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Cortical spreading depression ( CSD ) or spreading depolarization ( SD ) is a wave of electrophysiological hyperactivity followed by a wave of inhibition. [ 3 ] Spreading depolarization describes a phenomenon characterized by the appearance of depolarization waves of the neurons and neuroglia [ 4 ] that propagates acro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_spreading_depression |
Cortical stimulation mapping ( CSM ) is a type of electrocorticography that involves a physically invasive procedure and aims to localize the function of specific brain regions through direct electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex . [ 1 ] It remains one of the earliest methods of analyzing the brain and has allo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_stimulation_mapping |
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates , as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones. Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids , are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroid |
In bone surgery , a corticotomy is a cutting of the bone that may or may not split into two pieces ( bone fracture ). It involves only the cortex , leaving intact the medullary vessels and periosteum . Corticotomy is particularly important in distraction osteogenesis or surgically facilitated orthodontic therapy .
Thi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticotomy |
The cortisol awakening response ( CAR ) is an increase between 38% and 75% in cortisol levels peaking 30–45 minutes after awakening in the morning in some people. [ 1 ] This rise is superimposed upon the late-night rise in cortisol which occurs before awakening. While its purpose is uncertain, it may be linked to the h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol_awakening_response |
Cosmesis is the preservation, restoration, or bestowing of bodily beauty . [ 1 ] In the medical context, it usually refers to the surgical correction of a disfiguring defect, or the cosmetic improvements made by a surgeon following incisions . Its use is generally limited to the additional, usually minor, steps that th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmesis |
Cosmetic dentistry is generally used to refer to any dental work that improves the appearance (though not necessarily the functionality) of teeth, gums and/or bite. It primarily focuses on improvement in dental aesthetics in color, position, shape, size, alignment and overall smile appearance. [ 1 ] Many dentists refer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmetic_dentistry |
Introduced in 1983, Cotrel–Dubousset Instrumentation is a treatment approach to scoliosis . Unlike Harrington rods , this treatment is more than just an osteodistraction mechanism and allows correction of some of the features of scoliosis untreatable by Harrington rods, such as rib hump. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This medical trea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotrel–Dubousset_instrumentation |
Cotton wool consists of silky fibers taken from cotton plants in their raw state. Impurities, such as seeds, are removed and the cotton is then bleached using hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite and sterilized. It is also a refined product ( absorbent cotton in U.S. usage) which has medical , cosmetic and many oth... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_wool |
Cough CPR is the subject of a hoax email that began circulating in 1999. [ citation needed ] It is described as a "resuscitation technique" in which through prolonged coughing and deep breathing every 2 seconds, a person suffering a cardiac dysrhythmia immediately before cardiac arrest can keep conscious until help arr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough_CPR |
Council of Interstate Testing Agencies (CITA) is one of five examination agencies for dentists in the United States . The other examination agencies are, Central Regional Dental Testing Service , West Regional Examining Board , Northeast Regional Board of Dental Examiners , and Southern Regional Testing Agency . These ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Interstate_Testing_Agencies |
A counterirritant is a substance which creates irritation or mild inflammation in one location with the goal of lessening discomfort and/or inflammation in another location. [ 1 ] This strategy falls into the more general category of counterstimulation .
Topical counter-irritants are non-analgesic, non-anesthetic subs... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterirritant |
A counterstain is a stain with colour contrasting to the principal stain, making the stained structure easily visible using a microscope .
Examples include the malachite green counterstain to the fuchsine stain in the Gimenez staining technique and the eosin counterstain to haematoxylin in the H&E stain . [ 1 ] In Gra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterstain |
Counterstimulation is a treatment for pain based on distraction.
A basic example is the practice of rubbing a fresh bruise, so that attention is paid to the sense of touch and pressure, rather than to the pain of the injury. [ 1 ] Liniment and "medicated" products containing menthol work in the same way, producing sen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterstimulation |
Coupland's elevators (also known as chisels ) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] are instruments commonly used for dental extraction . They are used in sets of three each of increasing size and are used to split multi-rooted teeth and are inserted between the bone and tooth roots and rotated to elevate them out of the sockets. [ 3 ] The inst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupland's_elevators |
In medicine the term course generally takes one of two meanings, both reflecting the sense of " path that something or someone moves along...process or sequence or steps ":
A patient may be said to be at the beginning, the middle or the end, or at a particular stage of the course of a disease or a treatment. A precurs... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course_(medicine) |
Mialy Rajoelina
Covid-Organics (CVO) is an Artemisia -based drink that Andry Rajoelina , president of Madagascar , claims can prevent and cure Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The drink is produced from a species under the Artemisia genus [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] from which artemisinin is extracted for malaria treatment.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covid-Organics |
The Cox maze procedure , also known as maze procedure , is a type of heart surgery for atrial fibrillation .
"Maze" refers to the series of incisions arranged in a maze -like pattern in the atria . Today, various methods of minimally invasive maze procedures, collectively named minimaze procedures , are used.
James C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cox_maze_procedure |
Coxsackie B is a group of six serotypes of coxsackievirus (CVB1-CVB6), a pathogenic enterovirus , that trigger illnesses ranging from a mild febrile rash to full-fledged pericarditis and myocarditis ( coxsackievirus-induced cardiomyopathy ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
The genome of Coxsackie B virus consists of approximately 7,400 b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxsackie_B_virus |
Coxsackieviruses -induced cardiomyopathy are positive-stranded RNA viruses in picornavirus family and the genus enterovirus , acute enterovirus infections such as Coxsackievirus B3 have been identified as the cause of virally induced acute myocarditis , resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy . [ 1 ] Dilated cardiomyopathy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxsackievirus-induced_cardiomyopathy |
Cramp fasciculation syndrome (CFS) is a rare [ 1 ] peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related (and common) disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome ; it causes fasciculations , cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia (another related... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cramp_fasciculation_syndrome |
Auscultation , a medical neurological procedure , can be performed upon the skull to check for intracranial bruits . Such a bruit may be found in such conditions as cerebral angioma, tumour of the glomus jugulare , intracranial aneurysm , meningioma , occlusion of the internal carotid artery, or increased intracranial ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_auscultation |
A cranial drill , also known as a craniotome , is a tool for drilling simple burr holes (trepanation) or for creating larger openings in the skull . This exposes the brain and allows operations like craniotomy and craniectomy to be done. The drill itself can be manually or electrically driven, and primarily consists of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_drill |
The cranial nerve exam is a type of neurological examination . It is used to identify problems with the cranial nerves by physical examination . It has nine components. Each test is designed to assess the status of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves (I-XII). These components correspond to testing the sense of sme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerve_examination |
Cranial ultrasound is a technique for scanning the brain using high-frequency sound waves. It is used almost exclusively in babies because their fontanelle (the soft spot on the skull) provides an "acoustic window".
A different form of ultrasound-based brain scanning, transcranial Doppler , can be used in any age grou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_ultrasound |
Craniocervical instability ( CCI ) is a medical condition characterized by excessive movement of the vertebra at the atlanto-occipital joint and the atlanto-axial joint located between the skull and the top two vertebra, known as C1 and C2 . [ citation needed ] The condition can cause neural injury and compression of n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniocervical_instability |
A cranioclast (from Greek κρανίον kranion "head, skull" and -κλάστης -klastes "breaker") is a surgical instrument akin to a strong forceps . It was once used to crush and then extract the skull of a fetus so as to facilitate delivery in cases of obstructed labour. [ 1 ] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranioclast |
Craniofacial prostheses are prostheses made by individuals trained in anaplastology or maxillofacial prosthodontics who medically help rehabilitate those with facial defects caused by disease (mostly progressed forms of skin cancer , and head and neck cancer ), trauma ( outer ear trauma , eye trauma ) or birth defects ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniofacial_prosthesis |
Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty that deals with congenital and acquired deformities of the head , skull , face , neck , jaws and associated structures. Although craniofacial treatment often involves manipulation of bone, craniofacial surgery is not tissue-specific; craniofacial surgeons deal with bone, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniofacial_surgery |
Credé prophylaxis is the practice of washing a newborn's eyes with a 2% silver nitrate solution to protect against neonatal conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae , thereby preventing blindness. [ 1 ]
The Credé procedure was developed by the German physician Carl Siegmund Franz Credé who implemented it in his ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credé's_prophylaxis |
Creola bodies are a histopathologic finding indicative of asthma . Found in a patient's sputum , they are ciliated columnar cells sloughed from the bronchial mucosa of a patient with asthma. Other common findings in the sputum of asthma patients include Charcot-Leyden crystals , Curschmann's Spirals , and eosinophils... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creola_bodies |
Cricopharyngeal myotomy is a surgical sectioning of the cricopharyngeus muscle , also known as the upper esophageal sphincter , that has been advocated for the treatment of cricopharyngeal spasm , or cricopharyngeal achalasia, that leads to cervical dysphagia in the clinical setting. [ 1 ]
This surgery can be used for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricopharyngeal_myotomy |
A crisis actor (aka actor-patient or actor victim ) is a trained actor , role player, volunteer, or other person engaged to portray a disaster victim during emergency drills to train first responders such as police , firefighters or EMS personnel. Crisis actors are used to create high-fidelity simulations of disasters ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_actor |
The Critical Psychiatry Network (CPN) is a psychiatric organization based in the United Kingdom . It was created by a group of British psychiatrists who met in Bradford , England in January 1999 in response to proposals by the British government to amend the Mental Health Act 1983 . They expressed concern about the imp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_Psychiatry_Network |
Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis is a quarterly scientific journal published by Begell House covering the field of oncology . The editor-in-chief is Ragnhild A. Lothe .
This article about an oncology journal is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
See tips for writing articles about academic journals . Fu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_Reviews_in_Oncogenesis |
Critical emergency medicine ( CREM ) refers to the acute medical care of patients who have medical emergencies that pose an immediate threat to life, irrespective of location. In particular, the term is used to describe the role of anaesthesiologists in providing such care. [ 1 ]
The term was introduced in 2010 in a p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_emergency_medicine |
Critical illness polyneuropathy ( CIP ) and critical illness myopathy ( CIM ) are overlapping syndromes of diffuse, symmetric, flaccid muscle weakness occurring in critically ill patients and involving all extremities and the diaphragm with relative sparing of the cranial nerves. CIP and CIM have similar symptoms and p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_illness_polyneuropathy |
Cross-circulation is a medical technique in which the circulatory system of one individual is temporarily connected to and shared with that of another, typically to support or maintain physiological function in cases where one system alone would be insufficient. Initially pioneered in the 1950s by cardiac surgeon C. Wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-circulation |
Cross-cultural psychiatry (also known as ethnopsychiatry or transcultural psychiatry or cultural psychiatry ) is a branch of psychiatry concerned with the cultural context of mental disorders and the challenges of addressing ethnic diversity in psychiatric services. It emerged as a coherent field from several strands o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-cultural_psychiatry |
Cross education is a neurophysiological phenomenon where an increase in strength is witnessed within an untrained limb following unilateral strength training in the opposite, contralateral limb. [ 1 ]
Cross education can also be seen in the transfer of skills from one limb to the other.
A resistance trainer witnesses... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_education |
In dentistry, the crown is the visible part of the tooth above the gingival margin and is an essential component of dental anatomy. Covered by enamel , the crown plays a crucial role in cutting, tearing, and grinding food. Its shape and structure vary depending on the type and function of the tooth ( incisors , canines... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_(tooth) |
Crown lengthening is a surgical procedure performed by a dentist , or more frequently a periodontist , where more tooth is exposed by removing some of the gingival margin (gum) and supporting bone. [ 1 ] Crown lengthening can also be achieved orthodontically (using braces) by extruding the tooth.
Crown lengthening is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_lengthening |
A crownlay is a type of dental restoration.
A crownlay is a hybrid dental restoration typically placed over an endodontically treated tooth that is more conservative than a normal full coverage crown , but less conservative than a normal only. Crownlays incorporate an extension of extra restorative material on the und... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crownlay |
Crutch paralysis is a form of paralysis which can occur when either the radial nerve or part of the brachial plexus , containing various nerves that innervate sense and motor function to the arm and hand, is under constant pressure, such as by the use of a crutch . [ 1 ] This can lead to paralysis of the muscles innerv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crutch_paralysis |
Cryoablation is a process that uses extreme cold to destroy tissue . Cryoablation is performed using hollow needles (cryoprobes) through which cooled, thermally conductive fluids are circulated. Cryoprobes are positioned adjacent to the target in such a way that the freezing process will destroy the diseased tissue. On... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoablation |
After the 1959 Cuban Revolution , Cuba established a program to send its medical personnel overseas, particularly to Latin America , Africa , and Oceania , and to bring medical students and patients to Cuba for training and treatment respectively. In 2007, Cuba had 42,000 workers in international collaborations in 103 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_medical_internationalism |
Cuffitis is inflammation at the anal transition zone or "cuff" created as a result of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). [ 1 ] It is considered a variant form of ulcerative colitis that occurs in the rectal cuff. [ 2 ] Cuffitis is a common complication of IPAA, particularly when a stapled anastomosis without mucosect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuffitis |
The Cullen Medal , named for William Cullen , is awarded by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh for “the greatest benefit done to Practical Medicine”. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cullen_Medal |
A Cullenite is a follower of any person named Cullen . Notable Cullens to have followers referred to as Cullenites have included the Scottish physician William Cullen [ 1 ] and particularly Paul Cardinal Cullen , archbishop of Dublin and the first cardinal from Ireland.
Notable Cullenites who followed Cardinal Cullen ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cullenite |
Cultural competency training is an instruction to achieve cultural competence and the ability to appreciate and interpret accurately other cultures . In an increasingly globalised world, training in cultural sensitivity to others' cultural identities (which may include race , sexuality , religion and other factors) and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_competency_training |
Dwarfism has been showcased across many types of media. As popular media has become more prevalent, a greater number of works depicting dwarfism have popularized the condition.
Several works of literature treat dwarfism as a major theme, with varying degrees of realism:
Several works of visual arts treat dwarfism as ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_dwarfism |
Breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is influenced by different cultural backgrounds . Factors include differences in beliefs, attitudes, and treatment options that impact diverse populations throughout the world.
A study examining spirituality and breast cancer showed a positive correlation between spirituality and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_differences_in_breast_cancer_diagnosis_and_treatment |
The Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa has had a large effect on the culture of most of the West African countries. In most instances, the effect is a rather negative one as it has disrupted many Africans’ traditional norms and practices. For instance, many West African communities rely on traditional healers and witc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_effects_of_the_Western_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic |
Culture conversion is a diagnostic criteria indicating the point at which samples taken from a person infected with a tuberculosis can no longer produce tuberculosis cell cultures . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Culture conversion is a positive prognostic marker indicating that a person is cured of, or is recovering from, tuberculosis. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_conversion |
A cure is a substance or procedure that resolves a medical condition. This may include a medication , a surgical operation , a lifestyle change, or even a philosophical shift that alleviates a person's suffering or achieves a state of healing. The medical condition can be a disease , mental illness , genetic disorder ,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cure |
Curettage ( / ˌ k j ʊər ɪ ˈ t ɑː ʒ / or / k j ʊəˈr ɛ t ɪ dʒ / ), in medical procedures , is the use of a curette (French, meaning "scoop" [ 1 ] ) to remove tissue by scraping or scooping. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Curettages are also a method of abortion . It has been replaced by vacuum aspiration over the last decade. [ citation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curettage |
A curette is a surgical instrument designed for scraping or debriding biological tissue or debris in a biopsy , excision , or cleaning procedure. In form, the curette is a small hand tool , often similar in shape to a stylus ; at the tip of the curette is a small scoop, hook, or gouge . The verb to curette means "to sc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curette |
Current Cancer Drug Targets is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Bentham Science Publishers . The editor-in-chief is Ruiwen Zhang ( UH Drug Discovery Institute). The journal covers research on contemporary molecular drug targets involved in cancer , including medicinal chemistry , pharmacology , molecular bi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Cancer_Drug_Targets |
Current Dental Terminology ( CDT ) is a code set with descriptive terms developed and updated by the American Dental Association (ADA) for reporting dental services and procedures to dental benefits plans. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Prior to 2010 many of the codes were published by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Dental_Terminology |
Current Oncology is a bi-monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering oncology . It was established in 1994 and was originally published quarterly by Multimed Inc. , a company founded in 1980 by Lorne Cooper. Its founders intended it to be a forum in which Canadian oncologists could publish their work. [ 1 ] The jour... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Oncology |
Current Problems in Surgery is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal of surgery published by Elsevier . According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 2.815. [ 1 ]
This article about a surgery journal is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
See tips for writing art... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Problems_in_Surgery |
In anatomy , the Curve of Spee (also called von Spee's curve or Spee's curvature ) is defined as the curvature of the mandibular occlusal plane beginning at the canine and following the buccal cusps of the posterior teeth , continuing to the terminal molar . According to another definition the curve of Spee is an anato... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_of_Spee |
The curve of Wilson is the across arch, and across median plane, curvature or posterior occlusal plane.
Arc of the curve, which is concave for mandibular teeth and convex for maxillary teeth are defined by a line drawn from left mandibular first molar to right mandibular first molar. [ 1 ]
This dentistry article is a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_of_Wilson |
In gynaecology , Cusco's self-retaining bivalved speculum is a kind of speculum used for vaginal and cervical examinations. It has a jaw that opens up like a duck bill.
The instrument was named after French surgeon Édouard-Gabriel Cusco (1819–1894). [ 1 ]
It comes in three models: side screw, centre screw, and specia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusco's_speculum |
Cushing's syndrome disease , also known as hyperadrenocorticism and spontaneous hypercortisolism , is a condition resulting from an endocrine disorder where too much adrenocorticotropic and cortisol hormones are produced, causing toxicity. It may arise in animals as well as in humans . [ 1 ] Cushing's is an umbrella te... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing's_syndrome_(veterinary) |
Cutaneous lymphoma , also known as lymphoma cutis , is when lymphoma involves the skin. [ 1 ] It is characterized by a proliferation of lymphoid tissue. [ 2 ]
There are two main classes of lymphomas that affect the skin: [ citation needed ]
This oncology article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_lymphoma |
A cutaneous sinus of dental origin is where a dental infection drains onto the surface of the skin of the face or neck. This is uncommon as usually dental infections drain into the mouth, typically forming a parulis ("gumboil").
Cutaneous sinuses of dental origin tend to occur under the chin or mandible . Without elim... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_sinus_of_dental_origin |
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma ( cSCC ), also known as squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous-cell skin cancer , is one of the three principal types of skin cancer , alongside basal-cell carcinoma and melanoma . [ 10 ] cSCC typically presents as a hard lump with a scaly surface, though it may also present a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_squamous-cell_carcinoma |
Cutibacterium granulosum is a bacterium that may stimulate the immune system to fight cancer .
This article incorporates public domain material from Dictionary of Cancer Terms . U.S. National Cancer Institute .
This oncology article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
This Actinomycetota -related ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutibacterium_granulosum |
Cyclic vomiting syndrome ( CVS ) is a chronic functional condition of unknown pathogenesis . CVS is characterized as recurring episodes lasting a single day to multiple weeks. Each episode is divided into four phases: inter-episodic, prodrome , vomiting , and recovery. During the inter-episodic phase, which typically l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_vomiting_syndrome |
Cynanthropy (sometimes spelled kynanthropy ; from Ancient Greek : κύων / kúōn , 'dog' + ἄνθρωπος / ánthrōpos , 'man; human') is, in psychiatry , the pathological delusion of real persons that they are dogs [ 1 ] and in anthropology and folklore , the supposed magical practice of shape-shifting alternately between dog a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynanthropy |
Cysteinyldopa , or 5- S -cysteinyldopa , is a catecholamine . Excessive cysteinyldopa in plasma and urine has been linked to malignant melanoma . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Cysteinyldopa is found in large amounts in the plasma and urine of patients with malignant melanoma. It is therefore used in the diagnosis of melanoma and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteinyldopa |
Cystic fibrosis–related diabetes ( CFRD ) is diabetes specifically caused by cystic fibrosis , a genetic condition. Cystic fibrosis related diabetes mellitus (CFRD) develops with age, and the median age at diagnosis is 21 years. [ 1 ] It is an example of type 3c diabetes – diabetes that is caused by damage to the pancr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis–related_diabetes |
Cystic lesions of the pancreas are a group of pancreatic lesions characterized by a cystic appearance. They can be benign or malignant. [ citation needed ]
Cystic lesions are found in 20.6% of all pancreatectomy specimens. Among this heterogeneous group, benign neoplasms predominate, particularly those with mucinous l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_lesions_of_the_pancreas |
A cystocele , also known as a prolapsed bladder , is a medical condition in which a woman's bladder bulges into her vagina . [ 1 ] [ 5 ] Some may have no symptoms. [ 6 ] Others may have trouble starting urination, urinary incontinence , or frequent urination . [ 1 ] Complications may include recurrent urinary tract inf... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystocele |
A cystoprostatectomy is a surgical procedure in which the urinary bladder and prostate gland are removed. The procedure combines a cystectomy and a prostatectomy . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This surgery article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystoprostatectomy |
A cystourethrectomy or cysto-urethrectomy is a surgical procedure in which the urinary bladder and urethra are removed. [ 1 ] The procedure combines a cystectomy and a urethrectomy . [ citation needed ]
This surgery article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystourethrectomy |
Cyto-Stain , or CytoStain , is commercially available mix of staining dyes for polychromatic staining in histology. It provides results comparable to Papanicolaou staining , but in fewer operations and in shorter time. It is used in ultrafast Papanicolaou staining .
Cyto-Stain G is a modification of Cyto-Stain, produ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyto-Stain |
CytoJournal is a peer-reviewed PubMed -indexed open access online scientific journal on cytology that publishes research articles and information related to all aspects of diagnostic cytopathology , including topics such as molecular cytopathology. It is owned and supported by a non-profit organization (Cytopathology F... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CytoJournal |
A cytobrush is a plastic tool used to obtain cells from the cervix during the procedure of a Pap smear . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This gynaecology article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytobrush |
Cytopathic effect (abbreviated CPE ) refers to structural changes in host cells that are caused by viral invasion. The infecting virus causes lysis of the host cell or when the cell dies without lysis due to an inability to replicate. [ 1 ] If a virus causes these morphological changes in the host cell, it is said to b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytopathic_effect |
Cytoreductive surgery ( CRS ) is a surgical procedure that aims to reduce the amount of cancer cells in the abdominal cavity for patients with tumors that have spread intraabdominally ( peritoneal carcinomatosis ). It is often used to treat ovarian cancer but can also be used for other abdominal malignancies.
CRS is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoreductive_surgery |
Cœur en sabot (French for "clog-shaped heart" or "boot-shaped heart" [ 1 ] ) is a radiological sign seen most commonly in patients with tetralogy of Fallot , [ 2 ] a cyanotic congenital heart disease. It is a radiological term to describe the following findings in the x-ray: [ citation needed ]
Echocardiography has be... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cœur_en_sabot |
DISCERN is an instrument designed to provide users with a reliable way to measure the quality of written health information . It was originally developed by Deborah Charnock, Sasha Shepperd, Gill Needham, and Robert Gann, who reported on its development and validation in a February 1999 paper. [ 1 ]
DISCERN is designe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DISCERN |
DT-PACE refers to a chemotherapy regimen for multiple myeloma consisting of Dexamethasone , Thalidomide , Cisplatin or Platinol , Adriamycin or doxorubicin , Cyclophosphamide , and Etoposide . [ 1 ]
This oncology article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DT-PACE |
The da Vinci Surgical System is a robotic surgical system that uses a minimally invasive surgical approach. The system is manufactured by the company Intuitive Surgical . The system is used for prostatectomies , increasingly for cardiac valve repair and for renal [ 1 ] and gynecologic surgical procedures. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Vinci_Surgical_System |
Dabur Ltd is an Indian multinational consumer goods company, founded by S. K. Burman and headquartered in Ghaziabad . [ 4 ] It manufactures Ayurvedic products [ 5 ] and fast-moving consumer goods . [ 6 ] Dabur derives around 60% of its revenue from the consumer care business, 11% from the food business and remaining fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabur |
Daflon is an oral micronized purified phlebotonic flavonoid fraction containing 90% diosmin and 10% hesperidin . It is manufactured by Laboratoires Servier and often used to treat or manage disorders of the blood vessels. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Flavonoids are a type of phytochemical that have been associated with various effects ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daflon |
The Dahl effect or Dahl concept is used in dentistry where a localized appliance or localized restoration is used to increase the available interocclusal space for restorations.
A steep incisal guidance angle (the angle formed between the sagittal plane when the incisors are in centric occlusion and the horizontal pla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahl_effect |
Damage control surgery is surgical intervention to keep the patient alive rather than correct the anatomy . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It addresses the "lethal triad" for critically ill patients with severe hemorrhage affecting homeostasis leading to metabolic acidosis , hypothermia , and increased coagulopathy . [ 3 ]
This lifesavi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damage_control_surgery |
In neurosurgery, Dandy's point is a common entry point for occipital burr hole . Originally described by Walter Dandy in 1918 as a way to perform ventriculography via occipital approach. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is located 2 centimetres (0.79 in) lateral to the midline and 3 centimetres (1.2 in) above the inion . The catheter ti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandy's_point |
Dao Yin Yang Sheng Gong ( Chinese : 导引养生功 ) is a form of Qigong system originated in China by Zhang Guangde , a Chinese martial artist and a former professor at the Beijing Sport University . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It integrates physical movement with mental cultivation and controlled breathing. [ 3 ]
The system was recognized a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dao_Yin_Yang_Sheng_Gong |
Darapladib is an inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA 2 ) that is in development as a drug for treatment of atherosclerosis . [ 1 ]
It was discovered by Human Genome Sciences in collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). [ 2 ]
In November 2013, GSK announced that the drug had failed to meet Pha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darapladib |
Das Reizleitungssystem des Säugetierherzens (English: " The Conduction System of the Mammalian Heart ") is a scientific monograph published in 1906 by Sunao Tawara . It has been recognized by cardiologists as a monumental discovery, [ 1 ] and a milestone in cardiac electrophysiology ". [ 2 ]
The monograph revealed the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Das_Reizleitungssystem_des_Säugetierherzens |
Sir David Ferrier FRS (13 January 1843 – 19 March 1928) was a pioneering Scottish neurologist and psychologist . Ferrier conducted experiments on the brains of animals such as monkeys and in 1881 became the first scientist to be prosecuted under the Cruelty to Animals Act, 1876 which had been enacted following a major ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ferrier |
The David Rall Medal is an award given annually by the National Academy of Medicine of the United States to one of its members who "...has demonstrated distinguished leadership as chair of a study committee or other such activity, showing commitment above and beyond the usual responsibilities of the position." [ 1 ] It... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Rall_Medal |
David Nesaraja Ratnavale (1928 – November 29, 2023) was a Sri Lankan-born psychiatrist who specialized in disaster relief on which he advised the Sri Lankan president. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Ratnavale graduated from the University of Ceylon and in 1973 was the first Western-trained psychiatrist invited to China. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] He w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ratnavale |
The Davis Phinney Foundation is a non-profit to help people with Parkinson's live well with the disease. It was founded in 2004 by Davis Phinney , a former professional road bicycle racer and Olympic medal winner. [ 1 ] Today, Davis is a figure in the cycling community and people living with Parkinson's (estimated 60,0... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davis_Phinney_Foundation |
The day–evening–night noise level or L den is a 2002 European standard to express noise level over an entire day. It imposes a penalty on sound levels during evening and night [ 1 ] and it is primarily used for noise assessments of airports , busy main roads, main railway lines and in cities over 100,000 residents. [ 2... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day–evening–night_noise_level |
Dazzle reflex is a type of reflex blink where the eyelids involuntarily blink in response to a sudden bright light ( glare ).
Neurological pathways for the dazzle reflex involve subcortical pathways, such as the supraoptic nucleus and superior colliculus . [ 1 ]
This medical article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dazzle_reflex |
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