Document stringlengths 87 1.67M | Source stringclasses 5
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Resources
Fully functional D8 theme
Drupal
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Twig
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Create hook alter for user template suggestons
/**
* Implements hook_theme_suggestions_user_alter().
*
* An array of alternate, more specific names for template files or theme
* functions for users.
*/
function training_theme_theme_suggestions_user_alter(&$suggestions, $vars, $hook) {
// Define the view mode.
$mode = $vars['elements']['#view_mode'];
// Create a theme hook suggestion which has the view mode name in it.
$suggestions[] = 'user__' . $mode;
}
Fixing 403 Forbidden error in Pattern Lab
• Create an .htaccess file in the root of your theme with the following code: (Some have reported the file should be inside the patternlab directory. Try the theme's room first and recompile your theme).
<FilesMatch "\.(twig)$">
<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
Require all granted
</IfModule>
<IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
Last updated | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Well being Benefits Overview
health benefitsSchool and staff have an array of profit decisions which allow customization of a advantages package that meets the wants of college, staff, and eligible dependents. The change got here as an appeal to conservatives, after House Freedom Caucus members lobbied President Donald Trump this week to get rid of the availability, which was not talked about in the GOP health care plan that Home leaders initially floated.
The potential health benefits of bananas include: reducing blood pressure, lowering the danger of growing childhood leukemia , and supporting coronary heart health. Asparagus could be very rich in dietary fiber and accommodates excessive levels of vitamin B6, calcium, zinc, and magnesium. For extra info on individuals who’re Medicare eligible and on our retirement benefits please click on the link below. The potential health benefits of mushrooms embody helping to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, regulating blood pressure, and enhancing immune responses to an infection. Studies have concluded that these with allergies can find reduction due to the benefits of cinnamon’s compounds. Almonds present vitamins that help to increase the bone mineral density, which helps to strengthen the skeletal system.
Please assessment the FAQ and profit information (including charge sheet and abstract of benefits) beneath organized by bargaining unit. Part 156.115(c) supplies that no health plan is required to cowl abortion services as a part of the requirement to cowl EHB. Almonds include Alpha-tocopherol, which is a major source of Vitamin E and is hence actually nice for healthy hair and skin. Though espresso may have fewer dangers compared with advantages, keep in mind that other beverages, reminiscent of milk and a few fruit juices, comprise nutrients that espresso does not. Almonds have an extremely excessive nutritive worth since they comprise copper, iron and vitamins and are therefore used as a treatment for anemia.
Studies discover that about 10 grams of soluble fiber a day—the amount in half of to 1 1/2 cups of navy beans—reduces LDL cholesterol by about 10 p.c. A retiree using the Opt-Out possibility should show proof of different medical health insurance coverage to be able to obtain an Opt-Out Reimbursement.
Look for natural ceylon cinnamon powder and cinnamon essential oil in health meals stores or ethnic markets to get the most benefits from cinnamon. Despite its unhealthy popularity for causing weight gain, there are a number of health advantages associated with its consumption (particularly darkish chocolate). The potential well being benefits of asparagus embrace: lowering the danger of diabetes, preventing kidney stones , and reducing the danger of neural tube defects in infants. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:North Shore Channel
Wildlife section needed with citations
I'm removing the wildlife section because there were no citations. It sounds authoritative but we need some reference. The book cited in the first sentence doesn't contain any specifics about the wildlife from what I can find. I'll move the first sentence into the general article.
Removed "Surrounded by parks and steep, wooded banks, the canal provides a corridor for local wildlife.[1] Wildlife includes, but is not limited to, beaver, carp, coyote, deer, mink, and turtles. Birds include black-crowned night herons, cormorants, great blue herons, green herons, and ducks.[citation needed]" — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jaxelrod (talk • contribs) 13:21, 6 September 2019 (UTC) | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Girls, Guns & Glory
The result was d elete. - Mailer Diablo 11:21, 29 May 2007 (UTC)
Girls, Guns & Glory
* – (View AfD) (View log)
I suspect the band fails Wikipedia's notability criteria. AllGloryToTheHypnotoad 16:17, 24 May 2007 (UTC)
* Delete. I suspect you are right. --Dynaflow babble 16:23, 24 May 2007 (UTC)
* Slightly stronger than weak delete - they do seem to be getting some commentary in Boston, and I saw a mention of a new music award nomination in Phoenix, but there's not a lot of coverage of them elsewhere at this point. Tony Fox (arf!) 19:57, 24 May 2007 (UTC)
* Delete Inadequate notability per WP:Music as yet. May become notable in future but keeping the article on that basis would be crystalballery. A1octopus 13:24, 25 May 2007 (UTC)
* comment - I'd like to suggest that voters also look at this article in context of other articles at Wikipedia - it's suggestive of a large walled garden about a few bands (The Vital Might, The Boston Rockers, Three Day Threshold and so on). However, I admit that shouldn't matter against this particular article's notability. AllGloryToTheHypnotoad 16:07, 25 May 2007 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Mohamed Said Raihani
Mohamed Saïd Raïhani (محمد سعيد الريحاني) is a Moroccan translator, novelist and short-story writer born on December 23, 1968, in Ksar el Kebir, north of Morocco. He is a member of Moroccan Writers’ Union, holder of a PhD degree in Translation from King Fahd Advanced School of Translation in Tangier/Morocco, an M.A. degree in Creative Writing (English Literature) from Lancaster University (United Kingdom), a second M.A. degree in Translation, Communication & Journalism from King Fahd Advanced School of Translation and a B.A. degree in English Literature from Abdelmalek Essaadi University in Tétouan/Morocco.
Childhood and early attractions towards arts and literature
Mohamed Saïd Raïhani was born on Monday December 23, 1968, in Ksar el Kebir (Morocco) where he got his primary and secondary schooling before going to Tetouan north of Morocco to carry on his university studies in English literature.
In his early life, he was fond of plastic arts but as he could not access Fine Arts School in Tetouan, 130 kilometers away from his hometown, since he was not yet fifteen years old, he shifted to literature, at the age of sixteen.
When he was sixteen years old, he tried writing his autobiography in French. Yet, on joining the university, he began writing short plays in English, being at that time a great fan of the Irish famous playwright George Bernard Shaw.
He also tried short story writing as he was fascinated by Ernest Hemingway’s writings. However, right after his university studies, he joined the sector of National Education as a teacher. on the literary plane, he shifted right away from writing in English into writing in Arabic, the language of his daily life and his deepest dreams. He, however, kept his love for short story that dates back to his childhood.
In fact, when he was a little boy, a lady who was a friend of his mother’s used to visit them every afternoon to tell them wonderful stories that were nothing but the "Arabian Nights". To this magic story-teller, he did a very special tribute in the first chapter of his "photo-autobiography" entitled "When Photo Talks".
This lady has kindled his passion for fiction since his very early childhood, enabling him master the craft of telling stories before even learning the literary writing techniques.
First steps towards fictive writing
As far as writing is concerned, Mohamed Saïd Raïhani admits being very grateful to "Composition", a period he used to like most in the elementary school years. In periods of "Composition", he felt fully free to write as he pleased and, gradually, he found out his growing inclination towards literary writing. However, reading books of great writers set his eyes wide open on worldwide literature.
His early readings were guided by nightly television series he used to watch every night. Thus, Les Misérables by Victor Hugo was perhaps his first French-speaking book that he may have chosen with his own hands at the age of thirteen. Thus, late at night, he used to read on paper the same episodes of the series he had watched on TV in the early 1980s.
Early narrative texts
"In Love" and "Open, Sesame!" are Mohamed Saïd Raïhani’s first short stories written by the end of 1991 when he was 23 years old. "In Love" was not published until fifteen years later. However, "Open, Sesame!", was published on May 9, 1994, on one of the greatest literary Annexes in the 1990s Morocco, "Bayan Al Yawm Al-Thaqafi".
The central theme in "Open, Sesame!" is repeated several times in Mohamed Saïd Raïhani’s early short stories: Flood. "Open, Sesame!" remains "a short story which invests dream as a narrative technique in a journey from individual dream to the collective one", wrote Moroccan writer Mohamed Aslim in his preface to Mohamed Saïd Raïhani’s first collection of short stories "Waiting For The Morning" published in 2003.
Literary philosophy
In 2003, Mohamed Saïd Raïhani wrote a short story entitled "The Three Keys" (published in the collection "'Season of Migration to Anywhere", 2006). This short story "The Three Keys", contains his philosophy related to fiction writing. "The Three Keys" defends free expression, urges love of the written work and dreams of reaching the real reader.It is a desire to reconcile the text with its free and wild nature:
"When Freedom, says Mohamed Saïd Raïhani in an interview with "Le Matin" a French-speaking daily newspaper, will be the direct background of fiction, Love the storyline and Dream the dominant form of narration, only then short story will have taken a wider step to emancipate itself from the present restrains. Yet, writers should realize that Immunity is not necessarily reserved to diplomates but it is also writers' and artists' as well. When writers will realize that and believe in it, they will meet Freedom and will write free texts where they can dream and love to the last dregs."
Literary works in Arabic
* Waiting for the Morning (Short Stories) in 2003
* The Season of Migration to Anywhere (Short Stories) in 2006
* Death of the Author (Short Stories) in 2010
* A Dialogue between Two Generations (Short Stories) in 2011 (Co-authored with Driss seghir)
* The Enemy of the Sun, the Clown Who turned out to Be a Monster (Novel) in 2012
* Behind Every Great Man, There Are Dwarfs (Short Stories) in 2012
* No to Violence (Short Stories) in 2014
* Fifty Short-Shorts: Theme of Freedom (Flash Fiction) in 2015
Literary Criticism in Arabic
* The Three Keys: An Anthology of Moroccan New Short Story (Vol. 1: "The Key to Dream"), 2006
* The Three Keys: An Anthology of Moroccan New Short Story (Vol. 2: "The Key to Love"), 2007
* The Three Keys: An Anthology of Moroccan New Short Story (Vol. 3: "The Key to Freedom"), 2008
Journalistic researches and investigations in Arabic
* The History of Manipulating Professional Exams in Morocco (Journalistic Investigation) Vol. 1, 2009.
* The History of Manipulation of Professional Exams in Morocco (or Letters to the Minister of Education in Morocco) (Journalistic Investigation) Vol. 2, 2011.
* Authenticity of Arab Media Slogan Through the Making of Press Image (Case of Aljazeera Slogan, The Opinion & the Other Opinion), 2015.
Onomastic researches in Arabic
* The Singularity Will (A Semiotic Study on First-names) in 2001
Works translated into English
* Waiting for the Morning (Short Stories), Bloomington (Indiana/USA): Xlibris, 2013.
Interviews collected in published books
* Anas Filali, "Raïhanyat" (Forty Interviews with Mohamed Saïd Raïhani), Amman/Jordan: Sayel Publishing Co, 1st Edition, 2012.
* Collective Work, "With Raïhani in His Cultural Lodge" (Thirty Interviews on Culture, Art & Literature with Mohamed Saïd Raïhani), Tetouan/Morocco: Maktabat Salma Al-Thaqafiah, 1st Edition, 2016. | WIKI |
What causes dark pigmentation on skin?
The color of the human’s derma depends on the pigment concentration. The lack or excess of melanin, carotene and other hormones leads to appearance of dark spots of different color and size. Stained areas of the skin can be congenital or appear with age. Often they are generated by ultraviolet impact – when sunbathing in the sun or in a solarium. This is due to the fact that melanin, giving a brown color, protects the skin from the effects of ultraviolet radiation. The more ultraviolet radiation gets on the skin, the more melanin is produced.
There are many other reasons for such spots on the face and body. Sometimes is caused by serious health disorders. Therefore, noticing the new makrs on your derma you have to seek doctor’s advice.
Pigment production is enhanced by:
1. Natural and premature aging.
2. Hormonal problems associated with thyroid gland diseases, tumors of the pituitary gland.
3. Diseases of the liver.
4. Neuropsychiatric disorders.
5. Vitamin deficiency, metabolic disorders.
6. Gynecological disorders.
Also it can be provoked by drugs intake and cosmetics. Also, dark spots can appear during pregnancy.
Do not confuse dark stains and malignant tumors – these are completely different issues. The unusual stains can be left or removed, and in both cases it will not affect the overall health, however oncological formations require a long, serious treatment.
Theoretically, such developments on your derma can appear at any age.
However, if the derma color change is observed in young people then it is usually caused by hormonal changes related to pregnancy, to the prolonged use of certain contraceptives, to the cosmetics of poor quality or to the intake of certain medicines.
The most common cause of the pigmentation is aging: at the age of forty – fifty years and older people often complain that more marks appear on the derma surface.
Why is this happening?
Basically, it is because the cells gradually lose the ability to interrupt the pigment production. Also, hormonal imbalance in women during menopause can worsen the situation.
So, dark spots appear quite often in case of:
• gynecological diseases (dysfunctions of ovaries, inflammatory processes) and pregnancy;
• liver diseases;
• hormonal contraceptives administration;
• chronic inflammatory processes in the genitourinary tract;
• thyroid dysfunction;
• liver or bile ducts disorder;
• nervous disorder, when a person is weakened by chronic diseases, of for example working with chemicals;
• vitamin C deficiency;
• introduction of various substances into the skin (this can happen in case of accidents: gunpowder from a gunshot, graphite or coal during the mine collapse);
• highly irritating ointments and creams application;
• injuries: after popping acne, uncontrolled use of local caustic agents used for any neoplasms removal.
Published at September 8, 2018
• General Health
• Add to favorites
• The level of the general health is determined depending by the presence and severity of the vital body functions decompensation. In accordance with this, the doctor takes a decision on urgency and necessity of therapeutic measures.
• Questions:
• Skin Care
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• Skin care is the range of procedures supporting skin integrity, enhancing its appearance and eliminating negative skin conditions. Except for these procedures, we need to eat healthy food, lead a healthy lifestyle, move more and treat everything in a positive way.
• Questions: | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
4.13.2. Project properties
When you create a project, RealView Debugger sets up default project settings, called Project Properties. These settings include project information and build options that you can modify. The project properties are stored in project files that have the .prj file extension. A project file is located in the directory you specify when you create a project.
You can access the Project Properties for your project using a Project Properties window. For more details on accessing the Project Properties, and how to modify them, see the chapter on managing projects in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
For more information about the compilation tool options used to implement the project build options, see Getting started with the compilation tools and the compilation tools documentation.
Build target configurations for Standard and Library projects
When you create a Standard or Library project, RealView Debugger automatically opens a Project Properties window, and sets up default build target configurations, Debug, DebugRel and Release. You can create your own build target configurations as required. Each build target configuration can have different values for the build settings, but only one configuration is active for a project. For example, you might want to set up and use the Debug and Release configurations to build images for debugging and final release.
The first time you close the Project Properties window after creating a Standard or Library project, RealView Debugger creates a build directory and makefile for each build target configuration defined for the project.
Note
If a makefile and directory for the active build target configuration does not already exist when you build a project, RealView Debugger displays a prompt stating that the makefile does not exist. Click Yes at the prompt dialog. RealView Debugger creates the makefile and directory for the active build target configuration, then performs the build.
See the chapter on managing projects in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide for more details on build target configurations.
Preprocessing and post-processing commands
Standard and Library projects also enable you to specify other preprocessing and post-processing commands. For example, after RealView Debugger has built an image, you can set up a fromelf command that the project build process is to use to convert the image to a binary ROM image.
Copyright © 2005, 2006 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.ARM DUI 0276B
Non-Confidential | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Vacation Packing List for Kids | USA Today
Make your kids comfortable when traveling by bringing appropriate clothing. (Photo: sister with brother image by Marzanna Syncerz from Fotolia.com ) Vacation fun for kids can start with the prospect of packing their own bags. However, most children, especially first-time travelers, will need some supervision to make sure they arrive at their destination with everything they need. Helping kids make a master list they can work from will give them the opportunity to think through the process. Once the list is made, give each child his or her own bag to pack and keep the checklist inside to use for repacking before the trip home. Assuming no one plans to do laundry during a weeklong vacation, kids should pack eight shirts or tops, several pairs of pants (and/or skirts) along with a sufficient amount of underwear and socks. It's a good idea to bring both lightweight and heavier-weight pajamas no matter the weather. If a fancy-dress event is in store (a family wedding or a trip to the ballet, for example) consider packing those dressier clothes in a parent's bag. Unless the family is heading for cold weather, a light waterproof jacket and a hooded sweatshirt should suffice for outerwear. Comfortable sneakers that give good support are important for kids who are going to be doing a lot of sightseeing. And because jumping in puddles is an irresistible activity for some kids, an extra pair of shoes while on vacation is a must. Consider bringing along a pair of boots if the child is going to be involved in a lot of outdoor activities. Beach shoes can serve triple duty when worn around the pool or at the beach, as bedroom slippers, and in the shower. Travel may be an adventure, but for kids the feeling of comfort and security will enhance their experience. Taking along a nightlight and a flashlight can help reduce bedtime jitters along with a favorite stuffed animal; younger kids may even want to pack a favorite blanket. Let kids pack a few juice boxes, packages of dried fruit and granola bars for those times when they can't quite make it to the next meal or they can't find anything they like on the menu. Since not every moment of a vacation is filled with activities, kids can include some entertainment in their suitcase. Include a few books, a small drawing pad and pack of markers, a puzzle book, playing cards, a collapsible Frisbee, and other items to keep them occupied during downtimes. Of course, older kids will want to take their favorite electronic devices, so make sure you include chargers or extra batteries. Kids might enjoy packing up their own airline-approved plastic bag of shampoo and other bathroom items. Packing a swimming suit and [beach towel](https://society6.com/beach-towels?utm_source=SFGHG&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=4563) in a plastic bag is a good idea so that the bag can later be used for the wet suit. If children are old enough to use a camera, pack it along with an extra memory card; other kids might enjoy preserving their memories in a small journal with unlined pages in which they can either write or draw. Leaf Group is a USA TODAY content partner providing general travel information. Its content is produced independently of USA TODAY. Peggy Epstein is a freelance writer specializing in education and parenting. She has authored two books, Great Ideas for Grandkids and Family Writes, and published more than 100 articles for various print and online publications. Epstein is also a former public school teacher with 25 years' experience. She received a Master of Arts in curriculum and instruction from the University of Missouri. 2020 USATODAY, a division of Gannett Satellite Information Network, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:Rajphysics/Raj kapur khan
Raj kapur khan (1888-1976), German-American painter, graphic artist, designer, and influential teacher, who investigated color relationships in his geometrical abstractions. Born in Bottrop, Germany, Albers attended art schools in Berlin, Essen, and Munich and then studied at the avant-garde Bauhaus laboratory-workshop from 1920 to 1923. He taught design at the Bauhaus in Weimar from 1923 to 1925, in Dessau from 1925 to 1932, and in Berlin from 1932 to 1933. He emphasized functionalism and suitability in modern design. After the Bauhaus was closed by the Nazis in 1933, Albers went to Black Mountain College, North Carolina, where he taught Bauhaus principles to his pupils, including the painter Robert Rauschenberg and the composer John Cage. When Yale University formed a department of design in 1950, Albers became its head, retiring from that position in 1958.
Albers emphasized rectilinear shapes of strong, flat color. The interplay of hues heightened the nonrepresentational, purely optical effect of the forms. In the famous experimental Homage to the Square series, on which Albers worked through the 1950s, progressively smaller forms are calculated to illustrate his theories of how changes in placement, shape, and light produce changes in color. Albers's Interaction of Color (1963) is a basic text. His work influenced the op art and minimal art of the 1960s. | WIKI |
blob: ab0b8b23a8501d37051f2cd99ef869ed9c295b43 [file] [log] [blame]
/*
**********************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2014, International Business Machines
* Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved.
**********************************************************************
*
* indentifier_info.h
*
* created on: 2013 Jan 7
* created by: Andy Heninger
*/
#ifndef __IDENTIFIER_INFO_H__
#define __IDENTIFIER_INFO_H__
#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#include "unicode/uniset.h"
#include "unicode/uspoof.h"
#include "uhash.h"
U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
class ScriptSet;
// TODO(andy): review consistency of reference vs pointer arguments to the funcions.
/**
* This class analyzes a possible identifier for script and identifier status. Use it by calling setIdentifierProfile
* then setIdentifier. Available methods include:
* <ol>
* <li>call getScripts for the specific scripts in the identifier. The identifier contains at least one character in
* each of these.
* <li>call getAlternates to get cases where a character is not limited to a single script. For example, it could be
* either Katakana or Hiragana.
* <li>call getCommonAmongAlternates to find out if any scripts are common to all the alternates.
* <li>call getNumerics to get a representative character (with value zero) for each of the decimal number systems in
* the identifier.
* <li>call getRestrictionLevel to see what the UTS36 restriction level is.
* </ol>
*
* This is a port from ICU4J of class com.ibm.icu.text.IdentifierInfo
*/
class U_I18N_API IdentifierInfo : public UMemory {
public:
/**
* Create an identifier info object. Subsequently, call setIdentifier(), etc.
* @internal
*/
IdentifierInfo(UErrorCode &status);
/**
* Destructor
*/
virtual ~IdentifierInfo();
private:
/* Disallow copying for now. Can be added if there's a need. */
IdentifierInfo(const IdentifierInfo &other);
public:
/**
* Set the identifier profile: the characters that are to be allowed in the identifier.
*
* @param identifierProfile the characters that are to be allowed in the identifier
* @return this
* @internal
*/
IdentifierInfo &setIdentifierProfile(const UnicodeSet &identifierProfile);
/**
* Get the identifier profile: the characters that are to be allowed in the identifier.
*
* @return The characters that are to be allowed in the identifier.
* @internal
*/
const UnicodeSet &getIdentifierProfile() const;
/**
* Set an identifier to analyze. Afterwards, call methods like getScripts()
*
* @param identifier the identifier to analyze
* @param status Errorcode, set if errors occur.
* @return this
* @internal
*/
IdentifierInfo &setIdentifier(const UnicodeString &identifier, UErrorCode &status);
/**
* Get the identifier that was analyzed. The returned string is owned by the ICU library,
* and must not be deleted by the caller.
*
* @return the identifier that was analyzed.
* @internal
*/
const UnicodeString *getIdentifier() const;
/**
* Get the scripts found in the identifiers.
*
* @return the set of explicit scripts.
* @internal
*/
const ScriptSet *getScripts() const;
/**
* Get the set of alternate scripts found in the identifiers. That is, when a character can be in two scripts, then
* the set consisting of those scripts will be returned.
*
* @return a uhash, with each key being of type (ScriptSet *).
* This is a set, not a map, so the value stored in the uhash is not relevant.
* (It is, in fact, 1).
* Ownership of the uhash and its contents remains with the IndetifierInfo object,
* and remains valid until a new identifer is set or until the object is deleted.
* @internal
*/
const UHashtable *getAlternates() const;
/**
* Get the representative characters (zeros) for the numerics found in the identifier.
*
* @return the set of explicit scripts.
* @internal
*/
const UnicodeSet *getNumerics() const;
/**
* Find out which scripts are in common among the alternates.
*
* @return the set of scripts that are in common among the alternates.
* @internal
*/
const ScriptSet *getCommonAmongAlternates() const;
/**
* Get the number of scripts appearing in the identifier.
* Note: Common and Inherited scripts are omitted from the count.
* Note: Result may be high when the identifier contains characters
* with alternate scripts. The distinction between
* 0, 1 and > 1 will remain valid, however.
* @return the number of scripts.
*/
int32_t getScriptCount() const;
#if !UCONFIG_NO_NORMALIZATION
/**
* Find the "tightest" restriction level that the identifier satisfies.
*
* @return the restriction level.
* @internal
*/
URestrictionLevel getRestrictionLevel(UErrorCode &status) const;
#endif /*!UCONFIG_NO_NORMALIZATION */
UnicodeString toString() const;
/**
* Produce a readable string of alternates.
*
* @param alternates a UHashtable of UScriptSets.
* Keys only, no meaningful values in the UHash.
* @return display form
* @internal
*/
static UnicodeString &displayAlternates(UnicodeString &dest, const UHashtable *alternates, UErrorCode &status);
private:
IdentifierInfo & clear();
UBool containsWithAlternates(const ScriptSet &container, const ScriptSet &containee) const;
UnicodeString *fIdentifier;
ScriptSet *fRequiredScripts;
UHashtable *fScriptSetSet;
ScriptSet *fCommonAmongAlternates;
UnicodeSet *fNumerics;
UnicodeSet *fIdentifierProfile;
};
U_NAMESPACE_END
#endif // __IDENTIFIER_INFO_H__ | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Denver eyelid surgeon
As a Denver eyelid surgeon, there are many procedures that are performed by an eyelid specialist. There are two broad categories of surgery that eyelid surgeons perform: functional and aesthetic surgery.
What is functional surgery?
Functional eyelid surgery is in short eyelid surgery that fixes a medical problem. The purpose of the surgery has nothing to do with cosmetic improvement or appearance of the eyelid. Instead, it focuses on the health of the eyelid and eye.
Functional surgery of the eyelid is really broken down into two areas:
Cancer treatment
Eyelid malposition
Cancer treatment treats the main cancers of the eyelid: Basal Cell Cancer, Squamous cell cancer and Melanoma. Eyelid malposition involves treating eyelids that are turning in against the eyeball, turning out (ectropion), lashes turned against the eyes, drooping eyelids, eyelids too high and much more. Though the eyelid can improve cosmetically the main goal is improving the vision and health of the eye.
Cosmetic Surgery of the eyelid
Cosmetic surgery of the eyelid involves improving the appearance of the eyelid by removing loose skin and fat, tightening skin, and filing hollow areas.Cosmetic surgery of the eyelid is just as complex as functional eyelid surgery. Surgeries that are performed for cosmetic improvement of the eyelid are commonly upper blepharoplasty and lower eyelid blepharoplasty.
Functional and Cosmetic Crossover
Certain procedures such as ptosis repair and blepharoplasty are two surgeries where the eyelid surgery may be covered by insurance but also as a side effect improve the appearance of the eyelids and face. Ptosis repair involves raising the height of the eyelid whereas blepharoplasty involves removing excess skin that blocks the vision of the eye.
When to contact your eyelid surgeon?
An oculoplastic surgeon or eyelid surgeon is the one doctor you should contact if you notice a problem with your eyelid. It can be any of the problems described. Some patients come to see me for something as simple as a stye whereas others come for more complex issues such as eyelid drooping or cancer. The key thing is to contact the office and make an appointment.
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MyBatis自动生成实体类、DAO接口和Mapping映射文件的代码（逆向工程）
• 时间:
• 来源:互联网
MyBatis属于一种半自动的ORM框架，它需要程序员自己编写sql语句和映射文件，但是编写映射文件和sql语句很容易出错，所以mybatis官方提供了Generator生成器，自动生成DAO接口。实体类和Mapping。这个生成器是根据单表自动生成mybatis执行所需要的代码，因此，首先得先创建数据库表，然后再自动生成代码。
1.创建user数据表
create table `user`(
id int(11) not null AUTO_INCREMENT,
userName varchar(40) not null,
password varchar(255) not null,
age int(4) not null,
primary key(`id`)
)DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2.通过代码生成器自动生成代码
代码生成器的下载地址为：http://download.csdn.net/download/u013216156/10134751）
解压代码生成器，打开它的lib目录，如下所示：
lib目录下包含了代码生成器生成代码所需要的mybatis和mysql的jar包，而我们所要做的就是修改generatorConfig.xml文件，如下所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">;
<generatorConfiguration>
<!-- 数据库驱动-->
<classPathEntry location="mysql-connector-java-5.1.25-bin.jar"/>
<context id="DB2Tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
<commentGenerator>
<property name="suppressDate" value="true"/>
<property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>
</commentGenerator>
<!--数据库链接URL，用户名、密码 -->
<jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm" userId="root" password="hello">
</jdbcConnection>
<javaTypeResolver>
<property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>
</javaTypeResolver>
<!-- 生成模型的包名和位置-->
<javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.spenglu.pojo" targetProject="src">
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
<property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>
</javaModelGenerator>
<!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置-->
<sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.spenglu.mapping" targetProject="src">
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
</sqlMapGenerator>
<!-- 生成DAO的包名和位置-->
<javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.spenglu.IDao" targetProject="src">
<property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
</javaClientGenerator>
<!-- 要生成的表 tableName是数据库中的表名或视图名 domainObjectName是实体类名-->
<table tableName="user" domainObjectName="User" enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false" enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false"></table>
</context>
</generatorConfiguration>
只需要把上面文件注释下面的内容修改为自己工程相关的内容就可以了.
文件修改完以后，需要通过控制台来执行脚本生成代码。
• 打开控制台，进入lib目录下，如下图所示：
先通过”E:”指令进入E盘，然后通过”cd +lib文件路径”进入lib目录下
• 执行脚本java -jar mybatis-generator-core-1.3.2.jar -configfile generatorConfig.xml -overwrite
自动生成代码如下图所示：
执行成功以后会在你自己定义的文件目录下生成相关的代码，如下图所示：
package com.spenglu.IDao;
import com.spenglu.pojo.User;
public interface UserMapper {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer id);
int insert(User record);
int insertSelective(User record);
User selectByPrimaryKey(Integer id);
int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(User record);
int updateByPrimaryKey(User record);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"; >
<mapper namespace="com.spenglu.IDao.UserMapper" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.spenglu.pojo.User" >
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
<result column="userName" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result column="age" property="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List" >
id, userName, password, age
</sql>
<select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
select
<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
from user
where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</select>
<delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
delete from user
where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</delete>
<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.spenglu.pojo.User" >
insert into user (id, userName, password,
age)
values (#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{age,jdbcType=INTEGER})
</insert>
<insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.spenglu.pojo.User" >
insert into user
<trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
<if test="id != null" >
id,
</if>
<if test="username != null" >
userName,
</if>
<if test="password != null" >
password,
</if>
<if test="age != null" >
age,
</if>
</trim>
<trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
<if test="id != null" >
#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER},
</if>
<if test="username != null" >
#{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
</if>
<if test="password != null" >
#{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
</if>
<if test="age != null" >
#{age,jdbcType=INTEGER},
</if>
</trim>
</insert>
<update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective" parameterType="com.spenglu.pojo.User" >
update user
<set >
<if test="username != null" >
userName = #{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
</if>
<if test="password != null" >
password = #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
</if>
<if test="age != null" >
age = #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER},
</if>
</set>
where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</update>
<update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.spenglu.pojo.User" >
update user
set userName = #{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
password = #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
age = #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER}
where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</update>
</mapper>
package com.spenglu.pojo;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username == null ? null : username.trim();
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password == null ? null : password.trim();
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
本文链接http://element-ui.cn/news/show-576910.html | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Pierre Parisot/sandbox
Geneviève Durony (1895-1963) is a French pianist who gave a premier of Maurice Ravel's Ma Mere l'Oye with Jeanne Leleu. | WIKI |
The People Could Fly: The Picture Book
The People Could Fly: The Picture Book is a 2004 picture book by Virginia Hamilton and illustrated by Leo and Diane Dillon. It is a reissue, by the Dillons, of Hamilton's title story of her 1985 book The People Could Fly: American Black Folktales and is about a group of African-American slaves who call upon old magic to escape their oppression by flying away.
Reception
Booklist, reviewing The People Could Fly, noted "Leo and Diane Dillons' illustrations for the collection were in black and white, but the art here is beautiful full color, in the style of the cover of the collection. The large paintings are magic realism at its finest.." and concluded "This special picture-book story will be told and retold everywhere." The School Library Journal, in a starred review, wrote "The Dillons add much to savor in this elegant picture-book rendering. .. The book is a lovely tribute to Hamilton."
The People Could Fly has also been reviewed by Publishers Weekly, and Kirkus Reviews.
It was awarded a 2005 Coretta Scott King Award illustrator honor, and was a 2005 CCBC Choices book. | WIKI |
-- Rome Mayor Says Device Discovered on Subway Couldn't Explode
A suspicious device discovered on a
Rome subway train today wasn’t capable of exploding, Mayor
Gianni Alemanno said. A package was found under a seat in an empty car on a
service track at the Rebibbia station on Rome’s B subway line at
about 10 a.m. local time, the city’s ATAC metro service said in
an e-mailed statement. “After further checks it was determined that the device
wasn’t capable of exploding because of its rudimentary nature,”
Alemanno said in an e-mailed statement. “I can guarantee after
checks at all metro stations that there are no further risks.” The station was cordoned off as police officers
investigated the device, news agency Ansa said. Alemanno
previously said that the discovery was “worrying.” Subway service hasn’t been halted in Italy’s capital and
trains are running regularly, an ATAC spokesman said. Rome was the site of violent protests by students Dec. 14
as Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi won a confidence
vote. The students opposed the government’s plan to overhaul the
country’s university system. Last week a suspected terrorist bomber killed himself and
injured two other people in separate explosions near a central
shopping street in Stockholm. To contact the reporter responsible for this story:
Marco Bertacche in Milan at
mbertacche@bloomberg.net .
Tommaso Ebhardt at
tebhardt@bloomberg.net To contact the editors responsible for this story:
Angela Cullen at acullen8@bloomberg.net
Kenneth Wong at kwong11@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
-- Twitter Seen Valued at $10 Billion Based on GSV Holding
Twitter Inc. was valued at almost $10
billion by one of its investors, up about 10 percent from a
previous estimate, indicating shares are appreciating ahead of a
possible initial public offering for the microblogging service. GSV Capital Corp. (GSVC) owns 1.9 million shares of Twitter valued
at $35.2 million, or about $18.50 a share, the firm said in a
May 8 filing. Based on a fully diluted share count of almost 530
million, that makes the company worth about $9.8 billion. Twitter is becoming more valuable as the San Francisco-based social website boosts revenue from advertising and moves
closer to a predicted IPO. In January, Twitter was valued at
about $9 billion when a fund managed by BlackRock Inc. (BLK) bought
stock from employees, up from the $8 billion valuation in a 2011
investment round led by DST Global, people with knowledge of the
matter have said. Michael Moe, GSV’s chief executive officer, declined to
comment. Gabriel Stricker , a spokesman for Twitter, didn’t
respond to a request for comment. GSV, based in Woodside, California , is a publicly traded
investment fund that primarily buys shares of closely held
technology companies on the secondary markets. The firm first
sold shares to the public in April 2011. The fund reported total assets of $245.4 million at the end
of March, and Twitter is the biggest holding, accounting for 14
percent of assets, GSV said in the filing. That includes $34
million of common stock and $1.2 million of preferred shares.
The next-biggest holdings are Palantir Technologies Inc.,
Dropbox Inc. and Chegg Inc. Twitter, founded in 2006, is offering new forms of
advertisements and expanding to international markets in its bid
to reach $1 billion in revenue in 2014. While Chief Executive Officer Dick Costolo has said that
management isn’t concentrating on an IPO, Twitter is widely
predicted to hold a share sale before long to help it bankroll
expansion, and give early investors a way to realize financial
gains on their holdings. To contact the reporters on this story:
Ari Levy in San Francisco at
alevy5@bloomberg.net ;
Douglas MacMillan in San Francisco at
dmacmillan3@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Tom Giles at
tgiles5@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Talk:Ant spider
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 3 one external links on Ant spider. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060909205619/http://www.usq.edu.au:80/spider/find/spiders/523.htm to http://www.usq.edu.au/spider/find/spiders/523.htm
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060115134122/http://www.usq.edu.au:80/spider/find/spiders/539.htm to http://www.usq.edu.au/spider/find/spiders/539.htm
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060115151609/http://www.usq.edu.au:80/spider/find/spiders/511.htm to http://www.usq.edu.au/spider/find/spiders/511.htm
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 05:05, 15 October 2016 (UTC)
WP:OR
Hi there, I just removed a bunch of OR. If you don’t agree, I’m happy to discuss. Regards, Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 16:05, 9 August 2019 (UTC) | WIKI |
Daily
How long it takes to get rid of poison ivy?
Poison ivy treatments are usually limited to self-care methods. And the rash typically goes away on its own in two to three weeks. If the rash is widespread or results in a large number of blisters, your doctor may prescribe an oral corticosteroid, such as prednisone.
How long does it take for a poison ivy rash to go away? Poison ivy treatments are usually limited to self-care methods. And the rash typically goes away on its own in two to three weeks. If the rash is widespread or results in a large number of blisters, your doctor may prescribe an oral corticosteroid, such as prednisone.
What’s the best way to get rid of Poison Ivy? Neem oil is another option that you can consider for getting rid of a poison ivy rash at the earliest. Its anti-inflammatory properties help in relieving the itching, inflammation, and redness (24). Neem oil also possesses antiseptic properties that protect the rash from infection.
What to ask your doctor about Poison Ivy? Before your appointment, you may want to list all the medications, supplements and vitamins you take. Also, list questions you’d like to ask your doctor about your poison ivy rash. Examples include: How long will this rash last? Is it contagious? Is it OK to scratch? Will scratching spread the rash? Will popping the blisters spread the rash?
Can a rash from Poison Ivy get infected? A poison ivy rash will eventually go away on its own. But the itching can be hard to deal with and make it difficult to sleep. If you scratch your blisters, they may become infected.
What is the best natural remedy for Poison Ivy?
What is the best natural remedy for Poison Ivy? Found in most kitchens, common baking soda is a great natural remedy for the itchiness associated with a poison ivy rash. To help relieve itching, place 1/2 a cup of baking soda in a bath tub filled with warm water. You can also mix 3 teaspoons of baking soda with one teaspoon of water and mix until it forms a paste.
How long does prednisone take to cure poison ivy? It is again followed by a dosage of 20 mg of prednisone per day in the last 5 days. Usually, the poison ivy skin rashes disappear after 6-7 days of taking prednisone. Still, it is advisable to complete the recommended period of prednisone dosage to get the best of recovery results.
What heals Poison Ivy fast? Calamine lotion is good to speed healing of poison ivy. Vitamin E oil or cream is effective to prevent scars and to help healing. Vitamin A with mixed caroteriods, helps to repair skin tissue and boosts the immune system.
How long does it take for Poison Ivy to heal? Poison ivy can heal on its own, in a period of one to two weeks. However, if you are allergic to poison ivy and it starts to spread to other body parts, you might need to see a doctor for antibiotics. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Template:Did you know nominations/Hadronyche infensa
Hadronyche infensa
* ... that the venom of the Darling Downs funnel-web spider becomes more toxic in the early summer when male spiders are roaming looking for a mate?
* Reviewed: Template:Did you know nominations/Masonic Temple Building (Oak Park, Illinois)
Created by Casliber (talk). Self nominated at 03:42, 3 September 2013 (UTC).
* Symbol voting keep.svg Offline citation taken in good faith. Article meets criteria for creation date, size and referencing. Also as a sufferer of arachnophobia - I was pleased to see that it didn't have an image. ;) Good to go. Miyagawa (talk) 21:27, 4 September 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
940.565.8118
back-pain
Knee Pain
The knee joint is the largest joint in the human body. This means there is a lot of room for things to go wrong. Knee pain most often strikes during sports or recreational activities and during work- or home-related projects or tasks.
The most common cause of knee pain is injury. The knee joint may sustain acute injuries or overuse injuries. Acute injuries can be caused by a direct hit to the knee: irregular twisting and/or bending; and falling. These actions may also cause pinching and damage to nerves and blood vessels, which leads to pain.
Overuse injuries occur when a person engages in activities that repeatedly aggravate the knee and expose it to long periods of pressure. Overexertion from exercise, running, jogging, jumping or climbing stairs puts stress on the knee and its surrounding tissues and ligaments and leads to inflammation, irritation and pain.
Other causes of knee pain include osteoporosis, blood clots and arthritis. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Natural History Review (1861).djvu/82
70 or Plantæ; while, finally, a countryman of our own arrogates to his fellows so high a place in the aristocracy of nature as to deny that mankind can be thought of zoologically at all.
From the conception of man as a genus of Primates to the refusal to conceive of him as a subject of zoological investigation, is a wide range of opinion—so wide, indeed, as to include all possible views; for in the present state of science, no one is likely to propound the idea that man is only a species of some genus of ape. Ingenious and learned men have held all the doctrines which have been mentioned; great men have held some of them; and, therefore, it is more than probable that the question at issue, if we put the problem in this way, is in reality more one of opinion as to the right method of classification and the value of the groups which receive certain names, than one of fact. But, after all, it is the latter question which really interests science; and, therefore, it seems to me, that some service may be done by setting about the inquiry in a different way—by endeavouring, in fact, to answer the question—What is the value of the differences observed between man and the lower animals, as compared with the differences between the lower animals themselves? Are the differences between man and the apes, for example, as great as those between the ape and the fish? or are they rather comparable to those between the ape and the bird; or, to take a less range, to those between the ape and the Marsupial; or, to occupy a lower stand still, to those presented by the ape, and, say, the Pachyderm: or, after all, are the differences no greater than those which obtain between different genera of the Quadrumana?
These are questions which can plainly enough be settled independently of all theoretical views. Differences of structure can be weighed by the mind, as definitely as differences of gravity by the balance; nor can any dialectic skill refine them away. It will save trouble, if the attempt be made to answer the last question first—Are the structural differences between man and the Quadrumana no greater than those between the extreme genera of the Qnadrumana? If, as I shall endeavour to show, this question can be demonstrably answered in the affirmative;—if it can be proved beyond doubt, that whether we consider the skeleton, the muscles, the brain, or the other viscera, man is far less distant from Troglodytes or Pithecus, than these apes are from the Lemur, and still more from the Galeopithecus or the Cheiromys, the other queries will need no separate solution. I have hardly any new facts to bring forward, nor any need to advance such. Thanks to the researches of Duvernoy, Tiedemann, Isidore St. Hilaire, Schrœder van der Kolk, Vrolik, Gratiolet, Professor Owen, and others, all the elements of the problem have long since been determined. It is only necessary to range the admitted facts side by side, in order to show that there is no escape from the conclusion.
And, first, with respect to the differential characters presented by the brains of the chimpanzee and orang from that of man on the one hand, and those of the lowest quadrumana on the other. I begin with this question, because it was my misfortune, at the last meeting of the British | WIKI |
Talk:nhà độc tài
RFD discussion: May–July 2023
* Moved from RfV. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 09:07, 23 May 2023 (UTC)
Vietnamese. Probably a SOP noun phrase of classifier + head noun ; can be stand-alone noun meaning "dictator". --ChemPro (talk) 14:21, 9 May 2023 (UTC)
* Delete as SoP. isn’t exactly a classifier, but it’s a word that’s added in front of occupations or fields of study to mean “expert in” or “occupied in”. I added more below. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà ảo thuật
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà chính trị
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà đầu tư
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà khoa học
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà khảo cổ
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà kinh tế học
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà nghiên cứu
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà ngoại giao
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà phê bình
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
nhà soạn nhạc
Delete as SoP. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 03:57, 13 May 2023 (UTC)
* No opposition, delete all. MuDavid 栘𩿠 (talk) 02:08, 4 July 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
Shimane Prefecture
Shimane Prefecture (島根県) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Shimane Prefecture is the second-least populous prefecture of Japan at 665,205 (February 1, 2021) and has a geographic area of 6,708.26 km2. Shimane Prefecture borders Yamaguchi Prefecture to the southwest, Hiroshima Prefecture to the south, and Tottori Prefecture to the east.
Matsue is the capital and largest city of Shimane Prefecture, with other major cities including Izumo, Hamada, and Masuda. Shimane Prefecture contains the majority of the Lake Shinji-Nakaumi metropolitan area centered on Matsue, and with a population of approximately 600,000 is Japan's third-largest metropolitan area on the Sea of Japan coast after Niigata and Greater Kanazawa. Shimane Prefecture is bounded by the Sea of Japan coastline on the north, where two-thirds of the population live, and the Chūgoku Mountains on the south. Shimane Prefecture governs the Oki Islands in the Sea of Japan which juridically includes the disputed Liancourt Rocks (竹島, Takeshima). Shimane Prefecture is home to Izumo-taisha, one of the oldest Shinto shrines in Japan, and the Tokugawa-era Matsue Castle.
Early history
The history of Shimane starts with Japanese mythology. The Shinto god Ōkuninushi was believed to live in Izumo, an old province in Shimane. Izumo Shrine, which is in the city of Izumo, honors the god. At that time, the current Shimane prefecture was divided into three parts: Iwami, Izumo, and Oki. That lasted until the abolition of the han system took place in 1871. During the Nara period, Kakinomoto no Hitomaro wrote a poem on Shimane's nature when he was sent as the Royal governor.
Later on in the Kamakura period (1185–1333), the Kamakura shogunate forced emperors Go-Toba and Godaigo into exile in Oki. Emperor Go-Daigo later escaped from Oki and began rallying supporters against the shogunate, which proved successful.
Middle Ages
During the Muromachi period (1336–1573), Izumo and Oki were controlled by the Kyōgoku clan. However, after the Ōnin War, the Amago clan expanded power based in Gassantoda Castle and the Masuda clan dominated Iwami Province. The Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine was located between Amago territory and Masuda territory, and there were many battles between the clans for the silver. In 1566 Mōri Motonari conquered Izumo, Iwami, and Oki. In 1600, after over 30 years of Mori control, Horio Yoshiharu entered Izumo and Oki as the result of Battle of Sekigahara, which Mori lost. Following the change, Horio Yoshiharu decided to move to build Matsue Castle instead of Gassan-Toda, and soon after Yoshiharu's death the castle was completed. In 1638, the grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu Matsudaira Naomasa became the ruler because the Horio clan had no heir, and his family ruled until the abolition of the han system.
The Iwami area was split into three regions: the mining district, under the direct control of the Shogunate, the Hamada clan region, and the Tsuwano clan region. The Iwami Ginzan, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, produced silver and was one of the nation's largest silver mines by the early 17th century. The Hamada clan was on the shogunate's side in the Meiji Restoration, and the castle was burned down. The Tsuwano clan, despite then being ruled by the Matsudaira, was on the emperor's side in the restoration.
Modern Age
In 1871, the abolition of the han system placed the old Shimane and Hamada Provinces in the current area of Shimane Prefecture. Later that year, Oki became part of Tottori. In 1876, Hamada Prefecture was merged into Shimane Prefecture. Also, Tottori Prefecture was added in the same year. However, five years later, in 1881, the current portion of Tottori Prefecture was separated and the current border was formed.
Geography
Shimane Prefecture is situated on the Sea of Japan side of the Chūgoku region. Because of its mountainous landscape, rice farming is done mostly in the Izumo plain where the city of Izumo is located. Another major landform is the Shimane peninsula. The peninsula is located across the Sea of Japan from Izumo to Sakaiminato, which is located in Tottori prefecture. Also, the peninsula created two brackish lakes, Lake Shinji and Nakaumi. The island of Daikon is located in Nakaumi. Off the main island of Honshū, the island of Oki belongs to Shimane prefecture as well. The island itself is in the Daisen-Oki National Park. Shimane also claims the use of Liancourt Rocks, over which they are in dispute with South Korea.
As of 1 April 2012, 6% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks, namely Daisen-Oki National Park; Hiba-Dōgo-Taishaku and Nishi-Chūgoku Sanchi Quasi-National Parks; and eleven Prefectural Natural Parks.
Most major cities are located either on the seaside, or along a river.
Cities
Eight cities are located in Shimane Prefecture, the largest in population being Matsue, the capital, and the smallest being Gōtsu. The cities Masuda, Unnan, Yasugi, and Gōtsu had a slight population increase due to the mergers in the early 2000s.
Towns and villages
These are the towns and villages of each district. The number of towns and villages greatly decreased during the mergers. However, they hold about one-third of the prefecture's population.
Climate
Shimane prefecture has a sub-tropical climate. Winter is cloudy with a little snow, and summer is humid. The average annual temperature is 14.6 C. It rains almost every day in the rainy season, from June to mid-July. The highest average monthly temperature occurs in August with 26.3 C. The average annual precipitation is 1799 mm, higher than Tokyo's 1467 mm and Obihiro with 920. mm.
Airports
Three airports serve Shimane. The Izumo Airport located in Izumo is the largest airport in the prefecture in terms of passengers and has regular flights to Haneda Airport, Osaka Airport, Fukuoka Airport, and Oki Airport. The Iwami Airport has two flights each day to Haneda and Osaka and 2 arrivals. Oki Airport has scheduled flights to Osaka and Izumo Airports.
* Izumo Airport
* Iwami Airport
* Oki Airport
Rail
JR West and Ichibata Electric Railway serves the prefecture in terms of rail transportation. The Sanin Main Line goes through the prefecture on the Sea of Japan side into major cities such as Matsue and Izumo. Izumoshi and Matsue stations are the major stops in the prefecture. The Kisuki line, which forks from Shinji Station on the Sanin Line, connects with the Geibi Line in Hiroshima Prefecture, cutting into the Chūgoku Mountains. Ichibata Electric Railway serve the Shimane peninsula from Dentetsu-Izumoshi Station and Izumo Taisha-mae Station to Matsue Shinjiko-Onsen Station.
JR West has three Limited Express trains to Shimane, which are Super Matsukaze, Super Oki, and Yakumo. Additionally, the overnight limited express Sunrise Izumo operates daily between Tokyo and Izumoshi.
* West Japan Railway Company
* Sanin Main Line
* Sankō Line
* Kisuki Line
* Yamaguchi Line
* Ichibata Electric Railway
* Kita-Matsue Line
* Taisha Line
General Roads
* Japan National Route 9
* Izumo Bypass
* Gōtsu Road
* Japan National Route 54
* Japan National Route 180
* Japan National Route 184
* Japan National Route 186
* Japan National Route 187
* Japan National Route 191
* Japan National Route 261
* Japan National Route 314
* Japan National Route 375
* Japan National Route 431
* Japan National Route 432
* Japan National Route 485
* Japan National Route 488
Highways
The four expressways in the prefecture connect major cities with other prefectures. The Matsue expressway connects Matsue with Unnan and Yonago in Tottori prefecture. Hamada Expressway forks from the Chūgoku Expressway at Kita-Hiroshima and stretches to Hamada.
* Sanin Expressway
* Matsue Expressway
* Hamada Expressway
* Chūgoku Expressway
Ferry/High Speed Boats
* Oki Kisen
Economy
In Shimane, the largest employer is the retail industry, employing over 60,000 workers. The supermarket, Mishimaya, and the hardware store, Juntendo, are examples of companies based in Shimane. The manufacturing industry has the second highest number of employees with 49,000 workers.
Manufacturing
* Izumo Murata Manufacturing
* Shimane Fujitsu
* Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery
Financial
* The Shimane Bank
* The San-in Godo Bank
Others
* Network Applied Communication Laboratory
* Mishimaya
* Juntendo
* Ichibata Electric Railway
Major factories
* Hitachi Metals
Demographics
One-third of the prefecture's population is concentrated in the Izumo-Matsue area. Otherwise, over two-thirds of the population is on the coastline. A reason for the population distribution is that the Chūgoku Mountains make the land inland harder to inhabit. The capital, Matsue, has the smallest population of all 47 prefectural capitals. Shimane has also the largest percentage of elderly people. The province had an estimated 743 centenarians per million inhabitants in September 2010, the highest ratio in Japan, overtaking Okinawa Prefecture (667 centenarians per million).
Population by age
Total Population in age groups 2007 Estimated Population Unit: Thousands Population in age groups by gender 2007 Estimated population Unit: Thousands
* Source: Graph 10/Prefectures Age（In Age groups）, Gender divided population－Total Population (Ministry of Internal Affairs Statistics Bureau)
Cultural Assets
* World Cultural Heritage
* The Historic Remains of Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine and its Cultural Background (Ōda City)
* National Treasures
* Izumo-taisha Main Shrine (Izumo City)
* Kamosu Shrine Main Shrine (Matsue City)
* Toiletry case with autumn field and deer design (Izumo-taisha)
* Armour Laced with white thread (Hinomisaki Shrine)
* Bronze bells from the Kamo-Iwakura site Unearthed bronze bell-shaped vessel (Unnan City)
* Kojindani Ruins Unearthed ruins (Izumo City)
* Important Traditional Building Preservation Area
* Ōmori (Ōda City)
* Yunotsu (Ōda City)
Languages (Dialects)
* Unpaku dialect (Izumo dialect, Oki dialect, etc.)
* Iwami dialect
Universities in Shimane Prefecture
* Shimane University, Matsue and Izumo (National university)
* The University of Shimane, Hamada (Prefectural university)
Tourism
* Shimane Vogel Park
* Matsue Castle
* Adachi Museum of Art
* Aquas Aquarium
* Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine
* Izumo-taisha
* Izumo Province
* Shimane Art Museum
* Iwami Art Museum
* Shimane Winery
* Mt. Sanbe
* Tamatsukuri Onsen
Prefectural symbols
The prefectural flower is the mountain peony. On the island of Daikonjima, they have been grown from at least the 18th century. | WIKI |
-- IAG Bids for Discount Carrier Vueling to End Spain Losses
British Airways parent IAG SA (IAG) offered
to buy outstanding shares of Spanish discount carrier Vueling
Airlines SA (VLG) for 113 million euros ($144 million) as Europe ’s
third-biggest carrier seeks to bolster its ailing Iberia unit. The approach values Barcelona-based Vueling at 7 euros a
share, according to a statement from IAG, which already owns
45.85 percent of the smaller carrier’s stock. That’s 1.53 euros
or 28 percent above the closing price yesterday. IAG Chief Executive Officer Willie Walsh has already moved
some Spanish flights to a new unit, Iberia Express, in an effort
to bring down the break-even point with less-generous contracts.
Unions said today that a takeover of Vueling could be linked to
a plan to cut 6,000 Spanish jobs that may be announced tomorrow. “With its leading position in Barcelona, European growth
strategy and low cost base, Vueling has much to offer,” Walsh
said today. “It has significantly increased capacity while
remaining profitable, despite the Spanish economic slowdown.” Integrating Vueling will give IAG a low-cost platform and
should boost earnings from year one, according to the statement.
The offer should be completed next spring, and Walsh said the
unit would be run as a separate operating company, retaining the
current management team led by CEO Alex Cruz. ‘Unattractive’ Shares of Vueling rose 1.38 euros, or 25 percent, to 6.85
euros at the close of trading in Madrid . IAG, as International
Consolidated Airlines Group SA is known, dropped 0.9 percent to
168 pence in London , where the company is based. The bid will probably be sufficient to persuade Vueling
investors to sell, according to Francisco Salvador, a Madrid-
based strategist at FGA/MG Valores. “There may be people who are disappointed with the
price,” he said. “It’s reasonable if you take into account
current conditions and that IAG already owns more than 45
percent of the stock. However, if you look at Vueling’s
potential and expect the market to recover, then it’s relatively
unattractive.” Combining Vueling -- Spain’s second-biggest carrier after
Iberia -- with the Express business would risk inflating costs
at a company that has thrived under Cruz, said analyst John Strickland at JLS Consulting in London. ‘Slippery Slope’ “Their independence has been the reason for their
success,” he said. “I can see the logic for IAG, but if
Vueling is going to retain its strengths they have to avoid the
slippery slope of gravitating upwards in cost and losing their
fleet-of-foot.” Vueling had gained 41 percent this year even before the IAG
offer, with the shares surging following a jump in traffic after
the collapse of Barcelona-based rival Spanair SA. IAG, which has advanced 15 percent this year, valuing the
company at 3.13 billion pounds ($5 billion), will hold an
investor briefing on its strategy at London’s Heathrow airport
tomorrow, spokeswoman Lorena Monsalves said today. Spanish unions are anticipating “widespread job losses”
at Iberia, an official at the Sepla pilots union said yesterday
by telephone before the IAG statement. Three main labor groups
have signed an agreement to resist cuts to the payroll unless
linked to a plan to restore traffic lost to Iberia Express,
Vueling and Iberia affiliate Air Nostrum, the official said. Pay, Disposals As many as 5,200 ground workers, 850 cabin crew and 350
pilots may be fired, the UGT general workers union estimates.
The labor group is also bracing for a 5 percent pay cut and the
sale of engineering, ground-handling and maintenance activities. An Iberia official declined to comment on job cuts today,
adding that the situation should become clear tomorrow. Traffic dropped 3.7 percent at Iberia last month versus a
year earlier as Spain ’s sovereign-debt crisis continued to sap
demand for travel. The figure at British Airways, with which the
Spanish arm merged in 2011, jumped 6.2 percent, IAG said Nov. 6. “The BA side of the equation is working very well, but
Iberia has problems, not only macro-economic, but the perennial
problem at legacy carriers of short-haul losses and low-cost
competition,” Strickland said. Walsh could announce route cuts,
as well as “significant” job losses, he added. Vueling posted a nine-month pretax profit of 59 million
euros and has assets of 805 million euros. IAG reports earnings
for the period tomorrow after slumping to a 253 million-euro
operating loss in the first half, with a 13 million-euro profit
at BA and a 263 million-euros loss at Iberia, including items. Tough Task IAG may struggle to achieve a target of ending losses at
Iberia by the end of 2013 or early 2014, Oddo & Cie analyst Yan Derocles said. Shortfalls at the Spanish unit mean the group may
record a “small operating loss” for the full year, IAG said in
August after earlier forecasting that it would break even. “It’s a transition between the new and old Iberia,”
Derocles said before the Vueling announcement. “They need a
combination of job cuts and productivity gains. The track record
of BA and IAG management is quite good in terms of cost-cuts.” Air France-KLM Group (AF) and Deutsche Lufthansa AG (LHA) , Europe’s
two biggest carriers, last week posted earnings that beat
estimates after reaping the benefits of moves to eliminate
thousands of jobs. Air France said Oct. 31 it plans to cut 1,300
posts at its Dutch unit in addition to 5,000 already going from
the payroll at the larger French business. Lufthansa is scraping
3,500 administrative positions and as many as 1,000 in catering. SAS Group, the parent of Scandinavia Airlines, said today
it will delay a third-quarter earnings report until Nov. 12 as
it seeks to complete the renegotiation of credit facilities.
Shares of the carrier, which said cost cuts and asset disposals
are part of those talks, fell as much as 2.4 percent. To contact the reporters on this story:
Chris Jasper in London at
cjasper@bloomberg.net ;
Manuel Baigorri in Madrid at
mbaigorri@bloomberg.net To contact the editors responsible for this story:
Chad Thomas at cthomas16@bloomberg.net ;
Kenneth Wong at kwong11@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Polaritonic platforms for complex light applications.
Dominici L., Gianfrate A., Ballarini D., De Giorgi M., Sanvitto D.
Relazione su invito
VI - Fisica applicata, acceleratori e beni culturali
Aula 29C-2 - Giovedì 20 h 16:30 - 19:00
» Download abstract
Microcavity polaritons are hybrid electromagnetic modes of strongly coupled photons and excitons. They are a powerful platform to explore quantum macroscopic phenomena and realise ultra efficient nonlinear optical devices. Their extended coherence together with strong interactions can lead to room temperature Bose-Einstein condensation, superfluid flow and topological phases as well as to realise inversion-less lasers and all-optical transistors. Here, we show novel forms of complex light using quantum vortex transmutations, Rabi oscillations and coherent control. Such beams will provide unique tools in the fields of data multiplexing, telemetry and lidar sensing, optical gyroscopes and even medical diagnostics and treatment.
Società Italiana di Fisica - Via Saragozza 12 40123 Bologna P.IVA 00308310374 | credits | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Rowneybury House
Removed Categories
I've removed the categories Category:Fictional palaces and Category:Palaces in England. Despite its nickname, it's not a palace, and it's not fictional. Rojomoke 23:39, 12 August 2007 (UTC)
leading footballer
Is calling him a leading footballer too general, incorrect, or lacking context? He isn't on the following list: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_top_goalscorers. Should the word "leading" be deleted? Lawrenceallie (talk) 01:45, 11 January 2008 (UTC)
Sourcing
We cannot use tabloid sourcing on a BLP, which this is. The only decent source I have so far found is this one, which does not even refer to the subject of the article. If better sources cannot be found, this should be redirected to David Beckham. --John (talk) 16:59, 5 February 2017 (UTC)
* And this, but it's a local newspaper. --John (talk) 17:01, 5 February 2017 (UTC) | WIKI |
Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 46.djvu/204
192 the purpose of explaining the shining through of moon and stars. Stars are, as we know, commonly thought of by the child as holes in the sky letting through the light beyond. One Boston child ingeniously applied the idea of the thinness of the sky to explain the appearance of the moon when one half is bright and the other faintly illumined, supposing it to be halfway through the partially diaphanous floor. Others, again, prettily accounted for the waning of the moon to a crescent by saying it was half stuck or half buttoned into the sky.
As with the savage, so with the child, the heavenly bodies seem to be personified spontaneously, and quite independently of theological instruction. A little boy, two years and two months old, sitting on the floor one day in a great temper, looked up and saw the sun shining, and said angrily, "Sun not look at Hennie," and then, when he found this unavailing, "Please, sun, not look at poor Hennie." Many children seem quite spontaneously to apperceive stars as eyes, and the moon of course as a human face.
The movements of the sun and other heavenly bodies are similarly apperceived by the help of ideas of movements of familiar terrestrial objects. Thus the sun was thought by the Boston children half mythologically, half mechanically, to roll, to fly, to be blown (like a soap bubble or balloon), and so forth. The anthropocentric form of teleological explanation is apt to creep in, as when a Boston child said charmingly that the moon comes round when people forget to light some lamps. Theological ideas, too, are pressed into this sphere of explanation, as when the disappearance of the sun is variously attributed to God's pulling it up higher out of sight, to his taking it into heaven and putting it to bed, and so forth. These ideas are pretty obviously not those of a country child with a horizon. There is rather more of Nature-observation in the idea of another child that the sun after setting lies under the trees, where angels mind it. But I confess that many of these answers of the Boston children look to me more like attempts of vacuous minds to invent something smart on the spur of the moment than spontaneous growths pre-existing before the questioner appears on the scene.
The impressive phenomena of thunder and lightning give rise in the case of the child, as in that of the Nature-man, to some fine myth-making. The American children, as already observed, have different mechanical illustrations for setting forth the modus of the supernatural action here, thunder being thought of now as God groaning, now as his walking loud on the floor of heaven (cf. the old Norse idea that thunder is caused by the rolling of Thor's chariot), now as his hammering, now as | WIKI |
1952 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand
The 1952 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand was a series of 10 rugby union matches played by "Wallabies" in 1952.
The test series was won tied with a victory for Australia and one for New Zealand
Matches
Scores and results list Australia's points tally first. | WIKI |
Generation
A generation is all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively. It also is "the average period, generally considered to be about 20–30 years, during which children are born and grow up, become adults, and begin to have children." In kinship, generation is a structural term, designating the parent–child relationship. In biology, generation also means biogenesis, reproduction, and procreation.
Generation is also a synonym for birth/age cohort in demographics, marketing, and social science, where it means "people within a delineated population who experience the same significant events within a given period of time." The term generation in this sense, also known as social generations, is widely used in popular culture and is a basis of sociological analysis. Serious analysis of generations began in the nineteenth century, emerging from an increasing awareness of the possibility of permanent social change and the idea of youthful rebellion against the established social order. Some analysts believe that a generation is one of the fundamental social categories in a society; others consider generation less important than class, gender, race, and education.
Etymology
The word generate comes from the Latin generāre, meaning "to beget". The word generation as a group or cohort in social science signifies the entire body of individuals born and living at about the same time, most of whom are approximately the same age and have similar ideas, problems, and attitudes (e.g., Beat Generation and Lost Generation).
Familial generation
A familial generation is a group of living beings constituting a single step in the line of descent from an ancestor. In developed nations the average familial generation length is in the high 20s and has even reached 30 years in some nations. Factors such as greater industrialisation and demand for cheap labour, urbanisation, delayed first pregnancy and a greater uncertainty in both employment income and relationship stability have all contributed to the increase of the generation length from the late 18th century to the present. These changes can be attributed to social factors, such as GDP and state policy, globalization, automation, and related individual-level variables, particularly a woman's educational attainment. Conversely, in less-developed nations, generation length has changed little and remains in the low 20s.
An intergenerational rift in the nuclear family, between the parents and two or more of their children, is one of several possible dynamics of a dysfunctional family. Coalitions in families are subsystems within families with more rigid boundaries and are thought to be a sign of family dysfunction.
Social generation
Social generations are cohorts of people born in the same date range and who share similar cultural experiences. The idea of a social generation has a long history and can be found in ancient literature, but did not gain currency in the sense that it is used today until the 19th century. Prior to that, the concept "generation" had generally referred to family relationships and not broader social groupings. In 1863, the French lexicographer Emile Littré had defined a generation as "all people coexisting in society at any given time."
Several trends promoted a new idea of generations, as the 19th century wore on, of a society divided into different categories of people based on age. These trends were all related to the processes of modernisation, industrialisation, or westernisation, which had been changing the face of Europe since the mid-18th century. One was a change in mentality about time and social change. The increasing prevalence of enlightenment ideas encouraged the idea that society and life were changeable, and that civilization could progress. This encouraged the equation of youth with social renewal and change. Political rhetoric in the 19th century often focused on the renewing power of youth influenced by movements such as Young Italy, Young Germany, Sturm und Drang, the German Youth Movement, and other romantic movements. By the end of the 19th century, European intellectuals were disposed toward thinking of the world in generational terms—in terms of youth rebellion and emancipation.
One important contributing factor to the change in mentality was the change in the economic structure of society. Because of the rapid social and economic change, young men particularly were less beholden to their fathers and family authority than they had been. Greater social and economic mobility allowed them to flout their authority to a much greater extent than had traditionally been possible. Additionally, the skills and wisdom of fathers were often less valuable than they had been due to technological and social change. During this time, the period between childhood and adulthood, usually spent at university or in military service, was also increased for many white-collar workers. This category of people was very influential in spreading the ideas of youthful renewal.
Another important factor was the breakdown of traditional social and regional identifications. The spread of nationalism and many of the factors that created it (a national press, linguistic homogenisation, public education, suppression of local particularities) encouraged a broader sense of belonging beyond local affiliations. People thought of themselves increasingly as part of a society, and this encouraged identification with groups beyond the local. Auguste Comte was the first philosopher to make a serious attempt to systematically study generations. In Cours de philosophie positive, Comte suggested that social change is determined by generational change and in particular conflict between successive generations. As the members of a given generation age, their "instinct of social conservation" becomes stronger, which inevitably and necessarily brings them into conflict with the "normal attribute of youth"—innovation. Other important theorists of the 19th century were John Stuart Mill and Wilhelm Dilthey.
Generational theory
The sociologist Karl Mannheim was a seminal figure in the study of generations. He elaborated a theory of generations in his 1923 essay The Problem of Generations. He suggested that there had been a division into two primary schools of study of generations until that time. Firstly, positivists such as Comte measured social change in designated life spans. Mannheim argued that this reduced history to "a chronological table". The other school, the "romantic-historical" was represented by Dilthey and Martin Heidegger. This school focused on the individual qualitative experience at the expense of social context. Mannheim emphasised that the rapidity of social change in youth was crucial to the formation of generations, and that not every generation would come to see itself as distinct. In periods of rapid social change a generation would be much more likely to develop a cohesive character. He also believed that a number of distinct sub-generations could exist. According to Gilleard and Higgs, Mannheim identified three commonalities that a generation shares:
* Shared temporal location: generational site or birth cohort
* Shared historical location: generation as actuality or exposure to a common era
* Shared sociocultural location: generational consciousness or entelechy
Authors William Strauss and Neil Howe developed the Strauss–Howe generational theory outlining what they saw as a pattern of generations repeating throughout American history. This theory became quite influential with the public and reignited an interest in the sociology of generations. This led to the creation of an industry of consulting, publishing, and marketing in the field (corporations spent approximately 70 million dollars on generational consulting in the U.S. in 2015). The theory has alternatively been criticized by social scientists and journalists who argue it is non-falsifiable, deterministic, and unsupported by rigorous evidence.
There are psychological and sociological dimensions in the sense of belonging and identity which may define a generation. The concept of a generation can be used to locate particular birth cohorts in specific historical and cultural circumstances, such as the "Baby boomers". Historian Hans Jaeger shows that, during the concept's long history, two schools of thought coalesced regarding how generations form: the "pulse-rate hypothesis" and the "imprint hypothesis." According to the pulse-rate hypothesis, a society's entire population can be divided into a series of non-overlapping cohorts, each of which develops a unique "peer personality" because of the time period in which each cohort came of age. The movement of these cohorts from one life-stage to the next creates a repeating cycle that shapes the history of that society. A prominent example of pulse-rate generational theory is Strauss and Howe's theory. Social scientists tend to reject the pulse-rate hypothesis because, as Jaeger explains, "the concrete results of the theory of the universal pulse rate of history are, of course, very modest. With a few exceptions, the same goes for the partial pulse-rate theories. Since they generally gather data without any knowledge of statistical principles, the authors are often least likely to notice to what extent the jungle of names and numbers which they present lacks any convincing organization according to generations."
Social scientists follow the "imprint hypothesis" of generations (i.e., that major historical events—such as the Vietnam War, the September 11 attacks, the COVID-19 pandemic, etc.—leave an "imprint" on the generation experiencing them at a young age), which can be traced to Karl Mannheim's theory. According to the imprint hypothesis, generations are only produced by specific historical events that cause young people to perceive the world differently than their elders. Thus, not everyone may be part of a generation; only those who share a unique social and biographical experience of an important historical moment will become part of a "generation as an actuality." When following the imprint hypothesis, social scientists face a number of challenges. They cannot accept the labels and chronological boundaries of generations that come from the pulse-rate hypothesis (like Generation X or Millennial); instead, the chronological boundaries of generations must be determined inductively and who is part of the generation must be determined through historical, quantitative, and qualitative analysis.
While all generations have similarities, there are differences among them as well. A 2007 Pew Research Center report called "Millennials: Confident. Connected. Open to Change" noted the challenge of studying generations:
"Generational analysis has a long and distinguished place in social science, and we cast our lot with those scholars who believe it is not only possible, but often highly illuminating, to search for the unique and distinctive characteristics of any given age group of Americans. But we also know this is not an exact science. We are mindful that there are as many differences in attitudes, values, behaviors, and lifestyles within a generation as there are between generations. But we believe this reality does not diminish the value of generational analysis; it merely adds to its richness and complexity."
Another element of generational theory is recognizing how youth experience their generation, and how that changes based on where they reside in the world. "Analyzing young people's experiences in place contributes to a deeper understanding of the processes of individualization, inequality, and of generation." Being able to take a closer looks at youth cultures and subcultures in different times and places adds an extra element to understanding the everyday lives of youth. This allows a better understanding of youth and the way generation and place play in their development. It is not where the birth cohort boundaries are drawn that is important, but how individuals and societies interpret the boundaries and how divisions may shape processes and outcomes. However, the practice of categorizing age cohorts is useful to researchers for the purpose of constructing boundaries in their work.
Generational tension
Norman Ryder writing in American Sociological Review in 1965 shed light on the sociology of the discord between generations by suggesting that society "persists despite the mortality of its individual members, through processes of demographic metabolism and particularly the annual infusion of birth cohorts". He argued that generations may sometimes be a "threat to stability" but at the same time they represent "the opportunity for social transformation". Ryder attempted to understand the dynamics at play between generations.
Amanda Grenier in a 2007 essay published in Journal of Social Issues offered another source of explanation for why generational tensions exist. Grenier asserted that generations develop their own linguistic models that contribute to misunderstanding between age cohorts, "Different ways of speaking exercised by older and younger people exist, and may be partially explained by social historical reference points, culturally determined experiences, and individual interpretations".
Karl Mannheim in his 1952 book Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge asserted the belief that people are shaped through lived experiences as a result of social change. Howe and Strauss also have written on the similarities of people within a generation being attributed to social change. Based on the way these lived experiences shape a generation in regard to values, the result is that the new generation will challenge the older generation's values, resulting in tension. This challenge between generations and the tension that arises is a defining point for understanding generations and what separates them.
Western world
The Western world includes parts of Western Europe, North America, and Australasia. Many variations may exist within these regions, both geographically and culturally, which means that the list is broadly indicative, but very general. The contemporary characterization of these cohorts used in media and advertising borrows, in part, from the Strauss–Howe generational theory and generally follows the logic of the pulse-rate hypothesis.
* The Lost Generation, also known as the "Generation of 1914" in Europe, is a term originating from Gertrude Stein to describe those who fought in World War I. The Lost Generation is defined as the cohort born from 1883 to 1900 who came of age during World War I and the Roaring Twenties.
* The Greatest Generation, also known in American usage as the "G.I. Generation", includes the veterans who fought in World War II. They were born from 1901 to 1927; older G.I.s (or the Interbellum Generation) came of age during the Roaring Twenties, while younger G.I.s came of age during the Great Depression and World War II. Journalist Tom Brokaw wrote about American members of this cohort in his book The Greatest Generation, which popularized the term.
* The Silent Generation, also known as the "Lucky Few", is the cohort who came of age in the post–World War II era. They were born from 1928 to 1945. In the U.S., this group includes most of those who may have fought the Korean War and many of those who may have fought during the Vietnam War.
* Baby boomers (often shortened to Boomers), are the people born following World War II from 1946 to 1964. Increased birth rates were observed during the post–World War II baby boom, making them a relatively large demographic cohort. See:
* In the U.S., many older boomers may have fought in the Vietnam War or participated in the counterculture of the 1960s, while younger boomers (or Generation Jones) came of age in the "malaise" years of the 1970s.
* Generation X (or Gen X for short) is the cohort following the baby boomers. The generation is generally defined as people born between 1965 and 1980. The term has also been used in different times and places for a number of different subcultures or countercultures since the 1950s. In the U.S., some called Xers the "baby bust" generation because of a drop in birth rates following the baby boom.
* Millennials, also known as Generation Y (or Gen Y for short), are the generation following Generation X who grew up around the turn of the 3rd millennium. This generation is typically defined as those born from 1981 to 1996. The Pew Research Center reported that Millennials surpassed the Baby Boomers in U.S. numbers in 2019, with an estimated 71.6 million Boomers and 72.1 million Millennials.
* Generation Z (or Gen Z for short and colloquially as "Zoomers"), are the people succeeding the Millennials. Pew Research Center describes Generation Z as spanning from 1997 to 2012. Both the United States Library of Congress and Statistics Canada have cited Pew's definition of 1997–2012 for Generation Z. In a 2022 report, the U.S. Census designates Generation Z as those born 1997 to 2013. The Australian Bureau of Statistics uses 1996 to 2010 to define Generation Z in a 2022 publication.
* Generation Alpha (or Gen Alpha for short) are the generation succeeding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media typically use 2013 as starting birth year and 2024 as ending birth year. Generation Alpha is the first to be born entirely in the 21st century. As of 2015, there were some two-and-a-half million people born every week around the globe, and Gen Alpha is expected to reach nearly two billion in size by 2025.
* In the U.S., many older boomers may have fought in the Vietnam War or participated in the counterculture of the 1960s, while younger boomers (or Generation Jones) came of age in the "malaise" years of the 1970s.
* Generation X (or Gen X for short) is the cohort following the baby boomers. The generation is generally defined as people born between 1965 and 1980. The term has also been used in different times and places for a number of different subcultures or countercultures since the 1950s. In the U.S., some called Xers the "baby bust" generation because of a drop in birth rates following the baby boom.
* Millennials, also known as Generation Y (or Gen Y for short), are the generation following Generation X who grew up around the turn of the 3rd millennium. This generation is typically defined as those born from 1981 to 1996. The Pew Research Center reported that Millennials surpassed the Baby Boomers in U.S. numbers in 2019, with an estimated 71.6 million Boomers and 72.1 million Millennials.
* Generation Z (or Gen Z for short and colloquially as "Zoomers"), are the people succeeding the Millennials. Pew Research Center describes Generation Z as spanning from 1997 to 2012. Both the United States Library of Congress and Statistics Canada have cited Pew's definition of 1997–2012 for Generation Z. In a 2022 report, the U.S. Census designates Generation Z as those born 1997 to 2013. The Australian Bureau of Statistics uses 1996 to 2010 to define Generation Z in a 2022 publication.
* Generation Alpha (or Gen Alpha for short) are the generation succeeding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media typically use 2013 as starting birth year and 2024 as ending birth year. Generation Alpha is the first to be born entirely in the 21st century. As of 2015, there were some two-and-a-half million people born every week around the globe, and Gen Alpha is expected to reach nearly two billion in size by 2025.
Other areas
* In Armenia, people born after the country's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 are known as the "Independence generation".
* In Bulgaria, people born in the final years of communism and early years of capitalism (mid-1980s to mid-1990s) are known as "the children of the transition". They are believed to have had a difficult time adapting to the many changes in the country that occurred during the time they were growing into adulthood. Regime and economic changes and shifts from eastern to western cultural values and influences, among other factors, were things their parents, being from previous generations, could not prepare them for.
* In the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the generation of people born in Czechoslovakia during the baby boom which started in the early 1970s, during the period of "normalization" are called "Husák's children". The generation was named after the President and long-term Communist leader of Czechoslovakia, Gustáv Husák. This was due to his political program to boost the growth of population.
* In the People's Republic of China, the "Post-80s" (Chinese: 八零后世代 or 八零后) (born-after-1980 generation) are those who were born in the 1980s in urban areas of mainland China. Growing up in modern China, the Post-80s has been characterised by its optimism for the future, newfound excitement for consumerism and entrepreneurship and acceptance of its historic role in transforming modern China into an economic power. There is also the similarly named "Post-90s" (Chinese: 九零后), those born in the post-Tiananmen era of the 1990s. A broader generational classification would be the "one-child generation" born between the introduction of the one-child policy in 1979 and its softening into a "two-child policy" in 2015. The lack of siblings has had profound psychological effects on this generation, such as egoism due to always being at the centre of parents' attention as well as the stress of having to be the sole provider once the parents retire.
* People born post-1980s in Hong Kong are for the most part different from the same generation in mainland China. The term "Post-80s" (zh: 八十後) came into use in Hong Kong between 2009 and 2010, particularly during the opposition to the Guangzhou-Hong Kong Express Rail Link, during which a group of young activists came to the forefront of Hong Kong's political scene. They are said to be "post-materialist" in outlook, and they are particularly vocal in issues such as urban development, culture and heritage, and political reform. Their campaigns include the fight for the preservation of Lee Tung Street, the Star Ferry Pier and the Queen's Pier, Choi Yuen Tsuen Village, real political reform (on 23 June), and a citizen-oriented Kowloon West Art district. Their discourse mainly develops around themes such as anti-colonialism, sustainable development, and democracy.
* In Hungary, the re-criminalization of abortion and the childless-tax policies implemented by Anna Ratkó in the early-1950s resulted in a minor baby boom (roughly 1953–1956) known as the "Ratkó era" (hu:Ratkó-korszak) or the "Ratkó children."
* In India, generations tend to follow a pattern similar to the broad Western model, although there are still major differences, especially in the older generations. One interpretation sees India's independence in 1947 as India's major generational shift. People born in the 1930s and 1940s tended to be loyal to the new state and tended to adhere to "traditional" divisions of society. Indian "boomers", those born after independence and into the early 1960s, witnessed events like the Indian Emergency between 1975 and 1977 which made a number of them somewhat skeptical of the government.
* In Israel, where most Ashkenazi Jews born before the end of World War II were Holocaust survivors, children of survivors and people who survived as babies are sometimes referred to as the "second generation (of Holocaust survivors)" (Hebrew: דור שני לניצולי שואה, dor sheni lenitsolei shoah; or more often just דור שני לשואה, dor sheni lashoah, literally "second generation to the Holocaust"). This term is particularly common in the context of psychological, social, and political implications of the individual and national transgenerational trauma caused by the Holocaust. Some researchers have also found signs of trauma in third-generation Holocaust survivors.
* In Northern Ireland, people born after the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, generally regarded as the end of the Troubles, are colloquially known as "Peace Babies".
* In Norway, the term "the dessert generation" has been applied to the baby boomers and every generation afterwards.
* In Russia, characteristics of Russian generations are determined by fateful historical events that significantly change either the foundations of the life of the country as a whole or the rules of life in a certain period of time. Names and given descriptions of Russian generations: the Generation of Winners, the generation of the Cold War, the generation of Perestroika, the first non-Soviet generation (the children of Perestroika, the Witnesses of Perestroika), the digital generation.
* In Singapore, people born before 1949 are referred to as the "Pioneer Generation" for their contributions to Singapore during the nation's earliest years. Likewise, those born between 1950 and 1959 are referred to as the "Merdeka Generation" as their formative years were during the political turbulence of the 1950s to 1960s in Singapore.
* In South Africa, people born after the 1994 general election, the first after apartheid was ended, are often referred to in media as the "born-free generation". People born after the year 2000 are often referred to as "Ama2000", a term popularized by music and a Coca-Cola advert.
* In South Korea, generational cohorts are often defined around the democratization of the country, with various schemes suggested including names such as the "democratization generation", 386 generation (named after Intel 386 computer in the 1990s to describe people in their late 30s and early 40s who were born in the 1960s, and attended university/college in the 1980s, also called the "June 3, 1987 generation"), that witnessed the June uprising, the "April 19 generation" (that struggled against the Syngman Rhee regime in 1960), the "June 3 generation" (that struggled against the normalization treaty with Japan in 1964), the "1969 generation" (that struggled against the constitutional revision allowing three presidential terms), and the shin-se-dae ("new") generation. The term Shin-se-dae generation refers to the generation following Millennials in the Korean language. The Shin-se-dae generation are mostly free from ideological or political bias.
* In Sweden, it is common to talk about people based on the decades of their births: "40-talist" (a person that was born in the 1940s), "50-talist" (a person that was born in the 1950s), etc.
* In Taiwan, the term Strawberry generation refers to Taiwanese people born after 1981 who "bruise easily" like strawberries—meaning they can not withstand social pressure or work hard like their parents' generation; the term refers to people who are insubordinate, spoiled, selfish, arrogant, and sluggish in work.
* In Turkey, it is common to talk about people based on the decades of the time they were teens.
* In Spain, although in general terms there is a certain assimilation to the generational structure of Strauss and Howe (and uncritically the majority of the media use it), there are substantial differentials, for historical reasons that (as established by the Generations theory) have marked the successive age cohorts in the Century XX. Firstly, neutrality during the First World War, which prevented it from suffering that social and cultural impact. Secondly, the Civil War and the subsequent dictatorship, which lasted four decades and, especially during its first decades, imposed strong political, social and cultural repression. And thirdly, neutrality during World War II. Thus, the sociologists Artemio Baigorri and Manuela Caballero insert, between the Silent Generation and the Baby Boom Generation (which they also call the Protest Generation), what they call the Franco Generation (1929–1943), whose childhood and early youth was marked by war, post-war scarcity and repression.
Other terminology
The term generation is sometimes applied to a cultural movement, or more narrowly defined group than an entire demographic. Some examples include:
* The Stolen Generations, refers to children of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islander descent, who were forcibly removed from their families by Australian federal and state government agencies and church missions, under Acts of their respective parliaments between approximately 1869 and 1969.
* The Beat Generation, refers to a popular American cultural movement widely cited by social scholars as having laid the foundation of the pro-active American counterculture of the 1960s. It consisted of Americans born between the two world wars who came of age in the rise of the automobile era, and the surrounding accessibility they brought to the culturally diverse, yet geographically broad and separated nation.
* Generation Jones is a term coined by Jonathan Pontell to describe the cohort of people born between 1954 and 1965. The term is used primarily in English-speaking countries. Pontell defined Generation Jones as referring to the second half of the post–World War II baby boom. The term also includes first-wave Generation X.
* MTV Generation, a term referring to the adolescents and young adults of the 1980s and early-mid 1990s who were heavily influenced by the MTV television channel. It is often used synonymously with Generation X.
* In Europe, a variety of terms have emerged in different countries particularly hard hit following the financial crisis of 2007–2008 to designate young people with limited employment and career prospects.
* The Generation of 500 is a term popularized by the Greek mass media and refers to educated Greek twixters of urban centers who generally fail to establish a career. Young adults are usually forced into underemployment in temporary and occasional jobs, unrelated to their educational background, and receive the minimum allowable base salary of €500. This generation evolved in circumstances leading to the Greek debt crisis and participated in the 2010–2011 Greek protests.
* In Spain, they are referred to as the mileuristas (for €1,000, "the thousand-euro-ists").
* In Portugal, they are called the Geração à Rasca (the "Scraping-By Generation"); a twist on the older term Geração Rasca ("the Lousy Generation") used by detractors to refer to student demonstrations in the 1990s against Education Ministers António Couto dos Santos and later Manuela Ferreira Leite.
* In France, they are called Génération précaire ("The Precarious Generation").
* In Italy the term "generation of 1,000 euros" is used.
* Xennials, Oregon Trail Generation, and Generation Catalano are terms used to describe individuals born during Generation X/Millennial cusp years. Xennials is a portmanteau blending the words Generation X and Millennials to describe a microgeneration of people born from the late 1970s to late 1980s.
* Zillennials, Zennials, Snapchat Generation, and MinionZ are terms used to describe individuals born during the Millennial/Generation Z cusp years. Zillennials is a portmanteau blending the words Millennials and Generation Z to describe a microgeneration of people born from the early 1990s to the early 2000s.
Criticism
Philip N. Cohen, a sociology professor at the University of Maryland, criticized the use of "generation labels", stating that the labels are "imposed by survey researchers, journalists or marketing firms" and "drive people toward stereotyping and rash character judgment." Cohen's open letter to the Pew Research Center, which outlines his criticism of generational labels, received at least 150 signatures from other demographers and social scientists.
Louis Menand, writer at The New Yorker, stated that "there is no empirical basis" for the contention "that differences within a generation are smaller than differences between generations." He argued that generational theories "seem to require" that people born at the tail end of one generation and people born at the beginning of another (e.g. a person born in 1965, the first year of Generation X, and a person born in 1964, the last of the Boomer era) "must have different values, tastes, and life experiences" or that people born in the first and last birth years of a generation (e.g. a person born in 1980, the last year of Generation X, and a person born in 1965, the first year of Generation X) "have more in common" than with people born a couple years before or after them.
In 2023, after a review of their research and methods, and consulting with external experts, Pew Research Center announced a change in their use of generation labels to "avoid reinforcing harmful stereotypes or oversimplifying people’s complex lived experiences", and said that, going forward, they will only conduct generational analysis when historical data is available that allows them to "compare generations at similar stage of life" and "won’t always default to using the standard generational definitions and labels." | WIKI |
Talk:Metic
Untitled
I removed this sentence: "It did not have the pejorative sense that it has today in some languages." Maybe this should go back in, but somewhere else, in a para about citizen attitudes to them.
Add: The entry talks about Greek-speaking metics and non-Greek speaking (barbarian) metics. This needs to be clarified. Flounderer 23:40, 19 October 2005 (UTC) they also went to the agora to by slaves in ancient Athens. The slaves went to go and by the food at the agora and hear news that it all out. One thing missing from the stuff I've put in its place is information on sexual relations, marriage. Flounderer 05:53, 20 October 2005 (UTC)
* Citizens who got struck off the deme lists became metics. Citizenship as a more contested status, so that the difference between citizen and metic is sometimes a matter of assertion (and accusation).
* gender
* The Greeks differentiated foreigners in the city who were Greek from those who were not Greek (metics). Free foreigners who came from Greece, but who were born to metic parents, were also considered metics. Resident Greek foreigners were considered free men, while non-Greek foreigners and barbarians were suspect, as one could never be certain that a foreigner was really a free man (eleutheros). The city, therefore, had to be cautious and watch them, as long as this did not interfere with hospitality or asylum, which the Greeks valued highly. However, the expulsion of foreigners (xenelasia) was a common practise.
* Although they were residents, barbarian foreigners had no special legal protection. Greek foreigners had no political rights but had certain fiscal obligations. Marriage between a metic and a citizen woman was not recognized. Metics were registered, like citizens, within a deme, but had to find a prostates (patron) who could vouch for him, and a proxenos who would represent him in court. Patrons would purchase land and hold it in behalf of the ghfhfhrghjghhk controls, but the importance of the controls depended on the cosmopolitan character of the city and the possible bilateral legal conventions between cities.
* Free Greek foreigners were excluded from politics, but they belonged to the same community as citizens, sharing a language, religion, and sanctuations. The right of citizenship was rarely granted, but the practise of hospitality (xenia) offered certain guarantees. Generally, cities did not aim to integrate foreigners as full citizens.
* Metics often oversaw Hellenic commerce and banking and formed part of the governmental bureaucracy.
The section 'France' should be removed
If there is reason to for the French use of the term to appear, it could be in its own article. The article on the Greek concept and social structure would be stronger without reference to a related word used in France. --JWBito 05:32, 28 February 2007 (UTC)
THE PART WHERE THERE IS A REFERENCE TO THE FRENCH CONFUSED ME. i DEFINETLY AGREE WITH THE PERSON WHO THOUGHT THAT IT SHOULD BE REMOVED FROM THIS ARTICLE. IF THIS ARTICLE WAS ABOUT FRANCE, I WOULD SAY OTHERWISE. <IP_ADDRESS> 05:53, 3 March 2007 (UTC) me
Should the reference in this section read "1890s" instead of "1990s"? --CallidusUlixes (talk) 08:30, 12 December 2011 (UTC)
"Metics as Interpretation" Removed
I have removed the following text:
* Metics as Interpretation in Recent Scholarship
* Metics as a field of study was pioneered by the Feminist Biblical Scholar, Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza. It has to do with going beyond the hermeneutic interpretation of a text and seeing its metic meaning. The term comes from the ancient Greek story wherein Zeus turns the god of knowledge Metis, into a fly and swallows her, thus denying humanity interpretation except when he sends word through the messenger god, Hermes. The field of study is formed within Schüssler Fiorenza's book entitled, Rhetoric and Ethic. It can be found within the chapter, From Hermeneutics to Metics. In her work, "Transforming Vision: Explorations in Feminist The*logy", she describes the purpose of Metics by saying, "Since the goal of Feminist hermeneutics is not simply to interpret and communicate divine revelations and religious insights but to undo kyriarchal mystification and dehumanization, it must derive its inspiration from Metis, and not from Hermes, the trickster god"(Schüssler Fiorenza, 70).
This has nothing to do with the social group in ancient Athens, and if it really needs a wikipedia entry, then it should have its own page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:40, 29 September 2014 (UTC)
Hi 2001:8A0:6DFC:5300:A1BC:C5CC:3F1:762 (talk) 17:40, 23 January 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Clearing App Cache on Android: A Step-by-Step Guide and the Importance of Doing It
Should You Clear App Cache on Android? Here’s What You Need to Know
Clearing app cache is a controversial topic when it comes to maintaining your Android phone. Many people clear app cache instinctively to free up additional storage on their phone or to keep their phone and apps from getting sluggish. But should you clear the app cache on Android? If so, how? Does it even do anything, or is it just a placebo?
Many users believe that Android should handle app cache and that interfering with default caching behavior is asking for trouble. But the truth is far murkier. Some apps don’t use cache space responsibly, some break when they use too much cached data, and others won’t start after an update without being manually cached. Blanket statements aren’t helpful here. It’s useful to understand what app cache is, why it matters, and why you might want to clear it on your Android smartphone.
What is a cache?
Caching lets applications like browsers, games, and streaming services store temporary files to reduce load times and make your overall experience faster. YouTube, Spotify, Google News, and other apps save information as cache data. This can be video thumbnails, search history, or snippets of video used to minimize user input.
Caching can save time, as internet speeds aren’t the same everywhere. Although, apps offloading data onto your phone will slow it down, especially when there’s not much storage to spare.
Difference between clearing app cache and data on Android
While we often mention clearing cache and data in the same breath, they’re two distinct actions on Android. When using the Spotify app, for example, it holds onto information like new artists you viewed, album art browsed, and search history as cache. When the app cache is cleared, all the mentioned data is cleared.
The application stores more vital information like user settings, databases, and login information as data. When you clear the data, both the cache and data are removed. Clearing data is the equivalent of starting an app from a clean slate as if you just installed it for the first time.
Why should you clear the app cache?
The primary reason for someone to clear the application cache would be to free up storage, which might impact the phone’s performance. But clearing data is a much more dramatic step, which is generally reserved for when an app is buggy or fails to start. This could result from corrupted cache files, untested server-side changes, misbehaving software, or a new OS update to Android.
Some poorly written apps or poorly sandboxed apps could pose a security threat if they store sensitive user information in their cache and data. In such a scenario, it makes sense to clear them both.
How to clear app cache and data
Clearing the cache is best seen as a temporary fix since every app will once again start populating the storage immediately. Despite the benefits, doing so too often can be pointless as it defeats the purpose of improving load times. Only clear the cache when it’s essential instead of making it a daily routine.
How to clear app cache and data on Google Pixel
• Open Settings
• Scroll down and select Apps
• Tap the See all option at the bottom
• Tap the app name whose app cache you want to clear
• Tap Storage and cache
• Select Clear cache
• Tap Clear storage to clear data and cache
How to clear app cache and data on Samsung Galaxy phones
• Open the Settings menu
• Scroll down and select Apps
• Tap the app name whose app cache you want to clear
• Scroll down and select Storage
• Tap Clear data to clear data
• Tap Clear cache to clear the app cache
How to clear app cache and data on OnePlus phones
• Open Settings
• Scroll down and select Apps and notifications
• Tap See all to list all installed apps
• Tap the app name whose app cache you want to clear
• Select Storage and cache
• Tap Clear cache to clear the cache
• Tap Clear storage to clear data and cache
How to clear cache and data on Xiaomi phones
• Open Settings
• Scroll down and select Apps
• Tap Manage apps
• Tap the app name whose app cache you want to clear
• Select the Storage option
• Tap Clear cache to clear only the app cache, or tap Clear data to clear data and cache
Why not use a third-party app cache cleaner?
Third-party cache cleaner apps are one of the most futile exercises in the history of humankind. If you use an app that claims to boost your phone’s performance, take some time to evaluate whether it has helped. Even worse, many apps in this genre have been known to mine user data and send it to foreign servers. As the saying goes, an app either dies a hero or lives long enough to see itself become a cleaner app.
Jokes aside, there are genuine concerns about using these apps due to their shady practices and privacy policies. They generally demand extensive permissions or display sketchy full-screen ads. Their common selling point of speeding up your phone is usually outweighed by the need to run continuously in the background and use system resources.
Some legitimate apps like SD Maid or Files by Google are worth considering. They offer value in showing a detailed view of what’s occupying your phone’s storage.
Is there a perfect solution?
The option to clear data is a useful feature in solving many issues and is unique to Android. But we could use an automated solution similar to iOS for when an older device becomes full. At some point, it’s worth looking into the best new Android phones. Newer phones tend to have more storage and faster speeds.
The now-shelved Nextbit Robin presented some interesting ideas in 2016 that relied on backing up and retrieving files from the cloud. This solution seems less than ideal when internet reliability becomes an issue. Older versions of Android gave users the option of clearing the cache for all installed apps with a one-click button. Maybe Google will bring the feature back, but for the time being, users need to clear the cache individually.
Most people clear their cache in search of faster phone performance. If you still need quicker processing times but don’t want to buy a new phone, try these tips to speed up your old Android phone. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
This project has moved and is read-only. For the latest updates, please go here.
Regarding the design of Renderers, Layers and Themes
Topics: SharpMap v2.0
May 4, 2008 at 12:22 PM
Hi all,
While working on the WPF Controls, I repeatedly hit a cognitive wall when trying to understand the design and relationship of renderers, layers, styles and themes. So, after taking the time to solve the puzzle myself – I’m here to ask for your help… I was thinking of it quite bit, so sorry for the lengthy post.
Here is my understanding of the roles/ responsibilities of the various classes, and afterward some questions:
Renderers: Relatively low level mechanism. According to my understanding, they are not intended to be and an extensibility point except for platform support. i.e. – once a GDI/WPF/whatever renderer exists, it’ll rarely extended or even directly used by the API end user.
Several other aspects of renderers:
In general, there should exist one renderer per layer type (the registration of a renderer with layer name is not publicly exposed by SharpMap).
Being low level mechanism, the renderer should not be aware of presentation details such as currently visible WorldWidth.
Now, taking the above, I’m having trouble understanding why the ITheme it a member of FeatureRenderer, (and not ILayer, for example). First, being a member of FeatureRenderer means, that there is one theme for all layers (of the same type), while it seems reasonable to have a theme per layer. Second, there is an issue of using Style.MinVisible / MaxVisible. These properties can have an effect on the display only if WorldWidth is known in the given context. The renderer should not deal with WorldWidth, so the decision whether to display a feature or not can be done in one of the following:
1. The theme itself – This will make coupling between the Theme and the View, instead of leaving the theme to be just a function of FeatureDataRow
2. In the presenter (which is reasonable) – but, the MapPresenter2D is not theme aware, and the decision whether to use default style or theme is already implemented in the BasicGeometryRenderer, so overriding RenderFeatureLayer to make theme based rendering decisions doesn’t seem appropriate
At this point a get confused and helpless …
There’s another issue, rendered objects caching. Seems to me reasonable to have some caching logic in the renderer, but – the layer to which the objects belong seems to be crucial information for the caching policy, and yet – the renderer has no idea which layer it is rendering… (this is actually not such a big problem, since there can be some kind of caching context which encapsulates the relevant info.
So, please if can clarify the intent behind the design, and the correct use of it, my nights will be much more peaceful :-)
Thanks,
B.
May 6, 2008 at 11:13 PM
Hi blackrussian -
Thanks for the ongoing work on the WPF renderer.
Let's see if I can help shed some light.
Renderers: Yes, these are graphics technology dependant classes whose responsibility is to take a geometry path and turn it into a graphical element. You are correct - once a renderer exists for a particular technology, it is consumed and hidden by upper layers (such as a presenter), and isn't really an extensibility point for SharpMap users.
Theme support is not really baked in v2.0 - and in fact is not really carefully thought out. I, for one, don't really need it at the moment, so I've done what any responsible programmer should do - deferred it.
There are some problems in the factoring, as you are uncovering. You're right that the idea is that renders should be fed paths and style and generate (or update) the relevant graphical elements. The idea is that IStyle and ITheme are interfaces which a renderer should be able to consume and generate the correct graphical primitives to render the map visually.
There is a problem with this, however - we don't really know what the renderer's coordinate system is. The world geometry has a coordinate system (even if it isn't explicit). The view has a coordinate system. Which one does the renderer use? Obviously, it can't use the view's, since it's whole purpose is to transform world coordinates in an ad-hoc manner. Therefore, I picked the other naive alternative: world coordinates. However, in practice, this doesn't work out very well (I had a bad feeling about it, but I was in a rush). Precision issues and messy geometry paths show up quickly. My current thinking is that the renderer needs a canonical coordinate system which it would still have to generate via a transform of world coordinates. The view would then transform renderer coordinates. This means the renderer would still need to know the world width in order to generate the linear transform. This is typically not a problem since it is very easy and inexpensive (relative to most other operations) to find out.
Looking back, it might make more sense that IStyle or ITheme be a property of the GraphicsPath class (and after thinking more, GraphicsPath be renamed to GeometryPath). This way the IStyle property doesn't need to be set every call and the renderer can be more stateless. A renderer would then have a much better opportunity to cache or databind on path data, since it could lookup if the path was already generated and cached, and if a style update is all that is needed.
I agree with you about the rendering context. I had played with that concept for a while and abandoned it since I couldn't spend much time on it. It was leading to creating a spatially indexed visual tree for the GDI renderer (which is probably ultimately the right thing to do, to simplify development for all other graphical systems), and I just couldn't commit to that.
Let me know if this is helpful. I didn't go back and dig around the code and the comments to fully refresh my understanding on all the shortcuts, but it might get you started. Don't hesitate to call out for me to be more clear - I'll try to keep you and your efforts near the top of my priority queue. (But don't ask John Diss how much attention I will actually give your code until I'm done with NTS. ;)
May 7, 2008 at 1:23 AM
Hi codekaizen.
Many thanks for your detailed reply.
Your post certainly helps grokking most of the issues I’ve pointed out.
The most important guidance I needed was a confirmation of my intuitive “classification” of ShapMaps abstractions into one of the following (sure, life is a bit more complex than this simple dichotomy, but it’s still useful):
1. The abstraction is a product of deliberate design decision.
2. The abstraction is a “functional placeholder”, implemented as a result of reality constraints (e.g. the total night-time programming resources a day-time developer can spend on his pet open source project…).
The implications are obvious – in first case, I would try hard not to reinvent the wheel and respect SharpMap’s conceptual model. In the second, I will allow myself a bit more creativity, and perhaps re-implement certain aspects of the code, so they'll fit my design approach better.
Again, your answer makes many of such decisions easier.
On the practical path, I’ll feel more comfortable to tweak the Thematics architecture, while trying not to mess up the renderers interfaces. Luckily, WPFs mechanisms such as Attached Properties help tremendously to achieve this.
I will sure have more questions as coding goes on, so we will certainly be in touch.
Thanks again,
B. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Fleischschnacka
Fleischschnackas (Alsatian word, literally meat snail) are an Alsatian dish made from cooked meat stuffing (usually the remainders of pot-au-feu), eggs, onions, parsley, salt, pepper rolled in a fresh egg pasta.
The meat stuffing is spread on the fresh egg pasta and rolled. The tube obtained is then cut into slices of 1.5–2 cm, the Fleischschnackas. The slices are cooked on each face with butter in a frying pan then broth (usually pot-au-feu broth) is added and the rolls are cooked ca. 12 minutes.
Traditionally, Fleischschnackas are served with a small quantity of broth and a green salad.
Etymology
Fleischschnacka literally means "snails of meat". It comes from words: Schnacka (snails) and Fleisch (meat).
A similar dish of meat-stuffed pasta, Maultaschen, is popular in Germany, particularly in the region of Baden-Württemberg which shares a border with Alsace. Maultaschen cut in half can resemble Fleischschnacka. | WIKI |
Arturs Alberings
Arturs Alberings (8 January 1876 – 26 April 1934) was the 6th Prime Minister of Latvia. He held office from 7 May 1926 to 18 December 1926.
Personal life
Alberings was born on 8 January 1876 to a family of farmers in Rūjiena, Kreis Wolmar, in the Governorate of Livonia. His father was Virķēni "Klāvās. After graduating from Vilkene Primary School and Kharkiv Agricultural High School, he studied agronomy in Norway, and also improved his knowledge of fish farming in Germany.
In Russia, he worked as the director of the School of Agriculture and Fish Farming, as well as the manager of manors. After returning to Latvia, he started leading courses at the Riga Central Agricultural Association, and he founded and managed animal monitoring associations in the Rūjiena and Valmiera areas.
After the February Revolution in 1917, Alberings began to be involved in politics. In August, 1918, he was elected a member of the Vidzeme Land Council. In November, as a representative of the Latvian Farmers Union, he became a member of the People's Council of Latvia.
Political career
Alberings was elected to the Constitutional Assembly in 1922 and served on commissions of inquiry into agricultural affairs and treason. In Parliament, its first chairman was Frīdriha Vesmaņa. The 2nd member of the 2nd Saeima was Pauls Kalniņš. In Parliament, its first chairman was Frīdriha Vesmaņa.
Alberings ran and was elected in the 3rd Saeima elections. He was the Minister of Agriculture in the cabinet of Hugo Celmiņš and the government of Kārlis Ulmanis.
In May 1926, after the government headed by Ulmanis resigned due to the unaccepted budget, his cabinet was formed. In September, Alberings also took over the duties of the Minister of Finance due to the resignation of the former Minister Jānis Blumbers.
In December, the Saeima asked Prime Minister Alberings why no new Minister of Finance had been found, to which he replied that he had assumed the post of Minister of Finance instead of performing his duties. The majority of Parliament found this explanation unsatisfactory and the government resigned.
Since the autumn semester of 1926, he has been an honorary philister of the student association "Fraternitas Rusticana". Alberings was awarded the Order of the Three Stars 2nd Class, the Order of the White Rose of Finland etc.
Death
Artur Alberings died in Riga on 26 April 1934, from pneumonia. | WIKI |
SS The Emerald
SS The Emerald was a cruise ship owned by Louis Cruise Lines (now Celestyal Cruises). She was built in 1958 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock company in Newport News, Virginia, United States, for the Grace Line, as the ocean liner Santa Rosa. Between 1992 and 1995, she sailed for Regency Cruises as Regent Rainbow and between 1997 and 2008, she sailed for Thomson Cruises (now Marella Cruises) as The Emerald. Before retiring in 2009, she was the last passenger ship built at a U.S. shipyard that was still in active service.
Design and construction
In 1956, the Grace Line ordered two new ships to replace the aging 1932-built sisters, SS Santa Rosa (1932) and SS Santa Paula (1932). Gibbs & Cox had designed the older two ships and would now design their successors. These modern ocean liners were built by Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Newport News, Virginia, USA and were among the last passenger ocean liners built entirely in the U.S. There was full air conditioning for passengers, and the first ships in America to be equipped with Gyrofin stabilizers.
The interior was fireproofed with aluminum, and designed by Dorothy Marckwald & Anne Urquhart, the same designers that did the interiors for the SS America and SS United States. Accommodations were spacious with all cabins facing outside,and every cabin had its own bathroom. The Santa Rosa's had two aft cargo holds had side doors and automatic conveyors to quickly move pallets on and off the ship, thus giving her a rapid turn-around at port. Santa Rosa was launched on August 28, 1957 and delivered on June 12, 1958.
* Deck Plan
1958–1971: Santa Rosa
The new Santa Rosa and SS Santa Paula (1958) entered service on the New York to South America and the Caribbean for Grace Line. The Santa Rosa made its maiden voyage on Oct. 10, 1958, when it became the largest ship ever to make the voyage up the Hudson River to Albany, N.Y. She also became the first major passenger liner to make her maiden appearance in New York harbor from the north.
Collision with SS Valchem
In the early morning hours of March 26, 1959, Santa Rosa was returning to New York in heavy fog. She was 22 miles east of Atlantic City, N.J., when she collided with the tanker SS Valchem. No one was injured on the liner but four crewman on the tanker was killed and 16 were injured. Santa Rosa’s bow punched a cavity extending halfway into the tanker and caused flooding of the lower engine room with resultant loss of power. Two boilers were also demolished. The funnel of the Valchem and adjacent vents were scooped off the tanker and carried onto Santa Rosa’s bow. Santa Rosa sustained heavy damage but was repaired and returned to service.
1971–1992: inactivity and modernisation
In 1970, the Grace Line merged with Prudential Lines to become Prudential-Grace Line. Santa Rosa sailed for another year but in 1971, passenger operations ceased and both she and the Santa Paula were laid up at Hampton Roads in Virginia and put up for sale. In 1975, Santa Rosa was obtained by the U.S. Department of Commerce and in 1976, she was sold to Vintero Corp. of New York City and renamed Samos Sky. She was intended to operate South American service once again, but this venture failed and she remained idle. In 1989, she was sold to Coral Cruise Lines, part of the Lelakis Group, and towed to Greece that December. In March 1990, Samos Sky arrived in Chalkis, Greece and was renamed Pacific Sun and then, later that year, Diamond Island. At the cost of $70 million, she was converted into a cruise ship; her superstructure was expanded, whilst her hull remained largely unaltered and she retained her original steam turbine engines, which were renovated with parts from the former Santa Paula. The work was finished in 1991.
1992–2009: Regent Rainbow and The Emerald
The modernised ship entered service under Regency Cruises as the popular Regent Rainbow in 1992, until Regency Cruises suffered extensive losses and was declared bankrupt in 1995. Regent Rainbow was placed under arrest that November. In December 1996, Regent Rainbow was sold to Louis Cruise Lines and renamed The Emerald. In 1997, she was chartered to Thomson Cruises to operate cruises for the British market. During her time with Thomson she became the company's most popular ship, and remained in service with them until October 2008, when she was dropped in favor of a larger, more modern and economical vessel. Hereafter, she saw limited further service for Louis until 2009, when the company announced that she was being laid up and most likely would not sail again.
Retirement
Following the departure of The Emerald from their service, Louis looked for other owners who would operate her for further use, since she met SOLAS 2010 regulations, but she remained laid up at Eleusis, Greece. In 2011, she was inspected by scrappers and in July 2012, she departed Greece for the scrapyard at Alang, India. She was scrapped under the shortened name Emerald. | WIKI |
//Listing 5: refcnt_ptr.h //This is modified from code originally posted to //the genstl mailing list by John Maxwell Skaller. template class refcnt_ptr { public: typedef T element_type; typedef refcnt_ptr self; explicit refcnt_ptr(T *t = 0) : ptr(t) { inc(); } ~refcnt_ptr() { dec(); } refcnt_ptr(self const &pt) : ptr(pt.ptr) { inc(); } self& operator=(self const &pt) { if (pt.ptr != ptr) { // nothing to do if same pointer dec(); ptr = pt.ptr; inc(); } return *this; } T & operator* () const { return * ptr; } T * operator~ () const { return ptr; } T * get () const { return ptr; } T * operator->() const { return ptr; } bool operator!() const { return ptr == 0; } friend bool operator == (self const &pt1, self const &pt2) { return pt1.ptr == pt2.ptr; } friend bool operator != (self const &pt1, self const &pt2) { return pt1.ptr != pt2.ptr; } private: T *ptr; void inc() { if (ptr) ptr->refcnt++; } void dec() { if (ptr && --ptr->refcnt==0) delete ptr; } }; template class refcnt_base { protected: refcnt_base() : refcnt(0) { } refcnt_base(refcnt_base const &) : refcnt(0) { } void operator=(refcnt_base const &) { } ~refcnt_base() { if (refcnt) throw "Deleted object with nonzero refcnt"; } private: Int refcnt; template friend class refcnt_ptr; }; | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
File:Ludacris-ChickenAndBeer-music-album.jpg
Summary
This is rapper Ludacris' 2003 music album cover for Chicken & Beer. | WIKI |
Charlotte R Cooper
University of Nebraska at Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States
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Publications (2)11.27 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: TA (toxin-antitoxin) loci are ubiquitous in prokaryotic micro-organisms, including archaea, yet their physiological function is largely unknown. For example, preliminary reports have suggested that TA loci are microbial stress-response elements, although it was recently shown that knocking out all known chromosomally located TA loci in Escherichia coli did not have an impact on survival under certain types of stress. The hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus encodes at least 26 vapBC (where vap is virulence-associated protein) family TA loci in its genome. VapCs are PIN (PilT N-terminus) domain proteins with putative ribonuclease activity, while VapBs are proteolytically labile proteins, which purportedly function to silence VapCs when associated as a cognate pair. Global transcriptional analysis of S. solfataricus heat-shock-response dynamics (temperature shift from 80 to 90 degrees C) revealed that several vapBC genes were triggered by the thermal shift, suggesting a role in heat-shock-response. Indeed, knocking out a specific vapBC locus in S. solfataricus substantially changed the transcriptome and, in one case, rendered the crenarchaeon heat-shock-labile. These findings indicate that more work needs to be done to determine the role of VapBCs in S. solfataricus and other thermophilic archaea, especially with respect to post-transcriptional regulation.
Biochemical Society Transactions 03/2009; 37(Pt 1):123-6. DOI:10.1042/BST0370123 · 3.24 Impact Factor
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Kathryne S Auernik · Charlotte R Cooper · Robert M Kelly
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ABSTRACT: The extremely thermoacidophilic archaea are a particularly intriguing group of microorganisms that must simultaneously cope with biologically extreme pHs (< or = 4) and temperatures (Topt > or = 60 degrees C) in their natural environments. Their expanding biotechnological significance relates to their role in biomining of base and precious metals and their unique mechanisms of survival in hot acid, at both the cellular and biomolecular levels. Recent developments, such as advances in understanding of heavy metal tolerance mechanisms, implementation of a genetic system, and discovery of a new carbon fixation pathway, have been facilitated by the availability of genome sequence data and molecular genetic systems. As a result, new insights into the metabolic pathways and physiological features that define extreme thermoacidophily have been obtained, in some cases suggesting prospects for biotechnological opportunities.
Current Opinion in Biotechnology 09/2008; 19(5):445-53. DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2008.08.001 · 8.04 Impact Factor | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Microbiology: Laboratory Theory and Application: Exercise 4-2 Micro Lab: Columbia CNA with 5% Sheep Blood Agar Flashcards
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1
Columbia CNA with 5% sheep blood
is a differential, undefined, selective media that allows growth of gram positive organisms and stops or inhibits growth of most gram negative organisms
2
Which 3 bacteria does the Columbia CNA help grow?
staphylococci, streptococci, enteroccocci
3
What 6 carbon energy sources are in the Columbia CNA?
1. casein
2. digest of animal tissue
3. beef extract
4. yeast extract
5. corn starch
6. sheep blood
4
In Columbia CNA, sheep blood provides the _________ and yeast extract provides the ________
X factor
B vitamins
5
What attacks gram negative bacteria in the Columbia CNA and how?
antibiotics colistin and nalidixic acid (CNA) interfere with DNA replication and affect membrane integrity
6
Which three bacteria are CNA antibiotics effective against?
1. Klebsiella
2. Proteus
3. Pseudomonas
7
How does sheep's blood help with the differentiation of gram positive organisms?
based on hemolytic reaction | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Ayurveda and alchemy
Dagmar Wujastyk
For many, Ayurveda is associated with natural remedies based on herbs, massages and cleansing treatments, and above all, with a healthy lifestyle of balanced nutrition and self-care. Ayurveda is indeed all that, but also much more. One of Ayurveda’s less well-known aspects is its historical connection with Indian alchemy, or Rasashastra (= rasaśāstra). The medical elements of Rasashastra survive to this day as they have been incorporated into formal ayurvedic education in India: Rasashastra is now considered a subsidiary discipline of Ayurveda and a specialist practice, with a range of its traditional formulations produced by pharmaceutical companies and available as over-the-counter and prescription medicines.
Historically, Ayurveda and Rasashastra were separate disciplines, each with their own body of literature. The first ayurvedic works were compiled in the early centuries CE, while Sanskrit works on the practice of alchemy started appearing around the tenth century CE. Over time, demarcations between the two literatures and the practices described in them became less clear.
The ayurvedic works (especially the early ones) cover a wide range of topics, including philosophical and religious content, but their main focus is always on medicine. They describe how to diagnose disorders, explain the causes of disease, and lay out strategies for the preservation of health and alleviation or cure of disease. The early alchemical works describe the world view, aims and activities of alchemists and much of their content is dedicated to procedures for producing the central product of the alchemical endeavour: the elixir. The treatises propose a variety of outcomes from the intake of elixirs, ranging from improved health and longevity to the attainment of superhuman powers to immortality, spiritual liberation and transcendence.
Even the earliest alchemical works show knowledge of and concern with medicine, broadly relying on ayurvedic categories such as the humoral theory of disease causation. Later alchemical works expanded their focus on medicine, sometimes to the near exclusion of alchemical aims. At the same time, medical treatises started incorporating elements originally developed in alchemical works. The intersection of medicine and alchemy is iatrochemistry: a medicine using substances central to alchemical practice and also adopting originally alchemical procedures for processing substances. This is the part of alchemy that has survived into modern Rasashastra.
Medical elements occur in several ways in the alchemical texts. In the earliest, the attainment of health and longevity is presented as the very foundation for achieving enlightenment. For example, the “Book on the Heart of Mercury” (Rasahṛdayatantra = RHT, 11th c.), one of the oldest Sanskrit alchemical treatises states:
With one exception, what is better than an ageless and deathless body that is the seat of (all kinds of) knowledge, that is the root of righteousness, prosperity, pleasure and liberation? (RHT 1.27)
One who is worn out with ageing and subdued by afflictions such as cough, respiratory disease, etc. and whose mental and sensory functioning is impeded cannot achieve absorption (samādhi).
(RHT 1.29)
Alchemical texts also show a general concern with health and medicine when they introduce ingredients for alchemical processes: very often they describe the medicinal efficacy of substances together with their other characteristics. For example, a certain type of iron may be praised for its ability to bind mercury – an essential step in the making of mercurial elixirs – but also be valued for its rejuvenating properties, or its ability to counter disorders of the liver.
Descriptions of how to process raw substances to make them suitable as an ingredient of the alchemical elixir are often followed by compound recipes with medicinal applications.The most important of alchemical ingredients is mercury. And it is also considered the most powerful medicine of all. A saying about mercury, found in variations in most alchemical works, states that
(h)aving thickened, it cures disease; bound, it gives liberation; well-killed (i.e. made into ash), it makes immortal. What promotes compassion more than mercury? (RHT 1.3)
But there is also mention of more specific diseases that are addressed with medicinal substances such as sulphur, gold, mica, and others. The disease categories referred to are for the most part well-known from Ayurveda. For example, the Rasendracūḍāmaṇi (12th/13th c., Rcūm) describes preparations of sulphur thus:
One should eat two niṣka (ca 75 g) of purified sulphur that was melted in an iron vessel smeared with clarified butter and stirred with a ladle smeared with clarified butter. It cures diseases such as wasting disease, and above all leprosy (kuṣṭha). Sulphur mixed with an equal part of black pepper and six parts of the three myrobalans and taken with the root of Indian laburnum completely cures skin diseases. (Rcūm 11.20)
The proper preparation of substances is emphasized. For example, the Rasendracūḍāmaṇi describes how to make ash of gold, which, if properly prepared can be used to treat several serious diseases:
That ash (properly) obtained from gold, administered with two guñja (ca 24 mg) of black pepper and clarified butter destroys exhaustion because of low digestion, dyspnoea, cough and lack of appetite when imbibed. It increases the body’s vital element (ojodhātu), gives strength, removes anaemia and enhances virility. It removes all kinds of poisons and toxins and cures chronic intestinal disorders, etc. (Rcūm 14.23)
On the other hand, there are plenty of warnings about using substances that are not prepared correctly, since the use of raw, unprocessed materials would cause diseases. For example, the Rasaratnākara (ca 15th c., RRĀ) notes that
(s)ilver that has not been purified and calcined decreases lifespan, semen and strength and causes the outbreak of disease. Hence, purified silver should be calcined by the wise. (RRĀ 1.8.)
Warnings about not using unprocessed substances are later picked up in ayurvedic literature. Indeed, the concept of having to process and especially purify (śodhana) materials before their use first occurs in ayurvedic texts around the eleventh century, clearly as a result of engagement with alchemical thought. Later medical works, such as the Śārṅgadharasaṃhitā (ca 13th c.), the Bhāvaprakāśa (16th c.) and the Yogaratnākara (18th c.), quote or paraphrase the earlier alchemical works’ descriptions of the medical actions of substances, procedures for processing materials, and recipes.
While later medical works freely adopt materials from alchemical texts and vice versa, intertextuality between early alchemical works and medical works is rare. In fact, there seems to be only one clear instance of an early alchemical work quoting an ayurvedic work: The Rasārṇava, an alchemical text that dates to about the twelfth century, repeats a verse from the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (AH) and the Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha (AS), classic works of Ayurveda from about the seventh century. The same verse is also found in the fifteenth-century alchemical work Rasaratnasamuccaya. It reads as follows:
The depleted tissues of the body of one who eats shilajit, honey, false black pepper, clarified butter, iron, chebulic myrobalan, mercury, and pyrites are replenished within fifteen nights like the moon.
(AH Uttarasthāna 39.36, AS Uttarasthāna 49.392, Rasārṇava 18.14; Rasaratnasamuccaya 26.13. A similar verse is found in Rasahṛdayatantra 19.19-20)
In the medical works, the verse is found in the section on ‘rasāyana’, i.e., rejuvenation and vitalisation therapies. In the Rasārṇava, it is part of the final section of the work in which the transmutation of the practitioner’s body through the intake of the elixir is described: a process called ‘dehavedha’ in the Rasārṇava and ‘rasāyana’ in other alchemical works. And here, aside from the quotation, we can see a deeper connection between the medical and alchemical worlds.
In Ayurveda, rasāyana is one of eight traditional subject areas of medical knowledge. Most pre-modern Sanskrit medical works dedicate a section to rasāyana therapy: treatments that are meant to counter the effects of ageing and to prolong life. Medical rasāyana consists of a series of therapeutic interventions that begin with various purgative treatments for inner cleansing, followed by a period of recovery and a specific dietary regimen and concluded by the main medical application: the intake of a tonic over a period of time. The expected results include better general health, rejuvenation, and a prolonged lifespan. In a few instances, the promised results are bolder and consumers of rasāyana tonics are promised an indefinite extension of lifespan and an indestructible body.
In alchemy, ‘rasāyana’ is the culmination of the alchemical process. It involves preparing the practitioner’s body for the intake of the elixir, the final concoction of the elixir, its intake, and the subsequent transformation of the practitioner. The procedures employed in alchemical rasāyana period closely resembles the rasāyana of the medical treatises, especially in the preparations preceding the intake of the tonic or elixir. There is an overlap in the concept of inner cleansing, in the substances used for purging, and in the accompanying dietary advice. Also, procedures in both medical and alchemical rasāyana can span long periods of time. The main difference between the two lies in the aims, medical rasāyana being predominantly therapeutic, alchemical rasāyana having spiritual aims. But even here, there are parallels, since alchemical elixirs are also described as eradicating disease and prolonging life, and medical tonics are in some cases ascribed with providing superhuman powers.
It seems quite obvious that alchemical rasāyana was modelled on the general structure of the much older medical rasāyana. Here, we have a trajectory from medicine to alchemy. But the relationship between medicine and alchemy went both ways, with Ayurveda integrating alchemy’s iatrochemical knowledge and Rasashastra emphasising its medical elements more and more, to the point where a sharp distinction between medical and alchemical literature becomes difficult. The interaction of Ayurveda and Rasashastra over time has been intimate and multi-layered. To study one discipline without the other is therefore to miss what is in fact a deeply entangled history of divergent and intersecting concerns, goals and technologies.
Title:
Ayurveda and alchemy
© Ayuryog 2015 - University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 2, Hof 2.1 & Hof 2.7 (Campus), 1090 Wien | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Ian Watt (disambiguation)
Ian Watt (1917–1999), was an English-born literary critic.
Ian Watt may refer to:
* Ian Watt (public servant), Australian public service departmental head
* Ian Watt (footballer), Scottish footballer, see 2011–12 Berwick Rangers F.C. season | WIKI |
Classical Mythology/Reading/Hesiod Theogony 190-206
And so soon as Kronos had cut off Ouranos's testicles with flint and cast them from the land into the surging sea, they were swept away over the ocean a long time: and a white foam spread around them from the immortal flesh, and in it there grew a maiden.
First she drew near holy Cythera, and from there, afterwards, she came to sea-girt Cyprus, and came forth an awful and lovely goddess, and grass grew up about her beneath her shapely feet. Her gods and men call Aphrodite, and the foam-born goddess and rich-crowned Cytherea, because she grew amid the foam, and Cytherea because she reached Cythera, and Cyprogenes because she was born in billowy Cyprus, and Philommedes because she sprang from testicles.
And with her went Eros, and comely Desire followed her at her birth at the first and as she went into the assembly of the gods. This honor she has from the beginning, and this is the portion allotted to her amongst men and undying gods, -- the whisperings of maidens and smiles and deceits with sweet delight and love and graciousness.
Hesiod, Theogony 155-190 | WIKI |
Tag - khmer website design
Which Hosting To Go??
Hello all today Khmer CMS will show you some tips about how to choose to web hosting that suitable to your website. And which is the best company for you to host your site. There are too many web hosting companies around the world now. Those company include free hosting and paid hosting, but the best way you should use the paid one, because the free hosting some time make your site down and have a lot ads on and no supporting.
Why we should use paid hosting?
Paid hosting has a lot of advantages over the free hosting. Firstly you will get more useful features with paid hosting. You will get better support available when you need, most of companies they support 24/7 that make you easy to solve problem on your services. We can say that paid hosting will have much faster speed for your site than free hosting. The important thing is that paid hosting you won’t have to display a ads banner on each page from the hosting company. For today the hosting packages just start from around $2.99 per month and this price there is no reason why you shouldn’t go with paid hosting. The second simple way is to concern that which operating system that you want to use on your website. Now day we have two offering operating system Linux Hosting and Windows Hosting. In general now most of the people they use Linux Hosting, because most of them use open source CMS like Wordpress, Drupal, Joomla, and other CMS technologies for your businesses. For Windows Hosting use for those who is running their programming with Microsoft technologies like ASP.Net, C++, C# and other. But this time Khmer CMS should recommend you to use Linux Hosting for your business, because Linux Hosting provide you a lot free script and CMS technologies and you have a lot of tool to take care on your site. Linux Server run faster and more secure than Windows Server. To consider when choosing is the list of feature that hosting offer is the final thing. Today really easy for those who want to find the hosting and the price really competing. They really provide more feature on their packages. As you is not a programmer then please find the hosting that have a free site builder tools and offer as a free domain names. You need to compare with a number of hosting to see what the is the differences feature that they offer with their plans. The technical to consider are:
1. The amount of disk space available to your site
2. How much monthly of bandwidth you need
3. Number of email account
4. Free customer support 24/7
5. Free cms tools and other…
Also check if they have additional services that they include in their plans for examples like daily data backup, PHP programming support, as this is a quickly becoming a best web programming language for web programmers. In conclusion you choose paid hosting and a hosting with Linux Hosting and compare the packages befor you buy.
Here is a collection of places you can buy bitcoin online right now. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
File:Arthur-Hansel-label.jpg
Summary
photo by David Macfarlane, of maker's label in guitar in my possession. Photo made with Nikon Coolpix 800 camera with flash, on July 14, 2006. | WIKI |
Article
Sensitive isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative analysis of bumetanide in serum and brain tissue
Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (Impact Factor: 2.69). 02/2011; 879(13-14):998-1002. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.02.018
Source: PubMed
ABSTRACT We have developed and validated a simple and sensitive stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of bumetanide in human serum. Samples were prepared with a simple acetonitrile based protein precipitation. The supernatant was then analyzed directly using LC-MS/MS. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 reversed phase column using a methanol and water gradient. The detection was performed in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode via a positive electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. The method had a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1 ng/mL, linearity up to 1250 ng/mL, intra- and inter-day precision less than 10%, and accuracy within ±10%. This method was also demonstrated to be suitable for the analysis of bumetanide in rat serum and brain tissue. Bumetanide concentrations in rat serum and brain were determined for samples collected at several intervals following intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of bumetanide, and were used to calculate bumetanide permeability through the blood-brain barrier.
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• "In addition to having a diuretic effect in the kidney, inhibiting NKCC1 activity with bumetanide could act in the brain to reduce the sympathetic drive (Li et al., 2011). "
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ABSTRACT: Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, and kidney failure. However, the etiology of hypertension in most patients is poorly understood. Increased sympathetic drive emanating from the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a major role in the development of hypertension. Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter-1 (NKCC1) in the brain is critically involved in maintaining chloride homeostasis and in neuronal responses mediated by GABA(A) receptors. Here we present novel evidence that the GABA reversal potential (E(GABA)) of PVN presympathetic neurons undergoes a depolarizing shift that diminishes GABA inhibition in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Inhibition of NKCC1, but not KCC2, normalizes E(GABA) and restores GABA inhibition of PVN neurons in SHRs. The mRNA and protein levels of NKCC1, but not KCC2, in the PVN are significantly increased in SHRs, and the NKCC1 proteins on the plasma membrane are highly glycosylated. Inhibiting NKCC1 N-glycosylation restores E(GABA) and GABAergic inhibition of PVN presympathetic neurons in SHRs. Furthermore, NKCC1 inhibition significantly reduces the sympathetic vasomotor tone and augments the sympathoinhibitory responses to GABA(A) receptor activation in the PVN in SHRs. These findings suggest that increased NKCC1 activity and glycosylation disrupt chloride homeostasis and impair synaptic inhibition in the PVN to augment the sympathetic drive in hypertension. This information greatly improves our understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertension and helps to design better treatment strategies for neurogenic hypertension.
The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience 06/2012; 32(25):8560-8. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1346-12.2012 · 6.75 Impact Factor
• British dental journal 08/2006; 201(1):61. DOI:10.1038/sj.bdj.4813815 · 1.08 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A rapid, selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay has been proposed for the determination of bumetanide in human plasma using tamsulosin as internal standard (IS). The analyte and IS were extracted from 200 μL of human plasma via solid phase extraction and the chromatographic separation was achieved on Peerless Basic C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) column under isocratic conditions. Detection of bumetanide and IS was done by tandem mass spectrometry, operating in positive ionization and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition mode. The protonated precursor to product ion transitions monitored for bumetanide and IS were m/z 365.2→240.2 and 409.2→228.2 respectively. The method was fully validated as per the US FDA guidelines. The limit of detection and lower limit of quantitation of the method were 0.03 and 0.30 ng/mL respectively with a linear dynamic range of 0.30-200.0 ng/mL for bumetanide. The intra-batch and inter-batch precision (% CV) was ≤6.9% while the mean extraction recovery was >90% across quality control levels. The method is selective in presence of four diuretic drugs and some commonly used medications by healthy volunteers. It was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of 2mg bumetanide tablet formulation in 10 healthy Indian male subjects under fasting condition. The reproducibility in the measurement of study data was demonstrated by reanalysis of 42 incurred samples.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 03/2012; 66:365-70. DOI:10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.018 · 2.83 Impact Factor
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xdemorse (2.9-4) unstable; urgency=medium * QA upload. * Bumped DH level to 10. * debian/control: bumped Standards-Version to 3.9.8. * debian/copyright: updated the packaging copyright years. * debian/menu: dropped in compliance with CTTE #741573. * debian/watch: bumped to version 4. * debian/xdemorse.doc-base: renamed to doc-base. * debian/xdemorse.manpages: renamed to manpages. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Thu, 13 Oct 2016 21:21:00 -0300 xdemorse (2.9-3) unstable; urgency=medium * QA upload. * Check for unversioned automake binary, too. (Closes: #792048) -- Andreas Beckmann Sat, 18 Jul 2015 16:50:58 +0200 xdemorse (2.9-2) unstable; urgency=medium * QA upload. * Upload to unstable. * Using autoreconf. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Wed, 06 May 2015 10:45:45 -0300 xdemorse (2.9-1) experimental; urgency=medium * QA upload. * New upstream release. * debian/copyright: - Updated the packaging and upstream copyright years. - Using the correct short name for GPL-3. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Sun, 22 Mar 2015 22:30:21 -0300 xdemorse (2.8-1) experimental; urgency=medium * QA upload. * New upstream release. * Bumped Standards-Version to 3.9.6. * debian/copyright: updated the packaging copyright list. * debian/patches/show_flags: removed because the upstream fixed the code. * debian/rules: added the DEB_BUILD_MAINT_OPTIONS variable to fix the issues pointed by blhc. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Sun, 30 Nov 2014 00:11:23 -0200 xdemorse (2.7-1) unstable; urgency=medium * QA upload. * New upstream release. * The upstream fixed several problems (thanks to Neoklis). Consequently: - These files and directories were removed: - debian/desktop/ - debian/examples - debian/install - debian/patches/* - debian/xdemorserc: removed. - debian/rules: - removed the LDFLAGS line. - removed the override_dh_clean target. - updated the override_dh_auto_configure target. * debian/copyright: updated the upstream copyright years. * debian/patches/show_flags: created to avoid an "overriden flags" action by GCC when compiling. * debian/dirs: added to create some directories. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Fri, 21 Mar 2014 12:10:25 -0300 xdemorse (2.6-2) unstable; urgency=medium * QA upload. * debian/patches/conf_file: added to discard the individual configuration file (.xdemorserc) copy to user home. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Sun, 09 Mar 2014 03:09:01 -0300 xdemorse (2.6-1) unstable; urgency=medium * QA upload. * New upstream release. * debian/control: - Added autotools-dev, intltool and libasound2-dev in Build-Depends field. - Bumped Standards-Version from 3.9.4 to 3.9.5. - New short and long descriptions. - Updated Homepage field. * debian/copyright: - Upgraded to 1.0 format. - Updated upstream and packaging copyright years. - Updated upstream e-mail address. - Upstream using GPL-3+ now. * debian/desktop: created to gather the files used to provide a desktop menu entry. * debian/dirs: removed because the package is using autotools and, consequently, the file is useless now. * debian/examples: added to install debian/xdemorserc file. * debian/install: created to install the files used to provide a desktop menu entry. * debian/menu: added an icon reference. * debian/patches/: - changelog: added to point exactly to file indicated by the upstream. - debian-changes-1.3-6: removed because it is useless. - link_libm.patch: updated to be compliant with the new upstream release. - main.c: fix a typo. Thanks to Jonas Stein by bug report. (Closes: #633542) - POTFILES.{in,skip}: created to list files to be treated or ignored by gettext system. - sound.c: fix an error that breaks the compilation when using GCC hardening. * debian/rules: - Added the --parallel option. - Added 'LDFLAGS += -Wl,--as-needed' line to avoid linking useless libraries to the binary. - Updated to use autotools to build package. * debian/watch: fixed. * debian/xdemorse.1: fixed a spelling error in manpage (s/informations/information). * debian/xdemorse.doc-base: added to reference /usr/share/doc/xdemorse.html. * debian/xdemorserc: added as an example of the sound configuration file. -- Joao Eriberto Mota Filho Wed, 05 Mar 2014 01:17:30 -0300 xdemorse (1.3-7) unstable; urgency=low * QA upload. * Link against libm. (Closes: #713771). * Update watch file. (Closes: #640203). * Move buildsystem to simple dh style. * Bump debhelper build-dep and compat to 9. * Bump Standards Version to 3.9.4. -- Barry deFreese Thu, 04 Jul 2013 12:49:59 -0400 xdemorse (1.3-6) unstable; urgency=low * QA upload * migrate to source version 3.0: - added debian/source - for the moment leave old patches in debian-changes-1.3-6 * added manpage provided by François Wendling . Thanks a lot to François! (closes: #603398). * Standards-Version 3.9.1 (no change) * debian/rules: - dh_clean -k => dh_prep - some cleanup -- Ralf Treinen Sat, 27 Nov 2010 08:55:35 +0100 xdemorse (1.3-5) unstable; urgency=low * Retiring - set the package maintainer to Debian QA Group. -- Joop Stakenborg Sat, 07 Nov 2009 08:32:33 +0000 xdemorse (1.3-4) unstable; urgency=low * Fix FTBFS on hurd-i386, patch by Samuel Thibault. Closes: #510604. -- Joop Stakenborg Sat, 03 Jan 2009 20:43:26 +0100 xdemorse (1.3-3) unstable; urgency=low * Install default/.xdemorserc as xdemorserc in the package documentation directory. * Also chmod +x for a couple of other scripts in the base directory. -- Joop Stakenborg Sat, 03 Jan 2009 16:51:45 +0100 xdemorse (1.3-2) unstable; urgency=low * Fix FTBFS. Thanks Kurt Roeckx for reporting. Closes: #510135. -- Joop Stakenborg Sat, 03 Jan 2009 16:10:35 +0100 xdemorse (1.3-1) unstable; urgency=low * Initial release (Closes: #508882). -- Joop Stakenborg Wed, 17 Dec 2008 18:21:44 +0100 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Planet Renderer – Week 2: Basic OpenGL Framework
Gif showing icosphere subdivision program in opengl c++
This week I have implemented a basic OpenGL framework for future application of the planet renderer. It can be found on Github, which will be frequently be updated to keep track of the progress of the rendering tech.
I reused a bunch of (modified) code from the OpenGL Framework I wrote last spring, without actually writing the project inside in order to avoid making the techdemo unnecessarily complex. The goal afterall is implementing a techdemo that has the necessary code for rendering planets and nothing more, so that it is easy to identify the code necessary. It will always be possible to transfer the project into a more game friendly engine.
So for now, the framework contains the following components:
• A shader class that combines all shader types and handles loading and simple preprocessing of .glsl files
• An input manager
• a transform class that contains basic model-world matrix transformations and information about position rotation and scale of an object
• a camera class that handles view and projection matrices
• opengl and sdl initialisation, a main loop
• window, time and settings information
• a scene handling all important objects
By necessity I will probably also add sprite rendering for post processing with framebuffers and bitmap text rendering.
I also took the opportunity to test the generation of icospheres directly in the framework, the process of which I outlined in my last post. In a first step, the 12 vertices are generated using the golden ratio, and then the triangles are subdivided, with the vertices generated being extended out to follow the radius of the ideal sphere.c++ program for the recursive subdivsion of triangles in a sphere for planet rendering
The nice thing about this approach is that it allows stopping the recursion depending on a different hueristic than being below the maximum level. As an example, the distance from the camera and the visibility in the viewport could be used. 😉 For actual planet rendering, the entire thing should be placed in some sort of tree hierachy, but for now this works.
I also tested the real time updating of the vertex buffer with the most simple approach (simply rebinding it). When changing the buffer, actually recursively generating the geometry takes the longest time. When taking out this step (while still rebinding the vertex buffer), I was able to send nearly a million triangles to the GPU (NVidia Quadro K3100M, Intel i7-4700MQ) at around 180fps. Without rebinding the buffer those triangles ran at around 550 fps. I was quite impressed with the amount of data I was able to push to the gpu, by an extension of these measurments I could probably send one triangle per pixel to the gpu every frame and stay above 60fps.runtime updates opengl vertex buffer binding planet rendering program
Of course, spending all of the performance on streaming vertices is less than ideal, since in a real world application a lot more calculations need to be done apart from terrain generation (not to mention actually generating the vertex data which was not done every frame here). It is defenitly not necessary to have one triangle represent every pixel though. If every triangle covers a 5- 10 pixel square it should still be enough to represent curves rather nicely, and for areas that do not form silhouttes from the camera perspective even less vertex detail is necessary since a lot can be done with nice shaders and textures.
On top of that, most modern algorithms I have been researching for terrain rendering use some approach that is hybrid of performing LOD calculations and having patches of precalculated data as a form of minimizing the amount of bandwidth that is used. This is done because, as I demonstrated earlier, the main performance killer is not having a lot of triangles on screen, but sending a lot of them from the cpu to the gpu, and having predefined patches is an effective way of reducing the amount of data that needs to be sent (for instance with an index list). It is not inconcievable to even generate low level details with a geometry or tesselation shader on the gpu to minimize that effect where it doesnt affect things like collision anymore.
I have noticed that there are two ways of dealing with low resolution details. The first is putting a lot of terrain data into paged files on the harddrive and streaming in the necessary data when the resolution is needed, and the second is procedural generation. Since I am researching planet renering for the usage in games, holding detailed information about entire planets is probably an impractical solution to persue, since a lot of game applications will require moving between a multitude of planets, and storing all that data will be likely to be inconvenient for both users and developers. Therefore it seems more adequate to either generate the planets completely procedurally or have some low resolution data and use procedural refinement at lower altitudes. This doesnt throw low resolution data completely out of the window, since it might still be useful to be able to add detailed modifications in specific positions (though a lot of that could be achieved by loading specific meshes at certain distances).
On the side of generating the geometry in real time, a lot can be done to minimize the amount of time the cpu is busy with that. The most important one is actually keeping all the generated data in a tree structure and only updating the tree when the camera is moved. Also all triangles that are not in the viewport can be culled (including their children). This can be checked by transforming their positions with the viewProjection matrix into the screen coordinate system. The second form of culling can be done by checking if a triangle is backfacing from the camera perspective, a simple dot product will suffice to check this.
Lastly an interesting trick used in the ROAM algorithm is queueing pointers to triangles that are to be split in a list sorted by their priority, and triangle children that are to be merged in another queue. This way, the subdivision level of the triangle will only change by one subdivision per frame, and it limits the amount of calculations done and changes pushed. As a result it will prevent spikes in calculation time during rapid camera movement.
The research I have done mainly served as a reminder how complex this topic can get, but I have found some general rules for my approach:
• Limit the amount of geometry to recalculate by caching data in a tree hierachy and only allowing one subdivision change per frame
• Cull invisible triangles at the parent position in their tree structure
• maximum triangle resulution needed is a square of 5 px
• stop using LOD at a higher resolution and patch the in between space with non LOD dependant methods
• Dont page an entire planet in memory, rather refine the terrain procedurally
• Possibly only resend changed parts of the vertex information to the gpu
• additional quality improvement is still possble with shaders and meshes on top afterwards.
I hope this post summarizes the progress I made since last week nicely.
Author: Robert Lindner
I am a German-English Game Developer with a focus on Graphics Programming. I love finding out how things work and visualizing them in a creative way using computer technology. My interest in Computer Graphics came up when I started creating 3D art using Blender in 2008. Since I also learned programming in secondary school and tought myself digital painting, I moved to Belgium to study a Bachelor in Digital Arts and Entertainment. After a year of projects in both film and video games I started focusing on Graphics programming, as I wanted to do something that requires both logical and creative thinking.
7 thoughts on “Planet Renderer – Week 2: Basic OpenGL Framework”
1. Hi Robert,
Been working towards what you have done for few years now but with month in between the tries 🙂 Thanks for this blogg, it’s really helping me getting closer to my goal. I implemented frustum culling yesterday and now im looking into the big FPS drop I got from it. I use DirectX compare to you that uses OpenGL.
I’m runing on an internal Graphic card, intel 620 or something like that, right now Im mapping, unmapping the vertexbuffer after having updated the geometry. and I do like 4 subdivisions right now.
30FPS seems really low for sending 15360 triangles to the GPU, This low FPS only occurs ofc when I move the camera around and the geomtry needs to be updated. Just cant get my head around what is causing the big drop in FPS compared to your tests.
Any ideas or pointers are much appreciated
Best Regards
Johan
1. Hi Johan,
have you been using the CDLOD method that I wrote about in later blog posts, or simple triangle recursion? Triangle recursion had really bad performance for me too, which is why I implemented CDLOD for triangles in a tree structure.
If you have implemented that, I would say it sounds like your GPU has a hard time dealing with high dynamic vertex throughput (unsurprisingly for integrated graphics). You could try playing around with different vertex streaming methods.
I would definitly try increasing the size of patches, larger patches would mean less instances need to be sent to the GPU dynamically.
Did you use a graphics debugger to check the timings? Might help identify the bottleneck.
1. Hi, thanks for the fast reply
The plan for tonight is to check with a graphics debugger and see, but I when I remove the recursive recalculations it runs very smooth, which should mean, if Im correct that the mapping and unmapping isn’t the issue and that the recalculations is. I haven’t implementet the CDLOD yet, I’m taking it step by step since I’m learning c++ at the same time. It’s part of the plan in the end, might look into that sooner then I thought 🙂 I’m also not back culling right now but thats more cause I thought my CPU could handle 15000 vertices without issues which doesn’t seem to be the case.
I haven’t implemented a patch system, which from my understanding is several vertexbuffers instead of one big, and you decide which ones to send to the GPU instead of sending them in one big buffer correct?
Thanks in advance
Johan
1. I think actually if you are using simple recursion for the planet then there is no point in using a graphics debugger, because your bottleneck is probably not the GPU but the CPU.
Think about it, your CPU basically has to generate 15000 vertices and their higher subdivisions every time you move the camera, and for each of those there are about 50 lines of code (horrible measure but I couldn’t bother counting the instructions accurately, it proves the point). After that it still needs to actually upload all those triangles to the GPU, and then render them. I don’t think you will ever get good performance that way, you will need to implement some optimisation for terrain rendering eventually (I didn’t have good performance on a dedicated GPU either until I did this).
Back-culling will be a good first step I suspect, because if you’re already frustum culling I suspect more than half of the triangles will be in the back and therefore invisible.
The patch system is part of CDLOD, think of it as instead of rendering individual triangles you render instances of large triangle patches which have subtriangles, which are morphed into the correct shape by the GPU.
These patches are basically pre-subdivided triangles which you generate once and then never have to calculate again.
For example if your camera angle dictated that you need around 200.000 triangles on the screen in order to make the terrain look good, if you had to generate all of those every frame on the CPU your computer would crash and burn. But you could have patches which are subdivided 5 times, which means every patch contains 4^5 (1024) triangles. This means your CPU would only need to calculate the positions of 200 patches, and leave the rest of the calculations for morphing those patches into the correct shape to the GPU.
And you can balance this perfectly for your system, for instance if you notice your CPU is still the bottleneck you could increase the amount of subdivisions per patch to 6, making each patch contain ~4000 triangles so your CPU would only calculate 50 patches. (Your GPU will do 4 times the work instead, but they are good for parallel processing to it will be way more efficient to do it there).
All this can be done in a single drawcall if you use instancing.
1. Will start to look into this right away tonight, always nice to learn something new 😀 I’m using your code as guidelines and ideas while building the rendering framework for the planet
Thanks alot for your help
2. Last question only,
“The patch system is part of CDLOD, think of it as instead of rendering individual triangles you render instances of large triangle patches which have subtriangles, which are morphed into the correct shape by the GPU.
These patches are basically pre-subdivided triangles which you generate once and then never have to calculate again.”
Are you using shaders to morph them into the right shape?
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Talk:Geophysics
Suggestions
In my opinion meteorology and oceanography are treated as independent subjects, closely related to, but not part of geophysics. Knowledge and research have become so immense, that they warrant a discipline of their own. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:01, 15 August 2003 (UTC)
* I'm not sure who wrote the preceding paragraph, but I disagree. If geophysics is going to be holistic and include space physics, then it will need to include meteorology and physical oceanography. DoctorTerrella (talk) 16:43, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* If meteorology will be included in geophysics then there won't be need for astrophysics in my own opinion Davon Multimedia (talk) 16:52, 21 July 2022 (UTC)
Yes and no. The theoretical side of atmospheric science is treated as a classic example of geophysical fluid dynamics- i.e. the application of the physics of fluids to the Earth system. In that sense, the theoretical side of meteorology is very much a branch of geophysics. However, meteorology and oceanograpy are also independent subjects and should (and do) have their own entries. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ferdblivid (talk • contribs) 16:02, 3 June 2006 (UTC)
I suggest the following scheme:
Geophysics, the study of the earth by quantitative physical methods.
- Geophysics of the Atmosphere (Meteorology, climatology, upper air physics) o Atmospheric electricity and terrestrial magnetism (including ionosphere and Van Allen belt) o Meteorology and Climatology, which both involve studies of the weather. o Aeronomy, the study of the physical structure and chemistry of the atmosphere. - Geophysics of the oceans o Physical Oceanography - Geophysics of the solid Earth + Pure Geophysics o Seismology (earthquakes and elastic waves) o Gravity and geodesy (the earth's gravitational field and the size and form of the earth) o Geomagnetism (diurnal variations, dynamo theories) o Geothermometry (heating of the earth, heat flow, volcanology, and hot springs) o Hydrology and glaciology (ground water, surface water and ice) o Tectonophysics (dynamic processes in the earth) + Applied geophysics (exploration and engineering geophysics) o Seismics o electrical and electromagnetic methods o gravity exploration o magnetic exploration o radioactivity o Geophysical Engineering o geomatics (applied geodesy) o mineral physics
(Hans Erren 12:53, 31 August 2006 (UTC)) ---
* I'm not sure why everyone keeps skipping over GPS, and GIS. GPS is the mapping of the shape of the Earth and position of things on the planet using electromagnetic methods. The GPS signal is an electromagnetic field propagating through the atmosphere, it's accuracy is based on atmospheric density and the changing electromagnetic properties within the atmosphere based on weather, as well as reflection of the signal at the ground level. GIS is a form of computational geophysics to track and map large position related datasets. Both GPS and GIS are a geophysical invention. They should both be included as geophysics study. There are no forms of geophysics that are not related to positional accuracy, so GIS is a cornerstone of geophysics, and yet it isn't mentioned.
* 3D GIS is also a geophysical invention based on subsurface sampling and position of interpreted or measured physical properties that were determined using geophysical methods where location and depth was the primary objective. Both GIS and 3D GIS were developed by geophysicists trying to make sense of survey findings and to present these findings. RMCaron (talk) 15:25, 25 January 2023 (UTC)
Some suggestions: - Include Teluric (MT, AMT,...) as an EM method into pure geophysics of the solid earth. - I think mineral physics should read minerals/rock physics and is also part of "pure" geophysics
In general I think we should say good-bye to the split between pure(theoretical) and applied geophysics. Some of the applied methods use more theoretical background than the classic/pure geophysicist can handle...
I also think oceanography and meteorology should be mentioned but have their own "main page". — Preceding unsigned comment added by PewdH (talk • contribs) 10:32, 30 December 2006 (UTC)
Other fields and related disciplines
I see that someone has been adding to this section and would like to share my thoughts on how I'd like this page to develop. I added the sections Physical Phenomena and Regions of the Earth with the following goals in mind: I reorganized the old material, putting most of it in The magnetosphere, Other fields and related disciplines and Methods of geophysics. I have been tempted to phase out Other fields and related disciplines as the material gets covered in other sections. But perhaps it might be useful to keep it as a description of how geophysics is organized in societies like AGU and IUGG. I'd be interested to hear what other editors think of my overall plan. RockMagnetist (talk) 13:52, 9 December 2010 (UTC)
* 1) In Physical Phenomena, emphasize the physics to show what makes it geophysics.
* 2) In Regions of the Earth, describe applications to the solid Earth, hydrosphere, cryosphere, etc. (still a lot to do here!)
* 3) Pack in as many links to relevant pages as possible.
Regions of the Earth vs what might be in this particular article
Certainly, the regions of the Earth are important (in an abstract sense), but would the section on "Regions of the Earth" more properly be in the Wikipedia article on the "Earth" itself? I ask because this article on "Geophysics" could rapidly become very big if we try to fill out the "regions of the Earth". We might choose to simply constrain this particular article on "Geophysics" to what geophysics is about, which are presently listed in the section of "Physical Phenomena". What do people think? DoctorTerrella (talk) 17:42, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* The point is to show the how instead of the what. For example, Structure of the Earth Interior is more about seismology and gravity than about the interior itself. The section could also be called "Applications", I suppose. RockMagnetist (talk) 19:08, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* "Domains" studied by geophysicists. I suspect you like that word. DoctorTerrella (talk) 19:41, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* Actually, I'm not familiar with its use in geophysics. RockMagnetist (talk) 19:46, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* Magnetic domain, as in rock magnetism. I'm agreeing with the sentiment of your comments. DoctorTerrella (talk) 19:52, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* Oh, right. That was obtuse of me! RockMagnetist (talk) 20:24, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* By the way, I agree with your concern about the potential for this article to get too big. I think the connection to the applications is needed, so the treatment will have to be very concise. Where a main article for a subject exists, Summary style can be used. RockMagnetist (talk) 20:33, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* To supplement what I said above - I particularly like the example of the Earth's interior because it pulls in so many different areas - gravity, seismology, mineral physics, thermal physics, fluid mechanics, and so on. RockMagnetist (talk) 19:48, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* The problem is this: The Wikipedia page Earth is already very nice. (For some reason, not open to editing, but that may be a different issue.) Given that that page already summarizes the Earth's interior, tectonic surface, hydrosphere, atmosphere, etc. I wonder whether (not a pun) we need to try to reproduce it on this page. We might just summarize it, possibly with one paragraph? I'm sure that the Wikipedia culture would frown upon simply copying those sections in Earth to this article on Geophysics. DoctorTerrella (talk) 14:49, 10 August 2014 (UTC)
* About Earth: It is a featured article, which means it is recognized as one of Wikipedia's best. It is semi-protected, probably because it is frequently vandalized. You need to be autoconfirmed to edit it; at the time you wrote the above message, your account hadn't existed the requisite 4 days. Now you should be able to edit it. RockMagnetist (talk) 23:30, 11 August 2014 (UTC)
* Thank you. DoctorTerrella (talk) 23:37, 11 August 2014 (UTC)
* About "reproducing" Earth: To repeat what I said above, the sections in Regions of the Earth are about the how, not the what. If you compare them, you'll see there is little overlap between Structure of the interior and the Internal structure section of Earth, or even Structure of the Earth. I think such a section is important because it shows how the different kinds of physics are combined to determine what we know. RockMagnetist (talk) 23:39, 11 August 2014 (UTC)
* Okay, I will consider your point more carefully. My apologies. 23:44, 11 August 2014 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by DoctorTerrella (talk • contribs)
Empty sections
I don't recommend putting in placeholders for sections unless they will soon be filled. Otherwise, it won't be long before a drive-by tagger will put an Empty section tag in each section. Better to edit the to do list at the top of this page. RockMagnetist (talk) 19:05, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
* Okay, I understand. ;-) DoctorTerrella (talk) 19:08, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
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suggestion for heat flow
heat flow, should also include, also describe,
how IR (infra red), although quickly absorbed, sequentially transfers heat upward, via higher-to-lower temperature 'osmosis', soto speak (sorry, i did biology first) ... when higher temperature materials deeper down, generate more IR from pressure, but are not heated FROM other IR as easily, whereas when the cooler stuff higher up, can be heated up more easily, rather than IR being LESS likely to cause FURTHER heat increase (more agitated are more affected by collision forces ... rather than cooler/near zero temperature material being atomically, still, and YET, to become when then hot, less easily agitated FURTHER, from IR, whereas collisive forces (further pressure, rapid mixing (not the case in magma/mantle) , etc , does - a lab-mixing-tube-spinner) do...
... so,.. as, IR is sequentially more penetrating of also LESS DENSE earth above it, IR does get through, not the whole crust!!... but through however-thick an amount, but since that continues to happen sequentially-UPWARD...
and CONSTANTLY, it never stops,
IR can be said to ALSO, be a part of the heat flow, "a contributor" if i remember correctly, to the lower minimums, rather than hot-spot maximums, etc
Vurrath (talk) 07:51, 7 August 2018 (UTC)
Suggested new subsection
The article has left out the rotation of the earth, and all its complexities, as a subject of geophysics. Bdushaw (talk) 01:54, 19 February 2019 (UTC)
* Yes, rotation should definitel be in there. Thank you for pointing that out. RockMagnetist(talk) 16:13, 21 February 2019 (UTC)
Min Phys section
The discussion of water seems out of place in the mineral physics section. Certainly water can be an important aspect in mineral physics, but the present discussion if very off topic. Yllwblckrctnglr (talk) 22:49, 29 January 2021 (UTC)
Wiki Education assignment: ERTH 4303 Resources of the Earth
— Assignment last updated by Starkrobin (talk) 19:17, 1 March 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Houdini 19.0 Nodes TOP nodes
File Pattern TOP node
Creates work items based on files that match a certain pattern.
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This node generates a work item for each file or directory name that matches a pattern in a directory or all sub-directories. This node also has two modes for generating work items, and which mode it uses is determined by the Split Files into Separate Items parameter.
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directory
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extension
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filename
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Match only directories.
All
Match both files and directories.
Pattern
Specifies the path to start searching in as well as the pattern to match. For example, $PDG_DIR/geo/*.bgeo would look in the geo directory inside the project working directory and find all files ending in .bgeo.
Pattern allows wild cards such as ? (match any character), * (match any string of characters), and [abc] (match any one of the characters inside the square brackets). For example, *.png matches any file that ends with .png.
Pattern is always expanded on the machine where the network cooks, not on a remote host on the render farm. The expanded filenames should still be under the working directory in the shared network file system. This node will automatically convert local matched file paths to paths that are relative to the working directory.
Note
$F does not work like you would expect. The pattern expression is evaluated in the context of a work item, which has a particular frame value. Please use the File Range TOP node instead.
Recursive
When on, the node looks for matching filenames in sub-directories of the path specified by the Pattern parameter.
No Match Behavior
Determines what to do when the file pattern fails to match any files.
Ignore
Does not generate work items for missing files.
Set Node Error
Sets an error on the node.
Create Work Items
Creates a work item and sets an attribute indicating that it is missing.
File Exists Attribute
Specifies the name of the attribute to create on each work item which will indicate whether or not the file was found.
Work Items
Include Extensions in Filename Attribute
When this toggle is enabled the full filename including the extension is saved to an attribute on the work item. If the toggle is disabled only the base file name, without the an extension, is stored to the attribute.
Split Files into Separate Items
When on, the node creates separate work items for each matched name and stores the filename data in the attributes. This parameter is on by default. When off, the node creates one work item with the matching file paths set as the item’s output results. Turning off this parameter can be useful when the node you're wiring this node into operates on results data.
Inherit Upstream Work Item Index
When Split Files into Separate Items and this parameter are enabled, generated work items will inherit the upstream work item’s index. When this parameter is disabled and Split Files into Separate Items is enabled, the work item’s index is based on its file’s position within the list of discovered files.
Outputs
Output Attribute
By default, files that match the Pattern are stored as work item outputs. When this parameter is enabled, the files are instead stored to a file attribute with the specified name.
Output File Tag
When on, assigns this file tag to the output file paths. When off, the node guesses appropriate file tags based on filename extensions.
Copy File(s) to Working Directory
Indicates that the globbed files should be copied from their source location to the scheduler’s working directory when this work item cooks.
Enabling this toggle sets the pdg.attribFlag.Transfer attribute flag on the work item’s output file list.
Examples
FindFiles Example for File Pattern TOP node
This example demonstrates how to use File Pattern to load files using a match expression.
See also
TOP nodes | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
2020 ITU World Triathlon Series
The 2020 ITU World Triathlon Series was the 12th season of the World Triathlon Series, the top level international series for triathlon since its establishment in 2009. The season was originally scheduled to consist of seven pairs of triathlon races for both a men’s and women’s competition, as well as three mixed relays, beginning on March 7 in Abu Dhabi and concluding August 22nd with the Grand Final in Edmonton. Other notable events on the calendar included the Mixed Relay Olympic Qualifier in Chengdu on May 10 and the 2020 Summer Olympics, with the men’s and women’s individual events taking place on July 27 and 28th and the mixed relay event taking place on August 1.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there were several changes to the calendar, including the cancellation of multiple events and postponement of the 2020 Olympics. As a result, ITU made the decision to award World Championship titles at the last remaining event of the 2020 series, set to be held in Hamburg on September 5, 2020. Vincent Luis and Katie Zaferes entered the race as the defending champions from the 2019 Season. Luis would go on to defend his title, with Georgia Taylor-Brown winning the World Championship for the first time in her career.
Calendar
The 2020 ITU World Triathlon Series was planned to visit eight cities, including Tokyo for the 2020 Olympics.
COVID-19 Pandemic
Due to the growing uncertainty of COVID-19, ITU announced on February 26 that the Mixed Relay Olympic Qualification Event, which was originally set to be held in Chengdu, would be moved to Valencia. 3 days later, ITU postponed the World Triathlon events in Abu Dhabi indefinitely, with hopes of finding a new date in late March or April.
On March 14, 2020, ITU made the decision to suspend all activities until April 30, thus suspending all competitions, courses, camps and other events. All World and Olympic Qualification Rankings were frozen effective March 16th. In the official announcement, ITU president Marisol Casado stated: "This is a decision that is hard to take, and you can have my word that we are taking it with the health and safety of athletes, coaches, officials, facilitators, staff, volunteers and spectators, all the triathlon family, as the top priority. We are taking this decision convinced that we all have to take our part to prevent and stop the spread of the virus. It is our responsibility, as a society. And having our athletes, coaches, officials and staff travelling around the world at this challenging time is not something that we in World Triathlon are willing to risk." Following the postponement of several races, including multiple World Triathlon events and the Olympic Games, ITU made the decision on April 3 to extend its suspension of activities until June 30. As the pandemic progressed, an increasing number events went from postponements to cancellations, thus shortening the 2020 World Triathlon Season. On August 25, ITU announced that the 2020 World Triathlon Champions would be determined at the Hamburg World Triathlon Event, which was set to take place on September 5 after being postponed from July 11. In addition to hosting the sole World Triathlon Series event, Hamburg was set to host the World Triathlon Mixed Relay Championship on September 6. | WIKI |
Talk:Canadian Naval Ensign
Designs of jack & ensign swapped
I understand that the designs of the jack & ensign have swapped, as of today. I'll leave someone with a bit more time, and a more certain understanding of the situation, to tidy things up. Presumably the easiest is for this page to be renamed & reworded to refer to the ensign, and then it can be said that the national flag is now the jack. A reference is http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/story/2013/05/02/ns-navy-flag-ensign.html. - David Biddulph (talk) 09:27, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
Now that I read it more carefully, it's not until May 5th. More info at http://www.navy.forces.gc.ca/cms/3/3-a_eng.asp?category=7&id=936. - David Biddulph (talk) 09:30, 3 May 2013 (UTC)
* Agreed: I think it should be moved to Canadian Naval Ensign, which appears to be the new name of the flag according to the DND news release. But not until Sunday when the change goes into effect. Some major rewriting will be needed too, as you said. Indefatigable (talk) 01:16, 5 May 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
diff mbox series
[v2,4/4] nvme: decouple basic ANA log page re-read support from native multipathing
Message ID 20210415231530.95464-5-snitzer@redhat.com (mailing list archive)
State New
Headers show
Series nvme: improve error handling and ana_state to work well with dm-multipath | expand
Commit Message
Mike Snitzer April 15, 2021, 11:15 p.m. UTC
Whether or not ANA is present is a choice of the target implementation;
the host (and whether it supports multipathing) has _zero_ influence on
this. If the target declares a path as 'inaccessible' the path _is_
inaccessible to the host. As such, ANA support should be functional
even if native multipathing is not.
Introduce ability to always re-read ANA log page as required due to ANA
error and make current ANA state available via sysfs -- even if native
multipathing is disabled on the host (e.g. nvme_core.multipath=N).
This is achieved by factoring out nvme_update_ana() and calling it in
nvme_complete_rq() for all FAILOVER requests.
This affords userspace access to the current ANA state independent of
which layer might be doing multipathing. This makes 'nvme list-subsys'
show ANA state for all NVMe subsystems with multiple controllers. It
also allows userspace multipath-tools to rely on the NVMe driver for
ANA support while dm-multipath takes care of multipathing.
And as always, if embedded NVMe users do not want any performance
overhead associated with ANA or native NVMe multipathing they can
disable CONFIG_NVME_MULTIPATH.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
---
drivers/nvme/host/core.c | 2 ++
drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c | 16 +++++++++++-----
drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h | 4 ++++
3 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
diff mbox series
Patch
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/core.c b/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
index 10375197dd53..1c6dc3a6c24d 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
@@ -352,6 +352,8 @@ static void nvme_failup_req(struct request *req)
{
blk_status_t status = nvme_error_status(nvme_req(req)->status);
+ nvme_update_ana(req);
+
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!blk_path_error(status))) {
pr_debug("Request meant for failover but blk_status_t (errno=%d) was not retryable.\n",
blk_status_to_errno(status));
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c b/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
index a1d476e1ac02..7d94250264aa 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
@@ -65,23 +65,29 @@ void nvme_set_disk_name(char *disk_name, struct nvme_ns *ns,
}
}
-void nvme_failover_req(struct request *req)
+void nvme_update_ana(struct request *req)
{
struct nvme_ns *ns = req->q->queuedata;
u16 status = nvme_req(req)->status & 0x7ff;
- unsigned long flags;
-
- nvme_mpath_clear_current_path(ns);
/*
* If we got back an ANA error, we know the controller is alive but not
- * ready to serve this namespace. Kick of a re-read of the ANA
+ * ready to serve this namespace. Kick off a re-read of the ANA
* information page, and just try any other available path for now.
*/
if (nvme_is_ana_error(status) && ns->ctrl->ana_log_buf) {
set_bit(NVME_NS_ANA_PENDING, &ns->flags);
queue_work(nvme_wq, &ns->ctrl->ana_work);
}
+}
+
+void nvme_failover_req(struct request *req)
+{
+ struct nvme_ns *ns = req->q->queuedata;
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ nvme_mpath_clear_current_path(ns);
+ nvme_update_ana(req);
spin_lock_irqsave(&ns->head->requeue_lock, flags);
blk_steal_bios(&ns->head->requeue_list, req);
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h b/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
index 07b34175c6ce..4eed8536625c 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
@@ -664,6 +664,7 @@ void nvme_mpath_start_freeze(struct nvme_subsystem *subsys);
void nvme_set_disk_name(char *disk_name, struct nvme_ns *ns,
struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, int *flags);
void nvme_failover_req(struct request *req);
+void nvme_update_ana(struct request *req);
void nvme_kick_requeue_lists(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,struct nvme_ns_head *head);
void nvme_mpath_add_disk(struct nvme_ns *ns, struct nvme_id_ns *id);
@@ -714,6 +715,9 @@ static inline void nvme_set_disk_name(char *disk_name, struct nvme_ns *ns,
static inline void nvme_failover_req(struct request *req)
{
}
+static inline void nvme_update_ana(struct request *req)
+{
+}
static inline void nvme_kick_requeue_lists(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
{
} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Robert Wheatley (disambiguation)
Robert Wheatley is an Australian football player.
Robert Wheatley may also refer to:
* Robert Wheatley (MP) (died 1558), an English MP
* Robert Wheatley (governor), a Governor of Barbados | WIKI |
U.S. stocks open lower as energy sector weighs
U.S. stocks opened lower on Friday, following data that showed a higher-than-expected rise in consumer prices, while a drop in crude oil prices weighed on energy shares. The Dow Jones Industrial Average [S: DJIA] fell 30.47 points, or 0.2%, to 18,182.83, with Chevron Corp. [S: CVX] the biggest decliner on the day. The S&P 500 [S: SPX] fell 3.89 points, or 0.2%, to 2,143.19, with energy shares also weighing on the benchmark index. The Nasdaq Composite Index [S: ] fell 8.03 points, or 0.2%, to 5,240.52. Among the most active stocks of the day, U.S.-listed shares of Deutsche Bank [S: DB] shares tumbled 9% to $13.45 following U.S. Justice Department's demand that it pay $14 billion to settle a probe into its mortgage business. The bank pushed back against the size of the penalty, and said it had been asked to make a counter proposal. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Category:Films about higher education
Films about higher education, tertiary education leading to award of an academic degree. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Edgar West
The result was speedily deleted, hoax, see also Articles_for_deletion/Mathieu_Ógan and Special:DeletedContributions/Alexantonios. Gwen Gale (talk) 07:08, 25 June 2010 (UTC)
Edgar West
* – ( View AfD View log • )
Unverifiable; possible hoax snigbrook (talk) 21:17, 19 June 2010 (UTC)
Delete Wikipedia is not a medium for defining new concepts. Prsaucer1958 (talk) 22:47, 19 June 2010 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Visual arts-related deletion discussions. -- • Gene93k (talk) 23:27, 19 June 2010 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Authors-related deletion discussions. -- • Gene93k (talk) 23:27, 19 June 2010 (UTC)
* Delete: The "sources" are not. For an AfD of more of the same, see this stuff. The creator of this whimsy has been trying and failing to convince since 2006. -- Hoary (talk) 13:56, 20 June 2010 (UTC)
* Delete: Per nom. - NeutralHomer • Talk • 01:00, 25 June 2010 (UTC)
* Delete - WP:NOT, WP:N, to name a few, not to mention the above and nomination.— Dæ dαlus Contribs 05:02, 25 June 2010 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Humanistic American Religious Party
The result of the nomination was delete. --Sam Blanning(talk) 13:02, 11 July 2006 (UTC)
Humanistic American Religious Party
Hard to find any meaningful information about this political party, other than that it once existed, according to D.C.'s (Daniel Sachs') Political Report. The Google hits seem to be either WP article copies or passing references in anyone-can-edit websites (like acronym sites listing this as an interpretation of "HARP"). Google links to its supposed founder, Aiven Andrians, seem to yield only prankish pages. Consider his Amazon personal profile, in which he claims to have "studied all the major martial-arts systems, including secret systems used by the intelligance [sic] community", and having appeared in "the season finaly [sic] of West Wing ( 1st season )", even though IMDb seems to be missing his credit for that (or any) show. Consider also his SearchWarp page, titled "Aiven The Great", which states he graduated from high school in 1993, a red flag for vanity writers. (NOTE: Aiven Andrians is currently under review for deletion as well.) Back to the article in question, I question whether any reliable source can be found for this organization. For that matter, I wonder if had any more than 1 member, who just happened to know how to fill out a political party registration form. Delete unless reliable evidence of notability supplied. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 07:00, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
* Delete non-notable, you know you've got problems when most of the first 10 links are Wikipedia and forks therefrom. SM247 My Talk 23:51, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
* Delete non-notable, non-verifiable, and has the distinct whiff of a hoax to boot. Arker 23:13, 10 July 2006 (UTC)
| WIKI |
~
From 2012hs.igem.org
Unveiling the Invisible Danger – A Synthetic, Multicolor measurement Toolkit for the precise Quantification of UV and Radioactive Radiation
UV radiation and radioactivity are two main natural radiation types we get in contact with each and every day. In low doses, UV and radioactive radiation are mostly harmless to cells and can even be beneficial for the survival of an organism, i.e. UV-B, which is mandatory for Vitamin D3 production in the human body. Still, exceeding the healthy range, radiation can cause severe cellular damage, which- in the worst case- leads to diseases like radiation-sickness and finally cancer in humans. Although many people in our modern society generally know about the potential danger of sunlight (UV radiation), the true public awareness of the “invisible danger” of harmful radiation is insufficient. This is reflected by an increasing number of melanoma patients in western countries every year, promoted- besides other factors- by an overall increase of extensive sun bathing or usage of tanning beds. The iGEM Team Life-Science Lab Heidelberg will develop a multicolor measurement toolkit consisting of standardized measurement parts for the precise quantification of both UV and radioactive radiation, applicable in a wide variety of everyday life settings- from checking the exposure of your body to UV-light during a sun bath to detecting dangerous sources of radioactivity in high-risk-areas, such as atomic power plants. Our multicolor measurement toolkit will offer a cheap, robust and easy-to-use approach for the detection of radiation and its application will not require any special equipment. Thus, it has a great potential to become a synthetic biology product widely used in our daily lives. With our project, we will offer the synthetic biology community a valuable collection of new, widely-applicable and well-characterized measurement parts and thereby contribute to the future development of the whole synthetic biology field.
Retrieved from "http://2012hs.igem.org/%7E" | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
US expels Cuban diplomats following Havana attacks
(CNN)The US on Tuesday expelled 15 Cuban diplomats to match staff reductions at the US Embassy in Havana after the US ordered home non-essential diplomats and families following mysterious attacks on personnel there, two US officials told CNN. The 15 Cuban diplomats selected by the US will have a week to leave, a State Department official said. The move drew an angry rebuke from Cuban Minister of Foreign Affairs Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla. "Cuba has never perpetrated, nor will it ever perpetrate attacks of any sort against diplomatic officials or their relatives," Rodríguez Parrilla said at a news conference in Havana. The reductions are just the latest step in the rapidly unraveling US-Cuban relations that were restored in 2015 by former President Barack Obama. McClatchy first reported the decision. There was no immediate response from the Cuban government, which has denied any role in the incidents that have sickened at least 22 US diplomats and family members stationed in Cuba. On Tuesday, a State Department official said they had confirmed an additional American diplomat was affected by an attack back in January but had only been re-examined recently. For months, starting late last year, US diplomats in Havana complained of incidents, often late at night in their homes or hotel rooms, that left them feeling ill. Often the sudden wave of nausea, dizziness and headaches were accompanied by strange sounds the diplomats compared to loud insects or metal dragging across the floor. US officials said they are convinced someone has been targeting the diplomats and they are investigating whether some type of sonic weapon could have been used in the attacks. As many as 50 attacks are believed to have been carried out against the diplomats, a senior US official has told CNN. Diplomats have been treated for ear complaints, hearing loss, dizziness, tinnitus, balance problems, visual complaints, headaches, fatigue, cognitive issues and difficulty sleeping, a senior US official said. Canada is also looking into whether their officials were targeted after some of their diplomats and families in Havana experienced similar health problems. Top Cuban officials, including Cuban President Raul Castro, have denied any Cuban involvement in the incidents and allowed the FBI to travel to the island earlier in the summer to investigate. Cuban officials said US investigators had visited the island on three separate occasions. The FBI did not find any devices in the diplomats' homes or hotels where they were staying and are still investigating who was behind the attacks and the type of weapon that was used, two senior US officials have said. At the news conference Tuesday, Rodríguez Parilla said Cuban investigators had no evidence that any attacks had taken place and that the US needed to allow the Cubans access to affected diplomats and the doctors in the US that have treated them. He also said Cuban investigators have not been allowed by the US to examine the residences in Havana where the American diplomats reported the alleged attacks. In March, the US asked two Cuban diplomats to leave the US as a reciprocal measure after two US diplomats injured in the attacks were unable to return to their posting. Last week, State Department officials said Cuba had failed to keep US diplomats safe and the US would reduce the embassy staff by 60%, suspending consular services for tens of thousands of Cubans seeking visas to visit or move to the US. While the US did not directly blame Cuba for the attacks, a State Department official said Cuban officials needed to provide greater assurances that diplomats will no longer be attacked before both countries could resume regular diplomatic operations. Diplomats in Havana that handle American citizen services, analyze Cuba's political system and handle outreach to the island's dissident community were also leaving. The US as well issued a travel warning for Americans thinking of visiting the communist-run island. The expected staff reductions at the Cuban embassy in Washington would also likely impact the thousands of Cubans in the US applying for Cuban passports to return to the island to visit family there. Only one Cuban diplomat would be left to handle consular affairs in Washington, Rodríguez Parilla said. The US diplomats leaving the island spent the weekend holding garage sales where they sold everything from American craft beer to plastic Christmas trees. Several complained that their families, who had evacuated ahead of Hurricane Irma, were not allowed by the State Department to return to the island to help them pack up. Most of the departing diplomats would leave Cuba by the end of the week, a US official said. CNN's Michelle Kosinski contributed to this report. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
TY - JOUR AU - Kundravi, Richard PY - 2021/12/17 Y2 - 2022/05/25 TI - Geriatric Syndromes and Their Impact on Patient Safety for Older Adults: Lessons Learned From My Mother JF - Patient Safety JA - PatientSaf VL - 3 IS - 4 SE - Perspectives DO - UR - https://patientsafetyj.com/index.php/patientsaf/article/view/geriatric-syndromes SP - 50-53 AB - <p>Good news: We are all living longer. In 2018, 15.6% of the United States population was comprised of adults age 65 and older. It is estimated that by 2030 the number of U.S. citizens age 65 and older will grow to 20%, with the 65-or-older segment of the population outnumbering citizens who are age 5 or younger. For individuals 85 and over, the population count is estimated to double between 1995 and 2030, and this growth will increase fivefold by 2050.</p><p>The bad news is that the longer people live, the more likely they are to develop geriatric syndromes, such as falls, delirium, dementia, sleep disorders, osteoporosis, bladder control, and weight loss. Older adults face many challenges, including problems with functionality and activities of daily living, especially in a healthcare setting. My mother was the perfect example of how having a knowledge of geriatric syndromes that emphasizes the unique features of the common health conditions in older adults will allow us to provide safer care to older adult patients. The way in which my mother lived her life demonstrated the interrelationship between these challenges she experienced and the ways we found to navigate through them from day to day.</p><p>Geriatric syndromes are multifactorial conditions that are prevalent in older adults. These common conditions hold substantial implications for functionality and life satisfaction. Geriatric syndromes are believed to develop when an individual experiences accumulated impairments in multiple systems. Besides leading to increased mortality and disability, decreased financial and personal resources, and longer hospitalizations, these conditions can substantially diminish an older adult’s quality of life. Once the quality of a person’s life is diminished, a person’s close relationships and social interactions can be negatively impacted. My mother knew that maintaining close relationships and social interactions with family and friends allowed her to stay alert and independent, which in turn allowed her to address the other predictors of a long life, such as exercise, diet, and routine visits to her physicians.</p><p>Another common explanation of a geriatric syndrome is a disorder experienced by older adults that occurs sporadically, rather than on a constant basis or as a single event, that may be brought about by a serious occurrence often associated with functional decline. More recently, geriatric syndromes have been defined as conditions in which symptoms are assumed to result not solely from discrete diseases, but rather from accumulated impairments in multiple systems and develop when the accumulated effect of these impairments in multiple systems compromises an individual’s ability to adjust.</p> ER - | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Piedade do Ouro
Piedade do Ouro, also known simply as Piedade, is a rural district in the municipality of Itapetim, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. it is notable for containing the northernmost continental point of the state of Pernambuco. Piedade do Ouro also is known for its history marked by the search for gold and metals between 1940s and 1980s, a period during which an abandoned gold mine, initially considered the third largest in Brazil, was exploited in the region. | WIKI |
Olympia (EP)
"Olympia" is an EP recorded by The Maybes?. It was released on October 16, 2006 in the United Kingdom by Xtra Mile Recordings. The picture on the cover is of one of the iron statues in Antony Gormley's Another Place attraction located on Crosby Beach, Merseyside.
Track listing
Track Listing for CD and download formats of the EP. All songs written by The Maybes?.
* 1) "The Rock 'n' Roll" – 2:18
* 2) "Actions" – 3:00
* 3) "Get on the Resin" – 3:40
* 4) "Supercharge" – 4:01
"The Rock 'n' Roll" music video
The lead song from the EP, "The Rock 'n' Roll", was turned into a music video to promote Olympia, and it was released on online video websites such as YouTube. The music video shows home videos, live performances and photographs of the band, and also shown in the video are The Maybes? band name and their slogan, "Fight for Your Mind", sprayed on the walls of different places in Liverpool. Other footage includes their neighbourhood and landmarks as well as footage from an Everton F.C. match. | WIKI |
Virtualization
Run virtual machines at near-native speeds and manage them at ease
Virtualization
The method of executing a virtual instance of a computer system in a layer separate from the actual hardware is known as virtualization. It usually refers to running multiple operating systems on the same computer at the same time. It may appear to applications running on top of the virtualized machine that they are on their own dedicated machine, with their own operating system, libraries, and other programmes that are separate from the host operating system that sits underneath it.
Virtualization is used in computers for a variety of reasons. The most typical purpose for desktop users is to be able to use apps designed for a different operating system without having to swap machines or reboot. Virtualization gives server managers the flexibility to run multiple operating systems, but probably more critically, it allows them to divide a huge system into many smaller portions, allowing the server to be utilised more efficiently by a variety of users or applications with varying requirements. It also enables isolation, which protects programmes operating inside a virtual machine from processes running in another virtual machine on the same host.
Common terms
Hypervisor
A hypervisor is a tool that allows you to create and run virtual machines. Traditionally, hypervisors were divided into two types: type one, or “bare metal” hypervisors, which run guest virtual machines directly on a system’s hardware, basically acting as an operating system. Type two hypervisors, often known as “hosted” hypervisors, act more like standard applications that may be launched and stopped just like any other programme. This split is less common in newer systems, especially with solutions like KVM. KVM (kernel-based virtual machine) is a component of the Linux kernel that allows you to run virtual machines directly, however you can still use a system running KVM virtual machines as a regular computer.
Virtual machine
A virtual machine is a computer system that is imitated and runs on top of another system. Virtual machines can access a variety of resources, including computing power via hardware-assisted but limited access to the host machine’s CPU and memory; one or more physical or virtual disc devices for storage; a virtual or real network interface; and any shared devices like video cards, USB devices, or other hardware. A disc image is used to describe a virtual machine that is kept on a virtual disc. A disc image can contain the files necessary for a virtual computer to boot, as well as any extra storage requirements.
References
1. https://opensource.com/resources/virtualization
Authors: Akashdeep Dhar | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User Guide
Presenting main functionality
Example created by Wilson Rocha Lacerda Junior
Here we import the NARMAX model, the metric for model evaluation and the methods to generate sample data for tests. Also, we import pandas for specific usage.
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sysidentpy.model_structure_selection import FROLS
from sysidentpy.basis_function import Polynomial, Fourier
from sysidentpy.metrics import root_relative_squared_error
from sysidentpy.utils.generate_data import get_siso_data
from sysidentpy.utils.display_results import results
from sysidentpy.utils.plotting import plot_residues_correlation, plot_results
from sysidentpy.residues.residues_correlation import compute_residues_autocorrelation, compute_cross_correlation
Generating 1 input 1 output sample data
The data is generated by simulating the following model:
\(y_k = 0.2y_{k-1} + 0.1y_{k-1}x_{k-1} + 0.9x_{k-1} + e_{k}\)
If colored_noise is set to True:
\(e_{k} = 0.8\nu_{k-1} + \nu_{k}\)
where \(x\) is a uniformly distributed random variable and \(\nu\) is a gaussian distributed variable with \(\mu=0\) and \(\sigma=0.1\)
In the next example we will generate a data with 1000 samples with white noise and selecting 90% of the data to train the model.
x_train, x_valid, y_train, y_valid = get_siso_data(
n=1000,
colored_noise=False,
sigma=0.001,
train_percentage=90)
To obtain a NARMAX model we have to choose some values, e.g, the nonlinearity degree (degree), the maximum lag for the inputs and output (xlag and ylag).
In addition, you can select the information criteria to be used with the Error Reduction Ratio to select the model order and the method to estimate the model parameters:
• Information Criteria: aic, bic, lilc, fpe
• Parameter Estimation: least_squares, total_least_squares, recursive_least_squares, least_mean_squares and many other (see the docs)
The n_terms values is optional. It refer to the number of terms to included in the final model. You can set this value based on the information criteria (see below) or based on priori information about the model structure. The default value is n_terms=None, so the algorithm will choose the minimum value reached by the information criteria.
To use information criteria you have to set order_selection=True. You can also select n_info_values (default = 15).
basis_function = Polynomial(degree=2)
model = FROLS(
basis_function=basis_function,
order_selection=True,
n_info_values=10,
extended_least_squares=False,
ylag=2, xlag=2,
info_criteria='aic',
estimator='least_squares',
)
The fit method executes the Error Reduction Ratio algorithm using Householder reflection to select the model structure.
model.fit(X=x_train, y=y_train)
<sysidentpy.polynomial_basis.narmax.PolynomialNarmax at 0x7f332d0cc490>
The predict method is use to generate the predictions. We support free run simulation (also known as infinity steps ahead), one-step ahead and n-steps ahead prediction.
Note: Free run simulation means that the y values used for predictions are the ones predicted in previous iterations. In one-step ahead simulation, otherwise, the y values used are the observed values of the system. In k-steps ahead, the y values are the predicted values but at each k iterations the observed values are used.
yhat = model.predict(X=x_valid, y=y_valid)
In this example we use the root_relative_squared_error metric because it is often used in System Identification. More metrics and information about it can be found on documentation.
rrse = root_relative_squared_error(y_valid, yhat)
print(rrse)
0.0018758031321337446
model_object.results return the selected model regressors, the estimated parameters and the ERR values. As shown below, the algorithm detect the exact model that was used for simulate the data.
r = pd.DataFrame(
results(
model.final_model, model.theta, model.err,
model.n_terms, err_precision=8, dtype='sci'
),
columns=['Regressors', 'Parameters', 'ERR'])
print(r)
Regressors Parameters ERR
0 u1(k-2) 0.9001 0.95750813
1 y(k-1) 0.2000 0.03916822
2 u1(k-1)y(k-1) 0.1003 0.00332022
In addition, you can access the residuals analysis and plot_result methods to take a look at the prediction and residual analysis.
plot_results(y=y_valid, yhat = yhat, n=1000)
ee = compute_residues_autocorrelation(y_valid, yhat)
plot_residues_correlation(data=ee, title="Residues", ylabel="$e^2$")
x1e = compute_cross_correlation(y_valid, yhat, x_valid)
plot_residues_correlation(data=x1e, title="Residues", ylabel="$x_1e$")
_images/output_16_0.svg_images/output_16_1.svg_images/output_16_2.svg
In the example above we let the number of terms to compose the final model to be defined as the minimum value of the information criteria. Once you ran the algorithm and choose the best number of parameters, you can turn order_selection to False and set the n_terms value (3 in this example). Here we have a small dataset, but in bigger data this can be critical because running information criteria algorithm is more computational expensive. Since we already know the best number of regressor, we set n_terms and we get the same result.
However, this is not only critical because computational efficiency. In many situation, the minimum value of the information criteria can lead to over fitting. In some cases, the difference between choosing a model with 30 regressors or 10 is minimal, so you can take the model with 10 terms without loosing accuracy.
In the following we use info_values to plot the information criteria values. As you can see, the minimum value relies where \(xaxis = 5\)
xaxis = np.arange(1, model.n_info_values + 1)
plt.plot(xaxis, model.info_values)
plt.xlabel('n_terms')
plt.ylabel('Information Criteria')
Text(0, 0.5, 'Information Criteria')
_images/output_18_1.svg
Important Note:
Here we are creating random samples with white noise and letting the algorithm choose the number of terms based on the minimum value of information criteria. This is not the best approach in System Identification, but serves as a simple example. The information criteria must be used as an auxiliary tool to select n_terms. Plot the information values to help you on that!
If you run the example above several times you might find some cases where the algorithm choose only the first two regressors, or four (depending on the information criteria method selected). This is because the minimum value of information criteria depends on residual variance (affected by noise) and have some limitations in nonlinear scenarios. However, if you check the ERR values (robust to noise) you will see that the ERR is ordering the regressors in the correct way!
We have some examples on information_criteria notebook!
The n_info_values limits the number of regressors to apply the information criteria. We choose \(n_y = n_x = \ell = 2\), so the candidate regressor is a list of 15 regressors. We can set n_info_values = 15 and see the information values for all regressors. This option can save some amount of computational resources when dealing with multiples inputs and large datasets.
basis_function = Polynomial(degree=2)
model = FROLS(
basis_function=basis_function,
order_selection=True,
n_info_values=15,
extended_least_squares=False,
ylag=2, xlag=2,
info_criteria='aic',
estimator='least_squares',
)
model.fit(X=x_train, y=y_train)
xaxis = np.arange(1, model.n_info_values + 1)
plt.plot(xaxis, model.info_values)
plt.xlabel('n_terms')
plt.ylabel('Information Criteria')
Text(0, 0.5, 'Information Criteria')
_images/output_21_1.svg
Now running without executing information criteria methods (setting the n_terms) because we already know the optimal number of regressors
basis_function = Polynomial(degree=2)
model = FROLS(
basis_function=basis_function,
# order_selection=True,
n_terms = 3,
# n_info_values=15,
extended_least_squares=False,
ylag=2, xlag=2,
info_criteria='aic',
estimator='least_squares',
)
model.fit(X=x_train, y=y_train)
yhat = model.predict(X=x_valid, y=y_valid)
rrse = root_relative_squared_error(y_valid, yhat)
print('rrse: ', rrse)
r = pd.DataFrame(
results(
model.final_model, model.theta, model.err,
model.n_terms, err_precision=8, dtype='sci'
),
columns=['Regressors', 'Parameters', 'ERR'])
print(r)
rrse: 0.0018758031321337446
Regressors Parameters ERR
0 u1(k-2) 0.9001 0.95750813
1 y(k-1) 0.2000 0.03916822
2 u1(k-1)y(k-1) 0.1003 0.00332022
You can access some extra information like the list of all candidate regressors
# for now the list is returned as a codification. Here, $0$ is the constant term, $[1001]=y{k-1}, [100n]=y_{k-n}, [200n] = x1_{k-n}, [300n]=x2_{k-n}$ and so on
model.regressor_code # list of all possible regressors given non_degree, n_y and n_x values
array([[ 0, 0],
[1001, 0],
[1002, 0],
[2001, 0],
[2002, 0],
[1001, 1001],
[1002, 1001],
[2001, 1001],
[2002, 1001],
[1002, 1002],
[2001, 1002],
[2002, 1002],
[2001, 2001],
[2002, 2001],
[2002, 2002]])
print(model.err, '\n\n') # err values for the selected terms
print(model.theta) # estimated parameters for the final model structure
[0.95750813 0.03916822 0.00332022 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. ]
[[0.90008672]
[0.19998879]
[0.10026928]] | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Porcellioidea
Porcellioidea is an extinct superfamily of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Vetigastropoda.
This superfamily dates back to the Paleozoic. They developed sinistrally (left-handed) or planispirally coiled teleoconchs.
Taxonomy
Bouchet & Rocroi based their classification on the study by Bandel, published in 1993. However, the position of the Porcelliidae is unsure, as noted by Peter J. Wagner in 2002. Wagner reported that the Porcelliidae belongs to the subfamily Gosseletininae, family Gosseletinidae, in the superfamily Eotomarioidea.
This superfamily consists of the four following families (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):
* † family Porcelliidae Koken, 1895
* † family Cirridae Cossmann, 1916
* † family Discohelicidae Schröder, 1995
* † family Pavlodiscidae Frýda, 1998
(Families that are exclusively fossil are indicated with a dagger †) | WIKI |
Nollman Company v. Wentworth Lunch Company
Mr. Maurice P. Davidson for appellants and petitioners.
Mr. R. R. Billington for appellee and respondent.
Per Curiam: | WIKI |
cysylltiad
Etymology
From.
Noun
* 1) connection, joining
* 2) the act of connecting, a linking or coupling together, connection, union, combination
* 3) junction, juncture
* 4) that which connects; link, airlink
* 5) relationship, association
* 6) contact, exposure
* 7) context
* 8) conjunction
* 1) contact, exposure
* 2) context
* 3) conjunction
* 1) conjunction | WIKI |
User:Nambasadalton
I am Nambasa Dalton from Uganda born 20 October 1995. I acquired my diploma in nurse from Jinja school of nursing and midwifery in 2016. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Copyright problems/2019 December 31
31 December 2019
* Winter (Northern Irish band) ([ history] · [ last edit] · rewrite) from http://www.winteronline.co.uk/winter-music/. Curb Safe Charmer (talk) 16:06, 31 December 2019 (UTC)
* Also copied in part from, COI, promotional. Deleted. MER-C 09:56, 8 January 2020 (UTC)
* Mitch Chilson ([ history] · [ last edit] · rewrite) from Indignant Flamingo (talk) 22:02, 31 December 2019 (UTC)
* Also copied in part from, promotional. Deleted. MER-C 09:48, 8 January 2020 (UTC) | WIKI |
From: torvalds@cs.Helsinki.FI (Linus Torvalds) Subject: Re: More (a little) on ALPHA-13n problems Date: Fri, 29 Oct 1993 12:30:47 +0200 cae@jpmorgan.com (Caleb Epstein): "More (a little) on ALPHA-13n problems" > > I had mentioned in an earlier post that I thought that a > "Segmentation violation" message I was getting at boot-time was from > either a 'mount -n -o remount ...' or an 'rm' command. Turns out I > was wrong on both counts: the SEGV is happening in the command 'mount > -at nonfs' which comes after the 'rm' I mentioned in the earlier mail, > and mount is dying when it hits my second msdos filesystem (I have 3); > the first one is mounted OK and then the SEGV occurs. Thanks. This one made me find it: the bug was in the kernel 'mount()' system call, but due to the fact that the mount binary disables signals while doing its crititcal things, this didn't show up with either gdb or strace. The new mm code I added did the checks correctly, but when the mount() call didn't, you got the segmentation violation. I'm including the patches from 0.99.13n -> 13o, as they are small. The important stuff is the patch to fs/super.c. Hope these fix the problems, Linus ---------- patch n -> o ---------- diff -u +recursive +new-file ../n/linux/Makefile linux/Makefile --- ../n/linux/Makefile Thu Oct 28 22:25:37 1993 +++ linux/Makefile Fri Oct 29 14:03:18 1993 @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ VERSION = 0.99 PATCHLEVEL = 13 -ALPHA = n +ALPHA = o all: Version zImage diff -u +recursive +new-file ../n/linux/fs/super.c linux/fs/super.c --- ../n/linux/fs/super.c Tue Oct 26 16:37:01 1993 +++ linux/fs/super.c Fri Oct 29 13:59:03 1993 @@ -455,17 +455,24 @@ if ((new_flags & MS_MGC_MSK) == MS_MGC_VAL) { flags = new_flags & ~MS_MGC_MSK; if (data) { - if ((unsigned long) data >= TASK_SIZE) { - iput(inode); - return -EFAULT; + struct vm_area_struct * vma; + + for (vma = current->mmap ; ; ) { + if (!vma || (unsigned long) data < vma->vm_start) { + iput(inode); + return -EFAULT; + } + if ((unsigned long) data < vma->vm_end) + break; + vma = vma->vm_next; } + i = vma->vm_end - (unsigned long) data; + if (PAGE_SIZE <= (unsigned long) i) + i = PAGE_SIZE-1; if (!(page = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL))) { iput(inode); return -ENOMEM; } - i = TASK_SIZE - (unsigned long) data; - if ((unsigned long) i >= PAGE_SIZE) - i = PAGE_SIZE-1; memcpy_fromfs((void *) page,data,i); } } diff -u +recursive +new-file ../n/linux/include/linux/sys.h linux/include/linux/sys.h --- ../n/linux/include/linux/sys.h Wed Oct 27 16:07:22 1993 +++ linux/include/linux/sys.h Fri Oct 29 09:44:28 1993 @@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ extern int sys_old_syscall(); extern int sys_modify_ldt(); extern int sys_adjtimex(); +extern int sys_mprotect(); extern int sys_sigprocmask(); /* diff -u +recursive +new-file ../n/linux/kernel/sched.c linux/kernel/sched.c --- ../n/linux/kernel/sched.c Wed Oct 27 17:28:44 1993 +++ linux/kernel/sched.c Fri Oct 29 09:44:09 1993 @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ sys_newfstat, sys_uname, sys_iopl, sys_vhangup, sys_idle, sys_vm86, sys_wait4, sys_swapoff, sys_sysinfo, sys_ipc, sys_fsync, sys_sigreturn, sys_clone, sys_setdomainname, sys_newuname, sys_modify_ldt, -sys_adjtimex, sys_sigprocmask }; +sys_adjtimex, sys_mprotect, sys_sigprocmask }; /* So we don't have to do any more manual updating.... */ int NR_syscalls = sizeof(sys_call_table)/sizeof(fn_ptr); diff -u +recursive +new-file ../n/linux/kernel/signal.c linux/kernel/signal.c --- ../n/linux/kernel/signal.c Thu Oct 28 13:50:00 1993 +++ linux/kernel/signal.c Fri Oct 29 11:37:02 1993 @@ -53,7 +53,10 @@ int error; if (set) { - new = *set & _BLOCKABLE; + error = verify_area(VERIFY_READ, set, sizeof(sigset_t)); + if (error) + return error; + new = get_fs_long((unsigned long *) set) & _BLOCKABLE; switch (how) { case SIG_BLOCK: current->blocked |= new; @@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ } } if (oset) { - error = verify_area(VERIFY_WRITE, set, sizeof(sigset_t)); + error = verify_area(VERIFY_WRITE, oset, sizeof(sigset_t)); if (error) return error; put_fs_long(old, (unsigned long *) oset); diff -u +recursive +new-file ../n/linux/mm/swap.c linux/mm/swap.c --- ../n/linux/mm/swap.c Wed Oct 27 21:22:27 1993 +++ linux/mm/swap.c Fri Oct 29 09:51:33 1993 @@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ static int try_to_free_page(void) { - int i=6; + int i=4; while (i--) { if (shrink_buffers(i)) ---------- end patch ---------- ------------------------------ | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Jensen's device
Discussion about Jensen's Device
* User talk:NickyMcLean.
Glrx (talk) 18:35, 4 July 2012 (UTC)
* https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!topic/comp.compilers/s7aM6tttNIs
Glrx (talk) 18:51, 4 July 2012 (UTC)
* The reference to Knuth, D. E. (October 1967), "The Remaining Troublespots in ALGOL 60", Communications of the ACM 10 (10): 611–617 appears misaimed. Google fingers [Ellis Horowitz, Programming Languages: A Grand Tour, 1983, Computer Science Press, pp 61–68]link removed which indeed has the required title but its page span is 61-68, whereas the reference to it fingers page 613 (reference 6 in the current article, via reference 4 to the author and title) which may be the page numbering in the original journal. This .pdf file is an image file only (and with misaligned pages); no searchable text. Anyway, on page 63, near the base of the first column is indeed a criticism of call-by-name via "increment(A(i))", the problem being that "i" might be a function (with no parameters) or an expression that has side effects or in any case produce a different result on the second invocation in the equivalent of "increment", namely "a(i):=a(i) + 1;" It seems to me that this criticism ought to be found in the call-by-name article as it is general.
* The reference to the comp.compilers is particularly interesting as it is written by someone who has produced a working Algol compiler, and indeed notes the two sorts of call-by-name implementation details: at the call site, for each parameter there is provision for when a value is being assigned to the parameter, and a second provision for when a value is being obtained from the parameter, with remarks about run-time errors being invoked as when the actual parameter is an expression and an assignment of a value to it is attempted. Likewise mention of call-by-reference equivalence for simple variables as actual parameters. NickyMcLean (talk) 20:23, 4 July 2012 (UTC)
* The CACM ref is correct; I used the actual Journal. If you look at your ref on the first page, the title has an asterisk. The note associated with the asterisk is "Reprinted from Comm ACM 10, 10, 1967, 611-617". The variable i might also be a call by name parameter. Yes, this article is now going into detail about CBN, but that is because CBN is needed to explain JD. When things settle out, I won't have a problem with moving/copying parts to CBN.
* I've seen a few of descriptions about how CBN is implemented and some other sources that suggest other possibilities. Evaluation is clear, but the setting is not. If we take the Copy Rule to be the absolute truth, then separate thunks seem required, but I don't have any RS for that. I object to comparing it to CBR. Yes, both induce a side-effect, but that does not mean it looks like CBR. Certainly the called procedure isn't making a choice based on whether the passed argument was a variable or an expression. I've come across some class notes where a prof claims that a single thunk computes an L-value that is either read for an access or filled for a set. I'm not sure that is right. Consider
begin procedure foo(x) real x; begin print(x); x := 3.14159; end; end; integer i; i := 6; foo(i);
* I'm not an Algol expert, but if common integer-real casts occur and I believe the Copy Rule, then the code above is clear and gets assigned the value 3. The eval thunk picks up and converts it to a real. The set thunk takes a real argument and computes . If a variable looked like call by reference, then there would be an error or would contain a bit rep of pi. Maybe the casts are prohibited. But the take away is the dual thunk can do an exotic assignment -- something that has a side effect but does not look like CBR.
* Glrx (talk) 21:02, 5 July 2012 (UTC)
I think that the article's mention of "increment(i)" should contain the detail that the "i" might be something tricky because as it stands, it is not at all apparent what might be the problem. This is explained in the article that you indeed referenced correctly: I missed the starred footnote, so suitable words need not be rejected as Original Research/unsupported.
Years ago, I noticed the similarity in fortran between the mention of f(i) as an array and f(i) as a function of an integer. (Pascal insists on f[i] for arrays and f(i) for functions, alas) and made use of this in the case when the array was actually stored in a disc file, and f(i) was a function that read the appropriate record, etc. This was also useful for counting usages, checking bounds, debugging, etc. Alas, there was no provision for the likes of f(i):=value; in the same convenience of not having to modify the source file very much for an array becoming a function. Thus I thought about "palindromic" functions, that is a function pair where a function could be evaluated backwards, so to sprak. Then I encountered pl/i and its rather blathersome text handling - it required a function "substr" as in substr(text,StartIndex,Length) to obtain a substring of a text-holding variable. But it also allowed substr(blah) = newtext; to replace a portion of text variable. Oho! Palindromic! And similarly, rather than having v:=sin(a) and a:=asin(v) as inverse functions, why not allow sin(a):=v; instead? Whee! In such an environment, supplying an expression that provides a result that instead is invoked backwards might become a notion more clearly thought about and handled or disallowed. An attempt at generality would involve the compiler attempting to invert an expression so that if the actual parameter were "x + 1" then an attempt to assign a value to this expression would come out as "x + 1 = v" which would be inverted to x:=v - 1" but this is surely going to be difficult if not outright impossible in general. Perhaps there could be a class of allowable expressions/functions that are restricted to expressions that are easily inverted, and functions for which there is a palindromic entry available. For instance, integer/floating-point/double-precision approximations: I've always been uncomfortable about "promotion" but on the other hand am annoyed by the proliferation of combinations to do the same thing but to variables of different type, especially as the count of parameters increases. Thus, abs(x) is "generic".
Retreating from these amusements, it seems to me that pass-by-reference could still be used as a stepping stone to the understanding of pass-by-name, in the style of compare&contrast. And possibly the bulk of the criticism should be in the call-by-name article, except that suitable usages of perverse expressions could cause odd behaviour. Both the swap and increment examples are of statements rather than value-generating expressions as would be the usual fodder for Jensen's device. A perverse example could be devised, such as the expression A(i:=i/2) but obviously a reader would object that no-one would do such a thing, and offhand, I can't contrive a semi-sensible expression that would display the problem. Your foo function would do as of course, given a function, one might reasonably desire the sum of a few evaluations, and a function might contain anything (for debugging, record-keeping) but again one might ask why such a thing would be done.
For the general criticism of call-by-value I can imagine a run-time speed issue: pass-by-reference in many of the cases where it has the same result will surely be much faster, and, require less code. NickyMcLean (talk) 00:21, 6 July 2012 (UTC)
* Yes, the increment problem should get more explanation. Screwy failure is.
* Some varieties of Lisp have a macro. Originally intended for setting array elements and structure elements, its mechanism allowed some simple expression manipulation/solving. It could be hacked so would set to the arcsin.
* No, pass by reference should not be used as a stepping stone. It has no relationship to the Copy Rule, and it ends up suggesting the wrong thing. The two methods share the notion that variables can be side-effected, but that does not mean they are achieved by similar mechanisms. As I said, some prof issued class notes that has a single argument thunk computing the L-value, so it cannot do a general Copy Rule. I can see the prof/somebody else coming up with that idea because they've been poisoned with the notion that a side-effect must be done with an L-value.
* Call-by-name is "involved" rather than "subtle". There's a lot of machinery working behind the scenes: the arguments are turned into subroutines with private environment pointers. It is not a trivial mechanism that has some subtle points. Its all the overhead that makes the CBN unattractive.
* Couple in the semantic problems, and call-by-name is essentially dead. Algol 68 added call-by-reference.
* The second version of the swap code is unneeded. Simply pointing out that the code works for most cases (even ), but it cannot be made to work for all cases.
* Glrx (talk) 16:18, 9 July 2012 (UTC)
Ah, it hand't occurred to me to consider a double increment... With regard to "Call-by-name is involved", that can easily be read as in "X is involved [in the murder of y]", so if you don't like "subtle" perhaps because computers are deterministic, not subtle, how about "Call-by-name is an involved protocol"? That will exclude the wrong reading. But really, we're saying that a seemingly simple notion turns out to involve surprising behaviour. "Call-by-name involves subtle effects"? As for "environment pointers" I don't think that a helpful notion. My understanding is that the subroutine contains what amounts to a subroutine call to store or read a value for its parameter, yes, but the "subroutine" is in fact inline code in the caller's environment (one for "read", one for "write") with therefore by default the environment of the caller in force, without any pointers to this environment (private or whatever) being involved for the subroutine to keep secret. The pointer(s) to this inline code are the parameters, but they're not pointers to an environment as such, they are pointers to code entry points. As a semi-example, suppose a call-by-name parameter is passed as an address with the convention that (address) is the entry point of a subroutine that will return a value like a function call, and (address+1) is the entry point of a subroutine that will receive a value and do something with it, like a palindromic function. At each invocation of the Sum routine, the compiler will place appropriate code for the actual parameters, and for a parameter that is an expression (where "write" is unworkable), the (address+1) value will be a jump to some run-time error routine.
I approve of call-by-reference for reasons of speed and compactness (and the side effect risk is now seen as trivial!) but I do like the call-by-name facility for passing expressions as in the Sum function, because otherwise there is clunkiness involving the apparatus for definition of a function for each of the desired expressions. A pity then that other trickiness in the language enables confusion to the degree that Algol68 has retracted the feature - though possibly it could be enable by declaring a parameter to be "by name" as a special exemption, with expectation of polite usage... NickyMcLean (talk) 21:56, 9 July 2012 (UTC)
* The mechanism is involved; the understanding is subtle? Call-by-name has a lot of behind-the-scenes machinery / overhead / complexity / (something implying the elegance is slow). There are subtle/surprising consequences of that machinery with regard to side-effects -- such as swap doesn't work. One source suggested Algol 60 designers adopted the Copy Rule for procedure semantics because it looked like the right thing, but then they were surprised by the glitches. Jensen's device shows the elegance, and swap shows the surprise. (That's the take away that should end up in another article's CBN description.)
* The environment pointer is needed and is another bit of involved Algol magic. The thunks/subroutines are executed in the calling code's environment. Plus, the thunks may call procedures that will build new environments / need new stack space. The formal parameters might be accessed within new lexical scopes, or they may be passed by name to routines with a higher lexical scope. Basically, the implementation needs more than just a stack pointer. (Allowing procedures to return closures requires a heap.)
* Glrx (talk) 22:55, 9 July 2012 (UTC)
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This article is not clear, need a better structure
Jensen? Who is Jensen. What problem solves? Why is called a device? How the examples work? What is the difference with macros? In the GPS example, GPS always returns 1, but is used in the condition position of several IF statements. Does 1 means true in Algol? is equivalent to Does has some meaning in Algol? This is the example, copy/pasted and indented I don't have the cited article to understand it. Maybe someone can clarify what is going on here and what precisely the Jensen device is, and what effect is used in the example. Perhaps it behaves like a data flow machine. Lazy languages, have call-by-need semantics, close related to call-by-name, and lazy languages can deal with infinite structures, like streams, in a very transparent way, making easy to implement data-flow machines. I suppose that effect could be the idea behind Jensen devices, but I can't understand it from the article. For that reason I am suggesting to rewrite it. | WIKI |
What is Usability?
Usability means how useful, usable, and satisfying a system is for the intended users to accomplish goals in the work domain by performing certain sequences of tasks (Zhang & Walji, 2011).
The scientists at the National Center for Cognitive Informatics and Decision Making (NCCD) have given a lot of thought to this definition. Let’s look at those three key concepts - useful, usable, and satisfying - that make up usability for an electronic health record (EHR).
Useful – How well does the system support the work you’re trying to do? A system is useful if it can perform the functions necessary to get the job done. It’s that simple.
Usable – Is it easy to learn, easy to use, and error-tolerant? You’d expect “usable” to be a part of Usability, right? But in this case, usable is a measurable concept and each of the subcomponents can be measured precisely:
• Learnability – can a new user learn the system quickly and easily?
• Efficiency – how fast can a new user complete a task with the system?
• Error tolerance – how well does the system help users avoid and recover from errors?
Satisfying – No, not the satisfaction you get from eating a good meal, but the satisfaction of a job well done. This is a subjective feeling, admittedly, but very important if an EHR is to succeed in the workplace. Does the user like using the system? Does he or she feel that it’s a useful tool for their daily work? Or do they just dread having to enter data in the EHR? If so, it won’t be a satisfying experience – and no one would say that EHR was usable.
For more information see TURF- Toward a unified framework of EHR usability
Please note:The content provided here are intended as guidelines (recommended, but not mandatory) for design and implementation, not as standards (mandatory, minimum requirements). SHARPC Logo | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Thursday, December 23, 2010
Improved JRuby Startup by Deferring Gem Plugins
Another present for you JRubyists out there!
JRuby has had notoriously bad startup times. Not as bad as, say, IronRuby (sorry guys!), but definitely a big fat hit every time you need to run some Ruby code from the command line. Some of this overhead was related to JRuby, and we've steadily worked to improve that over the years. Some of it is due to the JVM, most commonly due to running on the "server" Hotspot VM or another JVM that does not have an interpreter (both of which start up considerably slower than Hotspot/OpenJDK's "client" mode). I've blogged tips and tricks for JRuby startup before, and these mostly apply to vanilla JRuby startup performance.
However, a large part of the overhead was not specifically due to JRuby or the JVM, but to RubyGems. RubyGems in version 1.3 added support for "plugins", whereby gems could include a specially-named file to extend the functionality of RubyGems itself. Most of these plugins added command-line tools like "gem push" for pushing a new gem to gemcutter.org (now built-in for pushing to rubygems.org). Unfortunately, the feature was originally added by having RubyGems do a full scan of all installed gems on every startup. If you only had a few gems, this was a minor problem. If you had more than a few, it became a big fat O(N) problem, where each of those N could be arbitrarily complex in themselves.
The good news is that it looks like my proposed change – making plugin scanning happen *only* when using the "gem" command – appears likely to be approved for RubyGems 1.4, due out reasonably soon.
Here's the patch and the impact to RubyGems startup times are below. The first two times are without the patch, with the first time against a "cold" filesystem. The final time is with the patch in place. In all cases, it's against my local JRuby working copy, which has around 500 gems installed.
~/projects/jruby ➔ jruby -e "t = Time.now; require 'rubygems'; puts Time.now - t"
17.09
~/projects/jruby ➔ jruby -e "t = Time.now; require 'rubygems'; puts Time.now - t"
6.959
~/projects/jruby ➔ git stash pop
# On branch master
# Changed but not updated:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems.rb
# modified: lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/gem_runner.rb
...
~/projects/jruby ➔ jruby -e "t = Time.now; require 'rubygems'; puts Time.now - t"
0.481
It's truly a shocking difference, and it's easy to see why JRuby (plus RubyGems) has had such a bad startup-time reputation.
I've already made this change locally to JRuby's copy of RubyGems, which should help any users working against JRuby master. The change will almost certainly ship in JRuby 1.6, with RCs showing up in the next couple weeks. So with this change and my JRuby startup tips, we're on the road to a much more pleasant JRuby experience.
Happy Hacking!
5 comments:
Colby Gutierrez-Kraybill said...
Thanks for all of your hard work!
sahglie said...
Sah weet! The JRuby team is awesome!
Mark Menard said...
That's really awesome Charles. Thanks!
Clayton O'Neill said...
Is this patch against 1.4? I can't get it to apply to the rubygems that jruby 1.5.5 ships with. It's missing the Gem.load_plugins call.
John Woodell said...
This is why we use bundler08 on AppEngine. The standalone flag should be part of the next bundler release. The standalone flag will stub out rubygems and generate an environment file that puts all the gems (your Gemfile yields) on the LOAD_PATH.
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صبا
Etymology 1
from the root.
Verb
* 1) to be a child, be childish
Etymology 2
from the root. Cognate with 🇨🇬.
Verb
* 1) to bend, incline:
* 2) to feel sensual desire (for), desire:
* 3) to strive (for), aspire (to):
Etymology 3
from.
Noun
* 1) childhood, boyhood, maidenhood, youth
* 2) youthfulness
Etymology 4
from.
Noun
* 1) inclination, propensity, bent, longing, desire
Etymology 5
From derived from its meaning of longing, passionate love, desire; the Ṣabā Maqām for the Arab listener evokes sad, tragic, or lamenting emotions.
Noun
* 1) saba, a maqam (Arabic scale)
Etymology 1
.
Noun
* 1) zephyr; soft breeze; especially, a morning easterly
Etymology 2
.
Noun
* 1) childhood; boyhood; maidenhood
Etymology 3
See | WIKI |
User:Keithcronin
Keith Cronin, Born 02-02-81 in Dublin, Ireland. Now lives in Sheffield England.[[File:
]] | WIKI |
ill behaved
Etymology
ill + behaved
Adjective
* 1) badly behaved; exhibiting bad behaviour
* That boy is ill behaved: he is always naughty. | WIKI |
Convert MESH TO SURFACE/SOLID
1. Step 1: Explanation
All steps are in RAR. file.
Explanation:
1. Depends on quantity of RAM of PC adjust iterations and smoothness before export.
2. Also, depends on quantity of RAM, cut half of object before export, to get quicker result.
3. Export OBJ. file with 3ds Max.
4. Start Fusion 360, under INSERT tab, click on Insert Mesh.
5. If necessary, adjust model position.
6. Click Create Form.
7. Under UTILITIES tab, click on Convert.
8. Adjust: Quad Mesh to T-Splines to get new body.
9. Under UTILITIES tab, click on Convert, but this time put: T-Splines to BRep.
10. For better result, activate option Keep Edges, and just select edges.
11. Export like STEP. file for further use.
Comments | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
What Are the Therapies for Alcoholism?
The goal of therapy for alcoholism is abstaining. Among problem drinkers with otherwise good health, social assistance, as well as inspiration, the likelihood of recuperation is good.
Around 50% to 60% stay sober at the end of a year’s therapy and a bulk of those stay completely dry completely. Those with bad social support, inadequate inspiration, or psychiatric problems tend to regression within a few years of treatment. For these people, success is determined by longer durations of abstaining, decreased use of alcohol, better wellness, and also improved social functioning.
Conventional Medication for Alcoholism
Therapy for alcoholism can begin just when the alcoholic approves that the trouble exists and also agrees to quit drinking.
She or he should recognize that alcoholism is treatable and also need to be motivated to alter. Therapy has 3 phases:
1) Detoxification (detoxification): This may be needed immediately after discontinuing alcohol use as well as can be a clinical emergency, as detox could result in withdrawal seizures, hallucinations, ecstasy tremens (DT), and in some cases could cause death.
2) Rehab: This entails therapy and medicines to give the recovering alcoholic the skills required for keeping soberness. This action in treatment could be done inpatient or outpatient. Both are equally efficient.
3) Upkeep of sobriety: This action’s success needs an alcoholic to be self-driven. The key to maintenance is support, which usually consists of regular Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings as well as obtaining a sponsor.
Because detoxification does not quit the desire for alcohol, recovery is usually difficult to preserve.
For an individual in an onset of alcoholism, ceasing alcohol usage might result in some withdrawal signs, consisting of stress and anxiety and bad sleep. Withdrawal from long-term dependancy may bring the uncontrollable shaking, spasms, panic, as well as hallucinations of DTs. If not treated professionally, people with DTs have a mortality rate of more compared to 10%, so detoxing from late-stage alcohol addiction ought to be attempted under the care of a skilled doctor and also could call for a brief inpatient remain at a health center or treatment.
Treatment might entail one or even more drugs. These are the most regularly used drugs during the detox phase, at which time they are typically tapered and also after that terminated.
safe parking at treatment facility in Westwood MA
There are several medications made use of to help individuals in healing from alcoholism preserve abstaining as well as sobriety.
One medicine, disulfiram might be utilized once the detoxification phase is total as well as the person is abstinent. It interferes with alcohol metabolic process to make sure that consuming a small amount will cause nausea, throwing up, blurred vision, complication, and breathing trouble. This medicine is most ideal for alcoholics that are highly motivated to stop consuming or whose drug use is overseen, due to the fact that the drug does not influence the motivation to consume.
An additional medicine, naltrexone, lowers the desire for alcohol. Naltrexone can be offered even if the person is still drinking; nonetheless, similar to all medicines utilized to deal with alcohol addiction, it is suggested as part of a comprehensive program that shows individuals new dealing skills. It is now readily available as a long-acting injection that can be given on a monthly basis.
Acamprosate is an additional medicine that has been FDA-approved to reduce alcohol yearning.
Ultimately, research study suggests that the anti-seizure medications topiramate and also gabapentin might be of worth in lowering yearning or anxiety throughout recuperation from drinking, although neither of these medications is FDA-approved for the treatment of alcohol addiction.
Antidepressants may be made use of to manage any type of underlying or resulting stress and anxiety or clinical depression, yet due to the fact that those signs and symptoms could go away with abstaining, the drugs are normally not begun up until after detox is full and there has actually been some duration of abstinence.
Because an alcoholic stays prone to regression as well as potentially becoming dependent once more, the goal of recovery is overall abstinence. Recovery
generally takes a broad-based approach, which could include education and learning programs, team therapy, household involvement, and engagement in self-help groups. Problem drinkers Anonymous (AA) is the most popular of the self-help teams, but other approaches have also confirmed successful.
Video: Alcohol Help
Nutrition and also Diet regimen for Alcohol addiction
Poor nutrition chooses heavy alcohol consumption and also alcohol addiction: Because an ounce of alcohol has more than 200 calories yet no nutritional value, ingesting big amounts of alcohol informs the body that it does not require more food. Alcoholics are frequently lacking in vitamins A, B facility, and C; folic acid; carnitine; magnesium, selenium, as well as zinc, as well as vital fats and antioxidants. Bring back such nutrients– by supplying thiamine (vitamin B-1) and a multivitamin– can assist recovery and also are an integral part of all detox programs.
At-Home Remedies for Alcohol addiction
Abstaining is the most important– as well as most likely the most hard– step to recuperation from alcohol addiction. To learn to live without alcohol, you should:
Prevent individuals as well as locations that make consuming the standard, and locate brand-new, non-drinking close friends.
Join a self-help group.
Get the assistance of family and friends.
Change your adverse reliance on alcohol with favorable reliances such as a new pastime or volunteer work with church or civic teams.
Beginning working out. Exercise launches chemicals in the mind that give a “natural high.” Even a stroll after dinner can be tranquilizing. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Leonhard Stock
Some notes
I would like to try to give some notes; I no most of it by myself but I would like to cit. German Wikipedia: First points he could gain on January 8th, 1977, finishing 8th in the downhill race at Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Mr. Stock had an accident in the training for downhill races at Val-d’Isère (carried out on December 7th) in the first days of December 1979, injured in a shoulder and a knee. But he worked hard, therefore he could finish fifth in the Lauberhorn downhill race on January, 18th. So he became a substitute for the Olympics. I would like to point out that it was debatable if he could be able to repeat the performance of the trainings (you know all circumstances regarding such a great race). But that race track on the Whiteface Mountain seemed to be tailor-made for him; he won with a margin of 0.62 seconds ahead his team-mate Peter Wirnsberger. It was a barren spell until his next win littered by injuries (f.e. on January 7th, 1984, at Laax, having lumbar vertebra fractures, missing the 1984 Olympics). After changing material before 1985/86-season, Mr. Stock was able to achieve better rankings. But not before January 6th, 1989, having 19 places on the podium in the meantime, he couldn't win. - Okay, there was a win: He could achieve it on December 28th, 1986, in the "Parallel" at the Teufelsberg (you may find the race archived as Berlin-race) but that race did only count for the nations cup. (Cit. "Arbeiterzeitung Vienna" from December 29th, 1986, page 17, and "Wetter: Als der Kalte Krieg in Berlin auf der Skipiste tobte - DIE WELT" - http://www.welt.de/kultur/history/article13859146/Als-der-Kalte-Krieg-in-Berlin-auf-der-Skipiste-tobte.html"). Besides his three wins in World Cup downhill races, he finished 22 times on the podium (second places: DH 5, Super-G 1, Combined 4; third place: DH 4, Super-G 3, Combined 3).
* Another note is that he became the oldest winner of a downhill race (Val Gardena December 12th, 1992), being 34 years, 8 month, 19 days. Eleven years later (Mr. Stock had retired many years before), his team-mate Stephan Eberharter did supersede (Chamonix, January 10th, 2004; 34 years, 9 month, 17 days), followed by Marco Büchel - and the current one is Didier Cuche. (<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:56, 2 January 2017 (UTC)
A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 12:48, 8 August 2020 (UTC)
* Leonhard Stock 1980 Paraguay stamp.jpg | WIKI |
Page:Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies (1876).djvu/97
§ 39] gives the number voting on each side to the Chairman, who announces the result. An entry must be made in the minutes of the names of all voting in the affirmative, and also of those in the negative.
The form of putting a question upon which the vote has been ordered to be taken by yeas and nays is similar to the following: “As many as are in favor of the adoption of these resolutions will, when their names are called, answer yes [or aye]; those opposed will answer no.” The Chairman will then direct the clerk to call the roll. The negative being put at the same time as the affirmative, it is too late, after the question is put, to renew the debate. After the commencement of the roll-call it is too late to ask to be excused from voting. The yeas and nays cannot be ordered in committee of the whole [§ 32].
The following motions shall require a two-thirds vote for their adoption, all others requiring a majority, as the right of discussion, and the right to have the rules enforced, should not be abridged by a mere majority: | WIKI |
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Vascular flora of Southern Brazilian outcrops associated with Atlantic Forest: small relict environment that needs to be preserved
Monteiro-Ré, Tatiane; Dettke, Greta Aline; Silva, Ana Raquel da; Parolin, Mauro; Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi.
Afiliação
• Monteiro-Ré, Tatiane; Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná. Campo Mourão. BR
• Dettke, Greta Aline; Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Maringá. BR
• Silva, Ana Raquel da; s.af
• Parolin, Mauro; Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Maringá. BR
• Caxambu, Marcelo Galeazzi; Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná. Campo Mourão. BR
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 44: e62064, mar. 2022. mapas, ilus, tab, graf
Article em En | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1391293
Biblioteca responsável: BR68.1
ABSTRACT
The rocky outcrops in the municipality of Campo Mourão (Paraná State) are all surrounded by remaining Atlantic Forest, unlike the typical outcrops associated with river courses, fields, or hilltops. Because it is such specific vegetation, it is essential to record the floristic composition, verifying only species and the conservation status of local populations. This study cataloged the species of vascular plants occurring in four rocky outcrops areas of Campo Mourão Nishida outcrop (1,808 ha); Bica do Rio do Campo outcrop (0.458 ha); Perdoncini outcrop (0.228 ha), and Lago Azul State Park outcrop (0.021 ha). A total of 203 collections were analyzed, representing 152 species (eight exotic to Brazil), distributed in 66 families and 135 genera. The more richness families were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Bromeliaceae. The predominant life form was herbs and shrubs, and most species are terrestrial and rupicolous. The rocky outcrops of Campo Mourão, despite the small total area (25,150 m2), have 10 % of the exclusive species in the municipality. Also, 14 species are endemic in Brazil, and two are endemic in Paraná, being Portulaca hatschbachii (Portulacaceae) officially threatened to extinction in Brazil. In these areas, several species found have been little collected in Paraná State and Brazil, in addition to the presence of life forms adapted to survival on the exposed rock. This demonstrates that despite being small, these sites are critical environments for preserving biodiversity in the region.(AU)
Assuntos
Palavras-chave
Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: VETINDEX Idioma: En Revista: Acta sci., Biol. sci Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article
Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: VETINDEX Idioma: En Revista: Acta sci., Biol. sci Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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The effects of concentration have an effect on the rate of reaction.
Extracts from this document...
Introduction
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF CONCENTRATION AIM: To find out how the effects of concentration have an effect on the rate of reaction. PREDICTION: I predict that the more Sodium Thiosulphate there is, the faster the reaction will take place with the Dilute Water and the Hydrochloric Acid, there are more Sodium Thiosulphate molecules and less dilute water molecules for them to collide into. However, if there are more Dilute water molecules, the rate of reaction will be slower, because the more dilute it is, the less concentrated the solution is. The decrease of concentration will take longer for the rate of reaction because there are fewer molecules for the Sodium Thiosulphate to collide into. APPARATUS: Dilute Water 0.15M Sodium Thiosulphate 2M Hydrochloric Acid 10 cm3 Measuring Cylinder 50 cm3 Measuring Cylinder Stop clock Glass Beaker Safety Goggles METHOD: Measure 50cm3 of Sodium Thiosulphate. Pour this into the conical flask. Then, measure 10 cm3 of Distilled Water and add to conical flask. Finally, measure 10 cm3 of Hydrochloric Acid and add to the conical flask. ...read more.
Middle
I also predicted that for the reaction to take longer you would use more dilute water molecules, as this will slow the reaction down because there aren't many Sodium Thiosulphate molecules for the dilute water molecules to smash into together with and to break the Sodium Thiosulphate bonds. From the 1st graph, I've noticed that on the line representing the average tells us that on the first and second point it is nearer to test 2s result. As all three lines start rising, we can know see that the third average point is above both of the lines representing the two tests. On the fourth and fifth point on the average line, it decreases below test 1 and the line representing line 1 increases rapidly. On the second graph, the points representing test 3, test 4 and the average are quite close together for the 0-50, 10-40, 20-30 concentration. As the points reach the 30-20 concentrations on the graph the points start to spread out and at 40-10 the points are spread out even more. ...read more.
Conclusion
This would tell us if we had more Hydrochloric Acid than Dilute Water, would it take quicker or longer for the Dilute Water to break the bonds. If I did this experiment, I think that, the more Hydrochloric Acid there is with less Dilute Water; the reaction will take place faster because the Hydrochloric Acid will be stronger and it will take longer for the Dilute Water to break the Hydrochloric Acid bonds. After this I would do the experiment again to but change the Dilute Water to Warm Dilute Water to see whether the changes have a big difference or a small difference to the outcome of the experiment. This would show whether Hydrochloric Acid has an effect on the rate of concentration. To improve the experiment I would make sure that the solutions were measured out accurately and I would also make sure that we clean the conical flask thoroughly after each test, so no contents from the last test remains in the next test, this is so that the test can be fair. Furthermore, I would set out the equipment appropriately, so that it is easier to know where all the chemicals and apparatus's are. Sonya Patel 28/03/03 102 10E 1 ...read more.
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1. The Effect of Concentration on the Rate of Reaction.
The graph illustrates that the 2M acid solution will produce the most amount of carbon dioxide, but as the ratio of water the hydrochloric acid increases (i.e. there is a greater volume of water to acid), less carbon dioxide would be produced.
2. What factors affect the rate pf reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid?
This could be due to a number of factors such as the experiment was done at a higher temperature or there was some hydrochloric acid mixed with some sodium thiosulphate before the experiment in a measuring cylinder or just human error because it is quite hard to judge exactly when the cross disappears.
1. What effects the rate of a reaction
I will keep the experiment fair and reliable by taking 3 readings for each concentration and then taking the average. I will also use the same equipment with every new magnesium piece and have the same person/people conduct the experiment. I will use a digital stop clock for accurate results.
2. Investigation into the effects of concentration of reactants on the rate of reaction.
Total volume of reactants- Thio volume must not be changed because the higher the volume the thicker the layer of solution, which could make the cross disappear quicker. Use the same equipment- Different equipment has a different accuracy and changing the equipment e.g.
1. The effects of concentration on reaction rate with sodium thiosulphate
The fourth factor is to add a catalyst, but in this experiment we did not add a catalyst. Knowing the collision theory, it makes my predictions clearer with what is going to happen when the experiment will take place. So, if I have a large volume of sodium thiosulphate and
2. The Effect Of Concentration Of The Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulphate And Hydrochloric Acid
Temperature Increasing the temperature of a solution means they gain more kinetic energy; therefore the particles take in more energy causing them to move faster and collide more often. A small increase in temperature causes significant changes to the distribution of energies, so the rate of reaction is increased.
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The Eyes are for Sight
5 Senses Project
What are eyes and how do we use them?
Well the eyes are what you use to see everything around you like your friends, your family, and to see if a food is far past its date. Some of the Basics for eyes are that there are lenses that help you see and without one can make it hard to see. To use your eyes you just open your eyelids and you pretty much use them as much as your hands, feet, ears, and nose. You need to use your eyes to do good in school, see friends, and not bump into what may be a brick wall.
Wait, THERE ARE EYE PROBLEMS!?
Yes there are indeed eye problems where it ends up in the result in you having to wear those nerdy (for some people) and scary glasses to see. The most common way now a days are being on a device for WAY too long. There is also a common disease called cataracts that occur when you, of course, look at a screen of a device for way too long for several periods of time and can be treated using medical treatment. Also It's just a disease where your vision becomes blurry. There are also inherited eye problems which you wear glasses even as a kinder-gardener! But always remember just to have 1-2 hours of devices and not to look directly at the sun!
The Main Eye Disease
Thanks for reading!
Why was this made?
It was made for our 5 Senses Project where we all are doing a project and I'm just 1/5 of the project. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Overview
Nonallergic rhinitis involves chronic sneezing or a congested, drippy nose with no apparent cause. Nonallergic rhinitis symptoms are similar to those of hay fever (allergic rhinitis), but with none of the usual evidence of an allergic reaction.
Nonallergic rhinitis can affect children and adults. But it's more common after age 20. Triggers of nonallergic rhinitis symptoms vary and can include certain odors or irritants in the air, weather changes, some medications, certain foods, and chronic health conditions.
A diagnosis of nonallergic rhinitis is made after an allergic cause is ruled out. This may require allergy skin or blood tests.
Symptoms
If you have nonallergic rhinitis, you probably have symptoms that come and go year-round. Signs and symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis might include:
• Stuffy or runny nose
• Sneezing
• Mucus in the throat
• Cough
Nonallergic rhinitis doesn't usually cause itchy nose, eyes or throat — symptoms associated with allergies such as hay fever.
When to see a doctor
See your doctor if:
• Your symptoms are severe
• You have signs and symptoms that aren't relieved by over-the-counter medications or self-care
• You have bothersome side effects from over-the-counter or prescription medications for rhinitis
Causes
The exact cause of nonallergic rhinitis is unknown.
Experts do know that nonallergic rhinitis occurs when blood vessels in your nose expand and fill the nasal lining with blood and fluid. There are many possible causes, including the nerve endings in the nose being overly responsive, similar to the way the lungs react in asthma.
Whatever the trigger, the result is the same — swollen nasal membranes, congestion or excessive mucus.
There are many triggers of nonallergic rhinitis, including:
• Environmental or occupational irritants. Dust, smog, secondhand smoke or strong odors, such as perfumes, can trigger nonallergic rhinitis. Chemical fumes, such as those you might be exposed to in certain occupations, also can be to blame.
• Weather changes. Temperature or humidity changes can trigger the membranes inside your nose to swell and cause a runny or stuffy nose.
• Infections. Viral infections such as a cold or the flu commonly cause nonallergic rhinitis.
• Foods and beverages. Nonallergic rhinitis can occur when you eat, especially when eating hot or spicy foods. Drinking alcoholic beverages also can cause the membranes inside your nose to swell, leading to nasal congestion.
• Certain medications. Medications that can cause nonallergic rhinitis include aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and high blood pressure medications, such as beta blockers.
Nonallergic rhinitis also can be triggered in some people by sedatives, antidepressants, oral contraceptives or drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction. Overuse of decongestant nasal sprays can cause a type of nonallergic rhinitis called rhinitis medicamentosa.
• Hormone changes. Hormonal changes due to pregnancy, menstruation, oral contraceptive use or other hormonal conditions such as hypothyroidism may cause nonallergic rhinitis.
• Sleeping on your back, sleep apnea and acid reflux. Lying on your back at night while you sleep can cause nonallergic rhinitis, as can obstructive sleep apnea or acid reflux.
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk of nonallergic rhinitis include:
• Exposure to irritants. If you're exposed to irritants such as smog, exhaust fumes or tobacco smoke, you may be at increased risk of developing nonallergic rhinitis.
• Being older than age 20. Unlike allergic rhinitis, which usually occurs before age 20, nonallergic rhinitis occurs after age 20 in most people.
• Prolonged use of decongestant nasal drops or sprays. Using over-the-counter decongestant nasal drops or sprays (Afrin, Dristan, others) for more than a few days can actually cause more-severe nasal congestion when the decongestant wears off, often called rebound congestion.
• Being female. Due to hormonal changes, nasal congestion often gets worse during menstruation and pregnancy.
• Occupational exposure to fumes. In some cases, nonallergic rhinitis is triggered by exposure to an airborne irritant in the workplace (occupational rhinitis). Some common triggers include construction materials, solvents, or other chemicals and fumes from decomposing organic material such as compost.
• Certain health problems. Several chronic health conditions can cause or worsen nonallergic rhinitis, such as hypothyroidism, chronic fatigue syndrome and diabetes.
Complications
Nonallergic rhinitis might be linked to:
• Nasal polyps. These are soft, noncancerous (benign) growths that develop on the lining of your nose or sinuses due to chronic inflammation. Small polyps might not cause problems. But larger polyps can block the airflow through your nose, making it difficult to breathe.
• Sinusitis. Prolonged nasal congestion due to nonallergic rhinitis can increase your chances of developing an infection or inflammation of the membrane that lines the sinuses (sinusitis).
• Interrupted daily activities. Nonallergic rhinitis can be disruptive. You might be less productive at work or school. You also might need to take time off because of symptom flares or doctor visits.
Prevention
If you already have nonallergic rhinitis, you can take steps to reduce your symptoms and prevent flare-ups:
• Avoid your triggers. If you can identify what causes or worsen your symptoms, avoiding your triggers can make a big difference.
• Don't overuse nasal decongestants. Using these medications for more than a few days at a time can worsen your symptoms.
• Get treatment that works. If treatment isn't working, see your doctor. Your doctor can make changes that do a better job preventing or reducing your symptoms.
March 04, 2021
1. Lieberman PL. Chronic nonallergic rhinitis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 17, 2020.
2. AskMayoExpert. Nonallergic rhinitis. Mayo Clinic; 2020.
3. Nonallergic rhinitis. Merck Manual Professional Version. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/ear,-nose,-and-throat-disorders/nose-and-paranasal-sinus-disorders/nonallergic-rhinitis#. Accessed Dec. 17, 2020.
4. Nonallergic rhinitis (vasomotor rhinitis) definition. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions-dictionary/nonallergic-rhinitis-vasomotor. Accessed Dec. 19, 2020.
5. Crisci CD, et al. A precision medicine approach to rhinitis evaluation and management. Current Treatment Options in Allergy. 2020; doi:10.1007/s40521-020-00243-1.
6. Sur DKC, et al. Chronic nonallergic rhinitis. American Family Physician. 2018;98:171. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0801/p171.html. Accessed Dec. 19, 2020. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
How to fix Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone | Fitbit sync not working
In this short tutorial, we’ll show you the steps on how to fix your Fitbit Versa (#FitbitVersa) if it won’t sync to your iPhone. Although not a common occurrence, there is a significant number of users reporting this issue from time to time. If you are one of the unfortunate few to encounter this problem, learn what to do below.
Before we proceed, we want to remind you that if you are looking for solutions to your own #Android or #Fitbit issue, you can contact us by using the link provided at the bottom of this page. When describing your issue, please be as detailed as possible so we can easily pinpoint a relevant solution. If you can, kindly include the exact error messages you are getting to give us an idea where to start. If you have already tried some troubleshooting steps before emailing us, make sure to mention them so we can skip them in our answers.
How to fix Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone
Are you having syncing troubles on your Fitbit device? Syncing is the term that refers to the transfer of data between your Fitbit device and another gadget, usually a phone or sometimes a computer. If your Fitbit Versa won’t sync to your iPhone and you have no idea why, there are a number of factors that you can check. Syncing occurs when your Fitbit Versa connects to your iPhone via Bluetooth so checking Bluetooth functionality is one of the basic things that you need to do. This troubleshooting article will show you what you can do if you can’t seem to sync your Fitbit to your iPhone.
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #1: Try to sync manually
The first troubleshooting step that you want to do in this case is to try to sync manually. Sometimes, the Fitbit app may encounter a bug that it can’t fix by itself. Helping it to sync manually at times help so be sure to do this. Here’s how it’s done:
1. Open Fitbit app on your iPhone.
2. Tap on your Fitbit device icon in the top left corner of your screen.
3. Tap Sync Now.
4. Check for the device.
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #2: Charge your Fitbit Versa
If your Fitbit Versa is off, it won’t be able to sync or transfer data to your iPhone. Make sure that you charge the device before syncing again.
To charge your Fitbit Versa:
1. Plug the charging cradle into the USB port on your computer or a UL-certified USB wall charger.
2. The charging cradle uses a spring clip to hold Versa in place while charging.
3. Pinch the spring clip and place Versa in the charging cradle. The pins on the charging cradle must align with the gold contacts on the back of the watch.
4. The connection is secure when the percent charged appears on screen.
5. While the watch charges, tap the screen to check the battery level. Tap the screen twice to use Versa while it charges
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #3: Restart Fitbit Versa
If your Fitbit Versa still won’t sync to your iPhone, the next move for you is to restart your Fitbit device. This is often effective in fixing minor or temporary bugs. Here’s how it’s done:
1. On your Fitbit Versa, go to the main or Home screen.
2. Swipe left on the screen until you see Settings.
3. Tap Settings.
4. Scroll down and tap About.
5. Select Shutdown.
6. Tap Yes to confirm shutdown.
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #4: Disconnect Bluetooth
If restarting the device won’t help, the next good thing to do is to restart the Bluetooth function. This is often effective in fixing most minor Bluetooth connection issues. The best way to re-establish Bluetooth connection is by disabling Bluetooth in your iPhone. Simply turn Bluetooth for a couple of seconds, then turn it back on.
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #5: Restart your iPhone
If Fitbit Versa still won’t sync to your iPhone, consider restarting your iPhone. Refer to this page for details on how to restart your specific iPhone.
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #6: Reinstall Fitbit app
In some cases, Fitbit Versa syncing issues are only fixed by reinstalling the Fitbit app. If you still have the problem at this time, be sure to delete Fitbit app from your iPhone. Then, restart your iPhone and reinstall the app afterwards.
Fitbit Versa won’t sync to iPhone fix #7: Factory reset your Fitbit Versa
Should nothing work and your Fitbit Versa still won’t sync to your iPhone, you want to factory reset the Fitbit device.
There are two ways to factory reset a Fitbit Versa. The easier way to wipe your watch is to do the first option so we suggest that you try this first (hard reset via Settings).
How to hard reset Fitbit Versa via Settings
Unless your Fitbit Versa fails to turn on, wiping your device via Settings menu should be your primary option. Don’t forget: factory reset will return the software to its defaults. This means that all your apps and personal data will be erased, including cards you added under Wallet.
If you want to sell or give the device away, we suggest that you remove the Fitbit Versa from your Fitbit account first and forget the device on your phone.
To remove a Fitbit Versa from your Fitbit account:
1. Go to www.fitbit.com and log in.
2. From the Dashboard, click the device you’d like to remove.
3. Scroll down to the bottom of the page.
4. Click Remove This Fitbit ( Versa) From Your Account and click OK.
Now, if you wish to go ahead with factory reset, follow the simple steps below:
1. On your Fitbit Versa, swipe left on the screen.
2. Continue swiping to the left until you find Settings app.
3. Tap Settings.
4. Swipe down and tap About.
5. Tap Factory Reset.
How to hard reset Fitbit Versa using hardware buttons
If you happen to be having an issue with your Fitbit Versa and it’s not allowing you to go to Settings menu, don’t worry. You should still be able to hard reset your Fitbit Versa using the hardware buttons. Again, this procedure will wipe the device and erase your personal data. Be sure to back your data up before doing the steps below.
1. On the Versa, hold all three buttons for about twelve seconds. This triggers the 2-button hardware reboot after about eight seconds.
2. When the Fitbit logo appears, then disappears, release the bottom right button, then continue holding the left and top right buttons until you feel a strong vibration. This indicates the factory reset was initiated.
3. This process may take several seconds, and eventually, the Fitbit logo appears and the device boots and displays go to Fitbit.com/setup.
4. If you fail to release the bottom right button in time, or otherwise don’t follow the procedure precisely, the Fitbit logo reappears quickly and boots without factory reset.
Engage with us
If you are one of the users who encounters a problem with your device, let us know. We offer solutions for Android-related problems for free so if you have an issue with your Android device, simply fill in the short questionnaire in this link and we will try to publish our answers in the next posts. We cannot guarantee a quick response so if your issue is time sensitive, please find another way to resolve your problem.
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Degree irregularity and rank probability bias in network meta‐analysis
Davies, Annabel L; Galla, Tobias
Research Synthesis Methods , (1-17) (2021)
Network meta‐analysis (NMA) is a statistical technique for the comparison of treatment options. Outcomes of Bayesian NMA include estimates of treatment effects, and the probabilities that each treatment is ranked best, second best and so on. How exactly network topology affects the accuracy and precision of these outcomes is not fully understood. Here we carry out a simulation study and find that disparity in the number of trials involving different treatments leads to a systematic bias in estimated rank probabilities. This bias is associated with an increased variation in the precision of treatment effect estimates. Using ideas from the theory of complex networks, we define a measure of “degree irregularity” to quantify asymmetry in the number of studies involving each treatment. Our simulations indicate that more regular networks have more precise treatment effect estimates and smaller bias of rank probabilities. Conversely, these topological effects are not observed for the accuracy of treatment effect estimates. This reinforces the importance of taking into account multiple measures, rather than making decisions based on a single metric. We also find that degree regularity is a better indicator for the accuracy and precision of parameter estimates in NMA than both the total number of studies in a network and the disparity in the number of trials per comparison. These results have implications for planning future trials. We demonstrate that choosing trials which reduce the network's irregularity can improve the precision and accuracy of parameter estimates from NMA.
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Naltrexone and Inflammatory Conditions
Naltrexone and Inflammatory Conditions
Dr. Constance Odom, MD Picture of Dr. Constance Odom, MD
Medically reviewed by
Written by our editorial team.
Last Edited 8 min read
Inflammatory conditions can be painful and prevent you from living your best life. Fortunately, a new anti-inflammatory treatment called Naltrexone is available. If you are dealing with inflammatory conditions, seek help from certified medical professionals, like the ones at Nu Image Medical. You can even get a Naltrexone online prescription through a telehealth consultation. Before getting your prescription, you must understand how Naltrexone can help your inflammatory condition.
What Is Inflammation?
Inflammation is the redness, swelling, and pain that shows up when your immune is trying to tell you that something is wrong. This is your body's way of protecting itself from infections, diseases, or further damage. While this information is intended to help protect you, it can get out of control leading to your body attacking healthy tissue. This creates chronic inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, fibromyalgia, chronic pain, and autoimmune disorders.
What Is Naltrexone?
Naltrexone is an affordable medication that can help keep an overactive immune system in check safely. It does this by reducing pain and fighting inflammation. Doctors have begun to use it to treat cancers, autoimmune disorders, chronic pain, and mental health issues. This treatment started recently and is continuously evolving, with new methods of treatment and conditions developing regularly.
Originally, Naltrexone was FDA approved for the treatment of opioid addiction. This is because it is an opioid receptor antagonist. In other words, it binds to your body's opioid receptors. This blocks the effects of both endorphins and pharmaceutical opioids. Although some people are afraid that it is addictive or an opioid, it is not. It is an inhibitor that prevents you from feeling a narcotic effect. Its chemical structure is similar to the opioids your body produces naturally. Therefore, it is a natural way to prevent people from feeling the impact of pharmaceutical opioids.
Naltrexone used for other purposes is often given at low doses. Most of the programs using Naltrexone are using only a few milligrams per day. You may have to take a little more for various conditions. Once in your system, the Naltrexone will bind to your endorphin receptors and provide a blockade for up to six hours. The result is that you will feel less inflammation.
You may also end up producing more endorphins in your body. Endorphins are peptides that your body naturally produces to help regulate your cell growth, including your immune cells. Many people with autoimmune disorders tend to have low levels of endorphins. Naltrexone can help by binding to your opioid receptors. This will create a blockade and force your body to produce more endorphins. So if you have an inflammatory condition, a telehealth consultation for a Naltrexone online prescription is your best option.
How Does Naltrexone Help?
Aside from opioid addiction, Naltrexone is most commonly used for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, multiple sclerosis, myalgic encephalopathy, autoimmune disorders, and cancers. Autoimmune disorders seem to be one of the most responsive diseases to this medication. This is a wide range of conditions, and some people find it difficult to believe that one drug can provide relief for all of these health conditions. The best way to explain this is that Naltrexone is an equal mixture of two isomers. One of the types binds to opioid receptors while the other attaches to immune cells. Although similar, these two isomers create different bodily responses.
Based on years of research, therapy was created for autoimmune disorders using low doses of Naltrexone. This therapy works by increasing the release of endorphins in your body. The result is a reduction in the growth of unwanted cells in your body. This helps keep your immune system under control. If you are experiencing a chronic inflammatory condition, getting a Naltrexone online prescription could provide you with the relief you need.
To begin your treatment, you will receive a low dose of Naltrexone. Over time, your doctor will increase the amount you are taking. However, Naltrexone loses its anti-inflammatory effects after a specific amount is administered, so make sure that you tell your doctor if the medication is too strong and causes side effects. As this medication takes effect in your body, you will notice that you have less inflammation. Once your excess inflammation has been reduced, your body will begin to heal, and you can enjoy a life with no more pain.
What Conditions Does Naltrexone Help?
Research has shown that Naltrexone can act as an anti-inflammatory for a variety of conditions. Some of the conditions that lead doctors to prescribe this medication include chronic pain, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and cancers. However, each person is different, so be sure to tell your doctor everything about your condition. This can be done through a telehealth consultation where you receive a Naltrexone online prescription
Is Naltrexone Safe?
Many people wonder if Naltrexone is safe to take for a long time. This early in the medication's use as an anti-inflammatory, safety data comes from clinical trials. Currently, there are too few clinical trials of Naltrexone as an anti-inflammatory to say anything about long term safety. However, there have been plenty of tests concerning this medication as a treatment for opioid addiction. Fortunately, all of these studies have only shown positive results and proven that Naltrexone is safe for long term use.
What Is Involved in a Naltrexone Treatment?
When you experience excess inflammation from a health condition, a Naltrexone treatment can help your body function properly and make you more comfortable. To start your treatment, your doctor will assess your medical history, symptoms, and lab work. Based on your diagnosis and individual condition, your doctor will provide you with an appropriate treatment plan. In some cases, you will only need minimal doses of this medication. Your doctor will help you find the right amount and prescribe it to you in person. If you need, your doctor may even be willing to do a telehealth consultation and give you a Naltrexone online prescription.
What Methods Can You Use to Take Naltrexone?
Naltrexone is available in liquid, capsules, under the tongue drops, cream, lotions, eye drops, or tablets. An oral liquid is one of the most popular ways of taking this medication. With this method, you will take the medication daily, measuring your dosage with a baby oral syringe. This also happens to be one of the cheapest ways to take this medication. Along the same lines, you can get under the tongue drops, which are great if you have issues swallowing or want to make sure the drug gets to your bloodstream as quickly as possible. To dose this medication, your doctor will tell you how many drops to put under your tongue. This method typically costs slightly more than oral liquids.
In the United States, capsules are available. However, it is recommended that you purchase them directly from a compounding pharmacy to ensure that you are getting the proper medication. Depending on the strength you need, these can be a cheap option or a more costly one.
There is help for your inflammatory condition. Contact a reputable wellness clinic, such as Nu Image Medical, to get started taking Naltrexone today. If necessary, you can even perform a telehealth consultation to get your Naltrexone online prescription.
Nu Image Medical® offers a new and futuristic approach to achieving optimal health and wellness. The company has been a weight loss, anti-aging and wellness provider since 2004 and offers medically supervised programs for medical weight losspeptideserectile dysfunctionscream cream, and hair loss (NuDew)
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The information contained herein is not a substitute for and should never be relied upon for professional medical advice. Always talk to your physician about the risks and benefits of any treatment. Nu Image Medical may not offer the medications or services mentioned in this article. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
How to Get to Japanesemassage
A desk job in Tokyo can be rewarding, but it can also lead to some unwelcome aches and pains. From sore shoulders to a strained neck, you might feel your muscles aching from your desk job. If you are not used to this Japanese massage system, you might find it difficult to get a good massage, even if you know the basics. For this reason, you should read this guide and learn more about this ancient Japanese art form.
While traditional Thai Massage is performed by two therapists, it can be done on your own as well. This massage is designed to stretch the muscles in the legs and help them feel refreshed. The leg stretches promote muscle suppleness and strength. These stretches also help prevent back and leg pains, tendon injuries, and muscle cramps. Healthy, supple legs and “open” joints will also promote better posture, optimal blood circulation, and a better ability to walk. And because the legs are a part of your torso, these stretches will help you maintain a good balance and range of motion for your feet.
The practice of Japanese massage, known as Anma, has a long and interesting history. It is thought to have originated in ancient China, and was later integrated into martial art trainings during the Shogun period. It is also believed that blind anma practitioners helped to spread the practice to the West and were popularized in Japanese cinema. It is important to note that the technique of Anma may have been influenced by Chinese massage, but its roots are largely rooted in Japanese massage.
Anma has its origins in Chinese medicine. It evolved from the practice of Tui Na, a traditional Chinese massage. It was brought to Japan along with acupuncture and herbal medicine. 오피오피걸 In the seventeenth century, Yoshida Ikyu Hisashi and the blind acupuncturist Waichi Sugiyama made it popular in Japan. During the Edo period, Anma became a part of Japanese massage history.
The principles of shiatsu and Japanese massage are similar in many ways. Both work on energy pathways within the body to improve overall balance and health. A basic shiatsu treatment involves stretching the patient’s body and concentrating pressure on specific acupressure points. These points are known to improve circulation and the functioning of the lymphatic system. Shiatsu practitioners use their thumbs, forefingers, elbows, knees, and other body parts to apply pressure to the body.
In shiatsu massage, the therapist uses the thumbs, fingers, elbows, and knees to apply pressure to key pressure points on the body. The therapist may ask the client to change positions, or may even perform body stretches. The therapist will apply pressure to specific pressure points with his or her hands and feet. Shiatsu massage is typically performed on a massage table or futon mat. There is some scientific evidence for the therapeutic effects of shiatsu.
This gentle massage, often referred to as tuina, has many benefits. The unique way it works is based on a specific vibrational pattern, or wave signal. These waves move through the points and channels of the body, affecting the qi, or energy in the body. This type of massage is particularly effective in addressing issues related to the back, including back pain, and is often accompanied by a thermal mud compress.
Traditional Japanese massage has deep roots in acupuncture and oriental medicine. Its primary goal is to promote health and balance the body’s energy flow. It is deeply relaxing and can help relieve stress and anxiety. The Japanese version of Japanese massage, known as shiatsu, was developed by Shogo Mochizuki, a descendant of a famous shiatsu master. In fact, this style of massage has become a worldwide phenomenon due to Serizawa’s Hollywood fame.
In Japan, a doctor must be licensed to perform seikotsu. This type of massage is best for individuals who have suffered an automobile or sports injury. While many of the Japanese massage centers are open to walk-ins, most operate on appointments. A quick Google search will yield results that show which shops offer the type of massage you are looking for. Generally, you can find seikotsu sessions near the red-light district and in most cities.
There are many types of Japanese massage. A popular type is shiatsu massage. Shiatsu uses strong palm and finger pressure to promote the flow of energy throughout the body. It is also effective for relieving headaches, soft tissue strains, and digestive disorders. This type of massage will also help relieve stress-related insomnia, headaches, and nerve pain. In addition to these benefits, shiatsu massage can also help relieve aching muscles and promote good health.
Traditional Thai massage has its origins in Buddhist culture. It was developed by Jivaka Kumar Bhaccha, a physician to the Buddha. After the Buddha’s death, the practice spread from India to Thailand, where it eventually became known as Thai massage. It was eventually influenced by traditional Chinese medicine. Today, it is practiced in Thailand and is credited to have healing powers. Thai massage stimulates internal organs and promotes flexibility.
While Western massages may target specific problems, Thai massage targets all parts of the body to promote relaxation. This therapy uses a series of stretching and pressure points to stimulate the body’s internal organs, as well as the lymphatic system. It is a holistic approach to health and is beneficial for people suffering from stress disorders. It also improves flexibility and balance. The traditional Thai medicine of massage emphasizes the concept of the human body as a whole, including the mind and spirit.
A full body treatment is necessary to get the maximum benefit from a Thai massage. Although athletes can still receive sports massage spot treating, they should go in for a full body treatment. Athletes’ muscles and joints are best able to function at their peak levels when all of the muscles work together. Thai massage is an excellent way to get your body ready for the next big game. With the added benefits of improved flexibility, you can enjoy your next sporting event more.
Although traditional Thai massage has a wide range of benefits, it can have adverse effects on certain people. People with preexisting medical conditions should consult a physician before receiving a Thai massage. If you have any medical conditions or are pregnant, you should consult with your doctor before scheduling a session. You should also ensure that you are comfortable and fully clothed while undergoing a Thai massage. It may be helpful to wear scrub-like clothing for the massage.
Ayurvedic medicine influenced Anma, and it uses a method known as pulse diagnosis. Ayurvedic practitioners use this technique to determine the balance of prana and doshas in a person. The manual of Shiatsu was published in the 17th century by Fujibayashi Ryohaku. The method became known as Shiatsu and anma. The Japanese government funded anma training in Kenya, and the school carries the tradition into the modern age.
Is shiatsu massage contraindicted for pregnancy? The following conditions may prevent you from receiving shiatsu massage. These include untreated hypertension, varices, and acute inflammations. People with heart conditions, high blood pressure, or limited range of motion should avoid Shiatsu massage. It is also not recommended during recovery from surgery. Consult your health care provider before getting shiatsu massage.
The goal of shiatsu is to relieve pain, and therapists use manual techniques to reach specific points on the body. During the massage, the therapist places pressure on these points with the intention of stimulating the flow of energy. The aim of shiatsu is to alleviate pain and promote a healthy body energy balance. While there is no scientific evidence to back shiatsu up, it’s not considered a contraindication in Japanese massage.
Shiatsu is popular among people of all ages and can be performed on elderly, young, and fragile people. It is also considered a relaxing massage, and it may be appealing to people who don’t like to remove clothing. People who are pregnant or breastfeeding should check with a health care professional to see if this type of massage is appropriate for them. Shiatsu can relieve chronic stress and insomnia, and may improve blood flow.
There are several benefits of shiatsu massage for Parkinson’s disease. This type of treatment helps to improve overall mood, which is important for those who suffer from the condition. While a reaction to shiatsu might occur, it will subside quickly. The benefits of shiatsu are enhanced by resting for at least an hour after the treatment. If you’re interested in trying this treatment for yourself, you can search for a shiatsu therapist in your area by visiting the website of the Shiatsu Society.
Shiatsu is a type of traditional Japanese massage therapy. This type of massage has been around for thousands of years and was first introduced to North America by Native Americans. It dates back to 3000 BC in pre-dynastic China. It is a very relaxing massage therapy that can also offer other health benefits. Whether you suffer from Parkinson’s disease or not, you can benefit from shiatsu! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
What’s the purpose of clustering keys in Snowflake tables? How do they impact performance?
0
What's the purpose of clustering keys in Snowflake tables. How do they impact performance?
Daniel Steinhold Changed status to publish August 6, 2023
0
In Snowflake, clustering keys are a feature designed to improve query performance by physically organizing data within a table based on the values of one or more columns. Clustering keys determine the order in which data is stored on disk, which can significantly enhance query performance, especially for large datasets. The purpose of clustering keys is to reduce the need for extensive data shuffling during query processing, leading to faster and more efficient query execution.
Key points about clustering keys and their impact on performance:
1. **Data Organization:** When a table is defined with clustering keys, Snowflake organizes the data in the table's underlying storage by sorting and storing rows based on the specified clustering key columns. This organization creates data "micro-partitions" that contain related rows together on disk.
2. **Minimized Data Movement:** Clustering keys can minimize the need for data movement during query processing because related data is co-located within the same micro-partitions. This reduces the amount of I/O required to read and process the data.
3. **Better Compression:** Data with similar values in clustering key columns is more likely to have similar values in other columns. This similarity improves compression ratios, reducing storage requirements and potentially improving query performance.
4. **Predicate Pushdown:** Clustering keys can improve predicate pushdown optimization. When querying on clustering key columns, Snowflake can skip reading entire micro-partitions that don't satisfy the query conditions, further improving query efficiency.
5. **Performance Gains:** Queries that leverage clustering keys for filtering and joining can experience significant performance gains, as the data needed for processing is more localized and requires fewer disk reads.
6. **Usage Considerations:** Clustering keys are particularly beneficial for large tables frequently queried based on certain columns. They might be less advantageous for smaller tables or tables with irregular access patterns.
Example of creating a table with clustering keys:
```sql
sqlCopy code
CREATE TABLE Sales (
SaleDate DATE,
ProductID INT,
Quantity INT,
Price DECIMAL(10, 2),
...
)
CLUSTER BY (SaleDate, ProductID);
```
In this example, the **`Sales`** table is defined with a clustering key **`(SaleDate, ProductID)`**. The data will be stored on disk in the order specified by these columns.
It's important to note that while clustering keys can greatly enhance performance, they require careful consideration during table design and are not suitable for every use case. The choice of which columns to use as clustering keys should be based on your data access patterns and query requirements. Regular monitoring and maintenance of clustering keys might also be necessary to ensure continued optimal performance as data evolves over time.
Daniel Steinhold Answered question August 6, 2023
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Bakkushan
Bakkushan was a German indie rock band formed in Mannheim. Their band name comes from the Japanese expression バックシャン (bakkushan, a woman that looks better from behind than from the front).
The band was formed in June 2007 by Daniel Schmidt, Christian Kalle, Robert Kerner and Jan Siekmann. In 2008, the band signed to EMI Virgin Records and during that year they won the Jägermeister Rock: Liga Video Contest and Beck’s On Stage Festival Challenge.
In 2010, they represented the state of Baden-Württemberg, in the Bundesvision Song Contest. They finished in 9th place with 39 points.
History
Bakkushan was formed by singer Schmidt together with Kalle, Kerner and Siekmann in July 2007 during their studies at the Popakademie Mannheim. Their first live performance was at the Academy on 28 July 2007. Schmidt developed the band's first EP at home on the computer, to be used as a demo. On the EP were the songs Baby du siehst gut aus, Lass die Sonne und mich allein and the song after which the EP was named, Springwut. The EP was released later in 2007 after the surprise success of the song Springwut. The accompanying music video was made without outside investors.
The first tour with almost 40 concerts was planned and completed successfully in 2008. After winning the Jägermeister Rock:Liga video contest, the band had the opportunity to film a professional music video for the song Springwut. The band also performed at Hurricane Festival 2008 after winning the Beck's On Stage Festival Challenge. After one concert, Bakkushan were offered a contract by a manager from the record label EMI. However they declined, wishing to further hone their sound, contacting the manager six months later to sign to the record label.
Under contract from EMI, Bakkushan began to work on their debut album in Cologne. Daniel Schmidt was joined in production by Moritz Enders, who had previously worked with Donots, Revolverheld, Livingston and Blackmail. The band toured Germany, Austria and Switzerland in early 2009. Their first single, Baby du siehst gut aus was released on 12 July 2009. The single was featured in the film Vortstadtkrokodil 2.
Bakkushan's eponymous debut album, Bakkushan was scheduled to be released on 11 September 2009 but was instead released on 26 March 2010. Two weeks prior, the single Alles war aus Gold had been released. On 16 April 2010, Bakkushan appeared on MTV Home. On the same day they reached number 96 in the German album chart, ahead of releases by Jennifer Rostock and. Bakkushan toured again in Germany and Austria throughout the Spring and Summer of 2010.
On 23 July 2010, Bakkushan released their third single Lass die Sonne und mich allein. Bakkushan represented Baden-Württemberg on 1 October 2010 at the Bundesvision Song Contest, playing their fourth single, Springwut, released on 27 September 2010. They reached ninth place with 39 points.
The band announced that they were close to finishing their second album in March 2012 alongside the release of a new single, Böse Mädchen feiern besser. This was followed on 29 June 2012, by Nur die Nacht. Two weeks later, on 13 July 2012, the band's sophomore album, Kopf im Sturm was released. The band released another single, Der letzte Mensch der Welt on 26 October 2012, before beginning their Kopf im Sturm tour throughout Germany.
Albums
* 2010: Bakkushan
* 2012 : Kopf Im Sturm
EPs
* 2007: Springwut
Singles
* 2009: Baby, du siehst gut aus
* 2010: Alles war aus Gold
* 2010: Lass die Sonne und mich allein
* 2010: Springwut
* 2012: Böse Mädchen feiern besser
* 2012: Nur die Nacht
* 2012: Der letzte Mensch der Welt | WIKI |
4 Key Upstream Energy Stocks to Buy Under $10 Now
InvestorPlace - Stock Market News, Stock Advice & Trading Tips
Following supply glut and lackluster global demand, oil prices remained low for more than three years. Since late 2014, crude oil went from over $90 a barrel to under $30. However, the market has recovered from their historic lows with prices finally rebounding to the $50 a barrel threshold mark. The improving commodity pricing environment looks somewhat sustainable on tightening supplies, improving demand outlook and OPEC deal extension talks.
However, while OPEC's moves to trim output and rebalance the demand-supply situation have stabilized the market to a large extent, in the process it has incentivized shale drillers to churn out more. Per Energy Information Administration's ("EIA") latest inventory release, U.S. production rose 88,500 barrels a day in September.
The overall picture for the sector seems rather optimistic.
The latest weekly release from Baker Hughes shows positive signs for the oversupplied oil market, wherein it reported a fall in oil and natural gas rig count in the United States. The total U.S. rig count fell by 4 to 936, for the week ended Oct 6. The rig count fell fourth time in the last five weeks as the energy companies reduce their spending.
Investors have also pinned hopes of recovery over the recent U.S. Energy Department's inventory releases that show multiple weeks of strong inventory draws in the domestic crude stockpiles - pointing to a slowdown in shale output. The latest report revealed that crude inventories slumped by 6 million barrels for the week ending Sep 29, following a decrease of 1.8 million barrels in the previous week.
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U.S. crude oil plus products comparative inventories have declined 120 million barrels in 26 of the last 32 weeks. Improving domestic demand scenario and increased crude oil exports support the data.
Adding to the positive momentum, OPEC and fellow exporters also announced plans to remain open to extend their production-cut agreement beyond March. Some cartel members including less compliant nations like Iraq have also signaled another around of supply cuts.
Energy bodies OPEC and IEA both recently raised global oil demand forecasts for the year, helping to tighten the market significantly.
All these factors point toward the growing stability of the oil industry for the remainder of 2017, along with growth prospects in 2018.
What We Believe
With a wide range of energy firms thronging the investment space, it is by no means an easy task for investors to arrive at stocks that have the potential to deliver attractive returns. It is not easy to be sure about such outperformers. This is where the Zacks Rank, which justifies a company's strong fundamentals, can come in really handy.
The Zacks Rank is a reliable tool that helps you to trade with confidence regardless of your trading style and risk tolerance. To learn more about how you can use this proven system for market-beating gains, visit Zacks Rank Education .
A stock's market price is not a clear indicator of whether it is a good investment. However, the best thing about the Zacks Rank is that it can be applied to stocks of any price. For investors looking to find solid energy stocks at lower prices, this list is a great place to start.
Low-priced stocks can be attractive to investors that can't necessarily afford large stakes in companies with higher priced stocks. Apart from requiring lower initial investment, these cheap stocks, especially the undervalued ones have high-growth potential. Generally, low priced stocks display a steep rise in their share price on a positive development, leading to handsome profits for investors.
The affordability factor also allows for improved diversification in investors' portfolios. Further, these low-priced stocks enable investors to purchase increased number of shares, leading to higher potential for dividend earnings.
Today we've highlighted four stocks that fall into the Oil and Gas Exploration & Production industry. Each of these stocks is currently trading for less than $10 per share and holds a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy). You can see the complete list of today's Zacks #1 Rank (Strong Buy) stocks here.
Take a look at the impressive earnings surprise history, solid fundamentals, growth potential and other factors that make these companies stick out right now.
4 Valuable Picks
Denbury Resources Inc. (NYSE: DNR ): Plano, TX-based Denbury is a growing oil and gas exploration and production company with strong activities in the areas of Gulf Coast and Rocky Mountain. The company has a relatively low-risk business model as it produces oil by applying tertiary recovery techniques to mature fields.
Denbury expects year-over-year growth of 10.8% and 950% in 2018 in its revenues and earnings respectively. The company posted an average positive earnings surprise of 25% in the last four quarters.
Abraxas Petroleum Corp. (NASDAQ: AXAS ): San Antonio, TX-based Abraxas Petroleum is an independent energy company, which deals with the exploration, production and development of oil and natural gas. The company has its operations spread across Rocky Mountain, Permian Basin and South Texas regions. The company's increased production guidance along with conservative capex budget also makes us optimistic about the prospects of the stock.
Abraxas expects year-over-year growth of 53.83% and 317.86% in 2017 in its revenues and earnings respectively. The company posted an average positive earnings surprise of 27.1% in the trailing four quarters. This might be a good choice for the investors who prefer low risk and low leveraged companies.
Bill Barrett Corporation (NYSE: BBG ): Headquartered in Denver, the company is engaged in the exploration and development of oil and natural gas in the Rocky Mountain region. Bill Barrett has projects in nine basins in the Rocky Mountains. The estimate revisions for the company are also moving in the right direction suggesting analysts are becoming a bit bullish on the firm's prospects in both the short and long term.
The estimates for loss have been narrowed by 1 cent for both the current year and the current quarter. The company's high liquidity also provides it with enough financial flexibility. The company posted an average positive earnings surprise 12.74% in the trailing four quarters.
Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NYSEAMERICAN: NOG ): With its head office in Wayzata, Minnesota, Northern Oil and Gas is an independent energy company that engages in the acquisition, exploration, development, and production of oil and natural gas properties in the United States. The company boasts a strong balance sheet and robust portfolio of assets. This makes it better poised to handle volatile market conditions than most of its peers.
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The company expects year-over-year growth of 43.24% in its revenues in 2017. Northern Oil and Gas posted an average positive earnings surprise of 66.67% in the trailing four quarters.
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The post 4 Key Upstream Energy Stocks to Buy Under $10 Now appeared first on InvestorPlace .
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
json2properties
NAME
json2properties — Convert a JSON object to a Java .properties file
SYNOPSIS
json2properties [<OPTIONS>] [<infile> [<outfile>]]
DESCRIPTION
Convert a JSON file infile to a .properties file and write the results to outfile. If not specified, infile and outfile default to standard input and standard output, respectively.
The JSON document must be an object with scalar (i.e., string, numeric, boolean, and/or null) values; anything else will result in an error.
Key ordering is preserved in the output by default (unless the --sort-keys option is given), and numeric, boolean, & null values are output using their JSON representations; e.g., the input:
{
"yes": true,
"no": "false",
"nothing": null
}
becomes:
#Mon Sep 26 18:57:44 UTC 2016
yes=true
no=false
nothing=null
Changed in version 0.7.0: Key ordering is now preserved by default instead of always being sorted
OPTIONS
-A, --ascii
New in version 0.6.0.
Escape all non-ASCII characters in the output with \uXXXX escape sequences. This overrides --unicode. This is the default behavior.
-c <comment>, --comment <comment>
New in version 0.5.0.
Show the given string as a comment at the top of the output
-E <encoding>, --encoding <encoding>
Use <encoding> as the output encoding; default value: iso-8859-1 (a.k.a. Latin-1)
-s <sep>, --separator <sep>
Use <sep> as the key-value separator in the output; default value: =
-S, --sort-keys
New in version 0.7.0.
Sort entries in output by key
-U, --unicode
New in version 0.6.0.
Output non-ASCII characters literally, except for characters that are not supported by the output encoding, which are escaped with \uXXXX escape sequences. This overrides --ascii. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF A KETO DIET?
Keto benefits go so much further than just turning your body into a fat-burning machine, although many fans come to it for this reason to begin with.
Studies show other incredible health benefits from controlling blood sugar and managing diabetes through to reducing inflammation and minimising menopausal symptoms.
FAT LOSS: initial weight loss is water however the key benefit for many of following a keto diet is long term fat loss, getting ‘fat adapted’ so your body is burning fat for fuel.
CONTROLLED BLOOD SUGAR: keto is clinically proven to manage Type 2 diabetes. Other benefits include balanced energy levels and minimised mood swings. You won’t miss the afternoon slump!
REDUCED CRAVINGS: due to the high fat nature of a keto lifestyle, you will remain fuller for much longer, reducing the need for a mid morning or mid afternoon snack.
INCREASED ENERGY: as the keto diet works wonders with controlling your blood sugar levels you are not going to be on an energy roller coaster during the day, say good bye to those mid afternoon energy slumps.
BETTER SLEEP: A combination of balanced hormones –cortisol, serotonin, and melatonin stop spiking – and no more sugar crashes can help to ultimately reset your circadian rhythm, boosting the quality of your sleep
FEMALE HORMONE BALANCING: it’s particularly effective for women managing menopausal symptoms. Because it optimises insulin and other hormone levels, you minimise symptoms such as hot flashes through to brain fog. It also reduces other menstrual issues and is an effective treatment for PCOS.
REDUCED INFLAMMATION: The combination of healthy anti-inflammatory fats together with a low sugar intake can reduce a wide range of inflammatory issues from joint pain to diabetes. A switch to a keto lifestyle is therefore an investment in your long-term health.
William S. Yancy Jr., MD, MHS, Maren K. Olsen, PhD, John R. Guyton, MD, et al., A Low-Carbohydrate, Ketogenic Diet versus a Low-Fat Diet To Treat Obesity and Hyperlipidemia - A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2004;
S KumarT Behl, M Sachdeva, A Sehgal, et al. Implicating the effect of ketogenic diet as a preventive measure to obesity and diabetes mellitus - Life sciences, 2021. Volume 264 - Elsevier
Gibson AA, Seimon RV, Lee CM, et al. Do ketogenic diets really suppress appetite? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Rev. 2015; 16: 64–76
Willi SM, Oexmann MJ, Wright NM, Collop NA, Key Jr LL. The effects of a high-protein, low-fat, ketogenic diet on adolescents with morbid obesity: body composition, blood chemistries, and sleep abnormalities. Pediatrics. 1998;101(1 Pt 1):61–7.
Volek, J. S., Westman, EC. (2002) Low carbohydrate weight-loss diets revisited. Cleve Clin J Med. 69: 849–862.
Paoli, A., Mancin, L., Giacona, M.C. et al. Effects of a ketogenic diet in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Transl Med 18, 104 (2020).
Pinto, A.; Bonucci, A.; Maggi, E.; Corsi, M.; Businaro, R. Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ketogenic Diet: New Perspectives for Neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s Disease. Antioxidants 2018, 7, 63 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State on account of sex"--Nineteenth Amendment, U.S. Constitution. Until the 1910s, most states did not give women the right to vote. The amendment was the culmination of the women 's suffrage movement in the United States, which fought at both state and national levels to achieve the vote. On August 18, 1920, it appeared that Tennessee had ratified the amendment, the result of a change of vote by 24 year-old legislator Harry Burn at the insistence of his elderly mother, but those against the amendment managed to delay official ratification (www.archives.gov). Tennessee played a key role in the passage of the 19th Amendment, which gave women the right to vote in 1920.
The history.com’s staff explains the stages that the women of the past went through to gain them the 19th Amendment on August 26, 1920. Simplified the 19th Amendment is the right for the citizens of the United States to be able to vote and not be denied by the United States or by any State on account of their sex. It talks about when the 14th amendment was ratified in 1868, it granted all citizen the right to be able to vote. But they defined “citizen as male”, giving the right to vote to the black men. Because of this many women, including Susan B. Anthony rallied and protested the 15th amendment, believing that it could push lawmakers into making it so that women could vote along with the men.
The 19th amendment was important because it granted women the right to vote, which was known as woman suffrage. It wasn’t until 1848 that the women’s movement for rights launched in Seneca Falls, NY. In order to get this, it took 70 years. On May 21,1919 U.S. representative James R. Mann, representative of Illinois and chairman of suffrage suggested a solution. It passed then 2 weeks later June 4 it was passed by the senate.
The 19th Amendment was passed on August 18th, 1920; women had been in a 70 year protest to finally gain women suffrage. Even after women gained equal voting rights as men, they struggled to get past the state laws that still held them unequal in numerous ways violating their natural rights. It wasn’t until 1974, almost 54 years after the amendment was passed, that the Supreme Court finally considered an Equal Pay Act, due to an employer paying women less than men for the same work (Corning Glass Works v. Brennan). Only a year before that, in 1973, did the supreme court revise and clarify that employers could not publish sex-segregated “Male/Female Help Wanted” ads. Although it may be protected under the constitutional right of freedom of speech and of the press, but instead was considered illegal because of sex-biased preference in hiring (Pittsburgh Press v. Pittsburgh Commission on Human Relations).
Women’s Suffrage: did or did it not change in America? Alice Paul, a young women fighting for rights, went on a hunger strike in prison to stand up for what she believed in. Paul and other suffragists were arrested and sent to Occoquan Workhouse, in Virginia. These women were fighting for their rights to vote, to be as equal as men.
The U.S. Constitution's 19th amendment, claimed to give citizens the right to vote disregarding their gender. This is a very important amendment because it sculpted voting to how we know it today. Males and females can vote in unity and have been able to do so since August 18th, 1920. The 19th amendment has provided a positive outcome as it has allowed every legal citizen to vote, being a male or female.
In 1832 women were excluded from voting in the Great Reform. In the same year there was the first petition on women’s suffrage to the British Parliament. ("Suffrage in Wartime."). The vote was granted on 6 February 1918 to women over thirty years old who owned properties or had husbands that did, and women over thirty-five who were graduates.
Women's suffrage was a huge change in history. This movement began nearly one hundred years before it was actually passed! Women wanted this movement to begin because they had figured out that they were not listened to, and wouldn’t be listened to, unless they were allowed to have the right to vote. Another reason women wanted this movement to pass, was because they felt very left out and very low compared to other people, after all, Black and Chinese people could vote before women could. There are a few main people who started some movement to get this Amendment going.
On this day in history January 31st, 1865 what is known as today the 13th Amendment was passed by congress. By being passed it was put into the United States Constitution, officially ended the institution of slavery. President Lincoln was successful for passing the law during the Civil War. Lincoln said “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to the jurisdiction.”
When historical events are published it is mainly because these events have importance. The 19th amendment allowed women to have a voice which is why this topic is popular. This article narrows down the steps to the 19th amendment. The National Archives published an article in order to inform the importance of the 19th amendment which gave women the right to vote. When women took this sacrifice it was so women become one step closer to having equal rights with men. | FINEWEB-EDU |
RVM Workflow for a New Rails App
/ Published in: Rails
Save to your folder(s)
You want to start a new Rails app. But you also want to start a new RVM gemset for the app so you can start with the latest Rails and gems. In this code snippet I show how I start off an up-to-date Rails project in a clean gemset.
Copy this code and paste it in your HTML
1. # create and use the new RVM gemset
2. $ rvm use --create 1.9.3@awesome_rails_project
3.
4. # install rails into the blank gemset
5. $ gem install rails
6.
7. # generate the new rails project
8. $ rails new awesome_rails_project
9.
10. # go into the new project directory and create an .rvmrc for the gemset
11. $ cd awesome_rails_project
12. $ rvm --rvmrc 1.9.3@awesome_rails_project
13.
14. # verify the rvmrc
15. $ cd ..; cd -
Report this snippet
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Foster the development of a strong peer network. It's probably no surprise to hear that peer relationships become a major source of support during adolescence. Encourage your child to engage in interests (like arts, music, and sports) that will help them develop and maintain friendships. If your child already has a very busy and structured schedule, try to carve out some time for more relaxed socializing. However, note that sometimes peers can be the source of anxiety, whether through peer pressure or bullying. Check in with your child about the nature of their relationships with others in their social circle (school or class).
Whenever i make mistakes i feels like im useless and a burden to everyone around me.. i feels like want to run away and go to someplace that i cant “hurt” anyone.. the feelings that i feel in my head and my chest i hate it very much. I wanted to scream and punch but i cant.. i dont want people to see me that i crazy or something so i shut the feelings inside. I am a person who can go happy easily and can get very down after a second.. i dont know what to do.. i thought this feelings i can control it.. i thought i was getting better if i just stay positive but whenever my actions are “hurting” my bestfriends or someone that i love.. this uncomfortable feelings just hit me so hard that i wanted to just go somewhere that nobody can see me again.. what should i do? I dont like this situations
What happens, exactly? "We all physically respond to stress," says Barbara O. Rothbaum, PhD, psychiatry professor and director, Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program, at Atlanta's Emory University School of Medicine. "You might feel anxious about work-related problems, taking a big exam, or making an important decision. But someone who suffers from panic disorder may react to those same moderate pressures with an exaggerated physical reaction-as if he or she were about to be attacked by a wild tiger or fall from a great height. It's full-on, adrenaline-pumping, fight-or-flight response."
Test anxiety is the uneasiness, apprehension, or nervousness felt by students who have a fear of failing an exam. Students who have test anxiety may experience any of the following: the association of grades with personal worth; fear of embarrassment by a teacher; fear of alienation from parents or friends; time pressures; or feeling a loss of control. Sweating, dizziness, headaches, racing heartbeats, nausea, fidgeting, uncontrollable crying or laughing and drumming on a desk are all common. Because test anxiety hinges on fear of negative evaluation,[26] debate exists as to whether test anxiety is itself a unique anxiety disorder or whether it is a specific type of social phobia.[27] The DSM-IV classifies test anxiety as a type of social phobia.[28]
iv suffered with severe anxiety since i suffered a massive panic attack 2 years ago on holiday in spain . i have battled with it and im still fighting now i go through times were im fine but other times like now im still fighting the anxiety attacks . the above advice has helped me so much :)one thing i wanted to ask does anxiety attacks cause headaches (pressure type) ? xxx
When you have an attack, your breath is too short and shallow, meaning it worsens further symptoms. Once you feel the panic – stand up and start doing some simple stretching. If you manage to squeeze in a yawn, that will help you tame the attack even faster. Stretching and yawning instantly helps you relieve muscle tension and interrupt the vicious cycle that is just about to roll in full strength.
There are long-term, biological, environmental, and social causes of panic attacks. In 1993, Fava et al. proposed a staging method of understanding the origins of disorders. The first stage in developing a disorder involves predisposing factors, such as genetics, personality, and a lack of wellbeing.[11] Panic disorder often occurs in early adulthood, although it may appear at any age. It occurs more frequently in women and more often in people with above-average intelligence. Various twin studies where one identical twin has an anxiety disorder have reported a 31–88% incidence of the other twin also having an anxiety disorder diagnosis.[12]
Everyone experiences anxiety from time to time. Perhaps the person has watched a scary move, or seen something upsetting on TV. Or, more ominous, perhaps the person has experienced or witnessed a crime. Anyone might get anxious in these situations, but the person with an anxiety disorder has persistent or recurrent anxiety that prevents him or her from full participation in life. Anxiety can range from relatively mild (occasional “butterflies,” jitteriness, accompanied by a sense of unease) to severe (frequent, disabling panic attacks). Severe anxiety disorders can lead the person to alter his lifestyle to accommodate the anxiety, for example not leaving home. More
Had my first panic attack today and wanted to be sure about what I was experiencing. I sat there crying hysterically, hyperventilating, chest shaking, my hands went very numb. Took me about 10 minutes to get sort of calm, sat in the shower for about half an hour afterwards to fully calm myself down. Every time I tried to focus on my breathing and taking longer breaths I would start hyperventilating again. Felt like I was choking, awful awful experience.
The theologian Paul Tillich characterized existential anxiety[23] as "the state in which a being is aware of its possible nonbeing" and he listed three categories for the nonbeing and resulting anxiety: ontic (fate and death), moral (guilt and condemnation), and spiritual (emptiness and meaninglessness). According to Tillich, the last of these three types of existential anxiety, i.e. spiritual anxiety, is predominant in modern times while the others were predominant in earlier periods. Tillich argues that this anxiety can be accepted as part of the human condition or it can be resisted but with negative consequences. In its pathological form, spiritual anxiety may tend to "drive the person toward the creation of certitude in systems of meaning which are supported by tradition and authority" even though such "undoubted certitude is not built on the rock of reality".[23]
Some types of drugs may work better for specific types of anxiety disorders, so people should work closely with their doctor to identify which medication is best for them. Certain substances such as caffeine, some over-the-counter cold medicines, illicit drugs, and herbal supplements may aggravate the symptoms of anxiety disorders or interact with prescribed medication. Patients should talk with their doctor, so they can learn which substances are safe and which to avoid.
What happens, exactly? "We all physically respond to stress," says Barbara O. Rothbaum, PhD, psychiatry professor and director, Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program, at Atlanta's Emory University School of Medicine. "You might feel anxious about work-related problems, taking a big exam, or making an important decision. But someone who suffers from panic disorder may react to those same moderate pressures with an exaggerated physical reaction-as if he or she were about to be attacked by a wild tiger or fall from a great height. It's full-on, adrenaline-pumping, fight-or-flight response."
When we are mildly concerned (worried, afraid), the stress response produces a mild reaction in the body. When we are greatly concerned/worried/afraid, the stress response produces a dramatic reaction in the body. Since the stress response is directly proportional to the degree of worry, a panic attack and its symptoms are generally the result of serious worry, concern, and fear.
The first step is to see your doctor to make sure there is no physical problem causing the symptoms. If an anxiety disorder is diagnosed, a mental health professional can work with you on the best treatment. Unfortunately, many people with anxiety disorders don’t seek help. They don’t realize that they have an illness that has effective treatments.
Characterized by a preoccupation with the belief that one's body or appearance are unattractive, ugly, abnormal or deformed. This preoccupation can be directed towards one or many physical attributes (e.g., acne, hair loss, facial features). Muscle dysmorphia is a subtype of this disorder that is characterized by belief that one's body is too small or insufficiently muscular.
Panic disorder involves repeated episodes of sudden feelings of intense anxiety and fear or terror that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). You may have feelings of impending doom, shortness of breath, chest pain, or a rapid, fluttering or pounding heart (heart palpitations). These panic attacks may lead to worrying about them happening again or avoiding situations in which they've occurred.
Signs of mental health difficulty can be different in the workplace than in other settings. The Harvard Mental Health Letter outlines signs that you may notice in your co-workers, which could indicate a significant problem. For anxiety disorders, these can include restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, excess worrying, and a general impairment in quality of work.
Generally, panic attacks are treated with reassurance and relaxation techniques. By definition, panic attacks last less than an hour, so many times a person already feels much better by the time he or she makes it to the doctor's office. Nevertheless, because the diagnosis is made by excluding more dangerous causes, people may be given medications during their attack.
Panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder that is characterized by fear and worry. One of the most salient symptoms is the experience of persistent and often unanticipated panic attacks. Panic attacks are typically experienced through a combination of frightening physical sensations and distressing thoughts and emotions. These attacks bring on severe apprehension and discomfort, despite a lack of actual threat or danger.
The electrocardiograph in a person with panic attacks often shows tachycardia, but does not usually show any of the changes typically seen in people with heart attacks or angina. However, if significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease are present, a noninvasive evaluation to rule out coronary artery disease (CAD) may sometimes be a good idea.
Social risk factors for anxiety include a history of trauma (e.g., physical, sexual or emotional abuse or assault), early life experiences and parenting factors (e.g., rejection, lack of warmth, high hostility, harsh discipline, high parental negative affect, anxious childrearing, modelling of dysfunctional and drug-abusing behaviour, discouragement of emotions, poor socialization, poor attachment, and child abuse and neglect), cultural factors (e.g., stoic families/cultures, persecuted minorities including the disabled), and socioeconomics (e.g., uneducated, unemployed, impoverished although developed countries have higher rates of anxiety disorders than developing countries).[57][89]
Anxiety cannot increase forever and you cannot experience peak levels of anxiety forever. Physiologically there is a point at which our anxiety cannot become any higher and our bodies will not maintain that peak level of anxiety indefinitely. At that point, there is nowhere for anxiety to go but down. It is uncomfortable to reach that peak but it is important to remember this anxiety will even out and then go down with time.
• Understand their distorted views of life stressors, such as other people's behavior or life events • Learn to decrease their sense of helplessness by recognizing and replacing panic-causing thoughts • Learn stress management and relaxation techniques to help when symptoms occur • Practice systematic desensitization and exposure therapy, in which they are asked to relax, then imagine the things that cause the anxiety, working from the least fearful to the most fearful. Gradual exposure to the real-life situation also has been used with success to help people overcome their fears.
Try to adopt a more casual attitude. so when you feel your heart start beating faster, say something to yourself like: Oops! Something set off my stress response, can’t see anything dangerous here. I’ll just wait for a few minutes for my brain and body to realize I’m not in any danger”. This type of self-talk is much better than “There’s something wrong with my heart! I’m having a heart attack, I’m dying!!”
People with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) display excessive anxiety or worry, most days for at least 6 months, about a number of things such as personal health, work, social interactions, and everyday routine life circumstances. The fear and anxiety can cause significant problems in areas of their life, such as social interactions, school, and work.
× | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Stream Fusion for Haskell Arrays | Data Type | Matrix (Mathematics)
Stream Fusion for Haskell Arrays
Don Stewart Galois Inc
Haskell's Data Types
Beautiful algebraic data types:
data Set a = Tip | Bin !Int a !(Set a) !(Set a)
Concise notation, inductive reasoning, type math! Polymorphic, strongly typed, side effect free Efficient. GCd. Strict, or lazy, or roll your own Pointers, pointers...
But for real speed...
Sometimes we need unboxed, flat structures:
Arrays in Haskell
biodiversity!
Data.Array Data.Array.Diff Data.Array.IO Data.Array.Storable Data.Array.ST Data.Array.Unboxed Data.Array.CArray Data.ArrayBZ Foreign.Array Foreign.Ptr Foreign.ForeignPtr Data.ByteString Data.ByteString.Lazy Data.PackedString Data.StorableVector Data.Vec BLAS.Matrix Data.Packed Data.Packed.Vector Data.Packed.Matrix
The Perfect Array Type
1.Very, very efficient. Ruthlessly fast. 2.Polymorphic 3.Pure 4.Rich list-like API 5.Compatible with C arrays, other arrays
Data Parallel Haskell
Project to target large multicore systems:
Chakravarty, Leshchinksiy, Peyton-Jones, Keller, Marlow
● ● ●
Parallel, distributed arrays, with good interface Built from flat, unlifted arrays The core of a better array type for mortals Built around array fusion
“Stream Fusion: From Lists to Streams to Nothing at All” Coutts, Leshchinskiy, Stewar.t 2007.
Key technique for making arrays flexible and fast
uvector: fast, flat, fused arrays
Two data types: mutable arrays and pure arrays
data BUArr e = BUArr !Int !Int ByteArray# data MBUArr s e = MBUArr !Int (MutableByteArray# s)
Fill the mutable array, freeze it, and get free substrings, and persistance. ● Low level Haskell
Primitive operations
length :: BUArr e -> Int length (BUArr _ n _) = n
class UAE e where sizeBU :: Int -> e -> Int indexBU :: BUArr e -> Int -> e readMBU :: MBUArr s e -> Int -> ST s e writeMBU :: MBUArr s e -> Int -> e -> ST s () newMBU :: UAE e => Int -> ST s (MBUArr s e)
Conversions
Zero-copying conversion from mutable to pure
unsafeFreezeMBU :: MBUArr s e -> Int -> ST s (BUArr e) unsafeFreezeMBU (MBUArr m mba) n = checkLen "unsafeFreezeMBU" m n $ ST $ \s -> (# s, BUArr 0 n (unsafeCoerce# mba) #)
Bounds checking compiled out if -funsafe
Array element instances
Simple per-type representation choices
instance UAE () where sizeBU _ _ = 0 indexBU (BUArr _ _ _) (I# _) = () readMBU (MBUArr _ _) (I# _) = ST $ \s -> (# s, () #) writeMBU (MBUArr _ _) (I# _) () = ST $ \s -> (# s, () #)
Goal 1: Efficiency
Can be a bit fancier...
instance UAE Bool where readMBU (MBUArr n mba) i@(I# i#) = ST $ \s -> case readWordArray# mba (bOOL_INDEX i#) s of (# s2, r# #) -> (# s2, (r# `and#` bOOL_BIT i#) `neWord#` int2Word# 0# # bOOL_INDEX :: Int# -> Int# #if SIZEOF_HSWORD == 4 bOOL_INDEX i# = i# `uncheckedIShiftRA#` 5# #elif SIZEOF_HSWORD == 8 bOOL_INDEX i# = i# `uncheckedIShiftRA#` 6# #endif
Relax. Low level stuff done.
Goal 2: polymorphic
Abstract over the primitive arrays
class UA e where data UArr e data MUArr e :: * -> * lengthU indexU :: UArr e -> Int :: UArr e -> Int -> e
lengthMU :: MUArr e s -> Int newMU :: Int -> ST s (MUArr e s) freezeMU :: MUArr e s -> Int -> ST s (UArr e) readMU writeMU :: MUArr e s -> Int -> ST s e :: MUArr e s -> Int -> e -> ST s ()
Goal 3a: Pure
Introducing UArr .. purely!
newU :: UA => -> -> e Int (forall s. MUArr e s -> ST s Int) UArr e
newU n init = runST (do ma <- newMU n n' <- init ma freezeMU ma n' )
Mutation encapsulate in ST monad.
Flexible array representations
instance UA () where newtype UArr () = UAUnit Int newtype MUArr () s = MUAUnit Int lengthU (UAUnit n) = n indexU (UAUnit _) _ = () sliceU (UAUnit _) _ n = UAUnit n lengthMU (MUAUnit n) = newMU n = readMU (MUAUnit _) _ = writeMU (MUAUnit _) _ _= freezeMU (MUAUnit _) n n return $ MUAUnit n return () return () = return $ UAUnit n
Goal 4: list-like operations
data (:*:) a b = !a :*: !b instance (UA a, UA b) => UA (a :*: b) where data UArr (a :*: b) = UAProd !(UArr a) !(UArr b)
data MUArr (a :*: b) s = MUAProd !(MUArr a s) !(MUArr b s) indexU (UAProd l r) i = indexU l i :*: indexU r i
Support for numeric stuff
instance (RealFloat a, UA a) => UA (Complex a) where newtype UArr (Complex a) = UAComplex (UArr (a :*: a)) newtype MUArr (Complex a) s = MUAComplex (MUArr (a :*: a) s) indexU (UAComplex arr) i = case indexU arr i of (a :*: b) -> a :+ b
But that's not the end
Strict, pure arrays are a bit too inefficient Too much copying, not enough sharing Impure languages would just mutate inplace But we need to find some other way to deforest.
Goal 1&2: Efficiency Stream Fusion
data Step s a = Done | Skip !s | Yield !a !s data Stream a = exists s. Stream (s -> Step s a) !s Int
Abstract sequence transformers ● Non-recursive ● General fusion rule for removing intermediates ● We'll convert arrays into abstract sequences ● Non-recursive things we can optimise ruthlessly
Conversion to and from arrays
streamU :: UA a => UArr a -> Stream a streamU arr = Stream next 0 n where n = lengthU arr next i | i == n = Done | otherwise = Yield (arr `indexU` i) (i+1) unstreamU :: UA a => Stream a -> UArr a unstreamU st@(Stream next s n) = newDynU n (\marr -> unstreamMU marr st)
Convert recursive array loops to non-recursive streams
mapU :: (UA e, UA e') => (e -> e') -> UArr e -> UArr e' mapU f = unstreamU . mapS f . streamU headU :: UA e => UArr e -> e headU = headS . StreamU lastU :: UA e => UArr e -> e lastU = foldlU (flip const)
The fusion rule
Use rules to remove redundant conversions
"streamU/unstreamU" forall s. streamU (unstreamU s) = s
Compositions of non-recursive functions left over ● Then combine streams using general optimisations ● Arrays at the end will be fused from the combined stream pipeline
Filling a mutable array
unstreamMU :: UA a => MUArr a s -> Stream a -> ST s Int unstreamMU marr (Stream next s n) = fill s 0 where fill s !i = case next s of Done -> return i Skip s' -> s' `seq` fill s' i Yield x s' -> s' `seq` do writeMU marr i x fill s' (i+1)
New streams
emptyS :: Stream a emptyS = Stream (const Done) () 0 replicateS :: Int -> a -> Stream a replicateS n x = Stream next 0 n where next i | i == n = Done | otherwise = Yield x (i+1) enumFromToS :: (Ord a, RealFrac a) => a -> a -> Stream a enumFromToS n m = Stream next n (truncate (m - n)) where lim = m + 1/2 next s | s > lim = Done | otherwise = Yield s (s+1)
Transforming streams
mapS :: (a -> b) -> Stream a -> Stream b mapS f (Stream next s n) = Stream next' s n where next' s = case next s of Done -> Done Skip s' -> Skip s' Yield x s' -> Yield (f x) s' foldS :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Stream a -> b foldS f z (Stream next s _) = fold z s where fold !z s = case next s of Yield x !s' -> fold (f z x) s' Skip !s' -> fold z s' Done -> z
Zipping streams
zipWithS :: (a -> b -> c) -> Stream a -> Stream b -> Stream c zipWithS f (Stream next1 s m) (Stream next2 t n) = Stream next (s :*: t) m where next (s :*: t) = case next1 s of Done -> Done Skip s' -> Skip (s' :*: t) Yield x s' -> case next2 t of Done -> Done Skip t' -> Skip (s :*: t') Yield y t' -> Yield (f x y) (s' :*: t')
Arrays to streams to nothing at all ...
Future
Allow users to pick and choose between fused or direct implementations Write some big programs in this style Goal 4: more conversions from other array types (e.g. ByteStrings, Ptr a) Conversions to and from other sequence types via streams – no overhead for the conversion DPH's goals: parallel nested arrays, fusible mutable arrays.
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What Are the Benefits of Ginkgo Biloba?
Ginkgo biloba is believed to improve memory and sharpen thinking, states WebMD. It may be used to treat Alzheimer's disease, and it also acts as an antioxidant. Evidence suggests that ginkgo biloba relieves pain in the leg caused by clogged arteries, and it may help with other circulatory problems.
Ginkgo biloba may help to relieve symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome, including mood shifts and breast tenderness. Some people take ginkgo biloba for ADHD, depression and other psychological conditions. It may be used to treat vascular tinnitus and multiple sclerosis. People who suffer from high altitude sickness may take ginkgo biloba for relief, according to WebMD.
Depression and Lyme disease are other ailments that can be treated using ginkgo biloba, as well as asthma, bronchitis, sexual dysfunction and macular degeneration, explains WebMD. Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest tree species in the world. Uses of this herb for medical purposes date back to ancient times. A ginkgo tree can live as long as a thousand years. Ginkgo biloba seeds are said to contain certain substances that kill harmful bacteria and fungi that cause infections in the body, which could be one of the reasons why it is so beneficial for treating many medical conditions.
Possible side effects of taking ginkgo biloba include upset stomach, dizziness, nausea, headache and gas. Although rare, allergic reactions can occur. Signs of an allergic reaction to ginkgo biloba include rash, hives, tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing. There may also be swelling in the mouth, tongue, lips or face, states Drugs.com.
Pregnant and nursing women should avoid ginkgo biloba unless otherwise specified by a health care professional, warns Drugs.com. Children should not take ginkgo biloba.
Research on ginkgo biloba is still ongoing, as of 2015. Studies suggest that there are other health benefits, but they are not yet confirmed, notes WebMD. Because the long-term effects are undetermined, caution should be exercised when taking ginkgo biloba. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Portal:Africa/Did you know/4
* ...that Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello, a Nigerian Senator from the People's Democratic Party, is the daughter of former President Olusegun Obasanjo?
* ...that the 2007 South Africa miners' strike, which impacted over 240,000 workers, was the first ever industry-wide miners' strike in the history of South Africa?
* ...that Seleh Leha, a town in Tigray Region in northern Ethiopia, was the site of a leprosarium built during the Italian occupation of East Africa and abandoned in 1941?
* ...that Sarir field, an oil field in Cyrenaica operated by the Arabian Gulf Oil Company (AGOCO), is considered to be the largest in Libya, with estimated oil reserves of 12 Goilbbl? | WIKI |
11of 12 jurors in the Walter Scott murder trial are white
Jurors have been selected in the criminal trial of Michael Slager, the South Carolina police officer accused of murder in the death of Walter Scott last year. All but one of the 12 jurors is white — a black man was selected, along with six white men and five white women. Scott's death drew fierce reactions after a bystander video emerged of Slager, a North Charleston police officer, shooting Scott eight times as he ran away from the officer. The image of a white officer shooting an unarmed black man ignited a firestorm of protests and debate over police violence against minorities. Slager's attorneys disqualified nine potential jurors, seven of whom were minorities, triggering the prosecution to challenge whether they were using race as the basis for striking them, according to the Associated Press. However the challenge was dropped when the defense provided detailed reasons for the disqualifications. One potential juror, for example, reportedly did not have a good understanding of English, while another was a friend of a medical examiner who is expected to testify. Scott family attorney Justin Bamberg did not seem bothered by the racial makeup of the jury. "White people believe in justice, too," he said, according to CNN. Slager was indicted on a murder charge in June 2015, and if convicted, could face life in prison. He also faces federal charges for obstruction of justice, violating Scott's civil rights, and unlawful use of his weapon in the commission of a crime. Opening statements of the trial began Thursday. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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