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O Christmas Trees
December 2, 2012
By GLYNIS VALENTI - Staff Writer ( , Times Leader
"Its decorations shall be superb, superfine, superfrostical, shnockagastical, double refined, mill' twill'd made of Dog's Wool, Swingling Tow, and Posnum fur; which cannot fail to gratisfy taste." This was a meeting announcement in a York, Pa. newspaper on Dec. 23, 1823 describing a "Kris Kringle tree," and, spelling differences aside, is one of the earliest literary mentions of an American Christmas tree.
Not even 200 years earlier, any form of Christmas celebration in general was a punishable offense in the colonies. The Puritans of the 1600's discouraged and disparaged any "reveling," "caroling" and "feasting" on a day that they felt was strongly connected to the Catholic church. Like so many ancient holiday traditions, what we know as the Christmas tree today, so ingrained in this season's celebration, has evolved from practices around long before the birth of Christ.
Civilizations even prior to the Egyptians recognized first, the lengthening days after the winter solstice in December and, second, that some plants retained their greenery all year. To the pagan mind, the god(s) of the Sun (Ra for the Egyptians) became ill or weak as winter approached and then regained strength, signified by the lengthening days. Early Romans paid homage to Saturn, the god of agriculture, as days grew longer.
Article Photos
These trees at Weirzbicki’s Tree Farm have their root balls intact and can be replanted after Christmas. Antonia Weirzbicki says that many people buy these to keep their purchases environmentally friendly.
Evergreen boughs have symbolized eternal or everlasting life in many, many cultures. They have always been used this time of year to encourage and celebrate the coming spring and offer hope amidst the cold, dark, barren days of winter. The Druids and Vikings, who worshipped trees, brought in evergreens to ward off evil spirits for the coming year. This wasn't limited to the trees we recognize today, but they gathered greens from holly and hawthorn trees, and laurel, mistletoe, juniper and ivy, too.
The beginnings of a Christmas-related tree is generally traced back to a documented incident involving St. Boniface, an English Catholic Bishop, sent to Germany as a missionary in the eighth century. He converted a large segment of the population and returned to Rome to consult with Pope Gregory II. Upon his return to Germany for Christmas in 723, he discovered the town preparing for a sacrifice at Odin's tree - a pagan practice. Incensed, St. Boniface chopped the tree down. He diverted everyone's attention to a small fir tree nearby as a symbol of everlasting life, noting that its shape pointed toward heaven, and urged the people to bring fir trees home for the season.
In medieval Europe, religious "mystery plays" were held on Dec. 24. A recreation of the Adam and Eve story necessitated a tree set. Since the only green trees available in December were pines, firs and such, they were the Eden trees of choice and were decorated with red apples and wafers (for redemption). Centuries later red glass balls and baubles would replace the apples.
Seasonal decorated trees first became popular in Germany and Latvia during the 1400's when guild halls began the practice of filling tree branches with fruits and nuts then allowing children to collect the goodies on Christmas Day. Some guilds would decorate trees for events, then take the trees to a town square afterwards for the community to enjoy. It became more common as a Protestant practice and seen as a German custom as trees began appearing in German homes. Elsewhere in Europe, Catholics followed the tradition of bringing a crib into the home for the Christ Child.
By the 19th century decorated trees had swept east and west from Russia to France. Britain's alliance with Germany brought the custom to England. Queen Victoria as a young girl loved the tradition, and when she married Prince Albert, her German cousin, it became widespread.
In the mid-1800's the Christmas tree finally reached America as a bona fide custom for the masses. A popular holiday woodcut of Queen Victoria and her family was published in 1850 in Godey's Lady's Book. Within two decades, Christmas trees were commonplace. In 1856, Franklin Pierce was the first United States President to have a tree at the White House. The National Tree Lighting Ceremony began in 1923 with President Calvin Coolidge.
A German immigrant in Wooster, Ohio had the idea of putting candy canes on the tree in 1847. Bringing his beloved old country custom to his new home, he used a spruce tree with a hand-crafted tin star for the topper and hung candy canes and paper ornaments from the branches. He's officially recognized for this by the National Confectioners Association.
The first American commercial retail Christmas tree lot was in New York City in 1851. Last year, fresh tree retail sales totaled over $1 billion in the United States, with approximately 63 percent of households purchasing real trees as opposed to artificial. Oregon is the largest Christmas tree producer with seven million trees produced on 40,000 dedicated acres. The industry employs more than 100,000 people during the season.
If deciding between real and artificial trees, consider the following facts: 1. real trees remove dust and pollen from the air; 2. one acre of Christmas trees provides enough daily oxygen for 18 people; 3. while artificial trees have an average usage life of six years in the home, it's estimated life in a landfill will last several centuries.
In Belmont County, two families have been growing and selling Christmas trees for more than 60 years each, and for them the work spans all four seasons. Antonia Wierzbicki still runs the tree farm her husband started in the 1950's on the hills above Bridgeport. She is still out in the fields every day working on inventory, mowing or planting, and during the retail season (which began in September this year) she is out side by side with her children and grandchildren trimming and bundling greens and helping customers.
The farm offers eight types of evergreens for retail, the most popular being Fraser fir and Canaan fir. Customers can visit the lots early and choose a tree to be fresh cut for a certain date, have it cut that day or choose a "ball and burlap" live tree that can be replanted. Sizes range from the "Charlie Brown trees" in a box for children to 30 ft. large-scale display trees. Wreaths this year are made by Antonia's daughter, Toni, who owns Bellisima Floral (also located at the farm). Her son Ted has a tree farm in another county, but often helps out the family business.
Antonia keeps a running inventory of the trees - what has been cut and what is to be cut for whom - no small feat when planting more than 3,000 trees per year.
"She does it in her head," says Toni. "My mother is like a computer." As people request and tag their family trees, it goes into an inventory book, and Antonia makes mental notes for people looking for specific types or sizes of trees.
As with any farm, Antonia says the trickiest part can be dealing with Mother Nature. Too much or too little rain, searing heat and wildlife can affect young trees like any other crop. Christmas trees, however, are in the ground growing for an average of 10 to 15 years, so pests or weather could affect several years' worth of inventory rather than only the current year's.
Theresa Feisley, of Feisley's Tree Farm ( in Belmont, agrees. "Mother Nature has her own set of rules. She can be your best friend or your worst nightmare."
This is a huge concern for a 600-acre farm that wholesales to more than 50 customers and runs a popular retail operation that includes wagon rides through the fields to choose and cut your own trees. They grow four types of popular Christmas trees, including the Fraser fir, and won the 2012 State Grand Champion Award for a Scotch pine.
Feisley's is located on the family farm and was started by Theresa's father-in-law, John, in 1952. When the wholesale season starts (this year it was Nov. 6), they begin cutting and shipping trees, coordinating orders and semi-trucks. Theresa says they wait as late as possible so that trees are fresh for the retailers and customers, wherever they are. Fourteen-hour work days are common in November even with the additional 8 to 12 seasonal employees. They also host weddings, class reunions and non-profit benefit events like wreath-making classes.
The end result for both businesses is about the tradition of the Christmas tree and being a part of customers' memories. Antonia mentions families that have been getting trees there for 40 years. Theresa notes that there are people who come the same weekends each year and have developed yearly "friendships" with other families who come on the same day.
"As busy as we are," adds Theresa, "we keep the traditions alive. We have nine trees in our own house. It's a season to spend time with loved ones and make memories. That's what's important."
For information on Wierzbicki's Tree Farm, call (740) 633-1125. For information on Feisley's Tree Farm, visit their website or call (740) 782-1846.
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Saturday, June 19, 2010
Going to the movies alone.
I have an itch to go see a movie. But all my friends are busy or unresponsive to my text messages. I really want to see the A-Team. I haven't seen a movie in the theater in forever. I should just go by myself, right?
Can you believe that I've been sitting here for the past hour debating in my head whether or not to go? I just don't know. Is it worth it for me to fork over $9 on a Saturday night to go see a movie alone? Wouldn't that just confirm my notions that I'm a big loser who can't even find girl friends to go see a movie with? What's wrong with me? Why is this such a difficult decision for me to make?
I think I see the movie theater as something that should be a social activity, even if you aren't being social while you are watching the movie. It's an experience meant to be shared. I pay $9 for that experience to share with my friends. Would it be as worth it to pay $9 for an experience to share with myself?
...Am I worth $9?
It's now too late to catch the movie that I wanted to see. I should have just gone. But I don't know. I don't think I'm worth spending $9 on. Is that more pathetic than going to see the movie alone?
I should just get some wine.
Tonight I decided to have a couple glasses of wine. And I was feeling pretty relaaaaaxed, (I'm TOTES a lightweight apparently) and then I went in the pantry and found where my parents hid all their liquor. And you know, I started feeling bad that I never did anything rebellious as a teenager, so I sneaked out some vodka and made myself a screwdriver. It was a pretty weak screwdriver because I felt bad about taking the vodka without permission, but it felt good doing something that my parents have no idea I did. Even if I am almost 22. I need to make friends.
*end edit*
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Post a Comment | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9820186495780944}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '37728', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:QIELVLMKK6PCON5KA3OLKJYPPMVTIKXE', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ff856af6-8980-416a-b648-6eba8e8b0d44>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 18, 7, 25, 15), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.5.225', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MKFNHXPUREQSL53Y6ZUWKPYBHFOTA3DL', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:18589155-0de6-48f3-bace-c094b4c84415>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://putyourparkingbrakeon.blogspot.com/2010/06/going-to-movies-alone.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7ce0bdad-b565-46d9-ac56-636ed2554f73>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '353', 'url': 'http://putyourparkingbrakeon.blogspot.com/2010/06/going-to-movies-alone.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-186-84-172.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-43\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.026946961879730225', 'original_id': '0460fabe04bdeadfdb64675ef53f503a6fbdd635b2e2241b98c6bf5985abbca1'} |
import {TestCategory} from '@dvsa/mes-test-schema/category-definitions/common/test-category';
/**
* DL25 test category to test type mapping, as per the TARS TEST_CATEGORY_CROSS_REFERENCE table,
* @param {string} category
* @return {number | undefined}
*/
export function determineDl25TestType(category: string): number | undefined {
// documented at https://wiki.i-env.net/display/MES/Test+Category+Cross+Reference and agreed with DVSA MI Team.
const mapping: Map<TestCategory, number> = new Map([
[TestCategory.ADI2, 10],
[TestCategory.ADI3, 11],
[TestCategory.B, 2], [TestCategory.BE, 2],
[TestCategory.C, 3], [TestCategory.CE, 3], [TestCategory.C1, 3], [TestCategory.C1E, 3],
[TestCategory.D, 4], [TestCategory.DE, 4], [TestCategory.D1, 4], [TestCategory.D1E, 4],
[TestCategory.F, 5],
[TestCategory.G, 6],
[TestCategory.H, 7],
[TestCategory.K, 8],
[TestCategory.EUA1M1, 16], [TestCategory.EUA1M2, 1],
[TestCategory.EUA2M1, 16], [TestCategory.EUA2M2, 1],
[TestCategory.EUAM1, 16], [TestCategory.EUAM2, 1],
[TestCategory.EUAMM1, 17], [TestCategory.EUAMM2, 9],
[TestCategory.CCPC, 44], [TestCategory.DCPC, 44],
[TestCategory.CM, 18], [TestCategory.CEM, 18], [TestCategory.C1M, 18], [TestCategory.C1EM, 18],
[TestCategory.DM, 19], [TestCategory.DEM, 19], [TestCategory.D1M, 19], [TestCategory.D1EM, 19],
[TestCategory.SC, 12],
]);
return mapping.get(category as TestCategory);
}
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/dvsa/mes-microservice-common/blob/master/src/application/utils/dl25-test-type.ts', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'MIT', 'date': '2023.0', 'title': 'mes-microservice-common', 'creator': 'dvsa', 'language': 'TypeScript', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '130', 'token_count': '527', '__index_level_0__': '6503', 'original_id': 'fcfc1c12a68b415ef7a4a2a61e5387294a5a7b130b0343885e69f64c7d52695b'} |
Oups......I was supposed to post this in General but I don't know how to move it)
6 months ago I went flying and broke both forearms. The x-rays and ER stated only suspicion of fracture but 1 month later they showed bilateral identical spiral compression fractures below the radial heads. At 3 moths the right one was starting to heal but the left was now displaced . At 6 months there is no sign of healing .
The new ortho says that we can live without a radial head and that they don't do transplant or wires. (!!!!)...to just live with it.
What can I do to help healing? I already take bi-monthly vit D and collagen. Any ideas? Are we that deficient that we do not have what it takes to heal? What are we missing ?
Sharon 20180319_13482220180207_20083120180504_184614
Photos (3)
Original Post
Balanced diet is really the only thing (afaik) you can do to promote the healing, but I guess that is the one thing people with our condition struggle with. It's the rarer over looked minerals that are required, phosphorus, magnesium, copper etc, and I'm sure you haven't forgot calcium.
The problem with taking supplements is that most are interrelational, so for example calcium requires vitamin d for absorption, but for vitamin d to be absorbed required magnesium. Taking high dose Vit D without magnesium could deplete magnesium reserves and this (theoretically) deplete calcium absorbtion.
It's a complex chain which is why it's so hard to estimate the recommended daily allowance for anything.. magnesium will have its own co dependancies too.
The bet is a healthy diet full of root vegetables and leafy greens. You can get broad spectrum vitamins but they are hard to absorb especially for us with shorter digestive tract.
... A long time on a poor diet could have impacted the bodies ability to absorb and repair.. or it could be hereditary...
Not sure what the answer is, but there's a chance that is the problem
Thanks Bobish,
Not, hereditary as far as my parents are concerned...neither ever broke a bone past the age of 18.
I take oligo-elements (Oligosol) in large doses especially in the winter when diet is poor but mostly I eat an incredible amount of fresh herbs which is where you find most trace elements, have a huge quantity of greens in my diet (artichoke, asparagus, leeks, green leafy salads,) and fresh fruits & berries (dinner last night was 3 artichokes, 2 kiwis and a bowl of berries)...If anything I may be undereating my proteins.
I am wondering if it isn't the EDS (Ehler's Danlos syndrome) that is involved in this too...I had my osteo-densometri done in Feb and I have the skeleton of a 30yr old (the only part of me that is still 30). It is the darned healing process that is being blocked on the left arm. Not sure why...I am right handed which puts pay to the theory that I am overusing it...the right one is healing, slowly but fine.
No magic cures here? Please...I need a bit of magic!
Infection (presumably docs have ruled this out)
Diabetes (I'm guessing no)
Hyperthyroidism (hmm maybe?)
Repeated injury to the site (possible?)
Poor nutrition (doesn't sound like it)
Anemia (you already discounted this)
Phosphorus, copper, calcium, vitamin d, magnesium etc (nope)
Complex break that can't be expected to heal without worryi etc (docs would have said before)
Medications (some anti inflammatory etc can cause issues)
That's about all I can think off to be honest. So meds or hyperthyroidism are the only 2 we can't really discount at the moment. The thyroid is a very difficult thing to check though, because levels carry so much from person to person is hard to know what is your correct value.
Meds should be easy to work through...
If you really want some miracle cures to look into (do your own research)
Comfrey (aka knitbone)
L-Arginine & L-Ornithine
Personally if I could only recommend one supplement it would be oxygen elements or similar product. Not sure if it would help with bones, but it can help fight off cold s, negate hangovers all together etc. My mate Hates this sort of stuff, but he had a cold before his stag do.. fixed overnight.. he dam near died of alcohol poisoning one night but woke up fresh as a daisy... This hospital always comments on my high oxygen levels as a good thing.. bones need good circulation to heal, cos circulation improves oxygen levels.. so do these drops.. I don't often recommend stuff like this because people are usually in 2 camps. Either fierce critic of hopeless optimist, all I will say is that this is the one supplement that has actually impressed me. Combine with Vicks first defence and you are immune to colds end off... Venturing off topic now
One further idea for you is get yourself on a qxci machine. I had a couple of good experiences with them too... Might help explain what is going on. Don't wanna come across as an adult therapy wacko so will stop now. Well let you do some reading.
Failing that I'm out of ideas in afraid
Bobish’s comment about oxygen and blood circulation reminded me of when my horse threw me (like Christopher Reeve) and I was strapped to a backboard and taken to the hospital. I had two spinal fractures, but fortunately no paralysis. I was in the hospital for a week and instructed to visit my doctor three weeks later. X-Rays were taken and my doctor said he could find no evidence of the fractures. I asked if he had MY X-Rays, and he said, “Yes”. He explained that the Vena Cava vein was next to the fractures and the excellent blood supply made fast healing possible. Shortly after that exam, I took a Tylenol 3, strapped on my corset and rode my horse! Perhaps stimulating blood flow around your elbows would help healing. Just a thought. Anyway, I hope you can find something that works.
Thanks guys,
Some very good ideas Bobish...no to hyper or hypo thyroidism...also no to diabetes...I check.
I will see if I cannot get onto the Tens machine again, the electro stimulations pads to stimultate blood flow into the zone.
O2? Why not...at this point I am scared that she is going to remove the head and leave me like this.
I am not a 'bandwagon' kind of girl but you have some good suggestions (maybe I should cut down on the sugar too while I am at it).
I did some research and smoking is a killer (I smoke very little, less than a pack/month in winter and double in spring/summer) but have already reduced that now...I was able to find a some good quality sillic while away on vacation at Xmas and took it for 3 months but am out now...time to find more...as for the comfrey, I have never heard of it but will look it up.
The doc told me to keep using the arm, just limit the weight that I carry (the PT told me to start carrying heavy on both sides in Dec...) so I am back to using light weights (1.5kg) for exercise purposes and only carry groceries on the right.
This darned thing is really putting a chink in my life...I do not need it...so off to do more research...and pick up extra supplements.
Sharon, in case you missed it in my last post, QXCI machine (or SCIO or LIFE machine). Basically bio feedback systems.. some say scam but I had a good experience. Make sure you go with a well regarded practitioner.
I went because I'm into the holistic stuff and also computers and technology is my hobby.
I gained insight into my life and health that cannot be a fluke. I'm not a sales kinda guy, but it may be worth a visit, it could tell you if you have an infection, if you deficient in something, if your intolerant to something, it can even treat some conditions. A first session in UK is usually around £100, takes around an hour. Follow up sessions are optional and cheaper. Bit site about France, USA is much cheaper I believe.
If your desperate, it may shed a new light on your situation, happy to tell you more about my experience but it would be a pm and a very long story that's not particuarly relevent in afraid lol
I have my theory. The doctor says you have skeleton structure of a thirty year old .. which rules out you do fitness? possibly yoga? You eat the right foods that the body needs, (& probably most here take for granted) So far you seem to be in the right track. So what is? I think maybe what you really need is a retreat for yourself, sounds to me like under a case of stress? look, stress can do a lot of crazy anomalies in the body. You said you were looking for magic? There is no trick into magic, but just common knowledge, makes me think you're looking for something deeper? look, what I'm trying to say is, if you want to cure your broken bones .. maybe you should cure a broken heart perhaps? The only way to set goals in life is to be happy first?
thanks for reading my rant... lol
be well, Dream safe
Thanks for the insight,
The heart, thanks, is doing fine on the love side, broken, yes, often and frequently but nothing unusual about that...the more that we love, the more that we risk...I wouldn't have it any other way...
A retreat? Just got back from one...all that silence stresses me out! I am not a 'sit still an meditate' kind of girl...I am a 35-80 students in a classroom kind of girl...sort of like trying to corral cats...extremely stressful but ultimately hysterical and satisfying when done.
I know that I am doing what it takes on paper, but in real life I am using the arm maybe too much...no, I am not a construction worker, I no longer do most of my housekeeping (thank you hubby), not even emptying out the dishwasher since the accident. But, I use it. Getting out of the tub can take longer than the whole bath, I cannot put the arm behind me and push...it feels like it is going to snap in half all over again.
Miracle...yes, I need one...in the form of a great idea (thanks Bobish) that I can try...I am not sure if the use of the electro stimulation will help or hurt me...it should increase blood flow and oxygenation to the site but will it cause other problems?
I think that I am missing an essential element in my diet, what I do not know...and that that is the piece of the missing puzzle...
Still looking, hoping to find...where there is hope there is life.
doing scan 3 of the week...Will post results...
Sorry to read about all of this. My 2 cents is the tens machine, electrical stimulation, probably wouldn't do any harm. I use one and think it helps. Of course I don't have any broken bones.
Please don't decide to do anything drastic and stressful like moving again!
Just a little update... I changed orthopedist and redid all scans...no consolidation 6 months out. The ortho had given me 3 options for 1 yr from now.
1. It heals...no problem.
2. It doesn't heal but there is no pain . No problem.
3. It doesn't heal but there is pain..
Remove the radial heads.
That's it. Take pain meds or Nsaids if and when needed, use the arms unless it hurts and avoid any movement resembling push-ups, pushing or pulling motions. No physio. No immobilization .
So now I wait.
And have a great excuse not to vacuum, iron or wash floors !
Thanks TE,
Me too...
I am hooked up to the TENS machine as we speak. She said that it would help (as if anything according to her would help)...I am off of the Nsaids, for now, because apparently they can prevent healing, cut down on the smoking (I only smoke 1-2 cigarettes/day), upped the vit D, cal, mag and praying for healing...
Hot & cold too...heat packs and ice packs...
So unless I am in pain, I sit this dance out for a year.
If you're going to smoke I would try vaping? not nicotine, perhaps CBD? Is that legal In the wine country? If your healing, I would recommend yoga, meditation and trace? I quit my job and starting practicing more of these eastern medicines and for the most part - l like it! and its totally free
Al, I have cut down on the smoking to about 8 cigarettes/week...so that is good...doing my breathing, Pilates and yoga about 5 days/week and I have gently started walking again (mindful walking... I feel like a 1yr old taking my first tentative steps...slowly and very carefully) this accident has aged me dramatically. I finally admitted to my PT that I am scared to go outside...scared to slip and fall...2 years of hell and 2 accidents have gotten the best of me... I am no longer bulletproof. But I am healing. The PT is working on the Achilles tendon and shoulder from the previous accident so there is reason to be optimistic. Onward and upward...I will persevere. Thanks Sharon
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Likes (0) | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '2', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.953369677066803}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '168286', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6PTKYQ4QTJ5DJM5DPGSXDQMLY7DPJTKH', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:9a3d1332-7329-4e6b-b5d2-a6c66629402f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 5, 44, 51), 'WARC-IP-Address': '199.255.144.118', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:CWIRAR5I5MK6BFFLDQLOWTPAK72F75AE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:19ea70b9-e26c-48e4-91fe-9374a18a662e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.j-pouch.org/topic/how-to-heal-broken-bones', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1e81c892-ccd1-4388-b21f-a47baa344ef7>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '2213', 'url': 'https://www.j-pouch.org/topic/how-to-heal-broken-bones', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-149-156-229.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.018390119075775146', 'original_id': 'a0e7d38eb29f66eb49495e03fe79f09080f06a59d0788f1183467960a55b00c1'} |
Egypt sentences former Morsi advisor to life
An Egyptian court on Thursday sentenced a former advisor to toppled Islamist president Mohammed Morsi along with 13 other people to life in prison for belonging to an illegal group.
Abdullah Shehata was an economic advisor to the Muslim Brotherhood-affiliated president, who was democratically elected in 2012 following the overthrow of long-time dictator Hosni Mubarak. The next year, Morsi was toppled by the army amid mass protests against his rule.
Shehata and the 13 others sentenced to life terms were accused of weapons possession, belonging to an illegal group and "violating citizens' freedoms".
The prosecution accused them of creating "special cells" to receive training in how to make sound bombs, the state-run Al-Ahram daily reported. They were planning to cause "a state of instability in the country" by targeting essential infrastructure, including electrical transformers, it said.
Six other people were sentenced to 15 years in prison and another to 10 years over the same case, according to state television.
Morsi's military ousting, led by current President Abdul Fattah al-Sisi, was followed by a violent crackdown against the Muslim Brotherhood which was outlawed.
Morsi, 66, has been sentenced to a total of 45 years in prison over two cases: inciting violence against protesters in late 2012 and spying for Qatar. (AFP)
More on this topic | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '78', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9662086367607116}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '49086', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PVPYUEWUUR6M4JAXGLCJA24R344XNZG5', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8b5c43be-74f0-4ee2-b081-131e940e9fba>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 7, 17, 9, 8, 57), 'WARC-IP-Address': '212.91.232.116', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:KN4VXWFAYPKGW6CSZLCXLOCJFDJWVSIR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:afd1127e-e476-40b9-9fb5-abe23d41ad33>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://en.qantara.de/content/egypt-sentences-former-morsi-advisor-to-life', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3ef4fa97-8aab-403e-9919-48a85d047bcf>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '297', 'url': 'https://en.qantara.de/content/egypt-sentences-former-morsi-advisor-to-life', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-203-174-190.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-30\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2018\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.018862545490264893', 'original_id': 'eda7ef2c3d0697764c45365de53a43baaf64d3ca8f6b9c192d6b723bc4c9ad00'} |
EXCL Policy chief warned Theresa May Tories seen as party of 'nostalgia, hard Brexit and privilege'
Theresa May's policy chief warned her the Conservatives risked being seen as "soulless, technocratic managerial defenders of a divisive austerity Brexit", it has been revealed.
George Freeman has also warned that the Tories risk looking like “a narrow party of nostalgia, hard Brexit, public sector austerity and lazy privilege”.
The senior Tory MP first voiced his concerns in a hard-hitting letter to the Prime Minister in September.
Details of the letter were revealed as it emerged Mr Freeman is making a radical bid to overhaul the way the party comes up with fresh ideas.
Frustrated Tory MPs are demanding a new approach in an attempt to see off the threat from Jeremy Corbyn.
Part of Mr Freeman's strongly-worded letter to Mrs May is published in the latest issue of The House magazine.
"We are now in a new battle of ideas which is reshaping 21st century politics,” he told PoliticsHome.
“We need to move fast to show that the Conservative party has learnt the lessons of the last election and is serious about intellectual, organisational and cultural renewal.
"If we allow ourselves to be defined as a narrow party of nostalgia, hard Brexit, public sector austerity and lazy privilege we risk alienating ourselves from an entire new generation of voters."
Mr Freeman, the MP for Mid-Norfolk, is working with Mrs May’s chief of staff Gavin Barwell to open up the Downing Street policy board to backbenchers and even grassroots party members.
He was appointed to chair the board last year, when it was dominated by senior Number 10 operatives such as Mrs May’s controversial former joint-chiefs of staff Nick Timothy and Fiona Hill.
The board was wound down after the 2017 general election, but Mr Freeman has remained in place as chairman of the Conservative Policy Forum.
One suggestion for the new-look board is that Tory backbench policy committee chairs could sit in, giving them a direct line to Number 10.
Mr Freeman is also understood to be looking into changing the name of the board so that it is not seen to be controlled by the Prime Minister.
'ENERGY AND IDEAS'
One highly-rated Tory MP elected in 2015 said action was urgently needed to open up the policy-making process to bright backbenchers.
The MP said: “There’s lots of energy and lots of ideas outside of government, especially coming from my intake. The question is, how do you get it fed into the government machine? Because the government needs to harness that energy."
At this year’s party conference, a host of Tory MPs expressed similar concerns, with justice minister Philip Lee calling for his colleagues to “to step forward with something new, something fresh and something coherent”.
This week, Tory 1922 chairman Graham Brady declared that the challenge for his colleagues was “to come up with solutions that are as appealing, and encapsulate our principles as perfectly, as the sale of council houses back in the 1980s”.
While many Tory MPs will welcome the attempt by Freeman and others to breathe new life into the party, others are sceptical about whether Ms May will act upon them.
One Tory insider with knowledge of Mr Freeman’s movements said: “George is making a lot of noise but ultimately we need a leader who is driving things forward and is genuinely interested in new ideas.” | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e66c6f907f72f2bbc31c6f74f15e3b454f04df097a5e001807e328fa62b57f58'} |
Earnings Summary
New U life, LLC 2018 Distributor Compensation Summary
New U Life, LLC is a direct selling company who’s goal is to provide new products that unify body and mind and connect you to a transformation that enriches life through opportunity. Our vision is to achieve whole body health through a balance of nature and science in products that INSPIRE, INNOVATE and CONNECT.
In order to generate meaningful compensation as a Distributor, it requires hard work, dedication, effort and skills. There are no guarantees of success. Additionally, the earnings listed below do not include any expenses incurred by a Distributor in operating or growing the business.
Earnings Summary Table
Only 4.1% of Distributors earned more than $600.00, with many of the 95.9% earning $0. A Distributor’s rank may change during the year. These earnings and percentages are based on individual distributors highest achieved rank individual distributors earned through the entire year and may contain income earned at a lower rank. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9515475034713744}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '97977', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:UUJ2EAA27YFU22J66FVZBOIBICJ7DADG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:bdc0752c-260c-4922-8e67-c1b686a7bb17>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 3, 30, 6, 54, 55), 'WARC-IP-Address': '13.87.218.131', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:CCF7M75EQ6NQWBDMUSJ23ZQT5SKN67P3', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ea735429-c14d-4920-b671-f1953eccbea6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://heathergilmore.newulife.com/earnings-summary/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:544b8dee-d216-4ab5-92fe-3084e95d8862>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '159', 'url': 'https://heathergilmore.newulife.com/earnings-summary/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-16\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March/April 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-170.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.050520896911621094', 'original_id': '54817b7a9e7caf2d3bdb7cc9b60230acc2ca486a403ff5558dc5e1b4e4d57274'} |
Identification of a gene induced in conjugation-promoted cells of toxic marine dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense and Alexandrium catenella using differential display analysis.
Marine dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense and Alexandrium catenella produce toxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). A detailed mechanism of encystment is necessary for a better understanding of bloom dynamics and the toxic effect of these organisms. In this study, a cDNA that was up-regulated in conjugation-promoted cells at encystment was identified using differential display. It encoded a polypeptide of 195 amino acids with a molecular weight of 20,900 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of this cDNA showed 62% similarity with the polypeptide encoded by SPS19, a gene that is activated specifically during spore maturation and spore wall formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Therefore, the cDNA obtained was termed an SPS19 homolog in this study. The expression levels of the SPS19 homolog were highest immediately after the promotion of conjugation and decreased sequentially later, a pattern similar to that of SPS19 in the sporulation of S. cerevisiae in terms of the time of induction and the duration of expression. These similarities between the SPS19 homolog and SPS19 suggested that the putative function of the SPS19 homolog might be an involvement in encystment. RT-PCR showed that the expression of the SPS19 homolog was highest in conjugation-promoted cells but low in vegetative cells. The SPS19 homolog was believed to be expressed constantly in order for cells to respond rapidly to environmental changes and ensure encystment. Characterization of the identified gene might help in understanding the mechanism of encystment. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b04b534c158652b03a1d74d15c0daa10cfa171bfb374bd0fb56f912196844c2e'} |
This is among a list of breed-specific changes that have been made by the UK Kennel Club. Breeders have six months to comply.
I am looking forward to the time they change it to a requirement rather than a recommendation, but at least it is a start.
I get a lot of puppy enquiries through the ABS and this will help underline the message I try to give to these buyers.........A responsible breeder, with nothing to hide, should be able to show BVA/KC MRI certificates for both parents. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9607645869255066}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '96668', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:L3QWP2RLRXPGJLGV7RXNOHFNROASXV2H', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:241303f8-31b0-488d-a471-f6570ddbee0b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 2, 2, 58, 19), 'WARC-IP-Address': '81.17.254.91', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5LUZTT2ANAXMUL3MFPJHS4H3E5SBJNQN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cb2d954a-2e92-423a-87b4-9c96f98ec40c>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.cavaliertalk.com/forums/showthread.php?42015-BVA-KC-CMSM-Test-becomes-a-recommendation-for-Assured-Breeders-Scheme&p=422411&mode=threaded', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f5043d12-5949-4381-bd9d-350721d13697>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '88', 'url': 'http://www.cavaliertalk.com/forums/showthread.php?42015-BVA-KC-CMSM-Test-becomes-a-recommendation-for-Assured-Breeders-Scheme&p=422411&mode=threaded', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04344487190246582', 'original_id': 'cbe53559bffa301cdb216eac383f8970b3af57ff911471b25bfde17dda93ac25'} |
We all expect to have our private matters kept away from the prying eyes of strangers. Recent years have seen a flurry of wild reports on the grapevine, from federal agencies spying on telephonic conversations to personal data being stolen from the cloud and used for unintended means. As far fetched as they may seem to the average personal internet user, many of them are true.
The gravity of the situation truly came to light in 2017 when the US Congress and Senate approved the decision to remove privacy protection for internet users. This was no doubt backed by corporate powerhouses looking to sell and buy data. USA, the land of dreams, fell prey to prying and spying, and was criticized by many for selling out the privacy of its own citizens.
In the thick of things: Telcos
Telecommunication companies, or telcos, are right at the center of the storm. Increasingly under scrutiny due to the rapid increase in cellular users, these companies actively trade-off between the multipolar attraction of user privacy, revenues off data sharing, and network exploitation.
Verizon is one of four cellular service providers who have agreed to halt the selling of user location to data brokers. This is a direct result of increasing pressure from regulators to protect cell phone users.
However, regardless of the role that Telcos eventually adopt, users too are adopting safe measures for the protection of their data. The data security market is expected to be worth $22.85 billion by 2020. As for today, there are an array of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) and personalised solutions to the classic problems of privacy.
With this in mind, we thought it would pertinent to give a 101 of the most popular option; one that helps create a virtual bubble to protect our privacy from prying eyes.
What are VPNs?
VPNs are rapidly gaining popularity with both corporations and individuals.
The term stands for Virtual Private Network and basically allows users:
• to access private networks securely
• remotely share data through public networks.
In other words, it allows an individual / firm to protect their identity, and data, from unauthorized users online.
What VPNs do
• They secure sensitive data online and during transfer/use.
• They encrypt data – even if data gets stolen, encryption makes it of little use to the average hacker.
• Bypassing of content filters becomes possible; this can be godsend in countries such as China, where whole stratas of the internet are blocked due to stringent internet policies.
• Data can be shared for an extended period.
• You can browse the web in complete anonymity. Continuing from the Chinese example above, you would not want the government to go through your ‘How to launch an Arab Spring’ reading list.
• Implementation of a VPN system increases bandwidth and efficiency.
Given all the benefits of VPNs, it does come to mind that the setting up and running of a VPN would be a complicated process. Surprisingly, with the help of COTS solutions, it is as simple as typing in a password and username. VPNs work on the basis of protocols that are constantly being upgraded and improved. The most common are:
1. PPTP
PPTP stands for Point to Point Tunneling Protocol and has been around since the 1990s. PPTP works by encapsulating the data pocket rather than encrypting the information. This particular system owes its popularity to its adaptability towards almost every operating system. With the advent of stronger and more secure protocols, the credibility of PPTP has been called into question. It is still a strong VPN, just not the most secure option available.
1. L2TP/IPsec
L2TP and IPsec are actually two different protocols that are often used in combination. This is because pairing the two adds their most coveted properties together to form a reinforced security. L2TP is unable to encrypt data so it generates a secure tunnel, while simultaneously IPsec takes charge of encryption channel security as well as data integrity to ensure that the channel of communication remains uncompromised.
1. Open VPN
Open VPN has gained immense popularity. This is largely due to the fact that it is freely available and thus the cost factor, which might otherwise weigh heavily, is completely eradicated.
The Growth of Privacy - VPNs and Beyond
Treasuring your Privacy
Data protection can be expensive: most good data privacy services cost a good deal of money. Here are some tips to make sure you get the most bang for your buck.
• KillSwitch works to ensure that the data remains safe in case the connection drops.
There are two main types; one blocks internet traffic in case the VPN drops while the other shuts down applications.
• Use P2P servers to download torrents.
• Make sure the settings of the VPN are set to protect against any data leaks.
• Use the VPN service diligently on your mobile phones, especially when visiting countries with strict data theft records, such as China and the UAE.
VPNs have multitudes of benefits that have been mentioned above. However, like every other thing, they also have disadvantages.
• With rising awareness about the threats to personal privacy comes a larger demand for VPNs. Wherever there will be an increased demand for a particular service, it gives corporations the incentive to step in and exploit that demand through commercialization.
• Free VPNs are opted for by most – since they are free, of course. However, “free” VPNs that are used to access blocked sites and such often allow or fall prey to malicious third parties. Even more regrettable is the fact that many of these popular solutions may come with their own set of adware and spyware, thereby granting the developer access to sensitive information.
In the grand scheme of things, many individuals consider the loss of their data inconsequential: “what would anyone achieve by accessing our personal information?” Despite the growth of the privacy industry, this fatal error is not so uncommon. Businesses, on the other hand, with decades of lessons learned behind them, are unlikely to make the same mistake.
Reference Links | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '5', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9437822699546814}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '72778', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3NVDH7UO7ASQX4MGLI2YZ5S6INCXY5I4', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:9a126b4c-6646-433d-8451-4c94e7642c61>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 24, 10, 50, 28), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.225.104.71', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:V3N2CA6UEJ4JNJLI3MSYEMF5BXLWQ4IJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:8199caf5-01c7-4d96-b482-c30370f85d07>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.axel.org/blog/the-growth-of-privacy-vpns-and-beyond/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a2e13de8-8462-4d4b-8a8d-9dbf227cfa4f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '996', 'url': 'https://www.axel.org/blog/the-growth-of-privacy-vpns-and-beyond/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-168-187-224.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05669605731964111', 'original_id': '9af89c567323ae2cfaf8815c443c2c41dc04fd736f80e8ea2abe1e43609e4273'} |
import { tanok } from 'tanok';
import { SearchDispatcher } from './dispatcher';
import { SearchModel } from './model';
import { SearchComponent } from './view';
tanok(new SearchModel(), new SearchDispatcher(), SearchComponent, {
container: document.getElementById('root'),
});
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/docccdev/tanok/blob/master/examples/search_example/src/index.js', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'MIT', 'date': '2018.0', 'title': 'tanok', 'creator': 'docccdev', 'language': 'JavaScript', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '33', 'token_count': '75', '__index_level_0__': '2355', 'original_id': '3dd2ce0c595f0c70134f609b3e9a7ce3ddfcac9804eed3f5bcff92427d6dbd97'} |
Malaysian Income Tax Year 2010 (and BE2010 calculator)
I'm sure many have started the calculations. :)
You can download the latest Borang BE2010 calculator HERE
Nokia E71: Search contacts in phonebook by keying in numbers using Quickfind app
When you receive "misscall sms", or when a friend asks you to check a number, or when you want to check a redundant number/contact in your phonebook, it is always a chore - you'd have to dial the number and see if a name comes out on the screen, and the need to cancel the call just in time before it actually connects. I find it troublesome!
Well, i'm glad i found this very useful app - Qfind v1.20 (Qfind Contact Search - visit their website for more info). It is a JAR or java application so any other phone with java support will be able to use this app, i guess. It lets you search a contact in your phonebook by just keying in the phone number, that way you will be able to see if a contact number is saved twice with different names, and you can check if a certain number exists in your phonebook without the need to try dialling it! Neat, huh? Qfind is truly a quick finding application.
Well it seems the app was no longer developed since quite sometime ago, so it may not worked its best with a Nokia E71 (or qwerty keyboard for the matter - alphabet search does not work) but it still does the job nonetheless.
You can download it from HERE, as always... :)
Now for a brief guide on how to use it (read carefully as this is important):-
1. Upon starting up the app, you will be asked/prompted about allowing the software to access your phone, so just accept / press 'yes' to all the prompts.
2. Once the app is running, you will see the main screen with your phone book list shown on the screen and a top bar which is to be used to key in the numbers.
3. Note there's an "#abc" tag at the bottom bar. I suppose its used to key in 'alphabets' but i cannot seem to make it work. Anyway you'll have to press "func (bottom left key) + # (hatch key)" and you will notice the tag changed to "#123". Now i suppose it is to key in 'numbers'.
4. You'll have to press "func" key (bottom left key) TWICE - this is to shift the qwerty keyboard from 'alphabets' to 'numbers' mode.
5. OK now you can key in numbers. :) note that the contact list will change to show the contacts that contains the numbers you typed in.
6. Note that if you want to 'backspace' or delete the numbers, press 'ENTER' key and not the 'backspace' key on your E71 qwerty keyboard. Ackward, huh? Well like i said it was not really developed for qwerty keayboard, i guess.
Hope it works for you. Let me know if you find any problem. Cheers. :)
Nokia E71: Transfer Files using WIFI due to slow data transfer
If you are frustrated with the speed of your Nokia E71's data transfer, well many are sharing the same feeling, i suppose, since i had a similar remark from a friend.
To understand the issue, you may have to consider this:
1. Nokia E71 is using USB1.1 format which has maximum data transfer speed of 12Mbps
2. The newer E72 is using USB2.0 format which has maximum data transfer speed of 480Mbps
Therefore you can understand the significance of the slow data transfer encountered by Nokia E71 users. Note: 'Mbps' stands for Mega Bit per second.
Now for a 'solution', by utlizing the WIFI connection on the E71 which is using 802.11g connection, we can enhance the data transfer speed to a maximum 54Mbps. So how do we use the WIFI connection for data transfer? Well unfortunately such capability does not come built-in, therefore a certain symbian application is needed: SymNC by Telexy Networks. (The application is under 'device networking' > Network Commander) The application is not free, though can be tested before purchase.
Previously this app was known as SymSMB.
Head on to their website to give this application a trial run. Truly worth it!! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '45', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9323420524597168}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '54785', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Y5H7GF7AWBB63ZLOSUH4T6RSQ4XRHJ3T', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c52c63a6-9f08-454f-a54e-4fc00adc5219>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 23, 1, 50, 43), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.5.225', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:CG2NW2KSVIOZKEZVCLTJ5XES3CP5CRWO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:fbf4d294-5e77-42a7-94f1-8402631677bd>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://attahun.blogspot.com/2011/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1f0df041-ef6f-4644-bfbb-4a71532d795d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '751', 'url': 'http://attahun.blogspot.com/2011/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-31-62-84.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-39\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05957520008087158', 'original_id': '0d2137e3ab258f45a1784b5d4e4b36e7443280ba0a826659cc2326712f897ef9'} |
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Peter Livingstone
Peter Livingstone
Peter Livingstone is an evidence-based investor, business process improvement expert, and mining industry consultant. He is a leader in several non-profits focused on helping people improve their lives through wise decision making and healthy lifestyles.
Sinking Ship
Don’t Sink Your Money
Imagine you’ve gone to see a play. When you get to the box office to pay $10 for a ticket, you realize that you’ve...
Stop Losing Money: Invest Wisely
You’re probably losing money right now, without even knowing it! Why? Well, if you have money sitting in a bank account that’s giving you... | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9144917130470276}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '98757', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:X7LKXYUHQPXZMT23JEQPKWGVMS2YGDT4', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:bd9e9dd3-79d0-4948-87fc-683c839a4212>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 10, 21, 9, 52, 49), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.54.115.221', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:BXEROJMWFL72LOHR7WVAKN36OO7LOMC5', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d90ae827-6d62-43b7-99ce-620cf17d80f5>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://intentionalinsights.org/author/peter-livingstone/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:171a57c8-c7b1-4fd5-aaad-5c77d34e9c40>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '102', 'url': 'https://intentionalinsights.org/author/peter-livingstone/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-43\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-24.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06404650211334229', 'original_id': 'd4fdc25f29d9b1990d3bee708b20f55fffd8ee450ad78c6b12490c26954edb4d'} |
An Educator’s Lessons for the New Year
Lesson 3: Many believe in free speech only for themselves.
The Balkanization of American Education and the Election of Donald Trump
Say It To My Face: Chicago’s Epic Trump Shutdown
This reposting has nothing to do with education but everything to do with the future of this country.
All fascists are cowards.
Especially Donald Trump.
The Reality TV star turned Presidential candidate is known for making bigoted statements at his rallies against Muslims, Latinos, women, black people, the disabled – basically anyone not white, male and straight.
So when thousands of these Muslims, Latinos, women, black people, etc. showed up at his rally in Chicago last night, Trump took a bold stance… and ran away.
He cancelled the rally rather than face them.
Sure there was the potential for violence if he had continued with his speech as planned, but that has never stopped him before. How many times have we seen cellphone videos of minorities being forcibly escorted from his campaign events, sometimes after being beaten or otherwise accosted? I don’t remember Trump canceling any of those events.
But when the people he denigrates show up in force, THAT’S when he pulls the…
View original post 561 more words
Public Education, Justice, Civil Disobedience and Conscientious Refusal—is there a Common Denominator?
When I was an undergraduate at Queens College in the 1970s, I took a course in political philosophy. As part of the course, I had to write a term paper. The 1970s was a very turbulent time in America and so I decided that my paper would be about the right of protestors to engage in civil disobedience in their opposition to the Vietnam War. When I started to research civil disobedience, I started with two premises: One that the protestors and draft resistors were absolutely right in their justification to take over buildings, burn their draft cards and even attack police and two that I understood what civil disobedience really meant and when it was justified. When I was finished with my research under the guidance of a true educator, I ended up having more questions than answers.
This professor taught me that a truly educated person is one who is comfortable to walk in the shoes of those you disagree with. Only in this way can one garner a true understanding of what various concepts really mean. Doing this increases one depth of understanding and clarifies all the “isms” that people use—more as clichés than anything else. It also enables one to make connections and synthesize different ideas.
Originally, I planned to write about how we educators may need to use civil disobedience in order to try to stop those who want corporatize and privatize education through charters, vouchers, and de-professionalizing teaching. Then something happened in the last week that made me rethink everything that I planned to write about. The event was the Supreme Court ruling making gay marriage the law of the land. All of a sudden I started to hear the word civil disobedience coming from those opposed to the ruling. What I did not hear was the specific type of civil disobedience those on the right planned to engage in. Then it became clear to me why the myriad of GOP presidential candidates and fundamentalist religious preachers could not describe exactly how they planned to be civilly disobedient. It is because they do not have a clear understanding about when civil disobedience is justified or what exactly is civil disobedience. And obviously next I began to think about whether public educators have a justification to be civilly disobedient.
We in public education and those who oppose the Supreme Court ruling have something in common. We both believe that laws have come into existence, which are unjust. In addition, we both believe that we are absolutely right in our world view. Where we differ is in how we define the philosophical concept of justice. One side views justice as coming from some ephemeral being while the other side views justice as a concept that is a human construct.
Recently, I posted an article on Facebook which elicited an angry response from a friend. It was an article from a clergyman who had a different interpretation as to what the bible says about homosexuality. My Facebook friend believes that what a particular bible says is immutable because he/she knows that it was written by god and anything written by god can never be changed or interpreted in a different way. Here is someone who is unable to walk in someone else’s shoes to gain a deeper understanding of the those who see the world in a different way. Obviously, what the bible says has been reinterpreted many, many times. One just has to look at history and see about two thousand years of religious wars and conflicts over the nature of god and the truth in three different bibles. (By the way I am purposefully not capitalizing the words bible and god for reasons that will soon be obvious). The fact that there are three different bibles, canon law, talmudic law and sharia law as well as a myriad of commentaries on each is the evidence that our religious and spiritual understanding of god and our relationship to a possible supreme being has changed many times over the centuries. Even the Jewish bible or old testament to Christians and Moslems changed in its spiritual understanding of the nature of god and the universe. Biblical research reveals that different parts of the bible were written at different times by different men. For example, there are two stories of Adam and Eve in Genesis. In addition, the modern conception of heaven and hell does not exist in the first five books. Those ideas would come into Judaism and later Christianity from the Hellenistic world. Now I know what I am saying may offend some who read this. I bring this up to show that free and open inquiry through education and study made our understanding of how our Western religions developed and changed possible. I do not capitalize the word bible because there is more than one bible and I do not capitalize the word god because there is more than one conception of god. If there was only one interpretation of the bible there would not be hundreds of Christian denominations, different branches of Judaism, and the Sunni and Shiite conflict within the Moslem religion. Furthermore, there are several billion people who inhabit this earth who have a completely different spiritual understanding of the world. It is unfortunate that people who believe that their view is the absolute truth and who have used some type of power relationship to enforce their truth have a lot of blood on their hands. One needs to look no further than South Carolina to see what is wrought by any type of extremism—either religious or political.
Let us move away from religion and return to the concept justice. Historically speaking, the modern view of justice comes not from religion but from the Enlightenment. Originally, governments were thought of having received their authority to rule from a religious perspective. The Chinese thought Emperors received a mandate from heaven, a thousand years ago, European feudal monarchs believed they had to be anointed by god’s earthly representative (the Pope), and approximately five hundred years ago the absolute monarchs of Europe thought they ruled by “divine right.” Our modern concept of governmental justice derives from a social contract between people and the political institutions that they create. It is simply that governmental power derives from those who are governed. People established governments to keep order, protect us from danger, and give us a measure of “liberty” and “justice”. Ah, it is these last two concepts that have caused every political, social and economic conflict in the modern western world over the last several hundred years.
When I took political philosophy in college, I was greatly influenced by the writings of John Rawls. In 1971, he published “A Theory of Justice.” It was this book in that college course which gave me insight into what exactly is injustice and the role civil disobedience plays in trying to correct injustice in a given society. Rawls defines justice to mean that people within a given society should have equal liberty and equal opportunity. In addition, he states that liberty is a reciprocal relationship between people and groups. Basically, your liberty cannot harm someone else either socially, economically or politically. Rawls believed that injustice can only occur in a near-just society that is well ordered and has a constitutional government. He also understood that most near-just societies often are imperfect and that the concept of justice is ever changing and usually defined by those who have power in that society in order to keep or derive some economic, political or social benefit.
This definition clearly describes the history of our country. The founders knew they were creating an imperfect political system. Otherwise, our constitution would not have an elastic clause or a process to amend or change it. Also, it was created through compromise based on certain religious, social, economic and political concepts that existed at the end of the 18th century. However, most of our founding fathers had the general conception that justice meant that a government should not deprive a person of his/her life, liberty or property without some type of due process of law that all members of the state would agree with. Furthermore, Rawls also understood that a strong democratic process enable groups to exchange opinions and ideas without fear of intimidation. He felt that exchanging opinions checks the partiality of different groups and widens their perspectives. However, even after long and fruitful discussion—especially in a democratic republic—it sometimes does not yield a unanimous agreement. Therefore, we have to apply the basic principal of any democracy “majority rule” as Rawls called it, which means the majority wins. This principle is based on the presumption that it is less likely for a majority to be mistaken. On the other hand, sometimes the majority can be mistaken because of selfish economic interests, religious beliefs or certain life-experiences. It is for this reason that he believed that a “near just” society allows the minority to express their views. In our society, the way we have decided to do this is through education and the social contract imbedded in our constitution that allows for dissent through a free press, the right to petition the government for redress, and the right of legislative representatives to express their varying points of view.
So what exactly is civil disobedience and when is it justified. First, civil disobedience is political in nature. It is used when a political law is deemed to be unjust based on evidence that the law denies equal liberty and equal opportunity to a minority. It is a clear, serious and blatant violation of justice by denying a group economic, social or political participation in a democratic society. Next, normal constitutional routes must have been tried and have been subverted by those who hold power. Third, the level of disobedience must never reach a point where it threatens the rule of law within a society because those who engage in civil disobedience accept that most of the laws of the society are just. Fourth, the action must be controlled so as not to provoke those in power to unjust violence. Therefore, it must be peaceful. Fifth, the exercise should be rationally framed to advance a specific objective (change of a law). Sixth, it should be public and educational. Seventh, those who engage in civil disobedience must accept the legal consequences of their action in a peaceful manner. Therefore, when I began to apply this definition to those who were protesting the Vietnam War, I came to realize that many protesters were not really engaged in civil disobedience. Instead, they were engaging in what he termed conscientious refusal.
According to Rawls, what he calls conscientious refusal or objection is a simple refusal to obey what one considers an immoral law based on a personally held and immutable moral, social or political view. Therefore, conscientious refusal is not really appealing to a “shared” political conception of justice. It is not necessarily seeking to convince the majority or the authorities to change the law. It is often the attempt to force someone’s will through violence and power. For example, those who burned draft cards did not object to the draft law, but to end the war based on their own point of view—moral, economic or political–and chose to create disorder to force their belief system on the government. Often, the conscientious objector does not have a sense of justice because many objectors use violence to resist the law that is opposed, such as anti-abortion protesters that find abortion so wrong that they will manhandle pregnant women and kill doctors that perform abortion. And yes, it has been reported that several groups have threatened that one solution to preventing gay marriage is to inflict harm on those who acquire a legal marriage license.
Now, what has all this to do with public education? To me, the most important purpose of public education at the school and college level is to create a common civic view of what constitutes justice in our society through open and free discussion. Through education one develops a common civic culture through consensus. It is to develop the conception that there are general principles of civic justice and a constitutional mechanism to resolve our differences. It is to develop the understanding that we are a country based on law and not on threats and fear. It is for different people to get together and try to create a common civic conception of government and justice.
The real beginning of the voucher and charter movements was based on the idea of conscientious refusal. It began when America’s consensus of what represented justice fragmented. That fragmentation occurred when the Supreme Court in 1954 ruled separate but equal to be unconstitutional. There was a plurality that was unable to accept Afro-Americans having equal political, social and economic status in our society. Therefore, by creating separate charters, home schooling, or enacted vouchers to pay for religious schools, a separate and different type of curriculum could be taught. One could create a curriculum based on a biblical view of the world or one that would create limited opportunities for certain groups through the exclusion of disabled, noncompliant, or ELL students. One purpose of the many no-excuses charter school is to create compliant workers and citizens who will not question authority. By defunding public education, what remains is a shallow shell, teaching a limited curriculum in which there is no time to discuss different ideas. In addition, common civic institutions have little control as to what is taught in many charter and voucher schools. The Gates, Broads, Kochs and Waltons understand that when one controls education, one controls the story. They do not want students to be taught alternate viewpoints. They want students to accept their power and authority to control the government by saying that through their schools, they will give everyone the opportunity to join them in membership while at the same time really allowing very few into the club. The control of education is really about who will control American society.
Those who want to privatize education truly hate public school teachers because most of us are products of a liberal arts education. A liberal arts education teaches one to think, question and become a lifelong learner. Instead, the reformers wish to create a post-secondary educational system that is vocational and job related. They see no purpose to teach history, sociology, anthropology, psychology, philosophy or political science. I believe their purpose is to destroy the intellectual foundation of those who would question their right to control this nation socially, economically and politically. It is for this reason that they are trying to destroy unions—especially public employee unions by undermining their ability to collect dues. They want to make it impossible for people to organize collectively in order to create a political balance. It is interesting that they got the Supreme Court to rule that money represents speech for corporations in Citizens United while, at the same time, they want to destroy that same right for workers.
I fear the ultimate goal of those who want to privatize and corporatize this nation is to fragment our common civic culture. The privatizers want to use schools to divide us and not unite us. They want an educational system that will foster hate and mistrust among different groups. They want Afro-Americans to distrust middle class whites. They want different ethnic groups to be in conflict with each other. They want Latinos and Afro-Americans to fight each other over the few crumbs thrown to them. They surely want to foster and support schools that will try to circumvent the tolerance most Americans now feel toward LBGT people, not really because of any real religious or moral point of view, but to create enmity in order to hold onto power. After all, when one studies history, those who rule often disregard the moral codes they impose on others (the Borgias Popes, the Robber Barons of the Gilded Age, etc.). Our present billionaire oligarchy that controls so many politiicans want to destroy Rawls conception that justice means equal liberty and equal opportunity for everyone. When one turns people into human capital only having economic worth, it is dehumanizing and sets up one group against another.
On the other hand, people should be free to believe and teach their children whatever they want, but not on my dime. It is for this reason public school must remain democratically run so that a consensus can be reached as to what should be the curriculum within a given community. Yes, the politics of school boards can be messy, but that is what democracy is all about. Strong democracies force people to compromise and moderate their ideas through open discussion. In addition, strong democracies are able to deal with civil disobedience. In strong democracies, civil disobedience is a stabilizing force in a well ordered society. In this country, its use has been to offer protection to the least advantaged. Its use has been to expand justice in our society. However, charters, vouchers and other privatization schemes are really a form of conscientious refusal to accept an expanded view of justice. People should be wise to learn from our history that each time people in our nation chose to limit liberty, it led to violence, conflict and dysfunction within our political system Think about Prohibition, Jim Crow and McCarthyism.
Finally, should teachers engage in civil disobedience to save public education? The answer is obviously yes. Teachers feel that de-professionalization, punitive evaluation systems, denial of collective bargaining, and the closure of public schools based on circumstances where they have no control violates the consensus of what represents justice. These acts deny equal liberty and equal opportunity afforded to others in the society. The purpose of these laws is to deny teachers, parents and children equal liberty and equal opportunity to participate economically, socially and politically in our nation. Teachers as well as parents must engage in civil disobedience to motivate those in power to change certain laws. Its purpose will be to educate most Americans to understand that we now have injustice. Civil disobedience often works best when those in power do not have the means to prevent it from happening. Here would be some examples. Groups of retired teachers could follow around hedge fund billionaires that finance charters and give support to AstroTurf nonprofit organizations whose goal it is to weaken public education. We could do the same with Arne Duncan until he engages teachers in a constructive discussion. Retired teachers could trespass and video for YouTube the private schools where the corporate reformers send their children to contrast the type of education they want for their children as opposed to everyone else. Teachers within a collocated school could also take videos of the well-stocked charter classrooms as compared to the resources their public school classrooms have. Teachers can picket collocated charters before the start of school and after the day ends (charters usually have longer school days) to drive home the fact that a separate and unequal school system has been created. In mass, public school teachers can educate parents about the consequences (or lack thereof) of opting out of the test culture that has been created outside of the school day. The most extreme act of civil disobedience would obviously be to just refuse to give those invalid and unreliable common core assessments to prevent its use until those in power negotiate with all stakeholders—parents, teachers and students.
I think this country has to make a choice. Either we want to use education to create a common civic culture that expands justice for all Americans or we want to create an educational system that will fragment and create rifts that will eventually be unbridgeable. This happened in the past. One just has to study how schools in the United States developed during the anti-bellum period in the North and South. It lead to the development of two separate cultures that either could have gone their separate ways, but what often happens in history, a majority culture that is more powerful economically and politically forces their will on the weaker. We know the result and still live with its consequences. On the other hand, we can build a common national civic culture, using public education as a foundation, to create a shared sense of justice, but also respect for our individual differences and beliefs. There is a place for private and religious schools in our society, but their role should be to engage with the dominant political culture and not to impose their will on others.
A Retired Teacher Reflections on His Birthday
What VAM Can Never Measure?
Louisiana’s Class of 2014 ACT Scores Are In This Post
I had to re-blog this article from Mercedes Schneider about the dismal ACT results from New Orleans Recovery School District. Here is America’s only all charter school district graduating students with ACT scores that do not even come close to college level. If anything is proof of the failure of this charter experiment, it is right before your eyes.
Today I made a new friend. This new friend works in admissions at one of Louisiana’s institutes of higher education. My new friend informed me that the Louisiana Department of Education (LDOE) is not the only entity to which ACT sends score reports. It turns out that ACT sells the same score information to college and university admissions offices.
It also turns out that my new friend has connections within a Louisiana post-secondary admissions office.
The short of it is that I now have the Class of 2014 ACT composite scores for all Louisiana districts as well as the composite scores for all Recovery School District (RSD) and Orleans Parish School Board (OPSB) high schools.
And now, you have them, as well, because I created the following Excel file to share with the public:
Louisiana Class of 2014 ACT Scores
In the above file, I created three sheets. The first…
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Kirstie Strangward
Don't know what to put here..
I'm 20 years old and engaged to the most amazing guy <3
I'm a very friendly person, I'm there for anyone :) so if you're ever in need of someone to talk to or if you want a little advice, then I'm your girl! :D aha :) | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9460148811340332}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '87188', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:GJV62MHYTSZN7NAJXY23LOWUY6D47ASA', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e3c67be3-6c28-42c0-9b0f-cc2e9023ec76>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 3, 25, 5, 15, 13), 'WARC-IP-Address': '34.205.201.239', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5QZ4RXV3OO2QISAK2GZYKJUHKVWT2XNK', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:eebc52fd-7b02-484e-8748-f10348756556>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://about.me/babykirstie_x', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:31c0dbad-a73e-4453-8c24-65eb07bb713d>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '52', 'url': 'https://about.me/babykirstie_x', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-13\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2017\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.08546793460845947', 'original_id': 'fa5b478aeb83408c3ff970640cfa1ed03072561e3b00a08723c864d96abefffe'} |
How To Have a Good Hair Day Everyday
Wouldn’t it be nice to have a good hair day everyday? If you’re anything like me- a bad hair day sends you into a total tailspin ruining your whole entire day (okay, so this may be a little dramatic.) With these 8 simple steps, you’ll never want to rip your hair out ever again.
good hair day
1. Eat plenty of protein and other hair healthy foods in order to promote strength and prevent breakage/split ends.
2. Always use a heat protecting product or avoid using heat on your hair as often as possible.
3. After shampooing and conditioning, be sure to rinse your hair with cold water to close the shaft and to make your hair smooth and shiny.
4. Use a hair mask weekly.
5. Don’t use a regular towel to dry your hair, purchase a microfibre towel instead to prevent breakage and frizz.
6. Shampoo your hair less often and opt for products that are sulfate and paraben free.
7. Pamper yourself by massaging your scalp often to increase blood flow and stimulate hair growth, this will also help to distribute your natural hair oils.
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Quick Wit. Lang says of America that they are "Almost too good company," and that their enlivening effect upon the "dejected Britons" with whom they are thrown is often very startling. Even amongst our most animated countrymen, however, converse is not made such a distinct art as it was with the English wits a century ago. Few people nowadays make themselves masters of repartee, and when a man does practice turns and quips of speech, we are likely to listen to his utterances. One such professional talker was reproaching a young lady at a party because, as he declared, she had promised to go out to supper with him rather than with the gentleman who was actually at her side. "Very well," said he tragically. "I say no more now, but after supper, Mr. A and I shall meet for mortal combat." "Now you're silly," said the pouting beauty. "No, I'm not silly; I'm Scylla" was the quick reply. "And Mr. A is Charybdis. Take your choice." On the same night, just as he was leaving the house and preparing to step into his cab, another friend also engaged. "Hallo, J., " said the latter, "I didn't know you were round." "Yes, " was the answer, "I'm round, and now I'm going to roll home." Writing a Famous Poem. The poem of "Curfew Must Not Ring Tonight" was suggested to me by the reading of a story called "Love and Loyalty," in April, 1867. I was then a plain country schoolgirl, not yet 17, residing with my parents at Litchfield, Mich., and under the pretext of working out mathematical problems, with my arithmetic before me, I wrote the poetry roughly on my slate. I was forced to carry on my literary work under these difficulties because of the opinion of my parents that my time could be better employed than in idle dreams and useless rhymes. I wrote the first copy on my slate, between 4 and 6 o'clock in the afternoon; but much time has since been spent in congesting and revising it. I had no thought that I would ever be able to write anything worthy of public notice. The poem was first published in The Detroit Commercial Advertiser in the fall of 1870. The editor upon receipt of my manuscript at once wrote me a lengthy letter of congratulation and praise. Rose Hartwick Thorpe. An Unostentatious Man. One of the most unostentatious men of whom there is any record, written or unwritten, died lately. He was on his deathbed, surrounded by sorrowing friends and relatives, in a voice weakened by disease, yet fraught with deep earnestness, said: "I know you are all quite fond of me and sorry to see me, which is very satisfactory at this time. When I am stowed away for good and all." You will probably place a tombstone or monument to mark the spot where I am buried. Don't let it be gaudy or expensive; just something plain, Above all don't allow anything fulsome chiseled on the stone. In short, let there be no flighty literature. Just put on it my name and the letters S. Y. L.'See you later." Having received satisfactory promises that his wishes should be obeyed to the letter even the three letters this unostentatious man turned his face to the wall and modestly died. The Unprogressive Barber. One of the perplexing problems of life, to the man who cannot handle razor upon his own face, is the unprogressive. reasonable and aggravating habit which the average barber has of rubbing soap into his victim's chin until the skin is in a state of irritation and the bone aches with the pressure of muscular fingers. The barber says that the process renders the hair soft, but at this point, he takes the issue with him, and says that the skin alone is affected. The victim groans, changes barbers in vain, and finally settles down to the conviction that he must endure this barbarous massage or let his beard grow. The process seems to be a mere tradition, a sort of trade fetish and no amount of persuasion will induce the operator to exchange his harsh fingers for the more gentle brush, unless the victims form an association for the protection of the chin or the amelioration of its sufferings. Afraid to Pray, The New Minister "Do you mean to say, madam, that you feel to pray?" Old Lady "Yes, I know the prayers will be answered, of course, but they're not answered with discrimination. For years and years my husband had to get up before daylight in order to reach his work or time; and the long, slow rides in streetcars were injuring his health. Well, I prayed that he might be relieved of this great trouble and danger and, in six months, a great, big, ugly railroad was run up our street and I haven't seen a ray of sunshine." At the Truth Tellers' When I was in Maryland some years ago I stooped at an old fashioned inn up near Cumberland. You will perhaps recollect that in the summer of 1882 we had some horrible thunderstorms. Have I ever told any of you this story before? No? Well, I put up at this inn one very sultry day in August, just as the sun was setting. Shortly after we had retired a storm came up. The rain fell in torrents down the hillside, rushing like mountain lakes let loose, and then came the lightning and the thunder. At the first clap I sprang from my bed toward the window. The next flash revealed to me a grand old chestnut tree, rocked by the winds, dripping with rain, and groaning and shrieking in terror of the storm. Then a crash. When I came to they told me that the old chestnut had been struck, and that I had been stunned. I went down to see the old chestnut. Many of its charred limbs had been broken off and thrown to the ground. I made a startling discovery. It seems that in the old chestnut trees build their nests. The nests were all to be found scattered about in the grass. There were eggs in many of them. One of the nests was half filled with rain water, and in it were an English sparrow's three eggs. I picked up one of them and broke it. It had been boiled hard. Near by I found another egg. It had been blown out of a nest, and in falling through the rain water had broken and the lightning had poached it. Not six inches away lay a mother bird, roasted a turn, and in her mouth a bit of bread, toasted by the heat of the lightning. The next morning when I took my cold bath I found on my chest a perfect picture of the old chestnut tree, of the boiling eggs, of the poached egg and of the roast bird with the bit of bread, from which I could even make out the smoke and smell the bread tasting and eggs cooking. New York Sun. How Trees Have Sense! Oliver Wendell Holmes is always giving a peculiar turn to things, and his latest twist is on a tree, which he calls "a great underground creature with its tail in the air." Here is what he says about it in "The Atlantic Monthly": "Yes, a tree is an underground creature, with its tail in the air. All its intelligence is in its roots. All its senses it has are in its roots." Think what sagacity it shows in its search after food and drink! Somehow or other, the rootlets, which are its tentacles, find out that there is a lark at a moderate distance from the trunk of the tree, and they make for it with all their might. They find every crack in the rocks where there are a few grains of the nourishing substance they care for, and insinuate themselves into its deepest recesses. When spring and summer come, they let their tails grow, and delight in whisking them about in the wind, or letting them be whisked about by it; for these tails are poor passive things, with very little will of their own, and bend in whatever direction the wind chooses to make them. The leaves make a deal of noise whispering. I have sometimes thought I could understand them, as they talked with each other, and that they seemed to think they made the wind as they wagged forward and back. Remember what I say. The next time you see a tree waving in the wind, recollect that it is the tail of a great underground, many armed, polypus-like creature, which is as proud of its caudal appendage, especially in summer time, as a pea cock of hisgorgeous expanse of plumage. Age. Do you think there is anything so very odd about this idea? Once get it well into our heads, and you will find it render the landscape wonderfully interesting. There are as many kinds of tree tails as there are of tails to dogs and other quadruped. Study them as Daddy Gilpin studied them in his 'Forest Scenery,' but don't forget that they are only the appendage of the underground vegetable polypus, the true organism to which they belong. Just Married. Tricks on young married couples are sometimes quite annoying, and often both droll and harmless. A recently wedded pair in Springfield were the victims of a practical joker. He had procured a large number of printed labels about six inches long and two inches wide, with the words 'Just Married.' and pasted them securely on the trunks, handbags, etc., of the happy pair. The joke was not discovered till the party were ready to start on their wedding tour, and it was too late to remove the labels. The bridegroom carried his handbag labeled "Just Married" without any attempt at concealment. Combinations in Dominoes. Dr. Bein, a Frankfort (Germany) mathematician calculates that two persons playing dominoes ten hours a day and making four moves a minute could continue 118,000,000 without exhausting all the combinations of the game, the total number of which is 248,528,211,840. Figures never lie, but sometimes they sometimes tax our credulity to its utmost capacity. A RATTLER IN BED. Jim C. C. thought it was an iceberg against his back. Talking about rattlesnakes, said Jim Conley, as he perused the interesting snake department of the Globe-Democrat, while sitting in a crowd of men occupying the outside chairs at McPherson's corner across the way, a few days ago, "I was an eye-witness and an unwilling participant in one of the bloodiest encounters with a rattlesnake recorded in the history of Utah territory." "Well, what are you waiting for? Why don't you go on?" asked the correspondent of the Globe-Democrat at Hillboro, N.M. "Match, please." "Certainly." After Conley had lit his cigar, he continued: "While traveling in that country between Ogden and Salt Lake City with another man a good many years ago, we got 'busted' and had to go to work at anything we could get to do. We got a contract from a Mormon settler on the road to cut and haul from the mountains 300 cords of wood. He furnished everything and gave us so much for the job. The camp at which he set us down was six miles away, in the foothills of the range, near where there were a lot of campers cutting and hauling railroad ties to the valley for the Union Pacific railroad. We camped in the yard of a man and his wife, got water out of the same spring, and finally became very well acquainted with them, and indeed they proved to be mighty fine people. Well, next morning after our arrival at the camp, Bill and I went to work chopping down trees and cutting them into four-foot lengths ready to haul. Things went on admirably, and we were doing nicely, when we took a notion one morning to go down to the ranch and spend the day with our employer and his family. During the day we had partaken liberally of the hospitalities at the ranchman's house, and became somewhat drowsy, but not overly so, and returned home in good shape. We both felt tired from our walk, and retired to bed about 8 o'clock. I had been asleep, I don't know how long, when I awoke feeling a coldness at my back that was not in keeping with the weather, for it was summer, and though the days were extremely hot the nights were cool, but not to the extent of the cold sensation at my back. I began to pull at the wagon sheets with which we were covered, and woke my partner up. Turning over, Bill in an angry tone, asked: "What's the matter? Got snakes?" "No," I replied, "but I am as cold as Iceland itself, and want some more cover or I will vacate this bed and build a fire." "Go to sleep and you'll be all right," said Bill, and he turned over for a comfortable snooze. "But I could not go to sleep for that feeling of coldness over behind me, and at last I determined to investigate the cause of it. Reaching behind me with my right hand without turning over, I began to feel around, for it felt exactly like an iceberg lying up against me, and my hand soon found its way under and through the folds of the bedding and brought up against something which did not feel natural by any means, and, for the first time, the idea of a snake being in bed with me entered my mind. I cautiously withdrew my hand and arm, moved toward Bill, and let the cover drop down between me and the object I had felt, and crawled out over my bed-fellow's body and from under the cover from the opposite side and left Bill snoozing away. I then called to him to get up and help me to see what it was, in the meantime finding a candle and lighting it. With much grumbling, Bill arose from under the cover and began helping me search for the mystery. Turning the cover down, there lay, in a comfortable coil, one of the biggest rattlesnakes ever seen in Mormondom. "Another match, please." "Yes." "Well, sir, the serpent didn't move, but lay as quietly as the coil of a steamboat cable. Our confusion and noise had awakened the man and his wife in the next tent, and they both leaped out of bed and came rushing in to see what was the matter, for there were Indians about, and the woman was ready for a scare at any time. "There lay the rattler, apparently as sound asleep as was Bill a few minutes before. Rushing to the woodyard I soon returned with an ax, and told the crowd to stand back and give me room. Everything being clear, I raised the ax above my head and came down on the coil of the snake with a powerful blow. "Well, men, that reptile fell into a dozen pieces, coiled tightly as he was for when I came down with the sharp blade of the ax upon it had gone through him a number of times. It would surprise you to know how much blood a rattlesnake contains. Why, the blood squirted from the ends of all the pieces like a floor sprinkler, thoroughly saturating everything that we could not take out of the way. After the excitement had somewhat subsided we shoveled the pieces out in the yard, and next morning, placing them as closely together as possible, that snake measured 9 feet and 3 inches in length 31-2 inches across the top of his head. From the end of his tail we pulled a string of thirty-two rattles and a button representing 32 years and some months in age. "What ever became of the rattles?" asked a listener. "I was just beginning to tell you, Bill," and I worked on and completed our job without further mishap, and made a good thing out of our contract, when we went on to Salt Lake City, where we sold the rattles to a museum, which afterward, we learned, disposed of them to an Italian peddler, who took them to Italy. A Practical Joke. Three brother officers were traveling from Umritsir to Lahore, where they had been playing polo during the afternoon. One of them, tired after the game, fell asleep on one of the seats. His railway ticket, which was sticking a little out of his pocket, was promptly annexed by one of the others and transferred to his own pocket. When nearing Lahore, his brother officers awoke the sleeping youth, saying: "Now, then, old man! Get up! Here we are!" It was still broad daylight and for some reason or other the train was pulled up some little way outside the station. "All tickets ready, please!" shouted the ticket collector. Two of our friends promptly found theirs, ready for the ticket collector when he should make his appearance. The third searched his pockets but could find no ticket. "Good gracious! where is my ticket!" he said; "I know I had one right enough when I started; you fellows saw me get it, didn't you?" he asked. "Yes, you had it right enough," they said; "where on earth can you have put it?" "I don't know," he replied in desperation. "You'll pay the fair," said the others, consolingly; "it's not much." "But I haven't a cent with me," he returned; "will you fellows lend me some dibs?" Both said they were as high and dry as he was in regard to money. "Tickets, please!" said the collector at last quite close to the carriage. "What the Dickens shall I do?" said the ticketless one. "Oh! get under the seat," said the others; "quick! quick! man! here he comes." Under the seat like a shot went the man without a ticket! When the ticket collector came to the door three tickets were handed up. "You have given me three tickets, sir, he said; "but I see only two gentlemen; where is the third?" "Oh! he's under the seat," they said with the greatest nonchalance, as if it were an ordinary everyday affair. "Under the seat!" echoed the ticket collector, in at one of surprise, "what is he doing under there?" "Oh! he always travels under the seat," they said, "he prefers it!" London Tid-Bits. An Old Time Congressman. Kansas City Star. Forty years ago or more Illinois representative in Congress was an uncouth, illiterate man named Reynolds. He was possessed of a deal of common sense, much natural shrewdness, and an inexhaustible fund of comic humor. Out in Illinois he filled the gubernatorial chair, and other positions of eminence in the gift of the State, and was apparently very popular with his constituents. Illinois was then a frontier state, with a very small population, and without refinement or culture of any kind. Reynolds was fond of hearing himself talk, and didn't mind a bit whether or not he was guyed, and didn't care whether the house was laughing with him or at him. His conversation like his appearance and manners, was tinged with all the oddities and quaintness of a backwoodsman. Soon after he came to Congress he paid a visit to Baltimore, and was amazed at the size of the city, and the crowd of people drove him wild. Passing down Pratt Street to the river he saw the Patapsco River at high water, and six hours later saw it when it was at low water. This rather puzzled him; so, several hours later, he paid another visit to the river, and found the tide coming in again. This was too much for Reynolds, who exclaimed: "Goosh, if this don't beat all my calculations two freshets in one day and nary a sign of rain!" She Wanted a Prescription. One of our Belfast girls has gotten the idea into her head that she would like to be married. She broached the matter to her father and he promptly thrashed her. The next thing she did was to start out to find a lawyer and get his assistance in the matter. But by mistake she got into a doctor's "office," and thinking him an analyst of the law unburdened her troubles to him. The doctor, thinking her a patient, for some time listened to her tale of woe. Finally, the truth dawned upon him that it was a lawyer she wanted, and he told her of her mistake. Then she lighted on him with her tongue, and said he had deceived her and drawn her whole story maliciously, and that she would not only have a lawyer to assist her to get married, but to send the doctor to prison, and with all the scorn of her sex she swept out of the office. But it is safe to say she will be married by and by. Best (Me.) Age. A Russian Romance. The Russians are a simple, harmless people. When not engaged in blowing each other into the air with home-made dynamite, they confine themselves to home-made jam and rural recreation. At Odessa, for example, the son of a small landowner attempted to marry the daughter of a neighbor. All went well; the wedding guests were assembled, and the wedding feast was spread. Suddenly it occurred to someone that, in view of the prevailing irritability of domestic politics, considerable uncertainty naturally attended the gathering together of any number of persons. If the police chose to consider that they were not wedding guests, and that they were nihilists, there would be an end of the entertainment. To make security secure, therefore, it was proposed to eat the wedding breakfast at once, and to go on to the wedding afterwards. The thing was done, the toasts were drunk, and the party proceeded to church. Everybody was very jolly and a little hazy. Presently, the bridegroom was found to be absent. After a time not only the bride but the entire party were impatient; and at this critical juncture, a total stranger presented himself, and expressed in courteous terms the pleasure it would give him to facilitate matters by marrying the bride. Nothing could have been in better taste, or more agreeable. Promptly the ceremony was proceeded with, and it was not until the bridal party emerged into the open air that the bridegroom was encountered. He was full of protestations and apologies, but as the bride merely remarked that the "other one" was "handsome and well-dressed," it was altogether unnecessary to make such a fuss. Everybody then returned to the feast, strong in the consciousness that abidesgroom who could not take the trouble to bring in time for his own wedding was not less as a husband. Portugal's Female Bullfighter. A German girl, Fraulein Johann Maestrick, is just now the heroine of the hour at Lisbon. She was born near Berlin, but when a child went with her parents to Portugal. When she was 17, an impresario, struck with her size and beauty, offered to train her as a female bullfighter. The agent sent his pupil, who is not yet 20, to compete at the show of female beauty which took place at Lisbon, where she carried off the first prize. The advertisement proved an excellent one, forever since the impresario has been born-barred with letters from persons of all classes wishing to know when the beautiful "torero." "Is to make her debut." She has not yet appeared in an arena, but recently she came out in a trial fight at Oporto. A huge crowd collected to see the unusual fight. The young woman quickly laid two bulls in the sand and rode off followed by a band of music, amid thunders of applause. Crowds of people collected before the windows of the hotel at which the "torera" was staying, and far into the night she was obliged to appear on the balcony in response to their calls for her. Concerning the Old Lady. "Judging from the flavor of this milk, I should say it was of the vintage of 576, " remarked a Harlem girl who enjoys the distinction of being what is known as a sweet girl, graduate. "You may know a good deal, Sarah, but you have neglected to learn that milk doesn't belong to vintage. Vintage refers to something that is taken from the vine. " "Why, mother," returned the girl, "didn't you know that milk was taken from a vine?" "I didn't know anything of the kind," said the mother. "But it's true," insisted Sarah. "Oh, nonsense!" interjected mater-tamilias, "what vine?" "Bovine," replied the girl, and the old lady was so flustered that she put pepper on her. Charlotte Russe. Rubber Between the Soles. The use of a single layer of pure rubber gum between the layers of leather that form the sole of the walking shoe is an innovation of shoemakers. Rubber used in this way does not heat the foot nor cause it to perspire as a rubber overshoe does. It protects the foot from dampness almost as completely as a slip rubber. The latter recalls the story of the maid who was sent to her lady's room for a pair of rubbers and who returned with a blank face and the remark, "Faith, I saw three or four pair hanging, but the heels were out of such one of them and I was sure you wouldn't wear such as these." She had never seen a scandal before. New York Tribune. A Lifetime of Benevolence. Elizabeth Comstock, the quaker preacher, now aged and infirm, living at Union Springs, N.Y., has in her lifetime visited 122,000 prisoners, 195,000 sick and wounded soldiers, 85,000 inmates of poorhouses and almshouses, on both sides of the water. For thirty years she toiled in field, and during the last years of her active life was one of the most beloved members of the W.O.T.U. Orleans Picayune. A Description of the Monument to Be Erected in New York City. In the month of February, 1889, a movement was set on foot by Professor Itulo-Americano to west on the fourth centenary of the discovery of America a monument, to Christopher Columbus, giving it to the city of New York. A subscription was issued and a fund of $5,000 has been accumulated, together with objects of every kind and description, to be disposed of at a fair which will shortly be held, and by which the committee hopes greatly to augment the fund. The monument will be constructed in Italy by the famous sculptor Gaetano Kusso, whose design was selected and approved by a committee nominated by the Italian government. This committee was composed of some of the most eminent sculptors, painters, and architects of the country. It included Cesare Maccari, who painted the walls and ceilings of the senate house; Cesare Marini, director of the San Luca Academy in Rome; Filippo Prosperi, the prince of European engravers; Giulio Monteverde, sculptor of the statue, "Genius of Franklin"; Giuseppe Sacconi, sculptor of the Victor Emanuel monument; Guglielmo Calderini, architect; Emilio Gallon, sculptor, and Ettore Ferrari, sculptor of the Giordano Bruno monument at Rome. The monument will be 73 feet in height. The statue of Columbus in the costume of an admiral will be executed in Carrara marble. The column will be made of granite in the form of the ancient Roman beaked columns, and from it will project representations of the poops and prows of the three vessels which accompanied Columbus on his voyage of discovery. The anterior portion of the pedestal will contain a group representing the "Genius of Columbus," his hand resting on a globe of the world, which he is earnestly studying, and on which he is endeavoring to divine the position of the new continent. On the posterior portion will be a representation in bronze of an immense eagle, the coat of arms of America and of Genoa, the birthplace of Columbus. The sides of the pedestal will be decorated with busts representing facts in the life of the great navigator. The design of this monument has been judged one of the most beautiful yet produced, and it will doubtless be the greatest and most artistic of its kind existing in New York. Teacher Bobby, what does lazy man Bobby mean? Bobby lazy means always to put your little sister to get it for you. Puck. Teacher Tommy, do you know what a Nemesis is? Tommy Yes, Jim. Teacher: Well, what is it? Tommy A. Jonah. [Harper's Bazar.] First Boy: I saw a dead dog down on Fifth avenue yesterday. Second Boy: Huh! I saw him before ever you did I helped kill him. [White-side Herald.] Servant Girl: What are you up to, Johnny? Johnny: Up to the preserves on the top shelf. Don't say nothing, or the old woman will be up to me. Epoch. Anxious Mother: Don't you know that George Washington never, never told a lie? Sinful Boy: My baby, his mother didn't care how much cakes and jam he took, and he wasn't afraid to tell her. N. Y. Weekly. Little Ethel went to church with her grandmother, and for the first time put 10 cents in the contribution plate. Laying over, she whispered very audibly, "That's all right, grandma, I paid for it." "Today, Hans, your dear papa is coming back from his journey, and he will bring you some oranges. So you are going to be very good all day, aren't you?" "I don't know, mamma. Are the oranges very big? Fliegende Blatter. Teacher: Did Columbus know that he had discovered a new continent? Class No, he thought it was India. Teacher: Correct. Why did he think he had found India? Bright Boy: I suppose it was 'catiso the inhabitants was Indians. N. Y. Weekly. "John, Charles, William," cried the boy's mother, "where are those peaches I left here?" "In our midst," returned the boys; and when the doctor called that night the mother knew that her little darlings had spoken truthfully as well as with a grammatical accuracy that is not universal. Complete Information. "Mamma, what's twins!" asked the smallest child. "I know," replied the older one, before the mother could answer. "Twins is two babies just the same age; three babies are triplets; four are quadrupeds, and five are centipedes." [N. Y. Sun. Mabel's Hard Task. A Portland family had company one day, and little Mabel was helping her mother in preparing supper. Her mother told her privately to spread the cloth on the table and see how and how the neatest part of the lady's side. After endeavoring to do as near as she was requested, she exclaimed: "Only think, mamma, what did you give me to give you the cleanest part of the table cloth, and I can't find any clean part to it." [Lcwiston Journal. A little boy, who is not looking if not distinguished in the study of history, was one day reciting fluently on the subject of "The Battle of Bunker Hill." He had it by heart. The little voice piped as he described how "the patriot ranks lay quietly behind their earthworks until the redcoats were within ten yards of the place where Prescott shouted 'The! A blaze of light shot from the redoubt, and whole pantaloons of the British army." The survivors "But there was no chance to dispose of the survivors. A shout went up from the class. After all "platoons" looked much like "pantaloons." [Harper's Bazar. The Show. "Where's that living skeleton?" asked the show. Gentlemen from Philadelphia. "Well, the fact is," said the showman confidentially, "he fell into the slot of that weighing machine this morning, and we haven't got him out yet. If you'll come back tomorrow night, I guess you can see him." | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'sn94056415_1890-09-26_1_7_1', 'collection': 'US-PD-Newspapers', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '', 'title': 'None', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'English', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '5340', 'token_count': '6986', '__index_level_0__': '15468', 'original_id': 'f7108b3ce424d23e602278336f1e3f3635e69a311692251f644bb5341c2289fb'} |
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Think of a Ganache as an emulsion, just like a mayonnaise. The goal is to mix two components that are not supposed to mix - chocolate, which is fat, and a liquid - Although the liquid is often fresh cream with some flavor, it can be any liquid. Fruit juices are an obvious alternative. The proportion of chocolate and liquid vary depending on the type of the chocolate you're using - the "lighter" the chocolate, the less liquid needed - and the usage of the Ganache. If the Ganache
Tempering chocolate
Why is this necessary? If you simply melt chocolate and let it cool down on its own, the resulting chocolate will likely: Lack shiny appearance Be soft when broken Rapidly have white color traces appearing This will be due to the cacao molecules not being "aligned" because they will have cooled down gradually. The process of tempering consists in bringing the chocolate to a temperature of 122F or 50C - well above melting temperature of 81F or 27C, then bringing it down to these levels, 80F - 28C and finally
Melting Chocolate
The Micro wave method The goal is to obtain the chocolate in an homogeneous liquid paste and at a temperature not exceeding 50C or 120F. I recommend using a micro wave because the worst ennemy of chocolate is water. Any small amount of water in the chocolate and this will trigger an emulsion and make it more solid and thick and would turn it into a kind of poor quality Ganache. Although using a double bath works perfectly as well, it presents an obvious risk of introducing water in the choccolate, if only through the steam. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8953222036361694}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '50954', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:WTH3PW6HXBDXQTDOAZ324H24MCB6M453', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:06916fa0-4c01-450b-a35f-354b1f7c83f9>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 29, 13, 4, 50), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.214.201.62', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:QXIEGUMVJYSBMS7GOAXMBBXKB4EAGVEE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1ed65b86-6d40-4c03-a290-ee3662fddb9f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://cacaoauthority.com/techniques/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a09aa9d2-3c84-4202-b450-8792a7c66f92>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '268', 'url': 'https://cacaoauthority.com/techniques/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-24\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May/June 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-60.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.8940019607543945', 'original_id': 'a3a98815877ebc4183da0cd081fced8187e4060b3f213008c7e33eb16df12e62'} |
Title : Dissertation Research: Phylogeny of the Corallinales (Rhodophyta) as Inferred
from 18S rRNA Gene Sequences
Type : Award
NSF Org : DEB
Latest
Amendment
Date : February 10, 1995
File : a9423636
Award Number: 9423636
Award Instr.: Standard Grant
Prgm Manager: James E. Rodman
DEB DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
BIO DIRECT FOR BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Start Date : March 1, 1995
Expires : February 28, 1997 (Estimated)
Expected
Total Amt. : $10000 (Estimated)
Investigator: Russell L. Chapman btruss@unix1.sncc.lsu.edu (Principal Investigator current)
Sponsor : La St U & A&M Coll
330 Thomas Boyd Hall
Baton Rouge, LA 70803 225/578-3386
NSF Program : 1171 SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY
Fld Applictn: 0000099 Other Applications NEC
64 Environmental Biology
Program Ref : 9179,SMET,
Abstract :
9423636 Chapman and Bailey Morphological and anatomical characters have
traditionally formed the basis for the taxonomy of the coralline red algae and
have resulted in numerous difficulties at all levels of classification from
species to order. Evolutionary convergence in structure and environmental
effects on shape and form are the suspected culprits. Mr. Jeffrey Bailey
under the guidance of faculty adviser Dr. Russell Chapman at Louisiana State
University is generating an independent molecular data set to test the array
of conflicting hypotheses of relationships among ca. 40 genera of coralline
red algae. An associated study includes the first analysis of a unique type
of host-parasite association, adelphoparasitism, found in the coralline red
algae (although known in other Rhodophyta). New molecular data, nuclear
ribosomal DNA sequences, will be integrated with traditional morphological
characters in a focused study of species and genus relationships among the
coralline red algae.
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**2 - 5*r + 5 + 5*r + 7*r. Determine n(-5).
-5
Suppose i + 2*l - 12 = 0, -3*i - i + 13 = l. Suppose 15 = -i*o + 5*o. Let p(r) = r**3 - 6*r**2 + 3*r. What is p(o)?
-10
Suppose -4*c + 36 = -8*c. Let j = 4 + c. Let a(h) = h**3 + 4*h**2 - 5*h + 1. Calculate a(j).
1
Let v(s) = 3*s**3 - 4*s**2 - 3. Let h(d) = -d**3 - d**2 + d + 1. Let y(z) = 2*h(z) + v(z). Suppose 4*u - 32 = -4*j, 4*j = -0*j + 8. Calculate y(u).
11
Let j = -4 + 8. Let c = j + -9. Let x(k) be the second derivative of -k**5/20 - k**4/2 - 2*k**3/3 - 2*k**2 + k. Determine x(c).
-9
Let s be (10/(-3))/(-3*(-6)/(-27)). Let a(w) = 5*w - 7. What is a(s)?
18
Let o(b) = -b + 1. Let i(a) = a**3 - 8*a**2 - 10*a + 12. Let p be i(9). Calculate o(p).
-2
Let s(d) be the first derivative of 3*d**3/2 + d**2/2 - 5*d - 2. Let l(z) be the first derivative of s(z). Calculate l(-1).
-8
Let a(y) = -4*y - 1. Let z(w) = w. Let g(v) = 2*a(v) + 9*z(v). Suppose 2*t = 2*i - 6, -3*i + 2*t = -1 - 6. Let o = -3 + i. Calculate g(o).
-4
Let g be (-2)/(-1)*(-63)/18. Let x = -12 - g. Let d(l) = l**3 + 5*l**2 - 2*l - 6. What is d(x)?
4
Let k(l) = l**2 + 3*l - 1. Let g be k(-2). Let p = -2 - g. Let q(w) be the third derivative of -7*w**5/60 + w**3/6 - w**2. What is q(p)?
-6
Let p(u) = u - 9. Let c be p(5). Let j(s) = 5*s**3 - 5*s**2 + 4*s + 5. Let o(x) = -6*x**3 + 5*x**2 - 4*x - 6. Let m(r) = c*o(r) - 5*j(r). Give m(4).
-1
Let p(l) = 7*l - 4. Let k(s) = -15*s + 9. Let d(g) = 6*k(g) + 13*p(g). Give d(-3).
-1
Let f = 37 + -35. Let m(x) = x**3 - 3*x + 2. Give m(f).
4
Let h(n) = -n + 1. Suppose 0 = -u - 2*u - 3. Let o(p) = p + 5. Let i(j) = u*o(j) + 4*h(j). Let t be (-25)/15 + 2/3. Determine i(t).
4
Let p(l) be the second derivative of l**4/12 - 3*l**3/2 + l**2 - 5*l - 3. Give p(7).
-12
Let v(b) = -b - 1. Let z(j) be the third derivative of j**4/8 - 7*j**3/3 + 7*j**2. Let p be z(6). Calculate v(p).
-5
Let p(m) = m**3 - 5*m**2 - 3*m - 2. Let w(l) = -l + 1. Let x be w(-5). Calculate p(x).
16
Suppose 3*r - 8 = 16. Suppose 0 = -5*o + 28 - r. Let t(y) be the first derivative of y**3/3 - 2*y**2 - 4*y + 1. Calculate t(o).
-4
Let p(q) be the first derivative of q**2/2 - 3*q - 18. Determine p(-8).
-11
Let m(x) = 5*x - 14 - x - 3*x. Determine m(6).
-8
Let d(i) be the first derivative of -i**2/2 - i - 3. Let l(h) = 15*h - 10. Let o(r) = 1. Let q(t) = l(t) + 30*o(t). Let s(u) = -20*d(u) - q(u). Determine s(2).
10
Let v = 58 - 55. Let z(r) be the third derivative of 0 - 1/3*r**3 - r**2 - 1/30*r**5 - 1/12*r**4 + 0*r + 1/120*r**6. Determine z(v).
1
Let k(r) be the second derivative of -r**3/6 - r**2 + r. Let z(g) be the first derivative of -g**2/2 + 4*g - 8. Let h be z(7). What is k(h)?
1
Let s(f) = -f**3 - 5*f**2 - 6*f. Suppose 5*u = a - 17, a + 4*u + 8 = -a. Suppose 5*n + 12 = a*n. Give s(n).
8
Let d be (3 - 25/10)*2. Let x(t) = -10*t**2 + t. Give x(d).
-9
Let t(q) = -3*q**2 - 8*q + 13. Let a(f) = 4*f**2 + 8*f - 14. Let y(h) = 4*a(h) + 5*t(h). Calculate y(6).
-3
Let d(a) = -a**2 + 7*a - 6. Suppose -48 = -3*o - 0*s + 4*s, 0 = -4*o + 2*s + 74. Suppose 2*z = 6*z - o. Determine d(z).
4
Let t(r) be the second derivative of r**3/2 - 9*r. Calculate t(7).
21
Let m(x) = x + 9. Let n be m(-7). Let b(v) = v**2 - v + 1. Let j(c) = 6*c**2 - 7*c + 6. Let w(s) = 5*b(s) - j(s). Give w(n).
-1
Let f(z) = z - 2. Suppose 0*w - 5*w - 2*l + 38 = 0, 4*w + 2*l - 32 = 0. Suppose q = -2*k - w, 2*q + 1 = 6*q + 3*k. What is f(q)?
2
Let u(v) be the second derivative of v**4/12 + 2*v**3/3 - 7*v**2/2 + 22*v. Give u(-6).
5
Let g(d) be the first derivative of -d**3/3 + 3*d**2 - 4*d + 4. What is g(5)?
1
Let v(q) = -3*q. Let b = 3 + 0. Let y be b/1 + -2 + 1. Give v(y).
-6
Suppose -5*g = 10 - 0. Let l be -1 + 0 - (-2 - g). Let o(z) = 123*z**2 - z - 1 - 60*z**2 - 61*z**2. Calculate o(l).
2
Let z = -3 - -3. Let n(w) = w - 1 - 4 + z*w + 3. Give n(3).
1
Let z = 253/6 + -42. Let v(t) be the second derivative of -z*t**3 + 1/12*t**4 + 1/20*t**5 + 3/2*t**2 + 0 + 2*t. What is v(0)?
3
Let u(b) = -b**2 + 2. Let s be u(0). Let n(z) be the first derivative of -1/3*z**3 + 3/2*z**s - z - 2. Give n(1).
1
Let o(b) be the second derivative of b - 1/2*b**3 + 0 + 1/12*b**4 + 1/2*b**2. Let q = -2 - -6. What is o(q)?
5
Suppose -3 - 1 = -s. Suppose -s*q = q - 70. Suppose 5*b - 3*v = 20, v + q = 5*b - 6. Let c(l) = l**2 - 3*l - 5. Determine c(b).
-1
Let w(q) = -q**3 + 4*q**2 + 7*q - 7. Let n be 21/(-5) - 4/(-20). Let f be 0 - (n/(-1) + -2). Let i be (-2 - -9) + f/1. Determine w(i).
3
Let c(w) = w**2 - 6*w + 2. Let i(z) = z**2 + 6*z - 1. Let g be i(-7). Calculate c(g).
2
Suppose 0 = 6*f + 121 - 85. Let c(r) = 3*r - 6*r + 5*r**2 + 6 - r + r**3. Determine c(f).
-6
Let x = -10 + 15. Let s(v) = v**3 - 3*v + 4*v + 6 + v - 4*v**2 - x*v. Let j be (-3)/((-3)/8*2). Determine s(j).
-6
Let s(r) be the third derivative of -r**5/60 + 5*r**4/12 + r**3/6 + 30*r**2. Determine s(10).
1
Let m(n) = n**3 - 6*n**2 + 7*n - 3. Let f be m(5). Let g = 13 - f. Suppose 3*q - q - g = 0. Let j(i) = i**3 - 3*i**2 - 2. What is j(q)?
-2
Let t(g) = -9*g**3 + 2*g - 1. Let y(l) = l - 1. Let v be y(2). Give t(v).
-8
Let j(n) = -2*n - 15. Let c(s) = -3*s - 14. Let d(g) = 3*c(g) - 4*j(g). Calculate d(8).
10
Let q(k) = k - 2. Let s(o) = -o**2 + 2*o + 3. Let n be s(3). Give q(n).
-2
Let z be (-2)/1 + (2 - 0). Let c(w) = 5*w**2 + z*w**2 + 5 - 4*w**2 - 4*w. Calculate c(4).
5
Let n be 9 - (1 + -1 + -1). Let p(i) = -i**3 + 2*i**2 + 5*i - 3. Let s be p(3). Suppose -s*x + x = -n. Let l(k) = 2*k - 4. What is l(x)?
6
Let s be 2 + -2 - (-2 + 2). Let r be (-1)/2*s/2. Let m be 1 - r/(-1 + -2). Let t(w) = 4*w**3 - w**2 + w. Calculate t(m).
4
Suppose 0 = -j + 3 - 1. Let v(f) = 2*f - 2. Let k be v(j). Let l(c) = -2 - 5*c + c**k + 0*c - 2*c**2. Give l(-5).
-2
Let p be 1/((-9)/(-6))*3. Let b be (5/4)/(2/16). Suppose -p - b = -3*l. Let a(m) = m**3 - 5*m**2 + 6*m - 4. Determine a(l).
4
Suppose -2*c - q + 4 = 0, 0*c - 2*q = 2*c - 4. Let u(o) = -o**3 + 2*o**2 + 3*o - 3. What is u(c)?
3
Let m(h) = h + 4. Let z = 6 - 4. Suppose z*u + 6 = -u. Let o = u + -1. Determine m(o).
1
Let x(j) be the first derivative of 9/2*j**2 - 9*j - 8 - 1/3*j**3. Give x(8).
-1
Let y(z) = z**2 + z. Let a(s) = s**3 + 10*s**2 + 4*s + 4. Let p(q) = a(q) - 4*y(q). Determine p(-6).
4
Let q(p) = 5 - 148*p + p**3 - 2*p**3 + 4*p**2 + 152*p. Give q(5).
0
Let x(j) = 2*j + 1 - 1. Let s be x(-1). Let d(q) = -4*q + q**2 - 12 - 2*q**2 + 9. Give d(s).
1
Let q(m) = 5*m - 8. Let b be q(2). Let f(l) = -l**3 + l**2 + 3*l - 3. What is f(b)?
-1
Suppose h - 4*w - 18 = 0, 0*h - 3*h + 15 = w. Let j(r) = -r**2 + 6*r. Calculate j(h).
0
Let x be (0 - (-3)/(-9))*-12. Let a(c) = 4*c**3 + 15*c**2 + 19*c + 0*c**3 + c**2. Let p(u) = u**3 + 5*u**2 + 6*u. Let y(d) = -2*a(d) + 7*p(d). Give y(x).
0
Let y(l) = 2*l**2 - 37 - 30 + 66 + 2*l. Calculate y(2).
11
Let m be (-2)/(-8) + (-10)/8. Let h be m/2 + 26/4. Let a(i) = 7*i + 1. Let l(t) = 10*t + 1. Let k(c) = 3*a(c) - 2*l(c). Give k(h).
7
Let n(v) be the third derivative of v**6/120 + v**5/15 + v**4/12 + 2*v**3/3 - 5*v**2. What is n(-3)?
7
Suppose 2*b = -3*b. Let t(p) be the third derivative of -p**4/24 + p**3/2 - 4*p**2. Give t(b).
3
Suppose -g - g + 5*u + 36 = 0, -16 = 4*u. Suppose -2*z - g = -4*t + 3*t, -4*t + 2*z = -20. Let c be 0 - t/6*3. Let k(a) = a**2 - 4*a - 3. Calculate k(c).
9
Let p(t) = 3*t + 1. Suppose -d - 25 = -5*j, -d - 4*j + 1 = -10. Let i(w) = -w**3 - 5*w**2 - 2*w - 7. Let q be i(d). Calculate p(q).
10
Let b(l) = l**3 - 5*l**2 + 5*l - 3. Let q(p) = -p**3 + 6*p**2 - 2*p - 12. Let x be q(5). Give b(x).
-6
Let z(c) = 2*c**3 + c**2 + 2*c + 1. Let l be z(-1). Let r be 4 + -3 - (-1 - 1). Let i(o) = 3*o**2 - r*o - 2*o**2 + o**3 - 3 + 0*o**2. Determine i(l).
-1
Let f(r) = r**3 - 5*r**2 + 6*r - 2. Suppose -2 + 26 = 6*j. Determine f(j).
6
Let b(q) = q**3 - 3*q**2 - 5*q. Suppose 0 = v - 0*v - 2*i, -22 = -4*v - 3*i. Calculate b(v).
-4
Suppose 3*k + 20 = 5*w + 5, 2*w = 3*k + 15. Let r(b) = -3*b - 7. Let u be r(-5). Let y = k + u. Let v(z) = z**3 - 3*z**2 + z + 4. Calculate v(y).
7
Let c = 1 + 0. Suppose c = -2*o - 5. Let i(l) = l**3 + 1. Let a(j) = -2*j**3 + 3*j**2 + 3*j - 7. Let z(s) = a(s) + 3*i(s). What is z(o)?
-13
Let f = 16 - 14. Suppose -2*p - 2*q = q + 21, -6 = 2*p - f*q. Let w(c) = c + 3. Determine w(p).
-3
Let z(l) = 1 + l + 4*l - 6*l - 3*l. Calculat | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'ba6859d4af0a64d1496aa68943e9f464d255112e3cb85bfccba0752ced1a97e4'} |
Nike Skinny Dunk High: Spring – Summer 2009
Staying true to the original design ethos of Nike, Nike Sportswear remixed an icon with a distinct focus on innovation. Specially made for the female consumer, the “Skinny” Dunk is Nike Sportswear’s offer for the female who loves authenticity that fits with her wardrobe. Keeping the same silhouette of the “real” deal born in 1985 on the basketball court, Nike Design Director Jesse Leyva worked with a strong team of female designers to adjust the fit of the shoe to the female body.
“We don’t have to reinvent the wheel”, says Leyva. “When you look at the shoe, it’s the Dunk, the icon, nothing more nothing less.” But when you put it on, you discover the difference. “It’s less bulky, because of the special last we used.” Nike design is all about listening to the athlete. In this case we listen to the female athlete who wants to rock the pop culture icon that compliments her foot and form without sacrificing any elements or aesthetic of the original Dunk silhouette. Simply put, the Skinny Dunk is an innovative mix of fit and feel designed specifically for her. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '25da2efafe2315296bad576a385fb5175f65d444bdbb34a2041ce79c94523c06'} |
Identification of yeast pheromone pathway modulators by high-throughput agonist response profiling of a yeast gene knockout strain collection.
Gene deletion analysis is a powerful tool for resolving the contributions of individual open reading frames to the physiology of cells. Analysis of deletion phenotypes in conjunction with a specific pathway reporter can identify constituents of a physiological pathway and reveal potential effectors that regulate the pathway by quantifying the phenotypic responses of the mutant cells. This article describes a high-throughput method of analyzing a yeast gene deletion library for novel G-protein signaling modulators using a yeast pheromone pathway-specific reporter. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c9c8090e3995cf047a56d789931599cb430eabf08defe2cc65d02652695c97f0'} |
2013 National Policy Conference
How has the food system been shaped by globalization, technology and trade? How can vital resources be better allocated to correct issues impacting global food production? This year’s National Policy Conference “Throwing Caution to the Wind? Charting the Course of Global Agricultural Policy” will bring together leading experts, academics and politicos to answer these questions and engage in debate around global food policy.
User login | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8773825764656067}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '43624', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:T4A4MKTUFDKATGBPCQORGRGXHXNP5XUA', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:9e2bebf2-c82b-46c2-a8c7-f2bf3cc4dea5>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 1, 6, 48, 56), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.29.48.219', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6ZC6W6VFNMA7R4TZ2N5CWKHCAHY46LJP', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9f828f6d-464a-41fa-a44b-a07d59106505>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.croplifeamerica.org/National-Policy-Conference-2013', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:200cd95d-8ddd-4ff1-8963-fbd7c07acdda>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '70', 'url': 'http://www.croplifeamerica.org/National-Policy-Conference-2013', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-11\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for February 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.28590428829193115', 'original_id': '86f2a6bd2f598da45ccf14343823a75143ab2e539f7af246bae5bdd68ef67b76'} |
Surgical reconstruction of hip subluxation and dislocation in children with cerebral palsy.
This study aims to review the efficacy of femoral varus derotation osteotomy (VDRO) and Dega transiliac osteotomy in the treatment of hip subluxation and dislocation of cerebral palsy (CP) patients. This retrospective study included 25 hips of 22 CP patients (9 males, 13 females; mean age 8.7 years; range 4 to 18 years) who were operated due to hip subluxation and dislocation between July 2010 and December 2015. The mean follow-up period was 36.1±10.4 months (range, 20 to 65.6 months). Femoral VDRO and Dega transiliac osteotomy were performed in all cases. None of the patients were administered cast immobilization postoperatively. Patients were evaluated clinically with gross motor function classification system preoperatively and at the follow-up period. Acetabular index (AI), migration percentage (MP), and neck-shaft angle (NSA) were measured and documented by pelvic radiographs taken pre- and postoperatively and at the follow-up period. Intra- and postoperative complications were recorded. Gross motor function classification system scores improved in 16 patients. Mean AI was 33.2° preoperatively and 20.4° postoperatively. In preoperative period, MP and NSA were 72.7% and 160°, respectively, which improved to 24.3% and 130°, respectively, postoperatively. The postoperative improvement in AI, NSA and MP were statistically significant (p<0.001). We performed revision surgery due to implant failure in two patients and detected hip subluxation due to increased pelvic obliquity in one patient who had thoracolumbar scoliosis. In CP patients, reconstruction of hip subluxation and dislocation with femoral VDRO and Dega transiliac osteotomy establish femoroacetabular congruency. Without any cast immobilization, early physical therapy is encouraged for immediate recovery. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7ccff097c63796dc20a333472d1f959917c1b3e477bcf88fdb2e83c30dc738d0'} |
Tune in to the Right Station
In your car, you have a radio . . . you don't have a radio station . . . you have a radio. Your radio tunes in to a radio station that’s broadcasting everywhere throughout the area. The brain and the mind operate in the same way. Your brain is like a radio and the mind is the broadcasting station. You, in fact, have the opportunity to choose which thought-station to listen to, or if you don’t make the choice, someone else might do this for you. Whatever you are doing in life affects the frequency that your brain is tuned to, and this determines exactly what you’ll receive from the broadcasting mind. The mind has many layers and levels and in yoga we call it the universal-mind because it’s broadcasting throughout the universe.
The station you are going to listen to with your brain is being broadcast from this universal mind and again it’s broadcasting everywhere. Your reception will be determined by the frequency you tune your brain to, your nervous system to, your psychology and your neurology to. If you want to listen to great and positive thoughts, in other words—good programming; if you want to live at a higher frequency—you will have to constantly discipline the frequency of your brain. It is called mindfulness.
When you tune your neurology and your psychology, you receive the thought forms of your choice. When you don’t tune it: then everything else; everyone else; every situation around you determines the thoughts you will listen to. It's called mindlessness.
The brain is a magnificent organ and science is only beginning to understand a tiny portion of its functioning. Yogis for centuries, however, have understood and studied the depths of the human brain and have written about it in many of the Vedic scriptures. One such passage describes the amount of information the human brain processes in the matter of a moment. It goes as follows: The eye can blink in one-seventh of a second; this is called a nimeshra and is the time it takes for the wheel-of-sensation (or thought) to spin 1000 times. This then means that the wheel of sensation spins 7000 times per second. The outer rim of this wheel is made up of 1200 sensations; each sensation is a potential thought. When you do the math, 7000×1200, you realize that there are 8.4 million possible sensations (thought-forms) per second, available to the human brain. Why would you ever want to be stuck when you have this many opportunities for change.
How consciously alert and awake you are will determine if you receive the leading edge of these thought-forms or the trailing edge. Trailing edge thought-forms are like table scraps, while leading edge thought-forms are absolutely the most wonderful opportunities possible.
Great and creative ideas come into the brain with these leading-edge thought-forms; whereas ideas that everyone else has had, or disposed of, come in with the trailing thought-forms.
If you want to have great ideas, new ideas, intuitive ideas; wake up to discipline and begin fashioning and dreaming your fantastic fantasies. Tune in to the highest frequency stations available throughout the universal-mind and use this human brain for those remarkable and miraculous tasks it was created for.
This is you becoming the master-teacher that you are; this is you becoming you. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9513342976570128}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '74351', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:OG67ZGOAU5V6N5AUBZBQQHGSWAQJPDYE', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f1a6226f-00bc-4c6f-b22d-941ce05b45b0>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 20, 45, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.185.159.144', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MDM6PR4NGG4JOMRUDSFSGCRYO4R2MTEV', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b5f7e356-3920-4b4b-bebf-c50059a6d8fb>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.gurusingh.com/ourprayeris/tune-into-the-right-station', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dd05c3b0-b209-41af-9579-86acabec0581>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '551', 'url': 'https://www.gurusingh.com/ourprayeris/tune-into-the-right-station', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-95-138.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.37050914764404297', 'original_id': '3a171c860a53678a5a12ff2bd752090b59b9e6a9f4b93b907783bb22de0317de'} |
Home Cold War Era That Time Gaddafi Scrambled 70 Fighters to Intercept US Navy Aircraft that Crossed the Line of Death
by Dario Leone
No less than 35 pairs of Libyan interceptors, including a total of 70 MiG-23MS’s, MiG-25Ps, Mirage F.1s, and even Su-22s, Su-22Ms and MiG-25RBs, approached US Navy aircraft on Aug. 18, 1981.
Relations between Libya under Gaddafi’s rule and the USA gradually worsened after Tripoli’s announcement that the Gulf of Syrte (known as the ‘Gulf of Sidra’ in the USA) would be considered as Libyan territorial waters. In the spring 1974, Washington issued a diplomatic protest calling this announcement ‘unacceptable’ and a ‘violation of international law’, but otherwise did nothing to challenge Libyan claims, de facto accepting them as such. In fact, preoccupied with other issues, successive US administrations had several times rejected Pentagon proposals for large scale ‘freedom of navigation’ (FON) exercises designed to assert US rights in the gulf and illustrate Libyan inability to back up the claim with military force. Therefore, and because Libyan Arab Air Force (LAAF) interceptors vigorously patrolled the area, even US and French reconnaissance aircraft that operated along Libyan borders tended to stay well away from the area, with few exceptions.
As explained by Tom Cooper, Albert Grandolini and Arnaud Delalande in their book Libyan Air Wars Part 1: 1973-1985, the situation changed once Ronald Reagan was elected into the White House in early 1981. Reagan wasted no time in increasing defence spending, developing a tougher policy the Soviet Union and its allies and announcing his intention to combat international terrorism. The latter decision brought Washington on a direct collision course with Tripoli. Libya was recognized as a ‘genuine threat’ to US interests in the Middle East and Africa, supporting up to 30 different terrorist organisations world-wide, and deploying operatives and agents of its intelligence services to assassinate the Libyan opposition in the USA. Correspondingly, Reagan’s administration began developing plans to confront the Libyan claim over for Gulf of Syrte, undermine Gaddafi’s domestic power base, thwart the Libyan position in Chad and decrease its influence in the Middle East and Africa. Only one month into his presidency, Reagan approved an assertive, comprehensive FON program, including exercise inside the Gulf of Syrte.
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US planning for the FON in the Gulf of Syrte lasted several months and received Reagan’s official go-ahead only on Aug. 1, 1981. One of the reasons for the lengthy preparations for what would otherwise be considered a routine, peace-time live-firing exercise, run several times a year by different elements of the US military deployed around the world, was the Libyan record of attacking US aircraft in international airspace. Another was the development of new ‘Rules of Engagement’ (ROEs), designed to grant on-scene commanders the authority ‘to counter either the use of force or an immediate threat of the use of force’ (so-called ‘Reagan ROEs’), and even to pursue the possible attacker into the Libyan airspace. In the words of Lawrence ‘Music’ Muczynski, then an F-14 pilot assigned to the squadron VF-41 ‘Black Aces’ of the US Navy:
“The ROEs were very specific until then. We could not shoot without permission. Even if we were fired upon, we still had to call back to the ship, describe the situation and get permission to shoot. That was just a way too long. However, prior to this exercise we were briefed on new ROEs. We could now be pre-cleared by our controllers to engage a specific target, and most importantly, if we were fired on we could return fire, no questions asked. They developed this ROE due to the fact that during this exercise Lockheed EP-3 Orions, Grumman EA-6B Prowlers and Grumman E-2C Hawkeyes, and other high-value assets would all be present.”
Furthermore, the White House and the Pentagon wanted to stage a tremendous demonstration of US military power and send a clear signal about their altered policy to Gaddafi. Finally, the US Navy needed some time to concentrate two carrier battle groups, centred around the carriers USS Forrestal (CV-59), with Carrier Air Wing 17 (CVW-17) on board, and USS Nimitz (CVN-68), with CVW-8 embarked, with thirteen escort and support ships, including the nuclear powered cruisers, USS Texas (CGN-39) and USS Mississippi (CGN-40), in the Mediterranean Sea.
The FON and the Open Ocean Missile Exercise (OOMEX) were announced on time to the Libyan authorities, and they immediately protested, calling them a violation of Libya’s territorial waters and airspace. Nevertheless, the two carrier battle groups, under the command of Rear Admiral James E Service, moved to a position north of the Gulf of Syrte and commenced the exercise in the early hours of Aug. 18, 1981.
While the missile exercise was going on, both carriers remained fully prepared to intercept any Libyan aircraft and naval vessels that approached the exercise area. Correspondingly, a number of McDonnell Douglas F-4J Phantom II and Grumman F-14A Tomcat interceptors were catapulted into the morning sky and positioned so as to establish a barrier between the exercise area and the Libyan coast. Supported by Grumman E-2C Hawkeye airborne early warning (AEW) aircraft, pairs of F-14s filled four stations and pairs of F-4s three, with one of the Tomcat stations being clearly south of 32° 30′, which the Libyans declared as a northern border of their territory. At dawn, the Tomcats were followed by destroyers USS William V Pratt (DDG-44) and USS Caron (DD-970), which steamed south of 32° 30′ and were to remain inside the Gulf of Syrte for the following 36 hours.
When the US Navy-run FON in the Gulf of Syrte began, Gaddafi was on a state visit to Aden in the then South Yemen. Because the airspace where the US exercise took place was within the responsibility of the flight control in Tripoli, as soon as USN aircraft appeared there, the Libyans requested the Americans to identify themselves. The Americans not only ignored such requests but then also entered the airspace south of the ‘Line of Death’. Members of the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC, government of Libya in the 1970s) therefore ordered the LAAF to scramble and either force US Navy aircraft away or shoot them down. Correspondingly, no less than 35 pairs of Libyan interceptors, including a total of 70 MiG-23MS’s, MiG-25Ps, Mirage F.1s, and even Su-22s, Su-22Ms and MiG-25RBs, approached the exercise area during Aug. 18, 1981, as recalled by Muczynski:
This print is available in multiple sizes from AircraftProfilePrints.com – CLICK HERE TO GET YOURS. Fast Eagle 102 to Nimitz – Splash Two! Gulf of Sidra 1981
“Fighters from Nimitz were responsible for three combat air patrol (CAP) stations, one to the south and two to the west of the exercise area. The Forrestal had two CAPs to the east of the shoot area. Both air wings also maintained a CAP over their respective carrier. On the first day of the exercise all three of our CAPs were engaged. The perception was that the two western CAPs were getting most of the action.”
While some of LAAF pilots did their best in attempting to bring one of the US Navy fighters within range of their weapons, most did not show any kind of aggressive intentions at all. According to Libyan accounts, the major reason for this was that, timely warned by E-2C Hawkeyes and supported by electronic countermeasures emitted by Grumman EA-6B Prowlers and EP-3 Orions, the excellently trained Americans entered every engagement from a favourable position. They could usually position their fighters `in the saddle’, behind, above or below LAAF aircraft, in the best position to deny them a chance of successful engagement and force them to withdraw. Muczynski explained:
“Half of the time we would intercept them and they would let us join right to the wing. One Tomcat would stay in a mile trail, just in case, while the wingman would take pictures, inspect the MiGs visually, and ‘communicate’ (make rude hand gestures) to the Libyan pilots. It was pretty surreal to approach just a couple of feet from two MiG-25s. Until then it was just a picture in a book, and now here it was next to my jet. And when he lit those huge afterburners on that Foxbat, wow! His motors were huge! He could really move in a straight line, but couldn’t do much else.”
Not knowing that their opponents received an order to ‘destroy’ any US Navy aircraft underway south of 30° 32′, US Navy pilots like Cdr ‘Bad Fred’ Lewis had mixed it up with successive pairs of Libyan fighters. Only in three cases did the Libyans manage to penetrate the exercise zone, forcing Americans to stop their OOMEX. From the standpoint of American fliers, the situation was resembling scenes from their dissimilar air combat training, as recalled by one of VF-84’s pilots:
“On 18th August, it was mostly fun and games, well, mostly. Let’s just say that ever since then, I know exactly what a Mirage F.1 looks like from a distance of 600-800 ft (200-400 metres) as it pulls lead for guns.”
This model is available from AirModels – CLICK HERE TO GET YOURS
Libyan Air Wars Part 1: 1973-1985 is published by Helion & Company Limited and is available to order here.
Photo credit: U.S. Navy
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The Aviation Geek Club
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---
youku_id: XMTg0MjI5NTYwOA
youtube_id: qSql8KDTEuY
b_av: 16377923
b_cid: 27600889
b_page: 4
description: "在 git 中, 每一次提交(commit)的修改, 都会被单独的保存起来.
也可以说 git 的中的所有文件都是一次次修改累积起来的. 文件好比楼房, 每个 commit 记录
了盖楼需添加或者拿走的材料. 整个施工过程也被记录了下来."
chapter: 2
title: 记录修改 (log & diff)
publish-date: 2016-11-30
thumbnail: /static/thumbnail-small/git/2-02.jpg
post-headings:
- 修改记录 log
- 查看 unstaged
- 查看 staged (--cached)
- 查看 staged & unstaged (HEAD)
---
学习资料:
* [这节例子的初始文件](/static/results/git/initial-files/for_gitTUT_2-2.zip)
* [log 的详细参数](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Viewing-the-Commit-History){:target="_blank"}
* [diff 的详细参数](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Recording-Changes-to-the-Repository#Viewing-Your-Staged-and-Unstaged-Changes){:target="_blank"}
本节内容分为:
在 git 中, 每一次提交(commit)的修改, 都会被单独的保存起来.
也可以说 git 的中的所有文件都是一次次修改累积起来的. 文件好比楼房, 每个 commit 记录
了盖楼需添加或者拿走的材料. 整个施工过程也被记录了下来.
{% include assign-heading.html %}
之前我们以`Morvan Zhou` 的名义对版本库进行了一次修改, 添加了一个 `1.py` 的文件.
接下来我们就来查看版本库的些施工的过程. 可以看到在 `Author` 那已经有我的名字和 email 信息了.
```shell
$ git log
# 输出
commit 13be9a7bf70c040544c6242a494206f240aac03c
Author: Morvan Zhou <mz@email.com>
Date: Tue Nov 29 00:06:47 2016 +1100
create 1.py # 这是我们上节课记录的修改信息
```
如果我们对`1.py`文件进行一次修改, 添加这行代码:
```python
a = 1
```
然后我们就能在 `status` 中看到修改还没被提交的信息了.
```shell
$ git status
# 输出
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: 1.py # 这里显示有一个修改还没被提交
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
```
所以我们先把这次修改添加 (add) 到可被提交 (commit) 的状态,
然后再提交 (commit) 这次的修改:
```shell
$ git add 1.py
$ git commit -m "change 1"
# 输出
[master fb51216] change 1
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) # 提示文件有一处添加
```
再次查看 `log`, 现在我们就能看到 `create 1.py` 和 `change 1` 这两条修改信息了.
而且做出这两条 `commit` 的 ID, 修改的 `Author`, 修改 `Date` 也被显示在上面.
```shell
$ git log
# 输出
commit fb51216b081e00db3996e14edf8ff080fab1980a
Author: Morvan Zhou <mz@email.com>
Date: Tue Nov 29 00:24:50 2016 +1100
change 1
commit 13be9a7bf70c040544c6242a494206f240aac03c
Author: Morvan Zhou <mz@email.com>
Date: Tue Nov 29 00:06:47 2016 +1100
create 1.py
```
如果删除一部分代码, 也会被记录上, 比如把 `a = 1` 改成 `a = 2`, 再添加一个 `b = 1`.
```python
a = 2
b = 1
```
{% include google-in-article-ads.html %}
{% include assign-heading.html %}
如果想要查看这次还没 `add` (unstaged) 的修改部分 和上个已经 `commit` 的文件有何不同,
我们将使用 `$ git diff`:
```shell
$ git diff
# 输出
diff --git a/1.py b/1.py
index 1337a53..ff7c36c 100644
--- a/1.py
+++ b/1.py
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-a = 1 # 删除了 a = 1
+a = 2 # 添加了 a = 2
+b = 1 # 添加了 b = 1
```
{% include assign-heading.html %}
如果你已经 `add` 了这次修改, 文件变成了 "可提交状态" (staged), 我们可以在 `diff` 中添加参数
`--cached` 来查看修改:
```shell
$ git add . # add 全部修改文件
$ git diff --cached
# 输出
diff --git a/1.py b/1.py
index 1337a53..ff7c36c 100644
--- a/1.py
+++ b/1.py
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-a = 1
+a = 2
+b = 1
```
{% include assign-heading.html %}
还有种方法让我们可以查看 `add` 过 (staged) 和 没 `add` (unstaged) 的修改,
比如我们再修改一下 `1.py` 但不 `add`:
```python
a = 2
b = 1
c = b
```
目前 `a = 2` 和 `b = 1` 已被 `add`, `c = b` 是新的修改, 还没被 `add`.
```shell
# 对比三种不同 diff 形式
$ git diff HEAD # staged & unstaged
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
-a = 1 # 已 staged
+a = 2 # 已 staged
+b = 1 # 已 staged
+c = b # 还没 add 去 stage (unstaged)
-----------------------
$ git diff # unstaged
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
a = 2 # 注: 前面没有 +
b = 1 # 注: 前面没有 +
+c = b # 还没 add 去 stage (unstaged)
-----------------------
$ git diff --cached # staged
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-a = 1 # 已 staged
+a = 2 # 已 staged
+b = 1 # 已 staged
```
为了下节内容, 我们保持这次修改, 全部 `add` 变成 `staged` 状态, 并 `commit`.
```shell
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "change 2"
# 输出
[master 6cc6579] change 2
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
``` | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e28fb3cf00bebd29e65d646a414b1596c02642ec4a50b1f81e6db64fb8c1b262'} |
World Trade Center AP
It turns out there was a Muslim prayer room on the 17th floor of the south tower of the World Trade Center, where Americans and other traveling Muslims prayed every day.
On September 11th, 2001, when a handful of terrorists flew planes into the towers, some of the folks who used the room evacuated in time. Others probably didn't.
In other words, there already was a "ground zero mosque"--used by Muslim Americans who were murdered just like everyone else.
So isn't it time we stopped framing this discussion as "us versus them"?
Samuel Freedman has more on the prayer room at the NYT > | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9730581641197203}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '82513', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6HMT6IXYSDVZOKPK6ZWZC6FYXYATJ3II', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:247aed8d-7706-474a-a80e-c1574c21cb69>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 26, 0, 27, 4), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.32.64', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VSIIYIOLJPEQJUYJ4T5COM6WOR4DXGDK', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:28859774-0e9a-4d8a-8b6e-0f9910b7ab26>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.businessinsider.com/there-already-was-a-ground-zero-mosque-2010-9', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:094992ca-a535-4700-9bd0-6ac3b54682ac>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '105', 'url': 'http://www.businessinsider.com/there-already-was-a-ground-zero-mosque-2010-9', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-17\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2017\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11278444528579712', 'original_id': 'e30b93ce6f12d82a47f0efe120a67ca714173999d42760fe12fbf6929e32ecca'} |
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Web Hosting Strategies Kenya
Write down a list of your own priorities before you start shopping for a hosting service. Write down all your wants and needs, and match potential web host to those needs. Using a list like this can help you avoid bad decisions just based on a single factor, like price, and instead find what you need at a great deal.
Does the web host offer your money back guaranteed? If you find the hosting service isn't right for you within the first 30 days after ordering it, you should be able to cancel it and get a full refund. Some web hosts may fail to live up to their advertisements.If you want a professional site though, avoid free web hosting.
Look at the hosting awards a service has received. This can help you judge their service and support. Be wary of fake awards, looking instead for awards you can identify as being backed by a valid voting process. If you question an award's validity, check with the site that issues the awards to be sure. It's always a good sign if a host has won a number of voter's choice awards.
You probably have a better grasp of how complex it can become to choose the correct web hosting service. With so many different things to consider, it can be daunting to narrow it down to just one company. Keep the useful suggestions of this article in mind to make sure your decision about which web host to go with is the right one for all of your online needs.
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Our official partners | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '337', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.946418821811676}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '65047', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:QGOQHFTBI7WCAS7PKLASL33RT5CMCID7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:cde57123-9675-44f3-b92e-cf7bf979fd23>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 3, 30, 5, 23, 56), 'WARC-IP-Address': '162.144.104.202', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:2GIOBMJXMQM4HL37JA77WZKJIHM52L2C', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:2444b090-b6d8-4074-ad3a-023ace4b39b3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://kenyawebexperts.com/knowledgebase/1148/Web-Hosting-Strategies-Kenya.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:887252b1-e98f-409d-9450-65eae7e92832>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '613', 'url': 'https://kenyawebexperts.com/knowledgebase/1148/Web-Hosting-Strategies-Kenya.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-16\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March/April 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-202.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04632771015167236', 'original_id': 'b589b112357844d567976f0ac023c93fb1200be28ae07454ca3b3d4ca31d6b24'} |
Syrian Coalition and Rebel Factions Vow To Address the Russian Aggression
The Syrian Coalition’s political committee met with representatives of rebel factions on Tuesday to discuss Russia’s airstrikes on Syria.
They condemn the Russian aggression, calling on all military and revolutionary forces to address it as a bold aggression against the Syrian people and the Syrian revolution. Both side agreed on joint steps to counter aggression and respond to it.
They pointed out that the airstrikes on Homs and Hama where over 50 people were killed have exposed Russia’s real intentions in front of the international community and demonstrate that this intervention aims only to prevent the Assad regime from falling.
They also agreed on laying out a common position on the four work groups proposed by the UN envoy Staffan de Mistura, adding that it will be announced in a joint statement at a later time. (Source: Syrian Coalition)
Categories: Foreign affairs, History, Middle East, Military history, Politics, Russia, Syria, Top stories, War crimes, World history, World news
Tags: ,
5 replies
1. Russia is ‘protecting’ Russian interests. If you look at the strike map, all but one are in an area close to Tartus and Lattakia Syria, on or near M1 highway. As I’ve wrote before, Russia will have a Russian seaport on the Mediterranean. Their sole reason for aiding Assad, that an the oil and natural gas deposits off Syrian shores.
Liked by 2 people
• Hi, Ecantados. Russia is certainly protecting its interests in Syria and hoping to expand its influence in the region. The oil and gas assets of Syria are modest for the region. Russia has vast oil and gas resources. Those in Syria are of more importance to ISIS than to Russia.
Liked by 1 person
• Russia has a huge stake in Syrian development of it’s resources as well as an unknown amount by China and both of which are members of BRICAS…..and India has a problem, investment in oil and gas is going down since the price went down. China Always needs resources somewhere.
But from sources, Russia is only investing a nominal $90 million in a test well and research and prospecting. No doubt there were some other ‘side deals’ for other items.
So no, the Syrian resource agreement was pre ISIS and no one should think for one NY minute that Russia will let ISIS take over the off shore gas and oil or the shale oil reserves.
2. The Geopolitics of gas is moving most of recent wars, Afghanistan, Ukraine , and Syria
When the yesterday’s terrorists and plane hijackers in Syria are armed and named freedom fighters ,.. chercher la gas , more accurate look for gas pipelines
The problem is not the modest Syrian gas alone. Search for the construction of Iran-Iraq-Syria gas pipeline
Liked by 1 person
3. Fascinating. Thanks for the information, Fada. This is the first I have heard about this aspect of the Syrian civil war. I am aware of how the vital importance of Russian gas supplies to Europe–particularly Germany, Ukraine and Greece–have played a major role in defining the geopolitics of the Ukrainian conflict.
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%d bloggers like this: | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '9', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9355182647705078}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '137311', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HF773JAXVYPBFBGR3E4BPLJY747ZLNVW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:072d0085-918b-45c0-ad2a-fb548d6cd801>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 10, 21, 10, 26, 15), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.0.78.24', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:H2A7CAIQ5K5BKKTX5LPEBU6PFZU3GMII', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cbd66d0a-9042-447e-aec4-58274c2632e7>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://worldnewsforum.org/2015/10/02/syrian-coalition-and-rebel-factions-vow-to-address-the-russian-aggression/?shared=email&msg=fail', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5c33c354-14dc-4831-8e07-0e51827b2112>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '593', 'url': 'https://worldnewsforum.org/2015/10/02/syrian-coalition-and-rebel-factions-vow-to-address-the-russian-aggression/?shared=email&msg=fail', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-43\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-214.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07435333728790283', 'original_id': 'c3a933d461519de4d954c45eed97bda84013128270631d16c2415e7aa9648148'} |
Recliners For RVs
Campers are turning to recliners for rvs as an option which assures home like comfort even when you are traveling on rugged country road in your rv or camper. The concept of recliners found a new dimension when designers started designing recliners for outdoor purposes as well. Initially the recliners were the eye candy of any sitting room, office or in your den .However ideas were pouring in so were the demand for an outdoor recreational option.
Most recreational vehicles have unique floor plans which are mainly designed without comfort in mind by the manufacturers. Many a time the manufacturer overlooks the quality of the seats. Long hours of sitting in the same posture can also cause back pain and sprain. Recreational vehicles are mostly used for weekend vacations and also long family stays on road. Therefore it is natural that they will travel a considerable distances and will sometimes be uncomfortable.
The main aim of the recliners for rvs is to provide absolute pain less journey for those sitting for long hours. The chairs in these vans are mostly L in shape. You can easily remove them and replace with the recliners of your choice. These small space recliners have unique features and are different from those available for home purpose. You can choose the size depending upon the layout of your camper. It is better if you choose the leather recliners because they are easy to maintain as they are dust and stain resistant.
The average cost of these kind of recliners is usually not more than $400. The recliners are best in the lounge room as they will not only provide you comfort but also the cozy at home feeling. They ensure that you have a comfortable journey. Therefore next time you buy a camper or you go out for a long vacation, make sure you have the best available recliners for rvs. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9645909070968628}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '18971', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:KGOCY67TC55D42UBLP5YTU6HM46WQZUN', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:3a6e7d20-a19e-4223-8900-e4018e67b8f2>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 10, 31, 13, 20, 9), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.185.226.185', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VMHA3DM44HQADM6WWQKHPRLQ5XV6VJAB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a3122af3-24a3-469a-9dca-1f45d5221f48>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.wallhuggerrecliners.org/recliners-for-rvs/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b030565c-1603-443e-a54d-00d2385b8917>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '317', 'url': 'http://www.wallhuggerrecliners.org/recliners-for-rvs/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-42\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for October 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.026701152324676514', 'original_id': '17fd7d3ee48490403770d543a873dbbb52ec333182660000b06986e9989d2320'} |
Mac tablet keeps the look of the donor-Macbook
[Enigma-penguin] built a tablet computer out of a Core2Duo Macbook circa 2007. The battery exploded, damaging the case and a few components inside. But there was hope for a new life as a tablet computer. He removed the screen and tested to make sure the computer would still function without it by using the video out port.
Putting the whole thing back together as a tablet proved to have some headaches. He worked through problems caused by the addition of a touchscreen between the LCD and the bezel and made the connections work with the screen flipped. The finished product looks so good because the bezel has not been turned around like on other tablet builds. Instead, a viewing window was cut in what would have been the case behind the screen.
There’s a little more to be done yet. The black USB cable seen above is the connector for the touchscreen which he plans to internalize. The magnetic sleep sensor has been relocated to the headphone jack. Inserting a plug (no cord necessary) puts it to sleep for transport. There’s also an on screen keyboard and the ability to change the screen orientation from landscape to portrait. After the break we’ve embedded one of [Enigma-penguin's] demonstrations.
[Thanks Stephen via Neowin and their Forums]
1. Grovenstien says:
once again proving that OSx works reasonably well when using ones finger as an input device. Im still trying to figure out how to make OSx recognise two or more cursors, thus allowing multitouch to run nativiley on OSx. Answers on a postcard!
2. Mr Hacker says:
and why the is it always featured here when someone does a hack on apple products and rarely featured when its done on other stuff (like pcs) , they are same , the only difference is the os , that doesn’t mean that the apple products are locked with the most powerful glue on earth …….
Edit:why the cant you edit comments here
3. ak77 says:
@Mr Hacker
So wait.. You rarely see non-Apple hacks on HaD?
Your hyperbole is showing.
4. Mr Hacker says:
ok,i agree , but why is it given more priority when a hack is done to a computer running mac rather than other oses
5. amishx64 says:
I don’t care what OS he used. Afterall, its only software, and can be changed / upgraded.
I think the most important and well produced part of this project was the hardware itself. There was obviously a lot of thought put into it.
I think that a custom case could be in order as a next step. Prob a CNC job.
How would this hold up screen-scratch wise?
6. Bergo says:
@Mr. Hacker
did you you ever noticed the giant pile of netbook touchscreen hacks?
7. uzerzero says:
For the record, Axiotron has been producing the “Modbook” since the release of the original polycarbonate Macbooks. Essentially a hi-res touchscreen, rotatable, on top of the original Macbook case. It’s expensive, but slick and very useful for artists. I’ve always wanted one but been hindered by the price.
Two thumbs up to Enigma-Penguin for implementing a touchscreen by hand and making it look professional. Maybe one of these days I’ll set about duplicating his work.
8. Addidis says:
Great post mike.
I am curious and some what fearful What caused the battery to “explode” and was this a high energy explosion, or was it just a typical battery expanding due to age .
Great looking result. That usb cable should be no problem to handle.
9. ss says:
Mac hacks more prominent than PC hacks? Really? Have a look to the right of the article:
macs hacks (106)
pcs hacks (275)
10. trebu says:
I am currently running a power book g4 laptop with the screen removed. works great! the few issues I had were relocating the bluetooth and wifi connectors, done creatively with zip ties, and the blind install. not recommended. at all. ever.
The install dvd extends by default with no way to mirror, so
using an external display does not help much (at all).
I ended up plugging back in the display(the back light was just bad) and using a flashlight.
I believe most if not all apple laptops can and will run with the main screen removed, Just hope to god you don’t have to reinstall.
11. therian says:
macs hacks (106)
pcs hacks (275)”
so hacks: 1mac/3pc but dont forget that there is 100 pc’s for every mac, so yes there is a bias
12. Mr Hacker says:
ok , there is more pc hacks i agree , but why are they differentiated by mac hacks and pc hacks , i have even heard of people buying a mac just to say they have a mac , people, its just a software , there is no need to differentiate it from the pc
and keep the competition to us websites , even countries richer than the us (yes there are) has only 2 retailers in a country and they sell those **** stuff for double the price
signed – a frustrated guy
13. Mr Hacker says:
by us , i meant united states, the c***y disqus has a better system than wordpress’s built in comment system
14. @Addidis, it was a high energy explosion, the battery was just over 2 years old when it occurred. The explosion destroyed part of the keyboard, and apparently shook the dvd drive enough that it never worked again after.
Overall guys this hack cost me $50 Aud (for the screen) and a little time. If you have an old laptop mac, a dremmel and some time I highly suggest it.
15. LeftClicker says:
@Enigma-Penguin: What company did you buy the touchscreen from? I’d be interested in attempting this on by late 2005 iBook G4.
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Penis Hanging – How Dangerous is It?
Hanging expert Bib goes over the dangers and safeties of hanging.
The dangers of penis hanging . . .
Question: The thought of hanging weights from my penis scares the crap out of me. How dangerous is penis hanging?
Penis Hanging: As safe as you make it
Bib's Answer: Every single guy has his own parameters for the risk reward relationship. Making gains means collagenous tissue deformation and controlled damage, period. This tissue deformation requires a lot of stress, whether the stress is delivered by the hands, or assisted by a hanger and weight.
When I started nearly 10 years ago, there was not too much faith in manual exercises. Hanging, however, was fairly well proven to be effective for length gains.
I was very unhappy with my size, and could not feel little friction during sex. So, in my way of thinking, nothing from nothing leaves nothing, and I took the plunge.
The safety of penis hanging
Over the years, I have come to realize that hanging penis weights is safe, as long as the individual takes responsibility, and does nothing to risk injury. It is that simple. Of course, a guy must use a hanging device, whether it is a homemade device or a production model, that is proven to be safe. Never use a “noose” to hang. That is a recipe for disaster.
In truth, I have heard of many more penis injuries from improper jelqing than from hanging. I think that might be due to the fact that it's impossible to measure stress levels using manual techniques.
It is very easy to measure stress levels when hanging. In fact, hanging is one of the few penis enlargement endeavors where you can know stress levels.
Start light and gradually move up
As with all penis enlargement and enhancement, the key is to start light. Start slowly with low weights (2-5 lbs) and just a couple (2-3) of sets per day. Add one set per week, until you reach your available privacy time, or four hours per day, whichever is less. Then, you can begin to add 1-2 lbs per week, until you begin to reach fatigue within the first set or two.
This routine of slow stress increases gives the soft tissues in your body, skin, smooth muscle, nerves, blood vessels, etc, time to adapt to the stresses of hanging.
At some point, you will increase stress levels to a degree where the tough collagenous tissues are affected. When you begin to deform those tissues, and those target tissues have the potential to provide gains, you will gain.
Know when to stop hanging
For hanging, I define fatigue as tiredness or soreness which precludes an individual from continuing the activity at current stress levels. You simply cannot continue at those stress levels, much like you cannot continue with high stress levels when lifting weights.
At that point, you need to reduce the weight, in subsequent sets, in order to be able to continue to hang and complete the session.
Each set should be no more than twenty minutes long, with ten minute rests in between.
You do not have to unwrap during the breaks. The very act of stretching the tissues to and past the marginal stretch will reduce blood flow, no matter the attachment method. It is recommended that a tourniquet not be continued for more than 17 minutes. So twenty minutes is safe in a reduced flow situation.
Know when to continue
As long as you are reaching fatigue during a set, you stay at that weight for that particular set, or reduce weight if the fatigue becomes too intense. Then for the next set, you should be FORCED to decrease the weight, and should continue decreasing in weight as the hanging session goes on as needed. The key is to “ride the fatigue”.
In the future, when that same initial weight no longer brings on fatigue, then you continue to increase in weight, 1-2 lbs per week, or until you once again reach fatigue within the first set or two of a session. Don't attempt to rush this process.
Only the user can make these decisions. You cannot hang what other guys hang, or do what they do. You must use personal information, feedback from your body to decide the path you must take. Never increase stress levels more than one set per week, or 1-2 lbs per week.
Finally, fatigue means the tissues are going through deformation. Pain means injury. When you understand the difference, go for fatigue, and avoid pain – then you will be on your way to risk free gains.
About Bib
Bib has been apart of the penis enlargement community for nearly 10 years. He has given hanging advice to thousands of men. In his spare time, he builds and sells BibHangers for the men in the penis enlargement community. The BibHanger can be found on his website. You can read his success story, which has motivated many over the years here.
9 thoughts on “Penis Hanging – How Dangerous is It?
1. Pingback: Reaching Your Ultimate Penis Weight Hanging Goal | PEGym
2. Pingback: Penis Creep & It’s Scientific Implications | PEGym
3. Pingback: Penis Hang: Getting Started With Your Routine | PEGym
4. Pingback: Beginning a Penis Hanging Routine | PEGym
5. Pingback: Attaching The Hanger | PEGym
6. Pingback: Hanging Angle: Directional Penis Hanging
7. I prefer the BTC “Between the Cheeks” hang. You shift yourself forward in your chair (some use a pillow behind their back)and you let the hanger split your balls. It took me a number of weeks to stretch my skin to point where I could finally handle this angle. I had to use very light weight at first too. I’ve experienced substantial flaccid, erect, and stretched flaccid gains at this angle.
8. It is best to let the Bib hanger hang directly down. This is done by positioning yourself in a desk chair forward enough to achieve this unhindered position. To make sitiing on the “edge” of your chair more comfortable, prop one or two pillows between you and the back of the chair allowing you to lean back comfortably and still sit on the “edge” of the chair. While there are ultimately numerous angles to hang limited only by one’s imagination, I hope this is of some help per a basic position scenario.
9. I’ve read about hanging from Bib and others, and have viewed the very helpful video on wrapping and set up for hanging. What I’ve never seen explained is how/when hanging is done. It seems like it can only be done at home wearing loose (or no) clothing. Can you do it while sitting in a chair/at a desk? Does the weight need to hand directly down or could it be draped over the edge of chair? Available time seems to be a major constraint if this can only be done in the privacy of one’s home. I’d like to hear from other hangers on their practices.
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Can any genious write a program like this one??
Write a program called single that determines the winners of each match and the ultimate champion.
single will print (to standard output) the following output for the previous example:
Round 1:
Belarus defeats Sweden by score 4 3
Canada defeats Finland by score 2 1
United States defeats Germany by score 5 0
Russia defeats Czech Republic by score 1 0
Round 2:
Canada defeats Belarus by score 7 1
United States defeats Russia by score 3 2
Round 3:
Canada defeats United States by score 5 2
Champion: Canada | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9625168442726136}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '34035', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:7BNW37KUKMIV2WB24NUAWALPG2BM4LRW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fe6cf0c5-8a54-4f32-9641-803bb46fe839>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 6, 3, 10, 42, 50), 'WARC-IP-Address': '76.74.254.184', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:C2ETA2SEXZYIAYHCNX7CJUAWCE4RFXWJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:3073ebb0-e085-4506-b395-5b1db6696379>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://cboard.cprogramming.com/c-programming/27487-need-some-help-c-please.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:86475a0c-b8ec-4b0c-b823-10e1fa749aca>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '98', 'url': 'http://cboard.cprogramming.com/c-programming/27487-need-some-help-c-please.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-22\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.9998689889907837', 'original_id': 'f6907bcb926df198aa80a9a8d2c179b6d3fd01f983eab5169cab0831284ab580'} |
Greater London Authority Act 2007
The Greater London Authority Act 2007 (c 24) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
It gave extra powers to the Greater London Authority and the Mayor of London, which had been created by the Greater London Authority Act 1999.
References
Halsbury's Statutes,
Category:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 2007
Category:Local government in London
Category:History of local government in London
Category:2007 in London
Category:Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning London
Category:Greater London Authority | mini_pile | {'original_id': '3ca15a93b1e1e7334d033a3891a547b5cc367bce73cb3d05508735b99d1a51fa'} |
Tortillons and Stumps - Online Art Supplies
Tortillons and Stumps are the tightwad blenders. I used to see them for a nickel or a dime each in boxes next to the cash register at my college bookstore. I wondered what those little rolled cardboard tubes like pencils without leads were for, until a drawing class put them on the supplies list and I learned to use them with graphite and charcoal.
Tortillons are the hollow ones that have a single point. Stumps have two points and are rolled solid, they can be sharpened in a pencil sharpener. They come in various sizes from different manufacturers and are usually made from a gray fuzzy heavy paper. The picture below shows three tortillons in different sizes and one small stump posed on my black hardback sketchbook cover for contrast.
Three gray tortillons of different sizes and a small stump on a black hardback sketchbook cover, photo by Robert Sloan.
Tortillons and stumps are still relatively cheap. It's $2.99 for a class pack of a dozen each large, medium and small tortillons at Blick. Stumps cost a little more each, you only get 3 of each of four sizes in a pack for $2.56 but that gives six points each size and they last longer because they can be sharpened. You can also make your own by rolling printer paper or scrap paper if you want to be super tightwad about it.
Keep them organized by color groups after you've used them -- warm neutrals, grays, yellows, reds-oranges, greens, blues, violets. Orange doesn't usually need its own stump because it vanishes into reds, but you may want a clean one in a light orange if you don't want to redden it too much. They are so cheap it's easier to keep half a dozen for different color areas than to try to clean them off after use.
Because they come to a point, tortillons and stumps are useful in the same ways as a Taper Point Colour Shaper. The happy thing is that they're loony cheap and available anywhere, so this is something you can try for cleaning edges and applying very small bits of color before you get any fancier tools.
The lowest online art supply prices, guaranteed!
Tortillons sometimes collapse on themselves when they're old, first losing the sharp point and then just flattening. You can poke it through again with a bent paperclip or just use the solid stumps instead, reserving blunted ones for blending large areas.
They do wear out, but it takes longer than I ever expected. So this is the low price alternative. Blenders of one kind or another are important in realism because of the need to push color into tight areas, mix it on the page, edge up hard edges or soften others and place color in smaller amounts than you could with the tip of a stick.
One of the great things you can do with tortillons and stumps is something I discovered with graphite. It applies just as much to oil pastels or any other medium you're shading with them. Once they've been used and a color is on the point, you can shade carefully with just the cardboard blender to achieve very soft, light shades of the color. A deep red could be a softly applied pink with this method.
Also, using a used stump or tortillon for adding color means that you're more likely to use enough texture to fill the grain of the paper and have gentle, soft transitions. Shading with them takes a little practice and you may have to scrub it into a patch of color more than once to get your softly shaded areas worked out just right, but they give immense control. The pointed tips let you get into very small areas with soft shading. This is great when you're using oil pastels with hard ink lines or other mediums where you don't want them to cover opaquely or have strong broken color. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.954816997051239}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '13043', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:APIAAWPW7IHZLHJPLHAWH2MMXHXWHHHB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0b8f861a-382a-4e70-9fb9-cd13c94c756e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 5, 58, 12), 'WARC-IP-Address': '173.247.219.171', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NE6QANLOC26WAYPGTTRWYNBO7FDYQ3KC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d024e9e4-fcbb-4adc-8f65-38350a5a8cf3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.explore-oil-pastels-with-robert-sloan.com/tortillons-and-stumps.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1e81c892-ccd1-4388-b21f-a47baa344ef7>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '663', 'url': 'http://www.explore-oil-pastels-with-robert-sloan.com/tortillons-and-stumps.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-149-156-229.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.12082922458648682', 'original_id': '5256f71b2fd22fddf7e945f7eafc6459326f7c4d3eaeb9255ae6b8adade97cdc'} |
Elections Canada tried to beat back 'implausible' online rumours about pencils spoiling ballots
Elections Canada spent more than 10 days responding to online disinformation claiming polling stations were using pencils that could be intentionally smudged to spoil voters' ballots.
'It could lead people to believe their system is untrustworthy, illegitimate,' says academic
Online rumours claimed electoral officers were smudging pencil marks on voters' ballots. Elections Canada called the claims "implausible." (Sarah Sears/CBC News)
The story started online in Canada with purported first-hand accounts of Canadians voting during advance polling, then went wide on social media platforms — casting doubts in some voters' minds about election security.
By Oct. 21, Elections Canada was getting angry questions from voters asking why the agency only provides pencils at polling stations, while some people tweeted out claims that the system couldn't be trusted and the election could be "rigged."
Elections Canada said the claims are unsubstantiated and implausible. Even if a ballot is smudged, the agency said, it would still be counted.
The agency never issued a public alert during the campaign itself — suggesting Elections Canada did not consider it to be a threat to the integrity of the election.
Online disinformation expert Elizabeth Dubois, an assistant professor at the University of Ottawa, said these reports didn't spread widely enough to trigger voter panic — but they could still undermine public confidence in the democratic process.
Elizabeth Dubois is an assistant professor of communications at the University of Ottawa. (Ashley Burke/CBC News)
"It could lead to people choosing not to cast their ballot," said Dubois. "It could lead people to believe their system is untrustworthy, illegitimate, that it's not even worth participating in."
'My X was gone'
The 2019 election marked the first time Elections Canada monitored social media during a campaign. The monitoring team's objective was to detect false information about where, when and how to register and vote. The department reports it only flagged 28 pieces of misinformation and impersonation accounts to social media platforms between August and election day.
Elections Canada did spend time during the campaign responding to voters' social media queries about why pencils were offered at the polls. All the department could do was to point out that, while Elections Canada is required by law to provide black lead pencils at polling stations, voters can bring their own pens, markers or other writing tools to mark their ballots without seeing them discarded.
Some of the early social media posts about the poll pencils appeared in mid-October. One of them was an alleged first-hand account posted on Reddit about a chaotic Toronto polling station. The post said a voter handed their ballot to a clerk who opened it, looked at how they voted and smudged the X on their ballot.
"My X was gone," said the author of the post, which has since been removed from Reddit but was copied to Facebook. "It looked like one big smudge mark ... It was clear my ballot would be considered spoiled."
The post said that the polling station refused to give the voter a new ballot. It also claimed that few at the polling station spoke English.
"I'm 100% sure the Liberals win my riding. No doubt about it," said the post. The post was picked up and shared on other social media platforms.
From there, the posts complaining about the poll pencils snowballed.
Shauna McAllister of Nanaimo, B.C., warned voters on social media that their pencilled ballots may have been tampered with.
Shauna McAllister filed a complaint with Elections Canada over the use of pencils at the polls. (Skype)
She told CBC News that she saw some of her Facebook friends in Alberta sharing their own stories of ballots being smudged. She said her daughter also told her about an online story alleging a voter at the Vancouver Conference Centre called police claiming her ballot being spoiled.
"If you voted by pencil. Your vote may have been tampered!," she posted on Facebook on Oct. 24. "Revote? 1st world countries need a better system?"
McAllister said she filed a complaint with Elections Canada and called the political parties' offices to spread the word.
CBC News told McAllister that Elections Canada officials have said there is no evidence to suggest a ballot security problem with the pencils. She said she hasn't changed her mind.
"I don't agree with the idea of voting in pencil," McAllister said. "To me, that sounds like an archaic practice and it could be compromised. It's not rocket science. I do art and I have little children and number 3 pencils. You use them because you can smudge them off.
"I think generally, If there's a little bit of smoke, there's a bit of fire there. So potentially there was the possibility that some people's votes may have been compromised ... Why bother trying to make your vote count?"
Why pencils?
Elections Canada said in a statement to CBC News that no part of the allegations has been substantiated.
"The events as described are implausible and do not match our records," the department wrote.
Pencils are required by law at polling stations because they are "practical," Elections Canada said.
"Unlike pens, they can be stored between elections without drying out," the agency said. "Also, ink pens can blot paper; if a blot mark can be seen through the ballot paper, someone else might be able to guess who the elector voted for, thereby compromising the secrecy of the vote."
Elections Canada added that workers at polling stations work in full view of the public and are never alone: witnesses would have reported seeing poll workers tampering with votes. Two scrutineers and party representatives are posted at every polling station, and as long as there is a mark beside a candidate's name — even if it's smudged — the vote counts.
CBC News tested an official pencil on a sample Elections Canada ballot. The X smudges slightly, but not enough to distort the original mark. 0:14
No one charged with altering ballots
The agency said similar stories about poll pencils spread during recent elections in the U.K. and Australia.
CBC News tested an official pencil on a sample Elections Canada ballot. The 'X' smudged slightly, but not enough to distort the original mark.
The office of the Commissioner of Elections Canada confirmed it received complaints about ballots being smudged. It said no one was charged with violating the law by altering, defacing or destroying a ballot during this election.
"The complaints received did not provide factual information that would have allowed investigators to pursue the matter further," the commissioner's office said in a statement to CBC News.
Dubois studies the impact of disinformation on voters. She said it's too early to tell what impact the story had without a full analysis.
She warned, however, that such messages can do damage over time, especially if the rumours aren't dispelled before the next election.
"The vast majority of voters went, cast their ballots, no problem," she said. "But these kinds of questions that get planted ... can erode trust in democracy more broadly.
"We risk next time there being a much larger impact."
University of Ottawa assistant professor Elizabeth Dubois has concerns rumours spreading online will discourage people from voting. 0:24
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New Giants offensive coordinator Ben McAdoo coached the tight ends for six seasons in Green Bay before taking over as quarterbacks coach the past two seasons.
Last week, former Giants offensive coordinator Kevin Gilbride said that before he departed the team had discussed the need for a faster, bigger tight end than the incumbent Brandon Myers, who was more of a receiving tight end than a blocking tight end.
With McAdoo on board, may the Giants go after Packers unrestricted free agent tight end Andrew Quarless, who is raw but showed potential in relief of the injured Jermichael Finley this season?
Quarless, 6-foot-4, 252-pounder, was born in Brooklyn, New York and raised on Long Island. He was a fifth-round pick by the Packers in 2010 out of Penn State.
Last season, Quarless caught 32 passes for 312 yards and two touchdowns in 10 starts - all career-highs. He struggled as a blocker but Giants tight end coach Michael Pope has built a reputation for developing dual-threat players at his position.
If Quarless is a willing student as a blocker – unlike Myers who built his career as a pass catcher – he could be the answer for the Giants at tight end. Youngsters Adrien Robinson and Larry Donnell are also on the roster. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '4e2ea8801d55dc5a83da18d3d8e358fe24f90bd55a6e48e8a035e97ae36b268b'} |
Thursday, July 30, 2009
Does shooting an abortion doctor qualify as an "honour killing"?
I've continued making the rounds at Blogging Tories, soaking up what I can of conservative commentary and opinion. For many right wing thinkers, the alleged "honour killing" of four Muslim women in Kingston must seem like manna from heaven.
There's a pervasive theory making the rounds that the Muslim world is attempting to infiltrate western society, much like a Trojan horse. The argument goes that through heavy immigration and a disproportional birth rate, that Muslims will eventually wield enough political clout to remake Canada into an Islamic nation. Like many conspiracy theories it reeks of paranoia.
While immigrants often have difficulty in assimilating with the broader culture, subsequent generations have always gravitated away from the customs of their ancestry. My forebearers were Irish, a bunch of dumb Micks if you will. My great, great, great grandfather was likely considered a 'lyin', thievin', drunkin' idolater'. In Toronto signs with "Irish Need Not Apply" were not uncommon.
Any excuse to cast immigrants in a negative light is always seized upon by those who are small minded. When an Irishman murdered someone a hundred years ago, it was seen as justification for racist and intolerant attitudes towards that group. "See...I told you that's what the Irish are like"!
This tragic event in Kingston has given the conservative element a lightening rod to rage against Islam and its adherents. In today's Toronto Sun, columnist and bloggingtory Monte Solberg took full advantage with a piece entitled: Deaths put spotlight on Muslims
An opportunity to cast Muslims as villains is not to be missed, especially for those with an axe to grind. And so this former Reform/Alliance MP and Conservative cabinet minister makes no apologies for taking the widest brush possible to the entire Islamic faith, and the culture to which many of its adherents belong. Here's a sampling:
In this case the question isn't whether honour killing is sanctioned in the Qur'an. The question is whether honour killing is an unpleasant but acceptable practice for many Muslims...(emphasis mine)
Mr. Solberg attempts to turn this into a broader debate, one which will permit a closer examination of the Islamic faith. That in of itself certainly sounds reasonable. But why use the horrific deaths of four Muslim women as the basis for this discussion?
There are definitely aspects of Muslim faith and culture with which I, (like many others) take issue, particularly the treatment and status of women. But these concerns are not the sole purvey of Islam. Orthodox Judaism is certainly rife with inequality, as are many sects within the Christian faith. When will I be reading a column about Mormon women being forbidden from taking leadership roles within the LDS church?
When Scott Roeder murdered abortion doctor George Tiller, I didn't see media types like Solberg using that tragedy as a sounding board to encourage discussion about intolerant attitudes among many fundamentalist Christians. Muslims aren't alone in having adherents who disregard western laws and values, particularly with respect to the treatment of our female citizens.
Sadly there are all too many stories about murder and abuse of women. Muslims do not have a monopoly on misogyny, there are many women who have been killed by both current and former spouses, and even family members. But when the alleged murderer is Canadian born and bred, examination of the accused's religion is almost never an issue.
If we banned Muslims from entering Canada, would that mean an end to sexism? Hardly.
Canada has a system of laws, and those accused with the murder of these women will bear its brunt if they are found guilty of this crime. No different from the Clifford Olsons and Paul Bernardos currently residing in our jails.
Is Islam an intolerant faith? In my opinion yes. But no more intolerant than Christianity or Judaism in this blogger's opinion. Every faith has its extremists, its zealots...who believe illegal actions can be justified in the eyes of God. Thankfully the extremist element is not as large as some might think. We don't read about honour killings or abortion doctors being murdered every day.
But that won't matter to the xenophobic. It didn't matter a hundred or so years back with the Irish, and little has changed. Ain't progress grand?
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Wednesday, July 29, 2009
Stephen Harper's tyranny of the minority and U.S. war resisters
Almost 200 years ago a Frenchman decided to visit the United States, with an eye to learning about the experiment taking place with democratic government in America. Alexis de Tocqueville later penned a book entitled 'Democracy in America'. In this work the French scholar expressed concern that majority rule could lead to tyranny, that those more numerous could use their political clout to persecute those in the minority.
In Canada we have no need for such concerns, it is tyranny of the minority that should worry us.
The Toronto Sun recently published a point counterpoint column debating the issue of deporting U.S. war resisters, versus letting them remain here in Canada. It sparked a lively debate as evidenced by the letters to the editor the paper received.
Obviously this is an issue which stirs a lot of passion, and that's good. But in the end a decision must be made. In a democratic society, with elected representatives responsible to their constituents, decisions should be based on the principle of majority rule. Some might try to argue that some decisions are too complex to be left to the whim of the electorate, or their duly chosen agents in government. But obviously anyone taking that tack does not believe in a democracy.
Which brings me back to the issue of U.S. Iraq war resisters and their efforts to seek asylum in Canada. Proponents of deporting these individuals back to the U.S. make some valid points, as do those who advocate for letting them stay. Everyone is entitled to their opinion, but in the final analysis any decision should be based on democratic principles and practices.
That's not what is happening in Canada.
Its not my wish to rehash the debate here, its been going on for a long time and both sides are pretty entrenched in their views. But whether you're for or against granting these people refuge in Canada, I think that we can all agree on the virtues of upholding democratic principles.
Just last year our House of Commons was presented with a motion which called upon the government to:
“...immediately implement a program to allow conscientious objectors and their immediate family members (partners and dependents), who have refused or left military service related to a war not sanctioned by the United Nations and do not have a criminal record, to apply for permanent resident status and remain in Canada.”
Individuals are free to agree or disagree, but the simple fact is that this motion passed with majority support. The same majority support in our House of Commons that allowed Harper's Conservatives to go back on promises about fixed election dates and taxation of income-trusts. Majority rule, don't have to like every decision, but we should cherish these ideals.
There's a lot of things I don't like about Stephen Harper, that's par for the course with any politician. Some people will like certain members of parliament, while other will not. But at the end of the day our democratic institutions are more important than any single individual, regardless of the office he or she holds.
Even those who agree with Mr. Harper on the issue of U.S. war resisters, they should be concerned about our PM giving the finger to democracy. Isn't that one of the reasons we're fighting in Afghanistan?
Canadian Blogosphere
Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Why put your child in French Immersion? Points to ponder
As regular visitors know, I like to state my biases up front, so readers will understand a bit about my frame of reference.
I have two children, both of whom attend a French Immersion school. "Buddy", the elder of the two, is going into grade 5. His sister, the Princess Raspberry, is going into senior kindergarten. They both attend the same school, however it should be noted that the kindergarten program is English only. The rest of their school, grades 1-6, is all French immersion.
My son didn't attend a FI school when he was in kindergarten, instead he went to Montessori . The rationale was pretty simple, and while its not easy to admit...the reason was snobbery. My ex-wife and I were of the mindset that the public or Catholic boards, that while they may do a wonderful job, parents are the key to how a child does in school in a majority of cases. And whether public or Catholic, there are parents who view school as a form of daycare.
By enrolling Buddy in a private school we felt assured that the parents of his classmates were very much concerned about learning. Peer pressure counts for a lot, and like many parents we wanted to put our son into a school where he would have the best chances for success.
But when it came time for grade one, we began weighing options. My brother, who's a teacher, suggested French Immersion. Given that I am fairly fluent in the language he said it was a no brainer. Bro said we'd get all the benefits of a private school, without the tuition costs. Obviously parents enrolling their children into a program that will teach them a second language....there's little question about the value they place on education.
We attended an information session at the FI school, and heard their pitch. The principal and some of the teachers presented a very compelling case, and what they talked about is reality.
Firstly, French Immersion is not for every child. School is not just about learning, its a place where children gain social skills, form friendships and learn about life outside of the home. The bottom line though is that children should enjoy themselves at school. Perhaps not all the time, but on balance they should look forward to their days Moday thru Friday, from September to June.
Here are some general guidelines that might prove helpful to parents contemplating whether or not French Immersion is right for their child.
Children who are typically outgoing do better in French Immersion than those who are more introverted. Learning a second language means making mistakes....lots of mistakes. Extroverts tend to be risk takers, while introverts prefer to hang back. But I have seen exceptions, for Buddy's first 3 years I helped out in the classroom once or twice a week with reading...and I know of one very shy and retiring kid who excels.
Is the child excited about learning? From where I sit this is a major factor. Children are far more capable of picking up a second language than adults, their brains are sponges. But if they don't enjoy learning, if the attainment of knowledge doesn't excite could point to problems later.
Another factor is their facility with English. Does the child enjoy language, is book reading a chore or something to be relished? Kids who enjoy tongue twisters and word play will likely be better suited to a FI program.
That's a pretty good starting point, and its one the school shared on orientation night. Students who are outgoing, who enjoy language and reading...and learning in general...there are no assurances of success, however these indicators are a decent barometer. But I'll come back to enjoyment. If after enrolling a child in FI, if he or she hates it...I believe strong consideration should be given to putting her or him into the regular English stream.
For those who think their child might be a good fit...I'll offer up some big advantages.
Some fear that a child learning a second language, that their English will suffer. Nothing could be further from the truth. Learning a second language enhances an individual's ability in their native tongue. Kids in FI gain an understanding of grammar and syntax that English stream children don't learn about until years later. Constructing sentences in French makes children aware of how the English language works.
In English we typically put adjectives in front of the noun, while in French the noun usually comes first. In English we might say:
"I saw a big, red, ancient...."
You don't know what I'm writing about yet do you? It could be a tree, a car, a don't know.
In French one might say:
"J'ai regardé une maison grande, rouge, vieille".
Some consider French more precise because words that modify a noun come first, making it more clear. As Voltaire said: "Si ce n'est pas claire, ce n'est pas francais".
I don't have the stats at hand, but I've been told that FI immersion students score better on provincial English tests than children in the regular stream by grade 6...and I absolutely believe it.
Buddy speaks English better than many kids in high school, and already is aware when the word "like" is overused.
So like, I hope you're, like enjoying this blog, cause like, you know I like really like writing it.
Another benefit is that students with behavioural problems are practically non-existent. While it may seem unfair, its simply unrealistic to expect a child with attention deficit disorder, (ADD) or other challenges to pick up a second language in an immersion environment. Students in FI are lucky in that their teachers don't have the same degree of problems with student management as in the regular stream.
But English or French, regular stream or should enjoy their time learning. I've seen a number of parents pull their kids from FI for this very reason. One of Buddy's classmates is a hyper over achiever, which irks my son to no end...and a mother who is incredibly supportive. But this classmate has a younger brother, who simply hated going to school. His parents made a wise choice in my opinion. They kept their daughter in FI, and moved their son to an English school...and now he is excelling.
Not everyone has an aptitude for languages, that's reality, it doesn't mean one is smarter than the other. Children should be given every opportunity to explore their talents and to seek achievement in things they find fulfilling.
I'm not a big fan of forcing kids who don't like French into wasting a high school credit learning a few words and phrases they'll forget by the time they turn 16, I wrote about it back in January. But French Immersion is a wonderful program that will enrich their entire lives. It isn't for everyone, no different than something like music, but for those its meant for...its wonderful.
Canadian Blogosphere
Saturday, July 25, 2009
Anatomy of a recession...Deny, deny, deny...
So the recession that Jim Flaherty says "nobody saw coming" is already over...uh huh. Anyone believing today's news from Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney, probably believed forecasts of continued surpluses last fall.
In fairness to Mr. Carney, while CBC's headline announces: "Recession over, Bank of Canada says" the governor of Canada's central bank is actually on record as saying:
"We are on track for the recovery both in Canada and globally".
Being 'on track' and actually arriving at a recession free destination are two entirely different things. In financial circles this would be called a 'forward looking statement', something that should not be relied upon.
I don't recall a prediction from the Bank of Canada telling Canadians that our financial train was heading for a recession anytime last year, so I'll take Mark Carney's predictions with a big grain of salt. We'll need to see two consecutive quarters of economic growth for the recession to be officially declared dead, with the bank predicting that will occur late in 2009 and early into 2010...we'll see.
Recessions typically follow a fairly predictable pattern. You'll recall last fall, when concerns about a looming slow down in the economy first started making the rounds. Was there immediate acknowledgment from our political leadership that we were headed for a slow down? Nope...stage one is denial.
When the first signs of recession appear, government officials, (no matter the party in power) typically talk about the fundamental strength of the economy. They have to, to suggest otherwise is to signal to the electorate that 'hey...we messed up'.
Stage two is when recession is being reported as a near certainty. At this point government officials will finally admit that there is stress, but again we'll hear more about the fundamental strength of our economy (we're doing a good job, its not our fault). At this point newspapers start listening for the R word, anxious to hear an admission. The first utterance of the dreaded R word comes with predictions that if there is a recession, that it will be technical in nature only...that we'll have a 'soft landing' and that continued growth can be expected sooner rather than later.
Stage three is the final admission that yes....we're in a recession. But the culture of denial still pervades. There's no denying a recession's existence once the economic data (the last two quarter's economic activity growth vs. decline) has hit the street, now its all about predictions. And the predictions continue to be for a quick return to growth.
The last stage is capitulation, owning up to the reality that the economy is in the toilet. Now is when we finally hear about painful decisions being made, necessary to fight the recession beast. Higher taxes, cuts in services...that sort of thing. And this is actually good news, because it means we can finally expect to see growth again within the next six months or so.
We're nowhere near that point yet.
Canadian Blogosphere
Friday, July 24, 2009
Taking a break for my birthday...
July 24 is my day folks, and I'll be extending it through the weekend. Thanks to everyone who's been visiting and commenting, this has been a good month. It started poorly with a contract position I held coming to an end, but its ending with the start of a new contract back with the LCBO.
And who knows? Maybe now that management has reached a collective bargaining agreement with the union...perhaps they'll start hiring directly. If I was to be offered a full time and permanent position, I might have a decision to make. I'm leaning strongly toward making a radical change in my life, regardless of what happens with me at the LCBO.
I'll be back posting again next week as a 43 year old, so please come back often.
Canadian Blogosphere
Thursday, July 23, 2009
Canada's real estate bubble...poised for collapse
I can already hear the chatter, emanating from home owners and real estate agents far and wide.
"Bubble?!?! What bubble??? Canada's Real Estate market is doing fine, prices aren't rising out of control, they're up only modestly or holding steady. Pick up the paper and read what industry professionals are saying, our housing market is poised for bigger and better things in the years ahead"!!!
Uh huh, I know...every time I've discussed Canada's housing market in the past month or two, the reaction to my view is always the same. About a month ago I blogged on this topic, relating a conversation with a colleague who's going through a divorce. I had suggested to "Bob", that once the marital home is sold, that he'd do well to hold on tight to his cash and rent...with an eye to getting back into the market in another year, if not two.
Bobby didn't listen, I knew he wouldn't. The last words in that blog posting were as follows:
"Bob said he'll think about it...but I just know the media whores are going to get him".
In the final analysis, it wasn't really the "media whores", instead it was Bob's own prejudice towards owning versus renting....ah well.
Bob opted to buy a $220,000 detached little walk up in the same area as the marital home. He's plunking down a whopping $20,000, and amortizing the mortgage over 35 years. He better pray I'm wrong, and I could be....but I don't see how. There's always the chance a gold vein will be discovered on his 30'x90' plot of land, and that he won't soon slide into negative equity. There is always the unforeseen, and in the case of a home purchase...the unseeble offers the only chance of a bullish housing market, because everything we can see is scary.
$220,000 for a small home, barely 1,100 square feet, 3 bedrooms, no dining room, one and one half baths...basement unfinished. Am I the only person in Canada who thinks this is overpriced for a community about one hour north of Toronto? I feel like the guys who were bearish on tech stocks in and around the year 2000.
Look, I realize purchasing a home is about more than dollars and cents. It is quite likely the most emotional purchase an individual can make, with the possible exception of a middle aged man engaging the services of a 'professional' to revive his flagging libido. And that's the key word here, emotion.
When a young couple goes looking for their first home, thoughts about finances can fly quickly out the window. Money concerns are quickly replaced with visions of the family kitchen...of the child's room soon to be occupied by a little one, with a crib and a changing table. It doesn't take long for fear to set in. What if someone else buys "our home"??? Already in their imagination the couple has planned the garden, the furniture, the backyard BBQ parties.
For the sake of simplicity let's focus in on that little detached job north of Toronto that my friend closes on in about a month. While its a divorced father buying it, it could just as easily be a young couple purchasing their first home. Twenty thousand isn't chump change, although it is less than 10% of the purchase price, $220,000.
A mortgage with a 35 year am is going to carry for around $800 per month. Then there's property tax which I'll guesstimate at say $250...add in heat, hydro and insurance, and we'll say the cost of occupancy is $1,200 per month...being generous to the low side. Bob told me an acquaintance of his was looking to rent out a town home, slightly bigger in size...for $1,100 with heat and hydro included. I would wager that for $1,200 or so per month one could find decent rental accommodation an hour north of the big smoke, so there are other options.
Now obviously when someone buys a home, they're typically not looking to flip it in the short term...I'm not talking about RE speculators here. The idea is to live in it and build equity, and given that this is a small move up in the market in a few years. Okay...sounds reasonable. But is there legitimate reason for worry here?
You bet!
Bob is in a similar situation to a young couple buying their first home, depleting almost all his savings for a down payment. There are any number of situations which can cause a person to have a sudden need for cash. With the economy being what it is, job loss is certainly a possibility for many. Or what if the something happens to the car, or the roof. I don't mean to sound alarmist, but sound financial planning dictates the need for a rainy day fund that's accessible.
And when you take a close look, $20,000 worth of equity in a home valued at $220,000 is really no equity at all. If a sudden catastrophic need for cash arises there is always the possibility of selling. But with real estate and lawyer fees you're looking at 'at least' $15,000. All of a sudden that $20,000 in equity is whittled down to just $5,000.
And that $5,000 won't even be around when the air starts coming out of the real estate bubble.
Yeah, yeah, I hear ya....
"Again with the bubble
, there is no bubble!!! CANADA'S HOUSING MARKET IS NOT A BUBBLE"!!!
Yes it is.
Back in the fall of 2008, when Canadians were busy going to the polls to elect a new government (well some of us anyway) fear took hold of the Canadian economy. The bubble that was the energy market collapsed, with the world price for oil plummeting from a high of $140 a barrel all the way down to around the 40 dollar mark. Remember all those people who said that oil would still be cheap at $150? They're probably the same ones now telling us that the housing market has stabilized and that its geared for growth.
Back in the fall housing sales fell off the map, and prices did start to dip slightly. Amid fears of depression and bank failures Canada's government (in tandem with other nations) moved boldly to repair the hole in our housing market. The solution? Dirt cheap credit. Rates were dropped so low, the only way they could drop further would be if lenders paid people to borrow.
And it worked, the housing market recovered. I'm not talking about a market boom like the late 70's and very early 80's...housing was already grossly overpriced when prices started to dip. Just stabilization and even some bidding wars in hot spots like Vancouver.
So why am I predicting a market "collapse"? Well...firstly, collapse might be too strong a word, although it probably got your attention. Collapse though is a matter of perspective. I do think the broader Canadian real estate market will see prices falling by around 10% come next spring/summer, and dropping perhaps as much as 25% in the year following.
For the real "Bob" and the fictitious young couple buying that $220,000 walk-up, this could be seen as a catastrophe. A ten per cent drops wipes out all their equity, and a drop of 25 puts them deep into negative equity...owing more on a home than what it's worth.
Canada's economy is bleeding jobs, this is a fact. Interests rates are at their lowest levels EVER, and that means there is only one direction for them to move, UP. As rates climb affordability drops, and combined with rising unemployment we're looking at the perfect storm for housing prices to drop like they did in the 80's when interest rates started climbing.
On top of all this, these 35 year mortgages being handed out to buyers putting down very little, or nothing at all...they're being insured by our government through CMHC (Canada Mortgage and Housing). Thanks to the AIGs of the world, everyone now understands the dangers of toxic debt, the threat of 'asset backed commercial paper'. Our government can say all it wants about maintaining services without raising taxes, anyone with half a brain knows that's an impossibility.
Bob is like investors who borrowed money to buy into oil after it hit $100 a barrel and kept climbing. Will it get there again? Absolutely, and for those who were smart and waited for the collapse the rewards will be huge. Same as they will be for home buyers who keep their emotions in check and wait out the market over the next 12-24 months.
One last note. If you wish to question my predictions, that's fine. I'll just ask that you wait until January of 2010, bookmark this post if you wish. In the near term markets can be volatile, no matter how fundamentally flawed a particular commodity may be. Even a lousy hockey team can go on a 5 or 6 game winning streak. But that doesn't mean they're going to make the playoffs.
Talk to you in January and beyond, I'll be bragging.
Canadian Blogosphere
Wednesday, July 22, 2009
Harper looking to God, hoping the Christian Right stays on side.
I was planning to write on the pending collapse of Canada's real estate bubble, but came across something a bit more current. I still intend to offer up some analysis about why home values are poised to drop, but I don't see that slide being truly evident until later this year and into early 2010.
What caught my eye? Another surfing session at bloggingtories lead me to reading "Business. Church. Politics" Kevin R. Bourne's blog. His most recent posting is titled: "Christian Heritage Party of Canada- A Viable Option? It reminded me of something I'd written about in February: Will Christian Right Stick With Harper's Conservatives?
I'm not interested in going over the same ground again, so rather I'd like to approach this question from the perspective of a fundamentalist Christian, also frequently referred to as born again or evangelical.
I believe readers deserve to know of an author's biases up front, so here are mine. While I identify myself as being Christian, I in no way consider myself to be an Evangelical, or a fundamentalist. With that being said I have attended numerous Churches such as Pentecostal and Baptist which typically identify themselves as being 'faith based'. As such I believe I have a pretty strong understanding of the Christian frame of reference.
Is the Christian Heritage Party a viable option? That's the question being posed by Mr. Bourne, who incidentally lists among his many accomplishments that of being an ordained minister. In his writing, Reverend Bourne opines that..."they should consider a partnership with the Conservative Party". I must disagree, not from a political perspective, but rather from a religious one.
In his blog the author offers up the Old Testament story of Joseph and the Pharaoh, for those less familiar with Biblical teaching you may wish to reference Andrew Lloyd Weber's ' Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat'. Joseph brought solutions to the problems facing Egypt, and as such was able to attain a high political post, courtesy of a grateful Egyptian monarch.
But Joseph did not seek out high office, it was granted to him because of his faithful adherence and belief in the God of Abraham. Joseph never compromised his beliefs or his faith. The questions a fundamentalist Christian voter should be asking in my opinion, are these.
Do I compromise on my religious beliefs, and vote with a larger party that has a more legitimate chance of attaining power?
Rather than vote for a party which is true to Christian teaching, should I vote for a larger party that comes closest to them?
Pastor Bourne seems to think that political expediency should trump faithfulness to one's beliefs. Obviously the Conservatives, as currently constructed, have a better chance of electing sizable numbers when compared to a party like the CHP. But is that what Christianity is about? Did Jesus instruct his disciples to ignore His teachings so as to obtain power and influence?
Canada's fundamentalist, evangelical Christian population has certainly found a home with Stephen Harper's party. But if significant enough numbers remained true to their faith and voted with the CHP, this small fringe party might very well be able to elect enough members to have the Christian voice heard in government. Like Joseph with the Pharaoh, Christians remaining faithful to their core beliefs and to the teachings of Jesus might very well be blessed, as Joseph was blessed.
What issues are of importance to Canadians who believe strongly in the Gospel of Jesus Christ and the teachings of the Bible? One that is certainly front and centre right now is that of homosexuality. For those who accept Biblical teaching as literal fact and absolute truth, it must be very disconcerting to see their tax dollars being used to celebrate that which is considered a sinful and unnatural lifestyle.
Already Stephen Harper's Tories have funded Toronto's Gay Pride festival, as well as similar events in cities across Canada. Sure they denied funding to Montreal's Gay Arts festival, but they have not repudiated their earlier decisions. In an effort to avoid controversy Montreal's organizers were simply told there were too many events applying for funding.
To me it reeks of hypocrisy, something Jesus was none too keen on. Like the Pharisees of the Gospels, Harper and his ilk seem anxious to appear devout, but in reality it strikes me that they're merely paying lip service to their socially conservative base. I strongly suspect Montreal's funding would have gone through had it not been for Saskatchewan MP Brad Trost taking the issue to a socially conservative news service.
With news out that Stephen Harper's Conservatives were doling out big cheques to festivals and such across Canada, festivals that celebrate: Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender (GLBT) lifestyles....damage control was needed. Montreal had its funding denied and Diane Ablonczy was sacrificed on the altar of political expediency.
That's the operative word here in the final analysis, 'expediency'. Firm adherence to Christian beliefs and principles has never been Stephen Harper's political forte. If it were I don't see how he could have fired the first stone in Liberal leader Michael Ignatieff's direction during his trip to Italy. Stones thrown without provocation, ...striking back at the cheek of an academic who questioned Canada's relevance at the G8...not those of the Liberal leader.
Am I suggesting that Michael Ignatieff is more of a Christian than Harper? Absolutely not, in my opinion they are both cut of the same cloth...they're both politicians.
So again I'll return to expediency. Are voters who identify themselves as believers in the true Gospel going to continue to support Harper? Or will they turn to the Christian Heritage Party, a political party in keeping with Evangelical tenets?
In the final analysis some will choose to serve two masters. Some will proclaim fidelity to their Christian beliefs, while holding their noses and voting for Harper's Conservatives in the hope of attaining political power. While others who opt for the CHP will refuse to compromise on their faith.
The only question is: Will Canada's true Christian party garner enough votes to elect any members? Christian voters who refuse to compromise can be thankful that federal funding of political parties is still in place. At least then, even though the CHP may not elect many (or any) members, they'll at least receive increased funding to make their message heard.
I'm sure many Christians would rather see their tax dollars being used to spread the Gospel as opposed to promoting Gay lifestyles.
Canadian Blogosphere
Tuesday, July 21, 2009
Stuck between a rock and hard place, Conservatives cancel funding to Montreal gay arts festival
Stephen Harper and the Conservatives can't win right now. They're stuck between placating their religious right base, and reaching out to more liberal minded urban dwellers.
Its pretty much a foregone conclusion that without the Bible thumping crowd, their chances at forming a majority in a future election is toast. Hence this news that Montreal's gay and lesbian arts festival was denied funding under the marquee tourism program should come as no surprise. Irrespective of the fact that they met all the requirements and had been led to believe the funding was in place.
Paul Girard, the festival's government relations and marketing director, is quoted in the above linked article as saying that when he phoned to check on the status of the funding, that he was told the program had received so many requests, 'the government simply had to make a choice'.
Uh huh. They had to choose between losing support from the evangelical crowd, or losing votes among French homosexuals.
The French queers lost...big surprise. Like the Tories were really going to score big with that constituency in any case.
Canadian Blogosphere
Big government, small government, which is better? That depends on one's perspective
I've taken to scanning some sites listed at bloggingtories because I like to see what issues are being discussed, and to read varying points of view. As with just about any blogging group, I've come across some that I believe to be very well written and reasonable in terms of approach. And I've seen others that have very little to offer, aside from jingoism and juvenile partisan banter.
Most though fall somewhere in the middle, with Gerry Nicholls' blog 'Making Sense with Nicholls' being a prime example. Nicholls, for those who aren't aware, is a former colleague of Prime Minister Stephen Harper from their days with the National Citizens Coalition. The NCC is a neo-conservative think tank which opines on many issues, such as health care, through a decidedly libertarian lens. Nicholls is also the author of, Loyal to the Core: Stephen Harper, Me and the NCC, a book frequently referenced by political commentators.
In a recent posting Mr. Nicholls offered up his views on the virtues of smaller government. The Toronto Star published a column extolling the virtues of "progressive conservatism" with government playing an active role in Canadian society. Stephen Harper's former colleague responded to the column with a letter to the editor which the Star ran. He provides his readers with that response, which says in part:
Big government, after all, means high taxes, burdensome regulations and bureaucrats meddling in the private sector, all of which hamper productivity, retard economic growth and undermine our standard of living. True progress only comes when government is small and when it respects the freedom of entrepreneurs to innovate and create wealth.
I don't agree with Mr. Nicholls, but my disagreement is probably the result of having a different frame of reference, or perspective. I do think Gerry makes some valid points, but the conclusion he draws from them is off the mark for the majority of Canadians in my opinion.
Does bigger government mean higher taxes? Of course it does, the creation of agencies and programs requires funding by way of taxation. Do these agencies with their bureaucrats meddle in the private sector? Yes they do. And it is certainly reasonable to suggest that this meddling does in fact hamper productivity.
But does it retard economic growth and undermine our standard of living? Is government only progressive when it is small, respecting the freedom of entrepreneurs to innovate and create wealth?
Not from where this blogger sits.
I can give a current example, that of locked out and subsequently terminated Cadillac Fairview employees. According to the news I've seen on the subject, unionized workers at the Toronto Dominion Centre have filed a grievance with the Ontario Labour Relations Board, saying:
"I didn't think this company's tactics could sink any lower..."
We'll have to wait for the actual hearing as well as possible appeals before a decision is rendered of course. But that is irrelevant to the debate over bigger versus smaller government. A labour relations board is obviously an example of what Mr. Nicholls calls..."burdensome regulations and bureaucrats meddling in the private sector".
Without the "burden" of having to answer to a government agency, supported by our tax dollars...companies like Cadillac Fairview would be able to dismiss employees with impunity. Fired workers would have no recourse in this NCC world of progress. Business corporations and entrepreneurs would be free to chase wealth and profits without fear of repercussions.
Those of a libertarian bent might try to argue that with smaller government and fewer regulations, that the wealth being created would surly 'trickle down' to the lowly hourly waged workers. That argument holds very little water, 'trickle down economics' does not work. Wealth stays concentrated at the top and wage earners see their standard of living eroding and their lives regressing...not progressing.
Business is hyper competitive, and the power of the all mighty dollar unfortunately trumps more humanitarian concerns. Like old Fezzywig of Scrooge fame....those who treat their workers well and espouse the view that 'money isn't everything' soon find themselves out of business. Their former employees forced to seek employment elsewhere with leaner and lower paying competitors.
As I stated at the beginning, its a matter of perspective and frame of reference. For an entrepreneur seeking bigger and better returns on a business venture...smaller government with less regulation would be an absolute boon. From this narrow viewpoint it could be seen as progressive. But for the larger part of the population, the vast majority in point of fact, it would be incredibly regressive.
Maybe the hyper successful Scrooges, like those with Cadillac Fairview, would have a dream induced epiphany. But in the end it was government regulation and control which brought increased prosperity and progression to the Tiny Tims of this world.
Canadian Blogosphere
Monday, July 20, 2009
Lots of lame excuses for not voting
Canada is a democracy, for most that means citizens are able to select the individuals who represent us in government, be it at the federal, provincial or municipal levels. In point of fact Canadians have five levels of government, in addition to the aforementioned three, there are also elections to select regional representatives and school trustees.
Western style liberal democracy typically assumes certain rights and freedoms, including the right to vote. Of course its not a perfect system, we've all heard the oft recited bromide that goes something like 'democracy is the worst form of government, but its better than all the others'. That's a statement with which I whole heartily agree.
For me the central point, the cornerstone, the supporting column of our participation. Participation can take many forms, from placing one's name on a ballot and actually aspiring to elected office, to simply taking the time to go behind a partition and mark an X. Canadian citizens have the right to join established parties, or to found their own. We can run as a candidate, or volunteer to help elect an individual we think worthy. Or we can simply vote, the choice is ours.
But as many are aware by now, nearly 10 million Canadians decided not to participate in our democracy at the federal level this past October. Over 40% of Canadians made the decision to not vote at all.
Why? How is it that the so many Canadians didn't take the time to partake in our democracy's most fundamental privelege?
In my last blog entry I had the temerity to express an opinion, that with Canadian soldiers fighting and dying on the other side of the world, that those of us safe at home had an obligation to exercise our franchise. I went so far as to say that not voting is akin to spitting on the graves of our fallen soldiers, with 125 now having made the ultimate sacrifice in Afghanistan.
Then the excuses came.
Anonymous commented that the choosing of candidates is imprecise. That candidates frequently lie, or are beholden to special interests who bankrolled their campaigns. This non-voter then went into a long winded analogy about shopping, about how she/he wants to be able to pick and choose on the issues...the same way one puts only the items they want into their shopping cart. Ergo if no one candidate matches your views exactly, then not voting is reasonable.
Bull Sugar!!!
Have we become so self centred that compromise and reasonable accommodation is impossible? Societies such as our's never would have come into being with this degree of narcissistic behaviour. This "I want it all" mind set is the height of greed and reeks of the way spoiled children behave. If I can't have exactly what I want in a candidate, then I'm not voting at all.
Parkadeboy took exception to my use of our fallen soldiers...saying:
My brother in law is currently serving in Afghanistan in the Canadian Armed forces. He is 28. He has NEVER voted in his life!! He says that he doesn't trust politicians! He is there because he has a keen sense of adventure and his tour of duty has nothing to do with his desire to bring 'democracy' to the Afghans.
My response is this. Citizens in our society are fortunate to have the right to decide whether or not they wish to join the military, a right that does not exist in many countries. An individual can decide to join, or not to join...that is the right of the individual held up by our constitution, supported by our courts and enshrined in law by our elected officials. There are many rights and freedoms enjoyed by the citizens of this great nation, but sadly many take them for doubt some of our soldiers fall into that category as well.
I won't appolgize for, "flag waving rhetoric such as spitting on the graves" parkadeboy. Those individuals wearing our nation's uniform represent us, they do so proudly and with honour. They represent our beliefs, institutions and ideals...and Canada is a democratic country, shaped by the laws and policies of our elected officials.
To Chrystal Ocean who said in part:
...half of us choose not to vote for reasons including disgust with politicos and disgust with our representative democracy whose voting system ensures it is in fact NON-representative.
COcean, Canadians can help vote a politician into elected office, and we can help to vote him or her out as well. As for our system being "non-representative", I'll get to that in a bit as its a theme touched on by another blog dog.
Skinny Dipper chimed in with this:
If we get rid of our antiquated First-Past-the-Post voting system and change to some kind of proportional voting system, I would be happy to vote. Canada's voting system is bogus; I refuse to participate in the charade of voting just to please some dead soldier.
"Some kind of proportional voting system"??? Okay...what kind would you like? What if it doesn't fit with what spoiled brat 'Anonymous' wants in his shopping cart? Maybe we could have millions of different voting systems, and then settle it by rock paper scissors? Of course our system isn't perfect, nothing constructed of human hands or ingenuity ever is. Hearing comments like this makes me wonder why some don't move to a country ruled by a dictator. We love our freedom of expression, but thumb our noses at the institutions which created and protect such freedoms.
ADHR had this to say:
If someone gives me something, then it becomes mine. I can do what I like with it. I can treat it badly, I can treat it well, I can use it effectively and decently, or I can set it on fire and smash it to pieces. That's what makes it mine. If I'm still obligated to someone else, if I have to take their views into account, then it's not really mine: it's theirs.
My response ADHR is this. That which can be given can also be taken away...and has been throughout the course of human history. Canadians are lucky to have been endowed with something very precious, the right to vote. If we treat it badly, set it on fire and smash it...then we never deserved it in the first place.
Skinny Dipper then chimed in a second time bemoaning a lack of true representation, as Ms. Ocean had before...saying that:
The autocrats run Canada. And they want to pretend to call Canada a democracy.
The autocrats can try to run Canada, that is their right. Those of us opposed to Canada being governed by certain elites or interest groups can mount our own soapboxes and make our voices heard about the way we want Canada run, that is our right. Everyone thinks they're right and the other party is wrong, well maybe not 'everyone' but certainly a lot of people. Sometimes you'll win, sometimes you'll lose.
Democracy is a never ending battle, but when we stop fighting...and stop voting...that's when we lose. Some have tossed in the towel, I haven't.
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Sunday, July 19, 2009
Every person who doesn't vote is spitting on our soldiers' graves...
I've already expressed my opinion on the war in Afghanistan, that the U.S. led invasion is more about resources and geopolitics than democracy and human rights. But my view on the war's ultimate purpose in no way diminishes the high regard I have for our men and women in uniform. I do believe we are in Kandahar province because that region is of vital importance for a long planned gas pipeline. And while all the soldiers I have spoken with are aware of this fact, that's not the reason they're serving.
Our soldiers ARE there to improve the lives of the Afghan people. Our soldiers want to see girls attending school. They are proud to be working toward the establishment of a democratic Afghanistan.
And in doing this job on behalf of all Canadians, 125 have made the ultimate sacrifice.
Yet in this country, where we hold our democratic ideals in such high regard, nearly 10,000,000 people didn't even bother voting in our last federal election. That is a joke!!! In fact its worse than a joke, it is the ultimate in disrespect.
If our fighting men and women are willing to travel to the other side of the world to uphold the virtues of our democratic society, we citizens remaining safely behind can at least have the decency to honour their commitment by taking an hour or so out of our day to mark a ballot.
I don't care if one's leanings are right or left, libertarian or Marxist, hyper political or a-political. Canadians have a responsibility to inform themselves of the options available, and then to make a choice and exercise their franchise.
Every citizen of this country who is eligible to vote, and doesn't...they're spitting on the graves of every soldier who has died in the service of our nation's armed forces.
If you have friends, family or acquaintances who've told you that they don't vote, send them this. Cut and paste it, email it, share it, whatever...I don't care. Its disgusting that anyone should have to be shamed into exercising a right that many on this planet have died for, but if that's what it takes so be it.
Canadian Blogosphere
Bloody well done old man, Tom Watson - British Open runner up
I couldn't resist blogging about golf after Tom Watson held the 2 day lead at the British Open. After Friday's round I offered up the opinion that I believed Watson could contend right through til Sunday with a legitimate shot at winning, and the old guy proved me right.
British Open golf - C'mon Watson, win one for us old warriors
It was all right there for him on the 18th hole, a one shot lead and a perfectly placed tee shot in the middle of the fairway...only needing an 8 or 9 iron to reach the putting surface. Some might suggest he choked, but I don't think so. He went with the 8, and even at 59 years of age there's adrenalin pulsing through the veins. The 8 was too much combined with that adrenalin, and while the ball was near perfectly struck, it went long. I was praying the 8-9 footer he'd left himself for par would go in...and that the championship would be his, but it wasn't to be. Instead I'd have to endure watching him in a 4 hole playoff against Stewart Cink.
I won't bother recapping the 4 playoff holes, if you're a fan of the game, then you saw it. It was painful to watch, not because Watson embarrassed himself or anything...just because I was pulling for him so hard.
The television commentators mentioned a few times over the course of Saturday's and Sunday's rounds that some were questioning golf's legitimacy as a sport, when a 59 year old man can compete for a major championship. That's a load of rot. Golf is unique, and while it is not as physically demanding as almost every other is not a country stroll either. Players walk about 5 miles each day of a tournament, and while one or two of those marches aren't too difficult for a guy near 60, I'm sure that by the 3rd and 4th day he was getting tired.
Golf is physical, its mental...and even a little bit spiritual. In the final equation Tom Watson had enough of the latter two components, but physically its a lot to ask of a guy in his 60th year.
But he held it together for 4 days, and it took a playoff to beat him...when he shouldn't have even been there by any measure of logic. Well done, see you next year at St. Andrew's Tom.
Canadian Blogosphere
Stephen Harper's strategy - Counting on voter ignorance
Stephen Harper is turning into the Homer J. Simpson of Canadian politics. Avid fans of 'The Simpsons' may recall an episode where Homer decided to run for the position of Sanitation Commissioner. The incumbent was more than competent, but Homer was able to win in a landslide by using the slogan:
"Can't Someone Else Do It"
Springfield's resident moron promised to beef up garbage collection with sanitation workers doing all the icky jobs people hate. And he delivered on his promise, bankrupting and utterly destroying the town in the process.
Of course 'The Simpsons' is just a satirical cartoon. But good satire is based at least on some fact. And just as Homer was able to play on the ignorance of voters, Stephen Harper is hoping to do the same's worked for him before.
During the last election Harper and company ignored the economic storm clouds on the nation's horizon. We were promised continued surpluses for the federal treasury, and continued reductions in our taxes. That he only managed to win a minority shows that Canadians aren't as dumb as the Prime Minister was hoping.
He was more successful playing to the ignorant amongst us when his government was facing defeat late in 2008. With the prospect of a Liberal NDP coalition taking his place Harper went into full rant telling everyone that: 'You don't get to be Prime Minister after losing an election'. He didn't stop there, he referred to the potential partnership of his political rivals as 'a coup', an overthrow of a democratically elected government.
That none of what he said was true didn't matter, enough people bought it, and public support for the coalition tanked. Readers who aren't in need of a remedial civics lesson know that Canadians don't elect a Prime Minister. We elect Members of Parliament to represent individual ridings across the country. Even the people in Harper's Calgary riding didn't elect him as PM, they chose him as their local representative.
The party with the most seats after an election forms the government. And the person chosen by that party's members as leader assumes the office of Prime Minister. If the governing party has a minority of the seats, then they have to garner the support of one or more of the opposition parties to ensure a working government. If they're unable, the government is defeated, and two possibilities exist. An election can be called, or the Governor General can call on the leader of another party (typically the one with the second most seats) to form a government, provided they can demonstrate that they have the confidence (or support of the majority) of the house.
That's all history now of course, and totally moot in any case. Harper was able to whine and yell loud enough that the GG granted his request for Parliament to be put on time out. Ignatieff came in as leader of the official opposition and quickly put the notion of a coalition to rest. Which leaves us in our current state, with Harper governing as if an election is coming any day now.
And that brings us back to the original Homer J. Simpson comparison, and how Stephen Harper is playing to the ignorance of the voting populace.
Stephen is telling us what he thinks we want to hear, that government services won't be cut, and that taxes won't be raised. Sounds wonderful doesn't it? Too bad its irresponsible and dangerous. The Conservatives aren't trying to run the country responsibly, they're trying to get re-elected, the consequences be damned.
Expenditures are up, and revenues are down....that's why we're going to be looking at a deficit of some $50 billion this year. And it just keeps piling on, 5 years down the road projections have that total swelling to $150 billion, and possibly even more.
But do Canadians really care? Stephen Harper is banking on enough of us being ignorant to the long term consequences of his "plan". Of course it really isn't a plan at all, unless he's intentionally trying to destroy the country.
Imagine a single income family with no savings and tons of bills. The bread winner comes home and says he's been forced to take a 25% cut in his wages. Fearful that his wife will leave him he says:
"Don't worry honey....we're going to maintain exactly the same lifestyle irrespective of our financial situation".
If the wife in this scenario is smart she'd give serious consideration to packing up...that or looking at some therapy for her spouse.
Here's the script the Tories will be following in the coming months, borrowed heavily from John McCain's failed bid for the U.S. presidency.
Get ready for Harper to start decrying Michael Ignatieff and the other parties as tax raising spend thrifts. When we're not hearing some quote of Iggy's from 10 years ago, we'll be hearing about the Liberal leader's acknowledgement that taxes may need to be increased down the road because of all the debt we're racking up now.
Again I'll ask the question. Do Canadians really care?
Are we so self centred and detached that we fail to realize that we belong to a society? Do we understand that when politicians promise things like increased military spending, more money for health care, a beefed up law and order agenda...Do we get that these things cost money?
Harper is hoping that Canadians will believe that we can have our cake and eat it too. That he can deliver the world, without it costing us an extra dime. And if he succeeds Canadians will go back to seeing ever increasing portions of our tax dollars going into the black hole that is interest charges.
Do Canadians really want to see 25 cents and then 30, 40 and 50 cents of every dollar we give Ottawa...doing nothing except paying for the excesses of an ego maniac consumed with maintaining power?
My faith is that Canadians are smarter than the residents of Springfield.
Canadian Blogosphere
Saturday, July 18, 2009
Cadillac Fairview locks out union employees, then fires them. Where's the MSM?
I came across some news about a month ago, that Cadillac Fairview had locked out a number of its unionized employees after contract negotiations had broken down. It wasn't on radio or TV, and I didn't read about it in the paper. I found out about it through the social networking site facebook. At the time I did a search for a news source on the Internet, but came up totally I forgot about it.
Today I received another message on facebook, this one telling me that the locked out unionized workers had been terminated. Included this time was a CNW press release from the employee's union: The Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada (CEP).
The press release says in part:
What I find very interesting is that Cadillac Fairview is wholly owned by the Ontario Teacher's Pension Plan, they bought the commercial property developer back in 1999. Given that Ontario's teachers are unionized themselves, I wonder how they'd feel about a contract offer that called for job cuts and for teachers to re-apply for their jobs.
As regular readers will be aware, while I try to be fair minded and sympathies typically lean toward honest working stiffs. I have no issue with employees organizing collectively to enhance their bargaining power and to achieve a better standard of living. As a side note, I used to work in a CF building, one of the Toronto Eaton Centre office towers (TEC Towers). Its going back a few years (2000-2003) but in the two plus years I worked there, the buildings were extremely well maintained.
There's not much else to go on right now, and few sources for information. I've joined the worker's facebook group, and I found a blog called The Real CF News. There is a hearing scheduled for the end of the month with Ontario's Labour Relations Board, and I'll be keeping an eye on this.
If the union's allegations are proven true, I'll be altering my shopping habits. Cadillac Fairview owns a ton of shopping malls in Canada, in addition to the Eaton Centre their holdings include: the Erin Mills Town Centre, Sherway Gardens, and a host of others across the Greater Toronto Area. Cadillac Fairview is a multi billion dollar corporation, and this trend toward replacing decently paid unionized workers with contract employees making survival wages and no benefits concerns me.
I'm sure the Neo Conservative right wingers will be all over this in no time...they seem to love seeing union workers losing decently remunerative jobs that provide some security and a dental plan.
Canadian Blogosphere
Regular readers of this blog can be excused for thinking that the only thing I really care about is politics. While I do admit to being a political junkie, I do in fact have other interests.
One of those interests is sports, both playing and watching. I've played hockey, baseball, basketball, a bit of rugby and some football. I used to play a decent game of tennis and I've even tried curling on one occasion.
But the sport I'm going to be focusing in on for the next couple of days is golf, specifically the British Open. I haven't had my sticks out for a couple of years now, but watching Tom Watson these past two days has me thinking about cleaning them off for a go at the driving range.
Why am I finding this year's British Open so captivating? Well...naturally there's the thrill of watching the world's best golfers challenge for the claret jug at the birthplace of the game. But its more than that this year. This year its about Tom Watson, 59 years young and leading after play on Friday.
Its not just about Tom Watson the golfer, its more about Tom Watson the metaphor. No matter what the sport, I've always enjoyed watching the aging warrior, reaching back into his bag of tricks, trying to sneak one past father time.
I was in Exhibition Stadium the first game knuckleballer Phil Neikro pitched for Toronto. He was somewhere around 48 years of age, up on the mound trying to confound hitters with a flutter ball. He was picked up late in the season by the Jays in 1987 as a fifth starter. That night at the old ballpark something like 40,000 fans showed up to watch him work. I remember him being quoted in the paper the following day, saying something like, "I can't believe that many people came out to watch an old man throw floater balls".
But they did, for the same reason that many people will be drawn to the British Open on Saturday and Sunday if Tom Watson can stay in contention.
Why are we so fascinated? I think the reason is simple, its because we're all mortals. The moment we draw our first breath is the moment we start dying. I don't mean to sound morbid, that's not my intent. But we're all 'on the clock' as it were. Trying to squeeze as much as we can out of the time we have on this Earth.
Seeing someone of Tom Watson's age, competing with men much younger...some old enough to be his grandchildren, its exhilarating. If Tom can do it, dammit so can I...and you, and you, and you. Sure he has an artificial hip, and maybe he hasn't won a major championship in something like 30 years. But maybe...just maybe.
Logic dictates that this is just an aberration, that reality will eventually set in during the final two rounds. But life isn't always logical, sometimes life is spiritual.
The human spirit operates beyond the calendar, it can soar in a 90 year old and whither in a teenager. Age isn't everything, that's something we all know but have trouble believing. You hear it all the time, "age is just a number". But numbers are real and tangible things, and very hard to ignore. Can Tom Watson ignore his age over the final two days?
Golf is a physical game certainly, but more than most other competitive pursuits, its a mental game. Can this ancient warrior forget about his birth certificate and summon up the spirit to contend and possibly win come Sunday? I think he can.
I've played sports, and there have been moments when everything just clicks. When the brain shuts off and its like you're watching the game as an outsider. But its you making an unbelievable pass, a brilliant deke, a perfectly executed shot. That's the spiritual aspect of sports, when you connect with something and find yourself doing things you didn't think you physically could.
Tom Watson seems to understand that, he's quoted as saying that the spirits are with him this year, and I think he's right. I know my spirit will be with him, along with many others. Forget the numbers Tom, just play the game.
For those of you who aren't fans of the game of golf, but who read to the end regardless, I'm going to leave you with a little treat. Its a video of Robin Williams explaining the origins of the game of golf. Chances are anyone who's ever played the game has seen this clip, but if you haven't its priceless.
Canadian Blogosphere
Friday, July 17, 2009
Now is the summer of Harper's discontent...
Ahhhh summer! A time to kick back and relax, weekends spent at the cottage or camp site, burgers and hot dogs on the bbq. A time to leave our problems behind as we bask in the warm sun.
Stephen Harper's summer got off to a glorious start. Michael Ignatieff had backed himself into a corner by threatening to topple the Harper led Conservatives. The Bloc and NDP were on-side....the puck was on Iggy's stick, all he had to do was shoot. But then the leader of the official opposition back tracked, deciding to cycle the puck rather than taking a shot on net.
It made Iggy look weak, his protestations to the contrary notwithstanding. He'd threatened the governing Tories with defeat if they didn't address his concerns. Harper said no, but tossed a small bone to the Liberals in allowing them to sit in on discussions about the future of EI. The summer was looking almost perfect for Conservative supporters.
Stevie was off to Italy for the G8 meetings, a chance to look all Prime Ministerial on the world stage for the hosers back home. A stop at the Vatican to visit the Pope would make for a great photo-op. All was going according to plan. Soon the Liberals would be knocked back in the polls, the result of Iggy's failed ultimatum and Tory attack ads making the rounds.
Why did that priest have to offer him a communion wafer at Romeo Leblanc's funeral? In fairness to the PM this should really have been a non-issue. Did he eat the wafer or pocket it? He says he ate it, okay. But doesn't he know communion in the RC church is only for confirmed members? Why wasn't the priest properly instructed? Okay, there was some damage....but like a rainy day in July, you know the sun is coming out soon. And besides this wasn't a downpour, more of a light drizzle.
Then the heavy rains came, and kept on coming.
Toronto's Gay Pride festivities received $400,000 in stimulus funding. Big deal. Well...for Harper's Religious Right base this is a very big deal. Backbench MP Brad Trost went running to a socially conservative news service to assure the Bible thumpers that the government wasn't going to let something like this happen without there being some consequences. Diane Ablonczy, who was handling the file, had her responsibilities stripped for handing over the cash according to this Saskatchewan MP.
Out the window goes all the effort at appealing to Canada's moderate urban voters, nice job Brad. It reeked of the old Reform/Alliance days when Ontario proved a wasteland for Canada's conservative movement. Worse, it makes the Harper Tories look like a house divided against itself. You can just picture Liberal strategists salivating at the prospect of western reformers and eastern progressives within the party gouging each other's eyes out.
Okay...okay, its been raining for a week now, but surely the sun is coming out soon!
Sorry Stephen, the next gaffe was all your own. A misattributed quote caused our pit bullish Prime Minister to froth at the mouth in front of the world's cameras in Italy. Harper couldn't resist the opportunity to attack Ignatieff over comments made by some academic...only thing was, the academic in question wasn't Ignatieff. Even if the words had been Iggy's, the G8 conference was no place to launch a partisan attack. The fact that the words weren't Ignatieff's only made matters worse.
Talk about Chevy Chase 'Vacation' type material. I doubt many would have blamed our Prime Minister if he packed up the station wagon and headed back home. Strap Aunt Edna to the roof and don't stop driving til you're back at 24 Sussex Steve.
Thankfully he got a bit of a reprieve from the republicansforignatieff website, but not much. Tom Flannagan chipped in by calling the Liberals a bunch of whiners. Maybe, just maybe the sun would finally come out?
Uh uh....the rain keeps pounding.
The press is full of economist projections about how the Conservatives are managing the economy, and the projections aren't good. While finance minister Jim Flaherty was busy trying to tell the street that "all is well", others like Dale Orr of Economic Insight were backing the words of Kevin Page, parliament's budget watch dog. Page is warning Canadians that the deficit the Tories are plunging us into will be systemic, that we'll be stuck borrowing billions for years longer than Flaherty is projecting. Even TD bank's chief economist is on side with the Mr. Page in snubbing Flaherty's numbers.
Now there's talk that Harper may or may not be making a stop in Canada's north. It was reported a few days back that the Prime Minister would be heading up to Nunavut. The purpose of the visit being the announcement of a northern economic development agency for the region. Now it seems the trip is up in the air according to CBC reports, with nothing having been confirmed.
Who can blame the poor guy? I can just see Harper chastising his caucus right now.
"Can't I go away for a couple of weeks without you guys wrecking the place? Yes, I know I screwed up when I blasted Iggy back in Italy, but I wouldn't be so damn edgy if you guys weren't giving this country's liberal press so much ammunition".
Go up north Stevie, take the wife and kids. Lock the liquor cabinet and put duct tape over all your member's mouths. And if you're asked to eat a raw seal're on your own. These days, you can't win.
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Thursday, July 16, 2009
Stephen "Deficit" Harper - What a Joke
Yet another Stephen Harper commitment has gone the way of the Stanley Cup in Toronto.
Sorry to pick on the big smoke's hockey fans, but they can likely identify with Stephen Harper's supporters. Loyal Tories want to believe their leader's promises, every bit as much as die hard blue and white puck heads want to see Lord Stanley's mug make another trek down Bay Street. And while the possibility for both always exists, realists know that chances are least in the foreseeable future.
During the 2006 election Harper promised Canadians in the strongest possible terms that his government would never, "NEVER" tax income trusts. It would be a crime and an assault on the retirement plans of seniors we were told. Yadda, yadda yadda....thanks for the votes. We all know what those strong words were worth.
Then came the promise of fixed election dates, with legislation to back it up. But our Prime Minister wasn't serious about that either. The law had about as much backbone as Harper's caucus, and so we were back to the polls yet again in October of 2008 so 'Wonder Boy' could try again to get his majority.
And let's not forget the senate, long a lightening rod of dissatisfaction with many western voters. Harper had pledged to leave empty seats vacant until the chamber could be reformed. Steve stuck to his guns for a couple of years, then caved faster than Mike Duffy on a hunger strike. Not only did the PM stack the senate, he broke the record for most appointments in a single day.
Which brings us to recent news. We all know that Conservative pledges about keeping Canada out of deficit are long gone. The PM did talk a good game for a while, but with the global economy tanking, Canada had as much chance of keeping the books balanced as Jim Flaherty has of completing a tomahawk dunk on the basketball court.
Okay, there's going to be a deficit...we've had them before. How big and for how long? Those are the questions being asked right now. For a while Harper and company did a good job of keeping a straight face while spinning the numbers. $35 or so billion this year, then slowly dropping until we're back in surplus in another 5 years.
Hands up everyone who believed those assurances? Put your hand down Flaherty, I can barely see it anyway. No Ms. Raitt, this isn't about a new "sexy" cabinet posting for you...please sit back down.
The news just keeps getting worse if you're concerned about seeing your tax dollars going to debt repayment instead of actual services. The figure this year has been revised up to $50 billion, and Harper and company have given up trying to fudge the numbers. Instead of returning to surplus in another 5 years we're looking at 10 years or longer of continued deficit spending.
Its all over the news:
And that's just a sampling of what's out there today.
So its back to the Trudeau/Mulroney years, watching more and more of our tax dollars going down a black hole. Instead of bolstering health care, improving our military, building infrastructure or helping out vunerable citizens....we're going to be seeing more and more of our money being used for interest payments. Lovely!!!
Harper has laid out his vision...just read the news. He won't raise taxes, or cut he'll just keep hoping the spending limit on the nation's Visa card gets lifted higher and higher. Great plan.
Harper is trying to get re-elected in the next election, the Leafs are hopeful of sneaking into the playoffs. Canada deserves sound fiscal management, the same way long suffering Leaf fans deserve a contender. The Leafs finally got wise and turfed a lousy GM after too many screw ups, its time for Canadians to do the same with this PM before he does even more damage.
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The New Canadian Catch Phrase - "Stephen Harper Is a Joke"
Like most Canadians, in the last election I did not vote for the Conservative candidate running in my riding. I was with the majority in rejecting a party led by a man who's politics and partisanship run counter to the way I would like to see my country run.
I believe my judgement has been vindicated, all I have to do is pick up a newspaper.
Harper embarrassed Canadians by using the world stage as a pulpit to attack a political opponent, over things that opponent never even said. The Conservative finance minister is definitely out of his weight class in fighting this recession. Jim Flaherty's deficit projections don't last a month before they're being revised upward. The Prime Minister surrounds himself with ministers like Mme Raitt, she who thinks people having cancer treatment delayed is 'sexy'. And a competent minister is hung out to dry for funding an event that the Religious Right finds offensive.
In short, Stephen Harper is a joke. And that's how I think ordinary Canadians can help bring both him and his government, down.
Harper and the Conservatives have succeeded in reducing Canadian politics to a game of branding, buzz words and catch phrases. Ignatieff is 'just in it for himself', Dion last time around was 'not worth the risk'. Well here's the buzz for the next election....
Practice it. It rolls nicely off the tongue doesn't it?
Now that we have the phrase, its time to look at putting it in the minds of voters. Do the opposition parties need to spend wads of cash on media spots to drill it into the collective conscience a la the Conservatives? Nope, we can do it in a more cost effective way than that my friends. All we need to do is scan the news when we're surfing.
You know all those stories reporting on our wonderfully inept Prime Minister? Whether its serious or mundane, weighty or fluffy. The ever increasing deficit, or Stevie missing another photo shoot. Wafergate or breaking a promise about stacking the senate.
When we find yet another on-line article or opinion piece showing Harper in a negative light, SHARE IT!!! Hit that little button or icon after the article and post it to your Facebook page, tweet it to all your twitter friends, put it up on Myspace. Use social networking like its never been used before.
And when introducing the news to your friends, family and acquaintances through all this wonderful social media....put in your own little comment. STEPHEN HARPER IS A JOKE!!!
It would be nice if Harper and his Conservative lackeys would indulge this nation's citizens in serious conversation about the issues. Sadly that's not to their liking. Tories seemingly prefer branding over brainstorming, slogans over serious debate. And with their war chest and a bevy of supporters willing to put up endless websites and such, its time for those of us who've tired of this small man to beat him at his own petty little game.
The plan is simple for the majority of Canadians who didn't vote Conservative. Read the news, then remind everyone that STEPHEN HARPER IS A JOKE!!!
Canadian Blogosphere | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '569', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9715850949287416}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '230429', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:LCNPO6AAKFV3E736YX2TW7EL3AGLS2NL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fbfce97d-8231-488a-9eb2-15060bd49440>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 23, 8, 7, 52), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.13.225', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:BIQ66BAVLKJZ7UIEEZWXJNRJMOMF33MI', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b7e09d18-5a94-4de0-8240-599666ae6a98>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://gordiecanuk.blogspot.com/2009_07_01_archive.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:801f5e82-8147-4c48-9d49-3808e323e9e5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '13756', 'url': 'http://gordiecanuk.blogspot.com/2009_07_01_archive.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-165-76-76.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-43\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05982160568237305', 'original_id': 'f528e3a09d5341c3112501f793c5db6b7b5535088df5eb983005ef3f53824a56'} |
Schoolgirl Ashley Cherry Suffers Horrific Injuries After Experiment Explodes In Her Face
Posted: Updated:
File Picture | alamy
The 13-year-old from Oklahoma, USA, was in a science class when the accident occurred during a 'flame colour test', in which various elements are burned to detect the presence of metal ions.
The girl's hair was set alight during the experiment, her face was burned and she was left in hospital for a week.
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Cherry has been told she will need lengthy reconstructive surgery, but according to reports, and her parents are struggling to pay for the medication needed to treat the burns.
Buddy and Kim Cherry, from Oklahoma, said they were "beyond angry" about the incident.
"It doesn't make sense to me that the teacher was performing the experiment and doesn't have any injuries whatsoever."
The Kerr Middle school has launched an investigation into the accident but they believe the teacher conducting the practical lesson followed correct safety procedures, and used a burn blanket and fire extinguisher to put out the flames.
The teenager has to wear protective bandages to stop the burns from blistering and admitted she is worried about she will look.
"I don't know what my scars are going to be like or how my hair is going to turn out."
Friends have started a fund to help pay for Cherry's treatment.
Around the Web
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Why Facebook Is Bad?
Who is not on Facebook nowadays? Why Facebook is bad? Getting in touch with buddies, household and colleagues online can be both a real blessing and a curse. Be familiar with the dark side of Facebook before you spread out more of your details online and let individuals make the most of you.
Why Facebook Is Bad
Why Facebook Is Bad?
Facebook has had a substantial influence on social networking and has altered the method individuals fraternize one another. There suffices product on Facebook to keep you engaged all day. You may like it however you are in danger, at the expense of your privacy. You might not know the threats you deal with making a lot of individual info offered. However, that isn't all that is bad about Facebook.
10 Needs to beware
1) Personal privacy: "Great Personal privacy" is not truly a term connected with social networking, particularly with a giant like Facebook that is thought about to be the foundation of social networking. Take care about exactly what you publish as a status upgrade or on another individual's wall. Check your privacy settings to see exactly what info is offered. Applications and other users can make the most of you if you are not careful enough.
2) Addictive: With lots of applications readily available out there, Facebook is among the most addicting websites on the Web. Individuals get hooked on apps and video games like Farmville, Mafia Wars, and so on. Numerous schools report that the average grade of trainees has decreased and the primary cause is social media websites. Individuals might wind up losing tasks if they are captured mingling throughout work hours when rather they must have been working.
3) Unwanted Details: You want to keep your Facebook usage to a minimum. However, your real friends are continuously sending you demands to join them in social video games or sharing info that is truly much better kept a trick. There are alternatives to conceal or obstruct applications or users, however, brand-new applications are always appearing to take their location.
4) Effect on Profession Life and Personal Life: Individuals include their associates, friends, and family to their buddies' list. Make an unfavorable remark about anybody, and it is straightforward to discover. This can be specifically harmful to your work environment. Do not consider informing good friends you're searching for a brand-new task or grumbling about your manager when you have them as a Facebook kind friend! Depending on your work, you might likewise remain in difficulty if a pal posts photos of you with a beverage in your hand or at a celebration. If you deal with young kids or in particular expert functions, this might be premised enough to obtain you fired.
5) Facebook Places: The final stroke of your privacy. Facebook puts your buddies understand where you are and exactly what you are doing. Exactly, what's more, you will be spammed by others' updates too, on their location which can be extremely troubling. So if you wish to have your coffee in peace, ensure that your Facebook personal privacy settings are according to your requirements.
6) Rip-offs: With a lot of your info offered in your Facebook account, it's simple for scammer and hackers to utilize this info to target your other accounts-- such as e-mail, banking, and PayPal.
7) Infection Attacks: No matter how to protect a site is, hackers regularly discover a method around so they can attempt to spread out worms and diseases using the site. Given that news spreads extremely quick on Facebook, a click an unidentified link is all that is had to spread out the infection to your buddies, their good friends and so on. It is constantly great to be cautious before clicking links and following them.
Check these guys out:
8) Difficulty Erasing Your Facebook Account: Till 2007 Facebook never entirely cleared a user's info even when they deleted their account. It was more like suspending an account, which suggested, one can get their account and all the info back anytime if they chose to sign up with Facebook once again. In 2008, Facebook presented an alternative to erasing the account altogether. Even today, one needs to make certain not just to deactivate their account however likewise examine other choices to make sure that your account is erased.
9) Monopoly: Facebook is the center of all service ads, thanks to its big fan base. This is impacting numerous other little business and start-ups that have no other option, however, to connect themselves to Facebook to market their items. Even start-ups require themselves to sign up with Facebook to promote their items.
10) Health Issues: In the year of 2009, Facebook was the most checked out website on the Web. Individuals invest lots of time communicating with others and examining on exactly what other individuals are doing, and you can forget to look after yourself. Extended time online can cause different health problems like headaches, back pains, eye stress and a long list of other ailments.
Secure yourself using correct personal privacy settings, and do not utilize the same Facebook password that you use for other online accounts. There are good presents, original video games, and certain individuals out there. Engage with them in reality and usage Facebook as a tool to communicate with people, however not the only methods of doing so.
If you like safeguarding your identity on Facebook, here are a couple of Facebook security suggestions that will assist you. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9559741020202636}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '98130', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:SBBM2XIRCTZUC3UHTATFPTF2ZBEJVEDV', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:78272a9c-b9a0-4530-8d46-c1dc06b771ea>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 11, 22, 20, 22, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.7.243', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:IYR4ET6NXJCHAFVIRUJGGNPUV6GYSR6A', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:bda2d359-698b-46e3-99b6-9f75526cbcc8>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.createregisteraccount.com/2017/07/why-facebook-is-bad.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e7c6c91c-2f00-4b54-9699-0216970fc309>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '918', 'url': 'http://www.createregisteraccount.com/2017/07/why-facebook-is-bad.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-47\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-133.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.018746554851531982', 'original_id': 'e6ee678edd6959e0db47e165f33aeff5b61ea133acb22426135e14d80f69f78b'} |
Specialist Curriculum
The specialist classes that our students experience include
visual art, physical education, music, library, and technology. Each of
these "specials" is important in the development of the whole child and
the curriculum in each of these areas is rich, engaging and hands-on. To
learn further details for each of these classes, please click on a link
below. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '310deb431619b3808a4c40771c41d1fb65a4b944f0e4da22f4876e9ed875191e'} |
Need to be added to project
Started by Henn Sarv on 2013年1月27日(星期日)
Profiles Mentioned:
Related Projects:
2013年2月2日上午 1点24分
Well, I see from the above that I am completely ignored in these conversations, so I will bow out and wish you all a great time talking together. Obviously you are full of deep thoughts.
Private User
2013年2月2日上午 2点48分
*ATTENTION* Is this maybe the reason that I cannot complete my Winton line of my family tree? Wintons
The Setons were granted the lands of Winton c.1152 by Scotland's King David I, which grant was re-confirmed in a charter to them, to Philip de Seton, from William the Lion in 1169. Philip de Seton bestowed Winton on his 2nd son who thus became de Winton and who's descent Alan de Winton later married the heiress Margaret Seton. Alan's eldest son, William adopted his mothers surname and continued the line of the Seton's and became the 1st Lord Seton.[2]
2013年2月2日上午 7点39分
This project remains highly Eurocentric . There are no Asian names. Are there any Chinese ect ect out there?
2013年2月2日上午 7点39分
2013年2月2日上午 8点14分
Thanks, Robert. The Biblical tree suffers from too many duplicates being added by well-intentioned people, so it never quite stabilizes the way it could. If you have concerns about specific profiles and potential duplicates, it's best to start a new discussion under the Biblical Tree project:
With a dedicated discussion in the project, it's much more likely that the people who focus on that area will see your question and be able to handle it.
2013年2月2日上午 8点25分
Which project do you mean when you say Eurocentric? There are 249 projects linked in this discussion.
This discussion started in the Mega Merge project, which is a project for profiles that have 100+ managers. Those profiles will be necessarily Eurocentric as long as the shared ancestry of the majority of Geni users is European.
Over time, we can expect that to shift, but it will take (1) many new users from outside Euro-America, and (2) a high concentration of shared ancestry among them.
Some experts have estimated that Americans with colonial ancestry are the largest, most closely related group of people on earth. Likely, no more distant than 13th cousins from one another. So it will be hard to find another group that generates this managers for so many shared ancestors.
2013年2月2日上午 8点45分
I apologize if you feel that people are ignoring your message. It's hard to know how to respond.
The Mega Merge project is for Geni profiles that have 100+ managers. The first message in this thread was Henn pointing out profiles that qualify for the project but haven't yet been added.
As far as I know, all the profiles suggested by Henn have now been added.
The discussion has wandered off topic, as discussions often do ;)
Are we all related to these people? The short answer is: probably. The fact that they have 100+ managers means that quite a few people on Geni are descended from or related to them.
2013年2月2日上午 9点38分
Thank you for taking the trouble to explain Justin. It is appreciated, I can sincerely assure you.
I myself manage 73 profiles and have found alot of interesting information. I have know that I have two bloodlines which is English and German but have also found that I have six more. By checking some of the names listed on here I have found more ancestor links as well as interesting history and events.
Private User
Quite a few people get all uptight over genealogy. Take what you want or need from the offerings on Geni. Don't let the "academic" attitude of some bother you. It is interesting to look at the whole bit in the light of the flow of peoples out of Africa, how we changed physically, how we spread over, time, developed languages, cultures, and religions. Some of our ancestors may have been "big", but there would have been no "big" people without "little" people. Genetic science tells us there is only one race, the human race. We have a history, and to many of us our history is interesting. But who or what my ancestors were hasn't had a significant impact on me, personally, other than some immigrated to the U.S.A. and I inherited opportunity from that. I have generations and generations of farmers as well as kings and queens and saints in my background. But what is that worth, really? What it is worth to me is historical perspective on what sweat, tears, work, avarice, lust for power, and sometimes madness can produce. We are mankind and we shouldn't take ourselves too seriously but should respect ourselves. I supposedly have over 40,000 ancestors according to Geni...but so what? Just take what you want from the information available and ENJOY it.
TRACING MOST PEOPLE IN THE 17TH THRU THE 19TH CENTURY with DNA shows MANY non-parental events. You People pure as daisies??
Private User
Kentucky Lynn, you can trace back ,way back by using records. They will record weather someone was legitimate or not and who the parents were, in most case. Of course there are some exceptions to the rule. A fact we have been doing this, all are aware of. DNA is great and if you can afford it it would be good to do. Granted some of the connections on here a hard to shallow and I take with a grain of salt. Some of ti it is a Ya Right, response from me. But what I have found myself had been by following the records trail. If i find info via someone else, I see if they have references and then i double maybe even triple check it out.It's not all B.S. as you stated. Some of it may be but most of it is not.
Records will show you if a child is illegitimate, generally due to "women on the side"... records will not show you when paternity is not accurate. Studies have shown around 4% of births result from fathers not in the relationship, and that historically this rate could vary from 4-20% depending on time period, culture etc. So all of us most likely have fathers in our line who are not documented, and will never be known. I think THAT was Kentucky's point.
Roger Renfro the number of "wrong father" is hotly debated. See for a 2009 study; gives more references.
Private User
2013年2月2日下午 1点34分
Never the less records are the only we can really go without the DNA and if the fathers or mothers are related then it's even hard that way. You have heard of husbands fooling around with sister in laws and even mother i n laws and wives doing the same with brother in laws and father in laws. Cousins with cousins and even parents with children and all that gets hiden. They might just the same DNA. Give it rest people!
Private User
2013年2月2日下午 1点42分
If you read me correctly tectonically agree.But we can only go by records. Short DNA Henry 2 leftover bones. The ones they still have since his grave was opened and his bone thrown all over the place. I doubt if at this point in time you can get DNA from that. And all those people drawn and quarters and tortures and arms , legs , organs, head personel parts chopped off and roasted and stuffed down throats ,strewn all over the kingdom. It was a bad , nasty cruel time and it ain't no better these days in some parts of the world. You ain't gonna get DNA. So records are all you can go by and often they are recorded wrong. It all depends on who was recording them.
Private User
2013年2月2日下午 1点46分
Get the book " The Dark History of The Kings and Queens of England' 1066 to the present day. by Brenda Ralph Lewis, if you really want to know some of the more horrific things that went on back in the day!
2013年2月2日下午 2点10分
Believe one of the more 'horrific' things going on back from then and for the next 500-600 years was the fact that the British Islands were a dual language area, where French was spoken by the aristocracy (Bretagne descendentants of the vikings) and Anglo Saxon (A dialect with West German language origins). The merger of the 2 seems to have begun with the issue of the King james Bible in 1617.
Private User
2013年2月2日下午 3点16分
Well for awhile there during one of the King Henry's reins , they didn't allow English to be spoken , as they were from Frances. Remember William the Conq. was French and Henrry the 1st was his son and Henry the 2nd was his great grand Son.They were all living half the time in France. but that was after the period you just mentioned.
King James Bible still one most everyone uses nowadays , if you are Protestant.That's the one everyone in my family has.
2013年2月2日下午 3点28分
Judy, They seem to have got the DNA for Richard III. I will enjoy seeing on his master profile "buried in a car-park in Leicester". But you are right - we wouldn't have enjoyed living then; whole villages ran away when Henry II instituted the circuit courts, because all of them were accused of murder.
Sten, I think you are a couple of hundred years out (I don't see bilingualism as a horror, if everyone tries to be bilingual). One can sense a very real fear among the English in the late eleventh and twelfth centuries that their language, culture, and history were going to be erased. The pendulum swung with the loss of Normandy to the French in 1204. But it took another nearly 200 years before Richard II was the first post-1066 King of England to take his coronation oath in English rather than French. By that time you had Chaucer writing in English and being accepted as an equal of French poets; and Wycliffe clandestinely circulating his translation of the Bible in English (what a heresy!).
It took another 200 years or so for the courts to put down their records in English rather than an illiterate bastardised French. And (although this is a different story) the courts in Jersey still use medieval French - probably as a barrier to keep out English or modern French lawyers rather than from any practical or traditional reason.
2013年2月2日下午 6点56分 I am interested in this!
Private User
2013年2月2日下午 7点49分
When did they drop the damnable "de" from names, can you give me a general time frame? I know it's horrible to look for a rule of thumb instead of a specific "look it UP" - but it would help me. Long before the 18th century, I hope?
Private User
2013年2月2日下午 7点58分
Woodman you are a bit of a pompous person aren't you.That's not what I wanted to say but I am being polite.I am assuming all of Richard was buried in one place.Henry I think it was the 2nd had his remains not once but twice thrown all over the city he was buried in and they only now have a femea. , not sure if that spelled correctly, but i am sure you are getting the jest of it, maybe that would help with DNA.Maybe not. I am sure you get the drift of what i was saying.
2013年2月2日下午 9点22分
Erica, in general the "de" in English surnames disappears pretty dramatically in the reign of Edward III. The Statute of Pleading in 1362 first required English courts to use the English language. Parliament was opened in English for the first time in 1363.
There's no bright line. Many names that once used "de" dropped it long before Edward III. ("Dropped it" meaning that surviving records don't have it -- we don't actually know whether that means it wasn't still used.) And, there are still examples of "de" being used after Edward III.
If I see a English profile that uses a "de" after 1400, I really expect to see it documented from primary sources. Otherwise it's likely to be someone's misunderstanding.
Private User
"After 1400 question the damnable de." Good, I can remember that.
2013年2月3日上午 3点10分
So, we are worried about legitimacy? About the right father? About DNA testing?
I believe it was Lord Acton who said, the husband is the father of a child born to a married woman.
Now how about another matter, adoption? I have an ancestor listed as adopted, and by that adoption he was the legitimate heir to the royal house. Which still leave him a place in the line, but his father is not his biological father. How does that fit in. At this point DNA becomes irrelevant. His father on the list made him what he became, gave him his history and culture and morals and principles, regardless of the biological relationship between them.
This is not a trivial matter, esp today when adoption is more and more common. How do we explain to our children who their family is if we limit it to genetic heritage.
I adopted two daughters. They are on my family tree, and they are going to stay there. These people in ancient history are not their genetic ancestors, but they are their history.
2013年2月3日上午 3点12分
Justin Swanström Sorry, that wasn't me, it was Timothy Roy on the Eurocentric comment.
Private User
2013年2月3日上午 4点46分
De is french isn't it and those people orginally with de in front of their nanes also la line la Zouche, were all french orginally. Came with William the Conq. Once they were no longer connected with france and were consider English they de and la seem to disappear. So when writing profile the de and la only should be applied in the right instincts and removed at time they stopped using them but note in about, plus you can see them as you back track.Hey that's my opinion and I"m stickin" too it! Judy
2013年2月3日上午 9点07分
Robert, my apologies! I knew that. I was looking right at it, and still my fingers typed the wrong name.
2013年2月3日上午 9点50分
You are very right, Judy.
We also need to remember two other things about "de". It's not capitalized in medieval England. The capitalization starts later when some Victorian families starting adding it back by Royal License.
And, Anglo-French was different from the French we know. Where modern French uses a contraction before a vowel, Anglo-French did not. So, for example, we see "de Acton" and not "d'Acton".
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Anca Mateescu
Anca Ionela Mateescu (born in 1981) is a Mexican canoeist. She participated in the 2007 Pan American Games and earned a bronze medal for her country in the Women's K1 500m canoe sprint event.
References
Category:1983 births
Category:Canoeists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Category:Mexican female canoeists
Category:Mexican people of Romanian descent
Category:Living people
Category:Pan American Games bronze medalists for Mexico
Category:Pan American Games medalists in canoeing | mini_pile | {'original_id': '96ed19b35513b02bf31e68aa7ef0ae983fb64dc50ad859546654b63e41bdef3a'} |
The Niurka Marcos popular and scandalous faces journalist Oscar pyzyk in the program Copyrigh and as always makes his own camera in front of not caring this is all happened live on the program
Show less | mini_pile | {'original_id': '84c1f8cac45d23f392f63aa53cf3140f360a8d2637e63e721708a06b3ff932c9'} |
Q:
Traversing a tree during compile time, with visiting actions
To make a preorder traversal of a nested pack of types (i.e. a tree of types), and then carry out an action at each leaf, I've worked out an algorithm already (and tested to work correctly):
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename, typename> struct Merge;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Ts, typename... Us>
struct Merge<P1<Ts...>, P2<Us...>> {
using type = P1<Ts..., Us...>;
};
template <typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every leaf in the tree visited.
using result = P2<Visited...>;
};
template <typename, typename> struct LeafAction;
// As a simple example, the leaf action is appending its type to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., First>> {}; // Having visited First, now visit Rest...
// Here First has children, so visit its children, after which visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> : Visit<typename Merge<First, P1<Rest...>>::type, P2<Visited...>> {};
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> : LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
My "leaf action" here is simply storing the type of each leaf visited, as my test shows:
template <typename...> struct Pack {};
template <typename...> struct Group {};
template <typename...> struct Wrap {};
struct Object {};
int main() {
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
Visit<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>, Pack<>>::type,
Pack<int, Object, double, bool, char, int, double, char, char, long, short, int, Object, char, double, long>
>::value << std::endl; // true
}
But my problem now is: What if there is to be an action carried out at each non-leaf, and such "non-leaf action" is carried out AFTER the children are visited? How to remember the non-leaf?
Here is an example task which would require this:
Referring to my Visit program above, after each child of a node is visited (but not before), append the first type in the non-leaf pack to the P<Visited...> pack. If a leaf is visited, append its type to the P<Visited...> pack, as in the original program. Due to this specific order, Visit<Pack<Types...>>::type will have a specific order as well. Solve this, and the original question is solved.
Here is the simple solution if that non-leaf action is carried out BEFORE visiting its children:
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename, typename> struct Merge;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Ts, typename... Us>
struct Merge<P1<Ts...>, P2<Us...>> {
using type = P1<Ts..., Us...>;
};
template <typename> struct FirstType;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct FirstType<P<First, Rest...>> {
using type = First;
};
template <typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every leaf in the tree visited.
using result = P2<Visited...>;
};
template <typename, typename> struct LeafAction;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., First>> {};
template <typename, typename> struct NonLeafActionPrevisit;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct NonLeafActionPrevisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
Visit<typename Merge<First, P1<Rest...>>::type, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>> {};
// Here First has children, so visit its children, after which visit Rest..., but before doing so carry out the non-leaf action in the inherited struct.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> :
NonLeafActionPrevisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {}; // *** The simple solution here.
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out. In this case, it is appended to P<Visited...> as a simple example.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> : LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
template <typename> struct VisitTree;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct VisitTree<P<Types...>> : Visit<P<Types...>, P<>> {};
// ---------------------------- Testing ----------------------------
template <typename...> struct Pack {};
template <typename...> struct Group {};
template <typename...> struct Wrap {};
struct Object {};
int main() {
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
VisitTree<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>>::result,
Pack<int, int, Object, double, bool, char, char, int, int, double, char, char, char, char, long, short, int, Object, char, double, long>
>::value << std::endl; // true
}
Now what is the solution if that non-leaf action is to be carried out AFTER visiting the children?
In this case, the output would be different, namely:
Pack<int, Object, double, int, bool, char, int, double, char, char, long, short, char, int, Object, int, char, char, double, long>
Idea: Get the last child from First. Store that last child and First somewhere (but where???). When that last child is visited, carry out the non-leaf action on First. Something like:
template <typename, typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... ChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<ChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<ChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename... ChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<ChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every leaf in the tree visited.
using type = P3<Visited...>;
};
// Here First has children, so visit its children, after which visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... ChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<ChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, true> :
Visit<typename Merge<First, P2<Rest...>>::type, P2<ChildAndParent...,
typename LastType<First>::type, First>, P3<Visited...>> {};
// Idea: Get the last child from First. Store that last child and First here. When that last child is visited, carry out the non-leaf action on First.
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out. In this case, it is appended to P<Visited...> as a simple example.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... ChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<ChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, false> :
Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<ChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited..., First>> {};
Now the tough part would be to make use of P2<ChildAndParent...> properly, assuming the idea will work at all.
Update (12 hours later): Well, I tried my best. Here's what I came up with, which compiles, but it escapes me why I still get the wrong result. Perhaps someone can shed some light on this.
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename, typename> struct Merge;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Ts, typename... Us>
struct Merge<P1<Ts...>, P2<Us...>> {
using type = P1<Ts..., Us...>;
};
template <typename> struct FirstType;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct FirstType<P<First, Rest...>> {
using type = First;
};
template <typename> struct LastType;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename Last>
struct LastType<P<Last>> {
using type = Last;
};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct LastType<P<First, Rest...>> : LastType<P<Rest...>> {};
template <typename, typename...> struct ExistsInPack;
template <typename T, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct ExistsInPack<T, First, Rest...> : ExistsInPack<T, Rest...> {};
template <typename T, typename... Rest>
struct ExistsInPack<T, T, Rest...> : std::true_type {};
template <typename T>
struct ExistsInPack<T> : std::false_type {};
template <typename Child, typename First, typename Second, typename... Rest>
struct GetParent : GetParent<Child, Rest...> {};
template <typename Child, typename Parent, typename... Rest>
struct GetParent<Child, Child, Parent, Rest...> {
using type = Parent;
};
template <typename, typename, typename> struct RemoveChildAndParentHelper;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename Child, typename First, typename Second, typename... Rest, typename... Accumulated>
struct RemoveChildAndParentHelper<Child, P<First, Second, Rest...>, P<Accumulated...>> : RemoveChildAndParentHelper<Child, P<Rest...>, P<Accumulated..., First, Second>> {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename Child, typename Parent, typename... Rest, typename... Accumulated>
struct RemoveChildAndParentHelper<Child, P<Child, Parent, Rest...>, P<Accumulated...>> {
using type = P<Accumulated..., Rest...>;
};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename Child, typename... Accumulated>
struct RemoveChildAndParentHelper<Child, P<>, P<Accumulated...>> {
using type = P<Accumulated...>;
};
template <typename, typename> struct RemoveChildAndParent;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename Child, typename... LastChildAndParent>
struct RemoveChildAndParent<Child, P<LastChildAndParent...>> : RemoveChildAndParentHelper<Child, P<LastChildAndParent...>, P<>> {};
template <typename, typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <typename, typename, typename, bool> struct CheckIfLastChild;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... LastChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename... LastChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every leaf in the tree visited.
using result = P3<Visited...>;
using storage = P2<LastChildAndParent...>; // just for checking (remove later)
};
// Here First has children, so visit its children, after which visit Rest...
// Get the last child from First. Store that last child and First here. When that last child is visited later on, carry out the non-leaf action on First.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... LastChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, true> :
Visit<typename Merge<First, P2<Rest...>>::type, P2<LastChildAndParent..., typename LastType<First>::type, First>, P3<Visited...>> {};
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out. In this case, it is appended to P<Visited...>.
// Check if First is a last child. If so the non-leaf action of its parent is to be carried out immediately after First's action is carried out.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... LastChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, false> :
CheckIfLastChild<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, ExistsInPack<First, LastChildAndParent...>::value> {};
// First is a last child (and is a leaf), so append First to P3<Visited...> (the leaf action), and then append the first type of its parent to P3<Visited...> after it (the non-leaf action).
// First and its parent must be removed from P2<LastChildAndParent...> at this point.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... LastChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct CheckIfLastChild<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, true> :
Visit<P1<Rest...>, typename RemoveChildAndParent<First, P2<LastChildAndParent...>>::type, P3<Visited..., First, typename FirstType<typename GetParent<First, LastChildAndParent...>::type>::type>> {};
// First is not a last child (but is a leaf), so append First to P3<Visited...> (the leaf action) and proceed with visiting the next type in P1<Rest...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, template <typename...> class P3, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... LastChildAndParent, typename... Visited>
struct CheckIfLastChild<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited...>, false> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<LastChildAndParent...>, P3<Visited..., First>> {};
template <typename> struct VisitTree;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct VisitTree<P<Types...>> : Visit<P<Types...>, P<>, P<>> {};
// ---------------------------- Testing ----------------------------
template <typename...> struct Pack;
template <typename Last>
struct Pack<Last> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(Last).name() << std::endl;}
};
template <typename First, typename... Rest>
struct Pack<First, Rest...> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(First).name() << ' '; Pack<Rest...>::print();}
};
template <>
struct Pack<> {
static void print() {std::cout << "empty" << std::endl;}
};
template <typename...> struct Group {};
template <typename...> struct Wrap {};
struct Object {};
int main() {
using Tree = VisitTree<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>>;
Tree::result::print(); // int Object double int bool char int double char char int char long short int Object char char double long
Tree::storage::print(); // empty
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
Tree::result,
Pack<int, Object, double, int, bool, char, int, double, char, char, long, short, char, int, Object, char, char, int, char, double, long>
>::value << std::endl; // false
}
In case you are wondering, here is my motivation for this:
Consider this loop (which is obviously carried out during run-time):
template <int N>
void Graph<N>::topologicalSortHelper (int v, std::array<bool, N>& visited, std::stack<int>& stack) {
visited[v] = true; // Mark the current node as visited.
for (int x : adjacentVertices[v]) // Repeat for all the vertices adjacent to this vertex.
if (!visited[x])
topologicalSortHelper (x, visited, stack);
stack.push(v); // Push current vertex to 'stack' which stores the result.
}
There are 2 "non-leaf actions" here. visited[v] = true; is carried out before visiting the children, so that is no problem (just make the change in the inheritance), but the real problem is stack.push(v);, which is carried out after the children are visited. Ultimately, in the end, I want Graph<6, 5,2, 5,0, 4,0, 4,1, 2,3, 3,1>::topological_sort to be the compile-time result index_sequence<5,4,2,3,1,0>, where 6 is the number of vertices, and 5,2, 5,0, 4,0, 4,1, 2,3, 3,1 describe the edges of the graph. That's the real project I'm working on, which I'm almost finished. Solve the above generic problem, and I will have this problem solved.
Update: I spotted the error in my logic. The line:
Visit<typename Merge<First, P2<Rest...>>::type, P2<LastChildAndParent..., typename LastType<First>::type, First>, P3<Visited...>>
does not uniquely identify where the last child is because there may be other leaves in the tree that are of type First. This suggests that either:
The original tree must be redesigned with unique serial numbers for each node (the last resort, since that forces the client code to change), or
The algorithm should assign unique serial IDs to each node in the tree as it traverses it. This second idea is ideal since the original tree needs not be redesigned, but it is a lot more challenging. For example, what will be the ID number for a child that is known to exist but has not been visited in the traversal yet? It looks like branch numbers will have to serve to ID each node.
Incidentally, I managed to solve my original problem of a compile-time topological sort for a graph:
http://ideone.com/9DKh4s
It uses the pattern being worked out in this thread, and I'm lucky that every vertex has unique node values. But I still want to know the general solution in the event that the nodes of the tree do not have unique values, without adjoining unique serial IDs to each node of the original tree (which seriously uglifies the design of the original tree), i.e. carry out solution #2 described above, or something like that).
Update (after some days of thought). Now working on a new idea, which may inspire anyone who is interested in this problem:
template <typename, typename, typename> struct NonLeafActionPostvisit;
// As a simple example, the postvisit non-leaf action is appending the first type of the pack to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename ChildrenVisits, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct NonLeafActionPostvisit<ChildrenVisits, P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>> {};
// Postvisit:
// Here First has children, so visit its children, after which carry out the postvisit non-leaf action, and then visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> :
NonLeafActionPostvisit<Visit<First, P2<Visited...>>, P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out. In this case, it is appended to P<Visited...> as a simple example.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> :
LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
It doesn't give the correct results yet though, but if it works in the end, it seems much more elegant than the ideas I've sketched already.
A:
Done!
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename> struct FirstType;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct FirstType<P<First, Rest...>> {
using type = First;
};
template <typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <typename, typename> struct LeafAction;
template <typename, typename> struct NonLeafActionPostVisit;
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every node in the tree visited.
using result = P2<Visited...>;
};
// Here First has children, so visit its children now, then carry out the "post-visit non-leaf action", and then visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> :
NonLeafActionPostVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, typename Visit<First, P2<Visited...>>::result> {};
// *** The key! Pass typename Visit<First, P2<Visited...>>::result into NonLeafActionPostVisit.
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> : LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// As a simple example, the leaf action shall simply be appending its type to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., First>> {};
// As a simple example, the post-visit non-leaf action shall be appending the first type of the pack to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct NonLeafActionPostVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>> {};
template <typename> struct VisitTree;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct VisitTree<P<Types...>> : Visit<P<Types...>, P<>> {};
// ---------------------------- Testing ----------------------------
template <typename...> struct Pack;
template <typename Last>
struct Pack<Last> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(Last).name() << std::endl;}
};
template <typename First, typename... Rest>
struct Pack<First, Rest...> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(First).name() << ' '; Pack<Rest...>::print();}
};
template <typename...> struct Group;
template <typename...> struct Wrap;
struct Object {};
int main() {
VisitTree<
Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>
>::result::print(); // i Object d i b c i d c c l s c i Object c c i d c l
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
VisitTree<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>>::result,
Pack<int, Object, double, int, bool, char, int, double, char, char, long, short, char, int, Object, char, char, int, double, char, long>
>::value << std::endl; // true
}
Good amount of thinking practice I got here. Other solutions are welcomed of course (the bounty is still available to anyone giving an alternate solution).
This solution also made me realize that Merge is not even needed anymore. So I now revise my solutions to the other cases even better:
Visit actions at the leaves only:
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <typename, typename> struct LeafAction;
// Here the role of P2<Visited...> is simply to allow LeafAction to carry out its function. It is not native to the tree structure itself.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every node in the tree visited.
using result = P2<Visited...>;
};
// Here First has children, so visit its children, after which visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, typename Visit<First, P2<Visited...>>::result> {}; // Visit the "subtree" First, and then after that visit Rest... Need to use ::result so that when visiting Rest..., the latest value of the P2<Visited...> pack is used.
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> : LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// As a simple example, the leaf action shall simply be appending its type to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., First>> {}; // Having visited First, now visit Rest...
template <typename> struct VisitTree;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct VisitTree<P<Types...>> : Visit<P<Types...>, P<>> {};
// ---------------------------- Testing ----------------------------
template <typename...> struct Pack;
template <typename Last>
struct Pack<Last> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(Last).name() << std::endl;}
};
template <typename First, typename... Rest>
struct Pack<First, Rest...> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(First).name() << ' '; Pack<Rest...>::print();}
};
template <typename...> struct Group;
template <typename...> struct Wrap;
struct Object {};
int main() {
VisitTree<
Pack<Pack<int, Object, double>, bool, Pack<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Pack<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>
>::result::print(); // int Object double bool char int double char char long short int Object char double long
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
VisitTree<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>>::result,
Pack<int, Object, double, bool, char, int, double, char, char, long, short, int, Object, char, double, long>
>::value << std::endl; // true
}
Visit actions at the nodes before visiting the children of the nodes:
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename> struct FirstType;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct FirstType<P<First, Rest...>> {
using type = First;
};
template <typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <typename, typename> struct LeafAction;
template <typename, typename> struct NonLeafActionPreVisit;
// Here the role of P2<Visited...> is simply to allow LeafAction to carry out its function. It is not native to the tree structure itself.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every node in the tree visited.
using result = P2<Visited...>;
};
// Here First has children, so carry out the "non-leaf pre-visit action", then visit the children, and then visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> : NonLeafActionPreVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> : LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// As a simple example, the leaf action shall simply be appending its type to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., First>> {};
// As a simple example, the non-leaf pre-visit action shall simply be appending the first type of the pack to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct NonLeafActionPreVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
Visit<P1<Rest...>, typename Visit<First, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>>::result> {}; // typename FirstType<First>::type is appended to P2<Visited...> (the non-leaf pre-visit action), then Visit<First, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>> is carried out (which is visiting all the children), and then Rest... is visited using ::result of that visiting of the children.
template <typename> struct VisitTree;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct VisitTree<P<Types...>> : Visit<P<Types...>, P<>> {};
// ---------------------------- Testing ----------------------------
template <typename...> struct Pack;
template <typename...> struct Group;
template <typename...> struct Wrap;
struct Object;
int main() {
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
VisitTree<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>>::result,
Pack<int, int, Object, double, bool, char, char, int, int, double, char, char, char, char, long, short, int, Object, char, double, long>
>::value << std::endl; // true
}
And finally, we close this chapter with all three actions together.
Actions at the leaves, at the nodes before visiting the children, and at the nodes after visiting the children:
#include <iostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
template <typename T>
struct HasChildren : std::false_type {};
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct HasChildren<P<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename> struct FirstType;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename First, typename... Rest>
struct FirstType<P<First, Rest...>> {
using type = First;
};
template <typename, typename> struct Visit;
template <typename, typename, bool> struct VisitHelper;
template <typename, typename> struct LeafAction;
template <typename, typename> struct NonLeafActionPreVisit;
template <typename, typename> struct NonLeafActionPostVisit;
// Here the role of P2<Visited...> is simply to allow LeafAction, NonLeafActionPreVisit, and NonLeafActionPostVisit to carry out their functions. It is not native to the tree structure itself.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, HasChildren<First>::value> {};
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename... Visited>
struct Visit<P1<>, P2<Visited...>> { // End of recursion. Every node in the tree visited.
using result = P2<Visited...>;
};
// Here First has children, so carry out the pre-visit non-leaf action, then visit its children, then carry out the post-visit non-leaf action, and then visit Rest...
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, true> :
NonLeafActionPreVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// Here First has no children, so the "leaf action" is carried out.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct VisitHelper<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>, false> : LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> {};
// As a simple example, the leaf action shall simply be appending its type to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct LeafAction<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., First>> {};
// As a simple example, the pre-visit non-leaf action shall be appending the first type of the pack to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct NonLeafActionPreVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> :
NonLeafActionPostVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, typename Visit<First, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>>::result> {};
// As a simple example, the post-visit non-leaf action shall be appending the first type of the pack to P<Visited...>.
template <template <typename...> class P1, template <typename...> class P2, typename First, typename... Rest, typename... Visited>
struct NonLeafActionPostVisit<P1<First, Rest...>, P2<Visited...>> : Visit<P1<Rest...>, P2<Visited..., typename FirstType<First>::type>> {};
template <typename> struct VisitTree;
template <template <typename...> class P, typename... Types>
struct VisitTree<P<Types...>> : Visit<P<Types...>, P<>> {};
// ---------------------------- Testing ----------------------------
template <typename...> struct Pack;
template <typename Last>
struct Pack<Last> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(Last).name() << std::endl;}
};
template <typename First, typename... Rest>
struct Pack<First, Rest...> {
static void print() {std::cout << typeid(First).name() << ' '; Pack<Rest...>::print();}
};
template <typename...> struct Group {};
template <typename...> struct Wrap {};
struct Object {};
int main() {
VisitTree<
Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>
>::result::print(); // i i Object d i b c c i i d c c c c l s c i Object c c i d c l
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<
VisitTree<Pack<Wrap<int, Object, double>, bool, Group<char, Pack<int, double, Pack<char, Wrap<char, long, short>, int, Object>, char>, double>, long>>::result,
Pack<int, int, Object, double, int, bool, char, char, int, int, double, char, char, char, char, long, short, char, int, Object, char, char, int, double, char, long>
>::value << std::endl; // true
}
Lastly, I would like to share my solution to the original problem of getting a compile-time topological sort of a directed acyclic graph using this new method (which is what motivated all this in the first place):
http://ideone.com/U1bbRM
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '5ebfd7508df33f6dd29f846e444ec09b368d8c102b5f203d738b0ae60bcafa90'} |
query throwing error in web report writer
I have a query/view that is created to be used in a report. When I run in the SMS and in SSRS it run fine. But when I connect the view to the tool that generates our reports it throws the following error. Incorrect syntax near '.8'. When I contact the support for this product they say it has to do with how we calculate the 8thgradyear . I have placed the code below. Any suggestions.
SELECT
dbo.studemo.suniq,
dbo.studemo.ident,
dbo.studemo.lastname,
dbo.studemo.firstname,
dbo.studemo.emailaddr AS stuemail,
dbo.studemo.birthdate,
dbo.track.schoolc,
dbo.school.schname,
dbo.stustat.graden,
dbo.stustat.edate,
dbo.zstustat.descript AS status,
RTRIM(dbo.facdemo.lastname) + ' ' + dbo.facdemo.firstname AS advisor,
dbo.track.schyear,
SUM(8) - dbo.stustat.graden + dbo.track.schyear AS [8thgradyear],
sf.Email, LOWER(sf.Username) AS [user],
LOWER(RIGHT(SUM(8) - dbo.stustat.graden + dbo.track.schyear, 2) + LEFT(dbo.studemo.firstname, 1) + REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(dbo.studemo.lastname, '-', ''), ' ', ''), '''', '') + RIGHT(dbo.studemo.ident, 3)) AS newuser,
CONVERT(varchar(8), dbo.studemo.birthdate,1) AS password,
'STUDENTS' + '/' + (CASE WHEN track.schoolc IN ('19', '43', '17', '23') THEN 'Middle' ELSE 'Elementary' END) + '/' + dbo.school.schname AS neworg,
sf.OU, sf.LastLoginTime
FROM dbo.studemo INNER JOIN
dbo.stustat ON dbo.studemo.suniq = dbo.stustat.suniq INNER JOIN
dbo.track ON dbo.stustat.trkuniq = dbo.track.trkuniq INNER JOIN
dbo.zstustat ON dbo.stustat.stustatc = dbo.zstustat.stustatc INNER JOIN
dbo.facdemo ON dbo.stustat.funiq = dbo.facdemo.funiq LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.vw_google_OU AS sf ON sf.Firstname = dbo.studemo.firstname AND sf.Lastname = dbo.studemo.lastname INNER JOIN
dbo.school ON dbo.school.schoolc = dbo.track.schoolc
WHERE (dbo.stustat.stustatc IN
(SELECT stustatc
FROM dbo.zstustat AS zstustat_1
WHERE (snstatus IN ('A', 'M', 'P')))) AND (dbo.stustat.xdate IS NULL OR
dbo.stustat.xdate < dbo.stustat.edate) AND (dbo.track.schoolc NOT IN ('P34', 'P24', '802', '801'))
GROUP BY dbo.studemo.suniq, dbo.studemo.ident, dbo.studemo.lastname, dbo.studemo.firstname, dbo.studemo.birthdate, RIGHT(dbo.studemo.ident, 3), dbo.track.schoolc,
dbo.stustat.graden, dbo.zstustat.descript, RTRIM(dbo.facdemo.lastname) + ' ' + dbo.facdemo.firstname, dbo.stustat.edate, dbo.studemo.gradyear, dbo.track.schyear,
sf.Email, CONVERT(varchar(8), dbo.studemo.birthdate, 1), sf.Username, dbo.school.schname, sf.OU, dbo.studemo.emailaddr, sf.LastLoginTime
What's the tool that generates your report?
SUM function was introduced in SQL Server 2008 and your tool must be using and older version of SQL Server.
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25937677', 'collection': 'StackExchange', 'open_type': 'Open Web', 'license': 'CC-By-SA', 'date': '2014.0', 'title': 'Stack Exchange', 'creator': 'Paul Kar., https://stackoverflow.com/users/505362', 'language': 'English', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '310', 'token_count': '1100', '__index_level_0__': '28412', 'original_id': '021020ca57bae8466c4c270eb5209dd6f30736217f7a79571f4d91f589bfd98c'} |
PHYSIS ZUR GESCHICHTE DES LEIBLICHEN LEBENS VON CARL GUSTAV... Carl Gustav Carus Fi — BIBLIOTECA PROVIN RED CIALE Palchetto - J — — —— 4 Earl Guſtab Carus. Mir 61 in ven Tert eingerrudten Piguren. BE; m ee ie Stuttgart. G. P. Schettlin'3 Verlagsbandlung. Amar. = nn.” > e .n, DR Nieren NE — DE urn; .. — — \ phyſis. Zur Geſchichte des leiblichen Lebens. Carl Guſtav Carus. —— Stuttgart. C. P. Scheitlin's Verlagshandlung. 1851. Trud der 8. Hofnuchdruderei Zu Guttenberqg in Stuttgart. Vorrede. Es ift nicht mit Unrecht, daß man vielfältig der deutfchen Literatur ben Vorwurf gemacht hat, fie fchließe in ihrer wiſſen— ſchaftlichen Seite fich zu fehr ab vom wirklichen Leben, fie gefalle fih darin, pebantifch in gewiffe Formen der Schule fi zu ver⸗ hüllen, und eine Art Brunhildis-Lohe um ſich zu verbreiten, welche zulegt nur dem durchaus — zu durchdringen möglich werde. — Gewiſſermaßen liegt darin ihr Glück und ihr Unglüd! — Ihr Glück — denn ſie verdankt dieſem Abgeſchloſſenſeyn, Arbeiten, welche namentlich die größte Aufgabe aller neueren Forſchung — die Naturwiſſenſchaften — in außerordentlicher Weiſe gefördert haben, ſo zwar, daß für viele Fächer derſelben Deutſchland allen anderen Völkern vorleuchtet; — ihr Un— glück — denn dieſem Getrenntbleiben vom Leben ſchuldet ſie auch wieder einerſeits eine lang nachhaltende Unbehülflichkeit der Form in ſich, und anderntheils zugleich die Theilnahm— loſigkeit, welche im Allgemeinen in Deutſchland der Wiſſenſchaft noch großentheils bewieſen wird. Allmählig jedoch fängt auch in dieſer Beziehung manches an fi zu regen; — der hohe Werth eines Achten Wiſſens vl macht ſich nach und nach in weiteren Kreiſen fühlbar, und wer eine lange Reihe von Jahren dieſe Verhältniſſe zu beobachten und zu vergleichen im Stande war, wird bedeutende Aenderungen gewahr, welche auf noch größere und fruchtbringendere in naber Zufunft vermweifen. Ich felbit, der ich feit mehr als vierzig Jahren den Gang der Naturwiffenichaften aufmerkfam verfolgt habe und durch mannichfaltige Arbeiten vielleicht bie und da fogar Giniges zu beren Förderung beizutragen Gelegenheit fand, konnte an mir, ſowie an Mitlebenden, vielfältige Beobachtungen in diefer Beziehung machen, und gewahr werben, wie, nachdem lange Zeit vergangen war, in ftrenger Abgefchloffenheit und gänzlicher Rücdfichtslofigkeit gegen ein größeres Publikum, unter durchaus eraften Beftrebungen für die Natur- und Heilwiffenichaft allein, man nad) und nad) ſich gedrängt fühlte, große gewon- nene Reſultate nun auch einem weiteren Kreife zugänglich werden zu laffen, und den pedantijchen Girkel zu durchbrechen, welcher höheres Wiffen jo lange vom wirklichen Leben getrennt batte. — Bedenfe ih nun, daß auch unzweifelhaft gegen- wärtig die Zeit felbft nach ſolchen Mittheilungen mehr verlangt ja fie gewiffermaßen fordert, jo fommen mir die fhönen Worte in's Gedächtniß, welche Göthe einft (unterm 23. März 1818) an mich fchrieb, nachdem ich ihm mein erftes größeres und umfaffenderes Wert — meine vergleihende Anatomie — zus gefendet hatte: *#) — „Die Jahre meines Lebens (fchreibt 2) Eiche meine Schrift: Göthe; zu deſſen näherem Verſtaͤndniß. Yeipzig, 1843. ©. 5. vu er), die ich, der Naturwiffenfchaft ergeben, Linfam zubringen mußte, weil ich mit dem Augenblid in Widerwärtigfeit ftand, fommen mir nun höchlich zu Gute, da ich mich jetzt mit ber Gegenwart in Ginftimmung fühle, auf einer Altersftufe, wo man ſonſt nur die vergangene Zeit zu loben pflegt.” Freilich leidet nun oft auch wieder die Zeit darunter, daß nicht immer gerade die Meifter vom Stuhle dev Wiffenfchaft ed find, melde ein wahrhaft Bebeutendes und Folgenreiches dem Leben der Gegenwart barbieten, jondern daß vielfältig Unberufene das kaum ſelbſt Empfangene und erarbeitete, mit breiter Gefchäftigfeit und mehr zum Schaden ald Nugen ächt wiſſenſchaftlicher Erkenntniß, ausbieten und im eigentlichen Sinne gemein zu machen verjuchen. — Soll doch nämlich auch unter der freieften Mittheilung die Göttin höherer Er- fenntnig ihre Würde fortwährend behaupten, foll doch jede diefer Mittheilungen die Ahnung umfchweben von einem reichen Schatz babet immer noch zurüdbleibender Geheimniffe, und fol doch fo immer mehr das gewedt werben, was Plato ſchon als jchönfte Forderung und Bedingung für die wahre Liebe zur Weisheit (Philofophie) namhaft machte — die Bewunderung! — In diefem Sinne alfo war ed, daß ich, frei von ben ge- wöhnlichen Feffeln der Schule, jenes Werf meinen deutfchen Genofjen übergeben habe, welches unter dem Namen ber „Pſyche“ eine fo anerfennende Aufnahme vielfältig gefunden bat, und in diefem Sinne mögen fie denn auch diefer „Phyſis“ ihre Theilnahme und Aufmerkfamfeit nicht entziehen, welde vull die Aufgabe hat, die Geheimniſſe unſeres leiblichen Daſeyns auf eine Weiſe auszudeuten und darzulegen, daß eines Theile. das Wundervolle und Große derſelben, wie es für Leben und Begreifen des Lebens ſo höchſt wichtig iſt, zur vollen Geltung gelange, während andern Theils doch auch diejenige Reſtriction dabei feſtgehalten wird, durch welche es allein möglich iſt, Gegenſtände dieſer Art mit gleicher Reinheit Allen, ſowohl Männern und Jünglingen, als Frauen und Jungfrauen — in ſoweit ſie nämlich überhaupt zur Aufnahme einer ernſten Erkenntniß irgend geeignet ſeyn können, wahrhaft zugänglich zu machen. Ueber das Nähere des Planes im Ganzen verweiſe ich auf die Einleitung, will indeß doch nicht verfehlen, ſchon vor— läufig auf den bier im zweiten Buche gegebenen erſten Entwurf einer neuen PBroportionslehre der menfhlidhen Ge— ftalt befonderd aufmerkſam zu machen, als für melde ich ein eigenes größeres Werk mit Abbildungen vorbereite, den Künftlern hoffentlich zu befonderem Nuten, und allen Andern für richtige Beurtheilung verfchiedener menfchliher Bildung von wahrbaftem Intereffe und eigenthümlichem wifjenfhaftlichen Genuß. Dresden, den 21. Juli 1851. Carus. Inhalt. Seite Ginleitung - .. —4 1. Bud. Yon dem Urgebilde der e Phofs er dem PER drs nien ſchen aus diefem Urgebilde.. tee Bi 1. Die Entftehung der Urzelle . . Eee 2. Bon der Fortbildung der Urzelle zum — OR Fee | 1, Bud. Bon der Öliederung der Phnfis im gewordenen vollendeten Fanfhn. . . . . i 50 1. Bon der Maffe des “ im — an — ia eine menſchliche Phyfis varlebt. . -» - » . 50 2. Bon der Gliederung der menſchlichen Phyſis im Befondern . 108 3. Bon der äußern GSeftalt des Menichen nad ihrer Proportion, Schönheit, unenvlihen Berfchiedenartigkeit und Phyfio— gnomie . . . FR | | 1. Bud. Bon der — der as phoſi⸗ STREET - 1. Bon ver Lebenserhaltung einer einzelnen menſchlichen Phnfis . 218 A. Warum und auf weldhe Weile entweicht das Element unferer Phyfis immerfort und unaufbaltfam?. . . . 221 a. Die Art und die Form der ausgeftoßenen Subftangen 223 b. Bon den Organen und Wegen der Ausiheidung . 231 B. Weßhalb und in welcher Weife it num aud die ftete Subflang- Erneuerung der Phyſis unerläßih - » .» . 245 a. Die Wege und Organe der Ernährung » » d der: Phoñ⸗ Gin und Athmung) » » » . » ı 272 2. Bon dem Aufhören des Lebens einer —— vheſ⸗ — von der Fortdauer der Phyſis geſammter Menſchheit. » . 294 X IV. Bud. Don den höheren Scbenswirkungen der Dhnfis - den Sinnen im Allgemeinen . ; . 352 u 363 1. Sinn der Hautfläde, als: Gefühlsfinn, Wirmefinn Zn 2-3 4 5 u ee ee 2. Die hemicoseleftriihen Sinne: Geruch und Geſchmack 376 a. Geruhefinn - > 2 2 een. + 377 b. Gefjhmadsfinn . . . ..386 3. Die höchſten oder eigentlichen ie a a. Sefihtefinn > > 2 2 2 nen. 36 b. Gebörfinn . . » 2. . 429 3. Bon den willkührlich thätigen gebeneiferungen — Bonfis 456 Schluß und Rüdblid - >» > 2: m nn Dre ne + 473 Literatur und Moten zur Phyſſ24484 Bhnfis. — Digitized by Google — — — Einleitung. Die lebendige thatſächliche Erſcheinung des Menfchen, welche wir deſſen Natur= Dafeyn, defien Phyſis nennen, zu erfaffen, zu verfolgen und zu begreifen, gibt es zwei weſentlich verjchiedene Wege, — ben einen dürfen wir ben analytijch inquifitorifchen nennen — er geht durch das Studium der ein- zelnen Theile, durch die Trennung des Zufammengebörigen (Anatomie) und durch die Gejchichte bes Werdens und Lebens jedes einzelnen menfchlichen Gebildes, er ſetzt das Ertödten bes Drganismus voraus, um zum Begriff des Lebens zu gelangen; der andere Weg verdient den Namen des ſynthetiſch eontem- plativen, und in ihm vereinigt fih das durch Verfolgung bes analptifchen Weges gewonnene vereinzelte Material zum Ge- fammtbilde unſerer vollen leiblichen Grijtenz. — Ohngefähr ſo wie die antiken Bildhauer uns in Fülle Darbildungen der Schönheit menſchlicher Geſtaltung hinterlaſſen haben, ohne daß ihnen irgend das Genauere der Anatomie der Muskeln und Knochen bekannt war, ſo auch kann auf dem ſynthetiſchen Wege ein Ueberblick von den großen Lebenserſcheinungen des Men— ſchen erreicht und gegeben werden, wobei das anatomiſche Detail durchaus verborgen bleibt und der Menſch in feiner Totalität, in feinem vollen, ganzen Leben ausſchließend Gegen- ftand der Betrachtung wird. — Eine ſolche Darftellung hat den Vortheil, einem jeden Gebildeten, jedem nad Kenntnif feines Selbft wahrhaft Verlangenden, unbedingt zugänglich zu Garus, Phyſto. 2 ſeyn, und darin liegt es, daß fie es denn auch verdient, der Betrahtung und Erwägung der Piyche vollfommen gegenüber geftellt zu werden; denn wenn in ber legtern die Verbeut- lichung, gleihfam VBerfinnlihung des Geiftes ange- ftrebt wird, jo fann nur eine ſolche Behandlung der Phyſis eine vergeiftigte Darjtellung des Leiblihen ge— währen. — Freilich iſt es. vielfältig. unternommen worden, auch die analytifche Schilderung des Menfchen ſolchen Lefern zugänglich zu machen, denen eigentlicheres, ftrengeres Wiſſen von dem Bau der einzelnen Theile niemals zugemuthet werden fonnte, aber die Grgebniffe diefer Berfuche find immer fehr unbefriedigend ausgefallen, denn in allem Wiffen von ber Natur iſt Selbftfehen — Selbitunterfuhhen erſte Bedingung, und ohne dieſes geftalten fich die Vorftellungen von ſämmtlichen innerlichen LZebensvorgängen mehr oder weniger zu krankhaft fabelhaften Bildern. Es find died Gegenſtände, welche ent= weder in ihrer ganzen Tiefe ober gar nicht erfaßt werden follen, und jenes gewiffe natürliche Grauen, welches die meiſten Menſchen befällt, wenn davon bie Rede tft, in die geheimniß- volle Welt ihres Innern einen Blick zu werfen, gewahr zu werden, wie die Blutjtröme ziehen, wie die Musfeln zuden, die Eingeweide fi) bewegen; es deutet jedenfalld an, daß nur bem jtrengern Forſcher vergönnt ſeyn ſolle, diefen Iſisſchleier zu heben, und daß dem Laien bier nur ein Entſetzliches er— fcheinen werbe. Anders ift es mit der ſynthetiſch sontemplativen Methode. Der Menfch als lebendiges Ganzed — ein Jeder fühlt fich fo — ein Jeder erfährt diejed Daſeyn — ein Jeder möchte die einzelnen Erſcheinungen feines eigenen vollen Lebens erkennen und verftehen; — er weiß, daß dieſe Erkenntniß taufendfältig ihm zu Gute fomme, er weiß, daß in vieler Hinficht dies leibliche Dafeyn ein Gleihnig und Abbild der geiftigen Welt in und genannt werben müfle, und er fühlt, daß in vielfacher 3 Beziehung die große Infchrift am Tempel zu Delphi eine dev wichtigſten und höchſten Lebensaufgaben immerfort anregt. So follen denn aljo die folgenden Blätter der Erfüllung der Aufgabe beftimmt fegn, von der Phyfis des Men- hen infyonthbetifhcontemplativer Weife ein müg- lihft deutlihes Bild zu entwerfen, und indem wir nur. bie und da einzelne Refultate der analytifhen Methode entlehnen, hoffen wir, daß jo ein Ganzes entitehen werde, dem MWiffenden und Eingeweihten neu und anregend in ben neuen Seiten, welche es erjchließt und beranbringt, dem Laien und Wißbegierigen aber belehrend und fürdernd, nicht nur in feis nem Geiftesleben überhaupt, fondern hauptſächlich auch in ber Kunft, jein- eigenes Leben zu führen und zum rechten Zwecke zu leiten. Mag man übrigens die Phyfis in ſynthetiſcher oder ana- Intifher Weife zu beleuchten wagen, immer bleibt das Unter- nehmen wie bei der Pſyche ein im eigentlihen Sinne incom= menfurables, und findet man nicht einen Weg, welcher dem Stoffe vollfommenft angemeffen ift, fo wird man leicht in der Maffe zudrängender Erjcheinungen rathlos fich verirren. Nur ein Gang der Forſchung ift es aber nah unferem Dafür- halten, welcher bier, wie bei jo vielem Andern, rubig und fiher zum Ziele leitet, es ift der Weg vom Ginfachften zum Mannihfaltigen. Nur wem ed gelingt, in einer großen Mannichfaltigkeit der Phänomene glüdlid das Ur-Phänomen gewahr zu werden, ift geborgen! — Wen biejes Urjpüngliche; diefeg ganz Einfache einmal fich erichlofien hat, dem wird es dann nicht ſchwer werben, der Natur, wie fie in ftiller, fort- fhreitender Bewegung, nie zufammenjegend, jondern ſtets auseinanderlegend ihre Bildungen fchafft, treu und wahr fich anzufchliegen und fo zu einer vollfommenen Einficht zu gelangen. Wie viel des Verfehrten und Irrigen bätten fih jo manche Verſuche in der Wiffenfchaft fparen können, wäre diefer im x 4 Gange aller Schöpfung vorgezeichnete Weg immer gegangen worden! — Notbwendig muß alfo auch bier, indem wir dem ewig Werdenden ber Welt, wie ed in einer menjchlichen Ge- ftaltung fich darlebt, fort und fort mit größter Umficht nach— zugeben gedenken, der Anfang unferer Betrachtungen durch— aus auf dem Urfprünglichen und Einfachen der menſchlichen Phyſis ruhen, denn wenn irgendwo, fo fällt der Blick fogleich in «in leicht die Sinne verwirrendes Meer unendlicher Bil- dungen, Umbildungen, Lebensftrömungen und Lebensvernich- tungen, wenn wir fofort in den innerften Haushalt des ganz reif gewordenen, durchaus entwickelten Organismus und verfenten; während, indem wir fo unfer Selbft, den wunder— vollen Ban unferes Körpers, gleich anfänglih im rechten naturgemäßen Sinne anjchauen lernen, und auch gleich hier— mit eind der wichtigften und folgereichiten Gefege, ald an dem ſchlagendſten Beifpiele, verftändlich werben muß, nämlich daß eben die Bildung und Gntwidlung alles Lebendigen niemals gejchehe durch ein Zufammenfegen — wie ein Haus oder eine Maſchine aus Steinen und Theilftüden zufammengefegt wirb — fondern allemal durd ein allmäliges Auseinanderlegen; — immer durch ein Bilden von Innen heraus, nie durch ein Bilden von Außen hinein; — ein Gefek, dad — wenn wir es nur einmal recht begriffen haben —, uns nad und nad) den vielfachften Auffhluß gewähren wird über die mannigfaltigften Erſcheinungen der Welt, und deſſen Anwendung im Leben — fet es auf die Organifation eined Staates oder auf das Werden eines Kunftwerts, oder auf die Gliederung irgend eines Werkes der Wiffenfchaft, fi vielfältigft und entichieden bethätigen wird, ebenfalls werden wir alfo hier das Studium der Phyſis aus— geben laffen von bem Urgebilbe des Menſchen, vonder organifhen Monas, und dem Werben all feiner böhern eigentlichen Bildung ans dieſem Urgebilbe. 5 Erft dann, wenn nun diefes Werden Far erfannt ift, fann bie Betrachtung fortgeben zum Gewordenen, zum gereiften Menſchen, und feine Gliederung und die Bedeutung biefer Gliederung verfolgen. Nicht fo bald aber ift alsdann das Gewordene erfhaut, ald man auch gewahr werden muß, daß in dDiefem Gewordenen das ſtete Werden und Ver- nihten immer unaufbaltfam fortfchreitet bis zur Vernichtung des Ganzen, und die Art und Weife, wie alles dies geſchieht, muß dann ein weiterer Gegenſtand ber Unter- fubung werden. it e8 ferner aber gelungen fich dentlich zu machen, wie zwifchen diefem raftlofen Werben und Vergeben die Bildung des Menfchen doch auch als eine im gewiſſen Sinne bleibende verbarrt, fo kommt nun die Betrachtung dazu, dieſes Bleibende auch als ein für ſich Han— delndes anzuſchauen und es in feinem Leiden und Thun in Bezug auf die Welt zu verfolgen damit man erkennen lerne, wie eben nur ih biefem Leiden und Thun dann das innerhalb der Phyſis reife, was wir als das höchſte und im eigentlihen Sinne einzige Reſultat eined menſch— lihen Lebens anerkennen müffen, nämlich die Pſyche, der den— fende Geift, ja das Reifen des An-fich-feyns der einer jeden Sefammterfheinung des Menfchen zum Grunde liegenden göttlichen Idee überhaupt. Endlih aber da wir durchaus nicht einen einzelnen Menichen, fondern die Menſchheit vor und haben und da wir bald gewahr werden müffen, baf auch diefe nur in immer neuem Werden und Bergeben fich erhält, jo bleibt es gleichzeitig die Aufgabe diefer Unterfuhung, zu verfolgen, wie die Menſchheit fortwährend ſich erneut, und wie dadurch der Untergang des einzelnen Men- fhen immer wieder erjeßt werde. In diefem Sinne wagen wir es daher gegenwärtig, ben Lefer in ein fo bedeutſames Feld auf neuem Wege zu leiten. Grites Bud). Von dem Ürgebilde der Phufis und dem Werden des Menſchen aus diefem Urgebilde. Nachdem in der Einleitung bemerft worden ift, wie der deutliche Begriff von dem leiblihen Bau irgend eines Leben- digen nur zu erfaffen jey, indem wir zuvor ben Bau und das Leben derjenigen einfachiten Gebilde verftanden haben, aus deren oft durchaus unzählbarer Wiederholung und ſteten Er- neuung endlich die Geſammtheit einer leiblihen Geftalt zu Stande kommt, wird das Erforfchen eines ſolchen Urfprüng- lihen in Bezug auf den Menfchen jedenfalld hier zur erften und wichtigften Aufgabe. — Ding doch ‚das Aruchtlofe fo vieler Verſuche der Phyſiologie, zu einer allfeitig befriedigenden Er— fenntniß vom Weſen des Lebendigen ſich bindurdhzuarbeiten, ebenfalls meiftens davon ab, daß man fogleih an den unendlid verwidelten und fchlechterdings auf einmal nicht zu über- blidenden Bau und Lebensvorgang eines ganzen Organismus, ja gerade bes höchſten d. i. an den des Menſchen ſich wagte, das erite Geſetz aller Verftändnig aber — von dem Ein— facheren zu dem Mannichfaltigen fortzufchreiten, durchaus ver— nachläfligte. Bonnet fprad ed ja jhon aus, daß, wer nur das Wachs— thbum einer Rafer begriffen babe, damit auch Wahsthum und Leben eines ganzen Lebendigen fenne: wir aber fünnen. — 4 noch bejtimmter fagen (denn die Fafer ift fhon ein complicir- tes Gebild), nur wem bie Gefchichte und der Bau ber eigent- lihen organifhen Monas vollfommen deutlich geworben fey, ber werde das leibliche Leben und bie leiblihe Bildung — mit einem Worte bie Phyſis eines Lebendigen überhaupt, und zuhöchſt die des Menfchen, allein richtig begreifen. Welches ift nun diefe organifhe Monas, mit deren Be— trahtung die Lehre von ber Phyfis zu beginnen hat? — Hierüber ift zuerjt eine nähere Beftimmung zu geben. — Es ift aber Elar, daß wir, um biefed Urgebilde zu finden, am fiherften verfahren, wenn wir in ber Gefchichte aller grgani- jhen Wefen und fo au des Menfchen, auf die allererfte — dem Raum nad) allerkleinfte — der Bildung nad) allereinfachite Geftalt, in welcher bie eine göttliche Idee — der Gottgedanke feines Seyns vor feinem Dafeyn — fih urfprünglich räum- lih offenbart und darlebt, zurüdgeben. — Erforſchen wir auf ſolchem Wege diefe Geftalt genauer, jo finden wir überall — handle es fih nun von allererfier Lebensform einer Pflanze — eines, Thiered, oder eines Menſchen — einen fleiniten, von feinfter, ftrmeturlojer Hülle umgebenen Tropfen eines eigen- thümlich Flüffigen — mit einem Wort — eine fphärifche Ur- zelle als ſolche Bildung vor. — Diefes Bläschen, diefe Zelle in ihrer vollfommenen Ginfachheit, als erſtes mifroffopifches Ei !) oder vielmehr als fogenanntes Keimbläschen des Eies, es ift das wunderbar Kleine, im Raum ſo höchſt bejchränfte, der Subftanz nah dem Waffer noch ſehr nahe ftchende eiſtof— ige ?) Gebilde, in welchem, an welchem und durch welches die Ur-Idee des Menfdzen mit all ihrer ungeheuren Berfectibilität zuerft zeitlich und räumlich fich darlebt und welches wir eben deshalb auch in aller weitern Bildung ald die nie fehlende Grundlage der Geftaltung erfennen werden. — Gben aus diefem Grunde muß nun alfo die Bildung des wahrhaften urfprünglichen Eies, der wahren Urzelle, ale eine von den 8 Griheinungen betrachtet werben, welchen mit Recht der Name eines Urphänomens beigelegt werben fann, und gegen= wärtig find daher mit der größten Ausführlichkeit alle Um— ftände, die diefen Vorgang begleiten, und alles ganz eigentlich MWefenhafte defjelben zu erörtern, damit mwir fo dasjenige Ver— ftändniß bdeffelben erreichen, welches dann weiter der Führer werden fann zur Verftändnig der gefammten Phyſis des Men- ſchen. — Zuerſt betrachten wir denn: 1. Die Entitehung der Urzelle. Wo wir aber irgend ein Entftehendes beobachten, wo wir unternehmen, das was deſſen Entftchung bedingt und deutlich zu machen, ba finden wir und — mögen wir an den Urfprung eined Sonnenſyſtems, einer Pflanze oder des Menfchen jelbft benfen, jedesmal an der Pforte des gleichen großen Geheim— nifjes. — Wir fehen in einem Falle ein kleinſtes Halbflüffiges aus fich heraus, allmählig die Organtifation der Pflanze, in einem andern Falle ein ganz Ähnliches Urgebilde die Organi- fation bes Thieres bervorbringen, und wir fühlen und zu ber Frage gedrängt, was tft der Grund diefer verjchiedenen Her- vorbildung, was bedingt es, daß bier Dieſes, bort ein Anderes aus einem urfprünglih ganz Aehnlichen ber- vortreibt, ja was iſt es, das dieſen erften Keim felbft ing Dafeyn ruft? — Jedenfalld werden wir nun bei allen diefen Vorgängen zulegt allemal an ein Höheres — Gedankenhaftes — ja an ein Göttliches zu denken gedrängt — denn nur einem Göttlihen kommt es zu, fih aus fich felbjt zu bewegen 3) und nur ein Gottliched kann das gebanfenhafte Urbild — das Geſetz ſeyn, wonach ein Zeitlich-räumlides denn wirklich geſetzt wird, Sehen wir 3. B., daß einem Scalthiere eine Scheere abgeriffen wird, und in einiger Zeit wächſt ein neues ähn— liches Glied hervor, fo kann ein fo merfwürdiges geregeltes 9 Anſchießen nur gefcheben, infofern die Idee diefer Bildung als das Bild eines Seyns vor allem wirklichen Dafeyn vorhanden war, und fo gilt ed von jeglicher Bildung, daß fie ohne ein Vorbild undenkbar ſeyn würde, ja in dieſem Sinne ijt das Wort Bildung felbit, als Etwas das nach einem Bilde (Idee, Urbilde) ausgeführt ift, abermals ein fehöner Zug in unferer vielbedeutfamen Sprade. Fragen wir daher nun: wie fommt die Urzelle, das erite, fleinfte, begränzte Alüffige, aus welcher fpäterhin unter gün— ftigen Amftänden der unermeßliche Reichthum menfchlicher Or- ganifation hervorgeht, zur Entftehung ?— ſo müffen wir auch bier an das gedankenhafte Urbild — an das göttliche Bild menfchlihen Dafenynd vor allem Wirklichwerden dieſes Da— ſeyns und erinnern, und nur dadurch, daß ein ſolches Urbild als ein ewig Wejendes anerkannt wird (denn alle Idee tft außer Zeit und Raum und eriftirt nur in einem ewigen Da— feyn) fann es verftändlich werden, daß überhaupt irgend eine menfchliche Bildung fich verwirklicht. Begreifen wir indeß auch hiermit, wodurd es überhaupt möglich wurde, daß die Idee als Phyſis erfcheint, jo muß man ferner doch auch ein— feben, daß nicht und niemals in einem Moment, mit einem Schlage diefer ganze Reichthum der Bildung bervortreten fönne, fondern, wie Alles was aus dem Reiche des Gedankens in Zeit und Raum übergeht, von da an den Bedingungen von Zeit und Raum unterworfen jeyn muß, fo wird cs fich jett auch mit dem Wirklichwerden der menichlichen Geftalt verbal: ten; fie kann für jedes befondere Mal ihres fib Darlebens nur werden durch eine Geſchichte, fie muß mit dem Ein— fachiten, dem Kleinften anfangen, um allmälig ein Großes, ein höchſt Mannichfaltiges zu werden. — Das erjte fi) Darleben ber Idee menfchlicher Phyſis offenbart fih daher allemal in ber möglichft einfahen und zugleich Eleinften Geſtalt, und diefe Geftalt, fie kann denn feine andere feyn ale bie ber 10 Urzelle, d. h. die der kleinſten innerlich flüffigen Hoblkugel, denn die Kugel ift mathematifch die einfachite Geftalt und das Flüſ— fige ift die indifferente Dafeynsform überhaupt. In diefem Maafe alfo entjteht die urfprüngliche Bildung des Menfchen, bie mifroffopifche einfachſte Eiform, und dieſe Ge— ftalt und das eigenlebendige Weſen diefer Urzelle wird dann das Vorbild aller weitern Bildung im Organismus, Wo übrigens dieſe Urzelle und wie und unter wel- hen Bedingungen fie entfteht, das laffen wir für jegt bei Seite — davon wird ba, wo wir von dem Fortwachjen und fteten Erneuen der Menfchheit reden, zu handeln feyn, — da— gegen verdient dies Gebilde an ſich und feinen gefammten Lebensverhältniffen nad gegenwärtig die ausführlichſte Be— trachtung, denn wenn irgendwo, fo werben ſich hier bie gewich- tigften Räthſel löſen. Zuerſt einen Blick auf ſeine Form und feine Subftanz. — Die Form ift, wie gejagt, die reine Sphäre, gebildet von feinfter, ftructurlofer Hülle und erfüllt mit reinfter, nur an einer Stelle etwas verdichteten Zlüffigfeit, und alles dies in einer dem bloßen Auge faum fichtbaren Kleinheit. — Der techniſche Ausdrudf für dies Gebilde ift die Keimblafe, ent- deft von Burfinje. — Diefe Urform der Zelle bleibt aber bier nicht frei, fondern fie umgibt ſich noch mit zwei anderen Hohlſphären, beren innere Dotter, deren äußere Schalen baut genannt wird, und jo wird alfo die Zelle, welche als ein Urfprüngliches eine neue Phyſis begründen foll, nun ſchon nicht mehr eine ganz einfache, fondern, nach der bedeutungs- vollen Zahl für alles Werbende, eine dreifache. Ihr Schema würde folgendes feyn: au a Urzelle (Keimblafe). ig. 1. * RE e 5 Secundargelle (Dotter). \ \ Ö) w e Tertiarzelle (Schalenhaut). N 3 d Natürliche Größe. 11 Was anbelangt die Subſtanz dieſes Eies, fo ift fie wejentlich flüffiger oder weich geronnener, animalifher Ur- ftoff (Protein), in weldem die chemifche Unterfuhung nur diejenigen vier Elemente nachmweist, welche bie Träger alles bejondern organifchen Lebens auf Erden zu fenn pflegen, b. h. Kohlenſtoff, Waſſerſtoff, Sauerftoff und Stidftoff. — Aud bier alfo ein höchſt Imdifferentes und mit großem Vorwalten der indifferenteften Daſeynsform, d. i. der flüffigen. In jeder Beziehung liegt alfo bier ein höchſt Einfaches ber Betrachtung vor; ben Begriff beffelben haben wir feftzu- ‚halten und nun durchdringe man fich weiter mit dem Geban- ten: „es gibt alfo eine Zeit unferer Griftenz, wo jene geheim— nifvolle Wefenheit unfered Daſeyns, welche fpäterhin theils als unbewußt wirkende, bildende, erfühlende und bewegende Seele, und noch fpäterbin als empfindender, denfender, wol- lender Geiſt fich bethätigt, noch einzig und allein durch ein ſo Einfaches räumlich und zeitlich fich offenbart, ja wo fie felbft dann noch, die Bebeuitung bat, nur den innern tbealen Schwerpunft und Mittelpunkt diejer Eleinften Zelle, biefes wafferhellen mikroſtopiſchen Keimbläschens bdarzuftellen.! — Iſt nun das recht deutlich geworden, fo wird baran ferner auch verftändlih Das Verhältniß eben dieſes bedingenden Urbildes — zu feinem räumlichen Abbilde, und wir erfennen: - beide verhalten fich zu einander keineswegs wie eine Hälfte zur andern Hälfte, — etwa fo, wie wir oft hören müffen, der Menſch ſey aus zwei Hälften, aus Leib und Scele zufammengefegt, — jondern ed fey ihr Verhalten nur zu vergleichen dem in der Form der Urzelle felbft gegebenen des idealen Mittelpunftes ber Kugel, zur wirklichen Maffe derjelben. Auch bei der Kugel nämlich wird die ſphäriſche Maffenanhäufung allerdings überall beftimmt vom Mittelpunfte aus, und doch tft diefer Mittelpunkt felbft durchaus nicht irgend etwas Materielles und fchlechterdings nicht ale folder den Sinnen wahrnehmbar. — Iſt ja do überhaupt 12 jeder Punkt nur eine ideelle Raumbeftimmung, an und für fich aber, wie ſchon Euklid fagte, *) räumlich nie barftellbar, da begreiflichermweife Alles was wir bei einer Aufzeichnung „Punkt“ zu nennen pflegen entweder seine Kläche darftellt oder gar einen Körper, furz eine räumliche Mafie, welche wieder ibren ideellen Mittelpunkt immer noch im fich haben muß. Ebenſo wenig als es daber etwa einen Sinn haben könnte, wenn ich jage, die Kugel fen zufammengefegt aus dem Mittel- punkte’ und aus ibrer ſphäriſch angehäuften Maffe — denn beide find ein untrennbar Eines — die Kugel ift un— denkbar ohne Mittelpunft und der am umd für fi) überhaupt nie räumlich darjtellbare Mittelpunkt ift nicht zu denken ohne Kugel — ebenjo wenig bat es einen Sinn, wenn id) fagen wollte: die Urzelle unferer Phyſis ſey zufammengefegt aus ber göttlichen Grundidee menſchlichen Dafeyns und aus der Sub- ftanz diefer Urzelle — denn auch bier find beide «ein einiges, untrennbares Ganzes, das Cine waltet als der ibeelle, bebin- gende Mittelpunkt, das Andere ift die raumerfüllende und erft dadurch das Dafenn jenes Mittelpunftes offenbar machende Subftanz. j Wer nun an diefes Verbältnig mit recht rubigem, bellem Auge herantritt, auf den muß es jedenfalls fofort auch eine eigene und bedeutende Wirkung machen, denn er wird bier gewahr, daß in den mathematifchen Gigenfchaften der Kugel felbft allerdings fhon das Geheimniß angedeutet ift, welches das Verhältnif der bedingenden Idee und des dadurch be= dingten Organismus verhüllt. — Wie gezeigt worden war, trägt die Kugel in fi ein Etwas, das fchlechterdings nicht räumlich nachzumeifen ift, einen Punkt, welcher ald an fich etwas ganz Ideelles, doc die Beftimmung gibt für die An ordnung der materiellen, fpbärifchen Maffe und ihrer Oberfläche. Gerade fo nun ift auch das an fih raum= und zeitlofe 13 Urbild einer menschlichen Individualität der ideelle Mittelpunkt, burch welchen vermöge des ihm eigenen Schaffenden, Göttlichen, bie erfte, allereinfachfte und allerkleinfte Darftellung des or— ganifchen Leibes gejegt wird, und man verjteht erjt, wenn fo dies Verhältniß recht begriffen worden ift, wie verkehrt fo viele frühere Vorftellungen waren, nad denen man bad Zu— ſammengeſetztſeyn des Menfchen aus Seele und Leib als ben erften phnfiologifhen und piychologifhen Glaubensartifel zu betrachten gewohnt war. — Sebenfalld wird man aljo jegt fih jagen müffen, daß nach dieſen Prämiffen ein ſolcher Aus— druck nicht minder abjurd fen, ald der, wenn ich die Statue des Apollo vom Belvedere für zufammengefegt aus zwei Hälf- ten, erflären wollte, deren eine die Idee bes Künftlers jen, die andere aber die Maſſe parifhen Marmord, aus welchem die Statue befteht. — Wie gefagt, fobald man den Gegenitand in biefer Ginfachheit und Klarheit nimmt, fo wird Vieles klar, was fo leicht unflar bleibt, wenn man ihn in der Größe und Mannichfaltigkeit betrachtet, wie er im reifen Menfchen erfcheint. Was alfo von Ewigkeit ber taufend- und taufendfältig im Ungebeuren des Kosmifchen ſich wiederholt hat, daß nämlich ein göttliher Gedanke des Lichts fi im Gerinnen des ewigen Aether zu fphärifchen Sonnen und Sonnenſyſtemen bethätigte, das wiederholt fih in und um uns auch taufend- und taufend- fältig und fortwährend dadurch, daß die Idee — d.h. doch auch nichts Anderes als der Gottgedanke — menjchlichen Wefens, immer neu und immer zuerft in möglichfter Einfachheit und Kleinbeit jphärifher Bildung ſich offenbart, — nad) ihrem Innern Gefe ſich feht, und fogunzählige Zellen als Wieder— bolungen der erjten Urzelle bedingt, welche dann als eben fo viele Keimzellen einzelner Gebilde des Menſchen, jenes _erfte Leiblihe und Sinnliche darftellen, in welchem nun ein inneres Seelifches und Ueberfinnliches in uranfänglicher Weiſe ſich 14 offenbart. — Dies find Vorgänge, deren Auffaffung vielfältig, und oft gerade von den in der Betrachtung thatjächliher Man— nichfaltigkeit ganz vertieften Phyfiologen am meiften mißver: fanden worden ift, und zwar deßhalb, weil man fie noch auf irgend eine Weife erklären, beweifen, gleichſam vor dem Ver— ftande rechtfertigen wollte. — Man bedachte aber nicht, daß bier ein Ur-Phänomen vorliegt, d. b. ein foldhes, zu dem alles Spätere hingemwiefen und. daran bewieſen werben fonnte, welches aber felbft, wie in der Mathematik der Sag A — A, über allem Beweis und aller Erklärung liegt, ja von ber Art ijt, daß wir nur durch das höchſte Geiſtesvermö— gen — bie Vernunft — es zu vernehmen im Stande find, weßhalb wir denn auch in reiner und möglichit tiefer Auf- faffung befjelben und für immer befriedigt finden follen. Halten wir hiermit dad, was über dad Entſtehen ber Urzelle an fi gefagt werden fann, in wiefern damit das erjte Keimbläschen, das mikroſkopiſche Ei einer menfchlichen Indi— vidualität gemeint ift, für vollfommen dargethan — fo ift doch nun noch ein zweiter wichtiger Sab augzufprechen, welcher unmittelbar an das Borige ſich anfchliegt und befagt: — Wie das erfte Auftreten menjchliher Bildung nur durch bie eine Urzelle uranfänglicd begründet ift, jo wird alles allmäh— lige Fortwachſen derfelben zu einem vollfommen gegliederten Organismus allemal nur möglid mittels eines millionenfältigen, immer wieder— holten Setzens derſelben Urzellen— oder Eiform. Es wäre ja nämlich allerdings denkbar, daß, wenn ein allererſtes, mikroſkopiſch einfaches Gi ſich gegeben fände, die— ſes nun auf ſolche Weiſe ſich fortbildete, daß eben bloß durch Ausdehnung und Maſſenvergrößerung allmählig ſein, Innen— raum zunähme, ſeine Flüſſigkeiten ſich anhäuften und in die— ſer Flüſſigkeit ſodann unmittelbar, ohne erſt durch die Zellen— form durchzugehen, die mancherlei Gebilde des Körpers gleich 15 in ihrer befondern Geftalt, als Faſern, Häute oder Kanäle, Erpftallinifch anfhöffen. Wie in früheren Zeiten, ehe noch das Mifroftop den Weg zur Kenntniß der ih in's Unendliche vervielfältigenden Urzelle gebahnt hatte, 5) bie meiſten Ana— tomen und PBhyfiologen, jo mögen gewiß jest noch die meiften über fich felbft zum Nachdenken gefommenen Laien das Kort- wachen der wahren ‚elementaren Urzelle zum Menfchen auf biefe. Weife fich vorftellen, fo daß ihnen denn etwa das Auf: getriebenwerben einer Seifenblaſe mitteljt eingeblafener Luft als ein ganz paffendes Gleichnip ſolchen Wahsthums vor- fommen dürfte. — Die genaueften analytifchen Unterfuchungen frübefter Fortbildung haben dagegen gezeigt, daß diefe Vor— gänge in Wahrheit nicht fo ſich verhalten, und höhere philo- fophifche Gründe fünnen auch nachweiſen, warum dies ber Fall nicht ſeyn kann, fondern, wie ſchon oben gefagt, die Fort— bildung gefchieht durch immer wieder und in's Zahllofe fort- gehende neu fih Segen. der Idee menſchlichen Dafeyns in Zellmonaden — in Wiederholungen der Urzelle, fo daß dann die Gejammtbildung des Menſchen als ein, feinen Elementen nah ganz incommenfurabler Zellenbau angejehen werden muß — eine Wahrheit, welche nun zuerft ihrer vollen Gegenftändlichkeit und Bedeutung nach 6) um fo mehr dem Lefer darzulegen tft, da fie vielleicht zuerſt als etwas faſt Unbegreiflihes und Unüberfehbares erjcheinen dürfte. — Es gibt aber ein Gleichniß, welches vielleicht mehr als andere geeignet fein mag, hiervon die vollftändigfte und natur- gemäßefte Borftellung zu gewähren, und biefes Gleichniß ift enthalten in der ſchönen Grfheinung des Regenbogens, Grinnere man fit) daher gegenwärtig einmal, daß in Wahr: heit jenes Phänomen nur zu Stande fommt durch Wie— derfpiegelung ded Sonnenbildes in Millionen und Millionen fallender Regentropfen. Jeder einzelne bdiefer unzähligen Tropfen für fich genommen bligt dad ganze Sonnenbild wieder 16 (wie wir ed an jedem einzelnen Thautropfen gewahr werben können) aber Millionen folher Tropfen find nöthig, wenn aus dem eigenthämlichen Berbältnig aller zum Auge des Menfchen, jenes ſchöne Phänomen wirklich fih auferbauen foll, das nie und nimmermehr in einem einzigen erjchaut werden könnte. — Alſo nun verhält es fi auch mit dem Aufbau der Phyſis des Menſchen! — Millionen und Millionen von Zellmonaben, deren jede immer gleich ber Urzelle nur entftchen farm, als immer wieberholtes primitives Abbild des einen Urbildes ber Individualität des Menſchen, und deren jedes in feiner Eigen— lebendigfeit nur als folches Abbild begreiflich iſt, müffen her— vortreten, damit dann an ihrer Geſammtheit vollftändig fich bethätigen kann, was an einer allein nimmermehr zur Erſchei— nung gelangen würde, nämlich die vollftändige Gliederung jener Individualität. — Und fo ift ed alfo eine der wichtigften Aufgaben für Jeden, ber fich das Geheimniß der Phyſis deut- lid machen will, in die Anfhauung einzudringen, wie durch unzählige Vervielfältigung der Urzelle innerbalb eines und befjelben Körpers, eine unermeßliche Menge urfprünglich gleich- artiger Gebilde entftebe, durch deren allmählig vorrüdende Verſchmelzung und Berwandlung allein das Material dar- geboten werden fann, an weldem das eigentliche Bild des Menfchen in feinem ganzen Umfange fodann erft fich zu offen- baren vermag. — Gewiß! wem diefe Borftellung recht voll- ftändig aufgegangen ift, der wird dadurd einen großen und wefentlihen Schritt gegen das Verftändnif der Phyfis gethan haben, denn es wird ihm klar geworden ſeyn: zuerft wie wirf- lih in einer jeden einzelnen Zellmonade die Idee des Gött— lichen waltet und lebt, und wie fie ihr Dafeyn bedingt, auch von allen ihren Lebenserfcheinungen die erite und wefentlichite Urfache ift, und dann wie hinwiederum die unermeßliche Viel— beit biefer Monaden doch abermald einem größeren Plane bienen muß und wie fomit das ganze Urbild bes Menfchen, 17 welches an ber einzelnen Monade fich gleichfam nur andeu— tet, erft durch die Maffe aller Monaden ſich verwirklicht; mit“ einem Wort: die Eigenthümlichkeit des Verhältniſſes zwi— ſchen Gigenleben auch der Eleinften Theile des Leibes, und doch wieder beren fteter Abhängigkeit von dem Stande. bes allge- meinen Lebens biefer Phyfis überhaupt, es wird erft hier— durch vollfommen deutlih, und ich bin fomit überzeugt, daß wer einmal dieſes Geheimniß vollfommen in fih aufgenommen und verftanden bat, unmöglich in. die alten naturmwidrigen Borftellungen von einer dem fertigen Organismus irgendwie von aufen kommenden Seele zurüdfallen könne. — Es möchte gut feyn, jetzt, bevor wir weiter gehen, noch einmal in kurzen Sägen zufammenzuitellen, was ung bie bis- berigen Betrachtungen über das Entſtehen der Urzelle gelehrt haben. 18 werben darf, ebenfo wenig ift die Idee, d. h. die Pſyche dee Menſchen, ſey fie zu Seele und Geift entwidelt oder ruhe fie noch in erftem, völligem Unbewußtſeyn, die eine Hälfte, und Die leibliche DOrganifation — die Phyſis — die andere Hälfte eines ‚ganzen menjchlichen Dafeyns; vielmehr: 5) So wie bie unbewußte Idee in Wahrheit ſelbſt als die bedingende,. die Wirklichkeit der Urzelle fegende Mitte angejeben werden muß und dadurch, weit entfernt eine Zweibeit in dieſen einfachiten Organismus zu bringen, die Einheit defjelben bedingt, fo iſt auch die entfaltete zum Selbftbewußtfeyn gefommene Idee des Organismus — die Seele — immerfort (wie Ariitoteles ſehr ſchön ſagt) „die erfte Wirklichkeit dieſes natür- lien gegliederten Körpers”, und anitatt daß alſo durch fie die Einheit menschlichen Daſeyns aufgehoben werden follte, iſt in ihr gerade der höchſte Ausdrud diefer Einheit ſelbſt gegebenz — 6) und. emdlich die Urzelle ift nicht nur in ihrer erſten Ginfachheit der alleinige Beginn der menſchlichen Phyſis, fondern fie iſt zugleich auch das Vorbild unzähliger, millionenfältiger Wiederholungen, welche nun als Zellmonaden die wefentlichfte Bedingung. jeder höheren natürlichen Ent— wicklung bdarftellen und gerade erſt durch ihre Geſammtheit den * und vollen a eines we Dajeyns ver ⸗ wirklichen. er 2. Von der Fortbildung der Urzelle zum Menſchen. Unter dem mannichfaltig Merkwürdigen jener unge— beuren Metamorphofe, wodurch menfchliche Bildung mit all ihrem Reichthum aus einem jo höchſt Einfachen hervorgeht, muß ein Geheimniß gleich am Gingange namhaft gemacht werden, und dies iſt: daß — jo ftark und ſchlagend auch biefer Gegenjag zwiſchen erftem, einfachftem Zellenbau und allgemein menſchlicher Vollendung ift, und fo gewiß durch bie 19 Entwidlung das Eine zum Andern werden kann, doch fchlechter- bings Niemand zu fagen im Stande fei, wo das Eine aufhört und wo das Andere anfängt. Wie in der Natur überhaupt Alles ein Fluß und eine große Bewegung tft — Alles in einander übergeht und fih verwandelt, ohne daß wir es feit- balten und fagen können: „bier ift ed”, denn im Moment ift es ſchon wieder nicht ganz fo; — fo auch zeigt die Phyfis bes Menfchen diefe tieffinnige Verwandlung und unausgefegte Be— wegung fogleih von ihrem Anheben an. — Die Urzelle in ihrer Einfachheit ift noch nicht „Menfch” zu nennen und wenn fie durch taufendfältige Wiederholung von Zellbildung fich auch etwas weiter entwidelt, jo können wir fie immer noch nicht Menfch nennen — und num auf einmal fommt dann eine Bildungsftufe, auf welcher die menfchliche Geftaltung fich be— fimmter hervorhebt, und nun ift es ein beginnender Menſch — und- doch. kann nie gefagt werben: Bier, gerade mit biefer oder diefer neuen Zelle, bat er begonnen. — Auch bier alfo leidet bas alte Wort: „Siehe Gr gehet vorüber und verwandelt ſich ehe daß ich ed merke,” die entjchtedenfte Anwendung, und wie man beim Nebergang vom Saamentorn zur Pflanze nie fagen kann: Hier hört der Begriff: des erften auf und bier fängt der der andern an, ebenfo wenig ift eine ganz fcharfe Gränze zur fteten auf dem Wege ber Verwandlung der Urzelle zum Menfchen. Hat man fich aber fo vom biefem erften Geheimniß durchs drungen, jo muß ferner auf ein anderes Urweſentliche dieſer Borgänge die Aufmerkſamkeit gewendet werden, und- bag ift: daß vermöge der höheren Bedeutung ber Idee des Menfchen alle die taufendfältigen Wiederholungen der Urzelle, durch beren Aufbau — wie fchon angedeutet wurbe — feine Ge— ftaltung zu Stande fommt, anftatt durch ihre Vielheit irgend die Einheit diefed Organismus zu ftören, vielmehr gerabe baburh zur Befeftigung des Begriffs derſelben beitragen. — Auf niederen Lebensftufen namlich verhält es fi ’ 2” 20 biemit in Wahrbeit nicht immer fo, indem das Vervielfältigen ber Urzelle allerdings dort oft ziemlich von gleicher Bebeutung ſeyn kann mit dem Bervielfältigen bed Individuums über— haupt. — Gute Beobachter 7) haben geſehen, daß bei den ein» fachit gebildeten Infuforien, den Monaden (Geſchöpfe deren ein Waffertropfen viele Millionen faffen fann, und deren Leib wirk- lich noch durch und durd nicht viel mehr als eine einzige Urzelle ift), ein’ Individuum nur dadurch, daß in dieſe eine Zelle der Begriff einer neuen, zweiten Zelle gefegt wurde, fofort im der Mitte fi theilt und in zwei Individuen zerfiel, „bergeftalt, daß e8 möglich wurde, auf dieſe Weife durch immer fortges fegte Thetlung in kurzer Zeit. Millionem Inbivibnen ans. einem Individuum hervorgehen zu ſehen. — Man kann dies Verhältniß daher allgemein au fo aus: drüden, daß wir fagen: derſelbe Vorgang der Wiederholung der Urzelle, welcher auf niederen Stufen ſogleich die Lebens— einheit zerftören und das Zerfallen eines Gefchöpfes im zwei bedingen fann — er ift auf höheren Lebensftufen, wo dieſes Zerfallen immer nur innerhalb einer höheren Einheit vorgeht — gerade das Mittel, den Begriff diefer Einheit — als Eini— gung immer größerer Mannichfaltigkeit — mebr und mehr zu fteigern. Benugen wir nun jest fogleich den aus ber ſonach mög— lichen unermeßlichen Vermehrung einer Urzelle erhaltenen Be— griff, um von dem ganz Ungeheuren — dem wahrhaft Kosmi- ſchen — des Zellenbaues unferer Phyfis einen erften Ueberblid und zu verfchaffen! — einen Ueberblid, welcher durch bie fol- genden Darftellungen dann immer beftimmter begrängt und in immer größeres Detail geführt werden wird. — Für ſolche Zwede ift e8 aber nöthig, zuvörderſt die Kleinheit der Zelle felbft ſich zur Anſchauung zu bringen. Diefe Kleinheit ift nämlich zwar keineswegs überall gleich, allein fie ift immer ſehr bedeutend, bie größten erreichen Faum !/s0 Linie, und bie kleinſten fallen noch 21 beträchtlich unter Yop einer Linie. Der Zellen von legterer Gröfe, wie wir fie z. B. an den fließenden Zellen bes Blutes als fogenännte Dintförperchen erkennen, würden baber ungefähr 27000000 auf eint Gubiflinie geben! — Nehme mar nun an, daß bie Blutmaſſe eines erwachſenen Menfchen einige zwanzig Pfund betrage (mie denn dies durch mehrere Beobachtungen er- wiefen if), md mache ſich nun eine ungefähre Berechnung ber Millionen Millionen von fhwimmenden Zellen, welche alle Re— gionen eines Lebenden Organismus immerfort und anhaltend durchgieben > Gehen wir denn zu den Feftgebilden über, und nehmen ai, daß dort, wo bie Zellmonaden oft etwas aröferfind, vielleicht nur eine, ja nur eine halbe Million Zellen anf. die Eubiflinte Körperfubftang zu rechnen fey, fo fommen“aud bier die ungebeuerften Zahlenverbältniffe zum Vorſchein. — Raffen wir als Beifpiel nur das gefammte Hautorgan auf, deſſen obere Schichten fort und fort ein immer ſich erfegendes, vielfaches Zellenleben zu erkennen geben, fo nehme man nur in ohngefährer Schägung die Ausdehnung der Hantfläche eines erwachjenen Menſchen gleih 14 Quadratfuß an, und gebe ihr nur eine Linie Stärfe, jo würde ein Qua— dratfuß Hautfläche gleich fenn 20736 Gubiklinien — 14 Qua- bratfuß Haut alfo müßten enthalten 290,304 Gubiflinien. Wir fegen num der Kürze wegen 300,000 Gubiflinien, und nehmen wir an, jede derfelben enthalte nur eine halbe Million Zellmonaben, fo gewinnen wir bie ungeheure Summe von 150,000 Millionen Zellen blos der Hautfläche bed Menjchen. Und in folchen und immer größeren Verhältniſſen fchreitet dies nun durdy den ganzen Organismus fort. — Ueberall treten alfo Zablenverhältniffe fo ungeheurer Art hervor, daß wir fagen müffen, wir jenen bisher dergleichen durchaus nur in den kosmiſchen Verbältniffen, in der Welt der Geftirne, gewohnt gewefen. | Haben wir aber in ſoweit einigen Ueberblick erlangt von 22 ber unermeßlichen Vervielfältigung ber Zellen innerhalb unferes Drganismus, fo verdient zunähft die Art wie dieſe Ver— vielfältigung von Statten geht, noch befondere Betrachtung. So weit wir biefen Vorgang bisher verfolgen konnten, ge- ſchieht es in dreifacher Weife: einmal, indem die einfache Zelle durch Seßen zweier Mittelpunfte ſich theilt nach. Art einer O und fo in zwei Zellen zerfällt, ein andermal, indem inner- halb einer Zelle ein ober mehrere neue Zellen entjtehen und allmälig frei werben, fobald die Mutterzelle zerfällt, endlich aber gefchieht e8 durch Sproffenbildung, indem an einem Ende ber Zelle eine neue Zelle fih anjegt und allmälig aus ber alten hervorwachjend einen Anbang derfelben, und dieſen endlich zu einer zweiten fertigen Zelle geftaltet. Immer ift es alfo das Gemeinfame aller diejer Bildungen, daß innerhalb eines zuerft gegebenen Einfachen, d. h. innerhalb einer fortgebildeten Urzelle, durch wiederboltes ſich Segen derfelben Grundidee ein neues Ginfaches, eine neue Zellmonade, und alſo nun ein Zweifaches entftcht. (So wiederholt fih in dem obigen Gleich- niffe vom Regenbogen in jedem fallenden Tropfen die Spiege- lung defjelben Sonnenbildes immer von Neuem.) An den Gedanken von diefem unermeßlichen. Zellenbau und Zellenleben ijt es aljo, daß fih der Geift zuerft gewöhnen muß, wenn das Wunder unferer phyfifchen Bildung irgend näher begriffen werden joll. Nun ift es freilich gewiß, daß gerade am nichts weniger als bieran in der Regel gebacht wird, wenn vom Wachsthum der Glieder, von Heilung ber Wunden, und überhaupt von Umbildung des Organismus bie Rede ift, und in diefer Beziehung muß daher die Ginbildungs- kraft zunächſt ihre bejtimmte Richtung erhalten. Wir haben 3. B. daran zu denken, daß feine Vergrößerung im Bau unſeres Leibes anders möglich ift als dur Veränderungen und Vermehrungen in diefem mikroſkopiſchen Zellenleben. Wenn wir bas Kind nad und nad fo und fo viel gewachfen finden, fo “ 23 ftellt fich der Laie dies gewöhnlich vor wie irgend eine Aus— behnung ber Faſern, ein Andweiten der Häute, ein Streden der Knochen — und Alles berubt doch hiebei in Wahrheit nur auf einem im unendlich Kleinen vorgebenden Bermehrungs- proceß von Zellen. — Wenn eine Elaffende Wunde ſich fchließt, fo denkt man wohl häufig an irgend cin mechanifches Zufammenleimen und Verbinden, aber man weiß nicht, daß Tauſende von neuen Zellen dort entfteben, daß fie in raftlofer Vermehrung allen Subjtanzverluft allmälig erjegen, und daß fie e8 find, die die Berbindung der Organe berftellen. Iſt man nun fomit in der Vorjtellung einheimiſch ge— worden, das ſich Verkörpern einer individuellen Idee in Mil- lionen und Millionen eigenlebendiger und doc immer wieder innerhalb eines höheren Ganzen eriftirender Monaden zu benten, jo hat man gewiffermaßen die Bafis und dem rigent- lihen Grundgedanken der Phyſis erfaßt, und nun erjt wird man im Stande feyn, den weiteren Vorgängen in derſelben und namentlich. den Metamorphofen, diefer Monaden mit Beftimmt- heit folgen zu können. | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'bub_gb_1MiiY93F_isC_1', 'collection': 'German-PD', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '1851.0', 'title': 'Physis. : Zur Geschichte des leiblichen Lebens', 'creator': 'Carus, Carl Gustav, 1789-1869', 'language': 'German', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '7406', 'token_count': '13484', '__index_level_0__': '3110', 'original_id': 'c1744662edb8255fe2b993bdd457b37560d5db9522aae7909ce9fd1316b02e12'} |
Easy DIY Side Tie Pillow
Hi friends! I posted a photo of this easy DIY pillow with side ties on Instagram and had so many requests for a tutorial, so I'm excited to finally share it with you today!
Its been way too long since I last had time to share a DIY project, which was always one of my favorite posts here on the blog, so its fun to finally get back to it! Bear with my meager Photoshop skills though because I didn't take photos of each step since I wasn't sure if I'd be able to pull it off!
All you need is a sewing machine and basic knowledge of how to use it, a pillow case (preferably that has an envelope closure), and about 30 minutes to spare.
This black seersucker pillowcase was a standard size pillowcase that came with a twin duvet set I ordered for Rowan's big boy room. I was lucky that it already had a flap to hide the pillow on the open end, which is basically an envelope closure, so I didn't have to add it myself.
If you can't find a pillowcase like this, its not totally necessary because you'll still be tying it closed, but I personally like having the extra fabric there to hide the pillow insert completely.
What you need:
- (1) Standard size pillowcase (preferably with an envelope closure)
- Sewing machine (You can also use hem tape for a no-sew version, but the ties probably won't hold up as well if the pillow takes some abuse)
- Scissors or rotary fabric cutter
- Ruler or measuring tape
First lay your pillow case out and measure the short side. Mine was about 19.5" which was perfect to make a 20" square pillow.
Measure the same distance along the long side, in the opposite direction of the opening. So basically you want to leave the opening the way it is and create another opening on the other side (we will sew this end shut though, so stay with me). In my case it was 19.5" + an inch for seam allowance, so mine was 21.5" in length.
Cut and then put the larger section aside.
This is by far the most time consuming part of this project - making the ties.
Take the smaller section of fabric you have left, turn it inside out, and measure roughly 4 inches across. Make two vertical cuts as shown below, then one horizontal cut.
This will give you 8 pieces of fabric, but you only need 6 for the ties.
Fold one piece in half lengthwise and sew along three sides. After folding and sewing, your finished tie will be roughly 1.5" wide depending on how much seam allowance you gave yourself.
Once you've sewn three sides of each strip and flipped them right-side out, its time to attach them to the original opening of the pillow case.
I wasn't very analytical about attaching them to the pillow case because I knew my littlest was about to wake up. So I just stitched each of them on after carefully measuring and pinning them in place so they don't move.
Finally, sew the pillow case closed where you made the initial cut.
And you're done!
I promise its not complicated, the ties just take a few minutes and you can watch Netflix while you flip them right side out!
Let me know if anyone has questions, hopefully this was helpful!
1 comment
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Q:
Get a list/tuple/dict of the arguments passed to a function?
Given the following function:
def foo(a, b, c):
pass
How would one obtain a list/tuple/dict/etc of the arguments passed in, without having to build the structure myself?
Specifically, I'm looking for Python's version of JavaScript's arguments keyword or PHP's func_get_args() method.
What I'm not looking for is a solution using *args or **kwargs; I need to specify the argument names in the function definition (to ensure they're being passed in) but within the function I want to work with them in a list- or dict-style structure.
A:
You can use locals() to get a dict of the local variables in your function, like this:
def foo(a, b, c):
print locals()
>>> foo(1, 2, 3)
{'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}
This is a bit hackish, however, as locals() returns all variables in the local scope, not only the arguments passed to the function, so if you don't call it at the very top of the function the result might contain more information than you want:
def foo(a, b, c):
x = 4
y = 5
print locals()
>>> foo(1, 2, 3)
{'y': 5, 'x': 4, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'a': 1}
I would rather construct a dict or list of the variables you need at the top of your function, as suggested in the other answers. It's more explicit and communicates the intent of your code in a more clear way, IMHO.
A:
You can use the inspect module:
def foo(x):
return x
inspect.getargspec(foo)
Out[23]: ArgSpec(args=['x'], varargs=None, keywords=None, defaults=None)
This is a duplicate of this and this.
A:
I would use *args or **kwargs and throw an exception if the arguments are not as expected
If you want to have the same errors than the ones checked by python you can do something like
def check_arguments(function_name,args,arg_names):
missing_count = len(arg_names) - len(args)
if missing_count > 0:
if missing_count == 1:
raise TypeError(function_name+"() missing 1 required positionnal argument: "+repr(arg_names[-1]))
else:
raise TypeError(function_name+"() missing "+str(missing_count)+" required positionnal argument: "+", ".join([repr(name) for name in arg_names][-missing_count:-1])+ " and "+repr(arg_names[-1]))
using with somethin like
def f(*args):
check_arguments("f",args,["a","b","c"])
#whatever you want
...
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'faa95dd36f6451e1f8ca1a5e61200781d00b460324ddc107b58869446121dfd1'} |
Tom Bissell's Extra Lives asks whether video games are art or an addiction.
Innovation, the Internet, gadgets, and more.
June 10 2010 5:09 PM
Are Video Games a Massive Waste of Time?
Tom Bissell's Extra Lives asks whether games are art or an addiction.
Extra Lives by Tom Bissell.
The stats panel on Red Dead Redemption, Rockstar's enthralling new video game set in the old West, tells me I've spent about 16 hours planted at my Xbox over the last two weeks. It also says that I've finished just 60 percent of the game, so I can expect to be plugging away for two more weeks at my current pace. All told, Red Dead Redemption will consume at least a month of my leisure time, and—unless I get bored of it, which is unlikely—probably a lot more.
By some measures, this is not a lot of time; the average American spends many more hours worshipping his television, and I personally squander an obscene number of hours a day on the Web. What's more, I circumscribe my game-playing to odd, otherwise unproductive moments during the day. Red Dead Redemption hasn't adversely affected my work or my social life. It is also—and this is no small thing—absorbingly fun; playing the game has been the most consistently entertaining thing I've done in many months, and if you subscribe to the theory that pleasure is the purpose of life (a theory of which I'm enormously fond), you might argue I should be playing RDR more often.
So why do I feel so guilty about all the time I've been spending with Red Dead Redemption? Why does it embarrass me? One reason is that, despite RDR's relative sophistication next to other video games I've played, it still feels woefully stilted compared with other forms of popular art. I can't recall a single moment in which RDR (nor any other game) has moved me, emotionally and lastingly, in the way I've been moved by the best music, movies, and TV shows. And yet I keep playing anyway. Why? How can I explain and defend—both to myself and to others—my affection for and continued investment of time in a form of entertainment that ultimately seems empty and ephemeral?
In his fantastic new book Extra Lives, writer and gamer Tom Bissell argues that these kinds of guilt and embarrassment are more or less inescapable hazards of playing video games. Bissell, who is in his mid-30s, is what you would call a "serious gamer." An accomplished journalist and fiction writer, Bissell also carries an impressive gaming résumé. He describes at least a dozen games that he's beaten on the highest difficulty level and can recall, in sometimes alarming detail, what happens where, and who says what, in many of the last decade's most successful console games. Despite all the time he's spent with a controller in hand—and despite the fact that Extra Lives carries the subtitle "Why Video Games Matter"— Bissell seems unsure that games do matter. He admits to being "routinely torn about whether video games are a worthy way to spend my time," and is pained that games "crash any cocktail-party rationale you attempt to formulate as to why, exactly, you love them."
Extra Lives is a meditation on whether games can offer anything deeper than narcotic thrill. For Bissell at least, devotion turned into something closer to addiction. "These days I play video games in the morning, play video games in the afternoon, and spend my evenings playing video games," he writes. For some of this time, he was also addicted to cocaine. But Bissell is deliberately vague about what he thinks was worse for him; cocaine and Grand Theft Auto IV, his most recent polygon-based drug of choice, offered the same sense of timelessness, the same inability to escape, and each made him "feel good and bad in equal measure."
When he looks at video games from a critical distance, Bissell is concerned mainly with their lack of narrative meaning. Games ask us to save the princess, save the country, save the world, save ourselves—but no one plays games to achieve those ends. We play for the puzzle, for the physics, for the sense of being embedded in a fully realized world. Indeed, for me, the "story" usually seems like filler, even in games like Grand Theft Auto and RDR, whose stories are smarter than the rest of the video-game pack. RDR begins and ends every mission with cleverly scripted movielike "cut scenes" that provide some explanation for why your character is doing what he's doing—but the game also lets you skip the scenes, which I usually elect to do. Thus I can't really explain why my character is doing what he's doing. The real answer is he's doing it because I am making him do it, and I am making him do it only because I am having fun.
"This is one of the most suspect things about the game form," Bissell writes. "A game with an involving story and poor gameplay cannot be considered a successful game, whereas a game with superb gameplay and a laughable story can see its spine bend from the weight of many accolades—and those who praise the latter game will not be wrong." What's the solution to this quandary? Should games invest more in story, in an attempt to bring us narratives that are on the level of those of the other popular arts? Or should games abandon story—is the video game, as a form, simply incompatible with traditional concepts of narrative, and must game designers instead find other ways to invest their creations with lasting meaning?
I've asked a lot of questions in this piece without offering many answers. That's Bissell's approach, too, though the omissions are understandable. The questions he's asking haven't really been answered by the game industry, either. Video games are a very young form—they're about where movies were 100 years ago. And more so than other art forms, their progress is also much more dependent on advances in technology and on the commercial factors underlying those technologies—for instance, whether Microsoft or Nintendo or Apple will dominate the game industry five years from now.
Bissell does see some rays of hope for his quest for meaning in games. He is particularly moved by Braid, a beautiful platformer game made by the designer Jonathan Blow, which (according to Bissell) derives a strange kind of emotional significance for the player using subtle tricks of gameplay rather than an explicit storyline. When your character jumps on a creature in Braid, it makes "a disappointed, almost booing sound," Bissell writes, introducing a sense of melancholy and doubt to the player's actions.
But can such small touches add up to a form that won't leave you questioning how you're spending your time? Or are games destined to be pursued furtively, guiltily, and with tremendous frustration, under pretty much the same cultural rules that apply to what Bissell wryly describes as that other single-player personal activity enjoyed by young men? I don't know the answer to that question after reading Extra Lives, but I won't soon forget this book. Although it is about an ostensibly fun pastime, I found Extra Lives quite sad; I'll never play Grand Theft Auto again without thinking about his drug-fueled descent into the game. I wish, someday, to play a game that will stay with me as long as this book about games. Sadly, though, I doubt I will.
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• Jaime Donally
AugmentifyIt - Day 5 #31DaysofARVRinEDU
AugmentifyIt Cards #31DaysofARVRinEDU
I’m thrilled to provide the #31DaysofARVRinEDU event! Each day in March will include an augmented (AR) or virtual reality (VR) resource to bring into the classroom.
I received a surprise package from AugmentifyIt a few months back on the topics of Space, Elements and the Ocean. The package included three decks of cards that come to life using the AugmentifyIt app available on iOS and Android devices plus in the Amazon Appstore. Educators are excited to get these cards because they bring learning to life using augmented reality to address the concepts challenging to conceptualize from a textbook.
The company takes pride in making the experiences support STEAM learning but heavily focuses on the content with the immersive technology. Each card includes an image that triggers an augmented reality experience with a digital overlay. One the back of the card, students will find facts about the model that will be important for the next part of the app.
AugmentifyIt Carbon #31DaysofARVRinEDU
Many times, we get caught up into bringing the best immersive technology experience while forgetting why we include it in our classroom. When asked what apps I would recommend beginning immersive technology, I’m typically stumped. First, you’re asking me to identify my favorite resources, which is quite frankly, impossible. Second, you’re asking what resource is going to support your students, but I don’t know your students to make the best recommendation.
I believe the best place to start in immersive technology is identifying where your students struggle. In addition, if your classroom lessons offer an experience only but don’t include the curriculum, your students are unlikely to have a change in their knowledge. The benefit of AugmentifyIt is taking the content, to experience and then to an evaluation. Just because our students can see the carbon element come to life, doesn’t mean they understand it’s properties. The content included on the cards is just as valuable as the experience, and the assessment within the experience is binding the learning process together.
The deck of cards includes 180 facts and 265 quiz questions to test knowledge. The students can begin by reading the content on the back of the card and then viewing the image in AR by scanning it in the app. At the bottom left corner of the screen, students can begin the quiz. Each question provides four multiple choice answers for the student to identify the best option. The correct answer is shown after each question, and after the quiz, students are notified how many correct answers they had out of the total questions.
Now it's your turn!
1. Download the AugmentifyIt app 2. Scan these images 3. Answer the quiz questions 4. Share your experience on social media using #31DayofARVRinEDU and tag @AugmentifyIt
AugmentifyIt Sodium
AugmentifyIt Sodium Info
AugmentifyIt Saturn
AugmentifyIt Saturn
AugmentifyIt Octopus #31DaysofARVRinEDU
AugmentifyIt Octopus Info
Follow me on YouTube for videos of #ARVRinEDU content at https://www.youtube.com/c/JaimeDonally
ARVRinEDU YouTube Channel
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[The behavior of hematological parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count) and clinicochemical values in plasma (glucose, total proteins, alpha-amino-N, urea, pepsinogen, ascorbic acid, Fe, Cu, Zn) and the content of ascorbic acid in liver, spleen and adrenal glands in healthy lambs and lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis].
In 8 healthy, noninfected lambs with an initial body weight (b. w.) of 24.79 +/- 1.16 kg as well as in 3 groups of lambs (n = 8 per group) of a similar body weight after an inoculation with 3rd stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus (2500) and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (10,000) analyses of the blood plasma were performed for 45 days thereafter. On the 37th day after infection ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg b. w.) was administered per os respectively subcutaneously to the lambs of 2 groups. After 7 and 8 days the content of ascorbic acid in the liver, the spleen and the adrenals as well as that of vitamin A in the liver was analysed. The behaviour of the values influenced by a moderate infection with trichostrongylid nematodes is discussed. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'beb478c64e7cb7149902c692b1f30e2ee43764f77b753777e3fa58bfb9384791'} |
package com.dnielfe.manager.fragments;
public final class BrowserFragment extends AbstractBrowserFragment {
// Implements default behavior from AbstractBrowserFragment
}
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '4af21579f74c58885acb8cd17fcad300fbff5d21cd18cefee97dbb8f23ca86ae'} |
The Black Race Rising: Perspectives from West Africa
Guide To Copywriting
View Charles Friedo Frize's profile on LinkedIn
How To MC A Birthday Party
For the benefit of the individuals who are not familiar with the art of copywriting, this article will focus on giving an introduction to the subject and why it is in such high demand today.
A way to describe copywriting is putting a creative message in front of a consumer.
In the book, Copywriting, it is mentioned that copywriting is based upon three fundamental principles.
When you are writing to a customer, there has to be an involvement between the customer and the seller.
You must then make sure that you explain the rewards as far as when the customer is purchasing a product.
The final piece is achievement and that is what you as the writer will be focusing on.
Whenever you write copy, you are looking to have a certain effect upon consumers.
Usually this effect will be for consumers to desire a certain product because they will want to gain certain rewards.
You know that you've achieved your objectives by hitting certain sales goals that have been set for your copywriting.
There are many writers in the world but there is a specific niche for copywriters.
Copywriters are the ones who write messages but mold them in a way that it brings about an interest in a consumer.
This is why it is more important than ever to have a clear focus when you are writing your copy so that you know which particular niche you're trying to hit within the broader population.
There will always be a need for copywriters no matter whether the economy is in a recession or in a boom.
Companies must always put out a message to consumers and as long as this demand is needed, copywriters will be in high demand.
If you are interested in working as a copywriter, you will have many different places to look for work.
You can decide to work for advertising agencies, on the Internet, or be your own boss.
There are many different markets for you in these three that were just listed.
When you are writing copy for a seller of a product, the key is that you must remember to put yourselves in the shoes of the consumer.
This is done through doing extensive research and studying what goes through the mind of that particular consumer.
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Each niche or group of people will be different in what will motivate them to do certain things.
By doing this research, you will have a better idea of where you need to go with the message that you are trying to convey to your target audience.
This article on copywriting is meant to give you a broad overview of the field.
The demand for copywriters will always be strong due to the need of companies to send messages to their audiences to buy their products.
If you do not employ someone to promote your product, you will be left behind.
This is why copywriting is such a good field and is in such high demand.
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Solo Build It! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '20', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9463663101196288}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '34537', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:YA5JEGIQMDXCTB3FAGFQDCZPFPTVDJCI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6713650d-5103-4c20-a89f-a37121f00364>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 3, 35, 35), 'WARC-IP-Address': '173.247.218.37', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:UWETZSGTELO34MV3BYQVEIXJS7YQB7U6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:06dca5f4-9f9f-48c0-a715-a31ad06ffc36>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.internetbusinessideas-viralmarketing.com/copywriting.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e8e6e0e3-b5f9-4bc7-aace-836a63e76e65>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '652', 'url': 'http://www.internetbusinessideas-viralmarketing.com/copywriting.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-158-222-202.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02798837423324585', 'original_id': '1125f77d92f6c000f7c789afb4781939a0ad96f04f6d9bc785900ad30e01daef'} |
Q:
Redirect to custompage.php instead of viewinvoice.php if payment fails in WHMCS Vs 6.2.0
I wish to redirect to a custom page following the failure in payment as returned by payment gateway.
To this end, I am using the ShoppingCartCheckoutCompletePage hook to check this using the variable $vars['ispaid'].
When payment is successful, $vars['ispaid'] is true and the redirect to the thankyou page works.
add_hook('ShoppingCartCheckoutCompletePage', 1, function ($vars)
{
# Will be true if the order has been paid
if($vars['ispaid'] == true)
{
#redirect to thank you page
header('location:'.thankYouPage);
die;
}
else
{
header('location:'.transactionFailedPage);
die;
}
}
However the else statement is not executing when payment obviously fails,
rather the viewinvoice.php page is loaded and payment status set to 'unpaid'
Am I missing something?
How can I redirect to the transaction failed page?
Thanks.
A:
WHMCS doesn't provide an intuitive way to get to where you are wanting to go, that's for sure. You may need to add a file to execute in the hooks directory to run without a hook - any php you add into the hooks directory gets executed as soon as the system starts up and security checks are done. So this means you can see if you are a) on the viewinvoice.php file, b) if there is an error message indicating a failed payment and c) redirect from there if these are true.
The ShoppingCartCheckoutCompletePage I believe is only called after the order is complete and payment is made, that's what I recall though, and again, it's not intuitive.
Hope that is of help.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b79484805c2e41fdb07c70588ffea987d2fc7a20426b4080d72c991f9df7f9c4'} |
<!-- sell div here -->
<div class="modal fade" id="Model-sell-{{ own.id }}" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Model-moreinfolabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="Model-sell-{{ own.id }}">Confirm Selling</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body text-center">
<h4>Are you sure you want to sell {{ own.name }} for {{ own.price }}$ ?</h4>
<br>
<h6> By clicking sell, you return this item</h6>
<form method="post">
{{ sell_form.hidden_tag() }}
<input id="sold_item" name="sold_item" type="hidden" value="{{ own.name }}">
{{ sell_form.sell(class="btn btn-outline-danger btn-block")}}
</form>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div> | the_stack | {'hexsha': 'c39226ed957b39a8ba87b5d6116517dd3b08bc3a', 'size': '1211', 'ext': 'html', 'lang': 'HTML', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'Stationary-Market/market/templates/includes/owned_items_model.html', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'Sivakumar001/Stationary-Marketplace', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': '7a11e30c34a118880211cb523737dbbd0f504a1c', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_stars_count': '', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'Stationary-Market/market/templates/includes/owned_items_model.html', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'Sivakumar001/Stationary-Marketplace', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': '7a11e30c34a118880211cb523737dbbd0f504a1c', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_issues_count': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'Stationary-Market/market/templates/includes/owned_items_model.html', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'Sivakumar001/Stationary-Marketplace', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': '7a11e30c34a118880211cb523737dbbd0f504a1c', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_forks_count': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '', 'avg_line_length': '46.5769230769', 'max_line_length': '139', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.544178365', 'original_id': '4e72dffd81f94009dd2500ab55acd5bedaed9a722d3eff8644fc5da253b69854'} |
Overwhelmed by crack, Old Town asks for help
Neighbors, businesses want return to drug-free zones
Five a.m. on Friday is prime time for the dealers on Crack Alley. Crack Alley, as it is not so affectionately known among Portland police, is a stretch of Northwest Flanders Street in Old Town. On this Friday morning, our pre-sunrise guided tour by officer Daryl Turner reveals that business is brisk.
Five to 6 a.m. is prime time, Turner says, because that's the shift-change hour for police, and crack dealers in Old Town know it. So they know the officer on duty will likely be writing up his or her reports rather than patrolling.
Drug dealing in Old Town is nothing new, Turner explains, as we cruise by a group of 10 to 15 dealers and users on Northwest Sixth Street. The neighborhood just across Burnside Street from downtown has been the center of the city's coke and crack trade for years. But what is different, according to neighborhood residents and shop owners, is an aggressiveness among the dealers and addicts that has many of the residents and employees afraid to walk alone at night.
The dealers have become more brazen and confrontational, Old Town residents say. In response, the Old Town Chinatown Neighborhood Association - composed of residents and business owners - is drafting a letter that should arrive next week at the office of Mayor Sam Adams, asking Adams and the City Council to reinstate the controversial Drug and Prostitution Free Exclusion Zone for this section of the city.
In addition, the Pearl District Business Association will likely put together a letter supporting the Old Town request, and also asking that the Pearl District be included in the Drug Free Zone, says Adele Nofield, president of the association.
All of which is likely to revive a longstanding Portland controversy. On one side are Old Town residents and shop owners and many police officers, who believe that the Drug Free Zone designation was an important tool in helping them clean up Old Town, until the zone was allowed to expire three years ago. On the other side are those who prevailed three years ago by arguing that, because the majority of the people who ended up being excluded from Old Town for drugs or prostitution were black, the police were using the zone as a racial profiling tool.
Waiting for cover
Prime time on Crack Alley makes it easy to see how the dispute originated - virtually every dealer in sight is black. There are plenty of white and Latino drug dealers in Portland, police say, but they're mostly dealing meth and heroin, and mostly on the east side of the city. In Portland, crack cocaine is predominantly the domain of black gangs, and the crack trade happens to be centered in Old Town.
'This is Crack Alley, and that's Randy Leonard's crack house right there,' Turner says, pointing to the public restroom designed and championed by City Commissioner Leonard on Glisan Street near Sixth Avenue. Turner, who patrolled Old Town for four years until becoming president of the Portland Police Association labor union last summer, says that Leonard's Portland Loo is a favorite nighttime destination for drug dealers and prostitutes, who conduct their business behind its closed door.
A few feet from the Loo, two men are firing up a crack pipe. Around the corner on Sixth Avenue, more negotiations for possible drug deals are under way. Turner says when TriMet's new MAX line began operation in 2009, the drug trade became worse. The trains, he says, provide quick transportation in and out of the neighborhood and an inconspicuous place to make deals.
Turner says to make a dent in the drug trade in Old Town would require a police car with two officers dedicated to the area. But that level of enforcement hasn't been available for years. Portland's police force is down to 445 patrol officers, which means there's a patrol car in this part of the city sometimes, and that car generally has only one officer.
TRIBUNE PHOTO: CHRISTOPHER ONSTOTT • Opponents of a Drug Free Zone cite a 2007 study, which showed the zone was being used to discriminate against blacks picked up on drug charges. The corner of Northwest Sixth Avenue and Flanders Street is considered the center of Crack Alley.
Tonight, David Bryant is that officer, and he says being alone makes a difference when he's in Crack Alley. Bryant says if there's provocation - a fight for instance - he's out of his car in a moment. But he thinks twice about approaching a large group of dealers without a partner.
'By myself, if something goes wrong, I'm waiting for cover,' he says.
Turner says a neighborhood resident walking on this stretch of Sixth Avenue sidewalk right now would certainly get mugged. These low-level dealers are desperate for cash, he says.
Looking at the lineup of dealers Turner says, 'This pisses me off. I want to get out right now.' But he's off duty and he knows that wouldn't be a good idea.
'There's at least one or two guns out there,' Turner says. 'If there's a fight, somebody's going to get hurt.'
Turner insists this scene would look different if the Drug Free Zone laws were in effect.
Zone discrimination?
The zone, in use for 15 years, gave police the ability to issue a neighborhood exclusion notice to anyone arrested in Old Town for a drug offense or prostitution. If someone with an exclusion notice was found walking around Old Town he or she could be arrested on sight and taken to jail for a few hours - enough of an inconvenience for dealers to take their business elsewhere, Turner says.
'It worked great,' Turner says. 'It gave us probable cause to get the frequent flyers and if you don't have frequent flyers you don't have issues we have now - the amount of crime and theft. They'd be in and out (of jail), but that's two hours they can't be out there.'
Turner, who is black, is aware of why the exclusion zone was allowed to expire back in 2007. But his focus is on the street.
'All the people that were hollering that it was racial, are they down here keeping the street corners clean?' he asks.
Chani Geigle-Teller, community organizer for Sisters of the Road Café, says the scene on Sixth Street doesn't justify reviving the Drug and Prostitution Free zones. Sisters serves the homeless community in Old Town, and Geigle-Teller has attended some of the many neighborhood meetings held in recent months about the issue. Bottom line, she says, is that when the zone was in place before, it was used to discriminate on the basis of race.
Mayor Tom Potter favored letting the zone ordinances expire after an independent analysis produced some eye-opening data. It wasn't just that blacks were dominating the exclusion lists, Geigle-Teller says, but that blacks arrested in Old Town for drug offenses were put on exclusion lists at a much greater rate than whites.
Secondly, Geigle-Teller says, the exclusion lists were hard on people who needed to be in Old Town to see their parole officers or to access social services. Old Town is home to most of the social services supporting the homeless and addicts.
Geigle-Teller recognizes that the letter being drafted specifically seeks to make changes in the old exclusion zone law so that drug offenders who need to be in Old Town can still be there. But, she says, inevitably the racial biases of a few, and the confusion as to which drug offenders could still enter the exclusion zone, would lead to curtailing important civil rights.
'It's another opportunity for cops to stop people (who are) experiencing homelessness and poverty,' Geigle-Teller says. 'Folks experiencing homelessness already get stopped a lot. That's harassment and targeting. We feel like there are other solutions to safety issues in our community.'
Geigle-Teller adds that she hasn't noticed the stepped-up aggressiveness among the drug crowd being reported by others in the neighborhood.
TRIBUNE PHOTO: CHRISTOPHER ONSTOTT • Carl Leonard Roberts stands guard in front of the Sally McCracken apartments each morning, hoping to at least keep the Crack Alley action a block away. The Sally McCracken is home to people in recovery.
'Off my block'
Back in Crack Alley, the crack dealers are starting to disperse as the morning sun begins to hit the street. Carl Leonard Roberts says he'll soon head off to breakfast. Roberts, a 56-year-old veteran, has been standing on the corner of Sixth and Everett, outside the Sally McCracken Building, where he lives. He stands here six days a week during the 5-to-6 a.m. prime time for drug dealing.
'I try to protect this block,' Roberts says, looking down Sixth toward the remaining crack dealers. 'They don't like to be watched.'
But neither do the dealers seem to pay Roberts any mind. They continue to conduct their business a block away from the Sally McCracken, a Central City Concern apartment building for people in recovery.
'Yes, but it ain't here,' Roberts says. 'They're giving me respect by staying off my block.'
That speaks to a critical part of the mostly unspoken debate over the exclusion laws. Nobody thinks they eliminate drug dealing; they just push it into other neighborhoods.
For now, that would satisfy Jake Hammer, owner of Everett Street Autoworks in Old Town. Hammer says in recent months he's seen drug users displaying a new aggressiveness with passersby. He's says he's had them walk into his shop screaming at customers, and lighting up to smoke crack when they know he's watching.
Stephanie Doty, barista at nearby Pints coffee shop and bar on Northwest Fifth Avenue, says she looked out her front window recently and saw a woman on her hands and knees licking a sidewalk bench - scene of regular drug deals - in hopes of tasting some drug residue. One morning a man with his pants down around his ankles was standing up smoking crack right at the same spot - seemingly oblivious to the fact that he was visible to Doty and customers.
TRIBUNE PHOTO: CHRISTOPHER ONSTOTT • Jake Hammer, owner of Everett Street Autoworks, says drug users in Old Town have yelled at his customers and lately, have defiantly smoked crack in full view of his shop.
Back out again
Jamie Dunn, owner of the Gilt Club on Northwest Broadway, says he's seeing a new brazenness among Old Town drug addicts in the past six months. They don't seem to care if he watches them light up; they used to walk around the corner.
Dunn wonders if what has emboldened the drug users is a change in policy announced by the Multnomah County district attorney in late summer. Possession of less than a tenth of a gram of methamphetamine, heroin and cocaine are no longer prosecuted, but instead are being handled as violations, much like traffic tickets.
Whatever the reason, something has changed, Dunn says.
'We're picking up the phone and calling (police) every day,' says Dunn, who has organized Old Town shop owners in support of the neighborhood association letter.
'When you talk to the cops they say, 'Look, we arrest them, they're back out again and we can't make them go away,' ' Dunn says. 'If they say this is a tool that we need in order to make your neighborhood safer, that's a tool I want to give them.'
Mayor Sam Adams shares Dunn's concern about the relaxed prosecution of drug crimes. Adams told the Tribune Tuesday that he had not yet received the letter from the Old Town Chinatown Neighborhood Association but that he did not think reinstituting the Drug and Prostitution Free Zones was the best way to address the problem.
Adams said he was concerned about the drug problem in Old Town. But his attempt at a solution starts with finding funding so that the Multnomah County district attorney can prosecute even low-level drug-related crimes instead of treating them as violations.
'The district attorney needs resources to prosecute these crimes,' Adams said. 'That is the root cause of the uptick in these kinds of crimes.'
Adams also said he would put a priority on finding funding for more addiction treatment as a means of combating the Old Town drug problem.
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Crack Alley beating death leads to arrests of three with long criminal records
Oregon City resident Robert Williams died on Jan. 13, as a result of a beating on an Old Town sidewalk - at Northwest Sixth Avenue and Davis Street - in the early morning hours of Dec. 31. Since then, Williams' family and friends have publicly said they were perplexed as to why Williams was targeted.
No motive for the crime has been disclosed. As of last week, police had arrested and charged three people with murder in the case: Lynette Anne Harris, Jarome Lamont Weeks and Anthony Lee Benjamin. The three have long records of arrests for drug dealing, and between them, various types of assault, domestic violence and gang activity.
The beating took place two blocks from the area that police call Crack Alley.
All three charged with the killing of Williams had been placed on police Drug Free Zone exclusion lists before the decision, two and a half years ago, to allow the zones to expire.
One of the three, Harris, has been detained by police more than 200 times since 1989, and charged with 153 separate crimes prior to the alleged murder of Williams. In recent months, she had been arrested by police on a variety of mostly small-time drug and theft charges, many within blocks of Crack Alley in Old Town.
Police spokesman Sgt. Pete Simpson told the Tribune that because a grand jury has not yet been convened to consider the charges against the three, he could not comment on the ongoing homicide investigation. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '5fa64493935866ffa6e5733a171f61f7fbcc413478f498d7e1e8e2409cdf662f'} |
class AS.Model.Dendrite
def initialize: (@observer, @notifier, @config={}) ->
@callback = _.bind(@callback, this)
@on()
def callback: ->
return if @observer.blocking
@observer.set(@notifier.get(), arguments)
def equal: -> @notifier.get() is @observer.get()
def on: ->
@notifier.binds @callback unless @config.bindEvents is false
return if @equal()
@callback() unless _.isEmpty @notifier.get()
def off: ->
@notifier.unbinds @callback unless @config.bindEvents is false
class AS.Model.CollectionDendrite < AS.Model.Dendrite
def initialize: (@observer, @notifier, @config={}) ->
@insertCallback = _.bind(@insertCallback, this)
@removeCallback = _.bind(@removeCallback, this)
@on()
def insertCallback: (item, options) ->
return if @observer.blocking
@observer.insert(item, options)
def removeCallback: (item, options) ->
return if @observer.blocking
@observer.remove(item, options)
def on: ->
@notifier.binds @insertCallback, @removeCallback unless @config.bindEvents is false
def off: ->
@notifier.unbinds @insertCallback, @removeCallback unless @config.bindEvents is false
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/collin/alpha_simprini/blob/master/src/alpha_simprini/core/model/dendrite.coffee', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain', 'date': '2013.0', 'title': 'alpha_simprini', 'creator': 'collin', 'language': 'CoffeeScript', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '111', 'token_count': '364', '__index_level_0__': '43950', 'original_id': 'b8994cae196d8e95f9a7fb4753c102e03305688bd1f0180c2f5bf695d2e873f7'} |
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After a school uniform protest resulted in the suspension of 12 students at Rwathia secondary in Kenya, Education Minister Mutula Kilonzo came out in defense of the students, who were demanding the right to wear miniskirts to school. The minister said:
I am in total agreement with them [students]. Why do you dress a schoolgirl like a nun? These girls do not want to be nuns; they want to be modern like Mutula!
The position taken by the minister has sparked off a heated online and offline debate involving politicians, church leaders and ordinary citizens. Reacting to Kilonzo's statement, Rcenter writes:
When i was in High school, We used to get uniform skirts sooo long, you had to step on them while walking and sometimes even fall down…Recently, there has been a debate over Honorable Mutula's response regarding wearing of short skirts after a school goes on strike after their head teacher refused them to!! I think Most people in Kenya just don’t like change!!! They like to remain primitive and old fashioned, and for this reason, they are dragging the progress of other people who want to move forward. In my opinion, I think that the skirts should not be too long and not to short. Allow them to be at least in level with the knees…That’s not too bad is it???
Should Kenyan school girls wear miniskirt? Image courtesy of capitalfm.co.ke/
A word to the wise: to save oneself the embarrassment and blush of having to apologize or even worse backtrack don’t say anything at all, or if you do make statements be they public or private be prepared to stand by those words; mean what you say and say only what you mean knowing come whatever may you will never need to take your words back.
The Minister has lost touch with reality. What kind of displine are we imparting on the youth if they are to wear miniskirts? By the time they finish high school, they will be in streets in bikinis and maybe swim-suits! These are young minds whose concentration ought to be in education not the attire less all distractions known to man.. Unless you want us to start throwing the school morals to the gallows, then spare our children this! A student is a student and should remain thus till they are in employment to join the working class. By then they will understand better the implications of what they wear when, where, for which occasion etc.
Sure. Let them wear mini skirts, sag pants, style their hair, make up, and all these other things that constitute a modern education.
Jonathanmutie asks, “What is the standard length of a miniskirt, Mr minister?”:
Mutula has been fearless, forthright and dead right most of the time, but what he said about schools girls and miniskirts barely conceals recklessness. What is the standard length of a miniskirt, Mr minister? And what value can this thing add to the learning process?
I think bikinis will be more appropriate in areas that are sunny…I mean all students need to do is learn their subjects, isn't it Mutula? I mean what is the big fuss, if you don't like anything just threaten to strike and the Ministry of Education will form a task force to look into your grievances…even this issue of disciplining students is it really constitutional? I mean, why not talk and plead with students to comply with directives….in fact directives is a harsh word and might be against the bill of rights…let's rename “school rules and regulations” to “polite suggestions by teaching personnel”…boyfriends should be allowed visits under the provision of freedom of association and choice…
let them wear what they want to wear …we are in the 21st century for heaven sake …if end if the come out from school they are still going to wear them…look the street of Nairobi and other places they are all wearing short and stoking s .,…..
Following widespread public condemnation of his position, Kilonzo denied mentioning miniskirt in his statement. He also threatened to sue media houses that allegedly misquoted him.
Mutula Kilonzo never mentioned miniskirts, the media run and said Mini skirt for sensationalism. Sometimes behave like ostriches. Miniskirts exist in the work place and long skirts in schools have no place in our schools. Wake up and smell the coffee people!
Kenyambele does not trust the minister:
What a useless fellow…even if you don't mention the skirt by name, you were still talking about skirts when you said don't dress them like nuns! Why can't he stand by what he says! If he can turn and lie about what he said, he absolutely cant be trusted! I really dislike this fellow
Adding a new dimension to the debate, Water Minister Charity Ngilu argues that trousers be introduced to schoolgirls instead of miniskirts. She says that trousers are more appropriate for schoolgirls than miniskirts.
Let’s let our girls dress like prostitutes at school if they want. Even if they are too young to fully understand their decisions and are simply copying older girls who are themselves copying TV and movies. This ‘expression of individuality’ will surly enlighten the education system.
I also think we should let our students have hardcore sex orgies in the halls. They can already watch porn on their smartphones….. might as well let them emulate it at school.
Heaven forbid us stopping children from doing whatever it is they please. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '0f0b8a3761f9d1cdaa98c2dd5b5dd9f345448d0371d6dc7cb13887db4e3ffc99'} |
Your IT shop is Ugly! Part 2
This is part 2 of a multi-part article series see other articles here:
Innovation is your chaos monkey! (Bob’s your uncle)
Innovation and agility are buzz words I hear a lot in IT. Innovation is more about culture than capabilities. Innovation is inherently a proactive activity, see a problem and choose to solve it in a new way. Agility is the ability to embrace change quickly it is inherently reactive. I had some exposure to an IT environment where everyone was compensated based upon not being the cause of outages. After an outage the root cause analysis would be done to determine which groups compensation was negatively affected by the outage. As you can image this policy was created to reduce outages. In fact, it had a direct negative effect on mean time to resolution. During an outage everyone was focused on making sure they didn’t get any of the blame. Innovation did not exist in this company because it had the potential of creating outages which were unacceptable. No one would work together on anything they had a culture of blame instead of innovation. Innovation requires organizations to be willing to endure acceptable downtime. Acceptable downtime was defined by Google as part of it’s site reliability engineering. It is focused on the idea that we can continue to innovate until we have passed the threshold for acceptable downtime for the month. Site reliability engineers focused 50% of their time on operations and 50% automating operations. Once the month has passed innovation can continue. Using the acceptable downtime or allowed downtime has turned the traditional SLA model upside down. It allowed Google’s IT to innovate at a much faster pace. Increased proactive innovation has a direct effect on reducing the amount of reactive work being done.
The second real challenge is that innovation and agility demand change.
We are focused on the initial state
When you consider manufacturing they are concerned with the initial state. Auto manufacturing has really optimized every portion of the process. They have supply chain whipped, huge buildings full of robots and they produce tens of thousands of cars a day. All of these efforts optimize the end deliverable product of a car to the consumer. Once the consumer takes ownership all optimized automation ends. Once you reach 5,000 miles you have to take the car to a shop where a human changes the oil. If something breaks humans change the parts and immediately start to break all the standardization and quality created by initial automation. End to end creation of a car takes roughly 17 hours. That same car is likely to be in the wild for 87,600 hours (10 years) yet everything is focused on optimization of the 17 hours of initial state. There are a number of parallels to IT with cars. Most IT shops seem to be focused on delivering initial state quickly(day 1), a lot less thought is given to day two operations which will persist for the next five to ten years. The major difference is the customer expected outcome. With a car you expect a drivable product with some level of quality. With a server you expect it to operate on the fifth year the same as initial delivery.
The third challenge is that we continue to focus on initial state instead of life of a service as a constant source of change.
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| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '5', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9460883736610411}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '42813', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:O76CETGHRNSZRKYZ3D4XQIF7IDLKQFMJ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:d7a76ca5-6091-4c9a-bd38-6a3aaa1dbbc0>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 23, 7, 19, 33), 'WARC-IP-Address': '74.208.236.56', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WJD5S2YXRBETTJL7YQ75BVHN6QQQC3IB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6d68e77e-0903-42e9-9ffd-f550a162bab0>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://blog.jgriffiths.org/your-it-shop-is-ugly-part-2/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dd038fda-6a26-4068-b0c5-e691a273ed30>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '593', 'url': 'https://blog.jgriffiths.org/your-it-shop-is-ugly-part-2/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-186-87-179.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.021343767642974854', 'original_id': '85cb1fa74dc4e7c98071b65a06943c5f9cf041a133157d98cba57ad56e1d4b90'} |
[A case of metastatic lung cancer detected by intraoperative fiberoptic bronchoscopy].
A 64-year-old woman, who had undergone left-pneumonectomy one and a half month before, had the resection of metastatic brain tumor. After the end of the surgical procedure, we performed the fiberoptic bronchoscopy for suctioning secretion because we had decided to extubate the endotracheal tube in the operating room. By chance we found a metastatic lung tumor at the entrance of the right upper bronchus. This could not be identified even by means of the postoperative chest X-ray and CT scan. We anesthesiologists should be thoroughly trained in the technique of fiberoptic endoscopy. With this technique we can contribute to the better perioperative management of the patient. It is also important that enough number of fiberscopes are available. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '11eaef749d9384a3e105d9bcefc9ca4e8da61407f8d73ea7cb90f83879834012'} |
Soviets Starve Millions to Death...
Ukrainian 75th Anniversary of Genocide
Home Page
Pope Recognizes the Millions Lost in the Holodomor
Intentional Act of Genocide Still Denied by Russia
Visit the Ukrainian Museum in NYC- link.
"Ukrainian President asks President Bush to recognize Ukrainian Genocide: George Bush Fumbles while Canada's House of Commons takes the lead and officially declares 1930's Soviet-engineered Famine in Ukraine an Act of Genocide" - When will President Obama make a statement?
Ukrainian President Victor Yushchenko is spreading the word... millions of Ukrainian Christians were intentionally killed by the Soviets. The famine (sometimes called the Holodomor or Ukrainian Famine 1932-33) was not a natural disaster, it was a carefully orchestrated killing on a massive scale. President Bush may be showing his allegiances by avoiding the controversy which would certainly be embarrassing for the Soviets and other groups that may benefit from suppression of the facts. The more you learn about this twisted mess of death and propaganda the more shocked you will become.
Parallels in Africa (recent news):
Why did the Soviets get away with killing an estimated 7 million Ukrainians? This complicated story has been suppressed since the early 1930’s, but one man has dedicated his life to exposing the atrocities. His name is Professor Yar Slavutych and he is a survivor of the Ukrainian Holocaust.
While the Soviet Union has denied the mass killing and the press participated in an effective cover-up, the few remaining survivors are quietly dying out and have only nightmares to show for their participation. History exposed the horrors of the Jews in the Nazi death camps, but the stories of the "Other Holocaust" have been ignored.
“In a farm nearby, before the famine lived a young girl Yar had accompanied to school in happier times. For this her mother had rewarded him with candies and apples, and there was joking talk of marriage. In January of 1933, Yar learned, the mother had lost her mind, looked out into the farmyard and seen a huge turkey. She rushed out, slew it with a knife, and put it in a cooking pot. After eating her fill of the resulting stew, she looked for her daughter to share what was left. But all she could find was her daughter’s cap, all bloody. Returning to her senses, she realised she had killed her daughter. She ran into the village in despair, cursing the Soviets, was arrested, and shot.”
– Prof. Yar Slavutych, famine survivor.
How could the world sit idle as millions of Ukrainians were intentionally starved by the Soviets? There were a number of factors that came into play including the Soviet...
Web Hosting Companies | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9732695817947388}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '10141', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VQLVFCOE5QHS5OYYS4NGAR32GFS34BHF', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:032f6063-202a-42c3-9359-328676af4967>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 4, 18, 3, 12, 14), 'WARC-IP-Address': '208.109.181.138', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6OCLUN2ZBGPDCLPUA7LN4SOSGQ6E6GYG', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d610e04c-5751-4437-8cea-c6dfb7051b8c>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.ukrainianholocaust.org/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3f3f82ad-c9cc-4bd5-bffd-5ce86020a745>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '436', 'url': 'http://www.ukrainianholocaust.org/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-15\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for April 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.1375516653060913', 'original_id': 'e87ed4e5c74dc96f4a723e18b9d339965106a0e16f3674ede9690d3af8d3c376'} |
If you are thinking of adopting a chinchilla from us, there are a few things you should consider first:
Can I provide a safe, quiet place for the chinchilla?
Chinchillas are not fond of loud noises and a lot of action, as they usually sleep during the day and get stressed if not provided with some quiet and privacy. Barking dogs, screaming birds and loud children are fine - if your chinchilla is in a separate area like a spare bedroom with the door shut, or a finished basement. Dogs should never be permitted near your chin. Although it may be a gentle dog, the chin doesn't know that and may panic or get stressed.
Air conditioning is a must for warm months.
We have heard way too many horror stories of heat stroke and death in situations where there was no adequate cooling system present. Fans just blow warm air around. There should be a functional air conditioner in the area your chinchilla is being kept. At no time should the temperature reach over 80º F, or it could be fatal to your chinchilla.
Am I prepared to give a loving home to an animal that may live 15-20 years?
Chinchillas are adorable and fun, and very endearing. But life goes on, and people move away or lose jobs or go away to school, and the little guys get pushed aside and forgotten. Of course they can’t be the center of attention every day, but you should be able to provide a clean cage, food and enrichment for the chinchilla no matter what happens.
Veterinary care is a very important aspect of owning a chinchilla.
Most of them are very hardy, but some are prone to dental disease, seizure disordersand heart murmurs that will need to be monitored. It is important to have your chinchilla examined at least once a year by a chinchilla-savvy vet. Most dog and cat vets are not able to provide the level of care a chinchilla needs, nor are they familiar with the proper drugs or doses they use. Exotic vets are typically more expensive for the appointment than a dog and cat vet, with the appointment fee being $50-$100, depending on the doctor. Other prices are comparable, for example blood work, radiographs and medication. Go to a chinchilla savvy vet the first time, and you will save money in the long run. Chin Friends will provide you with a list of vets that are good choices, but beware of doctors not on our list. They may say that they see chinchillas, but it doesn't mean they know what they are doing.
Cage space is very important.
While we understand not everyone can afford, or have the space for a giant, multi level cage, your chinchilla should at least have a basic multi-level ferret cage or converted cat cage. These can be purchased online much cheaper than in most pet stores. The ferret nation and critter nation are good choices. Your chinchilla should also have a wheel in the cage… NOT a wire wheel! They are VERY dangerous, and we have had some 3 legged chins pass through our care due to wire-wheel accidents. A solid metal wheel is fine (no plastic, they break!), but even better is the "chinchilla flying saucer" (see above), which can be purchased online as well. It’s a bit pricey, but it’s the best available! Some chinchillas may come with a cage, but most will not. It is up to the adopter to provide a proper cage. Sometimes Chin Friends can provide a refurbished cage for a small donation.
© 2014 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9364727735519408}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '14631', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:26MTYJ3GSA54E353GPRMSJSNI6VJE2PJ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f7996e08-fc7f-4875-8b0e-7cb86041d1a6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 23, 6, 14, 48), 'WARC-IP-Address': '184.168.26.1', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:4ZTLT5GDYNURMQBZKBHWPIZQ2BDUMYJM', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:36431130-5e81-490b-a0de-eeacb7461ec0>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.chinfriends.org/beforeadopting.php', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1be97f64-86e0-4a9b-b725-15c82aec2cf3>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '600', 'url': 'http://www.chinfriends.org/beforeadopting.php', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-232-145-162.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-43\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05076795816421509', 'original_id': 'ed054e7500395674ba7d720ee84977d0ceff1aabc027474a77230203cf5d61b9'} |
Q:
Mind Flayer at the end of Season 3
In the beginning of season 3, the characters say that
at the end of season 2, a part of the Mind Flayer was locked in the overworld.
However, at the end of the season,
they close the gate, which causes the Mind Flayer to die.
Do they know that closing the gate kills the Flayer? If yes, how? If no, why do they still do it, when it would lock the Flayer out of the Upside Down again?
A:
We don't know and we won't find until season 4, but we can speculate:
In season 2 we've been introduced to Demodogs - most likely an early life stage of a grown-up Demogorgon.
When the gate at the end of season 2 is closed, all Demodogs died and none of them came back in the season 3. At the same time, Mindflayer has been exorcised from Will and it disappeared in the air in the incorporeal form.
In Season 3 we have no more demodogs, yet the Mindflayer returns and builds itself in flesh. At the end of the season
the body of the Mindflayer dies just like the Demodogs.
This might suggest that the "fleshed" creatures are vulnerable to being cut off from the Upside-Down, which would mean that the part of Mindflayer left behind in season 2 is truly dead.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd2caffdfa485d41246973f09d66caa96a6e52a5d7bf9c4af7f98283c184153ed'} |
/**
* FreeRDP: A Remote Desktop Protocol Implementation
* Video Redirection Virtual Channel - Audio Device Manager
*
* Copyright 2010-2011 Vic Lee
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "tsmf_audio.h"
static ITSMFAudioDevice* tsmf_load_audio_device_by_name(const char* name, const char* device)
{
ITSMFAudioDevice* audio;
TSMF_AUDIO_DEVICE_ENTRY entry;
entry =
(TSMF_AUDIO_DEVICE_ENTRY)(void*)freerdp_load_channel_addin_entry("tsmf", name, "audio", 0);
if (!entry)
return NULL;
audio = entry();
if (!audio)
{
WLog_ERR(TAG, "failed to call export function in %s", name);
return NULL;
}
if (!audio->Open(audio, device))
{
audio->Free(audio);
audio = NULL;
WLog_ERR(TAG, "failed to open, name: %s, device: %s", name, device);
}
else
{
WLog_DBG(TAG, "name: %s, device: %s", name, device);
}
return audio;
}
ITSMFAudioDevice* tsmf_load_audio_device(const char* name, const char* device)
{
ITSMFAudioDevice* audio = NULL;
if (name)
{
audio = tsmf_load_audio_device_by_name(name, device);
}
else
{
#if defined(WITH_PULSE)
if (!audio)
audio = tsmf_load_audio_device_by_name("pulse", device);
#endif
#if defined(WITH_OSS)
if (!audio)
audio = tsmf_load_audio_device_by_name("oss", device);
#endif
#if defined(WITH_ALSA)
if (!audio)
audio = tsmf_load_audio_device_by_name("alsa", device);
#endif
}
if (audio == NULL)
{
WLog_ERR(TAG, "no sound device.");
}
else
{
WLog_DBG(TAG, "name: %s, device: %s", name, device);
}
return audio;
}
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'f7b5f4b91254310ecc19b7909d23345b4210968cbe398fe86f819686dd3ea991'} |
Thursday, January 26, 2017
Simple Personal Github Page (with Jekyll)
I remember when I was creating my first Github Page. I was still quite new to git, did not understand branches and I was lost in Jekyll configuration. This step-by-step guide is intended for people in such situation that are, however, users of a) Github b) RStudio (if not, read this).
4. Commit Changes and Push Them to Github
Finally, go into your RStudio "Git" panel, select all files and commit them with and an appropriate message ("initial commit of my first Github Page, hurray!").
Git panel is just next to Environment and History
You might want to check that Github Pages are turned on in your repo's setting (https://github.com/USERNAME/USERNAME.github.io/settings). You might need to wait for a minute or two before the page is generated. Do not like it? Modify - commit - push (- make a tea - rinse - and repeat).
1 comment:
Thanks for the detailed instructions. I have toyed around with the guidelines but somehow the site is failing. As an alternative, I have cloned your code and it works fine. The challenge comes when I want to out a new post. I get an error : Cannot find the configuration file config.yaml or config.toml of the website | mini_pile | {'original_id': '19543f3fd512ca02b7a89a407bdc279201101ba4e26698f9cfeec55882f49ab0'} |
IJ’s Bone Marrow Case: Rational Basis Test
In the past two posts, I outlined the Institute for Justice’s constitutional challenge to the bone marrow provision of the National Organ Transplant Act. In short, our clients want to use strategic incentives such as $3,000 scholarships to incentivize more lifesaving bone marrow donations, but doing so is considered criminal organ-selling.
Today, I’ll discuss the standard of review that applies to the bone marrow case, called the “rational basis test,” and critique the constitutional philosophy known as judicial minimalism. Tomorrow, I’ll talk about how principled judicial engagement works (as opposed to judicial activism, which is a legitimate, though overblown, concern).
The bone marrow case is about unenumerated rights so before getting to the rational basis test, let’s briefly discuss unenumerated rights. Among some conservatives, unenumerated rights are met with glib dismissal, often along the lines of “Last time I checked, the Constitution didn’t say anything about [asserted right X].”
But no one seriously disputes that unenumerated rights exist, although there is considerable debate over their nature and scope. Who doubts that we have the right to travel or vote or raise children? The right to earn an honest living in the lawful occupation of your choice was among the first unenumerated rights the Supreme Court recognized and that right has an undeniable basis in the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (see Randy Barnett’s outstanding scholarship).
In terms of the bone marrow case, the right at stake is the right to defend human life through safe, effective, lifesaving, and otherwise legal medical treatment. Is there serious doubt that this right exists? Suppose Congress passed a law forbidding doctors from providing medical treatment to the sickest or oldest Americans in an effort to control healthcare costs. Wouldn’t that obviously violate the rights of doctors and patients? Until Congress enacted NOTA in 1984, the right of a parent like our client Doreen Flynn to secure otherwise legal medical treatment for her girls had never been conditioned on someone doing something for free.
The history of the Constitution supports unenumerated rights. Madison presciently warned against enumerating rights because he foresaw what has become a cornerstone of the judicial-minimalist worldview: the argument that the only rights we have are enumerated ones.
Inordinate emphasis on protecting only the relatively few enumerated rights cannot be squared with the Constitution as a whole. The Bill of Rights was part of a constitutional scheme that was both intended and understood to have created a government of limited, enumerated powers. Had the authors of the Constitution known that what I’ll call “legislative activists” in the elected branches would, with the eventual approval of the courts, repudiate any structural limitations on their power, then we would likely have a much different Bill of Rights, one that presumably would have expressly identified a much larger set of liberties. Judicial minimalists should understand that the enumeration of certain rights does not reflect a decision by the Constitution’s ratifiers that the federal government is supposed to be, to borrow Randy’s metaphor, a vast sea of government power with tiny islets of liberty.
Unenumerated rights are in the Constitution. But here’s something that isn’t: the rational basis test. Applying the rational basis doctrine to unenumerated rights emerged out of a series of 1930s cases, particularly Carolene Products and its infamous footnote four, which collectively stand for the proposition that legislation will be upheld as long as there is a rational basis for it. In an economic liberty case in 1955, Williamson v. Lee Optical held that a law need only have a “conceivable” rational basis, meaning that the actual purpose and effect of the law, and the facts of the case, supposedly don’t matter much. (Justice Douglas, who wrote Williamson, conveniently forgot about the rational basis test a decade later when he came across an unenumerated right he liked in Griswold v. Connecticut: privacy in the context of contraceptive use). In modern rhetoric, social and economic legislation subject to an unenumerated rights challenge will be upheld unless the plaintiff can “negative every conceivable rational basis for it,” whatever that means. Conventional wisdom holds that this is really just code for the government always wins.
This slicing and dicing of rights into different categories with different standards of review, and placing an extraordinarily onerous burden on certain rights, is pure judicial invention. Conservative-leaning judicial minimalists should reflect on the irony that their philosophy is rooted in the big-government agenda of the New Deal Era, and that among the Supreme Court’s most “minimalist” decisions—in the sense of showing extreme deference to the elected branches—are its most activist ones such as the refusal to enforce essentially any structural limits on federal power (Wickard, Raich).
There is no reason why the government’s legitimate functions—like protecting public health and safety—necessitate a standard of review in which courts are required to ignore pro-citizen facts, invent pro-government facts, and actively try to imagine reasons to uphold anything a legislature has done. Why is the truth antithetical to constitutional adjudication?
Not even the Supreme Court believes its own rhetoric about blind deference to legislatures. In the context of rational basis review, the Court pretends that legislative acts embody popular will and were created through a deliberative legislative process that must be respected at all costs. But in the campaign finance context, the Court uncritically accepts the premise that legislatures are corrupt or seem corrupt, and thus upholds massive restrictions on the First Amendment. How can the Court possibly reconcile its view of politics in the campaign finance context with its Pollyanna-perspective on legislatures in other contexts? (For the record, the solution to corrupt and activist legislatures is constitutional limits on their power, not campaign “reform” laws that vitiate rights to speak, assemble, and petition the government).
And if the rational basis test is so great, why not have it for everything? Pick a right you like and then think about what it would mean for that right to get rational basis review?
Fortunately for liberty and our clients in the bone marrow case, the Supreme Court also doesn’t believe its own rhetoric about the rational basis test. After all, if the standard were truly that government power will be upheld unless the citizen can “negative” every “conceivable” justification, then citizens would never win rational basis cases.
But they do. The Supreme Court has invalidated at least a dozen laws under the rational basis test. And there are literally hundreds of federal and state trial and appellate decisions doing the same in an array of contexts. They don’t do it often enough to provide our liberty with the protection it deserves, but courts certainly do protect citizens from irrational, arbitrary, and otherwise illegitimate uses of government power.
Tomorrow, I will discuss principled judicial engagement in the context of the bone marrow case and how to avoid falling into the trap of judicial activism. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9335918426513672}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '77453', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:D2UWOODT5DISTWSU47ROVM2DV3FGUZQ3', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:bbc74a9c-12ee-4c02-8b91-1c17c293b77f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 10, 16, 40, 23), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.58.107.160', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VGFWGF5QCEL4VJGUQCK7F3IRK6CF2XS7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:75041dfc-173e-42bb-8204-0a4aef1d41e4>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.volokh.com/2009/11/04/ijs-bone-marrow-case-rational-basis-test/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:253702fa-e826-49c6-8c86-b7cbad9ad2f4>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1131', 'url': 'http://www.volokh.com/2009/11/04/ijs-bone-marrow-case-rational-basis-test/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-10\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for March 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.16792714595794678', 'original_id': '16d90cdef10b822a45be2326719b0a125b03fe60be5f804b749e873e3661293a'} |
New York Bully Crew held a meet and greet with some of their well-known dogs in Tottenville on Sunday. The nonprofit is an animal rescue organization that specializes in rescuing pit bulls. People were able to take pictures with rescued puppy Lil Earl Grey, who has 50,000 followers on Instagram, and Fathead McGee, a pit bull rescue that is battling cancer.
"Each and every dog touches hearts of other people in different ways and I think that's what makes the dogs of New York Bully Crew very special," said Carla Mohan, from New York Bully Crew.
To learn more about dogs up for adoption or ways to volunteer head to NYBullyCrew.Org | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9722616672515868}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '51190', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VZ4OY4Z7JX2JVX2M7G2I4GYFLPPZL7PL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:77a0686e-312f-4426-a38b-0992c5211a65>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 3, 22, 7, 10, 41), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.173.194.222', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:SAIY4ODFLFD3SCDKOQTGU5K7PXYKTAZC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7ba31c79-bf5e-4bb6-b0cc-854d2df9ad40>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.ny1.com/nyc/staten-island/news/2018/03/12/famous-pooches-bring-awareness-to-animal-rescue-on-staten-island', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:2867003c-9acf-411c-a894-ba441ff8309f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '110', 'url': 'https://www.ny1.com/nyc/staten-island/news/2018/03/12/famous-pooches-bring-awareness-to-animal-rescue-on-staten-island', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-13\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-167-248-25.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.13705837726593018', 'original_id': '8544537395bb7cf1f7a7ae878be644eb832c96afb749fb311f1852fe296a8e29'} |
Are Your Kids TOFI?
A new acronym has emerged in the fight against obesity and other metabolic risk factors for heart disease: TOFI, which stands for thin on the outside and fat on the inside.
Obesity researchers have discovered that many normal weight children (about 15%) have an inordinate amount of visceral fat. That's fat surrounding their internal organs. As you may know, this finding is associated with metabolic derangements like diabetes and has been shown to increase the risk for heart disease.
This is in line with a current paradigm shift in how we look at the origins of obesity and why there is a growing need for easy weight loss programs. We used to believe that obesity was the cause of all the health problems that ensue. Now we are coming to discover that for many people, this is completely backwards. These metabolic disorders, which are signaled by the presence of excess visceral fat, could lead to hormonal changes that then lead to weight gain. These metabolic disorders are often mediated by a process known as “insulin resistance.”
Something happens in people who suffer from this condition that makes the insulin in their bodies less effective; their bodies actually become resistant to the effects of insulin. As a result, they have to produce greater levels of insulin to control blood sugar. Insulin is a hormone with many functions, one of which is to help our bodies accumulate fat. As a result of having higher levels of insulin, people with insulin resistance gain weight more quickly and easily and have a more difficult time losing weight.
It's not certain what triggers insulin resistance or what has led to this sudden rise in metabolic disorders in children. Some theories include a change in our digestive flora because of the overuse of antibiotics in humans and within the food chain. Another leading theory is that the higher levels of hidden sugar (mainly fructose) are leading to the metabolic derangements that trigger insulin resistance.
Currently, precise tools for the diagnosis of insulin resistance are not available. There are, however, blood tests that can estimate the presence of insulin resistance using fasting blood sugar and insulin levels. There are also imaging tests available at affordable rates that can quantify the amount of visceral fat.
Visit this link to learn about our easy weight loss programs.
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The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) board voted in favor of a fare increase at a board meeting on November 21, which would see the prices of tokens and adult PRESTO fares rise to $3.00 from the current $2.90; adult cash fares will remain the same at $3.25.
The proposed changes, once approved by city council, will also increase the price of passes. Adult Metropasses will sell for $146.25 from the previous $141.50 and weekly passes will stand at $43.75 from $42.25.
Rides for students and seniors are also set to increase, with fares rising to $2.10 from $2.00. In addition, the TTC will sell post-secondary Metropasses for $116.75, up from the current price of $112.00.
Next year will be the sixth in a row that transit fares have risen. The most recent increase in January 2016 saw adult fares rise by 25 cents to $3.25. TTC CEO Andy Byford wrote in a blog post that the TTC board decided there would be no fare increases in 2018.
The changes are projected to bring in an additional $27 million for the transit agency, which has an overall budget shortfall of $231 million.
Its estimated budget gap comes after the mayor’s request for all city departments to slash their budgets by 2.6 per cent, including the subsidy that partly funds the TTC.
The 10 cent fare hike is part of the transit agency’s plan to ease its financial burden, which, as the Toronto Star reports, also includes “savings from reducing projections for fuel, overtime, and employee benefit costs,” and delaying the switchover to the Presto card system.
With the additional measures, the TTC will expect a deficit of $61 million in its budget for 2017.
The proposed fare increases are pending approval from Toronto City Council.
Stay up to date. Get breaking news alerts, sent straight to your inbox: | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'cd144be6952dc587e439012fa19221eb4ddb7eefe1a6a704c320fcee5583cdec'} |
[The correction of the disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome in the emergency surgery of gastrointestinal tract cancer].
The authors estimate results of correction of the hemostasis system in surgical treatment of 63 patients with complicated carcinoma of the gastro-intestinal tract. It was found that purulent peritonitis, profuse hemorrhage and obturative obstruction facilitated the development of local and generalized DIC syndrome. Methods of correction of the hemostasis system, endogenous intoxication during preoperative preparing are described. Expedience of radical operations is stressed. Complex postoperative detoxication is recommended as well as measures for the restoration of activity of the vascular-thrombocytic hemostasis and prevention of thrombus formation. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'ad359b5f5f2a47ede19028928ef5c234c4a06a39a214ce4e372cfea3a6414458'} |
World View & Market Commentary. Forest first; Trees second. Focused on Real & Knowable facts that filter through the "experts" fluff and media hyperbole. Where we've been, what the future may hold and developing a better way forward.
Monday, August 23, 2010
Equity futures are up slightly this morning, the dollar and bonds are down slightly, while oil and gold are both close to break even.
With 83 new 52 week highs and 95 new lows, we did receive another solid Hindenburg Omen on Friday as all other conditions were met as well. With an undisputed Hindenburg on the clock, the odds of a stock market plunge meeting the definition of a crash, -15% or greater, goes up to about 30%. No crash since 1985 has occurred without one, and the odds of a significant decline, something less than a crash, are significantly higher.
Combine the two Head & Shoulder patterns that are targeting 860 on the SPX along with the large number of 90%+ swings in both directions, and I think the market is telling us that we’re on the verge of moving towards that 860 target – achieving that target will meet the definition of a crash. Once a Hindenburg is on the clock, receiving more of them simply moves the window that it’s valid out further in time, currently this one is valid until almost Christmas. Four months is a pretty large window… as always, do not expect a straight line, but do expect the decline to unfold in waves.
It would appear that we may have begun wave 3 of 3 down last Thursday, and possibly finished the first subwave down. That means that we may be experiencing a small degree wave 2 that began Friday and that could continue for some time today – but keep in mind that wave 3s travel quickly, so wave 2 may not be as strong as other wave 2s.
There is definitely more recognition that the economy is weakening. Rosenberg is now forecasting negative quarter 3 GDP growth, this is the timeframe which I am also expecting that trumped up report to also roll (I don’t think we’ve had REAL growth for more than a decade). Friday the second cut at Q2 GDP is released, the prior was +2.4% and now the consensus is for a revision to 1.3%.
There is no economic data to report today, we get home sales data this week, Durable Goods on Wednesday, GDP and Consumer Sentiment on Friday.
I think it’s significant that the Iranians began to fuel their nuclear reactor without an Israeli strike as some people expected. I don’t know all the games being played, but I am still paying attention to that situation and think it still has potential to have significant developments at any time.
The bizarre headline of the weekend was Sweden filing rape charges against WikiLeaks Founder Julian Assange. This sounded very much like a subversive attempt to discredit and to silence him, and sure enough charges were dropped within a day. The American Administration and military, of course, hate what he’s doing and thus it’s not difficult to imagine that our own morons are playing games with yet another vocal critic’s life. It’s tough having transparency forced upon you when you’re a bad actor. The seeds of discontent are growing as are the games being played to keep the “weeds” out of their very fertile power and control garden.
For now the Monday morning ramp looks pretty weak but with the possibility of being in wave 2, I think we could run a little to shake out weak hands. Below is a 30 minute chart showing the smaller H&S pattern that targets approximately SPX 1010. The neckline of that pattern is broken and it is confirmed, however prices can bounce back above the neckline:
The 1010 target, when achieved, will reconfirm the larger H&S pattern made over the past year:
On the Weekly charts, last week’s candle deepened the 13/34 weekly exponential moving average bearish cross. That cross was whipsawed two weeks ago, once again showing that its best when using the long term crosses to allow a 1% cross before actually acting on a signal like that.
As Assange found out, the controller’s tentacles run long and deep... they consider the world their little garden. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7dbe3632cd280667c1ad11bf8452ed3b7062ec84e797f44d1edbf6386c83af9b'} |
the Way To purchase The appropriate Reborn Doll
Once your paints are well combined, use a fan-point paint brush to coat the interior of the head and body with an even layer of purple. This can take a bit of time, but only keep going smoothly along until you do not see many bright streaks inside the head where light is reflecting through the vinyl.
Reborns will have head and vinyl or silicone limbs. The body is frequently flannel, or doe suede and will have joints on the arms and legs so you can present your new doll. Inside body, the limbs and head the artist will use plastic poly, glass beads, or polyester fibre fill - pellets to make Reborn Baby Dolls feel substantial. The doll will feel like a newborn baby when you hold her in your arms if done correctly. Personally, I use a drop of baby powder scented oil inside the body to give her a mild baby powder smell. This is a light scent and you'll be able to give the body a gentle squeeze to release more odor.
First comes what is referred to as the purple wash. This is the the art of taking purple acrylic paint to the infant to allow it to be seem as though it has life. You want a dark purple mix when doing this for the darker the color of purple you use the more life like the reborn doll will appear. Take heed though, as you could wind up with what is known as a "bruised baby". If it happens it can be mended by blending in some white and pink to lighten up the color of the purple. Use a fan point brush to cover body and the inside head with a layer of purple. Later place it around safe to dry and then scrutinize it.
reborn dolls are fundamentally dolls that are out of vinyl, and are brought as close to reality as possible. They are made by folks called reborners and the process is aptly called "reborning". Reborners are typically artists , who take any vinyl doll up, add multiple layers of paint and other materials that are required, and create a doll that looks very much like a real baby. Reborn dolls are meant for those who've lost a child, or need to cherish the moments they spent with their now grown up kid. Some people also purchase dolls that are reborn as collectibles.
Photographs are a great selling tool on ebay. Be sure you shoot photographs at angles that your customers will need to find to showcase your dolls. Photograph your dolls in different outfits and accessories to provide alternatives and options to the new owner. A full range of well- can be a deciding factor in ensuring a reborn doll deal and shotphotographs is essential for ebay selling.
The first basic step on how to reborn a baby doll is choosing the ideal doll with which to start your new creation on. The most perfect sort of vinyl dolls for reborn artists today are Berenguer dolls. Designed by expert Spanish doll maker, Salvador Berenguer, these dolls are of higher quality and come with faces that are more realistic.
Finally comes eyebrows and lashes. Lashes are rather easy. Just get the lashes from their backing. Then set the eyelashes on the eyeball very close to the eyelid. Use a toothpick to push at the sticky component behind the eyelid and your done. Then lightly sketch in the eyebrows with an eyeliner. Make sure they're light as infants have really light eyebrows and you need your reborn dolls to appear as real as possible. They need to be symmetrical and narrow. After the eyebrows are in, you're done.
Over recent months, reborn baby dolls have become more popular and more. Yet, most individuals don't even know what a reborn baby is. Reborn infants are doll replicas of a real infant. The doll is likely made from vinyl and often times the creator of the doll will add items for example glass or beads to get the baby a realistic feel. But some may ask why are people attached to these dolls? One reason is that many women who no longer have kids can take comfort in these dolls. They remember what's what like to have a newborn baby and can cradle them.
A tips For Buying Reborn Baby Dolls
To accomplish the tea party you can make their day by thinking about all the extras that are needed; such as plates, outfits, decorations, and food items.
Make baby pillows, body pillows, floor pillows, reborn dolls for sale, and many other items by starting with the grocery bags. Keep in mind that if you use a light colored fabric, you may be able to see through it, and the words on the grocery bags might be visible.
Instead, Bratz has simply changed the dolls to make them more suitable for their originally intended market, and all is fine these days. But there are some dolls that really would make a better fit for Reborn Babies .
She has movable arms and legs as well as curly pigtails that can be brushed. She has all of her necessary bathroom accessories such as her toilet, sink, towel, cup, soap dispenser, toothbrush, toothpaste tube and two bathroom shelves so not only is she a great potty training doll, she can help get your little girl to brush her teeth.
The dolls can also be very rare. Artists from around the globe work on one doll at a time, sometimes pouring hundreds of hours of effort into a single piece of work. Their unique work and high level of craftsmanship have created a market where quality dolls can go for as much as $5000.
The doll does have that original Strawberry Shortcake scent that many of us can recall...but besides that, out of the box the doll just looks like a waste of rubber.
Reborn Baby Dolls For women who are unable to bear babies, also called empty nesters, or for those who planned to have babies later in life but have reached the age where it's too late and there's no turning back, this is also one way of coping up with being unable to have one's own child. There are even adoption papers when purchasing a doll to really make it feel real. This helps fill the void that these women have from being childless. The reborn will keep them company. Aside from that, carrying and cuddling these dolls help awaken the mother's instinct in a woman and helps boost her esteem whenever people pass her by and tell her how cute her "baby" is as she takes it for a short stroll outside.
Reborn Baby Dolls Some people like their dolls to look very real with milk spots, rashes and scratches. If you don't like these don't buy a reborn baby dolls with them. Its personal taste. I personally don't like these. I know they are realistic but when my real babies had rashes I couldn't wait for them to go away. So I am of the view I wouldn't want them on a doll permanently.
Jason Voorhees, a deformed young boy drowned by his fellow camp members. Mrs. Voorhees, a woman driven to revenge by the death of her son. Camp counselors, doomed to be chopped to bits by the crazy old lady who is for some reason mistaken for her son as she goes on her gore fest murder spree. This movie was, just that, filled with gore. This was a movie that people got a good scream out of then turned around and had a good laugh. But hey it's a classic slasher flick.
Free, knitted baby sweaters and hat patterns found on the internet can help save money that you don't need to spend on overpriced knitting books that have more patterns than you want and need for knitting outfits for babies.
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Title: Interview with Multiple (September 28, 1987)
Full Citation
Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00006613/00001
Material Information
Title: Interview with Multiple (September 28, 1987)
Physical Description: Book
Language: English
Publication Date: September 28, 1987
Spatial Coverage: 12071
Lee County (Fla.) -- History.
Record Information
Bibliographic ID: UF00006613
Volume ID: VID00001
Resource Identifier: LEE 62
Table of Contents
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Full Text
This Oral History is copyrighted by the Interviewee
and Samuel Proctor Oral History Program on
behalf of the Board of Trustees of the University of
Copyright, 2005, University of Florida.
All rights, reserved.
This oral history may be used for research,
instruction, and private study under the provisions
of Fair Use. Fair Use is a provision of United States
Copyright Law (United States Code, Title 17, section
107) which allows limited use of copyrighted
materials under certain conditions.
Fair use limits the amount of materials that may be
For all other permissions and requests, contacat the
the University of Florida.
Interview with Robert H. Finkernagel and SE. Paul W. Sanborn.
September 28, 1987 Community National Bank, Cape Coral, Florida
Dave (D)
Paul, you were telling me a little about how you came here to Cape Coral
in the early days. Would you relate that again just real briefly?
Paul (P)
A, yeah, what I said was Bob Finkernagel arrived on the scene in Cape
Coral in December of'61. You must have talked with Leonard a couple
months prior to that and Bob had been manager of the Gainesville Chamber
of Commerce. And at the time I was the manager of the Kissinmee Chamber
of Commerce. Bob and I both knew each other through our association in
Chamber of Commerce Management Association. In Kissimmee we had a thing
called the KissimmeeBoatacade. transversedthe lakes in the central part
of the state and down to Lake Okechobee and to the east and west coast.
In February Bob invited me down to Cape Coral---I had never been here
before--to talk about the possibility of bringing the Kissimmee Boatacade
to Cape Coral as a promotional activity. While here he offered
me a position with the company as assistant to the manager director and
his title at that time was managing director. So that's when I came to
Cape Coral. I went back to Kissimmee and gave my notice and then came
and joined Bob in May of 1962.
What was your official position with the corporation? With Gulf?
Assiatant to Managing Director. Bob Finkernagel was Managing Director.
In that capacity it was basically a community relations activities.
Anything that needed to be done in the community outside of sales and
construction we did. Would you say that was a fair statement?
Bob Finkernagel (B)
Yeah. There was no city government here and we really filled in a lot
of the city municipal functions. We had our own police department, which
we operated.
Yeah. I forgot about that. That's one of the first jobs you gave me.
I became director of our security force. We had six men on a security
force and one police vehicle. All the fellows were deputized by the
') ) Snag Thompson who was the Lee County Sheriff at the time. And I
became in charge of that. That was one of the first jobs he gave me.
And I didn't know the first thing about that. I learned. And that was
a case of we did things that needed to be done: servicing our new
residents as T;hey moved in.
Well, when you first got here you were sick on Thursday afternoon
you were in good shape, otherwise you had to go all the way into Fort
y/C' Myers. By Thursday afternoon Dr. David, a surgeon from Fort Myers,
would fish his way across the river and Paul and I established a clinic
for him here. We had $7000 of clinical material and he would come in and
hold court, so to speak, from noon until five on Thursday afternoons.
Later on we pooled our efforts to get Bob Tate, Dr. Tate, the first
doctor to move in followed by his partner, Wally Dawson. But we gave
them the equipment and the little office space they had in the first
shopping center.
Where was that?
SOn Cape Coral Parkway. Where Big John's is now located. That was the
first shopping center. It was put together by a bunch of citizens, local people
who pooled their money and went, in to build the shopping center.
We lease space in it. The library has space there.
I think that one of things that we found back in the early days, that
the person was anticipating a move to Florida and Cape Coral came into
the picture and the first thing a person might say, be it Cape Coral or
anywhere else is "Yeah, I'd like to go there but, for instance, do they
have a physician?" And at the time, Bob said, we only had a part-time
physician and so the company took steps to provide that physician.
And I think we subsidized that first physician provided the equipment,
"0 and subsidized his practice.
I think the agreement, and you made the contract with him, but if he did
not make x number of dollars we would guarantee that he would do so.
We guaranteed him $20000 the first year. We gave him a rent-free house.
Free house, we gave him a rent-free clinic with all the equipment and that
type thing.
Of course, we never had to give him any money because he earned over
$20000 the first year, but it was a guarantee to get him down here.
So that would be the first thing somebody would say. Then they would
say "Well, gee, you know if I go down there and build a house, do they
have fire protection?" We didn't have a fire department. The closest
on was on Fort Myers. So what did we do? We started a fire department.
Bob was the first fire commissioner in this county, right?
Yes. Hayden Burns appointed me.
So we developed a fire department. We had a volunteer fire department.
Bob had to set the thing up. And then if you have a fire department and
you have volunteers because the residents wanted to volunteer, but you
don't have any equipment. You don't have a fire truck, so you got to go
out and get a fire truck. How did we get the first firetruck? I forgot.
Well, we formed us a tax district. [Oh, we formed a tax district and
bought the first truck] Then we used the tax money to pay for the
truck. In fact, the night the truck got here it wasn't really
equipped to run yet. It had just been driven down here. The Surfside
Restaurant caught on fire and we couldn't use the truck.
About when was that?
'64 or '63
Yeah, somewhere in there. Everything you talk about you can say, well,
why? And there was a reason. Because it was a service to the people
who were potential property purchasers. We talked about fire department,
we talked about doctors, we talked about the police department. We had
our own security force. We had six fellows on the security force, around
the clock protection.
Colenel started the first newspaper, Cape Coral Breeze.
What was his first name?
Richard. R.G. Crawford.
Then I think you come to entertainment features. This came quite a lot
later, but if a person were to move to Cape Coral and they wanted to look
at the television, at that time channel 11 was about the only thing you
could get. So what do you do? You develop a cable company. He happened
to be the first president of the first cable company in Cape Coral, too.
So the company owned it. And then the water plant, the sewer plant, all
the facilities the company built. As we sit here I keep forgetting there
was so many things that Bob was, like I say, the first fire commissioner.
He was the president of the Cape Coral cable company, the very first one.
We started that to provide a service to the residents through cable.
As managing director, I think Bob was the same thing as a city manager.
SKenny Schwartz.
The person who you gave Like I will always remember when I first
came down. Kenny's description of Cape Coral at the time was, "This is
like a military post." I'm the commanding officer, he's the vice-
commanding officer. You know he's number two and we take care of our
people, as any military post would do.
Existing residents became our best salesmen because they like living
here and we were always happy to take potential sales persons and go
around and see that they were happy and glad they moved out of Ohio or
wherever they came from. We brought in a lot of editors so we had a
third party talking about our successes here. We had two hundred and
some editors in one year. Not in bunches but one or two at a time.
We'd bring them from Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Boston, Chicago, all the
areas up there where most of our agents were located, so that's where
most of our prospects were.
So, from the point where houses would be built and people would move in,
you would take over from there and if they needed fire protection, if
they needed this or they needed that, or were you involved...
All we were trying to do was cut the umbilical cord between what normally
the community responsibility of residents, which was assumed by Gulf
American. We were like a company town in the best sense of the word,
not like a coal town in Pennsylvania where you had one store. It was
a company town. We did our best to provide the services which would
normally be done by a city or a county government. It was really a big
example of the free enterprise system at work because we got no tax funds
from anybody: city, county, state, or federal government. We did it all
from the money we borrowed and the money we made selling land.
Because the county wouldn't do it because it had no tax base so
Z)S consequently the company had to do it and the beehooved the company
to do these things because it enhanced predictions on sales and that's
the game we were in. I keep thinking of different things that if you
invite somebody to come and stay with you the closest motel would have
been someplace in north Fort Myers because there was no Cape Coral
Campbell Over Diner way over on Business 41 was the first place to
get a cup of coffee after you left Cape Coral.
So what do you do? You build a facility in your own establishment.
So they built a marvelous motel and restaurant and that was like the
Service, quality, food, real class restaurant and motel. That provided place
to bring people when they came to look at your property.
The Presbyterian Church held services there on Sunday morning in the
lobby. That was the first church. Christians in the Lutheran church
rented space in the shopping center. That was the first Lutheran church.
Edward uncwas known as the storefront pastor. I used to call him the
peddling pastor. That came later. But he was the storefront pastor and
I think in the Lutheran magazine featured him and his church because it
was in a storefront. Then another thing I think that as the community
grew, in '62. I came here in May of '62 and the Yacht Club was under
construction and I think as a statement of the type of people the Roseins
were. Where other developers at that time were saying "When the population
gets to be something we will build a yacht club or a country club, right?
And they did it up front. This yacht club complex is a million dollar
complex. Like I said, when I came here there were 1100 people. When
you think that the developer has real confidence in what he's doing, he
invests a million dollars in a complex when there's 1100 residents.
But they had confidence that sales would go, and they did. We opened
the yacht club on June 10, 1962. In Novemeber of that year I went in as
manager of the yacht club and I managed it for four years after that.
Another job he gave me that I didn't know anything about. Then we
moved to building the country club.
Nine holes were in when we got here.
It just seemed that sales went and more people needed more facilities to
keep going. And then there was a time when after the growth that we
started to negotiate with the county then they recognized we were here.
In '72 was really when the county planning group went into effect.
!' 1962 was when the county planning department zoned Cape Coral.
And the first time we have really any zoning other than the zoning we
created with deeds and restrictions. They accepted our deeds and
restrictions for zoning of the city. And then when the city came into
existence they accepted the county's zoning, so really the early days of
the city the zoning and planning was exactly how we had set it up in '58.
p .
I think up to that time no one on the other side of the river thought
that Cape Coral would be here, so they didn't wnat to get to involved
in it. I don't think that people really thought that it would go.
"If you kind of ignore them, they will go away. Fly by night thing."
The three people in all of Lee County that have stayed was Harry Fagin
the Chairman of the Board and President of the First National Bank, and
Homer Welch who was the President of Lee County Electric Co-op, and Johh N.
Johnson of the telephone company.
The three things you need: telephone, electric, and money.
Well, talk a little bit about the Rosens themselves. How did they
impress you?
I would defer that to Bob. Because Bob was probably the closest to
the both of them. I met them occasionally as they came here, but Bob
worked with them more closely.
They complemented each other. Jack was the dreamer and the sales effort.
He sold. He knew what was happening here and he sold the land. Leonard
was really the entrepreneur. He raised the money and financed those
things that had to be done. He was different than Jack. You always knew
where you stood with Leonard Rosen He was very upfront about his feel-
Ci ings, about you or what you were trying to do. He never censored me for
doing something that had failed, but just said keep trying. Jack would
like to have everything work out the first time. If it didn't work out,
you caught hell from Jack, but not Leonard. And unfortunately, people
tried to divide up the employees into Leonard's man and Jack's man, and
that was always a tension among the employees and officers of the
company. If you did what Jack wanted you to do sometimes it would be
li construed as something Leonard didn't want you to do. That was, I would say
the only way I know about the way the brothers operated.
Did they have a dream for this place? Did they want to build a city?
Or were they just in it to make money? Or do the two go together?
The two go together I think.
I think that's why I was hired, really. Because ConnieMack had almost a
city on his hands and didn't know what to do with it. They were looking
for someone of a Chamber of Commerce/City Manager type person. To come
in and to get the citizens to do for themselves those things that Gulf
American was doing for them. Paul and I were active in the formation of
the Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary Club, Merchant's Association, Civic
Association. There was a big fight here. The midpoint bridge which is
now being fought is nothing compared to the fight when we first built
this other bridge. It's so logical now. You could say why would anybody
fight it? But there was really a tough, bitter fight in this community
back in 1961 on the building of this bridge because we needed to form
a tax district. Only so that if the revenues do not generate enough
money to meet the bond issue that they could call on the tax district.
In addition, Leonard put $100,000 in escrow to make sure there was money
to help pay and bought the land on the other side of the river and dona-
,ted it to the bridge project. When Paul and I got here I guess it was
-Q' iall over by then. It was December of 1961 we had the election.A bitterly taught
Not an overwhelming "yes" vote, but it was fairly close. It made some
very unhappy neighbors, those who were against it. I think if they were
still alive they would still be a little bit unhappy about it.
The thing is that not too long ago I was hearing some of the things you
said. You know, it was just a set of circumstances that this bridge is
located where it was, that the consideration had the sales accelerated
just a little bit the original bridge would have been where the midpoint
bridge is anyway.
This was the about the closest point to the two sides of the river and it
was where our development was. We had hardly nothing north of Cape Coral
Parkway when that bridge was started--maybe a few blocks.
The interesting part.that the people who opposed the bridge, the opposi-
t numb!r/ was that it
tion number one A wasn t needed. They were afraid their taxes would be
outrageous and the bridge wasn't needed anyway. And it was a 20 year
bond issue and it was paid off in 10 years. It was accelerated, and when
Dick Sayers was county commissioner from Cape Coral--I guess the only
county commissioner we ever had from Cape Coral--he was instrumental in
them having the tolls taken off and the toll booths removed. And now of
course as history goes they talk about putting them back.
Again, that fight formed the Civic Association. There was a group known
as the Taxpayers Association and they were opposed to the bridge so a
group of them left the Taxpayers Assoc. and formed the Cape Coral Civic
Assoc. which really was a pro-bridge group, which later became very
active in the community. And then it seems to me that a lot of people
who were involved in the taxpayers Assoc. moved back over and assumed
control of the Civic Assoc. In the early days the Civic Association
really spoke for a great majority of the residents.
I think the Civic Assoc. was in a good sense responsible for communica-
tion with the county commissioner, who was the governing body. Other
/ than the company talking to the county commissioner, now the residents
were talking to the county commissioner & they started listening. And I think when
Millard Brown was president of the Civic Association it was probably
one of the best years the Civic Assoc. has ever had and he started
bringing the commissioner over here to see what was going on. And
getting some of the tax money and using it. And that was the start of
the political picture, so to speak. Up to that time we really didn't
have politics entering into the development.. The company was doing the
things we needed to do to solidify and generate sales. Because that was
our business. But at the time, as Bob said, that you provided but after
a certain time you say "Hey. We have done it so long."
Well, we got the sheriff, for example.
These people paying taxes at least need to get a return on them. We
ran that security force up to a time when we prevailed upon then Snag
Thompson as sheriff to provide a resident deputy. That was the first
.'/ step. Val Everly was our first resident deputy, but that was the first
step to getting the company involved with police protection in the
community and our taking a step back. Each of those things--we
established, get them going and then turn them over to who should be
doing it. Again, we'll go back to things Bob mentioned like the church
in the shopping center. We opened the yacht club in June of 1962.
There were no actual houses of worship built. When the yacht club
opened, each of the various churches that was established: St. Andrew's
Catholic Church, the Methodict chu'.rh, and I guess the Presbyterian church
was established. Those were the first three, I believe. And the Lutheran
Church was in here. They would each have services in the yacht club on
Sunday mornings. One thing I remember in particular was...that's dumb.
We had to space them because the Catholics met from seven to eight, the
Methodists met from eight to nine, and then the Episcopalians would meet
from nine to ten. And the logistics of getting those people in and out
so the other ones could meet....nhe humorous part about this is that
the Methodists used to have coffee and donuts for their people, but it
always ended up that the.Presbyterians or Episcopalians, whichever it was
would be eating the Methodists donuts. And how can you tell a denomi-
nation, they all look alike, right? But in the course of the development
a lot of humourous things happened like that. Things that generate
interest and as we said, you can tell that this is a favorite subject
of Bob Finkernagel and mine because we were a part of the development.
As I said earlier, when something needed to be done we did it. When it
came time you don't think much about it. But when Fort Myers Construction
completed a street by county ordinance, by county ordinance they have to
have stop signs and street signs. Who orders those? We did. And then
it would be my job. We got into the municipal duties, if you will,
providing stop signs, street signs, traffic control signs, the things
that would normally be in a municipality. Fort Myers Construction I
think is a major part of the history of the development of this community
and particularly a fellow by the name of Tom Weber who was the resi-
dent engineer. A man who in my estimation, and knowing the man I've
seen what he's done and knowing his past, he's a man who could build
anything. He's a super kind of a guy. And he was a man who never got
excited. He would sit back in his chair with his pipe and direct a
crew-at one time. We had four or five hundred people working for Fort
Myers Construction. We had probably more earth moving equipment, dollar
value, than anyplace probably in the world at that time. I can recal
"a equipment sale at one time down at Fort Myers Construction: draglines,
bulldozers, huge earth moving equipment, and they had that stuff lined
up as far as you could see.
Do you remember when that was, that sale?
Construction really took off in '62, really.
Bob's son, Bob Finkernagel III, commissioned that to be done. The only
thing I point out--you see that drag line up there on the left hand side
with three circles above it? Well, that doesn't mean anything if you just
look at it, but what that really depicts is that there was a period of
time when that drag line and others worked 24 hours a day and it was
a searchlight. Huge lights so they could work at night in order to keep
up with the requirements. Again, I lean on Bob, because when we would
sell in various states they had conditions of sale and you had to be
completed by a certain time and bonding and that kind of stuff.
I understand that New York had some restrictions like that.
for ten years
It was ridiculous to restrict roads that wouldn't be needed and
wouldn't be used for ten years but they required that if you
wanted to sell a piece of property, you had to be able to get to
that piece of property. The land wasn't developed and it wasn't
planned to be developed, but we had to put those roads in. And as a
result, a lot of the roads north of Cape Coral deteriorated to almost
no road at all. Cause when a road isn't used it dies very quickly.
We discussed this the other day. The thing that always used to bother
me was when we worked public relations we worked press relations, govern-
mental relations and this type thing. And in that position you get a lot
of criticism of certain ----. One of things we were criticized for was
building substandard roads. And, at the time (because later on they
said they built substandard roads because they broke up) we built the
roads to county specifications, which doesn't mean the specifications in
1962 are the same as they are in 1987. Specifications change as new
technology comes along and so forth. Gulf American was accused of
building the roads in an inferior way when in essence they were
complying, and had approval of the county. So often that is not pub-
licised. It's an avenue of criticism on Gulf American. And in our
position we often have to defend that type thing, and it's kind of
frustrating when, in essence, people don't know what they are talking
In other words Gulf did things pretty much first class. They.did
everything up to standard.?
Oh yeah. Above standard. We had too much to lose by not doing it up
to standard. The negative things that happen you will probably re-
search and you will find out why certain things happened. Leonard Rosein
accused of certain civil practices that were not ethical. I can tell you
to write something and to do something, but if you choose not to do it
I'm going to end up with the blame and maybe that's the way it should be.
But in many cases he was accused wrongfully I think in permitting the
things to do. I don't know how you explain that. He was being over-
r/ There was no company policy. In fact we even went so far as to have
---- fired so our sales manager could listen to ---- and when the guy
started saying some outrageous things we stepped in and interrupted
sales in the sales offices where we could sit down with the salesmen
and straighten them out.
Back to Tom Weber. Was Fort Myers Construction company, was that
a company that was already here?
It was a company who they hired originally to come in when they first
started dredging and engineering and for a very short period of time
they thought that they couldn't cut the mustard when they hired Tom
to come in and they developed their own company.
That's amazing. They talk about 24 hour a day dredging. There was
24 hour a day dredging and it was noisy. We got no complaint from
that. And it seems years later, when the city was formed that noise
pollution became a problem. They cited a man in town for having dogs
in a cage in his family room and the dogs made so much noise that the
neighbors complained about it. And I thought to myself many times,
what would happen if those neighbors were here when we were doing 24
hours a day dredging?
The things we did get complaints about sometimes, it was unfortunate
but it was part of the thing. There is no way of setting off quiet
dynamite. In the far reaches of the west you go out there and you
see a lot of coral and when they were developing the canal structures
and the road structures they had to dynamite. We used to get complaints
about that, you know. "You're rattling my house," or s.:et'incn: like
that. Like I say, you make a funny. Quick like you ask them if they
know how to make dynamite quiet we'll do that. They tried to do it at
the better hours rather than knocking off dynamite at midnight. I
think they did the very best they could, but making tremendous
explosions had to be done.
There just wasn't that many complaints. As I said when we talked before
the doers of the world move. People who don't do anything stay at home.
And these were people who since 1849 had been going west in covered
wagons. It was that kind of an atmosphere. Everybody was so proud of
all that was happening. Really they were reassuring themselves to a lot
of extent that they made this investment in Cape Coral. But we had very
little complaints when you think about people moving, leaving their grand-
children up north and then having second thoughts about should I have left
my home town? But basically they were all pro-development. That isn't
to say there weren't complaints about the way some of the developing was
done. Some of the things that we thought we had to do, they didn't think
we had to do. But by and large it was a great source of talent down here.
Retired talent down here. It was just a community of second careers.
People who have been in one business came down and decided there was a
void here for a food store or a shoe store or whatever. And that gets
to be a snowballing effect. "I'm not gonna come down there unless there
is a bowling alley." Really that was the deciding factor. So we built
a bowling alley, or had someone build a bowling alley. "Well, we
don't have any attorneys in town." Attorneys moved in and you can't
use that for an excuse. These were things we were using to attract our
future president. Started the bank.
We built and leased the first theatre over here. I have a picture of the
day Claude Kirk was governor. It was opened that day. I think I got a
picture shaking hands with him when he cut the ribbon. The governor at
that time was funny--the other republican governor, he came. And that's
the caliber thing that we did. We joke a lot about this, back in those
days, from the time Bob got here and I got here in '62. We used to have
about one ribbon cutting a week. We were doing so many things. We would
just have ribbon cutting, dedications.
We dedicated a golf course one hole at a time. Well, it wasn't quite
that bad.
When the dredging was going on 24 hours a day, was that like for a month,
a year, two years?
It was a year until they got it done.
All the canals that go out to the river were drag-lined and dredged.
They took that dirt and spilled it out and built up the rest of the land
to a minimum of 6 feet above sea level, which we were required to do,
according to our agreement with the state. You've got to build a home
six feet above mean tide. Well, if the land was only zero feet above
mean tide it was swampland. When they dredged the canals out they used
the overflow to build up the land on which the houses were built. As
you went further inland, you didn't use the dredges you used the drag-
lines--as long as you could get a boat in. And then that was salt water.
> l Further up there were fresh water canals and you had to put a ----- so
the salt water wouldn't go up. We sold both fresh water canals,
which really are just an inter structure of interior lots and salt
water canals where you could get access to the river.
You said you had an agreement with the state. Was that with the Bureau
of Land Sales?
The Bureau of Land Sales required us to show in our advertising that
land was at least six feet above mean sea level.
A couple of other questions. Most of the early staff people, the people
like yourselves, were they hired along the way or were they brought in
from Baltimore with the Roseins, or...?
Well, the Roseins only had sales people in Baltimore. There were no
developers or anything, they had never been in that business. They
Shad been in merchandising and marketing. ---- there were other things
that they sold by television and radio. So the people that were
Baltimore oriented were all in the sales and marketing. We had an
internal advertising agency, Venze, which was a house agency. They
had a very capable lady by the name of Bernice Fryburg who was respons-
ible for a lot of the sales promotion of our community. Paul and I
worked very closely in the development of those things that would
create a tension to the good things that were happening in Cape Coral,
on a national basis. And many of the things that Paul and I worked
with were products of Bernice's ideas. She took some of the things
that we wanted to do. There was an image around the country that
retirement communities were purely that. Everybody 65 years or older
and they're all on three wheel bicycles and that sort of thing. And
that wasn't the case. The first family that moved in had three child-
ren. And it's always been a younger community, perceived to be. So
we wanted to do all the things that would show youth. It would've
been very easy for us to have gone to the national golf tour, for
example and paid $200,000 and you have a tour stop with a three par
open. But we'd rather use college kids. So we formed what we call the
Cape Coral Invitational Golf Tournament and invite 40 schools from all
around the United States. They would come down and play golf and take
pictures of the kids and send them back to the home town paper and the
, /) papers where the college was located. Bucknell was down so it went to
the Bucknell paper and the Lewisburg, Pennsylvania paper. Kids wherever
they came from. It was showing something that was going on down here.
We ran it so successfully in 1972, which the 70th anniversary of the
Intercollegiate Golf in the United States was held here in Cape Coral.
SPaul and I arranged--------with Jack Nicholas. We got him down here.
Buster Fisher, the coach of the'University of Florida was very helpful
"to us. Doc Fishen, University of Miami coach, helped us to get this
national tournament in Cape Coral, first time in the history that it
was in Florida.
That picture up there is Tom Kite. The first time in the history the
NCAA had been held in the state of Florida. And the most unusual
thing about that was that they have to have a university host it.
And the University of Miami hosted this thing, but not in Miami.
(JQl Like Bob said, it was Bus Bishbp, Doc Fusein, and the Florida coaches
association was instrumental in persuading the national coaches
association that it should be held here. Of course we made a deal
that they couldn't refuse, but nevertheless.
We did the same with Florida intercollegiate tennis. We had four
year schools playing tennis here. We had the Miss Florida World
Contest here to attract attention to the youth.
You know, there are so many activities we can tell you that we did and
the promotional activities. And again, in Bob's position he was involved
in a good many. There's no end to that. Our job was public relations,
bringing recognition to the community. We did it in many, many, many
different ways. In the early days, Gulf American Land Corporation was
the largest land developer in the world at one time. When we talk about
the developing things, I recall one time and we were just talking about
this the other day, that we had an advertising budget in excess.of that
of Florida Dept. of Commerce. We spent more money than the state did
to bring recognition to the state. And this was a tremendous company.
Somebody asked me the other day, what was the name of the company
originally. It was Gulf Guaranteed Land and Title Company. Was that
when you (to Bob) came in December or had they changed it to Gulf
American Land.
No, it was still that.
You'll go back and you'll find it started as Gulf Guaranteed.
That's the name that's on most of the deeds and then because of the con-
fusion they changed it to Gulf American Land Corporation. And then when
they diversified it became Gulf American Corporation and then when they
sold the company in 1969 to G.A.C. that's where the confusion came in.
G.A.C. was General Acceptance Corporation. G.A.C. diversified so they
became G.A.C. Corporation cause General Acceptance primarily was an
finance company. And then they bought saving and loans and we had
stocks in insurance. So we had our own insurance company. But people
often think G.A.C. and Gulf American Corporation were one in the same
thing. And they weren't
Now, Gulf American, their primary projects were with land development
or were they involved in other things? I know they had other land
projects in the state.
Well, here in Cape Coral they were involved in the development of the
land, the construction of homes. We made an arrangement with Runber
Construction of St. Petersburg and Sarasota. Arthur Rutenburg Corpora-
tion. He built the first home and then somewhere in the mid '60's we
went into home building of our own.
Well, you were the housing division at one time also.
So did Gulf build most of the early homes or almost all of them?
Most all of the early homes were.built by Rutenburg Gulf Condominiums.
There were practically no independent builders here. Michigan homes
About when?
Middle '60's. We sold home in our set housing department. We flew people
down, fly them by a program and then picked out their home and their lot.
We'd build a house for them.
How much contact did you have with the other projects Gulf was working
on in the state?
The only one they were working on when we first got involved was Golden
Gate. That was the expansion of two communities, Golden Gate and North
Golden Gate. They sold land in what they call the "pathway of progress."
Suburban melded into Urban. Part of that is holding true. Golden Gate
is so large now that it's a major force in county government. (They never
started North Golden Gate.)
We were involved in the promotion of everything. There was Golden Gate.
A fellow by the name of General Young who had pretty much the day to day
operational activities and responsibilities. But we did the promotional
type things and then later I used to spend.... OUr jobs changed so many
times and I'd spend time in governmental relations and a lot of time in-
side the county. And then, after Golden Gate River Ranch came along.
We did River Ranch in Polk County. in Arizona.
It's a gorgeous place between Tucson and Logalas. About 6 miles from
the border.
\j 7 And then we owned property in the Bahamas. There were 84,000 acres in
Point Sienna. When we went into Point Sienna there was a concept that
24,000 acres would always remain in their natural state, and the city
would be built on a core extending out. It never happened. Point
Sienna was a planner's dream. The young planner was like a kid with a
lollipop that big. He could do anything he wanted with it. We just ran
out of money
One of our other operations was the making of commercials at Cape Coral.
Here again, we would debate with them about what we would get and what
they would get. We wanted audio and visual identification. Chevrolet
is driving down the street and it goes past a sign that says Cape Coral
Country Club or somebody would say something in a commercial like "I've
got to go over to Cape Coral this afternoon." That's quite a fight
because the advertising agency doesn't want you to take more than your
share so at least their product is mentioned a little bit. Chevrolet
was here, U.S.----, Listerine, Oldsmobile. We would provide assistance
in housing and that sort of thing. In return we would get the audio and
)2 , F'( ,
visual identification. We made a movie here which not an award winner.
Fat Spy is the only movie that opened on the late show at night. There
was corporate interest in Panama City. We owned a couple of DC-3's
so we sent a DC-3 up there ans ----- this porpoise down in Florida.
Poured foam rubber over it and one got out to warm water and keep his skin
wet. And we had sedated him, put him in a truck and brought him over
here. It was like two in the morning when they got here. We put him in
the pool and had to walk him around, and then when he regained conscious-
ness everybody cheered and there were tears rolling out of your eyes.
It was exciting. We made salt water. I -forget how many billion tons
of morton salt that we used.
That was another promotion. The porpoise show. When we did the
show we got the deal with Morton Salt. Basically what we are talking
about is the promotional activities and the community activities and
so forth. You haven' t heard anything about sales, and we are not really
the sales end of the thing.
I think I mentioned the two things that made our sales operate. One
was the inspection privledge and the other was the exchange program.
Say a little bit more about that.
Most of our land was sold to people who never saw it. That was the first
given. And to alay their fears that they bought something they didn't
like, we gave them six months inspection priviledge. The average time
now is three days. We said when you buy this land in Ohio, we'll give
you six months to come down and inspect this property--to see if it is
what we said it was or if there are other reasons you don't like it, we'll
give you your money back on the spot. Now this land wasn't going to be
ready for ten years. We have a ten year contract. We don't promise to
make this land available to you for eight years or six years, or whatever
the period was at that time. But if you want to you can exchange your
equity for a piece of land that we are reserving for equity transfers.
So you have a $4,000 piece of land which you've paid $300 on it and
decide that I'll retire now instead of seven years from now. We would
sell you a piece of land that you could build on and the $300 that you
put in the original piece of land is transferred and becomes equity in
your new piece of land. The new piece of land costs you more because it
is ready now. We had to spend the money to get it ready now. Those two
marketing strategies made Cape Coral copied by every developer in the
United States. But we made it easy for you to come to Cape Coral. We
tried to encourage you. If you were flying down and if you kept your
property. We wanted you to get here because we knew it would solidify
the sale made by one of our salesmen in Cleveland. We would solidify
the sale and make it easier for you to buy more land or build a house.
"Why don't you build a house and rent it out until you are ready to
come down here and a lot of it has been paid for?"
So you felt that Cape Coral would sell itself if you could get the
people here.
We'd give you 5 cents a mile if you drove down here.
How many people do you think were brought down on airplanes, busses?
That facet of the development of Cape Coral is a full story in itself.
It's something that is almost unbelievable that they could do what they
Was that all under your part of it or was that under sales?
Sales. We did what we could to augment it and promote it, but that was
truly a sales operation. They had a team in Cape Coral that was unbe-
lievable. They'd meet the boat, they'd meet the plane. The busses were
We had 23 Greyhound busses. We had our own airline, our own bus company.
Our airline was four engine 44+- jets. We increased the length at our
own expense. We built ourown building. Southern Airways has that now
but we built that and gave it to the county. Because we had four engine
jets coming in here and we couldn't land.
So we had to increase the runways from 5200 feet to 6500 feet, I think
it was. The east-west runway there. When we started bringing those
jets in one of things that people said was you've got to have a barrier.
So we had to build a concrete barrier. So they said you'll need a barrier
at the other end. So we built one at the other end. Then the pilots
said they were going to commit suicide. So we tore one down. WE
paved a section of the runway complying with regulations.
But anyway, the busses would meet the planes, bring the people over,
they would have their rooms reserved, because at that time we had the
country club with almost 100 rooms. We owned all those motels. We had
Lauas for them. The salesmen would be attached to one or two couples.
That used to drive them crazy, because how much Chinese food can you eat
if you are eating it every day, practically. Hundreds of thousands of
people came. The logistics of thing, they had to be in a certain place
at a certain time and we used to call the getaway day. That was when
people would go to breakfast and have all their luggage out. The trucks
would pick up their luggage and take it to the airport and then you
would put people on the busses. We'd take them down and find something
for them to do like hamburgers, hotdogs or something at the beach pavil-
lion. We built a 5000 square foot pavillion to accommodate this. While
incoming people were in the yacht club who had just arrived. We ran into
problems once. Occasionally this happens. The problem was that if you
had a malfunction on one of your engines on getaway day. Now you've got
a busload of people or several busloads of people to put on that airplane.
Well, that airplane can't go because you've got a mechanical problem.
'What do you do with these people? And they used to find all kinds of
things. They'd take them to the shell factory. Anything to keep them
busy because you couldn't put them in a room anymore because you had
other people coming in and just had to do that. And it was a logistical
/ thing. Charlie Gavanaugh was the director of that. How he ever did that,
I don't know. He'd be a good person to talk to about the flight program
because he started working the flight program in the north and then he
came down here. We had the busdrivers and the tourguides who'd get on
the bus and give a spiel about what they were going to see and do. We
sent all the maids in to clean up the rooms within a half hour because
another plane was landing with more people on it.
Now, around Florida we had all sorts of way to attract people to Cape
Coral. We'd bus them in from Ft. Lauderdale and Miami. We had different
things to interest them. Free trips--four for the day. Two days and one
This could go on and on and on because when you say that we did that on
the local side. I mean the flights from up north. Then we did what I
call the local side. We brought people in by car and by place. Then we
also had an international division. We sold property overseas. I can
recall my brother was here visiting me on a Tuesday or Wednesday and he
worked overseas at the time. He left from here and went to London and
was walking down the street in London and was stopped by someone who said
we like to give an opportunity to go to Cape Coral, Florida, U.S.A. He
said "I was there yesterday." I
" Charlie Hepner and I were in Spain and we saw our agent. We wanted
to get a leather coat and he said "I'll take you to a place where they
make those." We go to some God awful place that no American tourist
had ever seen. Down in the basement was this old lady with her leather
coats. Well, they had to get an interpreter. One of the salesladies
spoke English. So we got talking and she was really selling those coats.
I said "YOu know did you ever think of moving to Florida? I could use
you as a salesman for Gulf American." She said "Oh for Chrissake, I did ('
that for years in Miami Beach." And she was one of our overseas personnel .
who was bringing units into one of the hotels in Miami Beach. And their )
in the basement of a manufacturer, unbelievable. The sun never sent on
a Gulf American salesman. Just like the British Empire, we were all over
the world.
Something I think about--we used to have O.P.C.'s right? And then we
used to have 0.0., opened and operated offices. Why everything in this
country is done by two and three initials, I don't know. We had home
site owners, H.S.O.'s and O.P.C's and 0 & O's and all this kind of
P.O. was the sales manager who could not close the sale but turn it
\ over to someone else who would and they were called T.O.'s.
Is it your intention to talk to someone about sales?
Yes. Do you know of some people who it would be good to talk to?
Schwartz would be good.
SWho were the sales managers? Eddie Gusulli, he was senior vice president
of sales--olden Gate mostly. He was in Cape Coral in the early days.
Howie Friedlin of Friedlin Realty in Cape Coral would be good. When
you talk to these guys they give you the insight of how they ran the
sales operation. And we get different types of sales operation too.
We used to call the guys who were on the line. The guys who were on
duty, salespeople, as people came in they had their turn. We used to
say "You're up when someone comes in." And you never knew who that might
be. It may be someone who just walked in or somebody who came in by bus
or plane. And then it was, when we got into national representatives
who brought people in from across the country to Cape Coral. Now I was
in Bob's side a lot more with that. But I was in Switzerland one time.
And the fellow who sold property there took me into his little grocery
store and introduced me to a man whose name was -----. When he took
me into that store and introduced who I was and the company and lived in
Cape Coral, that man's face just lit up like a light because he bought a
piece of America. That was another thing that I think we were selling--
a dream to the people in Europe, bought a piece of America. Never inten-
ded to live in it, but they got it. And then he was so delighted that I
lived in Cape Coral. And we got the map out and showed him where his
property was and all that kind of stuff. He just fell all over me. He
was so happy. And Bruno was the guy who sold it was delighted. Because
he could now say, "See, there is a Cape Coral." The guy had never seen
All Europeans went crazy over our bathrooms and kitchens. They couldn't
believe that you could have three bedroom, two bath houses with a kitchen.
In Europe they don't have things like that.
You can see from this conversation that we were enthusiastic about what
we did for all the years. I worked for 13 years for the company and had
a good 13 years and enjoyed every minute of it. Both Bob and I were
early residents.
Are we running out of time?
I'm running out of time.
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'Avengers: Infinity War' Screenwriters On Making Thanos The Ultimate Marvel Villain And Writing Within A Shared Universe [Set Visit Interview]
During the interview, we talk about what the film is about, how this is Thanos' story, who they decided to include in this mega mash-up film, how the Guardians of the Galaxy fit into the mix, comparisons to the grand ensemble storytelling of Game of Thrones, their comic book research, how much of the film takes place on earth, how the Infinity Stones helped to shape the story, Thanos' villianous motivations, how cosmic and crazy does the film get, how Infinity War connects with Avengers 4, Captain Marvel's involvement, how much of Infinity Gauntlet's story made it into the film, how the film connects to the movies around it, balencing the tones of the different franchises, why awards reward epic trilogies but overlook superhero franchises, giving thanos an emotional arc and more.
Can you tell us what [Avengers: Infinity War] is about?
Stephen McFeely: Who hopefully will come together in a way that will be satisfying? We've been teasing Thanos for many movies in 30 second clips, so hopefully all the lead-up will allow us to really go to town with him and make him a villain that requires this epic level of storytelling. That is the word I would use most often. It's ridiculously big.
How long does it take for Thanos to take the screen?
Stephen McFeely: It'll take 18 movies. [laughter]
Christopher Markus: We won't tell you exactly, but you're going to get Thanos and you're not going to feel like we've continued to jerk you around and kept him in check.
Stephen McFeely: In many ways, it's Thanos' movie.
You've talked, obviously, about how you've brought all these characters together, but are there any character pairings that you think people will be very surprised to see?
Christopher Markus: I don't know about surprised, because it's very hard to surprise people...
Stephen McFeely: That's not true at all. I think we will surprise the hell out of people.
Christopher Markus: Okay. We will surprise people.
Stephen McFeely: I don't know if we can tell you what the pairings are but yeah, one of the goals... After Civil War, we got in a room for four or five months trying to crack these two ridiculously big things.
Christopher Markus: We had wall of characters and at a certain point you just go [motions hands] – "That's funny and that's funny. What's a story that could get those two [characters] together?"
Stephen McFeely: Right. We talked a lot about, it's a Joe Russo term, "strange alchemy". What is it when you put the two characters together, even in a fairly normal traditional situation, but since we've invested in those characters and known them, we sort of delighted in the idea of those two people rubbing against each other. So, we always chased "delight" – and terror. Lots of terror.
Christopher Markus: And there's also...we're coming off Civil War. We're coming off Winter Soldier. So that's there's lots of backstory that still needs to play out in addition to the Thanos situation. Like, I just walked by Sebastian Stan out there. You could put Bucky in a room with anybody and they're going to say, "Oh sh*t! He's a maniac." He's shot Natasha [Romanoff] twice as far as I can keep count, so it's going to be interesting.
What about bringing in the cosmic universe? That seems to be something we're all very curious about. How are the Guardians [of the Galaxy] coming in?
Stephen McFeely: That's part of the "strange alchemy," right? One of the reasons that first Avengers movie was so popular and so exciting is, you were taking four franchises and [claps] smashing them into each other. Hopefully, we have the same kind of magic here, where we bring this completely different set of characters and smash them into varying groups of our characters. Another thing to think about, one of the challenges we've had is, how do you make sure this is not 25 people moving from one scene to one scene to one scene? So we talk, being a little facetious about it, but we talk about how it's like Nashville [the Robert Altman film], right? So you've got four or five different stories weaved together and then come together and then break apart. So, you get all these different pairings and groupings of four and five and six [characters].
Christopher Markus: And even now, not unlike something like Game of Thrones, where you have this vast canvas with characters you've been watching this guy over here molesting this girl over here in the East for years and only now does it have that feeling of massive plates shifting and finally bringing these characters near each other.
Are you saying this movie is going to be on par with Daenerys finally meeting Jon Snow? [laughter]
Christopher Markus: I'm absolutely telling you that. Yes!
Stephen McFeely: It's going to blow that away.
What we just watched was them coming to Wakanda to kind of warn them that something happened. Looks like they may have taken some sort of beating before that. But it's early to the film. What can you say about how it starts? Because as it stands now, all the characters in the MCU are scattered. Where does this pick up?
Christopher Markus: That is something we didn't want to blow off. Didn't want to devalue Civil War by having a phone call saying, "Let's all get back together because there's an even worse guy." Nah, everything's fine now. So we dragged that a long way through it so that we are valuing the resentments we've built up between these characters.
Stephen McFeely: They're ill-prepared to handle this.
Christopher Markus: Yeah. And it shows.
You mentioned that this is Thanos' film but I know that M'Baku has also been added to the cast as a villain.
Stephen McFeely: It's M'Baku and Thanos – that's it. [laughter] But no, there's a substantial war coming.
Christopher Markus: Uhhh...I don't even confirm villainous.
Stephen McFeely: I would not confirm M'Baku's villainous in this for our purposes.
Christopher Markus: Villain is a derogatory term that Thanos wouldn't agree with. Another one of the things we set out to do in this was, if Thanos is just a bad guy, then you're dead in the water. It's just a bad guy, you know? You get bored pretty quickly after he's torn off the first few heads and we have two movies.
Stephen McFeely: That's sort of metaphorical but uh...I'm not really sure.
Christopher Markus: Hopefully, you'll come away from this the same way you do in the comics. He started off as a rogue villain but he's his own thing now. Where you go, "I can't say he was wrong." [laughter]
Speaking of the comics, when you guys were cracking the story, can you list any comics that you read?
Stephen McFeely: Oh geez, almost all of them. That cheeser piece had some close ups of that omnibus that we had sort of over-posted it.
Which comic?
Stephen McFeely: It's like an octopus.
Christopher Markus: It's a giant bound Infinity Gauntlet but we read anything that had Thanos in it. Anything that had the [Infinity] Stones in it. A lot of Archie [laughter]
Stephen McFeely: We can't give you a percentage but it's fairly split. That's part of the nature of all these groups coming together.
Christopher Markus: And we wanted to give it, not have it be the feeling that it all comes down to Earth every time. It's this sort of "Earth-ist" point-of-view that you have to tell. "In order to conquer the universe I have to take over this one little tiny planet." We needed a broad canvas the whole time, so that it didn't feel like, coincidentally, every stone is on, is in America. [laughter]
Avengers Infinity War poster slice
Can you guys talk about the collection of the Stones? How the Stones almost help you guys shape your story? Were each of these passing gems, we were all watching like, "Well this is the one where the Stones sort of come together." Making it a little bit easier for the next person. It's not like they're spread...
Stephen McFeely: They're still spread out. Remember, one of our jobs, we're big structure guys. So if you go back and look at Winter Soldier and Civil War particularly, they are, whether you like the movies are not, they're pretty well structured. Big choices have been made. We had to do the same thing here and yet we had six MacGuffins – it can be relentless if you do this right. Which means, every time you collect [an Infinity Stone] – I don't mean to get into the screenwriting weeds – but every time you collect one, it can't just be a check mark. It has to do something characterful. It's got to move the plot forward but it also has to stakes and cost for literal characters at the time, so that it's not just a shopping spree. And I think we've done that and boy, we're going to wrench some emotion out of each and every one of those moments that we can.
Can you go back to Thanos for a second, the MCU has received tons of critical praise but the one thing franchise has been dinged on is, the villains are just not as impressive as Loki, over and over. That's something you guys are aware of, so trying to create "THE BIG BAD" of this franchise, I'm curious, how are you navigating that?
Christopher Markus: Well part of it is motivation, where if you have a villain who just wants to kill somebody or just wants to take over the world because it seems like a fun thing to do, or has been paid by the Russians to take over the world...run for President to take over the world. That guy isn't very interesting. He's pathetic but, we take this from [comic book writer Jim] Starlin. Thanos is an amoral philosopher. He's not the Devil – although he does sometimes have the Devil standing next to him. We wanted that all the way through. To have a villain with understandable motivations and emotions. Thanos has family. Thanos has two daughters that we know of. Thanos has eight million backstories in the comics but they're all kind of sad.
Stephen McFeely: What I want to point out, is that my favorite two [villains] in the entire MCU are Loki and Kilgrave, because he's creepy and awful, but really cares in a strange way.
And he totally doesn't see himself as the villain.
Stephen McFeely: For sure. And screen time, right? A lot of screen time for both of those characters. Chris is right, they both have these weird family relationships. So Thanos will get the benefit of both of those things. He's got daughters that he clearly has to deal with, and James did a nice job of setting the table for us, but we're certainly going to run with that. And screen time. This is not an origin story. Very often, in the screenwriting weeds, we're trying to get a character up and off the ground and so the bad guy tends to be a foil for the development of the hero and that's not the case here. If anything, it's the opposite. Our heroes are foils for the villain, whose story we need to tell at large.
Chris, can you clarify what you were saying about Devil?
Christopher Markus: Oh, Mephisto in the comics. I can neither confirm nor deny the existence of Mephisto. He's often seen in hell, but he's not the evil. He's something more elemental more primal.
Stephen McFeely: It's cosmic and crazy but in a way tha we always try to ground stuff. Particularly in Winter Soldier and Civil War we took stories that everyone was familiar with, Brubaker's [Captain America] run and Civil War Millar, but make a different soup out of the ingredients. So we'll do something similar here because we owe it to the characters and these 18 movies were the characters.
Christopher Markus: Both.
Stephen McFeely: Can't have the second one without the first one. But our hope is that it's breakfast and then lunch.
Christopher Markus: It does not feel like you hit pause and then unpaused it. It is two very different...
Because there's movies that come out in between, right? Have they influenced part four?
Stephen McFeely: Yes, by the way, another nightmare. [laughing]
Stephen McFeely: What did you see?
Just mailboxes
Christopher Markus: She has a mailbox! [laughs]
She has a very telling mailbox.
Stephen McFeely: You've caught us.
I'm sure that's very under wraps but is there anything you can share about the character's possible involvement.
Christopher Markus: Well, super excited to have her—for one thing. You know, that movie does not exist yet so we're following up on something that is good intentions at the moment. But that's a power scale that right now doesn't exist in the MCU and it's, or she's I should say, in some ways the closest to Captain America which is a weird, now rare kind of character which is sort of a person who's right and knows they're right and doesn't really want to hear it when you tell them they're wrong. So, with all these flawed, f*cked up people and Quill who's a mess and Tony who's a massive ego all contorted. It's fun to get another person with a clear vision in there and going, "Shut up."
Infinity War Runtime
Christopher Markus: I can no longer keep track of which thing that's called infinity is what.
Stephen McFeely: Is gauntlet Pip the Troll?
Yeah he comes to Earth, he gets reincarnated...
Christopher Markus: Yeah there's a car accident.
Stephen McFeely: They assume the bodies...
Christopher Markus: All of it! [laughter] That's why we're so conversived in it. It has elements of everything that had the word "Infinity" in front of it.
Stephen McFeely: That's right. We steal all the things that are helpful to us and we're not slavish to anything that doesn't.
Christopher Markus: Well it's also because a lot of those things then, you know, then you get into things like characters we don't have the rights to. Silver Surfer is flying all over those things but it's like, "You're in [Defenders]." [laughter] Unfortunately he flew to Century City and never came back.
Christopher Markus: 2022. [laughter]
Stephen McFeely: Well there's a lot of conversations, right, and I'm neither confirming nor denying what you just supposed, neither on Pip the Troll or how Captain Marvel works, okay? But we have had to juggle both Marvel – Black Panther, Ant-Man and the Wasp, and Marvel – specifically because they all exist in various ways in and around these two movies.
Christopher Markus: Thor 3.
Stephen McFeely: Well, at least that's before this first movie. Black Panther is, too. So we think we handled it and solved it in fairly clever ways, [knocks on wood] but it certainly was an issue. If you wanna do what you wanna do here, how does it affect this movie and not just make this movie. Why is Ant-Man and Wasp not in Infinity War Part Two? So we gotta work on that and figure it out.
Christopher Markus: And also, how do you do it so like... I think he's writing down, "Ant-Man and Wasp are not in Infinity War Part Two" because you just said that.
Stephen McFeely: No no, how is the story of that movie not just part two of this?
Stephen McFeely: Right.
Christopher Markus: You can't make them overly dependent on each other, and yet you still want to have this bloodstream flowing through the universe.
Stephen McFeely: Peyton Reed and his group of writers are going to make whatever movie they want. We had very small requests like, "It would be great if right there that person was—is that okay? Good?" You always make the best movie you can. Same thing with Black Panther and same thing with Captain Marvel. They're gonna make the movies they're gonna make and in this unique case, very small tiny suggestions for beginnings and endings like that.
Matching the tones too. I mean obviously, the tones of Guardians and those movies are so different from what we expect Black Panther to be versus what, you know, Spider-Man—I mean all those movies play such different roles. How do you work with that?
Christopher Markus: Well, I mean sometimes you play into it. You cut to the Guardians and it's a breather. If you're going from T'Challa and Captain America being very intense, you cut to Quill and Drax and it's like... [sighs] It doesn't mean they're not carrying as much plot, it just means the tone is different. But it's also fun to drag people into each other's tones. Pull someone into the Guardians and have them go, "What the f*ck is with you guys?"
What would you say is the tone of the movie and what type of movie is it.. Is is a disaster movie?
Stephen McFeely: It is difficult to explain.
Christopher Markus: It's Oscar-worthy.
Stephen McFeely: Can we not have that conversation? [laughter] This is embargoed. So Lord of the Rings, big epic thing right? It's three movies! This is 23 movies! When is someone going to get Fighty the Thullbird award. All it's doing is remaking Hollywood, please! Sorry.
Just to follow up on that because the Oscars are notoriously against the superhero genre. I'm curious what you guys think it will take for a Marvel movie to actually get that attention?
Christopher Markus: I don't know, I mean people mumble about it with various movies for various reasons. There was an article about Wonder Woman this Monday and there's articles about Logan, none of which are us. I think someone has to come to Jesus, so to speak, and take a look at the amount of work that's been done.
Christopher Markus: No but, Return of the King is no better or worse than the other two. It got cumulative awards. And frankly, if you go back and look at it you're like, "Really, you gave that Oscars?" Maybe they had extra Oscars that year.
Stephen McFeely: Two Towers is better, let's face it.
Christopher Markus: So there's one level where there does have to be, "Well f*ck, that's a bigger achievement than anybody's ever pulled off on a multi-movie scale." But also, I don't know what it's going to take to remove the prejudice from the eyes of these people. It's a civil rights drama and we're the victims.
Stephen McFeely: Star Wars was nominated for Best Picture. Raiders of the Lost Ark.
Christopher Markus: No, I think it's more than possible for someone with no blinders on to go in and go, "Well hell, that was a heavy lift."
Stephen McFeely: And that movie kicked my ass all over the place.
Christopher Markus: It's like diving. The degree of difficulty. I think sometimes people are like, "That movie was really simple and pure and should get an award." And that's great, but you should also go, "Holy sh*t, that was a crazy complicated dive and they did it." But the Oscars are not actually an accurate measure of anything.
Stephen McFeely: Did we whine enough there? [laughter]
You called Thanos an amoral philosopher, and I'm curious because I don't think he's literally talking to the Devil and you don't need to confirm or deny that, but he's not just going to be spouting his philosophy out. Can you say anything about who's Thanos' supporting cast? How did you crack that?
Stephen McFeely: Yes, you needed to make sure that he wasn't just all by himself. It also means that he didn't have the same scene over and over again as he went collecting stones and knocked people around. That's how you get this sort of tapestry film where he has emissaries who are doing some of his work while he is doing a lot of his own heavy lifting.
At the end of Ultron, he said "Fine, I'll do it myself."
Stephen McFeely: Not our movie.
Christopher Markus: And we've all sat there and went, "What the hell is he talking about? Where was he when he did that?"
There was also the other gauntlet in Guardians.
Stephen McFeely: Another delightful, delightful problem.
Christopher Markus: Odin's a bit of a showman. Thanos turns out to have quite a few people to talk to both on his side and not on his side. Weirdly I think he's the most understandable guy in the movie sometimes.
Does he have an arc in this movie?
Stephen McFeely: Yes, one of the big challenges is how to make sure he's not just a relentless machine collecting stones like he's going shopping. So we want to give him a full weighted emotional story. You can kind of say this is Thanos' origin story so that he will get the weight of any of the previous heroes in terms of the decisions he has to make in order to get what he wants.
Christopher Markus: I mean the big thing about all of these movies, but these two. You know, all the way along the line we wanted to give people choices and make them continue to have to sacrifice this decision for this decision and not just have it be like, "I have no choice in this matter." Aliens attack New York City, what are you gonna do, not fight them? No you have to. So not criticizing that, but in order to sustain this long of an epic, to keep the waters a little muddy, to keep them going like, "Interesting, he did that. I might not have done that." And to do that for everybody, heroes and villains alike, until you get to the end and you go, "Huh shouldn't have done that."
We see a bunch of Avengers here, but there's no Iron Man or Hawkeye. Can you talk about their roles?
Stephen McFeely: As I said earlier, it's Nashville, so everyone's in a different bubble. Some bubbles come together and break apart, some bubbles come together for the third act. That kind of stuff.
Christopher Markus: Other people are uttlery CG, so what are you gonna do?
Stephen McFeely: That's right.
Christopher Markus: Oh, he's in the scene.
Stephen McFeely: Sure you just didn't see him. Ant-Man's all over that. [laughter] | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1423', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9723225235939026}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '66254', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:REY62ZXW3KS6MS6DORZBXN5ROES7MC5I', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e8ce2081-1859-44f8-9f0a-4410ef72fb0c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 26, 13, 56, 9), 'WARC-IP-Address': '13.249.38.42', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NGWVQDVV3FR3LHBYFT5GO3FUTZOU7TAL', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a8e872a6-9d75-4a67-bae1-37d139d54f9f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.slashfilm.com/556808/infinity-war-writers-interview/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3fbeb855-cac6-4402-a05f-afbc3d8d28dc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '3955', 'url': 'https://www.slashfilm.com/556808/infinity-war-writers-interview/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-130\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.75346440076828', 'original_id': '4256b14b18b53f6f2d69b377a0f2009d6e897ab763230e9cac64fbc0c9ebdc43'} |
Fallomyrma marginata — викопний вид мурах з роду Fallomyrma (підродина мирміцин), що існував в Європі в еоцені (близько 40 млн років). Описаний у 2018 році з решток, що виявлені у рівненському бурштині з Клесівського кар'єру.
Примітки
Посилання
Radchenko, A.G., Dlussky, G.M. 2018. Ants of the Genus Fallomyrma Dlussky et Radchenko (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) from Late Eocene European Ambers. Paleontological Journal, 52: 155—163.
Вимерлі мурашки
Вимерлі тварини, описані 2018
Комахи еоцену
Інклюзи рівненського бурштину | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallomyrma%20marginata', 'collection': 'Wikipedia', 'open_type': 'Open Web', 'license': 'CC-By-SA', 'date': '2023.0', 'title': 'Fallomyrma marginata', 'creator': 'https://uk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fallomyrma marginata&action=history', 'language': 'Ukrainian', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '73', 'token_count': '224', '__index_level_0__': '23045', 'original_id': 'd49dd48e0dd6b9c0634188cdccc8bb654d2a84244ab7e578d323a3d97d9f1c7f'} |
Q:
Learn Python the Hard Way Ex.41 Confused About For loop
I am having trouble understanding how one of the for loops works in Learn Python the Hard Way ex.41. http://learnpythonthehardway.org/book/ex41.html Below is the code from the lesson.
The loop that I am confused about is for i in range(0, snippet.count("@@@")):
Is it iterating over a range of 0 to snippet (of which there are 6 snippet), and adding the extra value of the count of "@@@"? So for the next line of code param_count = random.randint(1,3) the extra value of "@@@" is applied? Or am I way off!?
Cheers
Darren
import random
from urllib import urlopen
import sys
WORD_URL = "http://learncodethehardway.org/words.txt"
WORDS = []
PHRASES = {
"class %%%(%%%):":
"Make a class named %%% that is-a %%%.",
"class %%%(object):\n\tdef __init__(self, ***)" :
"class %%% has-a __init__ that takes self and *** parameters.",
"class %%%(object):\n\tdef ***(self, @@@)":
"class %%% has-a function named *** that takes self and @@@ parameters.",
"*** = %%%()":
"Set *** to an instance of class %%%.",
"***.***(@@@)":
"From *** get the *** function, and call it with parameters self, @@@.",
"***.*** = '***'":
"From *** get the *** attribute and set it to '***'."
}
# do they want to drill phrases first
PHRASE_FIRST = False
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == "english":
PHRASE_FIRST = True
# load up the words from the website
for word in urlopen(WORD_URL).readlines():
WORDS.append(word.strip())
def convert(snippet, phrase):
class_names = [w.capitalize() for w in
random.sample(WORDS, snippet.count("%%%"))]
other_names = random.sample(WORDS, snippet.count("***"))
results = []
param_names = []
for i in range(0, snippet.count("@@@")):
param_count = random.randint(1,3)
param_names.append(', '.join(random.sample(WORDS, param_count)))
for sentence in snippet, phrase:
result = sentence[:]
# fake class names
for word in class_names:
result = result.replace("%%%", word, 1)
# fake other names
for word in other_names:
result = result.replace("***", word, 1)
# fake parameter lists
for word in param_names:
result = result.replace("@@@", word, 1)
results.append(result)
return results
# keep going until they hit CTRL-D
try:
while True:
snippets = PHRASES.keys()
random.shuffle(snippets)
for snippet in snippets:
phrase = PHRASES[snippet]
question, answer = convert(snippet, phrase)
if PHRASE_FIRST:
question, answer = answer, question
print question
raw_input("> ")
print "ANSWER: %s\n\n" % answer
except EOFError:
print "\nBye"
A:
snippet.count("@@@") returns the number of times "@@@" appears in snippet.
If "@@@" appears 6 times, then the for-loop iterates from 0 to 6.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'ea617580288708f7c61c17cbc7a600e702044af853b23b57bbdbc307dbf1e186'} |
AirClad: a home you can take with you
Often dubbed ‘bubble-techture’, this new form of inflationary architecture is rapidly making a name for itself as a quirky potential alternative to more traditional prefab structures.
Airclad is the next generation of semi-permanent and permanent architectural buildings developed by English design team Inflate.
With AirClad, Inflate wanted to take their experience with inflatable building a step further and create a more solid platform that can be used as the basis to customize the interior to suit an individual brief. The AirClad system is also easy to transport and erect. It is fully de-mountable and reusable and requires no need for intrusive concrete foundations.
The AirClad system in its simplest form is a structural skeleton with air inflated PVC panels cladding it. The skeleton forms a monoquoque structure with the inflated cladding. The inflated panels offer insulation and structural properties to the finished building and especially allow for a new architectural aesthetic to be achieved. AirClad is a sealed pressure-regulated system using very little energy to keep the whole structure in working order.
The inflatable pool house seen here is more than 10 metres long and made from an opaque and solar-reflective PVC which can be customized in a range of colors, or remain a more subtle white. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c87aeacbdb093b00223cb1470d9f6ae175075ed4a27b5e2cd7f9229a50837a0a'} |
Q:
OCaml: Going from int list list to int
I am working on a OCaml motion detection program. It analyzes two images and detects if there was motion. One part requires me summing a row of values and then also summing an entire image. This is what I have currenly:
let rec sumImRow(maskedrow) =
match maskedrow with
| [] -> 0
| mskRhd::mskRtl -> mskRhd + (sumImRow mskRtl)
;;
let rec sumImage(maskedimage) =
match maskedimage with
| mskRhd::mskRtl -> (sumImRow mskRhd)::(sumImage mskRtl)
| _ -> []
;;
and the given value is int list list -> int list = <fun>.
I don't quite understand why this is giving me int list.
A:
tl;dr: You construct a new list instead of summing the integers.
Well, we can agree that sumImRow has type int list -> int as it takes elements from the list and then return their sum.
sumImage will have a list argument as it deconstructs it in the pattern matching. It then returns the list of result of sumImRow, meaning sumImage gets as argument a list of what sumImRow takes and returns a list of results. So we indeed have int list list -> int list.
You can avoid that by replacing :: with + and [] with 0 in sumImage's matching result.
You can also make a more improved code by using List.fold_left:
let sumImRow l = List.fold_left (+) 0 l;;
let sumImage l = List.fold_left (List.fold_left (+)) 0 l;;
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '97f3d2760ee850e29bfc57b52f89a9c10ae23715618605fefca5198e85c51757'} |
Friday, 25 May 2018
From Severn To Avon 24th May
Worcester to Avon Lock Moorings, Tewkesbury (I do like a good…), River Avon
P1320057smRain! That wasn’t meant to happen until much later today. We had a leisurely breakfast and gradually got ourselves ready for the off. Most of the boats around us braved the rain and pushed off heading their different ways whilst we stayed put. At one point I’d just clicked start on the trip computer and we were just about to roll the covers up when the skies opened up again. It just doesn’t feel right setting off when it’s already raining so we waited some more.
By midday there was a break, covers rolled right back on the cratch, waterproofs and life jackets on and we pushed off away from our mooring heading upstream away from the weir to wind before returning to the lock. Diglis Lock is a little unnerving as the Lockie stays in their hut, how do they know that we are ready, there must be cameras so that they can see into the depths of the chamber. Once we’d dropped down onto the next reach of the river we were off, heading southwards on a calm but very grey day.
P1320069smDespite Tilly’s escape pod being out she chose to keep the trip computer warm, more like over heating! As we’d left so late we elected to have lunch on the go rather than pulling over at Upton.
P1320084smP1320080smP1320094smThe gravel barges were working again today. One being filled another heading back for a new load and a third one having the gravel dug out of it’s hold by a large digger. The jaws picking up a tonne at a time, rising high into the air, swivelling and then dropping it into a shoot before a conveyor trundled it up hill to add to the mountain nearby.
P1320067smOver the fields we could hear Curlews calling and the distinctive high pitched cheep of a Kingfisher kept me on my toes. Every now and then it would dart along the bank and out of view, then back again, all far too quick to get any photos.
P1320099smP1320102smAfter nearly three hours we reached Mythe Bridge and started to slow down from our speedy 5.8 mph. At the junction with the Avon there is a sand bank that runs out south west. If you are heading upstream from Gloucester into the Avon it doesn’t cause too much trouble, but heading down stream and turning in or coming from the Avon towards Worcester you must avoid cutting the corner.
P1320110smWe waited until we could see up the Avon before turning in, a sulking Heron sat on the sign there to welcome us.
New waters again and the first time Oleanna has been off C&RT waters. A short distance ahead we could see the lock landing with a red sign asking us to sound our horn , which we did and a minute later we got a cheery wave from the Lockie who then went to set the lock for us. A green light and we were in. Fore and Aft lines passed up and returned to us once passed round a bollard. They don’t like you to use only your centre line. Once we were level with the pound above there was time to sort out our visitor licence before we were let out of the lock. £50 for a week or another £10 for a second one. No brainer really, two weeks please and 2 nights mooring so that we can have a full day to explore Tewkesbury (I do like a good….), at £3 a night we’d be daft not to.
We were pointed to where we should moor then turned to the left, filled with water before reversing back to our mooring on a fixed pontoon the other side of the lock entrance. A quick Cat Health And Safety check of the area and it was decided that it was a suitable Tilly mooring despite being on a river.
At last, shore leave again. Except I got to walk above the water, that was a bit weird, how can you keep an eye on it when it’s under the thing you are standing on? No good trees, some sideways ones though. I had a good explore, but with the lack of friendly cover there wasn’t much to keep me occupied so instead I curled up in my escape pod for a snooze.
With the need to replenish Mick’s stocks of Fisherman’s Friends (he has succumbed to the lurgies), we had a short wander into town to find some. Much bigger than we’d expected we had a walk up the High Street, stocked up and then returned to the boat walking along the river.
P1320188smP1320191smWhen we got back to the lock we heard a horn sound from King John’s Bridge, the bow of a large boat was just showing through the large arch. It was Bellus Diem that we’d moored next to in Gloucester last bank holiday. They carefully nudged through the bridge and then chatted to the Lockie as to where to moor for the night. A cruiser was moved on so they could moor up by the bridge and they winded to get port side on, so easy when you have bow and stern thrusters. We sat and watched them rebuild their wheel house once moored, I have to say I’m glad we only have a pram cover.
P1320174smFrom what we’ve seen of Tewkesbury (I do like a good…) we are in for a treat tomorrow, plenty to look at, just hope the rain stays away.
DSCF7114sm2 locks, 15.86 miles, 1 wind, 2 lefts, 1 reverse, 1 wet morning waiting, 1 boat at Upton, 1 grumpy Heron, 1 grey wet day, 1 wave, 2 weeks, 2 nights, 1 hour, 2 packs original tube clearing sweets, 1 pack bronchial sweets, 1 very pretty old town, 2 painted doors, 1 more flood meadow rich with buttercups, 1 tight squeeze, 1 cauliflower pizza!
River Levels at 9am today Bewdley Stourport 0.333
Diglis, Worcester 0.591m
Tewkesbury, Severn 0.457m
Tewkesbury, Avon 2.2m
No comments: | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9613699316978456}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '112571', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PKFPZYDMN3WGFK7SFTIXMORWO2GXVY5V', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7395090b-735a-4621-9fc8-fbf828ae8369>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 10, 19, 37, 40), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.5.243', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:LSU5MC64EOYZAEQ2C53AU7FC2URN677W', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:8f1c0264-9cc2-47ef-a476-aa670aec2e54>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.oleanna.co.uk/2018/05/from-severn-to-avon-24th-may.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5c3e0cb1-1aee-4a47-9656-532f36f0f8de>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1018', 'url': 'http://www.oleanna.co.uk/2018/05/from-severn-to-avon-24th-may.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-150-135-54.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03231155872344971', 'original_id': '881ec906816144b5ff77f9c7d4918c1d7d190dc6c15eef0473cbbf6427b7268c'} |
Back in 1894...
Saying that Jesus wasn't God...
But, was Just a Man...
Would have been "controversial" enough.
As for "proof" for the existence of Jesus...
Well...
The Church has only itself to blame for that.
After all...
Their own historical records show that...
They're the ones who gathered it all up...
And... Set it aflame.
So, if the man never existed...
What, pray tell...
Were they burning...? | mini_pile | {'original_id': '6d114c1de279a7155af265dc871eb43c7a728dcd5ba9d13bb591778303872a55'} |
Error 676
Error 676 usually occurs when a Windows PPPoE connection is used when there is a router connected to your DSL modem (or your DSL modem has a built in router). To fix the issue:
1. Open Internet Explorer and select Tools/Internet Options.
2. Click the Connections tab at the top of the Internet Properties windows.
3. Place a dot next to Never Dial a Connection.
4. Click OK, then close Internet Explorer.
You should now be able to connect to the Internet.
Add Feedback | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8315615653991699}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '25927', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:DYIK6V2SLJWSLJBNV6XD6VO4OGMF5J26', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0890e5ab-42cd-4246-ac37-6dc8d7b70b11>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 8, 25, 20, 4, 21), 'WARC-IP-Address': '205.251.171.54', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JFWUKSXRFY2ZFLT2OSBM5B2WYKLP4UCI', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e411b544-3408-4a4c-8a8f-4ca5c5021295>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://support.toast.net/kb/a128/error-676.aspx', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0a81daf1-6876-4163-97e4-fc4af318f96a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '85', 'url': 'https://support.toast.net/kb/a128/error-676.aspx', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-35\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-226.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03452974557876587', 'original_id': 'c8b7a8e05f12369ab72101a556d0d15b87e4e2616c21b4d6eaf04348bfde4371'} |
Fall River Conservancy’s Strategic Approach:
1. Protect lands with high ecological, scenic, cultural, and agricultural value
2. Restore critical habitat and wild trout populations
3. Improve and protect water quality
4. Conduct scientific research & monitoring
5. Form conservation partnerships (UC Davis Watershed Sciences, California Trout, Fall River RCD, Department of Fish and Game, State Water Board)
6. Strengthen and expand organizational capacity of Fall River Conservancy | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.7633859515190125}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '24219', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:CA5GHQ6D7K4MW3BEAR4IDKAZBB7TVP5S', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a1fc3a91-adc5-4649-aeb5-751011768fea>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 11, 14, 8, 55, 33), 'WARC-IP-Address': '167.99.172.146', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:IXJQZ6RWJ4EQZZNHWL4GZZFB2GH27BVE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:aa167aed-bce6-4f0e-b489-da5255a14f37>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://fallriverconservancy.org/about-frc/conservation-approach/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:c3d0495e-289f-46d0-90c8-fc3bd47a5498>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '66', 'url': 'https://fallriverconservancy.org/about-frc/conservation-approach/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-47\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-147.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05854213237762451', 'original_id': '55e762332a5f7a181d80fd42c86af62bde0123134cb5cb36067da2de877401a2'} |
Q:
"password authentication failed for user" after push to Heroku
I followed the heroku documentation to install a django app and at first it worked fine. After a day I pushed some changes to the server. After that, I was not able to access the app at all: FATAL: password authentication failed for user "drjstoymyqyarj"
I can not even sync the db anymore:
$ heroku run python manage.py syncdb
Running `python manage.py syncdb` attached to terminal... up, run.1
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 443, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 382, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 196, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 232, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 371, in handle
return self.handle_noargs(**options)
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 57, in handle_noargs
cursor = connection.cursor()
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 306, in cursor
cursor = self.make_debug_cursor(self._cursor())
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 177, in _cursor
self.connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
File "/app/.heroku/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 179, in connect
connection_factory=connection_factory, async=async)
psycopg2.OperationalError: FATAL: password authentication failed for user "drjstoymyqyarj"
FATAL: password authentication failed for user "drjstoymyqyarj"
I have used the database settings recommended in the heroku doc:
import dj_database_url
DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config(default='postgres://localhost')}
When I check the logs after pushing code to the server, there is a suspicious Process exited with status 143 that I did not notice before. Maybe that has something to do with it?
$ heroku logs
heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting
heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `python ./manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:41048 --noreload`
app[web.1]: Validating models...
app[web.1]:
app[web.1]: 0 errors found
app[web.1]: Django version 1.4, using settings 'ClosetList.settings'
app[web.1]: Development server is running at http://0.0.0.0:41048/
app[web.1]: Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 143
heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
[Edit]
Same error msg with heroku pg:psql. I am however able to open a Django shell with heroku run python manage.py shell, but I can not access any data from within it (same error of course).
[/Edit]
any help with this is appreciated.
A:
Run
heroku config
and see if there are more than 2 heroku dbs configured and also see if DATABASE_URL point to your configured DB. If not, then you can promote your db to default DATABASE_URL by running:
heroku pg:promote HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_GREEN
Where HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_GREEN is your database name, you will see HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_GREEN_URL in your config.
Once your configured database is promoted to default database, you are ready to go.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd504372963fa9ccc3bca384b741c73abdac38abf69f43669ab85f4b7a33e60d5'} |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>task1</title>
<style>
#con{
display: flex;
margin-top: 1.5%;
margin-left: 1.5%;
width: 30%;
background-color: yellow;
border: 1px solid;
font-size:3vw;
font-weight: 900;
padding-top: 0.5%;
padding-left: 8%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="con" onmouseover="myMove1(this)" onmouseout="myMove2(this)">
Hello world!</div>
</body>
<script src="app.js"></script>
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
User Class from Models Module
"""
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
import hashlib
import models
from models.base_model import BaseModel, Base
from models.secrets import CIPHER
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
from sqlalchemy import Column, String, ForeignKey
from uuid import uuid4
class User(BaseModel, Base):
"""
User class handles all application users
"""
__tablename__ = 'users'
email = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
fbid = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
name = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
photo = Column(String(512), nullable=False)
tasks = relationship('Task', backref='task', cascade='delete')
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
instantiates user object
"""
REQUIRED = models.REQUIRED
if kwargs:
for req in REQUIRED:
if req not in kwargs:
return None
for key, val in kwargs.items():
kwargs[key] = User.text_encrypt(val)
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def text_encrypt(text):
"""
encrypts input to encypted string
"""
text_bytes = text.encode('utf-8')
encrypted_bytes = CIPHER.encrypt(text_bytes)
encrypted_string = encrypted_bytes.decode('utf-8')
return encrypted_string
def text_decrypt(text):
"""
encrypts input to encypted string
"""
text_bytes = text.encode('utf-8')
decrypted_bytes = CIPHER.decrypt(text_bytes)
decrypted_string = decrypted_bytes.decode('utf-8')
return decrypted_string
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Home Page Image
Matthew Kern
It's not easy to be of delicate constitution, complex surface, and enigmatic message and yet coexist, if not even sublimate, the raw, insistent rectangles of brick and sandblasted mortar walls of Gallery Imperato. Never mind. Matthew Kern's manipulated and assembled Polaroids gently manage their imperious milieu, fighting order with order, geometry with geometry.
Mathematical game boards or windowpanes to poetic views, the expanded grid structure of each of the works echoes the ratio of the Polaroid SX-70's legendary three-inch-square and bordered countenance. Using only this primary element, Kern directs his attentions outward into the world, capturing its vagaries in the multitudes of shots from his own vintage camera. In his studio the malleable surfaces of the photographs subsequently undergo journalistic intervention via Kern's notations and scribbles, sometimes scratched faintly into their backs as they aggregate on behalf of a narrative.
The individual shots themselves are hasty, unselfconscious, unassuming in the typical manner of this now extinct, once ubiquitous camera. But gathered into summary sets they explain oblique proceedings or record discordant memories and sensations. You might take them for a compilation of statements by witnesses with slightly differing perspectives or as a visual algorithm for calculating the many component truths in any occurrence.
Kern's themes are often essentially simple and personal: a dying deer encountered along the side of the road, a holiday memory, returning to a rural home, growing old. Occasionally they extend to the contemplation of Eastern ideals or political commentary.
It is an artist's job to experiment within their own self-imposed formats. That means that not everything will be as conclusive and successful as everything else. Sometimes such works are held back from exhibition, while other times they function to provide range and discrepancy. The works in this exhibit demonstrate the intrepid undertaking of inclusion. Many, such as "Return to Bethel," "Glimpse of Time Travel," "The Start of a Letter," "Halo Test," "Barely Anything," and most especially "A Forthewere Tree," are stunningly successful for their intricate, ruthless ambiguity or modest restraint of purpose. As riddles they trap their viewer in their seductive folds as if they were indeterminate fragrance. A few others, including "India," "Smell of Grass," and "Lucky Day," are simply too didactic and suffer from the explicit literary elements crayoned across their face.
Matthew Kern is, however, a self-taught artist. If there is one particular tendency that self-taught artists incline toward, it is a compulsion to apply statements to decorate their iconography--or possibly even exorcise it of any unintended demons. As the work moves nearer to conceptual freedom and clarity through enigma, explanations cease to be as necessary to narrow, deface, or cloak the mysteries in the image. Unless the subject is a word, that is, as it is in Kern's sublime newspaper-excerpted/-concocted "Forthewere"--which, in addition to giving the viewer a curious word to penetrate, also provides a series of empty boxes, ostensibly to fill with questions.
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Uplift 900 Standing Desk Review
Adjustable Desk - Seated to Standing Position - Uplift 900
Since August 2014 (about 6 months from when this review was written), I've really enjoyed the versatility of a seated or standing desktop in my home office via an Uplift 900 Adjustable Desk, so I thought I'd write a quick review.
Why should you have an adjustable desk?
For the past year, my husband Ben has benefited from having an adjustable Geek Desk in his home office which allows him to adjust his posture, switching from seated to standing positions throughout the day to help relieve a chronic back injury.
When I also started suffering from some pain in my right shoulder and both of my hips, I decided it was time to give MY office an overhaul and figure out a way to incorporate both standing and sitting while I work.
What are the options for an adjustable desk?
Like Ben, I work from home, but my office happens to be adjacent to the living room and kitchen areas of our house -- a VERY high visibility area of our home. So, in addition to wanting an adjustable-height workspace, I also still wanted it to look like part of our house--not like typical office furniture.
So I went shopping, and found several viable options. The Geek Desk was pretty pricey at $525 for the smaller frame and didn't quite accomodate the length of workspace that I needed in my office.
Geek Desk v3 Frame
I also considered a VariDesk, which sits on top of your desktop, and is significantly cheaper at about $300, but then only my computer space would be adjustable, which didn't give me an adjustable painting workspace, so it wasn't practical for my purposes.
VariDesk Pro
Amazon also carries several additional variations of adjustable or standing desks worth looking at if you're shopping for something similar, like the Jarvis Electric, MultiTable Mod Table, or the Ergotron WorkFit-D.
Ultimately, though I decided on the Uplift 900 Height-Adjustable Stand-Up Desk Base for several reasons:
UPLIFT 900 Height-Adjustable Stand-Up Desk Base (White Frame)
• Reasonably Priced - The Uplift 900 landed right in the middle of the high and low-end options at $499 (in August 2014) with free shipping.
• Accomodates Wide Width Desktops - It was important that I have lots of adjustable workspace for both my computer and my painting workspace. The Uplift 900 expands with enough support to accommodate my existing 96" x 23.5" white melamine desktop.
• Color Options - The base came in white, which would blend in seamlessly with the other desk furniture already in my office...and not look too "office-y" in the middle of our home. (It also comes in black and silver.)
• Streamlined Look - Asthetically, I liked that it has a t-bar style of support and didn't have the large visible metal support bar underneath the frame like my husband's Geek Desk has. Since my office and desk is more visible to the rest of our home, I wanted it to blend as much as possible.
• Programmable Keypad- Unlike Ben's Geek Desk, I like that the Uplift 900 has a keypad with programmable memory buttons to "remember" the various heights that I'd use regularly. This has been particularly helpful to adjust down to the correct seated position without going TOO low and crushing all the things stored underneath my desk. :)
Memory Keypad for Uplift 900 Adjustable Desk
Was it hard to put together?
It's extremely heavy, but it's so easy to assemble, thanks to the video assembly instructions. I needed help turning the desk over once it was assembled, but otherwise was able to do the entire assembly on my own.
Though I opted not to buy all the extra accessories that are available (I figured I could add those later if I found I needed them), I did appreciate the self-adhesive re-useable cord keepers they included to help keep all the cords beneath my desk corralled. With those installed beneath the desktop, I'm able to easily change monitors, add a new printer, move speaker cables, etc. without having to re-zip-tie every cord. It's the little things that make me happy. :)
Controlling wires underneath the Uplift 900 Height-Adjustable Desk
Here's a look at the underside of my desk. You can see how the support beam down the center is extended between the legs of the desk, as well as where the power supply control box and keypad are attached to the desktop.
Underneath the Uplift 900 Adjustable Desk Frame
Is it loud, or cumbersome to change heights?
Nope. It's very quiet and simple to use, so it's no problem to switch back and forth as often as necessary. Here's a short video I made to show how quiet it is, and how quickly it adjusts:
How much do you really use it?
I probably stand about 5 to 6 hours of each day and sit 3 to 4 hours of the day, but it depends a bit on what I'm working on, and how I'm feeling.
I LOVE that it's not just one option or the other, and in fact, sometimes I adjust the height by just an inch or two to relieve shoulder pain or eye strain if I happen to be doing more typing or browsing, etc.
Uplift 900 Adjustable Height Desk Review - Seated Position
Uplift 900 Adjustable Desk - Standing Position
Anything else I should consider before I buy?
There are just a couple of things I'd like to see as improvements or offer as warnings:
• I wish the keypad had a lock feature. If you have kids (which I do), there's nothing stopping them from pressing those buttons and changing your desk height. My kids know they are NOT allowed to touch, but I bought the desk when they were old enough to understand (and obey) that. A 2-year old could certainly not resist!
• The more weight you put on top of the desk, the slower it will transition, since the motor has to work harder. That's one of the reasons I opted NOT to buy the CPU case that would move with the desk as it adjusts -- though honestly, I don't think it would have been a problem. This sucker is STURDY!
Do you love it?
Emphatically, yes! Overall, I have been 100% pleased with my decision. I would NEVER go back to a sole-ly sitting desk again. The relief I've had in my shoulder and hips has been worth every penny. Plus, I enjoy not having to be so sedentary on long work days.
Uplift 900 Adjustable Desk Review - Seated to Standing Position
But what about ___________?
If you have any questions about how the Uplift 900 works, my experience with buying from The Human Solution (which was great), or anything else related, be sure to comment below and I'll do my best to answer!
7 comments so far:
Anonymous said:
I just bought the uplift 900 desk base. Could you please let me know where did you buy the desktop from?
Andrea said:
The desktop is just a pressed board with a finished edge that we bought at Menards (a home improvement store) years ago.
Joshua said:
Sorry to add another comment, but could you comment on the GeekDesk vs the Uplift w.r.t. stability? I haven't come across someone who's had access to both and would greatly appreciate your comments. I'm down to choosing between those two.
Joshua said:
Hi Andrea,
Can you comment on the stability of this desk? I had a terrible experience w/ the Ikea version that's been released recently and am very wary of buying a desk w/o a visible crossbar (like the GeekDesk). How stable is this desk through all heights?
Andrea said:
Joshua, I have found the Uplift 900 to be VERY stable both high and low -- and I have it extended to the widest width it will go. That said, I do have a very shallow desk (only 23" deep), which I'm sure helps with stability as well. The steel legs actually extend a couple of inches deeper than my desktop. Ben's Geek Desk, which does have that stability bar, is also very stable. He has a smaller desktop than I do, but it easily holds 3 monitors. His GeekDesk sits on thick carpet...while mine sits on a hardwood floor. Neither of us has ever had any concern of either desk toppling. :)
Josh said:
Hi Andrea,
The IKEA desk Joshua is talking about has a subtle wobbliness. But not an ignorable subtleness, but a sinister subtleness. Enough to wobble monitors when you are typing at full height, which is very distracting in the long run when you are trying to work. Can you comment on that aspect of the Uplift? Can you detect a slight wobble when typing?
Andrea said:
Any monitor wobbling is extremely minor (I've never been bothered by it or even noticed it). Typing right now with my desk at full height, I guess I see a tiny bit of movement, and if I lean on my desk or TRY to make it wobble, it will. But it's not enough to be annoying or even noticeable to me while I'm working. PS. The same tiny wobble is present at the seated height for my desk as well...perhaps that speaks more to the sturdiness of my monitors than the desk. :)
I would guess that the smaller your desktop is, and the closer together the legs of the desk are, the sturdier and less wobbly it will be. Since mine is extended out to the maximum width, with additional 17" of desktop on the outside of each leg, the tiny bit of wobble isn't so unexpected or unreasonable.
Ben's Geek Desk has a narrower footprint and a smaller desktop. It's also surrounded by other pieces of his office furniture, but it holds 3 monitors, and I've never heard him complain about the wobble factor either.
Here's a photo of his desk setup:
Post new comment
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Why Supernatural Should Join The Arrowverse (& Why It Shouldn't)
Arrow Stephen Amell and Supernatural
The current seasons of both Arrow and Supernatural wrap up this month, and as fans get ready for a summer bereft of superhero and supernatural goodness, a familiar question comes to mind. Should these two incredible CW shows finally meet in a super-crossover?
It's an idea that has been floating around for some time now, one that Arrow's Stephen Amell enthusiastically supports. More than once, the actor has said that he would love to see the Winchesters wander into the Arrowverse, and each time he says it he receives enthusiastic fan support. At the end of 2015, there was even some speculation that Amell could be appearing in Supernatural, in a wrestling-themed episode (although this didn't pan out). Supernatural spin-offs have also been considered by the network, suggesting that the CW is looking to expand on the hugely popular show, and a crossover could be a perfect way to do so.
The Ultimate Fan-Service
Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester in Supernatural
It's easy to see why Amell and so many fans, support an Arrow/SPN crossover. The shows have a similar tone, target audience, and are both genre shows that aren't afraid to get into magic and monsters. Both are hugely popular on the CW, and it's highly likely that the same viewers are tuning into both shows on a regular basis already - making a crossover a love letter to fans. The network is already known for catering to fan preferences (for good reason), and the decision to turn Felicity Smoak (Emily Bett Rickards) into such a huge character in Arrow was driven at least in part by how popular she was with the viewers.
In addition, there are a wealth of ways to tie the plots of both shows together. Team Arrow and the Winchesters regularly deal with magic-wielders and unbelievable monsters, have brought people back from the dead, and try to fight the good fight. If a monster were to wander into Star City, the Winchesters could well chase it there and bump into the Green Arrow and his friends.
Justice League Dark Potential?
Matt Ryan as Constantine on Arrow with Stephen Amell
A crossover would also be the perfect place to bring back a fan-favorite character: John Constantine (Matt Ryan). Constantine has appeared on Arrow a handful of times since his standalone series was cancelled on NBC, and he would be a perfect match for the Winchesters. As the resident supernatural expert, Constantine has been contacted by Team Arrow whenever they have been dealing with occult bad guys, and he and the Winchesters would be a phenomenal match.
A crossover between Supernatural and Arrow could even act as a launch-pad for another spin-off, one that covers both shows: Justice League Dark. In the same way that Legends of Tomorrow was created out of The Flash and Arrow, a JLD series led by Constantine could be born from Arrow and Supernatural.
Behind The Scenes
Stephen Amell and Jared Padalecki YouTube video
As well as making sense from a storytelling perspective, a crossover would make perfect sense from a more practical perspective. The stars of both shows (Stephen Amell and Jared Padalecki) are great friends in real life, and often post photos and videos of themselves together on social media. (In fact, Amell has helped Padalecki to become more active on social media, and to launch his charity t-shirt campaign.) This friendship would translate to some amazing on-screen moments. In addition, both shows are filmed in Vancouver and run on the same schedule - and even air one day apart. It's the perfect set-up for a crossover that would make people happy on both sides of the camera.
Potential Problems
Stephen Amell in Arrow Season 5
Of course, it's not all sunshine and rainbows. An Arrow/SPN crossover would have its fair share of problems, not least the issue of reconciling two entirely separate universes and their apocalyptic storylines.
Supernatural, for one thing, takes place firmly within our own world. Sam and Dean (Jensen Ackles) travel around the United States that exists, which is a United States without Star City, Central City, Keystone City, Coast City, or any of the other cities seen in the Arrowverse. That's not something that would be easy to explain away. Similarly, there have been some pretty major apocalypses in both worlds... where were the Winchesters when the particle accelerator exploded? Why haven't the metahumans shown up when they are looking for cases, or when the British Men of Letters have been scouring the country for monsters to eradicate? Similarly, where were Team Arrow and Team Flash when the Darkness started to roll over the country? Oliver may have been on the island and Barry Allen (Grant Gustin) a mere human for the earlier Supernatural apocalypses, but they wouldn't have missed all of them. Combining these two universes would take some very interesting writing, and it may just be too complicated to try.
An Unmanageable Universe
There's another big issue with combining these two universes, as well: that this would create a massive, unwieldy universe that isn't totally necessary just for the sake of a fan-service episode. Keeping up with twelve seasons of Supernatural is one thing. Keeping up with that, and five seasons of Arrow, and three of The Flash, and two of Legends of Tomorrow, and two of Supergirl, and one of Constantine... it's a lot to ask of the fandom. Keeping continuity and canon in order for the existing DC TV universe is hard enough (especially with characters time traveling all over the place!), and adding the enormous Supernatural universe on top could easily be too much.
There is already evidence that the CW is aware of this potential problem with having too many interconnected shows, as well. The upcoming Black Lightning, another DC superhero show launching on the CW this fall, will not be crossing over into the Arrowverse. It makes sense, too - at some point, it just becomes too complex to write multiple shows within a single world.
Will It Happen?
It's very possible that Supernatural and Arrow will join forces at some point, but if that does happen, it's likely that there will be some multi-verse action going on. In the same way that Supergirl was folded into the Arrowverse on another Earth, most of the problems with an Arrow/SPN crossover could be solved by revealing that the Winchesters exist in yet another parallel universe. One without superheroes, but with plenty of monsters.
The Winchesters have even dealt with alternate timelines and universes in the past. They actually bounced from alternate universe to alternate universe by 'channel surfing', they have wandered into a world where they are actors playing themselves, and even into a world where they aren't hunters. Add in some trips to Purgatory, Heaven, and Hell, and the thought of a jaunt to Earth-1 seems positively prosaic. This would let the teams meet, give Constantine a chance to shine on screen again, and then send them home with the fans happy and no need for extensive explanations.
It's not a guarantee, by any means, but it's definitely not off the table. The cast supports the idea, and the writers are certainly not averse to a little fan-service fun. The Flash/Supergirl musical episode was certainly done for the sheer joy of it, and with the news that the Winchesters are about to meet the gang from Scooby Doo next season, it looks like the SPN writers room is also having a little fun. Who knows, Sam and Dean might suit up as early as next fall!
Next: 17 Stars You Forgot Appeared On Supernatural
Doom Patrol Cast Photo With Bus
Doom Patrol: 5 Biggest Questions After Episode 1
More in SR Originals | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9639396667480468}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '104656', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:YAKM3F4C5BI4IS3GOJCJZ24TJ5KD3NJY', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8355d77b-0074-4426-baa4-f703a33c643d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 17, 16, 16), 'WARC-IP-Address': '34.202.200.131', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:V54RXSWHFGT3NNQVZWI2PDLHCPKQ7N6J', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7fec588c-90bb-4985-a1a5-b6369a6cc02e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://screenrant.com/supernatural-arrowverse-cw-tv-connections/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f055d18f-92d8-479b-8c50-d7889f673f0d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1284', 'url': 'https://screenrant.com/supernatural-arrowverse-cw-tv-connections/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-156-82-108.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06694209575653076', 'original_id': '455a3ebcc683c6d8a57f4d6c6fe986ee7d9f64c7efd88c2d3068349b46ac2365'} |
start (int, str, or datetime, optional) – Zero-indexed observation number at which to start forecasting,
i.e., the first forecast is start. Can also be a date string to
parse or a datetime type. Default is the the zeroth observation.
end (int, str, or datetime, optional) – Zero-indexed observation number at which to end forecasting, i.e.,
the last forecast is end. Can also be a date string to
parse or a datetime type. However, if the dates index does not
have a fixed frequency, end must be an integer index if you
want out of sample prediction. Default is the last observation in
the sample.
dynamic (boolean, int, str, or datetime, optional) – Integer offset relative to start at which to begin dynamic
prediction. Can also be an absolute date string to parse or a
datetime type (these are not interpreted as offsets).
Prior to this observation, true endogenous values will be used for
prediction; starting with this observation and continuing through
the end of prediction, forecasted endogenous values will be used
instead.
**kwargs – Additional arguments may required for forecasting beyond the end
of the sample. See FilterResults.predict for more details.
Returns:
forecast – Array of out of in-sample predictions and / or out-of-sample
forecasts. An (npredict x k_endog) array. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7dc0ca5aad86ed99c25ceddd552f63b61a9e3edeb387905aee72009498272479'} |
2.1488 1.2472 0 2.5103 1.9167 0 2.8729 2.8624 0 3.1752 4.1273 0 3.35 5.8642 0 0.914 1.9015
2.1657 1.2543 0 2.5309 1.9279 0 2.8979 2.8794 0 3.2051 4.1524 0 3.3854 5.9009 0 0.92069 1.9049
2.1826 1.2614 0 2.5515 1.939 0 2.9229 2.8963 0 3.2351 4.1774 0 3.4209 5.9375 0 0.92738 1.9082
2.1995 1.2685 0 2.5721 1.95 0 2.948 2.9132 0 3.2651 4.2023 0 3.4565 5.974 0 0.93407 1.9116
2.2164 1.2756 0 2.5928 1.961 0 2.9731 2.93 0 3.2952 4.2272 0 3.4923 6.0104 0 0.94075 1.9149
2.2333 1.2826 0 2.6135 1.972 0 2.9982 2.9468 0 3.3254 4.252 0 3.5281 6.0467 0 0.94744 1.9183
2.2503 1.2896 0 2.6341 1.983 0 3.0234 2.9635 0 3.3556 4.2767 0 3.5641 6.0829 0 0.95413 1.9216
2.2672 1.2966 0 2.6548 1.9939 0 3.0486 2.9802 0 3.3859 4.3013 0 3.6001 6.1191 0 0.96082 1.9249
2.2842 1.3036 0 2.6756 2.0048 0 3.0739 2.9968 0 3.4163 4.3259 0 3.6363 6.1551 0 0.96751 1.9283
2.3011 1.3105 0 2.6963 2.0157 0 3.0991 3.0134 0 3.4467 4.3505 0 3.6726 6.1911 0 0.9742 1.9316
2.3181 1.3174 0 2.7171 2.0265 0 3.1245 3.0299 0 3.4772 4.3749 0 3.7089 6.227 0 0.98089 1.935
2.3351 1.3243 0 2.7379 2.0373 0 3.1498 3.0464 0 3.5077 4.3993 0 3.7454 6.2628 0 0.98758 1.9383
2.3521 1.3312 0 2.7587 2.0481 0 3.1752 3.0628 0 3.5383 4.4237 0 3.782 6.2985 0 0.99427 1.9417
2.3691 1.3381 0 2.7795 2.0588 0 3.2006 3.0792 0 3.569 4.4479 0 3.8186 6.3341 0 1.001 1.945
2.3861 1.3449 0 2.8003 2.0695 0 3.2261 3.0955 0 3.5997 4.4721 0 3.8554 6.3696 0 1.0076 1.9484
2.4032 1.3517 0 2.8212 2.0801 0 3.2516 3.1118 0 3.6305 4.4963 0 3.8923 6.4051 0 1.0143 1.9517
2.4202 1.3585 0 2.8421 2.0908 0 3.2771 3.1281 0 3.6613 4.5203 0 3.9292 6.4404 0 1.021 1.955
2.4373 1.3653 0 2.863 2.1014 0 3.3027 3.1443 0 3.6922 4.5443 0 3.9663 6.4757 0 1.0277 1.9584
2.4543 1.372 0 2.8839 2.1119 0 3.3283 3.1604 0 3.7232 4.5683 0 4.0034 6.5109 0 1.0344 1.9617
2.4714 1.3788 0 2.9048 2.1225 0 3.3539 3.1765 0 3.7542 4.5922 0 4.0407 6.546 0 1.0411 1.9651
2.4885 1.3855 0 2.9258 2.133 0 3.3796 3.1926 0 3.7853 4.616 0 4.078 6.581 0 1.0478 1.9684
2.5055 1.3922 0 2.9467 2.1434 0 3.4053 3.2086 0 3.8164 4.6397 0 4.1155 6.6159 0 1.0545 1.9718
2.5226 1.3988 0 2.9677 2.1539 0 3.431 3.2245 0 3.8476 4.6634 0 4.153 6.6508 0 1.0612 1.9751
2.5397 1.4055 0 2.9887 2.1643 0 3.4568 3.2405 0 3.8788 4.687 0 4.1906 6.6855 0 1.0678 1.9785
2.5569 1.4121 0 3.0097 2.1747 0 3.4826 3.2563 0 3.9101 4.7106 0 4.2284 6.7202 0 1.0745 1.9818
2.574 1.4187 0 3.0308 2.185 0 3.5084 3.2722 0 3.9415 4.7341 0 4.2662 6.7548 0 1.0812 1.9851
2.5911 1.4253 0 3.0518 2.1953 0 3.5343 3.288 0 3.9729 4.7575 0 4.3041 6.7893 0 1.0879 1.9885
2.6083 1.4318 0 3.0729 2.2056 0 3.5601 3.3037 0 4.0043 4.7809 0 4.3421 6.8237 0 1.0946 1.9918
2.6254 1.4384 0 3.094 2.2158 0 3.5861 3.3194 0 4.0358 4.8042 0 4.3802 6.8581 0 1.1013 1.9952
2.6426 1.4449 0 3.1151 2.2261 0 3.612 3.335 0 4.0674 4.8275 0 4.4183 6.8923 0 1.108 1.9985
2.6597 1.4514 0 3.1362 2.2362 0 3.638 3.3506 0 4.099 4.8507 0 4.4566 6.9265 0 1.1147 2.0019
2.6769 1.4579 0 3.1574 2.2464 0 3.664 3.3662 0 4.1307 4.8738 0 4.4949 6.9606 0 1.1214 2.0052
2.6941 1.4643 0 3.1785 2.2565 0 3.6901 3.3817 0 4.1624 4.8968 0 4.5334 6.9946 0 1.128 2.0086
2.7113 1.4708 0 3.1997 2.2666 0 3.7161 3.3972 0 4.1942 4.9198 0 4.5719 7.0285 0 1.1347 2.0119
2.7285 1.4772 0 3.2209 2.2767 0 3.7422 3.4126 0 4.226 4.9428 0 4.6105 7.0623 0 1.1414 2.0152
2.7457 1.4836 0 3.2421 2.2867 0 3.7684 3.428 0 4.2579 4.9657 0 4.6492 7.0961 0 1.1481 2.0186
2.7629 1.49 0 3.2633 2.2967 0 3.7945 3.4433 0 4.2898 4.9885 0 4.688 7.1297 0 1.1548 2.0219
2.7801 1.4963 0 3.2846 2.3067 0 3.8207 3.4586 0 4.3218 5.0112 0 4.7268 7.1633 0 1.1615 2.0253
2.7974 1.5027 0 3.3058 2.3167 0 3.8469 3.4739 0 4.3538 5.0339 0 4.7658 7.1968 0 1.1682 2.0286
2.8146 1.509 0 3.3271 2.3266 0 3.8732 3.4891 0 4.3859 5.0566 0 4.8048 7.2302 0 1.1749 2.032
2.8319 1.5153 0 3.3484 2.3365 0 3.8995 3.5043 0 4.418 5.0792 0 4.8439 7.2636 0 1.1816 2.0353
2.8491 1.5216 0 3.3697 2.3463 0 3.9258 3.5194 0 4.4501 5.1017 0 4.8831 7.2968 0 1.1882 2.0387
2.8664 1.5279 0 3.391 2.3562 0 3.9521 3.5345 0 4.4824 5.1241 0 4.9224 7.33 0 1.1949 2.042
2.8837 1.5341 0 3.4124 2.366 0 3.9785 3.5495 0 4.5146 5.1465 0 4.9617 7.3631 0 1.2016 2.0453
2.901 1.5403 0 3.4337 2.3758 0 4.0048 3.5645 0 4.5469 5.1689 0 5.0012 7.3961 0 1.2083 2.0487
2.9183 1.5465 0 3.4551 2.3855 0 4.0313 3.5795 0 4.5793 5.1911 0 5.0407 7.4291 0 1.215 2.052
2.9355 1.5527 0 3.4764 2.3952 0 4.0577 3.5944 0 4.6117 5.2134 0 5.0803 7.4619 0 1.2217 2.0554
2.9529 1.5589 0 3.4978 2.4049 0 4.0842 3.6093 0 4.6442 5.2355 0 5.1199 7.4947 0 1.2284 2.0587
2.9702 1.565 0 3.5192 2.4146 0 4.1107 3.6241 0 4.6767 5.2576 0 5.1597 7.5274 0 1.2351 2.0621
2.9875 1.5712 0 3.5407 2.4242 0 4.1372 3.6389 0 4.7092 5.2797 0 5.1995 7.56 0 1.2418 2.0654
3.0048 1.5773 0 3.5621 2.4338 0 4.1637 3.6536 0 4.7418 5.3017 0 5.2394 7.5925 0 1.2484 2.0688
3.0222 1.5834 0 3.5836 2.4434 0 4.1903 3.6683 0 4.7744 5.3236 0 5.2794 7.625 0 1.2551 2.0721
3.0395 1.5894 0 3.605 2.4529 0 4.2169 3.683 0 4.8071 5.3455 0 5.3194 7.6573 0 1.2618 2.0754
3.0568 1.5955 0 3.6265 2.4624 0 4.2435 3.6976 0 4.8399 5.3673 0 5.3596 7.6896 0 1.2685 2.0788
3.0742 1.6015 0 3.648 2.4719 0 4.2702 3.7122 0 4.8726 5.389 0 5.3998 7.7218 0 1.2752 2.0821
3.0916 1.6076 0 3.6695 2.4814 0 4.2969 3.7268 0 4.9054 5.4107 0 5.44 7.754 0 1.2819 2.0855
3.1089 1.6136 0 3.691 2.4908 0 4.3236 3.7413 0 4.9383 5.4324 0 5.4804 7.786 0 1.2886 2.0888
3.1263 1.6195 0 3.7125 2.5002 0 4.3503 3.7557 0 4.9712 5.454 0 5.5208 7.818 0 1.2953 2.0922
3.1437 1.6255 0 3.7341 2.5096 0 4.3771 3.7702 0 5.0041 5.4755 0 5.5613 7.8499 0 1.302 2.0955
3.1611 1.6315 0 3.7557 2.519 0 4.4038 3.7845 0 5.0371 5.497 0 5.6019 7.8817 0 1.3086 2.0989
3.1785 1.6374 0 3.7772 2.5283 0 4.4306 3.7989 0 5.0702 5.5184 0 5.6425 7.9135 0 1.3153 2.1022
3.1959 1.6433 0 3.7988 2.5376 0 4.4575 3.8132 0 5.1032 5.5397 0 5.6832 7.9451 0 1.322 2.1055
3.2133 1.6492 0 3.8204 2.5469 0 4.4843 3.8274 0 5.1363 5.561 0 5.724 7.9767 0 1.3287 2.1089
3.2307 1.6551 0 3.842 2.5561 0 4.5112 3.8417 0 5.1695 5.5823 0 5.7648 8.0082 0 1.3354 2.1122
3.2482 1.6609 0 3.8637 2.5653 0 4.5381 3.8558 0 5.2027 5.6035 0 5.8058 8.0397 0 1.3421 2.1156
3.2656 1.6668 0 3.8853 2.5745 0 4.565 3.87 0 5.2359 5.6246 0 5.8467 8.071 0 1.3488 2.1189
3.283 1.6726 0 3.907 2.5837 0 4.592 3.8841 0 5.2692 5.6457 0 5.8878 8.1023 0 1.3555 2.1223
3.3005 1.6784 0 3.9286 2.5928 0 4.6189 3.8982 0 5.3025 5.6667 0 5.9289 8.1335 0 1.3622 2.1256
3.3179 1.6842 0 3.9503 2.6019 0 4.6459 3.9122 0 5.3359 5.6877 0 5.9701 8.1646 0 1.3688 2.129
3.3354 1.69 0 3.972 2.611 0 4.6729 3.9262 0 5.3693 5.7086 0 6.0114 8.1957 0 1.3755 2.1323
3.3529 1.6957 0 3.9937 2.6201 0 4.7 3.9401 0 5.4027 5.7294 0 6.0527 8.2266 0 1.3822 2.1357
3.3703 1.7015 0 4.0154 2.6291 0 4.727 3.9541 0 5.4362 5.7503 0 6.0941 8.2575 0 1.3889 2.139
3.3878 1.7072 0 4.0371 2.6381 0 4.7541 3.9679 0 5.4697 5.771 0 6.1355 8.2884 0 1.3956 2.1423
3.4053 1.7129 0 4.0589 2.6471 0 4.7812 3.9818 0 5.5033 5.7917 0 6.177 8.3191 0 1.4023 2.1457
3.4228 1.7186 0 4.0806 2.6561 0 4.8084 3.9956 0 5.5368 5.8123 0 6.2186 8.3498 0 1.409 2.149
3.4403 1.7243 0 4.1024 2.665 0 4.8355 4.0093 0 5.5705 5.8329 0 6.2603 8.3804 0 1.4157 2.1524
3.4578 1.7299 0 4.1242 2.6739 0 4.8627 4.023 0 5.6041 5.8535 0 6.302 8.4109 0 1.4224 2.1557
3.4753 1.7355 0 4.1459 2.6828 0 4.8899 4.0367 0 5.6378 5.874 0 6.3438 8.4413 0 1.429 2.1591
3.4928 1.7412 0 4.1677 2.6916 0 4.9171 4.0504 0 5.6716 5.8944 0 6.3856 8.4717 0 1.4357 2.1624
3.5103 1.7468 0 4.1896 2.7005 0 4.9443 4.064 0 5.7054 5.9148 0 6.4275 8.502 0 1.4424 2.1658
3.5279 1.7524 0 4.2114 2.7093 0 4.9716 4.0776 0 5.7392 5.9351 0 6.4695 8.5322 0 1.4491 2.1691
3.5454 1.7579 0 4.2332 2.7181 0 4.9989 4.0911 0 5.773 5.9554 0 6.5115 8.5624 0 1.4558 2.1724
3.5629 1.7635 0 4.2551 2.7268 0 5.0262 4.1046 0 5.8069 5.9756 0 6.5536 8.5924 0 1.4625 2.1758
3.5805 1.769 0 4.2769 2.7355 0 5.0535 4.1181 0 5.8408 5.9957 0 6.5957 8.6224 0 1.4692 2.1791
3.598 1.7746 0 4.2988 2.7443 0 5.0808 4.1315 0 5.8748 6.0159 0 6.6379 8.6524 0 1.4759 2.1825
3.6156 1.7801 0 4.3207 2.7529 0 5.1082 4.1449 0 5.9088 6.0359 0 6.6802 8.6822 0 1.4826 2.1858
3.6331 1.7856 0 4.3425 2.7616 0 5.1356 4.1582 0 5.9428 6.0559 0 6.7225 8.712 0 1.4892 2.1892
3.6507 1.791 0 4.3644 2.7702 0 5.163 4.1716 0 5.9769 6.0759 0 6.7649 8.7417 0 1.4959 2.1925
3.6683 1.7965 0 4.3864 2.7788 0 5.1904 4.1848 0 6.011 6.0958 0 6.8073 8.7714 0 1.5026 2.1959
3.6859 1.8019 0 4.4083 2.7874 0 5.2178 4.1981 0 6.0451 6.1156 0 6.8498 8.8009 0 1.5093 2.1992
3.7034 1.8074 0 4.4302 2.796 0 5.2453 4.2113 0 6.0793 6.1354 0 6.8924 8.8304 0 1.516 2.2025
3.721 1.8128 0 4.4522 2.8045 0 5.2728 4.2245 0 6.1135 6.1552 0 6.935 8.8599 0 1.5227 2.2059
3.7386 1.8182 0 4.4741 2.813 0 5.3003 4.2376 0 6.1477 6.1749 0 6.9777 8.8892 0 1.5294 2.2092
3.7562 1.8236 0 4.4961 2.8215 0 5.3278 4.2507 0 6.182 6.1946 0 7.0204 8.9185 0 1.5361 2.2126
3.7738 1.8289 0 4.518 2.83 0 5.3553 4.2638 0 6.2163 6.2142 0 7.0632 8.9477 0 1.5428 2.2159
3.7914 1.8343 0 4.54 2.8384 0 5.3829 4.2768 0 6.2506 6.2337 0 7.106 8.9768 0 1.5495 2.2193
3.8091 1.8396 0 4.562 2.8469 0 5.4104 4.2898 0 6.285 6.2532 0 7.1489 9.0059 0 1.5561 2.2226
3.8267 1.8449 0 4.584 2.8552 0 5.438 4.3028 0 6.3194 6.2727 0 7.1919 9.0349 0 1.5628 2.226
3.8443 1.8502 0 4.606 2.8636 0 5.4656 4.3157 0 6.3538 6.2921 0 7.2349 9.0638 0 1.5695 2.2293
3.8619 1.8555 0 4.6281 2.872 0 5.4933 4.3286 0 6.3883 6.3114 0 7.2779 9.0927 0 1.5762 2.2326
3.8796 1.8608 0 4.6501 2.8803 0 5.5209 4.3415 0 6.4228 6.3307 0 7.3211 9.1215 0 1.5829 2.236
3.8972 1.8661 0 4.6721 2.8886 0 5.5486 4.3543 0 6.4573 6.35 0 7.3642 9.1502 0 1.5896 2.2393
3.9149 1.8713 0 4.6942 2.8969 0 5.5763 4.3671 0 6.4918 6.3692 0 7.4074 9.1788 0 1.5963 2.2427
3.9325 1.8765 0 4.7163 2.9051 0 5.604 4.3798 0 6.5264 6.3883 0 7.4507 9.2074 0 1.603 2.246
3.9502 1.8818 0 4.7383 2.9134 0 5.6317 4.3926 0 6.561 6.4074 0 7.494 9.2359 0 1.6097 2.2494
3.9678 1.887 0 4.7604 2.9216 0 5.6594 4.4053 0 6.5957 6.4265 0 7.5374 9.2643 0 1.6163 2.2527
3.9855 1.8922 0 4.7825 2.9298 0 5.6872 4.4179 0 6.6304 6.4455 0 7.5808 9.2927 0 1.623 2.2561
4.0032 1.8973 0 4.8046 2.9379 0 5.715 4.4305 0 6.6651 6.4644 0 7.6243 9.321 0 1.6297 2.2594
4.0208 1.9025 0 4.8267 2.9461 0 5.7427 4.4431 0 6.6998 6.4834 0 7.6679 9.3492 0 1.6364 2.2627
4.0385 1.9076 0 4.8488 2.9542 0 5.7706 4.4557 0 6.7346 6.5022 0 7.7114 9.3774 0 1.6431 2.2661
4.0562 1.9128 0 4.871 2.9623 0 5.7984 4.4682 0 6.7694 6.521 0 7.7551 9.4055 0 1.6498 2.2694
4.0739 1.9179 0 4.8931 2.9704 0 5.8262 4.4807 0 6.8042 6.5398 0 7.7988 9.4335 0 1.6565 2.2728
4.0916 1.923 0 4.9153 2.9784 0 5.8541 4.4932 0 6.8391 6.5585 0 7.8425 9.4615 0 1.6632 2.2761
4.1093 1.9281 0 4.9374 2.9865 0 5.882 4.5056 0 6.874 6.5772 0 7.8863 9.4894 0 1.6699 2.2795
4.127 1.9331 0 4.9596 2.9945 0 5.9098 4.518 0 6.9089 6.5958 0 7.9301 9.5172 0 1.6765 2.2828
4.1447 1.9382 0 4.9818 3.0025 0 5.9378 4.5303 0 6.9438 6.6144 0 7.974 9.545 0 1.6832 2.2862
4.1624 1.9432 0 5.0039 3.0104 0 5.9657 4.5427 0 6.9788 6.6329 0 8.0179 9.5727 0 1.6899 2.2895
4.1801 1.9483 0 5.0261 3.0184 0 5.9936 4.5549 0 7.0138 6.6514 0 8.0619 9.6003 0 1.6966 2.2928
4.1979 1.9533 0 5.0483 3.0263 0 6.0216 4.5672 0 7.0488 6.6698 0 8.1059 9.6278 0 1.7033 2.2962
4.2156 1.9583 0 5.0705 3.0342 0 6.0495 4.5794 0 7.0839 6.6882 0 8.15 9.6553 0 1.71 2.2995
4.2333 1.9633 0 5.0928 3.0421 0 6.0775 4.5916 0 7.119 6.7066 0 8.1941 9.6828 0 1.7167 2.3029
4.2511 1.9682 0 5.115 3.0499 0 6.1055 4.6038 0 7.1541 6.7249 0 8.2383 9.7101 0 1.7234 2.3062
4.2688 1.9732 0 5.1372 3.0578 0 6.1336 4.6159 0 7.1892 6.7431 0 8.2825 9.7374 0 1.7301 2.3096
4.2865 1.9781 0 5.1595 3.0656 0 6.1616 4.628 0 7.2244 6.7613 0 8.3267 9.7646 0 1.7367 2.3129
4.3043 1.9831 0 5.1817 3.0734 0 6.1896 4.6401 0 7.2596 6.7795 0 8.371 9.7918 0 1.7434 2.3163
4.322 1.988 0 5.204 3.0812 0 6.2177 4.6521 0 7.2948 6.7976 0 8.4154 9.8189 0 1.7501 2.3196
4.3398 1.9929 0 5.2263 3.0889 0 6.2458 4.6641 0 7.3301 6.8157 0 8.4598 9.8459 0 1.7568 2.3229
4.3576 1.9978 0 5.2485 3.0967 0 6.2739 4.6761 0 7.3653 6.8337 0 8.5042 9.8729 0 1.7635 2.3263
4.3753 2.0027 0 5.2708 3.1044 0 6.302 4.6881 0 7.4006 6.8517 0 8.5487 9.8998 0 1.7702 2.3296
4.3931 2.0075 0 5.2931 3.1121 0 6.3301 4.7 0 7.4359 6.8696 0 8.5932 9.9267 0 1.7769 2.333
4.4109 2.0124 0 5.3154 3.1197 0 6.3583 4.7119 0 7.4713 6.8875 0 8.6378 9.9534 0 1.7836 2.3363
4.4286 2.0172 0 5.3377 3.1274 0 6.3864 4.7237 0 7.5067 6.9053 0 8.6824 9.9801 0 1.7903 2.3397
4.4464 2.022 0 5.36 3.135 0 6.4146 4.7355 0 7.5421 6.9231 0 8.7271 10.007 0 1.7969 2.343
4.4642 2.0268 0 5.3824 3.1426 0 6.4428 4.7473 0 7.5775 6.9409 0 8.7718 10.033 0 1.8036 2.3464
4.482 2.0316 0 5.4047 3.1502 0 6.471 4.7591 0 7.613 6.9586 0 8.8165 10.06 0 1.8103 2.3497
4.4998 2.0364 0 5.427 3.1578 0 6.4992 4.7708 0 7.6484 6.9762 0 8.8613 10.086 0 1.817 2.353
4.5176 2.0412 0 5.4494 3.1653 0 6.5274 4.7825 0 7.6839 6.9939 0 8.9061 10.113 0 1.8237 2.3564
4.5354 2.046 0 5.4717 3.1729 0 6.5556 4.7942 0 7.7195 7.0114 0 8.951 10.139 0 1.8304 2.3597
4.5532 2.0507 0 5.4941 3.1804 0 6.5839 4.8058 0 7.755 7.029 0 8.9959 10.165 0 1.8371 2.3631
4.571 2.0554 0 5.5165 3.1879 0 6.6122 4.8174 0 7.7906 7.0465 0 9.0408 10.192 0 1.8438 2.3664
4.5888 2.0602 0 5.5388 3.1953 0 6.6404 4.829 0 7.8262 7.0639 0 9.0858 10.218 0 1.8505 2.3698
4.6066 2.0649 0 5.5612 3.2028 0 6.6687 4.8405 0 7.8618 7.0813 0 9.1309 10.244 0 1.8571 2.3731
4.6244 2.0696 0 5.5836 3.2102 0 6.697 4.8521 0 7.8974 7.0987 0 9.1759 10.27 0 1.8638 2.3765
4.6423 2.0742 0 5.606 3.2176 0 6.7254 4.8635 0 7.9331 7.116 0 9.2211 10.296 0 1.8705 2.3798
4.6601 2.0789 0 5.6284 3.225 0 6.7537 4.875 0 7.9688 7.1333 0 9.2662 10.322 0 1.8772 2.3831
4.6779 2.0836 0 5.6508 3.2324 0 6.7821 4.8864 0 8.0045 7.1505 0 9.3114 10.347 0 1.8839 2.3865
4.6958 2.0882 0 5.6733 3.2398 0 6.8104 4.8978 0 8.0403 7.1677 0 9.3566 10.373 0 1.8906 2.3898
4.7136 2.0928 0 5.6957 3.2471 0 6.8388 4.9092 0 8.076 7.1848 0 9.4019 10.399 0 1.8973 2.3932
4.7314 2.0975 0 5.7181 3.2544 0 6.8672 4.9206 0 8.1118 7.2019 0 9.4472 10.425 0 1.904 2.3965
4.7493 2.1021 0 5.7406 3.2617 0 6.8956 4.9319 0 8.1476 7.219 0 9.4926 10.45 0 1.9107 2.3999
4.7671 2.1067 0 5.763 3.269 0 6.924 4.9431 0 8.1834 7.236 0 9.538 10.476 0 1.9173 2.4032
4.785 2.1113 0 5.7855 3.2762 0 6.9524 4.9544 0 8.2193 7.253 0 9.5834 10.501 0 1.924 2.4066
4.8028 2.1158 0 5.8079 3.2835 0 6.9809 4.9656 0 8.2552 7.2699 0 9.6289 10.527 0 1.9307 2.4099
4.8207 2.1204 0 5.8304 3.2907 0 7.0093 4.9768 0 8.2911 7.2868 0 9.6744 10.552 0 1.9374 2.4132
4.8386 2.1249 0 5.8529 3.2979 0 7.0378 4.988 0 8.327 7.3037 0 9.7199 10.577 0 1.9441 2.4166
4.8564 2.1295 0 5.8754 3.3051 0 7.0663 4.9991 0 8.3629 7.3205 0 9.7655 10.602 0 1.9508 2.4199
4.8743 2.134 0 5.8979 3.3122 0 7.0947 5.0103 0 8.3989 7.3373 0 9.8111 10.628 0 1.9575 2.4233
4.8922 2.1385 0 5.9204 3.3194 0 7.1232 5.0213 0 8.4349 7.354 0 9.8567 10.653 0 1.9642 2.4266
4.9101 2.143 0 5.9429 3.3265 0 7.1518 5.0324 0 8.4709 7.3707 0 9.9024 10.678 0 1.9709 2.43
4.9279 2.1475 0 5.9654 3.3336 0 7.1803 5.0434 0 8.5069 7.3873 0 9.9481 10.703 0 1.9775 2.4333
4.9458 2.152 0 5.9879 3.3407 0 7.2088 5.0544 0 8.5429 7.4039 0 9.9939 10.728 0 1.9842 2.4367
4.9637 2.1564 0 6.0104 3.3478 0 7.2374 5.0654 0 8.579 7.4205 0 10.04 10.753 0 1.9909 2.44
4.9816 2.1609 0 6.0329 3.3548 0 7.2659 5.0764 0 8.6151 7.437 0 10.086 10.777 0 1.9976 2.4433
4.9995 2.1653 0 6.0555 3.3618 0 7.2945 5.0873 0 8.6512 7.4535 0 10.131 10.802 0 2.0043 2.4467
5.0174 2.1697 0 6.078 3.3689 0 7.3231 5.0982 0 8.6873 7.4699 0 10.177 10.827 0 2.011 2.45
5.0353 2.1741 0 6.1006 3.3759 0 7.3517 5.109 0 8.7235 7.4863 0 10.223 10.852 0 2.0177 2.4534
5.0532 2.1786 0 6.1231 3.3828 0 7.3803 5.1199 0 8.7596 7.5027 0 10.269 10.876 0 2.0244 2.4567
5.0711 2.1829 0 6.1457 3.3898 0 7.4089 5.1307 0 8.7958 7.519 0 10.315 10.901 0 2.0311 2.4601
5.089 2.1873 0 6.1682 3.3967 0 7.4375 5.1415 0 8.832 7.5353 0 10.361 10.925 0 2.0377 2.4634
5.1069 2.1917 0 6.1908 3.4037 0 7.4662 5.1522 0 8.8683 7.5516 0 10.407 10.95 0 2.0444 2.4668
5.1248 2.1961 0 6.2134 3.4106 0 7.4948 5.1629 0 8.9045 7.5678 0 10.453 10.974 0 2.0511 2.4701
5.1427 2.2004 0 6.236 3.4175 0 7.5235 5.1736 0 8.9408 7.5839 0 10.5 10.998 0 2.0578 2.4734
5.1607 2.2047 0 6.2586 3.4243 0 7.5522 5.1843 0 8.9771 7.6001 0 10.546 11.022 0 2.0645 2.4768
5.1786 2.2091 0 6.2812 3.4312 0 7.5809 5.195 0 9.0134 7.6162 0 10.592 11.047 0 2.0712 2.4801
5.1965 2.2134 0 6.3038 3.438 0 7.6096 5.2056 0 9.0497 7.6322 0 10.638 11.071 0 2.0779 2.4835
5.2144 2.2177 0 6.3264 3.4448 0 7.6383 5.2162 0 9.086 7.6482 0 10.684 11.095 0 2.0846 2.4868
5.2324 2.222 0 6.349 3.4517 0 7.667 5.2268 0 9.1224 7.6642 0 10.731 11.119 0 2.0913 2.4902
5.2503 2.2262 0 6.3716 3.4584 0 7.6957 5.2373 0 9.1588 7.6801 0 10.777 11.143 0 2.0979 2.4935
5.2683 2.2305 0 6.3942 3.4652 0 7.7245 5.2478 0 9.1952 7.696 0 10.823 11.167 0 2.1046 2.4969
5.2862 2.2348 0 6.4168 3.472 0 7.7532 5.2583 0 9.2316 7.7119 0 10.87 11.191 0 2.1113 2.5002
5.3041 2.239 0 6.4395 3.4787 0 7.782 5.2688 0 9.268 7.7277 0 10.916 11.214 0 2.118 2.5035
5.3221 2.2433 0 6.4621 3.4854 0 7.8107 5.2792 0 9.3045 7.7435 0 10.963 11.238 0 2.1247 2.5069
5.34 2.2475 0 6.4848 3.4921 0 7.8395 5.2896 0 9.3409 7.7592 0 11.009 11.262 0 2.1314 2.5102
5.358 2.2517 0 6.5074 3.4988 0 7.8683 5.3 0 9.3774 7.7749 0 11.056 11.285 0 2.1381 2.5136
5.3759 2.2559 0 6.5301 3.5055 0 7.8971 5.3104 0 9.4139 7.7906 0 11.102 11.309 0 2.1448 2.5169
5.3939 2.2601 0 6.5527 3.5121 0 7.9259 5.3207 0 9.4505 7.8062 0 11.149 11.332 0 2.1515 2.5203
5.4119 2.2643 0 6.5754 3.5187 0 7.9547 5.331 0 9.487 7.8218 0 11.195 11.356 0 2.1581 2.5236
5.4298 2.2684 0 6.5981 3.5254 0 7.9836 5.3413 0 9.5236 7.8374 0 11.242 11.379 0 2.1648 2.527
5.4478 2.2726 0 6.6208 3.532 0 8.0124 5.3516 0 9.5601 7.8529 0 11.289 11.403 0 2.1715 2.5303
5.4658 2.2767 0 6.6434 3.5385 0 8.0413 5.3618 0 9.5967 7.8684 0 11.335 11.426 0 2.1782 2.5336
5.4837 2.2809 0 6.6661 3.5451 0 8.0701 5.372 0 9.6334 7.8838 0 11.382 11.449 0 2.1849 2.537
5.5017 2.285 0 6.6888 3.5517 0 8.099 5.3822 0 9.67 7.8992 0 11.429 11.472 0 2.1916 2.5403
5.5197 2.2891 0 6.7115 3.5582 0 8.1279 5.3924 0 9.7066 7.9146 0 11.476 11.496 0 2.1983 2.5437
5.5377 2.2932 0 6.7342 3.5647 0 8.1568 5.4025 0 9.7433 7.9299 0 11.523 11.519 0 2.205 2.547
5.5557 2.2973 0 6.7569 3.5712 0 8.1857 5.4126 0 9.78 7.9452 0 11.569 11.542 0 2.2117 2.5504
5.5736 2.3014 0 6.7797 3.5777 0 8.2146 5.4227 0 9.8167 7.9605 0 11.616 11.565 0 2.2183 2.5537
5.5916 2.3055 0 6.8024 3.5842 0 8.2435 5.4328 0 9.8534 7.9757 0 11.663 11.588 0 2.225 2.5571
5.6096 2.3096 0 6.8251 3.5906 0 8.2724 5.4428 0 9.8901 7.9909 0 11.71 11.611 0 2.2317 2.5604
5.6276 2.3136 0 6.8478 3.597 0 8.3014 5.4528 0 9.9268 8.0061 0 11.757 11.633 0 2.2384 2.5637
5.6456 2.3177 0 6.8706 3.6035 0 8.3303 5.4628 0 9.9636 8.0212 0 11.804 11.656 0 2.2451 2.5671
5.6636 2.3217 0 6.8933 3.6099 0 8.3593 5.4728 0 10 8.0363 0 11.851 11.679 0 2.2518 2.5704
5.6816 2.3257 0 6.9161 3.6163 0 8.3882 5.4827 0 10.037 8.0513 0 11.898 11.702 0 2.2585 2.5738
5.6996 2.3297 0 6.9388 3.6226 0 8.4172 5.4926 0 10.074 8.0663 0 11.945 11.724 0 2.2652 2.5771
5.7176 2.3337 0 6.9616 3.629 0 8.4462 5.5025 0 10.111 8.0813 0 11.992 11.747 0 2.2719 2.5805
5.7356 2.3377 0 6.9843 3.6353 0 8.4752 5.5124 0 10.148 8.0962 0 12.039 11.769 0 2.2785 2.5838
5.7536 2.3417 0 7.0071 3.6417 0 8.5042 5.5222 0 10.185 8.1111 0 12.087 11.792 0 2.2852 2.5872
5.7716 2.3457 0 7.0299 3.648 0 8.5332 5.532 0 10.221 8.126 0 12.134 11.814 0 2.2919 2.5905
5.7897 2.3497 0 7.0526 3.6543 0 8.5622 5.5418 0 10.258 8.1408 0 12.181 11.836 0 2.2986 2.5938
5.8077 2.3536 0 7.0754 3.6605 0 8.5912 5.5516 0 10.295 8.1556 0 12.228 11.859 0 2.3053 2.5972
5.8257 2.3576 0 7.0982 3.6668 0 8.6202 5.5614 0 10.332 8.1704 0 12.275 11.881 0 2.312 2.6005
5.8437 2.3615 0 7.121 3.673 0 8.6493 5.5711 0 10.369 8.1851 0 12.323 11.903 0 2.3187 2.6039
5.8617 2.3654 0 7.1438 3.6793 0 8.6783 5.5808 0 10.406 8.1998 0 12.37 11.925 0 2.3254 2.6072
5.8798 2.3693 0 7.1666 3.6855 0 8.7074 5.5905 0 10.443 8.2145 0 12.417 11.947 0 2.3321 2.6106
5.8978 2.3732 0 7.1894 3.6917 0 8.7365 5.6001 0 10.48 8.2291 0 12.465 11.97 0 2.3387 2.6139
5.9158 2.3771 0 7.2122 3.6979 0 8.7655 5.6098 0 10.517 8.2437 0 12.512 11.992 0 2.3454 2.6173
5.9339 2.381 0 7.235 3.7041 0 8.7946 5.6194 0 10.554 8.2583 0 12.559 12.013 0 2.3521 2.6206
5.9519 2.3849 0 7.2578 3.7102 0 8.8237 5.629 0 10.591 8.2728 0 12.607 12.035 0 2.3588 2.6239
5.9699 2.3888 0 7.2806 3.7164 0 8.8528 5.6385 0 10.628 8.2873 0 12.654 12.057 0 2.3655 2.6273
5.988 2.3926 0 7.3034 3.7225 0 8.8819 5.6481 0 10.665 8.3017 0 12.702 12.079 0 2.3722 2.6306
6.006 2.3965 0 7.3263 3.7286 0 8.911 5.6576 0 10.702 8.3162 0 12.749 12.101 0 2.3789 2.634
6.0241 2.4003 0 7.3491 3.7347 0 8.9402 5.6671 0 10.739 8.3305 0 12.797 12.123 0 2.3856 2.6373
6.0421 2.4041 0 7.3719 3.7408 0 8.9693 5.6766 0 10.776 8.3449 0 12.844 12.144 0 2.3923 2.6407
6.0602 2.408 0 7.3948 3.7468 0 8.9984 5.686 0 10.813 8.3592 0 12.892 12.166 0 2.3989 2.644
6.0782 2.4118 0 7.4176 3.7529 0 9.0276 5.6954 0 10.85 8.3735 0 12.94 12.187 0 2.4056 2.6474
6.0963 2.4156 0 7.4405 3.7589 0 9.0567 5.7048 0 10.888 8.3878 0 12.987 12.209 0 2.4123 2.6507
6.1143 2.4194 0 7.4633 3.765 0 9.0859 5.7142 0 10.925 8.402 0 13.035 12.23 0 2.419 2.654
6.1324 2.4231 0 7.4862 3.771 0 9.1151 5.7236 0 10.962 8.4162 0 13.083 12.252 0 2.4257 2.6574
6.1504 2.4269 0 7.509 3.777 0 9.1442 5.7329 0 10.999 8.4303 0 13.13 12.273 0 2.4324 2.6607
6.1685 2.4307 0 7.5319 3.7829 0 9.1734 5.7422 0 11.036 8.4445 0 13.178 12.294 0 2.4391 2.6641
6.1865 2.4344 0 7.5548 3.7889 0 9.2026 5.7515 0 11.073 8.4586 0 13.226 12.316 0 2.4458 2.6674
6.2046 2.4382 0 7.5776 3.7949 0 9.2318 5.7608 0 11.111 8.4726 0 13.273 12.337 0 2.4525 2.6708
6.2227 2.4419 0 7.6005 3.8008 0 9.261 5.7701 0 11.148 8.4867 0 13.321 12.358 0 2.4591 2.6741
6.2407 2.4456 0 7.6234 3.8067 0 9.2902 5.7793 0 11.185 8.5007 0 13.369 12.379 0 2.4658 2.6775
6.2588 2.4494 0 7.6463 3.8126 0 9.3195 5.7885 0 11.222 8.5146 0 13.417 12.4 0 2.4725 2.6808
6.2769 2.4531 0 7.6692 3.8185 0 9.3487 5.7977 0 11.26 8.5285 0 13.465 12.421 0 2.4792 2.6841
6.295 2.4568 0 7.692 3.8244 0 9.3779 5.8069 0 11.297 8.5424 0 13.513 12.442 0 2.4859 2.6875
6.313 2.4605 0 7.7149 3.8303 0 9.4072 5.816 0 11.334 8.5563 0 13.56 12.463 0 2.4926 2.6908
6.3311 2.4641 0 7.7378 3.8361 0 9.4364 5.8251 0 11.371 8.5701 0 13.608 12.484 0 2.4993 2.6942
6.3492 2.4678 0 7.7607 3.842 0 9.4657 5.8342 0 11.409 8.584 0 13.656 12.505 0 2.506 2.6975
6.3673 2.4715 0 7.7837 3.8478 0 9.495 5.8433 0 11.446 8.5977 0 13.704 12.526 0 2.5127 2.7009
6.3854 2.4751 0 7.8066 3.8536 0 9.5242 5.8524 0 11.483 8.6115 0 13.752 12.547 0 2.5193 2.7042
6.4035 2.4788 0 7.8295 3.8594 0 9.5535 5.8614 0 11.521 8.6252 0 13.8 12.567 0 2.526 2.7076
6.4215 2.4824 0 7.8524 3.8652 0 9.5828 5.8704 0 11.558 8.6389 0 13.848 12.588 0 2.5327 2.7109
6.4396 2.486 0 7.8753 3.871 0 9.6121 5.8794 0 11.595 8.6525 0 13.896 12.609 0 2.5394 2.7142
6.4577 2.4897 0 7.8982 3.8767 0 9.6414 5.8884 0 11.633 8.6661 0 13.944 12.629 0 2.5461 2.7176
6.4758 2.4933 0 7.9212 3.8825 0 9.6707 5.8973 0 11.67 8.6797 0 13.992 12.65 0 2.5528 2.7209
6.4939 2.4969 0 7.9441 3.8882 0 9.7 5.9063 0 11.708 8.6933 0 14.041 12.67 0 2.5595 2.7243
6.512 2.5005 0 7.967 3.8939 0 9.7293 5.9152 0 11.745 8.7068 0 14.089 12.691 0 2.5662 2.7276
6.5301 2.5041 0 7.99 3.8996 0 9.7586 5.9241 0 11.783 8.7203 0 14.137 12.711 0 2.5729 2.731
6.5482 2.5076 0 8.0129 3.9053 0 9.788 5.9329 0 11.82 8.7337 0 14.185 12.731 0 2.5796 2.7343
6.5663 2.5112 0 8.0359 3.911 0 9.8173 5.9418 0 11.857 8.7472 0 14.233 12.752 0 2.5862 2.7377
6.5844 2.5148 0 8.0588 3.9166 0 9.8467 5.9506 0 11.895 8.7606 0 14.281 12.772 0 2.5929 2.741
6.6025 2.5183 0 8.0818 3.9223 0 9.876 5.9594 0 11.932 8.7739 0 14.33 12.792 0 2.5996 2.7443
6.6206 2.5219 0 8.1047 3.9279 0 9.9054 5.9682 0 11.97 8.7873 0 14.378 12.812 0 2.6063 2.7477
6.6387 2.5254 0 8.1277 3.9335 0 9.9347 5.977 0 12.007 8.8006 0 14.426 12.832 0 2.613 2.751
6.6569 2.5289 0 8.1506 3.9391 0 9.9641 5.9857 0 12.045 8.8139 0 14.474 12.852 0 2.6197 2.7544
6.675 2.5324 0 8.1736 3.9447 0 9.9935 5.9945 0 12.082 8.8271 0 14.523 12.873 0 2.6264 2.7577
6.6931 2.536 0 8.1966 3.9503 0 10.023 6.0032 0 12.12 8.8403 0 14.571 12.892 0 2.6331 2.7611
6.7112 2.5395 0 8.2196 3.9559 0 10.052 6.0119 0 12.157 8.8535 0 14.619 12.912 0 2.6398 2.7644
6.7293 2.543 0 8.2425 3.9614 0 10.082 6.0205 0 12.195 8.8667 0 14.668 12.932 0 2.6464 2.7678
6.7474 2.5464 0 8.2655 3.967 0 10.111 6.0292 0 12.233 8.8798 0 14.716 12.952 0 2.6531 2.7711
6.7656 2.5499 0 8.2885 3.9725 0 10.14 6.0378 0 12.27 8.8929 0 14.764 12.972 0 2.6598 2.7744
6.7837 2.5534 0 8.3115 3.978 0 10.17 6.0464 0 12.308 8.906 0 14.813 12.992 0 2.6665 2.7778
6.8018 2.5568 0 8.3345 3.9835 0 10.199 6.055 0 12.345 8.919 0 14.861 13.012 0 2.6732 2.7811
6.8199 2.5603 0 8.3575 3.989 0 10.229 6.0636 0 12.383 8.9321 0 14.91 13.031 0 2.6799 2.7845
6.8381 2.5637 0 8.3805 3.9945 0 10.258 6.0721 0 12.421 8.945 0 14.958 13.051 0 2.6866 2.7878
6.8562 2.5672 0 8.4035 4 0 10.288 6.0807 0 12.458 8.958 0 15.007 13.07 0 2.6933 2.7912
6.8743 2.5706 0 8.4265 4.0054 0 10.317 6.0892 0 12.496 8.9709 0 15.055 13.09 0 2.7 2.7945
6.8925 2.574 0 8.4495 4.0109 0 10.346 6.0977 0 12.533 8.9838 0 15.104 13.11 0 2.7066 2.7979
6.9106 2.5774 0 8.4725 4.0163 0 10.376 6.1061 0 12.571 8.9967 0 15.152 13.129 0 2.7133 2.8012
6.9287 2.5808 0 8.4955 4.0217 0 10.405 6.1146 0 12.609 9.0095 0 15.201 13.148 0 2.72 2.8045
6.9469 2.5842 0 8.5185 4.0271 0 10.435 6.123 0 12.646 9.0224 0 15.249 13.168 0 2.7267 2.8079
6.965 2.5876 0 8.5415 4.0325 0 10.464 6.1314 0 12.684 9.0351 0 15.298 13.187 0 2.7334 2.8112
6.9831 2.591 0 8.5645 4.0379 0 10.494 6.1398 0 12.722 9.0479 0 15.347 13.206 0 2.7401 2.8146
7.0013 2.5944 0 8.5876 4.0433 0 10.523 6.1482 0 12.76 9.0606 0 15.395 13.226 0 2.7468 2.8179
7.0194 2.5977 0 8.6106 4.0486 0 10.553 6.1566 0 12.797 9.0733 0 15.444 13.245 0 2.7535 2.8213
7.0376 2.6011 0 8.6336 4.054 0 10.582 6.1649 0 12.835 9.086 0 15.492 13.264 0 2.7602 2.8246
7.0557 2.6045 0 8.6566 4.0593 0 10.612 6.1732 0 12.873 9.0986 0 15.541 13.283 0 2.7668 2.828
7.0739 2.6078 0 8.6797 4.0646 0 10.641 6.1815 0 12.91 9.1113 0 15.59 13.302 0 2.7735 2.8313
7.092 2.6111 0 8.7027 4.0699 0 10.671 6.1898 0 12.948 9.1238 0 15.639 13.321 0 2.7802 2.8346
7.1102 2.6145 0 8.7257 4.0752 0 10.7 6.1981 0 12.986 9.1364 0 15.687 13.34 0 2.7869 2.838
7.1283 2.6178 0 8.7488 4.0805 0 10.73 6.2063 0 13.024 9.1489 0 15.736 13.359 0 2.7936 2.8413
7.1465 2.6211 0 8.7718 4.0858 0 10.759 6.2146 0 13.062 9.1614 0 15.785 13.378 0 2.8003 2.8447
7.1646 2.6244 0 8.7949 4.091 0 10.789 6.2228 0 13.099 9.1739 0 15.834 13.397 0 2.807 2.848
7.1828 2.6277 0 8.8179 4.0963 0 10.818 6.231 0 13.137 9.1864 0 15.882 13.416 0 2.8137 2.8514
7.2009 2.631 0 8.841 4.1015 0 10.848 6.2391 0 13.175 9.1988 0 15.931 13.435 0 2.8204 2.8547
7.2191 2.6343 0 8.864 4.1067 0 10.877 6.2473 0 13.213 9.2112 0 15.98 13.454 0 2.827 2.8581
7.2373 2.6375 0 8.8871 4.1119 0 10.907 6.2554 0 13.251 9.2235 0 16.029 13.472 0 2.8337 2.8614
7.2554 2.6408 0 8.9102 4.1171 0 10.937 6.2636 0 13.288 9.2359 0 16.078 13.491 0 2.8404 2.8647
7.2736 2.6441 0 8.9332 4.1223 0 10.966 6.2717 0 13.326 9.2482 0 16.126 13.51 0 2.8471 2.8681
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7.3099 2.6505 0 8.9794 4.1327 0 11.025 6.2878 0 13.402 9.2727 0 16.224 13.547 0 2.8605 2.8748
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7.4553 2.6762 0 9.164 4.1736 0 11.262 6.3517 0 13.705 9.3699 0 16.616 13.694 0 2.914 2.9015
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Giant Slayer
11.5 Trait Tier List
Hello! It's that time of the patch again for the trait tier list! As usual this is a breakdown of each synergy as to what makes it strong (or weak) in the current meta. This is not meant to taken literally in terms of power. Sure S Tier traits will be overall better than C tier but don't ignore synergies in the lower tiers simply because they are placed there. TFT is all about adaptation and playing flexibly so every synergy can be used well depending on the situation. With all that said let's go ahead and get to it.
S Tier
To begin with we have the synergies in the S Tier! This tier consists of Slayer, Daredevil, Keepers, Blacksmith and Vanguard! These synergies have a lot of influence on the current meta and are used consistently in most games.
Starting off our tier list we have Slayer! This should come at no surprise to anyone familiar with the current meta as every lobby is all about Slayers, Slayers and more Slayers. And this is for a good reason since the synergy has a lot of versatility. This is due mainly to the champions as you have multiple top tier carries with Olaf, Samira and Tryndamere. Even Zed is a potential carry, albeit far less common than the other three.
Honestly if there was ever a time to have a Tier above S it would be for this current meta as Slayer is a clear standout above all the other synergies.
Up next we have Daredevil! Daredevil is a natural companion to Slayer because, well, Samira is really good. There’s not really much else to this since a lot of what’s good about Samira has to do with the fact she’s a late game Slayer carry. The main downside to Samira, at least in comparison to Olaf and Tryndamere, is two starring her will be more difficult since she’s a five cost. But even at tier one she still does a ton of damage and can carry, as long as you have items for her.
The surprise of 11.5 is Keeper! Keeper shot up in popularity near the end of 11.4. This is due to a six Keeper composition that utilized the newly buffed Kennen along with having Xayah as the reliable carry. Of course this composition alone isn’t enough to warrant Keepers being in the S Tier but it has helped Keeper remain relevant in the late game where previously it struggled.
The other reasons for Keeper doing well, and deserving a spot in this tier, is due to their strength in the early and mid game. A Chosen Keeper can win-streak a board through stage two and Kennen in the mid game with Keepers can continue that streak. From there it’s an easy pivot into six Keepers. Basically at every stage of the game we’re seeing Keepers do well whereas previously it was mainly in the early game.
As usual we have Blacksmith in S Tier thanks to the relevancy of Ornn’s Artifacts. Ornn as a unit is alright given he has crowd control as a frontline unit but really when anyone is talking about Ornn it’s entirely about his artifacts. As far as which artifacts are better than others, well, Eternal Winter is a clear fan favorite and easily one of the best. At the end of the day it doesn't really matter what the strength is of each artifact as you don't really have any control over which ones you get. The only time you do is with an item reforge consumable, so if you get an Ornn artifact that doesn't work with your composition you can try to reroll it. Otherwise use what the game gives you and oftentimes that's going to be good enough.
And at the bottom of S Tier but still at the top of the meta in terms of frontline we have Vanguards! Vanguards, despite receiving nerfs, are still the best frontline champions you can have. They are hard to kill while providing a ton of crowd control between Sejuani, Aatrox and Ornn. And of course there is the Fabled/Vanguard/Mystic composition that relies heavily on Vanguard, specifically Nautilus. All in all if you ever need a strong frontline the easy option is going to be Vanguard.
A Tier
That’s it for S Tier so let’s move on to the synergies in A Tier! This tier consists of Dragonsoul, Executioner, Mage, Sharpshooter, Syphoner, Cultist, Assassin, Brawler and Mystic! These synergies are commonly used in top four compositions and are all around consistently useful.
At the top of A Tier is Dragonsoul! Dragonsoul fell off a bit in priority, mainly because Slayer has taken over the meta. Because of that you’re going to see less six Dragonsoul as the trait tends to get split between Olaf, Swain and Aurelion Sol in various different compositions. Still, it has a lot of relevance in the meta so it’s a top tier trait nonetheless.
It's worth noting that the breath attack of Dragonsoul is ridiculously good, especially the later the game goes as there's more likely to be high health targets. Early game though it's surprisingly good because of how prevalent early game Brawlers are, so having a Tristana with Dragonsoul, for example, is quite good.
Executioner has politely moved aside for the rise of Slayers as Kayle struggles to compete against the potential each Slayer carry has. Kayle is still an amazing carry, it’s just that you need a relatively high-roll board to compete with a lot of the Slayer compositions. Kayle aside, Xayah has risen in value given the popularity of the Keeper build so between both champions, Executioner remains a top tier trait.
Mage is surprisingly versatile in the current meta. Sure it relies heavily on Aurelion Sol as the main carry but there’s plenty of options in regards to other champions you can rely on that are Mages as well as what builds you can use the trait in. Most commonly there’s either seven Mages or Elderwood/Mage but there’s plenty of variations to both. But at the end of the day this trait is definitely carried by Aurelion Sol.
Sharpshooter is doing well in the meta thanks entirely to Sivir, and partially Samira. Samira doesn’t really need the trait to do well but it is a helpful trait to have for her. Sivir, on the other hand, is a viable late game carry if you three star her so having Sharpshooter is necessary. There’s also the potential to run Tristana 3 as a carry but it’s a relatively niche composition.
Syphoner is fantastic as a splash trait especially because both Morgana and Swain are strong frontline champions that can be tossed into most compositions. All in all it’s not a game changing trait but it pairs well with a lot of the current meta carries, plus Swain is one of the best five cost champions.
As far as the late game goes, Cultist is not particularly relevant. There is a variation of the Sivir composition that uses it but overall when you’re thinking about Cultist it’s for the early game and mid game once you hit six of the synergy. Six Cultist is easily one of strongest stage three boards that scales well into stage four. Players can use it to skip from level seven to eight for a quicker late game transition into a four cost carry. As mentioned you can stick with Sivir as Sivir 3 is great late game but you may want to consider moving away from Cultist later on in the game.
Assassin’s aren’t doing that well in the meta, but they are doing well enough to warrant a place in A tier. For the most part the trait is doing well because of Talon. During the early game it can struggle but if you ever find an early Akali then this trait gains a lot of versatility during the early game and well into the mid game.
Brawler barely holds onto relevance thanks mostly to the return of eight Brawler in the meta. This composition fell off after receiving several nerfs but after players used it effectively in recent tournaments we’ve seen this build be used more and more. It relies heavily on a strong mid game with Shyvana 2 and to do well in the late game it does require a bit of high-rolling to hit Shyvana 3 and Sett 2.
And the last trait in A Tier is Mystic! Mystic is a top tier splash trait, though how relevant it is depends a lot on the lobby. But even against Slayer it has been used since Slayer often uses champions like Swain or Morgana, along with traits like Dragonsoul.
B Tier
Let’s move onto the B Tier synergies! This tier consists of Fabled, Spirit, Duelist, Adept, Exile, Emperor, Warlord, Elderwood, Divine and The Boss! Overall these synergies are capable of doing well in the current meta but for the most part are just average at best.
Alright at the top of B Tier we have Fabled! Fabled is amazing when paired with Vanguard and Mystic and almost completely useless otherwise. There’s practically no other composition in the meta that utilizes Fabled besides Vanguard/Mystic. But given that the build is capable of doing well and counters certain meta compositions we can’t place Fabled too low in the tier list.
Spirit is still primarily used as a splash trait, though we are seeing four Spirit used alongside Sivir carry. This hasn’t fully developed yet in the meta so for the most part if you’re going to use Spirit, use it as a two piece splash trait.
Next is the staple of B Tier, Duelist! Duelist is not a terrible trait, especially with champions like Tryndamere doing well. The issue is that to play a Duelist composition you need to either high-roll or find a Spatula to use on Kayle. But they did buff Yasuo this patch so Duelist is once again a viable early game option to win streak with. If you do want to pursue a late game Duelist composition you need to spike in the mid game with six Duelist and Yasuo 3. From there you have to hit a quick level eight to try and find Lee Sin, maybe Kalista 3 and hope you're not out-scaled by Slayer compositions.
There’s an issue with Adept in the meta as a lot of the current carries really don’t care about the attack speed slow. Xayah is in the frontline so she’ll cast relatively quickly, Kayle often has Quicksilver and Olaf becomes unstoppable during his ultimate. So in terms of slowing down carries, Adept doesn’t do that good of a job. That said it’s still a useful splash trait, especially since you get a good frontliner with Shen and Yone has been continually buffed each patch.
Speaking of Yone, let’s talk about Exile! First, Yasuo was buffed so this trait is all around more useful during the early game. Second, as mentioned, Yone was buffed, again. The problem for Yone is that he does fall to the wayside a lot of the time in the late game compared to other five costs like Samira, Swain, Lee Sin and Zilean.
Emperor, or Azir, is an all around average champion. He has good crowd control and his sand guards are useful. The main reason we’re keeping Azir up in B Tier is because of how well Keepers are doing, otherwise the Emperor may have found himself in C tier.
Next we have the hardest to place trait, Warlord! Warlord can be incredibly strong with Katarina 3 but it can also fall flat and barely scrape into the top four. The ups and downs of this synergy makes it difficult to pin down in the meta. So we’re placing it slightly below average but keep in mind that it can be an above average trait depending on the situation.
Elderwood is on the struggle bus for sure since Mage doesn't rely entirely upon it anymore to do well. But with Xayah as a relevant carry and Elderwood/Mage still being played, this trait still has a place in the meta. We do recommend maybe aiming for more Brawlers than Elderwood, or seven Mages instead of Elderwood if you're looking for a mid game pivot.
Unfortunately there’s not much use for Divine in the meta outside of Kayle/Executioner compositions. But in regards to that build, it’s an essential piece to helping Kayle do well as a carry. Outside of that the only time Divine has much presence in the game is because of Lee Sin.
And the last trait in B Tier is once again The Boss! Essentially what the issue with Sett is, is consistency. There are times where he fits extremely well in a composition and can pop off and carry and there’s plenty of other times where it does barely anything at all. By no means is he a terrible unit but the fact he has moments where he’s entirely useless, as a five cost champion, is why we’re placing him so low on the tier list.
C Tier
And now we can move onto the last tier, C Tier! This tier consists of Ninja, Enlightened and Fortune! These synergies are useful in the right situation but have less of an impact on the meta than the tiers above them.
Up first for C Tier we have Ninja! All in all when you look at the Ninja champions, all of them are useful in the meta. Kennen is key to the success of Keepers, Akali can wreck the mid game as a carry and Shen always has use as a frontliner along with providing both Adept and Mystic. Zed is the only Ninja with a diminished presence in the meta but even then he’s still capable of being a carry if you three star him, plus he has inherent value with the Slayer trait.
The issue with Ninja is combining all four of them together is rarely worth pursuing. That’s not to say playing a four Ninja composition is bad or unplayable, just that it’s not consistent enough to do well the majority of the time.
Next we have Enlightened! Enlightened continues to be in a weird place, especially considering Talon is a playable carry in the current meta. Morgana is also quite valued and Janna is decent in the early game. The continued issue is that neither Talon nor Morgana really care about this trait. Morgana will cast plenty fast since she’s often in the frontline and Talon cares more about his items and having the Assassin trait.
There’s also a huge gap between the early game for Enlightened and late game as Janna is really the only relevant early game Enlightened. This means there’s no value to the trait during those parts of the game and only comes into play if someone is running Talon as a carry which is already relatively niche.
And the last trait to talk about today is Fortune! Look, Fortune is really good when the player is comfortable with losing and knows how to steer themselves out of a loss streak. If you look at the top level players in tournaments, quite a few of them use Fortune extremely well. But for the majority of players, Fortune is just a bait. Sure every once in a while someone will hit the big pay out and potentially win off of it but for every payout there’s likely dozens of players that lost because they didn’t get the payout.
So yeah, we recognize the potential in Fortune but it’s not a recommended trait for most players.
Alright that's the end of the trait tier list! Honestly even though Slayer is such a dominant part of the meta, there's still plenty of options if you want to play other synergies. I do look forward to seeing the 11.6 patch balance out the upper end of traits just a tiny bit though as we're pretty close to a really diverse meta where many different compositions and traits are able to go head to head with one another.
Thank you for reading and if you're looking for additional TFT content you can find it over on the GiantSlayerTFT YouTube here and the twitter here! And if you'd like to follow me you can find me on twitter here!
And as always I highly recommend as a great resource for all things TFT!
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Are you sure you want to delete this comment? | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9577189683914183}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '52883', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:B252V3UTOQX6WR6TAZVTKSS63I5BUZCH', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6323f871-c442-4a1b-878d-941ce9426b50>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 4, 20, 21, 52, 35), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.39.53.140', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:QXOMVYVHPMR6EV3WJQ62QV6INMFNIIHB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:45b7f575-8850-4424-85c4-f66ed6965da5>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://giantslayer.tv/blogs/2708203543/115-trait-tier-list/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3af79c78-21fb-45c2-b39a-b918151d3ca2>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '2777', 'url': 'https://giantslayer.tv/blogs/2708203543/115-trait-tier-list/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-17\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-40.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06805145740509033', 'original_id': '4456b82dabb7be4d94a76421294c66d9551156d85830d44ac5d1019991c9ff1f'} |
10 Forms Of Guys You Meet In Med class. Each and every time an ongoing celebration rolls around, he functions want it’s the prohibition age.
Recently I’ve experienced some big modifications; we split up with my boyfriend of 5 years and started my very first 12 months of medical college. Once I told my mother that individuals separated she stated, “Don’t worry you’ll find a great man in medical school.” I’ve dated a little and observed a complete great deal and here’s the caliber of man I’ve discovered:
The Fish
Each and every time celebration rolls around, he functions want it’s the prohibition age. As soon as the written publications are down, the container is always to their face. It is as though he never ever drank in university. For the length of the evening he gets therefore inebriated their buttons on their fresh pushed shirt slowly become unbuttoned (by him) and SnapChats start being delivered. The morning that is next wakes up with random scratches all over their human body and a wicked hangover without any recollection of what took place.
The Closet Slut
This person appears perfect at first glance. Every solitary hair on their mind is with in destination, he dresses super preppy, sophisticated look beaming from ear to ear, but once time turns to evening he could be regarding the prowl for cougars. He’s seeking unbridled, anonymous intercourse therefore avoid them, until you want the clap.
The “Too Cool for School” guy
I’ve understood that regardless of if you’re in elementary college or expert college there clearly was constantly one of these simple dudes. He functions like this kind of bro about life nevertheless when it comes down towards the publications he completely carries out without also attempting. It dudes, I don’t want to appear to pass through. as he makes an look in course most people are surprised because “Let’s face”
The Man Whom is OBSESSED Along With His Gf
Now I’m completely all if you are into the significant other, but could you two just relax? As he does elegance you along with his existence you can find a few situations feasible. If she actually isn’t right right right here he’s sulking about her because they’re combat. Him whipped if she is here he’s ducking out of parties early because she’s a fun sucker and has. Typically he’s not around on weekends because she’s got him scheduled from now until he graduates in 2017.
The Time-Waster
I am aware that there surely is one of these brilliant on the market in most social group, perhaps maybe perhaps not school that is just medical. He’s completely unsure of just just just just what he wishes. This person will ask you to answer away, and then state he can’t hang because he’s with some other person, and then ask you away a 2nd time simply to just take you to definitely coffee and not keep in touch with you once more. Don’t trouble. It isn’t meant to be if it doesn’t work out the first time chances are. He could be super sweet, a genuine gentleman. This person will sweet talk you, dine and wine you, shock you with intimate gestures…. but just hold your hand. After an extended day that is stressful of the glycolytic path you prefer him to review your physiology, therefore dating this person can be extremely discouraging.
My heart is out to those dudes, actually. These are typically super smart, only a little quirky and completely embarrassing in social circumstances so dating is difficult for them. It sort of goes similar to this: man views woman, man immediately falls in deep love with woman and pursues her whenever completely shmammered (either in person or via Twitter message), woman gets freaked down and either currently possesses boyfriend or pretends to enjoy a boyfriend, child gets heartbroken and sulks. This period repeats when every little while.
The intimate stress with this 1 could be cut with a blade. You certainly are both into one another and perhaps provided various circumstances may be prepared to plunge into things but also for some reason pretending that is you’re absolutely absolutely absolutely nothing there. Possibly if it wasn’t for the copious quantities of learning to be achieved the connection would now have progressed by. Until you then simply keep periodically exchanging flirty texts in the middle cram sessions and swapping playful glances when tipsy.
He’s got become “in the recognize” with EVERYTHING. This person is constantly asking questions regarding individuals, upgrading their Facebook web web web browser and keeps monitoring of everyone’s social/love life. Additionally as he does see any task on your own Facebook/Twitter the need is felt by him to comment about any of it.
We believe it is ugly whenever these dudes reveal their real colors. They have entangled with additional drama that is social girls do. This person is continually seeking to get as a battle (either physical or spoken) since they constantly feel just like they have been proper. Additionally they appear to be really judgmental about others and exactly how they lead their everyday lives, which gets early very quickly. They act like the woman in brazilcupid the relationship if they are pursuing someone.
Interestingly sufficient each one of these dudes had to appear great in writing in purchase to have into expert college. Therefore my concern is when could be the lacking website link? How come each of them have hang ups? Are they just so book smart that there’s no more space inside their minds for social etiquette with females? But obviously, the a whole lot larger concern listed here is… | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '2', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9627651572227478}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '78615', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:TZUPXHGTNARNPD7QVCCPE3PF4SDHAQF3', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fa410351-dd19-438c-a1f3-add06e97b461>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 21, 2, 49, 58), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.39.49.215', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:ISKITGYOJCANMRO23WJ6GQHV6O2457PB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:3136815b-3a62-430c-892e-dbefcb1c2c54>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://brujeriaparaenamorar.info/10-forms-of-guys-you-meet-in-med-class-each-and-2/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:eecdfeb3-2849-4eaf-8ed3-d5cc97842db7>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '940', 'url': 'https://brujeriaparaenamorar.info/10-forms-of-guys-you-meet-in-med-class-each-and-2/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-90.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02424752712249756', 'original_id': '37cab743b8f412486044135b439efd88f4db181cc6be5523732984d06fcd5ca0'} |
Take care when out in the sun
Frank Dunn
Frank Dunn
Heart of the Matter, by Dr Frank Dunn
I am sure George Gershwin did not have the West of Scotland in mind when he composed that classic melody.
This has not been our best summer, and hence relatively few of our local gentlemen have had their “taps aff”.
None the less, we must prepare for the odd sun drenched day in Scotland while many head for the warmer sunnier climes. I remember as a young man sustaining sun burn to my feet and though it was over a small area, I felt very unwell and fainted that evening in a restaurant. It makes me shudder to even think of it.
Much has been written about the degree of protection that sun lotions provide, and we now must assess their protection against both Ultraviolet(UV) A and B. A numerical rating reflects the degree of protection against UVB whereas the back of the tube provides a star rating on the protection against UVA. The main difference between UVA and UVB is that the longer UVA rays cause ageing of the skin, whereas the UVB burn the skin’s superficial layers. Both types predispose to cancer.
Classically it is the burning effect of UVB that is associated with melanoma, but there is mounting evidence that UVA may also have a role in this and other skin cancers. UVA can travel through glass and this is a factor which is infrequently emphasised. Studies have shown that office workers who work with one side of the face towards the window show more signs of ageing on that side.
There are some key messages, should you be fortunate enough to come across warmer sunnier weather this year. Hydration is important, particularly for those of us in the seventh decade and beyond. The combination of heat and dehydration will drop blood pressure. This can be accentuated in patients already on blood pressure lowering pills, including fluid removing tablets, and therefore particular caution is required.
Some drugs exhibit a property known as photosensitivity which increases the likelihood of sun burn. This can happen even in cloudy weather, and both high protection sun lotions and protective clothes, such as a brim hats are necessary. An example of this is a drug to control or prevent irregular heart rhythms, known as Amiodarone, but there are many others.
Some people have innately sensitive skins to sunlight. The most common locations include the “V” of the neck, the back of the hands, the outside surface of the arms and the lower legs. In rare cases, the skin reaction may be severe, producing hives or small blisters, that may even spread to skin in clothed areas. The best approach is prevention, by covering up all exposed skin, and applying high factor lotions.
The are quite a number of medical causes of photosensitivity.
Two examples are systemic lupus erythematosis(SLE) and a rare inherited disorder of iron metabolism known as porphyria. If you observe your skin becoming more sensitive to the sun, it is best to inform your doctor.
One other hazard of the good weather is using alcohol as a means of rehydration, and also to wash down our barbecued food.
There is nothing more enjoyable than a glass of Sauvignon Blanc outdoors. From bitter experience I have learned to go easy. I can only claim partial success. Fortunately for my liver, the balmy sunny evenings are few and far between! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '28', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9607646465301514}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '98395', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZVMUWOCABNEQXQS2Q73YQRAKKNGGC6RA', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:1c212ed7-4131-44b9-83e5-f001515f4cd7>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 20, 0, 55, 44), 'WARC-IP-Address': '69.28.187.247', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5IUJ34YUGFEZ3HT2A6SRALDJGUO2VTZU', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f7c004c2-1ad5-4d81-b7fc-d2da5cb81b7c>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.milngavieherald.co.uk/news/take-care-when-out-in-the-sun-1-3822629', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:58e347dd-fe58-4448-8af6-cacafef692bc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '575', 'url': 'https://www.milngavieherald.co.uk/news/take-care-when-out-in-the-sun-1-3822629', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-138-83-232.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03829902410507202', 'original_id': 'bea66b585714df2e1ad887ae6973ca3aae9f91ef2442952ae5d9e3f1602ec2f1'} |
Microsoft Streamlines Volume Licensing Programs
Microsoft Corp. continues to tweak its volume licensing programs to make it easier for business customers to purchase the company's software in bulk.
This week Microsoft said it was reducing the length of three of its volume-licensing agreements between 10 percent to 50 percent, changes that affect the Enterprise Agreement, Enterprise Subscription, Select License, Open Value, Open Value Subscription and Open License volume licensing agreements. Microsoft also has made it easier for customers to navigate license information and sign up online, the company said. The changes will be implemented in the course of its fiscal year 2008, which began July 1.
Microsoft has been amending different aspects of its volume licensing programs over the last several years in an effort to make them less complicated and expensive for customers. Volume licensing is how business customers buy Microsoft products. The company also faces pressure from changing industry dynamics where products are being licensed on a subscription basis rather than through complicated, long-term licenses. Microsoft is keeping up with some of these changes by increasingly offering business software as subscription-based services, but still has a history of complex product licensing to contend with.
Specifically, Microsoft said it will reduce the number of price points and SKUs for each of its volume licensing programs, which will simplify customers' search for specific product pricing. Currently, Microsoft has more than 8 million price points worldwide, which makes it confusing for customers to navigate through them. To reduce the number of price points, individual product SKUs with the same pricing will change to one term, called "Single Language," the company said.
For example, a product such as the SQL Server database has versions for different languages. If the product is only for one language, such as English, and is priced the same as other versions for other languages, the products now will be listed as "SQL Server Single Language" rather than with each language version listed individually, Microsoft said.
According to Microsoft, just doing this reduces price points in the Select program by 51 percent and the number of product SKUs by 72 percent. In the Open Value program, price points are reduced by 50 percent and SKUs by 51 percent, and in the Open License program, prices points are reduced by 32 percent and the number of SKUs by 33 percent, the company said.
Microsoft also has made some content changes to all of its volume licensing agreements to streamline the language used in them, as well as added a table of contents and summary titles to agreements to make them easier for customers to navigate.
In addition to the changes, Microsoft also is launching a Volume Licensing Service Center online that will help customers manage their volume licenses. The service center will provide downloads to software that customers are eligible to receive under their agreements, and also allow them to view and request Volume Licensing Product Keys for software in their agreements. Additionally, customers can calculate license statements on the Web site.
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New UI is extremely ugly compared to previous versions
6 commenti
• Splats
I second this, honestly, and agree with all these points. Just too round and eeugh, not a fan. If not revert at least give an option for old or new looks
• Cuttermesser
"Almost every social platform keeps updating to be rounder thinking it's "sleeker." It really isn't, it makes me feel like I'm in some weird, over-simplified, over-minimalist world."
Google has started with it and everyone else seems to think they have to join in, do the designers have no good taste anymore? I've been glad that discord has not exaggerated using the rounded edges and things yet and then the update came making me feel like I killing myself when I saw that. And what I do not understand most is that it bothers so few. It even started to feel like a conspiracy to me.
Please undo this!
• PianoThatEchos
I agree entirely, I actually ended up making a ticket about it because I thought it reverted to some older icons after I turned off hardware acceleration. The number badges for notifications even seem off sometimes, with the number not even being in the center of the red circle, making it look something like flash. The New Round Notif Badges | Old Square Notif Badges | The New Super Round Icons | Old Icons From A Server | The Old (And much better) Icons from a DM
• Kewlin
I can't be the only one who feels like the new animation applied to the icons when changing servers makes changing between servers take FOREVER, can I? It legit takes like an eighth of a second or something to change between servers now!
• ChrisNOR;;
Yes agreed. Change it back discord team, this is trying to fix what isn't broken, why on earth would you do that as a company.
• Shibbidibdub
I agree, I feel that the new round notification icon blends in too easily with the server icon. Also the white half tab that shows up next to the server icon when mousing over absolutely drives me bonkers. I keep thinking that a server has unread messages as I am scrolling through the server list
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