Document stringlengths 87 1.67M | Source stringclasses 5 values |
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Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...Nf6/2. e5/2...Nd5/3. d4/3...d6/4. c4/4...Nb6/5. f4/5...dxe5/6. fxe5
The white center is now very strong. Black has two main options to counter it.
* /6...Nc6/ attacks the d4 pawn. This pawn cannot be pushed as the e pawn would be left en prise.
* /6...c5/ is far riskier. After 7. d5, Black can be strangled. This game is going to be very tactical.
/6...Bf5/ is also possible & keeps the option of ...c5 before ...Nc6, but it tends to transpose into 6...Nc6.
Theory table
.
'1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4. c4 Nb6 5. f4 dxe5 6. fxe5' | WIKI |
Sauna Benefits
June 28, 2016
by Thrive Market
Sauna Benefits
“No goal was ever met without a little sweat.” The inspirational poster has dogged humans for years with constant reminders that hard work pays off—but it turns out we have been duped. A little sweat while relaxing in a sauna can just as well lead to incredible health goals, without even lifting a finger or batting an eye.
Saunas are small, enclosed rooms filled with dry heat and set to very high temperatures (typically between 150 and 185 degrees Fahrenheit). They are meant for relaxation and cleansing purposes. Though there is no set time for how long to stay inside, it’s recommended that you begin in small increments and go no longer than 30 minutes due to the combined high heat and risk of dehydration from profusely sweating. If you are pregnant or have a chronic health condition, consult your doctor first.
Most frequently, saunas are found in fitness centers, day spas, and even homes (see these tips for how to hack your bathroom). With such convenient access, there’s little excuse not to use them on the regular—especially when you consider that doing so can detoxify the body, ease joint pain, and even lead to a better workout.
How many different types of saunas are there?
Here’s a fun fact—”sauna” is the only Finnish word in the English language. It translates to bath or bathhouse, and its origins go back nearly 2,000 years when it was first invented by digging into ground embankments or building small log structures with only a small air vent. Rocks were then heated in a stone stove, and the process took more than a half-day to fill the one-room enclosure with hot air. Today’s options are a bit more progressive and unique, with numerous variations that each have their own unique heating methods.
Wood-burning sauna
The wood-burning sauna takes the most inspiration from its historical predecessors. It has a central stove that uses fire-burning wood to heat the entire room. As such, this type of sauna can become quite hot, but the bather is able to control the overall heat in the room by adjusting a temperature gauge. Other than sanitation, there is not much maintenance required with this variety.
Electric heater sauna
Though they only got their start a few decades ago, saunas that operate by use of an electrical heater are now the most common in the world. The heater is plugged in and can be mounted to any of the walls or to the floor in order to heat up the space. This type is praised for its efficiency and safety, particularly since the temperature from an electric heater is much easier to control, often giving the individual the ability to make easy adjustments via a remote control. Similar to its wood-burning counterparts, electric heater saunas require very little upkeep and are cost-effective.
Infrared sauna
The infrared sauna is the newest innovation that has recently become available for use in sweat therapy. Unlike other saunas that use conventional methods of heating the air or entire room, infrared options use rays of light that transfer heat directly to the individual’s skin without affecting the temperatures of nearby surroundings. Because of this, no steam is used in infrared sauna rooms, and the temperatures are considerably less drastic. This type is primarily used for physical therapy applications for patients that are experiencing minor ailments, or as preparation for professional athletes competing in upcoming sporting events.
Sauna vs. steam room
Another option is a steam room. Though similar in theory—both make your internal temperature rise and induce sweat—this is not a sauna at all. Rather than using dry heat, steam rooms are “wet,” working with conditions of 100% humidity that produce cloudy air. Some may find humid air more intolerable, though steam rooms are great for added moisturization and relieving any kind of respiratory issue.
The health benefits of using a sauna
Saunas are one of the most natural ways of allowing the body to perspire, which is important for cleansing pores, removing toxic agents from the body, and relaxing the mind (which can relieve stress and improve happiness). Sweat therapy, as it’s come to be known, has also been the focus of recent studies that have kept a watchful eye on just how much good it does for physical health. Here are just some of the findings.
• Reduced risk of heart disease: According to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, dry saunas can be almost as good as exercise when it comes to promoting heart health. In patients with diabetes, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol, sitting in a low-heat sauna for 15 minutes a day, three to five times per week improved blood vessel and heart function. This is likely due to the fact that high heat dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow as well as overall circulation.
• Assistance in weight loss: Though you will lose weight after sweating in a sauna a few days a week, this is just water weight, which will be added back on the next time you have a meal. However, the benefit of regular sauna usage is that it provides some level of cardiovascular conditioning. The high temperatures naturally increase heart rates, which mimics the levels you could achieve while doing moderate exercise. So, when combined with a physical exercise program, saunas can almost double your efforts.
• Easing joint pain and asthma: Good news for arthritic and asthmatic patients—studies from the Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health illustrate that all the sweating from sauna heat can actually help to ease joint pain and improve breathing conditions. The improved circulation from high heat situations is key for joints, while increased temperatures also helps encourage blood flow to the lungs and allows the air sacs to take in more oxygen. As well, sweating opens pores across the skin, which contributes to the release of harmful toxins, improves hygiene, and promotes an overall feeling of wellness.
Improving the sauna experience
Just the act of sitting in a sauna for 15 minutes can provide numerous benefits and single-handedly improve personal health. However, adding in these extra steps can have an even greater impact on getting the most of out each session.
Apply a facial mask to prime the skin
The sauna is an invaluable resource for deep cleansing the skin, especially on the face where dirt and oil can build up. As a pre-sauna treatment, apply this revitalizing face mask to help get rid of dead skin cells and begin the steps to revealing a healthier complexion. The natural ingredients present in this hypoallergenic mask are a safe and gentle way to open pores—and when combined with a trip to the sauna, your skin will feel even more youthful and nourished.
Exfoliate the rest of your skin
Before heading in for sweat therapy, gently exfoliate your body. This relaxing body scrub will slough away dead skin cells, so when you head into the sauna, your pores can release all the deep-down toxins that may have been trapped. And that will leave you feeling great and looking even more radiant.
Hit the shower
Taking a quick shower beforehand will remove surface dirt and oil from the body and can maximize the effect of the impending deep sweat. Hopping back in the shower afterwards will cool down your body temperature and also ensure complete sanitation, especially after using a shared space like a sauna. Make the experience even more pleasant with this island citrus body wash that will kickstart a relaxing mood.
Stay hydrated
A typical 20-minute session in the sauna can draw as much as one quarter of water from the body as you engage in a deep sweat. It’s imperative you replace those lost fluids so that your body has the hydration and vital nutrients it needs to optimally function. Pack your gym bag with a bottle or two of refreshing coconut water, which not only tastes great but also replenishes the water, electrolytes, potassium, and sodium that may have been lost through perspiration. Unlike sports drinks, it also doesn’t have the unnecessary sugar content.
Enjoy the cool down
The time directly after a sauna can lead to deep relaxation, and in some cases, the best sleep you’ve ever had. It is recommended to take a brief shower or a dip in the pool to cool the body down before resuming the rest of the activities of the day. At night, a good cup of tea with herbal remedies will help to promote a restful sleep (or even a short nap during the day).
Devise a total detox plan
If you really want to take detoxifying to the next level, combine sauna therapy with a complete detox diet plan that can help reach the final goal of maximum wellness. Doing so will allow your digestive system to release toxins in the same way sweating does for your skin. To get started, try Thrive Market’s five-day detox plan.
Saunas are still gaining traction as a healthy lifestyle choice
Researchers have only begun to scratch the surface of what is possible from using a sauna on a regular basis. Not only does this method of therapy provide relaxation to the muscles and joints of the body, it also works to release endorphins that act as natural painkillers, relieving the aches and soreness of a long day or week.
Visiting these heated rooms should be done in conjunction with a healthy diet and frequent exercise, and physicians have stressed that patients should consult with them first before starting any new regimen.
Photo credit: Trinette Reed via Stocksy
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Raw Matcha Ice Cream Cake Recipe | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Hardcode keystore into java program
Discussion in 'Java' started by Fritz Bayer, Oct 24, 2004.
1. Fritz Bayer
Fritz Bayer Guest
Hi,
I generated a keystore file with the java keytool. Now I would like to
import the data via copy and paste into my java source code and store
the data as a String.
To achieve this I did the following steps:
1. native2ascii -encoding utf-8 keystorefile iso8859_keystore_data.txt
2. Replace " in the iso8859_keystore_data.txt with \"
3. Replace newlines in the iso8859_keystore_data.txt with \n
4. Copy and paste the data into my program.
When I load the keystore using " trustStore.load(new
ByteArrayInputStream(copyAndPastedString.getBytes("utf-8")),
password);" I get an exception saying that the Format is invalid. So
somewhere along the conversion the data get altered.
For all the IO pros out there I have some questions, which I think
will help me get closer to the solution of the problem.
1. Are the keystore files created with the java keytool actually
encoded in utf-8? Which encoding is used - I assumed its utf-8...
2. Generally speaking should I use the string "utf-8" or "utf8" in my
java program, when for example using String.getBytes(String encoding)
?
3. Do you know a program, which reads a utf-8 encoded file and writes
the data to a new file thereby producing only unicode escapes ? (This
would save step 2 and 3, which are error prone)
Fritz
Fritz Bayer, Oct 24, 2004
#1
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2. Fritz Bayer
Rogan Dawes Guest
Fritz Bayer wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I generated a keystore file with the java keytool. Now I would like to
> import the data via copy and paste into my java source code and store
> the data as a String.
>
> To achieve this I did the following steps:
>
> 1. native2ascii -encoding utf-8 keystorefile iso8859_keystore_data.txt
> 2. Replace " in the iso8859_keystore_data.txt with \"
> 3. Replace newlines in the iso8859_keystore_data.txt with \n
> 4. Copy and paste the data into my program.
Don't do that. Rather package your keystore and your class together in a
jar file. Your code might look something like:
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
ks.load(ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("MyStore"), "passwd");
Read the javadocs for getSystemResourceAsStream() or even
getResourceAsStream() for info about how the file is located.
If you HAVE to embed the keystore in your class, store it as a byte
array. That way, there is no conversion, and no corruption.
i.e. write a short program that reads an input stream, and writes the
individual bytes out, formatted in such a way as to be a Java parseable
byte array definition. Then copy and paste that output into your code.
You can probably then create a ByteArrayInputStream to read your
keystore from.
e.g.
byte[] keystore = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, ...... }; // MANY lines!!
InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(keystore);
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
ks.load(is, "passwd");
Regards,
Rogan
--
Rogan Dawes
*ALL* messages to will be dropped, and added
to my blacklist. Please respond to "nntp AT dawes DOT za DOT net"
Rogan Dawes, Oct 25, 2004
#2
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Eudoros (c. 100s BCE – 48 BCE), also known as The Hippo, was a Greek scribe who served in the royal court of pharaoh Ptolemy XIII. He was also a member of the Order of the Ancients who sought to manipulate the young pharaoh for their own gain.
Hailing from Greece, Eudoros excelled at the Peripatetic school of philosophy, becoming an accomplished philosopher. He later moved to Alexandria, where he became one of the most respected intellectuals in the city, eventually becoming a scribe in Ptolemy XIII's royal court. Eudoros also suffered from a discomforting skin condition, resulting in him frequenting the bathhouse to ease his condition.
At some point in 48 BCE, Eudoros wrote a work on the Nile like his fellow philosopher Aristo of Alexandria. Eudoros plagiarised his work on the Nile and after months of argument used his position as the Royal Scribe to accuse and charge Aristo with plagiarism, causing him to be arrested by the phylakitai.
That same year, Eudoros wrote a letter to Medunamun, a fellow member known as The Ibis, informing him to remain vigilant due to recent deaths of the other members, namely Rudjek, Actaeon, and Ktesos. Eudoros kept these letters in his office at the Ptolemaic Royal Palace, and they were eventually found by the Medjay Bayek of Siwa, who later infiltrated the bathhouse that Eudoros was in and killed him with the Hidden Blade. The incident cost Bayek his ring finger during a brief struggle between the two. As Eudoros laid dying, Bayek accused him of being the Snake, who was responsible for his son Khemu's death, but Eudoros taunted that the Snake could never die.
- In the Official Guide, Eudoros is listed as being born in Greece. Historically, however, he was born in Alexandria.
- When infiltrating the bathhouse, a man can be heard saying that Eudoros likes to stare at naked boys, suggesting that Eudoros is possibly homosexual or bisexual.
- Eudoros himself mentions how he "should never have consorted with that sailor", believing his skin condition to have been a venereal disease.
- The name Eudoros is derived from the words εὖ (eû) meaning 'well' and δῶρον (dôron), meaning 'gift'. In Modern Greek, Εὔδωρος (Eudóros) means 'well-gifted'.
- After assassinating Eudoros, an opium pipe and hippopotamus meat are looted from his body. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nickelodeon (Africa)
The result was no consensus. slakr \ talk / 13:59, 19 February 2014 (UTC)
Nickelodeon (Africa)
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Pure list of programs that are the same as the original channel. Finealt (talk) 22:11, 10 February 2014 (UTC)
* Delete Unsourced in any way, and article seems to have been wholesale taken over by the IP crufters prevalent with children's television articles. We need sources before a weak keep can even be thought of. Nate • ( chatter ) 04:35, 11 February 2014 (UTC)
* Change to Keep Based on nominator's rash of Nickelodeon noms without much WP:BEFORE done (and subsequent block), I pull my recommendation to delete this article, and looking back most of the edits have been done by gnomy IPs just doing good adding the feed's shows carried rather than what the nominator wanted us to believe. I do not support wool-pulling noms meant to mislead me towards delete as the only course of action. Nate • ( chatter ) 23:51, 16 February 2014 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Africa-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 14:45, 11 February 2014 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Television-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 14:45, 11 February 2014 (UTC)
* Comment There's another AfD nomination for Nickelodeon (Europe). Should these nominations be addressed jointly? The Blue Canoe 07:20, 12 February 2014 (UTC)
* They might be named the same but they have different layouts; Europe mainly explains the various feeds, this ostensibly should be the same but was turned into another 'anything goes' list of shows article by the usual group of IP editors who just seem to be here to play 'fantasy TV network', using an article they know few will catch them on unlike the Western Hemisphere and Europe articles. Nate • ( chatter ) 02:09, 13 February 2014 (UTC)
* I take back what I said above; the nominator clearly wanted delete votes based on a malformed and untrue reason for deletion. Nate • ( chatter ) 23:51, 16 February 2014 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Dual-Modality Activity-Based Probes as Molecular Imaging Agents for Vascular Inflammation JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE Withana, N. P., Saito, T., Ma, X., Garland, M., Liu, C., Kosuge, H., Amsallem, M., Verdoes, M., Ofori, L. O., Fischbein, M., Arakawa, M., Cheng, Z., McConnell, M. V., Bogyo, M. 2016; 57 (10): 1583-1590
Abstract
Macrophages are cellular mediators of vascular inflammation and are involved in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. These immune cells secrete proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases and cathepsins that contribute to disease formation and progression. Here, we demonstrate that activity-based probes (ABPs) targeting cysteine cathepsins can be used in murine models of atherosclerosis to noninvasively image activated macrophage populations using both optical and PET/CT methods. The probes can also be used to topically label human carotid plaques demonstrating similar specific labeling of activated macrophage populations.Macrophage-rich carotid lesions were induced in FVB mice fed on a high-fat diet by streptozotocin injection followed by ligation of the left common carotid artery. Mice with carotid atherosclerotic plaques were injected with the optical or dual-modality probes BMV109 and BMV101, respectively, via the tail vein and noninvasively imaged by optical and small-animal PET/CT at different time points. After noninvasive imaging, the murine carotid arteries were imaged in situ and ex vivo, followed by immunofluorescence staining to confirm target labeling. Additionally, human carotid plaques were topically labeled with the probe and analyzed by both sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence staining to confirm the primary targets of the probe.Quantitative analysis of the signal intensity from both optical and PET/CT imaging showed significantly higher levels of accumulation of BMV109 and BMV101 (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively) in the ligated left carotid arteries than the right carotid or healthy arteries. Immunofluorescence staining for macrophages in cross-sectional slices of the murine artery demonstrated substantial infiltration of macrophages in the neointima and adventitia of the ligated left carotid arteries compared with the right. Analysis of the human plaque tissues by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed that the primary targets of the probe were cathepsins X, B, S, and L. Immunofluorescence labeling of the human tissue with the probe demonstrated colocalization of the probe with CD68, elastin, and cathepsin S, similar to that observed in the experimental carotid inflammation murine model.We demonstrate that ABPs targeting the cysteine cathepsins can be used in murine models of atherosclerosis to noninvasively image activated macrophage populations using both optical and PET/CT methods. The probes could also be used to topically label human carotid plaques demonstrating similar specific labeling of activated macrophage populations. Therefore, ABPs targeting the cysteine cathepsins are potentially valuable new reagents for rapid and noninvasive imaging of atherosclerotic disease progression and plaque vulnerability.
View details for DOI 10.2967/jnumed.115.171553
View details for PubMedID 27199363 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Photoclinic: Hooked Finger
December 1, 2005
A3-year-old boy was at home with his cousinwho was preparing for a fishing trip when afishhook accidentally became lodged in thedistal part of the child’s right middle finger(A).
A3-year-old boy was at home with his cousinwho was preparing for a fishing trip when afishhook accidentally became lodged in thedistal part of the child's right middle finger(A). There was mild erythema and swelling,with tenderness on palpation. No bleeding or dischargewas noted. The patient had full range of motion, withnormal sensation and capillary refill. Remaining examinationfindings were unremarkable. Radiographic viewsof the affected area confirmed the absence of bony infiltration(B).
The child was afebrile, active, alert, and in no apparentdistress. He had no significant medical history;his immunizations were up-to-date.
There are multiple approaches to dislodging a subcutaneousfishhook.1 Abu Khan,MD, and Mathew Ednick of Brooklyn,NY, emphasize that fishhook removalis unlike other foreign-bodyremoval because advancementthrough an alternative site is moresuccessful than removal through theinitial point of penetration.
The best way to extract abarbed fishhook is the "cut and advance"method:
• A wire cutter or trauma shear isused to sever the back end of thehook and shorten the overall length(C).
• After the affected area is anesthetizedand cleansed thoroughly, the fishhook is slowly advanced forward through a differentintact site in the skin. This method resulted in successfulremoval of the hook from the patient's finger (D).
The wound is cleaned with an alcohol swab, andtopical antibiotic lotion is applied. The finger is thenwrapped in sterile bandages.
When bone involvement is suspected, imagingstudies are needed to verify the hook's position before itis removed. When there is bone involvement, the hookis pulled back before it is advanced through the softtissue. Consider tetanus toxoid and prophylactic antibioticsin patients whose immunization status is unknownor not up-to-date.
References:
REFERENCE:
1.
Gammons MG, Jackson E. Fishhook removal.
Am Fam Physician
. 2001;63:2231-2236. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Mirror of Rails Spatial Adapter
Ruby
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README
init.rb
rakefile.rb
README
=Spatial Adapter for Rails
This is the Spatial Adapter for Rails 0.1.1. It is a plugin for Rails which manages the MySql Spatial and PostGIS geometric columns in a transparent way (that is like the other base data type columns). It also provides a way to manage these columns in migrations. It replaces both the "PostGIS Adapter for Rails" and "MySql Spatial Adapter for Rails" plugins.
===Dependencies
You need to install a version >= 0.1.1 of the GeoRuby gem (http://rubyforge.org/projects/georuby/) :
gem install georuby
===Installation
At the root of your Rails project, type :
script\plugin install svn://rubyforge.org/var/svn/georuby/SpatialAdapter/trunk/spatial_adapter
You need to have SVN installed.
===Operations
Geometric columns in your ActiveRecord models now appear just like any other column of other basic data types. They can also be dumped in ruby schema mode and loaded in migrations the same way as columns of basic types.
==== Migrations
Here is an example of code for the creation of a table with a geometric column in PostGIS, along with the addition of a spatial index on the column :
ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
create_table "table_points", :force => true do |t|
t.column "data", :string
t.column "geom", :point, :null=>false, :srid => 123, :with_z => true
end
add_index "table_points", "geom", :spatial=>true
end
Here is a related statement valid for MySql version <= 5.0.16 :
ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
create_table "table_points", ;options=>"ENGINE=MyISAM", :force => true do |t|
t.column "data", :string
t.column "geom", :point, :null=>false
end
add_index "table_points", "geom", :spatial=>true
end
The differences with the PostGIS version are because of the following reasons :
- On all version of MySql, the :srid and :with_z would be ignored, since they are not supported.
- On MySql versions <= 5.0.16, you have to add <tt>:options => "ENGINE=MyISAM"</tt> to the create_table statetement, since only MyISAM tables can have geometric columns.
==== Model
Here is the model you would use, in both MySql and PostGIS:
class TablePoint < ActiveRecord::Base
end
That was easy! As you see, there is no need to declare a column as geometric. The plugin will get this information by itself.
==== Access
Here is an example of PostGIS row creation and access, using the model and the table defined above :
pt = TablePoint.new(:data => "Hello!",:geom => Point.from_x_y_z(-1.6,2.8,-3.4,123))
pt.save
pt = TablePoint.find_first
puts pt.geom.x #access the geom column like any other
For MySQL, it is slightly different since it does not support Z dimension or SRID :
pt = TablePoint.new(:data => "Hello!",:geom => Point.from_x_y(-1.6,2.8))
pt.save
pt = TablePoint.find_first
puts pt.geom.x #access the geom column like any other
==== Fixtures
If you use fixtures for your unit tests, at some point, you will want to input a geometry. You could transform your geometries to a form suitable for YAML yourself everytime but the spatial adapter provides a method to do it for you: +to_yaml+. It works for both MySQL and PostGIS (although the string returned is different for each database). You would use it like this, if the geometric column is a point:
fixture:
id: 1
data: HELLO
geom: <%= Point.from_x_y(123.5,321.9).to_yaml %>
==== Find_by
find_by_[column] has been redefined when column is of a geometric type. Instead of using the Rails default '=' operator, for which I can't see a definition for MySql spatial datatypes and which performs a bounding box equality test in PostGIS, it uses a bounding box intersection: && in PostGIS and MBRIntersects in MySQL, which can both make use of a spatial index if one is present to speed up the queries. You could use this query, for example, if you need to display data from the database: You would want only the geometries which are in the screen rectangle and you could use a bounding box query for that. Since this is a common case, it is the default. You have 2 ways to use the find_by_[geom_column]: Either by passing a geometric object directly, or passing an array with the 2 opposite corners of a bounding box (with 2 or 3 coordinates depending of the dimension of the data).
Park.find_by_geom(LineString.from_coordinates([[1.4,5.6],[2.7,8.9],[1.6,5.6]]))
or
Park.find_by_geom([[3,5.6],[19.98,5.9]])
In PostGIS, since you can only use operations with geometries with the same SRID, you can add a third element representing the SRID of the bounding box to the array. It is by default set to -1:
Park.find_by_geom([[3,5.6],[19.98,5.9],123])
==== Geometric data types
Ruby geometric datatypes are currently made available only through the GeoRuby library (http://thepochisuperstarmegashow.com/ProjectsDoc/georuby-doc/index.html): This is where the <tt>Point.from_x_y</tt> in the example above comes from. It is a goal of a future release of the Spatial Adapter to support additional geometric datatype libraries, such as Ruby/GEOS, as long as they can support reading and writing of EWKB.
===Warning
- If you use a version of MySQL before 5.0.16, only tables using the MyISAM engine can support geometric columns. After MySQL 5.0.16, any engine (incuding INNODB) is supported.
- Since ActiveRecord seems to keep only the string values directly returned from the database, it translates from these to the correct types everytime an attribute is read, which is probably ok for simple types, but might be less than efficient for geometries, since the EWKB string has to be parsed everytime. Also it means you cannot modify the geometry object returned from an attribute directly :
place = Place.find_first
place.the_geom.y=123456.7
- Since the translation to a geometry is performed everytime the_geom is read, the change to y will not be saved! You would have to do something like this :
place = Place.find_first
the_geom = place.the_geom
the_geom.y=123456.7
place.the_geom = the_geom
===Changes since last version
- The PostGIS adapter and the MySql Spatial adapter have been merged into one plugin. The correct files to load is determined using the type of connection defined in the environment.
- Geometric columns can now be dumped just like other base data types. This means you can use the ruby schema mode, even if you use the plugin.
- Support of M dimensions in migrations. The <tt>:dimension</tt> key in the column definition has disappeared and has been replaced by <tt>:with_z</tt> and <tt>:with_m</tt>.
- Addition of unit tests. At the plugin root, Run <tt>rake test:mysql</tt> to run the mysql tests and <tt>rake test:postgis</tt> for the postgis ones. You will need to configure your connection in <tt>test/db/database_mysql.yml</tt> and <tt>test/db/database_postgis.yml</tt>. If you get errors on your platform, please report to mailto:guilhem.vellut+georuby@gmail.com.
- Addition of a find_by methods with a special behaviour for geometries
- Addition of a to_yaml method to use inside a YAML fixture
===TODO
- Support of other geometric datatype libraries in addition to GeoRuby
- Tutorials
===License
The Spatial Adapter for Rails is released under the MIT license.
===Support
Any questions, enhancement proposals, bug notifications or corrections can be sent to mailto:guilhem.vellut+georuby@gmail.com. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Table of Contents
# $EPIC: corpattern.txt,v 1.4 2007/03/02 02:32:04 jnelson Exp $
Synopsis:
$corpattern(<string> <var1> <var2>)
Description:
The <string> argument is a dword, which is different than most functions.
This function is the reverse operation of copattern, and the complementary operation of corfilter.
This function is closely related to rpattern, which returns all of the wildcard patterns in a word list that match a literal string.
All of the cor* functions take a literal string, and two variable names. The first variable should contain a word list of wildcard patterns, and the second variable should contain a word list. The string is matched against each of the patterns in the first list, and depending on the result, the corresponding word in the second list is included or excluded in the resturn value.
The corpattern function returns all those words in $<var2> that correspond in position to those patterns in $<var1> that match the <string>.
Parsing ends whenever the shorter of the two word lists runs out of words. Therefore, the two word lists should have the same number of words.
The literal <string> may be optionally surrounded by double quotes, if the word contains spaces. The double quotes are not considered part of the string for the purposes of matching.
Returns:
The words from $<var2> that correspond to all of the patterns in $<var1> that match the <string>.
Examples:
@ friends = [ooga!bob@*.foo.com *!tom@*.com]
@ levels = [20 10]
$corpattern(ooga!bob@lace.foo.com friends levels) returns "20"
$corpattern(hype!tom@bar.com friends levels) returns "10" | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Am I Right webmaster interviewed on radio show
Please provide original reporting notes prior to applying the tag. --Brian McNeil / talk 22:35, 24 September 2006 (UTC)
I'm sorry about that; I didn't know. The part about what features are on the site is (the third paragraph) was original research. Do I mention that here or in the article? Thanks. <IP_ADDRESS> 22:46, 24 September 2006 (UTC) | WIKI |
Bronchitis – How Do You Know That Your Child Has It?
Bronchitis is as a result of inflammation of the large bronchi also known as the medium sized airways. The cause is either a bacterial or viral infection. This can affect anyone. This includes children. Bronchitis in children is as a result of the two pathogens. When the cause is a viral pathogen, the symptoms usually disappear in a matter of days on their own.
Bacterial infections need to be medicated using antibiotics and should be taken together with an expectorant cough syrup. This syrup helps expel harmful bacteria from the lungs. Antihistamines should not be used as they work against the expectorant cough syrup. They thicken the mucous making it hard for it to be expelled out of the lungs. For a successful recovery from a bronchitis infection, medication should be taken after having gotten proper prescription from the doctor. The medication should be taken at the right time and the right dosage.
Usually, you will notice that when a child has bronchitis she feels better after two or three days of taking the medication. This does not mean that you stop giving it to her. For a complete treatment of the condition, a full dosage is quite important. It is also good to teach your child the importance of completing the medication.
A child usually starts having a dry cough when she is getting a bronchitis infection. This cough is usually dry and can even wake her up at night. After a few days, the cough becomes productive. This can be followed by other symptoms such as fever, fatigue, chest pains, headache and general body weakness. These symptoms usually disappear in a few days. The cough can last for up to a month. Bronchitis can lead to pneumonia. It is therefore very important to seek medical advice immediately. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Art of Fugue discography
This is a list of commercial recordings of Johann Sebastian Bach's The Art of Fugue.
* Without recording date – to be inserted in the list | WIKI |
Home / Articles /
IE 6 Blocker Script
Fed up with supporting IE 6? Ready to just cut it off? I don't blame you. I generally feel that most problems people have with IE 6 are pretty easy to work around with practice, but that is not always the case, and I feel like the JavaScript support is even more problematic for developers.
Many times it just comes down to how best to spend your time. If you have to choose between designing and coding a neat new feature of your website that 80% of your audience will use and enjoy or work on troubleshooting IE 6 bugs for the 20% (and shrinking) portion of your audience, I'd go with the new feature.
But then the question arises as to just HOW you are going to stop supporting IE 6. Do you just do nothing, and let layouts be borked and functionality be severed? I would argue that is a bad idea. If you stop supporting IE 6, do it with confidence and inform that portion of your audience of what they can do!
Enter the IE 6 Blocker Script. Using a little simple JavaScript browser detection and some jQuery, we can drop our IE 6 support with a very clear message.
View DemoDownload Files
Below we'll detail a how it works and how to use it.
Includes and Browser Detection
In the <head> section of the site, we'll need to include both jQuery and the script file.
...
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.2.6.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.ie6blocker.js"></script>
</head>
The ie6blocker.js script does the browser detection on its first line:
var IE6 = (navigator.userAgent.indexOf("MSIE 6")>=0) ? true : false;
if(IE6) {
... do stuff ...
}
Alternatively, we could have done our browser detection right within the HTML file with a conditional comments statement:
<!--[if IE 6]>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.ie6blocker.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
However, since with our technique we'll need JavaScript enabled for it to work anyway, we might as well just let the JavaScript do the detecting. You could also do it both ways...
The jQuery
Now that we have detected for IE 6, we'll be using jQuery to build some new page elements and insert them onto the page. The goal is a transparent black overlay for the whole screen (rendering the site recognizable but useless). Then above that, a centered message box explaining the sites intentional lack of support for IE 6. To lighten the blow a little, you may want to offer an alternate way of viewing your content (such as the blogs RSS feed). Some people are not able to upgrade their browsers, so a message telling them to do that alone may not be good enough.
Two div's will be needed. One for the overlay, and one for the message box. We can create them, CSS, content, and all, right within the jQuery JavaScript:
Here is the overlay:
$("<div>")
.css({
'position': 'absolute',
'top': '0px',
'left': '0px',
backgroundColor: 'black',
'opacity': '0.75',
'width': '100%',
'height': $(window).height(),
zIndex: 5000
})
.appendTo("body");
With a modern browser, we could just set the top, right, bottom, and left all to 0px, but IE 6 doesn't like that, so we need to set the top and left to 0px, and the width to 100%. The height is a bit trickier. Setting it to 100% doesn't work in IE 6. We could just use a really large static number, but that's no fun, and will trigger a scrollbar that may not be necessary. Many "lightbox" overlays make use of the proprietary CSS "expressions" to get the window height like this:
height: expression(document.body.scrollHeight > document.body.offsetHeight ? document.body.scrollHeight : document.body.offsetHeight + 'px');
That's not going to work for us here, because jQuery applies this styling "inline" and it won't be calculated that way. Fortunately for us, jQuery now has the ability to calculate the window height. (The newer versions of jQuery have the old dimensions plugin built in). A high z-index value is also used here to make sure the overlay sits on top of all other content.
Here is the message box:
$("<div><img src='no-ie6.png' alt='' style='float: left;'/><p><br /><strong>Sorry! This page doesn't support Internet Explorer 6.</strong><br /><br />If you'd like to read our content please <a href='http://getfirefox.org'>upgrade your browser</a> or <a href='http://feeds.feedburner.com/CssTricks'>subscribe to our RSS feed</a>.</p>")
.css({
backgroundColor: 'white',
'top': '50%',
'left': '50%',
marginLeft: -210,
marginTop: -100,
width: 410,
paddingRight: 10,
height: 200,
'position': 'absolute',
zIndex: 6000
})
.appendTo("body");
Notice all the markup for the message box is right in there, in one big jQuery object. The CSS of interest here is that we set the left and top values to 50% and then pull it back into center with negative margins (the theory). Then we use a higher z-index value still to put it above the overlay.
That should do it! Pretty simple really. Feel free to download the files, alter them in anyway you see fit, and use them for yourself.
View DemoDownload Files
Note: I'm not advocating that every single site in the world drop their IE 6 support. I merely offer this up as a tutorial and theory on how this can be done. You should make your own decisions based on your own audience on whether you will support IE 6 or not. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Canon's New Compact Wireless Printer
Canon's New Compact Wireless Printer Lets You Print Selfies on the Go Jay Brenner By Kacy Burdette April 19, 2018
Canon has a new pocket-sized portable printer called the IVY Mini Photo Printer that lets you print photos from your smartphone without any cables.
Through the Canon App, users can print 2 in. x 3 in. photos or stickers in high-resolution via Bluetooth in a matter of seconds. The printer, announced on Thursday, has a rechargeable battery and uses ZINK Zero Ink technology, which means that ink cartridges are unnecessary. Courtesy of Canon
The printer, which costs $129.99 and comes with a pack of 10 sheets of photo paper, is available in rose gold, mint green, and slate gray. It is 4.7 × 3.2 × 0.7 inches and weighs 5.6 oz. SPONSORED FINANCIAL CONTENT | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Author:Václav Hanka
Works
Probably an co-author of
* Queen's Court Manuscript (1817 forgery of an alleged medieval manuscript, with Josef Linda)
* Zelená Hora Manuscript (another 19th-century forgery of a manuscript, with Josef Linda)
Poems
* Čekání
* Hněw
* Nářek
* Často zamyšlený
* Blue Eyes
* The Rose
* Accompanying Home
* Farewell
Works about Hanka
* "Waslaw Hanka" in the Cheskian Anthology by John Bowring | WIKI |
Connect your PC to a TV: Three simple solutions
July 13th, 2010 61,747 0
Connecting a PC to your TV opens up tons of possibilities, but getting the two devices to play nicely together isn’t always easy. Follow our simple guide, and we’ll show you how its done, and the benefits to connecting your two most prized high-tech possessions!
Hook up with HDMI
If your laptop has a HDMI connection, you’re in luck. This is the simplest and fastest way to connect a laptop to your TV. All you need is a single cable between the two – assuming your TV has an HDMI connection too.
HDMI cables transfer sound and pictures with one wire, so there’s no mess and no confusion. Even the connectors on each end are the same, so you can’t plug it in the wrong way!
Once it’s hooked up, head to your display settings by right clicking on the Windows Desktop. Here you’ll be able to choose which screen is used to display what. You can watch a movie on the big screen, while continuing to work on the laptop, or set the TV to mirror what’s shown on the laptop’s screen, letting you run presentations.
Lastly, make sure your sound driver is set to HDMI under Windows sound settings in the control panel. This will make sure all your audio is sent to the TV’s speakers, letting you enjoy the very best in HDMI home entertainment!
Share pictures with PC Input
Most TVs have a PC Input connection. It’s actually a VGA connection, and is simple to hook up to your laptop or desktop computer. Just use a standard VGA cable, and you’ll see the desktop appear on the big screen as soon as you change to the right channel.
There are several downsides to using the PC Input connection instead of a HDMI hook-up. For a start, it won’t provide the simple high definition pictures of a HDMI connection, and you’ll need a separate cable running from the laptop’s headphone socket to the TV’s red and white audio connections to audio too.
You’ll also find there are fewer options for displaying pictures on the TV, with most systems simply mirroring what’s shown on the main laptop screen.
However, if you’re giving a presentation, enjoying photo slideshows, or simply want to demonstrate websites and applications to a large group of people, PC Input is a simple and relatively foolproof option.
Use next-generation WiDi
Some of the latest laptops, such as our Satellite A660, come with Intel’s Wireless Display, or WiDi, technology built in. Hook up an adapter box to your TV, connect it to your home Wi-Fi network, and you’ll be all set to send pictures from your laptop to the big screen without any cables at all.
WiDi adapter boxes hook up to your TV’s HDMI connection, and act as a bridge between the television and your home network. Once it’s up and running, you simply need to load the Wireless Display application from the PC’s start menu. You’ll instantly see the computer’s display on the big screen, and it’ll send sound to the TV too, making sure it’s perfectly in sync with the pictures on-screen. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
in C/C++, Solution
On 2 dimensional array of C++
I was asked about this today. In practice, I rarely use 2-dimensional array, instead I use vector of vectors.
To allocate a 2-d array on the stack, a C-style array is
int d[2][3];
Then to refer to an element it is like
d[i][j];
To make a dynamical allocation, one can NOT write his code like this
int **wrong_d = new int[2][3];
since the d in int d[2][3]; is not a int**, instead it is of the type
int (*)[3]
or in your evil human words, it is a int[3] pointer.
It is a little tricky to declare a 2-d array dynamically.
int (*d)[3] = new int[2][3];
Or
int v1 = 2;
int (*d)[3] = new int[v1][3];
The number 3 here can NOT be replace by a non-constant. My understanding is that since this value is associated with the type of d, in a strong type language like C/C++ which should be known by the compiler.
We can check the size of variables to verify this interpretation.
1 #include
2
3 using namespace std;
4
5 int main(int argc, char **argv)
6 {
7 int v1 = 2;
8 int (*d)[3] = new int[v1][3];
9 cout << "sizeof(d): " << sizeof(d) << endl;
10 cout << "sizeof(d[0]): " << sizeof(d[0]) << endl;
11 cout << "sizeof(d[1]): " << sizeof(d[1]) << endl;
12 cout << "sizeof(d[0][0]): " << sizeof(d[0][0]) << endl;
13 return 0;
14 }
The output is:
$./test
sizeof(d): 8 //< 2 pointers, &d[0] and &d[1]
sizeof(d[0]): 12 //< int[3], d[0][0] d[0][1] d[0][2]
sizeof(d[1]): 12 //< int[3], d[1][0] d[1][1] d[1][2]
sizeof(d[0][0]): 4 //< an integer
To save your life, I would recommend to use vectors.
int v1 = 2;
int v2 = 3;
vector > d(v1, vector(v2, 0));
Write a Comment
Comment | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
STATE OF CONNECTICUT v. BENTON O’NEIL DAWES
(AC 30292)
Bishop, Gruendel and Pellegrino, Js.
Argued March 17
officially released July 6, 2010
Raymond L. Durelli, special public defender, for the appellant (defendant).
Rocco A. Chiarenza, special deputy assistant state’s attorney, with whom, on the brief, were David I. Cohen, state’s attorney, and James M. Bemardi, supervisory assistant state’s attorney, for the appellee (state).
Opinion
GRUENDEL, J.
The defendant, Benton O’Neil Dawes, appeals from the judgment of conviction, rendered after a jury trial, of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes §§ 53a-55 (a) (1) and 53a-55a. He claims that (1) prosecutorial impropriety deprived him of a fair trial, (2) this court should exercise its supervisory powers and set aside his conviction because the prosecutor engaged in deliberate pros-ecutorial impropriety and (3) the trial court improperly failed sua sponte to instruct the jury on a statutory exception to self-defense. We affirm the judgment of the trial court.
On the basis of the evidence presented at trial, the jury reasonably could have found the following facts. At all relevant times, the defendant owned the Cool Runnings bar on Stillwater Avenue in Stamford. On June 16, 2006, the defendant was involved in an altercation with Vaness Ford, a bar patron, regarding the use of a billiard table. The defendant exited the bar and reported the altercation to a nearby police officer. In response, the officer entered the bar, approached Ford and requested that he vacate the premises. Ford complied. Once outside, Ford informed the officer that the defendant was carrying a handgun. When the officer later asked the defendant about that allegation, he responded that “everybody knows I have a gun.”
Twelve days later, another altercation between the defendant and Ford transpired. On the evening of June 28, 2006, the defendant walked from his bar to the nearby Two Brothers grocery store to purchase lottery tickets. Upon entering, he encountered Ford, and an argument ensued concerning the events of June 16, 2006. As the argument escalated, Ford jabbed his finger into the defendant’s forehead, and the defendant responded by throwing a bottle of juice his way. When the defendant charged Ford, Ford tackled him to the ground, repeatedly punching the defendant and striking him with a can that had fallen from a shelf. The defendant eventually asked Ford to get off of him, and Ford complied. Backing away from the defendant, Ford took off his shirt and proclaimed that “I am stronger than you are, and I can do whatever I want to you.” The defendant replied, “Okay, you beat me, but this doesn’t finish here. You are going to see who I am.” At that moment, the defendant took out his handgun and fired a gunshot at Ford, causing him to collapse to the ground.
When Officer Jerry Junes arrived at the scene, he found Ford lying on the floor with a gunshot wound to his throat. Ford died a short time later. While at the scene, the defendant stated to Junes, “Officer, I did it.” Junes and other officers of the Stamford police department collected evidence, including the weapon used in the shooting, a shell casing found on the floor, blood samples and a surveillance tape that captured the encounter, and interviewed witnesses, including Yamil Taveras, owner of the grocery store, Jose Gilberto Leonardo, a store employee, and Andre DeJesus, a patron present during the encounter.
The defendant thereafter was arrested and charged, by long form information dated July 12, 2006, with manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of §§ 53a-55 (a) (1) and 53a-55a. A trial followed, at which the defendant presented a theory of self-defense and testified. At the conclusion thereof, the jury found the defendant guilty. The court rendered judgment accordingly and sentenced the defendant to twenty-five years incarceration, execution suspended after fourteen years, with five years of probation. From that judgment, the defendant appeals.
I
The defendant first claims that prosecutorial impropriety during closing argument deprived him of a fair trial. We disagree.
It is well established that “a claim of prosecutorial impropriety, even in the absence of an objection, has constitutional implications and requires a due process analysis under State v. Williams, 204 Conn. 523, 535-40, 529 A.2d 653 (1987). ... In analyzing claims of prosecutorial impropriety, we engage in a two step process. . . . First, we must determine whether any impropriety in fact occurred; second, we must examine whether that impropriety, or the cumulative effect of multiple improprieties, deprived the defendant of his due process right to a fair trial. ... To determine whether the defendant was deprived of his due process right to a fair trial, we must determine whether the sum total of [the prosecutor’s] improprieties rendered the defendant’s [trial] fundamentally unfair, in violation of his right to due process. . . . The question of whether the defendant has been prejudiced by prosecutorial [impropriety], therefore, depends on whether there is a reasonable likelihood that the jury’s verdict would have been different absent the sum total of the improprieties. . . .
“The . . . determination of whether the defendant was deprived of his right to a fair trial . . . involve [s] the application of the factors set out by this court in State v. Williams, [supra, 204 Conn. 540], ... In determining whether prosecutorial [impropriety] was so serious as to amount to a denial of due process, [this] court, in conformity with courts in other jurisdictions, has focused on several factors. Among them are the extent to which the [impropriety] was invited by defense conduct or argument . . . the severity of the [impropriety] . . . the frequency of the [impropriety] . . . the centrality of the [impropriety] to the critical issues in the case . . . the strength of the curative measures adopted . . . and the strength of the state’s case.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Gould, 290 Conn. 70, 77-78, 961 A.2d 975 (2009).
“[P]rosecutorial [impropriety] of a constitutional magnitude can occur in the course of closing arguments. . . . When making closing arguments to the jury, [however] [c]ounsel must be allowed a generous latitude in argument, as the limits of legitimate argument and fair comment cannot be determined precisely by rule and line, and something must be allowed for the zeal of counsel in the heat of argument. . . . Thus, as the state’s advocate, a prosecutor may argue the state’s case forcefully, [provided the argument is] fair and based upon the facts in evidence and the reasonable inferences to be drawn therefrom. . . . Nevertheless, the prosecutor has a heightened duty to avoid argument that strays from the evidence or diverts the jury’s attention from the facts of the case. [The prosecutor] is not only an officer of the court, like every attorney, but is also a high public officer, representing the people of the [s]tate, who seek impartial justice for the guilty as much as for the innocent. ... By reason of his office, he usually exercises great influence upon jurors. His conduct and language in the trial of cases in which human life or liberty [is] at stake should be forceful, but fair, because he represents the public interest, which demands no victim and asks no conviction through the aid of passion, prejudice, or resentment. If the accused [is] guilty, he should [nonetheless] be convicted only after a fair trial, conducted strictly according to the sound and well-established rules which the laws prescribe. While the privilege of counsel in addressing the jury should not be too closely narrowed or unduly hampered, it must never be used as a license to state, or to comment upon, or to suggest an inference from, facts not in evidence, or to present matters which the jury ha[s] no right to consider.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Rowe, 279 Conn. 139, 158-59, 900 A.2d 1276 (2006).
The defendant identifies nineteen statements from the prosecutor’s closing argument that allegedly constitute impropriety. The defendant sorts the statements into three categories—comments on the credibility of witnesses, references to facts that were not in evidence and comments on extraneous matters. We address each in turn.
A
Comments on Credibility
The defendant contends that the prosecutor improperly expressed his opinion on the credibility of the defendant and DeJesus during closing argument. We begin by detailing the challenged statements and the context in which they arose.
The first four challenged statements concern the defendant. The prosecutor first stated: “What we see next on the [grocery store surveillance] tape ... is the defendant getting pushed back across the front of the counter in the bodega to where he came from. They go onto the floor and they go off camera. Now, while the event is going on on the floor, you have the testimony of some of the witnesses with regard to what it is that they saw. Now, the defendant, who was there himself as a witness, says he was beaten with the can into a blind senselessness. That is nonsense and you know it. [Grocery store owner] Taveras saw the whole thing and said he got hit with the can once. And then the victim hit the defendant with his fists.” The second challenged statement was as follows: “Let’s talk about the first element, that the defendant honestly believed, when he pulled the trigger, that he had to do so, to repel an attack, an imminent attack that would inflict great bodily harm upon him. The best answer to that question, did he hold that honest belief, would have been some honest testimony from the defendant. That is the one thing that is wholly and totally lacking in this case.”
In the third challenged statement, the prosecutor noted that “[i]n his direct testimony, as I just indicated, [the defendant] gave that tearful rendition and talked about shooting at a disembodied approaching voice. He insisted that that is what he saw, a voice. On cross-examination he avoided every question that I asked him, turning what should have been twenty minutes of questions into a three hour ordeal. Common sense suggests that you have something to hide when you avoid every question and even refuse to look at the [surveillance tape], apparently both before the trial and during the trial. That is not honest testimony. And it is not honest testimony because honest testimony would have betrayed, beyond a reasonable doubt, that he knew he did not face the threat of imminent, great bodily harm. With regard to that tape, he has even stated on direct that he has avoided looking at that tape for two years. Common sense and logic suggest that his avoiding the tape and the questions of the prosecutor betrays a man who is not going to let the truth and the facts and the questions stand in the way of his story. He has got his story and he has had it basically from day one, which is, he doesn’t remember, which is the same thing as saying I am not going to talk about it. He has got that story and he is sticking with it, just like that expression, that is my story and I am sticking with it. And nothing is going to move him from that story, not the [surveillance tape], not the questions, not the truth, nothing is going to make him move from that story. If you find a faint ring of truth to his story, if some of you may have thought you heard that, common sense suggests that that is a false ring, a faint and false ring. Common sense suggests that he has lived that lie for the last two years and practiced that he. Whether he was talking to people at work or whomever, that he has been hved and practiced for so long that it sounds like he is beginning to beheve it and cry about it himself. It is not honest testimony.” In the fourth challenged statement, the prosecutor indicated that, “[a]nd finally, even if [the defendant] had that honest behef, which I submit to you, beyond a reasonable doubt the evidence clearly shows here he did not have that reasonable belief, as a matter of fact we haven’t heard anything honest from him, it was unreasonable for him to have that belief.”
In the fifth challenged statement, the prosecutor addressed the testimony of DeJesus: “A word about the credibility of that young man who sat there [at the grocery store on the evening of June 28, 2006] callously watching this thing, eating an apple, never pulling out his cell phone and making a call or trying to get assistance or trying to break it up, he said he wasn’t biased toward the defendant. Yet, he testified that he was sure that that can, that Hawaiian Punch can, was the exact can that Ford hit the defendant with. Now, how could you possibly know that? One Hawaiian Punch can looks just like any other. And then when I said, weren’t there other Hawaiian Punch cans in there, he says he remembers there were six or seven on the shelf that night. Now, was he taking inventory that night? Nobody would remember a fact like that. I could have sat here, I could have asked him, how many Pringles cans were there, but what is the point? The point is that in his bias, he was just saying what he had to say to make his point. That is not credible testimony. That type of testimony is the telltale sign of a witness who is not being truthful with you. He had to be shown the [surveillance tape] to refresh his recollection that the victim was backing up when he was shot. That is clear as a bell on the film. He didn’t even want to give that fact up. For whatever reason, he was biased.”
It is well settled that “[although a] prosecutor is permitted to comment [on] the evidence presented at trial and to argue the inferences that the jurors might draw therefrom, he is not permitted to vouch personally for the truth or veracity of the state’s witnesses. . . . Such expressions of personal opinion are a form of unsworn and unchecked testimony, and are particularly difficult for the jury to ignore because of the prosecutor’s special position. . . . Put another way, the prosecutor’s opinion carries with it the imprimatur of the [state] and may induce the jury to trust the [state’s] judgment rather than its own view of the evidence. . . . Moreover, because the jury is aware that the prosecutor has prepared and presented the case and consequently, may have access to matters not in evidence ... it is likely to infer that such matters precipitated the personal opinions.” (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Moore, 293 Conn. 781, 815, 981 A.2d 1030 (2009), cert. denied, 560 U.S. 954, 130 S. Ct. 3386, 177 L. Ed. 2d 306 (2010).
We conclude that the prosecutor’s comments were not improper. The comments were based on the evidence adduced at trial and reflect an effort on the part of the prosecutor to invite the jury to draw the reasonable inference that the testimony lacked credibility. See, e.g., State v. Luster, 279 Conn. 414, 438, 902 A.2d 636 (2006) (prosecutor may properly comment on credibility of witness where comment reflects reasonable inferences from evidence adduced at trial); State v. Richard W., 115 Conn. App. 124, 135-36, 971 A.2d 810 (“[i]t is without question” that prosecutor may fairly comment on evidence and reasonable inferences to be drawn that lead jury to conclusion as to credibility of witnesses), cert. denied, 293 Conn. 917, 979 A.2d 493 (2009). As in State v. Stevenson, 269 Conn. 563, 849 A.2d 626 (2004), the prosecutor’s remarks underscored inferences “that the jury could have drawn entirely on its own, based on the evidence presented.” Id., 585. In addition, the prosecutor’s repeated calls to the jury’s common sense undermine the defendant’s contention that he expressed a personal opinion. State v. Luster, supra, 437; see also State v. Cromety, 102 Conn. App. 425, 440, 925 A.2d 1133 (“prosecutor may ask the jury to apply common sense and experience to determine credibility”), cert. denied, 284 Conn. 912, 931 A.2d 932 (2007); State v. Lindo, 75 Conn. App. 408, 416, 816 A.2d 641 (“[r]emarks that are nothing more than a permissible appeal to the jurors’ common sense do not constitute prosecutorial [impropriety]”), cert. denied, 263 Conn. 917, 821 A.2d 771 (2003). Tellingly, the prosecutor never used the word “I” or stated that he based his argument on his personal beliefs. See State v. Moody, 77 Conn. App. 197, 217, 822 A.2d 990 (use of pronoun “I” in argument increases chances that appropriately structured arguments will deteriorate into expressions of personal opinion), cert. denied, 264 Conn. 918, 827 A.2d 707, cert. denied, 540 U.S. 1058, 124 S. Ct. 831, 157 L. Ed. 2d 714 (2003). The prosecutor did not improperly express his opinion on the credibility of witnesses.
B
Facts That Were Not in Evidence
The defendant next claims that the prosecutor improperly argued facts that were not in evidence. “While the privilege of counsel in addressing the jury should not be too closely narrowed or unduly hampered, it must never be used as a license to state, or to comment upon, or even to suggest an inference from, facts not in evidence, or to present matters which the jury [has] no right to consider.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Pouncey, 241 Conn. 802, 811, 699 A.2d 901 (1997); see also State v. Fauci, 282 Conn. 23, 49, 917 A.2d 978 (2007) (“prosecutor may not comment on evidence that is not a part of the record”).
The defendant identifies seven comments made by the prosecutor during closing argument that he claims amount to improper commentary on facts that were not in evidence. On our review, we conclude that all but one constitute arguments inviting the jury to draw reasonable inferences from the evidence adduced at trial. Such statements patently are proper. See State v. Swain, 101 Conn. App. 253, 272, 921 A.2d 712 (“the prosecutor had the prerogative to invite the jury to draw reasonable inferences from the facts in evidence and could argue on the basis of such inferences”), cert. denied, 283 Conn. 909, 928 A.2d 539 (2007).
The one questionable comment by the prosecutor is his statement that Ford “did not inflict any bodily harm upon the defendant.” That statement confounds the trial testimony of Waiho Lum, an emergency room physician, who opined that the defendant suffered “a mild facial contusion and mild contusion to the elbow and also a scrape, an abrasion on his upper back [on which Lum] provided wound care . . . .” Lum also testified that he observed mild swelling under the defendant’s left eyelid. The prosecutor’s comment nevertheless highlights the distinction between misstatement and misconduct. Cf. State v. Orellana, 89 Conn. App. 71, 105, 872 A.2d 506 (2005) (isolated misstatement not prosecutorial impropriety), cert. denied, 274 Conn. 910, 876 A.2d 1202 (2005). The prosecutor’s comment appears to be mere hyperbole, as Lum testified at trial that the defendant had not suffered any substantial injury. In addition, the challenged comment was preceded by the prosecutor’s acknowledgement that the defendant suffered a “cut on his head,” as well as “some back bruising and the makings of a shiner under his left eye.” In light of the foregoing, we conclude that the challenged statement, considered within the context in which it was made, was not improper.
C
Extraneous Matters
The defendant also argues that the prosecutor improperly referenced extraneous matters during closing argument. “A prosecutor . . . may not . . . inject extraneous issues into the case that divert the jury from its duty to decide the case on the evidence. ... A prosecutor, in fulfilling his duties, must confine himself to the evidence in the record. ... [A] lawyer shall not . . . [a]ssert his personal knowledge of the facts in issue, except when testifying as a witness. . . . Statements as to facts that have not been proven amount to unsworn testimony, which is not the subject of proper closing argument.” (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Moore, supra, 293 Conn. 809.
The defendant takes issue with seven comments made by the prosecutor, five of which pertain to the defendant’s alleged provocation of the grocery store confrontation and two of which pertain to the defendant’s alleged failure to take reasonable measures other than shooting Ford. His claim is premised on the fact that “[t]he prosecutor made these comments with full knowledge that the trial court judge would not give an instruction on any of the statutory disqualifications to the right of self-defense.” At the same time, it is undisputed that the court, in summarizing two earlier charging conferences, stated: “I will not give an instruction [to the jury] on any of the so-called statutory disqualifications to the right of self-defense, including provocation. Counsel can argue whatever the evidence is. I will just simply not instruct on that.” The prosecutor, thus, was free to so argue during closing argument. That the defendant provoked Ford at the grocery store and declined to take steps other than shooting Ford are inferences the jury reasonably could draw from the evidence presented. On our review of the challenged comments, we agree with the state’s contention that “the prosecutor’s comments simply asked the jury to consider the entirety of the defendant’s actions, and the fact that other alternatives existed to shooting [Ford], during [its] determination as to whether the defendant’s actions were reasonable.” The comments do not amount to prosecutorial impropriety.
II
The defendant also claims this court should exercise its supervisory powers and set aside his conviction due to deliberate prosecutorial impropriety. We decline that request.
“[I]n considering claims of prosecutorial misconduct, we apply a due process analysis and consider whether the defendant was deprived of a fair trial. ... A different standard is applied, however, when the claim involves deliberate prosecutorial misconduct during trial which violates express court rulings .... When such an allegation has been made, we must determine whether the challenged argument was unduly offensive to the maintenance of a sound judicial process. ... If we answer that question in the affirmative, we may invoke our supervisory powers to reverse the defendant’s conviction. ... In determining whether the use of our supervisory powers to reverse a conviction is appropriate, we consider whether the effect of the challenged remark was to undermine the authority of the trial court’s ruling .... We also consider the degree of prejudice suffered by the defendant as a result of the remark. . . .
“Our Supreme Court . . . has urged a cautionary approach in this regard, noting that [r]eversal of a conviction under our supervisory powers . . . should not be undertaken without balancing all of the interests involved: the extent of prejudice to the defendant; the emotional trauma to the victims or others likely to result from reliving their experiences at a new trial; the practical problems of memory loss and unavailability of witnesses after much time has elapsed; and the availability of other sanctions for such misconduct. . . .
“In State v. Ubaldi, 190 Conn. 559, 462 A.2d 1001, cert. denied, 464 U.S. 916, 104 S. Ct. 280, 78 L. Ed. 2d 259 (1983), our Supreme Court first enunciated the principles relevant to claims of deliberate prosecutorial impropriety in violation of a trial court’s ruling. Our Supreme Court held that, where such impropriety has occurred, an appellate court may exercise its inherent supervisory authority over the administration of justice to defend the integrity of the judicial system. . . . The court blatantly rejected the argument that it could upset a criminal conviction on account of prosecutorial impropriety only where such conduct had deprived the defendant of his constitutional right to a fair trial. . . . Instead, the court recognized that, given the proper circumstances and regardless of whether deliberate impropriety deprived a defendant of a fair trial, the drastic step of upsetting a criminal conviction might be necessary to deter conduct undermining the integrity of the judicial system. . . . Thus, after weighing relevant considerations, the court placed a primacy upon its responsibility for the enforcement of court rules in prosecutorial [impropriety] cases and for preventing assaults on the integrity of the tribunal. . . . The court reasoned that it had an obligation to deter purposeful impropriety and concluded that reversal in cases involving such deliberate conduct may be warranted even where a new trial is not constitutionally mandated. . . . Hence, the touchstone of our analysis in a claim of this nature is not the fairness of the trial but the existence of misconduct that deliberately circumvents trial court rulings.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Reynolds, 118 Conn. App. 278, 296-98, 983 A.2d 874 (2009) , cert. denied, 294 Conn. 933, 987 A.2d 1029 (2010) .
The defendant maintains that the prosecutor engaged in impropriety by deliberately circumventing the court’s ruling that it would not instruct the jury on the statutory disqualifications to self-defense. We disagree. As earlier noted, the court did not forbid counsel from arguing such points; it simply indicated that it would not be so instructing the jury. The court stated: “I will not give an instruction [to the jury] on any of the so-called statutory disqualifications to the right of self-defense, including provocation. Counsel can argue whatever the evidence is. I will just simply not instruct on that.” Accordingly, it cannot be said that the prosecutor defied an order of the court. To the contrary, the prosecutor argued in accordance with the declaration of the court. We thus decline to exercise our supervisory powers in this instance.
m
The defendant’s final claim alleges instructional error. He maintains that the court’s failure sua sponte to provide an instruction on the duty to retreat was improper. The defendant failed to preserve this claim at trial and seeks to prevail pursuant to State v. Golding, 213 Conn. 233, 567 A.2d 823 (1989). “[A] defendant can prevail on a claim of constitutional error not preserved at trial only if all of the following conditions are met: (1) the record is adequate to review the alleged claim of error; (2) the claim is of constitutional magnitude alleging the violation of a fundamental right; (3) the alleged constitutional violation clearly exists and clearly deprived the defendant of a fair trial; and (4) if subject to harmless error analysis, the state has failed to demonstrate harmlessness of the alleged constitutional violation beyond a reasonable doubt.” (Emphasis in original.) Id., 239-40. Golding's first two prongs relate to whether a defendant’s claim is reviewable, and the last two relate to the substance of the actual review. State v. Jarrett, 82 Conn. App. 489, 492 n.1, 845 A.2d 476, cert. denied, 269 Conn. 911, 852 A.2d 741 (2004). We afford review because the record is adequate for review and the claim is of constitutional dimension. See State v. Ash, 231 Conn. 484, 493, 651 A.2d 247 (1994) (improper instruction on defense, like improper instruction on element of offense, is of constitutional dimension). We nevertheless conclude that the claim fails to satisfy Golding's third prong.
We begin our analysis by observing that “the [d]ue [p]rocess [c]lause protects the accused against conviction except upon proof beyond a reasonable doubt of every fact necessary to constitute the crime with which he is charged.” In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358, 364, 90 S. Ct. 1068, 25 L. Ed. 2d 368 (1970). “[A] fundamental element of due process is the right of a defendant charged with a crime to establish a defense. . . . This fundamental constitutional right includes proper jury instructions on the elements of self-defense so that the jury may ascertain whether the state has met its burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the assault was not justified. ... A defendant who asserts a recognized legal defense, the availability of which is supported by the evidence, is entitled as a matter of law to a theory of defense instruction.” (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Bryant, 233 Conn. 1, 8-9, 658 A.2d 89 (1995). It is undisputed that the court in the present case provided a detailed instruction on self-defense, the substance of which the defendant does not challenge in this appeal.
Rather, the defendant claims that the court improperly failed sua sponte to instruct the jury on the duty to retreat exception to that defense. See General Statutes § 53a-19 (b); see also State v. Diggs, 219 Conn. 295, 301, 592 A.2d 949 (1991) (referring to duty to retreat as one of “statutory exceptions” to defense of self-defense). Following the close of evidence, the court held two charging conferences with the parties. In summarizing those conferences on the record, the court stated: “I will not give an instruction [to the jury] on any of the so-called statutory disqualifications to the right of self-defense, including provocation. Counsel can argue whatever the evidence is. I will just simply not instruct on that.” The defendant voiced no objection to the propriety of that initial ruling at trial or on appeal. Instead, he contends that because the prosecutor during closing argument argued to the jury that “the defendant ignored a duty to retreat,” an instruction on that exception was necessary. Had the prosecutor advanced that theory, the defendant would be correct. As our Supreme Court stated in State v. Lemoine, 256 Conn. 193, 770 A.2d 491 (2001), “had the state’s attack on the defendant’s self-defense claim been based on the defendant’s failure to retreat, a complete jury instruction on the duty to retreat would have been necessary.” Id., 200. Because the state in that case “made no claim that the defendant should have retreated,” the court concluded that “the defendant did not suffer constitutional harm by the trial court’s omission of an unnecessary and potentially confusing instruction on the duty to retreat.” Id.
Similarly, the prosecutor in the present case never referenced the defendant’s duty to retreat or § 53a-19 (b) during closing argument. To be sure, the prosecutor argued that the defendant failed to take other reasonable measures short of shooting Ford, stating that the defendant could have asked the grocery store owner to “call the cops,” could have attempted to “back [Ford] off and slip out the door” or simply could have “back[ed] him off with the gun and wait for the police to arrive. ... All he had to do was back him off.” Those comments advanced the state’s central theory that the defendant’s action in shooting Ford was unreasonable. At the same time, the prosecutor never argued to the jury that the defendant had an obligation to retreat under Connecticut law, nor did he once use the term “retreat” during closing argument. On our review of the record, we cannot agree with the defendant’s contention that the prosecutor advanced such a theory during closing argument. As such, his claim is controlled by State v. Lemoine, supra, 256 Conn. 200. Having failed to establish that the alleged constitutional violation clearly exists, it fails to satisfy Golding’s third prong.
The judgment is affirmed.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.
The five comments regarding the defendant’s alleged provocation of the confrontation are as follows. The prosecutor first stated: “Now, let’s talk about the defendant. He is the self-described proud owner of the barroom from which [Ford] was bounced, a man who left his glass of wine on the bar and his girlfriend behind in the bar to play his numbers at the local bodega, the local grocery store. And common sense tells us that, as he walked down the block, maybe there was just a little added strut to his step because he left the saloon knowingly and foolishly carrying a concealed .40 caliber Glock handgun under his waistband, pressed against his hip, a legal, but not under any circumstances, a wise decision.”
The prosecutor next stated: “And we see on that [surveillance] tape that [Ford], the victim, starts in arguing about the defendant, call[ing] the police on him a week and a half before and how he got escorted from that bar. And as Yamil Taveras, and through the interpreter, I believe, Jose Leonardo testified, in the first few minutes there, both men foolishly and recklessly trade insults and curses. Foolish for [Ford] because he does not realize the concealed source of the smaller defendant’s courage; reckless for the defendant because he knows he has a .40 caliber handgun on his hip.”
In the third challenged comment, the prosecutor stated: “But the defendant does not have the owner make that call. And as the rest of the facts show, his own sense of vanity and his own sense of machismo forbid it. When the victim returns, among other things, the defendant tells him to kiss his behind. You heard what the testimony was. He freely admitted that during his testimony with defense counsel. Curiously, those are not the words of a fearful man. And when the argument continues, he recklessly provokes the defendant by bringing his momma into the argument and making a comment about how he lives at home. How did he know that?
In the fourth challenged comment, the prosecutor stated: “You can take a survey of the whole state of Connecticut and not find many people who would have recklessly said something like that in that situation. That goes beyond standing up to intimidation or bullying. That is asking for a fight. And if anyone is sure to know that those are fighting words, it is the defendant. He has been running a bar for the last four years before this happened. You say something like that in a bar or saloon, or even at a wedding at a country club, and a fight is sure to break out. He knew that. He knew that then, when he said it. What he has forgotten when he says that is, he is not standing in his own bar where everyone knows he carries a gun, where he gets to tell people what he expects of them, like he wrote down in his statement in his own hand, where they must listen or they must get out, where if you make a complaint to the police, the ruling is he is the owner, he is right, you get out. He is confronting here, where he is confronting an angry man in a grocery store, that kind of arrogance is misplaced. That permit to cany did not put a star on his vest that made him the sheriff of Stillwater Avenue. And since he is sure to lose a fair fight with hands, with your fists, with [Ford], one wonders just what is the hidden secret of the defendant’s bravado. What gives a man that kind of hidden courage? Just what is pressing up against his back and putting that kind of steel in his spine? Within minutes [Ford] will find out that putting the steel in the defendant’s spine is the gun metal of a .40 caliber Glock pressing against the defendant’s hip. That hidden source of his false coinage and bravado is there, right there in his waistband. Now, one is always right to stand up to intimidation, whether in a bar, on a street, in a parking lot, in your own home, but not with reckless arrogance, not with false bravado, not with hollow courage bom of the knowledge that there is a secret lethal weapon concealed on your hip.”
In the fifth challenged comment, the prosecutor stated: “Then, he kind of moves back and back and forth; at that point, the defendant recklessly grabs a bottle, hurls it at [Ford] and charges across that front counter into that far comer of the bodega, and the fight starts. Starting a fight that he can’t win, that he knew he couldn’t win from the beginning, with a gun on his hip. That is a reckless loss of temper by an armed man.”
The two comments regarding the defendant’s alleged failure to take other reasonable measures are as follows. The prosecutor first stated: “As this event progresses, foolishly [Ford] invites the defendant outside to fight. Why is it that the defendant does not take up that invitation? Now, that is not out of an excess of peaceableness. Common sense should suggest that he knows it is a fight he cannot win. Foolishly, he does not do at that point what any one of us would have reasonably done, what any person would have reasonably done, which is when [Ford] was outside, when he walked out that door, he would have turned to the owner and [said], call the cops.”
The prosecutor next stated: “The next test, the third one, was that he honestly had to believe that taking the shot was the only way to repel the attack, which threatened great bodily harm. Obviously, if you don’t believe the first two, you don’t believe that the response is credible, believable. But even if you had an honest belief that pulling that gun was necessary, he didn’t have to shoot; he didn’t have to pull the trigger. All he had to do was back him off and slip out the door. Or if he didn’t feel safe about slipping out the door, all he had to do was back him off with the gun and wait for the police to arrive. If this case shows anything, the police are all over Stillwater Avenue. There is that expression: there is never a cop around when you need one. I think that this case has answered any question, that is answerable, that is because they are all over on Stillwater Avenue. And the police officers are in that bodega within minutes. The man is backing off, anyway. Remember, the critical moment is when he pulls the trigger.”
The state has suggested that the defendant, by virtue of his failure to object in any manner to the court’s instructions, waived this claim. It is true that the defendant acquiesced to the charge as given at trial. At the same time, our Supreme Court has held that a defendant waives an unpreserved challenge to a jury instruction only when the record indicates “that the defendant actively induced the trial court to give the [improper] instruction that he now challenges on appeal . . . .” State v. Ebron, 292 Conn. 656, 682, 975 A.2d 17 (2009). The record is bereft of any evidence of active inducement on the part of the defendant.
In its appellate brief, the state suggests that “since it could only inure to the defendant’s benefit for the court to refuse to instruct on such statutory exceptions to the right to self-defense, it strains credulity to believe that the state would have advocated against the giving of such an instruction. As such, the rational conclusion is that the defendant advocated for the court to refrain from instructing on the statutory exceptions and that he induced any claimed error as to the trial court’s failure to provide an instruction which the defendant advocated against at trial.” While that may be the case, no record of the charging conferences is before us, and we will not resort to speculation and conjecture, which “have no place in appellate review.” Narumanchi v. DeStefano, 89 Conn. App. 807, 815, 875 A.2d 71 (2005).
General Statutes § 53a-19 (b) provides: “Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, a person is not justified in using deadly physical force upon another person if he or she knows that he or she can avoid the necessity of using such force with complete safety (1) by retreating, except that the actor shall not be required to retreat if he or she is in his or her dwelling, as defined in section 53a-100, or place of work and was not the initial aggressor, or if he or she is a peace officer or a special policeman appointed under section 29-18b, a Department of Motor Vehicles inspector appointed under section 14-8 and certified pursuant to section 7-294d, or a private person assisting such peace officer, special policeman or motor vehicle inspector at his or her direction, and acting pursuant to section 53a-22, or (2) by surrendering possession of property to a person asserting a claim of right thereto, or (3) by complying with a demand that he or she abstain from performing an act which he or she is not obliged to perform.”
| CASELAW |
Page:Mexico (1829) Volumes 1 and 2.djvu/99
MEXICO. 67 to improve, and the price rises from ten, or fourteen reals, to twenty-four, and twenty-eight reals, per Arroba. This is the case at Queretaro, with what is termed the Lana de chin- chorro^ of which I shall have occasion to speak in he account of my journey into the Interior. The total agricultural produce of Mexico, calculated by Humboldt upon the Tithes, (on a term of ten years,) with an allowance of three millions of dollars for the Cochineal, the Vanilla, Jalap, Sarsaparilla, and Tabascan pepper, which paid no tithes, and two millions more for the Sugar and In- digo, upon which the clergy only received a duty of four per cent., was found to amount to twenty-nine millions of dollars, and thus to exceed, by four millions, the annual average produce of the mines, from which the wealth of the country was supposed to be principally derived. Of the present amount it is impossible to form any correct estimate, from the state of disorganization into which both church, and state, have been thrown by the civil war. But the produce, under less favourable circumstances, cannot be objected to as a criterion of what may again be ; and, should the country continue in a state of tranquillity, I am inclined to think, that before the year 1835, the agri- cultural wealth of New Spain will be fully equal to that of 1803. Without wishing to found any unreasonable hypothesis upon the contents of the preceding pages, it appears to me that they warrant the following conclusions. That Mexico possesses the means of maintaining, in abun- dance, a population infinitely superior to the present number of its inhabitants. That although, from the peculiar structure of the coun- try, the agricultural wealth of the Table-land is not likely to be brought into the European market, it ensures the general prosperity of the Interior ; while the cotton, coffee, sugar, F 2 | WIKI |
CORBA 3.0 NO IDEA Avatar
1. OMG Issue
CORBA3 — There is no way to modify a POA's ORT and append to it
• Key: CORBA3-127
• Legacy Issue Number: 4476
• Status: closed
• Source: Borland Software Corporation ( Vijaykumar Natarajan)
• Summary:
If I wish to register an ORF (ObjectReferenceFactory) as the current
factory, there is no way for it to append to the current template. In
other words, an updated factory can only replace the original but not
say add another profile to the one the given POA would generate w/ the
adapter template.
As an inverse, there is no way for a POA to require or even request an
ORF to include profiles that it deems fit.
Proposal:
Add a parameter to make_object
Object make_object( in string repositoryId, in ObjectId id,
ObjectReferenceTemplate template);
Add the following methods to ObjectReferenceTemplate
abstract valuetype ObjectReferenceTemplate : ObjectReferenceFactory
{ readonly attribute ServerId server_id ; readonly attribute ORBId orb_id ; readonly attribute AdapterName adapter_name; ProfileSeq getProfiles(in string repositoryId, in ObjectId id); ComponentSeq getComponents(in IOP::ProfileId profile_id); }
;
where ProfileSeq is defined as
module IOP
{ typedef sequence <TaggedProfile> ProfileSeq; typedef sequence <TaggedComponent> ComponentSeq; }
Add the following sections:
21.5.3.8 getProfiles
This returns the set of profiles that the POA would have generated using
its default template. This can optionally be included in the generated
IOR.
[ED: This is independent of make_object, because make_object returns an
object reference from which profiles would have to be extracted for
inclusion]
21.5.3.9 getComponents
This returns set of components that would have been include in the
profile with the id profile_id and allows the factory to choose to
include those in the profiles that it generates.
• Reported: CORBA 2.4.2 — Sun, 12 Aug 2001 04:00 GMT
• Disposition: Resolved — CORBA 3.0.3
• Disposition Summary:
see above
• Updated: Fri, 6 Mar 2015 20:58 GMT | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
ORA-01427 : 단일 행 하위 질의에 2개 이상의 행이 리턴되었습니다.(single-row subquery returns more than one row)
공유하기
• Add this entry to Hatena Bookmark
• 0
하위 쿼리의 리턴을 상위 쿼리의 조건문 값으로 설정하는 경우 발생하는 오류에 대해서 소개합니다.
조사 환경
이 글은 "Windows10 Pro에서 무상으로 이용가능한 Oracle Database Express Edition 18c 설치하기" 글에서 작성한 XEPDB1 플러그인 데이터베이스(PDB) 환경에서 조사했습니다.
scott/tiger접속을 위해서는 "연습 데이터용 샘플 스키마 “SCOTT” 작성하기" 글을 참조하십시오.
그외 이하 환경에서도 연습할 수 있습니다.
Windows Server 2012 R2에서 Oracle Database 12.2.0.1.0 for Microsoft Windows x64 설치 하기
Windows Server 2019 에서 Oracle Database 19c for Microsoft Windows x64 설치 하기
오류 샘플
하위 쿼리의 단일 행 리턴을 상위 쿼리의 조건문 값으로 사용하는 경우 복수 행 리턴은 다음과 같이 오류가 발생합니다.
한글 오류 메시지
C:\>set nls_lang=KOREAN_KOREA.KO16MSWIN949
C:\>sqlplus scott/tiger@localhost/xepdb1
SQL> desc emp
Name Null? Type
--------- -------- -------------
EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
SQL> desc dept
Name Null? Type
------- -------- -------------
DEPTNO NOT NULL NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(14)
LOC VARCHAR2(13)
SQL> select deptno, dname from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME
------ --------------
10 ACCOUNTING
20 RESEARCH
30 SALES
40 OPERATIONS
SQL> select DEPTNO,EMPNO, ENAME from emp;
DEPTNO EMPNO ENAME
------ ---------- ----------
20 7369 SMITH
30 7499 ALLEN
30 7521 WARD
20 7566 JONES
30 7654 MARTIN
30 7698 BLAKE
10 7782 CLARK
20 7788 SCOTT
10 7839 KING
30 7844 TURNER
20 7876 ADAMS
30 7900 JAMES
20 7902 FORD
10 7934 MILLER
20 9999 SHORTNAME
15 rows selected.
SQL> select EMPNO, ENAME from emp where deptno = ( select deptno from dept );
select EMPNO, ENAME from emp where deptno = ( select deptno from dept )
*
1행에 오류:
ORA-01427: 단일 행 하위 질의에 2개 이상의 행이 리턴되었습니다.
영문 오류 메시지
C:\>set nls_lang=American_America.AL32UTF8
C:\>sqlplus scott/tiger@localhost:1521/XEPDB1
SQL> select EMPNO, ENAME from emp where deptno = ( select deptno from dept );
select EMPNO, ENAME from emp where deptno = ( select deptno from dept )
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01427: single-row subquery returns more than one row
정상 샘플
다음과 같이 서브 쿼리가 단일행을 리턴 하면 정상 종료합니다.
SQL> select EMPNO, ENAME from emp where deptno = ( select deptno from dept where dname = 'ACCOUNTING');
EMPNO ENAME
---------- ----------
7782 CLARK
7839 KING
7934 MILLER
위의 SQL문을 풀어서 설명하면 다음과 같습니다. 위의 쿼리는 단일 행 결과 10을 리턴합니다.
SQL> select deptno from dept where dname = 'ACCOUNTING';
DEPTNO
----------
10
10을 조건문의 값으로 설정하면 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있습니다.
SQL> select EMPNO, ENAME from emp where deptno = 10
EMPNO ENAME
---------- ----------
7782 CLARK
7839 KING
7934 MILLER
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Jeong Myeong-hui
Jeong Myeong-hui (born 2 May 1966) is a South Korean pharmacist-turned politician serving as the mayor of Buk District of Busan and its first woman mayor from July 2018.
Scientific career
Jeong was awarded the Woman Scientist/Engineer of the Year Award in 2009.
Political career
Jeong, along with Busanjin District Mayor Seo Eunsuk and Geumjeong District Mayor Jeong Mi-yeong, was elected as the first woman mayor of their respective district in Busan in the 2018 election where 13 out of 16 autonomous districts/counties including Buk-gu have their first mayors not from People Power Party or its preceding parties.
In the 2014 election, Jeong was placed as the number 2 of Democratic Party's proportional list for Busan Metropolitan Council. During four years from 2014 to 2018, she served as the only democratic member of the Council.
In the 2018 election, she defeated two-term Mayor of the district, Hwang Jae-gwan from the main opposition party.
Jeon was previously vice chair of Democratic Party's Policy Planning Committee and the spokesperson of Busan branch of the party. She was also active in civil societies serving as a board member of Busan Pharmaceutical Association from 2011 to 2014 and the president of its Jung District branch from 2012 to 2016.
Jeong holds two degrees in Pharmacy - a bachelor from Pusan National University and a master's from Kyungsung University where she also completed a doctorate programme. | WIKI |
How long does it take to charge an electric car?
February 15, 2024 by
Wondering how long an EV takes to charge? Wonder no more
Electric cars can take as little as 30 minutes or as long as 48 hours to charge up. That clearly indicates there are a fair few variables to consider when looking into how long EVs take to charge.
Here, we’ll cover the ins and outs of EV charging times, and what you can do to get the quickest recharge possible while maintaining a healthy battery.
Electric car charging times
Before we get into the nitty gritty, it’s worth a quick overview of what determines how long an electric car takes to charge.
There are many, many different models of EV on sale today, and these are available with different size battery packs. In many cases car makers will sell you a larger battery pack as an upgrade for an individual car.
EV battery packs are measured in kiloWatt hours, or kWh. A kWh is a measure of energy. A small EV battery pack might be 30kWh. A large EV battery pack might be 100kWh.
How is charge time calculated?
Think of the size of the battery pack in the same way you would the size of a fuel tank in a petrol or diesel car.
Just as EVs have different size battery packs, EV chargers charge at different speeds. Think of this in the same way you would the rate at which petrol flows from the petrol pump (EVs can’t charge as quickly as this, but the principle is the same).
A three-pin domestic plug would charge at 2.3 kiloWatts (kW), whereas an ultra-rapid public chargepoint like the kind you might find at a motorway services could deliver a charge at 150kW.
Determining how long an EV would take to charge up is therefore a simple question of dividing the battery size by the speed of the charge.
For example, a 100kWh battery would take 40 minutes to go from full to empty using a 150kWh charger. If the charger you found only delivered electricity at 50kW, it would take two hours; and if all you had was a three-pin socket it would take a little under 43.5 hours (100 divided by 2.3 = 43.48).
Obviously if the electric car in question had a smaller battery, let’s say a 50kWh pack, it would take 20 minutes to go from full to empty on a 150kW charger, 60 minutes on a 50kW charger, and 21.74 hours using a three-pin socket.
It’s also worth bearing in mind that different electric cars are capable of charging at different speeds. Just because a charging point is rated at 150kW doesn’t necessarily mean that your car can charge that quickly. It’s worth checking your owner’s manual to see how quickly your car can charge.
If you pull up to a rapid charger which is rated at 150kW, but your car can only accept 100kW charging, you can still top up. The charger and the car talk to each other when you plug in to determine how much juice to deliver at any one time.
How long does it take to charge an electric car at home?
The best way to charge your electric car at home is with a dedicated charging point, commonly known as a wall box.
Charging at home using a dedicated wall box will typically add around 10-30 miles of range per hour, however this depends on your local power supplier, the type of wallbox you have and the model of EV you drive.
Tesla, for example, offers a 22kW home charger which can charge a Model 3 by 40 miles per hour. The catch with this is that you’d have to have three-phase power installed (a type of electricity feed used at industrial and commercial sites) and this can be very costly to do.
Most home power supplies are only capable of having a 7kW charger installed, and this will more than suffice for the majority of people. You’ll be able to charge from 0-100% overnight, so just remember to plug the car in when you get home and you’ll be fine.
Keep in mind that a home wallbox isn’t free, so you’ll have to budget around £1,000 to have one installed. Some manufacturers offer a discount on a home charger when you buy the car, so it pays to shop around. Lead times on home wallboxes are long as well, so be sure to get quotes and arrange installation well before your new EV arrives.
While it is technically possible to charge your EV using a three-pin socket, this will take a long time to do. Some electric cars with larger batteries could take upwards of two days to charge up this way, and it’s also not recommended from a safety point of view due to the heavy load on the socket over a long period of time.
How long does it take to charge an electric car at a public charging point?
More and more public charging points are springing up these days, and EV owners without access to off-street parking will be relying on these to keep juiced up. You can find them in a variety of locations, including town centres, supermarkets and service stations. There are also quite a few popping up on residential streets, with some being integrated into lamp posts.
Charging an electric car through a public charger is likely to cost you, though. There will be some freely available outlets, typically at supermarkets, but others may require you to subscribe to a particular provider or use a pay-as-you-go method.
Some of the most common outputs for public charging points are 7kW outlets, similar to the type you can get installed at home. These typically will give your car 20 to 30 miles of range per hour, while some outlets are rated at 22kW which can top up by 40 miles per hour, providing your car can support 22kW AC charging.
You might even be able to charge up at your workplace. If there isn’t already a dedicated charger, ask your employer about looking to install one — there’s a government grant called the Workplace Charging Scheme which can help cover the costs for businesses installing chargers.
For charging networks that offer subscription services, you can usually use their dedicated smartphone app to check current availability of a charger (so you aren’t left stranded if you turn up at a charger only to find it’s in use), and see how much it will cost you.
If you want to see public charging points local to you, check out this handy EV charging stations map.
How long does it take to charge an electric car at a rapid charger?
If you’re tackling a long drive in an EV and need to top up, then rapid chargers are your friend. These are commonly found in motorway service stations and public car parks, and will usually be rated at at least 50kW rising to 150kW in some cases.
Plug into a 50kW charger and you’ll be able to top up from zero to 80% full in less than an hour, and this can fall to less than half an hour for 150kW chargers, depending on the model of car you’re in.
The speed of fast-charging technology will only increase over time, and will further ease any anxiety associated with charging an electric car. For example, if your vehicle supports it, its battery could be charged from flat to full in comfortably less than an hour.
It’s worth noting though that plug-in hybrid cars often do not support rapid charging.
How long does it take to charge an electric car at a Tesla Supercharger?
Tesla is one of the most famous car brands out there, despite also being one of the youngest. This success is thanks in part to its excellent Supercharger network, providing Tesla owners with over 1,100 fast charging points across the UK.
Tesla’s latest Superchargers can deliver charging speeds of up to 250kW, which will add approximately 150 miles of range in 10 minutes. Until recently, Superchargers were only open to Tesla vehicles. The brand has now started to open them up to other EVs though, with a handful of sites available to all cars.
These impressive charging speeds will be dependent on your vehicle though, as there are only a small handful of cars capable of charging at 250kW. Our handy Tesla charging stations map shows you where Tesla’s nearest charging point is to your location.
Get your next electric car with carwow
Looking for an easy way to change your car? Then carwow is the place to go. You can sell your car online for a great price, and get the best deals on a new one. All through our network of trusted dealers and all from the comfort of your home. Tap the button below to get started on your electric journey today.
Got more questions about electric cars? Take a look at these frequently asked questions:
How far can an electric car go?
How much does it cost to charge an electric car?
Find your nearest electric car charging point | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Stefan Ortega
Stefan Ortega Moreno (born 6 November 1992) is a German professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for club Manchester City.
Early life
Stefan Ortega Moreno was born on 6 November 1992 in Hofgeismar, Hesse. His father is Spanish and his mother is German.
Germany
Ortega began his career at the north Hessian club TSV Jahn Calden before transferring to KSV Baunatal, then to KSV Hessen Kassel. In 2007, he transferred to Arminia Bielefeld and became a part of their youth setup. In the 2010–11 Season he had six appearances for the B team competing in the Regionalliga West. One year later the first team called him, and he made his senior debut for Arminia on 1 October 2011 against 1. FC Heidenheim replacing the injured Patrick Platins. After a poor performance against rivals Preußen Münster, Ortega lost his place to the Platins, instead appearing primarily in the regional Westfalenpokal. Nevertheless, Ortega was part of the Arminia squad that achieved promotion to the 2. Bundesliga at the end of the 2012–13 season, subsequently agreeing to a two-year contract extension.
In June 2014, Ortega joined 1860 Munich on a free transfer. He made his Münchner Lions debut in the 1st round of the 2014–15 DFB-Pokal, winning 2–1 over Holstein Kiel. After Gábor Király departed in August 2014, Ortega established himself as first-choice goalkeeper.
1860 Munich were relegated at the end of the 2016–17 season; Ortega left the club, transferring back to Arminia on a three-year contract, succeeding the outgoing Wolfgang Hesl. In January 2020, Ortega extended his contract until June 2022 following transfer interest from Bundesliga club Bayer 04 Leverkusen. With Arminia Bielefeld, Ortega was promoted to the Bundesliga in 2020. At his first season in the Bundesliga, the club secured 15th-place finish and avoided relegation after a 2–0 win in the away match against VfB Stuttgart on the final matchday. The German football magazine Kicker rated Ortega as the second best goalkeeper in the league. Arminia Bielefeld were relegated from the Bundesliga the following season.
Manchester City
In July 2022, Ortega signed with Premier League champions Manchester City on a free transfer. He started the season on the bench for City's 1–3 defeat to Liverpool in the FA Community Shield on 30 July.
Ortega made his professional debut for the club in a UEFA Champions League group stage match against Borussia Dortmund, which finished 0–0. He also played the next Champions League group stage game against Sevilla, a 3–1 win, and in the third round of the EFL Cup against Chelsea, making crucial saves in a 2–0 victory for City on 9 November at the Etihad Stadium. On 3 May, Ortega made his Premier League debut, starting in a 3–0 win over West Ham United. He then went on to keep another clean sheet in Manchester City's final home league game against Chelsea again on 21 May, which finished 1–0. Ortega also played every match in City's victorious 2022–23 FA Cup campaign and was an important player in the team that won the trophy, conceding just one goal in six matches.
On 14 May 2024, Ortega replaced the injured Ederson in the second half and made crucial saves, including a one-on-one chance from Son Heung-min in the 85th minute, securing a 2–0 away victory for his club against Tottenham Hotspur in their penultimate league match, and keeping them at the top of the table for the 2023–24 season. He was named man of the match. Coach Pep Guardiola said that without Ortega's save "Arsenal are champions", and described him as "one of the best keepers I've seen in my life." Ortega started on the final day as Manchester City beat West Ham and became Premier League champions.
International career
In autumn 2010, Ortega was called up to the German U19 national team, but remained an unused substitute. On 21 May 2021, he was nominated as a potential reserve for the Germany national team for UEFA Euro 2020. His call-up for the squad was contingent if Manuel Neuer, Bernd Leno or Kevin Trapp had to withdraw due to injury.
Honours
Arminia Bielefeld
* 2. Bundesliga: 2019–20
Manchester City
* Premier League: 2022–23, 2023–24
* FA Cup: 2022–23; runner-up: 2023–24
* UEFA Champions League: 2022–23
* UEFA Super Cup: 2023
* FIFA Club World Cup: 2023 | WIKI |
1928 West Virginia Wesleyan Bobcats football team
The 1928 West Virginia Wesleyan Bobcats football team represented West Virginia Wesleyan College as a member of the West Virginia Athletic Conference (WVAC) during the 1928 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Cebe Ross, the Bobcats compiled an overall record of 5–6 with a mark of 3–2 in conference play, placing fifth in the WVAC. | WIKI |
George W. Crane
George Washington Crane III (April 28, 1901 – July 17, 1995) was an American psychologist and physician, best known as a conservative syndicated newspaper columnist (Worry Clinic, Test Your Horse Sense) for 60 years (he had previously written campaign speeches for Calvin Coolidge), and published at least three books. He was the father of Republican U.S. congressmen Phil and Dan Crane.
Biography
He was born on April 28, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois.
In the 1930s, Crane developed and distributed many pamphlets concerning life, emotional health and marriage. One of them, "Tests for Husbands and Wives," remains a topic of discussion even into the 21st century. This pamphlet contained evaluation charts for both husbands and wives, who could score themselves and others according to a 100-point scale. The tests were composite opinions of 600 husbands and wives, and included their most frequently voiced flaws and virtues. Crane summarized these opinions, and allocated points that reflected his "judgement as a psychologist and physician." While many of the evaluations reflect lifestyles of the day, taking points off for wives with crooked stocking seams or wearing red nail polish, the pamphlet advocated a degree of sexual equality; the only twenty-pointer in the test was for the husband: "Ardent lover - sees his wife has orgasm in marital congress."
In 1957, he founded the Scientific Marriage Foundation, which claimed to have arranged over 5,000 marriages. Applicants would fill out forms, provide character references and photographs, and interview a local counselor of the foundation, who would provide an assessment of the candidate. The information was sent to the foundation in Mellott, Indiana, which would process the data with an IBM sorting machine, and pair up men and women according to their expected compatibility. Advised by religious leaders of the day, such as Rev. Norman Vincent Peale, Rabbi George Fox and Methodist Bishop Gerald Kennedy, it was one of the first computer dating organizations. Crane's Foundation predated the pioneering Operation Match computer dating system by several years.
His articles consistently emphasized the use of logic in approaching life and solving problems. However, the logic presented in his columns was often unorthodox. As an example, in an article entitled,"Why Men are Superior to Women," Crane offered the argument in support of his thesis, "How many women have you heard about, [sic] who were shepherds?" In another article, he described homosexuality as an "abnormal erotic state" that required "strong incentive plus enough time for the heterosexual habit to develop."
One of Crane's long-standing philosophies theorised that the reason for marital conflict was a lack of sufficient quantities of "boudoir cheesecake," i.e., connubial bliss.
He wrote a psychology textbook entitled "Psychology Applied" which was in print from 1932 to 1967.
He died on July 17, 1995, at his farm outside Hillsboro, Indiana. | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 46 Part 1.djvu/630
SEVENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. SEss. II. Car. 488 . 1930. 587 division shall hold the rank and receive the pay and allowances of Assistant Surgeon General while so serving. b The Surgeon General of the Public Health Service is author- N arco tic dru gs, eta Investigation a nd ized and directed to make such studies and investigations, as may be study off abusive us e , necessary, of the abusive use of narcotic drugs ; of the quantities of gealth service, crude opium, coca leaves, and their salts, derivatives, and prepara- tions, together with such reserves thereof, as are necessary to supply the normal and emergency medicinal and scientific requirements of the United States ; and of the causes, prevalence, and means for the prevention and treatment of mental and nervous diseases. The Sur- Report, geo n Genera l shall r eport to the Sec retary o f the Tre asury no t later than the 1st day of September each year the results of such studies and investi gations. The results of such studies and investigations Results available to C ommissi oner of Nar- of the quantities of crude opium, coca leaves, or other narcotic drugs, cotics, for determining together with such reserves thereof, as are necessary to supply the medicinal require. normal and emergency medicinal and scientific requirements of the United States, shall be made available to the Commissioner of Nar- cotics, to be used at his discretion in determining the amounts of crude opium and coca leaves to be imported under the Narcotic Drugs Import and Exp ort Act, as amended. (c) Th e Secret ary of t he Treasu ry is he reby aut horized to appoin t Appointment of per- such professional, technical, and clerical assistants as may be neces- sary to carr y out the provisions of this secti on. SEC. 5. Any person, corporation, a ssociati on, or partnership Appeal f rom deci - sion, etc ., of Commis aggrieved by any order, rule, or decision of the Commissioner of sioner. Narcotics, or by his failure to rule upon or decide any matter pre- sented to him by proper application, may appeal therefrom to the Secretary of the Treasury, under such regulations as he may pre- scribe, who may affirm, reverse, or modify such action or direct such action to be taken as he may deem equitable and just. SEC. 6. In addition to the amount of coca leaves which may be Coca leaves. 596. imported u nder section 2 (b) of the Narc otic Drugs Import and Additional imports. Export Act, the Commissioner of Narcotics is authorized to permit, tions. in accordance with regulations issued by him, the importation of addi- Promsc tional amounts of coca leaves : Provided, That after the entry thereof Derivatives, etc., to into the United States all cocaine, ecgonine, and all salts, derivatives, be destroyed . and preparations from which cocaine or ecgonine may be synthesized or made, contained in such additional amounts of coca leaves, shall be destroyed under the supervision of an authorized representative of the Commissioner of Narcotics. All coca leaves imported under Pot,P,ob9 6. this section shall be subject to the duties which are now or may here- after be imposed upon such coca leaves when imported. SEC. 7. The Secretary of the Treasury shall cooperate with the tionsernational oblfga Secretary of State in the discharge of the international obligations of the United States concerning the traffic in narcotic drugs. SEC. 8. That the Secretary of the Treasury shall cooperate with Cooperation reith states for suppression the several States in the suppression of the abuse of narcotic drugs of domestic abuse. in thei r respective jurisdictions, and to that end he is authorized (1) Drafting of legisla- to cooperate in the drafting of such legislation as may be needed, l5i ichangeofinforma- if any, to effect the end named, and (2) to arrange for the exchange Lion, ""0- o f inf ormat ion conce rning the use and a buse of n arcot ic d rugs in said States and for cooperation in the institution and prosecution of cases i n the cou rts of t he Unite d States and bef ore the l icensing R egu lati ons to be boards and courts of the several States. The Secretary of the Treas- made. ury is hereby authorized to make such regulations as may be neces- sary to carry this section into effect. Effective date of Act. SEC. 9 . This Act shall take effect upon the expiration of thirty Post, p. 819 . days after the date of its enactment. Approved, June 14, 1930.
� | WIKI |
Creating a Media Server With a Raspberry Pi
A Raspberry Pi is a great computer to set up a simple Samba sharing media server. It’s affordable, coming in at only £34 for the base model of the latest Pi (4 at the time of writing). Coupled with a large hard drive, often you’ll be able to easily put together a ~£100 media server. In this guide, I’ll go over setting up the Pi headlessly and connecting to it on Windows, MacOS and Linux, as well as setting up a Samba share that will allow you to connect to your media whilst you are on your local network.
Gathering the gear
Firstly, you’ll want to pick up a Raspberry Pi. I would suggest trying to pick up the highest RAM model you can afford – this will give growing space if you want to start running a few more intensive programs on your Pi. You’ll also want to get the Pi 4 over the 3B as it gives you ethernet gigabit and USB 3.0, which is much faster than 2.0 (good for your hard drive). I would also suggest getting heatsinks for your Pi – these are often around £10, and will allow your Pi to keep relatively cool without active cooling – very useful if you have it in your university dorm or where you sleep. You can get cases with fans, but these are often quite loud and high pitched, so I wouldn’t suggest it. A heatsink is perfectly adequate as we will mostly be using RAM and not much CPU power.
Pick up the official Raspberry Pi power supply. The Raspberry Pi is powered via a USB-C port, and you want a reliable power supply so it doesn’t switch off all the time.
You’ll need a micro-SD card for your Pi. I would suggest anything over 16 GB – don’t worry about formatting as that will be done automatically later in the guide.
You’ll also want to get a hard drive and a powered drive container. There are a few approaches to this. The reason you cannot simply plug a drive into the Pi is because the Pi cannot power drives via USB.
1. You can choose to buy a powered USB hub, and plug hard drives into that. This means you can pick up the relatively inexpensive passport and other portable drives, and plug them into the hub that is plugged into the Pi. Whilst this could be cheaper than the option I went with (below), the disadvantage is the lack of high capacity drives that work this way.
2. Purchase a hard drive, and a powered hard drive container. This will support much larger drives, and also give you a little more flexibility in your setup. In the feature you could purchase a hard drive bay as your storage needs grow, which will allow you to store huge amounts on your server.
Setting up the Pi
First, plugin your drive and format it to NTFS. You can do this by right clicking on the drive in Explorer, and then clicking on format. I am not sure how to do it on MacOS as I’m not a Mac user.
Now install Raspbian OS onto your Pi. You can download the image here, and I highly recommend you use Etcher to install it onto your SD. Etcher will format it all correctly for you, and it’s incredibly easy to use. Once you have Raspbian OS installed, go into the Boot directory of your Pi (the only accessible one) and create a file simply called ssh, with no extensions. This will enable SSH for your pi meaning you don’t need to connect it to a monitor.
Plug in your external disk and an ethernet cable into your wifi. Log into your wifi settings, which is usually 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1. Find your Raspberry Pis IP address – usually your Pi will be under the SSID of Raspberry PiI would strongly suggest you give it a fixed IP, which will make connecting to it in the future easier as the IP will not change.
Now, enter your terminal and enter ssh pi@YOURIP. SSH tells your computer you want to activate the SSH protocol, pi is your Raspberry Pi username, and YOURIP is the IP address your wifi gave you. When you get prompted for your password, enter raspberry. If all is well, you should now be logged into your Raspberry Pi.
I would now strongly suggest that you change your accounts password. You can do this by typing sudo raspi-config into SSH. Select the change password option, and set the password you want. You may also want to rename your Pi to something other than RaspberryPi here too.
Now, we want to enable VNC. This will let us use the graphical interface of Raspbian. In the raspi-config menu, enter Interfacing options, and then VNC. Enable it. Restart your pi with sudo reboot.
Download VNC onto your computer. When prompted, enter your Pi IP address, and the username and password. You should not see the desktop of the Pi, which should show a prompt to update packages. Click on start, and then wait for your packages to update – this may take some time. If you want, you can connect it to your wifi if you don’t have the ability to keep it on ethernet all the time, otherwise don’t bother. Now you have managed to log into your Pi graphical interface remotely, which will come in handy later.
Setting up Samba
Now let’s set up our Samba share. Go into your SSH window again, and enter the following command: sudo apt-get install samba samba-common-bin. This will install everything that you need for Samba on your Pi. Make sure that your folder that you want to share via Samba is available, and then move onto the next step.
Now that Samba is installed, we want to point it to the folder that our external hard drive lives in. Enter sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf into the SSH window. Jump to the bottom of the file by entering CTRL + _, and then CTRL + V. Now, you can set up your Samba share. Here is my one as an example:
[MSAdmin]
path = /media/pi/Media server
writeable = Yes
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
public = no
• [MSAdmin] – This is the share name, which is used to login to the Samba share. For example, //raspberrypi/msadmin. If you have changed your Pi name, it will be //yourpisname/msadmin.
• path – This shows Samba what directory is to be shared. Here, I have pointed it to my external hard drive.
• writeable – Can be changed if you want to give editing access or not.
• create mask and directory mask – Gives maximum permissions for files and folders. 0777 gives read, write and execute access. You can find out more about this here.
• public – If you want anyone to access the share, you can set this to yes. If you want a username and password to be required, you set this to no.
Once you have made the appropriate changes, save your config by entering CTRL + X, and then y and finally Enter. If you want, you can add multiple of these with different permissions if you want to share certain folders with friends, or share your media server with your local network.
Finally, a user needs to be assigned to the Samba share. If you haven’t renamed your username, and it is still pi, you can set the password by running sudo smbpasswd -a pi, and then entering the password you want when prompted.
Once you have done this, restart Samba by running sudo service smbd restart.
Connecting to your Samba share
To view content on your server, as well as transfer content to it, it has to be connected to on your desktop or laptop. This will not only allow content to be streamed and edited, but also content to be uploaded from your local PC to your server.
If you want to download from the internet on the Pi, you can use VNC to use the Chromium browser that is built in with Raspbian.
To transfer via FTP, there are a few options. For users more experienced with command line, LFTP is a great FTP tool that supports segmented downloads. If you want a graphical interface, you can get Filezilla by running sudo apt-get install filezilla. Then simply open it by typing filezilla into the Run command in the Raspbian menu. LFTP will be quicker at downloading, so I would recommend to learn it.
Anyway, onto connecting the Samba share to your devices.
Windows
Open up File Explorer, then click on This PC, followed by Computer and then Map Network Drive.
You will be prompted with the below screen. Fill in the appropriate details, and then click on finish.
You will then be asked to login. Enter your username, which will still be pi if you haven’t changed it, and then the Samba password you set. Hit enter, and you should now be logged into your Samba share.
MacOS and Linux
iOS
If you want to watch stuff on your server on your phone or iPad, you can use Infuse 6 to connect to local Samba shares. Infuse is a really impressive media player, and I recommend it to anyone who watches stuff on their phone or tablet.
You can also use the slightly cheaper PDF Expert 6, which will let you connect to local Samba shares to browse and view files. It also supports video streaming.
Conclusion
You’ll now have access to all the files on your hard drive. You can browse and use files in your server on devices that are connected to your local network. If you have any issues, please feel free to comment below.
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Source: eclipse-aether Section: java Priority: optional Maintainer: Debian Java Maintainers Uploaders: Damien Raude-Morvan Build-Depends: cdbs, debhelper (>= 9), default-jdk, maven-debian-helper (>= 1.4) Build-Depends-Indep: junit4, libasync-http-client-java, libplexus-classworlds2-java, libbuild-helper-maven-plugin-java, libguice-java, libmaven-bundle-plugin-java, libplexus-containers1.5-java (>= 1.5.5-2), libsisu-ioc-java, libsisu-maven-plugin-java, libwagon-java Standards-Version: 3.9.6 Vcs-Git: git://anonscm.debian.org/pkg-java/eclipse-aether.git Vcs-Browser: https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-java/eclipse-aether.git Homepage: http://www.eclipse.org/aether/ Package: libeclipse-aether-java Architecture: all Depends: ${maven:Depends}, ${misc:Depends} Suggests: ${maven:OptionalDepends} Description: Library to handle Java artifact repositories Aether is a library for interacting with Java artifact repositories. . This involves the specification of local repository formats, remote repository formats, workspaces, transports, and artifact resolution. . Aether is a dependency of Maven but Aether don't depends on anything Maven specific. For instance, with Aether you can specify your dependency metadata in a properties files or in a database. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Encrypting the Internet | Information Technology Colleges
The advancement of the Internet has brought about substantial amounts of data being traded by organizations or private people. The idea of this data is ordinarily both open and private, and a lot of it is transmitted over the hyper content exchange convention (HTTP) in a shaky way. A little measure of traffic, be that as it may, is transmitted by method for the safe attachments layer (SSL) over HTTP, known as HTTPS. HTTPS is a protected cryptographic convention that gives encryption and message validation over HTTP. The presentation of SSL over HTTP altogether expands the expense of handling traffic for specialist organizations, as it now and then requires an interest in costly end-point speeding up gadgets. In this article, we present new advancements and results that demonstrate the economy of utilizing universally useful equipment for high-volume HTTPS traffic. Our answer is three pronged. Initially, we examine new CPU guidelines and demonstrate to utilize them to essentially quicken fundamental cryptographic tasks, including symmetric encryption and message confirmation. Second, we present outcomes from a novel programming usage of the RSA calculation that quickens another figure serious piece of the HTTPS convention—open key encryption. Third, we demonstrate that the effectiveness of a web server can be enhanced by adjusting the web server outstanding burden with people in general key cryptographic remaining task at hand on a processor that is empowered with synchronous multi-threading (SMT) innovation. All in all, we demonstrate that these advances give web benefits the apparatuses to enormously diminish the expense of actualizing HTTPS for all their HTTP traffic. Information Technology Colleges
Presentation
As of January 2009, it is assessed that the Internet interfaces six hundred and twenty five million hosts. Consistently, immense measures of data are traded among these a great many PCs. These information contain open and private data, which is regularly classified and should be secured. Security conventions for defending data are routinely utilized in managing an account and internet business. Private data, be that as it may, has not been secured on the Internet by and large. Instances of private data (past managing an account and online business information) incorporate individual email, texts, nearness, area, spilled video, look questions, and collaborations on a wide assortment of on-line interpersonal organizations. The explanation behind this disregard is basically monetary. Security conventions depend on cryptography, and in that capacity are register asset serious. Accordingly, anchoring private data requires that an on-line specialist organization put vigorously in calculation assets. In this article we present new advancements that can decrease the expense of on-line secure correspondences, along these lines making it a practical choice for countless.
A ton of private data is transmitted over the HTTP in an unreliable way. HTTP exists in the application layer of the TCP/IP convention stack. The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and its successor, Transport Layer Security (TLS) are security advancements connected to a similar layer. In this article, we explicitly allude to SSL/TLS over the HTTP application layer, known as HTTPS. The presentation of HTTPS fundamentally expands the expense of handling traffic for web-specialist co-ops, because of the way that it isn't feasible for past age, web-server equipment to process high-volume HTTPS traffic with all the additional cryptographic overhead. So as to process this high-volume traffic, a web-specialist organization needs to put resources into costly end-point SSL/TLS speeding up gadgets. This additional cost makes HTTPS a specific or premium decision among web-specialist co-ops. Thus, a lot of private data is transmitted over the web in a shaky way and can, hence, be blocked or altered in transit. In this article we give an answer for this issue by introducing new advances and results that demonstrate that it is currently conceivable to utilize broadly useful equipment for high-volume HTTPS traffic. Cloud Technology
Association of this Article
Our answer for alleviating the overhead of a SSL-empowered HTTP session is three pronged. To begin with, we examine new processor directions and demonstrate to utilize them to quicken essential cryptographic activities by variables. This significantly diminishes the server stack amid the mass information exchange period of HTTPS. Second, we present outcomes from a novel execution of the Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) topsy-turvy cryptographic calculation [1] that quickens the most figure escalated phase of the HTTPS convention: that is, the phase in which the server needs to decode handshake messages originating from countless. Third, we dissect a web server and show how its productivity can be enhanced by adjusting a web-server outstanding task at hand with a cryptographic remaining burden on a processor empowered with synchronous multi-threading (SMT) innovation.Technology Credit Union, By doing this, we demonstrate that the cryptographic overhead can be covered up by performing it in parallel with memory gets to that have long slow down occasions.
We at that point expound on our inspiration and vision of sending HTTPS all over the place. To begin with, we present a top to bottom investigation of a SSL session and its asset necessities. We at that point depict our three-pronged methodology, together with our investigations and results.
Inspiration
The inspiration driving our examination is basically to empower boundless utilization of, and access to, HTTPS. It is critical for specialist organizations and clients to have the capacity to confide in one another for their shared advantage. An essential part of the trust originates from realizing that private correspondences are kept secret and stick to the arrangements built up among suppliers and clients. Clients should be taught and educated about the advantages of HTTPS for security in on-line interchanges. Suppliers need to receive universal HTTPS contributions to guarantee that they hold up their finish of the arrangement. Empowering HTTPS without costly speculation is critical in making such an association. Call Center Technology
HTTPS gives a conclusion to-end answer for information security and credibility. This conclusion to-end arrangement guarantees that when clients transmit data from their gadget to a supplier, the data can't be seen by man-in-the-center spyware. This is imperative because of the way that bundles travel over untrusted arranges all the time in the Internet. Albeit most steering gadgets are escaped coordinate perception, they are not impenetrable to persuaded spies. Much increasingly recognizable are the freely open remote passageways that are being used everywhere throughout the world. These passages communicate data to all gadgets overseen by them. In the event that there isn't a conclusion to-end answer for security, these correspondences can be effectively seen by system neighbors. There are different answers for the security issue, for example, Layer 3 Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), however VPNs are ordinarily constrained to systems where clients speak with different clients inside a halfway overseen organize; that is, having numerous clients yet a solitary supplier. In such cases, the system supplier as of now has strict approaches about information protection and security that are imparted to clients through preparing. For instance, messages inside an endeavor are frequently permitted just over the venture oversaw VPN. For the bigger Internet, clients interface over the systems of numerous suppliers. Moreover, as of late we have seen a decrease in the utilization of a wide assortment of correspondence conventions (for instance, FTP) for the HTTP convention. In this condition, HTTPS is the most practical answer for empowering private and secure correspondences among the extensive and developing quantities of clients and suppliers.
Future utilizations of HTTPS may incorporate across the board email encryption, secure video spilling, secure texting and encoded web seeking. These are a couple of the numerous utilizations of HTTPS that are not broadly utilized today. Besides, with each passing year, clients are putting a greater amount of their own and private data on-line. Distributed computing empowers them to get to their data over the entirety of their gadgets all over the place. We trust that it is inescapable that clients will request HTTPS bolster from their suppliers for every one of their correspondences. Being set up for that day drove us to examine and build up the advances portrayed in this article. We imagine that with these headways, each HTTP-based correspondence made by each gadget today will be HTTPS-situated sooner rather than later. We allude to this as "https://all over the place!". Cloud Computing Technology
Life structures of a Secure Sockets Layer Session
Secure Sockets Layer
Secure attachments layer (SSL) (later forms known as Transport Layer Security, TLS) incorporates a handshake stage and a cryptographic information trade stage. The general SSL handshake is appeared in Figure 1. In our outline, in stage 1, the handshake starts when a customer sends a server a rundown of calculations the customer will bolster and additionally an irregular number utilized as contribution to the key age process.
In stage 2, the server picks a figure and sends it back, alongside an authentication containing the server's open key. The testament demonstrates the server's character. We take note of that the space name of the server is likewise checked by means of the declaration (which disposes of phishing destinations) and exhibits to the client they are conversing with the right server/benefit. Furthermore, the server gives a second irregular number that is utilized as a major aspect of the key age process. In stage 3, the customer checks the server's testament and concentrates the server's open key. The customer at that point produces an arbitrary mystery string called a pre-ace mystery and scrambles it by utilizing the server's open key. The pre-ace mystery is sent to the server. In stage 4, the server unscrambles the pre-ace mystery by utilizing RSA. This is a standout amongst the most figure escalated parts of the SSL exchange on the server. The customer and server at that point autonomously figure their session keys by utilizing the pre-ace mystery to apply | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Lene Christensen
Lene Christensen may refer to:
* Lena Christensen, Thai-Danish actress, television presenter, and singer
* Lene Christensen (footballer) (born 2000), Danish footballer | WIKI |
Talk:bean
Possible origin of the money sense
Regarding the money sense: John Camden Hotten's Slang Dictionary (1873) claims that "formerly, bean meant a guinea", and relates the word to the French. Equinox ◑ 18:21, 25 May 2022 (UTC)
Irish
Cf. Boeotian Greek βανά (baná). (γυνή)--Manfariel (talk) 19:49, 27 May 2022 (UTC) | WIKI |
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Publications (1)2.82 Total impact
• Article: Magnetic versus manual guidewire manipulation in neuroradiology: in vitro results.
[show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Standard microguidewires used in interventional neuroradiology have a predefined shape of the tip that cannot be changed while the guidewire is in the vessel. We evaluated a novel magnetic navigation system (MNS) that generates a magnetic field to control the deflection of a microguidewire that can be used to reshape the guidewire tip in vivo without removing the wire from the body, thereby potentially facilitating navigation along tortuous paths or multiple acute curves. The MNS consists of two permanent magnets positioned on either side of the fluoroscopy table that create a constant precisely controlled magnetic field in the defined region of interest. This field enables omnidirectional rotation of a 0.014-inch magnetic microguidewire (MG). Speed of navigation, accuracy in a tortuous vessel anatomy and the potential for navigating into in vitro aneurysms were tested by four investigators with differing experience in neurointervention and compared to navigation with a standard, manually controlled microguidewire (SG). Navigation using MG was faster (P=0.0056) and more accurate (0.2 mistakes per trial vs. 2.6 mistakes per trial) only in less-experienced investigators. There were no statistically significant differences between the MG and the SG in the hands of experienced investigators. One aneurysm with an acute angulation from the carrier vessel could be navigated only with the MG while the SG failed, even after multiple reshaping manoeuvres. Our findings suggest that magnetic navigation seems to be easier, more accurate and faster in the hands of less-experienced investigators. We consider that the features of the MNS may improve the efficacy and safety of challenging neurointerventional procedures.
Neuroradiology 07/2006; 48(6):394-401. · 2.82 Impact Factor | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Design of Windmill for Pumping Water
Project Overview
Power generation is a major requirement nowadays, Saudi Arabia in specific is looking for new methods to find renewable energy sources as part of 2030’s vision and wind power was found to be suitable for the country’s geographic condition.
Wind is the motion of air that is moving on the surface of the earth, and its speed varies based on the geographical location. The wind energy can be generated from the change of atmosphere unevenly where some parts get warmer than others. The warmer air rises and the colder air patches blow to replace them, therefore, alternating air is resulted and that air is wind [1]. Windmill is a mill that is used to convert kinetic energy of the wind into a mechanical energy by using blades rotor assembly which drives the shaft. The result from the rotating shaft provides a mechanical work that can be used to pump water as an example.
This project is intended to design a windmill based on the various components and their actual drawings. This design will contain the rotor assembly i.e. blades, hub, transmission shaft, the gear box, tower, generator, and yow system. Windmill has two different designs, the first type is horizontal and the second type is vertical. In this project, it will focus on the horizontal type. The consumption of power in Saudi Arabia is about triple times the world average [2]. There comes the benefit of windmill as it will reflect positively on the country in an economical point of view, as vision 2030 tries to find an alternative power source other than petroleum. Using renewable energy sources will not only benefit Saudi Arabia economically, but also will help the country to reduce its pollution by using free green energy such as wind. The main advantage of windmill compared with solar panel is that the country is located in a desert area where dust is very common, the dust has a big impact on the solar panels. Moreover, solar energy only works during the day while, windmill can operate 24 hours depending on the wind changes [4]
Project Objectives
The main objective of this project is to determine the power from a renewable energy source which is the wind. Moreover, to design a windmill with the key characteristics of a windmill. Another objective of this project is to practice and apply the engineering concepts. But there are more objectives, which are:
• Design and construct a windmill to produce a renewable energy which is going to decrease the pollution.
• Reduce the cost and energy of pumping water.
• Study the difference between horizontal axis wind turbine, and the vertical axis turbine.
• Learn the advantages and disadvantages of windmill.
• Identify mathematical equations.
• Compare between theoretical and experimental power.
Final Report | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Propaniac/bsc/Kathy
Kathy is a sitter for David Michael Thomas, two days a week in the first few books. She is a high school student, and is very busy. | WIKI |
The Return of the Fabulous Hofner Bluenotes
The Return of the Fabulous Hofner Bluenotes is the twenty-second studio album by British singer-songwriter Chris Rea, released in 2008 by his own record label, Jazzee Blue. It comprises three CDs and double 10" vinyl records in an 80-page hardback book. It is the second album of his project, the Hofner Blue Notes (2003).
Summary
The project narrates the history of The Delmonts, an imaginary guitar instrumental band from the late 1950s, who in early 1960s evolved into blues band The Hofner Bluenotes. It also gives a brief history of the Hofner guitar, and its importance in the development of music in Britain. The book is lavishly illustrated with period photos and mocked up posters and newspaper cuttings about the band, together with some of Rea's paintings, and photos of Hofner guitars. The music was recorded by Rea (guitars), Colin Hodgkinson (bass) and Martin Ditcham (drums), who feature in the book, together with Neil Drinkwater and Robert Ahwai.
After the album was released, Rea started a European tour, including a show at London's Royal Albert Hall and Newcastle City Hall. He and his band would perform as a quintet The Fabulous Hofner Blue Notes. The concerts were divided in three sections: in the first, they would play only songs from Delmonts (CD1), then some blues songs from Fabulous Hofner Blue Notes (CD2), and in the third part Rea's greatest hits.
Reception
In The Independent review was rated 3/5 stars. Alexander Cordas writing for laut.de gave it the same score, stating that The Delmonts music from the first CD is not for everyone because the homage "is entertaining, but rather in the sense of a winking glance towards the past", while The Hofners sometimes does not convince because it has "every now and then cliché-drenched" tracks which "sound neither dirty in the bluesy sense, nor exciting in their compositional aspect", concluding that "the overall package of the Hofner Bluenotes appeals with its appealing exterior".
Tracks
CD 1: The Delmonts
(The same 16 tracks appear on the 2×10" vinyl records)
* 1) "Dirty New Town" – 2:25
* 2) "008 Jimmy Bond" – 3:30
* 3) "India Arab" – 3:06
* 4) "BB Was a Comanche" – 3:11
* 5) "Theme From 'the Pink Guitar'" – 2:25
* 6) "Russian Roulette" – 3:10
* 7) "Black Wave Heroes" – 3:31
* 8) "Andorra Star Blues" – 3:27
* 9) "Gippo Euro" – 2:48
* 10) "The Power of Love" – 3:45
* 11) "Big Storm Coming" – 3:01
* 12) "Race Fever Blues" – 2:35
* 13) "It's Behind You" – 2:11
* 14) "French Football" – 2:32
* 15) "Green Shirt Blues (For George Russell)" – 3:40
* 16) "Blue Miles" – 3:55
CD 2: The Hofner Bluenotes
* 1) "I Can't Wait for Love" – 3:49
* 2) "Speak of God, Act Like the Devil" – 4:37
* 3) "Big Wave" – 3:42
* 4) "Don't Give Your Ace Away" – 3:26
* 5) "Renaissance Blues" – 3:37
* 6) "Let's Getaway" – 3:50
* 7) "Legacy Blues" – 4:07
* 8) "Don't Tell Me About the Blues" – 4:35
* 9) "If I Keep My Faith in You" – 4:29
* 10) "The Shadow of a Fool" – 3:55
* 11) "Rock and Roll Tonight" – 3:28
* 12) "I Will Be with You" – 4:00
CD 3: The Hofner Bluenotes
* 1) "Twister Inside" – 4:11
* 2) "When the Truth Comes Out" – 3:22
* 3) "Because It's You" – 3:32
* 4) "Looking Glass Blues" – 4:07
* 5) "Blues for Janice" – 3:46
* 6) "Meet Me On the Mountain" – 4:25
* 7) "Skylark Blues" – 4:05
* 8) "Which Part of the Painting Made You Cry?" – 4:24
* 9) "The Days I Spent with You (Song for Bella)" – 3:32
* 10) "Yes I Do" – 4:14
The Hofner Bluenotes
* Chris Rea – vocals, guitars
* Robert Ahawi – guitars
* Neil Drinkwater – keyboards, acoustic piano
* Colin Hodgkinson – bass
* Martin Ditcham – drums, percussion
Production
* Chris Rea – producer, painting
* Tommy Willis – recording
* Jon Astley – mastering
* Sam Hadley – cover illustration
* Peacock (London, UK) – art direction, design
* Rex Features (UK) – 1960s lifestyle photography
* Mike Hill – guitar photography
* Mark Rea – Lotus Cortina photography | WIKI |
Arshad
Arshad is an Arabic male given name and a surname. It means "the right path".
Notable people with the name include:
Given name
* Arshad Ali (disambiguation), several people
* Arshad Ayub (born 1958), Indian cricketer
* Arshad Hasan, executive director at Democracy for America (DFA)
* Arshad Hussain (born 1990), amateur Pakistani boxer
* Arshad Khan (disambiguation), several people
* Arshad Laeeq (born 1970), Pakistani cricketer
* Arshad Mehmood (composer), Pakistani actor, music composer and singer
* Arshad Mehmood (singer), Pakistani singer
* Arshad Pervez (born 1953), Pakistani cricketer
* Arshad Sharif (born 1973), Pakistani journalist, writer and photographer
* Arshad Warsi (born 1968), Indian actor
Surname
* Abdul Rahman Arshad (1936–2020), Malaysian academician, educator and diplomat
* Abdul Rahman bin Arshad, Singaporean convicted robber and culprit of the 1994 Oriental Hotel murder case
* Humza Arshad (born 1985), British-Pakistani actor, comedian, writer and YouTube personality
* Joseph Arshad (born 1964), Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Faisalabad
* Muhammad Arshad (writer), Persian author of medieval Bengal
* Muhammad Arshad Misbahi (born 1968), Imam of Manchester Central Mosque Victoria Park since 1997, Chair of AKSA (Al-Karam Scholars Association)
* Sudirman Arshad (1954–1992), Malaysian singer and songwriter | WIKI |
databasedev.co.uk - database solutions and downloads for microsoft access
SQL
Why use SQL?:
A descendent of the 70’s SEQueL standard, SQL has aged well and is still the tool most favoured by database administrators across the globe.
There are two essential purposes of a database language:- to create and edit the database and to perform queries. The simple fact is that these tasks are accomplished by users of SQL and SQL powered applications with generally greater ease and efficiency, and that no-one has yet come up with a better way of working with data in a relational database.
Powerfully Easy
Though competitors have come and gone over the years, SQL has remained the standard-bearing database language, working behind the scenes on GUI database interfaces and used by those who need custom-written queries and data-manipulations.
Perhaps the primary reason for this is the mix of functionality, power and relative ease of use that SQL provides. No competing language has been able to combine high functionality with ease of use quite as effectively.
Key to avoidance of unnecessary complexity is the fact that SQL’s command structure is restricted to definitional and manipulative commands. While a lack of ‘flow of control’ commands makes SQL somewhat computationally incomplete, the pay-off is a language with a much simpler structure, and fewer commands and conventions.
Furthermore, the commands themselves are comprised of simple English words (Create Table, Insert Into etc), and essentially free-format.
Thus SQL is one of the easiest languages used today both to learn and to use, and is likely to incur significantly lower staff training costs than more complex languages.
The intuitive command-structure allows users at any level of an organisation the option to acquaint themselves with some of the fundamentals of the language easily, even apart from database administration staff.
And, whether managers or application-developers, whether for querying, data-manipulation or other uses it is likely to be of use to many users throughout any organisation interested in formalising relational database usage, or in enabling a wider variety of workers to conduct queries or manipulate data independent of GUI applications.
For all it‘s accessibility, SQL is powerful enough and wide enough in scope to satisfy the needs of data-handling workers from end-using management to database Administrators who must design and edit the database.
Near universal recognition as the foremost database language is another compelling reason to use SQL. Virtually every database application is currently powered by SQL, with developers customising the language to their own ends (as with Oracle’s PL/SQL). These variations are based on the standard ANSI-SQL, however, and do not differ greatly from the ANSI standard.
This universality breeds a variety of competing solutions to buyers, and simplifies the market considerably.
An unhappy customer of one database application can thus switch to another with less disruption, as the back-end workings remain essentially the same, and the underlying database structures need not be disturbed.
Going forward, the fact that all major vendors work with SQL also ensures a continuing investment in SQL-based applications. And with no major competitors to the standard beating at the door, the future of relational database implementation and management in one respect looks a lot like the past. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Dropbox on Linux: installing from source, commands, and repositories
The Dropbox desktop app is available on supported Linux operating systems. If you use Dropbox on a Linux machine, we recommend that you download and install the appropriate Linux package of the Dropbox desktop app.
Sections in this article:
How to build the Dropbox installer for Linux from source
The Dropbox installation package source has been released to the public via a GPL license. This means that even if we don't have installation packages for your Linux or Unix distribution of choice, you can still compile a version yourself.
Install Dropbox from source
1. Download the latest installer package.
2. Extract the tarball:
3. tar xjf ./nautilus-dropbox-1.6.1.tar.bz2
4. In most distributions, the following commands should do the rest:
5. cd ./nautilus-dropbox-1.6.1; ./configure; make; make install;
For specific distributions or to configure your installation, see the INSTALL file included with the source package.
Want to contribute?
As mentioned above, nautilus-dropbox is released on a GPL license. However, due to legal requirements, we can only accept patches into our release if you release your patch into the public domain. Don't worry, we'll still credit you in the CONTRIBUTORS file included with every package. To submit your patches, contact us. If you want to develop on the Dropbox platform, visit our developers site and check out our API.
How to add Dropbox to your Linux repository
To add Dropbox to an Ubuntu repository:
1. Add the following line to /etc/apt/sources.list, and replace xenial with your build's name below.
2. deb http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu xenial main
3. Import our GPG keys into your apt repository, perform the following command from your terminal shell:
4. $ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver pgp.mit.edu
--recv-keys 1C61A2656FB57B7E4DE0F4C1FC918B335044912E
To add Dropbox to a Fedora repository:
1. Add the following to /etc/yum.conf.
2. name=Dropbox Repository
baseurl=http://linux.dropbox.com/fedora/\$releasever/
gpgkey=http://linux.dropbox.com/fedora/rpm-public-key.asc
How to remove Dropbox from your Linux repository
1. Remove the lines that you added when first adding Dropbox to your repository:
• Ubuntu: Remove the following line from /etc/apt/sources.list. Replace xenial with your build's name:
• deb http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu xenial main
• Fedora: Remove the following from /etc/yum.conf:
• name=Dropbox Repository
baseurl=http://linux.dropbox.com/fedora/\$releasever/
gpgkey=http://linux.dropbox.com/fedora/rpm-public-key.asc
2. Run this command to list all keys you've imported:
sudo apt-key list
3. Copy the key for Dropbox, then run this command:
sudo apt-key del <copied Dropbox key>
What Linux commands are available on Dropbox?
The Dropbox desktop app can be controlled with the Linux Command Line Interface (CLI). Depending on your Linux distribution and the package you used to perform installation, you may need to download a Python script to control Dropbox from the command line. However, we recommend you first try without downloading the script.
Before running commands, ensure that you’re running the available commands while your prompt is located at the root (top level) of the Dropbox folder.
By default, the Dropbox folder is located in ~/Dropbox (or ~/Dropbox (Your team name), if you have a Dropbox Business account). If you moved the Dropbox folder to a different location, be sure you navigate to the root of your actual Dropbox folder before running the commands below.
Command CLI Purpose
autostart dropbox autostart [y/n] Options here include:
• n: Dropbox will not start automatically at login
• y: Dropbox will start automatically at login (default)
Note that this command may only work on currently supported Ubuntu distributions.
exclude dropbox exclude [list] When list is used or with non arguments, this command prints a list of directories currently excluded from syncing.
dropbox exclude add [DIRECTORY] [DIRECTORY] … Adds one or more directories to the exclusion list, then resynchronizes Dropbox.
dropbox exclude remove [DIRECTORY] [DIRECTORY] … This removes one or more directories from the exclusion list, and then resynchronizes Dropbox. Please note that any specified path must be within the Dropbox folder.
filestatus dropbox file status [-l] [-a] [FILE]… This prints the current status of each FILE. Options include:
• -l or --list: prints out information in a format similar to the native Linux command ls.
• -a or --all: do not ignore entries starting with "."
Aliases will include stat.
help dropbox help [command] With no arguments, this prints a list of commands and a short description of each. With a command, prints descriptive help on how to use the command.
lansync dropbox lan sync [y/n] Options here include:
• y: Dropbox will use LAN sync (default).
• n: Dropbox will not use LAN sync.
ls dropbox ls [FILE]… This is an alias for filestatus -l.
proxy dropbox proxy MODE [TYPE] [HOST] [PORT] [USERNAME] [PASSWORD] This manually sets proxy settings for Dropbox:
• MODE One of the following: none, auto, manual
• Only valid in manual mode:
• TYPE One of the following: http, socks4, socks5
• HOST Proxy hostname
• PORT Proxy port
• USERNAME Proxy username (optional)
• PASSWORD Proxy password (optional)
puburl dropbox puburl FILE This prints out a public link url for FILE. This is only applicable if you have a public folder enabled in your account. This command can only be used on files in your public folder.
running dropbox running This returns 1 if the daemon is running and 0 if it’s not running. This command can only be used in scripts to check if Dropbox is running. This command does not output anything to the CLI.
sharelink dropbox sharelink FILE This prints out a shared slink for FILE.
• FILE Absolute path to FILE
start dropbox start [-i] This starts the Dropbox daemon. If the daemon is already running, this will not do anything. Options include -i or i--install to auto install the Dropbox daemon if it’s not available on the system.
status dropbox status This prints out the current status of the Dropbox daemon.
stop dropbox stop This stops the Dropbox daemon.
throttle dropbox throttle DOWNLOAD UPLOAD This sets bandwidth limits for file sync:
• DOWNLOAD Either unlimited or a manual limit in KB/s
• UPLOAD One of the following: unlimited, auto, or a manual limit in KB/s
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Intel Core
It takes something special to make Intel introduce a new name for its processor. In the last ten years, we’ve seen only the Celeron and the Xeon, so the all-new Intel Core promises something special. Here, we’ll explain the technology behind the chip, what this means in terms of performance and the impact the new chips could have on notebook and PC design.
The Core is actually two new processors: the Core Solo and Core Duo. Based on the core formerly codenamed Yonah, they’re making their debut in notebooks and form the heart of the new Centrino platform. As the names suggest, the Core Duo processor has two execution cores, continuing Intel’s drive toward multicore processing and multithreaded applications, while the Solo contains just one core and will find its way into lower-cost machines.
Intel’s current roadmap includes Pentiums for several months to come, but the chances are that either this or the next generation of Yonah will become the primary desktop processor too, finally ousting the Pentium for all mainstream applications.
The technology
The Core Duo processor isn’t simply two Dothan Pentium M cores combined on one die. The Core is a significant evolution, although its architecture is heavily based on the previous 90nm generation. Along with the new Presler-cored Pentium Extreme Edition (see p75), the Core processors are the first models to be fabricated using Intel’s newest 65nm process.
The clichéd comparisons to the width of a human hair are now more or less redundant: 65nm (0.0065 of a millionth of a metre) is in the same order of size as a virus and significantly smaller than bacteria. This has helped Intel to fit two cores onto a die only slightly larger than that of the latest Dothan-cored Pentium M (90mm2 as opposed to 84mm2 for the older part). Although this isn’t quite the miraculous feat it might sound – most of the area of the die is taken up by the same 2MB of Level 2 cache – it’s still an impressive piece of engineering, and the total transistor count has increased by 11 million for a total of 151 million overall.
What is truly impressive, however, is the fact that, despite having double the cores, the total power consumption of the Duo has remained largely consistent with the Pentium M. This is partially thanks to the 65nm process, but substantial savings have come from a raft of incremental measures.
Power-saving features
Put simply, the Core’s smaller transistors mean lower drive current per transistor and thus lower power consumption. It isn’t all plain-sailing, though: as transistor sizes have decreased, problems with leakage current have increased. The practical upshot of leakage current is that even when a transistor is nominally switched off it still wastes energy, but Intel has invested heavily in developing ultra-low-leakage fabrication techniques for the 65nm parts that require them.
Core also introduces Dynamic Cache Sizing. This is a power-saving measure that allows the processor to flush out the contents of the cache to main memory. The areas of cache that have been cleared can then be switched off until needed again. In addition, flushing the whole cache to memory allows each core to go into a lower-voltage Deep Sleep mode. Previously, there needed to be a voltage safety margin to ensure the integrity of cache data, but once it’s been flushed to system memory that requirement is removed. The result is a new Enhanced Deeper Sleep power state (known as a C state) for even lower idle power consumption.
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Todays Highlights
How to See Google Search History
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Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Phillycat1258/Archive
28 May 2014
* Suspected sockpuppets
* User compare report Auto-generated every hour.
* Editor interaction utility
PMCpropertygroupwiki first created PMC Property Group - Philadelphia. Then they were blocked for a promotional username and the article CSD'd. Phillycat1258 recreated this article, and right at the same time Fy15047 created the article PMC Property Group - South Carolina. The page is now deleted so I can't provide diffs. Zeusu 18:34, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
Comments by other users
* , thanks, the others had already been blocked for repeated recreation of deleted material but Phillycat was still around. If another account pops up do I have to make a new investigation or can I add info here? Zeusu 18:49, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
* Actually the other accounts were not yet blocked when you made the report - you managed to figure the connection between the accounts before i did. As for extra editors: The case is still open so if they pop up you can list them here. Once the case is closed creating a new one is the way to go.
* That said i'll mark this case with a request for a checkuser to look if there are any more sleeper accounts. Seeing the creation order and creation date of the accounts there may be a few more around that need to be broomed to the laundry bin. Excirial ( Contact me, Contribs ) 19:00, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
* thanks for your help. I noticed that this case isn't showing up on the list at Sockpuppet_investigations, do you know why..? This was my first time creating an SPI. Zeusu 19:36, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
* It has been on the list for a while now - note that it is in the yellow section that request checkuser attention though. If it does not show up for you it might help to bypass your cache while reloading the page? Excirial ( Contact me, Contribs ) 19:45, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
* Thanks! Zeusu 19:46, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments
. Nicely spotted, and it is clear as day these are either sock or meatpuppets. Listed accounts are already blocked. Excirial ( Contact me, Contribs ) 18:45, 28 May 2014 (UTC)
* - Sleeper check. See deleted contribs for diffs. King of ♥ ♦ ♣ ♠ 21:44, 29 May 2014 (UTC)
* —DoRD (talk) 14:52, 1 June 2014 (UTC)
* —DoRD (talk) 14:52, 1 June 2014 (UTC)
* —DoRD (talk) 14:52, 1 June 2014 (UTC)
* —DoRD (talk) 14:52, 1 June 2014 (UTC)
* —DoRD (talk) 14:52, 1 June 2014 (UTC)
* —DoRD (talk) 14:52, 1 June 2014 (UTC)
* Closing. King of ♥ ♦ ♣ ♠ 08:10, 2 June 2014 (UTC) | WIKI |
Talk:ISO/IEC 9126
Internal vs. External measures
The article mentions internal and external measures. Are the internal, static measures things like inspections, reviews, etc.? Also, are the external measures dynamic, like execution testing?
Criticisms?
Any Criticisms on ISO 9126? I read in the ISO 9000 article that the ISO standards does not really apply to software engineering, so how about ISO 9126?
SQuaRE
SQuaRE (ISO 25000) is not a tailored view for COTS software but the replacement of ISO 9126. It includes a modified version of 9126. This information can be found in the public accessibe parts of ISO 25000. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:54, 25 September 2008 (UTC)
Update to new standard
Propose renaming article to new standard ISO/IEC 25010 and restructuring accordingly.David Condrey (talk) 04:29, 23 July 2014 (UTC)
* I'd oppose this. 9126 is still in use, partly because it has been used so often in the past, partly because 25010 is so much bigger. So information specific to 9126 should be in Wikipedia. Perhaps an article combining information about the two would be a good option. Rp (talk) 08:10, 23 July 2014 (UTC)
* It would be very useful if Wikipedia could cover the new standard ISO/IEC 25010:2011 - it's now 3 years old, so to have no real information on it is a big oversight. Ianhowlett (talk) 12:37, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
* Yes, it would be better to rename the article and restructure it or otherwise make a new article for the new standard. The current situation redirecting the new standard to this page is confusing. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:20, 11 December 2015 (UTC)
* Five years on from the above, I feel it is well beyond time to reverse the primary and redirected pages... Andrew D Banks (talk) 12:38, 22 December 2020 (UTC)
* I suggest we add a new page for the standard ISO/IEC 25010 (already existing in Dutch), and then refer from the ISO 9126 page. Anyone against this? Martin Op 't Land (talk) 12:48, 14 October 2021 (UTC)
* Having carried out some recent research around this standard, it appears that the ISO/IEC 25010:2011 has been superceeded by the ISO/IEC 25002:2024, as of March 2024. Could I suggest that this be reflected in this artlcle as well? Draugr Strigoi (talk) 10:32, 12 July 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Quick Answer: What do you mean when a bulb is marked as 100 watt?
What does 100 watts mean on a light bulb?
100 Watts on a bulb means it consumes 100 Watts of power when it is on. If it works for one second it will have consumer 100 Watt seconds of energy. If left on for an hour it will have consumed 100 Watt hours of energy.
What does a 100 watt mean?
Watt is the unit of power whereas kilowatt-hour (kWh) is the unit of energy. Watt indicates the rate of using energy in J/s. … If you have a Light bulb that has a rating of 100 watt, it means that the light bulb consumes 100 J per second. kWh is the unit of energy.
Does a 100 watt light bulb use 100 watts?
What Uses Watts in Your Home
Appliance/Equipment Avg. Usage Monthly kWh
75-Watt Bulb (75 W) Equivalent compact fluorescent 4 hours/day 4 hours/day 9 2.5
100-Watt Bulb (100 W) Equivalent compact fluorescent 4 hours/day 4 hours/day 12 3.25
Farm
Electric Fence Charger daily 2
What is 100 watt LED equivalent to?
LED equivalents to traditional incandescent light bulbs
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Incandescent Light Bulb Wattage LED Equivalent Wattage
100 Watt 10 Watt
75 Watt 7.5 Watt
60 Watt 6 Watt
50 Watt 5 Watt
How long will it take a 100 watt bulb to consume 1 kWh energy?
For example: A 100 watt light bulb uses 0.1 kilowatts each hour. It would take 10 hours for the light to consume 1 kWh of energy.
What is Watt on bulb?
Watts: The amount of energy a light bulb uses. The lower the light bulb wattage, the lower the electric bill. Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) and LEDs have a lower wattage than incandescent bulbs but emit the same light output.
How do I calculate wattage?
The formula for calculating wattage is: W (joules per second) = V (joules per coulomb) x A (coulombs per second) where W is watts, V is volts, and A is amperes of current. In practical terms, wattage is the power produced or used per second. For example, a 60-watt light bulb uses 60 joules per second.
Is 100W a lot of power?
A 100 watt panel that receives 8 hours of sunlight per day will produce almost 1 kilowatt-hours per day. If we multiply this by 365 days per year, we get a solar output of about 365 kilowatt-hours annually.
How much work does a 100 watt light bulb do?
A 100W bulb will consume 1 unit of electricity in 10 hrs.
How many watts does a 100 watt bulb use?
But there’s no problem using a 100-watt equivalent LED bulb, which is only about 17 watts and therefore well under the safety limit of a 60-watt maximum fixture.
Can I use 100W bulb instead of 60W?
For a 60-Watt fixture, you could use a 100W, 125W, or even 150W LED equivalent because they all consume under 60-Watts! … That means you could use a 150W LED equivalent bulb in a 60W socket and get more than three times the brightness of your old 60-Watt incandescent bulb.
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How many lumens is a 100 watt bulb?
The brightness, or lumen levels, of the lights in your home may vary widely, so here’s a rule of thumb: To replace a 100 watt (W) incandescent bulb, look for a bulb that gives you about 1600 lumens. If you want something dimmer, go for fewer lumens; if you prefer brighter light, look for more lumens.
Can you still get 100 watt bulbs?
100 watt bulbs are phased out currently (though still available), but only those. 100 watt bulbs are incredibly wasteful, I never used them due to the fact that they convert most of their energy to heat and I live in a warm area, so they not only wasted power in irradiated heat, but power from climate control.
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Tour Marc Maron’s Garage Before He and His Podcast Move
The end of an era: Marc Maron in the garage where he began the “WTF” podcast. CreditCreditElizabeth Weinberg for The New York Times LOS ANGELES — By the end of March, one of the most famous rooms in comedy will close its doors when Marc Maron leaves the garage where he taped interviews with the biggest stand-up and improv names, superstar actors and writers, even a president, for his essential podcast, “WTF.” Mr. Maron, 54, who has recorded nearly 900 episodes, will continue to produce the podcast in a new garage in a more spacious, two-floor Craftsman home 10 minutes away, but make no mistake, an era is ending. When he began broadcasting from this space in the Highland Park neighborhood here in 2009, Mr. Maron was a struggling stand-up comic experimenting with a niche form. His intimate conversations turned the garage into a confessional booth for comics, one where Todd Glass came out of the closet and Carlos Mencia and Dane Cook addressed accusations that they stole jokes. On the strength of his empathetic, probing interviews, he developed a loyal audience, helped popularize podcasts and played a critical role in the birth of the comedy boom. He also resuscitated his career. Now he’s a TV star (he just finished shooting the second season of the acclaimed Netflix comedy “GLOW”) and his stand-up shows fill theaters. The garage itself has become as much of a character on the podcast as any of the guests. Mr. Maron has mythologized it as a magical and unlikely space, a dive alcove on a hill where guarded celebrities feel free to open up. Images of the garage show up in press photos, but it is perhaps most vivid in the imaginations of his regular listeners. On a recent morning, Mr. Maron gave me a tour of this vanishing landmark, a nostalgic trip that took an aptly dramatic detour when his mother showed up. Even after he made enough money to upgrade his relatively modest home, he stayed in part because of anxiety about his ability to recreate the garage that changed his life. But as he got older, the mess accumulating around his desk bothered him. “It started to look like a sad roadside attraction,” he said. “Dust and cobwebs. People were going to be like: This is weird and gross.” Mr. Maron, standing near stacks of “Please Kill Me,” the classic oral history of punk rock he often gives to guests, sounded slightly embarrassed to admit that he wanted a little comfort. Or at least a bathroom, so guests wouldn’t have to use the one inside his home, a sticking point with girlfriends in the past. He says he’s excited to start from scratch, and I couldn’t help but notice the room he’s leaving doubled as a shrine to his past. Along with myriad fan-made portraits, he’s surrounded by photos of relatives and former loves and mementos from botched relationships (the Air Canada receipt accidentally sent to his first wife for a flight to see the woman who’d become his second). There are also awards (a medal from The Harvard Lampoon) and posters from comedy specials like his HBO half-hour (“I was sweaty and weird, and in retrospect it wasn’t great.”) He’s thinking about getting rid of some of this stuff in the move, he said, taking out the letter from Mr. Cook making nice after a contentious episode as well as the photo of his second wife. “I don’t think I’m going to put her up,” he said. “She got me sober, so once a year I call to say thank you. Last year, she said, ‘If I wanted to hear from you, I’ll let you know.’ Oh, I’m that guy. I don’t want to be that guy.” Mr. Maron pointed to a baby photo, this one of his mother, Toby Maron, in a leather chair holding him, gazing at her son with a raised eyebrow. He imagined what she was thinking: “How do I do this?” he said, adding, “She never figured it out.” As it happened, his mother, 76, was visiting from Florida and minutes later, she called and he told her to come on over. After arriving wearing a “GLOW” jacket, she sat in the guest’s chair. “It’s so uncomfortable, I really couldn’t believe it,” she said. “All these big people sat in that chair, it is beyond my comprehension.” Before he rebuilt his life in the garage, Mr. Maron considered ending it there. He began his podcast after his second marriage fell apart and his career was languishing. “I was miserably depressed and thought if this doesn’t work, I’ll kill myself in here,” he said, pointing to where he contemplated suicide, inches from where former President Barack Obama sipped tea. He has enough distance from that now to crack a joke: “But I always think about suicide, because I find it relaxing.” On the wall behind the guest’s chair sits a paper with a list of good and bad traits he inherited from his father, Barry Maron. The “Barry Curses” part includes “worry,” “unable to hide himself” and “suicide.” “He would leave the house with a gun in his hand and swear he would not come back,” Ms. Maron said about her ex-husband, who is still alive, then nodded to her son. “It’s much harder coming from him.” Mr. Maron said he would keep his secondhand bookshelf with the “L.A. County Mental Health” sticker that he never peeled off. The new place has more light and higher ceilings, but Mr. Maron emphasized that it wasn’t a studio. “It’s still difficult,” he said. “I’m still going to deal with people working on the yard outside.” Toward the end of the interview in his garage, Ms. Maron said she had her doubts about the move. “How does this help?” he responded sharply, sounding exasperated but also clearly enjoying the comic potential of this clash. And yet, if this was a bit, she was committed to it: “This is such a special place,” she said. Mr. Maron turned away from his mother and looked up in the air, this time sounding genuinely annoyed: “Jesus!” An earlier version of this article included an erroneous name among the celebrities Marc Maron interviewed in his garage. He interviewed Robin Williams at the actor's home in Marin Country, Calif., he did not interview him in his garage. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Friday, September 20, 2024
What Is Ice Water Extraction And Some DIY Tips
Not for the casual user, ice water extraction is when you really need some down, chill time.
Like wine, whiskey, tequila and a few other things, there are casual users and serious, serious users. A concentrate is for the experienced user who can manage a bit of a ride. So what is ice water extraction? It is a form of a concentrate which results is a product with 50% to 70% THC levels. This process will bring cannabinoids in to a closer pure form, devoid of plant matter.
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Ice water extraction is a special method of cannabis extraction known for producing pure and potent results. In comparison with other methods of extraction such as carbon dioxide extraction and butane extraction, it has less chance of contamination. Ice water extraction involves the removal of trichomes from cannabis buds and leaves using ice-cold water. It is important to not confuse trichomes with terpenes which are phytochemical molecules present in the matrix of the cannabis plant. This extraction of trichomes from the buds gives rise to a beautiful and unique extract that is satisfactory to users.
Ice water extraction requires freezing the plant matter before the extraction process itself. The goal of freezing the plant is to stop the plant matter from drying out which can lead to contamination of the extraction process. This is why the process produces pure results because care is taken to avoid contamination of the result. The frozen cannabis plant is then taken through the extraction process where the separation of the needed and unwanted materials takes place.
The frozen cannabis plant matter is agitated with cold water in a suitable container. This agitation helps to promote the separation of the trichomes from the plant matter. This method is better compared to other methods because it has a lesser chance of contamination from chemical residues or containers used in the extraction process.
As simple as the ice extraction process is, there is a very understandable scientific explanation behind it. Understanding this theory requires knowledge of the basics of cannabis plants and the extraction process. Trichomes are a special part of the cannabis plant which carry a huge concentration of cannabinoids like THC and CBD. These cannabinoids are the target of the extraction process which is why the goal of extraction is to separate the trichomes from the plant matter. Trichomes are the sticky and sparkly bits that are on cannabis buds when they are seen up close.
The basis for this extraction process, therefore, lies in the fact that trichomes are denser than water. This helps in making the separation possible because upon agitation, the trichomes sink. If trichomes were less dense than water, they will float which will defeat the goal of the separation process. When done right and done gently, the trichomes separate and sink leaving the cannabinoids which are the end product in the available extract.
Ice water is used instead of hot water for extraction due to some of the complications that hot water brings to the integrity of the plant matter. Hot water can lead to the activation of cannabinoids through heat which defeats the purpose of the extraction. Usage of hot water for the extraction can also lead to the dissolution of cannabinoids which is also counterproductive. Cannabis plant matter like most plants will steep in hot water to give tea leaves which will lead to the extraction of more components than required. This is why ice water and not hot water are used for this extraction process.
The Only Primer You Need: Butane Vs. CO2 Cannabis Extractions
Photo by rajjawa/Getty Images
The major advantage of the ice water extraction process is that it offers products of high purity and quality. This purity is further confirmed by the fact that the needed materials for the extraction are just water and weed only. Extraction of the products is done without the introduction of equipment and materials that might aid contamination of the products. Other methods of extraction such as butane extraction which gives butane hash oil produce less pure products.
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Extraction using ice water is easy, simple, and can be done comfortably at home. The needed materials are the plant matter for extraction, ice water, and preferred container for extraction. This can easily be a bubble bag that is commonly used and has given rise to the name bubble hash. Using a bubble bag for extraction, the integrity of the extraction process is assured, and the plant matter. It is important to not use an old container to shake the weed and ice water is a pure product is to be expected. Likewise, it is important that proper knowledge of the extraction process is available before embarking on the extraction process
The success of the ice water extraction process depends on the extraction process. It is important to put proper precautions in place to ensure that the product derived is of the required quality. The first precaution to take note of is to ensure that the plant matter is frozen before the extraction process. If the plant matter is not frozen, it has a likelihood of drying out which will result in contamination of the product. Freezing the plant matter is to ensure that it doesn’t break or fracture resulting in plant particles being extracted with the separated trichomes.
It is also important to do the agitation carefully to avoid breaking the plant matter during agitation. Another important precaution worthy of note is to ensure that the bag used for extraction is not squeezed during removal. The bag and plant matter should be carefully removed and dried naturally to ensure the product is as pure as possible.
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File talk:Map of Utah highlighting Utah County.svg
Why is this image showing as Utah County within Utah in Wikimedia Commons, but as Utah STATE within Utah in Wikipedia and when cited in articles? Tyler Laws (talk) 18:35, 29 September 2020 (UTC) | WIKI |
Talk:廢都
sense
Any quotations for this? It's not in any dictionary I have access to. Plus is it necessarily capital? RcAlex36 (talk) 08:49, 6 February 2022 (UTC)
* I found it in . Another from the top of Google News: Delta讓西安成廢都. And I agree with the assessment that "capital" might be too specific. —Fish bowl (talk) 09:19, 6 February 2022 (UTC) | WIKI |
0
I have a project which involves using C++ files along with an API on a local PC to communicate with a remote server app, and for sake of maintaining a semblance of non-disclosure with any hired developer(s), I'd like to 'mask' the context of the logic by renaming all variables to something less-obvious.
However, the local C++ app must of course use the functions/commands supplied by the API vendor to interact with the remote server, so I'd like to also create an 'intermediate API' to mask both the send commands, and return parameter names, with intent to completely remove access to the actual names used by the API.
Finally, once the code is delivered to me, I could reference another file in TXT, CSV, or other format and do a bulk 'find-&-replace' rename of the variables, and discard the intermediate API.
So, questions are:
1. How complex/feasible would this be?
2. How much time might such a thing take for an array of 20 command/return pairs (so 40 names in total)? Just a ballpark estimate (e.g. 15 hours).
3. If such a practice is already well-established and built out as a readily-available package/library, what name(s) do such items go by and where to download them?
I have read through this thread ( Why do programming languages allow shadowing/hiding of variables and functions? ), and understand that debugging would be made more cumbersome...I can act as secondary programmer for that aspect of the build.
• For what purpose? – Robert Harvey May 8 '16 at 0:25
• When you say "an API", are you talking about a C++ API, which deals in classes and functions, or a web API, which would probably deal in HTTP requests and such? If you're trying to obfuscate the latter, I fail to see what C++ or C++ files has to do with it. – Nicol Bolas May 8 '16 at 0:56
• Hello Robert - the intent of doing this is to partially protect my intellectual property. – CB001 May 8 '16 at 1:52
• Hello Nicol - it is a C++ API dealing in classes and functions; the program to be built ("app") would communicate with a C++ based program ("API") provided by the vendor, which then in turn communicates with the remote server. The prospective intermediary program would be situated between the app and API. – CB001 May 8 '16 at 1:54
• 2
The established practice for protecting intellectual property is by means of contracts (and non-disclosure agreements) that spell out exactly what a hired programmer can do with the code he makes/receives and which can be enforced in a court of law. – Bart van Ingen Schenau May 8 '16 at 5:42
1
If I understand your question correctly, you would like to obfuscate the protocol, but not necessarily masquerading the nature (purpose) of the software to be built by the hired C++ developer.
You can consider using protobuf and focus your mass-renaming efforts on just the message and field names. The hired C++ developer will use one set of names and the communication side (written by you) will use the actual set of names. Also, you can consider adding a number of unused fields or parameters as decoy, merely for confusion.
Note that if the hired developer can run Wireshark on the same computer, it is trivial to discover the communication with the remote server.
Finally, I would reiterate that masquerading the nature of the software is not going to work for a hired programmer. You as the stakeholder of the project will have a hard time communicating with the hired programmer on what the software is supposed to do. A lot of software requirements happen with the customer giving an outline about the purpose of the software, and the programmer has to research about the customer's situation, discover use-cases, review and confirm the use-cases with the customers, and go through various prototyping stages to verify that this is what the customer wants. Masquerading the purpose of the software will make all of that communication impossible. It is unlikely that you can find an adequate analogy that will describe the software's purpose unless your creativity is on par with a world-class sci-fi writer.
(This is an informal, personal view. I have no experience or qualifications in software project management. I reserve the right to delete this answer at any time, because this answer does not meet my own personal standards of rigor.)
0
You cannot practically hide anything from a determined programmer, but you can create an abstraction layer to hide the details of your implementation from a casual user, for various purposes. For additional details, search for Proxy and Adapter pattern articles.
Depending on the requirements of the original API it might not be possible to completely hide the implementation details, and it should also not be the main reason for doing anything, IMO.
For instance you can accomplish this abstraction by using an interface or pure virtual class in c++, where the actual implementation is only obtained through a factory method returning an implementation of said interface.
It's not completely clear what you want to achieve so this is the best answer I can give from the perspective of normal development practices.
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Band of Horses
Band of Horses is an American rock band formed in 2004 in Seattle, Washington. Led by singer-songwriter Ben Bridwell, who has been the band's sole constant member throughout numerous line-up changes, the band's current line-up also includes longtime members Creighton Barrett (drums) and Ryan Monroe (keyboards, guitar, backing vocals), alongside Matt Gentling (bass, backing vocals) and Brett Nash (guitar, backing vocals).
For ten years, the band's most stable line-up featured guitarist Tyler Ramsey and bassist Bill Reynolds, who recorded and performed with the band between 2007 and 2017, before acrimoniously departing.
To date, the band has released six studio albums: Everything All the Time (2006), Cease to Begin (2007), Infinite Arms (2010), Mirage Rock (2012), Why Are You OK (2016) and Things Are Great (2022), with Infinite Arms being nominated for a Grammy Award in 2011.
Formation and Everything All the Time (2004–2006)
Ben Bridwell (vocals, guitar) formed Band of Horses, who were originally briefly known as Horses in 2004 after the break-up of his previous band, Carissa's Wierd, along with bassist Chris Early and drummer Tim Meinig. They were soon joined by former Carissa's Wierd bandleader Mat Brooke (guitar, vocals). The band initially received attention from Sub Pop after opening for Iron & Wine during Seattle area shows. In 2005, the band released the Tour EP, which was sold at shows and on Sub Pop's website.
Their first full-length album, Everything All the Time, was recorded in 2005 with producer Phil Ek and released by Sub Pop on March 21, 2006. It features the band's original four-piece lineup, although both Tim Meinig and Sera Cahoone receive drumming credits. The album included new versions of five of the six songs from the Tour EP along with five brand new songs. It was a minor hit in Scandinavia, entering the lower reaches of the Sweden and Norway album charts. Ben Bridwell explained the sound of the album, "I thought before recording that I really wanted an ELO-sounding record, with strings and keyboards and synths, but then, as we got closer to it, we wanted to take a more raw approach."
Bridwell found that there was a personality clash between himself and Meinig and Early and the two left soon after the recording of the album. Ben explained his side of the story, "All of a sudden I was...with two guys I didn't really even know...they were nice guys, there just wasn't a personality match." For the subsequent tour, Joe Arnone (guitar and keyboards), Rob Hampton (bass and guitar) and Creighton Barrett (drums) were brought in to play with Bridwell and Brooke.
Everything All the Time's first single was "The Funeral", which has been used in numerous television series, films, video games, and advertisements. On July 13, 2006, the band performed the song on the Late Show with David Letterman without Brooke, who had left the band. Subsequently, he formed Grand Archives, who have since signed to Sub Pop and released two albums. Brooke explained how he joined Band of Horses, "So they ended up getting a show opening up for Iron and Wine in Seattle and Ben asked if I would just come up and do a couple songs, just 'cause we're friends. So...I did that. It was fun and then a couple of Iron and Wine tours came up...and then next thing I knew, we were in the studio making a record for Sub Pop." On why he left, he said, "I'd never really given the commitment to be a formal member. It was just a spur of the moment...and Everything All the Time took off really fast...I still didn't feel quite committed. It was still 100 percent Ben's project and I kinda wanted to see what else I could do."
Cease to Begin (2007–2009)
Before recording their second album, Bridwell decided to relocate the band from Seattle to his native South Carolina. He said, "We were touring so much that nowhere was really home, so I figured...if I'm gonna come home after these long stretches of traveling, it would nice to be around my family."
Band of Horses toured Europe and North America in 2007, prior to the release of their second album. Joe Arnone was no longer part of the band, which now toured as a six-piece band following the addition of Matt Gentling (Archers of Loaf – bass), Robin Peringer (Modest Mouse, Carissa's Wierd – guitar) and Ryan Monroe (keyboards) to the line up. The album, Cease to Begin, was recorded in Asheville, North Carolina and produced by Phil Ek. It was released by Sub Pop Records on October 9, 2007. The album features the core trio of Ben Bridwell, Creighton Barrett and Rob Hampton, with keyboards played by Ryan Monroe. Cease to Begin gave Band of Horses their first hit in the U.S. by reaching number 35 on the Billboard 200 and was also a hit in Norway, Denmark, France and Sweden. It was voted ninth best album of 2007 by Paste magazine and 47th best by Rolling Stone. The single "No One's Gonna Love You" gave Band of Horses their first European hit single, reaching number 22 in Denmark.
Following the release of Cease to Begin, Monroe became a permanent member of the band, along with new recruits Tyler Ramsey (guitar and vocals) and Bill Reynolds (bass). This once again made Band of Horses a six-piece band. In addition to his role in the band, Ramsey often performed solo as the opening act before the band play live.
In 2008, Band of Horses played at the Glastonbury Festival, T in the Park, the Bridge School Benefit concert, and the Roskilde Festival.
Infinite Arms (2010–2011)
In May 2009, producer Phil Ek stated that he was recording the third Band of Horses album in North Carolina. Ben Bridwell mentioned that the new album was titled Night Rainbows several times while introducing new songs during the band's summer 2009 tour, but in a March 2, 2010 interview, the band revealed that the album was to be called Infinite Arms. Prior to the recording of the album, Rob Hampton left the band. He was later replaced by Swedish guitarist Ludwig Böss, although Böss does not appear on the album and on March 19, 2010, it was revealed that he too had left. The album was recorded by the five-piece lineup of Bridwell, Ramsey, Reynolds, Barrett, and Monroe.
Infinite Arms was released worldwide between May 14 and 19, 2010 on the Columbia, Brown, and Fat Possum labels. Aside from the North Carolina sessions at Echo Mountain Studios, parts of the album were recorded in Los Angeles at Perfect Sound Studios. The album was self-produced by the band, with additional production from Phil Ek. On April 14, the band performed a full set for the WDR TV show "Rockpalast". On April 20, the band appeared on the BBC television series Later... with Jools Holland, promoting Infinite Arms by playing new songs "Compliments", "Factory", and "NW Apt". Following this appearance, the band's two earlier albums entered the UK Albums Chart for the first time. Infinite Arms entered the UK chart at number 21, giving Band of Horses their first top 100 UK chart hit and debuted at number 7 on the Billboard 200, far exceeding the performance of Cease to Begin. An outtake from the album, "Life on Earth" has been used on the soundtrack of the Twilight Saga film Eclipse, which was released on June 7, 2010.
Band of Horses toured Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand and Japan in 2010. They opened for Pearl Jam on their tour of the Midwest and East Coast and for Snow Patrol at their concerts in Bangor and Glasgow in June. They played the SXSW, Sasquatch, Splendour in the Grass, Summer Sonic, Pukkelpop, Highfields, Malmo, Rock en Seine, Reading, Leeds, ACL and Farm Aid festivals in 2010.
On October 7, 2010, Band of Horses released a cover of Cee Lo Green's "Georgia" via their official website. Ben Bridwell said, "This began as a very random idea I had on my dad's patio after we watched our beloved Georgia Bulldogs football team get robbed of a win at the hands of the referees and LSU last year. This song is so nostalgic to me as my parents grew up in Atlanta and have so many family members in the great state of Georgia. It's always been a second home of sorts. We've played some great shows there as well, including our run of annual New Year's Eve shows in Atlanta from 2007–2009." The cover version Bridwell referred to is Cee Lo's version of "No One's Gonna Love You". The two tracks were released together as a 7-inch vinyl split single.
Band of Horses released a video for their song "Dilly" on November 16, 2010. Previous videos for songs from Infinite Arms had been collections of still photographs by the band's longtime collaborator Christoper Wilson, merged to make movies. "Dilly" was shot in the Mojave Desert by director Phil Andelman and was exclusively premiered on the movie website IMDb. The video features the exploits of a trouble-making motorcycle gang, and includes surreal sequences of the gang dancing in formation, as well as them killing people by shooting them with nothing more than a pointed finger. The collaboration with IMDb represents the first occasion that the website has premiered a music video. "Dilly" was released as a single on February 14, 2011, and includes the band's cover version of Cee-Lo Green's "Georgia". The single was a minor hit on the Belgian (Flanders) singles chart. Infinite Arms was nominated for a Grammy Award in the Best Alternative Album category and featured in several end of year "Best Albums of 2010" lists, including Q Magazine (#21), NPR Listeners (#15), Filter Magazine (#10) and Paste Magazine (#14). The song "Laredo" was placed at number 28 in Rolling Stone Magazine's top 50 songs of 2010.
In 2011, Band of Horses returned to Europe for a tour in January and February, which included a show with Foo Fighters at Wembley Arena on February 25. They undertook a brief US tour in early April before returning to Europe for several festivals in June. The band were scheduled to support Kings Of Leon on their US tour from July to September 2011 and their eight Australian concerts in November 2011, but Kings of Leon cancelled their US tour after just 3 shows. In 2012 the band toured for the first time in South America.
Mirage Rock (2012–2013)
In April 2012, Ben Bridwell said that Band Of Horses' fourth studio album was scheduled for release in late 2012 and would be produced by Glyn Johns. In June the band shared a video preview, via Facebook and YouTube, of a new song, "Dumpster World", and announced a September release for the album. On July 10 the album's title was confirmed as Mirage Rock and the track listing and artwork were revealed. A debut single from the fourth album, "Knock Knock", was released on July 9, 2012 and the album was released on September 18. "Knock Knock" and the subsequent single from Mirage Rock, "Slow Cruel Hands of Time", were both minor hits in Belgium.
In late August 2012, a music video for "Knock Knock" was released on the internet. Directed by Jared Eberhardt, the video simulates old fashioned nature documentaries and features members of the band being captured, like animals, to be studied. Bridwell revealed that the footage was taken in the Salt Lake City area, "It seems fitting that we'd finally get to shoot a video around Salt Lake City, as we've got a song that pays tribute to the area called 'The Great Salt Lake' from our first album. Better late than never."
Acoustic at the Ryman (2014)
On February 24, 2014, Band of Horses released a ten track live album, Acoustic at the Ryman, featuring stripped-down versions of some of their best known songs. The album was recorded over two nights in April 2013 at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville. The band played a 13-date run of acoustic performances across the U.S., which commenced on February 11 at the Wilshire Ebell Theatre and concluded on March 5 at The Ryman itself.
Why Are You OK and the departure of Ramsey and Reynolds (2015–2020)
On July 17, 2015, Ben Bridwell and Sam Beam of Iron and Wine released a covers album titled Sing into My Mouth. The fifth Band of Horses studio album, Why Are You OK is produced by Jason Lytle of the band Grandaddy and was released on June 10, 2016, through Rick Rubin's American Recordings and Interscope Records.
On May 1, 2017, Tyler Ramsey announced his departure from Band of Horses on his personal Instagram account. A day later, Bill Reynolds made a similar announcement via his Facebook page. When touring resumed on May 18 in Tallahassee, Band of Horses was joined by Richard Fitzpatrick on guitar and saw the return of bassist Matt Gentling, who had previously toured with the band prior to the recording of Cease to Begin. Fitzpatrick was subsequently replaced by guitarist Ian MacDougall. In 2022, Bridwell disputed Ramsey's and Reynolds's claims that they quit Band of Horses, saying that they had instead both been fired from the group.
Things Are Great (2021–present)
On October 12, 2021, Band of Horses issued the single "Crutch" and announced the release of Things Are Great, their first album with Matt Gentling and Ian MacDougall, and sixth overall. Calling it "a return to their earlier work and the kind of raw ethos that lies at the heart of Band of Horses", Things Are Great was released on March 4, 2022. Prior to the album's release, MacDougall exited the band and in late January 2022 was replaced by Brett Nash as lead guitarist.
Members
Current members
* Ben Bridwell – lead vocals, guitar, pedal steel, keyboards (2004–present)
* Creighton Barrett – drums, percussion (2006–present)
* Ryan Monroe – keyboards, guitar, backing vocals (2007–present)
* Matt Gentling – bass, backing vocals (2007, 2017–present)
* Brett Nash – guitar, backing vocals (2022–present)
Former members
* Chris Early – bass (2004–2005)
* Tim Meinig – drums (2004–2005)
* Sera Cahoone – drums (2005)
* Mat Brooke – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2006)
* Joe Arnone – guitar, keyboards (2006–2007)
* Rob Hampton – bass (2006–2007), guitar (2007–2009)
* Robin Peringer – guitar (2007)
* Tyler Ramsey – guitar, backing vocals (2007–2017)
* Bill Reynolds – bass (2007–2017)
* Ludwig Böss – guitar (2009–2010)
* Richard Fitzpatrick – guitar (2017)
* Ian MacDougall – guitar, backing vocals (2017–2022)
Discography
* Studio albums
* Everything All the Time (2006)
* Cease to Begin (2007)
* Infinite Arms (2010)
* Mirage Rock (2012)
* Why Are You OK (2016)
* Things Are Great (2022) | WIKI |
Page:Precaution; a novel by Cooper, James Fenimore.djvu/87
Rh lenient to the faults of mankind, she entertained a profound respect for his judgment. It had great influence with her, if it were not always conclusive; she determined, therefore, to have an early conversation with him on the subject so near her heart, and be in a great measure regulated by his answers in the steps to be immediately taken. Every day gave her what she thought melancholy proof of the ill consequences of neglecting a duty, in the increasing intimacy of Colonel Egerton and Jane.
"Here, aunt," cried John, as he ran over a paper, "is a paragraph relating to your favorite youth, our trusty and well beloved cousin, the Earl of Pendennyss."
"Read it," said Mrs. Wilson, with an interest his name never failed to excite.
"We noticed to-day the equipage of the gallant Lord Pendennyss before the gates of Annandale House, and understand the noble earl is last from Bolton Castle, Northamptonshire."
"A very important fact," said Captain Jarvis, sarcastically; "Colonel Egerton and myself got as far as the village, to pay our respects to him, when we heard he had gone on to town."
"The earl's character, both as a man and a soldier," observed the colonel, "gives him a claim to our attentions that his rank would not: on that account we would have called."
"Brother," said Mrs. Wilson, "you would oblige me greatly by asking his lordship to waive ceremony; his visits to Bolton Castle will probably be frequent, now we have peace; and the owner is so much from home that we may never see him without some such invitation."
"Do you want him as a husband for Emily?" cried John, as he gayly seated himself by the side of his sister.
Mrs. Wilson smiled at an observation which reminded her of one of her romantic wishes; and as she raised her head to reply in the same tone, met the eye of Denbigh fixed on her with an expression that kept her silent. This is really an incomprehensible young man in some respects, | WIKI |
Monday, December 6, 2021
Real-time Kubernetes cluster monitoring example
The Sunburst GPU chart updates every second to show a real-time view of the share of GPU resources being consumed by namespaces operating on the Nautilus hyperconverged Kubernetes cluster. The Nautilus cluster tightly couples distributes storage, GPU, and CPU resources to share among the participating research organizations.
The Sunburst Process chart provides an up to the second view of the cluster-wide share of CPU resources used by each namespace.
The Sunburst DNS chart shows a real-time view of network activity generated by each namespace. The chart is produced by looking up DNS names for network addresses observed in packet flows using the Kubernetes DNS service. The domain names contain information about the namespace, service, and node generating the packets. Most traffic is exchanges between nodes within the cluster (identified as local). The external (not local) traffic is also shown by DNS name.
The Sunburst Protocols chart shows the different network protocols being used to communicate between nodes in the cluster. The chart shows the IP over IP tunnel traffic used for network virtualization.
Clicking on a segment in the Sunburst Protocols chart allows the selected traffic to be examined in detail using the Flow Browser. In this example, DNS names are again used to translate raw packet flow data into inter-namespace flows. See Defining Flows for information on the flow analytics capabilities that can be explored using the browse-flows application.
The Discard Browser provides a detailed view of any network packets dropped in the cluster. In this chart inter-namespace dropped packets are displayed, identifying the haproxy service as the largest source of dropped packets.
The final chart shows an up to the second view of the average power consumed by a GPU in the cluster (approximately 250 Watts per GPU).
The diagram shows the elements of the monitoring solution. Host sFlow agents deployed on each Node in the Kubernetes Cluster stream standard sFlow telemetry to an instance of the sFlow-RT real-time analytics software that provides cluster wide metrics through a REST API, where they can be viewed, or imported into time series databases like Prometheus and trended in dashboards using tools like Grafana.
Note: sFlow is widely supported by network switches and routers. Enable sFlow monitoring in the physical network infrastructure for end-to-end visibility.
Create the following sflow-rt.yml file to deploy the pre-built sflow/prometheus Docker image, bundling sFlow-RT with the applications used in this article:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: sflow-rt-sflow
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
name: sflow-rt
ports:
- protocol: UDP
port: 6343
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: sflow-rt-rest
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
selector:
name: sflow-rt
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 8008
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: sflow-rt
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
name: sflow-rt
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: sflow-rt
spec:
containers:
- name: sflow-rt
image: sflow/prometheus:latest
ports:
- name: http
protocol: TCP
containerPort: 8008
- name: sflow
protocol: UDP
containerPort: 6343
Run the following command to deploy the service:
kubectl apply -f sflow-rt.yml
Now create the following host-sflow.yml file to deploy the pre-built sflow/host-sflow Docker image:
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: host-sflow
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
name: host-sflow
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: host-sflow
spec:
restartPolicy: Always
hostNetwork: true
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirstWithHostNet
containers:
- name: host-sflow
image: sflow/host-sflow:latest
env:
- name: COLLECTOR
value: "sflow-rt-sflow"
- name: SAMPLING
value: "10"
- name: NET
value: "host"
- name: DROPMON
value: "enable"
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/run/docker.sock
name: docker-sock
readOnly: true
volumes:
- name: docker-sock
hostPath:
path: /var/run/docker.sock
Run the following command to deploy the agents:
kubectl apply -f host-sflow.yml
Telemetry should immediately start streaming as a Host sFlow agent is started on each node in the cluster.
Note: Exporting GPU performance metrics from the NVIDIA GPUs in the Nautilus cluster requires a special version of the Host sFlow agent built using the NVIDIA supplied Docker image that includes GPU drivers, see https://gitlab.nrp-nautilus.io/prp/sflow/
Access the sFlow-RT web user interface to confirm that telemetry is being received.
The sFlow-RT Status page confirms that telemetry is being received from all 180 nodes in the cluster.
Note: If you don't currently have access to a production Kubernetes cluster, you can experiment with this solution using Docker Desktop, see Kubernetes testbed.
The charts shown in this article are accessed via the sFlow-RT Apps tab.
The sFlow-RT applications are designed to explore the available metrics, but don't provide persistent storage. Prometheus export functionality allows metrics to be recorded in a time series database to drive operational dashboards, see Flow metrics with Prometheus and Grafana.
2 comments:
1. Hello Peter , Thank you so much for everything , I learned a Lot from your blogs. here I have small problem that i cant find (nvml_power) in my browse metric, is it new item I should update my sflow-rt ? or I should to add some configuration ?
ReplyDelete
Replies
1. You need a custom build of the Host sFlow agent. See the note in the article for a link to the Dockerfile used to build Host sFlow with the NVIDIA drivers.
Delete | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
IntelliJ IDEA 2016.2 Help
Extract Property
In Maven projects, while editing pom.xml, one needs to define a property and replace the occurrences of some value - artifact version, for example, - with this property.
For these purposes, IntelliJ IDEA provides the Extract Property refactoring.
Extract Property refactoring creates a new property definition in the specified pom.xml file, finds all the occurrences of the selected string in the hierarchy of pom.xml files, and replaces them with the above property in the format: ${<property_name>}
The Extract Property refactoring lets you move expressions and local declarations to properties.
Examples
BeforeAfter
In this example, artifact version is replaced with a property, which is declared in the same pom.xml file:
<artifactId>submodule<artifactId>
<artifactId>${submodule}</artifactId> <properties> <submodule>submodule</submodule> </properties>
In this example, artifact version in a pom.xml file is replaced with a property, which is declared in its parent pom.xml file:
<parent> <artifactId>HelloWorld</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </parent> <artifactId>submodule<artifactId>
Parent:
<artifactId>HelloWorld</artifactId> ... <modules> <module>${submodule}</module> </modules> ... <properties> <submodule>submodule</submodule> </properties>
Child:
<parent> <artifactId>HelloWorld</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </parent> <artifactId>${submodule}</artifactId>
To extract a property in a pom.XML file
1. Open the desired pom.xml file for editing, and place the caret somewhere inside the value you want to replace.
2. Press Ctrl+Alt+V, or choose Refactor | Extract | Property on the context menu, or on the main menu. Note that selection will be automatically expanded up to the enclosing tags.
3. In the Extract Property dialog box, do the following:
• In the Name field, specify the name you want to assign to the new property. IntelliJ IDEA suggests a number of suitable names. You can select one from the drop-down list, or type the desired name manually.
• In the Project drop-down list, select the project where the new property will be declared.
Click OK.
4. The subsequent workflow depends on the specific pom.xml file the refactoring has been invoked from.
• The occurrence, for which the refactoring has been invoked, will be replaced silently. If the string occurs several times, the replace usage dialog will be displayed for these occurrences. You have to specify whether you want to replace each occurrence.
• If the pom.xml is a parent file and the new property will be declared in it, IntelliJ IDEA replaces the values in the parent file silently, and displays the other occurrences in the Find tool window. You have to specify whether you want to replace each occurrence.
• If the pom.xml is inherited from a parent file, IntelliJ IDEA replaces the occurrence in the child file silently. This change is not propagated to the parent pom.xml.
In each case, IntelliJ IDEA adds new property declaration to the specified pom.xml file.
See Also
Language and Framework-Specific Guidelines:
Last modified: 5 September 2016 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:NtoNtom
=Biography= Nathan was born in Mansfield, Ohio on December 8, 1993 to Timothy and Sally Tomcik. He lived in the town of Mansfield for six years, during which he attended kindergarten at Mansfield Christian School, until he moved to Bear Lake. After moving to Bear Lake he was home-schooled until 6th grade. Upon the start of 7th grade he started going to Central Noble Middle School. He is currently enrolled in Central Noble High School.
=Wikipedia Editing= Mostly reads Wiki articles but has contributed to several articles in the Project Wiki: Indiana, such as Bear Lake, Indiana; Noble Township, Indiana;and Noble County, Indiana. | WIKI |
Talk:adelphia
RFD discussion: November 2018–October 2019
Does not make sense as a Translingual noun; it is merely an etymological element in the names of some obsolete taxa. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 22:44, 23 November 2018 (UTC)
* Interesting that an English dictionary found it useful to include. DCDuring (talk) 02:57, 26 November 2018 (UTC)
* Keep (if it exist). --QueeroDeera (talk) 14:15, 31 March 2019 (UTC)
* Closed (deleted at RFV). —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 03:34, 20 October 2019 (UTC)
RFV discussion: May–October 2019
Not an independent noun, but an etymological element in the names of certain obsolete taxa. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:36, 7 May 2019 (UTC)
* RFV failed. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 03:34, 20 October 2019 (UTC) | WIKI |
ČSD Class S 499.0
The ČSD Class S 499.0 and S 499.1 are essentially ČSD Class S 489.0 locomotives with revised gearing for higher speeds and added electrodynamic braking system. They operate from the 25 kV 50 Hz overhead line electrification system in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Their design can be traced back to the S699.0 locomotives produced by Škoda in 1962. S 499.0 had a maximum speed of 120 km/h, with S 499.1 140 km/h.
ČD's cargo division (ČDC) operate the locomotives in the Czech Republic. In Slovakia the fleet is shared almost equally between ZSSK's passenger division and ZSCS, their cargo operations.
Numbering
Locomotives 240 001-8 to 240 120-6 are the original build S 499.0. 240 121-4 to 240 145-3 were converted from S 499.1 by CSD at ŽOS Vrútky, who down-graded the maximum speed to 120 km/h. Locomotive 240.260-0 was converted from 230 060-6 in 2002 by fitment of class 240 bogies. It has a few other detail differences to a standard class 240 locomotive (weight is (1 t more for example).
During 2004 locomotives 240 049-7, 240 055-4 & 240 062-0 were converted to class 340 by fitment of 15 kV 16.7 Hz electrical equipment and ÖBB signalling/safety equipment. | WIKI |
IFO - DVD Info File
What is a IFO file
Files with the IFO extension are commonly known as those files that store information on a DVD. These files add information such as startup-scenes, chapters, and time to a movie stored on a DVD. It works together with VOB and VRO files which store the actual audio and video data for the movie.
The IFO files are those files which store DVD information. These files are referred to as DVD Info Files because they contain information such as scene and timing. Files with the IFO extension let the computer, DVD player, or other device know which screen to show at start-up, where each chapter of the movie starts, where the audio tracks are located and where subtitles can be found. In conjunction with those files that store the actual audio and video data (VOb and VRO) the IFO is responsible to run the DVD.
Here's a small, but not exhaustive list of programs that can open IFO documents:
• WinDVD
• CyberLink PowerDVD 10
• Roxio Creator 2010
• Nero ShowTime
About
Extension IFO
MIME type content/DVD
Useful links | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
治
Glyph origin
— name of a river.
Etymology 1
relates it to.
Definitions
* 1) to govern; to regulate; to administer
* 2) to treat; to cure (disease)
* 3) to exterminate; to kill
* 4) to punish; to discipline; to teach someone a lesson
* 5) to research; to specialise in (a topic)
* 6) socially stable
* 7) seat of a local government
* 8) political affairs
* 1) political affairs
Synonyms
Kanji
* 1) govern, regulate, administer, reign
* 2) cure
Hanja
* 1) to govern; to manage | WIKI |
Francis Smith (judge)
Francis Smith (30 June 1847 – 25 November 1912) was a Sierra Leonean Puisne Judge in the Gold Coast. He was the second Sierra Leonean to qualify as a barrister after he passed the bar at Middle Temple on 26 January 1871.
Early life and background
Francis Smith was born in 1847 to William Smith Jr., registrar of the Mixed Commissary Court in Freetown, Sierra Leone, and his wife, Charlotte Smith (née Macaulay). William Smith was born in Cape Coast in the Gold Coast and was the son of a Fante princess and Judge William Smith Sr (1795–1875), who served as head of the Mixed Commissary Church in Freetown. Charlotte Macaulay was born to Mary Harding, a Jamaican Maroon mother, and Kenneth Macaulay, a distant relation of Lord Macaulay and second cousin to Zachary Macaulay.
Education
Smith was educated at Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Wakefield in Yorkshire. After completing his secondary education, he entered Middle Temple on 10 January 1868 and was called to the bar in 1871.
Judicial career
Smith rose rapidly through the judicial ranks and was appointed Chief Magistrate of The Gambia in 1879. He was appointed a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of the Gold Coast Colony in 1887, and later considered for appointment as Chief Justice.
Family and descendants
Smith was the younger brother of Dr. Robert Smith (1840–1885), who served as Assistant Colonial Surgeon in Sierra Leone. Smith was the maternal grandfather of Frances Wright through her mother, Eva Wright (née Smith), and his great-grandson and namesake is Emile Francis Short, the first justice on the Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice.
Retirement and death
At the time of his retirement in 1907, Smith was the only African serving on a superior court, and another would not be named until the 1930s. He retired to England and died in London on 12 May 1912. His achievements were recognized in glowing tributes across West Africa. | WIKI |
Carnival Luminosa
Carnival Luminosa (formerly Costa Luminosa) is a cruise ship operated by Carnival Cruise Line. Originally built as the Costa Luminosa, the ship entered service on 5 May 2009. Her design is a hybrid, using elements of Spirit-class cruise ship and Vista-class cruise ship. A sister ship, Costa Deliziosa, was launched in February 2010 and is based on the same design. Costa Luminosa departed Civitavecchia, Italy on 3 June 2009, on her 13-night maiden voyage, with ports of call in Savona, Saint-Tropez, Barcelona, Lisbon, Le Havre and Amsterdam.
On 14 June 2022, it was announced that Costa Luminosa would be transferred to the fleet of Carnival Cruise Line, receiving the name Carnival Luminosa. She began sailing for Carnival in fall 2022.
Design and description
Costa Luminosa is the thirteenth ship of Costa Cruises, part of their five-ship expansion program, which includes Costa Pacifica, Costa Deliziosa, Costa Favolosa and Costa Fascinosa. Costa Luminosa and her sister ship, Costa Deliziosa have a gross tonnage of 92,700 each and are 292 m long. Costa Luminosa and Costa Deliziosa pioneered in the introduction of a new vessel design, which is a hybrid; using design elements of the Spirit-class cruise ship and Vista-class cruise ship cruise ships.
The ship has 1,130 cabins, four dining areas, a theatre, a cinema and other passenger facilities.
Costa Luminosa
Costa Luminosa and her sister ship, Costa Deliziosa were ordered from the Fincantieri Marghera shipyard on 12 June 2006. The keel of Costa Luminosa was laid on 10 October 2007 in the Fincantieri Marghera shipyard at Venice. She floated out of drydock on 30 June 2008 and completed her sea trials on 30 March 2009. After 18 months, the ship was handed over to Costa Cruises on 1 May 2009.
The christenings of Costa Luminosa, and the Concordia-class cruise ship Costa Pacifica were held in Genoa on 5 June 2009. It was the first time that two cruise ships were simultaneously christened in Italy. The dual christening ceremony set a then Guinness World record in the category, "Most ships inaugurated in one day by one company". The two ships also launched simultaneously in their shipyard on 5 June 2008; Costa Luminosa in Marghera and Costa Pacifica in Sestri Ponente.
Costa Luminosa made her first on 5 May 2009, a 10-day cruise in the Eastern Mediterranean, departing Venice, with ports of call at Istanbul, Bari, Olympia, Rhodes, Smyrna, Mykonos and Athens. It was followed by mini cruises in Eastern Mediterranean, again departing Venice on 15 May 2009. Her second was on 19 May 2009. In the summer of 2009, the ship offered 11 and 14-day cruises at the Baltic capitals, Norwegian fjords and the North Cape.
During the 2009–2010 winter season, the ship operated in Dubai, offering seven-day cruises in the Persian Gulf with calls at Dubai, Muscat, Fujairah, Abu Dhabi, and Bahrain. After the political problems in Bahrain, the company changed the itinerary removing Bahrain.
Despite claims of sustainable practices by both Costa Cruises and its parent company Carnival, Sveriges Television reported in 2015 that Costa Luminosa dumped the toilet waste of its 3,200 passengers and crew in the sea, instead of taking use of harbour facilities, often provided free of charge by Baltic ports. The report calculated that more than 5000000 litre of waste was dumped during a single cruise in the Baltic Sea. The report did not suggest that the marine pollution regulations MARPOL 73/78 were breached.
From 2017 every summer she sails on seven-night cruises to the Greek Islands. During the winter period Costa Luminosa goes on seven-night cruises in the Caribbean.
She spent her final season for Costa sailing seven-night cruises to the Greek Islands.
Transfer to Carnival Cruise Line
On 14 June 2022 it was announced that Costa Luminosa would be transferred to the fleet of Carnival Cruise Line in September 2022, receiving the name Carnival Luminosa. On 8 September 2022 Costa Luminosa was officially handed over to Carnival Cruise Line. After a refit, the ship sailed to Brisbane, Australia to begin voyages that started on 6 November.
Coronavirus pandemic
On 29 February 2020, a 68-year-old Italian man in critical condition was transferred from Costa Luminosa to a hospital in the Cayman Islands due to heart issues. On 12 March 2020, the Health Services Authority of the Cayman Islands announced that the man was their first confirmed coronavirus case. His death was announced two days later.
On 5 March 2020 the vessel left Fort Lauderdale for a transatlantic cruise. Two people disembarked with symptoms of the coronavirus in Puerto Rico. Subsequently, on 13 March 2020, it was confirmed to be due to COVID-19 – the first known cases in Puerto Rico. One of the two persons died several days later. Because of the virus outbreak several sick passengers were left at Tenerife and passengers were placed under quarantine in their rooms. The ship was not allowed to dock in Spain. It docked at Marseille, France, discharging sick passengers who flew home distributing the virus, and went to Savona where the rest of the passengers were disembarked on 23 March, many of them sick. After the disembarkation at Marseille, French authorities confirmed 36 people with COVID-19 infection. On 21 March local news in Puerto Rico reported the death of the quarantined Italian woman. On 7 April, a Miami lawyer filed a lawsuit against Costa Cruises over mishandling and allowing passengers to sail aboard Costa Luminosa despite having flu-like symptoms. | WIKI |
pyrognostics
Noun
* 1) The characteristics of a substance, especially of a mineral or metal salt, that are revealed by heat, especially by the use of a blowpipe and a charcoal block. | WIKI |
0
Is GWT3/J2CL === JSweet ?
Tr@X-> 1 year ago • updated by Dr. Lofi Dewanto 1 year ago 4
JSweet - http://www.jsweet.org/faq/ - is Java to Typescript/Javascript transpiler similar in concepts to GWT3/J2CL. Some may say it's already an implementation of GWT3 / J2CL.
Would be interested you have your opinion on JSweet versus GWT3/J2CL?
How will you sell GWT3 to JSweet users?
Regards
T@nguy
Thanks for the link, its been a while since I looked at it! I don't think I'll have time before the conference to examine it closely, so perhaps someone who has done so can point out where I am wrong below:
Personally, I don't want to look at GWT.next etc as a "JSweet killer" - I think that a reasonable person could say that even the existence of GWT3 shouldn't convince people to stop using GWT2. I also happen to like TeaVM for some use cases, and plan on continuing to see how they do things, and what GWT (version 2 or 3) can borrow. Competition improves us all in this space.
At a glance, it seems confusing that JSweet walks Java through TS on its way to JS - if memory serves, the TS compiler is _not_ capable of anything close to the optimizations that Closure (used with J2CL) can do, and something like https://github.com/angular/tsickle must be used to actually optimize TS code.
It is handy that JSweet, like J2CL, just borrows GWT2's Java emulation, and tends to suggest that a lot of GWT code will simply be JSweet compatible. I am bothered though by something like hashCode behaving badly, which will cut off your access to a great many classes that GWT properly supports. Lack of support for doubles is also very surprising, given that Java's double and JS's Number are very nearly the same type:
> Package java.lang: by default, most core Java functions are supported, however, some variations/limitations may appear on numbers, especially when dealing with floating point precisions (Java doubles and floats cannot be mapped to JavaScript numbers).
The annotations within jsweet.lang (http://public.jsweet.org/apidocs/org/jsweet/jsweet-core/5-20170726/jsweet/lang/package-summary.html) surprise me slightly, and seem to suggest that this tool is first and foremost a way to write TS in Java, not a way to transpile Java to TS. The distinction is that GWT doesn't make you think about Java, but from these annotations and other issues above, you are not writing Java in JSweet, you are writing TS with Java syntax.
I do like that of the two demos, one is specifically for running your app on the server, though I'm still struggling to think of a use case where one might write Java, compile to JS/TS, and run it where we already have a JVM. I'm sure such cases exist though.
Much like TeaVM, the JSweet community still seems very small (perhaps your question could be better phrased "How will you sell JSweet to GWT3 users"), but I am excited to see where it goes. Since it handles Java source, as GWT generators are ported to APT, all of these transpilers will work with the output, and we'll be able to watch as each grows. I think for this to happen, there must exist tools to translate JsInterop code (which so far seems much more descriptive than the matching jsweet syntax), but perhaps that is something we can work on. If JSweet can support existing Java emulation in GWT (including double and hashCode), can translate JsInterop, they might even be able to entirely automate porting GWT projects to their platform - though at that point, teams would take a much closer look at the speed of transpilation for "dev mode", and the final sizes and performance of generated output.
As an hardcore GWT user, the "sell" question was indeed something to stir up some discussion ;-)
Should organize a meetup with some JSweet devs...Having friends that think differently is good for your mind.
Can't wait to discover what GWT has under the hood.
Have a nice GWTcon!
T@nguy
Sad to hear you won't be at the conf - and keep the different viewpoints flowing. If you know someone who in JSweet who is willing to tell me where I'm wrong, etc, I'd love to hear it. Likewise, we should see if the other jvm->browser platforms can join the next conf. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
постав
Noun
* 1) a pair of millstones or rollers used for grinding grain, one of which is stationary and the other rotates
* 2) manner of keeping the body in a given position, setting
* 3) a mill (or loom?) for weaving handicrafts
* 4) cloth generated on a loom
* 5) a piece or roll of canvas
* 6) method of fishing
* 7) delivery
* 8) stand (for holding objects up)
* 9) storage container for spirits | WIKI |
Geometric Analysis and Topology Seminar
On the Connection Between the Spectral Gap of Convex Bodies and the Variance Conjecture
Speaker: Ronan Eldan, Microsoft Research
Location: Warren Weaver Hall 101
Date: Friday, November 22, 2013, 12:30 p.m.
Synopsis:
We consider the uniform measure over a high-dimensional isotropic convex body. We prove that, up to logarithmic factors, the isoperimetric minimizers are ellipsoids. Equivalently, we show that up to a logarithmic factor, the "worst-behaving" functions in the corresponding poincare inequality are quadratic functions. We thus establish a connection between two well-known conjectures regarding the uniform measure over a high dimensional convex body, namely the Thin-Shell conjecture and the conjecture by Kannan-Lovasz-Simonovits (KLS), showing that a positive answer to the former will imply a positive answer to the latter (up to a logarithmic factor). Our proof relies on the analysis of the eigenvalues of a certain random-matrix-valued stochastic process related to a convex body. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Generics for suspend: Reuse suspend code in normal code and vice versa
#1
Consider the following sync and async interfaces:
interface Out {
fun write(data: Byte)
}
interface AsyncOut {
suspend fun write(data: Byte)
}
Both interface have the same semantics, only the functions in AsyncOut are suspend functions. Is there a generic way to have a class or a function that works with both interfaces? e.g.
fun writeAll(out: Out|AsyncOut)
with out either the Out or the AsyncOut interface. In the later case the writeAll function would have to becomes a suspend function. The writeAll method would be exactly the same otherwise.
Is there a way to reuse the code in writeAll to work with suspend and non-suspend interfaces?
#2
At a glance i’d concentrate not on interfaces but on the Coroutine since it accepts both suspend and non-suspend code blocks. In particular function writeAll might look like this:
fun writeAll(code: suspend (Data) -> Unit): CompletableFuture<Boolean> {
val future = CompletableFuture<Boolean>()
code.startCoroutine(object : Continuation<Boolean> {
override fun resume(value: Boolean) { future.complete(true) }
...
})
return future
}
And can be used like this:
fun testSync(writer: Out) {
writeAll{data -> writer.write(data)}
}
fun testAsync(writer: AsyncOut) {
writeAll{data -> writer.write(data)}
}
Not the most efficient implementation of the idea, but clear enough to catch it.
#3
In general, once you entered the asynchronous world there is no way back to the synchronous world. For example, there are no threads in js and thus there is no join() or get() equivalent in js. So this is really about reusing existing code. At the moment I simply copied my code and just changed the interface and added suspend key words. This works fairly well but you get a lot of code duplication.
A possible API could look like that:
interface<T: suspend> Out {
T fun write(data: Byte)
}
typealias SyncOut = Out
typealias AsyncOut = Out<suspend>
T fun <T: suspend>writeAll(out: Out<T>)
#4
AFAIK Java and Kotlin support structural generalization, i.e. "what"s. However you’re talking about behavioral generalization, i.e. "how"s, that doesn’t seem possible in these languages. I believe reconsidering your approach would be the good idea.
#5
There is currently no way to transparently reuse code if the way you want it. We did consider supporting that in the language, but an experience of working with actual code had shown that the code that is working with suspending functions and APIs is usually structured differently for various reasons than the corresponding code that is working with regular / blocking APIs. For example, when you write your blocking code it is normal to write data byte-by-byte as you’ve presented in the example of Out interface, however the asynchronous code is usually structured on a higher-level, working with larger domain-oriented message and, for performance reasons, its lower-level are structured different on top of the corresponding asynchronous IO APIs. So, while we are working on the ByteSendChannel interface as a part of kotlinx-coroutines-io module and it seems kind of a “suspending version” of OutputStream, you will notice that it has a number of differences in its design. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
CRISPR Interference Efficiently Induces Specific and Reversible Gene Silencing in Human iPSCs
Authors:
Mohammad A. Mandegar, Nathaniel Huebsch, Ekaterina B. Frolov, Edward Shin, Annie Truong, Michael P. Olvera, Amanda H. Chan, Yuichiro Miyaoka, Kristin Holmes, C. Ian Spencer, Luke M. Judge, David E. Gordon, Tilde V. Eskildsen, Jacqueline E. Villalta, Max A. Horlbeck, Luke A. Gilbert, Nevan J. Krogan, Søren P. Sheikh, Jonathan S. Weissman, Lei S. Qi, Po-Lin So, and Bruce R. Conklin
In:
Source: Cell Stem Cell
Publication Date: (2016)
Issue: 18 (4): 541-53
Research Area:
Stem Cells
Gene Expression
Basic Research
Cells used in publication:
IOSE80
Species: human
Tissue Origin: ovarian
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPS), human
Species: human
Tissue Origin:
Platform:
Nucleofector™ I/II/2b
Experiment
A very precise and tunable system fot silencing specific alleles in iPSCs is described. the system relies on a doxycycline-inducible deactivated Cas9 which is fused to a KRAB repression domain. For plasmid transfections, the human stem cell nucleofector kit 1 solution was used on the Amaxa nucleofector 2b device (program A-23; Lonza). To generate the CRISPRi and CRISPRn iPSC lines, two million WTC or WTB iPSCs were nucleofected with the appropriate knockin vector (5 mg) and each AAVS1TALEN pair (2 mg). CEM CRISPRi cells were generated by electroporation of 0.5 mg of each AAVS1 TALEN pair and 1 mg of the Gen1 CRISPRi vector with an Amaxa nucleofector 2b device and Amaxa cell line nucleofector kit C (Lonza). Cells were selected in 1 mg/ml G418, and clonal lines were generated by dilution in 96-well plates.
Abstract
Developing technologies for efficient and scalable disruption of gene expression will provide powerful tools for studying gene function, developmental pathways, and disease mechanisms. Here, we develop clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) to repress gene expression in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).CRISPRi, in which a doxycycline-inducible deactivated Cas9 is fused to a KRAB repression domain, can specifically and reversibly inhibit gene expression in iPSCs and iPSC-derived cardiac progenitors, cardiomyocytes, and T lymphocytes. This gene repression system is tunable and has the potential to silence single alleles. Compared with CRISPR nuclease (CRISPRn), CRISPRi gene repression is more efficient and homogenous across cell populations. The CRISPRi system in iPSCs provides a powerful platform to perform genome-scale screens in a wide range of iPSC-derived cell types, dissect developmental pathways, and model disease. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Niggerball
The result of the debate was KEEP, but with some other name that is not clear from the debate. -Splash talk 00:42, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
Niggerball
* Google only returns 81 unique results for this alleged candy, many of which are people referring to basketball. Is this apparent nickname of a candy deserving of an entire article? At any rate it needs a "niggerball" expert. Labia Ears 13:07, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
* weak keep. I have heard of this confectionary and of another from Sweden with the same name, only this was more of a cookie/cake. The Swedes I knew while studying in England would always stop themselves just short of saying the name to Anglophonic students and call them chocolate balls instead. But yes, this article could use some expansion and verification. young american (talk) 13:46, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
* Comment. Also should be renamed niggerballs if kept. young american (talk) 18:05, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
* Keep, given the precedent of the other 199 confectionery stubs. Oh, these candies exist all right, but more commonly in the plural: niggerballs returns 1400 results on Google. It's apparently also a name for a Swedish chocolate pastry, but in South African culture is universally known from the popular song Ballad of the Southern Suburbs, by Jeremy Taylor (the Oxford Dictionary of South African English says that when the lyrics were reprinted for publication in the UK, the word acid-drops was substituted). Humansdorpie 14:07, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Africa-related deletions. -- Humansdorpie 14:07, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
* Keep --Ter e nce Ong 14:16, 28 February 2006 (UTC)
* Comment: The official name that the candy is marketed under (which doesn't seem to be mentioned) should be the article title. Colloquial names can be given in the article as trivia. Peter Grey 04:07, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
* They appear to be also known as "Bull's-eyes," this search actually returns some product results. Perhaps the article could be moved to this much less offensive term? Labia Ears 05:58, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
* I happened across this article before and it didn't occur to be that anything should be done to it. I thought that the offensive name of the past would have been all that made this thing notable, but perhaps not. Either keep as is or rename as Bull's Eye, a redirect to something totally different right now. Grandmasterka 07:26, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
* The consensus seems to be to keep the article about this candy, perhaps I should simply move its contents to Bull's Eye and redirect Niggerball and Niggerballs there? And possibly make a disambiguation for the star and the candy? Labia Ears 08:28, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
* I don't think that would be terribly helpful - bull's eyes are usually striped peppermint flavoured hard candy: niggerballs are much bigger, licorice or aniseed flavoured sweets. With the greatest respect, I don't agree that a foodstuff's offensive commercial name is enough of a reason to rename an article, particularly when - as in this case - renaming obscures the history, meaning and cultural significance of the subject. The examples of Coon cheese and Kaffir lime provide precedents. And surely nobody is suggesting that Cracker Jack should redirect to popcorn...? Humansdorpie 11:11, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
* Nice clean up of the page. The subject matter is far less ambiguous now! I'm satisfied. Labia Ears 20:18, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
| WIKI |
13.3 Using SSH
You can migrate the services (Step 1 to Step 5) using either the Migration GUI or using CLI. From Step 6, you must proceed only with CLI because after IP change you cannot SSH to the target server.
To perform Transfer ID by using the SSH console, perform the following steps:
1. Connect to target server using SSH.
2. On the command prompt enter, miggui to launch the application.
3. Authenticate both source and target servers.
4. Select the migration type as Transfer ID.
You can either migrate all the services to an OES server, then transfer the NetWare or OES server’s identity, or only transfer NetWare or OES server’s identity to an OES server.
5. Save the project and close the Migration Tool GUI.
6. Run the scripts mentioned in Step 1 (eDirectory Precheck) to Step 5 (DIB Restore) provided in the Section 12.0, Using Migration Commands for Transfer ID.
7. On the SSH terminal console, run the script mentioned in Step 6 (IP Change) provided in the Section 12.0, Using Migration Commands for Transfer ID.
After running these scripts the remote machine hangs.
8. Reconnect to the target server with the new IP address provided in Step 7.
9. On the SSH terminal console, run the scripts mentioned in Step 7 (Host Name change) to Step 8 (Reinitialize Server) provided in the Section 12.0, Using Migration Commands for Transfer ID.
10. To complete Transfer ID, run the scripts mentioned in Step 9 (Repair) to Step 10 (Restart Server). | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Global Crohn’s Disease (CD) Treatment Market to reach US$ 17.80 billion by 2033; growing at a 4.3% CAGR: Future Market Insights, Inc. Study
North American Crohn's Disease Treatment Market is expected to proliferate at a CAGR of 4.9% from 2023 to 2033. With a 27.3% global market share in 2023, the hospital pharmacy segment by distribution channel will hold the second-largest segment throughout the projected period.NEWARK, Del, March 22, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- By the end of 2023, the worldwide Crohn's Disease (CD) Treatment Market is expected to be worth US$ 11.68 billion. According to Future Market Insights, the market is expected | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Maggie Lena Walker (July 15, 1864 – December 15, 1934) was born just after the end of the Civil War. She was the first female bank president in the United States.
Her mother was one of the emancipated slaves in the house of southern abolitionist and Union spy Elizabeth Van Lew. When Elizabeth’s father died, she and her mother set their slaves free, though many remained as paid servants in the heart of the Confederacy, Richmond. Elizabeth’s brother often visited the slave market, bought all he could, and issued papers of manumission.
Her maiden name was Mitchell. William Mitchell was a butler and writer. William was not Maggie’s biological father – that distinction belongs to one Eccles Cuthbert, a white Irish immigrant. Apparently, Cuthbert and her mother split, with the marriage to William occurring shortly after Maggie’s birth. William died when Maggie was a teenager, probably murdered, leaving her mother to support the family as a laundress. Maggie was able to attend school in Richmond and was a part of the nearby vibrant First African Baptist Church. After each school day, she helped her mother, delivering laundry to wealthy white houses. In 1904, she recalled, “I was not born with a silver spoon in my mouth, but with a laundry basket practically on my head.”
She went to the Lancaster School and later graduated from the Richmond Colored Normal School in 1883, where she was trained as a teacher. After graduation, she returned to the Lancaster School where she taught for three years. As a student at Lancaster, she joined the Order of St. Luke, an association to promote the economic development of black people. This proved to be life-changing.
Maggie fell in love – she found a brick contractor named Armstead Walker. The couple bought their own house in 1904, and had three sons and an adopted daughter – one son died at only seven months old. The school district had a policy against married teachers, common in those times, and Maggie was forced to leave her job. She doubled her efforts in family and in the Order of St. Luke. She became the organization’s Grand Secretary, and her skills saved it from bankruptcy. She founded a newspaper, a thrift store, and in 1902, St. Luke Penny Savings Bank. She remained president until 1929, the first woman of any race to hold that position in the United States.
Tragedy struck along with success. Armstead worked late on a job one night and stopped by to visit his father Russell on the way home, not a normal occurrence. His father, due to the late hour, thought there was an intruder, and shot Armstead, killing him. Russell was tried for murder and acquitted, but died of depression, alcoholism, and a broken heart. Maggie contracted diabetes and spent the latter years of her life in a wheelchair.
Despite these setbacks, Maggie persevered. She provided jobs, and an example for young women to follow. The Order of St. Lukes roared back from bankruptcy under her leadership, collected nearly $3.5 million, claimed 100,000 members in twenty-four states, and built up almost $100,000 in reserve. The bank she founded went through mergers but was still in operation under black ownership at the beginning of the 21st century. While many banks did not survive the Great Depression, Consolidated Bank and Trust, the merged St. Luke Penny Savings Bank and Second Street Savings bank, thrived until 2009. In that year, it was bought by the Premier Bank, ending its distinction as a black-run, independently-owned bank. It was believed to be the oldest continuously black-owned bank in the country until then.
Maggie received an honorary master’s degree from Virginia Union University in 1925. She was active in the civil rights and anti-lynching movement, even running unsuccessfully for office – all Republican black candidates in that election were defeated. She championed a home for wayward girls and organized a campaign against segregation on Richmond’s streetcars. A high school was named after her, and was refurbished in 2004 to open as Maggie L. Walker’s Governors School for Government and International studies. A ten-foot statue of her was erected in Richmond.
Maggie Lena Walker died on December 15, 1934, of diabetic gangrene.
Leave a Reply | FINEWEB-EDU |
Hermann Sudermann
Hermann Sudermann (30 September 1857 – 21 November 1928) was a German dramatist and novelist.
Early career
Sudermann was born at Matzicken, a village to the east of Heydekrug in the Province of Prussia (now Macikai, in southwestern Lithuania), close to the Russian frontier. The Sudermanns were a Mennonite family from the Vistula delta Mennonite communities near the former Elbing, East Prussia, (now Elbląg, Poland).
His father owned a small brewery in Heydekrug, and Sudermann received his early education at the Realschule in Elbing, where he lived with his relatives and attended the Mennonite church where his uncle was the minister. His parents having been reduced in circumstances, he was apprenticed to a chemist at the age of 14. He was, however, able to enter the Realgymnasium (high school) in Tilsit, and to study philosophy and history at Königsberg University.
In order to complete his studies Sudermann went to Berlin, where he was tutor to several families, including the family of the author Hans Hopfen (1835–1904). Next he became a journalist, and was in 1881 and 1882 the co-editor of the Deutsches Reichsblatt. He then devoted himself to fiction, beginning with a collection of naturalistic short stories called Im Zwielicht ("At Twilight", 1886), and the novels Frau Sorge ("Dame Care", 1887), Geschwister ("Siblings", 1888) and Der Katzensteg ("Cats' Bridge", 1890). These works failed to bring the young author as much recognition as his first drama, Die Ehre ("Honour", 1889), which inaugurated a new period in the history of the German stage. This play, originally intended to be a tragedy, but on Blumenthal's advice given a "happy ending," was a pseudo-Nietzschean attack on the morality of the lowly.
He married the novelist Clara Lauckner (1861–1924), née Schulz on 20 October 1891 and lived with his family in Berlin-Wannsee. She was a widow and already had three children from her previous short-lived marriage, and she then had one child with Sudermann: a daughter, Hede. They lived in Königsberg for the next two years, before moving to Dresden and then Berlin in 1895.
Fame
He had a large following in Japan. During the 20th century, his plays were the basis of more than 30 films.
Heimat (1893), another successful drama, was translated into English as Magda (1896). In this play, Sudermann emphasizes the right of the artist to a freer moral life than that of the petty bourgeoisie. It has some of the moralistic and didactic tendency of the later French dramatists, especially the younger Dumas, and all of their technical finesse. Productions featured some of the best known actresses of the time, including Helena Modjeska, Sarah Bernhardt, Eleonora Duse, and Mrs Patrick Campbell.
In 1894 Sudermann returned to novels with Es War (the title referring to Section 2, §1 of Nietzsche's Unzeitgemässe Betrachtungen), a protest against the fruitlessness of brooding repentance. In 1902, he moved to a mansion with extensive grounds at Blankensee, and used his new-found wealth to collect paintings and sculpture, and to take trips to Italy, Greece, Egypt and India. At the commencement of World War I, Sudermann was enthusiastic, publishing a Kaiserlied ("Song of the Kaiser"). In autumn 1917, he organised the Frohe Abende ("Cheery Evenings"), a program promoting artistic endeavors among the common people, for which he received an Iron Cross Second Class on 5 April 1918. After the end of the war, he helped found the Bund schaffender Künstler ("Society of Creative Artists"), which posed as a centrist political force and which earned him the reputation of an opportunist.
The most important of his later works are Litauische Geschichten ("Lithuanian Stories", 1917, translated as The Excursion to Tilsit), a realistic portrait of his homeland, and a volume of memoirs in 1922. His last major work, written after the death of his wife in 1924, was Die Frau des Steffen Tromholt ("The Wife of Steffen Tromholt", 1927), a semi-autobiographical novel, which turned into a movie in 1929 titled Wonder of Women. He had a stroke in 1928, and died of a lung infection shortly afterwards, in Berlin, aged 71. His stepson Rolf Lauckner set up the Hermann Sudermann Foundation to support young dramatists.
Posthumous reputation
Sudermann's nationalism, and his delight in romanticized ideas of ethnicity and homeland, particularly noticeable in his later works, made him a favorite during World War II. Jürgen Fehling staged Johannisfeuer in Berlin, with Maria Gorvin, Maria Koppenhöfer and Paul Wegener in the lead roles. The film Die Reise nach Tilsit was based on his short story of the same title.
After 1945, his plays and novels were almost completely forgotten. He mainly is remembered today for his Lithuanian stories, for his autobiography, and for the 1927 silent films Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans, based on his short story Die Reise nach Tilsit ("The Excursion to Tilsit"), from the Collection Litauische Geschichten (Lithuanian Stories), The Song of Songs, starring Marlene Dietrich, based on his novel Das Hohe Lied and Flesh and the Devil, starring Greta Garbo, based on his novel The Undying Past.
Works
* Im Zwielicht: Zwanglose Geschichten ("At Twilight", short stories, 1886)
* Frau Sorge ("Dame Care", novel, 1887; translated by Bertha Overbeck (1857-1928) in 1891)
* Geschwister: Zwei Novellen ("Siblings: Two Stories", novellas, 1888)
* Die Geschichte der stillen Mühle ("The Tale of the Idle Millstone", novella)
* Der Wunsch ("The Wish", novella; translated by Lily Henkel (1860-1933) in 1894)
* Die Ehre ("Honour", play, 1889/91)
* Der Katzensteg ("Cats' Bridge", novel, 1890; translated by Beatrice Marshall (1861-1944) in 1898 as "Regina or the Sins of the Fathers")
* Sodoms Ende ("Sodom's End", play, 1891), a tragedy of artistic life in Berlin
* Jolanthes Hochzeit ("Iolanthe's Wedding", novel, 1892; translated by Adele S. Seltzer (d.1940) in 1918), a humorous novel which breathes the serener realism of common life
* Heimat ("Homeland", play, 1893; translated by C. E. A. Winslow in 1896 as "Magda")
* Es War ("It Was", novel, 1894; translated by Beatrice Marshall in 1906 as "The Undying Past")
* Die Schmetterlingsschlacht ("Battle of the Butterflies", comedy play, 1895) (Digital edition from 1904 by the University and State Library Düsseldorf)
* Das Glück im Winkel ("Happiness in a Quiet Corner", 1896)
* Morituri (three one-act plays, 1896)
* Teja, Fritzchen, Das Ewig-Männlich ("The Eternal Masculine")
* Johannes (tragic play about John the Baptist, 1898)
* Die drei Reiherfedern ("Three Heron-Feathers", play, 1899)
* Drei Reden ("Three Lectures", 1900)
* Johannisfeuer (Fires of St. John, 1900)
* Es lebe das Leben! ("Let Life Live!", 1902; translated by Edith Wharton in 1903 as "The Joy of Living")
* Verrohung der Theaterkritik (1902)
* Der Sturmgeselle Sokrates ("Stormfellow Socrates", comedic play, 1903)
* Die Sturmgesellen: Ein Wort zur Abwehr ("Stormfellows: a Defence", essay, 1903)
* Stein unter Steinen ("Stone Among Stones", 1905)
* Das Blumenboot ("The Flower Boat", 1905)
* Rosen ("Roses", four one-act plays, 1907; translated by Grace Frank in 1912, the last with the title "The Faraway Princess")
* Die Lichtbänder ("Streaks of Light")
* Margot
* Der letzte Besuch ("The Last Visit")
* Die Feen-Prinzessin ("The Fairy Princess")
* Das hohe Lied ("The Song of Songs", novel, 1908; translated by Thomas Seltzer (1875-1943) in 1910 and by Edward Sheldton in 1914)
* Strandkinder ("Beach Children", 1909)
* Der Bettler von Syrakus ("The Beggar of Syracuse", 1911)
* Die indische Lilie ("The Indian Lily", short story, 1911; translated by L. Lewisohn in 1911)
* Der gute Ruf ("The Good Name", 1912)
* Die Lobgesänge des Claudian ("Hymns to Claudian", 1914)
* Die entgötterte Welt ("The Godless World", 1915)
* Litauische Geschichten ("Lithuanian Stories", short stories, 1917; reprinted 1984, 1985, 1989), translated by Lewis Galantière in 1930 as The Excursion to Tilsit
* Die Reise nach Tilsit
* Miks Bumbullis
* Jons unds Erdine
* Die Magd
* Die Raschoffs ("The Raschoffs", 1919)
* Der Hüter der Schwelle ("Watcher at the Step", 1921)
* Das deutsche Schicksal ("The German Destiny", 1921)
* Jons und Erdme: eine litauische Geschichte ("Jons and Erdme: a Lithuanian Tale", 1921)
* Das Bilderbuch meiner Jugend: Autobiographie ("The Picture Book of my Youth", autobiography, 1922; reprinted, Ernst Osterkamp, ed., 1980, 1988)
* Wie die Träumenden ("Like Dreamers", 1923)
* Die Denkmalsweihe ("Ceremony at the Monument", 1923)
* Der tolle Professor: Roman aus der Bismarckzeit ("The Mad Professor: a Novel of the Bismarck Years", 1926; translated by Isabel Leighton in 1929)
* Der Hasenfellhändler ("The Trader of Hareskins", 1927)
* Die Frau des Steffen Tromholt ("The Wife of Steffen Tromholt", novel, 1927)
* Purzelchen (1928) | WIKI |
Page:Rural Hours.djvu/415
Rh “Captain Kidd! In these forests, hundreds of miles from the coast!”
Incredible as the folly may seem, such, it appears, was the notion of these men. According to the computation of the money-diggers, Captain Kidd must have been the most successful pirate that ever turned thief on the high seas, and have buried as many treasures as Crœsus displayed. It has been quite common for people to dig for the pirate's treasure along the shores of Long Island, and upon the coast to the northward and southward; but one would never have expected the trees of these inland woods to be uprooted for the same purpose. But men will seek for gold everywhere, and in any way.
This is the third instance of the kind accidentally come to our knowledge. The scene of one was in the heart of the city of New York, and the attraction a singular tree, growing in the yard of a house in Broadway, whose occupant was repeatedly disturbed by applications to dig at its roots. The other two cases occurred among these hills; and on one of these occasions the search was declared to be commenced at the instigation of a professed witch, living in a neighboring village, and regularly armed with a twig of wych-hazel!
But there is more superstition left among us than is commonly supposed. There are still signs and sayings current among the farmers, about the weather and the crops, which they by no means entirely discredit; and there are omens still repeated by nurses and gossips, and young girls, about death-beds, and cradles, and dreams, and wedding-days, which are not yet so powerless but that they make some timid heart beat with hope or | WIKI |
Dra. Maria Virginia HERNANDEZ LORING, Plaintiff, v. UNIVERSIDAD METROPOLITANA, et al., Defendants.
No. Civ. 97-1215(SEC).
United States District Court, D. Puerto Rico.
Aug. 20, 1999.
Wilfredo A. Geigel, Christiansted, St. Croix, VI, for plaintiff.
José E. De-la-Cruz-Skerrett, San Juan, PR, for defendants.
OPINION AND ORDER
CASELLAS, District Judge.
Pending before the Court is a motion for summary judgment filed by defendants Universidad Metropolitana, Rene Labarea, Luis R. Diaz Rivera, Carmen Bigas, Marta Ramos, Nilda Lopez, Maria del C. Monser-rat and Sistema Universitario Ana G. Mendez. (Doqket # 52). After a careful analysis of the parties’ argument and the applicable law, we GRANT defendants’ motion for summary judgment.
Plaintiff Maria Virginia Hernandez Lor-ing (“Hernandez-Loring”) brings this action pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332, claiming damages for negligence, under Article 1802 of Puerto Rico’s Civil Code. Hernandez-Loring, a linguistics professor hired by the Universidad Metropolitana, claims that university officials conducted her tenure evaluation in an arbitrary and capricious manner, and contrary to the criteria established by the University’s rules, regulations and procedures.
Plaintiffs claim relies on two grounds; first, that one of the members of her review committee, Luis R. Diaz Rivera (“Diaz-Rivera”) was a known sexual harasser of students and faculty alike, and that he prevented her promotion in reprisal for plaintiffs refusal to succumb to his sexual advances. Furthermore, Hernandez-Lor-ing claims that the faculty committee which prevented her promotion to full professor was not properly qualified to review her qualifications and accomplishments. Finally, she contends that the “hostile work environment” created by Diaz-Rivera and University Chancellor Rene La-barca before, during, and after her petition for tenure compelled her to resign and seek employment elsewhere. Although she does not invoke any other source of federal jurisdiction, a review of her allegations lead this Court to conclude that she may invoke Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-3 et. seq., pursuant to her sexual harassment claims. Despite the intertwined nature of her claims, we feel that a separate discussion of each claim would expedite the resolution of this case. Thus, we proceed to solve each claim seriatim.
Applicable Law!Analysis
As noted by the First Circuit, “[s]um-mary judgment has a special niche in civil litigation.” It serves “to pierce the boilerplate of the pleadings and assay the parties’ proof in order to determine whether trial is actually required.” Wynne v. Tufts University School of Medicine, 976 F.2d 791, 794 (1st Cir.1992), cert. denied, 507 U.S. 1030, 113 S.Ct. 1845, 123 L.Ed.2d 470 (1993). This device “allows courts and litigants to avoid full-blown trials in unwinna-ble cases, thus conserving the parties’ time and money and permitting courts to husband scarce judicial resources.” McCarthy v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 56 F.3d 313, 314-315 (1st Cir.1995).
According to Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c), a summary judgment motion should be granted when the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. NASCO, Inc. v. Public Storage, Inc., 29 F.3d 28 (1st Cir.1994). “By its very terms, this standard provides that the mere existence of some alleged factual dispute between the parties will not defeat an otherwise properly supported motion for summary judgment; the requirement is that there is no genuine issue of material fact.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).
For a dispute to be “genuine,” there must be sufficient evidence to permit a reasonable trier of fact to resolve the issue in favor of the nonmoving party. U.S. v. One Parcel of Real Property, 960 F.2d 200, 204 (1st Cir.1992). See also, Boston Athletic Ass’n v. Sullivan, 867 F.2d 22, 24 (1st Cir.1989). By like token, “material” means that the fact is one that might affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law. Morris v. Government Development Bank of Puerto Rico, 27 F.3d 746, 748 (1st Cir.1994).
Moreover, this Court may not weigh the evidence. Casas Office Machines, Inc. v. Mita Copystar America, Inc., 42 F.3d 668 (1st Cir.1994). Summary judgment “admits of no room for credibility determinations, no room for the measured weighing of conflicting evidence such as the trial process entails.” Id. (citing Greenburg v. Puerto Rico Maritime Shipping Authority, 835 F.2d 932, 936 (1st Cir.1987)). Accordingly, if the facts permit more than one reasonable inference, the court on summary judgment may not adopt the inference least favorable to the non-moving party. Casas Office Machines, 42 F.3d at 684.
This Court had an opportunity to elucidate the purpose of the summary judgment procedure, as established by the seminal trilogy of cases decided by the United States Supreme Court in Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986), Celotex Corporation v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986) and Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp. 475 U.S. 574, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). See Smith v. Williams Hospitality, 950 F.Supp. 440 (D.Puerto Rico 1997). Citing the Supreme Court of New Jersey in Brill v. Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America, 142 N.J. 520, 666 A.2d 146 (1995), this Court explained:
After early debate about the breadth of the summary judgment power, the jurisprudence of summary judgment was rather uniform until 1986... In that year the United States Supreme Court upheld summary judgments in three cases, Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, and Celotex Corp. v. Catrett (citations omitted). Matsushita was decided in March whereas Liberty Lobby and Celotex were decided the same day in June. The fact that the Court addressed the summary judgment standard three times within four months suggests how significant the issue had become.Read together,Matsushita, Liberty Lobby and Celotex adopted a standard that requires the motion judge to engage in an analytical process essentially the same as that necessary to rule on a motion for a directed verdict: whether the evidence presents a sufficient disagreement to require submission to a jury or whether it is so one-sided that one party must prevail as a matter of law. Liberty Lobby, supra 477 U.S. at 251-52. That weighing process requires the court to be guided by the same evidentiary standard of proof — by a preponderance of evidence or clear and convincing evidence — that would apply at the trial on the merits when deciding whether there exists a “genuine” issue of material fact. Id. at 254-56, 106 S.Ct. 2505.
Brill at 530, 533-34, 666 A.2d 146.
The Brill Court, as quoted in Williams Hospitality, went on to explain the practical consequences of the Celotex trilogy, as it was applied throughout different jurisdictions across the country:
The Arizona Supreme Court has aptly described why so many jurisdictions have adopted the standard articulated in Celotex and Liberty Lobby. It stated: ‘We live in what is widely perceived as a time of great increase in litigation and one in which many meritless cases are filed, vastly increasing the dockets before our trial judges. As a result, the courts of this country have been urged to liberalize the standards so as to permit summary judgment in a larger number of cases.’ See, e. g., Report of the Commission on the Courts, The Future of Arizona Courts, at 62 (1989) [Orme School v. Reeves, 166 Ariz. 301, 802 P.2d 1000, 1003-04 (1990).]
Id. at 539, 666 A.2d 146.
The Brill Court added:
It is critical that a trial court ruling on a summary judgment motion not “shut a deserving litigant from his [or her] trial.” .. .At the same time, we stress that it is just as important that the court not “allow harassment of an equally deserving suitor for immediate relief by a long and worthless trial.” ... If these general rules are applied by the courts with discernment and care, the summary judgment procedure, without unjustly depriving a party of a trial, can effectively eliminate from crowded court calendars cases in which a trial would serve no useful purpose and cases in which the threat of trial is used to coerce a settlement. To send a case to trial, knowing that a rational jury can reach but one conclusion, is indeed “worthless” and will “serve no useful purpose.”
Id. at 540-41, 666 A.2d 146
The Brill Court added the following postscript to its analysis of the summary judgment standard, which we heartily endorsed in Williams Hospitality and we heartily endorse now:
The thrust of today’s decision is to encourage trial courts not to refrain from granting summary judgment when the proper circumstances present themselves. Some have suggested that trial courts out of fear of reversal, or out of an overly restrictive reading of [the case law] or a combination thereof, allow cases to survive summary judgment so long as there is any disputed issue of fact. As to fear of reversal, we believe our judges are made of sterner stuff and have sought conscientiously over the years to follow the law.
Id. at 541, 666 A.2d 146 (cited in Williams Hospitality, 950 F.Supp. at 444).
Pursuant to the abovementioned case law, we proceed with our analysis.
Due Process Claim
Although plaintiff may not invoke a Due Process violation of the Fourteenth Amendment by virtue of the University’s private status, the Puerto Rico Supreme Court has recognized an analogous claim against private institutions who arbitrarily deny tenure to a faculty professor, in violation of its own rules and regulations. In Selosse v. Fundacion Educativa Ana G. Mendez, 122 D.P.R. 534, 1988 WL 580750 (1988), a college professor sued a private university (indeed, one of the very same parties involved in the present case-Fun-dacion Ana G. Mendez) claiming that school officials had discriminated against her in its decision to deny her tenure. The Court held that the contract between plaintiff and the university had incorporated the statutes and bylaws regarding the procedures to grant or deny tenure. Id. at 548-549, 1988 WL 580750. The Court concluded that courts had an obligation to ensure that such procedural measures, once granted to the plaintiff, were followed by the defendants. Id. at 549, 1988 WL 580750.
Although upon initial review, Hernandez-Loring’s claim has an eery resemblance to the Selosse case, a closer scrutiny of the facts of the present case compel a different outcome.
Plaintiff contends that the faculty committee which denied her promotion to full professor was not properly qualified to review her qualifications and accomplishments. A review of the evidence fails to review any serious deficiencies by the faculty committee members that would preclude summary judgment against plaintiff. Four of the five committee members had a similar or higher academic rank than petitioner Hernandez-Loring. Luis R. Diaz Rivera had an Education degree in General Education, Carmen Bigas, an Assistant Professor, held a Master’s Degree in Nursing, Martha M. Ramos, an Associate Professor, had a Master’s Degree in Business, Nilda Lopez, an Associate Professor, obtained a Ph.D, in Family Sociology and Maria del C. Monserrat was Full Professor with a Ph.D in Spanish. Diaz-Rivera was a fellow member of the Education Department in which Hernandez-Loring worked. (Docket # 58, p. 5, paragraph 12)
Petitioner would like her peer review committee to be strictly construed to mean fellow professors in the field of linguistics. In that way, Hernandez-Loring contends, her academic accomplishments and intellectual contributions to her field could be properly assessed. The Court declines to acquiesce to plaintiffs request. To do so would improperly constrict the University’s freedom to design a workable tenure review committee. Defendants contend, and this Court agrees, that it would be practically impossible to design committees tailor-made for each academic or professional subspecialty in the University. Even if it were possible to design such committee for certain academic areas, this would not only be unfair for all those tenure petitioners in other arcane areas, but would also reek of impropriety and academic cronyism, as the same five-person “mafia” would promote each other ad infinitum, in an unseemly display of academic “kiting” and “leapfrogging.”
Furthermore, she seeks to relitigate the entire evaluation process of the tenure review committee, claiming the numerical assessment ascribed to her, — which fell considerably below the assessment given to the other three tenure applicants — was improperly calculated. Furthermore, plaintiff claims that the committee should have taken into account all her published work instead of only those publications for which she was not remunerated. She also claims that review committee did not accurately take into account her extracurricular activities in faculty committees and with her students. Finally, she argues that the appeal process to seek review of the committee’s denial of tenure is a “sham”, which has compelled her to seek redress in this forum.
In Latimore v. University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 669 F.Supp. 1345 (W.D.N.C.1987), the Court faced a situation similar to the present case, where plaintiff claimed that the review committee denied him tenure due to his age, and that the appeal process was also tainted by discriminatory animus against him. Accordingly, plaintiff attacked the review committee’s evaluation procedures. Due to its legal and factual pertinence to the present case, we cite liberally from the Latimore Court’s opinion. We believe that the Latimore Court’s most enduring contribution is its explanation of the University’s need to retain broad discretionary power over its tenure appointments, and ultimate control over the academic, intellectual and personal makeup of its academic universe. The Latimore Court expounded:
Tenure is one of the most difficult of all academic decisions. “[T]enure is a privilege, an honor, a distinctive honor, which is not to be accorded to all ... professors. It is a very high recognition of merit [and] the ultimate reward for ... academic excellence. It is to be awarded in the course of search for fundamental merit.” Johnson v. University of Pittsburgh, 435 F.Supp. 1328, 1353 (W.D.Pa.1977). It is a decision which, in addition to delineating basic qualifications, involves a degree of subjectivity. Furthermore, since professors are individuals and perform different roles within a department, it is difficult to compare the reasons for promoting one faculty member with the reasons for promoting or not promoting another, (citing Smith v. University of North Carolina, 632 F.2d 316, 344-45 (4th Cir.1980)).
Id. at 1351-52.
We also adopt the Latimore Court’s rationale to rebut plaintiff Hernandez-Lor-ing’s claims that this Court must impeach the review committee procedures that led to the denial of her tenure application.
A teacher’s competence and qualifications for tenure or promotion are by their very nature matters calling for highly subjective determinations, deter-ruinations which do not lend themselves to precise qualifications and are not susceptible to mechanical measurement or the use of standardized tests. These determinations are in “an area in which school officials must remain free to exercise their judgment,” especially since these determinations present unique questions for judgment by those with expertise in the specialized academic area, capable of making professional evaluations of those elusive and intangible qualities and talents expected of the scholar and teacher. Courts are not qualified to review and substitute their judgment for these subjective, discretionary judgments of professional experts on faculty promotions or to engage independently in an intelligent informal comparison of the scholarly contributions or teaching talents of one faculty member denied promotion with those of another faculty member granted a promotion; in short, courts may not engage in “second-guessing” the University authorities in connection with faculty promotions. Yet that is exactly what the plaintiff seeks by his action to have the court do.
Id. at 1352 (emphasis added)(citing Clark v. Whiting, 607 F.2d 634, 639 (4th Cir.1979)).
The Latimore Court’s conclusion is instructive in its directness and in its legal reasoning. Accordingly, we cite Lati-more’s denouement in its entirety:
In summary, Plaintiff was reviewed by his peers on a properly constituted committee organized for the purpose of determining whether he should receive tenure. What Plaintiff is seeking is for a jury to reverse the subjective judgment by the faculty members of the review committee with no evidence of discrimination against Plaintiff by the committee because of Plaintiffs age.
In practically all walks of life, especially in business and the professions, someone must be charged with the ultimate responsibility of making a final decision, even as are the Courts. The computer, highly developed though it may be, is not yet qualified to digest the punch cards of an entire faculty and advise the waiting and expectant onlooker of its decision as to hiring or promotion. Even were it so capable a new rule would have to be added to appellate rules entitled “Appeal from a Computer.”
Id. at 1352-53 (emphasis added) (citing Faro v. New York University, 502 F.2d 1229, 1232 (2nd Cir.1974)).
Ordinarily, finding no egregious procedural miscarriages of justice in the committee’s decision to deny tenure to plaintiff, we would “stop looking further.” However, we must address the sexual harassment “twist” which plaintiff claims colored her denial of tenure.
Title VII/Sexual Harassment
Quid Pro Quo
As noted previously, plaintiff Hernandez-Loring contends that Luis Diaz-Rivera, as an influential member of her tenure review committee, prevented her promotion in retaliation for plaintiffs refusal to succumb to his sexual advances. In order for Hernandez-Loring to prevail pursuant to the doctrine of “quid pro quo” sexual harassment, she must prove:
1. that she was a member of a protected class;
2. that she was subject to unwelcome sexual harassment in the form of sexual advances or requests for sexual favors;
3. that the harassment complained of was based on sex;
4. that submission to the unwelcome advances was an expressed or implied condition for receiving job benefits or that refusal to submit to a supervisor’s sexual demands resulted in a tangible job detriment; and
5. the existence of respondeat superior liability.
Chamberlin v. 101 Realty, Inc., 915 F.2d 777, 785 (1st Cir.1990); Ruiz v. Caribbean, 54 F.Supp.2d 97 (D.Puerto Rico 1999); Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc., 510 U.S. 17, 114 S.Ct. 367, 370, 126 L.Ed.2d 295 (1993). Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. Vinson, 477 U.S. 57, 106 S.Ct. 2399, 2404, 91 L.Ed.2d 49 (1986); Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc., 523 U.S. 75, 118 S.Ct. 998, 1001, 140 L.Ed.2d 201 (1998).
Additionally, as noted previously, Hernandez-Loring contends that the “hostile work environment” created by Diaz-Rivera and Chancellor Rene Labarca before, during, and after her petition for tenure compelled her to resign and seek employment elsewhere.
In order for plaintiff HernandezLoring to successfully bring a “hostile environment” sexual harassment claims, she must prove that:
1. she belongs to a protected group;
2. she was subjected to unwelcome sexual harassment;
3. the harassment was based on sex;
4. the harassment affected a term, condition or privilege of employment and;
5. the employer knew or should have known of the harassment and failed to take proper remedial action.
Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson, 106 S.Ct. at 2404; Ruiz v. Caribbean, 54 F.Supp.2d 97.
Furthermore, plaintiff must allege that defendants actions were sufficiently severe or pervasive enough as to create an objectively hostile or abusive work environment — an environment that a reasonable person would find hostile or abusive. Harris, 114 S.Ct. at 370. Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, 524 U.S. 775, 118 S.Ct. 2275, 2283, 141 L.Ed.2d 662 (1998).
In order for the Court to determine whether an environment is “hostile” or “abusive,” it must look at all the circumstances. These may include “the frequency of the discriminatory conduct; its severity; whether it is physically threatening or humiliating, or a mere offensive utterance; and whether it unreasonably interferes with an employee’s work performance. The effect on the employee’s psychological well-being is, of course, relevant to determining whether the plaintiff actually found the environment abusive. But while psychological harm, like any other relevant factor, may be taken into account, no single factor is required.” Harris, 114 S.Ct. at 370; Faragher, 118 S.Ct. at 2283.
Pursuant to plaintiffs claim that the “hostile work environment” at the Univer-sidad Metropolitana led to her “constructive discharge,” we must define the legal term of art, “constructive discharge.” The First Circuit has noted in Greenberg v. Union Camp. Corp., 48 F.3d 22, 27 (1st Cir.1995):
“It is well settled in this Circuit that, to establish a claim of constructive discharge, the evidence must support a finding that ‘the new working conditions would have been so difficult or unpleasant that a reasonable person in the employee’s shoes would have felt compelled to resign.” Calhoun v. Acme Cleveland Corp., 798 F.2d 559, 561 (1st Cir.1986) (quoting Alicea Rosado v. Garcia Santiago, 562 F.2d 114, 119 (1st Cir.1977)); see also Vega, 3 F.3d at 480 (new conditions must make work so “arduous,” “unappealing” or “intolerable” that a reasonable person would resign). The legal standard to be applied is “objective,” with the inquiry focused on “the reasonable state of mind of the putative discriminatee.” Calhoun, 798 F.2d at 561 (internal quotations omitted). Consequently, “an employee may not be unreasonably sensitive to his or her working environment.”
Plaintiffs “eleventh-hour allegations,” as delineated in her affidavit filed with her opposition to the motion for summary judgment include several incidents which, in her view, constitute sufficient grounds to establish claims under “quid pro quo” and “hostile work environment,” to wit:
On November 27, 1991, during a Thanksgiving Day’s lunch in the library of Universidad Metropolitana, plaintiff sat in a table with some professors from the Education Department. According to plaintiff, Dr. Diaz Rivera accosted her, sat very close to her and told her in. an allegedly suggestive manner: “Maria Virginia, you are so tasty that getting laid with you just once is not enough: at least three or four times is needed.” (Docket # 53, Opposition to Motion for Summary Judgment, Exhibit 1, Paragraph 16 A) Plaintiff contends she was surprised, afraid, embarrassed and ashamed by Diaz-Rivera’s insinuating physical nearness as well as by his lascivious comments toward her. Diaz-Rivera’s actions prompted her to immediately leave the Thanksgiving luncheon, never to participate in such luncheon again. Hernandez-Loring spent the rest of the day in a depressive and anxious mental state. Id., Par. 16 A.
At approximately 9:30 a.m. on August 24, 1995, plaintiff attended a Faculty Workshop at the University’s Amphitheater. While seeking for a seat, Dr. Diaz Rivera said to Hernandez-Loring: “Maria Virginia, this happened to you for being such a bitch.” Id., Par. 16 B. This incident, plaintiff points out, is the clearest example that bolsters her “quid pro quo” claim and indicates a Clear link between her rejection of Dr. Diaz-Rivera’s sexual advances and her denial of tenure. Finally she alleges that several students told her that Diaz-Rivera often uttered sexually-suggestive commentaries in the classroom, mainly directed toward the female students. Id., Par. 16.
One particularly offensive scenario portrayed him saying: “Even though I am fifty-three years old, I am an expert in the tongue of the Low Countries,” which one student construed as a crude reference to female body parts. Shortly after this comment, he addressed a female student and told her “I am glad that we speak the same tongue.” (Docket # 53, Exhibit 12, Affidavit of Mayra del Valle Ortiz, paragraph 4A). These latter incidents are confirmed in the depositions of several of her students, whom she requested to testify on her behalf. ' (Docket # 53, Exhibits 12, 14, 15)
Additionally, plaintiff claims that on July 13, 1995 she was sexually accosted and manhandled by Chancellor Labarca, who was in a drunken stupor. Plaintiff narrates that during the faculty luncheon at the Condado Convention Center, Chancellor Labarca slid very close to her and, in full view of other faculty and administration officials, grabbed her arm and told her “Maria Virginia, you are just like a ‘pirulí.’ Even though I have transferred you from your Department, and all, I’m going to protect you.” After a serious struggle, she managed to extricate herself from his grip and told him to “leave her alone.” This public incident with Labarca, which lasted approximately ten minutes, led her to suffer a tachycardia episode, which forced her to abandon yet another University -sponsored luncheon and deal with her “anxiety, outrage, indisposition and depression.” (Docket # 53, Exhibit 1, Par. 16 C)
These incidents, coupled with several other instances in which Dr. Diaz Rivera sought futilely to ask her out, as well as her retaliation-derived professional stagnation, created such a “hostile work environment” that she had no other alternative than to leave the University where she had worked for more than twenty years, and move to the state of Virginia with her husband.
Despite Hernandez-Loring’s apparently harrowing tale, we must closely scrutinize her allegations. Although we must give all reasonable inferences to plaintiffs allegations, the timing and nature of Hernandez-Loring’s affidavit undermine any possibility of treating plaintiffs allegations as “reasonable inferences.” To reiterate the First Circuit’s admonition on the Court’s application of the federal summary judgment standards, a Court has an obligation to weed out claims whose claims rely on “conclusory allegations, improbable inferences, and unsupported speculation.” Medina-Munoz v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., 896 F.2d 5, 8 (1st Cir.1990).
Plaintiffs allegations, have evolved in time from a mere claim of arbitrary denial of tenure, to a claim of “quid pro quo” sexual harassment and retaliation, to an additional claim of “constructive discharge” due to a hostile work environment, to further allegations of sexual harassment by Dean Rene Labarca, culminating in a conspiracy between Diaz-Rivera, Carmen Bigas, Marta Ramos, Nilda Lopez, Maria del C. Monserrat and Dean Rene Labarca to refuse Hernandez-Lor-ing’s tenure petition, motivated by Diaz-Rivera’s sexual frustrations toward plaintiff. Furthermore, her eleventh-hour flood of recollections regarding Diaz-Rivera and Chancellor Labarca’s sexual misconduct, conveniently remembered several months after her deposition and only after defendants had filed their motion for summary judgment, strikes the Court as specious, at best.
A careful review of Hernandez-Loring’s deposition fails to reveal any substantive allegations of sexual misconduct or discriminatory animus by either Diaz-Rivera or Labarca towards plaintiff.
A. I had a bad experience with Dr. Diaz.
Q. With Dr. Diaz?
A. Aha.
Q. What was that bad experience about?
A. When I was entering the room where they were projecting some slides Dr. Diaz made a very unpleasant remark.
Q. Toward you?
A. Toward me.
Q. What did that remark consist of?
A. Dr. Diaz told me that If I had done other things the results of my evaluation would have been different.
Q. To what was Dr. Diaz referring about “other things,” if you know?
Going out with me.
Going out with you?
Aha.
How did you come to that determination, that that was what he meant?
The way that he said it and other words that he used. t>
What other words did he use?
I don’t recall specifically.
You don’t recall them?
No.
Is there a possibility that you will recall them sometime?
Yes.
At what moment could you recall them, under what conditions?
Perhaps at another time.
But now is when we need the information, doctor, not later, if you could recall, that means that you know.
“That is you had gone out with me you would have .. ■. —something like that — like going to bed with me, we would have had another ... another result.” f>
And to what did he refer with respect to result?
To the awarding of rank.
To the awarding of rank. Do you recall what specific day that was?
It was the first day of the faculty workshop.
:
Was there anyone close to you or Mr. Diaz when he made those statements that you allege he made? <p
I was entering the theater, in the theater they were showing some slides, I don’t recall ... there were people, I don’t recall who was around. [»
You don’t recall. Those persons who were around, could they have heard what he said to you? «©
Probably, I don’t know. í>
Probably yes or no, or you don’t know. <p
A. I don t know.
Q. You don’t know. Right now are you in any condition to tell us whether there was any witness of such event or encounter?
A. No, I am in no condition to tell you.
Q. Do you think that you could recall it at some time?
A. I don’t think so, it was very ... it was not pleasant, it was very unpleasant, I don’t recall.
(Docket #52, Exhibit J, Deposition of Hernandez-Loring, pp. 5-8, Certified Translation).
Plaintiff Hernandez-Loring continued at a law stage of her deposition to “stonewall” on the requested information regarding the specific details of each incident of alleged sexual misconduct, as well as the identification of any other persons who could corroborate these incidents:
Q. Doctor, what other element of hostility, we’ve already talked about three, about two, any other one?
A. ■ It’s that I can’t talk ... no, the hostile environment.
Who produced ... how did Dr. Diaz contribute or produce a hostile environment, doctor, who is the one you are charging -with hostility? In what way did he contribute to a hostile environment, doctor? &
A hostile environment before ... with professors and students.
Aha. How? cO
Harassing professors and students. í>
Talk to me about you, doctor, you are the one making the charge here, no one else ... <£>
A. I make the charge ...
Q. ... has made any other charge except for you, talk to me about facts, about you, doctor.
A. Interrupting my classrooms.
Q. You already told us about that.
A. Comments in the hallway, “Maria Virginia, when are we going out.” I was hearing consistent complaints from my students.
Q. Which students, tell me names and surnames, circumstances ...
A. That no..
Q. ... date and places, Doctor?
A. My students consistently.
Q. Which students, Doctor, tell me name, surname ...
A. Right now, I can’t say the names, I don’t recall the names of the students but I do recall their complaints, I do recall specifically what they have been suffering in the classrooms.
Q. Doctor, name, surname, circumstances, dates?
Q. What you are testifying here is not admissible in a court in any manner and you have a very serious charge against this doctor.
A. I understand that to be so.
Q. And what I want is for you to place us in the condition of establishing whether you are telling the truth about the charge you are making.
A. There are sworn statements of students.
Q. Tell me, who are those students who have those sworn statements? [sic]
A. Right now I cannot tell you their names ...
Q. Who took those sworn statements?
A. Attorneys.
Q. Attorneys. And why do you know about those sworn statements ... ?
A. Because the students have come to ask me to help them.
Q. Yes, now identify ...
A. ... because they are being harassed and they have been harassed consistently by Mr. Diaz inside his classroom.
Q. Identify the names of those persons for me?
A. Right now I cannot identify those names, counselor.
Q. Do you mean to tell me that you know that those students have been going to you to complain about conditions with Dr. Diaz, and you know that there are attorneys who have intervened with those students, that there are sworn statements given and you’re telling me here under oath'that you don’t know the names of those students?
Mr. Wilfredo Geigel (Plaintiffs attorney): That, I’m going to get the names ... I’ll get them .for you.
(Docket # 52, Exhibit I, Deposition of Hernandez-Loring, pp. 64-68, Certified Translation)
In view of the mysterious and unexplained omissions in Hernandez-Loring’s deposition regarding Diaz-Rivera and La-barca’s improper conduct, conduct which was subsequently and conveniently described in photographic details in her affidavit, the Court will not consider plaintiffs eleventh-hour recollections. Buckner v. Sam’s Club, Inc., 75 F.3d 290 (7th Cir.1996); Brassfield v. Jack McLendon Furniture, Inc., 953 F.Supp. 1424, 1430-31 (D.C.Ala.1996).
In view of Hernandez-Loring’s uncorroborated, belated, and self-serving testimony, tailor-made to refute defendants’ summary judgment motion, coupled with the fact that she did not raise any color-able claims of sexual misconduct or impropriety during her tenure review or appeal process, we can only consider her testimony as a collage of “conclusory allegations, improbable inferences, and unsupported speculation,” Medina-Munoz v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., 896 F.2d at 8, that are insufficient “to block summary judgment” against her. J. Geils Band Employee Benefit Plan v. Smith Barney Inc., 76 F.3d 1245, 1251 (1st Cir.1996).
Even assuming arguendo, that we accepted Hernandez-Loring’s account of Diaz-Rivera’s alleged sexual improprieties towards her, plaintiff must still establish a colorable claim that her denial of tenure by the review committee was directly linked to Diaz-Rivera’s need to quell his sexual revenge upon her. Having failed to establish any link between her denial of tenure and Diaz-Rivera’s discriminatory animus toward her, we cannot find a “quid pro quo” violation.
Although the Supreme Court has recently held that there’s no need to establish the “quo” in the “quid pro quo” prong of sexual harassment claims, the Court is unable to discern any causal link between the merit-based objective performance rendered by at least 4 of the 5 committee members, and her claim for retaliation/sexual harassment. (See footnote 3, supra) Even assuming, arguendo, that Diaz-Rivera’s evaluation was indeed tainted by her contempt of Hernandez-Loring (motivated by plaintiffs objections to Diaz-Rivera’s elevation to full professor, as well as her refusal to cater to his sexual whims), we cannot possibly ascribe Rasputin-like qualities to this man, insofar as plaintiff alleges that Diaz-Rivera manipulated the entire committee to satisfy his own petty needs for revenge.
Even assuming, as we must, for purposes of this summary judgment motion, that Diaz-Rivera harbored such grievous resentment toward plaintiff, we cannot conclude that his personal contempt tainted not only his evaluation, but also the evaluations of the entire review committee, as well as the concomitant appeal process of plaintiffs tenure petition. To adopt plaintiffs’ allegations, we would have to infer a conspiracy of such massive proportions between Diaz-Rivera, Carmen Bigas, Marta Ramos, Nilda Lopez, Maria del C. Monserrat, Dean Rene Labarca and even Jose F. Mendez, the President of Funda-ción Ana G. Mendez, that, to paraphrase the words of noted Supreme Court Justice Benjamin Cardozo, “life would have to be made over, and human nature transformed,” before a circumstance so extravagant may occur. Palsgraf v. Long Island R. Co., 248 N.Y. 339, 343, 162 N.E. 99 (1929).
It is a sad state of affairs when personal vendettas between two extremely educated individuals lead to this litigation-riddled scenario. This case is ultimately a reminder that the law “does not prohibit everything that is intensely undesirable.” Bennis v. Michigan, 516 U.S. 442, 116 S.Ct. 994, 1002, 134 L.Ed.2d 68 (1996) (Thomas, J. concurring). Our dismissal of the case today does not suggest that the Court sympathizes or condones Diaz-Rivera’s and Rene Labarca’s alleged conduct. This does not mean that Diaz-Rivera and La-barca have come out unscathed from this proceeding. On the contrary, Diaz-Rivera and Labarca have already paid a price, brought about by the filing of this lawsuit and the eleventh-hour description by plaintiff of Diaz-Rivera’s alleged sexually predatory advances towards faculty and students alike and Labarca’s alleged drunken foray.
In view of the above analysis, defendants’ motion for summary judgment (Docket # 52) is hereby GRANTED and the present complaint is DISMISSED. Judgment shall issue accordingly.
SO ORDERED.
. The term “kiting” is borrowed from a white-collar crime term, where a person writes checks from several accounts in different banks, and transfers the same money from bank account to bank account, seeking to outpace the respective banks' check-processing system. Eventually, this "kiting” scheme collapses once the banks detect this “ping-pong” movement of the same amounts from bank to bank.
. Defendants claim that Hernandez-Loring left the Universidad Metropolitana not due to a "hostile work environment," but due to her inability to accommodate her teaching duties with her husband's commitments in the Washington, D.C./Virginia area. According to plaintiff's own witness, Dr. Aida Andino, Hernandez-Loring moved to the Washington/Virginia area after Hernandez-Loring’s marriage to Dr. Claudio Prieto. Moreover, Hernandez-Loring requested and was granted permission by Universidad Metropolitana to commute on the weekends from Puerto Rico to the D.C./Virginia area. (Docket # 58, Reply to Plaintiff's Opposition to Summary Judgment, paragraph 24, Exhibit VI, Deposition of Aida Andino, pp. 11-12; Exhibit VII, Deposition of Sonia Cabanillas, pp. 37-38.);(Docket #51, Pretrial Memorandum, p. 4).
. Wright and Miller explain this issue clearly and concisely, and thus we quote liberally from their text: "An interesting problem is posed when the party moving for summary judgment does so on the basis of a deposition of a nonmoving party that contains matters entitling the movant to judgment, but then the nonmoving party introduces a later-made affidavit contradicting those statements.” The question is whether the court can disregard the affidavit and grant summary judgment, or must refuse to do so because a credibility issue then is posed that must be resolved by the jury. Although some courts have ruled that conflicts between depositions and later-filed affidavits present questions of credibility, precluding summary judgment, several courts have suggested that summary judgment may be granted under those circumstances, or that the affidavit may be disregarded or stricken as sham. The facts of this case compel the Court to adopt the latter view. See Davidson & Jones Dev. Co. v. Elmore Dev. Co., 921 F.2d 1343 (6th Cir.1991) (After party filed motion for summary judgment, thus challenging other party's evidence, nonmoving party may not create factual issue by filing affidavit contradicting earlier deposition testimony); Palmer v. Circuit Court of Cook County, 905 F.Supp. 499 (D.C.Ill.1995) (Unsubstantiated and self-serving testimony in an affidavit that contradicts earlier deposition testimony is not sufficient under the summary-judgment rule to create a genuine issue of material fact, and defeat an otherwise properly supported motion for summary judgment, when there is no other corroborating evidence in the record to support the statement.) Charles A. Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, Federal Practice and Procedure: Civil 3d, S. 2726. p. 448.
. Hernandez-Loring prefaces her affidavit with a disclaimer that "[t]he following statements in make under duress because I feel ashamed and outraged even to think about these incidents and much worse to have to verbalize them.” (Docket #53, Exhibit 1, Par. 16) Notwithstanding plaintiff’s alleged emotional distress, she has not proffered any evidence that she was under any medication or that she was mentally incapacitated either at the time that she testified in the deposition or when she issued her affidavit. Having voluntarily withheld information at her deposition or produced information that is inconsistent with her previous deposition, the Court cannot accept her eleventh-hour proffer to buttress her sexual harassment allegations.
. The term “quid pro quo” literally means "what for what”, or “something for something.” Black’s Law Dictionary (West Publishing Co, 6th Ed. 1990); Random House Unabridged Dictionary (Random House, N.Y. 1993). The Supreme Court recently noted in Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742, 118 S.Ct. 2257, 141 L.Ed.2d 633 (1998) that an employee who refuses the unwelcome and threatening sexual advances of a supervisor, yet suffers no adverse, tangible job consequences, can recover against the employer, if she shows that the sexual advances were sufficiently severe or frequent to create a "hostile work environment.” Furthermore, the Court explained that "when no tangible employment action is taken, a defending employer may raise an affirmative defense to liability or damages, subject to proof by a preponderance of the evidence.” Such defense, added the Court "comprises two necessary elements: (a) that the employer exercised reasonable care to prevent and correct promptly any sexually harassing behavior, (b) that the plaintiff employee unreasonably failed to take advantage of any preventive or corrective opportunities provided by the employer or to avoid harm otherwise.” Id. at 2270. See also Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, 524 U.S. 775, 118 S.Ct. 2275, 141 L.Ed.2d 662 (1998). Even if Hernandez-Loring's allegations had not been stricken off the record, the Court has serious doubts whether her allegations — which essentially comprise three incidents by two separate individuals during a five-year span, as well as a series of vague entreaties by Diaz-Rivera to date Hernandez-Loring — could have been considered of sufficient frequency and severity to establish a colorable claim of "hostile work environment” that would withstand summary judgment.
. Refers to Grigori Efimovich Rasputin (1871-1916), a Siberian peasant monk who was very influential at the court of Czar Nicholas II and Czarina Alexandra. The term "Rasputin” is used to describe any person who exercises great but insidious influence.
| CASELAW |
Although the introduction of disease to the American Indians was an accident, it played a major role in how the Europeans and natives interacted. European efforts to civilize the American Indians resulted in the death of many American Indians as well as their culture. European-manufactured goods also impacted the traditions of the American Indians. A short while after trading commenced, Indians began using theses new goods progressively in their day-to-day lives. It became a problem and affected native tradition when the American Indians began to rely on European goods for their daily needs.
Out of the two personal appeals MLK used, I would say he mainly used pathos. This is because if you can reach the good in people you can truly move them. Dr. King realized this and often exploited it. He was a very good persuader and could twist your emotions at will. This is why his speeches were so powerful and why he’s famous.
Fifth, Andreas Vesalius impacted modern society with his studies in human anatomy. Clearly, various leading figures of the Renaissance have impacted modern society in many ways. PART 1: Michelangelo, Italian Sculptor and Painter Michelangelo impacted modern society with painting,
Jean-Paul Marat was a critical figure in the French Revolution. A physician by trade, he took on prominence through his writings on the conflict in France. His aggressive and violent views influenced the Revolution as it became more radical. Marat’s place in history was cemented by his dramatic assassination that was later portrayed in a famous painting. Within this paper, Marat’s life will be reviewed and his influence on the Revolution examined.
There was a massive change in the understanding of anatomy during the Renaissance. Claudius Galen was a Greek doctor who became the most respected doctor in the Roman Empire. He discovered the importance of understanding the functions of the parts of the body. In Galen 's time the dissections of the human body were forbidden for
When speaking about history of medicine, the first name that pops up is Hippocrates. He changed the form of medicine to the ancient Greeks entirely. One of his vast contributions is the Hippocratic School of medicine. The means and modes has changed in Greece because of his School and its contribution. His achievements were tremendous and he had put so much effort in studies of clinical medicine in which that made him such a historical figure to look up to.
Many Enlightenment writers and thinkers had backgrounds in the sciences and associated scientific advancement with the overthrow of religion and traditional authority in favor of the development of free speech and thought. Science during the Enlightenment greatly valued rational thoughts and was embedded with the Enlightenment ideal of advancement and progress. Science during the Enlightenment established the foundations of modern chemistry. The influence of science also affected the literature during the Enlightenment.
Medicine in Medieval Europe was basic and mainly based on superstition. During this era, medical knowledge was very low, and very ineffective but it gradually became stronger and built up along the way. Medicine in that time included many herbal remedies as well as poor surgeries and links to astrology. Many of these ideas and beliefs soon developed therefore, growing the knowledge.
Introduction Medicine has come a long way. The history of medicine shows how societies have changed and developed their approach to illness and disease. Early medical practices and texts include those of Egypt, Babylon, India, and China. These texts give us an understanding of natural and herbal remedies and have helped us find cures for illness and disease that we do not have a cure for in modern medicine. The Greeks first introduced the concepts of advanced medical ethics.
Similarly, in Exodus Chapter 5, it mentioned that the Lord would strike people with plague or with the sword if they did not respect him or sacrifice to him. Then in Exodus Chapter 9, it mentioned that the Lord would smite the people with pestilence again. They make me think of the great Ancient Roman Plague. I think the stories from the Bible may have influenced the people in this period too.
The government wanted clean teeth, but instead got disease and death. The government wanted us to remain healthy and have fresh teeth with every drink of water, but we got sick and most had died yet they still continued with the fluoride. The people of America are sometimes too naïve to figure out what the government does to us, and some are actually smart enough to stand up to them and call them out on their mistakes. The main cause of death in America, when it comes to disease, is cancer. It ravages the American landscape and takes thousands of lives a year.
The events in Salem were not the first of mass executions of accused witches. The tests in determining if one was a witch were centuries old and based in religion. The explanations for this mass hysteria are mixed. Some scholars blame the strange symptoms and panic on the hallucinogenic effects of ergot poisoning. John Updike theorized in his novel
Washing your food and clean water, using clean clothes and washing your hands before and after everything could make the biggest difference. Having a clean place to stay and teaching them how to properly dispose of rotten or disgusting things. Showing them these methods on how to stay clean and healthy to prevent sickness and even a common cold. The Black Death took out most of Europe’s population and the lasting effects would change how not only the past, but the future as well. The future would be farther advanced then what we are now with the update on what I could for them in the 13th century.
Just as the Wars of Religion could have spawned the witch hunt across the Atlantic Ocean, Stanislav Andreski, as referenced by Jensen, thoroughly argues that the New England Witch hunts were initiated by the syphilitic shock from the 16th to 18th centuries. The scapegoat theory above relies on the idea of an disruption in society to introduce the alienation of groups, which this shock unquestionably does. An epidemic disease would have without doubt instilled fear into the colonists, especially due to their lack of knowledge about as well as the means to treat the disease. Finally, Andreski argues that the “sexual depravity” inherently associated with the spread of sexually transmitted diseases further ties the syphilitic shock to the pursuit of witches. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Weather lore
Weather lore
Self-nomination. Years of skywatching expertise, a stack of my own photos, and the magic of a coffee-fuelled all-nighter (it's been years since I did that) turned out an article I will hope help people plan their day. Comments/criticisms welcome. Denni 07:16, 2004 May 3 (UTC)
* Object - no lead section and odd format. --mav 08:27, 3 May 2004 (UTC)
* Am refactoring to create head. As far as format goes, given the nature of item-discussion writing, it of necessity cannot follow a typical article format. There must be a clear separation between each item-discussion unit, and the only thing I can think of is to reduce the amount of white space. However, this presents a problem in ensuring the graphics remain near the unit they are intended to illustrate. Suggestions welcome. Denni 22:42, 2004 May 3 (UTC)
* Looks better - objection withdrawn. --mav
* Object for now. It is interesting and well-written and it has lots of interesting photographs, but it's overwikified (only wikify stuff that's important to the article) and it could use different sections than it has right now. Let me know once it's changed and I'll reconsider - Change to support, find changes (especially opening section) sufficient. MGM 14:24, May 3, 2004 (UTC)
* There will be some minor section modifications. As it stands, the article has a head, a discussion about what constitutes weather and where it occurs, and true and false weather lore. (Thank you, eloquence.) I've also removed some wikification. Denni 01:01, 2004 May 4 (UTC)
* Support. Beautiful pictures, fascinating content. --Andrew 02:34, May 5, 2004 (UTC)
* Support, for the same reasons as Andrew. ALargeElk 15:58, 5 May 2004 (UTC)
* Support - a lovely piece of art! And interesting too! Zoney 01:26, 7 May 2004 (UTC)
* Support. The pictures are near perfect. Smerdis of Tlön 03:41, 7 May 2004 (UTC)
* Support - An excellent article JoJan 15:13, 7 May 2004 (UTC)
* support. Different, interesting and Great. Great pics. Pedro 01:28, 8 May 2004 (UTC) | WIKI |
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ABSTRACT
<p><it>Abstract</it>—A methodology for partitioning and mapping of arbitrary uniform recurrence equations (UREs) expressed as computation graphs onto a given regular array is proposed. Deriving and based on a set of canonical dependencies together with two models of space projection, we give a general method of parallelization. The method has significant advantages in mapping an arbitrary computation graph onto a given processor array while preserving high efficiency in both communication and computation.</p>
INDEX TERMS
Algorithm transformation, automatic compilation, given-shape and fixed-mesh partitioning, uniform recurrence equation.
CITATION
Graham M. Megson, Xian Chen, "A General Methodology of Partitioning and Mapping for Given Regular Arrays", IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems, vol. 6, no. , pp. 1100-1107, October 1995, doi:10.1109/71.473518
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Page:EB1911 - Volume 25.djvu/607
Rh century were Alberto Lista (1775–1848), whose critical doctrine may be described as a compromise between the ideas of French classicism and those of the romantic school, and Agustín Durán, who made it his special task to restore to honour the old literature of Castile, particularly its romances, which he had studied with ardour, and of which he published highly esteemed collections.
If the struggle between classicists and romanticists continued even after 1830, and continued to divide the literary world into two opposing camps, the new generation—that which occupied the scene from 1840 till about 1868—had other preoccupations. The triumph of the new ideas was assured; what was now being aimed at was the creation of a new literature which should be truly national and no longer a mere echo of that beyond the Pyrenees. To the question whether modern Spain has succeeded in calling into existence such a literature, we may well hesitate to give an affirmative answer. It is true that in every species of composition, the gravest as well as the lightest, it can show works of genuine talent; but many of them are strikingly deficient in originality; all of them either bear unmistakable traces of imitation of foreign models, or show (more or less happily) the imprint of the older literature of the 17th century, to which the historical criticism of Duran and the labours of various other scholars had given a flavour of novelty.
Foreign influence is most clearly marked in the work of Ventura de la Vega (1807–1865), whose relationship to the younger Moratin, and therefore to Moliere, is unmistakable in El Hombre de mundo (1845), a piece written after a long apprenticeship spent in translating French
plays. Among those who endeavoured to revive the dramatic system established by Lope de Vega were Aureliano Fernández-Guerra y Orbe (1816–1804) and Francisco Sanchez de Castro (d. 1878) ; the former in Alonso Cano, and the latter in Hermenegildo, produced examples of ingenious reconstruction, which testified to their scholarship but failed to interest the public permanently. A fusion of early and later methods is discernible in the plays of Adelardo Lopez de Ayala and Tamayo y Baus. Campoamor wrote dramas which, though curious as expressions of a subtle intelligence cast in the form of dialogue, do not lend themselves to presentation, and were probably not intended for the stage. Núñez de Arce in El Haz de leña produced an impressive drama, as well as several plays written in collaboration with Antonio de Hurtado, before he found his true vocation as a lyric poet. The successor of Tamayo y Baus in popular esteem must be sought in José Echegaray, whose earlier plays—such as La Esposa del vengador and En el puño de la espada—are in the romantic style; in his later works he attempts the solution of social problems or the symbolic drama. Such pieces as El Gran Galesto, El Hijo de Don Juan and El Loco dios indicate a careful study of the younger Dumas and Ibsen. During the last few years his popularity has shown signs of waning, and the copious dramatist has translated from the Catalan at least one play by Angel Guimerá. (b. 1847). To Echegaray’s school belong Eugenio Sellés (b. 1844), author of El Nudo gordiano, El Cielo ó el suelo and La Mujer de Loth, and Leopoldo Cano y Masas (b. 1844), whose best productions are La Mariposa, Gloria and La Pasionaria, an admirable example of concise and pointed dialogue. Mention must also be made of José Felíu y Codina (1843–1897), a Catalan who wrote two vigorous plays entitled La Dolores and Moría del Carmen; Joaquín Dicenta (b. 1860), whose Juan José showed daring talent; and especially Jacinto Benavente (b. 1866), a dramatist whose mordant vigour and knowledge of stage-effect is manifest in La Comida de las fieras and Rosas de otoño. In a lighter vein much success has attended the efforts of Miguel Echegaray (b. 1848), whose buoyant humour is in quaint contrast with his brother’s sepulchral gloom, and Vital Aza (b. 1851) and Ricardo de la Vega (b. 1858) deserve the popularity which they have won, the first by El Seilor Cum and the second by Pepa la frescachona, excellent specimens of humorous contrivance. But the most promising writers for the Spanish stage at the present time are Serafin Alvarez Quintero (b. 1871) and his brother Joaquin (b. 1873), to
whose collaboration are due El Ojito derecho and Abanicos y panderetes, scenes of brilliant fantasy which continue the tradition of witty observation begun by Lope de Rueda.
Rivas, Espronceda and Zorrilla owe more to foreign models than either Campoamor or Núñez de Arce. It is true that Campoamor has been described, most frequently by foreign critics, as a disciple of Heine, and undoubtedly Campoamor suggests to cosmopolitan readers something
of Heine’s concentrated pathos; but he has nothing of Heine’s acrimony, and in fact continued in his own semi-philosophic fashion a national tradition of immemorial antiquity—the tradition of expressing lyrical emotion in four or eight lines which finds its most homely manifestation in the five volumes of Cantos populares españoles edited by Francisco Rodriguez Marín. No less national a poet was Núñez de Arce, in whose verses, though the sentiment and reflection are often commonplace, the workmanship is of irreproachable finish. His best performance is Gritos del combate (1875), a series of impassioned exhortations to concord issued during the civil war which preceded the restoration of the Bourbon dynasty. An ineffectual politician, Nunee de Arce failed in oratory, but produced a permanent political impression with a small volume of songs. He wrote much in the ensuing years, and though he never failed to show himself a true poet he never succeeded in repeating his first great triumph—perhaps because it needed a great national crisis to call forth his powers. He found an accomplished follower in Emilio Perez Ferrari (b. 1853), whose Pedro Abelardo and Dos cetros y dos almas recall the dignity but not the impeccability of his model. Another pupil in the same school was Jose Velarde (d. 1892), whose best work is collected in Voces del alma, some numbers of which are indications of a dainty and interesting, if not virile, talent, Absorbed by commerce, Vicente Wenceslao Querol (d. 1889) could not afford to improvise in the exuberant manner of his countrymen, and is represented by a single volume of poems as remarkable for their self-restraint as for a deep tenderness which finds expression in the Cartas d Maria and in the poignant stanzas A la muerte de mi hermana Adela. The temptation to sound the pathetic note so thrillingly audible in Querol’s subdued harmonies proved irresistible to Federico Balart (1831–1905) critic and humorist of repute who late in life astonished and moved the public with a volume of verse entitled Dolores, a sequence of elegiacs which bear a slight formal resemblance to In Memoriam; but the writer’s sincerity was doubtful, and in Horizontes the absence of genuine feeling degenerated into fluent fancy and agreeable prettiness. A more powerful and interesting personality was Joaquin Maria Bartrina (1850–1880) who endeavoured to transplant the pessimistic spirit of Leconte de Lisle to Spanish soil. Bartrina’s crude materialism is antipathetic; he is wholly wanting in the stately impassability of his exemplar, and his form is defective; but he has force, sincerity and courage, and the best verses in Algo (1876) are not easily forgotten. The Andantes y allegros and Cromos y acuarelas of Manuel Reina (1856–1905) have a delightful Andalusian effusiveness and metrical elegance, which compensate for some monotony and shallowness of thought. Manuel del Palacio (1832–1907) combined imagination and wit with a technical skill equal to that of the French Parnassians; but he frittered away his various gifts, so that but a few sonnets survive out of his innumerable poems. More akin to the English “Lake poets” was Amos de Escalante y Prieto (1831–1902), better known by his pseudonym of “Juan Garcia,” whose faculty of poetic description, revealed only to the few who had read his verses in the edition privately circulated in 1890, is now generally recognized. The vein of religious sentiment which runs through Escalante’s most characteristic lyrics was also worked by Luis Ramirez Martinez y Guertero (d. 1874), who, under the pseudonym of “Larmig,” wrote verses impregnated with Christian devotion as well as with a sinister melancholy which finally led him to commit suicide. The most interesting of the younger poets are provincials by sympathy or residence, if not by birth. Salvador Rueda (b. 1857), in his | WIKI |
Charles and Diana Are Separating 'Amicably' - NYTimes.com
LONDON, Dec. 9 Buckingham Palace wrote the unhappy ending today to a storybook marriage gone badly wrong, a seven-sentence-long announcement that Charles, the Prince of Wales and heir to the British throne, and Diana, the Princess of Wales, had agreed to separate after 11 years as husband and wife. Prime Minister John Major, who broke the news in a nationally televised appearance before a hushed House of Commons, sought to cushion the blow by emphasizing that the royal couple did not intend to divorce and would continue to carry on their royal and constitutional duties separately as the future King and Queen of England. Monarchy in Upheaval This decision has been reached amicably and they will both continue to participate fully in the upbringing of their children, Mr. Major said, reading from the text. [ Buckingham Palace's text, page A19. ] But historians and students of the royal family said the separation confronted the monarchy with its most serious upheaval since 1936, when King Edward VIII abdicated in order to marry the divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson. Among other things, the arrangement poses difficult questions about how, exactly, the monarchy will function in the future, with the Prince and Princess leading separate lives, inside separate palaces, surrounded by separate and potentially rival courts. Britons Seem Stunned It also raises doubts on a more human level: can the ancient protocols and traditions of the monarchy accommodate the tricky conventions of marriage and family in the 1990's, with the special demands of single parenthood and joint custody? Even trickier, will the royal couple be able to date other people? The sudden announcement seemed to stun many Britons, despite months of intense speculation in British newspapers that the marriage that began in 1981 as a fairy tale come true had devolved into a loveless affair, with the Prince and the Princess living all but separate lives. When the Prince wed the former Lady Diana Spencer in July 1981, their marriage was breathlessly described as the wedding of the century, a spectacle of pomp and pageantry broadcast to millions of viewers around the world. The Princess, in particular, went on to become a beloved icon of the British monarchy, widely admired in Britain and beyond for her coolness and style. Today, even as the announcement was being read in Parliament, Prince Charles, who is 44, and the Princess, 31, were in different parts of Britain. He was visiting an old people's home and addressing a business luncheon north of London; she was visiting a clinic in northeast England. Neither made any remarks referring to the separation. The gravity of today's announcement was underscored by Mr. Major, who is in the midst of preparing for a critical summit meeting of European leaders in Edinburgh this weekend. He was forced to cancel a scheduled afternoon meeting with Jacques Delors, the president of the European Community, in order to read the palace statement to the House of Commons . Both Mr. Major and the palace insisted that the line of succession to the throne was unaffected, and the Prime Minister even told Parliament there was nothing in the decision to prevent the Princess of Wales from someday being crowned as Queen Consort. He said the Prince and Princess only intended to live separately while jointly rearing their two sons, Princes William, 10, and Harry, 8. At the same time, the Church of England issued a statement saying the Prince, as the future King, could preside as head of the church despite the breakup of his marriage. There is no modern precedent for a divorced or separated monarch. George IV was the last British King whose marriage broke up; he left his wife, Caroline of Brunswick, in 1796, a year after they were married. Divorce Is Predicted Harold Brooks-Baker, the publishing director of Burke's Peerage, said he believed today's announcement was only the precursor to the couple's eventual divorce, which he said could pose more difficult questions about Prince Charles's ascension to the throne. While there is no constitutional bar to a divorced prince ascending to the throne, Mr. Brooks-Baker said it would complicate matters by effectively barring Prince Charles from remarrying. In such a situation, I wouldn't be surprised if Charles might decide to renounce the throne himself, in favor of his elder son, William, he said. On street corners, in pubs and in the corridors of Parliament tonight, there was heartfelt expressions of sympathy for Queen Elizabeth II, after a year she herself last month described as her annus horribilis. The announcement today means that all three marriages of her children have broken down. Andrew, the Prince of York, separated from the Duchess of York this year amid a messy public scandal that involved the publication of photographs of the Duchess cavorting topless beside a swimming pool with another man. Princess Anne, the Queen's only daughter, divorced Mark Phillips in the summer. She is scheduled to embark on her second marriage this weekend, when she will wed a naval commander at a private ceremony in the north of England. The queen has a fourth child, Edward, who is not married Queen to Foot Bills Room for Debate asks whether shorefront homeowners should have to open their land to all comers. New York City's top public schools must become more diverse. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Aisa
Aisa or AISA may refer to:
* Aisa (fate), the Homeric Moira or Atropos, one of the three Fates
* Aisa (portion), an Homeric word similar with Moira (part or portion)
* Aísa, a town in Spain
* Aesa, a town of ancient Macedonia
* Aisa (leafhopper), a leafhopper genus in the tribe Erythroneurini
* Aeronáutica Industrial S.A., a Spanish aeronautical company
* Afghanistan Investment Support Agency
* Alabama Independent School Association, which was created to support segregation academies in Alabama
* All India Students Association
* American International School, Abu Dhabi
* American International School of Abuja
* American International School of Algiers
* Association of International Schools in Africa | WIKI |
Talk:Sigmund Freud's views on religion
Lack of differentiation between Freud's views on Judaism and Christianity
It seems strange that there is never any differentiation between Freud's views on Judaism vs. Christianity, as if he regarded all religions in his part of the world as indistinguishable; I read in some personal correspondence at the Freud Museum in Vienna a letter (in English translation) in which he states that "Future of An Illusion" for example was written entirely about Judaism (in my experience people tend to assume it's a critique of Christianity).Historian932 (talk) 05:32, 17 July 2011 (UTC) | WIKI |
Myths about wisdom teeth
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Wisdom teeth will definitely mean I need braces: Whilst the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines state that impaction may be associated with orthodontic problems later in life. However as wisdom teeth develop in the spongy interior cancellous tissue of bone with no firm support, it is unlikely that they can generate sufficient force to move teeth.1-4
We all have wisdom teeth: This is not true, some people may not have any wisdom teeth due to genetics and other may have some if not all 4 wisdom teeth. These teeth may develop and grow eventually erupting into the mouth, though it is entirely normal in some people for these teeth to be present and never erupt into the mouth at all.
Wisdom teeth must be removed ASAP: Again this is not true, wisdom teeth are only removed in the UK if there is a problem such as repeat infection or recommended by an orthodontist for a specific issue. Wisdom teeth generally grow between ages 17-25 but they do not need removing during this time.
You can always feel if you have wisdom teeth: Actually wisdom teeth, if present cannot always be felt under the gum. In some cases, only an X-ray may reveal their presence and it possible for these teeth to erupt painlessly into the mouth.
There is nothing I can do to help with the pain of wisdom teeth: If infected it is important to see your dentist to clean the area and provide further advice. Maintaining good oral hygiene in the area wisdom teeth are erupting is vitally important; this is to stop a build up of food and debris.
In addition to brushing, massaging the affected area by biting on the EZ Teether will apply pressure to the area relieving the pain as well as stimulating saliva flow, which can help to wash away food particles and the associated bacteria. Additionally, saliva contains antibodies, which help to fight infection. More information https://www.ezteether.com/pain-relief-wisdom-teeth/
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# Metrics guide
Drand uses prometheus (opens new window) instrumentation for helping operators monitor and understand the runtime behavior of system.
# Local metrics
The local drand node exposes metrics on an HTTP server listening as specified by the --metrics comamnd line flag. You can view the reported metrics in a browser at http://localhost:<metrics port>/metrics. This page includes
• The default Golang process metrics collected by prometheus
• Statistics on the drand beacon and group behavior
• Statistics on the HTTP public listener request load if enabled.
# Shared group metrics
In addition to the metrics collected within the local node, the drand GRPC group protocol supports re-export and sharing of group metrics between group members. When a local metrics port is specified, metrics shared by other group members can be accessed at http://localhost:<metrics port>/peer/<peer address>/metrics. This will only inlclude the drand beacon statistics shared by the remote peer, and does not include the process or internal health of the node. It is meant to allow better visibility when debugging network issues, and helping operators understand where problems originate.
# Client metrics
The drand client is capable of collecting metrics on the health of the sources of randomness that it is connected to.
For each HTTP endpoint, every 10 seconds, the client sends "heartbeat" requests for the "current" randomness, wherein the requested "current" randomness round is calculated based on the current time and the genenesis time of the drand network. The outcomes of these requests are used to generate the following metrics:
• Heartbeat latency: This is the duration, in milliseconds, between the time when the randomness response was received and the time when it was meant to be produced by the drand nodes (based on the genesis time of the network and the round number). The corresponding Prometheus metric is the gauge client_http_heartbeat_latency. In normal conditions, when the network latency is sub-second, one expects the heartbeat latency to be roughly evenly distributed between 0 and 30 seconds. This is caused by the fact that there are multiple heartbeats during a single round, which lasts 30 seconds, as well as the fact that each request blocks until the randomness becomes available. This metric is implemented in [https://github.com/drand/drand/blob/master/client/http/metric.go#L59].
• Heartbeat success and failure: These are two counters, "success" and "failure", whose Prometheus names are client_http_heartbeat_success and client_http_heartbeat_latency. The success counter is increments after an HTTP request returns a successful response HTTP, otherwise the the failure counter is incremented. This metric is implemented in [https://github.com/drand/drand/blob/master/client/http/metric.go#L50].
In addition, the client maintains a metric on its watch channel for randomness. This channel pushes latest randomness to the client as soon as it is available. The channel is implemented either by connecting to a gossip relay or by polling HTTP endpoints, if a relay is not specified. The relevant metric is:
• Watch latency: This is a Prometheus gauge measuring the duration between when a randomness round was received by the client and the time when it was produced by the drand nodes (as calculated based on round number and genesis time). The metric is implemented in [https://github.com/drand/drand/blob/master/client/metric.go#L37].
All of the above measurements have two significant labels:
• The label http_address identifies the HTTP endpoint that is being queried by the client,
• The label client_id identifies the client itself. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Sadriddin Abdullaev
Sadriddin Abdullaev (born 11 June 1986) is an Uzbekistani professional footballer who plays as a midfielder.
Club career
Abdullaev started his footballing career at Pakhtakor Tashkent. On 25 July 2009, he moved on loan to Changchun Yatai. He played 9 games and scored 2 goals in Season 2009. After the contract with Changchun expired, he returned to Uzbekistan and joined Lokomotiv Tashkent in 2010. At the end of November 2014 he signed a contract with T-Team, club playing in Malaysian Premier League. On 2016, he returned to Lokomotiv Tashkent.
International career
Abdullaev made his debut for Uzbekistan in a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Saudi Arabia in a 0–4 defeat on 22 June 2008.
Club
* Pakhtakor
* Uzbek League: 2005, 2006, 2007
* Uzbek League runner-up: 2008
* Uzbek Cup: 2005, 2006, 2007
* CIS Cup: 2007
* Lokomotiv
* Uzbek League runner-up: 2013, 2014
* Uzbek Cup: 2014 | WIKI |
Filippo Tasso
Filippo Tasso (26 August 1940 – 17 December 2021) was an Italian professional footballer who played as a striker.
He played one season in the Serie A, in 1958–59, when he played three games and scored two games for A.S. Roma. He also played for Roma in the 1958–60 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and scored two goals in their first round matchup against the German club Hannover 96.
Tasso died on 17 December 2021, at the age of 81. | WIKI |
Highspins
From Newton’s gravitational law to electroweak unification, the idea that the complexity of phenomena results from the infinite possibilities of manifestation of a few relatively simple laws has successfully informed theoretical research for decades. Theories based on local symmetries cover the range of known interactions, including electroweak and strong forces as well as Einstein-Hilbert’s gravity, the latter based on the mathematical incarnation of the equivalence principle. The possibility of a complete quantum description of the gravitational force, on the other hand, remains one of the beacons of theoretical investigation.
The project is centered on the study of new, unexpected symmetries that emerge in different approaches aimed at exploring the meaning of gravity in the quantum regime, and is divided into three main strands:
1. The so-called “double copy relations’’ point to the existence of surprising correspondences between interactions of completely different origin and meaning, such as subnuclear forces and gravitation. They show that gravity can be interpreted as the product of two Yang-mills theories, at least in the sense that multiplying two scattering amplitudes in the gauge theory setup reproduces an element of the gravitational S-matrix. These relationships, now fully understood and formalized at tree level, extend to cover a vast range of options including theories with scalar particles only, non-linear sigma models and supersymmetric models, to form a multiplicative table of unexpected correspondences [1]. However, their geometric, off-shell, understanding at the Lagrangian level, which would allow in particular to explore and test both existence and meaning of double copy relations at the level of quantum corrections, is still missing [2].
2. The exploration of the links between infrared properties of gauge theories, scattering amplitudes with emission of zero-mass particles in the “soft’’ limit and asymptotic symmetries for Yang-Mills theories and for gravity [3], as well as for theories including arbitrary spin fields [4,5]. This type of investigation takes up and updates a long tradition of studies on the infrared behavior of QED amplitudes dating back to at least the 1950s. New motivations result in the possibility of associating directly observable quantities (so-called “memory’’ effects) with local transformations and, on a more speculative level, in some conjectures on the potential role of such asymptotic symmetries in determining the fate of information in the process of creation and evaporation of black holes. In addition, there are indications suggesting that asymptotic symmetries may be instrumental in defining and understanding holographic correspondences on asymptotically flat spaces [3]. Moreover, for scattering amplitudes involving string states in the very high energy limit, where the corresponding masses should be negligible, the emergence of asymptotic symmetries for high-spin states should provide useful signatures of the corresponding underlying geometry [4,5].
3. The formulation of high-spin gauge theories, candidates to describe the high-energy limit of String Theory. The known fundamental interactions match the low energy spectrum of String Theory, most of the excitations of which, however, are made up of massive particles of high spin. The latter are crucial in ensuring the soft ultraviolet behavior of string amplitudes, instrumental in candidating String Theory as an ultraviolet completion of General Relativity. On the other hand, the masses of these infinite excitations seem to emerge from a complex symmetry breaking mechanism whose details are not yet understood. Massive resonances of spin greater than one (or greater than ½, in the case of fermions), however, are common in hadronic physics. Conversely, in systems of this type with zero mass, profound difficulties are encountered associated with the corresponding gauge symmetry. It is therefore natural to ask which symmetries (and thus which interactions) can actually regulate the behaviour of massive high spin states at very high energies, how their breaking occurs and what is the meaning of these broken symmetries, and of the corresponding interactions, in terms of geometry [6,7,8]. This line of investigation aims both at clarifying the geometric underpinnings of String Theory and, more generally, at shaping the actual theoretical and phenomenological status of a whole class of possible UV-complete theories of gravity.
References:
• [1] Z. Bern, J.J. Carrasco, M. Chiodaroli, H. Johansson and R.Roiban,“The Duality Between Color and Kinematics and its Applications,” [arXiv:1909.01358 [hep-th]].
• [2] P. Ferrero, “On the Lagrangian formulation of gravity as a double copy of two Yang-Mills theories,” Master Thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore and Università di Pisa, 2018. Supervisor: D. Francia ETD
• [3] A.Strominger, “Lectures on the Infrared Structure of Gravity and Gauge Theory,” Princeton University Press 2018 [arXiv:1703.05448 [hep-th]].
• [4] A. Campoleoni, D. Francia and C.Heissenberg, “On higher-spin supertranslations and superrotations,” JHEP 05 (2017), 120 [arXiv:1703.01351 [hep-th]].
• [5] A. Campoleoni, D. Francia and C. Heissenberg,“Asymptotic Charges at Null Infinity in Any Dimension,” Universe 4 (2018) no.3, 47 [arXiv:1712.09591 [hep-th]].
• [6] X. Bekaert, S. Cnockaert, C. Iazeolla and M. A. Vasiliev,“Nonlinear higher spin theories in various dimensions,” [arXiv:hep-th/0503128 [hep-th]].
• [7] M. Gaberdiel, M. A. Vasiliev (eds) “Higher spin theories and holography’’ J Phys A 46 (2013) 21
• [8] D. Francia, G. Lo Monaco and K. Mkrtchyan, “Cubic interactions of Maxwell-like higher spins,” JHEP 04 (2017), 068 [arXiv:1611.00292 [hep-th]].
Project contact person:
Dario Francia
Collaborations:
• Andrea Campoleoni — Mons U and FNRS
• Pietro Ferrero — Oxford U
• Carlo Heissenberg — Nordita and Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm and Uppsala U
• Karapet Mkrtchyan — Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa
From the Standard Model of Fundamental Interactions to Einstein’s Gravity, our best understanding of the laws underlying physical phenomena is based on the identification of the corresponding symmetries. The challenge posed by quantum gravity requires the exploration of new and richer structures. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
viktor.radovic viktor.radovic - 3 months ago 73
iOS Question
Swift parse JSON with variable types
I have JSON data serialized as NSDictionary type, for instance
{ data = 0; } // "data":"0" (when I see its value in debugger)
or
{ data = 1; } //"data": Int64(1)(when I see its value in debugger)
I m trying to access this data as:
json["data"] as! Int
, but sometimes it cannot be parsed as Integer, because if its 0 it has String value, and I get error:
Could not cast value of type 'NSTaggedPointerString' (0x109b54b90) to 'NSNumber'
What is wrong, and how can I solve this?
Answer
Conditionals to the rescue!
let data: Int = json["data"] as? Int ?? 0
If the the value for the "data" key is missing or "0" the data it will be set to zero. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Welcome to MorphOS-Storage, a webserver dedicated to MorphOS users. ©2016-2023 Meta-MorphOS.org
Description:A script for Odyssey to fix Google services loggin.
Developer/Porter:Andre Siegel
Homepage:https://morph.zone/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=12404&forum=3
Readme:
If anybody still experiences issues with the latest and greatest Odyssey release when logging into Google services, please try using the following file: Google Sign In Fixer
Installation:
1. Unpack the archive.
2. Copy the extracted file to the "Scripts" subfolder of your Odyssey installation.
3. Run Odyssey and open "Windows" and "Scripts..." from the top screen menu.
4. Click on "Add" in the lower left corner and select the newly added file.
Upload Date:Jul 24 2018
Category:Network/Web/OWB scripts
Download:Google_Accounts_Fix.lha
Size:338 B
Downloads:135
Screenshot(s)
Last Comments | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Human behavior
Human behavior is the potential and expressed capacity (mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life. Behavior is driven by genetic and environmental factors that affect an individual. Behavior is also driven, in part, by thoughts and feelings, which provide insight into individual psyche, revealing such things as attitudes and values. Human behavior is shaped by psychological traits, as personality types vary from person to person, producing different actions and behavior.
Social behavior accounts for actions directed at others. It is concerned with the considerable influence of social interaction and culture, as well as ethics, interpersonal relationships, politics, and conflict. Some behaviors are common while others are unusual. The acceptability of behavior depends upon social norms and is regulated by various means of social control. Social norms also condition behavior, whereby humans are pressured into following certain rules and displaying certain behaviors that are deemed acceptable or unacceptable depending on the given society or culture.
Cognitive behavior accounts for actions of obtaining and using knowledge. It is concerned with how information is learned and passed on, as well as creative application of knowledge and personal beliefs such as religion. Physiological behavior accounts for actions to maintain the body. It is concerned with basic bodily functions as well as measures taken to maintain health. Economic behavior accounts for actions regarding the development, organization, and use of materials as well as other forms of work. Ecological behavior accounts for actions involving the ecosystem. It is concerned with how humans interact with other organisms and how the environment shapes human behavior.
Study
Human behavior is studied by the social sciences, which include psychology, sociology, ethology, and their various branches and schools of thought. There are many different facets of human behavior, and no one definition or field study encompasses it in its entirety. The nature versus nurture debate is one of the fundamental divisions in the study of human behavior; this debate considers whether behavior is predominantly affected by genetic or environmental factors. The study of human behavior sometimes receives public attention due to its intersection with cultural issues, including crime, sexuality, and social inequality.
Some natural sciences also place emphasis on human behavior. Neurology and evolutionary biology, study how behavior is controlled by the nervous system and how the human mind evolved, respectively. In other fields, human behavior may be a secondary subject of study when considering how it affects another subject. Outside of formal scientific inquiry, human behavior and the human condition is also a major focus of philosophy and literature. Philosophy of mind considers aspects such as free will, the mind–body problem, and malleability of human behavior.
Human behavior may be evaluated through questionnaires, interviews, and experimental methods. Animal testing may also be used to test behaviors that can then be compared to human behavior. Twin studies are a common method by which human behavior is studied. Twins with identical genomes can be compared to isolate genetic and environmental factors in behavior. Lifestyle, susceptibility to disease, and unhealthy behaviors have been identified to have both genetic and environmental indicators through twin studies.
Social behavior
Human social behavior is the behavior that considers other humans, including communication and cooperation. It is highly complex and structured, based on advanced theory of mind that allows humans to attribute thoughts and actions to one another. Through social behavior, humans have developed society and culture distinct from other animals. Human social behavior is governed by a combination of biological factors that affect all humans and cultural factors that change depending on upbringing and societal norms. Human communication is based heavily on language, typically through speech or writing. Nonverbal communication and paralanguage can modify the meaning of communications by demonstrating ideas and intent through physical and vocal behaviors.
Social norms
Human behavior in a society is governed by social norms. Social norms are unwritten expectations that members of society have for one another. These norms are ingrained in the particular culture that they emerge from, and humans often follow them unconsciously or without deliberation. These norms affect every aspect of life in human society, including decorum, social responsibility, property rights, contractual agreement, morality, justice, and meaning. Many norms facilitate coordination between members of society and prove mutually beneficial, such as norms regarding communication and agreements. Norms are enforced by social pressure, and individuals that violate social norms risk social exclusion.
Systems of ethics are used to guide human behavior to determine what is moral. Humans are distinct from other animals in the use of ethical systems to determine behavior. Ethical behavior is human behavior that takes into consideration how actions will affect others and whether behaviors will be optimal for others. What constitutes ethical behavior is determined by the individual value judgments of the person and the collective social norms regarding right and wrong. Value judgments are intrinsic to people of all cultures, though the specific systems used to evaluate them may vary. These systems may be derived from divine law, natural law, civil authority, reason, or a combination of these and other principles. Altruism is an associated behavior in which humans consider the welfare of others equally or preferentially to their own. While other animals engage in biological altruism, ethical altruism is unique to humans.
Deviance is behavior that violates social norms. As social norms vary between individuals and cultures, the nature and severity of a deviant act is subjective. What is considered deviant by a society may also change over time as new social norms are developed. Deviance is punished by other individuals through social stigma, censure, or violence. Many deviant actions are recognized as crimes and punished through a system of criminal justice. Deviant actions may be punished to prevent harm to others, to maintain a particular worldview and way of life, or to enforce principles of morality and decency. Cultures also attribute positive or negative value to certain physical traits, causing individuals that do not have desirable traits to be seen as deviant.
Interpersonal relationships
Interpersonal relationships can be evaluated by the specific choices and emotions between two individuals, or they can be evaluated by the broader societal context of how such a relationship is expected to function. Relationships are developed through communication, which creates intimacy, expresses emotions, and develops identity. An individual's interpersonal relationships form a social group in which individuals all communicate and socialize with one another, and these social groups are connected by additional relationships. Human social behavior is affected not only by individual relationships, but also by how behaviors in one relationship may affect others. Individuals that actively seek out social interactions are extraverts, and those that do not are introverts.
Romantic love is a significant interpersonal attraction toward another. Its nature varies by culture, but it is often contingent on gender, occurring in conjunction with sexual attraction and being either heterosexual or homosexual. It takes different forms and is associated with many individual emotions. Many cultures place a higher emphasis on romantic love than other forms of interpersonal attraction. Marriage is a union between two people, though whether it is associated with romantic love is dependent on the culture. Individuals that are closely related by consanguinity form a family. There are many variations on family structures that may include parents and children as well as stepchildren or extended relatives. Family units with children emphasize parenting, in which parents engage in a high level of parental investment to protect and instruct children as they develop over a period of time longer than that of most other mammals.
Politics and conflict
When humans make decisions as a group, they engage in politics. Humans have evolved to engage in behaviors of self-interest, but this also includes behaviors that facilitate cooperation rather than conflict in collective settings. Individuals will often form in-group and out-group perceptions, through which individuals cooperate with the in-group and compete with the out-group. This causes behaviors such as unconsciously conforming, passively obeying authority, taking pleasure in the misfortune of opponents, initiating hostility toward out-group members, artificially creating out-groups when none exist, and punishing those that do not comply with the standards of the in-group. These behaviors lead to the creation of political systems that enforce in-group standards and norms.
When humans oppose one another, it creates conflict. It may occur when the involved parties have a disagreement of opinion, when one party obstructs the goals of another, or when parties experience negative emotions such as anger toward one another. Conflicts purely of disagreement are often resolved through communication or negotiation, but incorporation of emotional or obstructive aspects can escalate conflict. Interpersonal conflict is that between specific individuals or groups of individuals. Social conflict is that between different social groups or demographics. This form of conflict often takes place when groups in society are marginalized, do not have the resources they desire, wish to instigate social change, or wish to resist social change. Significant social conflict can cause civil disorder. International conflict is that between nations or governments. It may be solved through diplomacy or war.
Cognitive behavior
Human cognition is distinct from that of other animals. This is derived from biological traits of human cognition, but also from shared knowledge and development passed down culturally. Humans are able to learn from one another due to advanced theory of mind that allows knowledge to be obtained through education. The use of language allows humans to directly pass knowledge to one another. The human brain has neuroplasticity, allowing it to modify its features in response to new experiences. This facilitates learning in humans and leads to behaviors of practice, allowing the development of new skills in individual humans. Behavior carried out over time can be ingrained as a habit, where humans will continue to regularly engage in the behavior without consciously deciding to do so.
Humans engage in reason to make inferences with a limited amount of information. Most human reasoning is done automatically without conscious effort on the part of the individual. Reasoning is carried out by making generalizations from past experiences and applying them to new circumstances. Learned knowledge is acquired to make more accurate inferences about the subject. Deductive reasoning infers conclusions that are true based on logical premises, while inductive reasoning infers what conclusions are likely to be true based on context.
Emotion is a cognitive experience innate to humans. Basic emotions such as joy, distress, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust are common to all cultures, though social norms regarding the expression of emotion may vary. Other emotions come from higher cognition, such as love, guilt, shame, embarrassment, pride, envy, and jealousy. These emotions develop over time rather than instantly and are more strongly influenced by cultural factors. Emotions are influenced by sensory information, such as color and music, and moods of happiness and sadness. Humans typically maintain a standard level of happiness or sadness determined by health and social relationships, though positive and negative events have short-term influences on mood. Humans often seek to improve the moods of one another through consolation, entertainment, and venting. Humans can also self-regulate mood through exercise and meditation.
Creativity is the use of previous ideas or resources to produce something original. It allows for innovation, adaptation to change, learning new information, and novel problem solving. Expression of creativity also supports quality of life. Creativity includes personal creativity, in which a person presents new ideas authentically, but it can also be expanded to social creativity, in which a community or society produces and recognizes ideas collectively. Creativity is applied in typical human life to solve problems as they occur. It also leads humans to carry out art and science. Individuals engaging in advanced creative work typically have specialized knowledge in that field, and humans draw on this knowledge to develop novel ideas. In art, creativity is used to develop new artistic works, such as visual art or music. In science, those with knowledge in a particular scientific field can use trial and error to develop theories that more accurately explain phenomena.
Religious behavior is a set of traditions that are followed based on the teachings of a religious belief system. The nature of religious behavior varies depending on the specific religious traditions. Most religious traditions involve variations of telling myths, practicing rituals, making certain things taboo, adopting symbolism, determining morality, experiencing altered states of consciousness, and believing in supernatural beings. Religious behavior is often demanding and has high time, energy, and material costs, and it conflicts with rational choice models of human behavior, though it does provide community-related benefits. Anthropologists offer competing theories as to why humans adopted religious behavior. Religious behavior is heavily influenced by social factors, and group involvement is significant in the development of an individual's religious behavior. Social structures such as religious organizations or family units allow the sharing and coordination of religious behavior. These social connections reinforce the cognitive behaviors associated with religion, encouraging orthodoxy and commitment. According to a Pew Research Center report, 54% of adults around the world state that religion is very important in their lives as of 2018.
Physiological behavior
Humans undergo many behaviors common to animals to support the processes of the human body. Humans eat food to obtain nutrition. These foods may be chosen for their nutritional value, but they may also be eaten for pleasure. Eating often follows a food preparation process to make it more enjoyable. Humans dispose of excess food through waste. Excrement is often treated as taboo, particularly in developed and urban communities where sanitation is more widely available and excrement has no value as fertilizer. Humans also regularly engage in sleep, based on homeostatic and circadian factors. The circadian rhythm causes humans to require sleep at a regular pattern and is typically calibrated to the day-night cycle and sleep-wake habits. Homeostasis is also be maintained, causing longer sleep longer after periods of sleep deprivation. The human sleep cycle takes place over 90 minutes, and it repeats 3–5 times during normal sleep.
There are also unique behaviors that humans undergo to maintain physical health. Humans have developed medicine to prevent and treat illnesses. In industrialized nations, eating habits that favor better nutrition, hygienic behaviors that promote sanitation, medical treatment to eradicate diseases, and the use of birth control significantly improve human health. Humans can also engage in exercise beyond that required for survival to maintain health. Humans engage in hygiene to limit exposure to dirt and pathogens. Some of these behaviors are adaptive while others are learned. Basic behaviors of disgust evolved as an adaptation to prevent contact with sources of pathogens, resulting in a biological aversion to feces, body fluids, rotten food, and animals that are commonly disease vectors. Personal grooming, disposal of human corpses, use of sewerage, and use of cleaning agents are hygienic behaviors common to most human societies.
Humans reproduce sexually, engaging in sexual intercourse for both reproduction and sexual pleasure. Human reproduction is closely associated with human sexuality and an instinctive desire to procreate, though humans are unique in that they intentionally control the number of offspring that they produce. Humans engage in a large variety of reproductive behaviors relative to other animals, with various mating structures that include forms of monogamy, polygyny, and polyandry. How humans engage in mating behavior is heavily influenced by cultural norms and customs. Unlike most mammals, human women ovulate spontaneously rather than seasonally, with a menstrual cycle that typically lasts 25–35 days.
Humans are bipedal and move by walking. Human walking corresponds to the bipedal gait cycle, which involves alternating heel contact and toe off with the ground and slight elevation and rotation of the pelvis. Balance while walking learned during the first 7–9 years of life, and individual humans develop unique gaits while learning to displace weight, adjust center of mass, and correspond neural control with movement. Humans can achieve higher speed by running. The endurance running hypothesis proposes that humans can outpace most other animals over long distances through running, though human running causes a higher rate of energy exertion. The human body self-regulates through perspiration during periods of exertion, allowing humans more endurance than other animals. The human hand is prehensile and capable of grasping objects and applying force with control over the hand's dexterity and grip strength. This allows the use of complex tools by humans.
Economic behavior
Humans engage in predictable behaviors when considering economic decisions, and these behaviors may or may not be rational. Like all animals, humans make basic decisions through cost–benefit analysis and the risk–return spectrum, though humans are able to contemplate these decisions more thoroughly. Human economic decision making is often reference dependent, in which options are weighed in reference to the status quo rather than absolute gains and losses. Humans are also loss averse, fearing loss rather than seeking gain. Advanced economic behavior developed in humans after the Neolithic Revolution and the development of agriculture. These developments led to a sustainable supply of resources that allowed specialization in more complex societies.
Work
The nature of human work is defined by the complexity of society. The simplest societies are tribes that work primarily for sustenance as hunter-gatherers. In this sense, work is not a distinct activity but a constant that makes up all parts of life, as all members of the society must work consistently to stay alive. More advanced societies developed after the Neolithic Revolution, emphasizing work in agricultural and pastoral settings. In these societies, production is increased, ending the need for constant work and allowing some individuals to specialize and work in areas outside of food-production. This also created non-laborious work, as increasing occupational complexity required some individuals to specialize in technical knowledge and administration. Laborious work in these societies has variously been carried out by slaves, serfs, peasants, and guild craftsmen. The nature of work changed significantly during the Industrial Revolution in which the factory system was developed for use by industrializing nations. In addition to further increasing general quality of life, this development changed the dynamic of work. Under the factory system, workers increasingly collaborate with others, employers serve as authority figures during work hours, and forced labor is largely eradicated. Further changes occur in post-industrial societies where technological advance makes industries obsolete, replacing them with mass production and service industries.
Humans approach work differently based on both physical and personal attributes, and some work with more effectiveness and commitment than others. Some find work to contribute to personal fulfillment, while others work only out of necessity. Work can also serve as an identity, with individuals identifying themselves based on their occupation. Work motivation is complex, both contributing to and subtracting from various human needs. The primary motivation for work is for material gain, which takes the form of money in modern societies. It may also serve to create self-esteem and personal worth, provide activity, gain respect, and express creativity. Modern work is typically categorized as laborious or blue-collar work and non-laborious or white-collar work.
Leisure
Leisure is activity or lack of activity that takes place outside of work. It provides relaxation, entertainment, and improved quality of life for individuals. Engaging in leisure can be beneficial for physical and mental health. It may be used to seek temporary relief from psychological stress, to produce positive emotions, or to facilitate social interaction. Leisure can also facilitate health risks and negative emotions caused by boredom, substance abuse, or high-risk behavior.
Leisure may be defined as serious or casual. Serious leisure behaviors involve non-professional pursuit of arts and sciences, the development of hobbies, or career volunteering in an area of expertise. Casual leisure behaviors provide short-term gratification, but they do not provide long-term gratification or personal identity. These include play, relaxation, casual social interaction, volunteering, passive entertainment, active entertainment, and sensory stimulation. Passive entertainment is typically derived from mass media, which may include written works or digital media. Active entertainment involves games in which individuals participate. Sensory stimulation is immediate gratification from behaviors such as eating or sexual intercourse.
Consumption
Humans operate as consumers that obtain and use goods. All production is ultimately designed for consumption, and consumers adapt their behavior based on the availability of production. Mass consumption began during the Industrial Revolution, caused by the development of new technologies that allowed for increased production. Many factors affect a consumer's decision to purchase goods through trade. They may consider the nature of the product, its associated cost, the convenience of purchase, and the nature of advertising around the product. Cultural factors may influence this decision, as different cultures value different things, and subcultures within these cultures may have distinct priorities as buyers. Social class, including wealth, education, and occupation may affect one's purchasing behavior. A consumer's interpersonal relationships and reference groups may also influence purchasing behavior.
Ecological behavior
Like all living things, humans live in ecosystems and interact with other organisms. Human behavior is affected by the environment in which a human lives, and environments are affected by human habitation. Humans have also developed man-made ecosystems such as urban areas and agricultural land. Geography and landscape ecology determine how humans are distributed within an ecosystem, both naturally and through planned urban morphology.
Humans exercise control over the animals that live within their environment. Domesticated animals are trained and cared for by humans. Humans can develop social and emotional bonds with animals in their care. Pets are kept for companionship within human homes, including dogs and cats that have been bred for domestication over many centuries. Livestock animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, and poultry, are kept on agricultural land to produce animal products. Domesticated animals are also kept in laboratories for animal testing. Non-domesticated animals are sometimes kept in nature reserves and zoos for tourism and conservation.
Causes and factors
Human behavior is influenced by biological and cultural elements. The structure and agency debate considers whether human behavior is predominantly led by individual human impulses or by external structural forces. Behavioral genetics considers how human behavior is affected by inherited traits. Though genes do not guarantee certain behaviors, certain traits can be inherited that make individuals more likely to engage in certain behaviors or express certain personalities. An individual's environment can also affect behavior, often in conjunction with genetic factors. An individual's personality and attitudes affect how behaviors are expressed, formed in conjunction by genetic and environmental factors.
Age
Infants are limited in their ability to interpret their surroundings shortly after birth. Object permanence and understanding of motion typically develop within the first six months of an infant's life, though the specific cognitive processes are not understood. The ability to mentally categorize different concepts and objects that they perceive also develops within the first year. Infants are quickly able to discern their body from their surroundings and often take interest in their own limbs or actions they cause by two months of age. Infants practice imitation of other individuals to engage socially and learn new behaviors. In young infants, this involves imitating facial expressions, and imitation of tool use takes place within the first year. Communication develops over the first year, and infants begin using gestures to communicate intention around nine to ten months of age. Verbal communication develops more gradually, taking form during the second year of age.
Children develop fine motor skills shortly after infancy, in the range of three to six years of age, allowing them to engage in behaviors using the hands and eye–hand coordination and perform basic activities of self sufficiency. Children begin expressing more complex emotions in the three- to six-year-old range, including humor, empathy, and altruism, as well engaging in creativity and inquiry. Aggressive behaviors also become varied at this age as children engage in increased physical aggression before learning to favor diplomacy over aggression. Children at this age can express themselves using language with basic grammar. As children grow older, they develop emotional intelligence. Young children engage in basic social behaviors with peers, typically forming friendships centered on play with individuals of the same age and gender. Behaviors of young children are centered around play, which allows them to practice physical, cognitive, and social behaviors. Basic self-concept first develops as children grow, particularly centered around traits such as gender and ethnicity, and behavior is heavily affected by peers for the first time.
Adolescents undergo changes in behavior caused by puberty and the associated changes in hormone production. Production of testosterone increases sensation seeking and sensitivity to rewards in adolescents as well as aggression and risk-taking in adolescent boys. Production of estradiol causes similar risk-taking behavior among adolescent girls. The new hormones cause changes in emotional processing that allow for close friendships, stronger motivations and intentions, and adolescent sexuality. Adolescents undergo social changes on a large scale, developing a full self-concept and making autonomous decisions independently of adults. They typically become more aware of social norms and social cues than children, causing an increase in self-consciousness and adolescent egocentrism that guides behavior in social settings throughout adolescence.
Culture and environment
Human brains, as with those of all mammals, are neuroplastic. This means that the structure of the brain changes over time as neural pathways are altered in response to the environment. Many behaviors are learned through interaction with others during early development of the brain. Human behavior is distinct from the behavior of other animals in that it is heavily influenced by culture and language. Social learning allows humans to develop new behaviors by following the example of others. Culture is also the guiding influence that defines social norms.
Physiology
Neurotransmitters, hormones, and metabolism are all recognized as biological factors in human behavior.
Physical disabilities can prevent individuals from engaging in typical human behavior or necessitate alternative behaviors. Accommodations and accessibility are often made available for individuals with physical disabilities in developed nations, including health care, assistive technology, and vocational services. Severe disabilities are associated with increased leisure time but also with a lower satisfaction in the quality of leisure time. Productivity and health both commonly undergo long term decline following the onset of a severe disability. Mental disabilities are those that directly affect cognitive and social behavior. Common mental disorders include mood disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and substance dependence. | WIKI |
Based on Neil Gaiman and Terry Pratchett’s comic fantasy novel, the story finally makes it to the screen.
Review: In ‘Good Omens,’ Angel and Demon Try to Save the World
It’s taken a long time for “Good Omens: The Nice and Accurate Prophecies of Agnes Nutter, Witch,” Neil Gaiman and Terry Pratchett’s 1990 end-of-days fantasy novel, to reach the screen. Long enough for Gaiman, then a promising comics writer and Duran Duran biographer, to become an industry: The Amazon Prime Video mini-series “Good Omens,” which debuted Friday, is the third current television show based on his work, with Netflix’s “Lucifer” and Starz’s “American Gods.” | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Wikipedia:Copyright problems/2010 December 24
24 December 2010
SCV for 2010-12-24 [ Edit]
Copyright investigations (manual article tagging)
* Transformation toughening ([ history] · [ last edit]) assumed to be a copyvio per Logger9's CCI, no substantial contributions by other users, and one section has already found to be plagiarized, per the edit history. Chester Markel (talk) 06:32, 24 December 2010 (UTC)
* Phase transformations in solids ([ history] · [ last edit]) assumed to be a copyvio per Logger9's CCI, no substantial contributions by other users. Chester Markel (talk) 20:31, 24 December 2010 (UTC)
* Strength of glass ([ history] · [ last edit]) assumed to be a copyvio per Logger9's CCI, no substantial contributions by other users, and one section has already found to be plagiarized, per the edit history. Chester Markel (talk) 20:38, 24 December 2010 (UTC)
* Joseph Potaskie ([ history] · [ last edit]) Copied and pasted from http://www.apcs.org.au/attachments/Potaski_Article_%20by_%20Des_Cahill.pdf. VWBot (talk) 00:21, 25 December 2010 (UTC)
* Relisting. What was a blatant copyvio hs been removed, but the contributor has now generated some close paraphrasing. I'm going to let this one relist, as I've tagged it accordingly. It is up for AfD, though I am not certain at this point how that will come out. --Moonriddengirl (talk) 20:26, 1 January 2011 (UTC) | WIKI |
Medetera aberrans
Medetera aberrans is a species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Eastern North America. Adults of the species are generally colored a metallic green, with yellow legs. Not much is known about the biology of the species, but adults have frequently been collected from wet grasslands or marshes.
In Bickel (1985)'s revision of the genus Medetera in the Nearctic realm, M. aberrans is included as a member of the aberrans species group. Alternatively, this species group has been treated as a separate genus, Saccopheronta. | WIKI |
Belmont Preparatory High School
Belmont Preparatory High School, or Belmont Prep is a small school located within the Theodore Roosevelt Educational Campus, across the street from Fordham University, in the Belmont section of the Bronx, New York City.
As of the 2014–15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 418 students and 30.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.9:1. There were 323 students (77.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 33 (7.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. | WIKI |
Page:Emily Dickinson Poems - third series (1896).djvu/135
POEMS. 121
��XVII.
A DEW sufficed itself And satisfied a leaf, And felt, ' how vast a destiny ! How trivial is life ! '
The sun went out to work, The day went out to play,
But not again that dew was seen By physiognomy.
Whether by day abducted, Or emptied by the sun
Into the sea, in passing, Eternally unknown.
�� � | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Faragista
The result was redirect to Nigel Farage. j⚛e deckertalk 01:31, 22 October 2014 (UTC)
Faragista
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
PRODED as WP:NOTDICT. One columnist may have uses this term, but I can find no evidence that it has real currency. Ie a non -notable neologism. Not worth redirecting to Nigel Farage imo. TheLongTone (talk) 14:04, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
* The term has been used by more than one journalist. It is used by several national newspapers in the UK and also used by bloggers.Ellwhe (talk) 06:32, 8 October 2014 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of United Kingdom-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 18:18, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Language-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 18:18, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Politics-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 18:18, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
* Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so a clearer consensus may be reached.
* Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, NorthAmerica1000 02:03, 14 October 2014 (UTC)
* Redirect to Nigel Farage. The term is apparently in use, so a redirect could possibly be useful, but WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary—we shouldn't have an article about the term itself. —Granger (talk · contribs) 02:27, 14 October 2014 (UTC)
* Delete. A neologism that fails the guidelines on neologisms; there needs to be secondary sources that talk about the concept not just a sprinkling of usage examples. Dylanfromthenorth (talk) 03:37, 14 October 2014 (UTC)
* Redirect to Farage as per User:Mr. Granger. It doesn't matter about current usage; it needs to show some longevity. As a similar example, I remember 'Cameroon' for someone who supported David Cameron in opposition, and there doesn't appear to be an article on that term (the search only goes to the country article, and there's no disambiguation page), despite it being used quite a bit by the mainstream press, and no doubt bloggers. Similarly, 'Blairite' redirects to Blairism. LS1979 (talk) 09:23, 14 October 2014 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Chisocheton amabilis
Chisocheton amabilis is a tree in the family Meliaceae. It grows up to 17 m tall with a trunk diameter of up to 10 cm. The bark is grey-green. The fragrant flowers are white, sometimes pink-tipped. The fruits are round, pink ripening to bright red, up to 4 cm in diameter. The specific epithet amabilis is from the Latin meaning 'lovely'. Habitat is peatswamp and riparian forests from sea-level to 20 m altitude. C. amabilis is found in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. | WIKI |
User:Mrphishaakinlabi/sandbox
Akinlabi Akinbulumo is a brand strategy expert and a member of the board of directors at the Trellis group of companies.
An ardent follower of the Sun Tzu philosophy Akinlabi constantly driven by the maxim: “The true product of a company, regardless of its resources, is the quality of its thinking.”
Prior to founding Gr8an in 2012, he has been at the helm of developing creative ideas in the Nigerian business and Information tech landscape. In 2006, he joined Nakachi Consulting, a management consulting company where he was a part of the team focused on driving ministry and agency reforms before being reassigned to its sister company. He was instrumental to the establishment of the financial services company, PAYSTAR Limited and was head of the Strategic High Impact Teams before becoming its Business Development Manager in 2008. He moved to Guaranty Trust Bank in 2009 to further his career in brand management and development. At GTBank, he was a critical of the brand management team, which over the period of his stay developed a robust digital engagement platform and the most effective cutting-edge brand communications in the industry.
His discipline as a Chemical Engineering graduate of the University of Technology Minna, has been essential to his drive in ensuring that process flow sits at the heart of his strategy development. Akinlabi’s track record played a key role in earning Gr8an the privilege to start work on big name brands from day one.
He has facilitated a number of Brand development and management sessions and also has co-facilitated seminars on Business development, Leadership, Operational Excellence and Process Re‐Engineering. | WIKI |
The game of baseball is a fast-paced sport that has a lot going on at the same time. It involves teams of nine players competing against each other to win by scoring runs and preventing their opponents from doing the same. In addition to the players, there are training and managing personnel who help guide strategic decisions throughout a game. It’s also important for the players to have a good understanding of the rules of baseball in order to excel at their craft.
The goal of any batter is to hit the ball into fair territory. This can be done by hitting it into the outfield for a home run or bringing a runner that’s already on a base home for a run. There are other ways that a hitter can earn a run, including hitting the ball into the bases or running around all four bases without getting out.
Each team has a pitcher and defensive players who work to prevent the other team from scoring runs. The defensive players try to stop hitters from reaching their bases by recording outs, which means the ball is caught before it reaches a base or any object attached to the ground. They can also prevent runners from advancing past one base by catching the ball or throwing it to a base before the runner gets there, which is called “tagging up.” A double play is when the fielding team completes two force outs on the same play.
A catcher will catch a ball that is thrown to the batting team’s first base. This will stop a runner from advancing to second and allows the player to stay safe on first if they wait for a teammate to hit the ball again. The runner can advance to any other base they want, but they cannot leave their original base until a teammate hits the ball.
While there were several different variations of the game in the 18th century, the New York version eventually won out because it required players to stay on a specific part of the base path while running and created foul territory. This made the game more serious and less a game of chance. It also included a salary for players, which was an important step in making it a legitimate professional game.
The game was a huge hit in the years following the Civil War and grew into a national craze. It was popular among soldiers on both sides of the conflict, and many believe that the game was invented in Cooperstown by Civil War hero Abner Doubleday. While this story has been disproven, it remains a part of the history of baseball. Regardless of its origins, the game remains a great unifier in our nation’s darkest times. It continues to bring people together in the same way that it has since its emergence as a national mania. It also provides an escape from the everyday stresses of life and a vehicle for great entertainment. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Page:Insects - Their Ways and Means of Living.djvu/225
PERIODICAL CICADA
earthly form for that of a winged insect of the upper world and sunshine, though the skins_ ordinarily seen are those of the annual species. The cicada undergoes a striking transformation from the young to the adult, but it does so directly and not by means of an intervening stage, or pupa. "'he young of an insect that transforms directly is termed a n.vmph by most American entomologists. The last nymphal stage is sometimes called a "pupa," but it is not properly so designated. The life of the periodical cicada stirs our imagination as that of no other insect does. For years we do not see the creatures, and then a springtime comes when countless thousands of them issue from the earth, undergo their transformation, and swarm into the trees. Now, for several weeks, the very air seems swayed with the mo- notonous rhythm of their song, while the business of ma- ring and egg-laying goes rapidly on; and soon the twigs of trees and shrubs are everywhere scarred with slits and punctures where the eggs have been inserted. In a few weeks the noisy multitude is gone, but for the rest of the season the trees bear witness to the busy throng that so briefly inhabited them by a spotting of their foliage with masses of brown and dying leaves where the punctured stems have broken in the wind. The young cicadas that hatch from the eggs later in the summer silently drop to the earth and hastily bury themselves beneath the sur- face. Here they lire in solitude, seldom observed by creatures of the upper world, through the long period of their adolescent years, only to enjoy at the end a few brief weeks of life in the open air in the fellowship of their kind. T NYMPHS Of the underground lire of the periodical cicada we still know very little. The fullest account of the history of this species is that given by Dr. C. L. Marlatt in his lSsl
INSECTS | WIKI |
Dargazin County
Dargazin County is in Hamadan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Qorveh-e Dargazin, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 9,540 people in 2,973 households.
History
After the 2016 census, Qorveh-e Darjazin District was separated from Razan County in the establishment of Dargazin County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Qorveh-e Dargazin as its capital. The villages of Karafs and Shahanjarin were elevated to city status.
Administrative divisions
Dargazin County's administrative structure is shown in the following table. | WIKI |
Back to Medical Conditions
Prostate Cancer
Overview
Prostate cancer affects 1 in 5 men in the United States. Men tend to get nervous at the time of their yearly exam, because men over the age of 40 should have a prostate screening exam. Prevention is key in this type of cancer and early detection and treatment can increase the lifespan of men at risk for this disease. This article will help you understand more about prostate cancer, the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis by stage.
Prostate Cancer Symptoms
The symptoms of prostate cancer may not appear until the disease is advanced. When the tumor grows, the symptoms may include:
Reduced urine flow
Trouble starting urine stream
Blood tinged semen
Pelvic discomfort and pain
Pain in the bones
Trouble getting an erection
Symptoms can also mimic those of benign prostatic hyperplasia, so it is important to see your doctor if you have the above symptoms. There are a few simple tests that can help the doctor decide whether your condition is BPH or cancerous.
Screening Methods of Prostate Cancer
Screening Methods of Prostate Cancer
A special mention should be made about screening for prostate cancer. Various screening methods include a digital exam (inserting a physician's finger into the rectum to feel the prostate), and a blood test to measure the level of PSA (a high level can mean cancer, among other possibilities). Various governing bodies have concluded that benefits of screening do not always outweigh the risks because a high level of PSA does not always mean cancer but would subject am otherwise normal individual to invasive, painful, or costly tests.
It’s important to discuss with your doctor if you are a candidate for screening.
What is Prostate Cancer?
To understand prostate cancer, it is first important to understand the prostate gland. The prostate gland is located in the male reproductive tract near the bladder and rectum. Its primary job is to create a fluid that gives sperm nourishment and keeps the semen in a liquid form. The prostate sits in the middle of the urethra and can become enlarged and grow abnormal cells. This can begin with a condition known as, Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN). This usually starts in the 20’s to 30’s and 50 percent of men have these abnormal cells. Another type of condition that causes abnormal cells is called, Proliferative Inflammatory Atrophy (PIA). This is a sign of inflammation to the prostate gland and may possibly turn into cancer cells. Doctors will usually do a biopsy and keep a close eye on the cells to watch for changes.
A side note that there is another prostate condition known as, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) which causes the prostate to become enlarged and cut off the urethra preventing urine form flowing properly. Studies show this is not a cancerous condition and does not cause prostate cancer, but is serious and needs treatment.
Causes of Prostate Cancer
Researchers are still unsure as to what exactly causes prostate cancer. Prostate cancer comes from abnormal cells in the prostate gland that have damaged DNA. This causes overgrowth of cells that do not shed like normal cells do. This causes a mass on the prostate gland that can grow and spread to the rest of the body.
How is Prostate Cancer Diagnosed?
See your doctor yearly for prostate screening exams. Prostate screening exams should be done after the age of 40 for any man that has risk factors and yearly after the age of 50. It may be uncomfortable, but may save your life. If you develop symptoms, see your doctor right away.
Yearly prostate screening tests include:
Digital Rectal Exam -DRE. The doctor will place a finger into the rectum so the prostate gland can be checked for enlargement. They also feel the shape and texture of the gland. Based on this test, it may be decided to run further testing.
Prostate Specific Antigen – PSA. This is a blood test that checks for high levels of this antigen. It can be elevated in a number of different prostate diseases including; BPH, infection, or cancer.
If the doctor suspects cancer, the following tests may be ordered:
Ultrasound Examination. A very small Doppler is placed into the rectum to look at the prostate gland. They can more clearly see the shape and size of the gland.
Biopsy. If your gland looks abnormal, the doctor can take a small sample of cells from the gland with a needle. This will be looked at by a laboratory for abnormal cells.
Prostate Cancer Staging
If you are diagnosed with prostate cancer, the doctor will run more tests to stage the cancer and see how far it has spread. This will help determine the level of treatment you will need. This will include the following tests:
Bone Scan
CT Scan
MRI Scan
PET Scan
Based on the results of these tests, cancer will be assigned on of the following stages:
Stage I. The cancer is still in the prostate and has not spread to any other areas of the body. The cancer isn’t considered aggressive at this stage.
Stage II. The cancer is still confined to the prostate, but the cells are becoming aggressive and growing throughout the gland.
Stage III. The cancer has spread to tissues around the prostate and seminal vesicles.
Stage IV. The cancer has spread to other organs, lymph nodes, and possibly the bones.
Prostate Cancer Treatment
If your prostate cancer is in the early stages, your doctor may opt to “watch and wait.” This means your doctor will follow you closely and monitor blood tests and additional biopsies. During the first stage of prostate cancer, it tends to be slower growing.
If cancer is found at Stage II or beyond the treatments are as follows:
Radiation Treatments. They will use high powered radiation either directed at the outside of your body, or on the inside. Here is how the two methods work:
External Radiation. A beam of radiation will be directed at the prostate area. This usually lasts 5 days a week for around six to eight weeks.
Internal Radiation. They will place rice size grains of radiation into your body and they will release the radiation over time. The seeds can be placed directly in the area of the prostate and are not removed once they are done.
Radiation has side-effects that include; pain with urination, diarrhea, pain with bowel movements, trouble having an erection, and increased urination.
Hormone Treatments. Testosterone directly affects prostate cancer cells and increases their growth. Hormone treatments block the production of testosterone. There are also medications can block the effects of testosterone on the cancer cells. The doctor can also surgically remove the testicles to stop them from producing testosterone. This type of treatment only slows cancer growth and is most often used with other cancer treatments as a combination therapy.
Side-effects include; trouble getting an erection, weight gain, reduced bone mass, and low libido (sex drive).
Prostate Surgery. The doctor removes the prostate, any tissue that may be affected around the prostate gland, and lymph nodes in the area. This can either be done with open surgery or laparoscopically.
Side-effects may include; erectile dysfunction and trouble urinating.
Cryosurgery. This is a minor surgery where the doctor places thin needles into the prostate gland. Then cold gases are sent through the needles to freeze any cancerous tissue. This is usually done only when radiation treatments do not work.
Chemotherapy. When prostate cancer spreads throughout the body and there is no response to other treatments, doctors may suggest chemotherapy. This sends a medication into the body that can kill off cancer cells anywhere they spread. It can be given either intravenously or orally.
Side-effects include; hair loss, weight loss, nausea, vomiting and fatigue.
Biological Therapies. These medications increase your immune system to fight off the cancer. The lab will engineer some of your immune cells to make them able to fight off and kill prostate cancer cells and then places them back into your body.
Alternative Treatments for Prostate Cancer
While alternative medicine has not been shown to cure cancer, some people may use alternative medicine as a complimentary therapy to medical treatments. This may help with side-effects of treatment and reducing cancer symptoms. Always speak with your doctor about using alternative medicine. Some herbal therapies can have side-effects and drug interactions that can interfere with medical treatment. A few alternative medicine therapies for prostate cancer include:
Increase Antioxidants. Antioxidants help to cleanse cancer causing free-radicals from the body. Eat more plant based foods like; fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, and get enough vitamin E, vitamin C, and Co-Q10.
Lower Inflammation Levels. Having high levels of inflammation in the body encourages growth of damaged cells and cancer. Reduce foods in the diet that encourage inflammation like; dairy, red meats, processed foods, and wheat.
Curcumin. This comes from turmeric and may have cancer stalling properties.
Maitaike Mushrooms. – These Asian mushrooms may inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Cleanse the Body. Getting toxins out of the body can increase our healing potential. Try a sauna bath or do exercise that makes you sweat. Make sure your bowels are moving properly, and try the following cleansing herbs with your doctor’s okay; Artichoke leaf, milk thistle, and dandelion. These can help the liver work better to remove toxins.
Prostate Cancer Lifestyle Changes
The very good news for prostate cancer is that research shows lifestyle changes can slow the progression of the cancer. While diet and lifestyle changes are not a cure for cancer, there are definite changes in the results of the PSA and biopsies one year from diagnosis. If you have Stage I prostate cancer, lifestyle changes may be the only treatment needed and in later stages can increase positive outcome when used with cancer treatment. Lifestyle changes include:
Dietary Changes. Dietary changes to help fight off prostate cancer includes; soy proteins in place of meats, fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.
Exercise. 30 minutes of exercise and least six days of the week. This needs to be a moderate level of aerobic exercise such as; walking briskly, jogging, rowing, or riding a bicycle.
Reducing Stress. Lowering stress levels can help the body fight cancer. Try meditation, relaxation techniques or incorporate yoga as a form of exercise to increase deep breathing.
Find Support. Studies show that 95% of men who do lifestyle changes plus add a weekly cancer support group, show a steeper drop in the PSA after one year. Support groups help relieve stress by giving you others to talk to that understand your diagnosis. Support groups can be found through your local community health department, church, or local hospital.
For those who have not yet been diagnosed with prostate cancer, lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of getting prostate cancer. This is especially important if you have a family history of the disease.
Bibliography
American Cancer Society. (2015 , August 13). Prostate Cancer Prevention and Early Detection. Retrieved from American Cancer Society: www.m.cancer.org/cancer/prostate cancer
Geo Espinosa, M. L. (2015, August 13). Six Naturopathic Methods to Combat Prostate Cancer. Retrieved from Naturopathic.org: www.naturopathic.org/content.asp?contentid=505
Mayo Clinic. (2015, March 3). Causes of Prostate Cancer. Retrieved from Mayo Clinic: www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prostate-cancer/basics/causes/con-20029597
National Institute of Health. (2015, July 31). Prostate Cancer . Retrieved from National Cancer Institute: www.cancer.gov/types/prostate
National Library of Medicine. (2005 , September 17). Intensive lifestyle changes may affect the progression of prostate cancer. Retrieved from National Institute of Health: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16094059
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Social Media ETF on Fire After String of Earnings Beats - ETF News And Commentary
Social media companies have gained immense popularly in recent years as this corner of the market represents one of the few growth opportunities left for developed market investors.
Internet usage continues to increase in both the U.S. and abroad, while a large share of that time is spent on social media sites.
It seems that the social media trend has reached a new level this earnings season, as most of the companies in the space reported robust results. Though most of these companies saw floundering stock prices last year that hurt the social media space globally, their recent performances are impressive to say the least.
For investors seeking to play this trend in basket form, there are a few options, most notably Global X Social Media Index ETF (SOCL). This product, buoyed by the solid earnings, has surged nearly 16.2% over the trailing one month and over 34% in the year-to-date time frame (read: 6 ETFs Beating the Market Over the Past Year ).
However, despite this solid performance and the in-focus nature of the sector, the fund remains relatively unknown. In fact, the product has only amassed $11 million in assets and sees light volumes on most days.
Given this, it might be worth it to shed some light on this ETF and its holdings for those who are unfamiliar with the product, but are thinking about jumping in on the space. Below, we highlight some of the key details regarding SOCL and how recent earnings have led to this fund's solid run.
SOCL in Focus
The fund tracks the Solactive Social Media Index, which measures the performance of companies involved in the social media industry, including companies that provide social networking, file sharing, and other Web-based media applications (see more in the Zacks ETF Center ).
The ETF holds 27 securities in the basket, charging 65 basis points a year in fees. The product puts more than 74% of assets in the top 10 firms, suggesting heavy concentration and that the top 10 holdings dominate the returns of the fund. In terms of country exposure, U.S. firms take half of the portfolio, closely followed by China (28%) and Japan (13%).
Social Media Earnings in Focus
The torrid run in the SOCL share price was brought by the stellar earnings of Facebook ( FB ) and subsequent surge in its stock price. FB shares soared nearly 50% last month and reached a new 52-week high of $38.31 on July 31. Most significantly, for the first time since its IPO, Facebook succeeded in crossing the psychological barrier of $38.00, the high end of its IPO price range.
The company's focus on improving mobile exposure as well the stellar second quarter earnings helped the shares rebound over the next 5 quarters. FB takes the third spot in the fund's basket with 11.15% share (read: 3 ETFs in Focus on Facebook's Earnings Beat ).
Apart from FB, LinkedIn ( LNKD ), the world's largest professional network company, also reported better-than-expected earnings, beating the Zacks Consensus Estimate. Shares jumped by double digits after the earnings announcement and reached a new high of $237.96 on Aug 2. LNKD shares have more than quadrupled from the IPO price of $45.
This rally is also significant for SOCL as it allocates 10.18% of total assets to LNKD, which occupies the fourth position in the basket.
Further, Yandex ( YNDX ) also contributed to the SOCL upside. The share price of the Russia's top Web search provider has risen nearly 23% over the trailing one month on upbeat earnings and strong revenue guidance. The firm occupies the fifth position in the basket and represents about 6.03% of SOCL (read: Time to Avoid Russia ETFs? ).
Beyond the incredible social media earnings, SOCL also got a boost from Groupon's ( GRPN ) successful turnaround story since the beginning of 2013. The company is undergoing several changes to become more of an e-commerce company, suggesting optimism in the company's growth and investors renewed confidence.
GRPN, one of the fund's top 10 holdings accounting for 5.11% of SOCL, is up more than 79% this year as well. Plus, this firm also reported solid earnings for the most recent quarter, further confirming the trend in the space.
Bottom Line
The impressive social media earnings this season suggest that the space is back on track as the ETF has been up more than the overall market in the past three months and the year-to-date period (read: 2 Sector ETFs Surging This Earnings Season ).
And given the solid guidance that many companies in this space delivered, we could see additional gains in the months ahead too. So, for investors seeking a new play on the tech space, the relatively unloved social media ETF could be the ticket to close out 2013.
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FACEBOOK INC-A (FB): Free Stock Analysis Report
GROUPON INC (GRPN): Free Stock Analysis Report
LINKEDIN CORP-A (LNKD): Free Stock Analysis Report
GLBL-X SOCL MDA (SOCL): ETF Research Reports
YANDEX NV-A (YNDX): Free Stock Analysis Report
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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