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Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain03cham).pdf/330
MOYAERT (Moeijaert), NICOLAAS (Claes), born about 1600, died after 1659. Dutch school; history, landscape, and portrait painter; settled in Amsterdam in 1624, and joined the guild there in 1630. He began as a follower at Rome of Elzheimer, then became a disciple of Rembrandt. His colouring is powerful, and chiaroscuro excellent. In 1638 employed by the magistrates of Amsterdam, when Maria de' Medici visited the city, to paint allegories connected with episodes in her life. Works: Biblical Scene, Procession of Silenus (1624), Mercury and Herse (1624), Hague Museum; Choosing a Bride, Amsterdam Museum; Regent Piece (1640), City Hall, Amsterdam; Calling of St. Matthew (1659), Brunswick Gallery; Bacchanale, Berlin Museum; Silenus, Dresden Gallery; Flight of Cloelia (1640), Hermitage, St. Petersburg; St. John Preaching, Stockholm Museum.—Bode, Studien, 346, 617; Kugler (Crowe), ii. 392; Kramm, iv. 1172; Nagler, Mon., ii. 138; Riegel, Beiträge, ii. 221; De Stuers, 90.
MOYSE, ÉDOUARD, born at Nancy, Nov. 12, 1827. Genre and portrait painter, pupil of Drölling. Medal, 2d class, 1882. Works: Akiba-ben-Joseph, Great Sanhedrim of French Jews convoked by Order of Napoleon I. in 1807 (1868); A Circumcision (1869); Jewish Family insulted by Vagrants (1870); Heretics before the Inquisition at Seville in 1481 (1872); The Connoisseurs, Game of Chess (1875); Hearing of Court of Assizes, Monk in Prayer (1876); At Low Mass (1880); Lesson in Talmud (1881); Rabbies, Old Woman's Head (1882); Theological Discussion (1883); A Question of Jurisprudence (1884); Sermon of the Future (1885).—Bellier, ii. 140.
MOZART, ANTON, flourished in Augsburg about 1595-1624. German school; landscape painter in the manner of Jan Brueghel. Works: Four Elements (1606), Kunstkammer, Berlin; Christ feeding Five Thousand (1624), Augsburg Gallery; Conflagration, Schleissheim Gallery.—Nagler, Mon., i. 382.
MOZART, LAST MOMENTS OF, Michael Munkácsy, Paris. The dying composer having written as his last work a requiem to be sung at his own funeral, rehearsed fragments of this composition with his friends on the day before his death, Dec. 5, 1791. Clothed in a yellow dressing-gown, his legs wrapped in a woollen blanket, he is seated in an arm-chair, and, seen in profile, beats the time for the singers with his right hand, while the left is holding a leaf of the score, which seems to glide from his feeble grasp. Behind him stands his wife, and at his right, half shaded, his little son. The group of singers, wholly absorbed in the immortal work, occupies the left side of the picture, while a third group, standing by the piano in the background, is formed by the friends, who observe the master with mournful disquietude, one of them, leaning upon the instrument, looking with marked sympathy at his face. Painted in 1885-86.—Allgem. K. C., x. 263, 374; Kunst-Chronik, xxi. 443.
MOZIN, CHARLES LOUIS, born in Paris in 1806, died at Trouville, Nov. 7, 1862. Marine and genre painter, pupil of Xavier Leprince. Medals: 2d class, 1831; 1st class, 1837. Works: View of Antwerp, Wreck of Lugger (1833); Fishermen hauling in Nets, Children beside the Somme (1834); Christening a Fishing Smack, Wreck of the Frederic, Drawbridge, The Cooper, Galleries of St. Valéry-sur-Somme (1835); Entrance of Harbour of Fécamp (1836); French Cavalry capturing Dutch Fleet in 1793 (1836), Taking of Isle of Bommel by the French in 1794 (1837), Combat of Aldenhoven (1838), do. of Moucron (1839), Versailles Museum; Shipwreck of the Reliance (1843), Amiens Museum; View on | WIKI |
Talk:2015 24 Hours of Le Mans
Schedule
The schedule, specifically the chart, was removed from this article initially because Wikipedia is not a directory. As the date and time of scrutineering have zero effect on the race, it is irrelevant to need to list a schedule for this part of the event. Likewise, the time of warm-up and even the time of the test session are not relevant to the race. Brief mentions of the date, start time, and length of practice, qualifying, and the race are the key elements and do not justify the existence of the rest of the chart. These can be mentioned quite easily in prose. The359 ( Talk ) 19:36, 23 January 2017 (UTC)
* Table has now been removed from the article. MWright96 (talk) 12:46, 24 January 2017 (UTC) | WIKI |
EIP778 - Ethereum Node Records (ENR)
# Abstract
This EIP defines Ethereum Node Records, an open format for p2p connectivity information.
# Motivation
Ethereum nodes discover each other through the node discovery protocol. The purpose of that protocol is relaying node identity public keys (on the secp256k1 curve), their IP address and two port numbers. No other information can be relayed.
This specification seeks to lift the restrictions of the discovery v4 protocol by defining a flexible format, the node record, for connectivity-related information. Node records can be relayed through a future version of the node discovery protocol. They can also be relayed through arbitrary other mechanisms such as DNS, ENS, a devp2p subprotocol, etc.
Node records improve cryptographic agility and handling of protocol upgrades. A record can contain information about arbitrary transport protocols and public key material associated with them.
Another goal of the new format is to provide authoritative updates of connectivity information. If a node changes its endpoint and publishes a new record, other nodes should be able to determine which record is newer.
# Specification
The components of a node record are:
• signature: cryptographic signature of record contents
• seq: The sequence number, a 64-bit unsigned integer. Nodes should increase the number whenever the record changes and republish the record.
• The remainder of the record consists of arbitrary key/value pairs
A record's signature is made and validated according to an identity scheme. The identity scheme is also responsible for deriving a node's address in the DHT.
The key/value pairs must be sorted by key and must be unique, i.e. any key may be present only once. The keys can technically be any byte sequence, but ASCII text is preferred. Key names in the table below have pre-defined meaning.
Key Value
id name of identity scheme, e.g. "v4"
secp256k1 compressed secp256k1 public key, 33 bytes
ip IPv4 address, 4 bytes
tcp TCP port, big endian integer
udp UDP port, big endian integer
ip6 IPv6 address, 16 bytes
tcp6 IPv6-specific TCP port, big endian integer
udp6 IPv6-specific UDP port, big endian integer
All keys except id are optional, including IP addresses and ports. A record without endpoint information is still valid as long as its signature is valid. If no tcp6 / udp6 port is provided, the tcp / udp port applies to both IP addresses. Declaring the same port number in both tcp, tcp6 or udp, udp6 should be avoided but doesn't render the record invalid.
# RLP Encoding
The canonical encoding of a node record is an RLP list of [signature, seq, k, v, ...]. The maximum encoded size of a node record is 300 bytes. Implementations should reject records larger than this size.
Records are signed and encoded as follows:
content = [seq, k, v, ...]
signature = sign(content)
record = [signature, seq, k, v, ...]
# Text Encoding
The textual form of a node record is the base64 encoding of its RLP representation, prefixed by enr:. Implementations should use the URL-safe base64 alphabet (opens new window) and omit padding characters.
# "v4" Identity Scheme
This specification defines a single identity scheme to be used as the default until other schemes are defined by further EIPs. The "v4" scheme is backwards-compatible with the cryptosystem used by Node Discovery v4.
• To sign record content with this scheme, apply the keccak256 hash function (as used by the EVM) to content, then create a signature of the hash. The resulting 64-byte signature is encoded as the concatenation of the r and s signature values (the recovery ID v is omitted).
• To verify a record, check that the signature was made by the public key in the "secp256k1" key/value pair of the record.
• To derive a node address, take the keccak256 hash of the uncompressed public key.
# Rationale
The format is meant to suit future needs in two ways:
• Adding new key/value pairs: This is always possible and doesn't require implementation consensus. Existing clients will accept any key/value pairs regardless of whether they can interpret their content.
• Adding identity schemes: these need implementation consensus because the network won't accept the signature otherwise. To introduce a new identity scheme, propose an EIP and get it implemented. The scheme can be used as soon as most clients accept it.
The size of a record is limited because records are relayed frequently and may be included in size-constrained protocols such as DNS. A record containing a IPv4 address, when signed using the "v4" scheme occupies roughly 120 bytes, leaving plenty of room for additional metadata.
You might wonder about the need for so many pre-defined keys related to IP addresses and ports. This need arises because residential and mobile network setups often put IPv4 behind NAT while IPv6 traffic—if supported—is directly routed to the same host. Declaring both address types ensures a node is reachable from IPv4-only locations and those supporting both protocols.
# Test Vectors
This is an example record containing the IPv4 address 127.0.0.1 and UDP port 30303. The node ID is a448f24c6d18e575453db13171562b71999873db5b286df957af199ec94617f7.
enr:-IS4QHCYrYZbAKWCBRlAy5zzaDZXJBGkcnh4MHcBFZntXNFrdvJjX04jRzjzCBOonrkTfj499SZuOh8R33Ls8RRcy5wBgmlkgnY0gmlwhH8AAAGJc2VjcDI1NmsxoQPKY0yuDUmstAHYpMa2_oxVtw0RW_QAdpzBQA8yWM0xOIN1ZHCCdl8
1
The record is signed using the "v4" identity scheme using sequence number 1 and this private key:
b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291
1
The RLP structure of the record is:
[
7098ad865b00a582051940cb9cf36836572411a47278783077011599ed5cd16b76f2635f4e234738f30813a89eb9137e3e3df5266e3a1f11df72ecf1145ccb9c,
01,
"id",
"v4",
"ip",
7f000001,
"secp256k1",
03ca634cae0d49acb401d8a4c6b6fe8c55b70d115bf400769cc1400f3258cd3138,
"udp",
765f,
]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
# Copyright
Copyright and related rights waived via CC0 (opens new window).
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metamethod
Noun
* 1) A method belonging to a metatable.
* 2) A theme or principle of methodology (countable); methodology itself (uncountable). | WIKI |
Selecting the Perfect Solar Battery Backup for Your Home
So, you’ve decided to leap solar energy for your home, but now you’re faced with the daunting task of selecting the perfect solar battery backup.
With so many options on the market, it can feel overwhelming to figure out which one is the right fit for your specific needs. But fear not, because with a little guidance, you can navigate through the sea of choices and find the ideal solution that will provide reliable backup power for your home.
But how do you know where to start?
Key Takeaways
• Solar batteries are essential for capturing and storing unused solar power, maximizing efficiency, and making running a home on solar power cheaper than using grid electricity.
• Assessing energy needs accurately is crucial for selecting the right solar panel and battery backup system, considering factors such as energy consumption, peak usage times, and future requirements.
• When comparing battery types and capacities, consider factors such as capacity, depth of discharge, power, efficiency, and charge/discharge cycles, with lithium-ion batteries being commonly used for home solar storage.
• Evaluating battery lifespan, warranty coverage, and inverter compatibility are important factors to consider for seamless integration, optimal system efficiency, and long-term cost-effectiveness.
Summary Of Selecting the Perfect Solar Battery Backup for Your Home
FeatureDescription
Battery CapacityThe ratio of the energy output of the battery to the energy input expressed as a percentage.
Depth of DischargeThe percentage of the battery’s total capacity that can be used before it needs to be recharged.
EfficiencyThe ratio of the energy output of the battery to the energy input is expressed as a percentage.
Cycle LifeThe number of charge and discharge cycles a battery can go through before its capacity significantly degrades.
WarrantyThe duration of the warranty offered by the manufacturer.
CompatibilityWhether the battery is compatible with your existing solar panel system and inverter.
ExpandabilityThe ability to add more batteries to the system in the future for increased storage capacity.
CostThe upfront cost of purchasing and installing the battery.
Size and WeightThe physical dimensions and weight of the battery.
Safety FeaturesAdditional safety features such as overcharge protection, temperature monitoring, and fire resistance.
Monitoring and ControlThe availability of monitoring and control systems to track battery performance and control its operation.
Note: The table provides a general overview of features to consider when selecting a solar battery backup for your home in Australia. It is important to conduct further research and consult with professionals to determine the best option based on your specific needs and requirements.
Understanding Solar Energy Storage
If you’re considering solar energy storage options, understanding how solar batteries capture and store unused solar power is essential for making an informed decision. Solar batteries are at the forefront of technological advancements, maximizing solar battery efficiency to ensure you get the most out of your solar power system.
With the increasing popularity of solar battery installations, it’s important to know that they can make running a home on solar power cheaper than using grid electricity. When looking into battery investment, factors such as payback time, Virtual Power Plant schemes, and impact on feed-in tariff earnings should be taken into consideration.
Different types of solar batteries, including lithium-ion, lead-acid, and flow batteries, are available, each with varying specifications and costs. Government rebate schemes, energy trading systems, and Virtual Power Plants can also make solar batteries economically viable.
solar energy for kids
Assessing Your Home’s Energy Needs
Assessing your home’s energy needs is a crucial step in determining the right solar panel and battery backup system for your specific requirements. To accurately assess your energy needs, follow these steps:
1. Calculate Your Energy Consumption: Start by assessing your daily electricity usage to understand how much energy your home requires. This will give you a baseline for your energy needs and help you determine the right solar panel and battery capacity.
2. Identify Peak Usage Times: It’s essential to identify when your home requires the most energy. Knowing your peak usage times will enable you to select a solar battery backup system that can meet the demands during these periods.
3. Estimate Future Requirements: Account for any potential changes in your energy consumption. Whether you plan to add new appliances, expand your living space, or adopt electric vehicles, estimating future energy requirements will ensure that your solar panel and battery backup system can accommodate your evolving needs.
solar thermal energy
Comparing Battery Types and Capacities
Now that you have a clear understanding of your home’s energy needs, it’s time to explore the various types and capacities of solar batteries available to meet those requirements.
When comparing battery types, it’s crucial to consider factors such as capacity, depth of discharge, power, efficiency, and the total number of charge/discharge cycles.
Lithium-ion batteries, with different available chemistries, are commonly used for home solar storage due to their longevity and energy density. While lead-acid and advanced lead-acid batteries are more affordable, they’re generally less efficient and have a shorter lifespan compared to lithium batteries.
Additionally, there are alternative options such as flow batteries, hybrid ion batteries, molten salt batteries, and graphene supercapacitors, each with their specifications and benefits to weigh against your energy needs and budget.
When comparing battery capacities, it’s important to calculate costs over the entire lifespan of the battery to ensure you’re making a cost-effective choice. Moreover, consider the environmental impact of the different battery types, as some may have greater environmental benefits due to their longevity and recyclability.
Keep in mind that while most solar batteries should last 10 years or more under normal usage, market data for newer generations of batteries is limited, so it’s essential to make an informed decision based on current available information.
Pros and Cons of Solar Energy
Evaluating Battery Lifespan and Warranty
When evaluating solar battery lifespan and warranty, it’s essential to understand the terms and conditions of the warranty to make an informed decision about your investment. As you consider the longevity and warranty of your solar battery backup, keep the following key points in mind:
1. Evaluating Battery Efficiency: Look for batteries with a track record of maintaining efficiency over time. Consider factors such as the depth of discharge and the number of charge cycles the battery can handle. This will give you a good indication of how well the battery will perform over its lifespan.
2. Analyzing Cost Effectiveness: Assess the cost of the battery its expected lifespan and the coverage provided by the warranty. A longer warranty period often indicates a manufacturer’s confidence in the battery’s durability, making it a more cost-effective option in the long run.
3. Understanding Warranty Terms: Pay close attention to the terms and conditions of the warranty, including what it covers, the duration, and any maintenance requirements. Ensure that the warranty aligns with the expected lifespan of the battery to guarantee adequate coverage.
Considering Inverter Compatibility
As you consider the longevity and warranty of your solar battery backup, it’s crucial to ensure that the selected battery is compatible with your inverter for seamless integration and optimal system efficiency.
Evaluating inverter efficiency is essential to maximize the performance of your solar power setup. The compatibility of the battery with your inverter directly impacts the overall system efficiency. It’s important to explore inverter compatibility challenges to ensure that the inverter’s power rating and voltage align with the specifications of the solar battery.
Research and confirm that the solar battery backup you choose is compatible with the type and model of inverter you have installed. This compatibility influences the effectiveness of your solar battery backup and its ability to store and provide energy efficiently.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Size Solar Battery Do I Need for a House?
You’ll want to consider your energy consumption when deciding on battery capacity for your house. Look at your peak usage times and daily electricity needs to figure out the size of the solar battery that’s right for you.
What Size Home Battery Backup Do I Need?
To determine the size of your home battery backup, consider your daily electricity usage and peak times. Look at the battery capacity in kilowatt-hours and factor in power reserve during low sunlight or at night.
How Do I Calculate How Much Battery I Need for My Solar System?
To calculate how much battery you need for your solar system, start with a sizing calculation based on your daily electricity usage and peak usage times. Factor in battery capacity for cloudy days or at night.
How Many Solar Batteries Do I Need for My House?
You’ll need to calculate the battery capacity based on your energy usage. Consider factors like daily electricity needs, peak usage times, and future energy requirements. Understanding grid-tie and off-grid systems is crucial for determining the right number of solar batteries for your home.
Conclusion
In conclusion, selecting the perfect solar battery backup for your home involves considering various factors such as battery capacity, depth of discharge, efficiency, cycle life, warranty, compatibility, expandability, cost, size and weight, safety features, and monitoring and control systems.
It is important to accurately assess your home’s energy needs, compare battery types and capacities, evaluate battery lifespan and warranty, and consider inverter compatibility.
Conducting thorough research and consulting with professionals will help you determine the best option based on your specific requirements. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
JC Penney cuts employee hours after 'expense challenge': NY Post
(Reuters) - Department store operator J.C. Penney Co Inc faced “an expense challenge” in April and in response cut payroll, froze overtime for its employees and took other cost-cutting measures, the New York Post reported, citing an internal memo. The company’s shares were down 8 percent at $8.23 in premarket trading, set to open at their lowest level in more than 2 months. "We have an expense challenge for the month of April and are asking all stores to do their fair share by closely monitoring all expenses," the memo said, the newspaper reported late on Thursday. (nyp.st/1TqFAbA) Both full- and part-time employees had their hours reduced, with those working 25 hours a week typically getting their shifts cut to 10 or 15 hours, the report said. The temporary cost-cutting also included restrictions on the use of corporate credit cards, and markdowns were banned, the report said. J.C. Penney was not immediately available for comment. The company has been working to turn around its business under Chief Executive Marvin Ellison, who came on board in August last year. It said in February it expects to report its first annual profit in five years in 2016. The company is scheduled to report first-quarter results on May 13. Reporting by Sruthi Ramakrishnan in Bengaluru, | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Common Features of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exploring the Brain/Eye Connection and Beyond
Common Features of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exploring the Brain/Eye Connection and Beyond
Gothenburg, Sweden
March 28, 2023
Section Page Hero Image
Description
Common Features of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exploring the Brain/Eye Connection and Beyond
Pre-Symposium Workshop to AD/PD 2023
March 28, 2023
Gothenburg, Sweden
Registration will open soon.
“Use It or Lose It: How Tiny Changes in Energy, Metabolism and Mitochondria Can Lead To Neurodegenerative Disease”
Co-chairs:
• Diane Bovenkamp
• Guojun Bu
• Adriana Di Polo
• Todd Golde
Tuesday, March 28, 2023, 8:30 am - 4:20 pm (Gothenburg, Sweden time zone)
This day-long, CME credit-eligible workshop will provide participants with an understanding of the common and distinct features of neurodegenerative diseases, which include not only those affecting the brain, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and mixed dementia; but also the ocular diseases including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and inherited retinal degenerative diseases. Some of the questions that will be addressed during this fourth pre-symposium workshop, starting from small (Section 1. Mitochondria In Health and Neurodegeneration; Section 2. Glucose and Lipid Metabolism) and ending with a more wholistic (Section 3. System-level Energy Dysfunction and Metabolic Disorders) point of view are:
• Why does the nervous system (including the brain and eyes) have a unique energy demand?
• How can one evaluate metabolic fitness?
• How can only tiny changes in energy, metabolism and/or mitochondria lead to neurodegenerative disease?
• Is there a definite ‘tipping point’ that could be prevented in humans to delay the onset of disease?
• What role do comorbidities, like diabetes and other insulin/energy/metabolism-dysfunction diseases, play in neurodegenerative diseases?
• How can one study this in living humans?
• Are there common elements across these diseases that could give a clue to prevention and future treatments?
(On mobile devices, swipe left to see all of the table columns.)
Time Topics
8:30-8:50 am (Local Gothenburg, Sweden Time Zone)
Welcome and Introduction, Including Workshop General Discussion Primer
Welcome/Introduction: Diane Bovenkamp (BrightFocus Foundation, USA) dbovenkamp@brightfocus.orgDiscussion Primer: Guojun Bu, Adriana Di Polo, Todd Golde
Section 1: Mitochondria In Health and Neurodegeneration
Chair: Adriana Di Polo
(University of Montreal, Canada) adriana.di.polo@umontreal.ca
Mitochondria are essential organelles that regulate multiple processes essential for neuronal function including metabolic balance, intracellular calcium homeostasis, production of reactive oxygen species, and apoptotic signaling. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial defects play a central role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This session will cover new insights into mitochondrial dynamics, trafficking, transmitophagy, and damage as well as novel therapeutic strategies to increase mitochondrial health in eye and brain diseases.
Section 2: Glucose and Lipid Metabolism
Chair: Todd Golde
(Emory University, USA) todd.golde@emory.edu
Individual cell-types in the brain have unique energy requirements and unique roles in meeting the energetic demands placed on the brain. Disruption in cellular cross-talk and cell-autonomous energy occur during the setting of neurodegenerative disease. A more refined disruption of the cellular and intercellular metabolic defects will likely offer new insights into neurodegenerative disease and perhaps illuminate novel therapeutic approaches.
Section 3: System-level Energy Dysfunction and Metabolic Disorders
Chair: Guojun Bu
(USA) (Guojun.Bu@molecularneurodegeneration.org)
Metabolic conditions and diabetes are risk factors for both Alzheimer’s disease and eye diseases. In addition to hypoperfusion restricting blood flow, they also impact brain energy metabolism including insulin signaling and glucose utilization. In this section, the speakers will discuss how brain metabolism and insulin signaling are impaired in these neurodegenerative conditions and how these pathways can be targeted for therapy to treat brain and eye diseases, and to promote healthy brain aging.
AD/PD 2023: Advances in Science and Therapy. March 28 - April 1, 2023 | Gothenburg, Sweden. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Patricia Hynes
Patricia M. Hynes is an American trial lawyer serving the law firm Allen & Overy. She also served as former President of the New York City Bar Association.
Education and career
Patricia M. Hynes attended Queens College and received her Juris Doctor from Fordham University.
Hynes taught Trial Advocacy at Harvard and Fordham Law Schools, and lectured on Securities Law, Class Actions, and Civil RICO. From 2000-2001, she was Chair of the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary. From 2003 to 2006, Hynes served as Chair of the Board of Directors of The Legal Aid Society and oversaw the successful financial restructuring of the Society that saved it from bankruptcy. From 2004 through 2007, Pat was a member of the Departmental Disciplinary Committee of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department.
Patricia Hynes is currently senior counsel at Allen & Overy where she specializes in complex litigation.
Awards
Hynes has received numerous awards recognizing her pro bono work and prominence as a trial lawyer, including:
* 2010: Super Lawyers - Corporate Counsel Edition
* 2010 Chambers USA recognized Pat as "a tough, smart litigator who quickly gets to the crux of the matter"
* 1993-2010: Best Lawyers in America
* 1984-2010: Fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers
* 2008 and 1998: National Law Journal: "50 Most Influential Women Lawyers in America"
* 2007: "The Best Lawyers in America: Annual Guide to Commercial Litigation"
* 2007: Citizens Union of the City of New York Robert F. Wagner, Jr. Award "for her contributions and exemplary leadership in strengthening the civic life of New York City"
* 2001: National Law Journal's "50 Top Women Litigators"
* Fellow of the International Academy of Trial Lawyers
* 1996: "Woman of Power and Influence" award from the New York City chapter of the National Organization for Women
* 1995-2000: Second Circuit Representative on the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary | WIKI |
The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.
wikigene or wiki gene protein drug chemical gene disease author authorship tracking collaborative publishing evolutionary knowledge reputation system wiki2.0 global collaboration genes proteins drugs chemicals diseases compound
Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
Patient discomfort following pectoral defibrillator implantation using conscious sedation.
BACKGROUND: The miniaturization of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) has made pectoral implantation possible. However, postoperative pain following the procedure has not been systematically studied. The aim of the current study was to prospectively assess patient discomfort and identify factors influencing pain perception during follow-up. METHODS: Pain related to device implantation was quantified in 21 consecutive patients (age, 61 +/- 11 years; 17 men and 21 women; 16 of 21 had coronary artery disease; left ventricular ejection fraction, 32% +/- 15%) undergoing pectoral ICD implantation with conscious sedation (fentanyl 118 +/- 72 micrograms midazolam 14 +/- 9 mg). Patients completed the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS, 0-100) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire 24 hours and 1 month postoperatively. Regression analysis was used to define clinical and procedure related variables affecting patient discomfort and frequency of postoperative analgesic use. RESULTS: The mean VAS score was 34 +/- 20 24 hours postoperatively. A single (4.8%) patient described postoperative pain as severe. Pain was reported to be moderate by 10 (47.6%) patients and mild by 10 (47.6%) patients. Intraoperative fentanyl requirement was a predictor of postoperative pain (R = 0.51, P = 0.036), and procedural duration was a strong predictor of postoperative analgesic use (R = 0.75, P < 0.001). Pain at 1 month decreased to a VAS score of 19 +/- 18 (P = 0.002 vs 24 hours) and was rated to be severe, moderate, and mild by 1, 3, and 17 patients, respectively. Late pain was related to a VAS score at 24 hours (R = 0.67, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: (1) Pectoral ICD implantation using conscious sedation is well tolerated. (2) Postoperative discomfort correlates with longer procedural times and larger intraoperative narcotic requirements.[1]
References
1. Patient discomfort following pectoral defibrillator implantation using conscious sedation. Bollmann, A., Marx, A., Sathavorn, C., Mera, F., DeLurgio, D., Walter, P.F., Langberg, J.J. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. (1999) [Pubmed]
WikiGenes - Universities
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Rufus Putnam
Misc comment
I've significantly expanded on this article. I don't know if this is legimate format or not, since its my first article. If you could help, I'd greatly appreciate it. Thanks. Last Pantagruelist 02:49, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
I think the following text is unclear "Putnam was born in Sutton, Massachusetts. Rufus's father died when he was 6 or 7, and he temporarily lived with his paternal grandfather. From Salem, he was a half-brother to Joseph Putnam, the father of Israel Putnam, who became a renowned general during the American Revolution." Who, or what is Salem and who is the "he" mentioned as being half-brother? Rijrunner (talk) 21:58, 8 July 2013 (UTC)
Rearranged order of presentation
The article was initially arranged in the following order: Revolutionary War Early Life and Career Post-War Activities
I found this an odd arrangement, since most Wikipedia biographical articles follow a chronological format. I just cut and pasted the Revolutionary War section and placed it between the other two.
I know that the author may have wished to emphasize the subjects contributions to the Revolutionary War as the most important aspect of his life, but this arrangement was strange. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ber06122 (talk • contribs) 13:53, 27 August 2010 (UTC) | WIKI |
Hungary, Factors to watch, Aug 1
BUDAPEST, Aug 1 (Reuters) - Following is a list of events in Hungary and the region, as well as news stories and press reports which may influence financial markets. (For any queries: Budapest editorial +36 1 327 4745) BUDAPEST - PMI, July (0700) SLOVAKIA - ARDAL to release bonds calendar for 07/16 ROMANIA - Central bank to release July FX reserves data POLAND - PMI, July (0900) CZECH - PMI, July (0930) SLOVAKIA - Budget balance 07/16 (1100) SERBIA - GDP flash (1200) CZECH - Budget balance 07/16 (1400) CZECH - Drinks producer KOFOLA CeskoSlovensko to release H1/16 results (1700) EU’s Juncker sees “great risk” to migrant deal with Turkey -paper European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker is concerned that a deal struck with Turkey in March on handling a wave of migrants bound for Europe could collapse, he told an Austrian newspaper. (Reporting by Gergely Szakacs) | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Ratey Chu
The Ratey Chu is a river in the Indian state of Sikkim that is the main source of water for the state capital, Gangtok. The Ratey Chu emerges from the glacier-fed Tamze lake at an elevation of 12500 ft above sea level. The Ratey Chu is tapped for drinking water at an elevation of 8200 ft. From this tapping point or water supply head work, water is transported 17 km to the Selep Water Treatment Plant site. | WIKI |
Nierstein
Nierstein is a town belonging to the Verbandsgemeinde Rhein-Selz in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Location
Nierstein lies in Rhenish Hesse on the Rhine between Mainz and Worms. In Nierstein the Flügelsbach empties into the Rhine.
Neighbouring municipalities
Nierstein's neighbours are Dexheim, Dienheim, Nackenheim and Oppenheim.
Geology
Around Nierstein Permian deposits (Rotliegend times) crop out in which 290,000,000-year-old animal tracks can be made out.
Above Nierstein lies a hillside vineyard described as a “Red Slope”, made as it is a part of the Rotliegend, which stretches from northern Nackenheim to western Schwabsburg.
History
Two thousand years ago on Nierstein's current site stood a Roman settlement bearing the name Bauconica Nova. In 742, Nierstein had its first documentary mention. The occasion was the donation of a church and a vineyard to the Bistum Würzburg by the Majordomo (mayor of the palace) Carolman son of Charles Martel. The Glöck that was herein mentioned is said to be the oldest vineyard complex mentioned in a document in Germany. In 1451, vineyards owned by the Counts of Katzenelnbogen in der Walpe were mentioned.
Amalgamations
In the Middle Ages the village Sundheim (or "Suntheym") was located south (Old High German sunt = "south") of Nierstein. Today this place lies inside the old centre of Nierstein near to a brook called "Flügelsbach". The street name "Hinter Sundheim" (about: "Behind Sundheim") still reflects this village.
* Sundheim (16th Century)
The name Schwabsburg was transferred from the castle of the same name to the settlement that already existed there then. The castle was held by the Staufer emperors, whose home was in Swabia. In the Middle Ages, the villages of Dexheim, Schwabsburg and Nierstein formed a municipality administered by the Nierstein knightly court. The municipality had Imperial immediacy.
* Schwabsburg (1 July 1970)
After 1400 this place came under the Electorate of the Palatinate lordship and thereby lost its Imperial freedom.
On March 22, 1945 Nierstein was liberated by the 3. U.S. Army under command of General Patton, ending the Nazi-Dictatorship at Nierstein.
Politics
Today is Nierstein part of the State of Mid-Palatinate (Rheinland Pfalz), under its actual Minister of the State Mrs. Malu Dreyer (SPD).
The actual Mayor of the City of Nierstein is Mr. Jochen Schmitt (FWG) since the latest election of 2019.
Town partnerships
* 🇫🇷 Gevrey-Chambertin, Côte-d'Or, France since 1 September 1963
* 🇩🇪 Freyburg, Burgenlandkreis, Saxony-Anhalt
Coat of arms
The municipality's arms might be described thus: Or an eagle displayed sable armed, langued and beaked gules, each side of his neck a mullet of six of the last.
The municipality's earliest known seal dates from 1272 and shows very much what the current arms show, namely the Imperial Eagle. The two mullets (star shapes) serve to differentiate these arms from others, the Imperial Eagle being a reasonably common charge; however, on some later seals, the mullets are dropped. Otherwise, the arms have not undergone many changes since the 13th century.
Museums
The amateur palaeontologists Arnulf Stapf (father) and Harald Stapf (son) show in the Paläontologisches Museum Nierstein, which they themselves built up, rare footprints of insects, amphibians and reptiles from the Permian period, as well as fossils from throughout the world. Since some of the specimens are unique, this institution, which is well worth seeing, is eagerly frequented by international specialists.
Buildings
Municipal core and noble estates: The once Free Imperial Village’s old downtown core is made up of the triad of marketplace, manorial estate and temple estate that Saint Martin’s Evangelical Church, surrounded by a defensive wall, borders, and on whose lands once stood the Frankish administrative centre, the Carolingian royal palace and the Ottonian royal court. Baroque noble estates define the streetscape and recall a mediaeval epoch in Nierstein’s local history when some two dozen noble families lived here as Imperially immediate fiefholders who shaped events by holding the office of Vogt, Schultheiß or Burgmannen, as Schöffen (roughly “lay jurists”) at the knightly court or the ecclesiastical court. The estates were and still are mostly linked together and with the royal court through a branching underground system of defence works. To be stressed from among these are the former noble houses of the Barons of Knebel or Hundt von Saulheim (oldest timber-frame house) as well as those of the families Knebel von Katzenelnbogen and Waldbott von Bassenheim, the Metternich’sche Hof (oldest estate complex), the Haxthäuser Hof (a Baroque manor belonging to the family Haxthausen), the gateway arch and wing of the Schloss von der Leyen and the Dalberg-Herding’sche Schloss (in the house chapel there are wall and ceiling paintings by Jakob Götzenberger in Nazarene style worth seeing ).
Above the municipality, the watchtower is the highest viewpoint in the vineyards. It was built using stones from the old Königsstuhl between Nierstein and Lörzweiler, where in 1024 the conclave of princes elected Conrad II as the first Salian to sit on the German throne. Saint Kilian’s Catholic Church, which can be seen far afield, perched upon a hill rising up at the Rhine valley, defines Nierstein’s skyline, although this is also marred somewhat by a former malthouse’s tall buildings. Plans are, however, afoot to have the old malthouse torn down and the lands redeveloped, thereby also opening the old Dalberg-Herdingsche Schloss on the malthouse’s grounds – or at least the residence’s house chapel, which is worth seeing – back up to visitors.
Sironabad: In 1802 remnants of a roughly 2,000-year-old Celtic-Roman spring sanctuary of goddess Sirona on the municipality’s southern edge near the railway crossing at the former quarry. The Belgian salesman Martin van der Velden leased the lands, had the four springs (two freshwater, two mineral water, of which one had a mineral content comparable to the recognized healing spring on the south slope of the Taunus near Weilbach) housed under a roof in a building shielded against flooding that served as a taproom, and he sold the water in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and even the United Kingdom.
In the digs, besides the Roman spring complex, a votive altar was unearthed. This had been endowed by a Roman officer’s daughter, Julia Frontina, as thanks to the Celtic goddess Sirona and god Grannus (corresponding to the Roman god Apollo) for being healed.
Furthermore, a stone basin was also found with coins that had become sheathed in plaster over the ages. These, however, showed no sign of wear and had apparently been cast into the spring by healed guests. The mintages came from various emperors’ reigns: Domitian (86), Nerva (98), Trajan (100 and 112), Hadrian (118 and 119), Antoninus Pius (145), Gordian III (239-244), Postumus (267) and Marcia Otacilia Severa, Emperor Philip the Arab’s wife. It can therefore be inferred that the Romans were using the springs at least from AD 86 on into the 3rd century.
Near Nierstein on the other side of the Rhine, not far from the Kornsand-Geinsheim linking road, at 49.86972°N, 8.38361°W, is a transmission facility for SWR’s VHF broadcasts consisting of a 138 m-tall guyed steel-lattice mast with a triangular cross-section. This mast was originally part of the Bodenseesender directional antenna at Meßkirch-Rohrdorf, which was dismantled in the 1970s and reassembled in Nierstein in 1981.
Next to the Kornsand Rhine Ferry Crossing is the Kornsand memorial located Kornsandverbrechen. It was established in the respect of five citizens of the City of Nierstein, that have been executed by Nazis on March 21, 1945, only less than 24 hrs. before the Liberation of Nierstein on March 22, 1945 by U.S. troops of the 3. U.S. Army.
Clubs and Associations
Nierstein’s biggest club is Turnverein Nierstein 1901 e.V. (gymnastics) with more than 1,200 members. Worthy of mention is the dance troupe “Magic Fire” (so-called even in German), which in 2005 won not only the title of Rhineland-Palatinate champion but also German champion and European champion in the category Exhibition Dance Character Youth. Likewise successful is the club's first team in the team handball department, who in the 2006/2007 season took the district league championship and thereby advanced to the Verbandsliga.
The community of Nierstein-Schwabsburg offers those interested the opportunity of pursuing hobbies together in a great many clubs.
Particularly worth mentioning here are ''1. FC Schwabsburg 1958 e.V. (association football) – which has put the stress on youth work – Turnverein 1903 Schwabsburg (gymnastics) and Männergesangverein 1884 Schwabsburg'' (men's singing). Even the Nierstein YMCA is strongly represented in youth work and even offers its own sport and music work.
The Historical Association of Nierstein (Geschichtsverein Nierstein e.V.) is beside of the Turnverein the largest Association by members at Nierstein (275 members in June 2020). President is Mr. Hexember, member of the City of Nierstein Parliament (SPD).
Regular events
Each year on the first weekend in August, the Winegrowers’ Festival (Winzerfest) is held. Until a few years ago it was well known beyond the region for an historical “wine village” built on the marketplace in the form of a big castle. In the late 1990s, however, the needed renovation to these buildings was dismissed on financial grounds and the festival's appearance gradually came to resemble other wine festivals in the region with many single wine stands.
On every weekend of the season, but above all on festival weekends, tourist vineyard tours are conducted. As an extra for those on these tours, groups of up to 14 guests are driven by tractor to the vineyards on the “Red Slope”, while being given the opportunity on the way to sample the slope's wine as part of the Weck, Worscht un Woi (“buns, sausage and wine” in Rhine Franconian dialect). According to the traffic regulations (Straßenverkehrsordnung § 21 Abs. 2), these outings are, strictly speaking, forbidden by law as the vehicles involved are not supposed to carry anyone but those employed in agriculture or forestry, and the maximum number is supposed to be 8, not 14. Nevertheless, and the several accidents that have happened in other regions notwithstanding, these tours are tolerated.
On March 21 is the annual wreath laying ceremony at the Kornsand memorial Kornsandverbrechen. It is in the respect of five citizens of the City of Nierstein, that have been executed by Nazis on March 21, 1945.
On March 22 is the annual commemoration at the Rhine-Crossing memorial at Nierstein. The memorial inauguration was in 2017 and it is dedicated to the 249th Combat Engineers Battalion, 3. U. S. Army that crossed the Rhine here on March 22, 1945 at 2200 hrs. Within two weeks more than 60,000 Military Vehicles crossed the Rhine at Nierstein on the way in-to the heart of the Reich. Due to Military experts helped this Operation, known as "Operation Silent Crossing" to end the war in Europe months earlier than the Allied Command (S.H.A.E.F) had planned, saving thousands of lives on both sides.
Yearly events in the wine season
The exact dates are listed here.
* Early May: Maypole festival
* Mid May: wine festival and kermis (church consecration festival, locally known as the Kerb) in the outlying centre of Schwabsburg
* Mid June: wine presentation at the Roter Hang (“Red Slope”) vineyard
* Early July: International Cultural festival
* Early August: Historical Winegrowers’ Festival
* Early September: Nierstein Kerb and wine festival
* Mid September: open-house days at the wineries and wine cellars
Culinary specialities
Wingertsknorze (rye rolls with caraway), Fleischworscht (“meat sausage” similar to bologna), Worschtsupp (“sausage soup”) and Rieslingsupp, Spundekäs and Handkäs mit Musik (two kinds of cheese) are the best known representatives of the regional cooking. Moreover, various wineries offer a comprehensive selection of regional dishes in their Strausswirtschaften.
Winegrowing
Nierstein is characterized to a considerable extent by winegrowing, and with 783 ha of vineyard, of which 75.6% is used for white wine varieties and 24.4% for red, Nierstein is, after Worms (1 490 ha), Rhenish Hesse’s biggest winegrowing centre, and Rhineland-Palatinate's sixth biggest. The municipality is also the local winegrowing region's namesake.
See also:
* Niersteiner Glöck, the oldest appellation in Germany.
* Hipping vineyard of the red slope
* Weingut St. Antony
* Weingut Louis Guntrum, the oldest vineyard at Nierstein.
Tourism
The municipality's second biggest field of economic endeavour is tourism, catering to hikers and cyclists as well as day visitors. The outlying centre of Nierstein-Schwabsburg currently counts 7 hotels and 24 guesthouses (pensions), many of which are housed in renovated wineries.
Transport
Bundesstraße 9 runs through Nierstein and is closed to long-distance trucks in the town. Bundesstraße 420 also begins here. Nierstein lies on the Mainz–Ludwigshafen railway line, and has a centrally located railway station.
Rhine-ferry connection between Nierstein and the Kornsand by the Rheinfähre Landskrone.
Famous people
* Johann Wilhelm Wernher (b. 1767; d. 1827 in Nierstein) was a government councillor, mayor, lawyer, privy councillor and court president, and a winegrower in Nierstein. He was well known as the judge at Schinderhannes’s trial. In 1804 he acquired the Rodensteiner/Haxthäuser Hof and made it into his family seat in Rhenish Hesse. Among Johann Wilhelm Wernher's offspring, many were active in Rhenish-Hessian historical research, particularly in Nierstein and Oppenheim.
Sons and daughters of the town
* Philipp Wilhelm Wernher (b. 12. January 1802 in Nierstein; d. 6. October 1887 in Nierstein), Johann Wilhelm Wernher's son, was a Hessian liberal politician and winegrower, as well as Heinrich von Gagern’s comrade in arms, member of the Hesse-Darmstadt Estates, the Vorparlament (a body convened to prepare for the Frankfurt Parliament), the Frankfurt Parliament and the Erfurt Union Parliament, district councillor in the Oppenheim district and director of the Darmstädter Staatsschuldentilgungskasse (an institution for clearing state debt). He was also member of the Hessian First Chamber.
* D. Theo Sorg, (b. 11. March 1929 in Nierstein), Evangelical clergyman and from 1988 to 1994 Presiding Bishop of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
* Ernst-Günter Brinkmann (b. 1943), Member of the Rhineland-Palatinate Landtag from 1987 to 2006
* Rhenish-Hessian Wine Queens:
* Heike Schmitt, 1977/1978 and also 30th German Wine Queen, 1978/1979
* Lisa Bunn, 2008/2009 | WIKI |
The movement of the American frontier west to the Ohio River coincided with Wheeling’s birth as a city. Wheeling was founded in 1769 with the arrival of the Zane brothers, Ebenezer, Jonathan and Silas. Andrew followed a couple of years later. How the Zane brothers discovered the area is not entirely clear. The Zanes had been captured and later adopted by the Wyandots during the French and Indian War. They may have discovered the area on a hunting trip with their captors or they may have migrated north from their homestead around Moorefield WV. along the McColloch Trace and then explored west along the old Nemacolin Trail.
Settlement on the frontier at this time usually occurred in this fashion. Typically several men of an extended family group would go west and build cabins, clear a couple of acres, and plant a corn crop for each family. That summer they would return home and bring the rest of the family in the fall. The first winter was hard but a least the families would have minimal shelter and a food supply.
The Zane’s peaceful existence was shattered in 1774. Later, Ebenezer, Jonathan and Andrew were present at the first siege of Fort Henry on September 1st, 1777. Andrew would nearly duplicate McColloch’s leap from Wheeling Hill a few hours earlier without the benefit of a horse. All four brothers were present at the second siege of Fort Henry, on September 11th-13th 1782. At the start of that storied fight, Jonathan Zane gave a fire-eating speech that was credited for steeling the resolve of the defenders in the face of overwhelming odds. Notably, Jonathan Zane was considered an Indian fighter and scout of the same caliber as Sam Brady or Lewis Wetzel.
At the close of the Indian Wars Ebenezer and Jonathan Zane blazed a trail through Ohio from Wheeling to Maysville, Kentucky. Ebenezer handled the business and political affairs and Jonathan oversaw the actual road construction. This was the first road through Ohio that opened the state for settlement and they founded a second city, Zanesville, Ohio, that bears their name. Ebenezer and Jonathan Zane would achieve one other distinction their brothers Andrew, Silas, and several other notable frontiersmen would not by dying peacefully at home. (Joe Roxby for Legendary Locals of Wheeling)
— from J. H. Newton, The History of the Panhandle (Wheeling, W.Va. : J.A. Caldwell, 1879.) p. 131-133
As no little interest naturally attaches itself in this locality, to the life and character of this first white men who are known to have descended Wheeling creek to its confluence with the Ohio, and the first to erect a civilized habitation in this entire section, we have devoted considerable research and labor in compiling an accurate history of Ebenezer Zane...
The family is of Danish origin, but at an early day moved to France, thence to England, and toward the close of the seventeenth century, emigrated to America. One branch of it settled in New Jersey, nearly opposite Philadelphia; the other in Virginia. The subject of our notice sprung from this latter branch. He was born on the south branch of the Potomac, in Berkeley county, Virginia, Oct. 7, 1747. The spirit of restless energy, which so distinguished the old Norseman, was not long in exhibiting itself in some of his Virginia descendants.
In December, 1767, Col. Zane, in company with some others, started on an expedition to the Ohio river, but they were compelled to abandon it, on account of the severity of the weather. The next spring, 1768, he removed his family to Red Stone, Old Fort, and in the early fall of 1769, he made a more extended search; he reached the head waters Wheeling creek, descended that stream to its junction with the Ohio, and upon a bright morning in September, 1769, he stood upon the high bank of the Ohio, just above the confluence of Wheeling creek, and gazing upon the widespread landscape of island, hill and river, his enraptured vision comprehended all, and more than realized his most extravagant expectations. The scene before him was one of perfect repose. The morning mist just lifted from the bosom of the calm, clear river, was gliding slowly upward, revealing to the lone pioneer a panorama of unsurpassed loveliness. Not a breath of air disturbed the glittering dew drops which hung upon the forest leaves, but all was the unbroken stillness of nature, save when an occasional feathered songster sent his shrill notes through the echoing vale. But our young adventurer was not the man to look upon such a scene with a painter or poet's eye. He saw at a glance the great advantage of the point, and at once resolved to make there his home. This act showed him to be a man of much judgment and sagacity. At that early day, he saw all the advantages presented by the locality He clearly realized in his mind's eye the prophetic line of Bishop Berkeley; and that some point on the Ohio, near where he stood, must eventually become an important place through the trade and travel of the west. How well that conception has been fulfilled, let the most flourishing city in the state attest.
Building a cabin, and remaining one season on the Ohio, Mr. Zane returned for his family, and having induced a few resolute friends to accompany him, moved west in the 1spring of 1770. Deeming it unsafe to carry his family direct to their new abode, he had left them at Redstone in 1768; and, in company with his brothers, Jonathan and Silas, and two or three others, proceeded to take possession of his rights in the west. He removed his family to Wheeling in the spring of 1770. At that time there was not a permanent Anglo-Saxon settlement from the source to the mouth of the Ohio. The valley of the Mississippi, with its mighty river sweeping through an immensity of space, as little known as when Ponce de Leon sought there for the fountain of perennial life, which was to restore to his veteran limbs the vigor and freshness of youth. Behold it now! Did the magic wand of the magician ever work greater wonders in the kaleidoscope of his mystic art!
With their sturdy arms, the Zanes soon opened a "clearing," letting the sunlight into the heart of the forest, and in due time had the satisfaction of gathering a good crop of corn. Completing his cabin, and making other preparations for the safety of his family, Mr. Zane visited Red stone, and that fall, effected a final removal. With the opening of 1773, came quite a number of settlers from the South-branch and then was permanently formed a settlement which has grown to a city of many thousands.
Mr. Zane married Elizabeth McColloch, sister to the daring borderers, whose services on the frontier was have described in other portions of this volume. She was his junior in age about a year, having been born October 30, 1748. She bore him thirteen children -- Catharine, born June 27, 1748; Ann, born May 27, 1771; Sarah, born February 23, 1773; Noah, October 1, 1774; Rebecca, born October 19, 1776; Noah, born October 23, 1778; John, born April 30, 1780; Samuel, born May 12, 1782; Samuel, born February 26, 1784; Hetty, born October 8, 1786; Daniel, born October 25, 1788; Jesse, born October 5, 1790; Daniel, born August 3, 1792. Of these the first Noah, Samuel and Daniel, died in infancy. Ann, John and Jesse, also died about the time they reached maturity. Nearly all the rest lived to very advanced years.
Of the daughters, Catharine married Capt. Absalom Martin, of the United States Army; Sarah married Capt. John McIntire, and, after his decease, married Rev. David Young, of Zanesville, O.; Rebecca married John Clarke, Esq., and removed to Belmont county, O.; Hetty married Mr. Elijah Woods.
Mrs. Zane was a woman of remarkable character, full of activity, and of indomitable energy. She was equal to every emergency that arose in a life full of startling incident. Her thrift, management, industry, intelligence and untiring labors, were noted characteristics. "She was as brisk as a bee," said one who knew her well, she could turn her hand to anything. She was the surgeon of the neighborhood, becoming quite an adept in the art and was called upon to perform difficult and serious operations. She was also a skillful nurse, and had nerve to undertake the most difficult enterprises when necessity demanded. In 1785, a man named Mills was shot by the Indians while spearing fish at night, some distance above the fort, Rising in the canoe with his torch to throw the light in the right direction, he received a whole volley from a party of Indians on the shore. He was brought to Wheeling, and Mrs. Zane extracted seventeen bullets from his body, cutting them out with a razor as nicely as a surgeon with his delicate instruments. Mills was nursed and cared for by her and a Mrs. Williams, fully recovered, and lived for many years, a monument to the skill and care of these women.
Abram Rogers in his account of the siege of 1777, ascribes very great credit to Mrs. Zane in that affair, not only for her seal, activity and usefulness, but in her encouragement and exhortations to the men engaged in the defense.
Of her generosity, devotion, hospitality and unnumbered charities and good offices to others there is abounding testimony. Her piety was fervid and zealous, but characterized by a true humility. The life she led and the well trained family she left is the highest tribute which can be paid to her character and worth.
The clearing of Col. Zane embraced about ten acres, comprehending that portion of the present city of Wheeling, lying along Main and Market streets, from the brow of the hill to a point above where the suspension bridge crosses. It was girdled on every side by the dark green forest, save on the west, where swept the beautiful river.
Col. Zane's intercourse with the natives having been marked by mildness, courtesy and honorable dealing, his hamlet escaped the fury of the savages, and nothing occurred to mar the pleasure of his western life until the fall of 1777. Having elsewhere noticed in detail the attack on Fort Henry, in September of that year, it will be unnecessary to say more at this time, but pass on to the consideration of our personal history.
Col. Zane received, from time to time, various marks of distinction, from the colonial, state and national governments. He was a disbursing officer under Dunmore, and enjoyed under the commonwealth numerous civil and military distinctions. He always preferred, however, the peace and quietude of his own home to the bustle and pomp of public place. He was as generous as brave; strictly honorable to all men, and most jealous of his own rights. He possessed, in an eminent degree, the constituents of a true gentleman -- the disposition to render unto all their due -- the quick delicate, accurate perception of others' rights and others' claims. His temperament was nervous-bilious -- quick, impetuous, and hard to restrain when excited. He was, in short, a plain, blunt man, rude of speech but true of heart, knowing nothing of formalities, and caring about little else than his family, his friends, and his country.
The personal appearance of Col. Zane was somewhat remarkable: dark complexion, piercing, black eyes, huge brows and prominent nose. Not very tall, but uncommonly active and athletic, he was a match for almost any man in the settlement, and many are the incidents, in wood and field, told of his prowess and his strength. He was a devoted hunter, and spent much of his time in the woods. But few men could out-shoot, and fewer still out-run him. In illustration of his skill with the rifle we will give an incident. About the year 1781 some of the whites in the fort observed an Indian on the island going through certain personal movements for the especial benefit of those within the fort. Col. Zane's attention having been drawn to the indelicate performances, declared he would spoil the sport, and, charging his rifle with an additional ball, patiently waited for the chap to reappear. In a moment his naked body was seen emerging from behind a large sycamore, and commencing anew his performances, Col. Zane drew upon him a practiced aim, and the next instant the native harlequin was seen to go through a peculiar gyration, believed not to have been "in the bills."
Colonel Zane was man of true courage, as is exemplified by his almost single-handed defense of his own dwelling, in the fall of 1782.
The government of the United States, duly appreciating his capacity, energy and influence, employed him by an act of Congress, May, 1796, to open a road from Wheeling to Limestone (Maysville). This duty he performed in the following year, assisted by his brother Jonathan, and his own son-in-law John McIntyre, aided by an Indian guide, Tomepomehala, whose knowledge of the country enabled him to render valuable suggestions. The road was marked through under the eye of Colonel Zane, then committed to his assistants to cut out. As a compensation for the opening of the road, Congress granted Colonel Zane the privilege of locating military warrants upon three sections of land; the first to be at the crossing of the Muskingum, the second at Hock-hocking, and the third at Scioto. Colonel Zane thought of crossing the Muskingum at Duncan's falls, but foreseeing the great value of hydraulic power created by the falls, determined to cross at the point where Zanesville has since been established, and thus secure this important power. The second section was located where Lancaster now stands, and the third on the east side of the Scioto opposite Chillicothe. The first he gave, principally, to his two assistants for services rendered. In addition to these fine possessions, Colonel Zane acquired large bodies of land throughout Western Virginia, by locating patents for those persons whose fear of the Indians deterred them undertaking personally so hazardous an enterprise.
General Richard Butler deemed him an intelligent, cautious, prudent man, as will be seen by reference to his journal of his expedition down the Ohio in the year 1785. General Butler also speaks of Colonel Zane's Island farm opposite the mouth of Wheeling creek. He says it contains about four hundred acres of most excellent land, and is a situation not only of great profit, but real beauty. He says he sells to the amount of 300 per annum of the products of this farm for cash, exclusive of the other advantages by traffic.
A fair idea of Col. Zane's reputation for shrewdness and good judgment may be formed by reading an anecdote related by the writer of a "View of Ohio," which appeared in the American Quarterly Review, of March, 1833, p. 100. He says:
"The Ohio Company had their first choice within this rich and ample domain, but unfortunately selected the poorest tract in its whole compass. An anecdote is told, which, if true, would seem to indicate that their shrewdness, for once, overreached itself. It is said that when the party arrived at Wheeling, on their way to the settlement, they met with Ebenezer Zane, afterward the proprietor of Zanesville, and at that time familiar with the Ohio country. They asked his opinion as to the best place of location, and he, in honest simplicity, named several, either of which would have verified his recommendation. He did not, however, mention the tract about the mouth of the Muskingum. What could be the reason? Possible he had an eye to it himself, and, if so, it must be the best. The party at once took up their line of march, and, without looking further, planted themselves there."
Thus according to this writer, securing the region coveted because Zane had not mentioned it.
Another version is given of Col. Zane's possible influence in fixing the location. General Samuel H. Parsons, one of the Ohio Company's directors, who strongly urged the location between the Muskingum and Scioto, had been appointed by the old congress a commissioner to treat with the Indian tribes of the west, and in the discharge of that duty visited that country in 1785 and 1786. A writer in the North American Review (vol. 47), who states that his information was received direct, General Putnam, says:
"As General Parsons had examined the country immediately about the junction of the Muskingum with the Ohio, he proceeded up the valley of the former that he might have view of the interior. Having gone many miles, he met one of the Zanes, four of which family were among the most noted of the frontier rangers. Zane was probably engaged in salt making at Salt creek, which runs into the Muskingum about ten miles below the present town of Zanesville. Parsons, well knowing that the man he had chanced upon knew, from an acquaintance of fifteen years or more, the whole of what now forms the State of Ohio, asked his advice touching the location for the purchase which the Ohio Company proposed to make. Zane, having pondered the matter, and consulted with some of the old Delaware Indians that lived thereabout, recommended the General to choose either the Miami country or the valley of the Scioto in preference to that which he was then examining. What it was that made Parsons doubt the good faith of the pioneer, we know not; but he came to the conclusion that Zane really preferred the Muskingum to any other point, and wished to purchase it himself when the sales should begin in a few months. This impression did away with what little doubt still remained in his mind; and, returning to the East, he laid his proposal to contract with Congress for all the land along the Ohio, between the seventh range of townships and the Scioto, and running back as might be afterward agreed upon, before the directors of the Company of Associates."
The Rev. Joseph Doddridge, writing of a proposed biography of Col. Zane, says: "This work will be no more than a measure of justice to the memory of a man who held such an important and perilous station as that which fell to the lot of Col. Zane, and who filled that station with so much honor to himself and advantage to our infant country as he did."
Col. Zane's mental endowments were of a high order. His judgment in all matters that came under his notice was remarkably accurate. Whether in affairs of business, or in military exigencies, or in counsel to others, his conclusions were considered so correct that he was constantly referred to in every public and private emergency for his opinion. One of his sons-in-law, many years after his death, spoke of him as one of the wisest men he ever know, though he was so correct as to be almost infallible. He wise advice to Cresap, had it been taken, would doubtless, have saved the border from the Indian war of 1774, and in the last siege of Wheeling his precaution and the admirable conduct of the defense of the garrison without the loss of a man, notwithstanding the skill of the British officer in charge of the besiegers and the overwhelming odds against them.
After a life full of adventure and vicissitude, the subject of our notice died of jaundice in 1811, at the age of sixty-four.
Biographies Index | People of Wheeling Home | Wheeling History Home | OCPL Home | FINEWEB-EDU |
What is DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) ?
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) lets an organization take responsibility for a message that is in transit. The organization is a handler of the message, either as its originator or as an intermediary. Their reputation is the basis for evaluating whether to trust the message for further handling, such as delivery. Technically DKIM provides a method for validating a domain name identity that is associated with a message through cryptographic authentication.
DKIM attaches a new domain name identifier to a message and uses cryptographic techniques to validate authorization for its presence. The identifier is independent of any other identifier in the message, such in the author’s From: field.
Introduction
The first version of DKIM synthesized and enhanced Yahoo!’s DomanKeys and Cisco’s Identified Internet Mail specifications. It was the result of a year-long collaboration among numerous industry players, during 2005, to develop an open-standard e-mail authentication specification. Participants included Alt-N Technologies, AOL, Brandenburg InternetWorking, Cisco, EarthLink, IBM, Microsoft, PGP Corporation, Sendmail, StrongMail Systems, Tumbleweed, VeriSign and Yahoo!. The team produced the initial specification and several implementations. It then submitted the work to the IETF for further enhancement and formal standardization. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Cloudflare HTML Email Form
Hello. I've created a custom website for a small business (more like customized as I used a template from HTML5UP) and I created an email form to forward to a gmail address using PHP. I tested everything in my workstation using XAMPP and it works fine and everything is good to go. But apparently, cloudflare doesn't use PHP and I have been researching on how to forward the email from the HTML form to the gmal. I am using cloudflare as a host and godaddy domain. Here is the test page just in case anybody is wondering: https://bbybloom.pages.dev/# I have not set up the domain from godaddy either but I did go through the process of registering it and added the namespaces in the godaddy domain. I am mostly a backend developer using SQL but I understand how to create websites a little bit and that's how I am able to fully customize the html5up template. Thank you for any help and guidance! edit: Also want to add that the email that the form is getting forwarded to is tied to the domain using google workspaces so the email would be @bbybloom.co
Z
z0rrn16d ago
There are two options. Either you build the thing yourself with Cloudflare Pages Workers in Javascript / Python or you use a service that does the heavy lifting (the service will cost much more if you need to scale). Just search on Google etc. for form backend and you'll find a lot.
L
lckillah16d ago
Awesome was researching it last night and found workers and MailChannels. The python method that you recommended works because I do know python so that would be ideal. I am going to look into it. Thank you! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
In the digital age, the choice between using a desktop or a laptop for your primary computing device is significant. Both bring unique advantages to the table, tailoring to different needs and preferences. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the benefits and drawbacks of each, helping you make an informed decision for your personal or professional computing needs.
Desktop: The Powerhouse
Unmatched Performance
Desktops stand out with their superior performance capabilities. They accommodate larger, more powerful components not constrained by size or thermal limits, like those in laptops. Users can expect faster processors, more RAM, and higher-end graphics cards, making desktops ideal for heavy-duty tasks such as video editing, gaming, and software development.
Upgradeability and Customization
One of the biggest advantages of desktops is their flexibility in upgrades and customization. Users can easily replace or add components such as RAM, storage, and graphics cards to keep up with the latest technology or cater to increased workload requirements. This modularity also allows for building a system that meets specific needs, potentially saving money in the long run.
desktop vs laptop
Laptop: The Portable Solution
Mobility and Convenience
The defining feature of laptops is their portability. Designed for on-the-go use, laptops integrate the computer‘s components into a compact, lightweight form factor. This makes them ideal for individuals who need to work from different locations, students, and professionals who travel frequently. Their all-in-one design means you can carry your entire workstation wherever you go, without needing separate peripherals.
Energy Efficiency
Laptops are designed to be energy-efficient, using less electricity compared to desktops. Their components are optimized for minimal power consumption to extend battery life, making them more environmentally friendly and cost-effective in terms of energy bills. This efficiency does not heavily compromise performance, with many modern laptops capable of competing with desktops on various tasks.
desktop vs laptop
Desktop vs Laptop: The Considerations
Space and Ergonomics
Desktops require a dedicated space and often lead to a more ergonomic setup with customizable chair, desk, and monitor arrangements, reducing the risk of discomfort and strain injuries. On the other hand, laptops offer flexibility in where you work but can promote poor posture due to their compact size, potentially leading to neck, back, and wrist strain without proper workstation adjustments.
Cost and Value for Money
When it comes to cost, desktops generally offer more value for the same price. They boast better performance and longevity due to the ability to update components over time. Laptops, however, often come with a higher price tag for similar specifications due to their portability and compact design. While initial costs might be higher for laptops, they justify this by offering convenience and mobility that desktops can’t match.
Making the Choice: Lifestyle and Needs
Consider Your Computing Needs
Your decision should primarily hinge on your computing needs. For users engaged in high-performance gaming, video editing, or 3D modeling, a desktop might be the ideal choice due to its superior power and upgradeability. Conversely, if you require your computer for general tasks like browsing the web, working on documents, or light photo editing while being mobile, a laptop might be more suitable.
Evaluating Workstyle and Mobility
Consider your work style and need for mobility. If you frequently work from different locations or need to bring your computer to meetings, classrooms, or conferences, the portability of a laptop is invaluable. However, if you work from a home office or prioritize a high-spec system for intensive tasks, a desktop can provide the performance edge and comfort you need.
Looking Towards the Future: Adaptability and Sustainability
Planning for Longevity
Think about longevity and future-proofing. Desktops allow for easier updates to hardware, potentially extending their useful life without needing a complete replacement. Laptops offer less flexibility in upgrades, often limiting changes to storage and RAM, and sometimes not at all. However, advancements in cloud computing and external peripherals can mitigate these limitations to an extent.
Sustainability Considerations
Sustainability matters. Desktops consume more power, but their longevity and component replaceability can contribute to less e-waste. Laptops, while energy-efficient, become whole units of e-waste when they’re beyond repair or upgrade. Choosing a path depends on prioritizing immediate environmental impact or long-term waste reduction.
Considering the Impact of Technology Advancements
Embracing Cutting-Edge Developments
Technological advancements continually reshape the capabilities of both desktops and laptops. Modern laptops now come with solid-state drives (SSDs), high-resolution displays, and multi-core processors that close the gap between them and desktops. With the emergence of cloud computing, the need for large on-board storage and processing power diminishes, as many tasks can be handled on remote servers. This shift is particularly advantageous for laptops, enhancing their status as competent tools for an array of professional demands.
Keeping Pace with Software Evolution
Software evolution plays a crucial role in the choice between desktops and laptops. As software becomes more sophisticated, it often requires more computing resources. Desktops typically handle such demands more effectively with powerful hardware. However, software companies also develop versions optimized for laptops, balancing functionality and resource efficiency. Users must consider the nature of the software they rely on and whether the updates or applications they need are more desktop- or laptop-friendly.
Enhancing Connectivity and Peripheral Integration
Expanding Functionality Through Accessories
The versatility of both desktops and laptops can be greatly expanded through the use of peripherals. Desktop users can set up multiple monitors, advanced sound systems, and specialized input devices to create a highly personalized workstation. Laptop users are not left behind; with docking stations, external hard drives, and portable speakers, they can transform their mobile setup into a more desktop-like environment when at a fixed location. This expansion capacity allows both types of systems to adapt to a broad spectrum of user requirements, blurring the lines of distinction.
The Role of Connectivity
Connectivity is key in today’s interconnected world. Desktops often have an edge with their ability to accommodate more ports and greater connectivity options directly into their chassis. However, the growth of wireless technology enables laptops to connect with a variety of devices without the clutter of cables. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and even cellular connections offer laptop users consistent access to the internet and peripheral devices. The evolving nature of connectivity needs to be factored into the decision-making process when choosing between a desktop and a laptop.
Balancing Pros and Cons
In summary, the choice between a desktop and a laptop depends on balancing their respective pros and cons against your personal or professional needs. Desktops excel in performance, upgradeability, and ergonomic setups but lack the mobility laptops offer. Laptops bring unparalleled convenience and energy efficiency but at the expense of peak performance and customization. Consider your priorities, whether it’s computing power, flexibility, or the need for portability, to make the right decision. In the evolving landscape of digital workstations, understanding the strengths and limitations of each option is key to optimizing your computing experience.
By Iye | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 14.djvu/874
LONDON [HISTORY. they he all law-worth, as they were in Edward the king s days. And I will that each child be his father s heir after his father s days. And I will not suffer that any man do you wrong, God keep you." William Stigand, the bishop of London, was a Norman, and possibly had some influence with the king in obtaining this charter. A wonderful improvement in the appearance of the cities of the country almost immediately followed the advent of the civilizing Norman. Within a few years the whole area of London must have been changed, and handsome buildings arose as if by magic in all parts of the city. Many Normans had settled in London during the reign of Edward the Confessor, but after the Conquest they swarmed in and naturally became the dominant party. In August 1077 occurred a most extensive fire, such a one, says the Chronicle, as "never was before since London was founded." This constant burning of large portions of the city is a marked feature of its early history, and we must remember that, although stone buildings were rising on all sides, these were churches, monasteries, and other public edifices; the ordinary houses remained as before, small wooden structures. The White Tower, the famous keep of the Tower of London, was commenced by Gundulph, bishop of Rochester, about the year 1078. In 1083 the old cathedral of St Paul s was com menced on the site of the church which Ethelbert is said to have founded in 610. But four years afterwards the chronicler tells us " the holy monastery of St Paul, the episcopal see of London, was burnt, and many other monasteries, and the greatest and fairest part of the whole city." In this same year (1087) William the Con queror died. In 1090 a tremendous hurricane passed over London, and blew down six hundred houses and many churches. The Tower was injured, and a portion of thereof of the church of St Mary-le-Bow, Cheapside, was carried off and fell some distance away, being forced into the ground as much as 20 feet, a proof of the badness of the thoroughfares as well as of the force of the wind. William Rufus inherited from his father a love for building, and in the year 1097 he exacted large sums of money from his subjects with the object of carrying on some of the undertakings he had in hand. These were the walling round of the Tower, the rebuilding of London Bridge, which had been almost destroyed by a flood, and the erection of the great work with which his name is most generally associated, Westminster Hall. In 1100 Rufus was slain, and Henry I. was crowned in London. This king granted to the citizens their first real charter, in which he promised to observe the laws of the Confessor and to redress many special grievances ; but he paid little attention to his engagements, and constantly violated the articles of his charter. When Stephen seized the crown on the death of Henry I., he tried successfully to obtain the support of the people of London. He published a charter confirming in general terms the one granted by Henry, and commanding that the good laws of Edward the Confessor should be observed. The citizens, however, did not obtain their rights without paying for them, and in the year 1139 they paid Stephen one hundred marks of silver to enable them to choose their own sheriffs. In this reign the all-power- fulness of the Londoners is brought very prominently forward. Stephen became by the shifting fortune of war a prisoner, and the empress Matilda might, if she had had the wisdom to favour the citizens, have held the throne, which was hers by right of birth. She, however, made them her enemies by delivering up the office of justiciary of London and the sheriffwick to her partisan Geoffrey, earl of Essex, and attempting to reduce the citizens to the enslaved condition of the rest of the country. This made her influential enemies, who soon afterwards replaced Stephen upon the throne. The Norman era closes with the death of Stephen, 1154. We have already alluded to the great number of ecclesiastical foundations which marked the Norman period, and will here note some of the chief of these, to show how completely the new buildings must have changed the whole appearance of London, and raised it from a mean congregation of houses to the rank of a city, having features of considerable architectural merit. The college of St Martin-le-Grand within Aldersgate was founded in the year 1056, and its rights were confirmed by the Conqueror in the second year of his reign. He gave the dean and secular priests more land, and added to their privileges. A nunnery of the Benedictine order, dedicated to St Leonard, near Bromley, was founded in the reign of William the Conqueror by William, bishop of London, for a prioress and nine nuns, and in Stephen s reign Sir William Mountfitchet founded an abbey at Stratford Langton, which was subsequently known as West Ham Priory. In 1082 a convent of monks dedicated to St Saviour was founded at Bermondsey by Alwin Child, a wealthy citizen, and seven years afterwards some Cluniac monks came from France and settled in the new convent, of which one of them was chosen the first prior. In 1094 William Rufus added the manor of Bermondsey to the other benefactions of this fortunate monastery, which became very powerful, and was frequently used as a royal residence. At Clerkenwell two religious houses were established in the year 1100, viz., the Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem and the priory of St Mary for nuns of the Benedictine order. It was said that the number of monasteries built in the reign of Henry I. was so great that almost all the labourers became bricklayers and carpenters, and there was some discontent in con sequence. Matilda or Maud, the wife of Henry I., was much interested in the foundation of these religious houses. She estab lished the priory of Holy Trinity, called Christ Church, which was situated to the north of Aldgate. in 1108, and about 1110 two hospitals, one for lepers at St Giles s-in-the-Fields, and the other for cripples at Cripplegate. The priory of St Bartholomew was founded a few years earlier, and the Benedictine nunnery of St John the Baptist at Halliwell near Shoreditch soon afterwards. The Knights Templars made their first habitation in the neighbour hood of London in 1118, and did not remove from Holborn to Fleet Street until nearly seventy years afterwards. The royal hospital of St Katherine s at the Tower was originally founded by Matilda, wife of King Stephen, and the famous St Stephen s chapel at West minster owes its origin to the king himself. It was, however, rebuilt by Edward II. It will be seen from the above list that a large proportion of these buildings were outside the walls, and this shows how extensive the outskirts of the city had become in Norman times. No doubt many of these religious persons sought out somewhat quiet neighbourhoods, but around each of them would naturally grow up villages formed by those who were chiefly dependent upon the monks and nuns. PLANTAGENET (1154-1485). Henry II. appears to have been to a certain extent prejudiced against the citizens of London on account of their attitude towards his mother, and he treated them with some severity. On several occasions he exacted large sums from the city, which, although they were euphemistically styled dona, can not be considered as free gifts. The severity appears to have been necessary, and was attended with good results. The streets were in a most dangerous condition at night, and bands of a hundred and more would sally forth to rob the houses of the wealthy. In 1175 some of these men were taken prisoners, and one of them wns found to be a citizen of good credit and considerable wealth named "John the Olde." He offered the king five hundred marks for his life, but Henry was inflexible, and after the man had been hanged the city became more quiet. In 1176 the rebuilding of London Bridge with stone was commenced by Peter of Cole- church. This was the bridge which after much subsequent tinker ing was pulled down early in the present century. It consisted of twenty stone arches and a drawbridge. There was a gatehouse at each end and a chapel or crypt in the centre, dedicated to St Thomas of Canterbury, in which Peter of Colechurch the architect was buried in 1205. In 1184 the Knights Templars removed from Holborn to the New Temple in Fleet Street, and in the following year the beautiful Temple church was built. All this activity of building proves that the citizens were wealthy and their city handsome. This is corroborated by the interesting work of Fitzstephen, the monk of Canterbury, which was written at this time. Fitzstephen has left us the first picture of London, and a very vivid one it is. He speaks of its wealth, commerce, grandeur, and magnificence, of the mildness of the climate, the beauty of the gardens, the sweet, clear, and salubrious springs, the flowing streams, and the pleasant clack of the water- mills. Even the vast forest of Middlesex, with its densely wooded thickets, its coverts of game, stags, fallow deer, boars, and wild bulls is pressed into the description to give a contrast which shall enhance the prosperous beauty of the city itself. Fitzstcphen s account of the sports of the people is particularly interesting. He tells how, when the great marsh that washed the walls of the city on the north (Moorfields) was frozen over, the young men went out to slide and skate and sport on the ice. Skates made of bones have been dug up of late years in this district. This sport was allowed to fall into disuse, and was not again prevalent until it was intro duced from Holland after the Restoration. In the first year of Richard I. the court of aldermen ordained that for the future houses should not be built of wood, but that they should have an outside wall of stone raised 16 feet from the ground, and be covered with slate or baked tile. This ordinance must have fallen into desue tude, for the houses continued largely to be built of wood. We learn that most of the houses were plastered and whitewashed. One of the earliest objections which the Londoners made to the use of sea-coal was that the smoke from it blackened the white walls of their buildings. The first mayor of London was Henry Fitz Alwin, who was elected in 1189, and held the office until 1212. x London had to pay heavily towards Richard s ransom ; and, when the king made his triumphal entry into London after his release from imprisonment, a German nobleman is said to have remarked that had the emperor known of the wealth of England he would have insisted on a larger sum. The Londoners were the more glad to welcome Richard "back in that the head of the regency, Longchamp, bishop of Ely, was very unpopular from the encroachments he made upon the city with his works at the Tower. The first charter_ by which the city claims the jurisdiction and conservancy of the river 1 He was first admitted to the chief magistracy as bailiff, and there appears to have been considerable variety in the titles used at this time. We learn from the Liber Albus that the chief officer was sometimes called " justiciar " and " cham berlain." | WIKI |
What is the difference between arteries veins and capillaries?
What is the difference between arteries veins and capillaries?
What is the difference between arteries veins and capillaries?
Capillaries connect the arteries to veins. The arteries deliver the oxygen-rich blood to the capillaries, where the actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs. The capillaries then deliver the waste-rich blood to the veins for transport back to the lungs and heart. Veins carry the blood back to the heart.
Why is it said that capillaries connect arteries to veins?
Capillaries are small, thin blood vessels that connect the arteries and the veins. Their thin walls allow oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste products to pass to and from the tissue cells.
What is the difference between veins and ventricles?
Systemic arteries transport oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body. Veins. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. Systemic veins carry low-oxygen blood from the body to the right atrium of the heart.
What are the 3 blood vessels and their functions?
Blood vessels flow blood throughout the body. Arteries transport blood away from the heart. Veins return blood back toward the heart. Capillaries surround body cells and tissues to deliver and absorb oxygen, nutrients, and other substances.
Which feature of capillaries distinguishes them from arteries?
Arteries have thick walls composed of three distinct layers (tunica) Veins have thin walls but typically have wider lumen (lumen size may vary depending on specific artery or vein) Capillaries are very small and will not be easily detected under the same magnification as arteries and veins.
How many veins are in the heart?
Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve.
What are three major types of vessels?
There are three main types of blood vessels:
• Arteries. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body’s tissues.
• Capillaries. These are small, thin blood vessels that connect the arteries and the veins.
• Veins.
What are two major differences in arteries than veins?
In terms of function, arteries and veins are quite different from one another. A key difference between arteries and veins is that the arteries carry oxygenated blood to all body parts, whereas veins carry the deoxygenated blood to the heart with the exception of pulmonary arteries and veins.
What are the 2 structural differences between arteries and veins?
Arteries have thick, elastic, muscular walls whereas veins have thin walls with few elastic fibres. Arteries need these properties to give them the strength and elasticity needed to cope with the high pressure surges of oxygenated blood coming from the heart.
What are the three differences between arteries and veins?
One of the major differences between arteries and veins is that the arteries carry oxygenated blood to all body parts, whereas veins carry the deoxygenated blood to the heart with the exception of pulmonary arteries and veins. …
On which side of the heart is low in oxygen?
right side
The right side of your heart collects blood on its return from the rest of our body. The blood entering the right side of your heart is low in oxygen. Your heart pumps the blood from the right side of your heart to your lungs so it can receive more oxygen.
Do all veins lead to the heart?
Veins are blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart.
The capillaries absorb carbon dioxide and other waste products from the tissues and then flow the deoxygenated blood into the veins.
What are the blood vessels between capillaries and veins called?
Arterioles connect with even smaller blood vessels called capillaries. Through the thin walls of the capillaries, oxygen and nutrients pass from blood into tissues, and waste products pass from tissues into blood. From the capillaries, blood passes into venules, then into veins to return to the heart.
What are 3 differences between arteries and veins?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body. Veins carry blood from the tissues of the body back to the heart. Arteries carry oxygenated blood expect pulmonary artery. Veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.
What is the main function of the capillaries?
Capillaries, the smallest and most numerous of the blood vessels, form the connection between the vessels that carry blood away from the heart (arteries) and the vessels that return blood to the heart (veins). The primary function of capillaries is the exchange of materials between the blood and tissue cells.
How are capillaries and veins connected to the heart?
Blood is pumped from the heart in the arteries. It is returned to the heart in the veins. The capillaries connect the two types of blood vessel and molecules are exchanged between the blood and the cells across their walls. Veins contain valves which prevent the backflow of blood.
How are veins different from arteries and blood vessels?
In addition, veins are structurally different than arteries in that veins have valves to prevent the backflow of blood. Because veins have to work against gravity to get blood back to the heart, contraction of skeletal muscle assists with the flow of blood back to the heart.
How many capillaries are there in a blood vessel?
Capillary beds contain a large number (10 to 100) of capillaries that branch among the cells and tissues of the body. Capillaries are narrow-diameter tubes that can fit red blood cells through in single file and are the sites for the exchange of nutrients, waste, and oxygen with tissues at the cellular level.
Where does the blood go after leaving the capillaries?
Oxygen and dissolved foods diffuse into body cells from the blood, and carbon dioxide and other waste products diffuse out of body cells into the blood. Veins carry blood under low pressure from the capillaries and return the blood to the heart.
How are capillaries the transition link between arteries and veins?
Capillaries are the tiniest blood vessels of the body and serve as the transition link between arteries and veins. Capillaries form a huge network of vessels—almost as big as a tennis court—and it is through this network that a large number of solutes, nutrients, etc. are exchanged between the blood and the surrounding tissues.
Which is bigger the arteries or the veins?
The arteries are perceived as carrying oxygenated blood to the tissues, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. This is true of the systemic circulation, by far the larger of the two circuits of blood in the body, which transports oxygen from the heart to the tissues of the body.
How big are capillaries that carry blood to the heart?
The start of this return journey to the heart begins from smaller vessels called venules (about 20µ diameter), which are located near the organs. Venules carry large volumes of blood at any given time and are also known as capacitance vessels. These venules fuse together to form larger veins, which typically have a diameter of 5mm.
How are veins different from veins in pulmonary circulation?
However, in pulmonary circulation, the arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and veins return blood from the lungs to the heart. The difference between veins and arteries is their direction of flow (out of the heart by arteries, returning to the heart for veins), not their oxygen content. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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GRHL1 acts as tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma and is negatively regulated by MYCN and HDAC3
Item Type:Article
Title:GRHL1 acts as tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma and is negatively regulated by MYCN and HDAC3
Creators Name:Fabian, J. and Lodrini, M. and Oehme, I. and Schier, M.C. and Thole, T.M. and Hielscher, T. and Kopp-Schneider, A. and Opitz, L. and Capper, D. and von Deimling, A. and Wiegand, I. and Milde, T. and Mahlknecht, U. and Westermann, F. and Popanda, O. and Roels, F. and Hero, B. and Berthold, F. and Fischer, M. and Kulozik, A.E. and Witt, O. and Deubzer, H.E.
Abstract:Neuroblastoma is an embryonic solid tumor of neural crest origin and accounts for 11% of all cancer-related deaths in children. Novel therapeutic strategies are therefore urgently required. MYCN oncogene amplification, which occurs in 20% of neuroblastomas, is a hallmark of high risk. Here, we aimed to exploit molecular mechanisms that can be pharmacologically addressed with epigenetically modifying drugs, such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Grainyhead-like 1 (GRHL1), a gene critical for Drosophila neural development, belonged to the genes most strongly responding to HDAC inhibitor treatment of neuroblastoma cells in a genome-wide screen. An increase in the histone H4 pan-acetylation associated with its promoter preceded transcriptional activation. Physically adjacent, HDAC3 and MYCN colocalized to the GRHL1 promoter and repressed its transcription. High-level GRHL1 expression in primary neuroblastomas correlated on transcriptional and translational levels with favorable patient survival and established clinical and molecular markers for favorable tumor biology, including lack of MYCN amplification. Enforced GRHL1 expression in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells with low endogenous GRHL1 levels abrogated anchorage-independent colony formation, inhibited proliferation, and retarded xenograft growth in mice. GRHL1 knockdown in MYCN single-copy cells with high endogenous GRHL1 levels promoted colony formation. GRHL1 regulated 170 genes genome-wide, and most were involved in pathways regulated during neuroblastomagenesis, including nervous system development, proliferation, cell-cell adhesion, cell spreading, and cellular differentiation. In summary, the data presented here indicate a significant role of HDAC3 in the MYCN-mediated repression of GRHL1 and suggest drugs that block HDAC3 activity and suppress MYCN expression as promising candidates for novel treatment strategies of high-risk neuroblastoma.
Keywords:Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Proliferation, Disease-Free Survival, Gene Silencing, Genetic Transcription, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors, Histone Deacetylases, Hydroxamic Acids, Indoles, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, SCID Mice, N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein, Neoplasm Transplantation, Neoplastic Gene Expression Regulation, Neuroblastoma, Nuclear Proteins, Oncogene Proteins, Repressor Proteins, Tumor Burden, Tumor Cell Line, Tumor Suppressor Genes, Animals, Mice
Source:Cancer Research
ISSN:0008-5472
Publisher:American Association for Cancer Research (U.S.A.)
Volume:74
Number:9
Page Range:2604-2616
Date:1 May 2014
Official Publication:https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-1904
PubMed:View item in PubMed
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Open Access
MDC Library | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Activist Fund CIAM to ask Scor CEO Kessler to give up chairmanship
PARIS, March 25 (Reuters) - French activist fund CIAM will ask Scor’s CEO Denis Kessler, who has run the company since 2002, to surrender the chairmanship of the company’s board after he thwarted a takeover attempt earlier this year. CIAM, which holds a little less than 1 percent in Scor, will ask the reinsurer’s shareholders to oust Kessler from the board at the next general meeting on April 26. The fund does, however, want Kessler to remain as CEO, it said in a statement. CIAM will also ask shareholders to oppose Kessler’s pay package and oppose the renewal of board member Augustin de Romanet. Earlier this year, Kessler successfully opposed a takeover attempt by unlisted insurer Covea, which had offered a 20 percent premium over Scor’s share price. Scor’s shares have lost more than 10 percent since Covea gave up on its plan in late January. A spokeswoman for Scor did not respond to an email seeking comment. (Reporting by Inti Landauro; Editing by Luke Baker) | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Vacutainer
A vacutainer blood collection tube is a sterile glass or plastic test tube with a colored rubber stopper creating a vacuum seal inside of the tube, facilitating the drawing of a predetermined volume of liquid. Vacutainer tubes may contain additives designed to stabilize and preserve the specimen prior to analytical testing. Tubes are available with a safety-engineered stopper, with a variety of labeling options and draw volumes. The color of the top indicates the additives in the vial.
Vacutainer tubes were invented by Joseph Kleiner in 1949. Vacutainer is a registered trademark of Becton Dickinson, which manufactures and sells the tubes today.
Principles
The Vacutainer needle is double-ended: the inner end is encased in a thin rubber coating that prevents blood from leaking out if the Vacutainer tubes are changed during a multi-draw, and the outer end which is inserted into the vein. When the needle is screwed into the translucent plastic needle holder, the coated end is inside the holder.
When a tube is inserted into the holder, its rubber cap is punctured by this inner needle and the vacuum in the tube pulls blood through the needle and into the tube. The filled tube is then removed and another can be inserted and filled the same way. The amount of air evacuated from the tube predetermines how much blood will fill the tube before blood stops flowing.
Each tube is topped with a color-coded plastic or rubber cap. Tubes often include additives that mix with the blood when collected, and the color of each tube's plastic cap indicates which additives it contains.
Blood collection tubes expire because over time the vacuum is lost and blood will not be drawn into the tube when the needle punctures the cap.
Types of tubes
Vacutainer tubes may contain additional substances that preserve blood for processing in a medical laboratory. Using the wrong tube may make the blood sample unusable for the intended purpose. These additives are typically thin film coatings applied using an ultrasonic nozzle.
The additives may include anticoagulants (EDTA, sodium citrate, heparin) or a gel with density between those of blood cells and blood plasma. Additionally, some tubes contain additives that preserve certain components of or substances within the blood, such as glucose. When a tube is centrifuged, the materials within are separated by density, with the blood cells sinking to the bottom and the plasma or serum accumulating at the top. Tubes containing gel can be easily handled and transported after centrifugation without the blood cells and serum mixing.
The meanings of the various colors are standardized across manufacturers.
The term order of draw refers to the sequence in which tubes should be filled. The needle which pierces the tubes can carry additives from one tube into the next, so the sequence is standardized so that any cross-contamination of additives will not affect laboratory results.
History
Vacutainer technology was developed in 1947 by Joseph Kleiner, and is currently marketed by Becton Dickinson (B-D). The Vacutainer was preceded by other vacuum-based phlebotomy technology such as the Keidel vacuum.
The plastic tube version, known as Vacutainer PLUS, was developed at B-D in the early 1990s by E. Vogler, D. Montgomery and G. Harper amongst others of the Surface Science Group as US patents 5344611, 5326535, 5320812, 5257633 and 5246666.
Vacutainers are widely used in phlebotomy in developed countries due to safety and ease of use. Vacutainers have the advantage of being prepared with additives, allowing easy multi-tube draws, and having a lower chance of hemolysis. In developing countries, it is still common to draw blood using a syringe or syringes. Many brands have now started manufacturing Vaccutainer such as Vacu-8, Hemo Tube and Hemo Vac Plus. These tubes are now also available in pre-barcoded forms. | WIKI |
Talk:Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations/Archive 1
Sea Shepherd
The "Environmentalists Jailed After Painting Baby Seals Red" reference claims that a British "Fund for Animals" owned the Sea Shepherd (presumably the predecessor to Sea ShepherdII and later ships of theirs). What does this mean? Not a SSCS vessel? Shoddy reporting? Ingolfson (talk) 08:12, 24 January 2010 (UTC)
* Mmmh, I have other refs like this one in the article which place the ''Sea Shepherd as clearly with SSCS - still mysterious, though. Ingolfson (talk) 08:15, 24 January 2010 (UTC)
* Ah. They funded the first 'Sea Shepherd'. Should be noted, I guess - but in the main article? Ingolfson (talk) 07:04, 25 January 2010 (UTC)
im pretty sure they funded the sea shepherd, and more or less dontaed it to sea shepherd (the ss's were named somthing differnt then, they took the name of the ship later —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:17, 21 February 2010 (UTC)
Merge into Sea Shepherd Conservation Society
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. (Discuss) Dkchana (talk) 14:57, 9 April 2010 (UTC)
* You have to say *why* you feel it should be merged. You suggested it, now explain why. Personally, I think the scope of the information is well beyond that which could comfortably fit in the main article. I also think we've discussed this before and agreed to keep it here, but I could be mixing it up with another page. —ShadowRanger (talk 14:58, 9 April 2010 (UTC)
* I think a merger is a poor idea since this was spun out for a reason. But for the sake of keeping this in one place, see Talk:Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. Cptnono (talk) 15:09, 9 April 2010 (UTC)
Hvalur 6 and Hvalur 7
The main article covers both the sinkings and the plant attack. If that is a concern then the other page needs to be retitled but it fits within the use for a main template.Cptnono (talk) 02:51, 14 May 2010 (UTC)
* I also believe the links to main whaling articles distracts from the text. That article above is perfect for the main template and I will be changing it back if there is not any response.Cptnono (talk) 21:57, 14 May 2010 (UTC)
missing sections.
this page is missing 2 major operations of sea shepherd, operation blue rage (mediteranian blue fin tuna) and gulf rescue(pretty much self explanatory, saving animals in the gulf from the british petro. spill. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:27, 13 July 2010 (UTC)
* The recent bluefin tuna one was in but it was sourced and worded terribly. There should be some sources out there if someone wants to dig them up.Cptnono (talk) 01:32, 13 July 2010 (UTC)
Maltese consideratoins
"Rueben Silvio required a dozen sutures on his right hand after accidentally mistaking for a lifeline a line bearing a grappling hook allegedly used by the activists to tear open a tuna pen. Joe Barry was badly bruised by what he claims were rubber bullets. The owners of the fishing company involved, Fish and Fish, were also summoned to the police headquarters to make a statement." Recent clashes between SSCS and maltese fishermen might be good for this article: http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20100625/local/investigations-into-clashes-at-sea-proving-hard-to-pursue —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:59, 17 July 2010 (UTC)
* Good looking out for nonprimary sources!Cptnono (talk) 23:02, 17 July 2010 (UTC)
* It's the same two parties and news doing CYA reporting. Someone said this, another said that this happened. Even the news is reporting it in somewhat skeptical terms. I'd wait to see what the police say first and they are the ultimate authority in neutrality (or should be).-- Terrillja talk 01:46, 18 July 2010 (UTC)
* I don't think it is necessary to wait for that as long as it is mad clear that it is only what one party says. And I am thinking two lines at most or we start running into undue weight.Cptnono (talk) 02:13, 18 July 2010 (UTC)
Faroe Islands
Is this noteworthy? "In 2010, Sea Shepherd had an undercover operation, with Peter Hammarstedt posing as a film student in order to film the pilot wale hunt" The guy took a camera and rolled tape on something that is not a secret. A guy wrote an opinion piece on it so he thinks it is important. I haven't seen any other sources from a quick look that say why it is important. Any thoughts?Cptnono (talk) 01:27, 15 August 2010 (UTC)
Follow-up: So far I am still only seeing blogs and opinion pieces. I'm going to reword it slightly. Going "undercover" sounds a little PR. Publicizing the event does give it some noteworthiness according to three pieces I saw. Still on the fence on this but might be acceptable with some clean up.Cptnono (talk) 01:45, 15 August 2010 (UTC)
Cptnono, I agree. My apologies, this is a drive-by comment, but on reading this comment I think the substitution of 'posed' versus 'undercover' is correct. When someone is undercover it is a lot more than what Hammarstedt did; a police officer infiltrating a gang by posing as one of them is 'undercover' (e.g. Serpico), Hammarstedt simply used a plausible excuse to get to film in a sensitive area (although public). The event is notable enough to be included as it was a SSCS operation. However, I am doubtful about using the phrase, '...before he was recognised.' There is nothing in the sources to indicate that he was recognised as Peter Hammarstedt or as a SSCS worker, it seems that the people on the dock got suspicious, or antsy, about a stranger filming the whales (the 'sensitivity' I mentioned earlier). I think that phrase should be reworked to reflect the real situation. Perhaps along the line of 'He counted 236 dead whales before the locals became suspicious of his filming, prompting Hammarstedt to leave the area.' Mondegreen de plume (talk) 00:45, 4 October 2010 (UTC)
One of the sealing incidents
I've sloppily deleted one of the paragraphs on Canadian sealing for the moment because it's grossly inaccurate. There's a video of the incident posted to YouTube by Sea Shepherd, which shows Sea Shepherd activists confronting the sealers with a Davy Jones flag and weapons of their own. Get it together, guys. — TheHerbalGerbil (TALK, 12:35, 21 March 2011 (UTC)
* Weapons? I see some walking sticks, which are a pretty good idea. Ice is slippery.-- Terrillja talk 14:47, 21 March 2011 (UTC)
Blue Rage blanked
I blanked the Blue Rage section. It contained nothing but a blurb reading as if it was lifted straight from a SS press release. We need some better sources and a serious effort next time. — TheHerbalGerbil (TALK, 18:02, 12 December 2011 (UTC)
Divine Wind
The press has apparently been paying more attention to this year's hunt. In my opinion, this was because a violent showdown was expected, what with Japan sending additional coast guard-manned security vessels, Sea Shepherd sending three ships, and Watson's pledge to die a martyr protecting the whales. I was thinking of doing a separate article, which was one reason I was adding so much detail to the section. The removal of Brigitte Bardot from the situation, however, may be a game changer, greatly decreasing the likelihood of unprecedented violence. If no objection, I will continue to keep adding more detail, but once the hunt is over the section will probably need trimming. If nobody gets hurt or killed, I'm not sure that a separate article could be justified. Cla68 (talk) 05:37, 30 December 2011 (UTC)
TheHerbalGerbil is POV pushing
This user is known to have caused serious issues on other pages involving animal rights, to the point that senior wiki moderators had to be brought in to cease his activities.
He is POV pushing this entire article towards a pro-Japanese/anti-whaling sentiment. His edits should be closely monitored.
He/she claims the Canadian govt asserted that the SSCC was within Canadian waters at the time of the incident, when they actually cited maritime laws which allowed them to operate OUTSIDE their home waters. This is just one example of the kind of spin TheHerbalGerbil likes to put on things.
His descriptions for his edits are often hostile and profane. A quick glance at his page is all that is required to recognize that this is done with malicious intent. A few selections from his user talk page as well as this very page:
A serious coming together of problems with citing the news on Sea Shepherd is that they’re relatively unknown, the topic of whaling is controversial, and for some reason the news companies don’t bother to ask anyone at ICR or KSK for their side. So more often than not, they just end up repeating statements from Sea Shepherd as if they were fact. — TheHerbalGerbil(TALK|STALK), 16:22, 21 April 2012 (UTC)
Your continued incivility at controversial sites like PETA, Homeopathy, 9/11 Truth Movement and others, is unwelcome in the wikicommunity. It is precisely because of thuggery like yours that wikipedia has evolved into a big joke. or little joke, really. a little pond and you just want to be a big fish here in the worst way. the weird thing is, you have fleeting moments of reasonableness and constructive contributions. Perhaps you are schizophrenic. Or just a child lashing out when you dont get your way. its just too bad that your petty bickering trumps the good side. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:56, 2 July 2009 (UTC)
I’m sorry, have we dated? — TheHerbalGerbil
Frankly, yes. We need to engage these kids in dialog to get them to understand that they’re wrong. Unfortunately, the only dialog they seem to understand is loud and accusatory. — TheHerbalGerbil(TALK), 19:04, 26 July 2009 (UTC)
Please see Wikipedia's no personal attacks policy. Comment on content, not on contributors; personal attacks damage the community and deter users. Note that continued personal attacks may lead to blocks for disruption. Please stay cool and keep this in mind while editing. Thank you. (→Netscott) 23:49, 21 November 2006 (UTC)
It is important to keep a cool head, especially when responding to comments against you or your edits. Personal attacks and disruptive comments only escalate a situation; please keep calm and remember that action can be taken against other parties if necessary. Attacking another user back can only satisfy trolls or anger contributors and leads to general bad feeling. Please try to remain civil with your comments. Thanks! (→Netscott) 00:06, 22 November 2006 (UTC)
Listen you will be blocked shortly if you continue. This editor was just blocked for the same reasons. (→Netscott) 00:06, 22 November 2006 (UTC)
I will not bow under your petty attacks and personal threats. — TheHerbalGerbil 00:21, 22 November 2006 (UTC)
And yet here you are, threatening me and lying about your feelings - you say you do not wish bad for me yet you go out of your way to defend this shameful MUSLIM BROTHER (caps added) of yours, way out here on my userpage. — TheHerbalGerbil 05:34, 23 November 2006 (UTC)
Your userpage was listed at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:TheHerbalGerbil and speedily deleted under Criteria for Speedy Deletion G10, that is, "Pages whose primary use is to disparage the subject". Please do not create pages which contain content disparaging to others. Thank you. ~Kylu (u|t) 06:13, 23 November 2006 (UTC)
It is not necessary to debunk every comment made on these pages. Most of them have no effect on the article, and are ignored by pretty much every editor other than the original poster. Michaelbusch 19:01, 9 November 2007 (UTC)
I know. But I think informing contributors of their mistakes will help prevent them from repeating them in articles. You could think of it like an indirect benefit to the article. — TheHerbalGerbil 19:21, 9 November 2007 (UTC)
That's five clear reverts inside of 24 hours. In fact, inside of five hours. Not that you even need three reverts inside of 24 hours for a WP:3RR block. --Yamla (talk) 15:15, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
Congratulations, you can count. But you need to work on your honesty. Those are not "clear reverts". And this was not about the number. Quit fucking around. — TheHerbalGerbil(TALK), 15:25, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
Are you seriously claiming that these edits did not undo the work of another editor?!? --Yamla (talk) 15:30, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
There were LOTS more to pick from. It seems clear that this user has decided to vandalize/POV push the SSCC Operations article and based on his previous behaviour he will likely engage in an edit war as I have removed one of his malicious lies. So far he has submitted false statements and removed accurately sourced information, which has since been restored by other editors.
Help from more experienced wikipedia editors in dealing with this situation would be greatly appreciated.
Neutrality, personal attacks and dates
I'd like to remind editors of the requirement to remain neutral, regardless of their feelings about the subject, and to use appropriate edit summaries, without resorting to personal attacks. A few days ago, an editor added some content to the article, that was subsequently removed with the edit summary "added non RS while removing opposing POV". The source used in the added content was SSCS, which has never been determined to be non-reliable. In fact, discussions at WP:RSN have advocated use of SSCS, which is a primary source. As per WP:PRIMARY, primary sources may be used on Wikipedia. In some cases, as per the discussions at RSN, they are preferred. As for the "while removing opposing POV" part of the edit summary, nothing was removed from the article so this clearly incorrect. Accordingly, I restored the content, noting this in the edit summary. It was then removed again, by the same editor, with the edit summary "(1)claim not true since one of them was not sscs 2)not RS. find a secondary source that does not have a rep of not telling the truth. I'll do it in the PM if you don;t get to it". The claim that "one of them was not sscs" appeared to be original research since it wasn't mentioned and the claim that SSCS is not RS still doesn't seem true. I did find a reliable source, The Sydney Morning Herald, so I added that as per the editor's request, while I did some sorely needed cleanup on the article. However, complying with the editor's request wasn't good enough. The edit summary is a little hard to understand, but was explained by the editor in a later edit summary. I guess the moral of the story is that if you can't provide accurate edit summaries when you aren't sober, it might be best not to edit in that condition. One point from the edit summary, "not a single PS used", needs addressing. WP:PRIMARY does not exclude primary sources from being used - this seems to be an ongoing issue. Finally, personal attacks are not appropriate anywhere on Wikipedia, including in edit summaries. One of the reasons that Australia (which is part of Oceania) declared the area the Japanese hunt in to be a whale sanctuary is that the whales in the area migrate up and down the Australian east coast on their way from and too the Southern Ocean. They're part of the Oceania population, which the editor in question acknowledges is endangered.
Another issue is that of dates in the article. WP:MOSNUM specifies date format consistency. Working out what date system to use in the article was a nightmare, as several formats including formats not recognised by WP:DATESNO. This article was split from Sea Shepherd Conservation Society so it seems consistent to use mdy dates, the same format used in that article, especially since SSCS is a US organisation. --AussieLegend (talk) 08:54, 24 January 2012 (UTC)
* Now you use the talk page? So do you really want to get into the use of SSCS as a source or do you you just want to vent since someone did something that you failed to do? We can have a pissing contest or i can actually pull the trigger on getting community intervention on the ongoing (and lazy use) of SSCS as a source. And it wasn't me who cussed you out (even though his edit was alright with me). Don't talk to me about POV, seeing the talk page, and sourcing when you yourself fail to get it. (Not a rhetorical question. You want to get into it or not?)Cptnono (talk) 06:06, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* But good on you for mentioning MOS I guess. Thank you for doing something good for the article. Cptnono (talk) 06:11, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* When you say "since someone did something that you failed to do" I have no idea what you're talking about. You said in your edit summary, "find a secondary source that does not have a rep of not telling the truth". I did, and added it to the article. What is your problem? Is it that I complied with your request, or that what you wanted was not what you said? If you didn't mean what you said, perhaps you should have elaborated on the talk page. Use of SSCS as a source is not lazy. As has been explained to you numerous times, primary sources may be used and in some cases they're preferable. What I provided was a secondary source that backs up what SSCS said. The reality, as you should full well know by now is that the only sources for anything from the Southern Ocean are SSCS and ICR. Any secondary source can only repeat what those sources say, since nobody else is there. As for "pull(ing) the trigger on getting community intervention", you've tried that in the past and were told that use of SSCS was preferable. --AussieLegend (talk) 06:33, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* You ignored other conversations. Furthermore, you should understand that "that you failed to do" refers to you choosing to not find unbiased secondary sources. Do you want me to open up a conversation discussing when SSCS should not be used or are you just talking back since your feelings are hurt that I proved that the edit could be done without relying on a primary source? I know it sounds like a silly question but I really don't know if you are arguing just to argue or if you really think that the SSCS source was preferable to secondary sources. And the secondary sources ended up painting the situation with less POV which = WP:NOT. So are you debating just to get it out of your system or do you really want me to seek verification from the community that the SSCS should not be used as a the sole source for controversial lines.? I will also seek community consensus on the SSCS not being allowable for lines that assert fact (ie: SSCS can only be used to assert their own opinions in ways that do not circumvent WP:NOTADVOCATE). You can look into the archives more if you want to see precedent since the one link you provided shows only a tiny fraction of the discussion that has already taken place. You're welcome for this article existing and being sourced from secondary sources.Cptnono (talk) 07:34, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* What other conversations did I ignore? I searched WP:RSN and found only two, both of which I linked to. Your assertion that I chose "to not find unbiased secondary sources" is completely untrue. The Sydney Morning Herald article is an unbiased secondary source. I added that and you chose to use the same source in a subsequent edit. "are you just talking back since your feelings are hurt that I proved that the edit could be done without relying on a primary source?" is, as you've said, just plain silly. Since the section was about claims SSCS made, it's entirely appropriate to use the primary source to prove that the organisation made the claims that the article says it made. You were told this at RSN. "You can look into the archives more if you want to see precedent" - I've already looked in the archives and couldn'y find any such precedent. If such precedent exists, the burden is on you to prove it exists since you are the one asserting that it does. Until such time as you do, no such precedent exist. "You're welcome for this article existing" - Credit for this article existing goes to Terrillja, since it was Terrillja who created this article, not you. --AussieLegend (talk) 07:56, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* You ignored plenty. The only thing I needed to prove to you is that you were wrong in assuming that the primary source was acceptable. I already did that by providing secondary sources that scuttled it. But now if you want to be proven wrong again I can seek some input from the community since the secondary sources have proven to be superior. And you are still welcome for this article. Note the sources in this article and what happened before Terrillja made the change. I'm off to bed for the evening but since you seem to like arguing you can let me know if you want me to go seek that consensus to strip SSCS as a source even further. You keep on dodging the question. How about you go find secondary sources like a big boy then actually research the topic, son.Cptnono (talk) 08:11, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* "You ignored plenty" - Yet you can't point to any of them.
* "I already did that by providing secondary sources that scuttled it." - You've done nothing of the sort. The Washington Post and SMH, the latter which I provided, reiterate what was said in the SSCS statement.
* "Note the sources in this article and what happened before Terrillja made the change" - Irrelevant. You said "You're welcome for this article existing" and it was Terrillja who made this article exist. You didn't even edit this article until six weeks after it was created by Terrillja. --AussieLegend (talk) 10:19, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
* How about you go and look at every secondary source in this article that details the orgs history before 2000. Then take your bad attitude and screw off. If you are going to rely on primary sources when there are ample sources you are going to be treated like a schmuck. Deal with it instead of continuing to argue. Go ahead and contribute something. i am sure you actually know how to be an editor here, right?Cptnono (talk) 06:37, 26 January 2012 (UTC)
* And if you do not see the difference in wording between the secondary sources and the primary source then you should not be trusted to edit, are pretending to be stupid, or simply can't admit that using the primary source was wrong. Which one is it?Cptnono (talk) 06:39, 26 January 2012 (UTC)
A serious coming together of problems with citing the news on Sea Shepherd is that they’re relatively unknown, the topic of whaling is controversial, and for some reason the news companies don’t bother to ask anyone at ICR or KSK for their side. So more often than not, they just end up repeating statements from Sea Shepherd as if they were fact. — TheHerbalGerbil (TALK, 16:22, 21 April 2012 (UTC)
Paul Watson has been in the global media spotlight and had his whereabouts monitored by various intelligence agencies for decades; to describe his current and past activities as "unknown" is ludicrous. Whaling is only considered controversial in the tiny handful of backwards cultures still refusing international demands to stop the killing. The reason for the lack of opposing coverage of the story (temporarily adopting your twisted logic and choosing to simply ignore the vast disparity in numbers between people who are anti and pro-whaling) is obvious - there's nobody else in the southern ocean to report on these events besides Sea Shepherd Conservation Society and the whalers. You fail to mention that the media gives SSCS loads of (well deserved) grief for their frequent publicity stunts. Coverage of the issue by major news networks is extremely rare, and an actual interview with crew members is nearly impossible in the States due to their (Japanese govt. sponsored) psuedo-terrorist label. Any audio clip of Paul's voice is virtually guaranteed to be attached to an AWFUL photograph of him. Think Saddam Hussein getting dragged out of his spider hole. And yet there is almost always a blurb inserted somewhere mentioning the dubious claims of "research" and sometimes even a brief statement from the ICR. If you're a mainstream journalist or television producer it's pretty tough to spin that story any other way. I don't speak Japanese but I have a hard time imagining their media provides less biased coverage. If anything Animal Planet seems to have stirred up a hornets nest of Japanese nationalism in the guise of pro-whaling rhetoric.
At the end of the day you have to ask yourself: who is more likely to lie to me?
1.) philanthropists who sacrifice their fortunes to help save an intelligent species from being slowly butchered to death for profit
2.) unpaid volunteers risking their lives in a frozen nightmare landscape thousands of miles from home, with little finnancial support and zero chance of rescue
3.) Paul Watson and whoever else does PR for Sea Shepherd to make sure #1 hears about #2
4.) Animal Planet and countless media networks in countries whose govt. condemn whaling and SSCS alike
5.) an international community of researchers who condemn whaling for well-documented scientific reasons
6.) billions of people worldwide who think whaling is morally wrong
*OR*
1.) highly paid career fishermen who refuse to stop poaching an intelligent species in a wildlife reserve
2.) investors and executives who's business model and personal wealth is dependent on govt. contracts to sell whale meat
3.) Japanese politicians who have staked their reputations by handing out large government subsidies to the whalers and making pro-whaling statements
4.) a "research" body funded by #2 and #3 whose interests are completely dependent upon the continuation of Japanese whaling and receives little attention outside Japan
5.) Japanese media outlets operating under a government who publicly funds and supports whaling in a country where whaling is considered by many to be part of their national heritage — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:33, 4 July 2012 (UTC)
Norwegian whaling (1992, 1994)
Maybe a hot button topic, but the current source (The Ellensburg Daily Record: p. 6. July 7, 1994. Retrieved October 8, 2009.) clearly states that "The Whales Forever rammed the Andenes in Vestfjord, about 46 miles west of Bodo [..]". So I changed the text to reflect the current source. --Jaydee711 (talk) 01:09, 18 May 2012 (UTC)
Need to hive off some of the large sections to articles so as develop them further & balance out this article
Bunching all the operations in one article is a good idea. However, I'm sure people would like to read more about specific operations such as "Waltzing Matilda" or "Zero Tolerance" or even the forthcoming "Relentless". Adding material here skews the article where there is one small para about one activity while there is no more scope of expanding here for others. Imho its time to hive off a few articles and keep summaries here so that the overall article reads better. That is what I plan to do beginning with "Zero Tolerance". Comments are welcome. AshLin (talk) 13:40, 27 May 2013 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20100219194533/http://www.seashepherd.org:80/who-we-are/the-fleet.html to http://www.seashepherd.org/who-we-are/the-fleet.html
Cheers.—cyberbot II Talk to my owner :Online 05:05, 30 January 2016 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just added archive links to 15 one external links on Sea Shepherd Conservation Society operations. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20051110055300/http://www.ticotimes.net:80/archive/05_10_02_4.htm to http://www.ticotimes.net/archive/05_10_02_4.htm
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20080724182800/http://www.cdnn.info/eco/e040530/e040530.html to http://www.cdnn.info/eco/e040530/e040530.html
* Attempted to fix sourcing for //www.darwinfoundation.org/en/our-work/featured-projects/sealion-monitoring
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20121102205953/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-95245895.html to http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-95245895.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070207035022/http://www.montrealmirror.com:80/ARCHIVES/1997/041797/news5.html to http://www.montrealmirror.com/ARCHIVES/1997/041797/news5.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070622193855/http://www.montrealmirror.com:80/ARCHIVES/1997/060597/news1.html to http://www.montrealmirror.com/ARCHIVES/1997/060597/news1.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20081025024359/http://archives.cnn.com:80/2000/NATURE/09/11/faroe.islands.enn/index.html to http://archives.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/09/11/faroe.islands.enn/index.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20140808065122/http://jyllands-posten.dk/international/europa/ECE6814231/militante-miljoeaktivister-flokkes-til-faeroeerne/ to http://jyllands-posten.dk/international/europa/ECE6814231/militante-miljoeaktivister-flokkes-til-faeroeerne/
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20120325205337/http://www.watoday.com.au/breaking-news-national/boycott-japan-olympics-bid-exminister-20090715-dkum.html to http://www.watoday.com.au/breaking-news-national/boycott-japan-olympics-bid-exminister-20090715-dkum.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20080118120513/http://www.foxnews.com:80/wires/2008Jan15/0,4670,AntarcticaWhaling,00.html to http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Jan15/0,4670,AntarcticaWhaling,00.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090224175059/http://www.news.com.au:80/perthnow/story/0,21598,25088213-948,00.html to http://www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,25088213-948,00.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20101206162405/http://www.mycleansky.com:80/.?a=earthrace to http://www.mycleansky.com/?a=earthrace
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20131005020947/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/08/australia-japan-whaling-idUSB32896820120108 to http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/08/australia-japan-whaling-idUSB32896820120108 
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130215062504/http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1737280/US-Supreme-Court-rejects-Sea-Shepherd-bid to http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1737280/US-Supreme-Court-rejects-Sea-Shepherd-bid
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130112014217/http://tvnz.co.nz:80/world-news/sea-shepherd-boats-set-sail-antarctica-5314738 to http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/sea-shepherd-boats-set-sail-antarctica-5314738
Cheers.—cyberbot II Talk to my owner :Online 05:25, 25 February 2016 (UTC) | WIKI |
TY - JOUR AU - Alias, Mohd Afzal AU - Abdul Rahim, Roslina AU - Muhamad, Siti Aesah @ Naznin AU - Abdullah, Nor Zamzila AU - A Talib, Norlelawati AU - Ahmad Affandi, Khairunisa PY - 2022/10/01 Y2 - 2024/04/24 TI - Tualang Honey Supplementation Alleviates Obesity and Dyslipidaemia in High Cholesterol Diet Induced Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Animal Model JF - IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia JA - imjm VL - 21 IS - 4 SE - Original Articles DO - 10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2107 UR - https://journals.iium.edu.my/kom/index.php/imjm/article/view/2107 SP - AB - <p><strong>INTRODUCTION</strong><strong>: </strong>Dyslipidaemia and obesity are two main features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study aimed to investigate the effects of Tualang honey (TH) supplementation on bodyweight, liver weight, and lipid profiles in high cholesterol diet (HCD) induced NASH animal model. <strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS</strong><strong>: </strong>Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were given 12% HCD for 16 weeks to induce NASH. These animals were divided into 4 groups; Group 1 (continued HCD), Group 2 (changed to normal diet), Group 3 (normal diet and TH 1.2g/kg) and Group 4 (normal diet and TH 3.0g/kg) for the following 4 weeks. Bodyweight was measured daily. At the end of the study, blood was collected via retro-orbital bleeding and the rats were sacrificed to harvest their liver. <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>: </strong>The group 4 rats had significantly lower mean final bodyweight than rats in group 1, 2 and 3 (478.0±24.4 vs. 641.5±25.1, 593.8 ±29.3, 552.0±72.9 g, p<0.05). Animals in group 4 were also found to have a significantly lower mean liver weight compared to groups 1 and 2 (12.9±0.9 vs 20.1±2.2, 15.7±1.2 g, p<0.05). In comparison to controls, the mean concentration of total cholesterol was significantly lower in all the other groups and the lowest mean concentration of triglycerides was recorded in group 4 with significant difference when compared to the controls (0.9±0.4 vs 3.6±0.4 mmol/L, p<0.05). <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>: </strong>The change from HCD to a normal diet coupled with TH supplementation has been shown to reduce bodyweight, liver weight, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the 12% HCD NASH induced animal models.</p><p> </p><p> </p> ER - | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Cody
Solution 291931
Submitted on 29 Jul 2013 by Paul Berglund
This solution is locked. To view this solution, you need to provide a solution of the same size or smaller.
Test Suite
Test Status Code Input and Output
1 Pass
%% x = [2 2 3 4 3 4 6 9 9] y = [1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1]; assert(isequal(findSameNum(x),y))
x = 2 2 3 4 3 4 6 9 9 ans = 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
2 Pass
%% x = [2 2 9 9] y = [1 1 1 1]; assert(isequal(findSameNum(x),y))
x = 2 2 9 9 ans = 1 1 1 1
3 Pass
%% x = [2 1 3 4 3 4 6 9 4] y = [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]; assert(isequal(findSameNum(x),y))
x = 2 1 3 4 3 4 6 9 4 ans = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Pass
%% x = [8 8 7 6 3 2 4 8] y = [1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0]; assert(isequal(findSameNum(x),y))
x = 8 8 7 6 3 2 4 8 ans = 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 Pass
%% x = [3 4 5 6] y = [0 0 0 0]; assert(isequal(findSameNum(x),y))
x = 3 4 5 6 ans = 0 0 0 0
6 Pass
%% x = [2 5 5 9 3 4 6 6 4] y = [0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0]; assert(isequal(findSameNum(x),y))
x = 2 5 5 9 3 4 6 6 4 ans = 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Lady (You Bring Me Up)
"Lady (You Bring Me Up)" is a 1981 hit single by the Commodores. In the United States, it peaked at No. 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 5 on the Billboard R&B singles chart. It reached No. 56 on the UK Singles Chart.
It was written by Commodores member William King, his wife, Shirley, and Harold Hudson, a member of the Commodores' backing group, The Mean Machine. Lionel Richie sang lead vocals, and it was one of the group's last big hits before he left for a solo career.
Record World noted that Ritchie's vocal is backed by "shimmering strings and a driving rhythm."
The music video features the band members playing a six-a-side soccer match with a group of women players.
Accolades
"Lady (You Bring Me Up)" was Grammy-nominated in the category of Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals.
Track listings
7" single
* 1) "Lady (You Bring Me Up)" – 4:46
* 2) "Gettin' It" – 4:18 | WIKI |
Harry deLeyer
Harry E. deLeyer (September 21, 1927 – June 25, 2021) is most famous for rescuing an old plow horse from the slaughterhouse, and a few years later winning national shows with that same horse, which became the most famous horse in America in the 1950s. The horse, Snowman, was eventually inducted into United States Show Jumping Hall of Fame in 1992.
Early life in Holland
Harry deLeyer (pronounced deh-LAY-er) was born in Sint-Oedenrode, Netherlands in 1927. His work experience was primarily on the family farm. DeLeyer learned to ride as a child; by 7 he was competing, eventually making it to the Dutch junior national team.
When the Germans invaded the Netherlands in May 1940, his father turned their farm into a way station for the resistance, hiding Jews and downed Allied pilots in a secret cellar that he dug out next to a barn and disguised under a manure pile. Harry deLeyer was part of the underground during WWII and helped many Jews escape the Nazis through the Netherlands. Also, at night, Harry would ride out on horseback, looking for wounded pilots.
Emigration to the United States
One pilot that Harry found died soon after he was brought back to the farm. The deLeyers buried him, and sent his dog tags back to his parents in North Carolina. In 1950 the pilot's parents sponsored Harry and his wife to come live in the United States. DeLeyer spent four years on a tobacco farm in North Carolina, showing horses on the weekends. He and his family moved to Long Island in 1954, where he became the riding instructor at the all-girls Knox School in St. James.
Snowman
In 1956 deLeyer attended a horse auction in Pennsylvania. Arriving late to the auction (which was over) he observed the unsold horses being loaded into a truck, headed for the slaughterhouse. A large grey horse, which seemed healthy and strong, caught his eye. A retired plow horse headed to the slaughterhouse, he bought it for $80. Upon arriving home, his daughter named the horse "Snowman."
The gentle Snowman was used as a training horse for beginners. Some time later deLeyer agreed to sell the horse to a neighbour, and this is when an unexpected discovery was made. The horse left the neighbour's corral and made his way home to deLeyer's; this happened a couple times and the sale was reversed. Following the horse's miraculous escape, which could only be accomplished by the horse jumping a number of high fences, deLeyer began working with the horse on his jumping, which appeared to be an extraordinary natural ability of Snowman. After two years of training deLeyer rode Snowman in a local competition, easily taking the Blue Ribbon in the jumper class. More shows, more Blue Ribbons. National shows, national championships! At their first appearance in Madison Square Garden, 1958, Snowman and deLeyer took the blue ribbon. Snowman was named "Horse of the Year" by the American Horse Shows Association (today the United States Equestrian Federation) and won the Professional Horsemen's Association championship, making him one of the few horses to win what was then considered the sport's triple crown. The press and the public loved Snowman, and his rags to riches story. In 1959 deLeyer and Snowman once again took the Blue Ribbon at Madison Square Garden, and Snowman was again named "Horse of the Year." DeLeyer and Snowman traveled the world, delighting fans wherever they went. They appeared on numerous TV shows, and were genuine celebrities. Harry deLeyer continued to compete, and perform exhibitions, with Snowman, though less frequently as the horse aged. In 1969 Snowman officially retired at Madison Square Garden, to a standing ovation as the crowd sang "Auld Lang Syne." Snowman died in 1974 (kidney failure).
Later life
Snowman was not his only horse, and deLeyer continued to ride competitively, even after Snowman's death. Fans called him “The Galloping Grandfather” — he was beloved as a fierce competitor and eager showman. In 1979 he returned to the National Horse Show and once again took the blue ribbon in his class. He continued to teach riding and train horses, eventually moving to Virginia, where he owned a breeding farm.
Harry deLeyer and Snowman in Popular Culture
Snowman and deLeyer were the subject of the book “The 80 Dollar Champion: Snowman, the Horse Who Inspired a Nation” (2011) by Elizabeth Letts, a New York Times best seller. and the book "Snowman: The True Story of a Champion" by Catherine Hapka (Author), Rutherford Montgomery (Draft Writer)(2016). They were also the subjects of a 2015 documentary, “Harry and Snowman,” which includes extensive interviews with deLeyer. | WIKI |
Web dashboard is offline
Hello,
After latest update my web dashboard is not reachable anymore. The node itself is reachable, port 14002 is open. I see that it is in lisatening status on linux. I tried to reinstall the node again but still same issue. I have no more ideas where to look. Could someone help? I will provide info required for the troubleshooting.
BR,
Alex
Hello @Eridanin ,
Welcome to the forum!
The dashboard is listening on 127.0.0.1 by default, so you may open it only on the host.
To connect from other machines you need to use either How to remote access the web dashboard | Storj Docs or [Tech Preview] Multinode Dashboard Binaries
However, please check your logs first: How do I check my logs? | Storj Docs
I checked the logs. It is faling to start. I didn’t changed location of the DBs. It seems to happen after last update. Can it be solved?
2022-07-27 20:43:42,229 INFO Set uid to user 0 succeeded
2022-07-27 20:43:42,231 INFO RPC interface ‘supervisor’ initialized
2022-07-27 20:43:42,232 INFO supervisord started with pid 1
2022-07-27 20:43:43,234 INFO spawned: ‘processes-exit-eventlistener’ with pid 11
2022-07-27 20:43:43,234 INFO spawned: ‘storagenode’ with pid 12
2022-07-27 20:43:43,235 INFO spawned: ‘storagenode-updater’ with pid 13
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Configuration loaded {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Location”: “/app/config/config.yaml”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “storage.allocated-bandwidth”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “storage.allocated-disk-space”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “server.private-address”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “operator.wallet”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “contact.external-address”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “operator.wallet-features”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “server.address”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “operator.email”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file value for key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “log.encoding”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file value for key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “log.level”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Invalid configuration file value for key {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Key”: “log.stack”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Running on version {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Service”: “storagenode-updater”, “Version”: “v1.59.1”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Configuration loaded {“Process”: “storagenode”, “Location”: “/app/config/config.yaml”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Downloading versions. {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Server Address”: “https://version.storj.io”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.250Z INFO Operator email {“Process”: “storagenode”, “Address”: “e3eridani@protonmail.com”}
2022-07-27T20:43:43.251Z INFO Operator wallet {“Process”: “storagenode”, “Address”: “0x322ca03488Baf7fcdeB307cF315a4F155578F643”}
Error: Error starting master database on storagenode: database: piece_spaced_used opening file “config/storage/piece_spaced_used.db” failed: unable to open database file: no such file or directory
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.(*DB).openDatabase:324
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.(*DB).openExistingDatabase:306
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.(*DB).openDatabases:281
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.OpenExisting:248
main.cmdRun:193
storj.io/private/process.cleanup.func1.4:372
storj.io/private/process.cleanup.func1:390
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).execute:852
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).ExecuteC:960
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).Execute:897
storj.io/private/process.ExecWithCustomConfigAndLogger:93
main.main:479
runtime.main:255
2022-07-27 20:43:43,281 INFO exited: storagenode (exit status 1; not expected)
Seems you have lost a database
You can use this guide to re-create it: https://support.storj.io/hc/en-us/articles/4403032417044-How-to-fix-database-file-is-not-a-database-error
well, the files are there, nothing is lost.
I tried to recreate as you recomended. It created .db files and then gives the same error (now output with other .db file)
2022-07-27T21:18:56.482Z INFO Current binary version {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Service”: “storagenode”, “Version”: “v1.59.1”}
2022-07-27T21:18:56.482Z INFO Version is up to date {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Service”: “storagenode”}
2022-07-27T21:18:56.485Z INFO Current binary version {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Service”: “storagenode-updater”, “Version”: “v1.59.1”}
2022-07-27T21:18:56.485Z INFO Version is up to date {“Process”: “storagenode-updater”, “Service”: “storagenode-updater”}
2022-07-27 21:18:57,487 INFO success: processes-exit-eventlistener entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2022-07-27 21:18:57,488 INFO spawned: ‘storagenode’ with pid 53
2022-07-27 21:18:57,488 INFO success: storagenode-updater entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2022-07-27T21:18:57.508Z INFO Configuration loaded {“Process”: “storagenode”, “Location”: “/app/config/config.yaml”}
2022-07-27T21:18:57.509Z INFO Operator email {“Process”: “storagenode”, “Address”: “e3eridani@protonmail.com”}
2022-07-27T21:18:57.509Z INFO Operator wallet {“Process”: “storagenode”, “Address”: “0x322ca03488Baf7fcdeB307cF315a4F155578F643”}
Error: Error starting master database on storagenode: database: bandwidth opening file “config/storage/bandwidth.db” failed: unable to open database file: no such file or directory
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.(*DB).openDatabase:324
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.(*DB).openExistingDatabase:306
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.(*DB).openDatabases:281
storj.io/storj/storagenode/storagenodedb.OpenExisting:248
main.cmdRun:193
storj.io/private/process.cleanup.func1.4:372
storj.io/private/process.cleanup.func1:390
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).execute:852
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).ExecuteC:960
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).Execute:897
storj.io/private/process.ExecWithCustomConfigAndLogger:93
main.main:479
runtime.main:255
2022-07-27 21:18:57,513 INFO exited: storagenode (exit status 1; not expected)
Then it maybe a permission issue. If you added a --user option to your docker run command then please change the owner to your user recursively and grant rwx access rights to you user recursively for the data location. You also should add your user to the docker group and relogin before run the container.
sudo usermod -aG docker $(id -un)
Then logout and login back to apply the change.
Then replace the owner and grant an access to your user:
sudo chown $(id -un):$(id -gn) -R /mnt/storj/storagenode
sudo chmod u+rwx -R /mnt/storj/storagenode | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Niklas Tikkinen
Niklas Tikkinen (born June 1, 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey defenseman, currently playing with the Glasgow Clan in the UK's Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). Tikkinen was previously with the Herlev Eagles in the Danish Metal Ligaen. Tikkinen was selected by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 5th round (148th overall) of the 2012 NHL Entry Draft.
Tikkinen made his SM-liiga debut playing with Espoo Blues during the 2012–13 SM-liiga season. He has subsequently played in the HockeyAllsvenskan, the Alps Hockey League, the ICE Hockey League, and the Metal Ligaen. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cowboy Songs, Volume 1 (Bing Crosby album)
The result was delete. KTC (talk) 02:03, 22 November 2015 (UTC)
Cowboy Songs, Volume 1 (Bing Crosby album)
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Non notable compilation. Koala15 (talk) 02:11, 7 November 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Albums and songs-related deletion discussions. Shawn in Montreal (talk) 18:53, 7 November 2015 (UTC)
Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
* Delete as vinylcruft. The ridiculous references clearly establish the article as such, along with the entire lack of notability of this record.TheLongTone (talk) 16:20, 10 November 2015 (UTC)
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Spirit of Eagle (talk) 04:44, 14 November 2015 (UTC)
* Delete - No convincingly better sources. SwisterTwister talk 07:38, 14 November 2015 (UTC)
* Retain this fits in to the listing of 78 albums by Crosby and has historical significance showing the gradual updating to vinyl. Will add more info to it in next few days. MACWILMSLO
* Delete: Fails WP:NALBUMS. Azealia 911 talk 16:08, 17 November 2015 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Page:The Trespasser, Lawrence, 1912.djvu/226
218 neither subserved her. Her father’s quiet “H’m!” her mother’s curt question, made her draw inwards like a snail which can never retreat far enough from condemning eyes. She made a careless pretence of eating. She was like a child which has done wrong, and will not be punished, but will be left with the humiliating smear of offence upon it.
There was a quick, light palpitating of the knocker. Mrs. Verden went to the door.
“Has she come?”
And there were hasty steps along the passage. Louisa entered. She flung herself upon Helena and kissed her.
“How long have you been in?” she asked, in a voice trembling with affection.
“Ten minutes,” replied Helena.
“Why didn’t you send me the time of the train, so that I could come and meet you?” Louisa reproached her.
“Why?” drawled Helena.
Louisa looked at her friend without speaking. She was deeply hurt by this sarcasm.
As soon as possible Helena went upstairs. Louisa stayed with her that night. On the next day they were going to Cornwall together for their usual mid-summer holiday. They were to be accompanied by a third girl—a minor friend of Louisa, a slight acquaintance of Helena.
During the night neither of the two friends slept much. Helena made confidences to Louisa, who brooded on these, on the romance and tragedy which enveloped the girl she loved so dearly. Meanwhile, Helena’s thoughts went round and round, | WIKI |
User:S2art/Books/History of Bookmaking
From paper to screen sharing information
* History of paper
* History of printing
* Bookbinding
* Printing press
* Typography
* Typesetting
* Movable type
* Desktop publishing
* Photo-book
* E-book | WIKI |
Hong Kong Museum of Education
The Hong Kong Museum of Education (HKME) is a museum in Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong. The museum focuses on the history and development of education in the territory. The museum is located within the campus of the Education University of Hong Kong.
Exhibitions
The museum displays artifacts and material related to education and its history, which includes booklets, bulletins, certificates, photos, teaching tools, etc.
History
The museum was established on 15 May 2009.
Transportation
The museum is accessible by bus from Tai Po Market station of MTR. | WIKI |
blob: 9c25ab8315228b4fccc1e8bf771da33249dd9b56 [file] [log] [blame]
# Copyright 2011, Google Inc.
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
# met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
# distribution.
# * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
# this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
"""WebSocket utilities."""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import logging
import os
import re
import struct
import zlib
import six
from six.moves import map, range
try:
from pywebsocket3 import fast_masking
except ImportError:
pass
def prepend_message_to_exception(message, exc):
"""Prepend message to the exception."""
exc.args = (message + str(exc), )
return
def __translate_interp(interp, cygwin_path):
"""Translate interp program path for Win32 python to run cygwin program
(e.g. perl). Note that it doesn't support path that contains space,
which is typically true for Unix, where #!-script is written.
For Win32 python, cygwin_path is a directory of cygwin binaries.
Args:
interp: interp command line
cygwin_path: directory name of cygwin binary, or None
Returns:
translated interp command line.
"""
if not cygwin_path:
return interp
m = re.match('^[^ ]*/([^ ]+)( .*)?', interp)
if m:
cmd = os.path.join(cygwin_path, m.group(1))
return cmd + m.group(2)
return interp
def get_script_interp(script_path, cygwin_path=None):
r"""Get #!-interpreter command line from the script.
It also fixes command path. When Cygwin Python is used, e.g. in WebKit,
it could run "/usr/bin/perl -wT hello.pl".
When Win32 Python is used, e.g. in Chromium, it couldn't. So, fix
"/usr/bin/perl" to "<cygwin_path>\perl.exe".
Args:
script_path: pathname of the script
cygwin_path: directory name of cygwin binary, or None
Returns:
#!-interpreter command line, or None if it is not #!-script.
"""
fp = open(script_path)
line = fp.readline()
fp.close()
m = re.match('^#!(.*)', line)
if m:
return __translate_interp(m.group(1), cygwin_path)
return None
def hexify(s):
return ' '.join(['%02x' % x for x in six.iterbytes(s)])
def get_class_logger(o):
"""Return the logging class information."""
return logging.getLogger('%s.%s' %
(o.__class__.__module__, o.__class__.__name__))
def pack_byte(b):
"""Pack an integer to network-ordered byte"""
return struct.pack('!B', b)
class NoopMasker(object):
"""A NoOp masking object.
This has the same interface as RepeatedXorMasker but just returns
the string passed in without making any change.
"""
def __init__(self):
"""NoOp."""
pass
def mask(self, s):
"""NoOp."""
return s
class RepeatedXorMasker(object):
"""A masking object that applies XOR on the string.
Applies XOR on the byte string given to mask method with the masking bytes
given to the constructor repeatedly. This object remembers the position
in the masking bytes the last mask method call ended and resumes from
that point on the next mask method call.
"""
def __init__(self, masking_key):
self._masking_key = masking_key
self._masking_key_index = 0
def _mask_using_swig(self, s):
"""Perform the mask via SWIG."""
masked_data = fast_masking.mask(s, self._masking_key,
self._masking_key_index)
self._masking_key_index = ((self._masking_key_index + len(s)) %
len(self._masking_key))
return masked_data
def _mask_using_array(self, s):
"""Perform the mask via python."""
if isinstance(s, six.text_type):
raise Exception(
'Masking Operation should not process unicode strings')
result = bytearray(s)
# Use temporary local variables to eliminate the cost to access
# attributes
masking_key = [c for c in six.iterbytes(self._masking_key)]
masking_key_size = len(masking_key)
masking_key_index = self._masking_key_index
for i in range(len(result)):
result[i] ^= masking_key[masking_key_index]
masking_key_index = (masking_key_index + 1) % masking_key_size
self._masking_key_index = masking_key_index
return bytes(result)
if 'fast_masking' in globals():
mask = _mask_using_swig
else:
mask = _mask_using_array
# By making wbits option negative, we can suppress CMF/FLG (2 octet) and
# ADLER32 (4 octet) fields of zlib so that we can use zlib module just as
# deflate library. DICTID won't be added as far as we don't set dictionary.
# LZ77 window of 32K will be used for both compression and decompression.
# For decompression, we can just use 32K to cover any windows size. For
# compression, we use 32K so receivers must use 32K.
#
# Compression level is Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION. We don't have to match level
# to decode.
#
# See zconf.h, deflate.cc, inflate.cc of zlib library, and zlibmodule.c of
# Python. See also RFC1950 (ZLIB 3.3).
class _Deflater(object):
def __init__(self, window_bits):
self._logger = get_class_logger(self)
# Using the smallest window bits of 9 for generating input frames.
# On WebSocket spec, the smallest window bit is 8. However, zlib does
# not accept window_bit = 8.
#
# Because of a zlib deflate quirk, back-references will not use the
# entire range of 1 << window_bits, but will instead use a restricted
# range of (1 << window_bits) - 262. With an increased window_bits = 9,
# back-references will be within a range of 250. These can still be
# decompressed with window_bits = 8 and the 256-byte window used there.
#
# Similar disscussions can be found in https://crbug.com/691074
window_bits = max(window_bits, 9)
self._compress = zlib.compressobj(zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
zlib.DEFLATED, -window_bits)
def compress(self, bytes):
compressed_bytes = self._compress.compress(bytes)
self._logger.debug('Compress input %r', bytes)
self._logger.debug('Compress result %r', compressed_bytes)
return compressed_bytes
def compress_and_flush(self, bytes):
compressed_bytes = self._compress.compress(bytes)
compressed_bytes += self._compress.flush(zlib.Z_SYNC_FLUSH)
self._logger.debug('Compress input %r', bytes)
self._logger.debug('Compress result %r', compressed_bytes)
return compressed_bytes
def compress_and_finish(self, bytes):
compressed_bytes = self._compress.compress(bytes)
compressed_bytes += self._compress.flush(zlib.Z_FINISH)
self._logger.debug('Compress input %r', bytes)
self._logger.debug('Compress result %r', compressed_bytes)
return compressed_bytes
class _Inflater(object):
def __init__(self, window_bits):
self._logger = get_class_logger(self)
self._window_bits = window_bits
self._unconsumed = b''
self.reset()
def decompress(self, size):
if not (size == -1 or size > 0):
raise Exception('size must be -1 or positive')
data = b''
while True:
data += self._decompress.decompress(self._unconsumed,
max(0, size - len(data)))
self._unconsumed = self._decompress.unconsumed_tail
if self._decompress.unused_data:
# Encountered a last block (i.e. a block with BFINAL = 1) and
# found a new stream (unused_data). We cannot use the same
# zlib.Decompress object for the new stream. Create a new
# Decompress object to decompress the new one.
#
# It's fine to ignore unconsumed_tail if unused_data is not
# empty.
self._unconsumed = self._decompress.unused_data
self.reset()
if size >= 0 and len(data) == size:
# data is filled. Don't call decompress again.
break
else:
# Re-invoke Decompress.decompress to try to decompress all
# available bytes before invoking read which blocks until
# any new byte is available.
continue
else:
# Here, since unused_data is empty, even if unconsumed_tail is
# not empty, bytes of requested length are already in data. We
# don't have to "continue" here.
break
if data:
self._logger.debug('Decompressed %r', data)
return data
def append(self, data):
self._logger.debug('Appended %r', data)
self._unconsumed += data
def reset(self):
self._logger.debug('Reset')
self._decompress = zlib.decompressobj(-self._window_bits)
# Compresses/decompresses given octets using the method introduced in RFC1979.
class _RFC1979Deflater(object):
"""A compressor class that applies DEFLATE to given byte sequence and
flushes using the algorithm described in the RFC1979 section 2.1.
"""
def __init__(self, window_bits, no_context_takeover):
self._deflater = None
if window_bits is None:
window_bits = zlib.MAX_WBITS
self._window_bits = window_bits
self._no_context_takeover = no_context_takeover
def filter(self, bytes, end=True, bfinal=False):
if self._deflater is None:
self._deflater = _Deflater(self._window_bits)
if bfinal:
result = self._deflater.compress_and_finish(bytes)
# Add a padding block with BFINAL = 0 and BTYPE = 0.
result = result + pack_byte(0)
self._deflater = None
return result
result = self._deflater.compress_and_flush(bytes)
if end:
# Strip last 4 octets which is LEN and NLEN field of a
# non-compressed block added for Z_SYNC_FLUSH.
result = result[:-4]
if self._no_context_takeover and end:
self._deflater = None
return result
class _RFC1979Inflater(object):
"""A decompressor class a la RFC1979.
A decompressor class for byte sequence compressed and flushed following
the algorithm described in the RFC1979 section 2.1.
"""
def __init__(self, window_bits=zlib.MAX_WBITS):
self._inflater = _Inflater(window_bits)
def filter(self, bytes):
# Restore stripped LEN and NLEN field of a non-compressed block added
# for Z_SYNC_FLUSH.
self._inflater.append(bytes + b'\x00\x00\xff\xff')
return self._inflater.decompress(-1)
class DeflateSocket(object):
"""A wrapper class for socket object to intercept send and recv to perform
deflate compression and decompression transparently.
"""
# Size of the buffer passed to recv to receive compressed data.
_RECV_SIZE = 4096
def __init__(self, socket):
self._socket = socket
self._logger = get_class_logger(self)
self._deflater = _Deflater(zlib.MAX_WBITS)
self._inflater = _Inflater(zlib.MAX_WBITS)
def recv(self, size):
"""Receives data from the socket specified on the construction up
to the specified size. Once any data is available, returns it even
if it's smaller than the specified size.
"""
# TODO(tyoshino): Allow call with size=0. It should block until any
# decompressed data is available.
if size <= 0:
raise Exception('Non-positive size passed')
while True:
data = self._inflater.decompress(size)
if len(data) != 0:
return data
read_data = self._socket.recv(DeflateSocket._RECV_SIZE)
if not read_data:
return b''
self._inflater.append(read_data)
def sendall(self, bytes):
self.send(bytes)
def send(self, bytes):
self._socket.sendall(self._deflater.compress_and_flush(bytes))
return len(bytes)
# vi:sts=4 sw=4 et | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:CakeandRice911
Hey, I like news of sports, politics, and rescue stories. It's really hard to fine good news these days. --CakeandRice911 (talk) 13:57, 2 January 2010 (UTC) | WIKI |
Page:The Awkward Age (New York, Harper and Brothers, 1899).djvu/207
BOOK FIFTH: THE DUCHESS been reading." Then again to her fellow-visitor, as arrested by this very question: "Caro signore, have you a possible book?"
Little Aggie had got straight up and was holding out her volume, which Mr. Longdon, all courtesy for her, glanced at. "Stories from English History. Oh!"
His ejaculation, though vague, was not such as to prevent the girl from venturing gently: "Have you read it?"
Mr. Longdon, receiving her pure little smile, showed he felt that he had never so taken her in as at this moment, and also that she was a person with whom he should surely get on. "I think I must have."
Little Aggie was still more encouraged, but not to the point of keeping anything back. "It hasn't any author. It's anonymous."
The Duchess borrowed, for another question to Mr. Longdon, not a little of her gravity. "Is it all right?"
"I don't know"—his answer was to Aggie. "There have been some horrid things in English history."
"Oh, horrid—haven't there?" Aggie, whose speech had the prettiest, faintest foreignness, sweetly and eagerly quavered.
"Well, darling, Mr. Longdon will recommend to you some nice historical work—for we love history, don't we?—that leaves the horrors out. We like to know," the Duchess explained to the authority she invoked, "the cheerful, happy, right hings. There are so many, after all, and this is the place to remember them. A tantôt."
As she passed into the house by the nearest of the long windows that stood open Mr. Longdon placed himself beside her little charge, whom he treated, for the next ten minutes, with an exquisite courtesy. A person who knew him well would, if present at the scene, have found occasion in it to be freshly aware that he was, in his quiet way, master of two distinct kinds of urbanity, the 197 | WIKI |
Violence against women in Peru
Violence against women in Peru is defined as harassment or violence propagated against those who are born women. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of gender-based violence that occurs though it can occur concurrently with sexual and emotional violence.
Peruvian women fare differently than men, experiencing higher rates of poverty and domestic and sexual violence. According to the World Health Organization, 49% of ever-partnered women (women who had been married, lived with a man, or had a regular sexual partner) in Lima and 61% in Cusco reported physical violence by a partner at some time in their life. For sexual violence by a partner these percentages were 23% in Lima and 47% in Cusco.
Gender-based violence
The status and discrimination of women in Peru is complex because it varies with class, ethnicity, and the economic place of women in traditional Peruvian society. Unlike women in the U.S., women who live in Peru have often been involved in agricultural products as well as handicraft. This complexity has often not been recognized by the Peruvian government.
The Peruvian Constitution of 1993 recognized a person's fundamental right to its moral, physical, and psychological integrity. However, it didn't specifically expand these protections to women, nor does it have specific discrimination laws that apply to women. The following sections outline the types of gender-based violence that women experience.
Domestic violence
In 2006, Ministry of Women and Social Development (MIMDES) centers reported 25,036 cases of domestic violence in Peru. The centers helped an average of 2,067 men and women per month. MIMDES also operated a toll-free hot line, which handled 7,785 requests for assistance regarding family disturbances during 2006.
Women's organizations noted that alcohol abuse and traditional attitudes toward women aggravated the problems of rape and sexual abuse - particularly in rural areas. In November 2006, the World Health Organization reported that 69 percent of Peruvian women said they had suffered from some form of physical violence in their lives.
Abuses are aggravated and perpetuated law enforcement practice, and laws that government discrimination against women. MIMDES and NGOs stated that many domestic abuse cases went unreported. NGO sources stated that the majority of reported cases did not result in formal charges because of fear of retaliation or because of the expense of filing a complaint. The legal and physical protections offered were limited because of legal delays, ambiguities in the law, and the lack of shelters for victims. According to a study done in Lima, Peru in 2007, abused women have a 1.63-fold increased risk for unintended pregnancy. Additionally, women who have experienced both physical and sexual abuse are 3.31 fold more likely to get unintentionally pregnant.
Stereotypes and traditions normalize cycles of abuse. Across socioeconomic urban classes, "Mas me pegas, mas te quiero" (The more you beat me, the more I love you) is used to refer to amor serrano (high land love). This suggest two things: first, those in Peru tend to blame battered women who are poor and indigenous for the abuse they experience and second, that women enjoy violence.
Migration within Peru remains a significant issue in Peru. According to Alcalde, it can produce one of two outcomes. First, it may allow a woman to leave her abuser behind but second, migration to Lima may further entrench violence because women (in a new city) have to rely on an abusive partner.
Femicides
Between the years 2010 and 2017, 837 women were murdered in Peru while another 1,172 murder attempts were made during the period. A 2015 study found that in about 81% of the cases of attempted femicide, no measures were taken by authorities to protect the survivor, and 24% of women who turned to the justice system for help were later murdered by the very men from whom they had sought protection.
LGBTQ violence
There has been a significant amount of violence propagated against the Peruvian LGBTQ population. First, according to a study done to determine the prevalence of sexual coercion among young adults in Peru, men and women who reported heterosexual coercion reported more lifetime STDs, lower age at first sex, and future homosexual behavior in men.
Second, the Peruvian transgender population has also faced discrimination and violence. Studies among MSM in Peru have shown that trans women show a higher proportion of HIV infection. This is often linked to higher rates of drug abuse, sex work, and lack of access to education. Additionally, trans women in Peru are often victims of IPV and do not receive aid from the police. These factors have caused overall HIV prevalence among trans women in Lima, Peru to be 29.6%.
Sexual violence
Peru demonstrates the complicity of the state government in the perpetration and perpetuation of sexual violence. However, the rationale and motives for committing sexual violence have differed across region and changed over time.
Whether the state promotes sexual violence or rather just allows it to occur is difficult to ascertain because of lack of access to classified state record or testimonies. However, aggregated analyses have shown a pattern in state conflict and sexual violence. Through Peru's conflict with rebels, there were two peaks in the number of sexual abuses that corresponded with particularly difficult times during the conflict. Linked with the weakening of the PCP-SL after Abimael Guzmán was captured in 1992, the number of sexual violence incidents in Peru decreased significantly. This correlation suggests that the state used sexual violence as a tool of war. However, though it was widespread, sexual violence in Peru tended to be more selected and perpetrated with deliberation - about 71% of cases involved a single victims. Rather than engaging in gang-rape, victims were often picked if they were identified as opposition to the state.
Past sexual violence against women during this period of internal conflict, the shocks of the violence had long-term health implications for women. Based on a study done by Grimard et al., the shock of the violence had an adverse effect on pregnant women, often stunting the growth of their children. This was true even when controlling for socioeconomic conditions.
In 2001, Interim President Valentín Paniagua chartered a twelve-person commission to investigate human rights violations. The commission took about two years to submit its final report. The report found that rape was the most frequent for of abuse, constituting about 48% in Peru. Military officials were the most frequent offender (48% in Peru). Additionally, sexual violence was most often committed while victims were detained (52% in Peru).
Finally, sexual violence in Peru was and often still is perpetuated towards its indigenous population. According to the National Statistics Institute, 20% of Peru's population is indigenous. These communities are politically and economically disadvantaged in comparison with the national population. The state responded with disproportionate violence and repression.
Street harassment
On par with other Latin American countries, street harassment is a prevalent problem in Peru. As a result, citizens created the Paremos el Acoso Callejero (PAC) initiative in 2012, which translates to 'Let's stop street harassment'. The purpose of this initiative was to analyze the structures of everyday violence towards women in Peru, such as catcalling. Additionally, this initiative was unique because it started on Facebook, Twitter, and DATEA, a platform that gives women the opportunity to geo-reference their experiences. Past being broadly successful with women, the PAC initiative has partnered with the Peruvian parliament spurring the only anti-street harassment law in Latin America.
Prevention programs
The Peruvian government and population has recognized gender-based as a prevalent issue. Therefore, it has instituted a variety of programs to address violence directed towards women.
Law
The law prohibits domestic violence, and penalties range from one month to six years in prison. The law gives judges and prosecutors the authority to prevent the convicted spouse or parent from returning to the family's home and authorizes the victim's relatives and unrelated persons living in the home to file complaints of domestic violence.
The law also allows health professionals to document injuries. The law requires police investigation of domestic violence to take place within five days and obliges authorities to extend protection to women and children who are victims of domestic violence.
Specific laws that address intimate partner violence (IPL) in Peru include the Family Violence Law (FVL) in 1993. Several non-partisan organizations in Peru have applauded this law to address domestic violence, but say that there should be other factors included. For example, non-married couples are not included under the law. Additionally, the law does not cover victims of sexual violence and victims have to undergo a long, bureaucratic processes to press charges. Finally, the other flaw is that the laws require couples to attempt reconciliation even with proof of abuse.
Attempting to use Western-informed laws to address gender-based violence in Peru often fail because they don't take into account unique cultural or political factors that affect behavior. Studies contend that Peru should attempt to identify its own risk factors.
NGOs
MIMDES runs the Women's Emergency Program, which seeks to address the legal, psychological, and medical problems facing victims of domestic violence. As of 2006 MIMDES operated 39 centers, bringing together police, prosecutors, counselors, and public welfare agents together to help victims of domestic abuse. MIMDES continues efforts to sensitize government employees and the citizenry to domestic violence. In 2006, the Ombudsman's Office continued to complain that police officers reacted indifferently to charges of domestic violence, despite legal requirements to investigate the complaints. Also in 2006, female community leaders, former members of congress, and local media outlets launched awareness campaigns to provide citizens with more information about domestic violence.
Second, the Women's Information and Documentation Centre's main objective is to contribute to the equality between the genders and to facilitate changes in Peruvian society. Through mostly cultural means, it retains bibliographical information.
Third, there have been several groups that have engaged in advocacy and consciousness-raising regarding violence against the Peruvian LGBTQ population. For example, GALF, a Peruvian feminist lesbian group, organized to spur change against lesbophobia. GALF built partnerships within the gay community as well as with heterosexual feminist groups and services. | WIKI |
Page:The Wonderful Visit.djvu/142
130 there is no adamantine ground for any belief. But one gets into a regular way of taking things. This disturbs it. I seem to be waking up to the Invisible. It is the strangest of uncertainties. I have not felt so stirred and unsettled since my adolescence." | WIKI |
The Light upon the Candlestick
The Light upon the Candlestick is an anonymous mystical tract published in Holland in 1662. Translated into English in 1663, it became a popular text among English Quakers.
The tract promotes the idea that the Light of God can be found within each individual. Personal experience of the Divine is the only authentic path to Truth.
History
Authorship of the text is unclear. It was possibly originally composed in Latin as Lucerna Super Candelabrum by Adam Boreel, translated into Low-Dutch by Peter Balling in 1662 and into English by B.F. (Benjamin Furly) in 1663. The English title page reads, "“The LIGHT upon the Candlestick. Serving for Observation of the principal things in the Book called; The Mysteries of the Kingdom of God, &c against several Professors, Treated of, and written by Will. Ames…Printed in Low-Dutch for the Author, 1662. and translated into English by B.F.”"
This has led to the supposition that William Ames was the author of The Light upon the Candlestick, but the wording means that The Light upon the Candlestick agrees in principle with the work The Mysteries of the Kingdom of God by William Ames. As the title page says it was printed for the Author, it is likely that the tract was printed for the Author of The Mysteries of the Kingdom of God, William Ames, to support his position “against several Professors” of the Collegiants with whom he was in disagreement.
In the mid-seventeenth century there was a Quaker community in Holland seeking sanctuary from persecution in England. There they came into contact with the radical Protestant sect of the Collegiants. William Ames was a Quaker minister who, after being imprisoned for his beliefs in Ireland, moved to Amsterdam, where he preached with John Stubbs. William Ames zealously preached to the Collegiants and they were initially in accord although later they fell out.
Adam Boreel was a Dutch theologian and Hebrew scholar, a leader of the Collegiants and a friend of Baruch Spinoza; Peter Balling was a member of the Collegiants; Benjamin Furly, associated with John Locke, George Fox and William Penn, was an English Quaker merchant then living in Rotterdam.
Contents
The Light upon the Candlestick proposes that God is the origin of all knowledge. We can only be aware of God’s working in the world because we have a prior knowledge of God. One can become aware of the Light of God only by seeking inward. "“This Light is the inward ear by which alone, and by no other, the voice of God that is the Truth, can he heard.”"
Following this Inward light will result in Union with God. | WIKI |
Biometric Clocks
Characteristics of the watches biometric and the systems biometric biometric clocks are used very often in offices, in many other institutions and air terminals, due to its efficiency to take care of security, its precision and its speed. These devices make use of biometrics, which is the new paradigm in the identification process. Biometrics is the science that deals with analyzing and establish the qualities that make different to all human beings. In this way, biometrics has been able to work on factors such as fingerprints, iris or retina patterns, hand geometry and patterns of veins. This type of qualities are called physical, but there are other qualities that are order behavioral such as how to walk, how to write and the manner of speaking. All these qualities are intrinsic to every human being and it is therefore that they can be used in many applications such as security and control.
In this way, is that it has been possible to create a number of developments, among which the clocks biometric shine with their own light. To use a biometric clock, the Organization and its staff must go through a workout. This training includes terminology and the study of the basic components of the system. In the course principles, processes, equipment and an introduction are also indicators biometric such as fingers, face, voice, hand and retina. Companies who design and install these technologies, can send personnel to train their clients, even though it also has interactive courses online.
Whether with staff or by Internet, the purpose of these trainings is to help incorporate and maintain biometric verification systems. Biometric clocks can be connected to the mechanism of a door and as soon as that is the access, the door closes automatically. Most of these devices also have voice commands, telling the user if you can login to a particular site, or if there have been problems with the analysis of your biometric sample. One of the things that most called the attention of the persons or organizations that adopt these technologies is that biometric clocks can be attached to other systems. Thus, these devices can be connected by Internet or intranet with other systems, to establish very complete control and security systems. Companies, should today, train their employees about the importance and use of biometric systems and biometric clocks in particular. Biometric systems are appliances that analyze particular qualities, such as fingerprints. With the use of these systems you can count with mechanisms for access control and many more applications. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Thyridolepis
Last updated
Thyridolepis
Thyridolepis habit.jpg
Thyridolepis mitchelliana
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Supertribe: Panicodae
Tribe: Paniceae
Subtribe: Neurachninae
Genus: Thyridolepis
S.T.Blake
Type species
Thyridolepis mitchelliana
(Nees) S.T.Blake
Thyridolepis is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family. [1] [2] [3]
Species [4] [5] [6]
Related Research Articles
Cyperaceae Family of flowering plants known as sedges
The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera, the largest being the "true sedges" genus Carex with over 2,000 species.
Restionaceae
The Restionaceae, also called restiads and restios, are a family of flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere; they vary from a few centimeters to 3 meters in height. Following the APG IV (2016): the family now includes the former families Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae and Lyginiaceae, and as such includes 51 genera with 572 known species. Based on evidence from fossil pollens, the Restionaceae likely originated more than 65 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period, when the southern continents were still part of Gondwana.
<i>Triodia</i> (plant) Genus of plants
Triodia is a large genus of hummock-forming bunchgrass endemic to Australia. They are known by the common name spinifex, although they are not a part of the coastal genus Spinifex. Many of the soft-leaved members of this species were formerly included in the genus Plectrachne.
<i>Zygochloa</i> Species of plant
Zygochloa is a genus of desert plants in the grass family known only from Australia. The only known species is Zygochloa paradoxa, commonly known as sandhill canegrass. It occurs in extremely arid areas such as the Simpson Desert.
<i>Bothriochloa</i> Genus of plants
Bothriochloa is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem.
<i>Eleocharis</i> Genus of grasses
Eleocharis is a virtually cosmopolitan genus of 250 or more species of flowering plants in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. The name is derived from the Greek words ἕλειος (heleios), meaning "marsh dweller," and χάρις (charis), meaning "grace." Members of the genus are known commonly as spikerushes or spikesedges. The genus has a geographically cosmopolitan distribution, with centers of diversity in the Amazon Rainforest and adjacent eastern slopes of the South American Andes, northern Australia, eastern North America, California, Southern Africa, and subtropical Asia. The vast majority of Eleocharis species grow in aquatic or mesic habitats from sea level to higher than 5,000 meters in elevation.
<i>Gahnia</i> Genus of grasses
Gahnia is a genus of sedges native to China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and a number of Pacific Islands. The common name is due to the toothed margins. It often forms tussocks.
Pheidochloa is a genus of Australian and Papuasian plants in the grass family.
Plinthanthesis is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family.
Ancistrachne is a genus of plants in the grass family.
<i>Cleistochloa</i> Genus of grasses
Cleistochloa is a genus of bunchgrasses in the family Poaceae, found in southwestern in Oceania.
<i>Schizachyrium</i> Genus of grasses
Schizachyrium is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek words σχίζειν, meaning "to split," and ἄχυρον, meaning "chaff." It refers to either the glume or the toothed lemmas.
Thaumastochloa is a genus of Australian, Papuasian, and Indonesian plants in the grass family.
<i>Paraneurachne</i> Genus of grasses
Paraneurachne is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Paraneurachne muelleri native to Western Australia, South Australia, Northern Territory, and Queensland.
Ectrosia is a genus of Asian, Australian, and Pacific Island plants in the grass family.
Germainia is a genus of Chinese, Asian and Australian plants in the grass family.
<i>Iseilema</i> Genus of grasses
Iseilema, commonly known in Australia as Flinders grass, is a genus of Asian and Australian plants in the grass family.
<i>Neurachne</i> Genus of Australian grasses
Neurachne, commonly called mulga grass, is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family.
<i>Gahnia grandis</i> Species of plant
Gahnia grandis is a tussock-forming perennial plant found in southeastern mainland Australia and Tasmania.
<i>Bothriochloa macra</i> Species of plant
Bothriochloa macra, commonly known as red-leg grass, red grass, redleg or pitted beard grass is a perennial grass species that is native to eastern Australia and New Zealand. It is naturalised in Tasmania and Norfolk Island.
References | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Joseph O. Rogers Jr.
Joseph O. Rogers Jr. (October 8, 1921 – April 6, 1999) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the South Carolina House of Representatives.
Life and career
Rogers was born in Mullins, South Carolina, the son of Lila McDonald and Joseph Oscar Rogers. He attended Charleston High School, the College of Charleston, The Citadel and the University of South Carolina School of Law.
In 1955, Rogers was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives, serving until 1966, when he was a Republican candidate for governor of South Carolina, losing against Robert Evander McNair.
In 1969, Rogers served as United States Attorney for the Eastern District of South Carolina, serving until 1970.
Rogers died in April 1999, at the age of 77. | WIKI |
التشخيص
To diagnose Zenker's diverticulum, a healthcare professional, often an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist, does a physical exam and asks about your symptoms.
A healthcare professional examines a person. Examining a person
A Mayo Clinic healthcare professional examines a person.
Tests
The test most often done to diagnose Zenker's diverticulum is a barium swallow. In this test, a specialist takes a series of X-rays of the digestive tract after you swallow a liquid that coats the walls of the digestive tract. The liquid, called barium sulfate, makes the digestive tract easier to see on X-ray.
العلاج
To treat Zenker's diverticulum, surgery or other procedures may be needed. Eating softer foods in smaller bites might help with swallowing if you have mild symptoms of Zenker's diverticulum. Your healthcare professional might suggest a dietician to help you learn what to eat.
Types of surgeries or other procedures
Repairing the esophagus with a procedure or surgery is the most common treatment for Zenker's diverticulum that's causing symptoms. Often, ear, nose and throat conditions (ENT) specialists do the procedure or surgery. They often do the procedure through a tube called an endoscope that goes into the mouth to the esophagus. This is less invasive than open surgery.
Endoscope procedures to repair Zenker's diverticulum, sometimes called endoscopic repairs, most often have shorter surgery times and may have a shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery. They also often have similar results and improve Zenker's diverticulum symptoms for people as much as open surgery. But people who have endoscope procedures might have a higher risk of a Zenker's diverticulum coming back.
There are two main types of endoscope procedures used to repair Zenker's diverticulum. They each take about 1 to 2 hours to do.
• Rigid endoscope procedure. Before the procedure, you're given medicine called general anesthesia to put you into a sleeplike state. The ENT specialist uses a rigid endoscope to get to the esophagus. A rigid endoscope doesn't bend or twist. The ENT specialist often uses a laser or may use a stapler to widen the opening to the bulge.
Sometimes, the ENT specialist can remove the pouch with the laser device. This is called an endoscopic diverticulectomy. Electrocautery is another choice, but it's rarely used with the rigid endoscope procedure.
• Flexible endoscope procedure. Before this procedure, you may get medicine that causes a near sleeplike state, called deep sedation, or general anesthesia. The endoscope is flexible. A surgeon uses an electric current, called electrocautery, to cut the bulge. Clips may be used for any bleeding.
Repairing Zenker's diverticulum sometimes may need to be done in an open surgery, sometimes called an open repair. Before the procedure, you're given general anesthesia. The ENT specialist makes a cut, called an incision, in the neck to remove the bulge.
This surgery most often takes 2 to 3 hours. People who have this type of surgery often stay in the hospital for one or more days. This surgery eases symptoms for most people.
Possible complications
Possible complications of surgery to repair Zenker's diverticulum may include:
• Infection.
• Blood clots.
• Reactions to anesthesia.
• A hole in the esophagus.
• Dental injury such as a chipped tooth when surgery is done using an endoscope.
Results
Both endoscopic and open surgery ease Zenker's diverticulum symptoms for most people. Endoscope procedures most often have shorter surgery times. Hospital stays often are just one night for endoscopic and open surgeries.
Open surgery leaves a small scar in the neck. Open surgery also can have a bit higher risk of a hole in the esophagus compared to endoscopic techniques. For a large Zenker's diverticulum, open surgery may be the best choice for full removal of the pouch.
If the first procedure doesn't ease symptoms or if Zenker's diverticulum comes back, you may need another procedure. And if Zenker's diverticulum comes back, it often has no symptoms. Researchers study newer ways of fixing the condition.
التجارب السريرية
استكشِف دراسات مايو كلينك حول التطورات الجديدة في مجال العلاجات والتدخلات الطبية والاختبارات المستخدمة للوقاية من هذه الحالة الصحية وعلاجها وإدارتها.
الاستعداد لموعدك
If you have trouble swallowing or other symptoms of Zenker's diverticulum, make an appointment with your primary healthcare professional. You may be sent to a specialist in illnesses of the ear, nose and throat, called an otolaryngologist or ear, nose and throat specialist (ENT).
Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment.
What you can do
When you make the appointment, ask if there's anything you need to do in advance, such as fasting before having a certain test. Make a list of:
• Your symptoms, including any that seem unrelated to the reason for your appointment, and when they began.
• Key personal information, including major stresses, recent life changes and family medical history.
• All medicines, vitamins or other supplements you take, including doses.
• Questions to ask your healthcare professional.
Take a family member or friend along, if possible, to help you remember the information you get.
For Zenker's diverticulum, basic questions to ask include:
• What's likely causing my symptoms?
• What tests do I need?
• Is my condition likely to go away or be long lasting?
• What's the best course of action?
• I have these other health conditions. How can I best manage them together?
• Are there restrictions I need to follow?
• Should I see a specialist?
• Are there brochures or other printed material I can have? What websites do you suggest?
Be sure to ask all the questions you have.
What to expect from your doctor
Your healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, such as:
• Have your symptoms been ongoing or do they come and go?
• How severe are your symptoms?
• What, if anything, seems to make your symptoms better?
• What, if anything, seems to make your symptoms worse?
What you can do in the meantime
If you have trouble swallowing, try eating softer foods and taking smaller bites.
18/06/2024
1. Ferri FF. Zenker diverticulum. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2024. Elsevier; 2024. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 22, 2024.
2. AskMayoExpert. Zenker diverticulum and cricopharyngeal dysfunction (adult). Mayo Clinic; 2023.
3. Zenker's diverticulum. ENThealth. https://www.enthealth.org/conditions/zenkers-diverticulum/. Accessed March 22, 2024.
4. Flint PW, et al., eds. Zenker diverticulum. In: Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 22, 2024.
5. Van Delft F. Zenker's diverticulum. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed March 22, 2024.
6. Fair L, et al. Modern approaches to treating Zenker's diverticulum. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. 2023; doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000941.
7. Townsend CM Jr, et al. Esophagus. In: Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. 21st ed. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 28, 2024.
8. Wagh M, et al. How to approach a patient with Zenker's diverticulum. Gastroenterology. 2021; doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.018.
9. Wallerius KP, et al. Comparing open versus rigid endoscopic and flexible endoscopic techniques for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum. Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. 2023; doi:10.1002/ohn.318.
10. Ekbom DC (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Accessed April 18, 2024.
ذات صلة | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Branch and bound
Branch and bound
Branch and bound (BB) is a general algorithm for finding optimal solutions of various optimization problems, especially in discrete and combinatorial optimization. It consists of a systematic enumeration of all candidate solutions, where large subsets of fruitless candidates are discarded "en masse", by using upper and lower estimated bounds of the quantity being optimized.
The method was first proposed by A. H. Land and A. G. Doig in 1960 for linear programming.
General description
For definiteness, we assume that the goal is to find the minimum value of a function f(x) (e.g., the cost of manufacturing a certain product), where x ranges over some set S of "admissible" or "candidate solutions" (the "search space" or "feasible region").
A branch-and-bound procedure requires two tools. The first one is a "splitting" procedure that, given a set S of candidates, returns two or more smaller sets S_1, S_2, ldots whose union covers S. Note that the minimum of f(x) over S is min{v_1, v_2, ldots}, where each v_i is the minimum of f(x) within S_i. This step is called branching, since its recursive application defines a tree structure (the "search tree") whose "nodes" are the subsets of S.
Another tool is a procedure that computes upper and lower bounds for the minimum value of f(x) within a given subset S. This step is called bounding.
The key idea of the BB algorithm is: if the "lower" bound for some tree node (set of candidates) A is greater than the "upper" bound for some other node B, then A may be safely discarded from the search. This step is called pruning, and is usually implemented by maintaining a shared variable m that records the minimum upper bound seen among all subregions examined so far. Any node whose lower bound is greater than m can be discarded.
The recursion stops when the current candidate set S is reduced to a single element; or also when the upper bound for set S matches the lower bound. Either way, any element of S will be a minimum of the function within S.
Effective subdivision
The efficiency of the method depends strongly on the node-splitting procedure and on the upper and lower bound estimators. All other things being equal, it is best to choose a splitting method that provides non-overlapping subsets.
Ideally the procedure stops when all nodes of the search tree are either pruned or solved. At that point, all non-pruned subregions will have their upper and lower bounds equal to the global minimum of the function. In practice the procedure is often terminated after a given time; at that point, the maximum lower bound and the minimum upper bound, among all non-pruned sections, define a range of values that contains the global minimum. Alternatively, within an overriding time constraint, the algorithm may be terminated when some "error criterion", such as "(max-min)/ (min + max)", falls below a specified value.
The efficiency of the method depends critically on the effectiveness of the branching and bounding algorithms used; bad choices could lead to repeated branching, without any pruning, until the sub-regions become very small. In that case the method would be reduced to an exhaustive enumeration of the domain, which is often impractically large. There is no universal bounding algorithm that works for all problems, and there is little hope that one will ever be found; therefore the general paradigm needs to be implemented separately for each application, with branching and bounding algorithms that are specially designed for it.
Branch and bound methods may be classified according to the bounding methods and according to the ways of creating/inspecting the search tree nodes.
The branch-and-bound design strategy is very similar to backtracking in that a state space tree is used to solve a problem. The differences are that the branch-and-bound method (1) does not limit us to any particular way of traversing the tree and (2) is used only for optimization problems.
This method naturally lends itself for parallel and distributed implementations, see, e.g., the traveling salesman problem article.
Applications
This approach is used for a number of NP-hard problems, such as
* Knapsack problem
* Integer programming
* Nonlinear programming
* Traveling salesman problem (TSP)
* Quadratic assignment problem (QAP)
* Maximum satisfiability problem (MAX-SAT)
* Nearest neighbor search (NNS)
* False noise analysis (FNA)
It may also be a base of various heuristics. For example, one may wish to stop branching when the gap between the upper and lower bounds becomes smaller than a certain threshold. This is used when the solution is "good enough for practical purposes" and can greatly reduce the computations required. This type of solution is particularly applicable when the cost function used is "noisy" or is the result of statistical estimates and so is not known precisely but rather only known to lie within a range of values with a specific probability. An example of its application here is in biology when performing cladistic analysis to evaluate evolutionary relationships between organisms, where the data sets are often impractically large without heuristics.
For this reason, branch-and-bound techniques are often used in game tree search algorithms, most notably through the use of alpha-beta pruning.
See also
* A* search algorithm
* Classes of algorithms by design paradigm
External links
* [http://plagiata.net.ru/?p=100 Branch and bound on Delphi]
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
• Branch-and-Bound — (Verzweigung und Schranke) ist eine im Bereich Operations Research häufig verwendete mathematische Methode, deren Ziel darin besteht, für ein gegebenes ganzzahliges Optimierungsproblem eine beste Lösung zu finden. Branch and Bound führt auf einen … Deutsch Wikipedia
• Branch and Bound — (Verzweigung und Schranke) ist eine im Bereich Operations Research häufig verwendete mathematische Methode, deren Ziel darin besteht, für ein gegebenes ganzzahliges Optimierungsproblem eine beste Lösung zu finden. Branch and Bound führt auf einen … Deutsch Wikipedia
• Branch and bound — (Verzweigung und Schranke) ist eine im Bereich Operations Research häufig verwendete mathematische Methode, deren Ziel darin besteht, für ein gegebenes ganzzahliges Optimierungsproblem eine beste Lösung zu finden. Branch and Bound führt auf einen … Deutsch Wikipedia
• Branch and bound — Séparation et évaluation Un algorithme par séparation et évaluation, également appelé selon le terme anglo saxon branch and bound, est une méthode générique de résolution de problèmes d optimisation, et plus particulièrement d optimisation… … Wikipédia en Français
• Branch-and-Bound-Verfahren — Branch and Bound Verfahren, Entscheidungsbaumverfahren … Universal-Lexikon
• Branch-and-bound-Verfahren — [ brɑːntʃənd baʊnd ; englisch], Operationsresearch: Entscheidungsbaumverfahren … Universal-Lexikon
• Branch-and-Bound-Verfahren — 1. Begriff: Verfahren des ⇡ Operations Research, bei dem ein zu lösendes kombinatorisches Optimierungsproblem (endliche Anzahl unabhängiger Variablen mit diskretem Wertevorrat) keiner effektiven analytischen Behandlung zugänglich ist oder… … Lexikon der Economics
• Branch and Cut — bzw. Verzweigung und Schnitt bezeichnet in der kombinatorischen Optimierung, einem Teilgebiet der diskreten Mathematik, ein Verfahren zur Lösung ganzzahliger linearer Optimierungsprobleme. Das Verfahren besteht aus der Kombination von… … Deutsch Wikipedia
• Branch-and-Cut — bzw. Verzweigung und Schnitt bezeichnet in der kombinatorischen Optimierung, einem Teilgebiet der diskreten Mathematik, ein Verfahren zur Lösung ganzzahliger linearer Optimierungsprobleme. Das Verfahren besteht aus der Kombination von… … Deutsch Wikipedia
• Branch and cut — (sometimes written as branch and cut ) is a method of combinatorial optimization for solving integer linear programs, that is, linear programming problems where some or all the unknowns are restricted to integer values. The method is a hybrid of… … Wikipedia | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Music of the Spheres.djvu/136
3rd magnitude star, Albireo, is a favorite with amateur astronomers, for it has a 5th magnitude companion star of the richest and most vivid greenish-blue. This lovely double star with its sharply contrasted colors may be seen to good advantage in a small telescope and vies in beauty with the famous three-colored star, Gamma Andromedæ.
Deneb, the brilliant white star at the head of the Cross, is a very distant sun but is so large that it shines forth brightly among our finest stars. It is estimated by astronomers as being at a much greater distance than the Harp Star, Vega, and Vega is distant about 232 millions of millions of miles!
In contrast to the huge sun that Deneb must be to shine so brightly at its great distance, there is a little star above the armpiece on the eastern side of the Cross, which is the nearest star to the earth that has yet been found, as seen from the northern hemisphere. This faint star is really a very tiny sun for nine more similar suns thrown into it and blazing as one big fire, would no more than equal our sun in brilliancy.
In the vicinity of 61 Cygni, is a large, mysterious, black spot visible on account of the glow of light from the densely packed stars of the Milky Way. This spot was first described as being "like a hole" and was curiously named "A Sack of Coals." Science later suggested that since we have dark suns perhaps we also have dark nebulæ and that such an object may be lying between us and those distant stars. The late E. E. Barnard of Yerkes Observatory made extensive studies of the distribution of nebular matter and he seems to have definitely proved the existence of "dark nebulæ." The black spots and "rifts" in the | WIKI |
COVID-19
CORONAVIRUS VACCINATION FAQS
CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) VACCINATION FAQS
Borrego Health is excited to offer COVID-19 vaccinations at our clinics in Riverside, San Bernardino and San Diego counties. COVID-19 vaccine eligibility is based on local, State and Federal guidelines.
Borrego Health would like to take this opportunity to address some questions and concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine.
Frequently asked questions
Is the vaccine safe?
Safety has been the top priority as federal agencies work with developers to develop an effective COVID-19 vaccine. Despite the rapid development, large clinical trials have shown the vaccines to be safe and highly effective. Data from these studies have shown that the known and potential benefits of the vaccine outweigh the risks of COVID-19 infection. Several safety-monitoring systems are in place to watch for public side effects and these measures will help ensure that any side effect trends will be evaluated and reported upon effectively. The Centers for Disease Control and the Federal Drug Administration have added additional layers of monitoring such as the Vsafe smart phone tool (https://vsafe.cdc.gov/). Vsafe provides personal check-ins after you received the vaccine. It monitors how you feel and sends reminders of your second dose. In participating in this optional program, you can help the CDC track side effects which may help them identify any trends more efficiently.
What if I have been very cautious during the quarantine, do I still need the vaccine?
Since the pandemic started, the importance of following safety guidelines like masking and maintaining physical distancing have been stressed. While they have demonstrated to be effective in decreasing the risk of spread, these measures are not always guaranteed to prevent against infection and spreading the virus to others. This is especially important as we are learning about variations of the virus that seem to have a higher transmission rate, or are spread more easily from one person to the next. Getting the vaccine creates an antibody response in your immune system so your body will be ready to fight the virus. The vaccine helps to prevent you from getting COVID-19 or, if you do get the virus, being vaccinated should protect you from getting seriously ill. In a recent study of over 500,000 patients in Israel, there were only four patients who were verified to have COVID-19 after full vaccination and there were no reported deaths due to COVID-19 in any of the vaccinated patients.
Why is it so hard to get an appointment to be vaccinated?
At this point, there has been delays in rollout of the vaccine at the federal government level. The federal government has been sending doses to the individual states who then distribute them to the individual counties. As you can imagine, there is some lag with so many levels of handling. In recent weeks, the state of California has collaborated with a third party vendor to assist the roll out. It is our hopes that this will make for a more efficient streamlined delivery process. In that respect, Borrego Health would be able to anticipate how many vaccines that we may be receiving and more easily plan for vaccination events. The vaccines come in vials that have 10 doses per vial. The vial first needs to be thawed prior to vaccination. Once thawed, we can start using. Once we puncture the first vial, all doses must be used within 6 hours or we are forced to dispose of any remaining doses. For this reason, we are scheduling all appointments so we ensure we open enough vials for the number of patients that we anticipate. It is important that if you are unable to make your scheduled appointment that you call the clinic. Doing so will allow us to quickly call another patient to receive that dose. I am happy to report that in the weeks that we have been vaccinating, we have not needed to dispose of any wasted doses.
What can I expect on the day of vaccination?
On the day of vaccination, you will fill out a screen form about your past medical history and any prior history of allergies. Once the vaccinator has addressed any concerns, you will then get vaccinated in your arm, as most common vaccines are administered. After vaccination, depending on any allergy history or medication history, you will be evaluated anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes to ensure there are no immediate reactions. If you do start to have any reactions, our employees are trained to recognize and treat them on site. For more severe reactions, we may need to call for additional help. This would be very rare.
Will getting the vaccine give me COVID-19?
This question may stem from a common misconception that the flu vaccine can give the person receiving the vaccine an active case of the flu. In reality, just like getting a flu vaccine, getting a COVID-19 vaccine will not make you sick with the virus. The COVID-19 vaccine does not contain the live virus or any active infection material. The current vaccine offered at Borrego Health is the Moderna vaccine. This vaccine is a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. It works by giving your cells the instructions that it needs to make a harmless piece of a protein. For this vaccine in particular, the protein created is the protein that spikes out of the virus. After vaccination, the cells begin making the protein pieces and display them on cell surfaces. This helps your immune system recognize the foreign protein and begin making antibodies. After vaccination, it is common to feel some side effects (see response to next question). Keep in mind that after receiving the vaccine, your body needs a few weeks to fully build its immunity. It is still possible to become infected with the virus even after vaccination. If you are exposed to COVID-19 and you develop symptoms more than 3 days after vaccination, it is recommended that you self-isolate and are tested.
What might I expect after getting the vaccine?
According to the FDA, the most common side effects of the vaccine are pain or tenderness at the injection site, fever, chills, fatigue, headaches and muscle and joint pain. The side effects are a sign that your body is developing the antibodies it needs to fight COVID-19 and increase your immunity. Most side effects may start about 11 hours after vaccination and may last for 24 to 48 hours. If the symptoms last more than 2 days, it would be important to contact your medical provider as further testing and evaluation may be needed.
What if I have already had COVID 19, do I still need to be vaccinated?
If you have already been infected with and recovered from COVID-19, it is still currently recommended that you be vaccinated. The reason for this is that everyone’s immune system is different and will respond to the virus differently. Being vaccinated will hopefully level out the different variations in the responses and provide for a more consistent protection. In addition, it has already been demonstrated that people can be re-infected with COVID-19 after an initial infection. It is unclear at this point, how long someone may be protected by their own immune system after recovering from the illness. The current recommendation for people who have had COVID-19 in the past, is to obtain the vaccine at least 90 days after your diagnosis.
How long do I have to wait after vaccination to be considered safe?
The Moderna vaccine that we are offering requires two doses given 28 days apart. The data from the clinical trials show that it is 94% effective 2 weeks after the second dose.
Can I get the vaccine if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?
The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology as well as the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine Specialists (high-risk pregnancy doctors) all agree that vaccination should not be withheld from pregnant individuals who meet criteria for vaccination based on prioritization groups outlined by the state. Pregnant women should have access to all available information about the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. A conversation between the patient and their clinical team may help with decisions regarding vaccination. The mRNA vaccines are not live virus vaccines. These vaccines do not enter the nucleus of the cell and therefore cannot alter human DNA. As a result, they cannot cause any genetic changes. Available evidence suggests that pregnant women with COVID-19 are at increased risk of more severe illness when compared with non-pregnant women. Because of this risk of more severe disease, the benefits of protective vaccination seem to outweigh the risks of the vaccine. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology also recommends that COVID-19 vaccines be offered to lactating individuals similar to non-lactating individuals when they meet criteria for receipt of vaccine.
What if I have allergies, can I still get the vaccine?
If you have experienced severe allergic reactions in the past unrelated to vaccines or injectable medications, you can still receive the vaccine. Make sure you let your provider know of any allergies, as you may need to be monitored longer after vaccination to watch for any adverse reactions. If you have had an immediate allergic reaction to other vaccines or injectable medications, you should speak with your provider prior to vaccination to ensure vaccination is safe in your case in particular. If you are allergic to polyethylene glycol or polysorbates, you should not get the COVID-19 vaccine. These substances are found in laxatives such as miralax. If you have ever had an allergic reaction to any laxative medication, speak with your provider prior to vaccination.
If I am on blood thinners like Coumadin, can I still get the vaccine?
You may still get the vaccine, even if on blood thinners. It is important to check with your provider to ensure that you are on the correct dose of the medication prior to vaccination. It is also important to let the vaccinator know that you are on blood thinners as they may want to evaluate you immediately after vaccination for a time longer than others. If you start to have large swelling around the injection site after vaccination, it would be important to call your provider and let them know.
Once I am vaccinated, can I stop wearing my mask?
After vaccination, you should continue to follow all of the guidelines, including mask wearing, that you have been following during the pandemic. While the vaccination has been proven to protect the vaccinated person from developing severe illness, it is still uncertain if the vaccine protects from transmitting the virus to someone else. What that means is that you may still contract the virus, your body mounts an immune response so you do not become ill. However, you may still have the possibility of transmitting the virus to someone who may not yet be vaccinated. Therefore, in order to keep those around you safe as well, for now, it is recommended that we avoid close contact and continue wearing our masks.
We hope that that information is helpful in making you feel more comfortable about getting the vaccine. Though it is a new vaccine, the benefits of being vaccinated almost certainly outweigh the risks. We know what terrible consequences an infection with COVID-19 may have on an affected person. We are hopeful this vaccination will help us avoid becoming infected.
We at Borrego Health are happy to answer any other questions you may have concerning COVID-19 infection, vaccination or any other health concern in general.
Have questions about COVID-19? Text COVID to 52304 and receive real time help from us.
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BCHF is a Federally Qualified Health Center and a Federal Tort Claims Act deemed organization. The Federal Government is the primary insurer.
Borrego Health receives HHS funding and has federal PHS deemed status with respect to certain health or health-related claims, including medical malpractice claims for itself and covered individuals. 2021 Borrego Community Health Foundation (Borrego Health). All Rights Reserved. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Chonji Lubricant Factory
The Ch'ŏnji Lubricant Factory, located in Hanggu-guyŏk, Namp'o, North Korea, is a factory producing various lubricating oils and greases and transformer oils. On 5 August 2014 Kim Jong Un visited the factory, proclaiming the factory's products to be "as good as the imported ones". The factory is served by a railway connection to Sinnamp'o Station on the P'yŏngnam Line of the Korean State Railway. | WIKI |
Jaliyat al-Kadr
Jāliyat al-Kadr (جالية الكدر, Removal of Distress) is a supplicatory poem in which God is implored through the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions who fought alongside him in the Battles of Badr and Uhud. It was written by Ja’far b. Ḥasan b. ‘Abd al-Karīm b. al-Sayyid Muḥammad b. ‘Abd al-Rasūl al-Barzanjī, the Shafite Mufti of Medina and author of the Mawlid al-Barzanjī. The Jāliyat al-Kadr was written in the 18th century when the Ottoman empire was in decline and the Muslim world was in a state of political and intellectual upheaval. It is an example of a Sunni devotional work on intercession.
Structure
The Jāliyat al-Kadr has four sections:
* 1) Muqaddimah (Opening)
* 2) Asmā’ Ahl al-Badr (Names of the People of Badr)
* 3) Asmaā’ Shuhadā’ Uhud (Names of the Martyrs of Uhud)
* 4) Khatimah (Closing)
Commentary
A known commentary of Jāliyat al-Kadr is al-ʿArā’is al-Wāḍiḥa al-Gharar fī Sharḥ al-Manẓūma al-Badriyya by ‘Abdul Hādi Najā al-Abyārī (d. 1888).
Annotation
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki (d. 2004) annotated and released an edition of the Jāliyat al-Kadr in the 80s.
Translation
In 2015, Manaqib Press published the first English translation of Jāliyat al-Kadr. It was translated by Abdul Aziz Ahmed and redacted by Amjad Mahmood.
Popular Devotion
Traditionally, Jāliyat al-Kadr is recited on the 17th of Ramadan, at the completion of the Qur'an and at general gatherings of remembrance. In Dar al-Mustafa, it is recited at `Aṣr on the 17th of Ramadan. | WIKI |
Latin American Newspaper Association
The Latin American Newspaper Association ( Latin Post ) (Periódicos Asociados Latinoamericanos, PAL) is a press group representing media organizations in Latin America. Founded in 2008, it represents 16 newspapers in 11 countries, as well as magazines.
Aims
PAL's stated objectives are
* Promoting the technical exchange and professional among its members
* Promoting the exchange of contents among its members
* International marketing of their products
Members
* Argentina
* Clarín
* Chile
* La Tercera, La Cuarta
* Colombia
* El País (Colombia), El Universal (Colombia), La Vanguardia, El Colombiano, El Espectador
* Dominican Republic
* Diario Libre
* El Salvador
* El Diario de Hoy
* Ecuador
* Diario HOY
* Honduras
* La Prensa (Honduras)
* Nicaragua
* La Prensa (Managua)
* Peru
* La República
* Spain
* El Mundo (Spain)
* Venezuela
* El Universal (Caracas), La Verdad (Zulia), El Informador (Barquisimeto) | WIKI |
User:Rhutama/sandbox
OKCupid
OKCupid was founded by Harvard University geniuses who also found SparkNotes. The idea of OKCupid actually came from the prototype of SparkNotes. Both of these websites have similarity in which both allows people to take quizzes and tests about their personality. The difference is that OKCupid take the results of these tests and quizzes further to a point of finding a match (See Matches). OKCupid is now deemed as one of the popular online dating websites with more around 10 million users since its debut in 2004 and 1 million active users.
Online Dating Culture
OKCupid, like other dating websites has change dating culture as we know it. In the olden days, people go to bars and clubs in order to “meet people”. But nowadays, people do not need to be out and about to meet people. One can be sitting down in front of the computer in his/her room and still meet people. Online dating website allows people to “search” for potential dates at their own convenience. Within the anonymity that the Internet gives, people are becoming very picky and direct in their approach. OKCupid has a number of instances where people directly ask for sex, without even introducing him/herself first to the potential dates. In extreme cases, people have been sending pictures of their vital organs before starting a conversation. One blogger expresses her intention to use OKCupid. She says, "After I got divorced last year, I wrote an OkCupid profile in which I let it be known that I'm down for casual sex. I don't enjoy meaningless sex -- which I had the last five years of my marriage -- but I am all for high-octane adult fun. And since I had spent the last 20 years married, I was in no hurry to get back into another long-term, monogamous relationship" (Jagger 2014). This then raise the question what does dating means in the realm of online dating. Is it really dating as in the traditional sense where people get to know each other's likes and dislikes through dinner, or is it looking for casual sex?
Matches
Match searches allows people to "shop for partners". People are able to filter and sort out the "types" of people they would like to date. The match system also allows users to use advance filtering, which gives for more specific credentials. But who comes on top of your list and how does OKCupid rate the matching percentage between another uses more than meets the eye.
OKCupid uses mathematical algorithm in order to find the matching percentage between potential lovers. One of the founders, Christian Rudder, explains this algorithm on a TEDTalk video. When signing up as a new user, OKCupid while asking basic questions such as your gender, age and sexual orientation, it will also asks you to take quizzes and personality tests. These questions ranges from the topic of favorite food to political ideology. In each of these questions there are three components that are integral to finding your match. The first one is how you answer the question, the second component is how you want your potential partner to answer the question, and the last component is how important the question is to you. When the three components are combined that is your data. Then, that data will be use for comparison with other people's data in order to find your match.
That is how OKCupid generates matching percentage. This means the more you answer the questions, the more match you will likely have. One guy found it difficult to find love in Los Angeles, a city of more than 3 million people on OKCupid because he only answered few and random questions and the questions he chose were unpopular. Fortunately for the guy he was a hacker so he broke the code and used random sampling questions from women in Los Angeles and San Francisco to find his true love. However, love is certainly a complex matter and is it really possible to find love through mathematical algorithm. The answer may vary from person to person. OKCupid works for some, but not for all. | WIKI |
Venezuela's opposition coalition likely to boycott presidential vote
February 19, 2018 / 4:48 PM / Updated 24 minutes ago Venezuela's opposition coalition likely to boycott presidential vote Reuters Staff 3 Min Read CARACAS (Reuters) - Leaders of Venezuela’s opposition coalition appeared likely on Monday to decide on a boycott of the April presidential election, believing authorities have rigged it for President Nicolas Maduro and his ruling socialists. Maduro, the 55-year-old successor of Hugo Chavez, is seeking re-election in the April 22 vote despite his unpopularity and a crushing economic crisis. But critics say the election is a farce, with Maduro’s main rivals barred from standing and a compliant election body bound to favour the socialists. Leaders of the main parties in the Democratic Unity coalition have for days been considering whether to participate or not in the vote. Some believe a boycott is a self-destructive free pass for Maduro, while others say participation would be doomed to failure and merely legitimate his “dictatorship.” The coalition was due to meet at 4 p.m. (2000 GMT) on Monday, politicians said. One senior member of the Justice First party told Reuters it would formalise there a decision to boycott the vote in protest at unfair conditions. “We’re not going to the election,” added another source in the Democratic Action party. “They’ll explain why at the end of today or tomorrow. It’s a big mistake in my view, but that’s the decision.” Another major opposition party, Popular Will, led by protest leader Leopoldo Lopez, who is under house arrest, has already unilaterally announced it will not take part in the election. The opposition’s two most popular figures - Lopez and former governor Henrique Capriles - are both prohibited from standing. Lopez is detained on charges of stirring violence during anti-Maduro protests in 2014, while Capriles has been accused of “administrative irregularities” while governor of Miranda state. The national election board, which is widely perceived by Venezuelans as pro-government, has also banned Democratic Unity and several of the major opposition parties from formally participating in the vote. The board says the parties did not comply with election rules including a signature drive to re-legalize their status. Government officials say some opposition parties are fronts for violent coup-plotters, and accuse anti-Maduro leaders of being in league with a U.S.-led, right-wing conspiracy to topple socialism in the South American OPEC nation. Maduro has repeatedly denied any flaws in Venezuela’s election system and reacted angrily to international censure of the calling of a snap election in April. Some anti-Maduro figures, however, are set to stand, with opposition leader and former Lara state governor Henri Falcon having announced his intention to run, and a little-known evangelical pastor entering the race on Sunday. Reporting by Andrew Cawthorne and Liamar Ramos; Editing by Angus Berwick and Paul Simao | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
AxImporter.IReferenceResolver AxImporter.IReferenceResolver AxImporter.IReferenceResolver AxImporter.IReferenceResolver Interface
Definition
Provides methods to resolve references to ActiveX libraries, COM type libraries or assemblies, or managed assemblies.
public: interface class AxImporter::IReferenceResolver
public interface AxImporter.IReferenceResolver
type AxImporter.IReferenceResolver = interface
Public Interface AxImporter.IReferenceResolver
Methods
ResolveActiveXReference(UCOMITypeLib) ResolveActiveXReference(UCOMITypeLib) ResolveActiveXReference(UCOMITypeLib) ResolveActiveXReference(UCOMITypeLib)
Resolves a reference to the specified type library that contains an ActiveX control.
ResolveComReference(AssemblyName) ResolveComReference(AssemblyName) ResolveComReference(AssemblyName) ResolveComReference(AssemblyName)
Resolves a reference to the specified assembly that contains a COM component.
ResolveComReference(UCOMITypeLib) ResolveComReference(UCOMITypeLib) ResolveComReference(UCOMITypeLib) ResolveComReference(UCOMITypeLib)
Resolves a reference to the specified type library that contains an COM component.
ResolveManagedReference(String) ResolveManagedReference(String) ResolveManagedReference(String) ResolveManagedReference(String)
Resolves a reference to the specified assembly.
Applies to | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
DD
Omani Owl Strix butleri
Justification
Justification of Red List Category
This recently rediscovered and little-known species is listed as Data Deficient because there is insufficient information available for a robust assessment of its extinction risk against the Red List criteria.
Population justification
The population size has not been quantified and further research is required.
Trend justification
The population trend has not been quantified and further research is required to assess this and potential threats to the species.
Distribution and population
When Hume described Strix butleri in 1878, he used a type specimen from the Mekran coast of southwestern Pakistan. When an owl with unknown vocalisations and a plumage different from the prevailing concept of S butleri was discovered in 2013 in northern Oman, it was initially described as a new species, S omanensis (Robb et al. 2013). Soon afterwards, however, Kirwan et al. (2015) showed that all specimens of ‘butleri’ other than the type specimen were in fact a distinct and previously undescribed species, which they named S. hadorami. The owl discovered in northern Oman subsequently prove to be a genetic match for S. butleri sensu strictu (Robb et al. 2016).
In Oman the species has so far only been found in the northern foothills of Al Jabal Al Akhdar, in the central part of the Al Hajar mountains (Robb et al. 2013). Following this discovery there followed the subsequent publication of a putative record c.33 km away dating from 2008 (van Eijk 2013). In the vicinity of the original discovery site in Oman, six or seven individuals have been found, including at least two pairs, along a c.3-km stretch of wadi (Robb et al. 2013). Given that similar habitat exists in other unsurveyed wadis near the original rediscovery site, it is thought likely that the species will be found elsewhere in the Al Hajar mountains. A preliminary survey in 2015 in Al Jabal Al Akhdar detected a minimum of 15 territories (van Eijk 2013, Robb et al. 2013, Robb et al. 2015).
All known territories in Oman are in precipitous terrain with massive cliffs, not less than 400 m above sea level. However a male was recently detected in Wadi Wurayah National Park, Fujaira, United Arab Emirates, an area with much smaller cliffs, 150-350 m above sea level (Judas et al. 2015). Since January 2015, the species has also been photographed in three provinces of Iran: Bushehr in the south-west, Khorasan-e Razavi in the north-east and Yazd in the centre (Musavi et al. 2016, S.B. Musavi in litt. to M. Robb in litt. 2016). It remains unknown whether the species still occurs in Pakistan. Given the scatter of records across an area spanning 1,450 km, it seems likely that the population size is considerably greater than current knowledge suggests.
The species’s ecology may render it very rare, but for now the population size remains a matter of speculation (Robb et al. 2013).
Ecology
This species was rediscovered along a wadi with scattered trees, surrounded by cliffs and steep mountain slopes, in the foothills of the Al Hajar mountains, and may require cliffs for nesting (Robb et al. 2013).
Threats
There is apparently no information available on potential threats to this little-known species.
Conservation actions
Conservation Actions Underway
The species's known range in the United Arab Emirates is protected within a national park (Judas et al. 2015).
Conservation Actions Proposed
Carry out further surveys to search for more populations and assess the total population size. Conduct research into the species's ecology and habitat requirements. Study potential threats to the species.
Acknowledgements
Text account compilers
Ashpole, J, Symes, A., Taylor, J.
Contributors
Robb, M., van Eijk, P., Porter, R.
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2017) Species factsheet: Strix butleri. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26/09/2017. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2017) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26/09/2017. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
wiki:SafeHaskell/BasePackage
Version 1 (modified by dterei, 4 years ago) (diff)
--
Base Package Safety
This page presents a module breakdown of the safety of the Base package.
• Green: Made safe with no modifications
• Blue: Made trustworthy with no modifications
• Yellow: Split out some unsafe functions to Module.Unsafe, made Module trustworthy
• Red: Left unsafe
Most blue squares are blue because they import GHC.Base which is currently unsafe. Other also import unsafePerformIO operations.
For splitting modules that contain both Safe and Unsafe Symbols, I've moved the entire definition to a new module called say GHC.Arr.Imp. Then added two new module, GHC.Arr.Safe, GHC.Arr.Unsafe. Then changed GHC.Arr to import the Safe and Unsafe modules and either just export the Safe API or export both Safe and Unsafe depending on a CPP flag. This allows us to choose at compile time if we want the base package to be safe by default or not. I could have used a simpler approach like having the entire module defined in GHC.Arr.Unsafe and not have a Imp module but I preferred the Safe and Unsafe modules having disjoint API's rather than Safe being a subset.
Base Package
Top Level Control Data Debug Foreign System Text Unsafe
Foreign Applicative Bits Trace C CPUTime Printf Coerce
Numeric Arrow Bool Concurren Enviornment Read
Prelude Category Char ForeignPtr Exit Show
Concurrent Complex Marshal IO Text.ParserCombinators
Exception Data Ptr Info ReadP
Monad Dynamic StablePtr Mem ReadPrec
OldException Either Storable Timeout Text.Read
Control.Concurrent Eq Foregin.C System.Console Lex
Chan Fixed Error GetOpt Text.Show
MVar Foldable String System.IO Functions
QSem Function Types Error
QSemN Functor Foreign.Marshal System.Mem
SampleVar HashTable Alloc StableName
Control.Exception IORef Array Weak
Base Int Error System.Posix
Control.Monad Ix Pool Internals
Fix List Utils Types
Group Maybe
Instances Monoid
ST Ord
Zip Ratio
Control.Monad.ST STRef
Lazy String
Strict Traversable
Tuple
Typeable
Unique
Version
Word
Data.STRef
Lazy
Strict
GHC
Below is the breakdown for just the GHC modules in base:
GHC GHC.Conc GHC.Float GHC.IO
Arr IO ConversionUtils Buffer
Base Signal RealFracMethods BufferedIO
Classes Sync Device
Conc Windows Encoding
ConsoleHandler Exception
Constants FD
Desugar Handle
Enum IOMode
Environment GHC.IO.Encoding
Err CodePage
Event Failure
Exception Iconv
Exts Latin1
Float Types
Foreign UTF16
ForeignPtr UTF32
Handle UTF8
IO GHC.IO.Encoding.CodePage
IOArray Table
IOBase
IORef
Int
List
MVar
Num
PArr
Pack
Ptr
Read
Real
ST
STRef
Show
Stable
Storable
TopHandler
Unicode
Weak*
Windows
Word
*I tried to split Weak into Unsafe and Safe modules and have GHC.Weak just expose the Safe api (i.e this would make it a yellow box like the others). However I wasn't able to figure out how to move the definition of Weak. Many of the GHC modules are wired in and require changes to compiler/prelude/PreNames. For all other modules I was able to update their builtin location fine but for Weak I continually got links errors when trying to build libRts.a if I tried to move the definition of GHC.Weak around.
Notes
These are notes on specific modules and why they are the colour they are... ect.
GHC.Base and GHC.Prim: Leaving unsafe. Had a go at making safe versions but gets pretty ugly and complex quickly. See Base Module for a more detailed discussion.
GHC.Conc: Is it safe to expose ThreadId's constructors?
For the moment I've hidden both
GHC.Conc.IO and GHC.Conc.IO.Windows: Made safe version that doesn't contain the asyncReadBA, asyncWriteBA functions. Perhaps these can be left in and GHC.Conc.IO just made trustworthy since their result is in the IO monad but they take a 'MutableByteArray# RealWorld' as a second parameter.
GHC.Event: Made trustworthy... Not sure of this though
GHC.Exts: Left unsafe and didn't make safe / unsafe split Mostly seems fine, only worry is access to Ptr constructor. Also re-exports GHC.Prim
GHC.Ptr: made safe/unsafe split Exposes Ptr constructor Cast operations of funptr to ptr seem dangerous as well, removed from safe version.
GHC.ForeignPtr: Made ForeignPtr type abstract Has an '!unsafeForeignPtrToPtr' function also excluded The whole module seems a little dangerous. (e.g castForeignPtr) As long as pointers can only be dereferenced in the IO monad we should be OK though.
(Foreign.ForeignPtr - as above) (Foreign.Ptr - as above)
GHC.IOBase: keeping unsafe and no safe version as depreciated module.
GHC.IORef: Made safe version due to access to IORef constructor
GHC.Pack: keeping unsafe and no safe version. unpackCString# Among others seem quite unsafe.
GHC.Weak: *Made a Safe version but I had to leave GHC.Weak alone. When I tried to move GHC.Weak to GHC.Weak.Imp I would constantly get link errors when linking the libRts library. I changed the values in compiler/prelude/PrelNames.hs for GHC.Weak but this didn't seem to work. So there is GHC.Weak.Safe and GHC.Weak.Unsafe but no GHC.Weak.Imp and GHC.Weak has to be unsafe.
GHC.Word: Left unmodified and made trustworthy 'uncheckedShiftRL64' is a little scary sounding but seems fine.
Data.Data and Data.Dynamic and Data.Typeable' Left unsafe due to whole Typeable issue.
Debug.Trace: Was left unsafe. It can leak information to the console without detection.
Base Module
The root of the base package and so of Haskell is GHC.Base and GHC.Prim. These both contain a lot of code and a lot of it is unsafe. Some of it obviously other less so. For example:
• Addr# and Array# types are basically C style pointers, so no bounds checks. Can access arbitary memory with them, buffer overflows... ect
• divInt :: Int -> Int -> Int seems perfectly safe but division by zero throws an uncatchable exception that crashes the program. (Is this intentional or a bug?)
It is also quite difficult to split this up since 1) GHC.Prim is defined inside of GHC not in any module text file, 2) GHC.Base is defined in a text file but extended by GHC (so GHC.Base exports Bool but Bool isn't defined in the actual GHC.Base text file).
This is potentially another argument for symbol level safety, it would make handling Base and Prim easier.
This does mean a lot of stuff is trustworthy though since they import Base. I'd be happy to deal with the complexity of making Safe versions but it seemed like the ongoing maintenance work wouldn't be worth the benefits.
The best solution might be to leave Base and Prim alone and make Base.Safe and Prim.Safe that are both extended on demmand. (e.g we just add safe symbols to them as needed to get modules that use Base and Prim in a safe way to work in -XSafe). A fine grained total split of Base and Prim is doable but seems like it might be a maintenance problem.
Data.Typeable
I feel we could enable all of this except make Typeable abstract so that instances can't be defined. (Could also still allow deriving of these instances). My understanding is that all of this dynamic stuff works fine as long as the typeOf method basically doesn't lie and pretend two types are the same. The original SYB paper on Typeable from memory basically said this and said that allowing programmers to define their own instances of typeOf was really an implementation artifact and that it should be left up to the compiler. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:RRGGBB00FF
Just moving 9 Counties between states could have resulted in both Mitt Romney and Hillary Clinton winning the electoral college in 2012 and 2016, respectively:
Philadelphia, PA --> NJ
Mahoning, OH --> PA
Trumbull, OH --> PA
Lucas, OH --> MI
Lake, IL --> WI
Leon, FL --> GA
Baldwin, AL --> FL
Imperial, CA --> AZ
San Diego, CA --> AZ | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 43 Part 1.djvu/1244
SIXTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. Sess. II. Cus. 469, 470. 1925. 1213 structures, mechanical equipment, approach work, roads and trackage facilities leading thereto; vehicles, live stock, furniture, equipment, and accessories, and also to provide accommodations for officers, p_,§·S0°°g,§;§¤°,°;g;;gQf°£g§ nurses, and attending personnel; and also to provide proper and c¤¤wrs.¤ic. suitable recreational centers, and the Director of the United States ,,,§,,_°°°¥’*°”°° °‘ d°”“‘ Veterans’ Bureau is authorized to accept gifts or donations for any I _ _ of the pur oses named herein. Such hospital plants to be constructed m$¤°§?t£Z?t°°°mm° shall be ofpfireproof construction and existing plants purchased shall be remodeled to be fireproof, and the location and nature thereof, whether for the treatment of tuberculosis, neuropsychiatric, or general medical and surgical cases, shall be in the discretion of the Director of the United States Veterans’ Bureau, subject to the P,,,,,_,,,_ approval of the President: Provided, however, That the director, ogfbggg with the approval of the President, may utilize such suitable wu ` buildings, structures, and grounds, now owned by the United States, as may be available for the purposes aforesaid, and the President is hereby authorized by Executive order to transfer any such buildin, structures, and groimds to the control and jurisdiction of the gUnited States Veterans’ Bureau upon the request of the director thereof. _ Sec. 2. The construction of new hospitals or dispensaries, or the ic;°°ii»'i1%¤Zi‘ié·iiii>vi§ replacement, extension, alteration, remodeling, or repair of all P‘“’*’°‘°S °““‘°"'*°°· hospitals or dispensaries heretofore or hereafter constructed shall be done in such manner as the President may determine, and he is authorized to require the architectural, engineering constructing, or other forces of any of the departments of the Government to do or assist in such work, and to employ individuals and agencies not now connected with the Government, if in his opinion desirable, at such compensation as he may consider reasonable. Amount authorized Sec. 3. For carrying into effect the preceding paragraphs relating mimppmpmtee. to additional hospitals and out-patient dispensary facilities there is *‘·""·F’·”"· hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $10,000,000, to be Auowmo M mk immediately available and to remain available until expended. That man warm, my uot to exceed 3 per centum of this sum shall be available for the ""“·°'°‘ employment in the District of Columbia and in the field of necessary tec nical and clerical assistants at the customary rates of compensation, exclusively to aid in the preparation of the lans and specifications for the projects authorized herein anti) for the supervision of the execution thereof, and for traveling expenses, field·ofiice equipment and supplies in connection therewith. Upon compmm 0, Sec. 4. Upon completion of the hospital program provided for pmmm no mic: mm in this Act no contract or other hospital or institution other than i,2°,‘i,‘2§‘? °°“"‘“°S ‘° those hospitals and institutions under the jurisdiction and control —*”“» P-61°— of the United States Veterans’ Bureau or those governmental hospitals or institutions specified in section 10 of the `World War Exmptiomma Veterans’ Act, 1924, shall be used, except where due to the nature of a claimantfs disease or disability it would endanger his life to remove him from such hospital to a Veterans’ Bureau hospital, or in the event of extreme emergency in the discretion of the director. Approved, March 3, 1925. U`; March 3,1925. CHAP. 470.-—·An Act Granting certain public lands to the city of Phoenix, Arizona, for municipal park and other purposes. Be it enacted b the Senate and House o Re eaentatvvea of the. United States of iimerioa in Congress d88677{bZ€£/In That lots 1 and 2, Algfilriigziiaudsrbqepix. D0l’theast quarter northwest uarter, and northwest quarter north- ps.-k`,’€;Q°r mummm east quarter, section 7, townghip 1 south, range 4 east, Gila and D°‘°"¥‘*‘°“· | WIKI |
Great Frigatebird
Fregata minor / Atafa
Great frigatebird
The great frigatebird is a large bird, with long, slender wings, deeply forked tail and long, hooked bill. Adults have mostly black plumage with a red inflatable throat pouch. Legs and feet are red to reddish-brown. Females have white breasts and on average are larger than males. Legs and feet are pink to reddish-pink. Juveniles have rusty to white heads and throats.
Great frigatebirds range widely within tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. Where they have been studied, great frigatebirds do not begin to breed until 9 years of age. Females do not breed every year because it takes a year and a half to raise a chick. Males are believed to breed every year (with a second female). Fidelity to nest sites and mates is low.
Male breeding displays include inflation of crimson throat pouch, spread wings and head shaking. A single egg is laid on a platform nest built in a tree or bush. Both parents develop a brood patch and incubate the egg for about 55 days. Incubation shift change averages every 3 days where they have been studied.
Newly hatched chicks are naked and brooded by parents to protect them from the sun or rain. By 1 month, both parents leave the nest to search for food. Chicks attempt their first flight between 120-145 days. Young will depend on parents, usually the female, for food for up to 18 months after fledging.
Facts About Great Frigatebird
Diet
Lacking the ability to take off from water, frigatebirds snatch prey from the ocean surface using their long, hooked bills. Prey primarily consists of fish and squid. Juveniles and adults often obtain food by piracy from boobies, tropicbirds, and shearwaters. Frigatebirds often supplement their diet by this type of harassment.
Life Span
30 years
Size
Length: 86-100 cm (34-40 in); wingspan: 206-230 cm (81-91 in) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Che Zakaria Mohd Salleh
Che Zakaria bin Mohd Salleh is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Johor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Permas from May 2018 to March 2022. He is a member of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. He was a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition and formerly PH coalition. He also served as the Chairman of Southeast Johor Development Authority (KEJORA) from May 2020 to April 2022 and also member of Board of Director of Johor Port.
Nomination, surprising victory and election in the 2018 Johor state election
Che Zakaria was nominated by BERSATU, then a component party of the PH opposition coalition to contest the Permas state seat in the 2018 Johor state election by challenging Mohamed Khaled Nordin, then Menteri Besar of Johor and Permas MLA. He defeated Khaled Nordin and replaced him as the new Permas MLA, the victory by Che Zakaria is considered one of the biggest surprises in the election as a Menteri Besar, the head of state government of Johor and highest-ranking politician in Johor is usually hard to be defeated in any elections given that Menteri Besar usually has higher popularity than the challenger.
Renomination denial and stepping down in the 2022 Johor state election
However, Che Zakaria was neither renominated by BERSATU, then a component party of PN after it left PH in February 2020, nor by any other political parties or coalitions, to contest in the 2022 Johor state election. His seat was then won by another candidate namely Baharudin Mohamed Taib from the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition and Che Zakaria handed over the position of Permas MLA to the winner Baharudin.
Crossover from BERSATU to AMANAH
On 23 July 2022, Che Zakaria announced his departure from BERSATU and joining of AMANAH. He cited the difficulties to serve the people as a BERSATU member. He also hinted that two other BERSATU former Johor MLAs, including a former member of the Johor State Executive Council (EXCO) were also expected to do the same as him. AMANAH deputy president Salahuddin Ayub noted that Che Zakaria did so willingly, sincerely and timely without any other motives and expectations other than agreeing with the principles and ideologies of AMANAH as he did not do so before the nomination day of the 2022 Johor state election on 26 February 2022 merely to secure a nomination from AMANAH to attempt to carry on his political career as an MLA after he was denied a nomination by his former party BERSATU. Salahuddin also revealed that the role Che Zakaria would play in Johor AMANAH was going to be refined not long after.
Honours
* Pahang :
* MY-PAH Order of the Crown of Pahang - Knight Companion - DIMP.svg Knight Companion of the Order of the Crown of Pahang (DIMP) – Dato' | WIKI |
Contra Force
Contra Force is an run and gun game released by Konami for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1992 in North America. It is a spinoff of the Contra series, being the third game in the series released for the NES following the original Contra and Super Contra. However, the game's plot and setting are unrelated to both previous and succeeding entries, as the villains in the game are human terrorists instead of an alien menace. The game was scheduled to be released in Japan under the title of Arc Hound (アークハウンド), with no ties to the Contra series, but was cancelled.
Gameplay
Contra Force begins with the player being asked to choose between one of four characters. In addition to Burns, the team's leader, the player can also choose between Iron, a heavy weapons expert; Smith, a sharpshooter; and Beans, a demolitions expert. Each character differs from each other, not just in what weapons they wield, but also in their speed and jumping ability.
The game consists of five stages: the odd-numbered stages (1, 3, and 5) are played from the standard side-view perspective, while the even-numbered stages (2 and 4) are played from an overhead perspective (similar to the ones in Super Contra and Operation C). The objective is as simple as getting to the end of each stage, fighting every enemy who gets in the way, before confronting the boss awaiting at the end. Stages in the game are the Warehouse, Harbor, Mati Building, Aircraft Rumble, and lastly, the Blue Group Headquarters.
The controls are similar to previous Contra games. At the side-view stages the player can run left or right, as well as crouch and jump, whereas in the top-view stages the player can move in eight directions (but cannot jump nor crouch). Shooting is possible at any of the eight directions depending on the context. Instead of the instant power-ups from previous Contra games, the player has a power selection meter similar to the Gradius series which shows what power-ups the player can obtain. The player must pick up briefcase-shaped power-ups, which are hidden within the destructible environment of each stage, to move the cursor on the indicator by one increment. When the cursor is on the power-up the player wants to obtain, the player can confirm their selection with the select button. The items on the indicators include a standard-issue pistol for every character, two character-specific weapons, a turbo fire power-up that increases the number of bullets on-screen, and a rolling attack that keeps the character invulnerable to enemy fire while in mid-air.
The player can pause the game and go to a sub-menu where they can change their current character. At the sub-menu, the player can assign another character to a second player or call forth a computer-controlled partner. The player can assign from one of six possible strategies to their partner ranging between defensive and offensive. The partner character will then appear for five seconds to assist the player before disappearing. When the partner is gone, the player can summon him again from the sub-menu. Each character has only three lives. If a single player loses all of their lives as one character, the game will end. The player can use the sub-menu to switch to another character that still has extra lives before that happens. In the 2-player mode, if one player loses all of their lives, they can be assigned another character, but the character that lost all of his lives will become unusable. Unlimited chances to continue are provided.
Plot
In 1992, C-Force, a task force composed of former military professionals, is formed to protect Neocity from terrorism. One day, the team's leader, Burns, receives a phone call from their informant Fox, who tells him that the Head of Intelligence is being threatened by a criminal organization known as D.N.M.E. Burns arranges a meeting at the Harbor with Fox to learn more about the situation, only to find Fox's corpse when he arrives at the destination. Now it is up to C-Force to save Neocity from D.N.M.E.
Development
Contra Force was originally planned to be released in Japan under the title of Arc Hound in 1991 and originally did not have any ties to the Contra series. The game was announced in magazines such as Famicom Tsūshin and advertised in official Konami brochures with a scheduled October release, but this early version of the game was cancelled.
Despite the cancellation of Arc Hound in Japan, the game was still localized for the North American market as a spinoff of the Contra series. Initially scheduled for a Winter 1991 release, Contra Force was announced as the third console game in the series, being released sometime prior to Contra III: The Alien Wars (known as Contra IV at the time). However, Contra Force was delayed to an October 1992 release, a few months later than Contra III, causing the latter game to be renumbered prior to release.
Reception
Contra Force has received mixed reception. Allgame editor Brett Alan Weiss criticized the slowdown and flicker that the game suffers from, but praised the added strategy of being able to select from different characters each with their own unique skills and weapons. | WIKI |
UNITED STATES of America v. George Keith WILLIAMS, Jr., a/k/a Kevin Richardson, Appellant United States of America, Appellant v. George Keith Williams, Jr., a/k/a Kevin Richardson.
Nos. 02-2928, 02-3109.
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.
Argued May 13, 2003.
Filed Sept. 18, 2003.
Karen S. Gerlach (Argued), Office of the Federal Public Defender, Pittsburgh, PA, for Appellant/Cross Appellee.
Bonnie R. Schlueter (Argued), James H. Love, Office of the United States Attorney, Pittsburgh, PA, for Appellee/Cross Appellant.
Before: RENDELL, SMITH and ALDISERT, Circuit Judges.
OPINION OF THE COURT
RENDELL, Circuit Judge.
George Keith Williams appeals his conviction for carrying a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c). The Government produced evidence that Williams threw the firearm from his vehicle during a police chase following a bank robbery. Williams challenges both the sufficiency of the evidence supporting his conviction and the District Court’s instructions to the jury. The Government cross-appeals, challenging the District Court’s decision to grant Williams an offense-level reduction for acceptance of responsibility as to a separate count. We will affirm the District Court in all respects.
I. Background
The facts established at trial, taken in the light most favorable to the Government, are straightforward. On August 16, 2000, Williams, dressed as a woman, entered the Parkvale Savings Bank in North Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, and handed a brown bag to the bank teller together with a note that read: “Give me your money. I don’t want to hurt you.” The teller gave Williams $822, including “bait” money, which triggered an alarm. Williams then fled from the scene in a stolen car and led police on a seven-mile high-speed chase through residential neighborhoods. After colliding with multiple vehicles, Williams ultimately jumped out of the moving car just before it crashed into the side of an apartment building. Before he exited the car, Williams threw a black metallic object out of the window. Williams fled on foot, but was apprehended by police shortly thereafter. While investigating the scene, police officers found a loaded gun ten feet from the getaway car.
Although Williams initially denied involvement in the bank robbery — and explained his flight from the police as a reaction to having an illegal gun in the car — he was apprehended with a paper, bag containing $822, including the “bait” money. The police found a wig and other clothing, in the car, matching the descrip-' tion of that worn by the robber, and they also found Williams’s fingerprints on the-bank demand note. Regarding the gun, an investigating FBI agent testified that_ “[Williams] had said he had bought the gun on the street obviously before and that he carried it for protection.... [H]e was' in another neighborhood other than his own so he had carried it the night before so he had had it with him.”
A grand jury indicted Williams on two . counts, charging him with (1) bank robbery by force and intimidation in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a), and (2) carrying a firearm during and in relation to a crime of violence and possessing a firearm in furtherance of that crime of violence in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c). Williams pled guilty to the § 2113(a) charge, but went to trial on the § 924(c) charge. The first trial ended in a mistrial due to a hung jury, but on retrial the jury found Williams guilty. At sentencing, the District Court, over the objection of the Government, granted Williams’s request for an offense-level reduction for acceptance of responsibility. The Court sentenced Williams to 66 months on count one, and a consecutive term of 60 months on count two.
The District Court had jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231, and we have jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1291. Williams makes four arguments on appeal: (1) the evidence was insufficient to sustain a conviction under § 924(c); (2) the District Court incorrectly instructed the jury that a gun is “carried” in violation of § 924(c) if it merely “emboldens” the defendant during the escape; (3) the District Court incorrectly instructed the jury that a gun is “possessed” in violation of § 924(c) if it merely “emboldens” the defendant during the escape; and (4) the District Court incorrectly instructed the jury as to what satisfies the “carry” elements under § 924(c). As noted, the Government cross-appeals, arguing that the District Court erred in granting Williams an offense-level reduction for acceptance of responsibility under § 3E1.1 of the Sentencing Guidelines.
II. Sufficiency of the Evidence
We first consider whether there is sufficient evidence to sustain a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c). When reviewing whether the evidence was sufficient to convict, “[w]e must consider the evidence in the light most favorable to the government and affirm the judgment if there is substantial evidence from which any rational trier of fact could find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.” United States v. Brown, 3 F.3d 673, 680 (3d Cir.1993) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
Section 924(c) provides in pertinent part:
[A]ny person who, during and in relation to any crime of violence or drug trafficking crime ... for which the person may be prosecuted in a court of the United States, uses or carries a firearm, or who, in furtherance of any such crime, possesses a firearm, shall, in addition to the punishment provided for such crime of violence or drug trafficking crime — [be sentenced to a certain number of years depending on the facts of the crime]....
18 U.S.C. § 924(c) (emphasis added). Courts have noted that § 924(c) has three alternative prongs: the “use” prong, the “carry” prong, and the “possession” prong. See Muscarello v. United States, 524 U.S. 125, 136, 118 S.Ct. 1911, 141 L.Ed.2d 111 (1998) (discussing the “use” and “carry” prongs); United States v. Loney, 219 F.3d 281, 287 (3d Cir.2000) (discussing the “use,” “carry,” and “possession” prongs). The District Court charged the jury in the alternative, under the “carry” and “possession” prongs. The jury returned a general guilty verdict.
Williams presents various technical arguments based on the elements of § 924(c). His main argument is that there was not sufficient evidence for the jury to find that he either “carried” or “possessed” a gun. In the alternative, he urges that there was not sufficient evidence to find that he either carried a gun “during and in relation to” a crime of violence or possessed a gun “in furtherance of’ a crime of violence as required by the statute. We will first address his arguments as to the “carry” prong.
We have little difficulty rejecting Williams’s argument that there was not sufficient evidence for the jury to have concluded that Williams “carried” a gun. In Muscarello, the Supreme Court explained that “carries” in § 924(c) is not limited to the carrying of firearms directly on the person. Id. at 126-27, 118 S.Ct. 1911. Rather, the Court held that, “[the term] also applies to a person who knowingly possesses and conveys firearms in a vehicle, including in the locked glove compartment or trunk of a car, which the person accompanies.” Id.; see also United States v. Eyer, 113 F.3d 470, 476 (3d Cir.1997) (stating that the presence of a loaded gun in a car’s front console constituted “carrying” under § 924(c)). This explication certainly encompasses the situation here, where there was sufficient evidence from which the jury could find that Williams carried a gun in the getaway car during his flight from the bank. Not only did he tell police officers that he ran from them because he had an illegal gun, but a pursuing police officer testified to seeing Williams throw a black metallic object from his car, and a gun was subsequently found ten feet away from the car.
Williams’s alternative argument as to the “carry” prong, however, cannot be rejected so easily. He contends that, even if he “carried” the firearm, the evidence did not establish that he carried it “during and in relation to” a crime of violence — as further required by § 924(c) — given that there is no evidence that he had the gun with him in the bank when he committed the robbery. Understanding that the underlying crime to which Williams pled guilty, bank robbery under the first paragraph of § 2113(a), is a crime of violence, we must only determine whether Williams’s carrying of the firearm was “during and in relation to” the bank robbery. See United States v. Johnson, 962 F.2d 1308, 1312 (8th Cir.1992).
We begin with the “in relation to” requirement of the “carry” prong. See 18 U.S.C. § 924(c). As the Supreme Court noted in Smith v. United States, 508 U.S. 223, 113 S.Ct. 2050, 124 L.Ed.2d 138, (1993), regarding § 924(c), “[t]he phrase ‘in relation to’ is expansive.” Id. at 237, 113 S.Ct. 2050. In Smith, the Court used the dictionary to define “in relation to” as: “ Svith reference to’ or ‘as regards.’ ” Id. Though the Court declined to chart the specific boundaries of that definition, it stated that, in order to be carried “in relation to” the offense, the presence of the gun could not be the result of accident or coincidence, and the gun must have had “some purpose or effect” as to, and must have at least “ ‘facilitate^], or [had] the potential of facilitating,’ ” the underlying offense. Id. at 238, 113 S.Ct. 2050 (quoting United States v. Stewart, 779 F.2d 538, 540 (9th Cir.1985) (Kennedy, J.)).
In United States v. Warwick, 167 F.3d 965 (6th Cir.1999), the Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit examined the breadth of the phrase “in relation to” in light of Smith. The court stated that, because of the broad interpretation afforded to § 924(c) by the Supreme Court, instead of focusing on the defendant’s intentions in pursuing the underlying offense, a court should
examine the ‘totality of the circumstances surrounding the commission of the crime: the emboldened sallying forth, the execution of the transaction, the escape, and the likely response to contingencies that might have arisen during the commission of the crime’.... Thus, a conviction under § 924(c)(1) will withstand appellate review if the evidence is sufficient to support a finding that the defendant intended to have the firearm available for use during or immediately following the transaction, or if it facilitated the crime....
Id. at 971 (quoting and citing United States v. Brown, 915 F.2d 219, 226 (6th Cir.1990)). We find this assessment persuasive.
In light of the broad reading afforded to § 924(c) by the courts, the requirements of the “in relation to” clause are clearly satisfied in this case. Williams admitted to putting a firearm in his ear the night before the robbery; the gun was within reach during his flight from the bank; and he undoubtedly was aware of its presence in the car. Even crediting Williams’s explanation that he had put the gun in the car for protection in a strange neighborhood the night before the robbery, the jury could have concluded that the presence of the gun was not the result of accident or coincidence, and that it had the “potential of facilitating” the bank robbery. Although Williams did not actively engage the firearm, there are sufficient facts from which the jury could infer that his carrying of a loaded gun within reach in the getaway car occurred “in relation to” the bank robbery.
Williams next contends that, even if the firearm was “carried in relation to” the bank robbery, it was not carried “during” the bank robbery as § 924(c) also requires, because the escape or the “taking away” was not part of the bank robbery itself. As noted, there was sufficient evidence only for the jury to have found at trial that Williams “carried” the gun while escaping in the getaway car. Therefore, the issue of whether that part of the incident occurred “during” the bank robbery is dis-positive.
Our ease law has consistently treated escape as part and parcel of a bank robbery, including federal bank robbery as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 2113 (the offense that underlies Williams’s § 924(c) charge). For instance, in United States v. Bamberger, 460 F.2d 1277 (3d Cir.1972), we found that a shooting that occurred a few blocks away from a bank robbery was “sufficiently related in time and circumstances to the actual robbery” to be part of the robbery itself. Id. at 1278. Although the defendant in that case was charged with aiding and abetting, the language of our opinion regarding the duration of the offense swept broadly and was not restricted to an aiding and abetting scenario. We later relied on Bamberger in Government of the Virgin Islands v. Dowling, 633 F.2d 660 (3d Cir.1980), where we concluded that assaults occurring during “hot pursuit” of a robbery occur “in committing” the crime. Id. at 668-69. Consequently, we indicated that the assaults involved in that case — “three or more bursts of gunfire [issued from the getaway car after leaving the bank], separated in time, [which] occurred almost immediately after the robbery in the course of a ‘hot pursuit’ ” fell “within the scope of the federal Bank Robbery Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2113(d),” and thus within § 2113(a) as well. Id. at 668-69.
The other courts of appeals that have considered whether escape is a part of the bank robbery also have determined that it is. See, e.g., United States v. Ashburn, 20 F.3d 1336, 1341 (5th Cir.1994) (noting, with approval, that “many courts ... have found that the escape phase of the robbery can be considered part of the offense of bank robbery under various circumstances.”), relevant part reinstated, 38 F.3d 803 (en banc); United States v. Din kane, 17 F.3d 1192, 1200 (9th Cir.1994) (noting that the escape phase is a part of bank robbery); United States v. Muhammad, 948 F.2d 1449, 1456 (6th Cir.1991) (“As the crime of bank robbery cannot be completed without some form of flight or attempted flight, the crime is more naturally understood to include the act of fleeing and the immediate consequences of such flight.”); United States v. McCaskill, 676 F.2d 995, 1000 (4th Cir.1982) (concluding that the escape phase is a part of the bank robbery); United States v. Willis, 559 F.2d 443, 444 (5th Cir.1977) (“[T]he robbery is not a consummate transaction until the immediate removal phase comes to a halt.... ”); United States v. Von Roeder, 435 F.2d 1004, 1010 (10th Cir.1970) (“[T]he escape phase of a crime is not ... an event occurring ‘after the robbery.’ It is part of the robbery.” (internal quotation marks and citation omitted)), vacated on other grounds, Schreiner v. United States, 404 U.S. 67, 92 S.Ct. 326, 30 L.Ed.2d 222 (1971); see also United States v. Barlow, 470 F.2d 1245, 1252-53 (D.C.Cir.1972) (“The crime of larceny obviously continues as long as the asportation continues.... ”).
In fact, in considering the specific issue before us, the Courts of Appeals for the Second and Eighth Circuits have determined that flight from a bank robbery is part of the bank robbery crime for the purposes of upholding a § 924(c) conviction. As the Eighth Circuit reasoned:
A bank robbery does not necessarily begin or end at the front doors of the bank.... It simply cannot be gainsaid that reasonable jurors ■ could conclude that the presence of a loaded shotgun in the getaway car from a bank robbery in some way effectuates the escape and thereby the robbery — if by nothing more than the emboldening of the perpetrators.
United States v. Pate, 932 F.2d 736, 738 (8th Cir.1991); see also United States v. Reid, 517 F.2d 953, 965 (2d Cir.1975) (concluding that the “escape phase” is part of the bank robbery for purposes of § 924(c)).
Against this backdrop of overwhelming consensus, we noté that, as the Government advised at oral argument, in Carter v. United States, 530 U.S. 255, 120 S.Ct. 2159, 147 L.Ed.2d 203 (2000), the Supreme Court held that the strict elements of a federal bank robbery offense under 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) do not include “taking away.” Id. at 262, 120 S.Ct. 2159. In Carter, the Supreme Court examined whether 18 U.S.C. § 2113(b) was a lesser included offense of § 2113(a) and thus whether Carter was entitled to a jury instruction on the lesser included offense. Id. at 258-59, 120 S.Ct. 2159. The Court concluded that § 2113(b) was not a lesser included offense for a number of reasons, one of which was that § 2113(b) included “taking away” as an element, but § 2113(a) did not. Id. Given that Williams carried the gun only as the stolen property was being “taken away” during the escape phase of the bank robbery, does Carter dictate that we conclude that the gun here was not carried “during” the bank robbery?
Were we to take a “categorical approach” to the “during” requirement of § 924(c) here, we might find Carter, albeit addressing a different issue, controlling because it articulates the elements of the underlying conduct — bank robbery under 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) — to which Williams pled guilty. “The categorical approach requires the court to look only to the fact of conviction and the statutory definition of the prior offense” and not to the facts of the case. United States v. Jones, 332 F.3d 688, 691 (3d Cir.2003). Thus, because the elements of § 2113(a) do not include the “taking away,” it could be argued that the categorical approach would require us to conclude that the carrying of the gun did not occur “during” the bank robbery.
But we think resort to the categorical approach is not necessary or advisable here. In the statutory context, use of a categorical approach has been confined mainly to predicate offenses for purposes of determining whether the offense qualifies for a sentencing enhancement provision. For instance, in Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 589, 600-02, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), the Court applied the categorical approach to determine whether the defendant’s prior convictions for “burglary” under state law qualified as a “violent felony” under 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(2)(B) and thus could be used for sentencing-enhancement purposes under 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(1). In United States v. Richardson, 313 F.3d 121, 122 (3d Cir.2002), we applied it to determine whether the defendant had used a weapon in prior juvenile offenses, also for the purposes of determining whether those offenses could be used to enhance a sentence. This is consistent with how we have employed the approach elsewhere. See, e.g., Jones, 332 F.3d at 693-94 (applying the categorical approach to determine whether a prior juvenile adjudication constituted a “violent felony” under the Armed Career Criminal Act, 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)); Francis v. Reno, 269 F.3d 162, 171 (3d Cir.2001) (using the categorical approach to determine if a conviction for vehicular homicide fell within the meaning of a “crime of violence” under 18 U.S.C. § 16(b)). Likewise, in Carter, the analysis of whether 18 U.S.C. § 2113(b) was a lesser included offense of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) necessitated and turned on a matching of the elements of each offense. 530 U.S. at 260-62, 120 S.Ct. 2159 (citing the holding of Schmuck v. United States, 489 U.S. 705, 716, 109 S.Ct. 1443, 103 L.Ed.2d 734 (1989)). Thus, the Court focused on the elements needed to prove bank robbery under § 2113(a). Id. at 267-74,120 S.Ct. 2159.
The issue here is altogether different. In Carter, the Court did not speak to, let alone anticipate, this issue, and there is no indication that the Court meant to extend its holding in Carter beyond the scope of the precise question before it. The Court was concerned with what § 2113(a) “required” and determined that it did not require taking away; it was not concerned with the duration of the offense or with whether the taking away may be considered a part of the robbery. Id. at 258, 261, 272, 120 S.Ct. 2159. Here, we are not called upon to determine whether a crime “fits” within a category of offenses, or within the definition of a specific word or phrase. Rather, we must decide if, under the circumstances, a gun was carried “during and in relation to” a crime of violence. We view a reasonable reading of “during and in relation to” a crime of violence as requiring a common sense, temporal approach to the specific facts, rather than a categorical approach. Therefore, we decline to look only at the offense under § 2113(a) to determine whether Williams carried the gun “during” the crime.
That § 924(c) should be interpreted to encompass acts committed during the escape phase of a bank robbery is also supported by the legislative history of § 924(c), other Supreme Court precedent, the ordinary meaning of “robbery,” leading treatises, and the Model Penal Code. First, the provision’s chief legislative sponsor indicated the broad scope of the statute. Specifically, he stated that the purpose of the provision was to “persuade the man who is tempted to commit a Federal felony to leave his gun at home.” 114 Cong. Rec. 22231 (1968) (Rep.Poff) (cited in Muscarel-lo, 524 U.S. at 132, 118 S.Ct. 1911). And, in discussing the scope of the “carry” prong, the Supreme Court has noted that, although the “during and in relation to” phrase would provide a limiting effect to that prong, “Congress added [the] words [during and in relation to] in part to prevent prosecution where guns ‘played’ no part in the crime.” Muscarello, 524 U.S. at 137, 118 S.Ct. 1911. Here, the jury could have inferred from the presence of a loaded firearm within Williams’s reach in the getaway car that he at least carried the gun in the car to protect the proceeds of the bank robbery. It follows that the jury could have found that the firearm had a “part” in the bank robbery, even though there is no evidence that Williams had it with him in the bank.
Moreover, just as the Supreme Court in Muscarello looked at the ordinary meaning of the word “carry” in determining its scope, we look to the ordinary meaning of the word “robbery.” See Muscarello, 524 U.S. at 127-28, 118 S.Ct. 1911. We believe that, under its ordinary meaning, a bank robbery is not concluded when the offender pockets the goods, but continues to the point where the robber has removed and relocated the goods. This “ordinary meaning” is not only consistent with the overwhelming agreement of courts of appeals, as we discussed above, but is also consistent with at least two of the leading criminal law treatises, both of which note that the “taking away” or the “carrying away” is normally considered to be a part of robbery. See Charles E. Torcía, Wharton’s Criminal Law § 469 (14th ed. & Supp.1995); Wayne R. LaFave, 3 Substantive Criminal Law § 20.3 (2d ed.1999). Likewise, the Model Penal Code states that an individual commits robbery if “in the course of committing a theft” he inflicts or threatens injury, or commits or threatens to commit a felony, which the Code clarifies by stating that: “[a]n act shall be deemed ‘in the course of committing a theft’ if it occurs in an attempt to commit theft or in flight after the attempt or commission.” Model Penal Code § 222.1(1) (2002) (emphasis added).
Lastly, we note that our interpretation avoids undesirable results that would flow from finding that flight is not part of a robbery. For instance, if flight were not included, we would have to find an arbitrary point delineating when and where the crime ends. Would the crime end the instant the bank robber took the money from the teller’s hands? Would it end the instant the robber stepped outside the door of the bank? Or, rather, would it end when he stepped into the getaway car or began running? It would defy common sense to suggest that Congress meant to provide that an individual who quietly and peacefully demands money at a bank counter, but has a gun hidden on his person, is covered under § 924(c), but an individual who goes on a shooting spree after leaving the bank in order to effectuate the robbery is not. Obviously, escape does end at some point, such that the concept of “during and in relation to” will have some boundaries as a matter of common sense. But we believe that it is a fact-based inquiry, and, in light of the immediacy of Williams’s apprehension and the weapon’s discovery, we need not draw that line here. See Bamberger, 460 F.2d 1277, 1278-79 (“While there must of course come a point when the statute no longer covers the activities of a bank robber, we think that point was not reached here.”).
Accordingly, we conclude that flight may be considered a part of a bank robbery under § 924(c), under certain circumstances, and that this is one of those circumstances. Even though Williams “had committed all elements necessary to constitute an indictable offense insofar as he personally was concerned[,] ... he apparently considered that further asportation was necessary in order to secure the fruits of the crime.” Barlow, 470 F.2d at 1251-52. Therefore, “[t]he crime itself was incomplete in the sense that the actual offense set in motion by [him] was still progressing and had not been terminated or finished.” Id. at 1252. Under these facts, there is sufficient evidence from which the jury could have found beyond a reasonable doubt that Williams’s flight in this case — which was temporally and proximately related to the bank robbery — was sufficiently related to the robbery so that Williams was carrying the gun “during” the robbery.
Because we find the evidence sufficient to affirm his conviction under the “carry” prong of § 924(c), we need not address the merits of his argument with regard to the “possession” prong. See Griffin v. U.S., 502 U.S. 46, 60, 112 S.Ct. 466, 116 L.Ed.2d 371 (1991) (concluding that a reviewing court does not have grounds to reverse a conviction where the evidence is insufficient to support a conviction on one count, but is sufficient with regard to an alternative count, and it is unclear on which one the jury convicted); United States v. Morris, 977 F.2d 617, 620 (D.C.Cir.1992) (stating that where the jury is charged under two prongs of § 924(c) and “the jury returned a general verdict, we must affirm if the evidence was sufficient to support either theory”).
III. Jury Instructions
We next address Williams’s arguments regarding the District Court’s instructions to the jury. He argues that the District Court incorrectly instructed the jury that: (1) a gun is “carried” in violation of § 924(c) if it merely “emboldens” the defendant during his escape; (2) a gun is “possessed” in violation of § 924(c) if it merely “emboldens” the defendant during his escape; and (3) the “carry” prong of § 924(c) can be satisfied by “constructive possession.” We conclude that the District Court did not commit reversible error.
We review de novo the District Court’s interpretation of the statutory requirements and whether the District Court correctly charged the jury. United States v. Urban, 140 F.3d 229, 231-32 (3d Cir.1998). We review a court’s choice of wording for abuse of discretion. United States v. Goldblatt, 813 F.2d 619, 623 (3d Cir.1987). As we stated in Goldblatt:
It is well settled that a single jury instruction may not be evaluated in artificial isolation; rather, it must be evaluated in the context of the overall charge.... A trial which culminates in a judgment of conviction is the combined result of witnesses’ testimony, counsels’ arguments, entry of exhibits into evidence and the judge’s instructions to the jury. Thus, ‘the process of instruction itself is but one of several components of the trial which may result in a judgment of conviction.’
Id. (quoting Cupp v. Naughten, 414 U.S. 141, 147, 94 S.Ct. 396, 38 L.Ed.2d 368 (1973)).
Williams’s first argument is that a gun is not carried in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) if it merely “emboldens” an individual during an escape. The charge to the jury provided in pertinent part:
It is not sufficient to prove that the defendant carried the weapon if all the government has proven is that the firearm was transported in a vehicle in which the defendant was riding. There must be proof that he knew of the weapon’s presence and had the power and intention to exercise control of the weapon so that it was available for his use in the commission of the crime if the need arose. A firearm is available for such use in [sic] the defendant keeps the firearm available to provide security for the robbery, its fruits or proceeds, or to aid or embolden the defendant in making his escape.
In all, the charge to the jury with regard to the “carry” prong constituted more than two pages of the District Court’s instruction to the jury, and did not rest solely on the word “emboldening.” In the instruction, the District Court closely tracked the language invoked by the Supreme Court in Smith. 508 U.S. at 237-38, 113 S.Ct. 2050. Importantly, the trial judge also instructed the jury that:
If you find that the defendant carried a firearm, you must determine whether the carrying of the firearm was during and in relation to the unarmed bank robbery. During and in relation to means that the firearm must have had some purpose or effect with respect to the unarmed bank robbery. The firearm must have at least facilitated or had the potential of facilitating the unarmed bank robbery.
Given our standard of review, we need not determine specifically whether “emboldening” standing alone would have been reversible error. We look at the totality of the District Court’s instruction, see Goldblatt, 813 F.2d at 623, and in doing so here, find no reversible error. The trial judge’s use of the word “emboldening” was included as part of a thorough instruction that sufficiently tracked language used by the Supreme Court.
Williams next argues that the trial judge incorrectly charged the jury that “emboldening” satisfies the “possession” prong of § 924(c). The instruction provided in pertinent part:
In order to prove that the defendant possessed a firearm in furtherance of the unarmed bank robbery, the government must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant had possession of the firearm and that such possession was in furtherance of the unarmed bank robbery. Possession means that the defendant either had physical possession of the firearm on his person or that he had dominion and control over the place where the firearm was located and had the power and intention to exercise control over the place where the firearm was located. To possess a firearm in furtherance of the unarmed bank robbery means that the firearm helped forward, advance or promote the commission of the crime. A firearm is possessed in furtherance of an unarmed bank robbery if it is possessed to provide security for the robbery, its fruits or proceeds, or to aid or embolden the defendant in making his escape.
As with the instruction surrounding the “carry” prong, the charge further provided detailed direction that “[t]he mere possession of the firearm at the scene of the crime is not sufficient under this definition,” and that “[t]he firearm must have played some part in furthering the crime in order for this element to be satisfied.”
As there is little case law detailing the scope of the “in furtherance of’ requirement of the “possession” prong, we will follow the approach taken by the Supreme Court in Smith and Muscarello, and look to the relevant dictionary definitions. See Smith, 508 U.S. at 237-88, 113 S.Ct. 2050; Muscarello, 524 U.S. at 128, 118 S.Ct. 1911. Black’s Law Dictionary defines “furtherance” as “act of furthering, helping forward, promotion, advancement, or progress.” Black’s Law Dictionary 675 (6th ed.1990). Webster’s defines it as “a helping forward: advancement, promotion.” Webster’s Third New International Dictionary 924 (1993). And Webster’s defines “embolden” as, “to impart boldness or courage to: instill with boldness, bravery. ...” Id. at 739. Given that in some instances, “instill[ing] with boldness” could “help forward,” “promote,” or “advance” a bank robbery — as the District Court instructed — and given the overall instruction provided by the District Court, we, again, find no reversible error in this regard.
Williams’s third argument regarding the jury instructions is that the District Court incorrectly instructed the jury that the “carry” prong of § 924(c) can be satisfied based on what is commonly termed “constructive possession.” See United States v. Garth, 188 F.3d 99, 112 (3d Cir.1999) (“A person who, although not in actual possession, knowingly has both the power and the intention at a given time to exercise dominion or control over a thing, either directly or through another person or persons, is then in constructive possession.”). The relevant part of the court’s charge stated:
Possession means that the defendant either had physical possession of the firearm on his person or that he had dominion and control over the place where the firearm was located and had the power and intention to exercise control over the place where the firearm was located.
As Williams did not object to this part of the instruction, we review the charge for plain error, which requires that we must find an error that is plain and that “affects substantial rights” in order to grant relief. See United States v. Gambone, 314 F.3d 163, 183 (3d Cir.2003); Fed.R.Crim.P. 52. “‘Affected substantial rights’ in the context of plain error review ‘in most cases ... means that the error must have been prejudicial: It must have affected the outcome of the district court proceedings.’ ” United States v. Knobloch, 131 F.3d 366, 370 (3d Cir.1997) (quoting Olano, 507 U.S. at 734, 113 S.Ct. 1770 (1993)). In light of the fact that, if the Government’s version of events is credited, the obvious location of the gun — namely, within his reach inside the car — fit squarely within the “carry” prong under Muscarello, we cannot conceive of how the charge given by the District Court could have prejudiced Williams. We thus no find no plain error in this aspect of the District Court’s instruction.
IV. Cross-Appeal
The Government cross-appeals, arguing that the District Court erred in granting Williams an offense-level reduction for acceptance of responsibility under § 3E1.1 of the Sentencing Guidelines. Williams received the acceptance of responsibility reduction for pleading guilty to the bank robbery charge under § 2113(a), in spite of the fact that he contested the § 924(c) charge. The District Court’s “tentative findings” are somewhat cursory, merely noting that the Court came to that conclusion “[a]fter considering the totality of the circumstances.”
The District Court referenced the applicable approach, noting that where, as here, a defendant pleads guilty to some counts but goes to trial on others, the Court must assess the “totality of the circumstances” in deciding whether to grant a reduction for acceptance of responsibility. United States v. Cohen, 171 F.3d 796, 806 (3d Cir.1999). While we review findings of fact for clear error, and legal conclusions de novo, Cohen, 171 F.3d at 802, we are especially deferential to the sentencing court’s assessment of whether the defendant accepted responsibility. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3E1.1, cmt. n.5 (2002) (“The sentencing judge is in a unique position to evaluate a defendant’s acceptance of responsibility ... [,] the determination of the sentencing judge is entitled to great deference on review.”).
The Government presents three arguments as to why the District Court erred in granting an offense-level reduction, which we address in turn. First, the Government contends that District Court failed to take the totality of the circumstances into account, but, instead, focused entirely on the fact that Williams had pled guilty to the bank robbery. Specifically, the Government argues that the District Court failed to take into account that Williams denied “relevant conduct” as defined in Application Note 1(a) of § 3E1.1, which provides in pertinent part that “a defendant who falsely denies, or frivolously contests, relevant conduct that the court determines to be true has acted in a manner inconsistent with acceptance of responsibility.” U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3E1.1 cmt. n.l(a). The Government claims that the relevant conduct Williams denied was that he carried a loaded gun in the getaway car.
The Government’s reasoning is problematic both in its interpretation of Application Note 1(a) and in its definition of “relevant conduct.” The Government wrongly treats the quoted language of Application Note 1(a) as establishing a per se bar to the grant of a reduction for acceptance of responsibility. Even if Williams “falsely denie[d], or frivolously contested], relevant conduct” as the Guidelines requires, the Guidelines make clear that this is an “appropriate consideration! ]” for a court to take into account “[i]n determining whether a defendant qualifies” for the reduction, id., but not the only consideration. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3E1.1 cmt. n. 1(a) (stating that a court is “not limited to” the listed considerations). Further, it is a close question as to whether Williams’s conduct even amounted to a “false denial” or a “frivolous contest” as Application Note 1(a) requires. In addition, the Government seems to ignore the fact that the District Court specifically mentioned Williams’s “timely notification of [sic] authorities of his intention to enter a plea of guilty on Count One” — clearly an “appropriate consideration” under the Application Note — as an additional factor it took into consideration. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3E1.1 cmt. n. 1(h).
What is more, it could be argued that the gun activity on which Williams proceeded to trial was not “relevant conduct” as that term is defined under the Guidelines. One of the considerations in determining “relevant conduct” is that it is conduct that affects the Guideline range. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3E1.1 cmt. n. 1(a) (stating that “relevant conduct” is defined in § 1B1.3); see also United States v. Wilson, 106 F.3d 1140, 1144 (3d Cir.1997) (referring to § lB1.3(a) as the “standard of relevant conduct ... which applies to an offense requiring the grouping of multiple counts”); United States v. Stephenson, 895 F.2d 867, 876 (2d Cir.1990). But § 924(c) specifies a minimum five-year term of imprisonment to run consecutively to any other term. See 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(l)(A)(I) & (D)(2). Under § 3D1.1, this made the § 924(c) charge not subject to grouping, which, in turn, rendered it not “relevant conduct” for purposes of establishing Williams’s sentence. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3D1.1; see also Stephenson, 895 F.2d at 876 (stating that an offense not subject to grouping “is excluded from ‘relevant conduct’ under Section 1B1.3”).
Cohen is not to the contrary. In that opinion, we discussed a situation similar to that presented here, calling it an “unusual situation” where “the defendant has pleaded guilty to some of the charges against him ... while going to trial on others.” Id. at 806. We stated that, in such a case, “the trial judge ‘has the' obligation to assess the totality of the situation in determining whether the defendant accepted responsibility.’ ” Id. at 806 (quoting United States v. McDowell, 888 F.2d 285, 293 n. 2 (3d Cir.1989)). There, we determined that the District Court in assessing the totality of the situation erred in granting an acceptance of responsibility reduction because the defendant had gone to trial on some of the counts that were grouped for sentencing purposes. The District Court could not have granted acceptance credit based on the guilty pleas to some counts because the counts were grouped before consideration of such credit, thus eliminating the availability of the reduction for acceptance responsibility. Id. (“Were the District Court able to grant a credit for ... the three ... charges separately, then we would see no error. However, the Guidelines do not allow for this because multiple counts of conviction must be grouped before an adjustment can be made for acceptance of responsibility.”). That situation is not present here.
Next, the Government argues that the District Court disregarded Application Note 2 of § 3E1.1 of the Sentencing Guidelines, which states that a reduction should not be granted for a defendant who proceeds to trial, denies factual elements of guilt, and only admits guilt after a conviction. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3E1.1 cmt. n.2. However, the District Court adjusted the offense level only as to count one, and Williams only put the Government to its burden of proof on count two. As noted in Cohen, where the counts are not grouped and credit may be granted to them separately, there is no error when the District Court grants the reduction as to a count that the defendant did not challenge. 171 F.3d at 806 (“Were the District Court able to grant a credit for ... the three ... charges separately, then we would see no error.”). Therefore, Application Note 2 was inapplicable.
The Government’s third argument is equally unavailing. It contends that, because the District Court erred in not applying the obstruction of justice enhancement, it erred in granting the acceptance of responsibility adjustment. That is, in looking at the totality of the situation regarding Williams’s acceptance of responsibility, the Government asks us to consider Williams’s alleged efforts to obstruct justice. This argument fails because the District Court specifically found there was no obstruction of justice, and the Government has not appealed that finding. We will not now allow the Government to revisit that issue disguised in a “totality of the circumstances” argument.
In sum, we find that, because Williams pled guilty to the bank robbery charge, the reduction in his sentence for acceptance of responsibility with regard to that count was not improper, and, thus, we defer to the District Court.
sfc % sfs #
Accordingly, we will affirm Williams’s conviction and not disturb the sentence meted out by the District Court.
. Section 2113(a) provides:
Whoever, by force and violence, or by intimidation, takes or attempts to take, from the person or presence of another, or obtains or attempts to obtain by extortion any property or money or any other thing of value belonging to, or in the care, custody, control, management, or possession of, any bank, credit union, or any savings and loan association; or
Whoever enters or attempts to enter any bank, credit union, or any savings and loan association, or any building used in whole or in part as a bank, credit union, or as a savings and loan association, with intent to commit in such bank, credit union, or in such savings and loan association, or building, or part thereof, so used, any felony affecting any such bank or such savings and loan association and in violation of any statute of the United States, or any larceny-
Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both.
18 U.S.C. § 2113(a).
. As we discuss more fully later below, Williams also challenges the District Court's charge to the jury that escape is part of bank robbery.
. The “aiding and abetting" statute provides in pertinent part:
Whoever commits an offense against the United States or aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces or procures its commission, is punishable as a principal.
18 U.S.C. § 2(a).
. Section 2113(d) provides:
Whoever, in committing, or in attempting to commit, any offense defined in subsections (a) and (b) of this section, assaults any person, or puts in jeopardy the life of any person by the use of a dangerous weapon or device, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty-five years, or both.
18 U.S.C. § 2113(d). Though Bamberger and Dowling referred to § 2113(d) — and not § 2113(a), the offense underlying Williams's § 924(c) charge — the distinction is of no consequence here. Section 2113(a) is a lesser-included offense of § 2113(d). United States v. Beckett, 208 F.3d 140, 149 (3d Cir.2000); see also Dowling, 633 F.2d at 668.
. Williams also argues that the District Court incorrectly instructed the jury that escape is part of bank robbery. The jury instruction provided in pertinent part:
[A] bank robbery does not necessarily begin or end at the front doors of the bank. The escape phase of a bank robbery is not an event occurring after the bank robbery. Rather, the escape phase of a bank robbery is part of the robbery. The escape phase of a bank robbery extends at least to the immediate pursuit of a defendant following his or her physical departure from the bank.
Given our conclusion that the escape phase may be considered a part of the crime of bank robbery for the purposes of § 924(c), it follows that we find there was no error in the trial judge's instruction regarding the duration of the bank robbery.
. While in Part II we were only required to address the "carry” prong of § 924(c), given that there we were dealing with a claim of insufficiency of the evidence, we must now deal with claims of legal error, and thus, we will address Williams’s arguments with regard to both prongs. See Griffin, 502 U.S. at 55-56, 112 S.Ct. 466. In Griffin, the Supreme Court declined to overrule Yates v. United States, 354 U.S. 298, 77 S.Ct. 1064, 1 L.Ed.2d 1356 (1957), in which the Court had refused to uphold convictions of conspiracy where one of the possible bases of conviction was legally inadequate. 502 U.S. at 55-56, 112 S.Ct. 466. The Court in Griffin explained the distinction in treatment between insufficient evidence and legal error by stating:
Jurors are not generally equipped to determine whether a particular theory of conviction submitted to them is contrary to law.... When, therefore, jurors have been left the option of relying upon a legally inadequate theory, there is no reason to think that their own intelligence and expertise will save them from that error. Quite the opposite is true, however, when they have been left the option of relying upon a factually inadequate theory, since jurors are well equipped to analyze the evidence.
502 U.S. at 59, 112 S.Ct. 466. In United States v. Syme, 276 F.3d 131 (3d Cir.2002), we concluded that "neither the indictment nor the District Court's instructions contained a ‘mistake about the law’ ... that, under Griffin, would require reversing the counts in question.” Id. at 148. As we stated:
[I]f the evidence is insufficient to support a conviction on one alternative theory in a count but sufficient to convict on another alternative theory that was charged ... in the same count, then a reviewing court should assume that the jury convicted on the factually sufficient theory and should let the jury verdict stand.... However, under Griffin, if one of two or more alternative theories supporting a count of conviction is either (1) unconstitutional, or (2) legally invalid, then the reviewing court should vacate the jury verdict and remand for a new trial without the invalid or unconstitutional theory.
Id. at 144 (citations omitted).
. Moreover, Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(b) leaves the decision to correct the forfeited error within the sound discretion of the Court of Appeals, and the court should not exercise that discretion unless " 'the error seriously affects the fairness, integrity or public reputation of judicial proceedings.’ " United States v. Retos, 25 F.3d 1220, 1229 (3d Cir.1994) (quoting United States v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725, 732, 113 S.Ct. 1770, 123 L.Ed.2d 508 (1993)). "[I]t is the rare case in which an improper instruction will justify reversal of a criminal conviction when no objection has been made in the trial court.” Henderson v. Kibbe, 431 U.S. 145, 154, 97 S.Ct. 1730, 52 L.Ed.2d 203 (1977).
. Section 3D1.1 reads:
(a) When a defendant has been convicted of more than one count, the court shall:
(1) Group the counts resulting in conviction into distinct Groups of Closely Related Counts ("Groups”) by applying the rules specified in § 3D1.2.
(2) Determine the offense level applicable to each Group by applying the rules specified in § 3D 1.3.
(3) Determine the combined offense level applicable to all Groups taken together by applying the rules specified in § 3D1.4. (b) Exclude from the application of §§ 3D1.2-3D1.5 any count for which the statute (1) specifies a term of imprisonment to be imposed; and (2) requires that such term of imprisonment be imposed to run consecutively to any other term of imprisonment. Sentences for such counts are governed by the provisions of § 5G1.2(a).
U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3D 1.1 (emphasis added).
| CASELAW |
module Data.Stack ( Stack , empty , size , push, push' , peek , pop, pop_, _pop , turn , null , fromList, toList , over, under ) where import qualified Data.Sequence as S import qualified Data.Foldable as F import Prelude hiding (null) data Stack a = Stack (S.Seq a) deriving (Eq, Read, Show) -- | returns the empty stack -- | O(1) empty :: Stack a empty = Stack S.empty -- | returns the stack size -- | O(1) size :: Stack a -> Int size (Stack items) = S.length items -- | push an element on the stack -- | O(1) push :: Stack a -> a -> Stack a push (Stack items) item = Stack (item S.<| items) -- | push with its arguments flipped -- | O(1) push' :: a -> Stack a -> Stack a push' = flip push -- | returns the topmost element -- | O(1) peek :: Stack a -> Maybe a peek (Stack items) = items S.!? 0 -- | returns the topmost element or nothing and the new stack -- | O(1) pop :: Stack a -> (Stack a, Maybe a) pop (Stack items) = (Stack $ S.drop 1 items, items S.!? 0) -- | return the stack without the topmost element -- | O(1) pop_ :: Stack a -> (Stack a) pop_ stack = fst $ pop stack -- | returns the topmost element or nothing -- | O(1) _pop :: Stack a -> Maybe a _pop stack = snd $ pop stack -- | turns the stack upside down -- | O(n) turn :: Stack a -> Stack a turn (Stack items) = Stack (S.reverse items) -- | returns true if it is the empty stack -- | O(1) null :: Stack a -> Bool null (Stack items) = S.null items -- | creates a stack from a list -- | O(n) fromList :: [a] -> Stack a fromList list = Stack $ S.fromList list -- | returns a list from the stack -- | O(n) toList :: Stack a -> [a] toList (Stack items) = F.toList items -- | puts the first stack onto the second stack -- | O(log(min(a,b))) over :: Stack a -> Stack a -> Stack a (Stack a) `over` (Stack b) = Stack (a S.>< b) -- | puts the first stack under the second stack -- | O(log(min(a,b))) under :: Stack a -> Stack a -> Stack a (Stack a) `under` (Stack b) = Stack (b S.>< a) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Laser coagulation
Usage of laser coagulation
Photocoagulation is NOT used in posterior capsule opacification - for this, a Nd:YAG laser is used.
I think it seems to be assumed that there is one type of "laser" used for all ophthalmic conditions. :)
<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:27, 24 November 2011 (UTC)Rob | WIKI |
Signetics 2650 & 2636 programming/Analogue TV
These consoles were manufactured in the days of analogue TV, when the picture was drawn on a cathode-ray tube by an electron beam scanning back and forth across the screen. The programmer doesn't need to know all the details of how these TVs worked, but should be familiar with the basic principle of operation, some of the terminology, and the speed at which the beam crosses the screen. The purpose of this section is to provide an overview and suggest some further reading.
Raster scan
The electron beam draws one horizontal scan line at a time, starting at the top left of the screen. By the time it reaches the bottom right of the screen a whole picture has been displayed. A long-persistence phosphor coating on the screen retains the image long enough that the human eye does not perceive any flicker.
While the beam is moving left to right the screen is being lit up with the three primary colours, red, green and blue. At the end of each scanline it is moved back, right to left. This movement is faster than in the other direction, and no colours are displayed; this is referred to variously as the horizontal retrace, horizontal flyback or horizontal blanking. In a similar manner, at the end of each frame the position of the beam has to be moved back to the top left of the screen without displaying any colours; this is referred to variously as the vertical retrace, vertical flyback, vertical reset or vertical blanking. The PVI documentation refers to it simply as VRST
PAL and SECAM
Colour television was broadcast in three different standards in various parts of the world, NTSC, PAL, or SECAM. As far as is known, the 2636 PVI was never used in any consoles for the North American NTSC system. Most were PAL and those made in France were presumably SECAM. Fortunately these two standards vary only in the way the colour is encoded in the broadcast signal, and both use the same number of scan lines with the same timings. This means that most of the electronics, and more importantly the firmware, will be the same. The only things that need to change are the video encoder and possibly the modulator. PAL and SECAM both fall under a standard known as either 625 lines or 576i. The number 576 comes about because 49 of the 625 lines are not visible during the vertical blanking period.
Interlaced TV pictures
The concept of interlaced video also needs to be addressed here as it explains the difference between the 625 lines of a standard tv signal and the much smaller number of lines we can specify with an eight-bit register. In an interlaced tv picture every other line is output first, then when the beam sweeps down across the screen again it displays the lines in between. This method was adopted to help reduce flicker. Each vertical pass is known as a field, and it takes two fields to make a frame. In this way a lot more detail can be displayed in the picture.
Non-interlaced console picture
These video game consoles generate a non-interlaced signal. Each vertical pass of the screen is a complete frame. Each scanline takes 64μs and each frame has 312 scanlines. Each frame takes a total of 20ms, equivalent to 50Hz. Forty three scanlines are blanked during the vertical retrace, leaving 269 potentially visible. | WIKI |
Page:The Ambassadors (London, Methuen & Co., 1903).djvu/241
Rh Chad stared, then gave a laugh. "And isn't my signal to start just what you've been waiting for?"
Strether debated; he took another turn. "This last month I've been awaiting, I think, more than anything else, the message I have here."
"You mean you've been afraid of it?"
"Well, I was doing my business in my own way. And I suppose your present announcement," Strether went on, "isn't merely the result of your sense of what I've expected. Otherwise you wouldn't have put me in relation" But he paused, pulling up.
At this Chad rose. "Ah, her wanting me not to go has nothing to do with it! It's only because she's afraid—afraid of the way that, over there, I may get caught. But her fear's groundless."
He had met again his companion's sufficiently searching look. "Are you tired of her?"
Chad gave him in reply to this, with a movement of the head, the strangest slow smile he had ever had from him. "Never."
It had immediately, on Strether's imagination, so deep and soft an effect that our friend could only, for the moment, keep it before him. "Never?"
"Never," Chad obligingly and serenely repeated.
It made his companion take several more steps. "Then you're not afraid?"
"Afraid to go?"
Strether pulled up again. "Afraid to stay."
The young man looked brightly amazed. "You want me now to 'stay'?"
"If I don't immediately sail, the Pococks will immediately come out. That's what I mean," said Strether, "by your mother's ultimatum."
Chad showed a still livelier but not an alarmed interest. "She has turned on Sarah and Jim?"
Strether joined him for an instant in the vision. "Oh, and you may be sure, Mamie. That's whom she's turning on."
This also Chad saw—he laughed out. "Mamie—to corrupt me?"
"Oh," said Strether, "she's very charming." | WIKI |
zzolo
Upgrade Love with Demo and Drush
14 Feb 2010
My Valentines Day consisted of coding the beginnings of the upgrade path from 1.x to 2.x of the OpenLayers module; that’s some true love for the OpenLayers 1.x users.
The OpenLayers has a fairly unique situation where we have 3 major versions for Drupal 6, but they are not sequential, and going form OpenLayers 1.x to 2.x is a fairly large change. We have just released 1.0-RC1 and 2.0-alpha1, so it was about time to create an upgrade path for those folks on 1.x. Though it still needs some serious work, it’s getting there. But, the point is, I ran into this problem: testing a Drupal update function with major schema changes without help can be tedious.
The Problem
Basically, a Drupal update is a specific function that gets called from update.php (or equivalent Drush command) given that the state of the module’s schema is less than the newest available one. This means I have to do the following to test:
1. Set up site with test data.
2. Code update.
3. Run update.php.
4. Make sure everything went as planned.
5. Repeat as needed (even if you have a syntax error).
Imagine doing this over and over again for a very involved upgrade process! I knew right away that this was not for me.
The Solution
(Note, there may be some much better way to do this with the Drupal SimpleTest module but I am unaware of it)
It was pretty obvious that a database dumb was going to be the best way to go; I could set up the site and then restore when I needed to test. But exporting, importing, managing changes, and just laziness kept me trying to think of something better. Then the Demo module popped into mind! The Demo module basically takes a snapshot of your database and allows you to restore to it, either through the interface or on cron runs. This seemed like a good candidate to getting around installing a new site and setting it up or using database dumps.
So, first step is to setup your Drupal site as you want it before the upgrade process. Then use the Demo module to make a snapshot. Also, it is important to install the Demo Reset module (part of Demo package) and set a default snapshot to use as we will refer to this when resetting. And! if your process changes, Demo makes it really easy to make changes to your site and save another snapshot.
Next, we just need to write a simple little script to do the restore and update (keep in mind we are going for lazy and automated). Luckily Drush is wonderful and allows us an easy way to run some simple PHP after Drupal has bootstrapped itself, and then perform the update. Here is my basic script, which is really just two commands.
#!/bin/bash
# Since I was using this on my local machine, I needed to set
# where my Drush was coming from and could ensure I can run
# from anywhere
DRUSH_CMD='/bin/php5/bin/php /home/zzolo/.drush/drush/drush.php -r /path/to/your/site';
# Reset site with some PHP. This command resets the site
# with the default snapshot.
$DRUSH_CMD php-eval "demo_reset(variable_get('demo_dump_cron', 'demo_site'), FALSE);"
# Run update. This runs the update.php which should now be needed. The -y
# answers all questions with yes
$DRUSH_CMD -y updb
So, now the new workflow is the following, and it’s easy to ensure upgrades are working well.
1. Code changes.
2. Run script
3. Repeat.
Sweet, Sweet Switzerland
Tip for Managing Variables in a Drupal Module | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The New-Year's Bargain (1884).djvu/197
"It was way out on the Western frontier—Do you know what a frontier is?" suddenly interrupting himself.
No, the children did not know what a frontier was.
"A frontier," continued November, "is the edge of civilization; and rough and shaggy enough it is, as edges are apt to be. It is the battle-ground where men and Nature meet and fight it out. Ah! the men have hard times there, I can tell you. They have to turn to and use every bit of stuff that is in them, or they get the worst of the conflict. But Nature is a friendly foe. When she has proved them, she grows kind. The trees fall, the stumps come out of the ground. Every year the work done tells more and more; and the frontier is pushed farther and farther away. By and by there won't be any frontier left, the whole land will be civilized; and people will have every thing they desire,—brick houses, churches, shops, ice-cream saloons, and copies of Tupper's Proverbial Philosophy. | WIKI |
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• Thrive Fitness Plus
How to Find Your Target Heart Rate ( Part 1 )
Nobody wants to waste time, but know this – if you’re moving, it’s not wasted time! Let’s take it a step further though, because isn’t that why you’re here? The question is, what makes a good cardio workout? And the answer is, know your target heart rate.
The heart is basically a pump. Its job is to pump freshly oxygenated blood from your lungs throughout the body and to circulate it back to the lungs where carbon dioxide can be exchanged, once again, for oxygen. The term “heart rate” refers to the number of times your heart beats in a minute. The important part to remember though, is that your heart is not just a pump – it’s a muscle! Cardio-vascular exercise (cardio, having to do with the heart, and vascular, having to do with the blood vessels), or cardio for short, makes the heart stronger and more efficient. When the heart is strong and efficient, it can pump the same amount of blood with fewer beats per minute. This is our goal.
Your target heart rate is actually a range of beats per minute (BPM) that challenges and conditions the heart to make it stronger. Target heart rate is different for everyone because it is somewhere between your resting heart rate (RHR) and your maximum heart rate (MHR). Resting heart rate is exactly what it sounds like – your pulse taken when your body is at rest. The best time to determine your RHR is first thing in the morning, while you are still lying in bed. RHR can vary anywhere from 40 to 100 beats BPM. Usually the lower the resting heart rate the more fit the person. Maximum heart rate is also different for everyone and is influenced by age as well as fitness level. MHR is that level where a person is so out of breath that sustained exercise is not possible. Somewhere in between is that sweet spot, your own personal target heart rate.
So that’s your biology lesson for the day. Let’s get to the meat and potatoes (or shall we say, fish and broccoli?)
There are three main methods for calculating your target heart rate, but the easiest and most widely used is the age predicted method. This formula is basically an estimate, but it works well for most people. The first step is to find your maximum heart rate which you would determine by subtracting your age from 220. For example, a forty year old would have an MHR of 180 (220-40). At this level of BPM, our 40 year old would be extremely out of breath and unable to keep going. To determine the target heart rate you then use that maximum number to calculate a range of 60% to 85% of MHR. In our example, our 40 year old would multiply 180 x .60 and 180x .85 to get his target heart rate of 108 to 153 BPM. Generally, a beginning exerciser would want to stay closer to the lower end of the range – near to that 60% level – for the first few weeks. The goal is to keep your BPM in that target range for 15 to 30 minutes.
That’s it! Age predicted target heart rate is not considered the most accurate, however it’s the most commonly used method, so get out there and hit your target. Stay tuned for our next blog where we’ll discuss the other two commonly used methods of determining the right intensity level for you.
Yours in Good Health,
Dave and Diane Morrison
Co-founders of Thrive Plus & Cardioclub.
#Heath #Heartrate #targetheartrate #Fitness #Cardio #Nutrition #fitnessblogger #GetFit #FitFam #Fitnessknowledge #Fitnessmotivation #fitnessjourney #Thrivefitnessplus #Fitnessblog #exercise
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| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia talk:Today's featured article/February 20, 2008
A tower is an intrinsic part of the structure of a building. It is not merely part of the facade. Maybe ... dominating the building's appearance?
Shop in UK English invariably means a place for purchases: a store in US parlance. Would workshop bridge the divide?
A building was damaged by fire: fact. That fire was disastrous is a value statement (unless there were deaths: otherwise some people might have considered the building a "monstorous carbuncle").
The TFA segment does not allow for citations, therefore I do not believe that quotations are appropriate; could we finish with simply ''benefactor Lettie Pate Whitehead Evans." ? Kevin McE (talk) 09:34, 13 February 2008 (UTC)
* I beloieve that all of the comments that I have made here to be valid criticisms of the article summary, of the kind that would be expaected in a peer review or FA discussion. Why is it deemed suitable to simply ignore editor's constructive criticisms in attempts to improve the main page of Wikipedia with neither counter-argument, acknowledgement or rebuttal? Kevin McE (talk) 07:24, 20 February 2008 (UTC)
* I'm equally puzzled. MaxVeers (talk) 07:37, 20 February 2008 (UTC)
Great to see this article will be on the main page. I have a few comments regarding terminology that I've seen used on the Georgia Tech campus and in relevant publications.
* The building is always referred to as "Tech Tower" (no "the") rather than "the Tech Tower" on Georgia Tech's campus. Cf. Big Ben.
* Regarding the above comment: "shop" refers to "the Old Shop (Building)". This seems to be the official, or at least most common, name for the building (e.g. ).
MaxVeers (talk) 22:53, 13 February 2008 (UTC) | WIKI |
Chemistry
Effect of Pressure on Solubility
Effect of pressure on solubility:
Pressure: There is no effect of temperature on solubility of solid or liquid solute in a liquid solvent. But if the solute is gas in a liquid solvent then the solubility of gas is increased when the pressure is increased. And if the pressure is decreased then the solubility of gas is decreased. It can be expressed by Henry’s law.
Henry’s law: At a constant temperature the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the pressure (partial) of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid.
P = KHC
Where, p = Partial pressure (atm)
c = Concentration of dissolved gas in liquid (mol) L
k = Tempel azure based constant (L.atm/mol)
Example: At temperature -1°c and the pressure is p then if xg gas is dissolved in 100 liquid. Then in same temperature if the pressure is 4p then the amount of dissolved gas in 100 mL liquid will be 4x g. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:06.CBOT.KD.PropheticalBooks.B.vol.6.LesserProphets.djvu/1198
Hab 3:17); then exulting joy, in his confident trust in the God of salvation (Hab 3:18, Hab 3:19). Hab 3:16. “I heard it, then my belly trembled, at the sound my lips yelled; rottenness forces itself into my bones, and I tremble under myself, that I am to wait quietly for the day of tribulation, when he that attacketh it approacheth the nation. Hab 3:17. For the fig-tree will not blossom, and there is no yield on the vines; the produce of the olive-tree disappoints, and the corn-fields bear no food; the flock is away from the fold, and no ox in the stalls.” שׁמעתּי is not connected with the theophany depicted in Hab 3:3-15, since this was not an audible phenomenon, but was an object of inward vision, “a spectacle which presented itself to the eye.” “I heard” corresponds to “I have heard” in Hab 3:2, and, like the latter, refers to the report heard from God of the approaching judgment. This address goes back to its starting-point, to explain the impression which it made upon the prophet, and to develop still how he “was afraid.” The alarm pervades his whole body, belly, and bones, i.e., the softer and firmer component parts of the body; lips and feet, i.e., the upper and lower organs of the body. The lips cried leqōl, at the voice, the sound of God, which the prophet heard. Tsâlal is used elsewhere only of the ringing of the ears (1Sa 3:11; 2Ki 21:12; Jer 19:3); but here it is applied to the chattering sound produced by the lips, when they smite one another before crying out, not to the chattering of the teeth. Into the bones there penetrates râqâbh, rottenness, inward consumption of the bones, as an effect of alarm or pain, which paralyzes all the powers, and takes away all firmness from the body (cf. Pro 12:4; Pro 14:30). Tachtai, under me, i.e., in my lower members, knees, feet: not as in Exo 16:29; 2Sa 2:23, on the spot where I stand (cf. Ewald, §217, k). אשׁר אנוּח might mean, “I who was to rest;” but it is more appropriate to take ‘ăsher as a relative conjunction, “that I,” since the clause explains the great fear that had fallen upon him. אשׁר is used in a similar way viz., as a conjunction with the verb in the first person, in Ezek. 29:29. Nūăch, to rest, not to rest in the grave (Luther and others), nor to bear quietly or endure (Ges., Maurer), but to wait quietly or silently. For it could hardly occasion such consuming pain to a God-fearing man as that which the prophet experienced, to bear misfortune quietly, | WIKI |
List of ideophones in Basque
This article is list of ideophones in Basque language based on Ibarretxe-Antuñano's (2006) trilingual dictionary Hizkuntzaren Bihotzean - Euskal Onomatopeien Hiztegia.
A
* abaaba — expression for toddling children and in lullabies
* abo-abo — sleep
* abu-abu — go for a walk
* afa — expression of happiness
* aiba! — gasp of astonishment
* aida-aida — cattle
* aikolo-maikolo— indecisive
* aiku-maiku — indecision.
* akuilu-makuilu — stilts
* ani-ani — walk, go for a walk
* antxi-antxika — running
* apa-apa — walking (especially, a little kid).
* apapa — toddle over here.
* apapanturi — drowsy sleepy man
* apar — foam, spray, surf
* aput — expression of disapproval
* araust — call for challenge
* arlote — homeless
* armi-arma — spider
* arra-arra — gush out
* arre — gee up!
* arret-zarret — zigzag.
* asa! — cry to start moving
* asa-asa — without too many clothes.
* atx — ouch; call for pigs.
* atxi-atxi — to run.
* au-au — bark of a small dog
* auk — call for geese
* aup — expression to get up
* aupi — expression of happiness
* ausk — sound of bite
* auzi-mauzi — quarrel, problem.
* axi — expression to set the dog on somebody
* axut — call for a challenge
* azur-mazurrak — leftovers
B
* bala-bala — from person to person; bluntly.
* balan-balan — move clumsily.
* bal-bal — hard boiling sound.
* ban-ban — industrious, proud, non-stop.
* bar-bar — sound of bubbling water; rhythmic falling of a light body.
* barra-barra — a great deal, a lot, amply, abundantly, plentifully.
* barrast — sound of ripping
* barristi-barrasta — move quickly.
* bat-bat — wholly, completely.
* bedera-bedera — profusely (especially grain falling and money spending).
* beilo-beilo — tipsy, slightly drunk.
* ber-ber — equally, no matter.
* bera-bera — to walk by oneself.
* berrinba-barranba — clumsy.
* bi-bi — call for cats.
* biguin-miguin — flattery.
* bil-bil — bubble, rounded.
* biliki-balaka — swinging, teetering.
* bilin-balan — tumbling, turning over.
* bilin-bolan — stagger, totter, reel.
* bilist-balast — slip, sway, rocking.
* bill-bill — piled up.
* bilo-biloka — women's fight (tearing hair out)
* binbili-bonbolo — gently.
* bir-bor — borborygmus; any rumbling noise
* bir-bir — around.
* biri-biri — call for ducks.
* birra-barra — suddenly.
* birri-barra — tp spread.
* birrin-birrin — buzzing.
* bitx-bitx — wee wee, pee pee.
* bix-bixean — throwing the ball to one another.
* bixilli-baxalla — to be naughty.
* blasta-blasta — melt down.
* blei-blei — soaked.
* bli-bli — swollen.
* bolo-bolo — spreading.
* bolon-bolon — sleeping.
* bon-bon — big spending.
* bor-bor — gushing, spurting.
* brenk — precipitous mountain.
* brika-brika — stride purposefully.
* brin-brau — walk hastily.
* bris-bris — twinkle, glitter.
* briu-brau — walk very fast.
* bru-bru — rumour.
* bun-bun — waste.
* burrun-burrun — bumble bee humming.
D
* da-da — knock the door.
* dai-dai — going in a hurry.
* dal-dal — tremble.
* danba-danba — insistently, on and on.
* dank — tap, stroke
* dapa — have an idea suddenly.
* dar-dar — trembling.
* di-da — proceed drastically
* dil-dil — light tremble.
* dinbirri-danbarra — continuous drag.
* din-din — with difficulty.
* dir-dir — the sound of something sparkling or shiny.
* dis-dis — sparkle, sunbeam, gleam.
* diz-diz — sparkle, glow (stars).
* doi-doi — barely, hardly.
* draga-draga — in big gulps.
* drak — to stop suddenly.
* draka-draka — trot.
* drasta-drasta — count or pay by giving the money coin by coin.
* drungun-drungun — clumsily drink in big gulps.
* dui-dui — exactly
* dxxi — sound of a firework being launched.
DZ
* dzast — throw something and put it into an opening or a corner.
* dzat — not to bounce the ball as a result of hitting the angle.
* dzauan-dzauan — walk slowly and swinging.
* dziko — the sound of hitting somebody in the chest.
* dzirrin-dzarran — sawing sound, squeak.
* dzirt-dzart — bim bam.
* dzist — gushing out water
E
* eleka-meleka — chattering.
* enpi-enpi — walk with difficulty, trudge.
* enuxu-banuxu — slow at walking
* epen-epen — keep up with difficulty.
* erotetan-peroretan — without thinking
* erran-merran — gossiping.
* erre-merre — articulating the sound R wrongly
* esti — yaa! (cattle)
* estu-estu — nervously.
* et-et-et — exclamation used when somebody is in a difficult situation or to attract attention.
* etsi-etsian — as a last resort.
* eurt! — yaa! (cattle).
F
* fara-fara — light motion (sails, birds, sweat running down...)
* farfal — very full dress
* far-fan — frivolous.
* far-far — rustling.
* farran-farran — spin clumsily.
* fistin-fastan — walk angrily.
* fil-fil-fil — fall down in circles and slowly.
* fili-fala — fray.
* fir-fir — murmur.
* firi-firi — soft breeze.
* firik-firiki — softly.
* firin-faran — walk aimlessly.
* firiri — rotative motion of an object thrown in the air.
* firri-farra — foolishly.
* fixti-faxta — stomp around in a rage.
* flisk-flask — crack, crackle, crash.
* fliu-fliu — long wave.
* flost — fall into water.
* fri-fri — whoosh, go across the air fast
* frink — not to keep one's word
* furra — call for hens.
* furrunta — sound the spinning wheel.
G
* gal-gal — boiling, bubbling, gushing out.
* gan-gun — lazy person.
* gara-gara — caw, croak, honk.
* garamanazal — mature woman ready to marry the first one to appear.
* garra-garra — rolling around.
* geri-geri — groping in the dark.
* gexa-mexa — weak.
* gilin-gilin — sound of a cowbell.
* glaska-glaska — sound of gnawing.
* gli-gli — water murmur.
* glin-glan — wine poured in a bottle.
* glaska-glaska — sound of cutting hair.
* glok — to get upset stomach from something.
* glu-glu — swallow.
* gori-gori — red-hot, burning, incandescent.
* grik-grak — bone crackling.
H
* hanka-hanka — one after another
* hapa-hapa — pant (breath with difficulty).
* harrikalanka — carry stones
* hasi-masi — basics, rudiments.
* hauka-mauka — profusely eating.
* hautsi-mautsi — from time to time.
* hezur-mezur — bits and scraps of bones and pork.
* hikili-mikili-klik — drink up in a gulp
* hinki-hanku — hobbling.
* hirrun-harrun — bickering.
I
* ia-ia — almost.
* igiri-bigiri — otter.
* iji-aja — ridicule.
* ika-mika — quarrel, argument.
* ikertu-mikertu — hunt around for.
* ikusi-makusi — "I Spy" game.
* ikusle-mirusle — voyeur.
* ilun-milun — growing dark.
* indura-mandura — indecisive man.
* ingili-angala — sig of disgust and sadness.
* ingura-mingura — beat about the bush.
* intzire-mintzire — complaint.
* ipi-apa — in great detail.
* ipin-apan — carefully.
* iritzi-miritzi — tittle-tattle.
* irra — call for pigeons.
* irri-borro — rotative motion, quick and confusing.
* irri-irri — mocking laugh.
* irri-kar-kar — guffaw.
* irri-marra — throw money in christening ceremonies
* irri-mirri — weak.
* irri-murri — mischievous smile
* irrintzi — whoop of joy typical of Basque shepherds when they are in the mountains, and of Basque people in general
* irri-orro — smudge.
* isilka-misilka — whispering.
* iski-miski — trivialities.
* ito-ito — a big hurry.
* itsu-itsu — blindly.
* itx-atx — not a word.
* ixil-mixil — secret conversation.
* ixo — shhh, hush.
* izka-mizka — chattering whispering.
* izkutu-mizkutu — mystery
* izt — oi, call for attention
J
* jai-jai — expression of skepticism.
* jarrai-marrai — steps of a procedure.
* jauzi-mauzi — prancing.
* jin-jun — twangy.
* jitipiti-jatapata — crawl
K
* kaiku — wooden bowl for milk.
* kainka — cry of pain (of dogs being hit)
* kakamilikuri — cockatoo
* kako-mako — cunning argument, trickery.
* kala-kala — rhythmical noise.
* kalaka — millstone.
* kali-kola — poppy, weed in wheat.
* kank — sound of bouncing ball in Jai-Alai
* kanu-kanu — little by little.
* kar-kar-kar — guffaw; ha-ha-ha.
* kask — jolt, screech.
* katx-katx — call for sheep and cows.
* kax-kax — rat-a-tat-tat.
* kaz-kaz — expression for keeping away a cat.
* keinu-meinu — gesture, wink.
* ker-ker — in a straight line.
* ki-ki — hen's hiccups.
* kil-kil — coward, intimidated.
* kikili-kakala — staggering astride.
* kiki-mako — twist of rivers.
* kikirriki — multicoloured.
* kili-kili — tickles.
* kili-kolo — wobbling; unsure.
* kili-mili — slip away.
* kilin-kilin — swords fighting sound.
* kil-kil — cricket sound.
* kinki-kanka — trudge.
* kinkili-mankala — keep up with difficulty.
* kinkinka — jumping or rolling on the ends of a wooden log that rolls down the hill.
* kirik — hide-and-seek game.
* kirka-kirka — in bites
* kir-kir — joy, jubilation.
* kirri-karra — frog sound, croak.
* kirri-kirri — gnashing of teeth.
* kirri-marro — articulating R sound wrongly.
* kinkirrinka — champagne
* kisket — latch.
* kiski — central part in leather balls.
* kiskili-maskili — with difficulty.
* kitzi-kitzi — rummage.
* kixkil — trinket.
* klak — sound of unstacking.
* klaska — wolf down.
* klax-klax — scissors' sound
* kli-kli — insect's flight.
* klik-klik — cut hair.
* kluk — stop out of tiredness.
* klun — sound of liquid in a bottle.
* klun-klan — cot sound, to rock.
* kokolo-mokoli — idiot.
* koko-meko — indecisive.
* kokoriko — squatting, crouching.
* konkela-kaskala — carry a boy astride.
* korrok — belch.
* krak-krak — get drunk
* krik — drink buzz; if said to somebody, it is an invitation to do so, if the other person accepts, this one must say krak.
* kri-kra — strumming.
* krink-krank — griding.
* krisk — sound of breaking small things.
* kriskitin — castanet, snap
* kuka — strawman.
* kuku-marro — flat corncake filled with green cheese.
* kukurruku — cock-a-doodle-doo
* kulike-mulike — kitchen job.
* kulu-mulu — trifling.
* kuluxka — nap, siesta, light sleep.
* kun — rhythmical sound of a cradle/cot
* kunku — doorstop.
* kuñkuñkuño — full of fruit.
* kurrik — exclamation used by children when playing
* kurrin — pig grunt, oink.
* kurrun-kurrun — call for pigs.
* kuse-kuse — that precise moment
* kus-kur — a person with hunched shoulders
* kzzz — set the animals on somebody
L
* laba-laba — (game) blind man's bluff.
* lafa-lafa — sound of dog gnawing.
* lala — tasteless.
* langet — hefty man.
* lapa-lapa — slurp down.
* lapatx — small snowflake.
* laprast — slip, slide
* lauodrio-maudorio — praises and flatteries, suck up to somebody.
* lepa-leba — sound of rough sea, roar
* lele — naive; for kids: milk (not maternal).
* lelo — "the same old story".
* lili — flower.
* lirin-laran — singing softly to oneself.
* lir-lar — sun glitter over a field.
* liruli — bird trill.
* lolo — sleep.
* lui — windward.
* lulu — dummy.
* luza-muza — put somebody off.
M
* maila-maila — slow and peacefully.
* mailo-mailo — little by little.
* makaka-orro — roar of oxen.
* ma-la — land dragged by a torrent.
* ma-ma — drinking water or liquid.
* mamo — lice and fleas.
* mamor — bug insect.
* mamu — ghost, boogeyman.
* mar-mar — whispering, mumbling.
* mara-mara — snow softly and continuously.
* maro-maro — gradually.
* marra-marra — gulp down making noises.
* marru — bellowing, howling.
* marru-marru — voraciously, greedily.
* masta-masta — kissing.
* matanta — sluggish.
* matxar — big lips.
* mauka-mauka — eating voraciously.
* meka — twangy.
* mela-mela — completely soaked.
* meleka-meleka — eat without appetite.
* merro — weak and thin.
* mist — not a word
* miu — finicky.
* miz-miz — call for cats.
* mokoka — scold.
* mulu-mulu — whisper.
* mur-mur — murmur of water.
* mutx — with one arm.
N
* nahasi-nahasi — chaos, mess.
* nahaste-borraste — confusion, mess
* nahi-mahi — wish.
* nar-nar — dull ache.
* ne-ne — (kids) milk.
* nikiki-nakaka — irritate.
* nir-nir — twinkle.
* nirro — with half closed eyes
* nunu — wet nurse.
Ñ
* ñaka — dirty trick.
* ñan-ñan — yum-yum, (kids) to eat.
* ña-ña — (kids) cheese; food.
* ña-ñi — offering but not giving.
* ñasta-ñasta — eating without appetite.
* ñika — wink
* ñiki-ñiki — sound of having sex.
* ñiku-ñaku — hitting a bit, fighting for fun.
* ñimiño — teeny-weeny.
* ñiñika — iris.
* ñirro-ñarro — short-sighted.
* ñiski-ñaska — chewing.
O
* ok — indigestion.
* op — call for challenge; expression of anger.
* opa-opa — offering.
* ospa — out!
* otx — expression of pain when burned or stuck with a needle
* ozta-ozta — with great difficulty.
P
* pafa-pafa — puffing.
* palast — swish.
* palax-palax — walk step by step.
* pal-pak — harmful animal.
* pan — shoot, bang.
* panpa-panpa — hit continuously.
* pan-par — show-off.
* pan-pin — doll.
* papa — corn or flour bread.
* para-para — slide, glide.
* par-par — gushing out.
* parra-zirri — forced smile.
* part — thrown an object at a short distance.
* peto-peto — pure.
* pil-pill — glub-glub, slowly boiling.
* pin-per — reverse, back.
* pinpilinpauxa — butterfly
* pinpili-panpala — favourite
* pinpirin — elegant
* piran-piran — spend money little by little.
* piri-para — continuous and hectic succession of things.
* pirri — diarrhoea.
* piro-piro — boy's game: throwing a ball.
* pirrita — tumble, rolling down.
* pla-pla — coat (food, with egg and flour).
* plaust — sound of a heavy object falling.
* pli-pla — boom (fireworks).
* porrot — breakdown, failure.
* pottolo — chubby.
* prapapa-prapapa — speak quickly and continuously.
* pu — yuck!
* pulunp — splash.
* punpaka — bouncing.
* pupu — pain, hurt.
* purpur — spill.
* purpurka — slid down a slope.
* purra-purra — in abundance.
* purrust — liquid spill.
* purrut — fart
* purruzt — get annoyed
* puskala-muskala — blow
* puskila-muskila — DIY, small jobs
* putin — kick of a harassed horse
* putz — blow
R
* ringi-ranga — strode.
S
* saka-saka — shove.
* saltsa-maltsa — jumble.
* saplast — thud.
* sapa-sapa — transparent.
* sarasta — great shock
* sartada — sudden action, incision
* sast — inserting one object into another
* sast edo xist — burst; sting.
* satean-satean — frequently
* sauka-sauka — devour.
* sigi-saga — come and go zig-zagging
* sik eta sak — sharply
* siki-saka — non stop.
* siltsi-saltsa — helter-skelter, bolt
* sina-mina — gesture
* sino-mino — ceremonious
* sirrin-sarran — sound of sew
* sits — moth
* sistil — poor in nutrients
* sistrin — rachitic
* siu-siu — mole's noise
* siztun-saztun — sew clumsily
* so — whoa!, voice to stop animals
* sorki-morki — sew clumsily; a rough patch.
* sost — suddenly
T
* tafla-tafla — splish-splash, wade.
* tak — sound of not very audible noises (heartbeat, pocket watch...); touch, tap.
* taka — quick action; sudden stop.
* taka-maka — groping
* taka-taka — toddling, walk slowly, in short and quick steps
* takian-takian — frequently, constantly
* tak-tak — tick-tock, clock sound
* talapats — swish, sound of a liquid moving inside a pitcher
* talast-talast — water shaking in a container
* talat — wet
* talka — bump, hit
* tal-tal — walk from one place to another
* tanga-tanga — sound of drops
* tank eta tink — punctually
* tankart — bucket in boats for bailing out
* tanka-tanka — coin by coin; step by step; drop by drop; rhythmical noise.
* tanpa — sound of falling
* tanpa-tanpa — walk with irregular steps
* tanta — drop
* tantaka — dripping
* tantal — big man
* tapla — little jumps when galloping or trotting
* tarabala — sound of a person falling down into the floor
* trabalako — fall and roll down the floor
* taraska — brazen woman
* taratata — expression of skepticism
* taratulo — drill
* tarranpantan — frying pan
* tarranta — unpleasant sound.
* tarrantantan — sound of a cartwheel moving
* tarrapada — spillage
* tarras — sticky
* tarrat — sound of clothing ripping
* tarra-tarra — drag
* tarrita — in an agitated state; make somebody anger; agitate
* tart — snap (a robe)
* tartaka — knotty wood
* tarteka-marteka — in one's free moments; in intervals.
* tarteka-tarteka — once in a while
* taska-taska — cry profusely
* tast — scorn
* tas-tas — spanking
* tat — suddenly
* tata — sound of scratching
* tatal — stammering
* tatan — youngest child
* tati — offering but not giving
* tauki — nod (sleeping)
* tauki-mauki — hammering
* taunk — hammering sound
* taun-taun — large wave.
* teke-meke — provoking.
* telent-telent — stand doing nothing.
* tenk — halt, stop.
* tente — upright.
* terreil-merreil — rebel, uncontrolled, unbridled.
* terren-terren — stubbornly.
* terrest-merrest — in any way.
* ter-ter — slowly, little by little.
* ter-ter-ter — in a straight line.
* tete — doggy.
* tetele — idiot.
* tetele-metele — without thinking.
* tifli-tafla — beating.
* tiki-taka — little by little, step by step.
* tilingo — worn out.
* tin — clang, metal sound.
* tinki-tanka — gulp
* tinta-minta — small details
* tintin — pulse
* tintirriña — baby's bottle
* tipirri-taparra — run with difficulty
* tipi-tapa — pitter-patter
* tir — cicada's song
* tira-tole — at will
* tira! — c'mon!
* tiribili-tarabala — fall and roll down
* tirin-kintan — tinkling
* tirri — gnashing of teeth
* tirri-tarra — farting
* tirriki-tarraka — lagging, straggling
* tirrin — electric ring
* tirrist-tarrast — plod
* tirrit — say "no" in disgust
* tiruri-tiruriru — sound of flute
* to — hey! (addressing males)
* tonk — get upset stomach from something, overdose on
* topa — toast, cheers
* torro-torroka — leapfrog, children's game
* tou-tou — call for cows
* traka-traka — walk, trot
* trank — slam, bang [door closing]
* trapala-trapala — gallop
* trata — clumsy movement of the spinning top
* trikitixa — dance and music from the Basque Country
* triki-traka — walk rhythmically
* trikun-trakuntza — gipsy con
* tringili-trangala — rattle
* trinka-trinka — press too much
* triska-traskatu — fight tooth and nail
* trisket — doorknocker
* trist — instant
* truskul — man with a malformation who walks clumsily, running into people
* truxala — rain buckets (a lot)
* tuf — yuck! expression of revulsion
* tuju-tuju — cough!
* tululu — a combination of three cards of equal value in the card game 31
* tulut — plug
* tunpa — loud blow
* tunpaka — jump in the air
* turlututu — no way
* turrusta — waterfall, cascade
* tururu — whistle made of plants
* turuta — small bugle
* tut — not a thing
TT
* tta — yuck! (expression of disgust)
* ttaka-ttaka — taking baby steps
* ttakun-ttakun — sound of txalaparta
* ttara-ttara — drag little by little
* ttattik — expression used when somebody is deceived
* ttatto — get off
* tteke-meke — provoking
* tteke-tteke — slowly and peacefully
* ttinttin — handbell sound
* ttinttinrrin — liquor
* ttipi-ttapa — small step by step
* ttitt — get dressed
* ttok-ttok-ttok — small person looking around for something
* ttoporro — deformed animal
* ttotta — eau-de-vie;
* ttu — spit
* ttuki-ttuki — objection
* ttulun-ttulun — take it easily
* ttun-ttun — Basque instrument from Soule, psaltery
* ttunttur — Basque mardi-gras characters in Ituren and Zubieta (joaldunak)
* ttuntturro — carnival hat, worn by joaldunak
* ttur-ttur — shit of sheep
TX
* txa — stop tapping
* txago — keep upright (of children)
* txainpa — woman's cry
* txak — short step
* txangot — sultry, stuffy weather
* txanpa — fast rowing regatas
* txanpan — rock the boats on the waves
* txanpon — coin
* txantol — wooden cat, tap for barrels
* txantxa — joke
* txantxulin — reckless
* txapar — small person
* txaplast — play ducks and drakes
* txapla-txapla — splash about barefoot
* txarakal — empty nut
* txart — swipe
* txart-txart — punish
* txatan-txatan — every step
* txeia — call for women
* txetxe — small child
* txi — roast
* txikili-txakala — walk slowly but with a firm step
* txikli-txoklo — clog
* txiko — call for young donkeys
* txil — cry, say uncle
* txilin-txilinera — throw nuts one by one
* txil-txil — simmer, slowly boil
* txin — coin, money
* txint — not a word
* txin-txin — clinking of coins
* txintxirri — rattle
* txintxo — good, loyal
* txio — chirp, tweet
* txipli-txapla — splash about
* txiri — shaving
* txirikonkila — carry a baby astride
* txirki-mirki — to be crossed with somebody
* txirlo — skittle
* txirri-mirri — insecure person, busybody
* txirrin — bell, buzzer, ring
* txirrist — slide
* txirrista — slide, tobbogan, sled
* txirtxilatu — explode, tear to pieces
* txir-txir — frying crackle
* txirula — flute
* txiska — trample
* txiska-miskaka — look for sweets
* txistu — Basque flute
* txita — chick
* txil-txil — willy, wee-wee
* txitxiri-bitxiri — bits and pieces, trinket
* txitxirri-patxarra — informality
* txiz — wee, pee
* txo! — call for attention, addressing boys
* txonbo — dive, dipping one's head in the water
* txongil — drinking jug with spout and handle (see botijo)
* txontxongilo — puppet
* txora-txora — drive mad
* txort — fuck, screw
* txost — in card game, answer to txist
* txotx — expression used in sagardotegis when a barrel is to be opened
* txu — spit
* txun-txun — small drum
* txurrun — curl up
* txurrut — sip
* txurrute-murrute — pub crawl
* txut — ouch!
* txutxu-mutxuka — whispering, saying secrets
TZ
* tzintz — mucus
* tzipi-tzapa — baby crawl
* tzir-tzil — loose thread; unimportant thing or person
* tzonbor — log (tree)
* tzurruntzuntzun — rickety rickety
* tzur-tzur — laugh sarcastically
U
* ufa — puff, expression of sadness
* uka-muka — doubt
* ulu — howl
* um — expression of distrust
* urku-murku — be up to no good
* urra-urra — call for hens
* urrutaka-urrutaka — by bargaining
* usa — whoa! (stop oxen)
* utx — expression of pain and surprise
* utz — flatulence
* ux — call to move away hens
* uzkur-muzkur — idle
X
* xa — whoa! (oxen)
* xafla — slap
* xafla-xafla — hit rhythmically
* xaha-xaha — get undressed and wash the clothes
* xapi — away! (for cats)
* xarrast — scratch
* xarrata — mice squeak
* xast — do something quickly
* xehe-mehe — incidentally, in detail
* xiliparta-xalaparta — making a racket, a row
* ximur-xamur — wrinkle a bit
* xingar — pork, pig's flesh
* xingola-mingola — zigzag
* xinta-minta — whimpering, whining
* xintxar — mist
* xiribiri — violin
* xiriko-miriko — tempting
* xiri-miri — drizzle
* xirimola — hurricane
* xirin — diarrhea
* xirmi-xarma — spell, charm
* xirriki-xarraka — plod
* xirrit — dripping
* xirrizta — cry of pain
* xirro-marro — shepherd's game with six pebbles
* xirti-xarta — whipping
* xirto — pun, play of words
* xirurika — whoosh
* xist — quickly; instant
* xiu-xiu — sound of squirrels
* xista-mista — flash of lightning
* xixtrin — despicable
* xoko-moko — hidden places
* xotuz-xotuz — insisting
* xumli-xumla — abracadabra
* xurrut — sip, swig
* xurru-xurru — drink constantly
Z
* za-za-za — speak fast
* zadura-badura — mishmash, jumble
* zafla — loud splash (water, mud)
* zaiki-paiki — shove
* zak — suddenly
* zaka-zaka — gulp down
* zalamala — tangle
* zalamandrana — ugly and scruffy woman
* zalantza-malantza — indecision
* zaldiko-maldiko — ride, merry-go-round, carousel
* zalko-zalko — astride
* zanbro — stinging, burning sensation
* zanga-zanga — drink clumsily
* zanpo — walk with the legs open
* zantzo — cheer, martial song
* zaparrada — downpour
* zapart — clash, clatter
* zapa-zapa — walk without stopping
* zaplast — sudden blow, shot
* zapotz — spigot, tap
* zaputz — insociable
* zarabanda — teeter-tooter
* zaraza — rain profusely
* zarko-marko — old crock
* zarra — walk on one's backside
* zarrantzantzan — cling-clang, metal things dragged
* zart — snap, break of a heavy object (metal, cristal)
* zar-zar — heavy rain
* zasta-zasta — pecking
* zauka-mauka — truly
* zausk — impression
* zaust — fit in easily
* zaxt — ravenously
* zehar-mehar — in both directions
* zeharo-meharo — completely
* zehats-mehatz — in great detail
* zelba-zelba — fresh
* zibli-zabla — double smack
* zikin-mikin — dirty
* zikirri-bakarra — fun-loving, busybody and clumpsy person
* zik-zak — spark
* zil — navel; umbilical cord
* zilin — weak
* zilintz — handbell
* zilin-zin-zin — not to know that to do
* zilio — scream
* zilipolot — shake a liquid in a container
* zilo-milo — holes and scratches
* ziltzi-maltza — mess
* zimel — wilted, shriveled, parched
* zimiko — sting, peck; pinch
* zimintx — hoop
* zimitz — bed bug
* zimur — wrinkle
* zin — oath, wow, promise
* zinbili-zanbula — tumbling, toppling
* zinbriki — tiny, teeny-weeny
* zinbunbuka — parade with small drums
* zinburrin — whistle, made of straw or branch bark
* zinburrun — alboka, single-reed woodwind instrument
* zinga-zinga — drink in gulps
* zingil — skinny
* zingilipurka — get drunk
* zingorro-mangorroka — stumbling, teetering
* zingo-zango — water tank
* zingulu-zangulu — shuffle
* zingun-zingun — with insistence
* zinguzango — crossbeam holding the bellow's at the blacksmith's
* zinka-minka — in earnest, putting a lot of effort
* zinki — seriously
* zinkulin-minkulin — in a finicky, squeamish way
* zinku-minku — whining
* zinkurin-minkurin — complaint, groan
* zinpiti-zanpata — fall down suddenly
* zinpi-zanpa — constantly punching
* zinpurdikatu — hang by the hands and moving legs and back
* zintz — blow one's nose; make a child blow his nose
* zintzarri — cowbell
* zintzo — honest, loyal
* zinzilo — gawky
* zipa — old small coin
* zipert egin — burst with spite
* ziperta — a tap, touch in the skull
* zipirri-zaparra — trudge, plod; blotch; wallop
* zipirt-zapart — throw punches left, right and centre
* zipi-zapa — wolfing down; pell-mell, helter-skelter
* zipla — exclamation of winning; dig, cutting remark
* zipli-zapla — slap
* zipot — belly
* zipri — lively
* zipriztin — splash
* zipunpa — rocket
* zira-bira — somersault
* zirgit egin — shudder
* zirika-mirika — pushing one's way through
* zirika-maraka — be busy with petty things
* zirikot — whey water
* ziri-mara — soft and continuous movement
* ziri-miri — drizzle
* zirimirola — whirlwind, twister
* zirin — guano, diarrhoea
* zirin-zirin — slide down a slope (as a game)
* ziripot — Basque Mardi Gras character in Lantz
* ziri-zara — glide; wriggle along
* zirki-miriki — get annoyed
* zirkin — propel
* zirkin-zarkin — walk from one place to another
* zirla — clam
* zirla-zarla — shoe's noise when walking clumsily
* zirra — profusion
* zirrazarra — sneeze
* zirri-marra — act without thinking
* zirriki-zarraka — scribble
* zirrimirri — Basque mythological character from Oiartzun
* zirrinta — dawn; ray, beam
* zirrin-zarran — drag a heavy object; expression used in card game mus when you get as many points as hamarrekos
* zirri-parra — work carelessly
* zirrist — slide; gushing out water
* zirris-zarras — sound of saw
* zirritaka — sound of red-hot-metal in contact with water
* zirri-zorro — heavy breathing; snore
* zirrizta — match a ball with a leather glove
* zirt edo zart — decisively; resolutely
* zirtako — snap
* zortziprikatu — beat a ball
* zirun-zarun — word used in Mus card game
* zirurika — spinning very fast
* ziski-naska — tangle, mess
* zist — escape, disappear suddenly
* zistu — speed, energy
* zitar — roasted
* zits — bare-legged
* zitzi — food; meat
* ziuli zaula — quick smacks
* zizipaza — lisp
* zizka-mizka — hors d'oeuvres
* zizki-mizki — trinket, detail
* zizo — blabbing
* zizpa — rifle
* zizt — sound made by an incision, a puncture
* zizti-zazta — sting several times
* ziztu — speed, quickness
* zoko-moko — nook, fold
* zonzon — idiot
* zoro-moro — to do something any old how
* zorran — gush out
* zorrotz — sharp; strict, severe
* zotin — hiccup
* zotz — expression used when refusing flatly
* zuist — quick and gliding movement
* zuku-zuku — suck, drink a liquid
* zunp — explosion, boom
* zunt — shut, locked
* zupust — insert something somewhere suddenly
* zurru eta purru — suck in, munch, crunch
* zurruburru — disagreement, quarrel
* zurrukutun — bread and cod soup
* zurrumurru — rumour; whisper
* zurrunbilo — whirlpool
* zurrunburrunka — confused, in disorder
* zurrunga — snore
* zurruntza — set somebody's teeth on edge
* zurrupita — big shower
* zurruputun — cod soup served in cider houses for sailors
* zurrut — absorbing, sipping
* zurrut eta purrut — in between sips
* zurru-zurru — in gulps
* zurt — to be alert
* zut — up!, straight
* zuzi — torch
* zuzumuzu — whispering | WIKI |
Biejków
Biejków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Promna, in Białobrzegi County, Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It is approximately 4 km northeast of Promna, 7 km northeast of Białobrzegi, and 58 km south of Warsaw. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:WikiProject Creationism
Some Wikipedians have formed a project to better organize information in articles related to creationism (originally intelligent design creationism, but expanded in December 2010 to cover all forms of creationism). This page and its subpages contain their suggestions, and it is hoped that this project will help to focus the efforts of other Wikipedians working on the topic. If you would like to help, please inquire on the talk page and see the to-do list there.
For more information on WikiProjects, please see WikiProject and WikiProject/Best practices.
Scope
This project is dedicated to improving and better organizing Wikipedia articles related to creationism. These articles should all be placed in the Category:Creationism or one of its subcategories.
Goals
* Improve accuracy and neutrality in articles related to creationism in a broad sense.
* Create a centralized list of all articles related to creationism.
* Create a rating system for all articles related to creationism and rate existing articles.
* Ensure that internal organisation of creationism articles is consistent.
* Ensure that overall linguistic style of creationism articles is consistent.
* Ensure that all footnotes and references are kept up to date and align with WP Policy: Verifiability and WP Guideline: Reliable sources.
* Work to bring these articles up to the level of Featured Articles.
Similar Projects
* WikiProject Evolutionary biology
Related pages in Sister projects
* Creationism
* Creationism
* Creationism
* Creationism
* Creationism
* Creationism
* Creationism
* Simple:Creationism
Related portals
* Portal:Biology
[[Image:Nuvola apps kdmconfig.png|20px]] Participants
Please feel free to add your name.
All members should feel free to add User WikiProject Creationism to their userpages.
* 1) Guettarda 05:21, 21 July 2006 (UTC)
* 2) •Jim 62 sch• 13:32, 21 July 2006 (UTC)
* 3) FeloniousMonk 19:18, 24 July 2006 (UTC)
* 4) KillerChihuahua?!? 15:43, 8 September 2006 (UTC)
* 5) Tharikrish 17:12, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
* 6) John Carter 18:06, 12 July 2007 (UTC)
* 7) Wikidudeman (talk) 09:02, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
* 8) – ornis ⚙ 09:11, 4 August 2007 (UTC)
* 9) HrafnTalkStalk 18:09, 20 September 2007 (UTC)
* 10) Odd nature 21:27, 20 September 2007 (UTC)
* 11) Naturezak (talk) 19:48, 27 November 2007 (UTC)
* 12) Writtenonsand (talk) 04:41, 5 February 2008 (UTC)
* 13) RJRocket53 (talk) 00:20, 25 February 2008 (UTC)
* 14) Saksjn (talk) 14:05, 5 March 2008 (UTC)
* 15) American Eagle 03:37, 10 April 2008 (UTC)
* 16) Olorin3k 12:21, 16 April 2008 (UTC)
* 17) - Diligent Terrier (and friends) 21:22, 28 April 2008 (UTC)
* 18) Doc Tropics 21:00, 3 May 2008 (UTC)
* 19) Bnaur Talk 20:00, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
* 20) Uncle Ed (talk) 13:39, 15 May 2008 (UTC)
* 21) Amerique dialectics 22:10, 28 June 2008 (UTC)
* 22) Naerii 03:55, 3 July 2008 (UTC)
* 23) DannyMuse (talk) 07:27, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
* 24) Totnesmartin (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 21:29, 24 December 2008.
* 25) User:Kenosis —Preceding undated comment added 22:23, 28 May 2009.
* 26) —Preceding undated comment added 08:08, 13 July 2010.
* 27) —Preceding undated comment added 12:44, 18 January 2011.
* 28) Wekn reven (UTC) 13:46, 1 June 2011 (UTC)
* 29) DRS, added 20 August 2011
* 30) kellnerp, added 19 September 2011
* 31) TDurden1937 (talk) 22:24, 4 October 2011 (UTC)
* 32) Zenkai251 (talk) 06:03, 16 December 2011 (UTC)
* 33) Adam in MO Talk 05:36, 17 December 2011 (UTC)
* 34) Lee Tru., added April 8, 2013
* 35) Felixbw (talk) 21:57, 31 March 2022 (UTC)
Hierarchy definition
Taskforces:
* Intelligent design
* Young Earth creationism
Departments
* Assessment - the assessment department.
Tasks
* 1) Place the WikiProject Creationism banner on the talk pages of all articles that fall within the scope of this project.
* 2) Check the recent changes function for recent changes in the articles supported by the project, including improvements, other changes, and vandalism.
* 3) Check the Category:Creationism articles needing attention for any articles requiring immediate attention.
* 4) Reassess (for both quality and importance) and improve articles that have below average rated quality for their rated importance:
* 5) Top-importance articles that are only B-class:
* 6) Discovery Institute
* 7) Irreducible complexity
* 8) High-importance articles that are only Start-class:
* 9) Darwin on Trial
* 10) Icons of Evolution
* 11) Michael Behe
* 12) Phillip E. Johnson
* 13) Santorum Amendment
* 14) Specified complexity
* 15) The Design Inference
* 16) Mid-importance articles that are only Stub-class:
* 17) Charles Thaxton
* 18) Glenn Branch
* 19) Kevin Padian
* 20) Robert T. Pennock
* 21) Michael Denton
* 22) Find sources for, and expand, older and lesser-known cases in Category:United States creationism and evolution case law
* 23) Update and maintain Portal:Creationism
* 24) Expand articles in Category:Creationism stubs
Adopt an article
Similar to the Collaboration of the week, but on a smaller scale, you might want to "adopt" an article. This would involve doing the research, writing, and picture-taking (if possible) for either a non-existent article or a stub. Of course, everyone else can still edit an adopted article, and you can work on other things too, but the idea is to find a focus for a while, to try and build up the number of quality articles the Project has produced.
* Example article: User:Example
Infoboxes
* Creationism
* Creationism2
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* Creationism-stub
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Lists
* List of scientists who believed in Biblical creation
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Featured Articles
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DYK (Did You Know)s
* Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns - 29 May 2007.
Version 1.0 Editorial Team selections
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New Wikipedia articles related to Creationism
Please feel free to list your new Creationism-related articles here (newer articles at the top, please). Any new articles that have an interesting or unusual fact in them should be suggested for the Did you know? box on the Main Wikipedia page. DYN has a 72 hr. time limit from the creation of the article. | WIKI |
Retirement Math Can Be Simple
By Roger Nusbaum :
Last night I found this article from Marketwatch about low savings leading to delayed retirement or even folks never retiring. They hit on what a mistake it is to count on Social Security for half of your financial needs. The article never defined why it was preoccupied with half of expenses and never said why it was a bad idea. I think there was an implication that SS wouldn't be enough to cover half but I am not sure.
Of the many things left out of the article was how simple it is to know what your Social Security will be provided you can "retire" at a "normal" age. Retire is put in quotes because some sort of active income stream will need to be part of the equation for many people and the word normal was put in quotes because people choose to retire at all sorts of different ages. Other folks have their hands forced by circumstance and others never want to retire.
My full retirement amount (( FRA )) is scheduled to be $2800, the amount I get by waiting until 67. My wife will get half of that when she is 67 (I would be 73), so the total would be $4200. Right now our fixed monthly expenses are $4000. That includes $1350 for the mortgage on the house we live in that should be paid off in four years (I will be 56). No mortgage when I am 67 might drop our fixed monthlies to $2700 in today's dollars. It also includes $800 for health insurance that should drop some once all of the various medicares are figured out and we assess our need for supplemental insurance.
There are a couple of things like propane (we have propane here, not natural gas or heating oil) and car insurance that we pay lump sum, and we will need to pay property tax and homeowners insurance directly at that time, so maybe add $500/mo back in (property tax in Northern AZ is very low). Let's just say our all-in fixed expenses will be $3500/mo in today's dollars. This means Social Security could cover all of our fixed expenses and our savings would be left over to cover one-off expenses like vet bills, new tires or home repairs as well as any fun we might want to have, like taking a trip.
You can just as easily do the same math with your numbers. What is your likely SS payout? What are your expenses likely to be when you retire? Will your mortgage be paid off? Will you have car payments? You can construct, even if imperfectly, what your numbers are likely to be.
Is your Social Security less than what your expenses are likely to be? What is the shortfall? Are you planning to cover that shortfall out of savings? Generally a portfolio can pay out 4% and still be sustainable (meaning you're very unlikely to run out of money at 4%). So, your monthly shortfall times 12 months, divided by 0.04 - that is how much you need at a minimum. If you're short by $1200/mo, you'd need $360,000 to cover the shortfall. Plus, then you'd need money for fun, emergencies and one-off expenses.
Where we are collectively undersaved or, as Marketwatch contends, have no savings, that is where some ingenuity and compromises have to come into play. It would be far better to start figuring out how to solve any issues you might have long before retiring as opposed to waking up on day one of retirement and asking yourself: "How am I going to pay my bills?"
If you want to be very conservative in your planning, assume a 23% haircut to your Social Security. One suggested fix is paying only 77% of benefits, starting in the mid-2030s, to help with viability. I am not sure how likely this is to happen, but like anything else, this is not something you'd want to catch you off guard.
This is the conversation that leads to downsizing your home into something tiny or very small or moving someplace much cheaper, whether that is in the US or overseas somewhere. I went to college in San Diego and a lot of my college friends still live in California and we have these conversations all the time on Facebook. Many of them are interested in leaving California to move someplace cheaper. Some are interested in Arizona and some are interested in foreign countries. If you look at real estate in Southern California you will see very modest homes on the market for $800,000-$1.2 million. Someone my age (I'm 52) could have bought a modest home in Southern California in the mid-1990s for $300,000-$400,000. Someone in this circumstance, walking away with $700,000-$1 million, could easily buy a comparable house in Arizona for $400,000, even less in New Mexico and still have a decent retirement fund left over. Here's an article from the Wall Street Journal about east coasters landing in Appalachia after downsizing.
A little less dramatically, this circumstance could easily result in adding $100,000-$200,000 to a modest 401(k) balance, resulting in an adequate retirement fund even if not a robust one.
Anyone in this circumstance is going to have their work cut out for them, all the more so if this is a Plan B because Plan A didn't work out. You can either take a negative view or be positive: View it as a challenge that you will overcome and that you will feel good about having solved to make a workable retirement.
All of this not to mention some sort of active income that you create for yourself and enjoy doing.
See also Multimedia Weekly Digest: U.S. Treasuries And Equities on seekingalpha.com
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Cookbook:Onion Confit
Onion confit can be used to fill quiches or to stir-fry cabbage.
Bouquet garni
* 8 thyme sprigs
* 2 parsley sprigs
* 2 bay leaves
* ½ tsp black peppercorns
* Leek (optional)
Confit
* ¼ cup water
* 8 tbsp unsalted butter
* 3 large onions (Spanish or yellow work well)
* 1½ tsp salt
Procedure
* 1) Wrap the bouquet garni ingredients in cheesecloth, and tie with kitchen twine.
* 2) Peel and cut the onions in 1-inch wedges, along the grain (look for the lines going from the root to the tip).
* 3) Warm the water in a stock pot big enough to fit all the onions.
* 4) Melt the butter in the water, and stir to emulsify. Add the onions and stir. Lower the heat to a gentle bubble—the onions should not brown at all.
* 5) Add the bouquet garni and cover the pot (a parchment lid works well to keep all the flavors in but let steam escape).
* 6) Cook for 2 hours until the onions are soft but not falling apart. If there's too much liquid, turn up the heat a bit near the end to evaporate it.
* 7) Remove the bouquet garni, and let cool to room temperature.
* 8) Use or store for up to a week in the refrigerator. Drain the liquid before using (it's delicious—you can use it separately).
Notes, tips, and variations
* Dairy free: use dairy-free butter, margarine, or oil instead of the regular butter. | WIKI |
0
I'm trying to calculate the age from the date of birth provided by user in Gravity Form. Now the thing is that I want the age to be stored in a hidden field in the gravity form so that I can use conditional login on that hidden field.
I've added a datepicker for the date of birth, but not sure if my function is ok to calculate the exact age and return it to a parameter which I can use in a hidden field.
Here is the code I've written:
add_filter("gform_field_value_age", "_populate_age");
function _populate_age( $result, $value, $form, $field ){
$age = date('Y') - substr($value, 6, 4);
return $age;
}
I know my function is wrong but I was hoping someone can help me out on this.
1 Answer 1
1
Your first problem is there's no gform_field_value_age filter available in Gravity Forms. You probably need to use gform_after_submission (depends somewhat on what else you're trying to do) then in your function you need to set the hidden 'age' field equal to your calculated age then return the form. So updating your code you'd get something like:
add_filter("gform_field_value_age", "_populate_age");
function _populate_age( $entry, $lead, $field, $form ) {
$age = date('Y') - substr($entry[1], 10, 4);
//change the 1 in $entry[1] to birthday field id
$entry[2] = $age;
//$entry[2] the 2 should be the field id of the hidden age field
return $form;
}
Your Answer
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Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Sanders vows to introduce Medicare for All in first week of presidency | TheHill
Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Bernie SandersBernie SandersFive takeaways from the Democratic debate As Buttigieg rises, Biden is still the target Leading Democrats largely pull punches at debate MORE (I-Vt.) said Friday he would introduce his "Medicare for All" bill in the first week of his tenure if he is elected next year. Sanders made that promise when accepting an endorsement from National Nurses United, which also backed the Vermont senator's 2016 presidential run. "With National Nurses United at my side, during the first week of our presidency, we are going to introduce that legislation," he said. Sanders's Medicare for All plan, which he reintroduced in the Senate this spring, would create a national health system financed by the federal government to cover all U.S. residents. The plan is also supported by Sen. Elizabeth WarrenElizabeth Ann WarrenFive takeaways from the Democratic debate As Buttigieg rises, Biden is still the target Leading Democrats largely pull punches at debate MORE (D-Mass.), who is also running for president. Warren on Friday proposed a transition plan that would move the country toward Medicare for All over the course of three years. Sanders was asked to comment on that plan Friday and replied: "I will let Sen. Warren speak for herself." But he said his own plan is the "fastest and most effective way to move toward Medicare for All" and he would "engage in that struggle on day one of my administration and not put it off for several years." Warren's plan would expand ObamaCare coverage and create a public option for low-income families, children and Americans over 50 in her first 100 days in office. She would "fight to pass legislation that would complete the transition to full Medicare for all" by no later than her third year in office, her plan reads. Sanders's plan also has a transition plan of three years. His plan would reduce Medicare eligibility from 65 to 55 in the first year, while also covering children. The eligibility age would be dropped every year until year four, when every U.S. resident will be covered by Medicare for All. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 tel | 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Italy's Etna Volcano Awakens with New Explosions in the New Year
Etna in Italy had a real quiet 2016. However, it appears that 2017 won't follow the same path. Since January 23, the summit craters on Etna have been restless and now strombolian explosions have been rocking the South East Crater. In fact, two distinct vapor-and-ash plumes are active on the Sicilian volcano. This is the first sign of magma at the surface at Etna in over eight months (which is a long time for the nearly-constantly restless volcano). The current eruption (termed "mild" by the folks at the INGV's Etna Observatory) first started with loud explosions and incandescent blocks on January 20. By January 23, full-fledged strombolian explosions were occurring from a vent between some of the older South East Crater vents. On top of that, glowing and a small plume was noted from the Voragine crater as well. Etna is well-known for having eruptions where multiple summit vents are active, so this isn't too out of the ordinary. Whether this activity is a harbinger of an active new year at Etna is still unknown, but clearly the conditions are changing at the Italian volcano. When the weather is favorable, you can watch the eruptions at Etna on the webcams. https://twitter.com/simoncarn/status/825053841074880512 | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Cancer treatment
This page is a Wikiversity content development project for topic of Cancer Treatment.
When ready, please migrate all learning materials to pages in the main namespace (no prefix in the page names).
Chemotherapy
Cancer Drug Development: New Targets for Cancer Treatment - 1996
Anticancer Drug Development: The Way Forward - 1996
Fluorouracil
Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. It is a pyrimidine analog.
The chemotherapy agent 5-FU (fluorouracil), which has been in use against cancer for about 40 years, acts in several ways, but principally as a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, interrupting the action of an enzyme which is a critical factor in the synthesis of pyrimidine-which is important in DNA replication.
Some of its principal use is in colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, in which it has been the established form of chemotherapy for decades (platinum-containing drugs are a recent addition).
As a pyrimidine analogue, it is transformed inside the cell into different cytotoxic metabolites which are then incorporated into DNA and RNA, finally inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting the cell's ability to synthesize DNA. It is an S-phase specific drug and only active during certain cell cycles.
Capecitabine is a prodrug that is converted into 5-FU in the tissues. It can be administered orally.
From: Fluorouracil
Uracil can be used for drug delivery and as a pharmaceutical. When elemental fluorine is reacted with uracil, 5-fluorouracil is produced. 5-Fluorouracil is an anticancer drug (antimetabolite) used to masquerade as uracil during the nucleic acid replication process. The drug molecule also fools the enzymes that help in this process to incorporate this compound in the replication and not uracil, this causes the biological polymer (cancer) not to continue synthesizing.
From: Uracil
The backbone of treatment for colorectal cancer is fluorouracil, a fluorinated pyrimidine, which is thought to act primarily by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, the rate-limiting enzyme in pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Fluorouracil is usually administered with leucovorin, a reduced folate, which stabilizes the binding of fluorouracil to thymidylate synthase, thereby enhancing the inhibition of DNA synthesis. In patients with advanced colorectal cancer, treatment with fluorouracil and leucovorin reduces tumor size by 50 percent or more in approximately 20 percent of patients (the "objective-response rate") and prolongs median survival from approximately 6 months (without treatment) to about 11 months.
From: Systemic Therapy for Colorectal Cancer
Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2H4PteGlu) to dUMP forming TMP. Inhibition of TS results in apoptotic cell death due to intracellular thymidine depletion. Since cancer cells undergo rapid multiplication, they are much more sensitive to thymidine depletion and TS is the target of several anticancer agents used in colon, neck, and breast chemotherapy.
From: Thymidylate synthase
Antimetabolite drugs work by inhibiting essential biosynthetic processes, or by being incorporated into macromolecules, such as DNA and RNA, and inhibiting their normal function. The fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) does both. Fluoropyrimidines were developed in the 1950s following the observation that rat hepatomas used the pyrimidine uracil — one of the four bases found in RNA — more rapidly than normal tissues, indicating that uracil metabolism was a potential target for antimetabolite chemotherapy1. The mechanism of cytotoxicity of 5-FU has been ascribed to the misincorporation of fluoronucleotides into RNA and DNA and to the inhibition of the nucleotide synthetic enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS).
5-FU is widely used in the treatment of a range of cancers, including colorectal and breast cancers, and cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Although 5-FU in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents improves response rates and survival in breast and head and neck cancers, it is in colorectal cancer that 5-FU has had the greatest impact. 5-FU-based chemotherapy improves overall and disease-free survival of patients with resected stage III colorectal cancer. Nonetheless, response rates for 5-FU-based chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced colorectal cancer are only 10–15% (REF. 3). The combination of 5-FU with newer chemotherapies such as Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin has improved the response rates for advanced colorectal cancer to 40–50%. However, despite these improvements, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed.
Understanding the mechanisms by which 5-FU causes cell death and by which tumours become resistant to 5-FU is an essential step towards predicting or overcoming that resistance. So, what do we know about the mechanism of action of 5-FU and what strategies have been used to enhance its activity?
...5-FU is an analogue of uracil with a fluorine atom at the C-5 position in place of hydrogen. It rapidly enters the cell using the same facilitated transport mechanism as uracil6. 5-FU is converted intracellularly to several active metabolites: fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP), fluorodeoxyuridine triphosphate (FdUTP) and fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) (FIG. 1) — these active metabolites disrupt RNA synthesis and the action of TS. The rate-limiting enzyme in 5-FU catabolism is dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), which converts 5-FU to dihydrofluorouracil (DHFU).More than 80% of administered 5-FU is normally catabolized primarily in the liver, where DPD is abundantly expressed.
From: 5-Fluorouracil: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Strategies
Clinical pharmacology of 5-fluorouracil - April 1989
Dendrimer grafts for delivery of 5-fluorouracil - April 2002
A New Class of Nanoscopic Containers and Delivery Devices - April 2003
5-Fluorouracil: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Strategies - May 2003
Capecitabine (Xeloda)
Capecitabine (INN) (IPA: [keɪpˈsaɪtəbin]) is an orally-administered chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of metastatic breast and colorectal cancers. Capecitabine is a prodrug, that is enzymatically converted to 5-fluorouracil in the tumor by the tumor-specific enzyme PynPase, where it inhibits DNA synthesis and slows growth of tumor tissue. The activation of capecitabine follows a pathway with three enzymatic steps and two intermediary metabolites, 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (5'-DFCR) and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR), to form 5-fluorouracil. Capecitabine is marketed under the trade name Xeloda (Roche).
Capecitabine is FDA-approved for:
* Adjuvant Stage III Dukes'C Colon Cancer - used as first-line monotherapy.
* Metastatic Colorectal Cancer - used as first-line monotherapy, if appropriate.
* Metastatic Breast Cancer - used in combination with docetaxel, after failure of anthracycline-based treatment. Also as monotherapy, if the patient has failed paclitaxel-based treatment, and if anthracycline-based treatment has either failed or cannot be continued for other reasons (i.e., the patient has already received the maximum lifetime dose of an anthracycline).
From: Capecitabine
Irinotecan (Camptosar)
Irinotecan is a chemotherapy agent that is a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor.
Its main use is in colon cancer, particularly in combination with other chemotherapy agents. This includes the regimen FOLFIRI which consists of infusional 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan.
Irinotecan is marketed by Pfizer as Camptosar®. It is also known as CPT-11.
Irinotecan is activated by hydrolysis to SN-38, an inhibitor of topoisomerase I. This is then inactivated by glucuronidation by uridine diphosphate glucoronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1). Eventually, this process inhibits DNA replication and transcription.
From: Irinotecan
Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)
Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug in the same family as cisplatin and carboplatin. It is typically administered in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin in a combination known as FOLFOX for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Compared to cisplatin the two amine groups are replaced by cyclohexyldiamine for improved antitumour activity. The chlorine ligands are replaced by the oxalato bidentate derived from oxalic acid in order to improve water solubility.
Oxaliplatin is marketed by Sanofi-Aventis under the trademark Eloxatin®.
In vivo studies showed oxaliplatin has anti-tumor activity against colon carcinoma through its (non-targeted) cytotoxic effects. Median patient survival is approximately 5 months greater compared to the previous standard treatment.
From: Oxaliplatin
Cetuximab (Erbitux)
Cetuximab (Erbitux®) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody given by intravenous injection for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer.
Cetuximab is distributed inside the United States by ImClone Systems and Bristol-Myers Squibb, while it is distributed outside North America by Merck KGaA. It faces stiff competition from bevacizumab (Avastin), made by Genentech, and potential competition from panitumumab, currently under development by Amgen and Abgenix.
Cetuximab is believed to operate by binding to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of cancer cells, preventing ligand binding and activation of the receptor. This blocks the downstream signaling of EGFR resulting in impaired cell growth and proliferation.
Cetuximab is used in metastatic colon cancer and is given concurrently with the chemotherapy drug irinotecan (Camptosar®), a form of chemotherapy that blocks the effect of DNA topoisomerase I, resulting in fatal damage to the DNA of affected cells. While there is a medical laboratory test to detect if a cancer tumor overexpresses epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) on its cells surface, this overexpression has recently been shown to not have any bearing on whether a patient will respond to Cetuximab or not. Whether this is because the current tests are just not sensitive enough to detect EGFR overexpression or because EGFR overexpression is not linked to the drugs effectiveness has not been established. Cetuximab was approved by the FDA in March 2006 after the publication of research performed by Dr J. Bonner [1] for use in combination with radiation therapy for treating squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) or as a single agent in patients who have had prior platinum-based therapy.
The probability of successfully responding to Cetuximab therapy is linked to the incidence of acne like rash, one of the drugs side effects. The worse the rash that develops for the patient the higher the response rate.
From: Cetuximab
Bevacizumab (Avastin)
Bevacizumab (trade name Avastin®) drug used in treatment of cancer that targets the angiogenesis pathway.
It is used in combination with standard chemotherapy drugs in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved bevacizumab for use in colon cancer 2004. The medicine was developed by Genentech and is marketed, in the United States by Genentech and elsewhere by Roche (Genentech's parent company), under the brand name Avastin.
Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, and was the first commercially available angiogenesis inhibitor. It stops tumor growth by preventing the formation of new blood vessels by targeting and inhibiting the function of a natural protein called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that stimulates new blood vessel formation.
The drug was first developed as a genetically engineered version of a mouse antibody that contains both human and mouse components. Genentech is able to produce the antibody in production-scale quantities.
Bevacizumab was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in February 2004 for use in colorectal cancer when used with standard chemotherapy treatment. It was approved by the EMEA in January 2005 for use in colorectal cancer. Israel has also approved the use of bevacizumab.
Bevacizumab is usually given intravenously through the arm every 14 days. In colon cancer, it is given in combination with the chemotherapy drug 5-FU (5-fluorouracil), leucovorin, and oxaliplatin or irinotecan.
Bevacizumab has also demonstrated activity in renal cell cancer and ovarian cancer when used as a single agent, and in lung cancer and breast cancer when combined with chemotherapy.
From: Bevacizumab
Systemic Therapy for Colorectal Cancer - February 2005
Protease
High levels of proteolytic enzymes are associated with many tumors. This may be a result of adaptation to rapid cell cycling; removal of unnecessary regulatory proteins; and for secretion to sustain invasion, metastasis formation, and angiogenesis. Proteolytic enzymes represent an attractive target of antitumor imaging strategies and potentially antitumor prodrug activation therapy.
Protease activated Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes- February 1999 | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/International Socialist League (2019)
The result was soft delete__EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__. Based on minimal participation, this uncontroversial nomination is treated as an expired PROD (a.k.a. "soft deletion"). Editors can request the article's undeletion. Liz Read! Talk! 05:01, 9 June 2024 (UTC)
International Socialist League (2019)
* – ( View AfD View log | edits since nomination)
In its current state, I'm not sure how this article meets our policy for notability of organizations. All of the cited sources are from periodicals and organizations directly affiliated with this organization (1 from Socialist Middle East, 1 from Alternativa Socialista, 3 from Asian Marxist Review, 1 from Periodismo de Izquierda, 1 from MST, 2 from the Socialist Laborers Party and 5 from the International Socialist League itself). Looking through Google Scholar, almost all of the results I see are about the South African International Socialist League, I can't find any clear cases of significant coverage of this organization in independent, reliable sources.
Despite linking to 25 websites and facebook pages affiliated with this organization, it doesn't appear that any of these affiliates are independently notable either, so I'm not sure what case can be made for this article needing to exist. Also, the only pages that appear to link to this one are just long lists of Trotskyist internationals. I don't think every non-notable Trotskyist international necessitates individual pages. Grnrchst (talk) 09:55, 31 May 2024 (UTC) Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Liz Read! Talk! 06:53, 7 June 2024 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Organizations and Politics. Grnrchst (talk) 09:55, 31 May 2024 (UTC)
* Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
* Delete – Per the nominator's arguments. Yue 🌙 17:50, 7 June 2024 (UTC)
| WIKI |
User:Brittanyyclaire/Student draft of Jane Eyre
Reception
Charlotte Bronte was too concerned with her work being judged for being a female, and her work was very feminine. Her book was viewed as a controversy at the time since she published it with a male pseudonym.
Style
Margeret Mcfadden-Gerber, author for MasterPlots, also applauded Bronte, "[Jane eyre is] like a fairytale, [it is] full of myth and superstition." | WIKI |
Hurley Mountain Inn
Hurley Mountain Inn is a restaurant/sports tavern in historic Hurley, New York.
History
The Inn began during the early 19th century as the “Suspension Bridge House.” About the beginning of the 20th century it was renamed the Hurley Hotel, featuring a tavern and a one chair barber shop. During the early 1970s it was renamed the Hurley Mountain Inn. For a few years it was known as a biker bar, but then a NY State Trooper barracks was sited directly across the street and the tavern became a tame flag-festooned family place, though thong-barings continued during its New Years celebrations. They claim to have the largest St. Patrick's Day celebration in New York - "latest figure, we served over 12000 lb of Mosey's corned beef in just 6 days! (Not to mention 5000 lb. of cabbage, 4500 lb. of potatoes and 4,000 lb of carrots!)."
The Hurley Mountain Inn was the setting for an upstate bar scene for the movie Tootsie. | WIKI |
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Build setup for .net Projects
Pancha Gyaneswari Yelika (45811) | asked Mar 11 '13, 9:23 a.m.
Hi,
I am new to .Net.
I am using RTC 4.0.1, and need to setup the build for the .net project using the Jazz build engine( Jazz build for Microsoft Visual Studio Solution - Jazz build engine).
I have followed the steps as described in the link below.
After configuring and requesting for the build, I am getting the following error.
2013-03-11 12:06:52 [Jazz build engine] running on host: localhost
2013-03-11 12:06:52 [Jazz build engine] Should build occur?
2013-03-11 12:06:52 [Jazz build engine] Yes: Always build a user initiated request.
2013-03-11 12:06:52 [Jazz build engine] Invoking pre-build participant "com.ibm.team.build.jazzscm"
2013-03-11 12:06:52 [Jazz build engine] Accepting changes into workspace "ADaaS .Net" ...
2013-03-11 12:06:53 [Jazz build engine] Fetching files to fetch destination "C:\Program Files\IBM\RTC-BuildSystem\jazz\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\${loadDirectory}" ...
2013-03-11 12:06:54 [Jazz build engine] Invoking build participant "com.ibm.team.build.msbuild"
java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "msbuild.exe" (in directory "C:\Program Files\IBM\RTC-BuildSystem\jazz\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse"): CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified.
at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:471)
at com.ibm.team.build.internal.engine.CommandLineBuildParticipant.execute(CommandLineBuildParticipant.java:312)
at com.ibm.team.build.internal.engine.MicrosoftBuildParticipant.build(MicrosoftBuildParticipant.java:407)
at com.ibm.team.build.internal.engine.BuildLoop.invokeBuildParticipants(BuildLoop.java:909)
at com.ibm.team.build.internal.engine.BuildLoop$2.run(BuildLoop.java:691)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:738)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified.
at java.lang.ProcessImpl.<init>(ProcessImpl.java:92)
at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(ProcessImpl.java:41)
at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:464)
... 5 more
Please let me know if I have missed anything.
Thanks,
Gyaneswari
Accepted answer
permanent link
Krishna Kishore (50112) | answered Mar 12 '13, 2:55 a.m.
JAZZ DEVELOPER
Hi,
This error is because msbuild.exe was not found, you would need to specify the path to msbuild.exe. To specify the path, open the build definition in the RTC Eclipse client, go to the 'Microsoft Build" tab and specify the location of MSBuild.exe in the "Path To Build Command" text box, for example "c:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\"
Thanks,
Kishore
Pancha Gyaneswari Yelika selected this answer as the correct answer
Comments
Pancha Gyaneswari Yelika commented Mar 12 '13, 3:12 a.m.
Thanks Krishna,
Actually, I have Jazz build engine running on server VM, and the path of MSbuild.exe was different than the client VM. This was causing the issue.
3 other answers
permanent link
Sudhakar Frederick (80113631) | answered Apr 03 '13, 7:50 a.m.
JAZZ DEVELOPER
Hi Kishore
I got almost the same error with RTC 4.0.1, VS 2010:
Microsoft (R) Build Engine Version 4.0.30319.1
[Microsoft .NET Framework, Version 4.0.30319.1]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 2007. All rights reserved.
MSBUILD : error MSB1021: Cannot create an instance of the logger. Could not load file or assembly 'C:\\IBM\\TeamConcertBuild\\buildsystem\\buildengine\\eclipse\\configuration\\org.eclipse.osgi\\bundles\\16\\1\\.cp\\os\\win32\\JbeMsBuildLogger.dll' or one of its dependencies. The given assembly name or codebase was invalid. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131047)
Switch: C:\IBM\TeamConcertBuild\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\configuration\org.eclipse.osgi\bundles\16\1\.cp\os\win32\JbeMsBuildLogger.dll;C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\JbeMSBuildLogs_1364989037453_1
Build failed
I didn't get the 3.5.0.0 error but if I look in the filesystem JbeMsBuildLogger.dll is in
C:\IBM\TeamConcertBuild\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\configuration\org.eclipse.osgi\bundles\16\1\.cp\os\win32\x86
Freddy
permanent link
Krishna Kishore (50112) | answered Mar 12 '13, 9:34 a.m.
JAZZ DEVELOPER
Looks like the JbeMsBuildLogger.dll which is used to create the compilation logs when the MSBuild is run has a dependency on the dll 'Microsoft.Build.Utilities.v3.5, Version=3.5.0.0'. The depenecy should not be on a specific version of the .NET library. I have filed a defect 255450: MSBuild Template: MSBuild logger has a hardcoded dependency with dll 'Microsoft.Build.Utilities.v3.5, Version=3.5.0.0 to investigate this issue. Meanwhile can you please install .NET 3.5 SP1 framework in the build machine and check if this error goes away.
Thanks,
Kishore
permanent link
Pancha Gyaneswari Yelika (45811) | answered Mar 12 '13, 9:13 a.m.
edited Mar 12 '13, 9:14 a.m.
I am able to proceed furthur, but now getting a different error.
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine]
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Substituted the following configuration element property variables:
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] com.ibm.team.build.msbuild : com.ibm.team.build.msbuild.buildItem = LoginApplication\LoginApplication.sln-E_o_T-ebug-E_o_T-Build-E_o_T--e_M_p_T_y_T_o_K_e_N--E_o_T-LoginApplication.log-E_o_T-${team.scm.fetchDestination}-E_o_B_i-WindowsApplication1\WindowsApplication1.sln-E_o_T-release-E_o_T-Build-E_o_T--e_M_p_T_y_T_o_K_e_N--E_o_T-WindowsApplication1.log-E_o_T-${team.scm.fetchDestination}-E_o_B_i- --> com.ibm.team.build.msbuild.buildItem = LoginApplication\LoginApplication.sln-E_o_T-ebug-E_o_T-Build-E_o_T--e_M_p_T_y_T_o_K_e_N--E_o_T-LoginApplication.log-E_o_T-fetched-E_o_B_i-WindowsApplication1\WindowsApplication1.sln-E_o_T-release-E_o_T-Build-E_o_T--e_M_p_T_y_T_o_K_e_N--E_o_T-WindowsApplication1.log-E_o_T-fetched-E_o_B_i-
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine]
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] running on host: WindowsServ-0
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Should build occur?
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Yes: Always build a user initiated request.
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Invoking pre-build participant "com.ibm.team.build.jazzscm"
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Accepting changes into workspace "ADaaS.NetProject (Change Management) StreamBuild Workspace" ...
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Deleting fetch destination "C:\Program Files\IBM\RTC-BuildSystem\jazz\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\fetched" before fetching ...
2013-03-12 15:55:14 [Jazz build engine] Fetching files to fetch destination "C:\Program Files\IBM\RTC-BuildSystem\jazz\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\fetched" ...
2013-03-12 15:55:16 [Jazz build engine] Invoking build participant "com.ibm.team.build.msbuild"
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 4.0.30319.17929
[Microsoft .NET Framework, version 4.0.30319.17929]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
MSBUILD : error MSB1021: Cannot create an instance of the logger. Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Build.Utilities.v3.5, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
Switch: C:\Program Files\IBM\RTC-BuildSystem\jazz\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\configuration\org.eclipse.osgi\bundles\16\1\.cp\os\win32\x86\JbeMsBuildLogger.dll;C:\Users\Pancha\AppData\Local\Temp\3\JbeMSBuildLogs_1363083916653_1
Build failed for - "LoginApplication\LoginApplication.sln", build exited with value "1".
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 4.0.30319.17929
[Microsoft .NET Framework, version 4.0.30319.17929]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
MSBUILD : error MSB1021: Cannot create an instance of the logger. Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Build.Utilities.v3.5, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
Switch: C:\Program Files\IBM\RTC-BuildSystem\jazz\buildsystem\buildengine\eclipse\configuration\org.eclipse.osgi\bundles\16\1\.cp\os\win32\x86\JbeMsBuildLogger.dll;C:\Users\Pancha\AppData\Local\Temp\3\JbeMSBuildLogs_1363083916654_2
Build failed for - "WindowsApplication1\WindowsApplication1.sln", build exited with value "1".
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Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 05.djvu/50
LEFT HOLCUS 34 HOLLAND elements of his art from his father. His talent procured him the friendship of Erasmus, at whose recommendation he went to England, and was employed first by Sir Thomas More, who introduced him to Henry VIII. He rose to the ze- nith of fortune in that monarch's court, and painted a great number of portraits which are still considered masterpieces of art. His masterpiece is perhaps the "Family of the Burgomaster Meyer," Gallery of Dresden. Holbein designed the celebrated series known as the "Dance of Death," cut in wood and first published at Lyons in 1538. He died of the plague in 1543. HOLCUS, a genus of grasses (order Gramineee), extremely common in some pastures, where they are called soft grasses. H. saccharatus contains a large quantity of sugar, and H. odon-atus is celebrated for its fragrance. There are only two species native to Great Brit- ain, woolly soft grass or meadow soft grass (H. lanatiis) and creeping-rooted soft grass (H. mollis). H. lanatus is the only North American species. HOLD, the whole interior cavity or ' "belly of a ship, or all that part of her inside which is comprehended between the floor and the lower deck throughout her length. HOLDER, EDWARD SINGLETON, an American astronomer; born in St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 5, 1846; was graduated at Washington University in 1866; and at the United States Military Academy in 1870; Professor of Mathematics at the Naval Academy in 1873-1881; presi- dent of the University of California in 1886-1888; director of the Lick Observa- tory in 1888-1898; he was then ap- pointed astronomer of the Smithsonian Institution. His publications include "Astronomy for Students" (with Simon Newcomb) ; "Monograph of the Central Parts of the Nebula of Orion"; "Astro- .nomical Bibliography"; "Handbook of Lick Observatory"; "Essays in Astron- omy" (1900); "The Sciences" (1903); "Galileo" (1905). He died in 1914. HOLDEN, CHARLES FREDERICK, an American naturalist; born in Lynn, Mass., 1851. He was assistant at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, from 1870 to 1877. He wrote: "Marvels of Animal Life"; "Wonder Wings"; "A Frozen Dragon, and Other Tales," a natural-history story-book for young people; "Life of Agassiz"; "Big Game at Sea"; "Game Fishes of the World" (1911); "The Ocean" (1913) ; "Angling Adventures Around the World" (1914). 1915. He died in HOLDING, the term in Scots law used to denote the manner in which heritable estate is holden, and corresponding to tenure in English law. HOLE, SAMUEL REYNOLDS, an English clergyman: born Dec. 5, 1819. He became canon of Lincoln in 1875, and in 1887 Dean of Rochester. He did much to promote the influence of the Church of England as the Church of the poor, and advocated the principles of the Free and Open Church Association. As a lecturer he was well known to Amer- ican audiences. Among his works are: "A Little Tour in Ireland" (1858); "A Book About Roses" (1869); "Nice and Her Neighbors" (1881); "Memories of Dean Hole" (1892). He died Aug. 27, 1904. HOLIGARNA (ho-le-gar'na), a genus of plants, order Anacardiaceas. The fruits of the species H. longifolia, with those of another plant of the same order, furnish the black varnish of Sylhet, which is much used in India for lacquer work. HOLINSHED, RAPHAEL RALPH (hol'in-shed), an English chronicler, in the age of Queen Elizabeth. He is best known by his "Chronicles of Englande, Scotlande, and Irelande," the first edi- tion of which, known as the "Shake- speare edition," because it is the one which the dramatist is supposed to have used in collecting material for his his- torical plays, published in London in 1577. He died about 1580. HOLKAR (hol'kar), the name of a powerful Mahratta family, the members of which have at various times been for- midable enemies "to the British Empire in India. The founder of the family was Mulhar Rao Holkar, born in the Deccan, 1693. HOLLAND. See Netherlands, The. HOLLAND, a city in Ottawa co., Mich., at the mouth of the Black river, on Lake Michigan, and on the Pere Mar- quette railroad, 25 miles S. W. of Grand Rapids. It is the seat of Hope College and the Western Theological Seminary, both institutions of the American Re- formed Church, and has steamship con- nections with Chicago and other lake ports. It has manufactures of furni- ture, leather, pianos, laundry baskets, etc., daily and weekly newspapers, elec- tric lights and State banks. Pop. (1910) 10,490; (1920) 12,183. | WIKI |
Rafael Ginard i Sabater
Rafael Ginard i Sabater, alias Romà, was a skipper in Port d'Alcúdia (Mallorca) in the 19th century. In 1847 he took part in the rescue of the Flora, a schooner that was shipwrecked near Barcelona and then dragged by the current to the bay of Alcúdia. Rafael Ginard's determination saved the sailors and the captain aboard the Flora. In grateful recognition of his service, King Oscar I of Sweden awarded Rafael Ginard with the Illis Quorum medal. | WIKI |
User:Triddle/stubsensor/20070206/6
'''This section is completely finished! Thanks!'''
Link back to Parent Stub Sensor | WIKI |
How Transformer Tap Changer actually control the voltage??
0
216
How Transformer Tap Changer actually control the voltage??
The on-load transformer tap-changer has to provide uninterrupted current flow during the transition operation from one tap to the other. The current flow must be maintained uninterrupted without partial short-circuiting of the tapped winding. The operation of an on-load tap-changer can be understood by two identifiable functions.
It implies a switching device that transfers the throughput power from one tap of the transformer to an adjacent one. During this operation the two taps will be connected through fitted transition impedance. In this phase the two taps will share the load current.
Thereafter the connection to the former tap will be interrupted and the load has been transferred to the new tap. The device that performs this switching is called diverter switch.
The connections to the two taps that involve the diverter switch are maybe transferred one position along the series of physical taps of the regulating winding for each operation. This is the tap selector function. The tap selection is conducted without any current rupture.
Transformer Taps are generally provided on HV winding, as it is easier to work with low current compare to LV winding. Transformer tap position control the secondary side output voltage.
Tap changer operation:
V2/V1 = N2/N1
V2 = (N2/N1)*V1
Since, V1 and N2 are constant, V2 can be regulated by change in N1.
It means that, If LV Voltage is increased, to decrease the same, Tap Position should be lowered and vice-versa. Lowering the primary side taps will increase secondary voltage and raising the primary taps will lower the secondary voltage.
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Shima (surname)
Shima (written: 嶋 or 島 lit. "island", 志麻 or 志摩) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Akira Shima (島 朗), Japanese shogi player
* Brian Shima (born 1981), American inline skater
* Daisuke Shima (嶋 大輔), Japanese actor
* George Shima (1864–1926), American businessman
* Hideo Shima (島 秀雄), Japanese engineer
* Hiroo Shima (嶋 宏大), Japanese ski jumper
* Hiroshi Shima (島 比呂志), pen name of Kaoru Kishiue, Japanese writer
* Izumi Shima (志麻 いづみ), Japanese actress
* Shima Kakoku (島 霞谷), Japanese photographer and artist
* Kiyohide Shima (志摩 清英), Imperial Japanese Navy admiral
* Koichiro Shima (嶋 浩一郎), Japanese creative director
* Koji Shima (島 耕二), Japanese film director, actor and screenwriter
* Masatoshi Shima (嶋 正利), Japanese electrical engineer
* Motohiro Shima (嶋 基宏), Japanese baseball player
* Ryōka Shima (島 涼香), Japanese voice actress
* Shima Ryū (島 隆), Japanese artist and photographer
* Shima Sakon (島 左近), Japanese samurai
* Shima Seien (島 成園), Japanese painter
* Seiichi Shima (嶋清 誠一), Japanese baseball player and soldier
* Shigenobu Shima (嶋 重宣), Japanese baseball player
* Shunsuke Shima (嶋 俊介), Japanese actor and voice actor
* Takumi Shima (島 卓視), Japanese footballer
* Shima Yoshitake (島 義勇), Japanese samurai
* Yuriko Shima (島 由理子), Japanese women's footballer
Other people
* Eugen Shima (born 1992), Albanian footballer
* Gerti Shima (born 1986), Albanian basketball player
Fictional characters
* Rear Admiral Shima (志摩), a character in the anime series Sky Girls
* Noboru Shima, the human guise of the Tarantula Undead in Kamen Rider Blade
* Shima Rin (志摩 リン), a main character in the anime series Yuru Camp | WIKI |
Page:Medical jurisprudence (IA medicaljurisprud03pari).pdf/412
under his hands nine weeks, that in a month's time after the leg was set, he found the leg was healing and in a good way; the callous was formed, there was a little protuberance, but not more than usual; upon cross examination he said he was instructed in surgery by his father, that the callous was the uniting the bones, and that it was very dangerous to break or disunite the callous after it was formed.
John Latham an apothecary swore he attended the plaintiff nine weeks, who was then well enough to go home, that the bones were well united, that he was present with the plaintiff and defendants, and at first the defendants said the plaintiff had fallen into good hands; the second time he saw them all together the defendants said the same, but when he saw them together a third time there was some alteration, he said the plaintiff was then in a passion, and was unwilling to let the defendants do any thing to his leg; he said he had known such a thing done as disuniting the callous, but that had been only when a leg was set very crooked; but not where it was straight.
A woman called as a witness, swore that when the plaintiff came home he could walk with crutches, that the defendant Baker put on to the plaintiff's leg an heavy steel thing that had teeth, and would stretch or lengthen the leg, that the defendants broke the leg again, and three or four months afterwards the plaintiff was still very ill and bad of it.
The daughter of the plaintiff swore, that the defendant Stapleton was first sent for to take off the bandage from the plaintiff's leg; when he came he declined to do it himself, and desired the other defendant Baker might be called in to assist; when Baker came he sent for the machine that was mentioned; plaintiff offered to give Baker a guinea, but Stapleton advised him not to take it then, but said they might be paid all together when the business was done; that the third time the defendants came to the plaintiff. Baker took up the plaintiff's foot in both his hands and nodded to Stapleton, and then Stapleton took the plaintiff's leg upon his knee, and the leg gave a crack when the | WIKI |
Talk:Bias in the introduction of variation
Anyone can add feedback here. You can start a new section if you want to say something extensive on a particular topic.
Feedback
Suggestions, corrections, links to related issues, etc. Some prompts to consider: Dabs (talk) 01:29, 4 January 2023 (UTC)
* What figures or concrete examples would improve the article? (figures must be licensed for re-use with no restrictions)
* What is most important to say first? How could the flow or organization be improved?
* What current or planned features are (or would be) extraneous? Does any of this material belong on a different wikipedia page?
* How well does this work as an introduction to the topic for newbies? How suitable is it for advanced students?
* How could the tone or approach be improved to fit Wikipedia style (no original research, neutral point of view, reliable sources for everything)?
Some notes
* (done) standard practice per wikipedia naming guidelines is to choose one name for the theory and use redirects for the other names. I think this applies to "arrival bias" as an alternative name.
* Does this need to address Andreas Wagner's book "Arrival of the Fittest"? If only via disambiguation?
* Does this need to address Svensson and Berger (2019) or Svensson (2022)?
* So far this is addressed as misinterpretation rather than actual criticism, e.g., the section on "Facilitated variation" rejects the strawman theory of mut bias as an independent force of adaptation.
* this says that the case has not been made in regard to classic phenotypic features (visible morphology and behavior of charismatic megafauna) but is missing any references to relevant empirical work, e.g., the work of Felix, Braendle, et al. on worms. Admittedly this is a small body of work and it is not entirely clear how closely it supports the theory as opposed to some other theory
* the empirical case does not refer to the mutational target size work from Bailey, et al 2017 and 2018 that found significant effects of mutation on parallelism | WIKI |
Providing your own HttpClient and proxy using MSAL.NET
When initializing a client application, you can use the .WithHttpClientFactory method to provide your own HttpClient. Providing your own HttpClient enables advanced scenarios such fine-grained control of an HTTP proxy, customizing user agent headers, or forcing MSAL to use a specific HttpClient (for example in ASP.NET Core web apps/APIs).
HttpClient is intended to be instantiated once and then reused throughout the life of an application. See Remarks.
Initialize with HttpClientFactory
The following example shows to create an HttpClientFactory and then initialize a public client application with it:
IMsalHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory = new MyHttpClientFactory();
var pca = PublicClientApplicationBuilder.Create(MsalTestConstants.ClientId)
.WithHttpClientFactory(httpClientFactory)
.Build();
Example implementation using a proxy
public class HttpFactoryWithProxy : IMsalHttpClientFactory
{
private static HttpClient _httpClient;
public HttpFactoryWithProxy()
{
// Consider using Lazy<T>
if (_httpClient == null)
{
var proxy = new WebProxy
{
Address = new Uri($"http://{proxyHost}:{proxyPort}"),
BypassProxyOnLocal = false,
UseDefaultCredentials = false,
Credentials = new NetworkCredential(
userName: proxyUserName,
password: proxyPassword)
};
// Now create a client handler which uses that proxy
var httpClientHandler = new HttpClientHandler
{
Proxy = proxy,
};
_httpClient = new HttpClient(handler: httpClientHandler);
}
}
public HttpClient GetHttpClient()
{
return _httpClient;
}
}
HttpClient and Xamarin iOS
When using Xamarin iOS, it is recommended to create an HttpClient that explicitly uses the NSURLSession-based handler for iOS 7 and newer. MSAL.NET automatically creates an HttpClient that uses NSURLSessionHandler for iOS 7 and newer. For more information, read the Xamarin iOS documentation for HttpClient. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Classical Heritage of the Middle Ages.djvu/212
194 THE CLASSICAL HERITAGE [chap. diet is reflected in his regula; as Gregory says, Cujus si quis velit subtilius niores vitamque cognoscere, potest in eadem instltutione regulae omnes magisterii illius actus invenire : quia sanctus vir nullo modo potuit aliter docere quam vixit} The regula not only reflects the character of Benedict generally, but contains touches revealing distinctly the soul of him who set it. Thus the refer- ence to the rule as this minimam regulam inchoationis^^ tells the utter humility of Benedict and the ideality of his endeavor for a life of holiness. His regula is but a slight beginning ; for what more could he, poor workman, set ? it is also but a beginning, as the saintly soul sees all his acts small and poor in the light of the perfection for which he yearns. Likewise the char- acterization of the proper abbot mirrors Benedict, his lovingness and his sufiicient strictness when needed : oderit vitia, diligat fratres. . . studeat plus amari quam timeri} Gregory's words, quoted above, disclose the aspects of Benedict which impressed Gregory's generation, and the centuries following : " He who would gain minuter knowledge of Benedict's life, may, in the institution of the regula, find all the acts of that master;^ for the holy man could in no wise teach other than as he lived." These are the two aspects of the same Bene- dict, the master, the abbot, the wise and temperate 1 Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi, II, 36. 2 Reg. Benedicti, Cap. 73, — one of the chapters possibly not writ- ten by Benedict, yet reflecting his spirit. 8 Reg., Cap. 64. means ofl&ce, not magistrate. But here I think the sense is ar- rived at by translating " master."
* I have thus translated illius magisterii. Magisterium properly | WIKI |
Windows 8 Tutorial: How To Change Logon Screen Color In Windows 8
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This is a Windows 8 tutorial, that explains How to change the Logon Screen Color in Windows 8 without using any third-party apps. With the release of Windows 8.1, Microsoft gave a hell lot of options to customize your Windows 8 and 8.1 OS. A few customizations are: changing Start Screen color, Enabling-disabling live tiles, pinning apps, changing-maintaining-rearranging app’s tiles at start screen, settings for time, creating Picture password or Pin password etc. The list just goes on, and to add more to the customization, there are multiple third-party apps in Windows Store to customize your Windows 8. However, a very little focus is given to the Logon Screen in Windows 8 and 8.1.
One shouldn’t forget the Logon Screen in Windows 8 and 8.1. In fact, it is the first screen you’ll be with when you switch on your Windows 8 devices. However, there is no direct and straightforward way for customizing Logon Screen. And that’s what was lacking in Windows 8 and also in 8.1. And for some Windows 8 users (counting me), they do want customize the Logon Screen. Though, there’s still no way to set a photo as Logon Screen background, still there’s a way to change Logon Screen Color In Windows 8 to whichever color you desire, and that applies to 8.1 as well. At least you can personalize your Windows a little.
Change Logon Screen Color - logon screen
So, this is simple Windows 8 tutorial that tells you “How to change Logon Screen Color In Windows 8 without using any third-party apps”. The steps are pretty easy to follow. However, it’ll be a good idea to create a Windows Restore point, to revert back to the original state, if in case something goes wrong (because the tutorial involves editing Registry keys).
Here’s how to change Logon Screen color in Windows 8:
1. Press Win + R to open the Run dialog box, and then type “regedit”. This opens the Windows Registry Editor.
Change Logon Screen Color - running registry key explorer
2. In Windows Registry Editor navigate to following key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer
Change Logon Screen Color - locating Accent Key
3. Now, we have to work with a registry key named Accent. There are two possibilities now:
• If the registry key Accent is already present under the Explorer key, then jump directly to step number 4, or else
• If the Accent registry key is not present under Explorer key, then right-click on the Explorer Key on the left part of Registry Editor, and add a new key named “Accent”.
• Open this Accent key, by selecting it from the list of keys in the left part of Registry Editor. And add a new DWORD (32-bit) Value.
Change Logon Screen Color - creating new DWORD value
• Then name it “DefaultColorSet”.
4. Once you have the DefaultColorSet DWORD (32-bit) Value selected on right part of Registry Editor, simply right-click on it and select Modify.
Change Logon Screen Color - modifying DefaultColorSet
5. Then enter any value from 2 to 24 in the Value data text field. This number basically represents the color that you want to set. However, I have not been able to figure out which color corresponds to which color; so you’ll have to just try it out. Then choose Decimal from two radio buttons and click OK.
Change Logon Screen Color - giving logon screen color
That’s pretty much it. Now the only thing that you have to do is restart the explorer again. You can either reboot the whole system or just log out by using Start Screen and Login again. You’ll have your Logon Screen color changed!
Conclusion:
That was all about this Windows 8 tutorial, explaining you How to change Logon Screen Color in Windows 8. Don’t wait for an app to change the Logon Color, just follow the steps of this tutorial, and get your Logon Screen customized with your favorite color.
You might also want to check out these Windows 8 tutorials that we have covered:
How to remove Multiple Windows 8 Apps at one go.
How to add Slide To Shutdown Effect in Windows 8.
How to change Display language in Windows 8.
How to boot directly to Desktop in Windows 8
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Works With: Windows 8, Windows 8.1
Free/Paid: Free
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Title: FZ-GPU: A Fast and High-Ratio Lossy Compressor for Scientific Computing Applications on GPUs
Today’s large-scale scientific applications running on high-performance computing (HPC) systems generate vast data volumes. Thus, data compression is becoming a critical technique to mitigate the storage burden and data-movement cost. However, existing lossy compressors for scientific data cannot achieve a high compression ratio and throughput simultaneously, hindering their adoption in many applications requiring fast compression, such as in-memory compression. To this end, in this work, we develop a fast and high-ratio error-bounded lossy compressor on GPUs for scientific data (called FZ-GPU). Specifically, we first design a new compression pipeline that consists of fully parallelized quantization, bitshuffle, and our newly designed fast encoding. Then, we propose a series of deep architectural optimizations for each kernel in the pipeline to take full advantage of CUDA architectures. We propose a warp-level optimization to avoid data conflicts for bit-wise operations in bitshuffle, maximize shared memory utilization, and eliminate unnecessary data movements by fusing different compression kernels. Finally, we evaluate FZ-GPU on two NVIDIA GPUs (i.e., A100 and RTX A4000) using six representative scientific datasets from SDRBench. Results on the A100 GPU show that FZ-GPU achieves an average speedup of 4.2× over cuSZ and an average speedup of 37.0× over a multi-threaded CPU implementation of our algorithm under the same error bound. FZ-GPU also achieves an average speedup of 2.3× and an average compression ratio improvement of 2.0× over cuZFP under the same data distortion. more » « less
Award ID(s):
2312673 2232120 2303820 2034169 2303064 2042084 2247080 2104024
NSF-PAR ID:
10408699
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
ACM
Date Published:
Journal Name:
The 32nd ACM International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing (HPDC 2023)
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
1. Error-bounded lossy compression is a state-of-the-art data reduction technique for HPC applications because it not only significantly reduces storage overhead but also can retain high fidelity for postanalysis. Because supercomputers and HPC applications are becoming heterogeneous using accelerator-based architectures, in particular GPUs, several development teams have recently released GPU versions of their lossy compressors. However, existing state-of-the-art GPU-based lossy compressors suffer from either low compression and decompression throughput or low compression quality. In this paper, we present an optimized GPU version, cuSZ, for one of the best error-bounded lossy compressors-SZ. To the best of our knowledge, cuSZ is the first error-bounded lossy compressor on GPUs for scientific data. Our contributions are fourfold. (1) We propose a dual-quantization scheme to entirely remove the data dependency in the prediction step of SZ such that this step can be performed very efficiently on GPUs. (2) We develop an efficient customized Huffman coding for the SZ compressor on GPUs. (3) We implement cuSZ using CUDA and optimize its performance by improving the utilization of GPU memory bandwidth. (4) We evaluate our cuSZ on five real-world HPC application datasets from the Scientific Data Reduction Benchmarks and compare it with other state-of-the-art methods on both CPUs and GPUs. Experiments show that our cuSZ improves SZ's compression throughput by up to 370.1x and 13.1x, respectively, over the production version running on single and multiple CPU cores, respectively, while getting the same quality of reconstructed data. It also improves the compression ratio by up to 3.48x on the tested data compared with another state-of-the-art GPU supported lossy compressor.
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2. null (Ed.)
Error-bounded lossy compression is a state-of-the-art data reduction technique for HPC applications because it not only significantly reduces storage overhead but also can retain high fidelity for postanalysis. Because supercomputers and HPC applications are becoming heterogeneous using accelerator-based architectures, in particular GPUs, several development teams have recently released GPU versions of their lossy compressors. However, existing state-of-the-art GPU-based lossy compressors suffer from either low compression and decompression throughput or low compression quality. In this paper, we present an optimized GPU version, cuSZ, for one of the best error-bounded lossy compressors-SZ. To the best of our knowledge, cuSZ is the first error-bounded lossy compressor on GPUs for scientific data. Our contributions are fourfold. (1) We propose a dual-quantization scheme to entirely remove the data dependency in the prediction step of SZ such that this step can be performed very efficiently on GPUs. (2) We develop an efficient customized Huffman coding for the SZ compressor on GPUs. (3) We implement cuSZ using CUDA and optimize its performance by improving the utilization of GPU memory bandwidth. (4) We evaluate our cuSZ on five real-world HPC application datasets from the Scientific Data Reduction Benchmarks and compare it with other state-of-the-art methods on both CPUs and GPUs. Experiments show that our cuSZ improves SZ's compression throughput by up to 370.1x and 13.1x, respectively, over the production version running on single and multiple CPU cores, respectively, while getting the same quality of
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3. More and more HPC applications require fast and effective compression techniques to handle large volumes of data in storage and transmission. Not only do these applications need to compress the data effectively during simulation, but they also need to perform decompression efficiently for post hoc analysis. SZ is an error-bounded lossy compressor for scientific data, and cuSZ is a version of SZ designed to take advantage of the GPU's power. At present, cuSZ's compression performance has been optimized significantly while its decompression still suffers considerably lower performance because of its sophisticated lossless compression step---a customized Huffman decoding. In this work, we aim to significantly improve the Huffman decoding performance for cuSZ, thus improving the overall decompression performance in turn. To this end, we first investigate two state-of-the-art GPU Huffman decoders in depth. Then, we propose a deep architectural optimization for both algorithms. Specifically, we take full advantage of CUDA GPU architectures by using shared memory on decoding/writing phases, online tuning the amount of shared memory to use, improving memory access patterns, and reducing warp divergence. Finally, we evaluate our optimized decoders on an Nvidia V100 GPU using eight representative scientific datasets. Our new decoding solution obtains an average speedup of 3.64X over cuSZ's Huffman decoder and improves its overall decompression performance by 2.43X on average.
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4. Today’s scientific high-performance computing applications and advanced instruments are producing vast volumes of data across a wide range of domains, which impose a serious burden on data transfer and storage. Error-bounded lossy compression has been developed and widely used in the scientific community because it not only can significantly reduce the data volumes but also can strictly control the data distortion based on the user-specified error bound. Existing lossy compressors, however, cannot offer ultrafast compression speed, which is highly demanded by numerous applications or use cases (such as in-memory compression and online instrument data compression). In this paper we propose a novel ultrafast error-bounded lossy compressor that can obtain fairly high compression performance on both CPUs and GPUs and with reasonably high compression ratios. The key contributions are threefold. (1) We propose a generic error-bounded lossy compression framework—called SZx—that achieves ultrafast performance through its novel design comprising only lightweight operations such as bitwise and addition/subtraction operations, while still keeping a high compression ratio. (2) We implement SZx on both CPUs and GPUs and optimize the performance according to their architectures. (3) We perform a comprehensive evaluation with six real-world production-level scientific datasets on both CPUs and GPUs. Experiments show that SZx is 2∼16× faster than the second-fastest existing error-bounded lossy compressor (either SZ or ZFP) on CPUs and GPUs, with respect to both compression and decompression.
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5. Error-bounded lossy compression is one of the most effective techniques for reducing scientific data sizes. However, the traditional trial-and-error approach used to configure lossy compressors for finding the optimal trade-off between reconstructed data quality and compression ratio is prohibitively expensive. To resolve this issue, we develop a general-purpose analytical ratio-quality model based on the prediction-based lossy compression framework, which can effectively foresee the reduced data quality and compression ratio, as well as the impact of lossy compressed data on post-hoc analysis quality. Our analytical model significantly improves the prediction-based lossy compression in three use-cases: (1) optimization of predictor by selecting the best-fit predictor; (2) memory compression with a target ratio; and (3) in-situ compression optimization by fine-grained tuning error-bounds for various data partitions. We evaluate our analytical model on 10 scientific datasets, demonstrating its high accuracy (93.47% accuracy on average) and low computational cost (up to 18.7× lower than the trial-and-error approach) for estimating the compression ratio and the impact of lossy compression on post-hoc analysis quality. We also verify the high efficiency of our ratio-quality model using different applications across the three use-cases. In addition, our experiment demonstrates that our modeling-based approach reduces the time to store the 3D RTM data with HDF5 by up to 3.4× with 128 CPU cores over the traditional solution.
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Punk Rock Guilt
Punk Rock Guilt is the eighth solo album by stoner rock musician Brant Bjork. The album was released on May 13, 2008, after having initially been recorded and shelved in 2005 under the title The New Jersey Sessions.
Credits
* Produced by Dave Raphael
* Recorded and mixed December 2005 by Dave Raphael at Glide On Fade Studios, New Jersey
* Mastered by Dave Collins Los Angeles, California | WIKI |
Kais
Kais or KAIS may refer to:
Places
* Kais, Khenchela, a town in Algeria
* Kaïs District
* Kai Islands, an island group in Indonesia
People
* Angela Kais (born 1980), Malaysian former footballer
* Kaarel Kais (born 1974), Estonian volleyball player
* Kristjan Kais (born 1976), Estonian beach volleyball player
* Kais Nashef (born 1978), Palestinian and German actor
* Kais Saied (born 1958), president of Tunisia
* Kais Yâakoubi (born 1966), Tunisian former footballer
Other uses
* Kais language
* KAIS International School
* KYKL (FM), a radio station (90.7 FM) licensed to serve Tracy, California, United States, which held the call sign KAIS from 2010 to 2016
* KAKI (FM), a radio station (88.1 FM) licensed to serve Juneau, Alaska, United States, which held the call sign KAIS from 2008 to 2010 | WIKI |
search_and_destroy_drohnenkrieg_3.0
import math
import random
import time
def splitList(ls):
n = len(ls)
Quicksort LNJ
#!/usr/bin/env python2
def splitList(ls):
n = len(ls)
comp = ls[n / 2]
l = 0
qmlplugindump strace
execve("/usr/bin/qmlplugindump", ["qmlplugindump"], 0x7ffed0810860 /* 37 vars */) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x563bc8b35000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/app/lib/tls/haswell/x86_64/libQt5Quick.so.5", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/app/lib/tls/haswell/x86_64", 0x7ffce769d250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/app/lib/tls/haswell/libQt5Quick.so.5", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
Librem5 devkit kwin_wayland
OpenGL vendor string: etnaviv
OpenGL renderer string: Vivante GC7000 rev 6214
OpenGL version string: 2.1 Mesa 18.3.2
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.20
Driver: Unknown
GPU class: Unknown
merge sort
#/usr/bin/env python[2,3]
import math
def merge(left, right):
y = []
QSqlDatabase
for (int id = 0; id < 100; ++id) {
auto t = new QThread;
connect(t, &QThread::started, this, [=] {
QSqlDatabase db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase(QStringLiteral("QMYSQL"), QString::number(id));
db.open();
});
KDE Plasma - KpartView
/*
* Copyright 2007-2008 Aaron Seigo <aseigo@kde.org>
* Copyright 2010 Ryan Rix <ry@n.rix.si>
* Copyright 2010 Siddharth Sharma <siddharth.kde@gmail.com>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
rocket_launch.rs
// main.rs
extern crate rocket;
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct Message {
Test
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << "hello\n";
return 0;
}
Paste #k21g4ziCQ
pow:
push ebp
mov ebp,esp
sub esp,0x10
mov eax,DWORD PTR [ebp+0x8]
mov DWORD PTR [ebp-0x4],eax | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Vasić
Vasić (Васић) is a Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian surname, a patronymic derived from Vasa and Vaso (diminutives of Vasilije and Vasoje).
Geographical distribution
As of 2014, 77.3% of all known bearers of the surname Vasić were residents of Serbia (frequency 1:285), 14.9% of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1:731), 5.1% of Kosovo (1:1,122) and 1.4% of Croatia (1:9,418).
In Serbia, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:285) in the following districts:
* 1. Mačva District (1:79)
* 2. Pomoravlje District (1:121)
* 3. Rasina District (1:143)
* 4. Braničevo District (1:153)
* 5. Podunavlje District (1:160)
* 6. Kolubara District (1:188)
* 7. Nišava District (1:265)
* 8. Belgrade (1:270)
* 9. Toplica District (1:284)
People
* Aleksandar Vasić (basketball) (born 1987), Serbian basketball player
* Aleksandar Vasić (politician), deputy chairman of the State Broadcasting Agency Council in the Republic of Serbia
* Bane Vasic, American engineer
* Dejan Vasić (born 1980), Serbian footballer
* Đurađ Vasić (born 1956), Serbian footballer and manager
* Jovan Vasić (born 1987), Serbian footballer
* Kara-Marko Vasić (fl. 1804–15), Serbian Revolutionary
* Milan Vasić (1928–2003), Serbian historian
* Miloš Vasić (born 1991), Serbian rower
* Nenad Vasić (born 1979), Serbian footballer
* Nikola Vasić (born 1984), Serbian basketball player
* Radojica Vasić (born 1976), Serbian footballer
* Sonja Vasić (born 1989), Serbian basketball player | WIKI |
I have seen lots of articles purporting to explain how to move an iTunes library from one PC to another or one hard drive to another. Unfortunately, many of them did not work for me, or they only transferred the music (no playlists).
Some people also claim that you cannot change the default location for all of the iTunes database files. That is not true. Here is a simple method for a PC to PC transfer.
1. On the source machine, launch iTunes, click Edit>Preferences>Advanced.
2. Make sure that "Keep iTunes Music folder organized" and "Copy files to iTunes Music folder when adding to library" are checked. Otherwise you may leave some things behind.
3. Click OK and then Quit iTunes.
4. The default location for all of the iTunes files on Windoze is C:\Documents and Settings\username\My Documents\My Music\iTunes. Copy the entire folder to some transfer medium.
5. On the target machine, which can be the same machine, but a different folder or partition, copy the iTunes folder and all contents from the transfer medium to the destination.
6. Now comes the magic ... Launch iTunes on the target machine while holding down the SHIFT key.
7. A dialog appears allowing you to target the new library location. Click on "Choose Library" and navigate to the new location.
This will transfer all of your playlists, podcast subscriptions, ratings, etc.
Page last modified by NeilHerber, October 13, 2008, at 05:09 AM | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Just Dance 2024 Edition
Just Dance 2024 Edition is a 2023 dance rhythm game developed and published by Ubisoft. It was unveiled on June 12, 2023 during the Ubisoft Forward June 2023 presentation as the fifteenth installment in the series and the second annual song pack after its predecessor Just Dance 2023 Edition. The game was released on October 24, 2023 for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 5, and Xbox Series X/S.
Gameplay
As with the previous installments of the franchise, players must mimic the on-screen coach’s choreography to a chosen song using the game's associated smartphone app (Nintendo Switch players have the option to use the console's Joy-Con controllers). 2024 Edition retains all of the features from 2023 Edition, but introduces new features within the Just Dance hub, such as "Song Sharing", which allows players from any Edition to share songs with each other. All owners of any Edition have access to all Just Dance+ songs and updates. Camera tracking returns to the series as a feature in the game's smartphone app that utilizes the front-facing camera, first launched as a beta for iOS in December 2023 and Android in June 2024, and supporting a limited number of songs from 2023 and 2024 Edition in single player mode. Custom playlists returned on June 18, 2024, the same day that Season 3: Lights Out was released.
Story mode
A follow-up to the "Enter the Danceverses" story playlist in 2023 Edition, titled "Dance with the Swan", is part of the game.
Following her defeat in the previous story, Night Swan begins her revenge plot. She steals Wanderlust's anthropomorphic disco ball, then uses it to kidnap Sara from the real world and corrupt her using her magic. She also uses the ball to attack Brezziana and Mihaly within their own worlds, and attempts to persuade her son, Jack Rose, back into her side by showing him a vision in which he rules over their world. Wanderlust, Brezziana, and Mihaly travel to Night Swan's world to rescue Sara, but all of them become corrupted and are taken into Night Swan's ship as her servants. Despite this, Mihaly is able to send a distress signal to Jack, who fails to reach the ship in time before it departs regardless.
Soundtrack
The following songs appear on Just Dance 2024 Edition:
Just Dance+
Just Dance+ continues to be offered on 2024 Edition, offering recently ported songs from previous Just Dance games, as well as songs exclusive to the service.
Songs exclusive to the service include: | WIKI |
Subsets and Splits
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