and were placed in remote or specially selected locations. Public fears of contagion, lack of space within existing churchyards [ 1 ] and restrictions placed on the movements of people from ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera_pit |
Cholesteatoma is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Cholesteatomas are not cancerous as the name may suggest, but can cause significant problems because of their erosive and expansile properties. This can result in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesteatoma |
In surgical pathology , strawberry gallbladder , more formally cholesterolosis of the gallbladder and gallbladder cholesterolosis , is a change in the gallbladder wall due to excess cholesterol . [ 1 ]
The name strawberry gallbladder comes from the typically stippled appearance of the mucosal surface on gross examinat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterolosis_of_gallbladder |
Chondrodysplasia Blomstrand is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a mutation of the parathyroid hormone receptor , leading to the absence of a functional PTHR1 . This condition causes abnormal ossification of the endocrine system and intermembranous tissues, [ 1 ] along with accelerated skeletal maturation. [ 2 ]... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrodysplasia_Blomstrand |
A chondroid syringoma is a well circumscribed but unencapsulated, multilobulated sweat gland -derived tumor. [ 1 ] It is centered in the deep dermis or subcutaneous fat. [ 1 ] Microscopically it is a mixed tumor , characterized by prominent chondroid or myxoid stroma enveloping benign bland appearing epithelial and myo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondroid_syringoma |
Chondroitinase treatment is a treatment of proteoglycans , a protein in the fluid among cells where (among other things) they affect neural activity (communication, plasticity ). [ 1 ] Chondroitinase treatment has been shown to allow adults vision to be restored as far as ocular dominance is concerned. [ 2 ] Moreover, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondroitinase_treatment |
Chondroplasty is surgery of the cartilage , the most common being corrective surgery of the cartilage of the knee .
Surgery known as thyroid chondroplasty (or tracheal shave ) is used to reduce the visibility of the Adam's apple in transgender women .
This surgery article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expandi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondroplasty |
Choosing Wisely is a United States–based health educational campaign, led by the ABIM Foundation ( American Board of Internal Medicine ), about unnecessary health care . [ 1 ]
The campaign identifies over 500 tests and procedures and encourages doctors and patients to discuss, research, and possibly get second opinion... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choosing_Wisely |
Spooning or choreic hand is flexion and dorsal arching of the wrists and hyperextension of the fingers when the hands are extended sideways palms down. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Spooning is a recognized clinical sign in pediatric neurology during standard evaluation of the posture with extended arms. Spooning is often observed in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choreic_hand |
Choreoathetosis is the occurrence of involuntary movements in a combination of chorea (irregular migrating contractions) and athetosis (twisting and writhing).
It is caused by many different diseases and agents. It is a symptom of several diseases, including GLUT1 deficiency syndrome , Lesch–Nyhan syndrome , phenylket... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choreoathetosis |
Chorionic bump is a rare medical condition defined as an irregular, convex bulge or protrusion from the choriodecidual surface into the gestational sac . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is medically defined as a separate entity from a chorionic hematoma . [ 3 ]
Identification of a chorionic bump in early first trimester pregnancy repr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorionic_bump |
Choristomas , a form of heterotopia , are masses of normal tissues found in abnormal locations. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In contrast to a neoplasm or tumor , the growth of a choristoma is normally regulated. [ 5 ]
It is different from a hamartoma . The two can be differentiated as follows: a hamartoma is disorganized o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choristoma |
A choroidal fissure cyst is a cyst at the level of the choroidal fissure of the brain . They are usually asymptomatic and do not require treatment.
This article about a medical condition affecting the nervous system is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroidal_fissure_cyst |
Christian Friedrich Wilhelm Roller (11 January 1802 – 3 January 1878) was a German psychiatrist born in Pforzheim .
Roller studied medicine at the Universities of Tübingen and Göttingen , and following graduation returned to Pforzheim to practice medicine. In 1827 he became an assistant at a mental institution in Heid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Roller |
The Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation is a charitable organization headquartered in Short Hills, New Jersey , dedicated to finding treatments and cures for paralysis caused by spinal cord injury and other neurological disorders.
The organization's mission statement states: "We are dedicated to curing spinal cord in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_and_Dana_Reeve_Foundation |
In cellular neuroscience , chromatolysis is the dissolution of the Nissl bodies in the cell body of a neuron . It is an induced response of the cell usually triggered by axotomy , ischemia , toxicity to the cell, cell exhaustion, virus infections , and hibernation in lower vertebrates. Neuronal recovery through regener... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatolysis |
Chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN ) is a kidney disorder which is the leading cause of kidney transplant failure, [ 1 ] occurring months to years after the transplant.
CAN is characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function and, typically, accompanied by high blood pressure and hematuria . [ 2 ]
The histopatho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_allograft_nephropathy |
Chronic care refers to medical care which addresses pre-existing or long-term illness, as opposed to acute care which is concerned with short term or severe illness of brief duration. Chronic medical conditions include asthma , diabetes , emphysema , chronic bronchitis , congestive heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_care |
A chronic condition (also known as chronic disease or chronic illness ) is a health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time. The term chronic is often applied when the course of the disease lasts for more than three months.
Common chronic disea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_condition |
A chronic electrode implant is an electronic device implanted chronically (for a long period) into the brain or other electrically excitable tissue. It may record electrical impulses in the brain or may stimulate neurons with electrical impulses from an external source.
The potential for neural interfacing technology ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_electrode_implant |
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy ( CIDP ) is an acquired autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system characterized by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function in the legs and arms. [ 1 ] The disorder is sometimes called chronic relapsing polyneuropathy ( CRP ) or chronic inflammatory ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_inflammatory_demyelinating_polyneuropathy |
Chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia is a phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia in which 5% or fewer of the cells in the blood and bone marrow are blast cells (immature blood cells ). This phase may last from several months to several years, and there may be no symptoms of leukemia .
This article incorporates pu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_phase_chronic_myelogenous_leukemia |
Chua Soi Lek ( simplified Chinese : 蔡细历 ; traditional Chinese : 蔡細歷 ; pinyin : Cài Xìlì ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Chhòa Sòe-le̍k ; born 2 January 1947), also known as Chua Kin Seng, is a Chinese Malaysian politician from the state of Johor . He is the 9th President of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), a major component par... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chua_Soi_Lek |
CIDEX is a brand name for a Glutaraldehyde-free (0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde) high-level disinfecting solution used within the field of medicine. [ 1 ]
The CIDEX brand name has been registered as a trademark since 1962. [ 2 ]
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cidex |
The concept of healthcare knowledge transfer using cinematography recognizes that films with carefully crafted and verified content, using graphics, animations and live-action video, can be one of the most efficient ways of transferring knowledge with clarity and speed, to both lay-people and healthcare professionals.
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography_in_healthcare |
Cinemeducation is the use of film in medical education . It was originally coined by Matthew Alexander, Hall, and Pettice in the journal Family Medicine in 1994 [ 1 ] and later used by Matthew Alexander, Anna Pavlov, and Patricia Lenahan in their text of the same title. [ 2 ] Cinemeducation emphasises the psychosocial ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinemeducation |
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is tumor -derived fragmented DNA in the bloodstream that is not associated with cells. ctDNA should not be confused with cell-free DNA ( cfDNA ), a broader term which describes DNA that is freely circulating in the bloodstream, but is not necessarily of tumor origin. Because ctDNA may refl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulating_tumor_DNA |
A circulating tumor cell ( CTC ) is a cancer cell from a primary tumor that has shed into the blood of the circulatory system , or the lymph of the lymphatic system . [ 1 ] CTCs are carried around the body to other organs where they may leave the circulation and become the seeds for the subsequent growth of secondary t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulating_tumor_cell |
Circumcision surgical procedure in males involves either a conventional "cut and stitch" surgical procedure or use of a circumcision instrument or device . In the newborn period (less than 2 months of age), almost all circumcisions are done by generalist practitioners using one of three surgical instruments. In the US,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumcision_surgical_procedure |
Cisatracurium besilate ( INN ; cisatracurium besylate ( USAN ); formerly recognized as 51W89; [ 1 ] trade name Nimbex ) is a bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolinium that has effect as a non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drug , used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisatracurium_besilate |
City physician ( German : Stadtphysicus, Stadtphysikus, Stadtarzt ; Swedish : stadsfysikus, stadsläkare , Finnish : kaupunginfysikus, kaupunginlääkäri , from Latin physicus ) was a historical title in the Late Middle Ages for a physician appointed by the city council. The city physician was responsible for the health o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_physician |
Civil Resettlement Units ( CRUs ) was a scheme created during the Second World War by Royal Army Medical Corps psychiatrists to help British Army servicemen who had been prisoners of war (POWs) to return to civilian life, and to help their families and communities to adjust to having them back. Units were set up across... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Resettlement_Units |
Clade X: A Global Health Security Simulation was a pandemic modelling exercise led by Johns Hopkins University 's Center for Health Security , which occurred on Tuesday, May 15, 2018, at the Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Washington, D.C. [ 1 ] The exercise was named after a hypothetical novel virus, and simulated efforts ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clade_X |
Clara Bonanad is a clinical cardiologist at the University Clinical Hospital, Valencia in the department of Cardiology . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Bonanada earned her PhD in Medicine at the University of Valencia in 2016 and her PhD thesis is “Prognostic impact of Geriatric Syndromes in Acute Coronary Syndromes”. [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Her r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clara_Bonanad |
Clarence Crafoord (28 May 1899 – 25 February 1984) was a Swedish cardiovascular surgeon , best known for performing the first successful repair of aortic coarctation on 19 October 1944, one year before Robert E. Gross .
Crafoord also introduced heparin as thrombosis prophylaxis in the 1930s and he pioneered mechanical ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Crafoord |
Classificatie van verrichtingen is a Dutch system of health coding procedures .
It is based on ICD-9-CM (the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification ), but not identical to it. [ 1 ]
It is abbreviated "CvV". [ 2 ]
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
This... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classificatie_van_verrichtingen |
The classification of mental disorders , also known as psychiatric nosology or psychiatric taxonomy , is central to the practice of psychiatry and other mental health professions .
The two most widely used psychiatric classification systems are chapter V of the International Classification of Diseases , 10th edition (... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classification_of_mental_disorders |
Clear cell papillary renal cell tumour ( CCPRCT ) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that has microscopic morphologic features of papillary renal cell carcinoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma , yet is pathologically distinct based on molecular changes and immunohistochemistry . [ 1 ]
CCPRCT classical... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_cell_papillary_renal_cell_carcinoma |
Sir Clement Price Thomas KCVO MRCS LRCP FRCS FRCP [ 1 ] (22 November 1893 – 19 March 1973) [ 2 ] was a pioneering Welsh thoracic surgeon most famous for his 1951 operation on King George VI . [ 3 ]
Following a scholarship to Westminster Hospital Medical School , Price Thomas was posted to the Middle East at the onset ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Price_Thomas |
Clinical clerkships encompass a period of medical education in which students – medical , dental , veterinary , nursing or otherwise – practice medicine under the supervision of a health practitioner. [ 1 ]
In medical education , a clerkship , or rotation , refers to the practice of medicine by medical students ( M.D.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerkship_(medicine) |
Climacturia is urinary incontinence at the moment of sexual climax ( orgasm ). It can be a result of radical prostatectomy to treat prostate cancer . It is uncomfortable at times, but usually harmless. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This sexuality -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climacturia |
Clinical Breast Cancer is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal established in 2000 and published by Elsevier . It covers all areas related to breast cancer .
Clinical Breast Cancer is indexed by Index Medicus / PubMed , EMBASE Excerpta Medica, ISI Current Contents , CINAHL , Scopus , and Chemical Abstracts . Acco... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Breast_Cancer |
Clinical Cancer Research is a peer-reviewed medical journal on oncology , including the cellular and molecular characterization, prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of human cancer, medical and hematological oncology, radiation therapy , pediatric oncology, pathology , surgical oncology, and clinical genetics . The appl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Cancer_Research |
Clinical Colorectal Cancer is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by CIG Media Group (Cancer Information Group) from 2001 to 2010 and by Elsevier since 2011. It publishes original articles describing various aspects of clinical and translational research of gastrointestinal cancers. The journal is devoted to arti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Colorectal_Cancer |
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier , and previously by CIG Media Group (Cancer Information Group). The journal publishes articles on detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of genitourinary cancers. The main emphasis is on recent scientific developments in all... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Genitourinary_Cancer |
Clinical Lung Cancer is a peer-reviewed medical journal that has been published by Elsevier since 2011. It was established by the CIG Media Group in 1999.
Clinical Lung Cancer is indexed in Index Medicus / PubMed , EMBASE ( Excerpta Medica ), Current Contents /Clinical Medicine, Science Citation Index Expanded , CINAH... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Lung_Cancer |
Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier (previously by CIG Media Group ). It was established as Clinical Lymphoma in 2000, renamed to Clinical Lymphoma & Myeloma in 2005 and obtained its current name in 2010. The journal covers research on detection, diagnosis, pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Lymphoma,_Myeloma_&_Leukemia |
Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal focusing on all aspects of cancer research and oncology . The journal was founded in 2007, and was originally published by Libertas Academica , but SAGE Publications became the publisher in September 2016. [ 1 ] The editor in chief is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Medicine_Insights:_Oncology |
Clinical Oncology is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering oncology . It was established in 1989 and is published monthly by Elsevier . It is the official journal of the Royal College of Radiologists . The editor-in-chief is Thankamma Ajithkumar. [ 1 ] According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 20... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Oncology |
Clinical Ovarian Cancer & Other Gynecologic Malignancies was a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier . It covered research on the detection, diagnosis , prevention, and treatment of ovarian cancer . Specific areas of interest included clinical research and mechanistic approaches, drug sensitivity and resi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_Ovarian_Cancer_&_Other_Gynecologic_Malignancies |
Clinical and Translational Science Award ( CTSA ) is a type of U.S. federal grant administered by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , part of the National Institutes of Health . The CTSA program began in October 2006 under the auspices of the National Center for Research Resources with a consorti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_and_Translational_Science_Award |
Clinical attachment loss ( CAL ) is the predominant clinical manifestation and determinant of periodontal disease .
Teeth are attached to the surrounding and supporting alveolar bone by periodontal ligament ( PDL ) fibers; these fibers run from the bone into the cementum that naturally exists on the entire root surfac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_attachment_loss |
Clinical cardiac electrophysiology (also referred to as cardiac electrophysiology or simply EP ), is a branch of the medical specialty of cardiology concerned with the study and treatment of rhythm disorders of the heart . [ 1 ] Cardiologists with expertise in this area are usually referred to as electrophysiologists. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_cardiac_electrophysiology |
Clinical clerkships encompass a period of medical education in which students – medical , dental , veterinary , nursing or otherwise – practice medicine under the supervision of a health practitioner. [ 1 ]
In medical education , a clerkship , or rotation , refers to the practice of medicine by medical students ( M.D.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_clerkship |
Clinical death is the medical term for cessation of blood circulation and breathing, the two criteria necessary to sustain the lives of human beings and of many other organisms. [ 1 ] It occurs when the heart stops beating in a regular rhythm, a condition called cardiac arrest . The term is also sometimes used in resus... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_death |
Clinical ecology was the name given by proponents in the 1960s to a claim that exposure to low levels of certain chemical agents harm susceptible people, causing multiple chemical sensitivity and other disorders. Clinical ecologists are people that support and promote this offshoot of conventional medicine. [ 1 ] They ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_ecology |
Clinical empathy is expressed as the skill of understanding what a patient says and feels, and effectively communicating this understanding to the patient. [ 1 ] The opposite of clinical empathy is clinical detachment. Detached concern, or clinical detachment, is the ability to distance oneself from the patient in orde... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_empathy |
Clinical epidemiology is a subfield of epidemiology specifically focused on issues relevant to clinical medicine . The term was first introduced by virologist John R. Paul in his presidential address to the American Society for Clinical Investigation in 1938. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is sometimes referred to as "the basic scienc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_epidemiology |
A clinical formulation , also known as case formulation and problem formulation , is a theoretically-based explanation or conceptualisation of the information obtained from a clinical assessment. It offers a hypothesis about the cause and nature of the presenting problems and is considered an adjunct or alternative app... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_formulation |
Clinical pathology is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids , such as blood , urine , and tissue homogenates or extracts using the tools of chemistry , microbiology , hematology , molecular pathology , and Immunohaematology . This specialty... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_pathology |
A clinical pathway , also known as care pathway , integrated care pathway , critical pathway , or care map , is one of the main tools used to manage the quality in healthcare concerning the standardisation of care processes. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It has been shown that their implementation reduces the variability in clinical pra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_pathway |
Clinical pluralism is a term used by some psychotherapists to denote an approach to clinical treatment that would seek to remain respectful towards divergences in meaning-making . It can signify both an undertaking to negotiate theoretical difference between clinicians, [ 1 ] and an undertaking to negotiate differences... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_pluralism |
Clinical professor , sometimes known as professor of practice , is an academic appointment made to a member of a profession who is associated with a university or other academic body, and engages in practical (clinical) instruction of students (e.g., medical students, engineering students). [ 1 ] Titles in this catego... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_professor |
The term " Clinical research center " (CRC) or " General clinical research center " ( GCRC ) refers to any designated medical facility used to conduct clinical research , such as at a hospital or medical clinic . [ 1 ] They have been used to perform clinical trials of various medical procedures. The medical profession ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_research_center |
Supervision is used in counselling, psychotherapy, and other mental health disciplines as well as many other professions engaged in working with people. [ 1 ] Supervision may be applied as well to practitioners in somatic disciplines for their preparatory work for patients as well as collateral with patients. Supervisi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_supervision |
Clinical trials are often assigned contrived acronyms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Some common themes include acronyms excluding words from the acronym and including letters taken from the middle of words. [ 3 ] It is suggested that the use of acronyms in titles is associated with a higher citation rate of research publications. [ 4 ]... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial_naming_conventions |
A clinically isolated syndrome ( CIS ) is a clinical situation of an individual's first neurological episode, caused by inflammation or demyelination of nerve tissue. An episode may be monofocal , in which symptoms present at a single site in the central nervous system , or multifocal , in which multiple sites exhibit ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinically_isolated_syndrome |
A clinician is a health care professional typically employed at a skilled nursing facility or clinic . Clinicians work directly with patients rather than in a laboratory, community health setting or in research. [ 1 ] A clinician may diagnose, treat and care for patients as a psychologist , clinical pharmacist , clinic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinician |
In medicine , clinophilia is a sleep disorder described as the tendency of a patient to remain in bed in a reclined position without sleeping for prolonged periods of time. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
The word clinophilia means "liking to lie down" (from the Greek clino- [lying down] and -philia [love]).
It is one of the first sympt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinophilia |
Clostridium perfringens (formerly known as C. welchii , or Bacillus welchii ) is a Gram-positive , bacillus (rod-shaped), anaerobic , spore-forming pathogenic bacterium of the genus Clostridium . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] C. perfringens is ever-present in nature and can be found as a normal component of decaying vegetation, marine s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_perfringens |
A cloth face mask is a mask made of common textiles , usually cotton , worn over the mouth and nose. When more effective masks are not available, cloth face masks are recommended by public health agencies for disease source control in epidemic situations to protect others from virus-laden aerosols emitted by infected m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloth_face_mask |
Clue cells are epithelial cells of the vagina that get their distinctive stippled appearance by being covered with bacteria . The etymology behind the term "clue" cell derives from the original research article from Gardner and Dukes describing the characteristic cells. The name was chosen for its brevity in describing... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clue_cell |
Clumping factor A , or ClfA , is a virulence factor from Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) that binds to fibrinogen .
ClfA also has been shown to bind to complement regulator I protein. [ 1 ]
It is responsible for the clumping of blood plasma observed when adding S. aureus to human plasma. Clumping factor can be de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clumping_factor_A |
Cluster headache is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye(s) . [ 1 ] There is often accompanying eye watering, nasal congestion , or swelling around the eye on the affected side. [ 1 ] These symptoms typically last 15 minutes to 3 hours. [ ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_headache |
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD ) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. [ 1 ] In terms of physiology, CD molecules can act in n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_of_differentiation |
Cluttering is a speech and communication disorder characterized by a rapid rate of speech, erratic rhythm, and poor syntax or grammar, making speech difficult to understand.
Cluttering is a speech and communication disorder that has also been described as a fluency disorder. [ 1 ]
It is defined as:
Cluttering is a f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluttering |
The Coalition on Psychiatric Emergencies ( CPE ) is a collaborative working group of behavioral health , psychiatry , and emergency medicine professionals headed by the American College of Emergency Physicians . [ 1 ] CPE represents several professional organizations , making it a large collaborative in the field of em... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_on_Psychiatric_Emergencies |
Cobalt-chrome or cobalt-chromium ( CoCr ) is a metal alloy of cobalt and chromium . Cobalt-chrome has a very high specific strength and is commonly used in gas turbines , dental implants , and orthopedic implants . [ 1 ]
Co-Cr alloy was first discovered by Elwood Haynes in the early 1900s by fusing cobalt and chromium... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt-chrome |
Coblation tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure in which the patient's tonsils are removed by destroying the surrounding tissues that attach them to the pharynx . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It was first implemented in 2001. The word coblation is short for ‘controlled ablation ’, which means a controlled procedure used to destroy soft... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coblation_tonsillectomy |
The cochlea is the part of the inner ear involved in hearing . It is a spiral-shaped cavity in the bony labyrinth , in humans making 2.75 turns around its axis, the modiolus . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] A core component of the cochlea is the organ of Corti , the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochlea |
Cochlear hydrops (or cochlear Meniere's or cochlear endolymphatic hydrops ) is a condition of the inner ear involving a pathological increase of fluid affecting the cochlea . This results in swelling that can lead to hearing loss or changes in hearing perception. It is a form of endolymphatic hydrops and related to Mén... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochlear_hydrops |
The cochlear nerve (also auditory nerve or acoustic nerve ) is one of two parts of the vestibulocochlear nerve , a cranial nerve present in amniotes , the other part being the vestibular nerve. The cochlear nerve carries auditory sensory information from the cochlea of the inner ear directly to the brain . The other po... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochlear_nerve |
The cochlear nucleus ( CN ) or cochlear nuclear complex comprises two cranial nerve nuclei in the human brainstem , the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN).
The ventral cochlear nucleus is unlayered whereas the dorsal cochlear nucleus is layered. Auditory nerve fibers, fibers that tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochlear_nucleus |
Cock's peculiar tumour is a sebaceous cyst linked growth that can resemble a squamous cell carcinoma. [ 1 ] The name is given after a 19th-century English surgeon Edward Cock . [ 2 ] The proliferating cyst is usually solitary, but it often arises from a simple trichilemmal cysts in the hair follicle epithelium and thes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cock's_peculiar_tumour |
Cockayne syndrome ( CS ), also called Neill-Dingwall syndrome , is a rare and fatal autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by growth failure, impaired development of the nervous system , abnormal sensitivity to sunlight ( photosensitivity ), eye disorders and premature aging . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Fa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockayne_syndrome |
The cocktail party effect refers to a phenomenon wherein the brain focuses a person's attention on a particular stimulus, usually auditory . This focus excludes a range of other stimuli from conscious awareness, as when a partygoer follows a single conversation in a noisy room. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This ability is widely distri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocktail_party_effect |
Coex is a biopolymer with flame-retardant properties derived from the functionalization of cellulosic fibers such as cotton , linen , jute , cannabis , coconut , ramie , bamboo , raffia palm , stipa , abacà , sisal , nettle and kapok . The formation of coex has been proven possible on wood and semi-synthetic fibers suc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coex_(material) |
The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) is a cognitive test screening for dementia , in monitoring the disease progression, and in providing profiles of cognitive impairment by examining abilities on attention , concentration , orientation , short-term memory , long-term memory , language abilities , visual... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_Abilities_Screening_Instrument |
Cognitive disengagement syndrome ( CDS ) is a syndrome characterized by developmentally inappropriate , impairing, and persistent levels of decoupled attentional processing from the ongoing external context and resultant hypoactivity . Symptoms often manifest in difficulties with staring , mind blanking , absent-minded... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_disengagement_syndrome |
Cognitive neuropsychiatry is a growing multidisciplinary field arising out of cognitive psychology and neuropsychiatry that aims to understand mental illness and psychopathology in terms of models of normal psychological function. A concern with the neural substrates of
impaired cognitive mechanisms links cognitive neu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_neuropsychiatry |
Cognitive reserve is the mind's and brain's resistance to damage of the brain. The mind's resilience is evaluated behaviorally, whereas the neuropathological damage is evaluated histologically, although damage may be estimated using blood-based markers and imaging methods. There are two models that can be used when ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_reserve |
Coital incontinence ( CI ) is urinary leakage that occurs during either penetration or orgasm and can occur with a sexual partner or with masturbation . It has been reported to occur in 10% to 27% of sexually active women with urinary continence problems. [ 1 ] There is evidence to suggest links between urinary leakage... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coital_incontinence |
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