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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 76.djvu/861
76 STAT.]
PUBLIC LAW 87-792-OCT. 10, 1962
reinvestments, disposals, and exchanges). This paragraph shall not apply to a trust created or organized outside the United States before the date of the enactment of this subsection if, under section 402(c), it is treated as exempt from tax under section 501(a) on the day before such date; or, to the extent provided under regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate, to a trust which uses annuity, endowment, or life insurance contracts of a life insurance company exclusively to fund the benefits prescribed by the trust, if the life insurance company supplies annually such information about trust transactions affecting owner-employees as the Secretary or his delegate shall by forms or regulations prescribe. For purposes of this paragraph, the term 'bank' means a bank as defined in section 581, a corporation which under the laws of the State of its incorporation is subject to supervision and examination by the commissioner of banking or other officer of such State in charge of the administration of the banking laws of such State, and, in the case of a trust created or organized outside the United States, a bank or trust company, wherever incorporated, exercising fiduciary powers and subject to supervision and examination by governmental authority. "(2) Under the plan— " (A) the employees' rights to or derived from the contributions under the plan are nonforfeitable at the time the contributions are paid to or under the plan; and " (B) in the case of a profit-sharing plan, there is a definite formula for determining the contributions to be made by the employer on behalf of employees (other than owner-employees). Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to contributions which, under provisions of the plan adopted pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate to preclude the discrimmation prohibited by subsection (a)(4), may not be used to provide benefits for designated employees in the event of early termination of the plan. " (3) The plan benefits each employee having a period of employment of 3 years or more. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term 'employee' does not include any employee whose customary employment is for not more than 20 hours in any one week or is for not more than 5 months in any calendar year. "(4) LTnder the plan— " (A) contributions or benefits are not provided for any owner-employee unless such owner-employee has consented to being included under the plan; and " (B) no benefits may be paid to any owner-employee, except in the case of his becoming disabled (within the meaning of section 213(g)(3)), prior to his attaining the age of 591/2 years. "(5) The plan does not permit— " (A) contributions to be made by the employer on behalf of any owner-employee in excess of the amounts which may be
813
26 USC 402.
26 USC 581.
26 USC 401.
72 Stat. leu. 26 USC 213.
� | WIKI |
Jurisdiction of the Armed Forces and Chaplaincy
The Jurisdiction of the Armed Forces and Chaplaincy (JAFC) is a jurisdiction that provides canonical residence for all chaplains requiring professional ecclesiastical endorsement for the Anglican Church in North America, for the Church of Nigeria North American Mission and other Anglican groups. With more than 300 chaplains as of 2024, 187 of them serving as active-duty military chaplains, the JAFC is the principal endorser of Anglican military chaplains in the United States.
History
The JAFC was created in 2007 as the Deanery of the Chaplaincy as part of the Convocation of Anglicans in North America of the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion), later becoming the Diocese of the Armed Forces and Chaplaincy of the Church of Nigeria in September 2011. When provisions for a "Special Jurisdiction" in the ACNA canons was created in June 2014, the Diocese of the Armed Forces and Chaplaincy, renamed the Jurisdiction of the Armed Forces and Chaplaincy (JAFC) in 2013, and by a protocol agreement between the Church of Nigeria and the ACNA, became the entity fulfilling the canonical role of the "Special" Jurisdiction for the ACNA, but remains a diocese of the Church of Nigeria. Just as other cooperative diocesan entities of the ACNA, the JAFC remains its own ministry corporately formed in the State of Alabama and is a 501(c)(3) organization. The founding bishop and first bishop of the JAFC is Derek Jones, affirmed unanimously at the Chaplains' first Convocation held in Orlando, FL in 2007. He remains a bishop of the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion) and the ACNA.
Purpose
The JAFC, as the Special Jurisdiction for the ACNA, supports the endorsement and care of chaplains serving in the United States Armed Forces, with federal and local governments, hospitals, law enforcement and other professional chaplaincies requiring formal ecclesiastical endorsement. There are currently 39 chaplain-led parishes in the United States and abroad (Guatemala, United Kingdom, Germany and Japan). The JAFC is also partnered with other ministries to help with their mission.
Leadership
The JAFC elected on 11 January 2018 two new suffragan bishops, Michael Williams and Mark Nordstrom. Bishop Nordstrom had been Vicar General of the Diocese since the previous year. Bishop Williams served as the Archdeacon of the JAFC prior to his consecration. The new bishops' consecration took place on 12 April 2018, at St. Peter's Anglican Church, in Mountain Brook, Alabama. | WIKI |
Tessema Eshete
Tessema Eshete (27 July 1876 to 13 October 1964) was born in Minjar, Ethiopia, to Amhara parents, his mother Woleteyes Habtu and his father Eshete Gube.
In the year 1908, Tessema was selected by Emperor Menelik and sent to Germany with German concessionaire Arnold Holtz to be trained as the first Ethiopian Automobile driver/auto mechanic. This was to be a life-changing mission for him. He accomplished his training, and also recorded Ethiopia's first music/songs on 17 double sided shellack disks. A not so wealthy young man when he departed, Eshete became one of the richest Ethiopians on his return to the country. He was paid 17,000 Gold Marks by Beka Rekords Berlin, and also earned continuous income from the sale of his disks which were reproduced by HMV Germany in 1912, Odeon Germany in 1931 and Odeon Milan during the brief Italian occupation of Ethiopia 1935-1941.
Tessema was a jack of all trades. He was a poet, a wit, a painter, a sculptor, political appointee, explorer, developer and an accomplished photographer.
His son Ato Yidnekachew Tessema (1921-1987) became "the father of sport in Africa" and wrote a biography of his father.
Music legacy
The music disks Tessema recorded in Germany are now over a century old. They are certainly the oldest for Africa. The Goethe Institute, Addis Ababa, launched the release of the restored version of Eshete's recordings on 20 September 2010. A selection of Tessema 's historic recordings have been reissued for their centennial.
Discography
* Azmari Tessema Eshete. Ethiopiques 27: Centennial of the First Ethiopian. Buda Records, 2011. | WIKI |
Assessment of electrocardiographic parameters in healthy dogs undergoing dobutamine stress testing
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2005-12-01
Orientador
Coorientador
Pós-graduação
Curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Verlag Hans Huber
Tipo
Artigo
Direito de acesso
Acesso restrito
Resumo
The electrocardiographic effects of dobutamine stress testing (10 to 40 mu g/kg/minute) were investigated in five conscious healthy dogs. We studied the changes in the duration and amplitude of P wave, PR interval, duration of QRS complex, R wave amplitude, QT interval, and heart rate. Development of arrhythmias and ST segment abnormalities were also recorded. It was observed that dobutamine significantly affects atrioventricular-nodal conduction and total electrical systole time at higher infusion rates. Only a single episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia was observed, which was promptly restored to sinus rhythm shortly after dobutamine infusion was discontinued. No ST segment abnormalities were detected. Dobutamine stress testing was concluded to play a role in some ECG parameters at higher infusion rates.
Descrição
Idioma
Inglês
Como citar
Schweizer Archiv Fur Tierheilkunde. Bern 9: Verlag Hans Huber, v. 147, n. 12, p. 541-545, 2005.
Financiadores | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Learning The Secrets About Doctors
The Various Benefits of Consulting a Chiropractor
The body is a very complex structure that is made up of very many cells which have different functions that ensure the body performs it normal activities without any issue but there are some very delicate parts that can cause serious problems to the body if they get injured for example the spinal cord which could lead to inability to walk if it gets damaged. There are a number of people who have suffered unfortunate accidents which to some point damaged their spinal cord which controls general movement in the body and any damage caused to the spinal cord is usually very painful and such people require a special type of care to ease the pain.
While there are some remedial decisions offered in hospitals for people with such issues, various people prefer going for chiropractic which is a kind of alternative medicine that is administered by a chiropractor as a number of people find chiropractic way more effective than the solutions offered at most hospitals. A chiropractor usually adjusts the spine of their patients suffering from spinal and neck issues manually as they believe it alleviates the pain caused by damage to the spinal cord therefore if you are suffering from any musculoskeletal issues and you feel the medicine prescribed to you by your doctor is not working, you should consider seeing a chiropractor.
There are a decent number of chiropractors who manage musculoskeletal disorders and in the event that you are experiencing such a disorder and might want to use their expert administrations, there are various critical components that you should consider when you are picking one to ensure that he or she is the best. There are various forums that can help you locate a reliable chiropractor for example Active Health and before you undergo any procedure to try and correct your musculoskeletal disorder, it is vital that you visit your doctor so that he or she can advise you accordingly on the benefits and possible risks of the procedure.
One other important factor that you ought to take into account when you are looking for a chiropractor is his or her legitimacy mostly because chiropractic is a very sensitive procedure that can cause very serious health complications or even death when it is done the wrong way therefore always ensure the chiropractor who will treat you is a professional. It is in like manner imperative to contact a good number of patients of the chiropractor you want to visit to check whether or not the approach was helpful to them and if you find that an extensive part of the past patients have only positive overviews of the chiropractor, you can continue with the procedure.
Why not learn more about Chiropractics?
Practical and Helpful Tips: Wellness
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Alex Duncan
Water Rocket
1. Defining problem :
The problem was to get a rocket to last in the air as long as possible.
2. Brainstorming
the rockets are in order
Apollo1
DooDoo
HamRocket
These were the base for my three original designs. Apollo was the most successful rocket i had followed with Ham Rocket then Doo Doo. Doo Doo was my first design and not a good one. From there i made large improvements.
3. Researching and Generating ideas.
Ideas i had for the rocket were to have a light frame while still having enough mass to launch a good distance. A large parachute size would also be a necessity. The first rocket was made by the greeks.NASA began on October 1 1958.
Drag- made from air resistance. Lift- used to stabilize and control a rocket. Thrust- this creates lift off or upward movement. Weight-increased mass and or density. Roll-is the rocket twisting around the axis. Pitch-rocket moving up and down. Yaw-similar to pitch but the nose spirals.
Structural system- the rockets body system working together. Propulsion system- is the rocket launch system is uses liquid or solid fuel. Guidance system- control lock as maneuvers and stability. Payload system- what the rocket is carrying. Recovery system- allows the rocket and or the payload to land unharmed.
Traveling to space
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Ionosphere. These are four layers that make up earth's atmosphere.
The first law of motion “objects in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force”.The second is something like Force is equal to mass, to increase acceleration increase force or lose mass. The third is based around every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Thrust, Weight, Drag, and Lift are the four forces that affect rocketry.
4. Criteria and Constraints
Criteria for the rocket would have to be the materials and the parachute. The constraints would be weight, time, resources, number of fins, nose leng, and air pressure.
5.Exploring Possibilities
I have locked into the different rocket designs and believe my design is a good one and close to the design of the number 1 design. My rocket has 4 fins with wide flat bases to help slow fall and increase the static margin.
6.Selecting an approach
I will probably make a design as close to Apollo 1 as possible. also making the rocket light is a priority.Between my three designs Apollo 1 was by far the best. Apollo lasted 5 more seconds than HamRocket and 10 or more seconds the DooDoo. It wasnt the cheapest but it was the lightest associating with the materials.
7. Developing A Design proposal.
Apollo1
Im going to make my design similar to that of Apollos 1. I designed this rocket with flat wide wings. I made a small transition cone to have a lower wait even tho its more resistance. I made a long neck and large nose to increase the static margin of the rocket.
8.Making a model or prototype
DooDoo.Apollo
HamRocket
These were my three designs and Apollo ended up being my final rocket. The Apollo i built was diffrent from the one i designed on White box learning.
9.Testing and evaluating the design
When we launched our rockets my reached a high altitude. This high reach allowed my rocket to obtain a longer time that ended up being the best in the class. I modified the nose so that it has a cone of its own that on the descenct acted as a small parachute. I used another bottle top as my cone tube and i believe it hard great rresults.
10.Refining the design
Some things i would probably change is the shape of my fins and make a smaller parachute that would deploy.
11.Creating or making it
If i sold these rockets pre built i would use a more official looking material for the wings that followed the same color scheme. Next i would change my parachute size so that it would have a greater chance of deploying. i would sell them in cardboard and clear plastic boxes and they would cost about 50 dollars. If i sold them in pisces which is what i probably would do. i would have three different ways you can design the rocket and multiple parts so peoples rockets aren't the same. I would put decals in the box so people could add more diversity yo it as well. i would probably create a better body for the rocket than a plastic bottle or leave instructions to get your own bottle. The parts unbuilt would cost from 50 to 40 dollars.
12. Communicating processes and results
my rocket had a flight time of 9.6 which ended up being the best time in the class. This was a good result for me and i was pleased.
Comment Stream | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Effects of transition metal carbide dispersoids on helium bubble formation in dispersion-strengthened tungsten
Ashrakat Saefan, Xingyu Liu, Eric Lang, Levko Higgins, Yongqiang Wang, Osman El-Atwani, Jean Paul Allain, Xing Wang
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
Abstract
The formation of helium bubbles and subsequent property degradation poses a significant challenge to tungsten as a plasma-facing material in future long-pulse plasma-burning fusion reactors. In this study, we investigated helium bubble formation in dispersion-strengthened tungsten doped with transition metal carbides, including TaC, ZrC, and TiC. Of the three dispersoids, TaC exhibited the highest resistance to helium bubble formation, possibly due to the low vacancy mobility in the Group VB metal carbide and oxide phases. Under identical irradiation conditions, large helium bubbles formed at grain boundaries in tungsten, while no bubbles were observed at the interfaces between the carbide dispersoid and tungsten matrix. Moreover, our results showed the interfaces could suppress helium bubble formation in the nearby tungsten matrix, suggesting that the interfaces are more effective in trapping helium as tiny clusters. Our research provided new insights into optimizing the microstructure of dispersion-strengthened tungsten alloys to enhance their performance.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number13352
JournalScientific reports
Volume13
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2023
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
• General
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ILE Home Intuitionistic Logic Explorer < Previous Next >
Nearby theorems
Mirrors > Home > ILE Home > Th. List > icnpimaex GIF version
Theorem icnpimaex 12222
Description: Property of a function continuous at a point. (Contributed by FL, 31-Dec-2006.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 28-Mar-2023.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
icnpimaex (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴))
Distinct variable groups: 𝑥,𝐴 𝑥,𝐹 𝑥,𝐽 𝑥,𝐾 𝑥,𝑃 𝑥,𝑋 𝑥,𝑌
Proof of Theorem icnpimaex
Dummy variable 𝑦 is distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 simpr3 972 . 2 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)
2 eleq2 2178 . . . 4 (𝑦 = 𝐴 → ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝑦 ↔ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴))
3 sseq2 3087 . . . . . 6 (𝑦 = 𝐴 → ((𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦 ↔ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴))
43anbi2d 457 . . . . 5 (𝑦 = 𝐴 → ((𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦) ↔ (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴)))
54rexbidv 2412 . . . 4 (𝑦 = 𝐴 → (∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦) ↔ ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴)))
62, 5imbi12d 233 . . 3 (𝑦 = 𝐴 → (((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝑦 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦)) ↔ ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴))))
7 simpr1 970 . . . . 5 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → 𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃))
8 iscnp 12210 . . . . . 6 ((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) → (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ↔ (𝐹:𝑋𝑌 ∧ ∀𝑦𝐾 ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝑦 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦)))))
98adantr 272 . . . . 5 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ↔ (𝐹:𝑋𝑌 ∧ ∀𝑦𝐾 ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝑦 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦)))))
107, 9mpbid 146 . . . 4 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → (𝐹:𝑋𝑌 ∧ ∀𝑦𝐾 ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝑦 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦))))
1110simprd 113 . . 3 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → ∀𝑦𝐾 ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝑦 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝑦)))
12 simpr2 971 . . 3 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → 𝐴𝐾)
136, 11, 12rspcdva 2765 . 2 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → ((𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴)))
141, 13mpd 13 1 (((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑌) ∧ 𝑃𝑋) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃) ∧ 𝐴𝐾 ∧ (𝐹𝑃) ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥𝐽 (𝑃𝑥 ∧ (𝐹𝑥) ⊆ 𝐴))
Colors of variables: wff set class
Syntax hints: wi 4 wa 103 wb 104 w3a 945 = wceq 1314 wcel 1463 wral 2390 wrex 2391 wss 3037 cima 4502 wf 5077 cfv 5081 (class class class)co 5728 TopOnctopon 12020 CnP ccnp 12198
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-1 5 ax-2 6 ax-mp 7 ax-ia1 105 ax-ia2 106 ax-ia3 107 ax-in1 586 ax-in2 587 ax-io 681 ax-5 1406 ax-7 1407 ax-gen 1408 ax-ie1 1452 ax-ie2 1453 ax-8 1465 ax-10 1466 ax-11 1467 ax-i12 1468 ax-bndl 1469 ax-4 1470 ax-13 1474 ax-14 1475 ax-17 1489 ax-i9 1493 ax-ial 1497 ax-i5r 1498 ax-ext 2097 ax-sep 4006 ax-pow 4058 ax-pr 4091 ax-un 4315 ax-setind 4412
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 116 df-3an 947 df-tru 1317 df-fal 1320 df-nf 1420 df-sb 1719 df-eu 1978 df-mo 1979 df-clab 2102 df-cleq 2108 df-clel 2111 df-nfc 2244 df-ne 2283 df-ral 2395 df-rex 2396 df-rab 2399 df-v 2659 df-sbc 2879 df-csb 2972 df-dif 3039 df-un 3041 df-in 3043 df-ss 3050 df-pw 3478 df-sn 3499 df-pr 3500 df-op 3502 df-uni 3703 df-iun 3781 df-br 3896 df-opab 3950 df-mpt 3951 df-id 4175 df-xp 4505 df-rel 4506 df-cnv 4507 df-co 4508 df-dm 4509 df-rn 4510 df-res 4511 df-ima 4512 df-iota 5046 df-fun 5083 df-fn 5084 df-f 5085 df-fv 5089 df-ov 5731 df-oprab 5732 df-mpo 5733 df-1st 5992 df-2nd 5993 df-map 6498 df-top 12008 df-topon 12021 df-cnp 12201
This theorem is referenced by: iscnp4 12229 cnpnei 12230 cnptopco 12233 cncnp 12241 cnptopresti 12249 lmtopcnp 12261 txcnp 12282
Copyright terms: Public domain W3C validator | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Reefa
Sharif "Reefa" Slater is a music producer who has produced for notable artists. He was raised in Brownsville, Brooklyn, and currently heads a production company for emerging artists and producers.
Production work/involvement
Sharif "Reefa" Slater has produced for Lil Wayne, Estelle, The Game, Rick Ross, Troy Ave, Maino, Fabolous, Ludacris, Juelz Santana, French Montana, Gucci Mane, Omarion, Beanie Sigel, Red Cafe, Super Junior and The Notorious B.I.G. One of his most successful singles to date has been "It's Okay (One Blood)" by The Game, and he has been a producer on the two Billboard #1 albums released by Miami Rapper, Rick Ross, namely "God Forgives, I Don't", and "Mastermind. "
Early career
Hailing from Brownsville, Brooklyn, he became interested in music - one of his uncles lived on the same block as Biggie Smalls, and he saw first hand how producers like Diddy and The Trackmasters translated their studio skills into lucrative careers. He began discjockeying at local reggae parties, and moved on to producing rap instrumentals. His first beat placement was for rapper Shells – on a song that was included on the Coach Carter film soundtrack.
Almost two years passed after he sold that track without anything really happening in his career. Things eventually got moving again through Puffy's Biggie Duets project. He produced the "Hustler's Story" song featuring Akon and Scarface, and Diddy immediately noticed he had a prize pupil on his hands. After that, the work started rolling in, and Reefa could finally start calling himself a bona fide producer. The real breakthrough in his career came via Dr. Dre's legendary West coast outfit. During a brief visit to LA, he happened to play the "One Blood" instrumental for Aftermath A&R, Angelo Sanders. Hours later, he got a call informing him he'd scored the first single to The Game's highly anticipated sophomore album.
Recent activity: late 2000s to present
Over the last five years, Reefa has clocked heavy studio time with the new titans on the hip hop scene - French Montana, Troy Ave, Chinx Drugz, Maino and the reigning hip hop heavyweight, Rick Ross. Recently, he produced three cuts of French Montana's 2013 Excuse My French album released via Puff Daddy's Bad Boy label. He also crafted critically lauded tracks for the last two Rick Ross albums, God Forgives I Don't (released in 2012) and Mastermind (released in early 2014). Both Rick Ross albums debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200 Charts. The track he produced for Rick Ross's 2012 album was a soulful, percussion-heavy banger called "Ice Cold" featuring R&B star Omarion. His contribution to Ross's most recent LP was a gritty, hard-hitting NYC-style track called "What A Shame" featuring French Montana.
In 2014, Reefa enjoyed great success on the Billboard top 200 Chart. He notched production credits on two albums that debuted in the Billboard Top 10 in the same week. The first was the aforementioned Mastermind album by Rick Ross, and the second was the comeback album Braveheart from R&B princess Ashanti. Both albums were released on March 4, 2014. Still to come in 2014, Reefa co-produced with Irv Gotti, Myles William and 12Keyz, a remake of the Notorious B.I.G. song "Mo Money Mo Problems" for "The Other Woman" soundtrack movie starring Cameron Diaz, Kate Upton and Nicki Minaj. The song features vocals by both Iggy Azalea and Keyshia Cole. In addition to that, he also secured the impressive job of scoring all the music for the upcoming season of T.I.'s VH1 reality show T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle. "
Reefa Past Production Company: ATM (Addicted to Money)
Similar to prolific music production houses like Berry Gordy's Motown and Puff Daddy's hugely successful Hitmen, Reefa is looking to make a lasting impact with his company ATM. The production label was founded in 2005 by super-producer Sharif "Reefa" Slater. ATM currently houses upcoming hitmakers 12Keyz, Paul Ruess, TeddyDaDon and DiosMoreno. To date, the legion of exceptional musicians has created beats for artists like Estelle and Keyshia Cole. ATM also has a secret weapon under their wings – an amazing young vocalist named Jaymond Watkins. This budding star has already appeared on The Ellen De Generes show (at the age of just 11 years), and the YouTube video of that performance has garnered more than 4 million views ". Her album, executive produced by ATM, will drop this May. In the coming years, ATM is looking to become a household name in the music industry.
Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.
Production Discography
* Lola Brooke - “Gator Season” (2022)
* Lola Brooke - “Here I Come” (2022)
* Lola Brooke - “Back To Business” (2020)
* Lola Brooke - “My Bop” (2020)
* Lola Brooke - “Shittin Me” (2019)
* Lola Brooke - “Options” (2019)
* Lobby Boyz Ft Benny the Butcher “Praying” (2022)
* French Montana Ft Fivio Foreign “Panicking” (2021)
* Symba - “Reality Is” (2021)
* Symba Ft Moneybagg Yo x O.T. Genasis x Too $hort x Justinlaboy - “Follow Me” (2021)
* JustinLaboy "Respectfully" (2021)
* Stunna Girl Ft 42 Dugg "Ratch" (2021)
* Stunna Girl "Rotation" (2020)
* Stunna Girl "Like I Said Tho" (2021)
* Stunna Girl "Still Smoke" (2021)
* Stunna Girl "Cant Choose" (2021)
* Stunna Girl "Stunna This Stunna That" (2021)
* Lil Wayne - "Let It All Work Out" (2018)
* Lil Wayne - "Murda" ft Junior Reid x Cory Gunz x Capo (2021)
* Estelle Ft Alicai Harley - "Slow Down" (2018)
* Estelle Ft Hood Celebrity - "Karma" (2018) - co-produced by 12Keyz
* Jay Watts - "Single Friends" (2017) - co-produced by 12Keyz
* Lenny Grant AKA Uncle Murda Ft 50 Cent x Jeremih - "On & On" (2017) - co-produced by 12Keyz
* PnB Rock Ft Ty Dolla Sign - "Hanging Up My Jersey" (2017) - co-produced by 12Keyz
* Uncle Murda - "Rap Up 2016" -co-produced by Teddy Da Don
* Uncle Murda Ft Young M.A x Dios Moreno - "Thot" (2016)
* Alessia Cara - "I'm Yours" Original Version (2016) - co-produced by 12Keyz
* Manolo Rose - "Wallahi" (2016)
* Jay Watts - "Thats Not Me" (2016) - co-produced by 12Keyz x Myles William x Adrian Melendez
* Jay Watts - "IDGAF" (2016) - co-produced by 12Keyz x Paul Ruess
* Uncle Murda - "Rap Up" (2015)
* Jay Watts - "How You Feel" - co-produced by 12Keyz x Paul Ruess
* Lil Wayne Ft Cory Gunz x Capo - "Murda" Free Weezy Album- (2015) co-produced by Myles William x 12Keyz
* Uncle Murda x Young Greatness musician - "Real Is Back" - (2015) co-produced by Myles William x JayAreOnTheBeat
* Estelle musician - "She Will Love" - (2015)
* Estelle musician - "Not Sure" - (2015) co-produced by 12Keyz x Myles William
* Estelle musician - "Conqueror" - (2015) co-produced by Johnny Black
* Rayven Justice "Dont Trust Em" ft Chinx x Uncle Murda - (2015) co-produced by 12Keyz
* Rayven Justice "Nobody" - (2015) co-produced by Myles William
* Maino X Mack Wilds - "All About You" (2014) co-produced by 12Keyz
* Maino K.O.B King Of Brooklyn Album (2013) ("K.O.B (Rules To This Shit)
* Maino K.O.B King Of Brooklyn Album (2013) "Plottin"
* Maino K.O.B King Of Brooklyn Album (2013) "Bang"
* Maino K.O.B King Of Brooklyn Album (2013) "Great"
* Maino K.O.B King Of Brooklyn Album (2013) "Just Watch"
* The Other Woman - Movie Soundtrack (2014) "I'm Coming Out" featuring Keyshia Cole & Iggy Azalea - co-produced by Irv Gotti, Myles William and 12Keyz
* Rick Ross - Mastermind (2014) (09. "What A Shame" featuring French Montana - co produced by Stats)
* Ashanti - Braveheart (2014) (02. "Nowhere" co-produced by 12Keyz, 03. "Runaway" co-produced by 12Keyz)
* French Montana - Excuse My French (2013) (01. "Once In A While" co-produced by 12Keyz, 12. "We Go Wherever We Want" co-produced by 12Keyz, Vinylz and Allen Ritter, 19. "If I Die" co-produced by 12Keyz)
* Troy Ave - New York City - The Album (2013) 17. "I'm Dat N#gga" co-produced by Myles William and Stats
* Chinx - Arm & Dangerous" - (2013) Co-produced by Myles William
* Ky-mani Marley - Love Over All" - (2015)
* Ja Rule - Fresh Out Da Pen" - (2013) co-produced by Myles William, 12Keyz and Irv Gotti
* Ja Rule - Everything" - (2013) co-produced by Myles William and Irv Gotti
* Rick Ross - God Forgives, I Don't (2012) 12. "Ice Cold" featuring Omarion
* Styles P - Master of Ceremonies (2011) 11. "Don't Turn Away" Featuring Pharrell
* Super Junior - "Walkin" (2011) Fifth Studio Album
* Red Cafe - (2009) "Hottest in the Hood"
* Red Cafe - (2006) "Diddy Bop"
* Red Cafe - (2005) "Bling Blaouw"
* Willy Northpole - "Tha Connect" (2009)
* Willy Northpole - "The Story" (2009)
* Willy Northpole - "Dear Lord" (2009)
* Fabolous - From Nothin' to Something (2007)
* Fabolous "Gangsta Don't Play" featuring Junior Reid(2007)
* Fabolous "I'm The Man" featuring Red Cafe (2007)
* Gucci Mane - Back To The Trap House (2007) 02. "16 Fever"
* Beanie Sigel - "Gutted" Featuring Jay Z (2007)
* Beanie Sigel - "Creep Low" (2007)
* Beanie Sigel - "The Bridge" Featuring Scarface x Raheem DeVaughn (2007)
* The Game - Doctor's Advocate (2006) 03. "It's Okay (One Blood" featuring Junior Reid
* Juelz Santana - What the Game's Been Missing (2005) 18. "I Am Crack"
* The Notorious B.I.G. - Duets: The Final Chapter (2005) 14. "Hustler's Story" featuring Scarface & Akon
* Benzino Ft 2Pac & Freddie Foxxx “Trying To Make It Through” (2005) Archnemsis
* Capone - Pain, Time and Glory (2005) 14. "F*#k Yo Set"
* Coach Carter - Movie Soundtrack (2005) "Why I Love You" performed by Shells
* Fabolous "Do the Damn Thing" featuring Jeezy (2004)
* Fabolous "Holla at Somebody Real" featuring Lil Mo (2004) | WIKI |
Page:Kern, Good Morning Dearie, 1922.djvu/73
Yankee flag and the french flag, Yankee flag and the french flag, Yankee flag and the french flag, Yankee flag and the french flag,
, united may be. As, united may be. As, united may be. As, united may be. As T.B.H.Co. 205-18 Musical Scena | WIKI |
Shiroor
Shiroor is a village in Byndoor Taluk in the state of Karnataka, India. Mudramakki, Tuddalli, Kotemane, Hadavinakone and Neerugadde are localities within Shiroor. It is home to the Kannada, Konkani.Zamaithi & Nakhuda are languages commonly spoken in the area. Hindus are in majority.
Transport
Shiroor is connected to other cities and states in India by roads and railways. National Highway 66 (India) crosses the village, which had a major impact on its development. Under the Konkan Railway, many trains run day and night to and from the town. Shiroor is linked to the Indian railway system by Shiroor railway station.
Culture
The residents celebrate festivals such as Makara Sankranti, Nagara Panchami, Krishna Janmashtami, Ganesh Chaturthi, Navaratri, Deepavali. Folk arts like Yakshagana are also popular.
Schools and colleges
1) Green Valley International School.
2) Touheed Urdu & English Medium School.
3) Higher Primary Govt School & College. (Market)
4) Siraate Mustaqeem.
5) Knowledge Primary School.
6) Hindustani Primary School.
7) Gousiya Anjuman.
Infrastructure
Shiroor is connected to nearby Bhatkal and Byndoor by the NH-66 which spans across the west coast from Mumbai to Kanyakumari making the region an accessible place. On the NH-66 highway, Shiroor Toll Plaza is located at the border of the village. Also, it is connected to several railways by the Shiroor Railway Station making this small village easily accessible. However, the nearest airport at Mangaluru (IXE), is more than 120 km away. The village is at least 100 km far away from most major cities, while at the same time is located near the well-developing town of Bhatkal. This connectivity can help pay the way for development and industrialization in the near future. | WIKI |
Senator Pate
Senator Pate may refer to:
* Louis M. Pate Jr. (born 1936), North Carolina State Senate
* Paul Pate (born 1958), Iowa State Senate | WIKI |
The Book of Wonder
The Book of Wonder is the seventh book and fifth original short story collection of Irish fantasy writer Lord Dunsany, considered a major influence on the work of J. R. R. Tolkien, H. P. Lovecraft, Ursula K. Le Guin, and others. It was first published in hardcover by William Heinemann in November 1912, and has been reprinted a number of times since. A 1918 edition from the Modern Library was actually a combined edition with Time and the Gods.
Contents
The book collects fourteen fantasy short stories by the author.
Lord Dunsany employed the talents of Sidney Sime to illustrate his fantasy short story collections, but The Book of Wonder is unique in that Sime drew the illustrations first, and Lord Dunsany wrote the tales to incorporate them:
"'I found Mr Sime one day, in his strange house at Worplesdon, complaining that editors did not offer him very suitable subjects for illustration; so I said: 'Why not do any pictures you like, and I will write stories explaining them, which may add a little to their mystery?''"
Of the 14 tales, only the last two ("Chu-Bu and Sheemish" and "The Wonderful Window") were not derived from a Sime drawing.
Gnolls
The short story "How Nuth Would Have Practised His Art upon the Gnoles" is likely the origin of the term gnoll, used in a number of later works, notably the Dungeons and Dragons gaming franchise, to describe a humanoid fantasy race.
Chapters
* "Preface"
* "The Bride of the Man-Horse"
* "The Distressing Tale of Thangobrind the Jeweller, and of the Doom that Befell Him"
* "The House of the Sphinx"
* "The Probable Adventure of the Three Literary Men"
* "The Injudicious Prayers of Pombo the Idolator"
* "The Loot of Bombasharna"
* "Miss Cubbidge and the Dragon of Romance"
* "The Quest of the Queen's Tears"
* "The Hoard of the Gibbelins"
* "How Nuth Would Have Practised His Art upon the Gnoles"
* "How One Came, as Was Foretold, to the City of Never"
* "The Coronation of Mr. Thomas Shap"
* "Chu-Bu and Sheemish"
* "The Wonderful Window"
* "Epilogue"
Reception
Padraic Colum reviewed The Book of Wonder for the Irish Times, using "The Wonderful Window" as a metaphor for Dunsany himself. He described the main character of Dunsany's previous stories as Time, and his world as "curiously elementary", full of simple and terrible happenings. However, he noted that though the new stories in The Book of Wonder were less marvellous, they were more closely related to the real world and more psychologically complex. | WIKI |
Latest TaskPaper 3.2.1 preview has a small fix that I couldn't explain in the release notes
I very often select lines of text by:
1. Go to start of line.
2. And then Shift-Down Arrow to select the line.
3. And same thing to select following lines.
I’ve often been frustrated in TaskPaper because the above pattern doesn’t didn’t always work out right. The problem cases are a little hard to explain, but generally sometimes the above would work to select clean full lines of text. And other times it wouldn’t. It would end up selecting in the middle of lines, or seeming to skip ahead and select two lines at once.
The problem was that the indented text created problems with the way that vertical cursor movement is done. NSTextView remembers a x position when you start moving up or down and picks new positions based on that first position. But this doesn’t work out well in TaskPaper where due to indentation lines start at different x positions and created the above frustrations.
Anyway TaskPaper 3.2.1 (210) fixes this. Not sure if anyone else will notice, but for me it makes editing a much better experience.
1 Like
5 posts were merged into an existing topic: Should TaskPaper try to be smart about detecting leading spaces and turning them into tabs? | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Agda
Agda may refer to:
* Agda (programming language), the programming language and theorem prover
* Agda (Golgafrinchan), the character in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams
* Liten Agda, the heroine of a Swedish legend
* Agda Montelius, a Swedish feminist
* Agda Persdotter, a Swedish royal mistress of the 16th-century
* Agda Rössel, a Swedish politician
* Agda Östlund, a Swedish politician
* Dayan Agda, a Filipino politician | WIKI |
0
The initial portsnap fetch command is talking forever. I'm getting speeds of 3427 Bps. Bps. So 3.4 KBps. Where's the config to change the mirror.
Please note I'm not talking about the actual building in ports, that's fine. I'm talking about downloading the ports tree.
1
• There is a manual page for portsnap and portsnap.conf - you should look there. Apr 13, 2021 at 12:41
2 Answers 2
2
This was due to a temporary server issues that should be fixed now, please try again.
1
• This is the answer. Had the same problems. A developer on the FreeBSD forums stated they were having initial issues that were solved. Everything works fine as of 10 hours or so from my commenting here.
– Rob
Apr 14, 2021 at 10:43
0
You can also consider git method of fetching ports as documented over here:
FreeBSD Handbook - Ports Collection - Procedure: Git Method
Shallow git-clone with only latest commits will speed up process rapidly:
git clone --depth 1 https://git.FreeBSD.org/ports.git /usr/ports
Later (or when needed) You can make local repository to complete one by unshallowing:
cd /usr/ports
git fetch --unshallow
2
• There are a number of ways to get a ports tree locally (portsnap, git, simple tar, etc.) The question was about portsnap specifically, so I was answering that. Personally, I'd recommend git without the --depth 1, but I was just answering the question as it was asked. Apr 15, 2021 at 17:46
• Sure I agree. I was in the exactly same situation and this approach helped to me.
– Kubator
Apr 19, 2021 at 6:06
You must log in to answer this question.
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Page:Thirty-five years in the East.djvu/44
4 the many remedies which I applied,Lawsonia inermis proved the most effective.Every evening, before going to bed, I applied to the affected part the pulverized herb, with as much water as was sufficient to make a sof tpoultice.In the morning I washed it off,but the place continued red;it is the same herb,indeed, with which the fair sex in the East stain their hands and feet.To strengthen my body,and especially my feet, I also used sea-bathing, which had a very good effect. From Sissopolis, we arrived, after a voyage of two days, at Constantinople. The view of the panorama of the Turkish capital and its environs, which we had on entering the Bosphorus, was so fine, and so imposing, that I felt compensated for all the dangers and troubles hitherto endured, and completely forgot them for the time.In winter(the middle of December, 1816) nature was still arrayed in green.This, however, did not last long ;for in the beginning of January a heavy fall of snow, three feet deep, took place, and it grew much colder than I expected to find it in Stambul.
Before the expiration of the year 1817,I had an opportunity of continuing my journey towards Jerusalem,a city I was desirous of visiting.I was engaged as physician in ordinary to the Governor of Tocat,with whom I travelled into the interior of Asia Minor. However agreeable this journey might have been during the summer,it was very fatiguing during the winter, as almost every step cost us an effort, and we made our way with difficulty through the snow which covered the high mountains of Asia Minor. The caravan of the new governor, which whom I travelled, consisted of sixty horses and mules. One day we lost our way during a violent snow-storm in the mountains of Anatolia, and we had to pass a very bad night, till at last we got out of the deep snow, and found a village. On this journey I began to make a collection of antiques ( ancient Greek coins and engraved stones ), which at that time were easily obtained at the silversmiths, at a low price. I regret I did not then so well understand the value of them. From Tocat 1 travelled to Aleppo, passing through Kaisari, | WIKI |
Financial advisors and retirement planners want a piece of this tax break
Here's a personal finance query that will puzzle your advisor: Will he or she be able to snag this attractive tax break for small businesses? Earlier this month, the IRS and Treasury issued a proposed regulation addressing the 20 percent qualified business income deduction. This break, originally outlined in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, applies to so-called pass-through entities, including sole proprietorships, limited liability companies and S corporations. In that latest bit of guidance, the IRS put the kibosh on a number of aggressive tax planning strategies to help businesses qualify for the break. Uncle Sam also left some uncertainty, including whether the professionals who help you manage your money and protect your wealth would be able to take the break. "A lot of these things bleed into each other," said Troy Lewis, associate teaching professor at Brigham Young University and chairman of the qualified business income task force at the American Institute of CPAs. "It would be rare to find someone who is a stockbroker who doesn't also dabble in providing advice and managing assets," he said. Here's what the 20 percent deduction means for financial advisors. Entrepreneurs, regardless of the industry they are in, may take the full 20 percent deduction on qualified business income if they have taxable income that's under $157,500 if single or $315,000 if married. Once you exceed that threshold, limitations on who can take the break will apply. For instance, "specified service trades or businesses," which include doctors, lawyers and other specialists, can't take the deduction at all if their taxable income exceeds $207,500 if single or $415,000 if married. The rules are a little different for firms that don't fall into this catgegory. Those entrepreneurs receive a reduced deduction if their taxable income exceeds the $157,500/$315,000 threshold but is still below the $207,500/$415,000 threshold. The break they get is generally limited to 50 percent of wages they pay to employees, but owners can still collect a partial deduction if the business didn't pay wages. If your company is not a "specified service trade or business" and your taxable income is over the $207,500/$415,000 threshold, your deduction is generally limited based on wages you pay to your workers. You will get nothing if you are self-employed with no paid employees and exceed that limit. In its Aug. 8 proposal, the IRS clarified that wealth managers, financial advisors and stockbrokers, among others, would be considered "specified service trades or businesses." That means, as long as these professionals can keep their taxable income below $157,500 if single ($315,000 if married), they can claim the deduction. They're also barred from taking the break altogether if their income is too high. These advisors must also run their own businesses to qualify for the break; they can't be employees. Here's where things get tricky. Independent insurance agents and brokers are not considered "specified service trades or businesses," so they would be able to qualify for some form of the break, even if their income is high. In this case, even if their taxable income exceeds $207,500 if single or $415,000 if married, these individuals may be eligible for a deduction that is limited based on the wages they pay employees. This adds uncertainty for financial advisors, many of whom may offer life insurance and securities as part of a comprehensive financial plan. "If you're licensed to sell insurance and licensed to sell stocks, you understand one fundamental truth," said Lewis of Brigham Young University. "It's not easy to reorganize yourself, and it's cost prohibitive." For now, advisors are shying away from drastic structural changes to their firms. However, they are contacting the IRS, Treasury and elected officials to seek greater clarity on the deduction. Fee-only advisors, who don't collect commissions for recommending financial products, have also raised concerns that the proposed guidance from the IRS unintentionally rewards advisors who sell insurance. "If it ends up being that an insurance agent who holds himself out as a financial planner or a financial advisor is allowed further deductibility, then we're going to have a problem with that," said Scott Beaudin, chairman of the National Association of Personal Financial Advisors, an organization that represents fee-only advisors. He said the association may submit a comment letter to the Treasury and IRS, seeking clarification on how the deduction applies. Meanwhile, financial advisors have expressed frustration with their inability to grab the tax break if they exceed the income threshold. "We've been hearing from some of our larger advisory firms, that they're upset about not getting this deduction," Skip Schweiss, president of TD Ameritrade Trust Co. The firm provides custody services to registered investment advisors and has built a website they can use to contact lawmakers on this issue. "If you're a principal at a large advisory firm and structured as an LLC, you probably didn't get this deduction," Schweiss said. "Everyone got a tax break, and you didn't." More than 1,000 advisors have reached out to their elected representatives on this issue via TD Ameritrade's advocacy site. One financial advisor told Schweiss that he was considering converting his pass-through business to a C corporation so that his firm could benefit from lower tax rates. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act reduced the corporate tax rate to 21 percent from 35 percent. But such a change may come at a great cost: C-corps and their owners are subject to two tiers of taxes – a 21 percent levy on income generated by the business and a tax on dividends of up to 20 percent if the owner taps the income. "We'll continue to press the case with policymakers that this should be a level playing field," Schweiss of TD Ameritrade said. "We don't know why the exception was made for some businesses and not others." | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Diabetes and Vision
Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood. Around the world it causes significant sickness and possibly early death, but it is also one of the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment in working age people. A person with diabetes has 25 times the risk of blindness compared to someone without the disease.
Commonly diabetes is due to :
1. Inadequate production of insulin. Called type I Diabetes.
2. Inadequate sensitivity of cells to the action of insulin. Called type II Diabetes.
3. Diabetes while pregnant. Called Gestational Diabetes.
Unfortunately, diabetic eye disease is often asymptomatic in the early stages. This means that people don’t know that they are developing issues with their eyes. We believe it is important for a diabetic to get their eyes tested annually. Most diabetes-associated vision loss is preventable. This is helped by early detection.
To prevent diabetic eye complications it is important to have a healthy lifestyle, which includes diet and exercise. Also if blood pressure is not controlled adequately, this can also hasten diabetic eye disease. It is also important to report any sudden changes in your vision.
In New Zealand we have a very good health system. The retina of diabetics are screened via trained nurses to find any problems. If they find anything untoward, then the person is referred to an ophthalmologist for care. The retina is the sensitive lining of the eye, to use a camera analogy it is like the film in our camera. If there is damage to this sensitive organ, it can mean significant difficulties in the way the eye sees.
Interestingly, diabetes is no longer our leading cause of blindness in working age people (it is now genetic eye conditions). This has changed due to the improved care we can offer our patients – unfortunately, this is causing a strain on our public health system.
Diabetes of the retina affects the blood vessels, and we are fortunate enough to be able to view these easily by looking into your eye.
There are some other things that diabetes can do to your eye, which wouldn’t be screened for under our public health system. For example:
Dry eyes - This can range from being mildly annoying and needing to blink a bit more often; to using eye drops frequently; to developing vision limiting infections.
Hypoesthesia of the cornea - Ulcers can develop on the front surface of someone’s eye as the nerves aren’t working correctly.
Small pupils - Which can affect the clarity of your distance vision.
Glaucoma - This is an eye disease where the eye is damaged by pressure inside the eye.
Cataracts - These happen to everyone eventually, but are a problem for diabetics younger in life. Cataracts are the lens inside your eye going cloudy or opaque, making your vision blurry and needing surgery to correct it.
Diabetic retinopathy - These retinal changes can range from mild to severe. This the most common complication from diabetes, at least a third of diabetics get this.
Asteroid hyalosis - This is where there is floaters in the jelly inside the eye.
Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy - The optic nerve can become damaged.
Cranial nerve palsies - The nerves that the eye uses for normal function can become damaged and can cause a range of problems, such as double vision.
Orbital mucormycosis - This is a fungal eye infection.
As you can see, there are lots of ways diabetes can affect the eye and regular eye checkups are important for people who are diabetic. There are a range of eye issues which can happen from diabetes. The best advice we could give you is to get your eyes routinely tested, as early intervention if there are any problems can be save your vision.
Issue 82 November 2017 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Burrhus Frederic Skinner or B.F. Skinner certainly led an interesting life as a behaviorist, psychologist, social philosopher, author and inventor. A firm believer that human actions were the result of consequences, B.F. Skinner certainly got the most out of his life by studying human behavior, founding his own school of experimental research in psychology and coming up with a number of inventions, many of which were certainly outside his normal field of expertise.
B.F. Skinner was considered a pioneer in the studies of modern human behavior and even invented the cumulative recorder to measure the rate of response as well. By the time of his death in 1990, Skinner was considered by many to be the most influential psychologist of the 20th century. He also managed to publish 21 books and around 180 articles as well.
The Inventions of B.F. Skinner
The number of inventions that Skinner made when you consider how prolific he was in his field is really quite astounding. Especially because some of the inventions had little to nothing to do with his career, but instead were inspired by what he saw around him.
Air Crib: Skinner’s improvements to the standard crib were inspired by his wife having difficulty with raising their first child when their second baby came along. The Air Crib was easy to clean and kept a constant temperature and humidity level to help comfort the baby. The invention was not without controversy as many dubbed it the “Skinner Box”, however it did help to alleviate the tendency of babies to cry when it got too hot or cold.
Cumulative Recorder: A machine that could record behavior automatically by using graphics, it was made from a rotating drum that held paper and a marking needle. This device was used to monitor the rats in the operant conditioning chamber so that an accurate record could be kept.
Operant Conditioning Chamber: This device measures the responses of organisms such as animals and birds to their interactions within the environment. Basically, it was a box that would release a food pellet when the animal or bird pulled a lever or stepped on a button. Once the animal was so conditioned, it would repeat the action until they were no longer hungry. It arguably became his most well known device.
Pigeon Guided Missile: Easily the strangest of Skinner’s inventions, this was the result of the US Navy looking for a weapon that could sink a large battleship. Skinner proposed that pigeons could be used to guide a large missile to the target accurately and in tests showed that it could be accomplished. However, radar was developed and the pigeon guided missile was no longer practical.
Teaching Machine: This was a mechanical invention that automated the task of programmed instructions. Basically, it would ask a question and if the right answer was given, a reward would be delivered. Skinner was convinced that the machine could be used for all ages and to teach different subjects from reading to music and so forth. Although rather stark in appearance, the actual principle behind his device has been used by educators ever since.
There is little doubt that B.F. Skinner had an inventive mind and his works proved the scope of his talents.
Strong proponent of individual liberty and free speech. My goal is to present information that expands our awareness of crucial issues and exposes the manufactured illusion of freedom that we are sold in America. Question everything because nothing is what it seems. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Friday, 21 July 2017
see choices and hypersomnia or unexplained for Idiopathic daytime sleepiness causes
creation
'Hypersomnia' way immoderate sleep or sleepiness that interferes with normal life.
it could have many possible reasons, which consist of situations along with narcolepsy, sleep apnoea or harassed legs syndrome; extreme sleep deprivation; despair; sure medicinal drugs (together with tranquillisers); or drug and alcohol misuse.
but, a few people with hypersomnia will no longer have an underlying scientific circumstance and there can be no obvious reason behind it – they have got it at a few stage in the day, no matter sleeping for a very long term at night time time. this is referred to as "idiopathic" or primary hypersomnia.
The relaxation of this web page specializes in idiopathic hypersomnia.
signs and symptoms
human beings with idiopathic hypersomnia struggle to live awake at some level within the day and are usually forced to take commonplace long naps. these can be prolonged or at beside the point times – together with throughout a verbal exchange or meal, or maybe at the same time as riding – and normally do not provide any remedy from the sleepiness.
the majority with idiopathic hypersomnia additionally sleep for greater than 10 hours a night and struggle to wake within the morning, because of the truth they revel in very drowsy and harassed upon waking ("sleep drunkenness"), even though some people sleep for a regular quantity of time (approximately 8 hours) and are able to wake extraordinarily generally.
The excessive sleepiness can also have a poor effect at the man or woman's paintings, relationships and social life, and they may also:
have mental fitness problems, which incorporates tension or despair
have low energy
be restless or agitated
anticipate or speak slowly
have trouble remembering subjects or keeping consciousness
carry out behaviours throughout the residence as although on “autopilot”
the ones signs regularly amplify throughout youth or in someone's early 1920s, even though they could occur in advance or later in life.
What to do
See your GP in case you're constantly drowsy in some unspecified time in the future of the day and it is affecting your regular existence. they may want to understand about your napping conduct, how masses sleep you get at night, in case you wake at some stage in the night, and whether you doze off all through the day.
they will moreover want to recognize when you have any emotional issues, together with depression, or in case you're taking any medicine that would give an reason for your hypersomnia.
Your GP may additionally moreover advocate maintaining a diary of your sleeping patterns and sleepiness stages for a few weeks, or filling in a questionnaire called the Epworth sleepiness scale to evaluate whether you're excessively sleepy throughout the day.
If critical, your GP can refer you to a clinical health practitioner specialising in sleep problems for assessments to assist diagnose the reason of your signs.
Seeing a nap professional
a number of tests may be executed to evaluate your sleep and help come to be aware about any underlying purpose.
the ones are generally performed at a expert sleep centre, but occasionally you may be given portable recording device to apply whilst you sleep at domestic.
of the principle assessments used are:
Polysomnography (a night time sleep check), which could assist rule out sleep troubles including narcolepsy or sleep apnoea. You live in a special bed room and are determined from another room thru the night time. Electrodes are attached in your face, head and body to file brainwaves, muscle hobby, eye movement, respiratory and loud night breathing.
more than one sleep latency check – this take a look at generally follows the next day. you may be requested to take numerous naps at some point of the day, so scientific doctors can see how prolonged it takes you to doze off while informed (this need to now not take longer than 8 minutes for someone with hypersomnia).
medical medical doctors can also diagnose idiopathic hypersomnia when you have immoderate daylight hours sleepiness and want normal daylight naps, however no exceptional cause is discovered.
handling idiopathic hypersomnia
Idiopathic hypersomnia does no longer typically get better with the aid of itself. Many humans find that the signs enhance with treatment.
treatment
There are not any drug treatments mainly designed to address idiopathic hypersomnia, but drug treatments used for narcolepsy can regularly help.
the primary medicinal pills used are stimulants, including modafinil, dexamphetamine and methylphenidate, which help to keep you wide awake at some point of the day. See treating narcolepsy for extra statistics on those drug treatments.
Antidepressants may be prescribed if emotional troubles are interfering together with your sleep.
A medication known as flumazenil has been proven to help a few sufferers with idiopathic hypersomnia, even though greater research is needed to make sure of its effectiveness.
way of life modifications
it could also assist to adopt top napping conduct, together with fending off alcohol, caffeine and medicines that make the scenario worse, sticking to a bedtime recurring, and avoiding operating at night time time or carrying out social sports that delay bedtime.
Idiopathic hypersomnia or narcolepsy?
Idiopathic hypersomnia is similar to narcolepsy, in that each reason excessive sunlight hours sleepiness and can mean you fall asleep at virtually any time, but there are a few key differences:
a few people with narcolepsy may lose muscle manipulate even as experiencing strong emotions (cataplexy) – this doesn't appear in idiopathic hypersomnia.
humans with narcolepsy regularly have very vibrant goals or even hallucinations at the same time as they are drowsy, which may be generally no longer seen in idiopathic hypersomnia.
The in a unmarried day sleep in narcolepsy is typically very fragmented and of horrible great, but humans with idiopathic hypersomnia have a tendency to sleep constantly thru the night time.
short daytime naps in narcolepsy tend to be fresh, however naps in idiopathic hypersomnia are extra like lengthy sleeps and are not easy.
In idiopathic hypersomnia, you do now not have a tendency to fall speedy into fast eye motion (REM) or dream sleep, which is usually a key characteristic in narcolepsy.
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ForceType/PHP without .php extension
Discussion in 'Install/Configuration' started by lux, Apr 19, 2005.
1. lux
lux New Member
I'm trying to get the following htaccess settings to work:
Code:
<Files index>
ForceType application/x-httpd-php
</Files>
The documentation says the ForceType directive works, but the <Files> block doesn't seem to. Is there a way of accomplishing the above in Litespeed? I did make sure all the htaccess options were selected (except 'None'). What's probably happening is I need an AddHandler or something like that, but I haven't gotten any variation (the above is from the original Apache config) to work.
Thanks in advance,
Lux
2. mistwang
mistwang LiteSpeed Staff
support for <Files> block will be added in 2.1 release, there is no good alternative right now, so there is no way to make it work in .htaccess. However, it is doable with lsws matching context, from web admin interface, create a matching static context like "URI=> exp:(.*)/index", "location=>$DOC_ROOT$1/index", set force MIME Type to "application/x-httpd-php". it should work exactly like your htaccess settings.
3. lux
lux New Member
Thanks for the suggestion. I'm not able to get this to work however. Here are the steps I took:
1. Go to "Server Configuration" then select the appropriate Virtual Host.
2. Click the "Context" tab.
3. Click "Add".
4. Select "Static" from the list of types.
5. Enter "exp:(.*)/index" into the URI field.
6. Enter "$DOC_ROOT$1/index" into the Location field.
7. Set "Accessible" to "Yes".
8. Set "Force MIME Type" to "application/x-httpd-php".
9. Click "Save".
I left all other fields as their defaults (empty in most cases). This seems to have no effect, and the file still loads as a binary file which the browser prompts me to save.
Let me know if I missed a step or something.
Thanks again,
Lux
4. lux
lux New Member
Reload
I forgot it in the list of steps above, but I did reload the virtual host as well.
Cheers,
Lux
5. mistwang
mistwang LiteSpeed Staff
You probably need to clear your browser's cache. :)
6. lux
lux New Member
I'm afraid not. I tried that to make sure, and I also tried accessing it from the command line via:
bash$ telnet localhost 8088
...
HEAD /index HTTP/1.0
And the output was an application/octet-stream file there too.
7. mistwang
mistwang LiteSpeed Staff
Is there a script handler for ".php" defined? otherwise, "application/x-httpd-php" is undefined.
8. lux
lux New Member
It's pretty much a stock Lite Speed installation. I found the following:
Suffix: php
Handler Type: Fast CGI
Handler Name: "[Server Level]: phpFcgi"
9. mistwang
mistwang LiteSpeed Staff
We tried it again, it works.
Please set "Location" to "$DOC_ROOT/$1/index", then restart the web server. "Reload" virtual host may not work properly.
Make sure to disable override, or remove those .htaccess files.
10. lux
lux New Member
Awesome! It works perfectly now. Our software, a PHP-based content management system, works perfectly with Lite Speed now.
Thanks,
Lux
11. aambults
aambults New Member
Same problem
Hi !
I have a same problem when tried to migrate from Apache 2.0.54 to LIGHTSPEED 2.2.
There are .htaccess (in DOCROOT) file whitch force apache+php to use file portal as php file :
...
<Files portal>
ForceType application/x-httpd-php
</Files>
...
Then I add context in vhost context :
...
<context>
<type>NULL</type>
<uri>exp:(.*)/portal</uri>
<location>$DOC_ROOT/$1/portal</location>
<allowBrowse>1</allowBrowse>
<forceType>application/x-httpd-php</forceType>
<accessControl>
</accessControl>
<addDefaultCharset>off</addDefaultCharset>
<rewrite>
</rewrite>
</context>
...
But it force lightspeed to use portal as php file, but without parameeters. I need to use portal with parameeters for example :
/portal/news/73/articles/81077
In fact there was no directory news or 73 or articles - those are parameeters whitch portal should understood.
What should I change in context definitions ?
Andris
12. mistwang
mistwang LiteSpeed Staff
You can try:
Code:
<uri>exp: (.*)/portal/(.*)</uri>
Only drawback is that PATH_INFO environment variable will no longer be set. If you code depends on _SERVER['PATH_INFO'] you can consider use
Code:
<location>$DOC_ROOT/$1/portal?path_info=$2</location>
_REQUEST['path_info'] is what _SERVER['PATH_INFO'] was.
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Page:Life and Works of Abraham Lincoln, v1.djvu/22
viii For permission to use the biography of Lincoln in the present volume thanks are due to William H. Lambert, President of the Lincoln Fellowship. He is the owner of the voluminous MS. on Lincoln left by the late Henry C. Whitney, one of Lincoln's legal associates and personal and political friends. From this the present work on "Lincoln the Citizen" has been extracted. It is confidently expected that the public will find in this character study a personal view of that most human of great men, which is second in general interest only to the life of Lincoln by his law partner, William H. Herndon, and surpasses this in many particular points of keen insight and generous appreciation. Mr. Whitney's "Life" ends at Lincoln's inauguration. After that the biography of the President merges into the history of his country, to the many works upon which the reader is referred.
Thanks are extended to The Lincoln Farm Association, and particularly to its secretary, Richard Lloyd Jones, for permission to use Miss Tarbell's article, "The Parents of Abraham Lincoln" as an introduction to "Lincoln the Citizen."
The mutual helpfulness of these Lincoln associations and publications is the best of tributes to the beneficent influence of that great man to whom "charity" in the broad sense of loving aid and consideration extended to all men was the dearest of words and things. In the hope that we, too, may share in the honor of promoting the fraternal movement which is preparing to inaugurate a new century of the higher patriotism represented by Abraham Lincoln, we present this Centenary Edition of his Life and Works. | WIKI |
Clinical and psychological implications of secondary and incidental findings in cancer susceptibility genes after exome sequencing in patients with rare disorders
In this work we analyzed the frequency, actionability and psychological impact of disclosing pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes (CSG) as a secondary or incidental finding (SF/IF) mainly in pediatric patients. In a total of 533 exomes examined for non-cancer indications, we found a pathogenic variant in a CSG as a SF/IF in 2%. Around 80% of the families did not have a cancer family history. Among those eligible for cancer surveillance, we detected a tumour in 20% in the first set of investigations.Regarding the psychological impact, we found higher scores in the MICRA scale among carriers of a CSG as a SF/IF compared to carriers of a CSG due to familial cancer history. Genetic counseling is key in individuals undergoing exome sequencing in order to cope with medical and psychological implications of their results (By Estela Carrasco, https://jmg.bmj.com/content/early/2022/11/28/jmg-2022-108929 )
Estela Carrasco (the girl with brown trousers and boots) and some coathors
(Visited 93 times, 1 visits today) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Engineering Projects/Poppit/Howard Community College/Fall2011/501 jupiters
Problem Statement
Determine a way to play the game Poppit in such a way as to clear the screen of all balloons every time.
Team Members
This is a Poppit project team called Jupiter team pages 10/10 ... good job 1sfoerster 17:55, 7 September 2011 (UTC)
* A. Yapici
* N. Delaney
* C. Diffendal
Summary
We began our process using a very simple mathematical hypothesis. When that failed to produce satisfactory results, we moved on to figuring out different ways to target single balloons. We eventually developed a strategy that consistently produces a satisfactory low score, but never managed to eliminate every balloon.
Story
Our initial strategy involved determining whether the number of each color of balloon was the same for each game, or if there was a pattern to determine how many balloons there were. Over the course of building statistics, we discovered that the number of each color of balloon appears to be random.
The next strategy we developed was to eliminate the largest groupings of balloons of the same color first, moving down toward the smaller groups. The average amount of balloons left at the end of the game for this method was 23. We then moved on to attempting to match single balloons to larger groups. We tried moving balloons from the bottom of the grid to the top, and from the top to the bottom. Between these two methods, working from the bottom up yielded better results. We also tried focusing on eliminating columns of balloons, both from the edges to the center, and the center to the edges. The lowest score yielded starting from the center was 3 balloons remaining, and the lowest score working from the edges was 8.
The strategy we determined to be most effective was to target single balloons. The method by which we attach single balloons to larger groups is to eliminate columns from the center of the grid to the edges, with a focus on eliminating balloons on the bottom of the grid.
Lastly,we have tried the programming language even though it was unsuccessful. We had all the data we needed and we worked on how could we put these data into Processing program and create a software? We used some examples some tutorial in the program to understand how it works.It was very challenging. In the end, we could not create a software to play against the Poppit.
Material List
In order to complete this project the only materials needed were a computer with Internet connection. Our Computation Notebooks were the only things needed to be purchased but it was class requirement so we already had them before the assignment started.
Software List
* Google Chrome
* Processing
Time
Our team was assigned to complete the project in a three week period with at least was 8 hours a week per team member. A total of 48 work hours was estimated to complete the project. At the end of the project we accumulated 25 hours of work invested into the project. | WIKI |
More DoD Orders for Boeing, RTN, LMT - Analyst Blog
The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) dispersed 18 contracts worth $870 million to a number of public and privately traded firms on Sep 18, 2013. Some of the defense players receiving contracts that day included The Boeing Company ( BA ), Lockheed Martin Corp. ( LMT ), Raytheon Company ( RTN ), and BAE Systems plc (BAESY).
Boeing received three contracts worth $212.4 million, which comprised roughly a quarter of the total contract value. Per the first contract worth $172.3 million, the company will provide services on 13 low-rate initial production Lot IV P-8A Poseidon sub-hunting aircraft. The contract runs through Apr 2017. Per the second contract worth $23.6 million, the company will supply eight instrumentation wafer components and support for those components. The contract is expected to be completed by Apr 30, 2016. The final contract entails the repair of various parts on an unspecified number of AV-8 Harrier jump jets for the U.S. Marine Corps. The contract runs through Sep 30, 2015.
Lockheed Martin received a modification contract worth $99 million for the purchase of long lead-time parts, material and components required to build 19 conventional takeoff and landing F-35A stealth fighters for the U.S. Air Force. The contract is scheduled to be completed in Jun 2014.
Raytheon has received a modification contract to carry out an Engineering Analysis on U.S. Army and Air Force AIM-9X Sidewinder Block II Missile Systems. This contract worth $10.3 million runs through Mar 2014.
Sequestration and spending cuts were expected to adversely affect the performances of the defense behemoths that explicitly provide products and services to the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). However, the defense players are doing well despite the fear of Damocles' sword hanging over defense budgets and big-ticket programs. Small contracts doled out by the DoD have kept alive the revenue stream of these companies.
While Lockheed Martin holds a short-term Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy), Raytheon carries a short-term Zacks Rank #2 (Buy). Boeing presently retains a short-term Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). We also have Northrop Grumman Corp. ( NOC ) in the space, with a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy), worth considering.
BOEING CO (BA): Free Stock Analysis Report
LOCKHEED MARTIN (LMT): Free Stock Analysis Report
NORTHROP GRUMMN (NOC): Free Stock Analysis Report
RAYTHEON CO (RTN): Free Stock Analysis Report
To read this article on Zacks.com click here.
Zacks Investment Research
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:RADunn01
Family member of late stage, screen and television character actor Ralph Dunn, making minor edits based upon biographical info published in various family-owned issues of Playbill for shows in which he appeared. | WIKI |
45 After Dark: Trump’s Deluge edition
As torrential rains and hurricane-force winds pounded Texas, President Donald Trump did everything he could to show he was engaged in the government response. The president tweeted updates, talked about the storm’s historic nature and played up agencies’ coordination. The White House distributed photos of Trump with a stoic look and a white “USA” hat. Trump has seemed to deploy his unique marketing to a devastating natural disaster, as POLITICO’s Matthew Nussbaum reports. “But Trump’s showmanship is about to collide with the devastation on the ground as he heads to Texas on Tuesday, and while natural disasters usually call for a certain presidential demeanor, Trump’s response so far has been distinctly his own. Amidst the deluge, Trump also continued to take divisive actions: He pardoned a controversial former sheriff — a move that prompted bipartisan criticism and came just as Harvey made landfall. On Friday night, Trump also formalized a ban on transgender forces in the armed services. And he saw the departure of another senior-level White House aide in Sebastian Gorka. Two of Trump’s senior cabinet appointees, meanwhile, Defense Sec. James Mattis and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, distanced themselves from Trump’s response to deadly demonstrations in Charlottesville, Virginia. The mix of emergency response and lingering controversies makes the stakes that much higher for Trump’s Tuesday trip to Texas. The president reaffirmed today he will travel to the storm ravaged state with first lady Melania Trump. Air Force One will steer clear of Houston, where rescue efforts are still under way. It is also an opportunity for Trump to show leadership and produce the sort of “moment” that defined other presidencies. Meanwhile, the effects of Harvey — and it’s effect on Houston and in its vibrant, energy economy — are likely to linger for months, if not years. Thousands remain stranded and water in the nation’s fourth largest city continues to rise. Elsewhere in President Trump’s orbit: RUSSIAN BACK: An array of developments about Russia today: The Washington Post reported that the Trump Organization was actively trying to build a Trump Tower in Moscow during the presidential campaign and sought help from Russian President Vladimir Putin’s orbit. COHEN COPS: Trump’s personal lawyer, Michael Cohen, admitted to talking with Putin aides about the project. FELIX A LONG SHOT:The New York Times reports an associate of Trump’s, Felix Sater, boasted that getting the project in Moscow to move forward would get him elected and that he could get Putin’s backing. FREEDOM TO DISASSEMBLE: The U.S. is moving forward with plans to reduce its footprint at the U.N. General Assembly. It’s a move that coincides with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson’s overall move to cut the country’s diplomatic footprint globally. BOLTON THE DOOR: Former U.N. Ambassador John Bolton, once mentioned as a possible secretary of state, wrote in an op-ed in the National Review that he can no longer get a meeting with Trump. SNAP DECISIONS: President Trump is frustrated with a lot of aspects of White House life but seems to cherish one perk — the Oval Office photo op. THANKS, OBAMA: President Trump’s most popular Cabinet secretary is VA Sec. David Shulkin who has cut through red tape and dramatically improved the agencies ability to do its work. There you have it. You’re caught up on the Trump administration. That was Monday. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
A real-time rendering library
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Nine.Graphics.sln
README.md Update README.md Jun 25, 2016
appveyor.yml
README.md
Nine.Graphics Build status
This project is still a work in progress, a lot of things are not implemented yet.
Nine.Graphics is an open source graphics framework for building games and applications that takes advance of modern graphics hardware. It is the successor of Engine Nine.
With Nine.Graphics we are making a number of architectual changes that makes the core foundational graphics framework much leaner and more moduler:
Cross-Platform Runtime
Nine.Graphics targets .NET core and DNX as the .NET runtime environment, the graphics stack sits directly on top of OpenTK(OpenGL managed invoker) and SharpDX(DirectX managed invoker), making it capable of running on Windows, Linux, Mac, iOS and Android.
Modern Interactive Development
Traditionally, programs are developed using the Edit -> Compile -> Run loop, Nine.Graphics takes advantage of dynamic compilation provided by Roslyn to streamline developer experience, each time a change is made to the source code, the application automatically refresh itself with the execution state preserved. You gain the productivity of an interpreted language without sacrificing the benifits of a compiled language.
The content pipeline is build directly into the runtime, so changes to assets are watched and automatically reloaded without the need to rebuild and rerun the whole program.
Multi-threaded Architecture
Nine.Graphics makes it easy to write correct multi-threaded programs that separates simulation and rendering into different threads at large scale. The rendering pipeline itself also takes advantage of multi-threaded rendering whenever possible to reduce frame time.
Immutable Data Driven and Pure Functions
The core rendering API is exposed though an immutable struct object model, the rendering pipeline is simply a function that takes this immutable object state, performs a series of pure data transforms to generate triangles and commands with no side effects, then submit those commands to the GPU to produce a predictable image. This makes it easy to write parallel code that separates simulation and rendering.
nextState = update(state)
draw(state)
Because states are immutable and complete, it is a lot simpler for the rendering system to batch operations whenever possible, which yields better performance.
Serializable
The object models are all flat POCOs, the fields only expose basic primitive types and equivalents, with no nested objects or complex reference graph, making it extreamly easy to integrate with any binary or text serializers.
Flexible and Extensible
Nine.Graphics is written with dependency injection in mind, just about every interface or functionality can be dependency injected and replaced with a custom implementation. Most of the classes exposed are dependency injection friendly and can be used directly with major IoC containers. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Jun 18, 2010
Optimize windows startup, speed up the time startup time
When Windows starts up it automatically loads a number of programs, many of which you may not need. As you install more and more programs, this list can continue to grow. The following guide can help you improve your computer's startup times by decreasing the number of startup programs. This will be done be disabling certain programs from running as windows starts up.
Windows XP
Here are simple steps to Disable Programs at Startup in XP.
1. Click on Start then Run
2. Type "msconfig" and click OK. (This will bring up System Configuration Utility.)
3. In the System Configuration Utility, Click the tab called Startup.
4. Now you can uncheck any programs that you do not want running at Windows XP startup.
5. Once you are done unchecking programs, Click Okay. You will be prompted to restart your computer at this point.
You can look up programs on google to find out what the program is and if you want to disable it or not. As an example, I disabled yahoo messenger, steam (games application), Google talk and iTunesHelper.
Windows Vista/7
Here are simple steps to Disable Programs at Startup in Vista with the System Configuration Utility.
1. Open up msconfig (use Vista/7 Start Menu's Instant Search feature: just press the Windows key and type 'System' and the hit return).
2. Click the Startup tab.
3. Now you can uncheck any programs that you do not want running at Windows Vista startup and hit OK.
To disable auto-start applications with Windows Defender:
1. Open up Windows Defender.
2. Click on "Tools" in the top menu bar.
3. Click on "Software Explorer".
4. Hit "Show for All Users".
5. Select an application and then click either Remove or Disable.
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Warnings 'No nodes found in project data' and 'Mesh generation: not ok'
Details of Warnings 'No nodes found in project data' and 'Mesh generation: not ok'
• Module code ESA1306
• Software
• SCIA Engineer
• FAQ topic
If the warning message 'No nodes found in project data!' or 'Mesh generation: not ok' appears when starting a calculation, it means that the solver does not recognize any nodes to take into account for the calculation. This can have different causes – so different solutions are proposed.
In case the SCIA Engineer project has been exported via Main menu > File > Export to > Project (ESA), you might get this message when starting a calculation.
The solution is then to go to the Main menu > Tools > Cleaner, and select there the options ‘Results’ and ‘Universal Data Storage (temporary data)':
After using this Cleaner tool, the calculation will start without the error message.
If the message 'There are some layers "Structural data only" in project. Do you want to continue?' appeared when starting a calculation just before the message 'No nodes found in project data!' appeared, it probably means that all members are located in a layer with as property ‘Structural model only’. This means that not any member (nor node) is taken into account for the calculation.
The solution is to simply deselect the option ‘Structural model only’:
Note: Of course you are allowed to indicate some layers as ‘Structural model only’. The members in those layers might be visible on the screen (if the option ‘Current used activity’ is selected), but are not taken into account for the calculation. Therefore a warning message is shown when starting a calculation. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Home Books-Study Online Materia Medica
SANICULA PDF Print E-mail
Materia Medica by Allen
SANICULA
(sanic)
MINERAL SPRING WATER
Dread of downward motion (Bor.).
Child headstrong, obstinate, cries and kicks; cross. irritable, quickly alternates with laughter; does not want to be touched.
Constantly changing his occupation.
Head and neck of children sweat profusely during sleep; wets the pillow far around (Cal., Sil.).
Profuse, scaly dandruff on scalp, eyebrows, in the beard.
Soreness behind ears with discharge of white, gray, viscid fluid (Graph., Psor.).
Tongue: large, flabby; burning, must protrude it to keep it cool; ring-worm on tongue (Nat. m.).
Nausea and vomiting from car or carriage riding.
Thirst; drinks little and often; is vomited as soon as it reaches the stomach (Ars., Phos.).
Symptoms constantly changing (Lac c, Puis.).
Incontinence of urine and faeces; sphincter unreliable (Aloe) ; urging from flatus, must cross legs to prevent faeces escaping.
Constipation: no desire until a large accumulation; after great straining stool partially expelled, recedes (Sil., Thuja); large evacuation of small dry, gray balls, must be removed mechanically (Sel.).
Stool: hard, impossible to evacuate; of grayish-white balls, like burnt lime; crumbling from verge of anus (Mag. m.) ; with the odor of limburger cheese.
Diarrhoea: changeable in character and color; like scrambled eggs; frothy, grass-green, turns green on standing; like scum of a frog pond; after eating, must hurry from table.
The odor of stool follows despite bathing (Sulph.).
Excoriation of skin about anus (Sulph.) ; covering perineum and extending to genitals.
Leucorrhcea with strong odor of fish brine (oozing from rectum smelling like herring brine, Cal.; fish brine discharge from ear, Tel.).
Weakness, bearing down as if contents of pelvis would escape; < walking, misstep, or jar, > by rest, lying down; desire to support parts by placing hand against uvula (Lil., Mur.); soreness of uterus.
Foot-sweat: between the toes, making them sore; offensive (Graph., Psor., Sil.) ; on soles as if he had stepped in cold water.
Burning of soles of feet; must uncover or put them in a cool place (Lach., Med., Sang., Sulph.).
Child kicks off clothing even in coldest weather (Hep., Sulph.).
Emaciation, progressive; CHILD LOOKS OLD, DIRTY, GREASY AND BROIVNISH; skin about neck WRINKLED, HANGS IN FOLDS (Abrot, Iod., Nat. m., Sars.).
Relations
Related to: Abrot., Alum., Bor., Cal., Graph., Nat. m., Sil., and others of our great anti-psorics.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Michael Phelps' 1995 100-meter butterfly record beaten by 'Superman' 10-year-old boy
close Video 10-year-old swimmer beats record Michael Phelps held for 23 years 10-year-old swimmer Clark Kent Apuada from California broke a swimming record in the 100-meter butterfly that Olympic legend Michael Phelps set 23 years ago. A 10-year-old boy named Clark Kent Apuada recently beat a record set by Olympic gold medalist Michael Phelps in 1995. On Sunday, Apuada swam at the Far West International Swimming Championship in California. When he swam the 100-meter butterfly, he finished the event with a time of 1:09:38 — just barely faster than the time of 1:10:48 Phelps swam 23 years ago at the same meet, the Salinas Aquatic Center announced in a Facebook post on Saturday. TIGER WOODS TO BATTLE PHIL MICKELSON IN DREAM ONE-ON-ONE MATCH OVER THANKSGIVING, REPORT SAYS "Most people just call me Clark, but now, when I beat Michael Phelps&apos record, they start calling me Superman," the boy told CBS News, adding that he reminded himself before the swim meet that if “[he] had positive thoughts, positive things would happen.” Phelps took to Twitter to congratulate Apuada. UFC FIGHTER REVEALS HE WAS IN STREET FIGHT IN NEW YORK CITY, SUFFERED SEVERAL LACERATIONS “Big congrats to #clarkkent for smashing that meet record!!! Keep it up dude !! #dreambig,” Phelps wrote. Apuada also placed first in the six other events he swam in over the weekend, according to CBS News. He has only been swimming competitively for four years. When he&aposs out of the pool, Apuada reportedly keeps himself busy with martial arts and piano lessons. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Wikipedia:Top 25 Report/March 17 to 23, 2019
Most Popular Wikipedia Articles of the Week (March 17 to 23, 2019)
Prepared with commentary by
← Last week's report – Next week's report →
New movies helming the Top 25 Report, no surprise, as the horror film Us pushes down Captain Marvel, which is still bringing along its leading star (#19), its franchise (#15) and the next movie (#21). Theatrical releases only bring one more entry for an upcoming release (#14), as TV and streaming bring along their movies and limited series, regarding people doing stuff that God only knows it's not what we would choose to do, such as kidnapping (#2), fraud (#6), murder (#10), heist (#17), and self-destructive hedonism (#12, #18, #20, #22, #23). The views go up and down, with returning entries on the terrorist attack in New Zealand (#7, #8, #25) and an aspiring presidential candidate (#13), and in the end it's only round and round for topics such as recent deaths (#9), India (#4, #16), holidays (#5), wrestling (#24), and in the latest months, Freddie Mercury (#11), which will appear on the list no matter what.
* Us and them, and after all we're only Wikipedian men
Out of the way, it's a busy day, I've got things on my mind. For the week of March 17 to 23, 2019, the 25 most popular articles on Wikipedia, as determined from the WP:5000 report were:
* {| class="wikitable"
! Rank ! Article ! Class ! Views ! Image ! About
* 1
* Us (2019 film)
* style=text-align:right;|1,632,199
* Couponschaar van Landry & van Till.JPG
* Comedian Jordan Peele is still strong in his shift to horror, following Get Out (whose script won Peele an Oscar) by writing and directing the story of a family being visited by doppelgängers clad in red with murderous intentions. This intriguing premise managed to beat the sophomore slump, earning an impreessive 95% critic approval on Rotten Tomatoes, while attracting droves of filmgoers - including this here writer, who approves the film even if Get Out was better - to make it #1 in the box office with $71 million.
* 2
* Disappearance of Madeleine McCann
* style=text-align:right;|1,338,648
* Tributes2.jpg
* In 2007, a British family vacationing in Portugal had three year old daughter Madeleine suddenly vanish from her room. Everything is still unsolved to this day, as detailed by a Netflix eight-part documentary series, The Disappearance of Madeleine McCann. Hope one day this mystery gets a conclusion, instead of finishing the most depressing way possible.
* 3
* Captain Marvel (film)
* style=text-align:right;|1,280,692
* Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck at the Pentagon 4.jpg
* Us took the top spot of both the U.S. box office and our Report from the 21st Marvel Cinematic Universe film, and first female-fronted. Just like Wonder Woman, it's a period piece centered around a superpowered woman discovering the human world. The success has also been comparable, if not bigger, as the adventures of Carol Danvers should break $1 billion in the worldwide box office very soon.
* 4
* Manohar Parrikar
* style=text-align:right;|1,124,518
* 160829-D-SK590-691.JPG<PHONE_NUMBER>0) Crop.jpg
* Been a while since an Indian subject brought so many views, and the cause is a sad one: the Chief Minister of Goa died at the age of 63 from a pancreatic cancer.
* 5
* Saint Patrick's Day
* style=text-align:right;|1,024,573
* Les Gilets Jaunes<PHONE_NUMBER>4).jpg
* 17 March is the feast day of Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, leading people all over the world to celebrate the Emerald Isle by overusing the color green and buying some Guinness.
* 6
* Elizabeth Holmes
* style=text-align:right;|946,669
* [[File:Elizabeth Holmes at a Nuclear nonproliferation discussion in 2013 - 130417-D-NI589-107 (cropped).jpg|left|100px]]
* HBO released documentary The Inventor: Out for Blood in Silicon Valley, about this entrepreneur who seemed to be the female Steve Jobs in that she emerged from Silicon Valley wearing black turtlenecks and was raising billions for revolutionary technology - only instead of computers it was health care, with the most lauded breakthrough of Holmes' Theranos being blood tests that only needed very small amounts of blood. But all turned out to be a huge fraud, leading Holmes to lose her money and her reputation, and now she's even threatened to go to jail.
* 7
* Christchurch mosque shootings
* style=text-align:right;|910,872
* Canterbury_Mosque_12_June_2006_(adjusted_levels).jpg
* rowspan="2"|An armed maniac broke into a New Zealand mosque and killed 50 people, showing that for all the bad Muslim extremists have caused, that's no excuse for other followers of this faith to be targeted by White supremacy and Islamophobia. The country's Prime Minister has been praised for how she's handled the aftermath, announcing a period of national mourning, visiting Christchurch to meet first responders and families of the victims, and promising to introduce stronger firearms regulations.
* 8
* Jacinda Ardern
* style=text-align:right;|859,105
* Jacinda_Ardern_in_Dunedin.jpg
* 9
* Deaths in 2019
* style=text-align:right;|737,293
* A woodcutter shows Death his pile of wood. Mezzotint. Wellcome V0042169.jpg
* For long you live and high you fly But only if you ride the tide And balanced on the biggest wave You race towards an early grave
* 10
* Murder of Dee Dee Blanchard
* style=text-align:right;| 720,909
* Joey King on KidsPickFlicks.jpg
* Hulu released The Act, where Joey King (pictured) plays Gypsy Rose Blanchard, who back in 2015 got along with an online boyfriend to kill her abusing mother (portrayed by Patricia Arquette), who spent 24 years fabricating illness and disabilities on Gypsy Rose, subjecting her to unnecessary medication and surgery.
* 11
* Freddie Mercury
* style=text-align:right;|710,697
* Freddie Mercury performing in New Haven, CT, November 1977 cropped.jpg
* Six whole months with the Queen frontman never leaving our list. Crazy... Stone Cold Crazy, you know!
* 12
* Mötley Crüe
* style=text-align:right;|669,362
* Motley Crue -DSC 1174- 8.29.12<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* Few bands had such an unbelievable "sex, drugs & rock n' roll" lifestyle as this hair metal group, which made them ripe for a biopic. Netflix agreed, and adapted the Crüe's autobiography into The Dirt.
* 13
* Beto O'Rourke
* style=text-align:right;|625,703
* Beto O'Rourke in Austin 2 (cropped).jpg
* A politician from the American Texas Democratic Party and former punk rocker, who announced his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in 2020, and raised $6.1 million in campaign funds in his first 24 hours in the race. Still, the fact that he lost his Texas Senate race to the distinctly un-charismatic Ted Cruz and said, when asked by Vanity Fair why he wanted to be President, "I want to be in it; man, I'm just born to be in it," has led to some backlash from the true opposition, late night comedians.
* 14
* Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
* style=text-align:right;|617,037
* Quentin Tarantino Césars 2014 3.jpg
* A trailer has been released for the next Quentin Tarantino film, set in 1969 Hollywood and showing the changing film industry (and presumably the Tate murders, as all the involved parties are present in the character list).
* 15
* List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films
* style=text-align:right;|581,089
* Avengers Infinity War cosplayers<PHONE_NUMBER>4).jpg
* The 21 superhero adaptations, most recently our #3, that basically gave Marvel Studios a license to print money. And two more come out this year, our #21 and Spider-Man: Far from Home.
* 16
* Holi
* style=text-align:right;|558,408
* Festiwal Kolorów, Auto Stop Race 2015 Chalkidiki.jpg
* Every March there is this Hindu festival whose best known celebration has people soiling each other with colourful stuff.
* 17
* Triple Frontier (film)
* style=text-align:right;|511,508
* Ben Affleck in 2017 by Gage Skidmore.jpg
* Shortly after a limited theatrical release, Netflix made available for streaming this action thriller where Ben Affleck (pictured) is one of a group of ex-Special Ops soldiers who go to the Amazonian triple frontier to steal from a crime lord.
* 18
* Nikki Sixx
* style=text-align:right;|500,910
* Motley Crue Sydney Entertainment Centre<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* The bassist and main songwriter of our #12, whose most outrageous thing is that in one of his many drug overdoses, he temporarily died before an adrenalin shot. And made a song out of it! In The Dirt, Sixx is portrayed by Douglas Booth.
* A politician from the American Texas Democratic Party and former punk rocker, who announced his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in 2020, and raised $6.1 million in campaign funds in his first 24 hours in the race. Still, the fact that he lost his Texas Senate race to the distinctly un-charismatic Ted Cruz and said, when asked by Vanity Fair why he wanted to be President, "I want to be in it; man, I'm just born to be in it," has led to some backlash from the true opposition, late night comedians.
* 14
* Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
* style=text-align:right;|617,037
* Quentin Tarantino Césars 2014 3.jpg
* A trailer has been released for the next Quentin Tarantino film, set in 1969 Hollywood and showing the changing film industry (and presumably the Tate murders, as all the involved parties are present in the character list).
* 15
* List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films
* style=text-align:right;|581,089
* Avengers Infinity War cosplayers<PHONE_NUMBER>4).jpg
* The 21 superhero adaptations, most recently our #3, that basically gave Marvel Studios a license to print money. And two more come out this year, our #21 and Spider-Man: Far from Home.
* 16
* Holi
* style=text-align:right;|558,408
* Festiwal Kolorów, Auto Stop Race 2015 Chalkidiki.jpg
* Every March there is this Hindu festival whose best known celebration has people soiling each other with colourful stuff.
* 17
* Triple Frontier (film)
* style=text-align:right;|511,508
* Ben Affleck in 2017 by Gage Skidmore.jpg
* Shortly after a limited theatrical release, Netflix made available for streaming this action thriller where Ben Affleck (pictured) is one of a group of ex-Special Ops soldiers who go to the Amazonian triple frontier to steal from a crime lord.
* 18
* Nikki Sixx
* style=text-align:right;|500,910
* Motley Crue Sydney Entertainment Centre<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* The bassist and main songwriter of our #12, whose most outrageous thing is that in one of his many drug overdoses, he temporarily died before an adrenalin shot. And made a song out of it! In The Dirt, Sixx is portrayed by Douglas Booth.
* style=text-align:right;|511,508
* Ben Affleck in 2017 by Gage Skidmore.jpg
* Shortly after a limited theatrical release, Netflix made available for streaming this action thriller where Ben Affleck (pictured) is one of a group of ex-Special Ops soldiers who go to the Amazonian triple frontier to steal from a crime lord.
* 18
* Nikki Sixx
* style=text-align:right;|500,910
* Motley Crue Sydney Entertainment Centre<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* The bassist and main songwriter of our #12, whose most outrageous thing is that in one of his many drug overdoses, he temporarily died before an adrenalin shot. And made a song out of it! In The Dirt, Sixx is portrayed by Douglas Booth.
* Motley Crue Sydney Entertainment Centre<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* The bassist and main songwriter of our #12, whose most outrageous thing is that in one of his many drug overdoses, he temporarily died before an adrenalin shot. And made a song out of it! In The Dirt, Sixx is portrayed by Douglas Booth.
* 19
* Brie Larson
* style=text-align:right;|498,194
* Brie Larson, December 2018.jpg
* "Hello again, friend of a friend". And the career high of Brianne Sidonie Desaulniers, star of our #3, is apparently making YouTube bring to proeminence her attempt at becoming a pop singer, if the rising views here say anything (make sure to check the comments, with hilarious stuff such as "This is exactly why the Kree took her and erase her memories", "I can’t believe Captain Marvel assaulted Napoleon Dynamite", and "Can we have a Captain Marvel fight scene in [#21] with this song playing in the background?").
* 20
* Vince Neil
* style=text-align:right;|486,742
* Mötley Crüe (4).jpg
* The lead singer of our #12, whose most infamous incident had him causing the death of another musician by driving drunk. In The Dirt, he's portrayed by Daniel Webber.
* 21
* Avengers: Endgame
* style=text-align:right;|459,901
* The_avengers_logo.png
* On April 26, whoever was left from Avengers: Infinity War, plus two absences from that movie and the newly introduced heroine from our #3, will try to fix the fact that the villain won and half the life of the universe died as a result.
* 22
* Mick Mars
* style=text-align:right;|459,366
* Motley Crue -DSC 1262- 8.29.12<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* rowspan=2|Completing our #12, the guitarist who in an exception for most bands is probably the least famous member (helps that in spite of memorable riffs such as "Dr. Feelgood", he's no Slash), and the drummer, a total party animal most infamous for a marriage to Pamela Anderson that is eternized in a sex tape. The former is portrayed in the Netflix film by Iwan Rheon (who in a show full of evil people, played one of the worst), and the latter by Colson Baker, better known as Machine Gun Kelly.
* 23
* Tommy Lee
* style=text-align:right;|448,110
* Tommy Lee - drums.jpg
* 24
* WrestleMania 35
* style=text-align:right;|440,248
* WWE Wrestlemania Sign II<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* This wrestling event will only happen on April 7, yet anticipation seems to be pretty high.
* 25
* New Zealand
* style=text-align:right;|438,934
* Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg
* Middle-Earth had many wars, but the country that depicted it on screen is a pretty peaceful nation. This makes the terrorist attack at #7 even worse.
* }
* 24
* WrestleMania 35
* style=text-align:right;|440,248
* WWE Wrestlemania Sign II<PHONE_NUMBER>).jpg
* This wrestling event will only happen on April 7, yet anticipation seems to be pretty high.
* 25
* New Zealand
* style=text-align:right;|438,934
* Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg
* Middle-Earth had many wars, but the country that depicted it on screen is a pretty peaceful nation. This makes the terrorist attack at #7 even worse.
* }
* Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg
* Middle-Earth had many wars, but the country that depicted it on screen is a pretty peaceful nation. This makes the terrorist attack at #7 even worse.
* }
Exclusions
* This list excludes the Wikipedia main page, non-article pages (such as redlinks), and anomalous entries (such as DDoS attacks or likely automated views). Since mobile view data became available to the Report in October 2014, we exclude articles that have almost no mobile views (5–6% or less) or almost all mobile views (94–95% or more) because they are very likely to be automated views based on our experience and research of the issue. Please feel free to discuss any removal on the talk page if you wish.
* Kayden Boche: no reasonable explanation for this model's high views.
* Note: If you came here from the Signpost article, please take any discussion of exclusions to this article's talk page. | WIKI |
Possible sources of magnetic anomalies over thermally metamorphosed carbonate rocks of the Mottled Zone in Israel
Boris Khesin, Shimon Feinstein, Sophia Itkis
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
7 Scopus citations
Abstract
Considerable natural remanent magnetization of the calcareous rocks in the Mottled Zone, Israel, is commonly related to surface combustion metamorphism. The vector sum of inductive and remanent magnetization (effective magnetization) was determined based on a study of the magnetic properties of rocks and interpretation of T (the modulus of geomagnetic field vector) and ΔZ (the increment of vertical component of geomagnetic field) anomalies. Ground multiscale magnetic measurements indicate that the high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Mottled Zone, which have a spotty distribution, are characterized by extensive variations in magnetic fields and susceptibility, with a median value of ∼200 × 10 -5 SI. This magnetic pattern is similar to other areas of combustion metamorphism. Low-temperature hydrothermal rocks have a relatively homogeneous magnetic susceptibility with the same median value. Relatively homogeneous and moderate magnetization also was observed in some outcrops of the Mishash Formation, which underlies the Mottled Zone rocks. Highgrade metamorphism and locally varying magnetization may be due to the burning of gases. The local aeromagnetic maxima observed within the Hatrurim Basin and quantitative interpretation of some magnetic anomalies suggest magnetic sources with relatively homogeneous and stable magnetization and greater area and depth. The formation of such bodies requires a regional source for magnetization processes (e.g., gas flow from depth along faults). A more detailed study, including a helicopter survey and special ground and laboratory analyses, must be performed for a complete characterization of the complex magnetic system.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)177-197
Number of pages21
JournalGSA Reviews in Engineering Geology
Volume18
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2007
Keywords
• Bitumen burning
• Diverse magnetic sources
• Gas flow
• Magnetic anomalies
• Metamorphosed rocks
• Mottled Zone
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
• Earth-Surface Processes
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Battle of Jutas
The Battle of Jutas (Juuttaan taistelu, Slaget vid Jutas) was fought on Tuesday, 13 September 1808 between Swedish and Russian troops south of Nykarleby in Ostrobothnia, Finland. Before the battle the Swedish army was in retreat after the campaign of the previous summer. The main Swedish force was retreating from Vaasa to Nykarleby. The Russians sent a force to cut off the Swedish retreat. In response the Swedes sent a force under Georg Carl von Döbeln to intercept them. The battle ended in a Swedish victory, but the main Swedish army was beaten in the Battle of Oravais the very next day.
The battle is described in Johan Ludvig Runeberg's epic poem Döbeln at Jutas. | WIKI |
Daxu, Zhejiang
Daxu is a town in Xiangshan County, Zhejiang Province, China. , it administers the following 24 villages:
* Daxu Village
* Jiatiannong Village (甲田弄村)
* Tangjiadian Village (汤家店村)
* Xiangsiling Village (相思岭村)
* Daleitou Village (大磊头村)
* Huangpen'ao Village (黄盆岙村)
* Linshan'ao Village (林善岙村)
* Houlin Village (后林村)
* Zhangjianong Village (章家弄村)
* Yalinxi Village (雅林溪村)
* Xia'ao Village (下岙村)
* Shang'ao Village (上岙村)
* Xinluo'ao Village (新罗岙村)
* Huxiaopu Village (虎啸铺村)
* Xiayu'ao Village (夏雨岙村)
* Likaokeng Village (里考坑村)
* Haikou Village (海口村)
* Sanjiaodi Village (三角地村)
* Andong Village (安东村)
* Tazhuang Village (塔幢村)
* Xiayuan Village (下院村)
* Shanmuyang Village (杉木洋村)
* Chenshan Village (陈山村)
* Tieshi Village (铁拾村) | WIKI |
How to find test points assigned to a particular person
Here is a code snippet which you can use to find test points assigned to a particular person. # Load Client Assembly [Reflection.Assembly]::Load(“Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client, Version=11.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a”); [Reflection.Assembly]::Load(“Microsoft.TeamFoundation.TestManagement.Client, Version=11.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a”); [Reflection.Assembly]::Load(“Microsoft.TeamFoundation.TestManagement.Common, Version=11.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a”); # Define parameters $tfsCollectionUrl = “http://myserver:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection”; $projectName = "DefaultProject"; $planId = "1"; $userDisplayName = "Aseem Bansal"; # Connect to tfs…
0
How to write a custom test management event listener?
In couple of my previous posts, I talked about what are the important events raised by test management service and how code for one such event listener looks like. In this post, I will talk about what exact steps I did to write my test management event listener. In case you are interested in writing…
1
How to find the action recording associated with the test?
I was looking at this question on the MTM forum and wanted to find out answers for following 2 questions. How can a user find out whether an action recording is associated with a test or not? How can a user delete the associated action recording? For #1, I coded a small power-shell script which…
3
Power-shell script to find test points for a particular suite/config
One of my customer is running into an issue while customizing his BDT workflow and to debug the issue, I have just now created a power-shell script which lists down the test points belonging to a particular suite/configuration. Since I have not seen any power-shell script on this till now (probably because of the issue…
0
A test run must be created with at-least one test case
I was trying to run an automated test using TCM.exe and the executable was failing with a message saying “A test run must be created with at-least one test case.” On looking at the code, I found why it is failing and what should I do to come out of this error. Later on I…
0
How to find the test controllers registered with Team foundation server 2012?
Here are the steps you should follow to achieve this. Copy the following contents to a power shell script file (say fqdn.ps1) # Load the binaries [Reflection.Assembly]::Load(“Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client, Version=11.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a”); [Reflection.Assembly]::Load(“Microsoft.TeamFoundation.TestManagement.Client, Version=11.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a”); # Connect to Tfs $tfsCollectionUrl = “http://myserver:8080/tfs/mycollection”; $tfsCollection = [Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client.TfsTeamProjectCollectionFactory]::GetTeamProjectCollection($tfsCollectionUrl); $tcmService = $tfsCollection.GetService([Microsoft.TeamFoundation.TestManagement.Client.ITestManagementService]); # Query for test controllers $testControllers =…
0
The build cannot be assigned to the test plan
One of the customer reported a problem saying that whenever he is trying to assign a build to the test plan in MTM, the assignment fails with error “Build XXX cannot be found”. On investigations, Nipun from the team found that it was failing because the customer was not using the default permissions and the…
0
BuildShadowTask fails with error C:Program Files (x86)MSBuildMicrosoftVisualStudiov10.0TeamTestMicrosoft.TeamTest.targets (14): Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
I have seen customers running into this problem once in a while where they mention that their build is failing intermittently with the following error. C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v10.0\TeamTest\Microsoft.TeamTest.targets (14): Object reference not set to an instance of an object. Here is what I typically suggest to those customers. This error is observed during the compilation…
1 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Guideforperplexed.djvu/361
instances to which these arguments refer, only the end and not the beginning ought to be taken into account. The following is a description of these reflections (Ps. lxxiii. 11, seq.): "And they say, How does God know? and is there knowledge in the Most High? Behold, these are the ungodly who prosper in the world; they increase in riches. Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands in innocency." He then continues, "When I thought to know this, it was too painful for me, until I went into the sanctuary of God then understood I their end. Surely thou didst set them in slippery places thou castedst them down into destruction. How are they brought into desolation, as in a moment! They are utterly consumed with terrors." The very same ideas have also been expressed by the prophet Malachi, for he says thus (Mal. iii. 13-18): "Your words have been stout against me, saith the Lord. As you have said, It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept his ordinance, and that we have walked mournfully before the Lord of hosts? And now we can the proud happy; yea, they that work wickedness are set up: yea, they that tempt God are even delivered. Then they that feared the Lord spake often one to another, etc. Then shall ye return and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not." David likewise shows how general this view was in his time, and how it led and caused people to sin and to oppress one another. At first he argues against this theory, and then he declares that God is omniscient. He says as follows:--"They slay the widow and the stranger, and murder the fatherless. Yet they say, The Lord shall not see, neither shall the God of Jacob regard it. Understand, ye brutish among the people, and ye fools, when will you be wise? He that planted the ear, shall he not hear? He that formed the eye, shall he not see? He that chastiseth nations, shall not he correct? or he that teacheth man knowledge?" I will now show you the meaning of these arguments, but first I will point out how the opponents to the words of the Prophets misunderstood this passage. Many years ago some intelligent co-religionists--they were physicians-told me that they were surprised at the words of David; for it would follow from his arguments that the Creator of the mouth must eat and the Creator of the lungs must cry; the same applies to all other organs of our body. You who study this treatise of mine, consider how grossly they misunderstood David's arguments. Hear now what its true meaning is: He who produces a vessel must have had in his mind an idea of the use of that instrument, otherwise he could not have produced it. If, e.g., the smith had not formed an idea of sewing and possessed a knowledge of it, the needle would not have had the form so indispensable for sewing. The same is the case with all instruments. When some philosopher thought that God, whose perception is purely intellectual, has no knowledge of individual things, which are perceivable only by the senses, David takes his argument from the existence of the senses, and argues thus:--If the sense of sight had been utterly unknown to God, how could He have produced that organ of the sense of sight? Do you think that it was by chance that a transparent humour was formed, and then another humour with certain similar properties, and besides a membrane which by accident had a hole covered with a hardened transparent substance? in short, considering the humour of the eye, its membranes and nerves, | WIKI |
A fitness fad that’s swept over France, has just landed stateside.
Vain Glorious | Aqua Spin Classes
Aqua spinning, the fitness fad that’s swept over France, has just landed stateside with the newly opened Aqua Studio in TriBeCa. As the name implies, there are elements taken from traditional spinning — fat-blasting and calorie-burning moves, upbeat soundtracks, and friendly (but firm) instructors — but there are also benefits that only exercising in water can boast. For starters, there’s the draw of a low-impact, high-resistance workout. The water supports your body weight and reduces stress on joints while generating resistance, which encourages your legs to move in a safe and controlled manner. Devotees also claim that aqua spinning can help smooth dimpled thighs. Aqua Studio’s founder Esther Gauthier, a French expat, says, “Moving in water generates a natural massage that drains the lymphatic system and improves the appearance of cellulite.” But most important, being in the water is simply fun. There’s something about throwing on a bathing suit and splashing in water that takes the typical emotional edge off of exercising: your muscles are getting a serious workout, while your mind feels buoyant and light. After my first session, I felt rejuvenated and energized, not wiped out (like I do after an intense run), and left the studio with a spring in my step. Sorry, guys: for the moment, Aqua Studio is for the ladies only. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Appeals Court Upholds Delay Of Obama's Executive Action On Immigration | HuffPost
A federal appeals court on Monday agreed to keep on hold President Barack Obama's executive order on immigration -- nearly a year after he announced it as a backstop measure to Congress' failure to enact comprehensive immigration reform. The divided, 124-page ruling deals a blow to the administration's Deferred Action for Parental Accountability program, known as DAPA, and there may be just enough time for a formal appeal to the Supreme Court to be resolved ahead of the 2016 election. In ruling against the government, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit largely agreed with a lower court judge, who in February issued a nationwide injunction that effectively stopped DAPA from taking effect, and concurred that Texas and other states that sued the president over the program had legal standing to challenge its constitutionality in federal court. The appeals court accepted Texas' argument that an expansion of immigration relief to include a wider class of undocumented immigrants would cause the state to incur significant costs in issuing driver's licenses to DAPA beneficiaries -- a basic harm requirement for any litigant seeking standing to sue. If permitted to go into effect, DAPA would enable at least 500,000 illegal aliens in Texas to satisfy that requirement with proof of lawful presence or employment authorization, wrote U.S. Circuit Judge Jerry Smith for the 2-to-1 appeals court. Texas subsidizes its licenses and would lose a minimum of $130.89 on each one it issued to a DAPA beneficiary. Even a modest estimate would put the loss at several million dollars. The court rejected the federal government's argument that extending relief to a wide swath of immigrants would offset the injury to the state by bringing in increased tax revenue and other benefits. A study by the Center for American Progress estimated DAPA, if implemented, would benefit up to 3.7 million individuals. Once an injury is shown, no attempt is made to ask whether the injury is outweighed by benefits the plaintiff has enjoyed from the relationship with the defendant, Smith reasoned. Standing is recognized to complain that some particular aspect of the relationship is unlawful and has caused injury. Writing in dissent, Judge Carolyn Dineen King questioned whether the court's ruling failed to articulate a standard or a rule that can be applied by lawyers and judges in future cases, and compared it to a railway ticket decision -- good only for this day and season. Today's decision is either just such a 'railway ticket' ... or a broad, new-fangled concept of state standing with little instruction going forward, King wrote. King also took issue with the court's untimeliness in deciding the case, which potentially affects the administration's ability to appeal to the Supreme Court. I have a firm and definite conviction that a mistake has been made, she wrote. That mistake has been exacerbated by the extended delay that has occurred in deciding this 'expedited' appeal. There is no justification for that delay. Based on how the high court accepts and decides cases on appeal, advocates and experts have warned that undue delays from the 5th Circuit would foreclose administration lawyers from appealing the ruling in time before Obama leaves office -- which in turn leaves the fate of DAPA in the hands of his White House successor. But supporters of Obama's immigration policies said there's still time for the Supreme Court to get involved. The Supreme Court recognized just three and a half years ago that a principal feature of the removal system is the broad discretion exercised by immigration officials, including whether it makes sense to pursue removal at all, said a statement from Brianne Gorod, an appellate lawyer with the liberal Constitutional Accountability Center, which filed a brief in the Texas case. The Supreme Court should reaffirm that principle, recognizing that the president's immigration initiative is simply an exercise of that lawful discretion, and allow the program to be implemented immediately. The ruling asserts that the separation of powers remains the law of the land, and the president must follow the rule of law, just like everybody else, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton said in a statement. Throughout this process, the Obama administration has aggressively disregarded the constitutional limits on executive power, and Texas, leading a charge of 26 states, has secured an important victory to put a halt to the president's lawlessness. For advocates, like the National Immigration Law Center's Maria Hincapi, a swift appeal would bring some ease to those most affected by the uncertainty over the DAPA program. Immigrant families and their U.S. citizen children have been waiting anxiously for the 5th Circuit to rule, Hincapi told Politico. Now, we call on the DOJ to seek [review] before the Supreme Court immediately where we are more likely to obtain justice for our communities. Also on HuffPost: Do you have information you want to share with HuffPost? Here's how. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Pill expiration dates can have wiggle room if stored right
Just how firm are expiration dates on bottles of allergy or pain pills? Probably not as crucial as the "Best By" date on milk cartons.
Medicines are expensive, and amid occasional shortages, some people are tempted to use expired pills.
After all, a pill good till May 31 can't be useless on June 1. The expiration date, typically just one or two years after manufacture, simply shows how long the maker tested the drug's stability by exposing it to extreme temperatures, humidity and light. Drugmakers propose the expiration period when they seek approval from regulators to sell it.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration advises against using expired drugs, warning they may not work as intended or may be harmful, especially for people with serious ailments.
Yet many people, including doctors, use medicines well after expiration.
"I think everybody does," said Dr. Jennifer Lowry, a toxicology expert at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri.
Still, most expired medications get tossed.
"We probably are throwing away $60 to $70 billion a year," estimates Ajaz Hussain, president of the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Technology and Education. Hussain, a former FDA official, said he doesn't hesitate to take expired pills.
Multiple medical groups have urged the FDA to lengthen expiration dates, but the federal agency said it's not sure it has authority to do so. The FDA does provide recommendations for drugmakers to do that voluntarily, but the companies have little financial incentive to do so.
During acute shortages of some medicines, the FDA lets drugmakers extend dates if they have data indicating they're still good. That's happened with this year's shortage of saline solution for hospitals, for a seizure drug last year and during a 2013 shortage of Tamiflu.
Numerous studies on expired, properly stored drugs, mostly pills, have found them fully potent or close, some many years after that date. In one case, unopened bottles of painkillers, antihistamines and other drugs from the 1960s were still very potent when tested a half-century later.
The FDA and Department of Defense jointly run a program that periodically tests batches of antibiotics and other drugs in the national stockpile for potential disease epidemics and chemical attacks. That's repeatedly resulted in yearslong extensions, saving billions of dollars.
Experts tell The Associated Press they know of no cases of patients harmed by taking expired medicines. The exceptions are aspirin and the antibiotic tetracycline, which can deteriorate soon after expiration dates.
But it's hard for consumers to know what's safe and what's risky.
"A year out, I think you're perfectly OK to use the medications," said Dr. Ali Raja, an emergency medicine doctor at Boston's Massachusetts General Hospital.
But experts say don't use expired liquid medicines, insulin and other injected drugs that must be refrigerated. They can break down faster than pills, especially if they aren't kept cold.
Ditto for drugs not properly stored. Medicines kept in areas with high humidity or fluctuating temperatures — like a bathroom cabinet — or left in direct light degrade faster and can lose potency.
Instead, keep them in a cool, dark place, advises Michael Gaino of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
Also, don't put different pills in one bottle, as the chemicals could interact. And don't use discolored, powdered or smelly pills, cloudy liquids or dried creams.
What about EpiPens, the pricey emergency injectors people with severe allergies carry as a precaution? Their shelf life is about a year and a half. But multiple studies have shown their potency declines slowly unless they're exposed to heat or light.
"We know expired EpiPens can work," said Lowry. In a pinch, people should use them and then head to an emergency room, she said. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Opinion | Trump’s ‘Best People’ and Their Dubious Ethics
Editorial President Trump’s White House has been so scandal-plagued that controversies involving cabinet members and other high-level officials that would have been front-page news in any other administration have barely registered in the public consciousness. Where to begin? Trump officials have been accused of wasting taxpayer dollars when they travel for work — or, in the case of one cabinet secretary, when they travel for a work trip-cum-European vacation. Others have appeared to misuse their positions to benefit special interests and political allies. Then there are those who have conscripted family members to help them do their jobs, possibly under the mistaken belief that it takes a village of people with the same last name to run a government department. Perhaps we should not be surprised by these ethical lapses, given that the president himself has little interest in ethical niceties. He has refused to disclose his tax returns or divest businesses that may create conflicts of interest between Mr. Trump the executive and Mr. Trump the president. And he has given his daughter and son-in-law, who have no government experience, plum White House jobs. Here are some of the recent scandals in Trumpland that deserve greater public scrutiny, or even congressional hearings and investigations. MR. FIRST CLASS Scott Pruitt, the champion of fossil fuel interests who is busily trying to destroy the Environmental Protection Agency, and his aides have made the ludicrous argument in recent days that he must fly first class because he is not safe in economy. This has elicited howls of laughter from aviation experts. Mr. Pruitt and his staff have racked up a tab totaling many thousands of dollars for domestic and international trips, including $1,641 for a brief flight from Washington to New York. Mr. Pruitt told The New Hampshire Union Leader that he has to travel in the front of the cabin because people in coach are mean to him. “We’ve reached the point where there’s not much civility in the marketplace, and it’s created, you know, it’s created some issues,” he said. EUROPEAN IDYLL In other travel news, the secretary of the Department of Veterans Affairs, David Shulkin, last week struggled to explain why the government spent $4,000 to fly his wife to Europe so she could accompany him for what was supposed to be a trip to attend a conference on veterans’ issues. Turns out, the happy couple spent nearly half the trip checking out sites like Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen and Buckingham Palace in London. Oh, and they also improperly accepted free tickets to watch a tennis match at Wimbledon, according to the V.A.’s inspector general. Dr. Shulkin said he was repaying the Treasury for the cost of his wife’s ticket, though not before producing an unusual 28-page rebuttal to the inspector general’s report. FAVORITISM AT THE F.C.C. At the Federal Communications Commission, Chairman Ajit Pai is under fire from Democrats in Congress for relaxing rules that restrict how many local TV stations a business can own in one market, weeks before a large conservative broadcaster, Sinclair, announced it was acquiring more stations by buying Tribune Media. The commission denies any wrongdoing, but has refused to respond to members of Congress who have sought information about Mr. Pai’s contacts with Sinclair executives. The Times reported in August that the chairman and his staff met and corresponded with Sinclair several times. Earlier, The New York Post reported that Mr. Trump had met with Sinclair officials and discussed the F.C.C. rules. Clearly, there is nothing to see here. FAMILIAL SUPPORT It is hard to get good help when unemployment is at 4.1 percent. Perhaps that’s why Ben Carson, the secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, saw fit to let his son, Ben Carson Jr., organize a “listening tour” for the secretary in Baltimore, despite warnings from department lawyers that doing so could violate ethics rules. One lawyer wrote in a memo that the son’s involvement could give “the appearance that the secretary may be using his position for his son’s private gain” because his son and his son’s wife might be doing or seeking business with people invited to attend events on the tour, according to The Washington Post. Mr. Carson says that he and his family did nothing wrong and that they were “under attack by the media.” This is hardly a complete list. We haven’t even gotten to the Treasury secretary, Steven Mnuchin, his wife, Louise Linton, and their penchant for traveling on military planes when far cheaper options are available. And there are Trump appointees like Tom Price, the former health and human services secretary, and Brenda Fitzgerald, the former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, who have had to bail out of the administration because of scrutiny they were under for expensive air travel (Mr. Price) and dubious investments (Dr. Fitzgerald). During the election, Mr. Trump said he would stock his administration with “the best people in the world.” That is working out about as well as his promise to turn Trump University students into successful real estate investors. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Interfacial instabilities in a microfluidic Hele-Shaw cell
Michinao Hashimoto, Piotr Garstecki, Howard A. Stone, George M. Whitesides
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
49 Scopus citations
Abstract
This paper describes surfactant-sensitive, dynamic instabilities that occur to aqueous droplets translating in a continuous flow of hexadecane in a microfluidic Hele-Shaw cell (HSC). A very low interfacial tension (on the order of 0.01 mN m-1) between water and hexadecane allowed for deformation of the droplets along the fields of flow and tip-streaming from moving droplets. In the system of water and hexadecane that we investigated, the use of surfactants in both fluids was necessary to achieve interfacial tension sufficiently low for the instabilities to occur. The droplets entering the HSC stretched orthogonally to the main direction of flow into elongated shapes, with aspect ratios greater than ten to one (width to length). These droplets exhibited two types of instabilities. The first included elongation of droplets, and Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities in the stretched droplets. Arrays of these stretched droplets formed three characteristic patterns that depended on the rates of flow of water and hexadecane. The second was driven by the shear stress exerted on the interface between the two fluids by the top and bottom boundaries of the HSC; this instability is named a "shear-driven instability" (SDI). Our observations supported that the SDI - an effect similar to tip-streaming - resulted from a redistribution of surfactants at the interface between the two fluids.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1403-1413
Number of pages11
JournalSoft matter
Volume4
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 30 2008
Externally publishedYes
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
• Chemistry(all)
• Condensed Matter Physics
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Interfacial instabilities in a microfluidic Hele-Shaw cell'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
1890 Michigan gubernatorial election
The 1890 Michigan gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1890. Democratic nominee Edwin B. Winans defeated Republican candidate James M. Turner with 46.18% of the vote.
Candidates
Major party candidates Other candidates
* Edwin B. Winans, Democratic
* James M. Turner, Republican
* Azariah S. Partridge, Prohibition
* Eugene H. Belden, Industrial | WIKI |
Martyr St Ignatius converted to Christianity and eventually became bishop of Antioch. Trajan won several major battles and attributed the victories to benevolence from the gods. Martyr St Ignatius would not deny Christ and thus condemned to be put to death in Rome.
Placed on a ship that headed to Rome after making numerous stops along the south and west coast of the Mediterranean. The prolonged journey gave Ignatius time to address the growing Church in the small sea communities they passed through. He had several followers with him who composed letters to each community.
Well known for the seven letters he wrote on the long journey from Antioch to Rome. He warns them against heretical doctrines, providing them with the solid truths of the Christian faith.
His letters survive and give scholars an excellent window into the state of those early communities, and the shape of the Church’s understanding of important tenets of faith such as the Trinity, the Eucharist, and the Incarnation.
St. Ignatius’ Death
Because the ship carrying him was making its way to Rome so slowly, his followers arrived there ahead of time. Several had friends in high places, and he asked them to not intervene in his case to save him from martyrdom.
Eventually, the ship arrived at Rome, he was hurried to the amphitheater and two lions were set upon him. They killed and consumed him immediately. Only his larger bones remained. | FINEWEB-EDU |
User:Cranegamelia
Greetings,
I was not sure how to navigate to write back to the help desk so I put the e-mail here but when he is referring to someone putting it in the Justin_bieber#Hair Section he is talking about was not part of a hair tour. I am not really sure what the "hair tour" is but I was talking about a separate occurrence where we raised money for the Tsunami in Japan. Can you let me know how I need to proceed to change this?
Thanks, Amy
P.S. The old email is below _____________________________________
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hi: I work with Stone Rose, a men’s fashion line, that recently had an event on Tuesday, March 29 to raise money for the Tsunami victims through Operation USA.
The exciting part of the event was that the hair that Justin Bieber gave to Ellen DeGeneres saying that “I hope it will go to a good cause” and then sold on E-bay for $40,668 was showcased at our event and we allowed people to take pictures with his hair and then suggested a donation. In total we raised $4,000 and we were wondering if there was a way that we could mention this on Justin Bieber’s Wikipedia Page.
I can give you any information that you need. I have provided links below to prove what I have already said.
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Picture-Day-With-Justin-prnews-2453677978.html?x=0&.v=1
http://www.myfoxchattanooga.com/story/14361823/picture-day-with-justin-biebers-40668-hair-hosted-by-stone-rose-mens-apparel-raises-thousands-for-tsunami-victims-in-japan?redirected=true
http://www.soulofmiami.org/2011/03/24/stone-rose-mens-apparel-company-hosts-picture-day-with-justin-biebers-40668-hair-to-raise-money-for-tsunami-victims-in-japan-32911/
http://www.thestreet.com/story/11068786/1/picture-day-with-justin-biebers-40668-hair-hosted-by-stone-rose-mens-apparel-raises-thousands-for-tsunami-victims-in-japan.html
Thanks, Amy Someone added it to Justin_bieber#Hair. Not sure if it is that important, see WP:NOTNEWS CTJF83 20:53, 5 May 2011 (UTC
* You can just go back and edit your talk page. Please click on Justin_Beiber, it is about his actual hair and a mention of ebay is there, it is not about a tour. C T J F 8 3 21:46, 5 May 2011 (UTC) | WIKI |
User:Johnuniq
I have a technical background, mainly connected with computers and programming, and a wide range of interests, spread regrettably thinly. After a few edits as an IP, I made this account, choosing a name that protects privacy but conveys something of my past—the useful uniq utility was required as my first few attempted user names were taken.
Most of my wikitime has involved Lua modules, as outlined in this index. Over a year (September 2012 to December 2013) was needed to develop Module:Convert which is used here and at other Wikipedias. Techo stuff is good, but supporting those who do significant content development is better. Opposing contributions that degrade the project is also useful.
One reward from working on Wikipedia comes from interacting with a wide variety of amazing talent. Why do great contributors edit here? A factor is that humans have evolved to enjoy cooperation and the passing of knowledge to others. Further, Daniel H. Pink has written a very interesting book asserting that rewarding people with payments will only go so far towards motivating them (and in fact, can produce negative effects on productivity). Instead, Pink suggests, the best results occur when people find intrinsic meaning in their work. The three key motivating factors for creative work are autonomy (choice of task and its implementation); mastery (urge to improve performance on a task believed to be worthwhile); and purpose (desire to improve the world). Enabling those factors has resulted in what is seen at Wikipedia. See the RSA animated lecture.
Comments or questions about what I have done are welcome, or if you notice some blunder I have made, please [ tell me].
Tom was kind enough to post the following here, I think to brighten my drab page.
I wrote a module for the Hindi Wikipedia: hi:User:Johnuniq/number
Module:Convert
Pony!
Congratulations! For all your hard work on the hands conversion issue, you have received a pony! Ponies are cute, intelligent, cuddly, friendly (most of the time, though with notable exceptions), promote good will, encourage patience, and enjoy carrots. Treat your pony with respect and he will be your faithful friend! Montanabw (talk) 21:50, 3 January 2014 (UTC) To send a pony or a treat to other wonderful and responsible editors, click here.
ilo:User:Johnuniq
zh:User:Johnuniq
bn:User:Johnuniq
Did you know...
... that I have created a small amount of content?
* Female genital mutilation in India
* Lutheran Trinity Church, East Melbourne • DYK • nom
* Hermann Herlitz • DYK • nom
* Matthias Goethe • DYK • nom
* Driffield, Gloucestershire • stub
I have not (yet!) done any significant GA/FA development but have participated in the featured article process with:
* a small amount of work on Shakespeare authorship question and participation in the FAC with many comments and clean-ups to the article, and was thanked; and
* some minor work at Female genital mutilation and participation in a peer review leading to its FAC and was thanked. | WIKI |
Andee
Andee (born Andrée-Anne Leclerc on November 1, 1990) is a Canadian singer-songwriter from Saint-Jean-Chrysostome, Quebec. She rose to fame as a finalist on the Quebecois singing competition Star Académie before pursuing a solo career in English and signing with Universal Music Canada in 2014. Her debut single, "Never Gone", was released May 19, 2014 and entered the Canadian Hot 100 at No. 94. Her debut studio album, Black and White Heart was released on May 26, 2015. Andee's latest EP, One, Plus One Equals Us, was released on March 26, 2021, under independent label Coalition Music Records.
1990–2012: Career beginnings and Star Académie
Andee started singing in church choirs, and her interest in music evolved into taking singing and guitar lessons, teaching herself piano, and writing her own original music by the age of 11. Andrée-Anne attended Cégep de Drummondville, where she studied pop and jazz vocal studies. At the age of 19, Andrée-Anne toured Thailand and Malaysia with the all-girl pop cover band, Akasha. Soon after returning from her tour in Asia, Andee signed up for the fifth season of the televised Quebec singing competition, Star Académie, where she was one of the top four female finalists. This opportunity led her to working with Sébastien Lefebvre, from the Canadian pop rock band, Simple Plan, and singing on the bilingual versions of the songs "Kiss You Inside Out" by Hedley and "Dum Da Dum" by Shawn Desman, in 2012.
2013–present
In January 2014, Andee signed a deal with Universal Music Canada for her first album, as well as a management contract with Coalition Music. Andee continued to gain more mainstream success, with her song "We Are Gold" being used as a musical feature during the CBC's coverage of the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics. Her first single, "Never Gone", was released on May 19, 2014, and the official French and English music videos followed on VEVO on June 26, 2014. "Never Gone" peaked at the number 40 spot on Billboard's Canadian Hot 100 Chart. Andee's second single, "Sorries", co-written by Pink, was released on October 21, 2014.
In July 2014, Andee shared the stage with Simple Plan at Brampton's Canada Day celebrations, and later performed at Quebec's Festival D'ete. In the fall of 2014, Andee supported Demi Lovato on the Canadian leg of the Demi World Tour. Andee joined CHUM-FM's Breakfast in Barbados 2015 alongside pop rock band OneRepublic in April 2015, and performed alongside Simple Plan for the FIFA Women's World Cup Trophy Tour on April 30, 2015, at Much in Toronto. Andee also performed with Jessie J at Metropolis in Montreal on May 6, 2015 and Cody Simpson at the Canadian National Exhibition September 1, 2015.
Andee released her debut album, Black and White Heart, on May 26, 2015. She also received a nomination for best new group or solo artist in the AC category for the 2015 Canadian Radio Music Awards for her song "Never Gone". In 2016 Black and White Heart was long listed for the 2016 Prism Prize. During 2015–2016 Andee was the opening act for Marianas Trench during their Quebec stops for their " Hey You Guys" tour.
With One, Andee returned with a fresh approach to her sound after overcoming a dark period in her life. She shared her journey with bipolar disorder and psychosis in the book "Mes tempêtes intérieures" by Vanessa Beaulieu that was released in 2018. This led her in new sonic directions with the help of producers Emery Taylor and Herag Sanbalian, although the focus remained on catchy melodies, sick beats and emotionally charged lyrics.
In March 2021, Andee and the cast of Star Académie, reunited for a 10-year anniversary.
Whether she is on stage or in the studio, Andee's goal is always to connect with listeners as intimately as she can. Plus One, is the second of two EPs that will make up Andee's full album under Coalition Music Records. One, Plus One Equal Us, released on March 26, 2021, comprising both EP's: One and Plus One.
In February 2024, she launched a new single with the Frères Grand entitled "Quel Dégât". | WIKI |
6.4 to 7.6 upgrade : new JIRA is very SLOW Edited
Hi,
We upgraded our JIRA instance (2000 users) from 6.4.14 to 7.6.1 and everything would be perfect except huge slowness during the "Log in" phase. For instance, when a user wants to log into JIRA s/he enters a username, then password, press button and waits between 1 and 5 minutes to see the System dashboard. It is super slow. Watching issues also takes time but it shorter than authentication.
We tried many things to fix the issue such as:
- setting Xmin and Xmax to 4gb
- removal of plugin caches
- verification of database parameters
- verification of Base URL
- verification of reverse proxy configuration because our instance is hidden behind that. The delay is the same when we get into JIRA without proxy.
After analyzing almost all threads on this forum and documentation, we are running out of ideas, what else can be wrong with this new JIRA version ?
In turn, operations on the System tab works quite quickly.
Regards,
1 answer
0 votes
Hey Rafal,
There are a couple of things that might be helpful. We can provide general strategies, but without a detailed view of logs, plugins, ect, there isn't too much we can do. Upgrading from 6.4 to 7.6.1 is a big step, and would actually require a multi-stage upgrade. I'd recommend opening a ticket with Atlassian support. https://support.atlassian.com/contact/#/
In addition to that I would begin by verifying that all of the tools that you are using are supported for the latest version. For example, is your Java version supported for the new version of JIRA, is your DB version supported? Moving up so many major versions may have caused something which was supported to no longer be. I would also make sure that you check the logs while user logins are happening to see what is going on.
There are many strategies that can be taken for troubleshooting, but ultimately you may have to work through these issues with Atlassian support.
Thanks,
Kian
Thank you for response. We had to roll back to 6.4 because of this performance issue. We will collect all errors from the logs and contact directly with the support. In the meantime, I would like to ask you what is the best, standard way to upgrade from 6.4 to 7.6.1. Should we go through each major release 7.0, 7.1 and so on or there is a faster way ?
Thank you,
Rafal
So every application of JIRA has a recommended upgrade path from one version to another. I've done the upgrades before, so I know that for an upgrade to version 7.6.1 from 6.4 the following is required. This is just for the JIRA application itself, and does not take into account things such as DB versions, JAVA versions, ect.
Upgrade 6.4 to 7.0.
Upgrade from 7.0 to 76.1. Keep in mind, this second part may change if the version gets too much. In general it's important to follow the following steps:
1) Read the upgrade and release notes for any version that you want to upgrade to/past. In your case this would include all major versions between 6.4 and 7.6.1. In the upgrade notes for JIRA 7.6 at the very bottom, you will see that it tells you that you must fist upgrade to 7.0 before upgrading to JIRA 7.6.
2) Verify that your current resources such as Database version and Java version are supported on the version you are moving to. If they are not, make sure to have a plan for how you are going to get to a supported version of those. Will you perform an upgrade of JIRA to 7.0 and then upgrade database to a higher version that is supported on both 7 and 7.6 before going to 7.6? Think about what strategies you can implement to have support all the way through of database, ect.
3) Check your addons for support in higher version as well. Try to make sure that you can upgrade those smoothly.
Here are some resources I used to com eup with this.
https://confluence.atlassian.com/jirasoftware/jira-software-7-6-x-upgrade-notes-938027185.html - Upgrade notes for JIRA 7.6
https://confluence.atlassian.com/ug/jira-software-upgrade-matrix-933696761.html
https://confluence.atlassian.com/adminjiraserver071/supported-platforms-802592168.html
K
eep in mind none of these are specific to your system. You will have to do your own investigation and fact finding into what is required for your upgrade path. I've handled these before and there typically is not one "cookie cutter" answer, these are just some strategies that I have found helpful when preparing for and outlining an upgrade. Yours may have additional dependencies or steps that need to be taken.
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Published Jan 08, 2019 in Jira
How to Jira for designers
I’m a designer on the Jira team. For a long time, I’ve fielded questions from other designers about how they should be using Jira Software with their design team. I’ve also heard feedback from other ...
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How Muscle Building Supplements Work Inside The Body
Muscle supplements are used by many, but how many of these users actually understand how muscle building supplements work? Right off the bat, you should notice the word supplement—this means that results won’t come simply from taking the supplements alone. In order to see proper results, you must pair these supplements with your exercise routine and proper diet.
While your body does have the ability to fuel itself and allow your muscles to grow on their own, there are times when a little nudge can go a long way. If you’re looking to see quicker or more apparent results, that’s when you can turn to muscle building supplements.
How Muscle Building Supplements Work In The Body
Muscle building supplements serve to enhance what your body already does on its own, and aid in speeding up that process. This is done by providing your body with a solid foundation, such that it can create amino acids that are necessary to build muscle tissues efficiently.
For this reason, body builders and athletes who are looking for quick and effective results are the first to take advantage of these supplements. Bodybuilders benefit more than others from protein supplements because they participate in intensive physical activities that require high amounts of protein.
When they pair that with an increase in protein, they allow their muscles more recovery time. More recovery time allows faster growth in those muscles as well.
Relaxing after training.
The amount of protein you're adding through protein supplements is broken down by dietary enzymes during digestion. The quicker that protein is broken down, the faster they can convert to amino acids.
And, what do amino acids do? They repair muscle tissues and allow for quicker, natural growth. This extra protein and its ability to digest quickly into amino acids also allows for muscles to be repaired more efficiently after a strength workout.
There’s not one single supplement that’s recommended above every other. There are dozens of options out there to research and choose from because each supplement works differently inside the body. Your goals or needs are going to determine which supplements are going to be best for you.
For example, creatine, glutamine and caffeine all aid in providing the body with energy.
• Creatine is one of the better-known supplements. It’s a natural enzyme that the body can produce, and which aids in the repair and growth of worn muscles. The main purpose of taking creatine supplements is to give your body energy bursts to increase your workout performance. You can buy creatine in solid (powder) or liquid form. It’s also possible to get creatine naturally from meat, fish, or eggs.
• Glutamine is similar to creatine in that it’s also a naturally occurring amino acid. The difference between glutamine and creatine is that the former helps maintain muscle mass. When doing high-intensity workouts, your body draws out this glutamine, which is why a supplement can help maintain muscle mass even when utilizing your natural store of glutamine. In order to naturally add glutamine to your diet, you’d have to eat fatty foods, like nuts or meats. However, if your goal is to build lean muscle, you’ll want to avoid fatty foods, and that’s when a glutamine supplement can serve beneficial to your progress.
• Caffeine serves to increase performance in workouts and sports through a boost of energy. While a caffeine supplement won’t increase muscle mass up front, it helps the process as it allows for better workout performance, especially when doing resistance and strength training. This, in turn, will lead to muscle growth.
Some supplements, on the other hand, will serve to improve performance during exercise or sports. An example of this are branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), which work inside the body to improve performance.
BCAAs are obtained from protein found in foods like meat, dairy, and legumes and are taken by athletes especially because of their effect on performance. They do this by preventing fatigue, improving concentration, and reducing muscle breakdown.
Furthermore, BCAAs work by stimulating the building of proteins in the muscle, while reducing the breakdown of the muscle as well. Some studies show that pairing BCAA with arginine or green tea powder can further enhance the results of this supplement. BCAAs can also reduce muscle damage or muscle soreness caused by exercise.
Then, there are supplements like protein, whey protein, and even fish oil that target muscle growth in the body.
• Protein, in general, is essential to grow your muscles. Inside your body, amino acids combine and form protein structures. These protein structures perform different functions throughout the body and are essential to muscle growth. When the muscles in your body
• Whey protein is a powerful supplement, but that doesn’t necessarily mean it’s the best option out there. Whey is popular among models, athletes, or those invested in their fitness. Whey protein is different than creatine and glutamine because it needs to be consumed multiple times a day, usually as a protein shake, to ensure you’re getting the full benefits.
• Fish oil offers many benefits that can aid in muscle gain. Fish oil is a source of omega-3, which serves as an anti-inflammatory compound. This means that it can help keep joints from stiffening, fatiguing, or feeling too much pain when working out. More than that, fish oil improves stamina and endurance.
• Ostarine, sometimes referred to as MK 2866, is a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) that works inside the body by stimulating hormone receptors and mimicking testosterone. Ostarine resembles prohormones, which are a mixture of anabolic steroids and testosterone boosters, and serve the purpose of providing gains in both muscle and strength. When taking Ostarine, it can be expected that the body will see results similar to what steroids offer, but without the downsides, and these results usually take less than a week to set in.
• Carbohydrates can go two ways, depending on your goals. If weight loss is your only goal, carbohydrates might be best cut back. However, for bodybuilding, carbohydrates will help to fuel the body. While certain foods can be used as good sources of carbohydrates, when you do that, you risk adding enzymes or preservatives that shouldn’t be put in your body. Carbohydrate supplements can cut these unwanted additions out.
How To Choose A Supplement
Making the decision of which protein supplement to use will depend on what results you’re looking for as each kind of muscle building supplement works differently inside the body. Whether you want to gain muscle, improve performance training, or tone your body, there’s a supplement out there for you.
Furthermore, while attempting to create a supplement regimen to follow as you strive to build muscles, it’s important to remember that muscle building supplements aren’t going to give you results on their own.
In order to see results from the use of supplements, you must pair them with training. Using these supplements will help improve athletic performance during workouts, which, in turn, will enhance overall muscle growth.
Possible Side Effects Of Supplements
As all the supplements listed above are altering the state of your body, there are a few possible side effects they can have on the body as well. Some of these include:
• Restlessness
• Flushed skin
• Dizziness
• Increased sweating
When choosing to try any new supplement, it’s best to only try one at a time and monitor its effects on your body first. If you begin taking more than one supplement at once, there would be no way to tell which supplement is causing which reaction. It also can be beneficial to speak with a doctor before adding any supplements to your weight loss or workout routine.
Where To Buy Supplements
There are many retailers that offer muscle building supplements, including Walmart, GNC, CVS, and Walgreens. The options are virtually endless. However, with Internet becoming the powerful tool that it is, many prefer to do their shopping online.
Of course, there are many online retailers where muscle building supplements can be purchased. Depending on which supplements you’re looking to purchase, it may even be easier to find whichever supplement you’re looking for online.
For example, if you’re looking to buy ostarine, BCAAs, or other muscle building supplements that may be harder to come by, online resources provide many options. These site often also provide expert advice and reviews you can use to make a final decision. Some of these online retailers even offer the ability to shop for a specific goal. So, if you’re unsure of what supplement is necessary to meet a goal, these sites offer beneficial guidance.
Conclusion
Overall, as with anything you’re looking to put in your body, it’s very important to pay attention to what ingredients make up the supplement you choose. Muscle building supplements are not magic pills. In order to ensure you’re getting the best results from adding them to your regimen, you’ll want to remember that building muscle is a slow process that will not happen overnight.
When you set out to achieve your goal of building muscle, for whatever reason, it’s a good idea to look at your goal as one reached by a lifestyle change. This means you should be aiming for long-term change. Focus on what your goals are and what’s needed to achieve those goals. And, remember, you must pair supplements with a healthy diet and proper exercise.
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Waste risk assessment in SEVESO establishment- Case study
Sikorova, Katerina
Bernatik, Ales
Veznikova, Hana
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How to Cite
Sikorova K., Bernatik A., Veznikova H., 2019, Waste risk assessment in SEVESO establishment- Case study, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 77, 529-534.
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Abstract
The goal of this paper is to aim at issue of hazardous waste management from the perspective of major accident prevention. Hazardous wastes usually perform a relatively small part from a total amount of dangerous substances used and stored in certain industrial activities classified under the SEVESO III Directive (European Commission, 2013). In case of hazardous waste establishment (e.g. hazardous waste incineration), completely different quantities of wastes with similar dangerous chemical properties (e.g. HP3-flammable, HP14-ecotoxic) are stored for purposes of next liquidation. This paper will focus on selected hazardous wastes which present the risk of a major accident, either alone or in the event of the formation of mixtures thereof, which may cause dangerous reactions.
A characteristic feature of the process of burning industrial waste is to mix various types of waste to achieve the required combustion temperature. For case study was selected hazardous wastes which are imported frequently and occur in the largest amount in the area of hazardous waste incineration. Identification of risk sources was realized within the establishment where hazardous wastes are accepted, reloaded and stored. In case of major accident which can lead to serious danger to human health or the environment were identified these accident scenarios:major fire on the facility containing flammable waste (liquid, solid)major release of ecotoxic liquid waste to the environmentFirst scenario can be caused by traffic accident inside the establishment, incident during the process of loading/unloading, hole in pipeline etc. Second scenario can lead to water contamination due to leakage on hard surface and next distribution via sewerage system. In case of flood direct release to the nearest watercourse can be considered. Finally, soil environment together with underground water can be endangered through the infiltration of liquid hazardous waste being escaped from the facility.
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Temperature-induced liquid crystal microdroplet formation in a partially miscible liquid mixture
Mehzabin Patel, Anand N.P. Radhakrishnan, Ludovic Bescher, Elwin Hunter-Sellars, Benjamin Schmidt-Hansberg, Esther Amstad, Stuart Ibsen, Stefan Guldin
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
2 Scopus citations
Abstract
Liquid-in-liquid droplets are typically generated by the partitioning of immiscible fluids,e.g.by mechanical shearing with macroscopic homogenisers or microfluidic flow focussing. In contrast, partially miscible liquids with a critical solution temperature display a temperature-dependent mixing behaviour. In this work, we demonstrate how, for a blend of methanol (MeOH) and the thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) 4-Cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB), cooling from a miscible to an immiscible state allows the controlled formation of microdroplets. A near-room-temperature-induced phase separation leads to nucleation, growth and coalescence of mesogen-rich droplets. The size and number of the droplets is tunable on the microscopic scale by variation of temperature quench depth and cooling rate. Further cooling induces a phase transition to nematic droplets with radial configuration, well-defined sizes and stability over the course of an hour. This temperature-induced approach offers a scalable and reversible alternative to droplet formation with relevance in diagnostics, optoelectronics, materials templating and extraction processes.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)947-954
Number of pages8
JournalSoft Matter
Volume17
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 28 2021
Externally publishedYes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Chemistry(all)
• Condensed Matter Physics
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Dive into the research topics of 'Temperature-induced liquid crystal microdroplet formation in a partially miscible liquid mixture'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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Talk:Kandahar
Website dead
The kandahar website -- http://www.kandahar.gov.af/ -- didn't come up today. HasanDiwan (talk) 04:53, 8 August 2021 (UTC)
* I am not agree with words used Taliban, what they did before like Mujaheedn? What before they are not mentioned? Everyone directly jumped to the last fews years? What about only 60 or 80 years before?
* about the trade, education, powers, political and cultural side? They have to research for that add to site. The most famous 100 years at least? 2600:4040:2A63:3600:7CB4:E7E8:3902:7FD6 (talk) 21:21, 22 August 2023 (UTC)
Etymology
NOT from Alexandria!: In the book "Histories" by Herodotus, Gandhara is named as a source of tax collections for King Darius. Böri (talk) 13:14, 23 February 2012 (UTC)
Hmm, could the name be connected to an arabic "bridge" like with the many Al Qantaras? --BjKa (talk) 11:12, 26 January 2015 (UTC)
Gandhara does not correspond to Kandahar
>Though this is unlikely given the fact that the geography of modern day Kandahar does not equate with that of Gandhara.
I added that statement and it's a fact, you can check the article on Gandhara and see that it corresponds to the geography of modern day Jalalabad, the Kabulistan valley in Afghanistan and Peshawar/Swat in pakistan.
I've also attached a picture of the achaemenid satrapies at the time to show the distinction between the geography of kandahar in the arachosia satrap vs. the gandhara satrap all the way in eastern/northeastern afghanistan.
http://sitemaker.umich.edu/mladjov/files/achaemenid_satrapies.jpg
Hope this clears your misunderstanding.
* I agree with what you said. Gandhara was located on the eastern side of the Hindu Kush around the Kabul-Swat river valleys while Arachosia was on the southern side in the Helmand and Arghandab valleys. Kandahar was located in Arachosia. Khestwol (talk) 15:50, 18 May 2015 (UTC)
I don't know what the other guy wants, this is common sense and a source (aside from looking at a map) is not needed.
* I want to not include synthesis. To note that Gandhara is nowhere near Kandahar (as I have just done) is documenting a fact. To conclude that the etymology is therefore incorrect is synthesis; to write that, we need a scholarly source which concludes it.
* There is hardly any shortage of city names derived from places a great distance away. New York springs to mind. Pinkbeast (talk) 16:21, 18 May 2015 (UTC)
I've changed it to " Although it is important to note the fact that the geography of modern day Kandahar does not equate with that of Gandhara." It is important we keep it like this as kandahar (arachosia) and gandhara (jalalabad/peshawar/swat) are not synonymous and it helps those who are confused and often equate the two.
* That's still synthesis. It is your own conclusion that that is important, or pertinent to the etymology. Pinkbeast (talk) 16:32, 18 May 2015 (UTC)
What don't you understand about the fact where kandahar lies as it is today is nowhere near the historic gandhara? My edit is not disruptive, it just helps clear misunderstanding of those who may equate gandhara with kandahar as the names sound similar
* Nothing. I agree that that is a fact. It is entirely reasonable to put it into the article, which is why I did so.
* However, to draw conclusions from that fact which are not supported by cites is your own analysis.
* "the geography of modern day Kandahar does not equate with that of Gandhara" is a fact, albeit clumsily worded. "it is important to note the fact" is your personal opinion. One belongs in the article; one does not. Pinkbeast (talk) 16:43, 18 May 2015 (UTC)
m8 you can't just keep changing things like this >The geography of modern day Kandahar does not equate with that of Gandhara however.[12]
I've changed it to that, it's a lot better than saying gandhara is "hundreds of kilometers to the north east" which is vague.
* In fact it is both clearer and does not insert your own opinion into the text. Pinkbeast (talk) 14:53, 19 May 2015 (UTC)
* To be clear: "however" is your opinion again. It's casting doubt on the etymology, your own analysis. It should be removed.
* "Does not equate" is hopelessly vague. The geography of London doesn't "equate to" the geography of 19th-century London, but nevertheless, they are really quite similar. It is surely better to point out explicitly the considerable distance between Kandahar and Gandhara that to use an expression which could be read as "almost the same, but not quite". Pinkbeast (talk) 15:02, 19 May 2015 (UTC)
To you however is my opinion? Also, stating "hundreds of kilometres" to the northeast is incorrect as 1. it's not 'hundreds' and 2. it's very confusing, a novice reader will not know that in fact, kandahar and gandhara are on opposite sides of the country. I am fine for removing 'though' but it helps with sentence structure and flow and in my opinion does not cast doubt on etymology but rather makes it clear for people (and I've encountered MANY of them) who like kandahar and gandhara to be one and the same. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Scytsari (talk • contribs) 15:13, 19 May 2015 (UTC)
* "However" is your opinion. It's in there, not because of any cite, but to support your own opinion that the etymology is untrustworthy.
* It looks like hundreds to me. Feel free to produce a more accurate figure; but ditch this "Does not equate to" wording. As I've pointed out above, two places that "do not equate" to each other could be right on top of each other. Pinkbeast (talk) 19:22, 19 May 2015 (UTC)
Aside from 'however' the sentence is completely fine, but since you're so insistent I am forced to change it. Is "Modern day Kandahar is not located in the same satrap as the ancient Gandhara" or "Modern day Kandahar is not located in the same region as ancient Gandhara", something to this extent because it's astonishing the number of people (indians mainly) who think gandhara = kandahar. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:02, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
* "Modern day Kandahar is not located in the same region as ancient Gandhara" seems OK, but why "modern day"? Surely Kandahar has always been where it is now.
* I admit I also don't understand your aversion to quoting a distance. Pinkbeast (talk) 16:37, 20 May 2015 (UTC)
By saying hundreds of meters, it's much more confusing since people may not know if it's still located in the kandahar province when gandhara is in a complete other province, saying 'though' or 'however' is not an opinion, it's a reference to a fact, as it is now it seems fine and I don't understand your insistence on changing this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Scytsari (talk • contribs) 00:05, 21 May 2015 (UTC)
* Hundreds of kilometres, not hundreds of metres. And no. If I say London is hundreds of kilometres from Yorkshire, I do not see that can possibly be read as saying that London is _in_ Yorkshire. (Conversely, if I say the geography of London "does not equate" to that of the City of London, that is true even though the latter _is_ inside the former.)
* "However" is your own analysis of the plausibility of the etymology. Write the facts and let the readers fill in the "howevers". Pinkbeast (talk) 14:10, 28 May 2015 (UTC)
We've settled this, at this point you're just trolling me. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Scytsari (talk • contribs) 18:05, 5 June 2015 (UTC)
On the already exhausted topic of revising the etymology of kandahar in reference to gandhara once again: No, I will not accept "hundreds of kilometeres to the northeast of kandahar city/province" as this is not specific at all and is a very, very ambiguous statement, hundreds of kilometers to the northeast could imply it is still within kandahar province, it could imply it's in kabul or badakhshan, as such it is very improper form and terminology. "Does not equate" is a more than ample statement, I'm sorry that your english is not advanced enough to interpret this correctly but this is more than sufficient on top of being correct in terms of syntax, grammar and general diction. I will agree to do something about "however" since I understand your viewpoint (well, not really but I'm willing to compromise on your stubbornness here). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Scytsari (talk • contribs) 01:37, 7 June 2015 (UTC)
* Please refrain from personal attacks. (The second part is somewhat ironic since I am a native English speaker and, unless I am very much mistaken, you are not).
* The issue is not whether it's grammatical - although it is rather clumsy - but it doesn't actually say what you want it to. It is easy to construct examples using your wording where the two places are essentially the same. Here's another:
* "The geography of Victorian London does not equate to that of modern London."
* That is a true statement. However, they overlap enormously; one is inside the other. Therefore, the statement "The geography of modern day Kandahar does not equate with that of Gandhara" also does not preclude them overlapping or one being inside the other.
* Conversely, you cannot construct a true statement of the form "X is hundreds of kilometres from Y" when X and Y are in the same place. Pinkbeast (talk) 02:45, 8 June 2015 (UTC)
External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Kandahar. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090724022555/http://www.time.com:80/time/asia/2003/journey/afghanistan.html to http://www.time.com/time/asia/2003/journey/afghanistan.html
Cheers. —cyberbot II Talk to my owner :Online 13:33, 26 August 2015 (UTC)
External links modified
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* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120201030234/http://www.afghanan.net/afghanistan/mauryans.htm to http://www.afghanan.net/afghanistan/mauryans.htm
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140529103150/http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2010/10/27/20-acres-land-donated-cricket-stadium-kandahar to http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2010/10/27/20-acres-land-donated-cricket-stadium-kandahar
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141219052551/http://www.panoramio.com/map to http://www.panoramio.com/map/
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130615060946/http://www.islamicarchitecturedatabase.org/ircica/index2.php?page=Country&id=1 to http://www.islamicarchitecturedatabase.org/ircica/index2.php?page=Country&id=1
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* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140529103150/http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2010/10/27/20-acres-land-donated-cricket-stadium-kandahar to http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2010/10/27/20-acres-land-donated-cricket-stadium-kandahar
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* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031905/http://www.burohappold.com/projects/project/aino-mina-development-138/ to http://www.burohappold.com/projects/project/aino-mina-development-138/
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061004135535/http://usinfo.state.gov/sa/Archive/2004/Jan/29-5307.html to http://www.usinfo.state.gov/sa/Archive/2004/Jan/29-5307.html
* Added tag to http://www.afghanpanorama.com/?p=457
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060721180455/http://www.aisa.org.af/ipda/kandahar.html to http://www.aisa.org.af/ipda/kandahar.html
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Photos not taken inside the city of Kandahar
I'm removing the photo. What does this photo of a girl has to do with the city of Kandahar? What is the point in having the photo? News report say 50% of Afghan girls do not attend schools. An elementary school near Kandahar Air Field includes a school located outside the city limits. The airport is located in Kandahar province which is like say the state of Texas, can you put photo of a girl from Forth Worth in Dallas article?Pashtoon989 (talk) 18:15, 8 June 2018 (UTC)
A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:51, 27 March 2019 (UTC)
* Mosque in Kandahar.jpg
A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 17:36, 19 August 2021 (UTC)
* Flag of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.svg
Mohammad ferooz (Rishtin)
I’m <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:27, 16 June 2023 (UTC)
Mohammad ferooz(Rishtin)
I’m Mohammad ferooz (Rishtin)Iam from Afghanistan I live on kadahar <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:29, 16 June 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
Marlins rookie Isan Diaz hits first home run during father's interview
Read more: 12 athletes who have famous parents—Miami Marlins (@Marlins) August 5, 2019 —Miami Marlins (@Marlins) August 6, 2019 Read more:Baker Mayfield shotgunned a beer on the jumbotron at a Cleveland Indians game and sparked a 5-run rallyPhiladelphia Union captain Alejandro Bedoya grabs microphone and demands action on gun violence in powerful goal celebrationA previously unknown 29-year-old featherweight was signed on the spot by UFC president Dana White after delivering a highlight-reel flying knee knockoutFANTASY FOOTBALL RANKINGS: The expert consensus on the top 20 quarterbacks of 2019 | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Perfect Moment Achieves Unprecedented Global Brand Reach in Fiscal 2025
Luxury Performance Brand Surpasses 16 Billion Digital Media Impressions, Securing Place Among Global Fashion Leaders
Record Brand Reach Supports Growth Momentum, with Autumn/Winter Wholesale Preorders Up 30% to Record Level
LONDON, April 10, 2025--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Perfect Moment Ltd. (NYSE American: PMNT), the high-performance luxury skiwear and lifestyle brand, reported garnering record brand coverage during its 2025 fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.
"Our highest-ever numbers demonstrate our brand’s rising cultural relevance, deepening consumer appeal, and strong growth momentum as we enter our next phase of growth and evolution," stated Perfect Moment president and chief creative officer, Jane Gottschalk. "We couldn’t be more excited about what we have achieved and the phenomenal opportunities ahead."
FY2025 Media Highlights
Record 16.6 billion in total number of unique visitors per month (UVPM) reached globally, up 108% over the previous year, with this representing the combined sum of UVPM reached by all global digital media coverage during the year.
Record 934 million in total social audience reached by content posted by global key opinion leaders (KOLs) about Perfect Moment. This comprises the total combined number of followers of the celebrities, influencers, models, media publications, and fashion industry notables who organically posted about the brand during the year globally.
Increase of 101% to a record 597.1 million in total social audience reached during the 2024-2025 ski season (fiscal Q3 and Q4) with content posted by global KOLs about Perfect Moment.
25.6 million in global print circulation of articles featuring Perfect Moment for the fiscal year.
Global media coverage during the year included Vogue, Harper’s BAZAAR, ELLE, WWD, and Tatler.
Social media engagements in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 included Instagram posts by numerous high-profile celebrities and influencers with wide Instagram followings, including: Priyanka Chopra Jonas, award-winning global film and fashion icon with 92.5 million followers. Anitta, Brazilian singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman with 64.2 million followers. Miranda Kerr, Australian model and founder of Kora Organics with 14.4 million followers. Sara Sampaio, Portuguese model and movie actress with 8.5 million followers. Victoria Brito, Brazilian model, dancer and designer with 2.4 million followers. Rachel Brosnahan, American-British actress and comedian with 1.1 million followers. Xandra Pohl, professional DJ and 2024 Sports Illustrated swimsuit model with 551 thousand followers.
Major global collaboration with Diageo’s top Scotch Whiskey brand, Johnnie Walker, was featured in fourth quarter Instagram posts by major media platforms with wide Instagram followings, including: InStyle with 4.3 million followers. Refinery29 with 3.4 million followers. L’Officiel Brazil with 543 thousand followers.
The company’s launch of its Johnnie Walker x Perfect Moment capsule collection has been supported by several curated brand experiences, exclusive press coverage, and organic influencer engagement, further elevating Perfect Moment’s trajectory as a leading brand in performance luxury.
As part of a multi-channel global co-marketing campaign with Johnnie Walker, Perfect Moment hosted a high-profile brand activation at the St. Regis Deer Valley mountain resort, which was attended by several celebrity fans, including Miranda Kerr, Anitta, Sara Sampaio, and Priyanka Chopra.
"The tremendous global reach and influencer engagement we’ve achieved over the past year has elevated our brand awareness to levels rivalling our closest peers, including Moncler and Canada Goose," noted Gottschalk.
The company’s own followers currently exceed 440,000 across its social media platforms (Instagram, Facebook and TikTok), up approximately 15.2% year-over-year—making Perfect Moment increasingly one of the world’s most followed luxury brands.
"We’re thrilled by the organic attention we’ve received and the invaluable brand equity it has built," added Gottschalk. "It supports our mission of scaling our sales across North America, Europe and Asia."
The company recently reported that it has booked a record level of wholesale preorders for its upcoming Autumn/Winter (AW) 2025 collection. The number of orders already exceeds all of the company’s wholesale orders for last year’s AW collection by 30%, and represents the largest wholesale book in the company’s history (excluding collaborations). The new orders are from both new and existing customers, with most existing customers expanding upon their year-ago levels.
Perfect Moment taps a fast-growing global luxury ski apparel market that is expected to reach $1.7 billion in 2024 and grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2% through 2033. The brand’s expanding market for luxury outerwear is expected to reach $17.9 billion in 2024 and grow at a 6.7% CAGR through 2033, with both market outlooks according to Business Research Insights.
About Perfect Moment LTD.
Perfect Moment is a high-performance luxury skiwear and lifestyle brand that blends technical excellence with fashion-forward designs, creating pieces that effortlessly transition from the slopes to the city, the beach, and beyond.
The brand was born in 1984 in the mountains of Chamonix, France, relaunched by Max and Jane Gottschalk in 2012, and acquired by the company in 2017 and 2018. Initially the vision of extreme sports filmmaker and professional skier Thierry Donard, the brand has been built on a sense of adventure which it has sustained for more than 20 years. Fueled by his personal experiences, Donard was driven by a desire to create pieces that offered quality, style and performance, pushing the wearer in the pursuit of every athlete’s dream: to experience ‘The Perfect Moment.’
In 2012, British-Swiss entrepreneurial couple Jane and Max Gottschalk took ownership of the brand. Under Jane’s creative direction Perfect Moment was injected with a new style focus, one that reignited the spirit of the heritage brand, along with a commitment to improving fit, performance and the use of best-in-class functional materials. As such, the designs evolved into distinct statement pieces synonymous with the brand as we know it today.
Today, the brand is available globally, online and at major retailers, including MyTheresa, Net-a-Porter, Harrods, Selfridges, Saks, Bergdorf Goodman and Neiman Marcus.
Learn more at www.perfectmoment.com.
Forward-looking Statements
This release contains forward-looking statements that relate to expectations or forecasts of future events. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as "expect", "anticipate", "believe", "may", "will" and other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. Such forward-looking statements include statements relating to our use of proceeds from the transaction. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from expectations expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, risks and uncertainties described in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Item 1A (Risk Factors) of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024 and its subsequently filed periodic reports. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance upon any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. Although it may voluntarily do so from time to time, the Company undertakes no commitment to update or revise the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable securities laws.
View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250410056172/en/
Contacts
Company Contact Julie Robinson, Brand Director Perfect Moment Tel +44 7595178702 Email contact Investor Contact Ronald Both or Grant Stude CMA Investor Relations Tel (949) 432-7566 Email contact | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
edictum
Etymology
From, from +.
Noun
* 1) A proclamation, ordinance, edict, decree or manifesto by a magistrate.
* 2) The public announcement of the praetor or other senior magistrate, in which he states, on entering upon his office, the rules by which he will be guided in administering justice; inaugural address.
* 3) An order, command, edict.
* 1) An order, command, edict. | WIKI |
Talk:Tamil South Africans
Untitled
I recall that many Tamil South Africans used to refer to themselves at "Tamil" rather than "Hindu" when asked to describe their religion. If there are reliable sources about this point, they could be added. Park3r (talk) 12:26, 2 October 2010 (UTC)
Early Tamils
Hi everyone, would anyone object to a section being added that mentions the Tamils that were brought to the Cape as slaves by the Dutch in the 1600s from Dutch Coromandel. --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:16, 13 January 2015 (UTC) | WIKI |
Campaign Legal Center
Campaign Legal Center (CLC) is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) government watchdog group in the United States. CLC supports strong enforcement of United States campaign finance laws. Trevor Potter, former Republican chairman of the Federal Election Commission, is CLC's founding president.
2004–10
In 2004, it was a party to complaints filed with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) against groups like the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth and America Coming Together, for trying to directly influence federal elections.
In 2006, CLC testified before Congress in support of reauthorizing the Voting Rights Act (VRA).
CLC was critical of former vice-presidential candidate John Edwards's use of charity organizations which he had founded, complaining they were being used chiefly to keep himself in the public eye in preparation for a possible 2008 presidential run.
The group filed an amicus brief in the 2007 landmark Supreme Court case Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, unsuccessfully urging the Court not to strike down a provision of McCain-Feingold which prevented unlimited political contributions to organizations not directly affiliated with Federal candidates. The following year it again filed a brief with the Court over a rule in the 2002 Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act that raised contribution limits when candidates faced a self-funding opponent; the group favored the rule, which was struck down by the Court.
In 2010, CLC joined with another watchdog group, Democracy 21, in asking the Internal Revenue Service to investigate a tax exempt social welfare group run by Karl Rove.
2011–20
The group filed an amicus brief in 2011 on behalf of eight public interest groups in support of challenged provisions of Arizona's clean election law, the Citizens Clean Elections Act. After the Court struck down the provisions, a spokesperson for the group declared that the decision undermines "the integrity of our elections." Later that year, CLC highlighted concerns before the FEC that Stephen Colbert's satirical Super PAC, Americans for a Better Tomorrow, Tomorrow, had serious imitators exploiting the regulations on politicians with television contracts. The organization's President, Trevor Potter, served as Colbert's lawyer in establishing the PAC. In August, it asked the U.S. Justice Department to probe the behavior of W Spann LLC.
The group advocated for more legal restrictions on campaign giving and lobbying during the 2012 presidential primaries.
CLC attorneys represented Wisconsin voters in the 2017 Supreme Court case Gill v. Whitford. CLC’s Paul Smith argued the case before the Court on October 3, 2017.
On October 30, 2017, the CLC released a fact-check explaining the legality of the Clinton campaign's financing of the Steele dossier and compared it to the illegality of the Trump campaign's acceptance of the offer of help from the Russian government at the 2016 Trump Tower meeting. Philip Bump, columnist for The Washington Post, explained why, because of the legal difference between an "expenditure" by a campaign and a "contribution" to a campaign, the Clinton campaign's action did not run afoul of Federal Election Commission laws (52 U.S. Code § 30121) forbidding foreign nationals from contributing to or aiding political campaigns, and that applies to any form of aid, not just cash donations. The dossier (prepared by a British citizen indirectly hired by the Clinton campaign and DNC) and the 2016 Trump Tower meeting (involving a direct offer of aid by the Russian government to the Trump campaign) are frequently contrasted and conflated in this regard.
In 2018, CLC launched a website for citizens with felony convictions to explain their voting rights in all 50 states. That same year, CLC filed several complaints with the FEC alleging illegal coordination between the Trump campaign and the National Rifle Association. CLC’s Potter also appeared on Face the Nation and 60 Minutes in 2018 to discuss President Trump’s potential campaign finance violations related to the hush money paid by Michael Cohen to Stormy Daniels. Prior to the 2018 election, CLC attorneys represented Native American voters in a case challenging North Dakota’s voter ID law.
During the 2020 elections, CLC worked on voting issues in states across the U.S. amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It sued the states of Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and North Dakota over signature match rules that prevented voters with disabilities, racial minority voters, and voters who were non-Native English speakers from having their votes count at disproportionately high rates. Campaign Legal Center is a partner of VoteRiders.
In late July 2020, CLC filed an 81-page complaint with the FEC against the Trump re-election campaign, alleging that it used pass-through entities to conceal almost $170 million of campaign spending from the FEC.
2021–present
In 2021, CLC sued the FEC for refusing to launch an investigation into Donald Trump's presidential campaign over allegations that it coordinated with a super PAC. CLC also filed a complaint with the FEC over the manner in which Ted Cruz's staff promoted his book One Vote Away: How a Single Supreme Court Vote Can Change History.
CLC supported the For the People Act. It was intended to expand voting rights, change campaign finance laws to reduce the influence of money in politics, ban partisan gerrymandering, and create new ethics rules for federal officeholders.
In October 2022, Trump's Save America PAC transferred $20 million to Trump’s new MAGA Inc. Super PAC. In November 2022, the CLC filed a complaint with the FEC, alleging that the transfer was inappropriate inasmuch as Trump was already a presidential candidate when he made the transfer. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Navigator Records (Russia)
The result was delete. MBisanz talk 01:39, 4 May 2017 (UTC)
Navigator Records (Russia)
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Relevance is not shown. Sources are not reliable. In Russian Wikipedia, the article is in two lines and is submitted for deletion. It seems like the PR itself.--Jürgen Klinsmann1990 (talk) 02:54, 10 April 2017 (UTC) Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus. Relisting comment: Prior to this relisting, this discussion wasn't transcluded on any AFD page. This has now been resolved, and it appears on Articles for deletion/Log/2017 April 26.
* Delete I edited the article earlier and tried to clean it up, but I couldn't find any refs to support WP:GNG. It's also telling that the Russian project has only one good source (talking to the label's president http://www.rollingstone.ru/social/interview/15341.html), and they could easily use Russian-language sources. Seems to be a niche label. Walter Görlitz (talk) 05:01, 10 April 2017 (UTC)
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Steel1943 (talk) 19:22, 26 April 2017 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Russia-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (✉) 20:18, 26 April 2017 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Bands and musicians-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (✉) 20:18, 26 April 2017 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Music-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 22:55, 30 April 2017 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Companies-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 22:55, 30 April 2017 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Download Degenerate Nonlinear Diffusion Equations by Angelo Favini, Gabriela Marinoschi PDF
By Angelo Favini, Gabriela Marinoschi
The target of those notes is to incorporate in a uniform presentation type numerous issues on the topic of the speculation of degenerate nonlinear diffusion equations, taken care of within the mathematical framework of evolution equations with multivalued m-accretive operators in Hilbert areas. the issues challenge nonlinear parabolic equations regarding situations of degeneracy. extra accurately, one case is because of the vanishing of the time by-product coefficient and the opposite is supplied by way of the vanishing of the diffusion coefficient on subsets of confident degree of the domain.
From the mathematical viewpoint the consequences offered in those notes may be regarded as common ends up in the speculation of degenerate nonlinear diffusion equations. even though, this paintings doesn't search to provide an exhaustive learn of degenerate diffusion equations, yet relatively to stress a few rigorous and effective options for imminent a variety of difficulties concerning degenerate nonlinear diffusion equations, equivalent to well-posedness, periodic recommendations, asymptotic behaviour, discretization schemes, coefficient id, and to introduce suitable fixing tools for every of them.
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Additional info for Degenerate Nonlinear Diffusion Equations
Example text
1 Well-Posedness for the Cauchy Problem with Fast Diffusion 19 In the second step we take θ0 ∈ L2 (Ω) = D(Bε ), f ∈ L2 (0, T ; V ). Since W 1,1 ([0, T ]; V ) is dense in L2 (0, T ; V ) and D(Bε ) = V is dense in L (Ω) we can take the sequences (fn )n≥1 ⊂ W 1,1 ([0, T ]; V ) and (θ0n )n≥1 ⊂ D(Bε ) such that 2 fn → f strongly in L2 (0, T ; V ), θ0n → θ0 strongly in L2 (Ω) as n → ∞. e. 58) for any t ∈ [0, T ]. We stress that ε is fixed. 60) 2 dt + K T + 2ε, due to the strong convergence θ0n → θ0 and fn → f as n → ∞.
On Q. Proof. 27) corresponding to the same data f and θ0 . 27) written for y ∗ and y ∗ , multiply the difference scalarly in V by u(y ∗ − y ∗ )(t), and integrate over (0, t). 108) where A0 ψ = u(y ∗ − y ∗ ). 7) we obtain 1 u(y ∗ − y∗ )(t) 2 ≤ ρ 2 t 0 Ω 2 V t +ρ 0 Ω u(y ∗ − y ∗ )2 dxdτ u(y ∗ − y ∗ )2 dxdτ + 1 (N MK ku )2 2ρ t 0 u(y ∗ − y ∗ )(τ ) 2 V dτ. 2 Therefore, by Gronwall lemma (see [29]), u(y ∗ − y∗ )(t) V ≤ 0 and we deduce that uy ∗ (t) = uy∗ (t) for any t ∈ [0, T ]. e. on the set Qu where u(x) > 0.
1 Well-Posedness for the Cauchy Problem with Fast Diffusion 13 The operator Bε : D(Bε ) ⊂ V → V is single-valued, has the domain v uε v ∈ L2 (Ω); βε∗ D(Bε ) := ∈V and is defined by Bε v, ψ := V ,V Ω v uε ∇βε∗ − K0 x, v uε · ∇ψdx, for any ψ ∈ V. 41) v uε In fact we note that Bε v = Aε and v ∈ D(Bε ) is equivalent to uvε ∈ D(Aε ). Also, it is easily seen that D(Bε ) = V. Indeed, if v ∈ D(Bε ) it follows that v ∗ uε ∈ V by the fact that the inverse of βε is Lipschitz, and from here we get 1,∞ that v ∈ V, since uε ∈ W (Ω).
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Rated 4.69 of 5 – based on 13 votes | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
OCL: Object Concept Learning
MVIG-RHOS, SJTU
demo
Understanding objects is a central building block of artificial intelligence, especially for embodied AI. Even though object recognition excels with deep learning, current machines still struggle to learn higher-level knowledge, e.g., what attributes does an object have, what can we do with an object. In this work, we propose a challenging Object Concept Learning (OCL) task to push the envelope of object understanding. It requires machines to reason out object affordances and simultaneously give the reason: what attributes make an object possesses these affordances. To support OCL, we build a densely annotated knowledge base including extensive labels for three levels of object concept: categories, attributes, and affordances, together with their causal relations. By analyzing the causal structure of OCL, we present a strong baseline, Object Concept Reasoning Network (OCRN). It leverages causal intervention and concept instantiation to infer the three levels following their causal relations.
Demo
Left-top: object (in yellow box)
Right-top: key causal graph
Left-bottom: affordance prediction score
Right-bottom: key causal relations
News and Olds
[2022.12] Our paper is available on arXiv.
[2022.11] Trail run
Download
Our data (image source and annotations) and code will come very coon!
Publications
Before using our data and code in your project, please cite:
@ARTICLE{ocl,
title={Beyond Object Recognition: A New Benchmark towards Object Concept Learning},
author={Li, Yong-Lu and Xu, Yue and Xu, Xinyu and Mao, Xiaohan
and Yao, Yuan and Liu, Siqi and Lu, Cewu},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.02710},
year={2022},
}
Disclaimer
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
In our database, 75,578 images and their anntations are extracted from existing datasets (COCOa, ImageNet-150K, aPY, SUN). 4,885 images are from internet. We only provide image links for research purposes.
© Copyright 2022 MVIG-RHOS • Based on tbakerx | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:CAB Accident Report, TWA Flight 3 (June 1942).pdf/6
While making his second trip around the field, Captain Hortman had requested permission from Airway Traffic Control at Cincinnati to land at Dayton. He testified that clearance to land was radioed from the Dayton Airport. The approach to the field was from the west. The landing gear was lowered and the flaps were extended at a point about one-half mile from the boundary of the airport. During the approach the aircraft was stalled at an altitude of from three to five feet and fell in on the left wing and stabilizer, bounced over on the right wheel, and was slowed down to a stop just off the runway. The ship was then taxied to the landing platform. The impact resulted in some damage to the left wing, left elevator, left stabilizer, right wing and fuselage. There was no evidence of any malfunctioning of the aircraft, engines or accessories prior to the impact.
The weather reports indicated that a zero visibility condition prevailed at the Dayton Municipal Airport from 3:00 a.m. to 5:00 a.m. on June 27, 1942, and the airport was closed from 2:34 a.m. until 7:30 a.m.
The U.S. Weather Bureau observations for Dayton from 3:00 a.m. to 5:30 a.m. were as follows: | WIKI |
User:Vibhabamba/UserProfileIntro
I want to improve śtubs And simplify introductions for Articles. Im Also a New User | WIKI |
Calculate abs(int) without branching
• branching • code • personal • operators • english • it • bitwise • twos-complement • abs • value • hack • absolute • cool
• 408 words
For this you need someone to teach it to you: if you made it yourself, then you are a very good Comp-Sci, and you should send your CV to Google ASAP. ;)
Without branching O_o?
Yes, without using any "if ( a < 0 )...". To do that, you need to refresh how Two's Complement works, then come back.
What we really need to focus on is that, given a signed int A, the negative of that number is: B = ~A + 1. BUT, we are trying to calculate the Absolute Value, not the negative. So, something like:
RESULT =
(INPUT, if positive, or NEGATE_INPUT, if negative)
+
(0, if positive, or 1, if negative)
Does it makes sense to you? To me it didn't for the first 10 minutes.
What do we need?
We need, given the integer in input, to calculate 2 values:
• A way to "optionally negate" the input
• A variable carrying 0 if the input is positive, 1 otherwise
Look what we have here: the XOR
Properties of XOR are:
• A ^ 0 = A
• A ^ 1 = ~A
• A ^ A = 0
• A ^ B = B ^ A (commutative)
The first two properties are key here: if we could only generate a variable from the input that contains 0 if positive and 1 if negative, we would have half hack done.
Ladies and Gentleman, all shift please
Now, let's see some shifting in action. If A is a Positive number, then:
A = INPUT >> 31 => 0x00000000 => 0
B = -A => -0x00000000 => 0
While if A is a Negative number, then:
A = INPUT >> 31 => 0xFFFFFFFF => -1
B = -A => 0x00000001 => 1
Putting all together
So, this means that we can calculate the absolute value using the new variables we have produced, A and B. Here is how:
#include <stdio.h>
int abs(const int value) {
int A = value >> 31; // 0x00000000 if Positive, 0xFFFFFFFF if Negative
int B = -A; // 0x00000000 if Positive, 0x00000001 if Negative
return (value ^ A) + B; // value ^ A = value if Positive, value ^ A = ~value if Negative
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
int input;
// Check the Input
if ( argc == 2 ) input = atoi(argv[1]); else return (1);
printf("abs(%d) = %d\n\n", input, abs(input));
}
Who showed me this hack? eh eh eh! ;)
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South Parish Congregational Church and Parish House
The South Parish Congregational Church and Parish House is a historic church at 9 Church Street in Augusta, Maine. Built in 1865, the church is a major Gothic Revival work of Maine's leading mid-19th century architect, Francis H. Fassett, and its 1889 parish house, designed by James H. Cochrane, is a rare example in the state of Stick style architecture. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The congregation was established in 1773, when the area was part of Hallowell.
Description and history
The South Parish Congregational Church is located in central Augusta, on a lot bounded by Bridge, State, and Church Streets. The parish house is located on the western part of the lot, and is joined to the south-facing church by a connector. The church is an elaborate example of the Gothic Revival in granite, with a gabled slate roof broken by a clerestory. The front facade is in three sections, with the primary tower on the left and a secondary tower on the right, with the main entrance in a Gothic-arched opening in between. A large stained glass window adorns the wall above the main entrance, and there is a small round window near the peak of the gable. Both towers have buttressed corners, the right one rising to a steeply pitched gable roof with stepped gables, while the more dominating left one rises to a third stage belfry and octagonal steeple with flared edges.
In 1773, a congregational parish was organized in the town of Hallowell, which was divided into three in 1795, with this organization becoming the "middle" parish. It became Augusta's south parish when Augusta was separated from Hallowell in 1797. Its first meeting house was built in 1795, and its second in 1809. That church was struck by lightning and burned in 1864, and the present church was built in 1866 as its replacement. It is a mature work of Maine's leading mid-19th century architect, Francis H. Fassett, and is a local landmark. The parish house, added in 1889-90 to a design by Augusta architect James Cochrane, is one of Maine's few examples of high-style Stick style architecture. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Zonalinfo
The result was delete. — Spaceman Spiff 17:20, 11 October 2015 (UTC)
Zonalinfo
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Article about a search engine (or business database?) that fails WP:WEBCRIT. - MrX 16:03, 4 October 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Websites-related deletion discussions. North America1000 16:54, 4 October 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of India-related deletion discussions. North America1000 16:54, 4 October 2015 (UTC)
* Delete – Not finding any coverage in reliable sources; fails WP:WEBCRIT. North America1000 16:58, 4 October 2015 (UTC)
* Delete The website don't have received coverage in non-trivial published works and neither it has won any major award. Fails WP:WEBCRIT. Bharatiya29 (talk) 17:43, 4 October 2015 (UTC)
* Delete: As per nominator, the article fails WP:WEBCRIT. I also can't find reliable sources. Ayub 407 talk 18:38, 4 October 2015 (UTC)
* Delete - As stated above, this just isn't notable. CoffeeWithMarkets (talk) 02:14, 10 October 2015 (UTC)
* Delete for now as I found nothing better but feel free to draft and userfy. SwisterTwister talk 04:53, 10 October 2015 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Talk:Berlin Iron Bridge Co.
organization and puzzle
How to organize material for this article? I am thinking that the location of bridges by state is not the optimal organizing scheme, because the article should focus more on the firm and the various products/models that it made. Where a given bridge kit ended up being installed seems random, largely unrelated to the company. So by bridge type / model if those can be discerned. Otherwise bridges could be listed by year of their being built, i guess. There are good passages of material about the company, and good sources, in some of the articles about individual bridges and buildings.
The presence of Mount Orne Covered Bridge, a wooden covered bridge in New Hampshire, seems odd; the bridge co. is named in the NRIS system as architect but i am wondering if it just provided some metal structural pieces for the 1911 rebuilding of that bridge. --doncram (talk) 18:42, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
* The Mt. Orne Covered Bridge wasn't built by the Berlin Iron Bridge Company, which had ceased to exist by 1911. However, it was indeed built by the later, related Berlin Construction Company, a firm which also typically produced all-iron bridges. While the Mt. Orne bridge is basically a wooden covered bridge, it uses the Howe truss design which incorporates iron tension rods. Thus, iron was a critical component of the build, a fact which sheds a bit of light on the involvement of an iron bridge-builder. Although it was fairly rare for iron bridge companies to work in wood, it did occur from time to time, perhaps when the price was right or business was slow.
* Anyhow, the removal of the Mt. Orne Covered Bridge from this article in 2015 (where it was listed as a Berlin Iron Bridge Company bridge) was correct, since it was actually built by a successor company. Still, it seemed like a good idea to leave this overview in the talk page for the review of any future editors. —Jgcoleman (talk) 02:59, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
* Thanks so much! The Mt. Orne Covered Bridge is then properly listed at the Berlin Construction Company / Berlin Steel Construction Company article instead. -- do ncr am 04:20, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
* No problem! And yes, it is certainly well-placed there. It looks like this issue had already mostly sorted itself out: Mt. Orne was removed from this article a year ago and it appears to have already been added to the Berlin Construction Company article. All that was left, it seems, was to finish by explaining why an iron bridge builder assembled Mt. Orne's timber bridge.... so there we have it! —Jgcoleman (talk) 16:03, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
External links modified
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How to read and write configuration (.ini) file in python
There are several file formats you can use for your configuration file, the most commonly used format are .ini, .json and .yaml. In this article, I will sharing with you how to read/write your configurations in the .ini file formats.
Read .ini file
Below is a example of the ini file, you can define the sections (e.g. [LOGIN]) as much as you want to separate the different configuration info.
[LOGIN]
user = admin
#Please change to your real password
password = admin
[SERVER]
host = 192.168.0.1
port = 8088
In python, there is already a module configparser to read an parse the information from the ini file int dictionary objects. Assume you have saved above as config.ini file into your current folder, you can use the below lines of code to read.
import configparser
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read("config.ini")
login = config['LOGIN']
server = config['SERVER']
You can assign each of the sections into a separate dictionary for easier accessing the values. The output should be same as below:
codeforests read ini file
Note that the line starting with # symbol (or ; ) will be taken as comment line and omitted when parsing the keys and values.
Also all the values are taken as string, so you will need to do your own data type conversion after you read it.
Write .ini file
Now let’s see how we can write to an ini file.
You will still need this configparser library, and the idea is that you need to set the keys and values into the configparser object and then save it into a file.
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
if not config.has_section("INFO"):
config.add_section("INFO")
config.set("INFO", "link", "www.codeforests.com")
config.set("INFO", "name", "ken")
with open("example.ini", 'w') as configfile:
config.write(configfile)
And this would create the example.ini file with below content:
[INFO]
link = www.codeforests.com
name = ken
I have created another two separate articles to cover the .json and .yaml format, please have a look if you are interested.
As per always, welcome any comments or questions.
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How Pulling An All-Nighter Affects Your Brain
See Author Article Here
By Cory Stieg
PHOTOGRAPHED BY MICHAEL BECKERT.
When your body says, “sleep,” but your anxietysays, “not until you finish this project,” sometimes your mind gets the best of you. The next thing you know, it’s morning, and you’ve pulled an all-nighter. Whether you’re a student, a busy parent, a burnt-out employee, or some combination of all of those things, chances are you’ve been in this situation.
The morning after an all-nighter, you feel like a shell of yourself: it’s harder to concentrate, make decisions, respond to impulses, and think creatively when you’re sleep deprived. From a scientific standpoint, this all makes sense, because your body needs sleep to function, even down to a cellular level.
A 2015 study in the journal PLOS One showed that a night of missed sleep can lead to structural changes in the brain. Another 2017 study out of the University of California Los Angeles found that sleep deprivation disrupts brain cells’ ability to communicate, which is why you experience so many “mental lapses” after a sleepless night. The hormone cortisol also follows a specific pattern overnight, but without sleep, cortisol can’t drop, and your body will feel confused the next day. And finally, we also know based on animal studies that, over time, sleep deprivation can increase buildup of a protein that’s associated with Alzheimer’s disease. So, sleep is a pretty big deal.
A good night’s sleep is a reset process for the brain and body the next day, says Alexis Halpern, MD, emergency medicine physician at New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center. “Sleep allows the body’s cells to reenergize, and the brain to clear waste and toxins from the day, and make space for memories and learning,” she says. Most of the time, pulling an all-nighter is not worth it, because you’ll feel both miserable and moody the next day. But sometimes, an all-nighter really is necessary.
As an emergency medicine doctor, Dr. Halpern has experience staying up all night to work a night shift in the ER. She believes you can never really “catch up” on sleep, but there are a few things she does it make her necessary all-nighters less miserable. The day before an overnight, Dr. Halpern will sleep as late as possible into the afternoon, then try to do some light exercise to get her body energized. “I eat light meals, and I only drink coffee right before I go in,” she says. “I definitely avoid a heavy dinner and make sure to bring a lot of snacks — preferably healthy, because a sugar rush overnight leads to a terrible crash at a time the body wants to be asleep.” Afterwards, she’ll come home and sleep until the afternoon, then try to go to bed at a normal time.
While the health effects of shift work are complex, Dr. Halpern says it can take a few days to get back on track with a sleep schedule like hers. Even so, she doesn’t recommend pulling an all-nighter if you have the choice. No matter how stressed you are, it’s important to remember that sleep is more than just a break from your work, it’s a complex and necessary biological process. Bottom line: You’re probably better off doing a little less work and getting a little more sleep, she says. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Suburbs of Nelson
The Suburbs of Nelson is a former parliamentary electorate around the city of Nelson, New Zealand from 1861 to 1881.
Population centres
The electorate covered the area around the Nelson urban area. The had four polling places: the Institute in Richmond, the school house in Stoke, the Provincial Hall in Nelson and the school house in Hillside, then called Suburban North but now known as Wakapuaka (the school stood above the road at the turn off to Glenduan ). In the, polling places were at Waimea East, Stoke, the Provincial Hall and Wakapuaka.
History
The electorate was formed for the 1861 election and existed until 1881. This period covered the 3rd to the 7th Parliament.
Fedor Kelling, who had previously represented the electorate, intended the contest the 1861 election for Suburbs of Nelson. At a meeting with electors in Stoke, it was decided that there is no real difference in political opinion between Kelling and James Wemyss, the other contender for the position. Kelling thus stepped back from the contest. Wemyss, who was away from the district for the month during the election campaign, had placed a long advertisement in The Colonist outlining his political opinion. This was published on 22 January 1861. The nomination meeting for the election was held at the school house in Stoke on Monday, 28 January 1861. Wemyss was the only candidate proposed and was thus declared elected unopposed. The meeting was poorly attended, with "few more there than his proposer and seconder".
Before the first session of the 3rd Parliament began (on 3 June 1861), Wemyss resigned as he had to leave New Zealand temporarily and was likely to miss the whole session, but he did not want to leave the electorate unrepresented. The day after Wemyss had placed his resignation by advertisement into The Colonist, William Wells announced his candidacy by advertising in the Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle. Wells had also previously represented the Waimea electorate (–1858). At the nomination meeting at the school house in Stoke on Thursday, 20 June, Wells was the only person proposed and was thus declared elected unopposed. The nomination meeting for the was held at the school house in Wakapuaka, Atawhai. Alfred Fell (father of Charles Fell) proposed Wells and with there being no other candidate, Wells was declared elected unopposed. Wells retired at the end of the term of the 4th Parliament in 1870.
The was contested by Fedor Kelling and Ralph Richardson. Kelling was a supporter of Julius Vogel's public works scheme, whilst Richardson was opposed to it. At the nomination meeting, held at the Provincial Hall on 26 January 1871, the show of hands went eleven to ten in favour of Kelling. On polling day (7 February 1871), Kelling and Richardson received 89 and 130 votes, respectively. The official declaration of the poll was held on the following day, and Richardson was announced elected. Richardson resigned on 31 March 1873 "owing to urgent private affairs which require[d his] immediate departure for England".
The resignation caused the. At the nomination meeting on 9 May, Charles Elliott, Andrew Richmond and Fedor Kelling were proposed. At the show of hands, they received 7, 15 and 6 votes, respectively. On 13 May, Kelling retired from the election and placed an advertisement in the Nelson Evening Mail, stating that he wanted to avoid vote splitting and urging electors to support Richmond instead, so that the Vogel Ministry can continue with their public works programme. On polling day on Wednesday, 14 May, Richmond and Elliott received 146 and 70 votes, respectively. Richmond was thus declared elected. Richmond had previously represented (1861–1868), whilst Elliott had represented Waimea (1855–1858).
The 5th Parliament was dissolved on 6 December 1875 and a nomination meeting was held on 21 December in preparation for the next general election. William Wells nominated, and Fedor Kelling seconded the candidacy of Andrew Richmond. The other candidate put forward was William Rout, who at the time was a member of the Nelson Provincial Council (representing the Nelson electorate 1873–1876). The show of hands was 20 to 8 in favour of the incumbent. The election was held on 30 December, with Richmond and Rout receiving 125 and 98 votes, respectively. Richmond was thus declared re-elected.
The 6th Parliament was dissolved on 15 August 1879 and a nomination meeting was held on 2 September in preparation for the next general election. Andrew Richmond was nominated by William Wells and seconded by Fedor Kelling. Other candidates proposed were Hugh Henry Stafford and William Wastney. The show of hands was eleven for Richmond, eleven for Wastney, and two for Stafford. The election was held on 8 September, and Richmond gained a slight majority over Wastney. Richmond, Wastney and Stafford received 112, 101 and 53 votes, respectively. Richmond died suddenly on 15 November 1880 aged 48, and this caused a by-election early in.
At the nomination meeting on 3 January, Arthur Collins and Arthur Harley were proposed, with Collins winning the show of hands by 19 to 14. Oswald Curtis proposed Collins and William Harkness (father of Joseph Harkness) seconded him. Collins had previously represented the electorate (1868–1873) and was a conservative politician, whilst Harley had rather liberal ideas. Collins won the election on 11 January by 189 votes to 59.
Election results
The electorate was represented by five members of parliament:
Key | WIKI |
Optical Beam Diagnostics
The diagnostic table
diagnostic table
The beam enters the diagnostic station from either the U27 (bottom) or U100 undulator (right hand side). A part of the beam is separated by means of a beam splitter (10) for power monitoring and wavelength measurement using a Czerny-Turner type spectrometer (2-6). The monochromator is equipped with a 48-channel pyroelectric linear detector array (5). When analysing the spontaneous undulator radiation, which is by 6 orders of magnitude weaker than the laser radiation, the beam splitters (10) are replaced by mirrors. The more sensitive measurements can be performed by Hg-Cd-Te or Ge-Ga detectors using a second exit slit.
The repetition rate of the IR light pulses can be reduced from the 13 MHz down to 2 kHz-1 Hz by means of a semiconductor plasma switch (11) excited by a synchronized Nd:Vanadate laser/amplifier system (8). The pulse power can continuously be reduced by an attenuator (9) by 3 - 38 dB. A polarization rotator (12) consisting of three metall mirrors as installed at FELIX allows the polarization to be changed from horizontal to vertical.
A second-order autocorrelator setup (13) measures the pulse length.
The macropulse signal and the micro pulse signal will be available for triggering and synchronization.
This laboratory as well as the other user labs will be equipped with PCs under Windows NT 4.0 or LINUX. They will have IEEE 488, RS 232/485 interfaces, MIO-Boards and a 100BaseT card. Applications may be developed with LabView resp. BridgeView.
× | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Translation talk:National Anthem of the Republic of China
It should be "National Anthem of the Republic of China" (Republic of China = Taiwan, Taiwan =/= China, China = People's Republic of China)
People's Republic of China has its own National Anthem.
* Corrected. Now "National Anthem of the People's Republic of China" redirect to "March of the Volunteers". --Ellery 03:11, 11 April 2007 (UTC) | WIKI |
Daule, Esmeraldas
Daule is a small town located south of the city of Esmeraldas in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. The town is located on the Pacific Ocean side of Ecuador and the population is about 760 residents in the immediate town.
Geography
Today Daule lies within the provincia of Esmeraldas, the canton of Muisne, and the parroquia of Daule itself. Muisne contains the following major cities/towns in its area; Pedro Carlo, Union of Daule, Tola, Maldonado, Bellavista, and Daule. Muisne has an area of about 107 km² with a population of about 1,755 people. The Town of Daule is located by the global coordinates of 0.40556°N, -80.01278°W. The average elevation is approximately 3–5 meters above sea level. A dirt road leads into town which is about 1 km long which then meets a paved highway and bus shelter. The population of Daule is approximately 760 people.
Daule is located on the west coast of Esmeraldas on the side of the bay. On the east side there are shrimp farms and pointing north the bay is open to the sea. The houses are lined in rows that are parallel to the beach.
History
The town was founded by Juan Clamante Estrada. He owned much of the land where Daule sits today and invested the land in the shrimp and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) industry. He eventually sold some of his land to the government and passed his inheritance to his son Ruben Estrada Gracia. Due to the economic disaster in the agricultural industry, Ruben Estrada Gracia's son Tomas Estrada Mendoza, was forced to sell most of his 500 km² shrimp farms over to the Ecuadorian government and international investors. Besides the small ownership of the farms, the citizens of Daule do not own the land; even though the residence owns the houses that they live in. None of the citizens pay taxes.
Demographics
The town of Daule is about 107 square kilometers in area. The population of Daule is about 1,755 people, of which 54.3% is male and 45.6% is female.
Economy
In a late 1990s a series of financial crises caused the government to abandon its own currency, the sucre, and adopted the U.S. dollar. Ecuador formally adopted the U.S. dollar in the year 2000. Introducing a stronger currency caused great inflation that deeply affected the agricultural industry.
The town of Daule only has two well defined small markets and one bar, however residents do sell various items from their own homes. These items include crops, fish, and crafts. The shrimp farms are taken care of by one person with a regular salary. Every two weeks five or more residents are asked to work for a one-day-pay to help collect and export shrimp to the main city. Most residents have to rely on individual fishing profits.
Politics
There are seven political parties in the area, but the most important ones include; Partido Social Cristiano (PSC), Partido Rosdoldista Ecuatoriano (PRE), and Partido Sociadad Patriotica (PSP). The PSP is the main party in Daule and participants of the political party represent the town in a committee. The town is democratic and is part of the Alianza 3 – 25 division of the PSP party. The following residences of Daule make up the committee:
Coordinator Daule – Sr. Simon Ferrin Sub - Coordinator – Cristian Ismael Solorzano Secretary – Olger Roberto Ortiz Treasurer – Rocio Nilda Gracia
The police and representatives of the PSP committee work together to implement policies and projects in the area. The following residents of Daule work in the police station as part of the Alianza 3 – 25:
Head Chief – Frixon Garcia Bravo Policeman First Division – Teresa Chila Policeman Second Division – Segando Tauri Policeman Third Division – Reina Berina
Education
In the Canton of Muisne 58% of the people are illiterate, while of the other 42% of the people; 20% has a middle school education, 6% has a high school education, and 2% has a college education. To improve the education system in this area the Ecuadorian NGO Fondo Ecuatoriano Populorum Progressio (FEPP) of Italy is working to donate books to help students read, but the schools in many of the parroquinas do not have adequate teachers or room capacity. Another organization from the 'Divino Nino' foundation organized by the Alianza 3 – 25, which is part of the PSP party, focuses on improving healthcare and education. This organization is not working to full potential due to monetary constraints.
In an interview with Ana Estrada Gracias, who is one of the teachers in Daule that has worked for 15 years, gave a strong feedback about the education in Daule. The school of Daule has first grade and continues on to seventh grade. Students continuing their education have to leave the town to a large town. During the first years the students are taught to read, write, add, subtract, divide, and multiply, and their national history. The school has three classrooms in which 140 students attend. Due to the lack of space classrooms have to be divided with curtains and each cubicle has two teachers, each teaching on opposite sides of the classroom. A major problem is that not all children are on the same intellectual level due to lack of proper schooling.
The tuition for the school in Daule is five dollars per year and this includes books and supplies. The Canton of Muisne pays for the school teachers. Illiterate adults can take classes in writing and reading which are subsidized by the government.
In another interview with Eva Francis, who is a teacher at the school says that "out of the forty students the joined first grade, on average only six of them will graduate from seventh grade. The main problem is due to the lack of discipline, family obligations, and money".
Health care and public issues
Adults in the town do not have any form of retirement or health care plans. There are no hospitals, clinics, or nurseries within the town. The government believes that the citizens can work well into their seventies. Occasionally food trucks come and deliver food for free, but they have little sympathy for adults who they believe should be able to work. Malaria and yellow fever is a prevalent problem in the area due to the amount of insects such as mosquitoes. In addition to insect spread illnesses, gastrointestinal problems exist due to the lack of clean drinking water.
Due to the geography of the town, the town is vulnerable to sea level rise from tropical storms. The water enters through the north side where the cemetery is located. Once the town is partly drowned by water, the terrain made up of sand and the surrounding shrimp farms makes the water harder to evaporate or be absorbed. This has a huge economic effect as well as a major impact with health issues. It is difficult to find a solution for the flooding because the town already suffers from socially and economical issues. If anything, the flooding makes problems worse for the people of Daule.
Environmental issues
There are no established landfill facilities or recycling programs established, except for the use of glass bottles. Because of the lacking structured garbage system, garbage can be found anywhere and everywhere in the town. These areas include the beaches, the water, and the streets.
The town has two major sources of drinking water. One of which is located next to a local church is a highly contaminated and is high in salinity. The second source is from a local river that is much cleaner.
Erosion is a major problem is Daule because of the soil make up. The soil consists mostly of sand. In addition, there are no controls on cutting down tree and shrubs in the area. This causes the soil to more easily erode away. Erosion also occurs when storms hit the area and the sea rises. When the sea rises the water currents carry the soils out to sea.
Water quality
The town of Daule can get its water from four major sources: the water in front of the town, imported bottled water, a nearby river, and a well that is beside the church. The water in front of the town essentially comes from the Pacific Ocean. Imported bottled water is an expensive alternative. The water from a nearby river still costs money for transportation. Water from the church well is free but contains a lot of salt.
From the data and observation, the best water for drinking is the water from a nearby river. However, further data must be collected over a longer period of time. Also, bacterial and microbial tests need to be completed.
Current developments
In late August 2006, a group of students traveled to Ecuador on behalf of Engineers Without Borders – Bucknell University Chapter to begin assessment of the town and begin a study of Daule, Ecuador. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the infrastructure of the community and to advise the village leaders on the procedure for submitting a project request to Engineers Without Borders or similar organizations. The team consisted of three students, a chapter mentor, and a Peace Corps volunteer.
In March 2007, a group of students traveled to Ecuador on behalf of Engineers for a Sustainable World – The Pennsylvania State University chapter to extend the study of the previous trip to Ecuador. The purpose of the study was to undergo an extensive community assessment and topographical survey of the town to determine the appropriate action for a solution to the community development and flood control problem. The team consisted of four students, four faculty advisors, a Peace Corps volunteer, and two non-traveling students.
Elevation survey of Daule
The survey map shows the general contour of the town of Daule. Zero is set in the corner of town near a telephone pole as seen on the map. The general trend shows that the highest elevation is near the ocean and decrease as on moves away from the ocean toward the levee. This explains why there is always standing water in the town near the levee and why water during storms has difficulty draining out of the town.
Housing and street layout
The map is the actual street layout of all of the housing in Daule. | WIKI |
Breast cancer: Women who are early risers have lower risk
(CNN)Women who are naturally early risers were found to have lower risk of developing breast cancer than evening types in a new study. One in 100 women who considered themselves morning people developed breast cancer, compared with two in every 100 women who called themselves evening people. Cancer risks associated with a person's body clock and sleep patterns have been reported in previous research and the UK researchers wanted to explore sleep traits in more detail, as well as any genetic factors underlying this. Self-reported preferences for mornings or evenings (by their own definition of that preference) were recorded in more than 180,000 women, led by Dr. Rebecca Richmond, research fellow in the Cancer Research UK Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Program and the Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, and presented Tuesday at the NCRI Cancer Conference in Glasgow. Richmond's team also analyzed genetic variants linked to whether someone is a morning or night person in more than 220,000 women to find out if these could help provide a causal link to breast cancer. This type of statistical model, called Mendelian randomization, showed that people whose genes made them more likely to be early risers were less likely to develop breast cancer by as much as 48%, as shown from the 220,000 participants in the study. The second analysis, using self-reported data on sleep from 180,000 participants, showed a similar trend of early rising women having a 40% lower risk of breast cancer. The variation is due to technical differences, stated Richmond. Women who self-reported sleeping more than the average seven to eight hours per night were also found to have a slightly increased risk of breast cancer, of 20% per extra hour slept, according to the team's Mendelian randomization analysis. But the team point out that many factors are involved in a person developing breast cancer and that these numbers are not an absolute risk. Also, the findings cannot be applied across populations as the majority of women included were of European ancestry. "Sleep is likely to be an important risk factor for breast cancer, but it isn't as large as other well-established risk factors like BMI or alcohol," said Richmond. The American Cancer Society says 45% of cancer deaths in the United States are linked to modifiable risk factors, such as cigarette smoke, excess body weight, eating red and processed meat and physical inactivity. Around 4% of US cancer deaths were linked to drinking alcohol and the Breast Cancer Now charity warns that any alcohol intake increases the risk of breast cancer. And obesity is set to become the leading preventable cause of breast cancer for women in the UK, according to a report from earlier this year. "We know that sleep is important generally for health," said Richmond. "These findings have potential policy implications for influencing sleep habits of the general population in order to improve health and reduce risk of breast cancer among women." Our circadian rhythms, or body clocks, control bodily functions such as sleep patterns, blood pressure and metabolism and when disturbed can increase the risk of cancers and other diseases. Richmond's team conducted their genetic analysis in hope of digging into possible causes and consequences of this link. However, experts warn more research is needed and the existing findings cannot be applied more widely. "The statistical method used in this study, called Mendelian randomization, does not always allow causality to be inferred," said Dipender Gill, clinical research training fellow at Imperial College London. "For example, the genetic determinants of sleep may also affect other neuronal mechanisms that affect breast cancer risk independently of sleep patterns. In such a scenario, sleep patterns may be associated with risk of breast cancer, but not directly cause it." Stephen Burgess, a post doctoral fellow at the University of Cambridge added that a mechanism to explain the link is also not known or understood. "The authors do not show any biological mechanism by which sleep timing preference could influence breast cancer risk. Another limitation is that sleep timing preference (chronotype) is self-reported, and the investigation did not specifically recruit individuals with different sleep patterns, such as night-shift workers," Burgess wrote in the comments of the study. The study has yet to be published in a medical journal. Gill added that it has not been peer-reviewed by other experts in the field yet. Read: Sleep: Do you get enough? Not as large as other factors Richmond stressed that the 48% lower risk was identified among "extreme" cases, where people identified themselves as "definite" morning people out of the five categories they could chose from -- definite morning, more morning than evening, neither, more evening than morning, definite evening. "Sleep is likely to be an important risk factor for breast cancer," she said. But it isn't as large a risk factor as other well established ones, such as weight or alcohol consumption, added Richmond. Night owls shouldn't be worried by the findings, said Richmond. "I wouldn't support that women should get up earlier to reduce risk of breast cancer." There are theories around the causes of sleep's effect on cancer, she said, such as the idea that artificial light at night leads to hormonal disruption. Dr. Sowmiya Moorthie, senior policy analyst in epidemiology at PHG Foundation, who was not involved in the research, added that the study's major strength is the use of "multiple approaches to examine the links between sleep traits and breast cancer, which allows the researchers to demonstrate consistency in their findings." "In terms of the implications of the research, it supports existing evidence that sleep patterns influence cancer risk, but it remains unclear how individual preferences for early or late rising interact with actual sleep behaviours," Moorthie wrote in an email. Correction: A previous version of this story incorrectly stated the percentage of US cancer deaths linked to alcohol. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Frequently Asked Questions
GEMINI
1. Why Gemini?
At NetSpeed, we speak 4 languages: Flexibility, Scalability, Deadlock-free and Physical-awareness in a coherent fashion. We strongly feel, and many customers agreed, that system architect should have the freedom to build any cache hierarchy as they think the best for the application. Gemini does exactly that. By giving customer a fully distributed cache hierarchy solution, Gemini unleashes the physical design constraints and allows SOC blocks to be placed anywhere on the die while still meeting timing at ease with NetSpeed physical-aware synthesis / design capture platform – NocStudio.
2. Who can use Gemini?
Any existing AMBA based SOC with coherency can benefit from Gemini's full configurability. Instead of having a semi-fixed coherency block, Gemini offers 3 flexibly placable components: CCC - Directory based Cache Coherency Controller IP, IOCB - IO Coherent Bridge / Accelerator and DVM - Distributed Virtual Memory. Each component can be instantiated as many times as needed and can be placed at any desirable location. NocStudio synthesis engine can then construct the NoC with Gemini to satsify the requirements cohrently and non-coherently, functionally and physically.
3. What protocol can Gemini support?
As Gemini is a superset of Orion – NetSpeed non-coherent solution, in addition to the standard non-coherrent AMBA protocols: AXI4, AXI3, AHB, APB, etc., Gemini supports ACE, ACE-Lite and ACE-Lite w/ DVM. Gemini is the industry first single solution to esnure a deadlock free NoC for the entire system.
4. Why do I need multiple CCC in my SOC?
For starters, a single CCC who can manages all coherency traffic is probably good enough. As complexity increases in modern SOCs, having multiple CCCs can increase the overall coherent bandwidth. Secondly, distributed directory means smaller directory RAM size for each CCC, therefore it will reduce overall system latency due to faster memory access time. Lastly multiple CCCs provides placement flexibility where each CCC can be placed as close as possible to their connecting coherent masters, respectively.
5. Why buy Gemini?
• Innovate: Unlike other fixed-point solutions, Gemini offers unlimited configurability. This allows architects to design the interconnect to fit their needs instead of designing the system to fit the interconnect.
• Simplify: Gemini takes the pain out of building coherent systems. We are deadlock-free both at protocol and network level. We offer an integrated performance simulator to test your ideas in minutes, not months.
• Excel: Gemini beats our competition's performance numbers... by a lot. The combination of NocStudio and our innovation in the coherency IP (CCC, IOCB, Directory) offers much better latency than our competitors.
GEMINI
1. What kind of address mapping supported between master ports, address range, address interleave, load balance, or others?
Slaves or targets may have one or more address ranges. A master device may access all or a subset of these address ranges. Furthermore, though a slave address range may be accessible to a master device, it may be disabled, or selectively enabled for reads or writes, or for accesses with secure privilege. The initial register map and access privileges can be set up through NocStudio, but it may be modified in silicon through Regbus programming. Address mapping could be highly interleaving with different granularities.
2. Does Gemini support speculative read?
Yes, Gemini supports speculative read.
3. Is there any dummy snooping after being filtered?
No, Gemini does not need to do any dummy snooping. We have a directory based solution that filters unncessary snoops.
4. Does Gemini support partial clock gating or shutdown?
Yes, we support partial clock gating under system firmware control or NoC adaptive control.
5. Does Gemini have transaction splitter for I/O coherent masters?
Yes. Gemini supports transaction splitter for I/O coherent masters.
6. How does Gemini support WriteUnique transactions?
Yes. Gemini supports WriteUnique in order.
7. How does Gemini support exclusive transactions?
Gemini provides transportation for non-coherent exclusive transactions. It also supports coherent exclusive transactions with tracking address per agent.
8. How does Gemini support barrier transactions?
For IO coherent transactions, Gemini propagates them through the network whereas for others it waits for the prior transactions to complete.
9. Is it supported to route coherent and non-coherent accesses to different master ports?
Yes, Gemini can route coherent and non-coherent accesses to different master ports.
10. Could the snoop to ACE slave ports be disabled dynamically?
Yes, slave ports could be disabled dynamically.
11. What kind of QoS algorithm is supported in Gemini?
NetSpeed Gemini supports multiple QoS mechanisms: traffic isolation, strict priority-based and weighted allocations. Additionally, NoC virtual channels are algorithmically optimized to best fit floorplan, connectivity and to reduce power.
12. Does Gemini provide performance monitors?
NetSpeed Gemini supports multiple performance registers in the NoC. These performance registers are programmable and can be used to measure bandwidth, latency and other notable events at runtime. These performance registers are accessible through a separate physical layer called the “RegBus”.
GEMINI
1. Can we get the bandwidth or latency number after reading any performance register?
Yes, NetSpeed Gemini supports multiple performance registers in the NoC. These performance registers are programmable and can be used to measure bandwidth, latency and other notable events at runtime. These performance registers are accessible through a separate physical layer called the “RegBus”.
2. How do we debug the bus behavior?
We provide a comprehensive set of debug mechanism to enable pre-silicon and post-silicon verification and debugging. Some of the capabilities/features include:
• Detailed NoC routing information
• RTL simulation-based checkers and monitors
• Automated debugging tools
• Quick dependency & deadlock analysis
GEMINI
1. Can it support asynchronous clock domain crossing? Can it support synchronous clock domain crossing (clock ratio from 1:N to N:1)?
Yes, we support both async as well as a 1:N and N:1 clock domain crossing.
2. What kind of dynamic clock gating does Gemini support?
External system level clock gating, adaptive coarse grained clock gating (which automatically gates inactive blocks) and fine grained clock gating.
3. Does Gemini support partial clock gating or shutdown?
Yes, we support partial clock gating under system firmware control or NoC adaptive control.
GEMINI
1. If we need to divide NoC to many voltage domains, do you have any asynchronous voltage domain crossing bridge?
Yes, we will allow insertion of async FIFOs in our router than will enable asynchronous voltage domain crossing bridge as well.
2. If we need to divide NoC to many power domains, can we divide the bus anywhere?
Yes, the NoC can be divided across power domain boundaries. On top of this, Gemini provides a comprehensive Low Power solution. It optimizes power-domain allocation based on SoC level power profiles and power mixes. A demo of NocStudio will be able to demonstrate our sophisticated low-power approach. Please contact us for more details.
GEMINI
1. Could it support ARM's Trust Zone feature?
Gemini supports ARM Trust Zone controller which gates the memory. In addition, Gemini also provides fine-grained features of secure memory access. With address ranges specified for slave bridges, master bridges could be set up to have restricted access to specific slave address ranges. For Coherent Cache, the “secure/non-secure” protection bit of AXI channels are also used, in conjunction with the cache directories, to ensure secure cache access.
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EMERY v. FORD.
1. Negligence — Personal Injuries — Contributory Negligence.
In an action for personal injuries alleged to have been caused by the negligence .of an employee of defendant while driving an automobile, in which plaintiff was a passenger, the questions of the driver’s negligence, plaintiff’s contributory negligence, and the. extent of the latter’s injuries, held, on the record, issues of fact for the jury.
2. Same — Principal and Agent — Liability op Principal — 'Evidence — Sueeiciency.
In an action for’ personal injuries caused by an automobile accident, where the defendant denied liability for the driver’s negligence, testimony held, sufficient from which the jury could legitimately find that the driver of the car was directed by one of defendant’s agents to get the automobile and take plaintiff with him to the city for which they were bound when the injury to plaintiff was received.
On excessiveness of verdicts in action for damages other than death, see note in L. R. A. 1915F, 30.
3. Same — Implied Authority From Principal to Use Automobile.
Testimony by defendant’s agent, who bad general charge of the work of collecting certain ballots all over the State, that transportation was not discussed or even thought of, held, to imply authority for those in charge of the details of said work to obtain such means of transportation as they thought best served the undertaking, including the use of automobiles.
4. Principal and Agent — Delegation oe Power Carries Authority to do Reasonably Necessary Acts — Doing Forbidden Acts —Torts.
In the law of agency it is a fundamental principle that every delegation of power carries with it authority to do all things which are reasonably necessary or proper to efficiently carry into effect the power conferred, unless it be a thing specifically forbidden; and as to torts against third parties, even doing a forbidden thing is not always the test, if the agent is acting within the scope of his employment.
5. Same — Negligent Act Within Scope oe Employment.
Testimony that the driver of the automobile was acting within the scope of his employment by defendant at the time his alleged negligence caused plaintiff’s injuries, held, sufficient to take the case to the jury, under proper instructions.
6. Trial — Credibility oe Witnesses.
The credibility of witnesses is for the jury.
7. Damages — Personal Injuries — Excessive Verdict.
A verdict for $10,000 for personal injuries consisting of a fractured skull, two broken ribs, one injured eye, loosened teeth, seriously sprained spine causing excessive and protracted shock to the nervous system, the effects of which, the testimony showed, may be permanent, cannot be said to be excessive.
Error to Wayne; Webster (Arthur), J.
Submitted April 23, 1925.
(Docket No. 34.)
Decided March 20, 1926.
Case by Benjamin F. Emery against Henry Ford for personal injuries. Judgment for plaintiff. Defendant brings error.
Affirmed.
Lucking, Hanlon, Lucking & Van Auken (P. J. M. Hally, of counsel), for appellant.
McClear, Newman, Penniman & Toy (Thomas A. Kenney, of counsel), for appellee.
Motor Vehicles, 28 Cyc. pp. 48, 49, 49 New;
Id., 28 Cyc. p. 47.
Motor Vehicles, 28 Cyc. p. 39;
Agency, 2 C. X §§ 220, 533;
Motor Vehicles, 28 Cyc. p. 48;
Trial, 38 Cyc. p. 1518;
Damages, 17 C. J. § 408.
Steere, J.
On June 25, 1924, plaintiff recovered a judgment of $10,000 against defendant in the circuit court of Wayne county as damages for personal injuries sustained on March 12, 1919, in an automobile accident while riding from Detroit to Mt. Clemens, caused by the overturning of the Ford car in which he was riding with a man named Villerot, who was; driving. Only the two men were in the car at the time of the accident and their mission together on that occasion was in connection with a senatorial election contest between defendant, Henry Ford, and Truman H. Newberry. Villerot was one of a number of men employed to represent Ford in transferring the senatorial election ballots, cast throughout the State at the preceding election, from the ballot boxes to temporary receptacles for proper preservation and shipment to Washington available for recount by the United States senate. Plaintiff was one of the men acting in a like capacity for Newberry.
A certificate of election as United States senator at the fall election of 1918 had been issued to Newberry, and Ford as a rival candidate contested the election. Directed primarily to preservation of the ballots, he instituted an injunction proceeding in the Federal court entitled Henry Ford v. Truman H. Newberry and others, wherein an order was entered on March 7,1919, by consent of counsel for the respective parties, providing in substance that upon proper notice to counsel for the respective parties arrangements should be promptly made to transfer the senatorial ballots, tally sheets, etc., from ballot boxes throughout the State required for use at the April, 1919, election to temporary receptacles preparatory to the sergeant-at-arms of the United States senate taking possession of them, “such transfers to be made by each custodian in the presence of the representatives of the said Henry Ford and Truman H. Newberry.” The temporary receptacles were to be carefully fastened and sealed. All expenses in giving notice of the times and places of transfers and providing the temporary receptacles for such ballots were to be borne by contestant Ford.
In this proceeding Alfred Lucking was attorney for Mr. Ford and James Murfin for Mr. Newberry. They took preliminary steps for harmoniously carrying out "the order of the court. Under Mr. Lucking, Mr. «Gerald Buckley was placed in direct charge of the details for Mr. Ford, and Mr. E. V. Chilson in like capacity for Mr. Newberry, with authority to cooperate in designating the times and places of transfer to be met by their respective agents or representatives and to witness the transfers. They were authorized to and did employ agents and representatives of their respective sides and provide facilities for that undertaking, including transportation as needed. Both sides had men in their employ while the transfer was in progress who were sent to various polling precincts throughout the State to meet notices or appointments for that purpose. Buckley was in direct charge of Ford’s agents and representatives in that service and Chilson of Newberry’s. Where such facilities were available those agents usually went to the place of transfer by train or trolley, but where the distance was short or the precincts away from those lines of travel automobiles were frequently used, just how many or often is somewhat in dispute.
Buckley and Chilson directed the details of this work in and from Detroit. It is undisputed that the men actually doing the work throughout the State took their instructions from them. Under their instructions Emery and Villerot had been working together, going to various polling places to supervise the transfers. At the time of the accident, as plaintiff claims, they were going to Mt. Clemens by direction of Buckley and Chilson to provide for and supervise a transfer of the senatorial ballots in that vicinity, making the journey together in a Ford car which Villerot, by order of Buckley, had obtained from a Ford agency at Highland Park for that purpose, and which by his negligent driving he capsized, severely injuring Emery.
The accident as such presented no novel questions of law as applied to the facts in controversy and in its essentials turns on issues of fact for the jury. That the car capsized under Villerot’s driving and injured Emery somewhat severely is not disputed, just how seriously and whether permanently is in dispute. The accident occurred on a practically straight strip of paved highway between Detroit and Mt. Clemens along which Villerot was driving, as he said, at a speed of 20 to 22 miles an hour when they saw ahead an approaching car with a motorcycle behind it going at greater speed. As they drew near the motorcycle swung out and passed that car. Emery’s version is that Villerot’s regular speed on the road was faster. As they saw the approaching car some distance away with the motorcycle about to pass it they were going 25 miles an hour or more. He called Villerot’s attention to it and cautioned him to be careful, but he suddenly increased his speed at the wrong time and swung out; that he then cautioned him to look out as he was going to skid but he did not check down and the capsize followed just after the motorcycle passed them on its right side of the road; that Emery himself was knocked unconscious and had no personal knowledge of what immediately ensued. Other witnesses saw and testified to the circumstances of the accident as observed from their point of view. There is testimony in the case tending to show that Villerot drove recklessly and the accident was imputable to his negligence. After a careful consideration of the record on that phase of the case we are of opinion that the questions of Villerot’s negligence, plaintiff’s contributory negligence and the extent of the latter’s injuries were issues of fact, which the court submitted to the jury in a careful and appropriate charge containing no error prejudicial to defendant.
The more urgently argued and fairly debatable question is defendant’s liability for Villerot’s negligence. That claim was exhaustively contested for the defense in the court below with pragmatic insistence, which led the court to suggest, “We are trying here to try a lawsuit on the merits,” but continual coming resulted in eliminating Buckley’s testimony from the case, although both sides refer to it in their briefs. Starting in the record before us at commencement of the trial and reading consecutively through plaintiff’s proofs, we find recorded as the second witness—
“Buckley, Gerald, deposition of, was read in evidence, as follows: Direct-examination by Mr. L.” (defendant’s counsel).
This direct-examination by defendant’s counsel of nine and one-half printed pages is followed by slightly over three pages of “cross-examination” by plaintiff’s counsel, after which are about two pages of redirect, re-cross and re-redirect-examination. The record discloses no objection of any kind to the introduction and reading of this deposition until four days later in the trial, when, near the close of plaintiff’s testimony, defendant’s counsel called up what he termed “a matter of importance,” and making certain statements of an introductory nature disclosed that the matter of importance upon which he wished to be heard was, that while introducing his proof plaintiff’s counsel had read Buckley’s depositions without announcing that he read them under the provisions of the statute as to an agent of the opposite party (3 Comp. Laws 1915, § 12554), was therefore bound by the witness’ testimony and could not impeach or contradict any portion of it. Plaintiff’s counsel insisted it was the understanding and agreement that either party might read the depositions in evidence as a substitute for swearing the witnesses in open court in the same manner as though they were produced. The written evidence of this claim was a letter from defendant’s counsel of October 24, 1923, stating his understanding as to production of certain other witnesses, saying, amongst other things:
“And, further, that the depositions of Gerald Buckley and Frances Erben, heretofore taken, may be read in evidence upon the trial by either party, without the necessity of again swearing the witnesses in open court.”
Because of what the court, after listening to the respective contentions, termed a “misunderstanding,” counsel for plaintiff offered, and asked the court, that the record show Buckley’s depositions were read and admitted in evidence subject to the provisions of the statute as to an ag'ent of the opposite party, which was insistently opposed by defendant’s counsel, and denied by the court. A protracted side7bar and crossbar debate ensued on that technical issue which covers some 26 pages of the printed record. Its details are not sufficiently illuminating or material to require discussion, but the ultimate result was that the court granted defendant’s motion to strike out Buckley’s depositions entirely, and later, on defendant’s motion, instructed the jury, amongst other things, that it was—
“stricken out for all purposes, that is, just the same as if it had not been testified to, you are in your own minds to strike out that testimony, forget it, blot it out entirely.”
It is not ours to reason why upon the condition which confronts us in that particular. This is an action at law, tried by jury. It was for the jury to decide the issues of fact from the evidence in the case. Buckley’s evidence was stricken out of the case and the jury so advised with instructions to ignore it in their deliberations, and it follows that we must do likewise in determining whether there was evidence in the case tending to support plaintiff’s claim that in taking Emery with him to Mt. Clemens in the automobile he drove Villerot was within the scope of his employment. He was not violating any' order not to do so, a controlling distinction in certain cases upon which defendant relies. He and Buckley were both regular employees of defendant, assigned at that time to the task of. transferring and collecting the senatorial ballots throughout the State for preservation and use in defendant’s election contest, with Buckley in authority over Villerot.
Villerot had been in defendant’s service for about eight years and at the time of the trial was employed in the purchasing department of the Ford Motor Company. Called as a witness for the defense, he testified, amongst other things, that about two weeks before the accident he was picked from his department by its head to report at the office of Ford’s attorney in the Ford building in Detroit in connection with the transfer of those election ballots, and during that service received his instructions from Buckley. He met Emery at Buckley’s headquarters prior to the time of the accident, and had done some automobile driving with him in connection with transfers of senatorial ballots in Bay county, using a car which Villerot obtained in Bay City from a Ford dealer. Emery then told him he had been there before and advised him as to what roads to take. The day before the accident (March 11, 1919) they were engaged in that work together at Pontiac. They left the Ford building together on the next morning with instructions to first go to Royal Oak and transfer some ballots there. He remembered hearing some discussion before they left “about Mt. Clemens, and the transfer to be arranged the next day, on the 12th,” but denied receiving instructions from Buckley to go there. They went to Royal Oak by trolley on the 12th (the day of the accident), and completed the transfers there by noon. He then called Buckley up by ’phone, and, as he testified:
“Asked him what I should- do next. He told me to stop at the Denk-Thompson garage at Highland Park for an automobile and report. Mr. Buckley said to get the automobile and drive down town and report at the office for further instructions. That is all that I remember. * * * We (he and Emery) discussed Mt. Clemens coming back from Royal Oak on the interurban cars. * * *
“Q. Now what was it that Mr. Emery said to you about Mt. Clemens, after you left Royal Oak?
“A. I can’t remember just what he said. He said something about a transfer at Mt. Clemens. It was between 11:20 and 12 o’clock, I would say, we got to Denk-Thompson. Mr. Emery and I went into the office of the garage and inquired about a car that we were supposed to get. * * * We were at the Denk-Thompson before we secured the car about 20 minutes to a half hour. After going down town we parked the car behind the Ford building and went up to the Lucking office in the Ford building. I went up there myself to see if Mr. Buckley was in. * * * I didn’t find Mr. Buckley. I didn’t find Mr. Buckley at all that noon time. I didn’t get anything at the office that noon time.”
He also stated that there were no bags for transfer of the ballots in the car and they got none during the noon hour; that he never received any instructions from Mr. Buckley to go to Mt. Clemens or to take Emery with him. Asked his reason for going there, he said that Emery suggested they go down to Mt. Clemens to try and locate the keys and seals. Asked if they always had to locate the keys and seals, he said it was necessary to have them to complete the transfer of ballots. Asked on cross-examination if he got further instructions when.he called up Buckley from Royal Oak and asked for them, he answered as follows:
“I got instructions to stop off at Highland Park and get an automobile. * * *
“Q. For what?
“A. For a transfer perhaps that afternoon of some outlying township.
“Q. Where?
“A. No definite place set.”
Emery testified that he was present on the morning of that day when Buckley and Chilson gave them their instructions. He and Villerot were to go to Royal Oak first and transfer the ballots there. Mr. Buckley told him to proceed to Royal Oak where they would make transfer and then go to Mt. Clemens. The arrangement as he heard and understood it was that, if possible, they were to make both Royal Oak and Mt. Clemens that day, saying;:
“We received instructions on the morning of the 12th in regard to the visit to Royal Oak and to Mt. Clemens. The arrangement was to proceed to Mt. Clemens, transfer the ballots in the city of Mt. Clemens, and to conclude the work that day if possible. If not, finish it in the morning, and then proceed to the several townships.”
Chilson was one of the two men put in direct charge of the details of collecting the ballots. He testified that his instructions when he took up the work were to assist in the transfer all over the State as rapidly as it could be done and he was in almost daily conference with Buckley at his office in the Ford building, “sometimes two or three times a day.” Of their method of carrying on the work, he explained:
“My practice was at this time to agree with Mr. Buckley that on such and such a day the ballots should be transferred at such and such a town, according to some ’phone conversation or telegram or something of that sort that either I or Mr. Buckley might receive from the election officials out in the State. For illustration, if some communication by way of ’phone or telegram had been received from a town like Howell, or any other town in Michigan, that got to my office, I would communicate with Buckley and tell him about it. If it came to him, he would communicate with me. We would then look over our schedule of what work we had on hand of different other towns or districts to transfer. And we would say, perhaps, we can cover that point two days from now, and we would agree on that. * * * It was Mr. Ford’s duty, through Buckley, and through these different representatives, to see that the temporary receptacles or bags were gotten to the place in time. I had nothing to do with furnishing the receptacles. They presented their receptacles, we agreed to it, and said it was satisfactory.”
Of their arranging for the trip in which the accident occurred, he said, in part:
“Mr. Buckley called me and said it was necessary to make a change in the schedule. Something had occurred in Macomb county that necessitated an immediate collection of ballots in that county. If I recall^ it, it was some extra or special election to be held_ in that county. I am not positive about that. I said, ‘Very well, Mr. Villerot and Mr. Emery were to be at Royal Oak or are at Royal Oak. I will communicate with Mr. Emery and have him at Mt. Clemens tomorrow morning.’ Mr. Buckley said he would do likewise with their representative, and to speed matters up they would provide a car and Mr. Villerot, their representative, and Mr. Emery, our representative, would drive to Mt. Clemens if we could get them together. I said, ‘that is perfectly satisfactory to us.’ * * * I was the man that directed Mr. Emery at all times, he was under my orders. He was not under Mr. Buckley’s orders at all, only as the combination worked out. Mr. Emery did not undertake to do anything unless I ordered him to do it, as to time and place of transferring ballots. * * * And Mr. Buckley’s men always followed his orders as to time and place, so far as I know. I had no direction of their men.
“Q. You had no right to direct a Ford man as to time and place?
“A. Only as we agreed upon things.
“Q. Only as you and Buckley had previously agreed on it, certainly?
“A. Yes, sir. * * *
“Q. Was there any reason why on March 12 or 13, Mr. Emery could not have gone to Mt. Clemens on the street car, so far as Mr. Newberry’s interests were concerned ?
“A. No.
“Q. Did you order him to ride out there with Villerot?
“A. Yes, after Mr. Buckley had said they wanted the car used.
“Q. They wanted the car used?
“A. Which he frequently did.
“Q. Just a moment. Never mind frequently. What do you mean, frequently, about Mt. Clemens?
“A. No, throughout the State.
“Q. Well, to reach points out in the State?
“A. They preferred to furnish the car they said.
“Q. Who said that?
“A. Mr. Buckley.
“Q. When?
“A. Shortly after we started work.
“Q. When was that, in the fall?
“A. Shortly after we started work on transferring the ballots.
“Q. And there were points in the State that could not be reached by rapid railway or street car or railroad that you had to witness a transfer?
“A. Oh, yes, a great many. * * * this arrange.ment about the cars was their own suggestion.
“Q. When was it that he said that about Mt. Clemens ?
“A. Shortly after — well the day that we agreed -to make the transfer at Mt. Clemens, or the day previous.
“Q. Had that been scheduled for four or five days?
“A. No, it was a quick shift, something unexpected came up, as I told you.
“Q. This was scheduled at Mt. Clemens for March 13 in the morning?
“A. I think so.
“Q. Was there any reason why Emery had to go out in an automobile that afternoon, then, to get that transfer ?
“A. I don’t think that is true. The transfer was to be made the same day that they left to make the transfer.”
We have no difficulty in concluding there is competent testimony in this record from which the jury could legitimately find that Villerot was directed by Buckley to get the car as he did and take Emery with him to Mt. Clemens for purposes of the transfer pursuant to the arrangement made between Buckley and Chilson, to which the latter testified. The remaining question on that phase of the case is whether there is any competent testimony in the record showing directly or by fair inference that in so doing Buckley was acting within the scope of his authority.
Defendant Ford, called by plaintiff under the statute, testified briefly, consistently, and comprehensively as to his participation in this transfer of ballots. His entire testimony is as follows:
“I filed a petition in the United States (court?) to preserve the senatorial ballots. Mr. Liebold was acting for me in all these matters. Mr. Liebold represents me. He is my general secretary, and he represents me in a great many things. He does anything that I designate him to do, that I lay out for him to do. He signs checks for me and has the complete management of many of my affairs. He had full power to act for me in this senatorial controversy. Mr. Liebold had charge of this recount and the transfer of ballots. He had full power to hire whoever he desired and go to any expense necessary, and I paid for it.”
Liebold testified that he was direct agent for defendant in a great many things, with authority to sign checks and transact general business. He knew of defendant’s suit in the Federal court relative to preserving the senatorial ballots, and when Alfred Lucking, who handled the matter before the senate committee and as attorney for defendant, arranged for modifying the restraining order as to the ballot boxes so that the boxes could be used at the ensuing election, he discussed the matter with him, and first testified as follows:
“The office of Mr. Alfred Lucking looked after the transfer of both ballots in detail for Mr. Ford. Mr. Buckley was formerly employed by the Ford Motor Company and was supplied as a man to carry out that work. I had knowledge at the time that he was there for that work. He was to do what he was told to do either jointly by — whatever he was instructed by me, or whatever Mr. Lucking instructed him to do. He looked after the counting of the ballots and saw that the men were sent to the proper place, and scheduled the towns where they were to be received, and so on. He was directed to do that. That was part of his work. I know Mr. Villerot. I met him once or twice prior to the counting of the ballots. He was taken out of the Ford Motor Company to supply some necessary help for that work. I did not hire him. He was paid by Henry Ford. Mr. Buckley’s salary was paid from Mr. Ford’s funds. I know that Mr. Buckley was one of the men that was going down to the Lucking office. I act for Mr. Ford whenever I feel there is occasion for me to use my own judgment, and have a right many times to act without consulting him.”
In direct-examination by defendant’s counsel, he testified that he first heard of the accident “possibly a year after” and until then had not learned that any of Ford’s witnesses had transported a Newberry witness anywhere, and he never understood it was any part of defendant’s duty to do so. On cross-examination he was asked and answered: .
_ “Q. As a matter of fact, Mr. Liebold, you never discussed the question of transportation or how the men were going to travel, at all, with Mr. Lucking, did you?
“A. No? I never did.
“Q. This matter was left, after the details of the transfer, to the office of Mr. Lucking, and Mr. Buckley?
“A. Well, to a certain extent, it was, yes. * * *
“Q. Whom do you mean by we? You say ‘We were in constant consultation’ in case of any emergency arising?
“A. Mr. Alfred Lucking and myself.
“Q. You consulted with Mr. Buckley?
“A. Well, possibly, if he was in the office, and anything happened that we were talking about, he might be called in to discuss it. * * *
“Q. Was there any such discussion in regard to how the Ford men should get to these places in Detroit and immediate vicinity?
“A. Not between us.
“Q. You left the schedules entirely to them?
“A. In detail, yes.
“Q. Did you O. K. the bills?
“A. I did after they were all paid and turned in, yes, approved them. * * *
“Q. As a matter of fact, Mr. Liebold, isn’t this true, that about the only time you would consult him at all in connection with the transfer of these ballots is when Mr. Lucking saw fit to call you?
“A. Well, yes, when he called me. I would usually go down to his office or he would discuss matters over the ’phone. I might be there once a week, I might be there once in two weeks, but we were in constant communication.
“Q. There were lots of times when you were out of the city?
“A. Yes, I was out of the city at different times.
“Q. During those times did Mr. Lucking handle the matter?
“A. He would, yes.
“Q. With full authority to go ahead as he saw fit?
“A. For the time being, yes. * * * If there had been any change made in the schedules by reason of some circumstances from the regular schedules of dates and places for transfers, I would not bother about that.”
It is undisputed that both Buckley and Villerot were at the time of the accident in the service of defendant, assigned as his agents to the task of transferring, collecting and preserving these ballots for his use in the senatorial election contest he had inaugurated. Primarily, Newberry had no interest in the preservation or transfer of these ballots, but as it was done at the instance of Ford, he had, and was granted by the court, the right of notice and opportunity to see that it was properly done. Legally the initiative and burden of this work rested on defendant. By cooperation of counsel under authority of their respective clients the undertaking was planned and the task efficiently and expeditiously performed.
It seems idle to quibble over whether or not Ford’s agents, or Newberry’s, had express authority direct from them to use automobiles in that work. It covered the entire State and contemplated every voting precinct in it, many of which were in villages and townships off the lines of trolley or steam railway transportation. Under the statute the sealed ballot box was in charge of the clerk, its keys held by the chairman of the election board and the seal in the hands of one of the election inspectors. If no mutual arrangements were made to have them assembled by their custodians at the county seat or some other convenient place for legal transfer the inspecting agents taking defendant’s bags for transfer would have to ride or walk by highways to where they were. Even Secretary Liebold would scarcely contend that by auto was not the most expeditious and economical way of meeting such a situation. The very fact, as Liebold tells, that transportation was never discussed or “never even thought of” implied authority for those in charge of the details to obtain such means of transportation as they thought best served the undertaking in which they were employed. Neither was. carrying the other’s agent who was assigned to the same inspection entirely one-sided in this co-operative undertaking. A witness for defendant named Lile, who was in the service of defendant and took part for a time in the transfer work in the northern part of the State, reporting to Buckley, told of two instances in the short time he was in that service where Newberry agents furnished free to him and drove the auto in which they made their trips out into the country to make transfers. Whether they owned or hired the cars they drove, or whether Ford ever paid for the use of a Ford car, is beside the mark. Liebold admits that as defendant’s agent he paid for repairing the damages done to the car when Villerot capsized it at the time of the accident. It is not shown that Villerot or Emery had any other reason for going to Mt. Clemens than the work in which they were engaged, nor that Buckley had any other reason for ordering Villerot to get the car that day. Even Villerot, who denies that he was instructed to go to Mt. Clemens, but went, understood it was to be used in that line of work, or, as he said, “for transfer perhaps that afternoon of some outlying townships.”
Liebold testified that Mr. Lucking’s office looked after the transfer of the ballots, and Buckley, who was in defendant’s employ, “was supplied as a man to carry out that work.” Buckley had a desk there, and carried out that work in and from there. Chilson, who acted in like capacity for Newberry, visited and conferred with him there almost daily and the men under him who were doing the actual transferring through the State took their orders from and reported to him there. That he was under the general supervision of Ford’s attorney, or Liebold, and subject to such instructions as they saw fit to give him, is not questioned, neither is there any proof that in carrying out that work lie ever did anything which they told him not to do or violated any instructions they gave him.
In the law of agency it is a fundamental principle that every delegation of power carries with it authority to do all things which are reasonably necessary or proper to efficiently carry into effect the power conferred, unless it be a thing specifically forbidden; and as to torts against third parties, even doing a forbidden thing is not always the test, if the agent is acting within the scope of his employment (Richard v. Manufacturing Co., 79 N. H. 380 [109 Atl. 88]; 2 C.J. p. 848).
We find there is ample testimony to carry the case to the jury on plaintiff’s theory that Villerot and Emery were acting together in the prosecution of their respective employers’ business as instructed by those in authority over them, in a joint journey to make a transfer requiring a representative of each side to be present and to expedite the work, or “speed matters up,” they were as Buckley had proposed going in a car furnished by defendant which his agent Villerot was driving.
“The question whether the act complained of was within the course of the employment, — the question whether the servant did the act on his own account or on his master’s, — the question whether the servant has simply made a detour or has entirely departed from the master’s service — these are questions which, when the facts are in dispute, or, though the facts are not in dispute, when more than one inference can reasonably be drawn from them, are questions for the jury under proper instructions from the court.” 2 Mechem on Agency (2d Ed.), p. 1491.
Those questions were rightly submitted to the jury by the court with plain and proper instructions, including supplemental requests by defendant, fully as favorable to the defense as any authority sustains.
It is also insisted that the case should be reversed because the verdict is excessive. Eliminating Emery’s testimony as to his injuries, which runs in the superlative but was for the jury to pass upon, there was other practically undisputed testimony, mostly medical, showing that he sustained a fractured skull, two broken ribs, an injured eye, loosened teeth and seriously sprained spine, causing excessive and protracted shock to his nervous system.
Dr. H. W. Hewitt, a practicing physician on the staff of the Grace hospital, testified that when Emery was brought there after the accident and he first saw him he was in a dazed condition and not entirely conscious, was nauseated and had a subnormal pulse; further saying, in part, as follows:
“I found he had a fracture of the skull, his left eye was swollen, his ninth and tenth ribs on his right side were broken. * * * His left hip joint was limited considerably in the motion we call flexion. * * * He had several abrasions about different parts of his body, especially on his legs and shoulders and other parts. We had several X-rays taken. Since leaving the hospital Mr. Emery has been under my observation. * * * I have a full understanding of his condition. Mr. Emery’s fracture was located on the left side of his head, starting up around in the temporal region, or a little further up, and had two or three fracture lines down this way, and one went around to the base of the skull. * * * The effect of such a fracture on a man’s general health and capacity depends entirely on the injury to the brain at the time. I ascertained what the injury to the brain was. The effect on the nervous system would be to produce a condition of emotional shock, and later a nervous exhaustion. That would be permanent in its character in many cases. It is in Mr. Emery’s case. I don’t believe he ever will make a complete recovery. * * * The result of this fracture was that it increased the intra-cranial pressure, that is, the pressure inside of the brain; and the direct result of that was a semi-conscious condition; and the ultimate result is more or less permanent injury to the nervous system in general. I should say that this injury produces a permanent defect. This injury resulted in a condition of nervous exhaustion. The symptoms of nervous exhaustion are lack of endurance, both physical and mental.”
Dr. Clark, a specialist in nervous and mental diseases who had belonged to the Grace Hospital staff for seven years, testified that on March 24th, having been called into conference by Dr. Hewitt, he examined Emery, saying, in part:
“I found him in bed in a subconscious condition, or cloudy mental condition, facial expression and general conduct was one of a person suffering considerable pain, symptoms of skull fracture, pains in temple region, left eye swollen and edamatous, central and latter incisors of jaw loose. * * * On the 28th his pulse was 60, temperature was 97, his respiration was 18. On the following day his condition was unsatisfactory. Did a lumbar puncture and spinal pressure. The spinal fluid much increased, amber color, instead of being the usual about 12 to 14 drops, I found it much increased. The spinal fluid shot out across the bed when I pulled out this trocar. It was an amber color. That denotes presence of blood in the cerebral spinal fluid. It would come from the spinal canal, the space around the spinal cord. * * * I saw him (Emery) yesterday between the hours of 3 and 5:15. Dr. Hewitt was present.”
Asked if there was any chance of his making an ultimate recovery, he replied as follows:
“Sometimes, in a small percentage of such excessive cases, extensive injuries as I observed, to these plates, the result of fracture of the skull and his general symptoms, sometimes a few, a small margin apparently, recover near normal until such a time as something comes along and tips them over, some little accident or something, and down they go again. It is few that really recover at his age, that make a permanent recovery. * * * He is somewhat improved from what I saw him in November, 1919. As to his future, I can only judge by those I have attended in the past. I would say that it was uncertain about his recovery; but I question in my own mind that he ever will completely recover.”
To the contrary of this, Villerot testified that Emery was able to- talk intelligently and to walk after the accident; that he rode back with him to Detroit that evening and took a street car to return alone to his own home. Certain men employed to shadow Emery after he left the hospital testified to his physical activities as they observed him when he did not know any one was watching, in marked contrast to his assumed crippled condition and manifestations of pain when conscious that he was under observation. Defendant’s only medical testimony was that of Dr. Klingman of Ann Arbor, an expert in nervous and medical diseases, who, in answer to hypothetical questions, gave extended qualified replies tending to show that Emery’s injuries from the accident were not permanent.
The credibility of all these witnesses was for the jury. And if they believed the testimony of plaintiff’s witnesses we cannot say that the amount of their verdict was excessive.
Defendant’s many other assignments of error have been carefully examined but we do not find them calling for serious discussion. The rules of law applicable to this case are well settled and the case was submitted to the jury on the facts under a full and fair charge in which we find no reversible error.
The judgment will stand affirmed.
Sharpe, Fellows, Wiest, Clark, and McDonald, JJ., concurred. Bird, C. J., did not sit.
Justice Moore took no part in this decision. | CASELAW |
Union Mill
Union Mill or Union Mills may refer to:
Communities
* Union Mills, a village on the Isle of Man
Windmills
* Union Mill, Appledore, a windmill in Kent
* Union Mills, Burnham Overy, a combined wind and watermill in Norfolk
* Union Mill, Beverley, a windmill in the East Riding of Yorkshire
* Union Mill, Cranbrook, a windmill in Kent
* Union Mill, Gainsborough, a windmill in Lincolnshire
* Union Mill, Gilberdyke, a windmill in the East Riding of Yorkshire
* Union Mill, Hackney, a windmill in Middlesex
* Union Mill, Lynstead, a windmill in Kent
* Union Mill, Onehouse, a windmill in Suffolk
* Union Mill, Whitby, a windmill in the North Riding of Yorkshire
* Union Mills, Thurning a windmill in Norfolk
* Boreas Union Mill, Pontefract, a windmill in the West Riding of Yorkshire
Watermills
* Union Mills, Burnham Overy, a combined wind and watermill in Norfolk
Textile mills
* Union Mills, Milnsbridge, Yorkshire
United States
(by state)
* Communities
* Union Mills, Indiana, an unincorporated community
* Union Mills, Iowa, an unincorporated community
* Union Mills, Maryland, an unincorporated community
* Union Mills, Virginia, an unincorporated community
* Union Mills, Pleasants County, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
* Watermills
* Union Mills (Fall River, Massachusetts), listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
* Union Mill Complex, Ballston Spa, NRHP-listed
* Other
* Union Mills Homestead Historic District, Westminster, Maryland, NRHP-listed
* Union Mills Superintendent's House, Olympia, NRHP-listed in Thurston County | WIKI |
(588b) Hydroxyl and Water Transport in Stable Anion Exchange Membranes
Authors:
Herring, A. M., Colorado School of Mines
Liberatore, M. W., Colorado School of Mines
Knauss, D. M., Colorado School of Mines
Coughlin, E. B., University of Massachusetts
Voth, G. A., Center for Biophysical Modeling and Simulation, University of Utah
Witten, T. A., University of Chicago
The potential of anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells to provide inexpensive compact power from a wider variety of fuels than is possible with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, has continued to drive the research interest in this area. Alkaline catalysis in fuel cells has been demonstrated with non-precious metal catalysts, and with a variety of fuels beyond H2and methanol. Alkaline fuel cells (AFCs), based on aqueous solutions of KOH, have serious drawbacks associated with system complexity and carbonate formation. Anion exchange membrane (AEMs) fuel cells have a number of advantages over both PEM fuel cells and traditional AFCs; however, although anionic conductivity in AEMs can be comparable to PEMs the chemical stability of membrane attached cations in hydroxide is still not always sufficient for practical applications. The real issue is water transport; water is both a product and a reactant in these systems and wet cations are much more stable than dry. Wetted cations are alos much more stable than dry cations. So an understanding of water in these membranes is essential.
Here we discuss water and anion transport in a series of thin mechanically robust state of the art experimental anion exchange membranes. The membranes are generally constructed from an isoprene block and a vinyl benzyl bromide block, either randomly or in di-, tri- or penta- block configurations. Post quaterniaztion leads to functionalized AEMs. We use electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to measure anion conductivity, multi-nuclear pulse field gradient spin echo NMR to measure self-diffusion, and broadband electric spectroscopy to measure the relaxation processes in these polymers. This information is coupled with microscopy and SAXS to explore the polymer morphology. Putting transport and morphology together allows us to describe a complete picture of water and anion transport in these systems. Recently, with the realization that AEMs derived from chlorinated polymer backbones are highly stable to hydroxide attack, we have in hand a series of films which are stable enough to study in the hydroxyl form. This is allowing us for the first time to compare experimental transport studies of hydroxyl with simultions based on chemically accurate theoretical models of hydrated hydroxide. One surprising outcome of this is that it is becoming apparent that many AEMs exsist in which hydroxyl transport is as facile as proton transport in stte of the art proton exchange membranes but with far less water. Of course the use of air or hydrocarbon fuels nessecitates understanding carbonate and bicarbonate transport as well, and we are just begining to formulate studies of these important anions in AEMs. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Black Company
The Black Company or the Black Troops (Schwarze Haufen) was a unit of Franconian farmers and knights that fought on the side of the peasants during the Peasants' Revolt in the 1520s, during the Protestant Reformation in Germany.
Name
The original German name of the Black Company was Schwarzer Haufen. The term Schwarz (black) pointed out the ideological distance of the company from the large peasant army at that time, which called itself the Heller Haufen (Hell meaning "light-colored"). The German word Haufen was the name the peasants gave to their armed companies.
It was never used again for an army, possibly because the word Haufen means "heap" in German and was used to refer to loosely organised armed rabbles.
Formation
The Black Company was formed in 1525 in Rothenburg, out of local, home guard farmers - maybe 600 men - and a company of mercenary knights.
The leader of the Black Company, at least nominally, was nobleman Florian Geyer.
Geyer managed to shape the Black Company into something like a company of real soldiers, instead of just an armed mob. Some of the knights were probably his vassals.
History
After the Company took over the area around Rothenburg, it proceeded to Swabia to destroy fortified monasteries and castles and prevent their becoming strongholds of the Swabian League. Those who didn't attack the Black Company were left unharmed during these actions. But in Schweinsberg, Swabia, another company, led by peasant leader Jaecklein Rohrbach, executed about 50 local knights after they had opened fire on two negotiators. Geyer disapproved of this slaughtering and moved his troops back to Franconia to continue the fight. But Rohrbach's action had sealed the fate of captured peasants and of Geyer's men. From that time on, Georg, Truchsess ("Steward") of Waldburg, commander of the Swabian League, showed little mercy to the Black Company and hunted them down ruthlessly throughout Swabia. Rohrbach himself was burned alive when he was captured in 1525.
In the Battle of Ingolstadt, in May 1525, the Black Company found itself alone against the forces of the Swabian League after its allies had been destroyed. The Black Company fought its way back to Ingolstadt and occupied the ruins of the castle, the main buildings of which the members of the Company had themselves burned down some months before. The troops of the League encircled the castle and started their attack. The castle's occupants fought off two assaults but during the third attack, and after the League's heavy artillery breached the massive walls, they were killed.
Geyer himself wasn't there during the last battle. He waited for an escort in Rothenburg, but was banned from the city before it arrived. Geyer traveled North and was robbed and killed by two servants of his brother-in-law Wilhelm von Grumbach in the night of June 9–10 in the forest near Rimpar.
Legacy
The Black Company has remained very popular to the present day, although Swabian rulers did everything to nullify its fame in the years after the uprising, through publishing a number of "facts" about the crimes the peasants supposedly had committed.
The actions of the Black Company has been memorialised in the song "Wir sind des Geyers schwarzer Haufen", a World War I-era composition by Fritz Sotke with lyrics from Heinrich von Reder. The song has a strong anti-clerical and anti-noble theme, and it remains popular in modern day Germany, with contemporary bands offering different performances and reinterpretations of the lyrics. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/I am the media
The result was keep. NativeForeigner Talk/Contribs 00:52, 7 August 2010 (UTC)
I am the media
* – ( View AfD View log • )
Film is said to deal with notable people, but could find little outside of IMDB. Piano tech 10:43, 23 July 2010 (UTC)
Delete - No outside reliable references seem to be available on this project. Does not fulfill Notability in films. Shearonink (talk) 14:16, 23 July 2010 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Film-related deletion discussions. -- • Gene93k (talk) 23:51, 23 July 2010 (UTC)
* Comment French filmmaker... French documentary film... Released and reviewed in France, with a German release as Von Bloggern und Internet-Freaks, and the filmmaker receiving coverage as he did his interviews. So we DO have outside sources, but non-English, and it's going to take a bit of work digging and translating. Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 06:02, 24 July 2010 (UTC)
* reply Thanks for the info. I had a feeling this was going to be a tricky one.... Piano tech 11:18, 24 July 2010 (UTC)
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Ron Ritzman (talk) 00:04, 30 July 2010 (UTC)
* Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion so consensus may be reached.
* Keep I have begun incorporating the reliable outside sources found through Find sources ino the article. With respects to the nominator, what began as this is now much improved, and has potential for more. Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 21:16, 30 July 2010 (UTC)
* Keep per suitable improvements by Schmidt. -- œ ™ 08:37, 31 July 2010 (UTC)
* Keep as per above, Schmidt's improvements demonstrate ample notability. A rbitrarily 0 ( talk ) 23:12, 6 August 2010 (UTC)
| WIKI |
iOS, Swift
Removing CGPDFDocument Passwords
Working with PDFs on mobile is a pain. On the bright side at least Apple provides us CGPDFDocument
On the bright side Apple does provide CGPDFDocument. If you’re on Android you are left to 3rd party alternatives such as iText and PDFBox.
However examples on how to use CGPDFDocument are limited to the bare basics. On a recent project, I though I had a pretty basic requirement. Provide the user with the ability to remove the password for a protected PDF file. How hard could this be? Unfortunately I wasn’t able to find any examples on how to do this so decided to put my own together.
The most important thing you need to know about working with CGPDFDocument is it is immutable. This means you can’t just call unlockWithPassword and update a property to remove the password.
This means you will need to first unlock the PDF, then create an entirely new document. If you are working with large files you will need to be careful about the memory you are using. Instruments will be your best friend.
Let’s walk through an example. First we need to load a PDF file into a Data object as shown below.
Next you need to unlock your PDF using the existing password. In the example below we create a helper function called unlock that takes the Data from our PDF file and returns an unlocked CGPDFDocument. If the method is unable to either cast the Data object or unlock using the provided password a nil is returned.
We now have an unlocked CGPDFDocument object. Since this is immutable we need to use this as the source to create a new CGPDFDocument without a password. This is done by looping through the now unlocked CGPDFDocument and copying each CGPDFPage into a new CGPDFDocument. The copyPDFtoData helper function in the below example shows how the Core Graphics context is managed as part of the looping process. The end result is a Data object that is a copy of the PDF we started with, but without the password.
Keep in mind this isn’t an exact copy. The CGPDFDocument info and other meta data won’t be copied as part of this process. This can easily be added to the copyPDFtoData but was overkill for this example.
For convenience I’ve combined the above helper functions into a single class for easy maintenance and experimentation.
For more comprehensive PDF handling check out my PDFUtilities project. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
List of highest-grossing films
Films generate income from several revenue streams, including theatrical exhibition, home video, television broadcast rights, and merchandising. However, theatrical box-office earnings are the primary metric for trade publications in assessing the success of a film, mostly because of the availability of the data compared to sales figures for home video and broadcast rights, but also because of historical practice. Included on the list are charts of the top box-office earners (ranked by both the nominal and real value of their revenue), a chart of high-grossing films by calendar year, a timeline showing the transition of the highest-grossing film record, and a chart of the highest-grossing film franchises and series. All charts are ranked by international theatrical box-office performance where possible, excluding income derived from home video, broadcasting rights, and merchandise.
Traditionally, war films, musicals, and historical dramas have been the most popular genres, but franchise films have been among the best performers of the 21st century. There is strong interest in the superhero genre, with ten films in the Marvel Cinematic Universe featuring among the nominal top-earners. The most successful superhero film, Avengers: Endgame, is also the second-highest-grossing film on the nominal earnings chart, and there are four films in total based on the Avengers comic books charting in the top twenty. Other Marvel Comics adaptations have also had success with the Spider-Man and X-Men properties, while films based on Batman and Superman from DC Comics have generally performed well. Star Wars is also represented in the nominal earnings chart with five films, while the Jurassic Park franchise features prominently. Although the nominal earnings chart is dominated by films adapted from pre-existing properties and sequels, it is headed by Avatar, which is an original work. Animated family films have performed consistently well, with Disney films enjoying lucrative re-releases prior to the home-video era. Disney also enjoyed later success with films such as Frozen and Frozen II, Zootopia, and The Lion King (with its computer-animated remake as the highest-grossing animated film), as well as its Pixar brand, of which Inside Out 2, Incredibles 2, and Toy Story 3 and 4 have been the best performers. Beyond Disney and Pixar animation, the Despicable Me, Shrek, and Ice Age series have met with the most success.
While inflation has eroded the achievements of most films from the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, there are franchises originating from that period that are still active. Besides the Star Wars and Superman franchises, James Bond and Godzilla films are still being released periodically; all four are among the highest-grossing franchises. Some of the older films that held the record of highest-grossing film still have respectable grosses by today's standards, but no longer compete numerically against today's top-earners in an era of much higher individual ticket prices. When those prices are adjusted for inflation, however, then Gone with the Wind—which was the highest-grossing film outright for twenty-five years—is still the highest-grossing film of all time. All grosses on the list are expressed in U.S. dollars at their nominal value, except where stated otherwise.
Highest-grossing films
With a worldwide box-office gross of over $2.9 billion, Avatar is proclaimed to be the "highest-grossing" film, but such claims usually refer to theatrical revenues only and do not take into account home video and television income, which can form a significant portion of a film's earnings. Once revenue from home entertainment is factored in, it is not immediately clear which film is the most successful. Titanic earned $1.2 billion from video and DVD sales and rentals, in addition to the $2.2 billion it grossed in theaters. While complete sales data are not available for Avatar, it earned $345 million from the sale of sixteen million DVD and Blu-ray units in North America, and ultimately sold a total of thirty million DVD and Blu-ray units worldwide. After home video income is accounted for, both films have earned over $3 billion each. Television broadcast rights will also substantially add to a film's earnings, with a film often earning the equivalent of as much as 20–25% of its theatrical box office for two television runs, on top of pay-per-view revenues; Titanic earned a further $55 million from the NBC and HBO broadcast rights, equating to about 9% of its North American gross.
When a film is highly exploitable as a commercial property, its ancillary revenues can dwarf its income from direct film sales. The Lion King (1994) earned over $2 billion in box-office and home video sales, but this pales in comparison to the $8 billion earned at box offices around the world by the stage adaptation. Merchandising can be extremely lucrative too: The Lion King also sold $3 billion of merchandise, while Pixar's Cars—which earned $462 million in theatrical revenues and was only a modest hit by comparison to other Pixar films —generated global merchandise sales of over $8 billion in the five years after its 2006 release. Pixar had another huge hit with Toy Story 3, which generated almost $10 billion in merchandise retail sales in addition to the $1 billion it earned at the box office.
On this chart, films are ranked by the revenues from theatrical exhibition at their nominal value, along with the highest positions they attained. Six films in total have grossed in excess of $2 billion worldwide, with Avatar ranked in the top position. All of the films have had a theatrical run (including re-releases) in the 21st century, and films that have not played during this period do not appear on the chart because of ticket-price inflation, population size and ticket purchasing trends not being considered.
Highest-grossing films adjusted for inflation
Because of the long-term effects of inflation, notably the significant increase of movie theater ticket prices, the list unadjusted for inflation gives far more weight to later films. The unadjusted list, while commonly found in the press, is therefore largely meaningless for comparing films widely separated in time, as many films from earlier eras will never appear on a modern unadjusted list, despite achieving higher commercial success when adjusted for price increases. To compensate for the devaluation of the currency, some charts make adjustments for inflation, but not even this practice fully addresses the issue, since ticket prices and inflation do not necessarily parallel one another. For example, in 1970, tickets cost $1.55 or about $6.68 in inflation-adjusted 2004 dollars; by 1980, prices had risen to about $2.69, a drop to $5.50 in inflation-adjusted 2004 dollars. Ticket prices have also risen at different rates of inflation around the world, further complicating the process of adjusting worldwide grosses.
Another complication is release in multiple formats for which different ticket prices are charged. One notable example of this phenomenon is Avatar, which was also released in 3D and IMAX: almost two-thirds of tickets for that film were for 3D showings with an average price of $10, and about one-sixth were for IMAX showings with an average price over $14.50, compared to a 2010 average price of $7.61 for 2D films. Social and economic factors such as population change and the growth of international markets also have an effect on the number of people purchasing theater tickets, along with audience demographics where some films sell a much higher proportion of discounted children's tickets, or perform better in big cities where tickets cost more.
The measuring system for gauging a film's success is based on unadjusted grosses, mainly because historically this is the way it has always been done because of the practices of the film industry: the box-office receipts are compiled by theaters and relayed to the distributor, which in turn releases them to the media. Converting to a more representative system that counts ticket sales rather than gross is also fraught with problems because the only data available for older films are the sale totals. As the motion picture industry is highly oriented towards marketing currently released films, unadjusted figures are always used in marketing campaigns so that new blockbuster films can much more easily achieve a high sales ranking, and thus be promoted as a "top film of all time", so there is little incentive to switch to a more robust analysis from a marketing or even newsworthy point of view.
Despite the inherent difficulties in accounting for inflation, several attempts have been made. Estimates depend on the price index used to adjust the grosses, and the exchange rates used to convert between currencies can also affect the calculations, both of which can have an effect on the ultimate rankings of an inflation adjusted list. Gone with the Wind—first released in 1939—is generally considered to be the most successful film, with Guinness World Records in 2014 estimating its adjusted global gross at $3.4 billion. Estimates for Gone with the Wind's adjusted gross have varied substantially: its owner, Turner Entertainment, estimated its adjusted earnings at $3.3 billion in 2007, a few years earlier than the Guinness estimate; other estimates fall either side of this amount, with one putting its gross just under $3 billion in 2010, while another provided an alternative figure of $3.8 billion in 2006. Which film is Gone with the Wind's nearest rival depends on the set of figures used: Guinness had Avatar in second place with $3 billion, while other estimates saw Titanic in the runner-up spot with first-run worldwide earnings of almost $2.9 billion at 2010 prices.
High-grossing films by year
Audience tastes were fairly eclectic during the 20th century, but several trends did emerge. During the silent era, films with war themes were popular with audiences, with The Birth of a Nation (American Civil War), The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Big Parade and Wings (all World War I) becoming the most successful films in their respective years of release, with the trend coming to an end with All Quiet on the Western Front in 1930. With the advent of sound in 1927, the musical—the genre best placed to showcase the new technology—took over as the most popular type of film with audiences, with 1928 and 1929 both being topped by musical films. The genre continued to perform strongly in the 1930s, but the outbreak of World War II saw war-themed films dominate again during this period, starting with Gone with the Wind (American Civil War) in 1939, and finishing with The Best Years of Our Lives (World War II) in 1946. Samson and Delilah (1949) saw the beginning of a trend of increasingly expensive historical dramas set during Ancient Rome/biblical times throughout the 1950s as cinema competed with television for audiences, with Quo Vadis, The Robe, The Ten Commandments, Ben-Hur and Spartacus all becoming the highest-grossing film of the year during initial release, before the genre started to wane after several high-profile failures. The success of White Christmas and South Pacific in the 1950s foreshadowed the comeback of the musical in the 1960s with West Side Story, Mary Poppins, My Fair Lady, The Sound of Music and Funny Girl all among the top films of the decade. The 1970s saw a shift in audience tastes to high concept films, with six such films made by either George Lucas or Steven Spielberg topping the chart during the 1980s. The 21st century has seen an increasing dependence on franchises and adaptations, with the box-office dominance of films based on pre-existing intellectual property at record levels.
Steven Spielberg is the most represented director on the chart, with six films to his credit, occupying the top spot in 1975, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1989 and 1993. Cecil B. DeMille (1932, 1947, 1949, 1952 and 1956) is in second place with five films and William Wyler (1942, 1946, 1959 and 1968) and James Cameron (1991, 1997, 2009 and 2022) are tied for third place with four films. D. W. Griffith (1915, 1916 and 1920), George Roy Hill (1966, 1969 and 1973) and the Russo brothers (2016, 2018 and 2019) all feature heavily with three films apiece. George Lucas directed two chart-toppers in 1977 and 1999, but also served in a strong creative capacity as a producer and writer in 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1989 as well. The following directors have also all directed two films on the chart: Frank Lloyd, King Vidor, Frank Capra, Michael Curtiz, Leo McCarey, Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, Stanley Kubrick, Guy Hamilton, Mike Nichols, William Friedkin, Peter Jackson, Gore Verbinski, and Michael Bay; Mervyn LeRoy, Ken Annakin and Robert Wise are each represented by one solo credit and one shared credit, and John Ford co-directed two films. Disney films are usually co-directed and some directors have served on several winning teams: Wilfred Jackson, Hamilton Luske, Clyde Geronimi, David Hand, Ben Sharpsteen, Wolfgang Reitherman and Bill Roberts have all co-directed at least two films on the list. Only seven directors have topped the chart in consecutive years: McCarey (1944 and 1945), Nichols (1966 and 1967), Spielberg (1981 and 1982), Jackson (2002 and 2003), Verbinski (2006 and 2007) and the Russo brothers (2018 and 2019).
Because of release schedules—especially in the case of films released towards the end of the year—and different release patterns across the world, many films can do business in two or more calendar years; therefore the grosses documented here are not confined to just the year of release. Grosses are not limited to original theatrical runs either, with many older films often being re-released periodically so the figures represent all the business a film has done since its original release; a film's first-run gross is included in brackets after the total if known. Because of incomplete data it cannot be known for sure how much money some films have made and when they made it, but generally the chart chronicles the films from each year that went on to earn the most. In the cases where estimates conflict both films are recorded, and in cases where a film has moved into first place because of being re-released the previous record-holder is also retained.
(...) Since grosses are not limited to original theatrical runs, a film's first-run gross is included in brackets after the total if known.
Timeline of highest-grossing films
At least eleven films have held the record of 'highest-grossing film' since The Birth of a Nation assumed the top spot in 1915. Both The Birth of a Nation and Gone with the Wind spent twenty-five consecutive years apiece as the highest-grosser, with films directed by Steven Spielberg and James Cameron holding the record on three occasions each. Spielberg became the first director to break his own record when Jurassic Park overtook E.T., and Cameron emulated the feat when Avatar broke the record set by Titanic. When it took over the top spot in 2019, Avengers: Endgame became the first sequel to hold the record of highest-grossing film, and in doing so interrupted thirty-six years of Spielberg/Cameron dominance before Avatar reclaimed the top spot two years later in 2021 upon a re-release.
Some sources claim that The Big Parade superseded The Birth of a Nation as highest-grossing film, eventually being replaced by Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which in turn was quickly usurped by Gone with the Wind. Exact figures are not known for The Birth of a Nation, but contemporary records put its worldwide earnings at $5.2 million as of 1919. Its international release was delayed by World War I, and it was not released in many foreign territories until the 1920s; coupled with further re-releases in the United States, its $10 million earnings as reported by Variety in 1932 are consistent with the earlier figure. At this time, Variety still had The Birth of a Nation ahead of The Big Parade ($6,400,000) on distributor rentals and—if its estimate is correct—Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ($8,500,000) would not have earned enough on its first theatrical run to take the record; although it would have been the highest-grossing 'talkie', displacing The Singing Fool ($5,900,000). Although received wisdom holds that it is unlikely The Birth of a Nation was ever overtaken by a silent-era film, the record would fall to 1925's Ben-Hur ($9,386,000) if The Birth of a Nation earned significantly less than its estimated gross. In addition to its gross rental earnings through public exhibition, The Birth of a Nation played at a large number of private, club and organizational engagements which figures are unavailable for. It was hugely popular with the Ku Klux Klan who used it to drive recruitment, and at one point Variety estimated its total earnings to stand at around $50 million. Despite later retracting the claim, the sum has been widely reported even though it has never been substantiated. While it is generally accepted that Gone with the Wind took over the record of highest-grossing film on its initial release—which is true in terms of public exhibition—it is likely it did not overtake The Birth of a Nation in total revenue until a much later date, with it still being reported as the highest earner up until the 1960s. Gone with the Wind itself may have been briefly overtaken by The Ten Commandments (1956), which closed at the end of 1960 with worldwide rentals of $58–60 million compared to Gone with the Wind's $59 million; if it did claim the top spot its tenure there was short-lived, since Gone with the Wind was re-released the following year and increased its earnings to $67 million. Depending on how accurate the estimates are, the 1959 remake of Ben-Hur may also have captured the record from Gone with the Wind: as of the end of 1961 it had earned $47 million worldwide, and by 1963 it was trailing Gone with the Wind by just $2 million with international takings of $65 million, ultimately earning $66 million from its initial release.
Another film purported to have been the highest-grosser is the 1972 pornographic film Deep Throat. In 1984, Linda Lovelace testified to a United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on juvenile justice that the film had earned $600 million; this figure has been the subject of much speculation, since if it is accurate then the film would have made more money than Star Wars, and finished the 1970s as the highest-grossing film. The main argument against this figure is that it simply did not have a wide enough release to sustain the sort of sums that would be required for it to ultimately gross this amount. Exact figures are not known, but testimony in a federal trial in 1976—about four years into the film's release—showed the film had grossed over $25 million. Roger Ebert has reasoned it possibly did earn as much as $600 million on paper, since mobsters owned most of the adult movie theaters during this period and would launder income from drugs and prostitution through them, so probably inflated the box-office receipts for the film.
The Birth of a Nation, Gone with the Wind, The Godfather, Jaws, Star Wars, E.T., and Avatar all increased their record grosses with re-releases. The grosses from their original theatrical runs are included here along with totals from re-releases up to the point that they lost the record; therefore the total for The Birth of a Nation includes income from its reissues up to 1940; the total for Star Wars includes revenue from the late 1970s and early 1980s reissues but not from the 1997 Special Edition; the total for E.T. incorporates its gross from the 1985 reissue but not from 2002. The total for Avatar 's first appearance on the chart includes revenue from the 2010 Special Edition, which represents all of its earnings up to the point it relinquished the record, whereas its second appearance also incorporates revenue from a 2020 re-release in the Asia-Pacific region as well as the 2021 re-release in China which helped it to reclaim the record. Gone with the Wind is likewise represented twice on the chart: the 1940 entry includes earnings from its staggered 1939–1942 release (roadshow/ general release/ second-run) along with all of its revenue up to the 1961 reissue prior to losing the record to The Sound of Music in 1966; its 1971 entry—after it took back the record—includes income from the 1967 and 1971 reissues but omitting later releases. The Godfather was re-released in 1973 after its success at the 45th Academy Awards, and Jaws was released again in 1976, and their grosses here most likely include earnings from those releases. The Sound of Music, The Godfather, Jaws, Jurassic Park, and Titanic have all increased their earnings with further releases, but they are not included in the totals here because they had already conceded the record prior to being re-released.
Highest Grossing By Month
! rowspan="2" |Month ! rowspan="2" |Movie ! colspan="2" |Collection ! rowspan="2" |Notes ! scope="row" | Sye
* January
* NA
* NA
* February
* NA
* NA
* NA
* 2004
* NA
* NA
* 2004
* 2004
! scope="row" |Vikramarkudu ! scope="row" |Yamadonga ! scope="row" |Magadheera ! scope="row" |Maryada Ramanna ! scope="row" |Eega ! scope="row" |Baahubali: The Beginning ! scope="row" |Baahubali 2: The Conclusion ! scope="row" |RRR
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* No
* April
* Avengers Endgame
* NA
* 2006
* NA
* 2006
* 2006
* 2006
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* No
* 2007
* 2007
* 2007
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* No
* 2009
* 2009
* 2009
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* Yes
* Cameo appearance in "Anaganaganaga" song
* 2010
* 2010
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* No
* 2012
* 2012
* 2012
* Yes
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* Shot simultaneously in Tamil as Naan Ee; Narrator (voice role), person who throw cigarette on ground
* 2015
* 2015
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* Yes
* Shot simultaneously in Tamil; Spirit seller (cameo appearance)
* 2017
* 2017
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* Yes
* Shot simultaneously in Tamil
* 2022
* 2022
* Yes
* Yes
* No
* No
* Cameo appearance in "Ettara Jenda" song
* NA
* scope="row" | SSMB29
* Yes
* NA
* scope="row" | NA
* NA
* NA
* }
Highest-grossing franchises and film series
Prior to 2000, only seven film series had grossed over $1 billion at the box office: James Bond, Star Wars, Indiana Jones, Rocky, Batman, Jurassic Park, and Star Trek. Since the turn of the century, that number has increased to over ninety. This is partly due to inflation and market growth, but it is also due to Hollywood's adoption of the franchise model: films that have built-in brand recognition such as being based on a well-known literary source or an established character. The methodology is based on the concept that films associated with things audiences are already familiar with can be more effectively marketed to them, and as such are known as "pre-sold" films within the industry.
A franchise is typically defined to be at least two works derived from a common intellectual property. Traditionally, the work has a tautological relationship with the property, but this is not a prerequisite. An enduring staple of the franchise model is the concept of the crossover, which can be defined as "a story in which characters or concepts from two or more discrete texts or series of texts meet". A consequence of a crossover is that an intellectual property may be utilized by more than one franchise. For example, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice belongs to not only the Batman and Superman franchises, but also to the DC Extended Universe, which is a shared universe. A shared universe is a particular type of crossover where a number of characters from a wide range of fictional works wind up sharing a fictional world. The most successful shared universe in the medium of film is the Marvel Cinematic Universe, a crossover between multiple superhero properties owned by Marvel Comics. The Marvel Cinematic Universe is also the highest-grossing franchise, amassing over $29 billion at the box office.
The Spider-Man films are the highest-grossing series based on a single property, earning over $10.6 billion at the box office (although the Eon James Bond films have earned over $19 billion in total when adjusted to current prices). The Marvel Cinematic Universe has had the most films gross over $1 billion, with ten. The four Avengers films, the two Frozen films, and the two Avatar films are the only franchises where each installment has grossed over $1 billion, although the Jurassic Park, Black Panther and Inside Out series have averaged over $1 billion per film.
* {{legend|#b6fcb6|Background shading indicates that at least one film in the series is playing in the week commencing in theaters around the world.|text=†}}
Franchise and series sources
* Avengers
* Batman
* Fathom events
* Batman (UK):
* Batman Returns (UK):
* Batman Forever:
* Batman and Robin:
* Batman: The Movie (1966) –
* DC Extended Universe
* Despicable Me
* The Fast and the Furious
* Wizarding World
* James Bond
* (Brosnan and Craig)
* . "James Bond Franchise Films: All-Release Worldwide Box Office." (Connery, Lazenby, Moore and Dalton)
* Jurassic Park
* Marvel Cinematic Universe
* Middle-earth
* Mission: Impossible
* Pirates of the Caribbean
* Shrek
* Spider-Man
* Star Wars
* Disney releases (2015–present):
* Transformers
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* Jurassic Park
* Marvel Cinematic Universe
* Middle-earth
* Mission: Impossible
* Pirates of the Caribbean
* Shrek
* Spider-Man
* Star Wars
* Disney releases (2015–present):
* Transformers
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* Mission: Impossible
* Pirates of the Caribbean
* Shrek
* Spider-Man
* Star Wars
* Disney releases (2015–present):
* Transformers
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* Star Wars
* Disney releases (2015–present):
* Transformers
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* Disney releases (2015–present):
* Transformers
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* Disney releases (2015–present):
* Transformers
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* The Twilight Saga
* X-Men
* X-Men
* X-Men
* X-Men | WIKI |
Vitamin and Minerals Global Market Report 2023
Major players in the vitamins and minerals supplements market are Salus Haus, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, AMWAY, Eisai, Sanofi, GNC, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group, DSM, Otsuka Holdings Co. Ltd, Puritan’s Pride, Pharmavite, Jamieson, Webber Naturals, Hainan Yangshengtang, Nature’s Bounty, CCMP Capital, Pharmavite, Suntory Holdings Ltd, Glanbia PLC, Glaxosmithkline PLC, Abbott Laboratories, Bayer AG, Puritan’s Pride, General Nutrition CentersInc.New York, Feb. 20, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Hans Joachim Wilke
Universität Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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Publications (1)2.13 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: With regard to the literature, several factors are considered to have an impact on postoperative mobility after lumbar total disc replacement (TDR). As TDR results in a distraction of the ligamentous structures, theoretically the postoperatively disc height and ligamentous integrity have also an influence on biomechanics of a treated segment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) resection and segmental distraction on range of motion (ROM). Six human, lumbar spines (L2-L3) were tested with pure moments of ±7.5 Nm in a spine loading apparatus. The ROM was determined in all three motion planes. Testing sequences included: (1) intact state, (2) 10 mm prosthesis (PLL intact), (3) 10 mm prosthesis (PLL resected), (4) 12 mm prosthesis (PLL resected). The prosthesis used was a prototype with a constrained design using the ball-and-socket principle. The implantation of the 10 mm prosthesis already increased the disc height significantly (intact: 9.9 mm; 10 mm prosthesis: 10.6 mm; 12 mm prosthesis: 12.7 mm). Compared to the intact status, the implantation of the 10 mm prosthesis resulted in an increase of ROM for flexion/extension (8.6° vs 10.8°; P = 0.245) and axial rotation (2.9° vs 4.5°; P = 0.028), whereas lateral bending decreased (9.0° vs 7.6°; P = 0.445). The resection of the PLL for the 10 mm prosthesis resulted in an increase of ROM in all motion planes compared to the 10 mm prosthesis with intact PLL (flexion/extension: 11.4°, P = 0.046; axial rotation: 5.1°, P = 0.046; lateral bending: 8.6°, P = 0.028). The subsequent implantation of a 12 mm prosthesis, with resected PLL, resulted in a significant decrease of ROM in all motion planes compared to the 10 mm prosthesis with intact PLL (flexion/extension: 8.4°, P = 0.028; axial rotation: 3.3°, P = 0.028; lateral bending: 5.1°, P = 0.028). Compared to the intact status, the 12 mm prosthesis with resected PLL only decreased lateral bending significantly while the 10 mm prosthesis with intact PLL increased axial rotation significantly. The resection of the PLL during TDR results in a significant increase of ROM in all three principle motion planes. But it still remains unclear if this increase which is in median not more than 1° may alter the clinical results. Moreover, the destabilizing effect of PLL resection can be reversed using a higher implant. The prosthesis height seems more crucial than PLL preservation to maintain the primary stability after TDR.
European Spine Journal 10/2009; 21 Suppl 5:S592-8. · 2.13 Impact Factor
Publication Stats
2 Citations
8 Downloads
48 Views
2.13 Total Impact Points
Top Journals
Institutions
• 2009
• Universität Ulm
• Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics
Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Protecting Water pipes Against Cold
All materials contract as they obtain colder as well as chillier as well as become thicker up until the point where they ice up. Water is unique. When it ices up, it broadens and also comes to be less dense! That is why ice floats in addition to water– it is less thick. This development is genuinely a Force of Nature– absolutely nothing can stop the 11% development.
Pipelines that ice up most often are those that are exposed to the cold, such as outside tube bibs, swimming pool supply lines, water sprinkler lines, and supply of water pipes in unheated indoor areas like attics as well as crawl spaces, garages, or cupboards on exterior walls. Frozen pipes typically result in considerable to severe water damage as well as the cost to repair can typically be substantial! Complying with ideas can aid in both protecting against frozen pipes and also thawing those that are already iced up:
The water from the swimming pool and also water sprinkler supply lines must be drained pipes following the manufacturer’s or installer’s instructions. Using antifreeze in these lines must be prevented preferably (keeping in mind that antifreeze is environmentally hazardous, as well as very harmful to human beings, pet dogs, wildlife, and also landscaping). Hoses made use of outdoors should be detached, drained pipes, and kept. Inside valves providing exterior pipe bibs must be shut.
In the basement, crawl space, attic, garage, as well as under kitchen and bathroom cabinets where the supply of water lines lie in unheated areas, both hot and cold water pipes need to be inspected and protected to help protect against cold.
If no one will certainly be home for a prolonged amount of time throughout winter, the warmth in the house should be left on, set to a temperature no less than 50 ° F. The Master Valve to the home ought to be shut off. All faucets must be left “open.” If the home loses power, the open valves will assist avoid pipes from bursting, and the “shut-off” Master Shutoff means that even if there is a break, the result will be minor, compared to an open line cutting loose! Despite having every one of the above measures, homeowners should schedule a neighbor to walk through the residence daily– simply to keep an eye on unforeseen events!
Icing up pipe problems ought to be kept track of as well as a faucet needs to be permitted to leak a little. Relocating water (also a drip) will aid prevent pipelines from freezing.
During cool winter months weather, garage doors need to be hugged if there are supply of water lines in the garage.
Bathroom and kitchen cabinet doors need to be maintained open, to allow warmer air to distribute around the plumbing. Hazardous cleansers and also family chemicals need to be moved up out of the reach of kids.
You can add additional defense by adding a protected cover over the faucet. This assists to stop extra water from leaking in. As you can see, there are numerous actions you can require to protect against water damage within your residence also in the chillier months. If you’re ever before in need of a specialist Water Damage Restoration Huntington Beach expert give us a call at 770 Water Damage & Restoration. We make the procedure of obtaining your house back to its original condition a wind.
Stopping your residence for possible Water Damages during the winter months Huntington Beach | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Enchanted Floral Gardens of Kula, Maui
The Enchanted Floral Gardens of Kula, Maui is a botanical garden located in Kula, on the island of Maui, Hawaii. The 8 acre garden is in the mountains, at 2500 ft above sea level.
The gardens contain over 2000 species of subtropical and tropical plants from around the world. The collection has an emphasis on fruit trees and flowering plants, including hibiscus, orchids, and proteas.
The Enchanted Floral Gardens are open daily Tuesday through Sunday, 9am to 5pm, with an admission fee. They are located at 2505 Kula Highway, mile marker 10,(Highway 37), in Kula.
Formerly known as the Enchanting Floral Gardens, it was closed for four years, reopening in 2017. | WIKI |
Quigley South
Quigley Preparatory Seminary South was a Catholic high school administered by the Archdiocese of Chicago from 1961 through 1990. Quigley South was located at 7740 South Western Avenue on the South Side of Chicago. Quigley North and Quigley South were both named to honor James Edward Quigley, Archbishop of Chicago from 1903 to 1915.
From concept to construction
In the 1950s, Cardinal Samuel Stritch, then Archbishop of Chicago, began planning for the second Quigley seminary to relieve overcrowding at Quigley North, but he died in Rome on May 27, 1958. At the direction of his successor Cardinal Albert Gregory Meyer, a former seminary rector and Archbishop of Milwaukee (appointed Archbishop of Chicago on September 19, 1958), Quigley Preparatory Seminary South opened in 1961, with Msgr. Martin M. Howard named its first rector.
The 1960s
Cardinal Meyer dedicated the Quigley South Chapel of the Sacred Heart (so named to hearken to the original Chicago minor seminary, Cathedral College of the Sacred Heart), its 40 acre campus, and new facilities for its 869 students on September 13, 1962. For a short period in the early 1960s, both Quigley campuses held joint events, including graduations, in order to instill among the students the spirit of sharing one school.
In 1966 Cardinal John Cody instituted a Chicago seminary system-wide change abolishing the Thursday day off and Saturday school day, which had for decades separated Chicago seminarians and seminary faculty from participating in Saturday social activities, while Quigley faculty voted to alter their own dress code requiring a cassock, in place of other clerical attire. Seminary policies prohibiting seminarian participation in co-educational activities and organizations were also revised in that same year. In 1968, dress codes for both Quigley seminaries requiring a suit coat and tie for students were revised to fit the seasons of the year, and the Quigley seminaries made the necessary arrangements so that Quigley students could join the National Honor Society.
The 1970s
After a year-long self-study of the entire Chicago archdiocesan seminary system in 1969 assisted by Arthur B. Little and Company of Boston, Cardinal Cody in 1970 announced a new admissions policy for the Quigley seminaries, which expanded beyond Cardinal Mundelein's original requirement in 1916 that Quigley students be "educated with those who only look forward to that same great work in life, the priestly field of labor." Boys from two categories would, as of 1971, be admitted to Quigley, "(a.) ... who have indicated a desire for the priesthood and who meet the requirements of admissions, and (b.) ... who, in the judgment of parish priests, have the kind of character, ability, and temperament which might lead to the personal discovery of a vocation in the priesthood." The new policy also indicated that Quigley North and South should "emphasize the fact that they are contemporary seminaries primarily concerned with the development and encouragement of vocations to the priesthood," and that "a vigorous campaign should be begun, especially on the part of priests, to enroll qualified students."
However, Cardinal Cody's intent to maintain unity with Quigley North, as well as a focus on the development of more young men choosing the priesthood as a vocation, would be short-lived. Quigley South would go on to develop its own distinct identity on the South Side of Chicago. The two Quigleys would develop a rivalry of sorts during sporting events between the two schools, and very few, if any, joint social or ministry activities would be held between them as the years progressed. With a typical annual student body of more than 700 students, Quigley South dwarfed the enrollment of Quigley North whose own enrollment usually numbered less than 100. Reflective of the ethnic and racial diversity of Chicago, increasing numbers of Poles, African-Americans, Lithuanians, Hispanics and Irish students matriculated at Quigley South each fall.
Prayer and a rigorous curriculum remained a mainstay of Quigley, however the school would eventually offer an innovative approach to attracting and retaining its culturally diverse community. While many schools would maintain the strict dress code and policy of no facial hair and crew cuts during this period, Quigley would eschew many of these rules and allow students to sport full beards and shoulder-length hair. While formal proms were not allowed (they were called Spring Socials), many parties and concerts would indeed be hosted at Quigley. Chicago natives Chuck Panozzo, his brother John and Dennis DeYoung of Styx played at Quigley South's gym.
In 1978, after serving many years at Quigley as a faculty member, Father Jerry Kicanas was asked by Cardinal Cody to become Quigley South's new rector to replace Father James P. Keleher (now retired Bishop of Kansas City) who was tapped to become rector at Saint Mary of the Lake Seminary at Mundelein, Illinois.
Historic visit by Pope John Paul II
The reemergence of the seminary as a place for young men to explore their interest in priesthood was acknowledged when Pope John Paul II visited Quigley South on October 5, 1979. The Pope had lunch with bishops in the school's gym, and an exclusive audience with students and faculty. With thousands of people waiting to see the Pope outside the school, John Paul II, along with the school's principal and John Cardinal Cody, climbed to the school's roof to see the crowd.
Pope John Paul II gave three speeches in all that day—one to the bishops of the United States, one to the sick, and one to the minor seminarians of both Quigley schools.
The final years
The 1980s would bring many changes to Quigley South. A decision to integrate new technologies with the traditional academic rigors of Quigley led to the establishment of a computer lab in 1983, one of the first Chicago-area high schools to do so, complete with Apple IIe's. In 1984, faculty member Fr John Klein would replace Kicanas as the last rector of Quigley South as Kicanas moved on to become rector of the major seminary in Mundelein, and eventually seventh Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tucson.
By December 1989, due to numerous reasons, the archdiocese announced the controversial decision to close Quigley South as of June 1990 and combine it with Quigley North into Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary at the original downtown site for the 1990 Fall term. For several weeks in early 1990, Quigley students and alumni from both institutions picketed the mansion of Cardinal Joseph Bernardin and published a full-page ad in the Chicago Sun-Times. While some protesters later joined in supporting the combined school, this site was also subsequently closed on June 22, 2007. Klein had been president of the school in 1990 until his death in 1999.
The Quigley South campus was purchased for the new location of St. Rita of Cascia High School (originally located several miles north at 63rd Street and Claremont Avenue). The physical location of Quigley South appears largely the same, with some exterior modifications such as Quigley South's former varsity soccer field now the location of St. Rita's football stadium (Quigley South never had a football team).
Miscellaneous
* Team name: Spartans, named for the famed Spartan Army, known as the best disciplined, best trained, and most feared military forces in the ancient world. By far, the most delicious item on the menu at Quigley South's cafeteria was a double cheeseburger called the Spartan Burger.
* School motto: Ora et Labora, Latin for "pray and work".
* Yearbook name: ΙΧΘΥΣ, an acronym formed from the first letters of several ancient Greek words meaning "Jesus: Messiah, Son of God, Savior".
* Newspaper name: Profile
* The original team name was "Rebels". It was changed to avoid references to the Confederate States of America and a pro-slavery stance.
Living bishops
* Wilton D. Gregory, (QS '65) Archbishop of Washington, former president of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
* Jerome Edward Listecki, (QS '67) Archbishop of Milwaukee
* Edward K. Braxton, (QS '62) Bishop Emeritus of Belleville
* Thomas John Paprocki, (QS '70) Bishop of Springfield
* Ronald A. Hicks (QS ‘85) Bishop of Joliet
Other alumni
* Don Bies, (QS, '79) Special Effects Veteran and R2-D2 Operator
* Doug Bruno, head coach of DePaul Blue Demons women's basketball, assistant coach of 2012 and 2016 U.S. Olympic teams.
* Mike Harper, ('76) NBA basketball player
* Paul Hickey, (QS '79) author, Plight of the Bayou Coyote
* Antonio Munoz, (QS '82) Illinois State Senator
* Martin Sandoval, (QS '82) Illinois State Senator
* Harry Lennix, (QS '82) noted Actor
* Andrew Kloak, (QS '84) author, Working the Glass: A Novel
* Rob Jeter, (QS '87) head basketball coach at Western Illinois
* Elgie R. Sims, Jr., (QS '88) Illinois State Senator
* William F. Tate IV, (QS '79) social scientist and academic leader, President, Louisiana State University (LSU)
Athletics
The Quigley South Spartans wore blue-and-gold colors, and competed in baseball, basketball, soccer, cross-country, wrestling, track, swimming, tennis, and golf. | WIKI |
17.00 - macOS - Parallel Transporter
Teradata® Parallel Transporter Application Programming Interface Programmer Guide
prodname
Parallel Transporter
vrm_release
17.00
created_date
June 2020
category
Programming Reference
featnum
B035-2516-220K
To execute the precompiled TPTAPI applications available in \sample\runsamp directory:
1. Change your working directory to <TPTAPI install directory>\sample\runsamp.
2. Run the executable that is available in this directory.
For example, to run a 64-bit TPTAPI application built on macOS, issue the following command at the prompt:
./runsamp_macos_64 tdpid userid password
1. After you install Teradata PT, you should see the following directory structure:
\lib (contains 64-bit .dylib files)
\inc (containS .h files)
\sample
\blockloading (shows how to load rows in buffer mode with the load driver)
\checkpoint (shows how checkpoint/restart works with the stream driver)
\common (contains shared files used by all samples)
\generic (shows how each driver works)
\getbuffer (shows how to export the driver's GetBuffer feature)
\inc (contains shared .h files used by all samples)
\multiple (shows how to use multiple drivers in the same application)
\multi_node (shows how to use the multi-node protocol)
\threads (shows how to write multi-threaded applications)
\runsamp (contains precompiled TPTAPI applications)
\runsamp_macos_64 (64-bit TPTAPI application built for OS X with gcc 4.2)
2. Become familiar with the Teradata PT methods in the sample programs (.cpp files).
3. In the sample makefile, you can see the following settings. Run the makefile to build the samples.
• C/C++ Additional Include Directories:
../inc (Teradata PT common headers)
./inc (sample-only header)
../common (sample shared files)
• Linker Additional Library Directories: -ltelapi
Edit the makefile and modify the values of the C++C and CC variables to point to the location of the respective compilers on your system.
4. Set the CLIv2 environment variable THREADONOFF to 1 (one) to run the Teradata PT multi-threaded application.
5. Change the database system name, user name, and user password in the BTEQ scripts setupTables.bteq and cleanupTables.bteq for each sample.
6. Run the BTEQ script setupTables.bteq to set up the tables for the current sample.
7. Execute the application that is completed in step 3.
8. Run the BTEQ script cleanupTables.bteq to clean up the tables used by the current sample. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Deana Carter Collection
The Deana Carter Collection is the first compilation album by the American country music singer of the same name. Seven of the album's tracks were previous hit singles from her first two albums, Did I Shave My Legs for This? and Everything's Gonna Be Alright. The other tracks on the album consist of album cuts from those same albums that weren't released to radio. The Deana Carter Collection peaked at #54 on the US Top Country album chart. Capitol released this album after Carter had already departed from the label and resulted in no newly recorded tracks; although three tracks ("Rita Valentine", "Graffiti Bridge", and "Angel Without a Prayer") were previously available only in the UK version of her debut album and not in the U.S. version. | WIKI |
Disorders of Ventilation Flashcards Preview
Pulmonology > Disorders of Ventilation > Flashcards
Flashcards in Disorders of Ventilation Deck (30)
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1
How common is Primary alveolar hypoventilation (Odine’s Curse)?
Describe the pathology.
When during the day is it worse?
What is the etiology? 2
Rare
Inadequate alveolar ventilation
--normal neurologic function, airways, lungs, chest wall and ventilatory muscles.
Hypoventilation is worse during sleep
Etiology is congenital or severe trauma/insult to the brainstem
2
Patient profile of Primary alveolar hypoventilation (Odine’s Curse):
1. weight?
2. gender?
3. age?
4. Present with what symptoms?3
5. What will we see on physical exam? 4
1. Usually non-obese
2. Males in their 3rd of 4th decade
3. Present with
-lethargy,
-headache and
-somnolence
1. Physical exam
2. No dyspnea
3. Cyanosis
4. Evidence of Pulm HTN
3
What labs should we get for hypoventilation? 4
Imagaing? 3
Tests? 3
Labs:
1. chem,
2. TSH,
3. CBC,
4. ABG
Imaging:
1. CXR (rule out lung disease)
2. Brain imaging CT/MRI (rule out stroke, tumor)
3. Echo (right heart changes from chronic hypoxemia)
Tests:
1. PFTs
2. Can include negative inspiratory pressure to rule out neuromuscular disease
3. Muscle stimulation tests/nerve conduction velocity to rule out neuromuscular disease
4
1. What disease process results secondary to hypoxemia?
2. GIve an example of a disease where this would occur?
1. pulmonary hypertension
(shunts blood to an area where it can pick oxygen up)
2. Sleep apnea pts for example
5
Treatment of primary alveolar hypoventilation
4
1. Supplemental oxygen
2. Positive pressure ventilation
3. Respiratory stimulants
--Medroxyprogesterone
--Acetazolamide
--Theophylline
4. Diaphragm pacing with phrenic nerve stimulation
6
What is Pickwickian Syndrome?
Blunted ventilatory drive and increased mechanical load imposed upon the chest by obesity
7
In Pickwickian Syndrome, why would the pt voluntarily hyperventilate?
What is the pt also likely to have?
Voluntary hyperventilation returns the Pco2 and Po2 toward normal values
Most likely also have obstructive sleep apnea
8
Treatment for Pickwickian Syndrome?
4
1. Weight loss
2. NPPV (noninvasive positive pressure ventilation) is helpful (Bipap (those who cant support their tidal volume, CPAP)
3. Tracheostomy
4. Respiratory stimulants (not the primary treatment)
--Theophylline
--Acetazolmide
9
Describe the process of hyperventilation?
Causes?
10
Increase in alveolar ventilation that leads to decreased CO2
1. Brainstem injury
2. Pregnancy
3. Hypoxemia
4. Lung diseases (that cause hypoxia)
5. Sepsis
6. Liver failure
7. Fever
8. Pain
9. Anxiety
10. Hyperthyroidism
10
Signs and Symtpoms of Acute hyperventilation?
8
1. Rapid respiratory rate
2. Paresthesias
3. Carpopedal spasm
4. Tetany
5. Anxiety
6. Arrhythmias
7. Cerebral vasoconstriction and cerebral ischemia
8. Seizures
11
Treatment of hyperventilation?
3
Treat underlying cause
1. Pursed lip breathing (have them do this to slow it down) or
2. Rebreathing expired gas from a paper bag
3. Anxiolytic drugs (antiaxiety)
12
Describe the symptoms of chronic hyperventilation?
5
Nonspecific symptoms that can be reproduced by voluntary hyperventilation
1. Fatigue
2. Dyspnea
3. Anxiety
4. Palpitations
5. Dizziness
13
What is OSA caused by?
What happens becuase of this?3
recurrent collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep
1. Cessation of airflow
2. Disturbances in gas exchange
3. Poor sleep quality (reduced REM sleep)
14
Sleep apnea risk factors
12
1. Obesity
2. Advancing age
3. Smoking
4. Craniofacial or upper airway soft tissue abnormalities
5. Nasal congestion
6. Pregnancy
7. End stage renal disease
8. CHF
9. Chronic lung disease
10. Family history
11. Menopause
12. Hypothyroidism
15
Patient factors associated with a high likelihood of sleep apnea
3
1. Neck circumference:
2. Narrowing of the lateral airway walls,
3. Enlarged (ie, "kissing") tonsils (3+ to 4+)
16
How big does neck circumference have to be to beome a risk factor for sleep apnea? (men and woman)
What is a predictor in men but not women?
greater than 43 cm (17 in) in men and 37 cm (15 in) in women.
Narrowing of the lateral airway walls, which is an independent predictor of the presence of OSAHS in men but not women
17
Signs and symptoms that are suspicious for sleep apnea
16
1. HTN
(esp. difficult to control)
2. Excessive daytime somnolence
3. Morning sluggishness
4. AM headaches
5. Daytime fatigue
6. Cognitive impairment
7. Impotence
8. Obesity
9. Loud snoring
10. Witnessed apneas
11. Nocturnal restlessness
12. Personality changes
13. Poor judgement
14. Depression
15. Memory impairment
16. Falling asleep while driving or in the waiting room
18
Complications that arise from sleep apnea?
5
1. Motor vehicle crashes (2-3 times more common)
2. High users of medical resources
3. Cardiovascular disease
4. Increased risk of perioperative complications
5. 2-3 X increased risk of all cause mortality (untreated severe sleep apnea)
19
What kind of cardiovascular disease are sleep apnea pts at a high risk for? 6
What kind of endocrine probelms are sleep apnea pts at risk for? 3
1. HTN,
2. Pulmonary HTN,
3. CAD,
4. arrhythmias,
5. CHF,
6. CVA
1. Insulin resistance,
2. DM,
3. metabolic syndrome,
20
OSAHS leads to what three things that cause metabolic syndrome? 3
What two other things contribute to metabolic syndrome? 2
1. Hypertension
2. Insulin Resistance
3. Proimflammatory/Oxidative stress
Obesity
Hyperlipidemia
21
Questions to ask to screen for sleep apnea?
7
1. Are you tired during the day?
2. Have you ever fallen asleep while driving?
3. Do you fall asleep reading, watching TV or watching a movie?
4. Do you ever fall asleep at work?
5. If you are sitting quietly at home are you likely to fall asleep if you are not actively engaged in something?
6. Do you snore?
7. If yes to snoring…Do you snore so loud that you aren’t invited to the yearly hunting camp anymore or do they make you get your own trailer/tent?
22
How would we diagnose sleep apnea? (rule out other diseases)
4
1. Lab tests TSH, RBC (polysithemia)
2. Polysomnography (in-lab)
3. Home testing may be available for screening purposes
4. Home overnight oximetry testing has a high negative predictive value for sleep apnea when normal
23
Define the following:
Apnea
Hypopnea
Apnea-hypopea index (AHI)
Respiratory disturbance index (RDI)
1. Apnea
Breath cessation for at least 10 seconds with decrease in O2 saturation
2. Hypopnea
Decreased airflow with a drop in O2 saturation of at least 4%
3. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)
The number of combined events per hour
4. Respiratory disturbance index (RDI)
The number of apneas, hypopneas and respiratory effort related arousals per hour of sleep
24
What does a Polysomnography (Sleep study) record?
7
1. EEG (electroencephalography)
2. Electro-oculography
3. EMG (electromyography)
4. EKG
5. Pulse oximetry
6. Respiratory effort
7. Airflow
25
For the Respiratory Disturbance Index, what values constitute:
Mild sleep apnea?
Moderate?
Severe?
Need to know
Explain what the number means
Mild sleep apnea
-5-14/hr
Moderate sleep apnea
-15-29/hr
Severe sleep apnea
-≥ 30/hr
you stopped breathing 30 times an hour and woke up to a lighter level of sleep
26
Treatment for sleep apnea? 7
(whats the main treatment?)
1. Weight loss
2. Sleep positioning
3. Avoidance of respiratory suppressants like ETOH, narcotics
4. CPAP (main treatment)
5. BiPaP
6. Oral (dental) appliances
7. Surgery
---Uvulopalatophyaryngoplasty (UPPP)
27
Why are you at such a high risk for cardiac problems with sleep apnea?
promotes arterial thrombosis
28
What is the difference between a CPAP (2) and BiPAP (5)?
CPAP
1. Continuous positive airway pressure
2. Standard treatment for OSA
BiPAP (Bilevel positive airway pressure)
1. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
2. For use when taking a deep breath is difficult
3. Lower pressure for exhalation and higher pressure for inhalation
4. Can have a “back up rate” to augment respiratory rate
5. Used for mixed (obstructive and central) sleep apnea and also for impending respiratory failure
29
What is central sleep apnea?
What is it often mixed with?
What pts can this be seen in?
4
No ventilatory effort seen during episodes of apnea as determined during the polysomnogram
Brain forgets to tell the body to breathe
Most often seen mixed with obstructive sleep apnea
Can be seen in
1. premature infants
Clinically common in
2. post stroke,
3. traumatic brain injury and
4. CHF
30
Conditions that may be associated with central sleep apnea:
8
1. Congestive heart failure
2. Hypothyroid Disease
3. Kidney failure
4. Neurological diseases, such as 5. Parkinson’s disease,
6. Alzheimer’s disease, and
7. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease)
8. Damage to the brainstem caused by encephalitis, stroke, injury, or other factors | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 103 Part 3.djvu/769
ANNEX IV—Continued HTS Subheading 88 modified by Annex II 6209.20.20 6209.20.30 6209.20.50 6209.30.10 6209.30.20 6209.30.30 6209.90.10 6209.90.20 6209.90.30 6209.90.40 6210.10.20 6210.10.40 6210.20.10 6210.20.20 6210.30.10 6210.30.20 6210.40.10 6210.40.20 6210.50.10 6210.50.20 6211.11.10 6211.11.20 6211.12.10 6211.12.30 6211.20.10 6211.20.15 6211.20.20 6211.20.30 6211.20.40 6211.20.50 6211.20.60 Rates of duty, effective with respect to goods originating in the territory of Canada and entered on or after— January 1, 1989 14.8% 15.9% 8.9% 25.7% 27.3% 15.3% 25.7% 27.3% 15.3% 2.7% 5% 15.3% 6.8% 5.9% 6.8% 5.9% 6.8% 5.9% 6.8% 5.9% 26.6% 7.2% 21.1% 7.2% 4.2% 6.8% 26.5% 26.9% 15.3% 26.8% 27.3% January 1, 1990 13.2% 14.1% 7.9% 22.8% 24.3% 13.6% 22.8% 24.3% 13.6% 2.4% 4.4% 13.6% 6% 5.2% 6% 5.2% 6% 5.2% 6% 5.2% 23.6% 6.4% 18.8% 6.4% 3.7% 6% 23.6% 23.9% 13.6% 23.8% 24.3% January 1, 1991 11.5% 12.3% 6.9% 20% 21.2% 11.9% 20% 21.2% 11.9% 2.1% 3.9% 11.9% 5.3% 4.6% 5.3% 4.6% 5.3% 4.6% 5.3% 4.6% 20.7% 5.6% 16.4% 5.6% 3.2% 5.3% 20.6% 20.9% 11.9% 20.8% 21.2% January 1, 1992 9.9% 10.6% 5.9% 17.1% 18.2% 10.2% 17.1% 18.2% 10.2% 1.8% 3.3% 10.2% 4.5% 3.9% 4.5% 3.9% 4.5% 3.9% 4.5% 3.9% 17.7% 4.8% 14.1% 4.8% 2.8% 4.5% 17.7% 17.9% 10.2% 17.8% 18.2% January 1, 1993 8.2% 8.8% 4.9% 14.3% 15.2% 8.5% 14.3% 15.2% 8.5% 1.5% 2.8% 8.5% 3.8% 3.3% 3.8% 3.3% 3.8% 3.3% 3.8% 3.3% 14.8% 4% 11.7% 4% 2.3% 3.8% 14.7% 14.9% 8.5% 14.9% 15.2% January 1, 1994 6.6% 7% 3.9% 11.4% 12.1% 6.8% 11.4% 12.1% 6.8% 1.2% 2.2% 6.8% 3% 2.6% 3% 2.6% 3% 2.6% 3% 2.6% 11.8% 3.2% 9.4% 3.2% 1.8% 3% 11.8% 11.9% 6.8% 11.9% 12.1% January 1, 1995 4.9% 5.3% 2.9% 8.5% 9.1% 5.1% 8.5% 9.1% 5.1% 0.9% 1.6% 5.1% 2.2% 1.9% 2.2% 1.9% 2.2% 1.9% 2.2% 1.9% 8.8% 2.4% 7% 2.4% 1.4% 2.2% 8.8% 8.9% 5.1% 8.9% 9.1% January 1, 1996 3.3% 3.5% 1.9% 5.7% 6% 3.4% 5.7% 6% 3.4% 0.6% 1.1% 3.4% 1.5% 1.3% 1.5% 1.3% 1.5% 1.3% 1.5% 1.3% 5.9% 1.6% 4.7% 1.6% 0.9% 1.5% 5.9% 5.9% 3.4% 5.9% 6% January 1, 1997 1.6% 1.7% 0.9% 2.8% 3% 1.7% 2.8% 3% 1.7% 0.3% 0.5% 1.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 2.9% 0.8% 2.3% 0.8% 0.4% 0.7% 2.9% 2.9% 1.7% 2.9% 3% January 1, 1998 Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free 8i
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Hier finden Sie wissenschaftliche Publikationen aus den Fraunhofer-Instituten.
Gender-incompatible liver transplantation is not a risk factor for patient survival
: Lehner, F.; Becker, T.; Klempnauer, J.; Borlak, J.
:
Liver international 29 (2008), No.2, pp.196-202
ISSN: 1478-3223
ISSN: 1478-3231
English
Journal Article
Fraunhofer ITEM ()
Gender incompatibility; steroid metabolism; liver failure; survival; liver - transplantation
Abstract
Background/Aims: Clinical data may be suggestive for differences in patient survival in gender-incompatible orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), but findings are inconsistent and are putatively linked to circulating hormones. We therefore investigated patient survival as well as metabolism of steroids to identify possible causes of improved graft survival in gender-mismatched OLT.
Methods: We examined our single-centre database of 1355 recipients of first liver transplants for overall patient survival by non-parametric and parametric analysis of multivariance taking the age of recipient and donor, ischaemia time, underlying liver disease and the time period of transplantation into account. Furthermore, the metabolism of androgens in gender-incompatible OLT was studied in cultures of primary human hepatocytes obtained from male and female patients.
Results: Unlike previous studies we were unable to determine overall significant differences in patient survival in gender-incompatible OLT, even though a statistically significant improved patient survival was observed when male donor livers were transplanted into female recipients in univariant analysis (P = 0.047). However, when the overall patient management was taken into account no difference in survival was determined in multivariant analysis. Importantly, the metabolism of testosterone did not differ between male and female hepatocyte cultures, except for the production of 6-a-hydroxy-testosterone (Po0.001). Conclusions: Taken collectively, clinical observations may tend to suggest a slightly improved patient survival in gender-incompatible OLT but this cannot be explained on the bases of androgen metabolism. Overall, we view gender-incompatible liver transplantation not to be a confounder in patient survival after OLT.
: http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-87027.html | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Time War
Time War can refer to:
* Temporal war, a fictional conflict that takes place in multiple time periods, instigated by factions in the future who then travel back and alter history to their own ends
* Time War (Doctor Who), an event in the fictional Doctor Who universe
* Time War, a module in the Nintendo game Meteos
* Time War, a fantasy novel by Lin Carter, published in 1974
* Time War (board game), a time travel wargame published in 1979 by Yaquinto | WIKI |
Wesleyan Church, Aldershot
The Wesleyan Church is a former Methodist church for the town of Aldershot in Hampshire, England. Closed in 1988 the building has been a Grade II* listed building since 30 April 1981. In use today as offices, a dental studio and a gymnasium, the former Wesleyan Church is situated on the corner of Grosvenor Road and Queens Road in Aldershot.
Early Methodism in Aldershot
The Rev Dr William Harris Rule came to Aldershot in 1856 to open Methodist work among the troops, remaining until 1865 and working in the town as a contemporary of missioner Mrs Louisa Daniell. The Wesleyan Connexion provided funding for the construction of an iron chapel on a site located in Church Street off Queens Road which was dedicated on 10 July 1857. Subsequently, a chaplain’s house and a Soldiers' Home were added. Methodism was not a recognised "religious denomination" in Army returns and there was great opposition from the local Anglican chaplains who found him an irritant but Dr Rule was supported by Lieut-General William Knollys and by 1862 Methodism was accepted under "Other Protestants" and so the work could continue unhindered. The Primitive Methodists at that time were served by chapels in Victoria Road (the now demolished Rotunda building built in 1876 and sold to the Reformed Episcopal Church of England in the mid 20th-century) and the Ebenezer Primitive Methodist chapel on Ash Road, built in 1885.
However, boundary changes in the form of the high Wall around the south of the Camp isolated the Chapel which could now only be reached after a long walk and so the Rev Richard Watson Allen (1833-1914) secured a large site on the corner of Queens Road and Grosvenor Road in the centre of the developing town was within a few yards of the entrance to the barracks. Of this period it was later written:
"Mr Allen secured a large site in the centre of the town within two minutes’ walk of the main entrance into the Camp. Conference by formal vote gave him permission to appeal for and collect funds throughout the Connexion; and at once, with untiring energy and indomitable courage, he set to work. The result was that on one of the finest sites in Aldershot there was erected a magnificent church. Adjoining the church was built a Soldiers' Home, which at that date, was one of the best to be found in any command. This magnificent block of buildings--to it a Wesley Hall was later added by the civilian members of the congregation--is one of the finest in British Methodism, and stands today as a monument of the work done by Mr Allen during the years he was stationed at Aldershot."
Construction of the church building began in 1874 while the adjacent Soldiers' Home with lecture room, library, refreshment room and other accommodation was completed first and opened on 13 June 1875. The imposing Wesleyan Methodist Church on Grosvenor Road with its 100 foot tower was opened on 24 October 1877 with seating for 1,150 worshippers; the total cost of construction was £10,000.
Design and features
Built to the design of William Willmer Pocock with local sandstone rubble dressed with Bath stone and partly built with brick at the rear with slate roofs and crested ridge tiles, the nave was built with aisles, transepts, a chancel with a tower at the north-west corner. The design is Gothic Revival enhanced with Early English, Decorated and Perpendicular features. The main west window is Early English in style. The organ was installed in 1906 while the choir stalls and lectern were fitted after the Methodist Union of 1932 when the building had to accommodate a larger congregation after the smaller Primitive Methodist Rotunda chapel on Victoria Road in the town closed and its congregation moved to the Wesleyan buildings on Grosvenor Road and Ash Road.
The prominent tower, described as " the only significant tower in the town", is a local landmark and visible for miles. The tower clock was installed in 1922 in memory of the Rev. Edward Pearce Lowry (1843-1921), father of the English physical chemist Thomas Martin Lowry and Honorary Chaplain to the Forces of Aldershot Command from 1892 to 1919. The Rev Lowry is buried in Aldershot Military Cemetery. The nave is supported by columns of cast iron capped with Bath stone. The preserved reredos behind the now removed altar was created in mosaic and tiles and showed the Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer. The reredos is in memory of Frances Penelope Wharton Middleton, the daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Lewis Watson who fought at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 as a Major in the 69th Regiment. She is further commemorated on a brass plaque dated 1882 placed at the bottom of the reredos by her husband Richard Wharton Middleton of Leasingham Hall in Leasingham in Lincolnshire; he had also fought at Waterloo as an Ensign.
The Methodist Union and after
The church with its Soldiers' Home and Hall served Methodist locals for over a hundred years while the support for servicemen provided by the Soldiers' Home was transferred to the Smith-Dorrien Home in 1925. When Wesleyan and Primitive Methodism united in the Methodist Union in 1932 the Methodist congregation in the town worshipped at the two Methodist churches on Grosvenor Road and the Ebenezer Primitive Methodist chapel on Ash Road until the closure of the latter in 1958 when it was sold as it no longer met the needs of the congregation. A plot of land opposite on the corner of Herrett Street and Stone Street was purchased and the stone-laying ceremony for a new all-purpose building took place on 26 April 1958. As it opened on to Stone Street that became its title. After the Grosvenor Road building was sold by the Aldershot Military Trust for £500,000 in 1988 the congregation joined other churches in the Methodist Circuit, some joining Stone Street when the name was changed to Aldershot Methodist Church. Subsequently changes were made to both the interior and exterior of the building to make it the functional building that it is today.
Since becoming redundant as a church in 1988 the Wesleyan Church on Grosvenor Road has been converted to a variety of uses including offices, a dental surgery and a gymnasium. The conversion was made by architects from the Farnham company of Ambergrange Ltd who won the Rushmoor Civic Design Award in 1992, commemorated in the stone behind the sign. | WIKI |
Echinodon
Echinodon is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur that lived during the earliest Cretaceous of southern England and possibly western France in the Berriasian epoch. The first specimens were jaw bones named Echinodon becklesii by Sir Richard Owen in 1861, and since their original description only additional teeth have been discovered. The specific name honours collector Samuel Beckles who discovered the material of Echinodon and many other taxa from across England, while the genus name translates as "prickly tooth" in reference to the dental anatomy of the taxon.
Originally, Echinodon was considered to be a type of herbivorous lizard, though this was quickly revised to an intermediate ornithischian. It was referred to the clade Stegosauria based on general dental anatomy and incorrectly referred armour that was later identified as a turtle's. Echinodon was then referred to the early ornithischian family Fabrosauridae, which was later identified as an artificial group with Echinodon reassigned to Heterodontosauridae. While the family was originally considered to be closest to more derived ornithopods, it was eventually reidentified as the most basal group of ornithischians, making Echinodon a taxon descended from many genera from the Early Jurassic, with a ghost lineage of 50 million years of unpreserved evolution.
All specimens of Echinodon have been found in the Purbeck Group of Dorset, which has been variably considered to be from the latest Jurassic or the earliest Cretaceous. Current studies accept an Early Cretaceous Berriasian age, making Echinodon both the youngest and the smallest heterodontosaurid. Other dinosaurs it lived alongside include the ornithopod Owenodon and the theropod Nuthetes, which are both also fragmentary. An abundance of small mammals also lived alongside Echinodon, and the sediments show that the Purbeck Group was a variably lagoonal environment initially similar to the modern Mediterranean but became wetter over time.
History of discovery
Multiple specimens of jaw bones were discovered by Samuel Beckles high on a cliff in Durdlestone Bay on the Isle of Purbeck in southern England. These fossils, including many teeth as well as maxilla and dentary bones of the upper and lower jaws, were found alongside shells and plant fossils in the Purbeck Beds. These were first described in a monograph published in 1861 written by Sir Richard Owen, a British palaeontologist who also described fossils of Iguanodon and Megalosaurus. Owen gave the name Echinodon becklesii for the fossils, which he considered to be part of the lizard clade Lacertilia. While the specific name honoured Beckles for his discovery of the fossils and allowing Owen to study his collection of Purbeck fossils, the generic name was derived from the Ancient Greek, 'hedgehog', and , 'tooth', which Owen combined as "prickly tooth" to describe the anatomy of the along the sides of the teeth. Owen had corresponded with British palaeontologist Hugh Falconer, who had suggested the name "Sauraechinodon", but as the shortened form Echinodon was not preoccupied, Owen chose to use the abbreviated form as the name for his new animal. Falconer issued a correction in 1861, specifying that he proposed the name "Sauraechmodon" instead of "Sauraechinodon".
Although originally described as a lacertilian by Owen, he revised his classification in 1874 to group Echinodon with Scelidosaurus and Iguanodon in a clade he called Prionodontia, which was within the larger clade Dinosauria. In 1888 British palaeontologist Richard Lydekker followed previous classification of Echinodon as a dinosaur based on the anatomy of its teeth, describing them as similar to Scelidosaurus although not referring them to a more specific clade than Dinosauria indeterminate. The series of specimens designated as types by Owen were purchased by the British Museum of Natural History (BMNH now NHMUK) in 1876 and form part of the Beckles Collection, bearing specimen numbers NHMUK 48209 to 48215. Lydekker also specified that Echinodon was found in the Middle Purbeck Beds, an informal unit of the modern Purbeck Limestone Group, the formal name for the historic Purbeck Beds. British palaeontologist Peter Galton narrowed down the depositional locality of Echinodon further in 1978 to the freshwater "Dirt Bed", also known as the "Mammal Pit" that was excavated by Beckles in 1857. However, no evidence exists to link Echinodon to any specific bed in the Lulworth Formation of the Purbeck Group. Galton also referred the specimen NHMUK 48229 to Echinodon, a fragmentary dentary with teeth, and the only further referrals to the genus includes isolated teeth also from the Purbeck beds.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, excavations of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County uncovered many small ornithischian fossils in the Fruita Paleontological Area of Colorado. These remains, collected from sandstones at the base of the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation, were approximately 150.2-150.3 million years old, and were initially described as intermediate fabrosaur remains by their collector George Calliston in 1984. Three years later Calliston revised his description and referred the material, including jaw bones, vertebrae and most of the hindlimb, to Echinodon sp., an assignment supported by Galton in 2002, although in 2006 he reconsidered the material and noticed differences in tooth anatomy from Echinodon proper. In 2009, these fossils were given their own genus, Fruitadens haagarorum, a related but distinct taxon from Echinodon.
In 2021 two premaxillary teeth that were attributed to Echinodon were reported from the Angeac-Charente bonebed of France, which is coeval with the Purbeck deposits.
Description
The known material of Echinodon is limited to bones of the skull, but the multiple specimens include at least some of the, , , , , and along with most of both the upper and lower jaws. Based on proportions of the related genus Heterodontosaurus, the skull of Echinodon would have been 62 mm long, which is comparable to Tianyulong at 66 mm but less than adults of Fruitadens at 75 mm long, making Echinodon the smallest presumably adult heterodontosaur and one of the smallest non-avian dinosaurs.
The main body of both premaxillae are preserved in the lectotype specimen of Echinodon, although fractured and crushed. A premaxillary is present near the anterior margin of the individual bone, and the it is nested within is more similar in shape to Heterodontosaurus than more derived Hypsilophodon. The surface of the front of the bone along the toothrow is textured and lacks teeth, distinguishing the bone from that of Lesothosaurus which bears teeth along its entire length. The premaxilla bore only three teeth, lacking denticles (serrations) present in most basal ornithischians, although all teeth are subequal in size with the third being the largest.
Three maxillae are preserved among the material of Echinodon, preserving almost all the bone including most regions of contact with other cranial bones. The maxillae are slightly flattened, which minimises the strength of the buccal emargination, a diagnostic character of ornithischians where the maxillary tooth row and bone directly above it is inset from the outer edge of the bone. The presence of an arched diastema in Echinodon is a topic of disagreement. While Galton and American palaeontologist Paul Sereno interpret a diastema as present as in Heterodontosaurus, British palaeontologists David B. Norman and Paul M. Barrett concluded in 2002 that, based on the images of Owen prior to later damage of the fossil NHMUK 48209, a diastema was absent. Sereno reiterated in 2012 that a diastema was present and arched based on the maxilla NHMUK 48211. Nine teeth are present in the maxilla of Echinodon, the first being an enlarged and slender canine similar to those seen in the premaxilla of Lycorhinus and Heterodontosaurus. Owen also figured a partial tooth in front of the caniniform, but it has since been lost in damage to the material. While Norman and Barrett used this as evidence for a second caniniform smaller than the one behind, Galton in 1978 and Sereno in 2012 identified only one canine present. The first post-caniniform tooth of Echinodon is the largest, although only slightly taller than those following, which are all the same size. There is a round prominence along the middle of the tooth crowns, but there are no prominent ridges present on the crown. Eight to ten denticles are present on each side of the tooth crowns.
Little of the lacrimal, jugal, and palatine are preserved, although the margin of the can be identified in the fragment of the lacrimal. The ectopterygoid bone of the is partially complete and preserved in articulation with the maxilla of NHMUK 48210. Lack of preservation limits the anatomical details that can be identified beyond its resembling the bone known in other ornithischians.
The bone is not preserved in Echinodon, but its presence can be confirmed by the morphology of the anterior end of the known dentaries. Like in other heterodontosaurids, the predentary was only loosely articulated with the dentary in life, lacking lateral and ventral processes. The dentary was deep for a basal ornithischian, its height at mid-length being 30% of the total length. The bone tapers anteriorly along its length, although the margins are subparallel under the middle of the tooth row. A row of are present along the margin of the buccal emargination, as in the maxilla. The process is prominent, unlike other basal ornithischians, although the contact between the dentaries is V-shaped as in basal ornithischians. There were 11 teeth in the dentary, the first two of which were specialised compared to most ornithischians. While specialised anterior teeth were not discussed by Galton in 1978, and were considered absent by Norman and Barrett in 2002, Sereno described the first two of Echinodon as differing in size from following teeth in 2012. The first alveolus was extremely reduced, indicating a small peg-like first dentary tooth as in Lycorhinus, and the second was significantly enlarged indicating a caniniform larger than the one in the maxilla. The regular dentary teeth were slightly taller than those of the maxilla and bore denticles along the top half of the crown instead of the top 25%. As in the maxilla, the crowns has a medial bulge, eight to ten denticles on either side of the tip, and symmetrical.
Classification
Owen originally classified Echinodon as a herbivorous lizard, he revised its placement to one within Dinosauria. Echinodon was considered an intermediate, potentially ornithischian, dinosaur until it was referred by Franz Nopcsa to the clade Scelidosaurinae within Stegosauridae in 1928 based on a tall coronoid process and tapering teeth, both of which are considered widespread within ornithischians. Isolated dermal armour found in the Purbeck Beds was referred to Echinodon on the basis of a stegosaurian classification by Justin Delair in 1959, although these have since been reassigned to solemydid turtles.
Classifications of many basal ornithischians were reviewed by Richard Thulborn in 1971, where he placed Echinodon within Hypsilophodontidae: derived from Triassic forms lacking canines (termed "fabrosaurs"), close to the Jurassic genera Laosaurus and Nanosaurus, and more primitive than the Cretaceous genera Hypsilophodon, Parksosaurus and Thescelosaurus. Galton published a rebuttal the following year, disagreeing with Thulborn's use of Hypsilophodontidae. As teeth in the premaxilla, one of Thulborn's diagnostic traits for the family, were a primitive feature, Galton argued they should not be used to classify ornithopods. Instead, Fabrosaurus and Echinodon were united in the new family Fabrosauridae based on laterally positioned teeth, and removed from Hypsilophodontidae. Galton followed up on this classification with the naming of the genus Lesothosaurus in 1978, and along with its description reviewed the anatomy of multiple basal ornithischian genera, including Echinodon, Nanosaurus and Fabrosaurus. All but Echinodon were definitively referred by him to Fabrosauridae, although the placement of Echinodon was questionable as it also bore similarities to the clade Heterodontosauridae, known to possess enlarged canine teeth as well. However, Galton considered a fabrosaurid identity more likely as the teeth of the taxon lack flat wear facets.
Sereno was the first to reclassify Echinodon as a member of the family Heterodontosauridae. In 1991, he revised the cranial anatomy of Lesothosaurus, and compared it to a large number of other basal ornithischians. The teeth of Echinodon, in fact, were interpreted to possess flat wear facets on its teeth, as well as having teeth inset from the edge of the maxilla like in ornithischians more derived than Lesothosaurus. As these were what was suggested to unite the genus with "fabrosaurs", Sereno considered Echinodon to be a heterodontosaurid based on the presence of canines and arched gaps in the front of the tooth row. Heterodontosaurus, Abrictosaurus and an undescribed form from the Kayenta Formation were also placed within the family. Norman and Barrett redescribed Echinodon in 2002 and supported the heterodontosaurid classification but instead referred it to the clade based on the lacking foramina on tooth-bearing bones and possessing denticles restricted to the top third of the crown.
Although a placement as a heterodontosaurid for Echinodon has been supported in further analyses including some of the first phylogenetic analyses of ornithischians, the placement of the family itself has changed over time. The family, either excluding Echinodon as in Thulborn's 1971 study, or including the genus as in Galton's and Sereno's work, was originally considered to be a group of basal ornithopods more derived than ankylosaurs and stegosaurs. Further research, including the extensive phylogenetic analysis of British palaeontologist Richard J. Butler and colleagues in 2008 supported heterodontosaurids as the most basal ornithischians instead. A revised analysis by Butler et al. in 2011 also resolved a basal placement for heterodontosaurids, and resolved internal relationships of the family, with Echinodon being a basal genus in the family along with Abrictosaurus as well. Following additional analysis by South American palaeontologist Diego Pol and colleagues in 2011, Echinodon was resolved as a basal ornithischian, yet not within the family Heterodontosauridae. Pol et al. considered that the placement outside Heterodontosauridae was not because it was not within the family but instead because of the incomplete nature of its remains.
The cladogram below follows the analysis by Sereno in 2012, including the validly named heterodontosaurids described at the time. The clade including the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Echinodon, Fruitadens and Tianyulong was poorly supported based on few dental features.
According to the resolution of the 2012 analysis conducted by Sereno, Echinodon and the other Laurasian heterodontosaurids were excluded from the clade of Gondwanan heterodontosaurids. Echinodon, Fruitadens, Tianyulong and the undescribed Kayenta heterodontosaurid all bear low-crowned teeth unlike the Gondwanan forms, as well as a lobular and a prominent anterior groove leading to a foramen on the lateral surface of the dentary. All but the Kayenta heterodontosaurid are also significantly younger than the remaining heterodontosaurids, and the presence of the three united in a clade excluding other taxa implied an unknown lineage of heterodontosaurids that lasts 50 million years through the Jurassic. Missing data for this ghost lineage may be due to the exceptionally small size of the group.
Following the earlier results of Chinese palaeontologist Xu Xing and colleagues in 2006, where the clade Heterodontosauriformes was created to unite heterodontosaurs, ceratopsians and pachycephalosaurs, French palaeontologist Paul-Emile Dieudonné and colleagues proposed that Echinodon and other heterodontosaurs were early forms of pachycephalosaurs. Their results placed the Echinodon as the sister taxon to the taxa typically classified within Pachycephalosauria, followed by Tianyulong, while all other heterodontosaurs studied formed a group at the origins of the clade. This hypothesis would reduce the ghost lineage of pachycephalosaurs and pull back the origins of cerapods back to the Early Jurassic.
Palaeobiology
The anatomy of Echinodon and other heterodontosaurids is poorly known; most palaeobiological aspects are based on the almost-complete genus Heterodontosaurus. Wear facets on the crowns of Heterodontosaurus indicate occlusion across the top of the tooth, unlike the implied jaw motion in other forms like Echinodon where the wear facets are only on the sides of the crowns. Despite the unique jaw motion of Heterodontosaurus compared to more primitive heterodontosaurids, the function of the enlarged canines was likely the same across the clade. Based on the presence of wear along the tips of the premaxillary crown and the movement of the dentary caniniform relative to other teeth as the jaw closed, according to Sereno in 2012, the primary function of the premaxillary tooth row would be for cropping vegetation. This contrasts with the earlier hypotheses of Butler et al. in 2008 that the enlarged canines of the clade were for an omnivorous diet. The hypothesis of omnivory was also supported by Norman and colleagues in 2011 under the interpretation that the canines and premaxillary teeth lacked wear from cropping vegetation. The edentulous regions of the premaxilla and predentary likely were the basis for keratinous beaks as in other ornithischians.
Ecology
The Purbeck Group is a distinctive sequence of evaporites, thin sandstones and shelly limestones interbedded with marl and shales. Sedimentology shows they were deposited in a fluctuation of freshwater, brackish, hypersaline and quasi-marine environments. Flora and fauna are indicative of variable terrestrial, lacustrine, saline and lagoonal associations. The climate of the early Purbeck Group was likely similar to the modern Mediterranean and became wetter towards the end of the Berriasian. While the Purbeck Group was originally known as the informal Purbeck Beds, it can now be divided into the upper Durlston Formation and the lower Lulworth Formation. The "Upper Purbeck Beds" and a majority of the "Middle Purbeck Beds" are contained within the Durlston Formation, the oldest deposit of which is the Cinder Beds of the Stair Hole Member. The Cinder Beds have, at times, been considered the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary, which would result in the entire Lulworth Formation being latest Jurassic, Tithonian, in age. However, despite the uncertainties about the age of the beds because of a lack of correlation through fauna or dating, it is generally accepted that the Purbeck Group is entirely earliest Cretaceous in age, with the Lulworth Formation being early Berriasian. The Purbeck Group is visibly underlain by the Late Jurassic Portland Group in Durlston Bay and has a transitional but locally obscured boundary with the overlying Wealden Group at Peveril Point.
There is a great deal of uncertainty as to the location of the specimens collected from the Lulworth Formation; the only definitive way to test would be to analyse the matrix of each specimen to determine its salinity. The Purbeck Group has the most diverse ornithischian fauna of any deposit in Dorset, and is one of few Berriasian deposits globally, but is limited almost entirely to cranial or dental material, and tracks. Owenodon hoggii is the only other named ornithischian from the beds and is known only from a dentary with teeth originally described as a species of Iguanodon. A femur and dorsal of an intermediate hadrosauriform is also known, along with intermediate ornithopods and ankylosaurs known both from body fossils and from footprints. Beyond ornithischians, the Lulworth Formation also contains the theropod Nuthetes, amphibians, turtles, lizards, snakes, mammals and crocodilians, and varieties of invertebrates. Amphibians from the Lulworth Formation include the salamanders Apricosiren and an intermediate batrachosauroidid, the albanerpetontid Celtedens and the frog Sunnybatrachus. Four taxa of turtles are known, the cryptodires Dorsetochelys, Helochelydra, Hylaeochelys and Pleurosternon. The Purbeck is one of the most diverse Early Cretaceous deposits globally for lepidosaurians. The genera Becklesius, Dorsetisaurus, Durotrigia, Paramacellodus, Pseudosaurillus, Parasaurillus, Purbicella, Saurillus, Parviraptor and three unnamed tooth morphologies represent the known squamates, and fossils referred to the rhynchocephalians Homoeosaurus and Opisthias have also been found.
The diverse mammal assemblage includes the small eutherians Durlstodon and Durlstotherium; the non-eutherian peramurans Peramus, Peramuroides, Magnimus and Kouriogenys; the non-eutherian symmetrodonts Spalacotherium, Tinodon and Thereuodon; the non-eutherian dryolestoids Achyrodon, Amblotherium, Dorsetodon, Chunnelodon and Phascolestes; the non-eutherian multituberculates Albionbaatar, Bolodon, Gerhardodon, Plagiaulax and Sunnyodon; the non-eutherian eutriconodonts Trioracodon and Triconodon, the non-mammalian morganucodontan Purbeckodon; and the non-mammalian docodont Peraiocynodon. Crocodilians from within the Lulworth deposits include Goniopholis gracilidens, Theriosuchus pusillus, Pholidosaurus purbeckensis, dubious remains previously known as Goniopholis tenuidens, and the dubious taxon Macellodus brodiei. Specific sites within the formation also preserve the primitive snipe flies Simulidium and Pseudosimulium, and the nematoceran flies Eoptychoptera, Brodilka and Eucorethrina. | WIKI |
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Why Is My Skin Discolored after Acne?
Have you noticed dark spots or patches of skin develop on your face after clearing up acne? How about a dark spot somewhere on your body after getting a cut or another skin injury? This is a specific type of hyperpigmentation called post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and is a common issue among pigmented skin types.
Many patients ask me what they can do about discolored skin after acne. This guide breaks down the root causes of this type of hyperpigmentation, as well as how to treat it and even prevent it from happening in the future.
What Causes Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation?
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation or PIH appears on the skin in areas where inflammation has occurred. It is characterized by darker spots or patches of skin than the surrounding areas, ranging in color from red and pink to brown or black. PIH can occur after any cause of inflammation, including cuts, scrapes, ingrown hairs, and bug bites, but acne is one of the most common causes, especially on the face.
Inflammation is your body’s natural response to these injuries. However, as the skin starts to heal, too much melanin is sometimes produced in the process, leaving you with dark spots in place of the injury.
It is important to note that PIH is not the same as an acne scar. Often called “pseudo scarring,” PIH does not damage the structure of the skin and results in a flat area of discoloration. Acne scars, on the other hand, are pitted or raised and are therefore more difficult to treat and usually require in-office treatments like dermal fillers, lasers, or microneedling.
Who Gets Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation?
Anyone can get post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, but pigmented skin types are more prone to this problem. Spending lots of time in the sun without sunscreen or protective clothing can also increase your risk of developing dark spots in place of cuts and acne.
How Is PIH Treated?
The good news is that PIH is generally easier to treat than acne scars and sometimes even fades away on its own. However, it can take several months or even years for these spots to fully fade, and some do not go away on their own at all.
To treat post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, skin lightening ingredients like hydroquinone, kojic acid, and vitamin C are often used and can be very effective. Be careful to only apply these products to the dark spots to avoid lightening other areas of your skin.
Retinoids and alpha hydroxy acids can also help pigmented spots to fade away. These ingredients accelerate the skin’s desquamation or exfoliation process, helping new non-pigmented skin cells to reach the surface of your skin more quickly.
Is PIH Preventable?
Yes! There are measures you can take to minimize your chances of developing PIH.
• Do not pick at acne lesions and avoid popping pimples. If you absolutely must pop a pimple, do so correctly to reduce the likelihood of scarring and PIH.
• Follow your dermatologist’s prescribed skincare regimen for managing acne.
• Stay out of the sun whenever possible, and wear sunscreen on a daily basis.
• Use anti-inflammatory skincare ingredients such as pure argan oil, found in products such as PAORR.
• Keep your skin properly moisturized if you are a dry skin type
In Summary
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a frustrating problem for many pigmented skin types. Fortunately, there are many treatment options that can help you achieve an even, healthy-looking complexion. Keep in mind that these treatments can take time to yield full results, so stick with your prescribed regimen, even if it doesn’t seem to be working on the surface. With time, you should begin to notice dark spots fading, revealing the beautiful, even skin tone underneath.
©2019 Metabeauty, Inc.
July 26, 2019 Acne
Dribbble | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
María Teresa Lara
María Teresa Lara Aguirre del Pino (Tlatlauquitepec, 1904 – May 23, 1984) was a Mexican lyricist and composer.
Family
Lara was a daughter of Joaquín M. Lara and his wife, María Aguirre del Pino. Her aunt was Refugio Aguirre del Pino.
Her elder brother was Agustín Lara, who was a songwriter and composer, singer and actor.
Her sister-in-law was María Félix, mother of actor Enrique Álvarez Félix, who appeared in many telenovelas.
She worked with Agustín on several songs and married Nicanor Guzmán Guerrero (1909 – 1992). Some of Agustín's songs were copyrighted in her name.
Works, editions and recordings
* Me dejaste
* Valencia
* Toledo – recorded on recital ¡Ay, ay, ay! | WIKI |
Davide Bramati
Davide Bramati (born 28 June 1968, in Vaprio d'Adda) is a former Italian professional road bicycle racer who last rode at the UCI ProTeam level with the Quick-Step–Innergetic team, which he joined in 2003 debuting for them at the Tour Down Under in Australia.
He retired as a professional cyclist in 2006, when he began his new career of team manager. He currently holds this position with the team of Patrick Lefevere.
Major results
* 1992
* 1st Stage 13 Volta a Portugal
* 1997
* 1st Stage 3 Giro del Trentino
* 1999
* 1st Stage 1 Vuelta a Murcia
* 2000
* 1st Stage 17 Vuelta a España
* 2002
* 1st Stage 4 Vuelta a Aragón | WIKI |
BRIEF-AIG reports impact of UK ogden discount rate change
April 19 (Reuters) - American International Group Inc : * AIG announces impact of UK ogden discount rate change and treatment of deferred gain associated with adverse development cover * AIG - in Q1 expects to record an increase to prior year loss reserves of about $100 million pre-tax from recent decision by uk ministry of justice on ogden rate * AIG -to recognize estimated nominal pre-tax deferred gain of $2.6 billion in connection with adverse development cover entered into with Berkshire Hathaway * AIG - Q1 2017 results will reflect a partial quarter of amortization of approximately $40 million pre-tax based on closing date of contract of feb 3, 2017 Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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