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The collagen gel contraction assay is an in vitro model of wound contraction . It is performed using the dermal equivalent model, which consists of dermal fibroblasts seeded into a collagen gel. [ 1 ]
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen_gel_contraction_assay |
The College of American Pathologists ( CAP ) is a member-based physician organization founded in 1946, comprising approximately 18,000 board-certified pathologists. It serves patients, pathologists, and the public [ 1 ] by fostering and advocating best practices in pathology and laboratory medicine. [ 2 ]
It i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_American_Pathologists |
The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO) is the regulatory college for medical doctors in Ontario , Canada .
The college issues certificates of registration for all doctors to allow them to practise medicine as well as: monitors and maintains standards of practice via assessment and remediation, invest... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Physicians_and_Surgeons_of_Ontario |
A Collis gastroplasty is a surgical procedure performed when the surgeon desires to create a Nissen fundoplication , but the portion of esophagus inferior to the diaphragm is too short. Thus, there is not enough esophagus to wrap. A vertical incision is made in the stomach parallel to the left border of the esophagus. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collis_gastroplasty |
Coloanal anastomosis (also known as coloanal pull-through ) is a surgical procedure in which the colon is attached to the anus after the rectum has been removed.
This article incorporates public domain material from Dictionary of Cancer Terms . U.S. National Cancer Institute .
This surgery article is a stub . You can... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloanal_anastomosis |
Colorimetric capnography is a qualitative measurement method that detects the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2, a relatively acidic gas) in a given gaseous environment. From a medical perspective, the method is usually applied by exposing litmus paper/film to an environment containing a patient's airway gases (i.e. plac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorimetric_capnography |
Combinatorial ablation and immunotherapy is an oncological treatment that combines various tumor-ablation techniques with immunotherapy treatment. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Combining ablation therapy of tumors with immunotherapy enhances the immunostimulating response and has synergistic effects for curative metastatic c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_ablation_and_immunotherapy |
Combined drug intoxication ( CDI ), or multiple drug intake ( MDI ), is a cause of death by drug overdose from poly drug use , often implicated in polysubstance dependence .
People who engage in polypharmacy are at an elevated risk of death from CDI. Other dangers of combining drugs such as "brain damage, heart proble... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_drug_intoxication |
A combined internal medicine and psychiatry residency program is a post-graduate medical education program in the United States , which leads to board eligibility in both internal medicine and psychiatry . That is, a graduate of the residency is both an internist as well as a psychiatrist . The program takes five years... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_internal_medicine_and_psychiatry_residency |
The COMMANDO Operation or COMMANDO Procedure ( COM bined MA ndibulectomy and N eck D issection O peration) is a complicated operation for 1st degree malignancy of the tongue. [ 1 ] It comprises glossectomy (total removal of the tongue) and hemimandibulectomy together with block dissection of the cervical nodes. The ope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commando_Operation |
The Commission on Dental Competency Assessments (formerly the North East Regional Board of Dental Examiners ) is one of three examination agencies for dentists in the United States . [ 1 ] These were organized to better standardize clinical exams for licensure. Historically each state had its own independent licensing ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Dental_Competency_Assessments |
The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ( CTCAE ), [ 1 ] formerly called the Common Toxicity Criteria ( CTC or NCI-CTC ), are a set of criteria for the standardized classification of adverse events of drugs and treatment used in cancer therapy .
The CTCAE system is a product of the US National Cancer Insti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Terminology_Criteria_for_Adverse_Events |
The Common Veterinary Entry Document ( CVED ) is the official document used in all member states of the European Union (EU) to pre-notify the arrival of each consignment [ 1 ] of live animals (pets not included), live animal products and products of animal origin intended for import to or transit through the EU from th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Veterinary_Entry_Document |
Communicans is a Latin word meaning "communicating". It is most commonly used in medical or biological terminology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communicans |
A communication disorder is any disorder that affects an individual's ability to comprehend , detect, or apply language and speech to engage in dialogue effectively with others. [ 1 ] This also encompasses deficiencies in verbal and non-verbal communication styles. [ 2 ] The delays and disorders can range from simple s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_disorder |
Community-based clinical trials are clinical trials conducted directly through doctors and clinics rather than academic research facilities. They are designed to be administered through primary care physicians , community health centers and local outpatient facilities. In 1986, the Community Consortium held the first s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community-based_clinical_trial |
Comparative endocrinology focuses on the complexities of vertebrate and invertebrate endocrine systems across sub-molecular, molecular, cellular, and organismal levels of analysis. It is an interdisciplinary field that bridges biology and medicine, addressing the morphological and functional aspects of organismal devel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_endocrinology |
Comparative medicine is a distinct discipline of experimental medicine that uses animal models of human and animal disease in translational and biomedical research . [ 1 ] : 2 [ 2 ] In other words, it relates and leverages biological similarities and differences among species to better understand the mechanism of human... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_medicine |
Comparative oncology integrates the study of oncology in non-human animals into more general studies of cancer biology and therapy. The field encompasses naturally seen cancers in veterinary patients [ 1 ] and the extremely low rates of cancers seen in large mammals such as elephants and whales. [ 2 ]
Species that are... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_oncology |
Compensatory hyperhidrosis is a form of neuropathy. It is encountered in patients with myelopathy , thoracic disease, cerebrovascular disease , nerve trauma or after surgeries. The exact mechanism of the phenomenon is poorly understood. It is attributed to the perception in the hypothalamus (brain) that the body temper... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compensatory_hyperhidrosis |
Occlusion according to The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms Ninth Edition is defined as "the static relationship between the incising or masticating surfaces of the maxillary or mandibular teeth or tooth analogues". [ 1 ]
When exploring different complete denture occlusal schemes, it is more useful to define occlusion ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_denture_occlusion |
A complication in medicine , or medical complication, is an unfavorable result of a disease , health condition, or treatment . Complications may adversely affect the prognosis , or outcome, of a disease. Complications generally involve a worsening in the severity of the disease or the development of new signs, symptoms... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) |
A component cause is an event or condition that contributes to the development of a disease , but is not sufficient on its own to cause the disease. Instead, it is part of a larger set of conditions, known as a "sufficient cause," that together result in the disease.
A component cause is a factor that, along with othe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Component_causes |
Composite odontoma is a rare defect in humans in which a benign tumor forms in the mouth, generally as a result of the abnormal growth of a single tooth , causing additional teeth to form within the tumor. Most cases have been found in the upper jaw of patients. Unchecked growth of the tumor can make swallowing and eat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_odontoma |
Comprehensive Psychiatry is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering psychopathology . It was established in 1960 and is published by Elsevier . The editor-in-chief is Naomi Fineberg ( University of Hertfordshire ). According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 2.128. [ 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Psychiatry |
Comprehensive medication management (CMM) is the process of delivering clinical services aimed at ensuring a patient's medications (including prescribed, over-the-counter, vitamins, supplements and alternative) are individually assessed to determine that they have an appropriate reason for use, are efficacious for trea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_medication_management |
Compulsive talking (or talkaholism ) is talking that goes beyond the bounds of what is considered to be socially acceptable. [ 1 ] The main criteria for determining if someone is a compulsive talker are talking in a continuous manner or stopping only when the other person starts talking, and others perceiving their tal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsive_talking |
Compulsory sterilization , also known as forced or coerced sterilization , refers to any government-mandated program to involuntarily sterilize a specific group of people. Sterilization removes a person's capacity to reproduce, and is usually done by surgical or chemical means.
Purported justifications for compulsory ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_sterilization |
Computational epidemiology is a multidisciplinary field that uses techniques from computer science , mathematics , geographic information science and public health to better understand issues central to epidemiology such as the spread of diseases or the effectiveness of a public health intervention. Computational epide... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_epidemiology |
Computer-aided auscultation ( CAA ), or computerized assisted auscultation , is a digital form of auscultation . It includes the recording, visualization, storage, analysis and sharing of digital recordings of heart or lung sounds. The recordings are obtained using an electronic stethoscope or similarly suitable record... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_auscultation |
The Computer Aided Surgery is a scientific journal covering all aspects of Computer-assisted surgery (CAS), a surgical concept and set of methods, that use computer technology for presurgical planning , and for guiding or performing surgical interventions .
The International Society for Computer Aided Surgery (ISCAS) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Aided_Surgery_(journal) |
Computerized physician order entry ( CPOE ), sometimes referred to as computerized provider order entry or computerized provider order management ( CPOM ), is a process of electronic entry of medical practitioner instructions for the treatment of patients (particularly hospitalized patients) under his or her care.
The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerized_physician_order_entry |
Computing in Cardiology (formerly known as Computers in Cardiology ) is a scientific conference held annually since 1974. It brings together scientists from medicine, bioengineering, and other related fields, focused on the application of computational methods in cardiology . Papers presented at the conference are publ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_in_Cardiology |
Concealed conduction is tissue stimulation without direct effect, but leading to a change in conduction characteristics. [ 1 ] The term "concealed" is in reference to that the conduction is not observable by electrocardiogram.
A common example would be an interpolated PVC (a type of premature ventricular contraction )... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concealed_conduction |
In the study of inhaled anesthetics , the concentration effect is the increase in the rate that the Fa (alveolar concentration)/Fi (inspired concentration) ratio rises as the alveolar concentration of that gas is increased. In simple terms, the higher the concentration of gas administered, the faster the alveolar conce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration_effect |
Concentric hypertrophy is a hypertrophic growth of a hollow organ without overall enlargement, [ 1 ] in which the walls of the organ are thickened and its capacity or volume is diminished.
Sarcomeres are added in parallel, as for example occurs in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy . [ citation needed ]
In the heart , conce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentric_hypertrophy |
Conditioned play audiometry ( CPA ) is a type of audiometry done in children from ages 2 to 5 years old, in developmental age. It is the test that directly follows visual reinforcement audiometry when the child becomes able to focus on a task. It is a type of behavioral hearing test, of which there are many.
Conditio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioned_play_audiometry |
Condom-associated erection problem (CAEP) is erectile dysfunction experienced due to condoms . [ 1 ] CAEP can occur in young and healthy men who otherwise have no erectile dysfunctions, although men who experience CAEP have greater odds of having mild-to-moderate erectile dysfunction. CAEP has the effect of discouragin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condom-associated_erection_problem |
Conductive hearing loss (CHL) is a type of hearing impairment that occurs when sound waves are unable to efficiently travel through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum), or middle ear structures such as the ossicles. This blockage or dysfunction prevents sound from being effectively conducted to the inner ear, re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_hearing_loss |
Conductive keratoplasty ( CK ) is a type of refractive surgery that uses radio waves to adjust the contour of the cornea by shrinking the corneal collagen around it. [ 1 ] It is used to treat mild to moderate hyperopia . It is a non-invasive alternative to other types of eye surgery . It uses the same principles of las... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_keratoplasty |
Cone beam computed tomography (or CBCT , also referred to as C-arm CT , cone beam volume CT , flat panel CT or Digital Volume Tomography (DVT)) is a medical imaging technique consisting of X-ray computed tomography where the X-rays are divergent, forming a cone. [ 1 ]
CBCT has become increasingly important in treatmen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_beam_computed_tomography |
In dentistry , the configuration factor (or c-factor ) refers to the number of bonded surfaces in an adhesive dental restoration . Because adhesive dental restorative material will adhere to the walls of a cavity preparation made available to it during polymerization, competing forces can arise during restoration of t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_factor |
In psychology , confusion is the quality or emotional state of being bewildered or unclear. The term "acute mental confusion" [ 1 ] is often used interchangeably with delirium [ 2 ] in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems and the Medical Subject Headings publications to d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion |
Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society (CHSS) is a professional membership organization of heart surgeons who specialize in treating congenital heart defects . The society is a non-profit organization registered in the United States.
The history of the group goes back to the early days of cardiac surgery in the mid 1950s,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_Heart_Surgeons'_Society |
Congenital anosmia is a rare condition characterized by the complete inability to perceive smell from birth. It affects approximately 1 in 10,000 individuals and is often diagnosed later in life due to its subtle presentation and lack of associated symptoms. [ 7 ] [ 8 ]
The cause of congenital anosmia is not fully und... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_anosmia |
Conjugate gaze palsies are neurological disorders affecting the ability to move both eyes in the same direction. These palsies can affect gaze in a horizontal, upward, or downward direction. [ 1 ] These entities overlap with ophthalmoparesis and ophthalmoplegia .
Symptoms of conjugate gaze palsies include the impairme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_gaze_palsy |
Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma ( conjunctival SCC ) and corneal intraepithelial neoplasia comprise ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). SCC is the most common malignancy of the conjunctiva in the US, with a yearly incidence of 1–2.8 per 100,000. Risk factors for the disease are exposure to sun (specifically ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctival_squamous_cell_carcinoma |
A connective tissue neoplasm or connective tissue tumor is a neoplasm arising from the tissues of the connective tissue . [ 1 ] (Not all tumors in the connective tissue are of the connective tissue.)
This article about a neoplasm is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue_neoplasm |
Conolly Norman (12 March 1853 – 23 February 1908 [ 1 ] ) was an Irish alienist, or psychiatrist , of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He was the Resident Medical Superintendent of a number of district asylums, most notably Ireland's largest asylum, the Richmond District Lunatic Asylum, now known as St... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conolly_Norman |
Conscious breathing encompasses techniques directing awareness toward the breathing process, serving purposes from improving respiration to building mindfulness . In martial arts like tai chi and qigong , breathing exercises are said to strengthen diaphragm muscles and protect organs, with reverse breathing being a com... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscious_breathing |
A consecutive case series is a type of case series clinical study that includes all eligible patients identified by the researchers during the study registration period. The patients are treated in the order in which they are identified. This type of study usually does not have a control group .
For example, in Sugrue... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consecutive_case_series |
A consensual response is any reflex observed on one side of the body when the other side has been stimulated.
For example, if an individual's right eye is shielded from light, while light shines into the left eye, constriction of the right pupil will still occur (the consensual response), along with the left (the dire... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensual_response |
Conservation medicine is an emerging, interdisciplinary field that studies the relationship between human and non-human animal health and environmental conditions. Specifically, conservation medicine is the study of how the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected and affected by conservation i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_medicine |
Conservative Dentistry , also known as operative dentistry or crown and bridge dentistry , is the area of dentistry that focuses on dental crowns and bridges. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This dentistry article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Dentistry |
Conservative treatment is a type of medical treatment defined by the avoidance of invasive measures such as surgery or other invasive procedures , [ 1 ] usually with the intent to preserve function or body parts. [ 2 ] For example, in appendicitis , conservative management may include watchful waiting and treatment wit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_treatment |
Consilia (plural of consilium , 'advice') is a genre of book, originating in medieval era plagues, where practical advice is given on a medical or other philosophical subject.
The format was originated by the Florentine doctor of medicine Taddeo Alderotti , under the pressures for down-to-earth advice, based on experi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consilia |
Constantin von Monakow (4 November 1853 – 19 October 1930) was a Russian-Swiss neuropathologist who was a native of Bobretsovo in the Vologda Governorate .
He studied at the University of Zurich while working as an assistant at the Burghölzli Institute under the directorship of Eduard Hitzig (1839-1907). After graduat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantin_von_Monakow |
Constructional apraxia is a neurological disorder in which people are unable to perform tasks or movements even though they understand the task, are willing to complete it, and have the physical ability to perform the movements. [ 1 ] It is characterized by an inability or difficulty to build, assemble, or draw objects... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructional_apraxia |
Consuelo Clark-Stewart (July 22, 1860 [ 1 ] – April 17, 1910) was an American physician and the first African American woman to practice medicine in Ohio . [ 2 ]
For twenty years, Clark-Stewart ran a thriving medical practice in Youngstown , Ohio, where she treated both black and white patients. [ 3 ] She was the daug... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consuelo_Clark-Stewart |
Contact normalization is a process by which intercellular junctions mediate signals that allow normal cells to inhibit the transformed growth of neighboring tumor cells. Intimate junctional contact between tumor cells and normal cells is needed for this form of growth control. Contact normalization describes the abilit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_normalization |
The Continental Association of African Neurosurgical Societies ( CAANS ) is the continental, non-governmental , learned society representing the neurosurgeons of African region. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is one of the 5 Continental Associations ( AANS , AASNS , CAANS, EANS and FLANC ) of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Soc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Association_of_African_Neurosurgical_Societies |
Contingent contagionism was a concept in 19th-century medical writing and epidemiology before the germ theory , used as a qualified way of rejecting the application of the term " contagious disease " for a particular infection. For example, it could be stated that cholera , or typhus , was not contagious in a "healthy ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingent_contagionism |
Continuing medical education ( CME ) is continuing education (CE) that helps those in the medical field maintain competence and learn about new and developing areas of their field. These activities may take place as live events, written publications, online programs, audio, video, or other electronic media. Content for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuing_medical_education |
Contoura Vision is a topography guided laser technology used to correct refractive error and thereby decreasing or eliminating dependency on glasses or contact lenses . The technology reduces side effects linked with laser procedures like LASIK and SMILE. [ 1 ] It was FDA approved in the US in 2016. The method provides... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contoura_Vision |
A contraceptive implant is an implantable medical device used for the purpose of birth control . The implant may depend on the timed release of hormones to hinder ovulation or sperm development, the ability of copper to act as a natural spermicide within the uterus , or it may work using a non-hormonal, physical blocki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraceptive_implant |
In medicine , a contraindication is a condition (a situation or factor) that serves as a reason not to take a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Contraindication is the opposite of indication , which is a reason to use a certain treatment.
Absolute contraindications ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraindication |
Convalescence is the gradual recovery of health and strength after illness or injury .
It refers to the later stage of an infectious disease or illness when the patient recovers and returns to previous health, but may continue to be a source of infection to others even if feeling better. [ 1 ] In this sense, " recover... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convalescence |
A convulsion is a medical condition where the body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking. [ 1 ] Because epileptic seizures typically include convulsions, the term convulsion is often used as a synonym for seizure . [ 1 ] However, not all epileptic seizures result in convul... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convulsion |
The Convulsionnaires (or Convulsionaries ) of Saint-Médard was a group of 18th-century French religious pilgrims who exhibited convulsions and later constituted a religious sect and a political movement . This practice originated at the tomb of François de Pâris , an ascetic Jansenist deacon who was buried at the cemet... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convulsionnaires_of_Saint-Médard |
Cooper-Saeed waves refer to donor heart conducted P waves on the 12-lead ECG tracing of heart transplant recipients, also demonstrating non-conducted P waves of the recipient heart . [ 1 ]
This surgery article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooper-Saeed_waves |
Cooperative synapse formation describes the mutual amplification of synapses . It is needed to explain the distribution of the number of synapses between neurons for example in a rat cortex . [ 1 ] Spike-Timing dependence of structural plasticity is capable of explaining the emergence of cooperative synapse formation. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_synapse_formation |
Wellness Recovery Action Plan ( WRAP ) is a recovery model developed by a group of people in northern Vermont in 1997 in a workshop on mental health recovery led by Mary Ellen Copeland. It has been extensively studied and reviewed, [ 1 ] and is now an evidence-based practice , listed in the SAMSHA National Registry of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copeland_Center_for_Wellness_and_Recovery |
F. Copeland Shelden (1907 – December 19, 1977) was an American orthodontist who was a graduate of the Angle School of Orthodontia . He played in important part in forming the Charles H. Tweed Foundation for research. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
He was born in Kansas City, Missouri . His father was Frank Shelden , who was also an orth... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copeland_Shelden |
A copolyester is a copolymer synthesized by modification of polyesters , which are combinations of diacids and diols . For example, by introducing other diacids, such as isophthalic acid (IPA), or other diols, such as cyclohexane dimethanol (CHDM) to the polyester polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the material becomes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copolyester |
Cor triatriatum (or triatrial heart ) [ 1 ] is a congenital heart defect where the left atrium (cor triatriatum sinistrum) or right atrium (cor triatriatum dextrum) is subdivided by a thin membrane , resulting in three atrial chambers (hence the name).
Cor triatriatum represents 0.1% of all congenital cardiac malforma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor_triatriatum |
Cord factor , or trehalose dimycolate (TDM), is a glycolipid molecule found in the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and similar species. It is the primary lipid found on the exterior of M. tuberculosis cells. [ 1 ] Cord factor influences the arrangement of M. tuberculosis cells into long and slender formations, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord_factor |
Corindus, Inc. was founded in Israel in 2002 by Rafael Beyar , an interventional cardiologist , and his student at the Technion, Tal Wenderow. The company's original goal was to use remote control and robotics to move coronary guidewires and balloon/stent catheters. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Corindus Vascular Robotics, Inc. (NYSE: ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corindus_Vascular_Robotics |
The Cormack–Lehane classification system is a method used in anesthesiology to categorize the view obtained during direct laryngoscopy, primarily assessing the visibility of the glottis and surrounding laryngeal structures. Introduced in 1984 by British anesthetists R.S. Cormack and J. Lehane, this system aids in predi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cormack–Lehane_classification_system |
The corner stitch is a common suture technique. [ 1 ] It used to close wounds that are angled or Y-shaped without appreciably compromising blood supply to the wound tip. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
The corner stitch is a variation of the horizontal mattress stitch , and is sometimes called the "half-buried horizontal mattress stitch"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corner_stitch |
A coronary CT calcium scan is a computed tomography (CT) scan of the heart for the assessment of severity of coronary artery disease . Specifically, it looks for calcium deposits in atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries that can narrow arteries and increase the risk of heart attack. [ 1 ] These plaques are t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_CT_calcium_scan |
Coronary artery aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of part of the coronary artery . This rare disorder occurs in about 0.3–4.9% of patients who undergo coronary angiography . [ 2 ]
The majority of individuals suffering from coronary artery aneurysms do not exhibit any symptoms; the development of complications or conc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_aneurysm |
Coronary artery anomalies are variations of the coronary circulation , affecting <1% of the general population. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath and syncope , although cardiac arrest may be the first clinical presentation. Several varieties are identified, with a different potential to cause sudden card... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_anomaly |
Coronary artery disease ( CAD ), also called coronary heart disease ( CHD ), or ischemic heart disease ( IHD ), [ 13 ] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart . [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 14 ] It is the most common o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_disease |
Coronary artery ectasia is a rare disease that occurs in only 0.3-4.9% of people in North America. Coronary artery ectasia is characterized by the enlargement of a coronary artery to 1.5 times or more than its normal diameter. [ 1 ] The disease is commonly asymptomatic and is normally discovered when performing tests f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_ectasia |
A coronary care unit ( CCU ) or cardiac intensive care unit ( CICU ) is a hospital ward specialized in the care of patients with heart attacks , unstable angina , cardiac dysrhythmia and (in practice) various other cardiac conditions that require continuous monitoring and treatment.
The main feature of coronary care i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_care_unit |
A coronary catheterization is a minimally invasive procedure to access the coronary circulation and blood filled chambers of the heart using a catheter . It is performed for both diagnostic and interventional (treatment) purposes.
Coronary catheterization is one of the several cardiology diagnostic tests and procedure... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_catheterization |
Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the arteries and veins that supply the heart muscle (myocardium). Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. Cardiac veins then drain away the blood after it has been deoxygenated.
Because the rest of the body, and most especially the brain , needs... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_circulation |
Coronary flow reserve ( CFR ) is the maximum increase in blood flow through the coronary arteries above the normal resting volume. [ 1 ] Its measurement is often used in medicine to assist in the treatment of conditions affecting the coronary arteries and to determine the efficacy of treatments used.
When demand for o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_flow_reserve |
A coronary occlusion , or coronary artery disease , is the partial or complete obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery . This condition was first discussed in 1910 by Sir William Osler . [ 1 ] This condition slows or blocks the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart . [ 2 ] This condition can lead to myocardia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_occlusion |
Coronary reflex is the change of coronary diameter in response to chemical, neurological or mechanical stimulation of the coronary arteries .
The coronary reflexes are stimulated differently from the rest of the vascular system . [ citation needed ]
Cocaine abuse frequently can cause a coronary spasm, resulting in a s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_reflex |
Coronary steal (with its symptoms termed coronary steal syndrome or cardiac steal syndrome ) is a phenomenon where an alteration of circulation patterns leads to a reduction in the blood flow directed to the coronary circulation . [ 1 ] It is caused when there is narrowing of the coronary arteries and a coronary vasodi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_steal |
Coronary thrombosis is defined as the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel of the heart . This blood clot may then restrict blood flow within the heart , leading to heart tissue damage, or a myocardial infarction , also known as a heart attack. [ 1 ]
Coronary thrombosis is most commonly caused as a downstre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_thrombosis |
Coronary vasospasm refers to when a coronary artery suddenly undergoes either complete or sub-total temporary occlusion. [ 1 ]
In 1959, Prinzmetal et al. described a type of chest pain resulting from coronary vasospasm, referring to it as a variant form of classical angina pectoris . [ 2 ] Consequently, this angina ha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_vasospasm |
When extracting lower wisdom teeth , coronectomy is a treatment option involving removing the crown of the lower wisdom tooth, whilst keeping the roots in place in healthy patients. This option is given to patients as an alternative to extraction when the wisdom teeth are in close association with the inferior alveolar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronectomy |
A corpectomy or vertebrectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing all or part of the vertebral body ( Latin : corpus vertebrae , hence the name corpectomy), usually as a way to decompress the spinal cord and nerves. Corpectomy is often performed in association with some form of discectomy . [ 1 ]
When the v... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpectomy |
Decomposition is the process in which the organs and complex molecules of animal and human bodies break down into simple organic matter over time. In vertebrates , five stages of decomposition are typically recognized: fresh, bloat, active decay, advanced decay, and dry/skeletonized. [ 1 ] Knowing the different stages ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpse_decomposition |
The Corpulence Index ( CI ) (also Ponderal Index ( PI ) or Rohrer's Index ) is a measure of corpulence , or of leanness in other variants, of a person [ 1 ] calculated as a relationship between mass and height. [ 2 ] It was first proposed in 1921 as the "Corpulence measure" by Swiss physician Fritz Rohrer [ 3 ] [ 4 ] a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpulence_index |
Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain 's occipital cortex . [ 1 ] Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances. [ 2 ] Acquired cortical blindness is most often caused by loss of blood flow to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_blindness |
Cortical deafness is a rare form of sensorineural hearing loss caused by damage to the primary auditory cortex . Cortical deafness is an auditory disorder where the patient is unable to hear sounds but has no apparent damage to the structures of the ear (see auditory system ). It has been argued to be as the combinatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_deafness |
A cortical implant is a subset of neuroprosthetics that is in direct connection with the cerebral cortex of the brain . By directly interfacing with different regions of the cortex, the cortical implant can provide stimulation to an immediate area and provide different benefits, depending on its design and placement. A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_implant |
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