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Simple TTS for Visual Basic (SAPI 5.3)
Speech API 5.3
Microsoft Speech API 5.3
Simple TTS for Visual Basic
Simple TTS is an elementary application showcasing text-to-speech (TTS). The application speaks the text in the text box using a default voice. Simple TTS can also save the speech to a wav file.
Simple TTS has two options: Speak the text (Speak It) or save the speech to a file (Save to wav).
Speak It
Click Speak It to hear the text in the text box spoken. You can change the voice using Speech properties in Control Panel. You can change or edit the text allowing different words or phrases to be spoken, although the text reverts to a default phrase each time you open the application.
Save to wav
Select Save to wav to save the output to a wav file. This way, the text will not be spoken audibly. After selecting Speak It, a dialog box appears requesting a file name and location to save the file. Double-click the wav file to play it back. As a wav file, it may also be used for other speech purposes such as an input source for either off-line dictation or custom engine voices.
Click the close box in the title bar to exit Simple TTS.
Simple TTS is a standard Visual Basic application and does not require special support. However, the Speech reference must be active; see Creating a Speech-Enabled Visual Basic Project in Using the Visual Basic Code Examples for details to speech enable Visual Basic applications. Additionally, the samples are installed as Locked files. To modify them, they must be unlocked. To unlock, right-click the file or files, select Properties, and clear the Read-Only check box.
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\section{Locally Euclidean Space is Locally Compact}
Tags: Manifolds
\begin{theorem}
Let $M$ be a locally Euclidean space of some dimension $d$.
Then $M$ is locally compact.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
Let $m \in M$ be arbitrary.
By definition of locally Euclidean space, there exists an open neighborhood $U$ of $m$, homeomorphic to an open subset of $\R^d$.
By the definition of an open set, there is some open ball:
:$B = \map {B_\delta} {\map \phi m} = \set {x \in \R^d: \size {x - \map \phi m} < \delta}$
of radius $\delta$ containing $\map \phi m$, contained in $U$.
By Closure of Open Ball in Metric Space and Topological Closure is Closed, the set:
:$C = \set {x \in \R^d: \size {x - \map \phi m} \le \dfrac \delta 2}$
is closed, and $C \subseteq B \subseteq U$.
Moreover, $C$ is trivially bounded, hence compact by the Heine-Borel Theorem.
Now if $\phi$ is a homeomorphism $U \to \R^d$, then by definition $\phi^{-1}$ is continuous.
Therefore by Continuous Image of Compact Space is Compact, $\phi^{-1} \sqbrk C \subseteq M$ is compact.
Furthermore $m \in \phi^{-1} \sqbrk C$ because $\map \phi m \in C$.
Thus every point of $M$ has a compact neighborhood.
{{Qed}}
{{explain|Clarification is needed as to why this result should be categorised in :Category:Manifolds.}}
Category:Manifolds
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': '420b261ec1a5b91bf0b2cdcfd3305af2a86dff1fae520f7b10f49bf074fe19a9'} |
The resemblances and difference between fairy stories and other sorts of actually works
Fairy stories, even though their fictional plan, are extremely convenient. In fact, the ideas a part of them tolerate a definite wisdom that might be carried out in daily life. But a fairy story is not actually also known as any story, wherein there may be stories. Allow us to dwell in this particular in greater detail and learn how numerous tales are different from other actually works.
Fairy story to be a style of music: its properties
By its organization, the story identifies is most effective associated with the epic the natural world. It will always be expressed in any prosaic variety. All of the stories, according to who wrote them, are put into two general groups.
1. The number one of these does include folklore stories, which came out principal. It is always virtually impossible to see authorship for these tales. Of course, they are really put together not by a particular human being, but by a people young and old, if your narrators insert things that belongs to them at the single already for sale.kibin essay
2. Within a moment group of people they can be literary tales. Their freelance writer is well known. Literary stories are set-prepared works best, precisely where readers are unable to make any differences.
Comparison of fairy tale to other kinds of really works
Fairy tales, contrasting various other creations, are characterized by simplicity of exposition including some naivety, as many of them are prepared for children. Straightness around the plan and easy narration help make the fairy story as reachable as is feasible to realizing. Every single thing listed here will be based upon actions. In your fairy tale you will not come across absolutely serious philosophical reflections and psychological wondering about heroes.
The well-defined difference between fairy tales and various other gets results is considered the triumph of great. Regardless of the highs and lows of the famous actors, the enemies are always conquered, and anything and everything comes to an end correctly. In other is most effective, for example, in dramas and tragedies, things are all much less confident.
In fairy stories have evident morality. Every single these sorts of narrative is really a defined course. Properly tracked the idea that goodness, diligence, modesty are compensated, and cunning and satanic obtain what we have earned. Morality may be deliver, as an example ,, also from the fable. But there the final result is not always thriving.
Do you know the difference between fairy tales or other jobs, if you concentrate on the heroes on their own? The real difference is this : in fairy stories are unambiguous. A unique individuality can often be frequently just terrible, or especially superior. Also, frequently the exact hero is there in a variety of tales, preserving their own unique traits, during other genres the people are connected just with their deliver the results.
Differentiation of fairy story and comic
The fairy tale explains: the leading ways of the photo in this is basically the expression. Oral explanation of this activities of fairy-story heroes, story manner of speech, intonational sound of speech, impacting the listener’s thoughts develop the mental-figurative thought of article content.
From the animation, the expression is simply the semantic track record products is happening on screen. Conversation personas or commentary behind the curtain produce an auxiliary job: they clarify and increase the posts, which is certainly comprehensible with the viewer. In moving along images, copying a real motions, he views the things they are going to do and in what ways the heroes designed by the animator performer respond.
In puppet computer animated movies, dolls are used as an alternative for photographs, in computing device images – significant systems that allow producing a a trio of-dimensional image of transporting materials.
Cartoons are filmed not merely on motives of folk or author’s fairy tales. Quite often these are generally made with primary tales, corresponding within the visible choices and dynamics of such a variety of movie theater artwork.
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The flow of email headed your way never abates, and you need a robust and easy-to-use Windows 10 app to help you manage it all. The Mail app that comes with Windows 10 is more than enough for a lot of people, but there are hundreds of other email apps vying for your attention. To help you decide which is best suited for you, we rounded up a bunch of the best out there that work with Windows 10.
Free email
Thunderbird is a free, open-source email client from Mozilla, most famous for its Firefox web browser. It's full of features that make it easy to navigate and use, and there are a ton of add-ons available for specialized needs. At its core, you're getting a powerful mail tool with a tab system, built-in web search bar, smart folders, real-time contact chat, one-click address book, and more. There are likewise some interesting security and privacy features, like phishing and junk-mail filters. Give it a try for free, and if you like it, you can keep using it without paying anything, though donations are always appreciated.
Free at Thunderbird
Part of Office 365
Although Outlook comes bundled in most Office 365 plans, it can also be purchased separately. Outlook supports practically every email service, allowing you to keep track of all your addresses in one spot. Along with calendar and task integration, Outlook has a load of adjustable inbox rules to help keep you in the know. Set notification sounds when a specific person sends a message containing specified keywords, or automatically move an email to a folder when it comes from a certain address — perfect for keeping work email separate from personal email. Yes, there are a ton of tools available in Outlook, and they can be a bit daunting for beginners. Thankfully, Outlook has been redesigned in the past few years to not shove everything in your face right away.
$130 at Microsoft
Lightweight client
Mailbird is a lightweight client that won't bog down your PC, but it can be fully customized to have it look exactly how you want. You can sync all of your accounts into one manageable inbox, and you can create your own quick replies, drag and drop attachments, and even search for messages just by clicking a user's profile picture. You can look up a LinkedIn profile with one click, integrate all of your favorite apps, including Twitter, WhatsApp, Dropbox, and Facebook, and take advantage of round-the-clock support in case anything goes wrong. A free version is available, as well as monthly or lifetime subscriptions.
From $9 at Mailbird
Lots of customization
eM Client
With plenty of customization options — including those for behavior and appearance — and support for email services like Gmail, Outlook, iCloud, and Exchange, you can easily make it feel like you've been using eM Client for years. Importing old messages from other services is about as easy as possible thanks to an intuitive UI, and a specialized sidebar shows message and attachment history, as well as an agenda that contains any important dates with a certain contact. A recent update added PGP encryption support for anyone who needs to send encrypted emails, plus live backup will now run while you continue working within the app. A free version without all features is available, though the Pro version is a one-time buy.
$50 at eM Client
Open-source and free
Zimbra Desktop
If you're a fan of free, open-source email clients, Zimbra Desktop might be just what you're looking for. It's been around for quite awhile and has seen some major changes, but it remains one of the best. It supports multiple email services, it can be used without an internet connection, and it works cross-platform on Windows 10, macOS, and Linux. Take advantage of a tabbed layout for easier organization, with tools like calendar, contacts, tasks, and briefcase to keep you on the ball throughout the day. You can even build your own add-ons (called Zimlets), or choose from a collection of existing options.
Free at Zimbra
Simple user interface
Claws Mail
Veteran Windows users will be immediately reminded of the old days when they see the Claws Mail user interface. Don't let its simplicity fool you; this is an able app geared toward advanced users who don't mind setting things up on their own. Yes, you can add an unlimited amount of email accounts, but you have to do it yourself — there's no easy-import button or wizard. Claws Mail has an active bug tracker that ensures any problems encountered are quickly fixed, and the app itself is updated regularly. This is a perfect app for PCs that have seen better days, as it uses a minimum amount of memory and processing power. The tradeoff is that there is no HTML support and it lacks some of the advanced connectivity features of apps like Outlook. There are, however, several included plugins, like SpamAssassin, that give you a helping hand. If you don't mind setting things up on your own, and you're looking for an email app that isn't a system hog, check out Claws Mail — the retro vibe (and everything else) is completely free.
Free at Claws
Take control of your email flow
If you're struggling to handle your flow of email in your current app, any of these options will surely help. As far as free options go, Thunderbird is an outstanding open-source app full of features that many can't leave behind. As for a paid app, Outlook has been treating us well for years and considering it can be a part of Office 365 (which also includes the other Office apps and 1 TB of OneDrive storage), it's quite an enticing deal.
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Home of the Whopper.
• If you could bring one dead person back to life, who would it be?: Jesus. Hilarity would ensue!
• What helps you sleep?: Sex
• What keeps you up at night?: Sex
• Presse or Pichet
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Mar 27 Mike commented on Reinforce Your Passwords, People.
rubus @17: Unless they have that list of hashes that accompanies a list of account names. Say, from having hacked into your bank. Or Amazon. Or whoever. These sorts of password losses happen all the time. It's not clear how often it happens and goes unreported, but the sheer volume of reported incidents should make you want to have a secure password. If your bank loses your login name and password hash, the only thing standing between your bank account and the crackers who got your information is the strength of your password. 'wisebit subur will' is going to keep your cash a damn sight safer than 'c00k13'
Mar 27 Mike commented on Reinforce Your Passwords, People.
bitwise @2:
Right now I use 15 character unique random alphanumeric passwords for everything, but what happens in 10 years when processors are powerful enough to brute force 15 character hashes? Do we start using 25 character hashes instead? Why is moving this increasingly infeasible line the correct solution when we should be investigating methods of authentication that do not require users to memorize long random strings?
Because increasing password length exponentially increases the amount of time it takes to crack it, while processor speed increases are linear. A 15 character passphrase that isn't a common phrase taken from a book or otherwise predictable (your kid's full name, for instance) is very secure, even more so if you mix case, add numbers, add symbols, or otherwise increase the number of guesses required for each character in the phrase.
Using zxcvbn as an estimator (one of the better strength estimators available): cracking a 14 character, all lowercase password like 'port star cows' through brute force takes something on the order of 10 years when working back from the hash. Capitalizing each word or adding a comma or a number takes the time to centuries. Part of this depends on the hashing algorithm used to create the password hashes - some are quicker to crack than others, and many companies still foolishly use those ones.
On the other hand, Will's example @1, 'c00k13', takes less than a fifth of a second, in part because it's an example of a technique that crackers like Hashcat explicitly check for - leetspeak replacement. What's more, his reply @10 is equally silly. Translating an obscure word from a foreign language into another language just gets you another, perhaps less-obscure, perhaps shorter word in a different foreign language, not more security. If you took "forest" and translated it into French, then German, then Spanish, and back into English, you (ideally) get 'forest' back and the password cracker doesn't need to know that you spent some time with Google Translate before entering 'forest.' And if you left it in German, you'd have 'wald,' which is a) not harder to guess because you started with 'forest' and b) much shorter than 'forest' and computationally much easier to crack. And finally, the dictionaries that password crackers use aren't the Oxford English Dictionary, they're collections of passwords that people have used in the past, which is a very different thing, and means that his 'pierogie3' suggestion is potentially extremely common, since people all over the world use computers, passwords, and the internet.
That's the point of the xkcd comic - length trumps complexity. Most password cracking these days is done working back from the hash using brute force, so increasing the number of guesses required is the way to go.
To illustrate the numbers: the search space for a password of one character that only accepts lowercase alphabetic characters is 26. So the maximum guesses required for a computer are 26. If the password is 2 characters long, the maximum guesses required is 702 (26*26 for a 2 character password, + 26 for a possible 1 character password - the cracker doesn't know the length of the password). If the password is 3 characters, it's 18,300. For 4 character,s it's 475,254. At 10 characters it's more than 146 trillion guesses. That's actually not huge - it only takes about 10 hours to crack that password using a moderately powerful setup. But when you get to 15 characters, it takes 555 years. If you're really worried, bitwise, add another character. That jumps you to 144 centuries. And that's with only lowercase characters. Source: Gibson.
For most people, a tool like LastPass is a great way to ensure that you're secure. It means that no single security breach renders any of your other sites vulnerable, and it lets you generate passwords that aren't vulnerable to brute force approaches.
Mar 26 Mike commented on T-Mobile Ditches Phone Contracts Altogether.
I'm on T-Mobile's prepaid plan that costs $30/mo for 100 minutes of talk and unlimited text and data. I bought my phone straight from Google, so it's unlocked and I can take it to sprint or an MVNO if I want. 100 minutes of talk per month isn't quite enough for me, so I use Talkatone to place all my calls as VOIP calls using my unlimited data instead of my meager talk allowance. And since I'm on a prepaid plan with no contract, I can stop any time I find a better deal.
T-Mo is not perfect - their coverage isn't good outside of urban areas and isn't Verizon-level even in cities, and their service isn't great. But at no other major provider can you get a $30/mo plan like I have, and most MVNOs have restrictions that I don't like, so I'm sticking with T-Mo for now.
Feb 23 Mike commented on Google Glass Could Be for Sale By the End of This Year.
Yes, Fnarf, we've met. And you seemed pleasant, knowledgeable, polite and impolite in entertaining proportions, and well worth hanging out with. It was at a Questionland meetup, which is perhaps not coincidental, because Questionland was really the medium where those characteristics were best rewarded. It's convenient that you mention your status there, which was well earned. On Slog, however, I've much more often found you to be hateful, still knowledgeable but in an insufferably smug way, often condescending even when not addressing Will, possessed of a faith in your own correctness that I typically associate with blowhards and zealots, and with a seemingly unquenchable desire to render yourself indistinguishable from Will by tussling with him as often as you can stomach. You also respond poorly to disagreement and seem incapable of agreeing to disagree, which I realize is probably somewhere near the root of your furious loathing of Will, who is congenitally incapable of agreeing with anybody on anything other than his own merits.
For what it's worth, I've met Will, too, and I agree 100% with your assessments of him. I would choose a repeat of my single in-person experience with you a thousand times before considering a repeat of even ten seconds of any of my unfortunately many in-person experiences with Will. But my agreement with you, and my having met you and enjoyed your company, doesn't alter my assessment of your conduct here. Even on questions like the probably year-old discussion of porn watching in libraries, where it's not hard to see the merits of both sides of the argument, you angrily, condescendingly advanced your own opinion as the only reasonable choice. I recall another instance (although unfortunately not the topic - the behavior was what stands out) where you turned angrily on Matt from Denver for the crime of taking a position that differed from yours, and you expressed stunned surprise that somebody who you had found so agreeable was capable of disagreeing with you, and then you vented your spleen all over him while he remained resolutely polite. Yeesh, come on.
What have you ever done to me, Fnarf? Nothing. But what you've done to your public persona here is pretty ugly. You clearly can be a contributor of great merit, but you're not our pope, and nobody owes you agreement. Nobody, with the possible exception of you, needs to be saved from Will's online presence. I was once asked if either you or Will could exist without the other, and my sad answer was that I'm not sure. That really blows. I wish I had remembered Questionland, because that place was pretty excellent proof that you're almost unimaginably better without Will around, but Questionland is gone and Slog is still around.
Feb 22 Mike commented on Google Glass Could Be for Sale By the End of This Year.
People still take Fnarf seriously? Folks, his chief intellectual nemesis is Will in Seattle. He spends 95% of his time on Slog beating up the tiniest midget there is. This is not a titan of cutting edge thought, this is a guy with problems picking on a guy with even more problems. He is one degree less ridiculous than Will. Ignore them both.
Dec 22, 2012 Mike commented on Responsible Gun Owner: Twenty Dead Children a "Drop In the Ocean".
If the FBI knocks on your door who will stand up for you? You? With what? Truth?
So in your world, when the FBI knocks at your door, you answers alone, with guns blazing?
Truth isn't a bulletproof vest
Neither is a gun.
and it certainly wont stop a bulldozer.
Believe it or not, this is the first time I've considered the old "guns vs. bulldozers" problem, but I suspect truth has stopped more bulldozers than guns have.
Peacefully protest, great, but for how long?
So your problem with peaceful protest is that you get tired of it eventually? How does a gun help with that? Or do you just see peaceful protest as an inconvenient waiting period before you get to shoot at bulldozers with a feeling of justification?
But to turn your construct around: what do you think has done a better job of safeguarding liberty? A free press, or the right to bear arms? If you think it's the right to bear arms, then maybe you can illustrate for us how liberty somehow still remains in the many countries that don't provide a right to bear arms.
Nov 21, 2012 Mike commented on Boy Nerds Are Still Trying to Tell Girl Nerds That They're Not Real Nerds.
Young nerds find solace in community. Because it's their refuge from scorn and rejection, they can become fiercely protective of that community. When they see people who they identify as part of the communities that scorned and rejected them co-opting the things that they like, they react poorly. Is that smart? No. Is it sad? Yes. Is there irony in them rejecting people who aren't good enough to fit in to their idea of their community? Sure. It's both understandable and lamentable.
Nov 14, 2012 Mike commented on Woman Dies After Being Denied an Abortion.
Matt, there's a firefox extension floating around someplace that collapses the comments of people you choose. Somebody made it a couple of years back so they could tune out the Will & Fnarf circus. You could download it, install it, and just add people who feed trolls so you don't have to sit through one side of a conversation with a mental deficient. Just a thought I've entertained on occasion (but haven't yet acted on - I usually just stop reading the comments after the second instance).
Nov 13, 2012 Mike commented on Atlas Shrugged Fan Fantasizes About an Election-Day McDonald's Showdown with the Takers.
It's blowhardy enough, but not nearly windbaggy enough for a Randian monologue.
Nov 8, 2012 Mike commented on Hey Seattle Times...? How'd That Political Advertising Experiment Work Out for You?.
Nothing like a little confirmation bias to start the day.
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TITLE: Social Media under the Skin: Facebook Use after Acute Stress Impairs Cortisol Recovery
ABSTRACT:
Social media's influence on stress remains largely unknown. Conflicting research suggests that Facebook use may both enhance and undermine psychosocial constructs related to well-being. Using novel experimental methods, this study examined the impact of social media use on stress recovery. Facebook users (n = 92, 49 males, mean age 19.55 SD = 1.63) were randomly assigned to use their own Facebook profile or quietly read after experiencing an acute social stressor. All participants showed significant changes in subjective and physiological stress markers during recovery. Participants who used Facebook experienced greater sustained cortisol concentration (p < 0.05) when controlling for gender and emotional investment in the website compared to controls. Results suggest that social media use may delay or impair recovery after experiencing an acute social stressor. This novel study incorporated objective physiological markers with subjective psychosocial measures to show that Facebook use may negatively impact well-being.
BODY.INTRODUCTION:
To date, Facebook remains the most popular social networking site, with over 1 billion worldwide users (Facebook Company Information, 2016) and 71% of online U.S. adults naming it as their preferred platform (Duggan et al., 2015). Use of the site remains as varied as it does popular. Approximately 44% of U.S. adults now report receiving their news from Facebook (Gottfried and Shearer, 2016), while research has also found that the site serves a starkly contrasted, but still valuable, utility in coping with campus violence (Vicary and Fraley, 2010). Several studies have examined potential associations between Facebook use and outcomes related to psychosocial well-being, many of which have provided mixed and sometimes conflicting results. For example, use has been associated with increased self-esteem (Best et al., 2014), general well-being (Kim and Lee, 2011), enhanced social support (Bender et al., 2011; Liu and Yu, 2013; Troncone et al., 2015), and overall life satisfaction (Valenzuela et al., 2009; Nabi et al., 2013); just as well as with greater distress (Chen and Lee, 2013), induction of negative social comparison (Chou and Edge, 2012), and declines in subjective well-being (Kross et al., 2013; Verduyn et al., 2015). One of the first studies to examine Facebook use and health found an association between online social integration and reduced mortality rate (Hobbs et al., 2016); however, underlying mechanisms were not explored. Research has also shown that gender may play an important role in how Facebook influences well-being. Not only are females more likely to use Facebook (Anderson, 2015), they may be more susceptible to feeling threatened by specific information displayed on the site (e.g., McAndrew and Shah, 2013). The link between Facebook use and stress receives substantial public attention, and is often touted as a causal relationship (e.g., Heid, 2017). However, this relationship has not been experimentally investigated. To date, one of the few studies to objectively measure stress in relation to Facebook use found that adolescents with larger Facebook networks showed greater cortisol release compared to those who spent less time interacting with Facebook peers (Morin-Major et al., 2016). As an objective marker of the body's physiological stress response (Granger et al., 1999, 2007; Hellhammer et al., 2009; Nater and Rohleder, 2009; Birkett, 2011), cortisol can expand our understanding of the impact of Facebook use on stress. While many studies have focused on mechanisms that may buffer acute laboratory stress (e.g., Creswell et al., 2005; Arch et al., 2014; Inagaki and Eisenberger, 2016), fewer have looked at what may promote physiological recovery. Considering both the negative consequences of stress (e.g., Herbert and Cohen, 1994) and the widespread adoption of Facebook and its abundant presence in the daily lives of many, we aimed to test if social media can truly get under the skin by influencing recovery from stress. We hypothesized that should social media delay physiological and psychosocial stress recovery, participants who used Facebook immediately following an acute social stressor would show elevated and sustained salivary cortisol output, as well as subjective stress. We also explored if users highly invested in Facebook may differ in recovery, and if this effect may relate to gender.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.PARTICIPANTS:
Facebook users (n = 112 undergraduates) were recruited from a campus-wide participant pool system. All participants had an active Facebook account and were given course credit in exchange for participation. Self-reported medical diagnoses (e.g., anxiety, PTSD) and use of substances known to influence HPA-axis activity (e.g., steroids, hormonal contraceptives) were considered as exclusion criteria. This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of Expedited Review, The University of California, Merced Institutional Review Board, with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the University of California, Merced Institutional Review Board. All data collection complied with current APA ethical standards.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.STRESS INDUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES:
The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST; Kirschbaum et al., 1993) has been shown to reliably induce acute stress in the majority of participants in numerous studies (Birkett, 2011). Specifically, it is known to induce a threat to social esteem and reliably induces an increase in cortisol and in negative self-related cognitions and emotions (Dickerson and Kemeny, 2004; Dickerson et al., 2004). In the current study, ~20 min after arriving in the lab, participants were instructed to spend 5 min preparing a speech that could be used in an interview for their ideal job. They then spent 5 min performing the speech in front of a disapproving committee of three presumed experts in a small laboratory room. Participants then counted backward from 1,687 by intervals of 13 for 3 min. When mistakes were made, participants were told to begin again. To further induce stress, participants were video and audio recorded during the speech and math tasks. In addition, committee members wore white lab coats and carried clipboards to enhance the illusion of being experts. The committee always consisted of mixed-gender, undergraduate members (i.e., two males and one female, or two females and one male) who were present in the laboratory room only for the duration of the stress task.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.STRESS INDUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES.SALIVA SAMPLES:
To control for natural cortisol fluctuations during the day (Kirschbaum and Hellhammer, 1989; Schultheiss and Stanton, 2009), all data were collected between 1:00 and 5:00 p.m. (i.e., each participant arrived for their 90-min laboratory session at either 1:00 or 3:00 p.m.). To ensure quality of saliva samples and to avoid temporary elevation of cortisol levels (Schultheiss and Stanton, 2009), participants were instructed to refrain from eating, smoking, consuming caffeine, drinking beverages other than water, brushing their teeth, or vigorously exercising in the 30 min before arriving for the study1. All samples were collected using salivette collection tubes (Sarstedt Co., Nümbretch, Germany). Participants placed a cotton roll under their tongue for 2 min of collection. To account for the natural fluctuation of cortisol in reaction to acute stress (Engert et al., 2011), saliva was collected at baseline, and at 8, 20, and 45 min post-stressor onset. Cortisol samples were immediately frozen and immunoassayed on site at a later date. All samples were placed in a –20°C freezer. Thawed samples were centrifuged and assayed in duplicate with a test volume of 25 μL. A commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit was used without modifications to the manufacturer's recommended protocol (Salimetrics, State College, PA). Sensitivity ranged from 0.007 to 3.0 μg/dL. Intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation were less than 15%.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.STRESS INDUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES.BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE:
Blood pressure and heart rate were simultaneously measured with an Omron 10 Series digital blood pressure monitor cuff placed around the non-dominant upper arm at baseline, 8, 20, and 45 min post-stressor onset.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.PSYCHOSOCIAL MEASURES.FACEBOOK USE:
The Facebook Intensity Scale (FBI) measures emotional connectedness to the site and integration of site use into the lives of users (Ellison et al., 2007). The 9-item scale asks participants to rate statements such as, "Facebook has become part of my daily routine," on a five-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The scale also measures number of Facebook friends as well as average daily time spent actively using Facebook over the past week. Intensity score is computed by averaging all items in the scale, with higher scores indicating higher intensity. Scale validity has not been established; however, the current sample showed moderate reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.77). The Facebook Activity Survey (Junco, 2012) measures frequency of specific activities within Facebook. Examples include frequency of posting status updates, sharing links, and sending private messages on a scale of 1 (never) to 5 (very frequently, 100% of the time). All participants reported their normal Facebook use habits at baseline. Experimental participants completed an adapted version of the survey regarding their specific use of the site during 30 min of recovery. In both cases, frequency of each activity was averaged across participants with higher scores indicating more frequent activity. Participants were also asked which method they most commonly used to access Facebook (i.e., mobile app, website from a computer, or both). In addition, participants in the Facebook use condition were asked how using Facebook for 30 min in one sitting compared to their normal use (i.e., they normally use it less, the same, or more), if they did anything during these 30 min that they normally would not do, and if so, what they did. All questionnaire items assessing Facebook use and stress were asked during follow-up (i.e., after participants had undergone both the acute stressor and used Facebook if they were in the experimental condition). This was done in effort not to bias participants toward the study's true purpose. Participants identified under which state they were most likely to use Facebook (lonely, bored, stressed, sad, or anxious) by rating their agreement on a 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) scale for the item, "I find myself wanting to use Facebook most when feeling X" for each state. In addition, participants responded to the following statement: "Please rate how stressed using Facebook makes you feel in general," on a five-point scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely). Participants also rated the following statements on five-point scales ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree): (1) "In general, I like to use Facebook when I am stressed," (2) "In general, using Facebook when I am stressed makes me feel less stressed," and (3) "In general, using Facebook when I am stressed makes me feel more stressed." Participants in the Facebook use condition were asked to select which statement they agreed with most after using Facebook for 30 min: (1) "Using Facebook made me feel less stressed," (2) "Using Facebook made me feel more stressed," or (3) "Using Facebook did not change my stress level."
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.PSYCHOSOCIAL MEASURES.MOOD:
The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988) measured change in mood from baseline to follow-up. The 20-item scale consists of words describing 10 negative emotions and 10 positive emotions. Participants indicated on a scale of 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely) how they felt in the present moment for each emotion. Higher scores for each emotion indicated higher levels of positive or negative affect respectively. The well-validated scale (Crawford and Henry, 2004) showed high internal consistency for baseline ratings of positive affect (Cronbach's α = 0.89) and negative affect (Cronbach's α = 0.79), and for 45-min post-stressor onset ratings of positive affect (Cronbach's α = 0.91) and negative affect (Cronbach's α = 0.83). In addition, mood was directly assessed after recovery for those in the Facebook use condition with the following item: "Please indicate which statement you agree with most: (1) Using Facebook increased my positive mood, (2) Using Facebook increased my negative mood, or (3) Using Facebook did not change my mood."
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.PSYCHOSOCIAL MEASURES.WELL-BEING:
Subjective well-being was assessed at each saliva sample collection time point (see Procedure and Figure 1) with a visual analog scale anchored at "not well" and "extremely well" for the statement, "What is your overall sense of well-being right now?" Participants responded by marking along a 15 cm line. Responses were measured and rounded up to the nearest millimeter, then converted to a 15-point continuous scale with higher scores indicating greater feelings of well-being. In addition, well-being was directly assessed after recovery for those in the Facebook use condition on a scale of 1 (not at all) to 4 (a lot) with the following item: "How much did using Facebook influence your sense of well-being either positively or negatively?" Figure 1Timeline for procedural tasks and physiological sample measurements. TSST, Trier Social Stress Test; HR, heart rate; BP, blood pressure; SWB, subjective well-being; SS, subjective stress.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS.PSYCHOSOCIAL MEASURES.SUBJECTIVE STRESS:
Subjective stress was assessed at each saliva sample collection time point with present-moment ratings of feeling tense and anxious with the items, "How tense/anxious are you feeling right now?" Each item was rated from "not at all" to "extremely" along the same visual analog scale as the well-being measure. The descriptive terms "tense" and "anxious" were used instead of "stress" for these items in effort not to bias participants to the true purpose of the study.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.DESIGN AND PROCEDURE:
To assess the effect of Facebook use on stress recovery, participants in the current study came into the lab believing they would be taking a survey on their Facebook use habits and providing physiological samples (i.e., saliva, blood pressure, heart rate) to assess well-being. All participants underwent an unexpected, acute social stressor before half were randomly assigned to log into their own Facebook account (experimental condition), and half were given neutral reading materials (control condition) for 30 min of recovery. Participants completed all procedures in a single, 90-min laboratory session. All procedures took place within the same laboratory room where only the individual participant and experiment leader were present (with the exception of the portion involving the TSST committee). The experiment leader (a female graduate student not involved in the TSST) explained that the study aimed to look at the influence of social media use on well-being. In the description provided by the online participant recruitment system, participants were told they would need to know their Facebook login information in order to participate in the study; however, participants randomly assigned to the Facebook use condition did not know they would be using Facebook during the study until the moment the experiment leader asked them to log into their own account (~35 min into the study). Control participants never used their login information during the study. All participants were unaware that the study involved a stress task beforehand. After the study was explained and informed consent collected, all participants completed baseline measures. Following, the experiment leader left the room, and the committee entered to conduct the TSST. The experiment leader then returned, excused the committee, and instructed participants on how to proceed. During 30 min of stress recovery, participants randomly assigned to the experimental condition (n = 42) logged into their own Facebook account on the same laboratory computer used to complete baseline and follow-up measures (a laptop stored out of sight during the TSST). They were instructed to use Facebook as they wished with the exception of disclosing any information about their current participation in the study. Participants in the control condition remained in the same room with optional reading materials (scientific journals and magazines). The experiment leader remained in the room with each participant during recovery in order to collect physiological samples and subjective stress measures; however, participants were instructed not to speak to the experiment leader during recovery. Salivary cortisol output, heart rate, blood pressure, subjective stress, and subjective well-being were assessed at baseline, and at 8, 20, and 45 min post-stressor onset (see Figure 1 for study timeline). After recovery (45 min post-stressor onset), all participants completed measures of changes in mood and reported the general influence of Facebook use on stress and well-being. In addition, participants in the experimental condition reported their Facebook activity during the recovery period and the immediate influence of Facebook use on stress, well-being, and mood. After the final saliva measure and follow-up questionnaire, all participants were debriefed about the study's true purpose of testing the effect of social media use on stress recovery.
BODY.MATERIALS AND METHODS.STATISTICAL ANALYSES:
Analyses were conducted using SPSS Version 24.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with gender and Facebook Intensity (i.e., emotional connectedness to the site) as covariates was used to test the effect of Facebook use on acute stress recovery. To check the appropriateness of assumptions for the statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, histograms, and scatter plots were used. Analyses included mean change scores from baseline to 45 min post-stressor onset for positive and negative affect, mean change scores from 8 to 20 min post-stressor onset for blood pressure and heart rate, and mean change scores from 20 to 45 min post-stressor onset for all other variables. A median split was applied to Facebook Intensity score, creating a dichotomous variable (low, high) for use as a covariate. Seven participants (3 in the Facebook condition, 2 males; 4 in the control condition, 1 male) were missing either the 20- or 45-min saliva sample and thus were not included in final analyses. To account for skewness, cortisol measures were log-transformed before analyses. Unless otherwise noted, effect sizes are presented as partial η2, which represents the proportion of explained variance between the predictors and the outcome, with values of 0.01, 0.06, and 0.14 indicating small, medium, and large effect sizes, respectively (Cohen, 1988). Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.
BODY.RESULTS.SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS:
Given our interest in stress recovery, participants who maintained stable levels or showed a decrease in cortisol output concentration in response to the stress induction (n = 10) were excluded from analyses (i.e., they did not experience an increase in physiological stress and therefore did not experience recovery). Participants who reported current use of prescription medication containing cortisol, cortisone, or hydrocortisone were excluded from analyses (n = 2). One participant was identified as an extreme outlier for cortisol (i.e., score > 4 SDs above the mean) and was excluded from analyses. The final sample of participants (n = 92; 43 females, mean age = 19.74 years, SD = 1.51, BMI = 27.31, SD = 8.42; and n = 49 males; mean age = 19.55, SD = 1.63, BMI = 21.56, SD = 7.54) identified as being Hispanic/Latino (44.6%), Asian/Pacific Islander (20.7%), biracial (14.1%), Caucasian (10.9%), or African American/Black (4.3%). The majority of the sample (68.5%) identified as first-generation college students. Average weekly alcohol consumption within normal range was permitted, however the majority of participants (73.9%) reported zero consumption. Three participants reported current use of recreational drugs while one reported current use of tobacco products. Only 15.6% of female participants (n = 7; 4 control, 3 Facebook use) reported current use of hormonal contraceptives. Three participants reported current anxiety disorder diagnosis; however, none reported current use of anti-anxiety medication. No participants reported current diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder nor current use of anabolic steroids. None of these participants showed extreme scores on any outcome measure, nor did their stress response patterns widely diverge from the rest of the sample. Thus, all were retained in analyses. Seven participants quit the study before or during the acute stress induction (see Design and Procedure). Independent-samples t-tests showed no significant condition differences on any measure of Facebook activity or on any baseline physiological measure (see Table 1). Compared to control participants, participants in the Facebook use condition were more likely to report that using Facebook when stressed makes them feel less stressed, t(90) = 2.06, p = 0.04, 95% CI [−0.81, −0.02], d = 0.34. Participants showed no other significant condition differences on any item regarding the general influence of Facebook use on stress and well-being. Table 1 Full sample and condition values for baseline and Facebook use measures. Full sample Control condition FB condition n 92 50 42 Females ( n ) 43 28 15 Age 19.64 (1.57) 19.88 (1.78) 19.36 (1.25) FB ACTIVITY FB friends < 399 < 399 < 299 Years with FB account < 5 < 5 < 5 Daily use (minutes) < 44 < 44 < 44 FBI low intensity ( n ) 39 21 18 FBI high intensity ( n ) 53 29 24 Most common activities: Liking posts, following links to other websites, viewing photos Liking posts, following links to other websites, scrolling newsfeed without clicking Viewing videos, viewing photos, liking posts I FIND MYSELF WANTING TO USE FB MOST WHEN FEELING: Lonely 45% 44% 45% Bored 92% 94% 90% Stressed 32% 28% 36% Sad 18% 18% 19% Anxious 27% 26% 29% In general, how stressed does using FB make you feel? 1.38 (0.55) 1.40 (0.57) 1.36 (0.53) In general, I like to use FB when I'm stressed 2.83 (1.03) 2.90 (0.99) 2.74 (1.08) In general, using FB when stressed makes me feel less stressed 3.32 (0.97) 3.04 (1.03) 3.45 (0.86) In general, using FB when stressed makes me feel more stressed 2.41 (0.99) 2.44 (0.97) 2.38 (1.04) PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS Tension 3.29 (2.78) 3.02 (2.52) 3.62 (3.07) Anxiety 3.41 (2.86) 3.61 (2.95) 3.12 (2.76) Well-being 10.93 (2.72) 11.29 (2.49) 10.48 (2.95) Positive affect 29.40 (8.24) 28.22 (7.67) 30.80 (8.74) Negative affect 15.05 (4.98) 14.76 (4.02) 15.40 (5.97) PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS Systolic blood pressure 112.34 (12.38) 112.18 (14.15) 112.55 (10.04) Diastolic blood pressure 71.77 (7.87) 71.94 (8.18) 71.57 (7.58) Heart rate 72.10 (10.86) 73.98 (11.19) 69.88 (10.14) Cortisol 0.17 (0.11) 0.18 (0.12) 0.17 (0.10) Reported values reflect n = 92. FB, Facebook. FBI, Facebook Intensity Scale. Participants responded to number of FB Friends, Years with Facebook account, and Daily use as closed-ended questions. For these items, values represent the number, years, and time in minutes that correspond to the median responses from ordinal 1-to-5 scales. FBI low/high intensity represent number of participants in each condition after a median split was applied to the Facebook Intensity Scale. Percentages for each state (lonely, bored, etc.) represent percentage of participants who agreed or strongly agreed with each statement. All other values represent baseline condition means and standard deviations. Cortisol values represent raw salivary cortisol concentration in μg/dL. Bolded values indicate a significant difference between conditions at p ≤ 0.05 .
BODY.RESULTS.EFFECT OF FACEBOOK USE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS RECOVERY:
Fifty-two percent of the participants in the Facebook use condition identified the Facebook mobile app as their most common method of access, while 16.7% reported most commonly using the website on a computer, and 31% reported using both the mobile app and a computer to access Facebook equally. When asked what they did during 30 min of stress recovery, participants in the Facebook use condition identified passively scrolling newsfeed, viewing videos, and following links as the activities they spent the most time doing. The majority of participants (66.7%) indicated that they normally spend less than 30 min using Facebook in one sitting. However, the majority of participants (66.7%) also indicated that using Facebook for 30 min did not cause them to engage in any activities during one sitting in which they normally would not. Participants who reported doing something they normally would not do because of the extended use time (n = 14) almost exclusively reported that they watched videos. When asked about the effect of Facebook use on mood, 54.8% of participants reported a positive change in mood, 14.3% reported a negative change in mood, and 31.0% reported no effect on mood during recovery. In addition, 59.5% reported that using Facebook made them feel less stressed, 7.1% reported feeling more stressed, and 33.3% reported experiencing no change in stress level as a result of using Facebook during recovery. Seventy-nine percent of participants reported that using Facebook changed their sense of well-being during recovery. Participants in both conditions experienced similar changes in psychosocial stress during recovery with decreases in tension and anxiety and increases in well-being. There were no significant condition differences for tension F(1, 91) = 1.56, p = 0.21, 95% CI [–0.29, 1.25], η2 = 0.02; anxiety F(1, 88) = 0.004, p = 0.95, 95% CI [–1.01, 0.95], η2 = 0.00; or well-being F(1, 91) = 0.33, p = 0.57, 95% CI [–0.49, 0.90], η2 = 0.004. Positive and negative affect were measured at baseline and follow up. While participants showed decreases in positive affect and increases in negative affect, there were no significant condition differences for either positive affect, F(1, 91) = 2.50, p = 0.12, 95% CI [–4.78, 0.54], η2 = 0.03 or negative affect, F(1, 91) = 0.053, p = 0.82, 95% CI [–2.20, 2.77], η2 = 0.01 when controlling for Facebook Intensity and gender (see Figures 2A–D for subjective stress markers). Figure 2(A–D) Subjective stress markers and cortisol for Facebook and Control conditions. Facebook and Control conditions showed no significant differences at any time point (p < 0.05). Raw cortisol values are shown in Plot D; log-transformed scores were used for analyses.
BODY.RESULTS.EFFECT OF FACEBOOK USE ON PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RECOVERY:
Preliminary analyses confirmed that all participants experienced physiological stress in response to the TSST (see Procedure). Participants showed a significant decrease in both blood pressure and heart rate from eight to 20 min post-stressor onset, indicating that recovery of heart rate and blood pressure occurred; however, there were no significant condition effects for systolic blood pressure F(1, 91) = 0.16, p = 0.69, 95% CI [–3.60, 5.38], η2 = 0.002; diastolic blood pressure F(1, 91) = 2.11, p = 0.15, 95% CI [–0.95, 6.13], η2 = 0.023, or heart rate F(1, 91) = 1.05, p = 0.31, 95% CI [–1.65, 5.24], η2 = 0.012 when controlling for gender and Facebook Intensity score. Compared to control participants at baseline, participants in the Facebook use condition were more likely to report that using Facebook when stressed makes them feel less stressed (see Table 1). However, compared to the Facebook use condition (Mdifference = –0.35, SD = 0.37), control participants (Mdifference = –0.51, SD = 0.38) showed a significantly greater decrease in cortisol concentration from 20 to 45 min post-stressor onset when controlling for gender and Facebook Intensity score2, F(1, 84) = 5.03, p = 0.03, 95% CI [0.21, 0.33], η2 = 0.06 (see Figures 2A–D). Secondary to assessing the effect of Facebook use on stress recovery, we explored how both investment in the website and gender may influence recovery. Although sample sizes did not allow for testing interaction effects, descriptively, females in the Facebook use condition who reported high levels of Facebook Intensity showed the smallest reduction in cortisol concentration during recovery (see Figure 3). That is, based only on descriptive mean differences, they remained the most stressed compared not only to control participants with high and low Facebook Intensity, and to males who used Facebook with high and low Facebook Intensity, but also compared to females who used Facebook with low levels of Facebook Intensity. A similar pattern was reflected when females (M = 2.70, SD = 0.94) were more likely than males (M = 2.16, SD = 0.98) to report that using Facebook when stressed makes them feel more stressed t(90) = 2.65, p = 0.01, 95% CI [–0.93, –0.13], d = 0.46. This potential interaction between gender and investment in the website suggests that highly invested females may be more susceptible to social media-induced stress. Figure 3Salivary cortisol response to stress for the Facebook use condition by gender and high/low Facebook Intensity. Raw cortisol values are reported here; log-transformed values were used for analyses.
BODY.DISCUSSION:
The present study provides the first objective evidence of how social media may affect stress. All participants experienced significant changes in subjective and physiological stress in response to an acute laboratory stressor; however, using Facebook inhibited physiological recovery. Specifically, participants who used Facebook during recovery showed sustained cortisol levels compared to control participants, suggesting that Facebook can get under the skin. Given the mixed literature on Facebook use and well-being, several explanations for such findings exist. Social Self-preservation Theory poses that the social self-preservation system (including the HPA axis) tracks one's surroundings for threats to social status or social esteem. When a threat is present, both cortisol and negative self-related cognitions and emotions increase (Dickerson et al., 2004). Given that Facebook use has been associated with social status and social esteem (e.g., Ellison et al., 2011; Best et al., 2014), it is possible that Facebook use could be viewed as a threat to self-preservation and may induce similar physiological effects. In the present study, participants who immediately engaged with their own Facebook profile after experiencing an acute social stressor sustained significantly higher levels of objective stress compared to control participants (i.e., their recovery from stress was delayed). This extended stress response may reflect an additive effect of physiological and psychosocial arousal in response to threats to self-preservation (i.e., both the acute social stressor and Facebook were perceived as threats; therefore, participants who experienced both showed prolonged stress responses compared to those who only experienced the acute social stressor). This relationship may be particularly true for females highly invested in the site. It is also possible that immediately engaging in a stimulating activity after experiencing acute stress may have reduced the likelihood of recovering from stress. All participants were at a heightened level of arousal at the beginning of recovery. Directly beginning another task (i.e., using Facebook) may have sustained higher levels of physiological arousal. Although using Facebook sustained cortisol, it had no effect on blood pressure or heart rate. This may have been due to the natural rapid recovery rate of these more acute markers (Linden et al., 1997). However, it is also possible that Facebook differently affects sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM) activity (blood pressure and heart rate) and HPA activity (cortisol). Future work may benefit from including additional and more precise measurement of the SAM system (e.g., salivary alpha-amylase). Despite sustaining cortisol, Facebook did not sustain psychosocial stress. Those who used Facebook reported recovering as much as those in the control condition despite showing a sustained physiological stress response. This dissociation is consistent with findings demonstrating that the psychological experience of stress does not necessarily map on to a physiological response (e.g., Kirschbaum et al., 1995; Egloff et al., 2002; Inagaki and Eisenberger, 2016; Levi, 2016). In this specific context, this dissociation may aid in explaining mixed findings in the literature. For example, cross-sectional findings implicating associations between both Facebook use and enhanced well-being (Kim and Lee, 2011) and Facebook use and greater distress (Chen and Lee, 2013) may reflect a disconnection between what users experience and what they report. Although there were no significant effects of Facebook use on self-reported stress in this study, examining this relationship will remain important considering that the majority of participants in the Facebook use condition reported at baseline that using Facebook when stressed reduces stress. While results suggest a link between social media use and stress, the implications for overall well-being are less clear. The context of acute stress provides valuable insight into how Facebook use may influence users, especially given that a significant portion of users report not only wanting to use the site when stressed, but that using it when stressed actually reduces stress. Subjective stress reduction may in fact occur; however, our findings highlight the importance of also considering physiological stress recovery. Given the known associations between stress and negative health and well-being outcomes (Herbert and Cohen, 1994), Facebook use after experiencing acute stress may not be recommended. Despite these novel findings, limitations must be addressed. First, the majority of participants reported using the Facebook mobile app as the most common means of access. Use of the platform in such a context may have different implications for stress recovery, particularly given that mobile use implies a mobile environment (e.g., walking around in a public space). However, to best capture the effect of Facebook use on stress recovery in an experimental context, limiting platform access to a stationary laptop computer in a quiet room allowed us to rule out confounding factors. Future work assessing mobile use of the platform will require careful control of many external environmental factors. Second, in effort to provide some level of arousal for all participants, the control condition involved a stimulating, yet neutral activity. We did not assess if participants normally read magazines when feeling stressed. Third, use of a computer (vs. reading magazines) may have influenced physiological recovery. Future work may benefit from including a third condition involving complete rest. Fourth, participants may have accessed materials when using Facebook that could have differently affected arousal. As social media continues evolving, future work should consider how specific activities (e.g., posting photos, viewing videos, etc.) differently influence well-being. Similarly, the potentially variable impact of different text- and image-based platforms (e.g., Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat) must also be considered. Finally, the broader social context of use must be acknowledged. For example, national and global-level events (e.g., the constant social media coverage of the contentious 2016 U.S. Presidential Election) may temporarily create an inherently stressful environment with otherwise undue consequences for well-being. Although much work remains to be done, the present study provides the first experimental evidence that social media may in fact get under the skin. We show that when accounting for gender and investment in the website, using Facebook after facing an acute social stressor delays physiological stress recovery in terms of cortisol. That is, using Facebook when stressed sustains physiological stress. Future work must consider with greater precision, the influence of specific Facebook activities on both psychological and physiological well-being. Particular attention should be paid to user gender and investment in the website.
BODY.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS:
HR developed the study concept. Both authors contributed to the study design. Testing and data collection were performed by HR. Immunoassay, data analyses, and interpretation were performed by HR under the supervision of JT. HR drafted the manuscript, and JT provided critical revisions. Both authors approved the final version of the manuscript for submission.
BODY.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS.CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT:
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. | the_stack | {'hexsha': '7e5d6c476bacd0ebdec00521124f2eb9587e0918', 'size': '37873', 'ext': 'txt', 'lang': 'Text', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'annotations/txt_files/PMC5610684.txt', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'EricJoraskie/evidence-inference', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': 'a661e8c14f973398380c8865cf2f27a535aaaf6d', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_stars_count': '42', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '2019-04-05T03:07:19.000Z', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '2022-03-04T08:30:43.000Z', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'annotations/txt_files/PMC5610684.txt', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'EricJoraskie/evidence-inference', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': 'a661e8c14f973398380c8865cf2f27a535aaaf6d', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_issues_count': '7', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '2019-07-19T08:34:17.000Z', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '2021-10-29T18:49:15.000Z', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'annotations/txt_files/PMC5610684.txt', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'EricJoraskie/evidence-inference', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': 'a661e8c14f973398380c8865cf2f27a535aaaf6d', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_forks_count': '12', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '2019-04-12T16:20:30.000Z', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '2021-11-02T21:24:16.000Z', 'avg_line_length': '688.6', 'max_line_length': '7060', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.8007287514', 'original_id': '0e798c704aaae053e39390253df45ffc609cf972e827d805115d55f5c8f10c35'} |
รัฐบาลไทย-ข่าวทำเนียบรัฐบาล-กรมการขนส่งทางบกเชิญชวนเจ้าของรถเตรียมความพร้อมก่อนเดินทางช่วงสงกรานต์ จัดกิจกรรม “ตรวจรถฟรี ขับขี่ปลอดภัย” ตั้งแต่วันที่ 10 มีนาคม - 10 เมษายน 2564
วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 11 มีนาคม 2564
กรมการขนส่งทางบกเชิญชวนเจ้าของรถเตรียมความพร้อมก่อนเดินทางช่วงสงกรานต์ จัดกิจกรรม “ตรวจรถฟรี ขับขี่ปลอดภัย” ตั้งแต่วันที่ 10 มีนาคม - 10 เมษายน 2564
นายจิรุตม์ วิศาลจิตร อธิบดีกรมการขนส่งทางบก กระทรวงคมนาคม กล่าวว่า ช่วงวันหยุดยาวเทศกาลสงกรานต์ 2564 คาดว่าจะมีประชาชนจำนวนมากเดินทางกลับภูมิลำเนาและท่องเที่ยวตามสถานที่ต่าง ๆ จึงมีความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดอุบัติเหตุมากกว่าปกติ
เพื่อความปลอดภัยกรมการขนส่งทางบกร่วมกับภาคีเครือข่ายความปลอดภัยทางถนนทั้งภาครัฐและเอกชนทั่วประเทศจัดกิจกรรม “ตรวจรถฟรี ขับขี่ปลอดภัย” ระหว่างวันที่ 10 มีนาคม - 10 เมษายน 2564 เชิญชวนประชาชนเจ้าของรถนำรถยนต์และรถจักรยานยนต์เข้ารับบริการตรวจเช็กสภาพรถยนต์และรถจักรยานยนต์เบื้องต้นก่อนเดินทางในช่วงเทศกาลสงกรานต์โดยไม่คิดค่าบริการ จำนวนกว่า 20 รายการ เช่น การตรวจระบบเบรก สภาพยาง ตรวจสอบการรั่วซึมของน้ำมันจากถังน้ำมัน ระดับน้ำมันเครื่องและความสกปรกของน้ำมันเครื่อง หม้อน้ำและรอยรั่ว ไส้กรองอากาศ อุปกรณ์ปัดน้ำฝน การทำงานของไฟส่องสว่างและไฟสัญญาณต่าง ๆ เป็นต้น สามารถนำรถยนต์หรือรถจักรยานยนต์เข้ารับบริการ ณ ศูนย์บริการของภาคีเครือข่ายภาครัฐและเอกชนทั่วประเทศหรือสังเกตป้ายประชาสัมพันธ์ “ตรวจรถฟรี ขับขี่ปลอดภัย” ก่อนเข้าใช้บริการ
อธิบดีกรมการขนส่งทางบก กล่าวเพิ่มเติมว่า กิจกรรม “ตรวจรถฟรี ขับขี่ปลอดภัย” ได้รับความร่วมมือจากภาคีเครือข่ายด้านความปลอดภัยทางถนนร่วมจัดกิจกรรมอันเป็นประโยชน์ต่อประชาชนด้วยดีมาโดยตลอด อาทิ สมาคมผู้ประกอบการรถจักรยานยนต์ไทย สมาคมการค้าไทย - ยุโรป (TEBA) สมาคมตรวจสภาพรถเอกชนไทย สมาคมอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไทย สถาบันยานยนต์ไทย บริษัท โตโยต้า มอเตอร์ ประเทศไทย จำกัด บริษัท ฮอนด้า ออโตโมบิล (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด, บริษัท นิสสัน มอเตอร์ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด, บริษัท ตรีเพชร อีซูซุ เซลล์ จำกัด บริษัท มิตซูบิชิ มอเตอร์ส (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด บริษัท ฮุนได มอเตอร์ ไทยแลนด์ จำกัด, เอสเอไอซี มอเตอร์ - ซีพี จำกัด บริษัท เอพี ฮอนด้า จำกัด หรือ บริษัท ไทยฮอนด้า แมนูแฟคเจอริ่ง จำกัด บริษัท ไทยยามาฮ่า มอเตอร์ จำกัด บริษัท คาวาซากิ มอเตอร์ เอ็นเตอร์ไพรส์ จำกัด บริษัท ไทยซูซูกิมอเตอร์ จำกัด บริษัท กลางคุ้มครองผู้ประสบภัยจากรถ จำกัด บริษัท วิริยะประกันภัย จำกัด(มหาชน) บริษัท บี-ควิก จำกัด, บริษัท ฟอร์ซเวย์ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด (ศูนย์บริการ AUTO QUIKS) บริษัท มาสด้า เซลส์ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด บริษัท ทีซี่ ซูบารุ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด และ บริษัท ซูซูกิ มอเตอร์ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด เป็นต้น ร่วมประชาสัมพันธ์และรณรงค์ให้ประชาชนเจ้าของรถให้ความสำคัญกับการตรวจเช็กสภาพความพร้อมของรถ เครื่องยนต์ อุปกรณ์ส่วนควบของรถ ก่อนการเดินทางทุกครั้งไม่ว่าจะเป็นการเดินทางระยะทางใกล้หรือไกล เพื่อป้องกันและลดปัจจัยเสี่ยงสาเหตุการเกิดอุบัติเหตุทางถนน เนื่องจากการใช้งานรถที่สภาพไม่พร้อมหรือเครื่องยนต์ของรถทำงานผิดปกติอาจเป็นสาเหตุให้เกิดอุบัติเหตุทางถนนได้
ที่มา : https://www.thaigov.go.th/news/contents/details/39876 | the_stack | {'hexsha': '834ed265bb762859008b01bf89610e333c703455', 'size': '2775', 'ext': 'txt', 'lang': 'Text', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'data/2021/03/25/ด้านสังคม_60.txt', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'wannaphong/thaigov-v2-corpus', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': '56c37b5ac684070706ac5571142a01a56c194533', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['Apache-2.0']", 'max_stars_count': '4', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '2020-09-18T23:55:34.000Z', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '2020-12-20T14:43:31.000Z', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'data/2021/03/25/ด้านสังคม_60.txt', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'wannaphong/thaigov-v2-corpus', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': '56c37b5ac684070706ac5571142a01a56c194533', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['Apache-2.0']", 'max_issues_count': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'data/2021/03/25/ด้านสังคม_60.txt', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'wannaphong/thaigov-v2-corpus', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': '56c37b5ac684070706ac5571142a01a56c194533', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['Apache-2.0']", 'max_forks_count': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '', 'avg_line_length': '277.5', 'max_line_length': '1402', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.7545945946', 'original_id': '6323dbf856c70ee91c24d5e68edc823fc8e9bd75a5b7a6803b031b416e0ff235'} |
Appalachian’s Dr. Jon Carter offers historical context for ‘migrant caravan,’ points to U.S. free-trade policies of 1990s
Why are thousands of Hondurans migrating en masse to the U.S. border? Appalachian State University sociocultural anthropologist Dr. Jon Carter points to the region’s economic history of the past 25 years — including Americans’ desire for drugs and cheap goods.
Dr. Jon Carter, who has researched undocumented migration from Honduras for 20 years. Photo by Chase Reynolds
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Rev. Blackstone Settlement
In 1635 the Reverend William Blackstone moved from Boston to the banks of the river since renamed in his honor. His home was near what is now the Ann&Hope mill in Cumberland. This made him the first white settler in what would become the Rehoboth North Purchase and the first settler in what would become Rhode Island. The complete story of Rev. Blackstone and his importance to Attleborough, can be found here. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9888716340065002}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '46911', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6NZJZCFBQS7KTPECRQ4FIVCJMJRNWJM4', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:bc383c40-ad0b-44ba-9eb0-fb2e67f26a03>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 2, 27, 10, 2, 25), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.64.117.195', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FEWJFSPAEIN7NUYLAGF5BONT5NKM2DD3', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:84497a36-d051-49fa-9fca-7c843532426a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://attleboro.org/timeline/rev-blackstone-settlement/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:6c1a1b33-0e7d-42c1-87f4-a489c0d2c4b8>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '75', 'url': 'https://attleboro.org/timeline/rev-blackstone-settlement/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February/March 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-210.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2042175531387329', 'original_id': 'a0571504acadbaaede99b33ca22eefa6176de27838040280bc73a12433473203'} |
Credit: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Materials chemists have been trying for years to make a new type of battery that can store solar or other light-sourced energy in chemical bonds rather than electrons, one that will release the energy on demand as heat instead of electricity - addressing the need for long-term, stable, efficient storage of solar power.
Now a group of materials chemists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst led by Dhandapani Venkataraman, with Ph.D. student and first author Seung Pyo Jeong, Ph.D. students Larry Renna, Connor Boyle and others, report that they have solved one of the major hurdles in the field by developing a polymer-based system. It can yield energy storage density - the amount of energy stored - more than two times higher than previous polymer systems. Details appear in the current issue of Scientific Reports.
Venkataraman and Boyle say that previous high energy storage density achieved in a polymeric system was in the range of 200 Joules per gram, while their new system is able to reach an average of 510 Joules per gram, with a maximum of 690. Venkataraman says, "Theory says that we should be able to achieve 800 Joules per gram, but nobody could do it. This paper reports that we've reached one of the highest energy densities stored per gram in a polymeric system, and how we did it."
The authors say that as energy storage density improves - and with their work it is now approaching the capacity of lithium batteries - applications for the new technology include such possibilities as solar pads that collect energy from the sun by day, then store it for heating food, living spaces, clothing or blankets at night. Boyle notes that this approach will be especially valuable in areas where there is no access to a power grid.
Venkataraman says his group's accomplishment would probably not have been possible without earlier theoretical work by Jeffrey Grossman at MIT: "Without his paper and his thoughts on the theory, I don't think we would have gotten where we are today." Grossman had suggested that higher energy density might be achieved if the commonly used compound, azobenzene molecules, were arranged along a rigid carbon nanotube. This frame would allow scientists to manipulate the molecular interactions, which determines how much energy is taken up and released.
Venkataraman explains, "We understood the idea of controlling the arrangement, but we thought, What if we use a flexible polymer, not a rigid tube? Something like a string of Christmas lights, where the lights are the azobenzene molecules. Because what you cannot do with a is reduce the distance between the molecules. We thought that the structure of a polymer chain would let the azobenzene groups get closer to each other and interact, which is when they gain energy and become more stable."
Their idea worked, he adds, "but we didn't understand why. The finding was unexpected, so we couldn't stop there. Every time my students came to me with unexplained high numbers, I sent them back to do more control experiments to understand and validate the findings. We had to be skeptical, because we had an unusual result."
They used the solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) for this processing "simply because it's good solvent for this polymer system," Boyle says, not suspecting that it would influence how much energy is stored and later released when we first started.
He adds that a collaboration with scientists at Schrödinger, Inc., a scientific software and solutions company based in New York, also played a key role in helping the UMass Amherst scientists to understand the origins of the observed high storage densities. Led by Shaun Kwak, a lead applications scientist at Schrödinger, with experts in force-field technology Ed Harder and Wolfgang Damm, the project got the necessary company support.
Kwak says, "Working directly with scientists with experimental background at the highest level gets always marked very high in value at Schrödinger." He emphasizes the synergetic effect he observed first-hand throughout the collaboration. "It provides a great opportunity for us to showcase the power of computational chemistry on the verge of most innovative ideas, such as shown in this work."
The materials chemists plan to follow up this discovery with work to solve some practical problems related to charging the system, so they have not made a battery yet, but that is coming. This work was supported by UMass Amherst.
Explore further
Researchers create material for a chemical heat 'battery' that could release its energy on demand
More information: Seung Pyo Jeong et al, High Energy Density in Azobenzene-based Materials for Photo-Thermal Batteries via Controlled Polymer Architecture and Polymer-Solvent Interactions, Scientific Reports (2017). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17906-w
Journal information: Scientific Reports
Citation: Paving the way for a non-electric battery to store solar energy (2017, December 19) retrieved 11 May 2021 from https://techxplore.com/news/2017-12-paving-non-electric-battery-solar-energy.html
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Quick Return to Athletic Life After Labral Tear in Shoulder
Over the years and being active playing soccer, boxing, skin boarding and rock climbing, his shoulder continued to dislocate and he suffered severe shoulder pain. He eventually got used to putting his shoulder back in place on his own, since he was not willing to stop the sports that made him feel alive.
One day he was relaxing laying down with his hands behind his head and Zack made a slight move that resulted in him dislocating his shoulder again. He thought, “Enough is enough! I can’t keep living like this.”
Zack began the search to find the right orthopedic surgeon that could fix his torn labrum shoulder, and also provide him a realistic and favorable prognosis of being able to continue playing the sports he loved. After meeting with a couple orthopedic surgeons, he was left feeling more nervous than prior to the appointments. He finally scheduled an appointment with Steven Struhl, MD an orthopedic surgeon in NYC who is a Shoulder Specialist.
“I remember being very nervous hoping that Dr. Struhl would say that everything will be fine and no surgery was needed”, explains Zack. After Dr. Struhl’s thorough examination, he shared with Zack that if he wanted to continue playing the sports he enjoys with less pain, then he would need to have shoulder dislocation surgery. Zack further explained, “Due to Dr. Struhl’s very positive outlook, his credentials, proven results, his approach that he knew that he would be able to repair my labral tear in my shoulder; it was a no brainer to have Dr. Struhl perform my shoulder surgery.”
Zack had an orthoscopic labrum repair last October, and due to the complete labral tear of his shoulder it had to be secured with 7 anchors.
Zack took his PT very seriously. PT was slow, but critical to do properly.
“Dr. Struhl exceeded my expectations. I initially thought that he was just being overly optimistic, but I am glad to say that he proved me wrong. He told me that it would take me 6 months to heal (which I was dreading), but I was able to get the green light in 4 months to do some of the things that I live for. I am now back to rock climbing and working out at the gym pain free thanks to Dr. Struhl and his staff”
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7 Management Myths That Need To Be Busted
There are many aspects of modern business management which bother me. More than anything though, is the relentless invasion of idiotic myths which seems to pass for "inspirational leadership".
I've sat in many classrooms - with many different employers - and I keep seeing the same lies being told to students. HR and training teams seem to incessantly buy into the slick and convincing pre-packaged nonsense of "gurus".
I want to make this abundantly clear - there is a difference between facts and opinions. There is a difference between science and superstition. There is a difference between truth and lies.
There are things we can prove, things we can disprove, things which sound convincing, and things which we just feel must be right.
It's important that leaders are convincing speakers, have well thought through plans, and know what they are talking about. Yet too much of modern leadership science seems to be taken up with myths rather than facts. No one can be expected to lead if the foundation of their knowledge is built on a bed of naked falsehoods.
I'd like to tackle some of the more common tropes which find their way into business leadership lessons around the globe. These are easily debunked factoids which sneak their way into classrooms under the pretence of being good science. As I hope to demonstrate, there are merely a series of poorly understood pieces of trivia which have no place in a modern organisation.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
I'm sure you've been in a meeting where someone in a very expensive suit has thrown up this image:
Occasionally, they'll alter it to put their product in there - what laughs!
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs (MHN) looks, superficially, to be good science. It was created by a respected scientist who properly understood the limitations of the scope of his work, and has been used for over 80 years. Sadly, it has severe deficiencies - which leads to it frequently being misapplied.
• Culture Specific. Maslow was looking at "Western" people. Does every culture place such a high value on individualism? No.
• Age specific. How important is sex to you when you're a teenager? How about when you're in old age? How does the need for security change throughout your lifetime?
• Where is spiritual satisfaction on the list?
• Can you not be a poor, hungry person who is happily solving problems?
• What happens in hostile environments, like war? Do your needs change?
• Several studies have shown that Maslow's ordering is simply incorrect for a large number of people.
In short, it's poor form to overstate the importance in a management context.
So, why is this still being taught in businesses around the world as a suitable tool for managing people?
55% of Communication is through Body Language!
Oh dear! How many times has some "motivational speaker" told you to get up off your arse and jump around like a lunatic because "the majority of communication is non-verbal"?
I'll admit it - I'm one of those people. I get people moving around to help warm them up, to motivate them, to get their heart pumping. But that's because I think it makes people more confident - not because their body language has a such a large impact on their presentation.
Before we get in to the origin of this zombie statistic, let's ask a simple question: How do you quantify such an exact percentage which is true for all forms of communication?
Anyway, the 55% rule comes from Albert Mehrabian - a professor at UCLA. His actual findings look at people* discussing feelings and emotions. He discovered that in ambiguous situations, meaning was derived in the following ratios.
He specifically says
This isn't to say that facial expressions aren't important - they are - but businesses should not be fooled into thinking that simply improving the body language of their staff will result in better communication.
*The final kicker is that this ratio doesn't apply to all people - just women. Yes, that's right, Mehrabian's experiment was only conducted on women! The women listened to single words recorded on to tape. No men were involved, and no face-to-face communication took place.
Is this really the foundation upon which businesses are basing their beliefs?
We Only Use 10% of Our Brains
I've sat in seminars where some motivational speaker has tried to enthuse the crowd by telling us about our limitless potential. "Did you know," they squeal with glee, "that you only use 10 percent of your brain? You have vast, untapped depth which will allow you to conquer any situation."
The polite response in such situations is to ask the presenter which bits of their brain they would like scooped out.
This 10% "fact" is a complete myth. It's so barely plausible that it's easy enough to demonstrate to small children that it's wrong.
There's no doubt the human brain is a remarkable organ. It contains many facets which we still don't completely understand. With hard work, it's possible to expand our knowledge, and alter our neuroplasticity.
Our brain is always in use - all of it. Not everyone uses it to their full potential, not everyone works as hard as they can, and - if people engaged their brain a little more - this pernicious 10% myth would finally die off.
Neuro-Linguistic Programming™. All three of those words sound very scientific. I mean wow!
The first thing to say about NLP™, is that it is a product to be packaged and sold. Hence the ™. It is not scientific term - it is a marketing term.
The second thing to say about NLP™, is that it doesn't work. I don't mean that some people find it unhelpful, I mean that every piece of scientific research into it has conclusively shown that it doesn't work.
So why, in the 21st century are HR departments still wasting vast sums of money on this?
Meyers Briggs
I've already blogged about how Meyers Briggs is little better than astrology.
In short, MBTI was specifically designed to get British women from the 1940s into jobs which are suitable to their temperament. Neither Meyers nor Briggs had any psychological or statistical training.
Despite repeated testing, there has never been any evidence that MBTI is accurate or useful.
The fact that this nonsense has stayed around so long is a dark stain on modern business.
...And Yet...
Perhaps you have violently disagreed with my categorisation of your favourite management fad. What I'd like you to understand is that what seems sensible to you seems downright bizarre to other people.
Have a read of these next two examples and tell me if you think that they are sensible ways to manage people.
Blood Type
Should you manage people differently depending on their temperament? Probably; different people have different needs.
Should you attempt to determine your employee's attitude via their blood type?
Wait? What?
It sounds weird - yet it's fairly common practice in Japan.
Japanese Blood Types-fs8Take a look at the chart. Doesn't it seem familiar? Much the same traits which are "measured" by MBTI and other associated quackery. There's no science in it, of course, yet individuals are encouraged to marry "compatible" blood types and bosses are actively recruiting people based on their blood type.
Essentially, it's a horoscope with scientific pretensions.
It has all the appearance of a real science - yet there is no genuine research to back it up. Take a look at MBTI, NLP, or any other management technique which sounds like it has a scientific basis. How is it any different from the superstition of blood types?
Handwriting Analysis
I'm sure you remember having to submit a handwritten application for a job. It was probably many years ago - before computers were widespread. Unless, of course, you live in France! In some parts of France, Graphology - the "science" of interpreting handwriting - is alive and well.
I'm not sure what an analysis of my handwriting would show, other than I never hand write anything longer than my signature on official forms...
Curiously, some 50% of French companies use handwriting analysis. What would your reaction be if your HR team insisted that every employee had to submit themselves to such nonsense? That team assignments and pay rises would be based on some witch-doctor's reading of your penmanship
Unthinkable - surely?
Well, it works for me!
"Ah, but it works for me..." is usually the response I get when I bring this up.
Personally, that sounds a lot like an elephant stone to me. You see, I have this stone that I keep in my pocket to keep the elephants away. It's working splendidly - I haven't been attacked by an elephant ever since I started carrying it around.
Aspirin is a great example of this. If you take 100 people with headaches and give them aspirin, 60% of them will report a reduction in pain. After 2 hours, 30% of them will be pain free.
If you perform the same experiment with a placebo - that is a pill with no medicinal properties - after 2 hours 6% of people will report being pain free.
So, 6% of people will swear that a tic-tac cured their headache. Is that a sound basis on which to refuse aspirin next time your head hurts?
There is an excellent and easily readable paper from The Journal of Headache and Pain which explains the placebo effect on headaches.
What Next?
It's easy to point out on a blog that someone is talking rubbish. It's a lot harder to do so in real life. The next time someone tries to impress you with one of these grand sounding systems, you should have the courage to stick your hand up and ask for proof.
Speaking truth to power is rarely popular. But I think it's important that the people who lead us understand that they cannot build on a foundation of lies.
Because, at their heart, that's what these systems are - lies. Clever lies we tell people in order to manipulate them. And that's no way to build trust between management and employees.
3 thoughts on “7 Management Myths That Need To Be Busted
1. I think much of this simply comes down to the fact that the "science" of Psychology is highly unscientific most of the time. Even when psychologists do studies in a scientific format the sample size is usually too small to have any statistical validity.
It's very easy to do simple scientific studies on this stuff and determine it isn't "true" but then it was never meant to be - they're thinking tools, models intended to increase understanding and hopefully do better than pure chance. Meyers-Briggs and the some of the various coarse generalisations in NLP, although easily falsifiable, do have some correlation with reality. NLP actually scores points here for having a blatant rip-off of Meyers-Briggs (in the form of "Meta-programs") that you don't have to spend vast sums of money on.
I completely agree that it's lazy and probably ethically dubious to use these kinds of extremely inaccurate tools to determine anything about employees careers but unless managements care enough about their employees to take the time to understand their motivations and preferences as individuals then I expect they'll keep using the latest fashionable pseudo-science.
Psychology is complex! Your placebo example for headaches is probably not as representative as it should be since the causes are often fairly well understood. In psychiatric conditions and many physical ones where "stress" is a major factor, the placebo effect is typically in the range of 30-50% and psychiatric drugs often only beat placebo by a few percent (if indeed they do at all, as e.g. many anti-depressants seem to have been approved largely through publication bias). For many forms of psychological intervention its incredibly difficult to design the equivalent of a double-blind placebo controlled trial.
The problem is not the current management fads but that we presume to be able to systematically determine who's going to do well in a certain job, or be motivated by a particular management style. So, while you hate these things for their lack of scientific grounding, I doubt we're even close to credible alternatives (and I'd love to be proven wrong, so if you've got some examples of methods companies should be using instead please tell). We make this whole situation worse by having employment laws that scare managers away from doing anything that could be considered biased towards one individual over another. This pushes HR departments towards some kind of standardised process such that everyone can be seen to be treated exactly the same and thus into the arms of the psychological pseudo-scientists.
2. I have yet to be in a situation where any of these things are presented to me as scientific fact. As Mark says above, they are usually approaches for thinking about things. It sounds like you are being wound up by the way they have been presented to you by lazy trainers using them to prove a point and have redirected this at the systems themselves. I doubt Maslow ever thought that these things were only possible in the exact order he specified and that people weren't individuals, but the basic premise remains that you can spend all the time you like trying to look after employees' welfare through fun and creativity but if you haven't got the basics right like security in their role, enough time off to sleep properly and access to proper catering, then no one is going to welcome your happy clappy self actualisation team building and you need to focus on the basics first. I wish that someone had shown the diagram in your example above to some organisations I have worked for and explained how misdirected their 'employee support' was. Systems and diagrams help, I don't think it's a crime to use them as long as you recognise they are a system. I could TM the 'to do' list and peddle it like a quack trainer but it wouldn't mean that it wasn't an effective system.
3. Excellent article. That these practices still abound points to lazy thinking & ignorance!
I have myself been a victim of this kind of quackery.
At my first job after graduation, after about 6 months, my boss began giving me a really hard time & virtually bullied me over the next two to three months until I found another job & quit. (This was many years ago, when correspondence was still by letter / snail mail).
During my exit interview, I found out the reason for my Boss' stupidity.
Apparently a supplier in Germany had told him that my signature on correspondence was too small & that meant I would not contribute to the Company as I would be too timid, lack confidence & not accomplish anything major.
I wish it had happened recently : I could have sued the guys' pants off (which would still be small concession to the grief I underwent!
Which brings me to my conviction that today we have many "Educated" people who are just not learned enough - people of letters who can't put them together to form words.
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<h2 align="center">Monitoring Dashboard</h2>
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33*. Année. — fl». 1724(utile dulci.) Mercredi 31 Juillet 1880.JOURNAL DE S'-BT DU DEPARTEMENT DE L'AISNE. Politique, Lilléralure, Industrie, Commerce, Agriculture, Annonces.Ce droDPoal parait le Dimanche et le «fendl de chaque semaine.CE JOURNAL PARAIT le UIiuaoi-tav et le Jeudi de chaque weiiialne. On l'abonne au Bureau de celle Feuille, chex .%». MOIREAI1, Propriétaire-Gérant, Imprimeur et Lithographe , Grand Place , Le* abonnement datent du t" et du 15 de chaque mois. Tout abonnement qu'on laisse renouveler est kugislk en bîstikr. Les lettres non affranchies ne sont pas reçues.PRIX DE L ABONNEMENT. Pour Saint-Ocentui Un an. 13 fr. — Six mois , 7 fr. Poeb lk Département Un an, la fr. — Six mois, 8 fr. Hors de département Un an , 16 fr. — Six mois, 9 fr.Pour éviter le retard que les Abonnés pourraient éprouver dans l’envoi du Journal, l’Administration continuera de le leur adresser a I expiration de leur abonnement, à défaut d'ordre contraire. Le prix de l'ubonnemenl e.l Soujeurw payable d «taire. Une botte, destinée à recevoir les Réclamations , Avis, articles, etc., est placée à la porte du corridor.Saint-Quentin, 31 Juillet 1850.De la Production Française en 1847. 1848 et 1849. L’administra lion des douanes vient de publier le tableau com paratif du commerce et de la navigation de la France avec ses colonies et les puissances étrangères , pendant les années 1847, 1848, 1849. Sous dus apparences arides et arithmétiques, il renferme de précieux renseiguemens sur la situation matérielle du pays, et sert à résoudre d’importans problèmes de la politi que contemporaine. En l'étudiant dans tous ses détails, on trouve la raison des principaux reviremens d’opinion que l’on a vu s’accomplir depuis trois ans. La France s’est engagée, par surprise, dans les aventures de février. C’est un fait avéré, incontesté. Mais pourquoi s’y estelle engagée? Question capitale, que nous viderons peut-être à fond l’un de ces jours, au risque de choquer d’honorables sus ceptibilités. L’heure de cet examen de conscience n’étant pas encore ve nue , bornons-nous a demander pourquoi la Nation qui venait de passer, à l’ombre du trône de juillet, quinze années d’une prospérité inouïe, est tombée si follement dans le traquenard d’un coup de pistolet ? Le document publié par l’administration des douanes va ré pondre pour nous : En 1849, l’importation des farines a été de 291 q. m. Eu 1847, elle a été de 662,079 m. En 1849, l’importation des grains a été de 6235 h. En 1848, elle a été de dix millions 319,702 hectolitres. Soit, au minimum, une différence de deux cents millions de francs que nous avons fait sortir de France, en argent ou au tres marchandises, pour parer à l’insuffisance de la récolte 1846. Si on ajoute à ce fait, indépendant du gouvernement, la li quidation de la fièvre des chemins de fer qui paraît destinée à faire son tour du monde, on aura l’explication de la facilité in grate des populations à accueillir toutes les calomnies traîtreu sement articulées par les républicains de la veille contre les amis de la charte constitutionnelle. L’importation des moutons et agneaux qui avait été , en 1847, de 106,083 têtes, est descendue, en 1848, à 66,383; en 1849, à 78,959 têtes. Au point de vue exclusivement manufacturier, les documens officiels nous permettent de constater de notables améliorations dans plusieurs branches. Ainsi, l’importation des cotons en laine qui a été de 449,091 q. m. en 1848, s’est relevée à 641,645 q. m. en 1849. Nous remarquons pour les filatures et fabriques de laine une ascension encore plus rapide. En 1848, l’importation des laines en masse s’est bornée à 04,300 q. m. En 1849, elle s’est subitement élevée à 217,961 q. m. Nous nous attachons plus spécialement aux laines et aux cotons, parce que ces deux chapitres intéressent nos lecteurs d’une manière toute particulière, et leur rendront plus accessibles ces raisonnemens un peu ardus de statistique commerciale. En mé ditant sur les résultats que nous venons de présenter, ils ver ront que, le Dix Décembre, la France a clé véritablement éclairée par un rayon d’En-Haut. Néanmoins il ne faudrait pas exagérer le mouvement de re prise dérivant des six millions de suffrages conférés par la na tion au Neveu du Grand Homme. Si la France s’est reconnue ce jour-là , elle s’est oubliée en des circonstances plus récentes. Des votes fâcheux ont été émis ; et, sans sortir de l’année 1849, croit-on que l’agitation produite par les élections générales n’ait pas contribué à la perpétuation d’arrière-pensées funestes aux affaires? Avril et mai 1849, sont deux mauvais mois pour la production nationale. Juin ne vaut pas mieux ; car c’est en ce mois là que les Ledru-Rollin, les JUsigne, les Roic/iot, les Rainer et autres représentais montagnards ont essayé d’une •nouvelle Convention, naturellement copiée sur la Convention de la première république, de lugubre mémoire. Quelqu’un croirait-il encore que de pareilles tentatives pussent se pro duire au soleil, dans les rues de Paris , sans restreindre les ressources du pays? Hélas, oui 1 On rencontre, çà et là, de malheureux ou vriers , employés dans les filatures et fabriques de notre arron dissement , qui accordent une foi naïve aux promesses men songères des Ledru-Rollimstes et des Cabétistes, Pauvres pères de jamille qui ont la bonne résolution de vivre en travaillant, mais dont 1 intelligence peu développée ne perçoit pas le piège tendu à leur bonne foi par d’audacieux agitateurs!!!... Cette influence funeste de la naïveté honnête de nos ouvriers, combinée avec l’action des pervers , se retrouve surtout dans les documens que nous étudions au chapitre des machines et mécaniques, et au chapitre des métaux. Voyons les chiffres : L’importation des machines et mécaniques s’est élevée en 1847 à 16,740 q. m. En 1849, elle est descendue à 4226 q. m. En 1847, l’importation de la foute brute a été de 959,422 q. métriques. En 1849, de 280,350 q. m. 11 y aurait matière à consolation, si on pouvait supposer que l’industrie métallurgique française a fourni une partie de la dif férence. Mais cette hypothèse n’est pas permise ; car, aujour d’hui encore, elle fait entendre les plaintes les plus vives et les plus légitimes. Nous avons sous les yeux le rapport que M. le sous-préfet de Valenciennes vient de présenter (22 juillet) à son conseil d’arrondissement. Qu’il nous soit permis de le citer : « Les espérances que nous avions conçues, l’an dernier, se sont, pour la plu part, réalisées. La confiance, en continuant à se raffermir, a réveillé les en treprises industrielles. Les transactions commerciales sont eu voie de progrès. La haute métallurgie, seule, est encore eu souffrance ; mais cette lâcheusesituation provient surtout du développement considérable qui luia été dénué, et particulièrement des retards survenus dans l’exécution ou l’achèvement de plusieurs grandes lignes ferrées, dont les tracés sont cependant déterminés depuis long-temps. Ce qui se passe dans l’arrondissement de Valenciennes se passe par toute la France. L’industrie métallurgique est en lan gueur : c’est un fait irrécusablement acquis. Pourquoi ? 11 faut bien le dire : indépendamment des causes assignés par M. le sous préfet de Valenciennes, cela tient à ce que tous les producteurs voient avec une défiance fondée approcher l’an 1852. Délai fa tal , que les auteurs du 24 février et de la Constitution ont assi gné à notre repos, et, par conséquent, à notre prospérité. On fabrique actuellement, on fait marcher les machines, on em ploie les ouvriers, on manufacture des matières premières, parce qu’il y a des commandes. Mais on ce veut pas se hasar der-dans des affaires à long terme, on ne veut pas risquer des sommes considérables dans l’achat de nouvelles machines , parce qu’on redoute, à juste raison, les terribles éventualités que l’article 45 de la Constitution fait planer sur nos têtes. Triste époque que la nôtre ! où toutes les prévisions de l’ave nir projètent de sombres présages : où les mauvaises passions espèrent, toutes , escalader le pouvoir et imposer au pays un gouvernement de leur choix ! En assistant à ce navrant spectacle , en voyant tant de ma nœuvres partiales et d’intrigues sans nom se croiser pour atti ser le feu des guerres sociales, on serait tenté de croire que la Providence elle-même nous condamne à une tranquillité sans lendemain ! Nous terminons cette revue, relativement bonne, en donnant de nouveaux calculs à l'appui de réflexions que nous avons déjà faites dans ces colonnes sur l’importante question des sucres. En 1847 , l’importation des sucres de provenance étrangère, a été de 96,261 q. m. En 1848, de 95,400 En 1849, de 188,779!!! En convertissant ces quantités en valeurs, on obtient les chif fres suivans :. Pour 1847, 4 millions900,000 fr. 1848, 5 — 2 1849, 9 —7 Il résulte de ces chiffres, que, sous l’empire de la législation actuelle, l’importation des sucres étrangers tend à s’accroître dans d’énormes proportions. Avec la législation proposée par M. Dumas, cette tendance deviendrait irrésistible. Cela vaut la peine qu’on y réfléchisse ! — On lit dans le Pouvoir : « La France est inquiète sur son avenir ; le volcan révolutionnaire, à peine fermé, vomit de temps en temps des scories ardentes ; les villes du raidi sont sys tématiquement agitées ; l’autorité met la main, à Paris, sur une cinquantaine de conspirateurs, méditant le,pillage et l’assassinat. « Que fait, en cette grave occurrence l’Assemblée nationale, chargée de sauver le pays? — Elle se fait lire des articles du Moniteur parisien, et se livre, à leur occasion, aux fureurs les plus risibles. « Electeurs, est-ce pour une telle besogne que vous l’aviez envoyée ? Candidats abrités sous l’auréoie de l’Elu du 10 dé cembre , est-ce là ce que vous aviez promis ? Les socialistes peints par eux-mêmes. Voici, d’après la Gazette des Tribunaux, de nouveaux détails sur la société secrète la Némésis : Ce fut au mois de mai de celte année que la société reçut une organisation à peu près définitive et prit le nom de la Némésis. Un verra, parles pièces que nous publions plus bas, quelles pré cautions étaient prises pour échapper à la surveillance de l’au torité et pour isoler, autant que possible, les affiliés eux-mêmes de la personne des chefs, dont les instructions devaient être verbales. Les affiliés avaient ordre de se réunir à certains jours, soit au parvis Notre-Dame , soit à la porte Saint-Denis, soit au Champ-de-Mars, et le chef de section donnait verbalement le mot d’ordre. Mais, malgré toutes ces précautions, pas une dé marche , pas un mot n’échappait à la vigilance de la police qui était informée régulièrement, et jour par jour, de tout ce qui se passait dans ces réunions secrètes. Nous avons raconté, dans notre dernier Numéro, la visite faite rue St-Victor par le commissaire de police, et nous avons dit que douze individus réunis chez un marchand de vins avaient été arrêtés. Parmi ces individus, nous avons mentionné un nommé llenricy. Cet inculpé, qui a été sous-commissaire du gouvernement provisoire, et qui se porta candidat aux. élections de 1848, a autrefois écrit dans un journal sous le nom de llenricy le ma telot. Voici le texte de quelques-unes des pièces saisies dans les di verses perquisitions auxquelles il a été procédé sur mandat du préfet de police : Statuts du tribunal révolutionnaire français un et indivisible (sic). Formule du serment. Je jure : A° une haine implacable à tout ce qui est réactionnaire, tyrannique et exploitation ; 2° De les poursuivre sous toutes les formes qu’elles peuvent prendre ; 5" De défendre, envers et contre tous , les droits imprescriptibles de la li berté, d’égalité , de fraternité ; 4° De mourir sans trembler sous le feu de l’ennemi plutôtquede révéler jamais les mystères du tribunal révolutionnaire français, un et indivisible. Nota. Les épreuves de quiuzaiue sout obligatoires avant réception détinitive. En l’an A 830 de l’ère-chrétienne et de l’an 5 de la 2e république fran çaise , une société est formée sous le titre de Tribunal révolutionnaire un et indivisible, pour combattre par son unité et sa force toute forme de gouvernement tyrannique et faire triompher par tous les moyens possibles les grande principes d’affranchissement social.Art. I. Nul ne peut être reçu dans la société, s’il u est né sur le terri toire de la république, ou naturalisé Français. Art. 2. Il devra vire présenté par deux membres anciens qui auront dé nomination de parrains , qui devront répondre du récipiendaire sur leur tête. Art. 3. Toute rupture devra être faite par les trois protecteurs, après enquête. Art. 4. Les formes de réception sont mystiques et ne seront jamais con nues que du récipiendaire. Art. 3. Les membres de la société formeront des zones de du en dix, et s’appelleront sectionnaires. Art. ti. Les sectionnaires nommeront leur chef de section par groupe do dix, et le jour de l’élection sera tixé par les trois protecteurs. Art. 7. Les chefs de sectiou procéderont de la même manière qu à 1 art. o pour la nomination de leurvhef de quartier et des chefs d arrondissement. Art. 8. Cinq membres pris par les chefs d arrondissement et nommés par eux prendront la dénomination d’indépeudaus et seront en communication secrete permanente avec les trois protecteurs. Art. !t. Les attributions du chef de sectiou sont de grouper, de comman der et de transmettre la lumière à un nombre détermine de sectionnaires. Art. AO. Celles du chef de quartier sont les mêmes vis-à-vis des chefs de section que celles du chef de section vis-à-vis des sectionnaires. Art. I i. Celles du chef d'arrondissement sont de rechercher, d'employer tous les movens propices , dans sou arrondissement ou canton , à faire réussir les projets de la" société et sou organisation , puis de les transmettre à l'ap préciation des mdepeudans. qui les communiquent aux trois protecteurs. Art. 12. Les trois protecteurs sont nommés à b majorité des independaus. Ils sout choisis parmi les citoyens les plus éclairés et les plus énergiques. Art. A3. Leurs fonctions sont d’étudier, de préparer , diriger le mouve ment général , de se mettre eu rapport avec toutes les provinces de la répu blique, pour faire triompher l'organisation révolutiounairc une et indivisi ble de la société. Art. A4. Leur nombre est fixé à trois; leur nom doit être rigoureusement inconnu de tous les membres de la société , hormis des cinq indépendans. Art. A o. La durée de leur pouvoir est d'unau , au bout duquel ils peu vent être réeligibles. Art. A(i. lu trésorier ou admiuistrateur sera nommé par zone de dix en dix sectiounaires. 11 sera révocable à volonté. Ses ionctions consisteront à encaisser et à garder les cotisations perçues par les chefs de section : il ne pourra délivrer aucune somme que sur un bon signé par les trois protec teurs, contresigné par tes indépendans et un cbet d'arrondissement. Art. 17. Toute société bien organisée , devra solidairement assistance à chacun de ses membres, soit pour cause de chômage reconnu involontaire, d'accident, de vieillesse ou d’organisation générale ; uue somme de 23 r. au moins sera versée chaque samedi soir par chacun des sectionnaires , ou -membre de b société. Art. AS. Tous les dimanches , les cinq indépendans s'aboucheront avec les chefs d’arrondissement, de quartier ou de section, et, apres délibéra tion prise eutr’eux , les cinq indépendans viendront eu réiérer aux trois pro tecteurs qui aviseront entr’eux. Art. II). Tout membre qui se présenterait dans une société quelconque dans un état d’ivrose avéré, serait immédiatement exclus, si cet état lui était habituel. 11 en serait référé immédiatement aux trois protecteurs, qui indi queront la mode de déchéance. Art. 20. Tout ordre , mot de ralliement ou de commandement devra, le plus possible, être donné de vive voix. Dépendant, si besoin était, le cachet seul de la société serait apposé en guise de signature sociale. Art. 21. Le cachet de la société représente une main tenant une lumière traversée d’un poignard. Le chiffre eu est seul connu des trois protecteurs. Art. 22 et 23. lout membre de la société susdite, après avoir adhéré aux statuts susdits , qui serait reconnu traitre , sera puni selon les rigueurs de l'iustitut sur quelque endroit de b terre qu'il se réfugiât. Tout membre qui eu suspecterait un autre pour motifs positifs devra seu lement en faire part à sou chef de section; celui-ci , immédiatement à son chef de quartier , ce dernier en fera part à son chef d'arrondissement qui le communiquera aux independaus , qui eu délibéreront avec les trois protec teurs , et, si besoin était, un conseil d’enquête serait immédiatement convo qué. Seront reconnus traîtres : A " Celui qui dévoilera à un infidèle les mystères de b société ; 2° Celui qui refuserait d’obéir à la société ; 3° Qui aurait des rapports avec la police ; 4° Qui reculerait devant le danger. Viennent ensuite les projets de décret. Forme du gouvernement provisoire. Un triumvirat est nommé. Il est responsable. La durée de sou pouvoir est d’un an , au bout duquel il rend compte de son administration à b nation. • Chaque membre doit être au moins âgé de 23 ans. Une garde civique d'honneur , composée de A ,300 boulines, est pour pro téger leurs personnes. Les officiers supérieurs doivent être pris parmi les iudépeudans. L’hùtel-de-ville de Paris leur servira do logement. Ses prérogatives. A" De faire 1a guerre et la paix au nom de b nation ; * 2° De prendre l'initiative de toute réforme sociale ; 3» Une somme de 200,000 fr. leur est allouée pour frais de représenta tion ; 4° Tous leurs arrêts sont irrévocables, et aucune loi n’a d’effet rétroactif sur eux ; 3° H nomme les divers fonctionnaires publics ; C° 11 préside et assiste à toutes les soleuuités publiques. Organisation provisoire. Six comités généraux dirigeront les ministères sous les ordres dudit trium •virâtSavoir:A° De b guerre et de la marine ; 2° De l’intérieur et du trésor public ; 3““ De la police générale de b république ; 4» De renseignement public gratuit national ; 5° Des finances ; 6° De l’extérieur ; Chaque comité est compost; de 9 membres choisis et nommés parle trium virat. Un décret réglera les formes ministérielles et bureaucratiques. Cinq commissaires généraux civils et militaires, révocables à volonté, sont nommés et répartis de la manière suivante. LTu pour les départemens du midi ; Un idem. de l’est ; Un idem. de l’ouest ; Un idem. du nord ; Un idem. des colonies j Décret» eonttitutionnels. ' 4° La sécurité de la xille est cooiiée au patriotisme et au aèle de chaque citoyen. Tout citoyen émigrant le territoire de la république ou son chef-lieu de département, ses biens sont confisqués au profit de l’état. * l*s biens des 17 burgraves , des ministres de Napoléon et de Louis-Phi lippe, des membres de la majorité de l'assemblée dont les noms suivent, sont confisqués au profit de l’Etat et sont considérés comme des propriétés na tionales.Il leur sera alloué une indemnité de2 fr. 50 pour subvenir à leurs besoins. Cette somme leur sera payée chaque jour à la chambre noire de l’hôtel des rostes. Tout parent ou ami qui serait reconnu leur donner ou faire passer de argent sera reconnu traître à la patrie et puni comme tel;. 5°, Remboursement immédiat des 45 c.; 4" Rentrée du milliard des émigrés ; 5“ La banque de Fiance est acquise à l’état et transformée en comptoir national, avec succursale dans les départemens , et prêtant à 2 1/2 p. c. ; <»" lu organe journaliste, le Moniteur ilu peuple, gratuit, est institué. —Journaux rétrogrades fusillés; 7° Afin de supprimer entièrement l’exploitation , l’expertise générale est décrétée ; 8° L’association libre est protégée par l’Etat. Toute entreprise doit être générale , et nullement particulière. La ilcshcréilation de la femme est décrétée pour supprimer l’exploitation de la chair et de la famille , et rendre à la femme son égalité ; 9" L’impôt des boissons est aboli ainsi que les droits d’entrée ; .40° L’impôt du sel est aboli, ainsi que les droits d’entrée ; 4 I" La justice gratuite est obligatoire ou décrétée ; les juges ne sont pas inamovibles et sont nommés à l’élection ; 42“ L’ensAgncment est gratuit et obligatoire dans les lycées nationaux , communaux, et institutions rurales ; 45“ Les séminaires sont abolis ; 44“ Réforme administrative ; 45“ Ra Rourse est abolie ; 4(1“ Les fonctionnaires ou employés publics départementaux ou commu naux sont nommés à l’élection ; 47° Révision immédiate du code national ; 48° Les conseils judiciaires sont abolis comme entravant les transactions ; 49° Le ministère des cultes est supprimé ; 20° Les évêques, archevêques de la république seront nommés par droit d’élection cléricale ; 21° Toutes les communautés religieuses, des deux sexes , seront suppri mées ; 22“ La république française reconnaît les nationalités polonaise , hongroise et italienne ; notification en est faite aux puissances étrangères ; 25" Déclaration de guerre à l’Angleterre ; blocus continental intimé aux puissances étrangères ; 24" Les grades de l’armée de la république sont à l’élection des soldats, jusqu’au grade de capitaine-commandant ; les autres grades seront au choix des triumvirs ; 25" Les grades de lieutenant-colonel, de maréchal de camp, maréchal de France, sont supprimés ; celui de maréchal général est seul conservé ; il n'est qu’honorifique ; 2(1" Les tous-intendans militaires sont supprimés, ainsi que les fournis seurs attitrés de l’armée ; 27" L’armée se divisera en trois corps ; l’un sur le Rhin, le second sur les Alpes , l’autre sur les Pyrénées ; 28" Tout citoyen âgé de48 à 45 ans , non marié et n’ayant pas encore satisfait à la loi, sera soldat de droit immédiatement ; 29" Lne levée extraordinaire de soldats et de marins aura lieu ; 50" Toutes les villes et les ports de mer en état de guerre ; 54“ Les corsaires civils sont autorisés ; 52“ Au bout de l’année, un appel sera fait ail peuple pour savoir quelle forme de gouvernement il est appelé à se donner ; Il sera élu à cet effet 5 assemblées souveraines composées de 500 membres, savoir : 4° Chambre d’agriculture ; 2° ('.hambre de commercaus ; 5“ Chambre d’industriels. Le mode d’élection pour les représentai» du peuple sera celui de 4er dégré dans la commune ; ils seront révocables au besoin , et celui qui aurait obtenu le plus de voix après eux les remplacerait, etc... etc... La justice instruit activement sur tous les faits qui se ratta chent à celte affaire.Travaux de l'Assemblée nationale. Séance du 27 juillet. Jtudjit de la Guerre. — Le commandant en chef de l'armée de Pari*. — Gendarmerie départementale. L’ordre du jour appelle la discussion du budget du ministère de la guerre pour l’exercice 4851. M. le général de Grammont. qui est en belle humeur , affirme que les départemens demandent à voir leurs représentai» et ne peuvent plus long temps se passer de leur présence. Il serait peut-être plus exact de dire que les départemens seront enchantés de voir l’assemblée en vacance. L’honorable orateur s’attache ensuite à démontrer que la situation actu elle est insolite: car, il ne faut pas moins de (iO,UOO hommes pour mettre l'assemblée à l'abri d’attaques farouches, M. de Grammont termine son dis cours en disant que M. le ministre de la guerre est outrepassé par M. le commandant de la première division. 11. Charras cite une pièce à l’appui de cette opinion. Cette impertinente sortie appelle l’honorable général d’Hautpoul à la tri bune. M. le ministre de la guerre. Je ne pense pas que l'assemblée soit com mente pour s’initier dans ses rapports de service et dans tout ce qui a trait au service militaire ; tout ce que je puis dire, c’qst que le ministre de la guerre connaît ses devoirs et qu’il n’y manquera pas , et que le général commandant eu chef les troupes de l’a ris est animé d’un patriotisme trop pur et trop vrai pour manquer lui-même à ses devoirs. (Marques universelles d'assentiment.) Ainsi tombent tous les bruits de conflit si chaudement accré dités par les organes du désordre. En conséquence la réduction proposée par M. Charras , sur le traitement du commandant en chef de la première division , est rejetée. L’effectif de la gendarmerie est de onze mille hommes : le crédit demandé étant de 20,881,045 fr., cela fait environ 1880 fr. par homme. M. de t'uulaincourt et soixante-cinq autres Représentai» proposent une augmentation de quatre fr. par homme pour que la gendarmerie se remonte exclusivement dans l'espèce chevaline française. 1U. de Lamorieiere appuie cette proposition. AL le général d'/Iautpoul, ministre de la guerre, expose que la gendar merie se composant d’hommes d’une taille de huit pouces au moins et de onze pouces au plus , il faut de toute nécessité qu’ils aient des montures élevces. L’espèce chevaline française peut-elle les donner ? Elle en fournit beaucoup , mais ou ne pourrait les lui demander toutes. En conséquence , M. le ministre demande le rejet de la proposition en discussion. Après quel ques explications de Al. le général de Grammont, elle est repoussée. Le citoyen / alentin, qui est un soldat élu par les socialistes , soutient un système d’insubordination à propos de la loi de 1854 sur les mises en dis ponibilité pour opinion politique. Nous ne savons quel amendement proposé parce citoyen-là, est rejeté à une immense majorité. A peine si l’on voit une trentaine d’ultris de gauche se lever pour le soutenir.C’est déjà beau coup pour ce prétendu représentant de l'armée qui ne représente que les mauvaises passions de quelques mauvais soldats en infime minorité sous les drapeaux. Séance du 29 juillet. On autorise les départemens de l’Aube et de l’Oise à s’imposer extraordi nairement. Rudget de la marine. L’enquête sur la marine n’élant pas terminée, les divers chapitres de ce budget sont adoptés après quelques réllexions du ci toyen Dairi sur les colonies. Al. de Flavignv expose qu’en décembre dernier , la république des Etatsrnis a capturé dans le port de San-Francisco quinze bàtimens appartenant au commerce français , et vendu à l’encan tout ce qu’ils contenaient. Beau coup d'tmigrans français se rendant en Californie ont été ainsi spoliés de tout ce qu’ils possédaient en ce monde. Voilà comme les républicains des EtatsLnis entendent la fraternité des peuples ! L’honorable orateur demande que le gouvernement protège nos nationaux contre de telles extorcatione. Al. le ministre de la guerre dit que le gouvernement poussait activement des réparations qui se font beaucoup attendre , et s’engagea poursuivre cette affaire jusqu’au bout. (Marques nombreuses d’approbation.) Le budget des finances est adopté sans incideus notables. Dans le cours de la séance, Al. Raroche, ministre de l’intérieur, a déposé uu projet de loi sur la réorganisation de la garde nationale. Al. É. de Girardin a déposé une proposition tendant à la suppression de l’indemnité des représentai. Le citoyen Lagrange, dont le nom rappelle de funèbres catastrophes, s'estalarmé de celle proposition ; il demande que l’indemnité soit réduite seule ment de moitié. Séance du 30 juillet. Théâtre*. — Colonie». — Chemin* de fer. Après quelques votes d’intérêt local et de crédit, on adopte à la majorité de 552 contre 494, d’urgence , la loi sur les théâtres, ainsi conçue : Art. 4tr. Jusqu’à ce qu’une loi générale, qui devra être présentée dans le délai d’une année, ait définitivement statué sur la police des théâtres, au cun ouvrage dramatique né pourra être représenté sans l’autorisation préala ble du ministre de l’intérieur à Paris , et de préfet dans les départemens. Cette autorisation pourra toujours être retirée pour des motifs d’ordre public. Art. 2. Toute contravention aux dispositions qui précèdent est punie par les tribunaux correctionnels , d'une amende de 400 fr. à 4000 fr., sans préjudice des poursuites auxquelles pourraient donner lieu les pièces repré sentées. Il a été établi dans le cours de cette séance , que, depuis 1835, il a été représenté 8540 pièces : 429 seulement oui été défendues. La discussion a porté ensuite sur le projet de loi concernant les chemins de fer de Tours à Nantes et d’Orléans à Bordeaux. AI. Sautayra a développé très-longuement un amendement sur l’art. 1er. L’assemblée s’est séparée sans rien décider. ■ Nouvelles île Paris. — Les opérations du sous-comptoir des chemins de fer ont commencé le lundi 29 juillet. Elles consisteront en avances sur dépôt d’actions et d’obliga tions de chemins de fer. Ces dépôts sont accompagnés d’un billet souscrit par l’emprunteur, à l’ordre du sous-comptoir ; la durée de ces avances n’excédera pas soixante jours. Les valeurs déposées peuvent être admises en nantissement, savoir : Les actions pour 00 0/0 au plus, et les obligations 75 pr. 0/0 au plus, de leur valeur réelle calculée d’après le dernier cours du jour qui précédera celui de l’escompte. Le taux de l’escompte est de 5 0/0 sans commission. Les bureaux du sous-comptoir sont ouverts de dix heures à deux heures, les lundis, mercredis et vendredis, pour recevoir les demandes d’escompte accompagnées du dépôt de valeurs of fertes en garantie. Le montant des bordereaux admis à l’escompte est payé le lendemain, c’est-à-dire les mardis, jeudis et samedis. L’escompte n’est compté qu’à dater du jour fixé pour le paie ment de la valeur escomptée. Les frais d’enregistrement au droit fixe de 2 28, eVde timbres, sont à la charge de l’emprunteur. Les bordereaux et tous les autres imprimés sont fournis par le sous-comptoir. — Le Président de la répub. ayant appris qu’un certain nom bre d’officiers et de sous-olliciers de la garde mobile se trou vaient en ce moment dans une situation tres-gènée, a fait re mettre ces jours-ci, pour leur être distribuée, la somme 1.000 fr. dette somme a été versée entre les mains de leurs délégués, dont le bureau central est situé rue des Marais-Saint-Ger main , 11. — La police vient encore de faire une nouvelle découverte chez un bijoutier en garni de la rue du Faubourg-St-Martin. Elle consiste en médailles à l'effigie de la république et décorations de la Légion-d’Honneur, qui diffèrent de celles de la nation par l’absence des elligies de Napoléon et d’IIenri IV, qui sont rem placées par celle de la Liberté. A la place de l'exergue : Honneur et Patrie et des deux dra peaux , on y lit : Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité ou la mort. — L’Académie française vient de décerner le grand prix Gobert de 10,000 fr. à M. Ozanam, auteur d’un ouvrage intitulé : Etudes gennanujues. — La Seine est tellement basse que la navigation est en partie suspendue. Nouvelles des Départemens. — On lit dans le Courrier de la Somme : Nous annoncions, il y a quelques jours, la nomination de M. Favas au grade de colonel du 4e cuirassiers, et nous disions que c’était justice ; aujourd’hui nous avons à enregistrer la mise à la retraite de Al. le commandant Sejournet, du même régiment. M. Sejournet a 36 ans de service effectif et quatre campagnes. 11 était chef d’escadron depuis plus de 10 ans ; il reçut la croix en 1831, et fut proposé pendant plusieurs années comme lieute nant-colonel et officier de la Légion-d’llonneur. Cette mise à la retraite nous rappelle la réponse si pleine de courage faite par M. le commandant Sejournet dans un temps où plus d’une forte tête tremblait. Le citoyen Be.rgeron, ce com missaire de si triste mémoire, arrivait à Amiens, et M. Séjour né! , courbé sous la rigide discipline militaire, en qualité de commandant de place, lui présentait dans les salons de la pré fecture le corps d'officiers. « Que feriez-vous, M. le commandant, si une collision sur* venait ici? demande Bergeron après l’échange de phrases bana les : — Je me mettrais derrière la garde nationale et la soutien drais vigoureusement, répond M. Sejournet. — Alors, reprend le commissaire, je vous laisserais dans vos casernemens. — C’est ce que vous auriez de mieux à faire dans votre intérêt, Monsieur, répliqua le brave commandant. » Nous avons encore présent à la mémoire l’effet fâcheux que produisit la question de Bergeron et la sensation profonde de la réponse qu’il s’était attirée. Répétées au dehors, ces énergi ques paroles tranquillisèrent bien des esprits et firent com prendre à tous qu’Amiens était-désormais à l’abri de ces vio lentes émotions populaires que certaines gens savent si bien or ganiser , pourvu qu’ils espèrent ne rien risquer de leur per sonne. —1 Le conseil d’arrondissement de Bergerac vient d’émettre le vœu suivant : « Convaincu de la nécessité de la stabilité du pouvoir exécu tif en France, le conseil émet le vœu que l’assemblée législa tive, après sa prorogation, décide qu’il sera procédé le plus promptement possible à la révision de la constitution. » — M. Michel Chevalier et sa famille sont arrivés il y a quel ques jours à Montpellier. — Le conseil municipal de la ville de Sens a donné collecti vement sa démission entre les mains du sous-préfet. — On a parlé dans le temps d’une pauvre petite fille brûlée par des allumettes chimiques qu’on avait jetées sur elle de la fabrique de M. Douaile. Le tribunal de police correctionnelle de la Seine a condamné ce dernier, comme responsable du fait de ses ouvriers, à 50 fr. d’amende et 400 fr. de dommages-intérêts, se fondant en outre sur ce qu’il ne surveillait pas lui-mèiuQ les personnes qu’il employait. ■— M. Azémpr, maire de Sainte-Juliette (Aveyron), vient d’être suspendu de ses fonctions pour avoir signé une pétition contre la loi électorale. — On lit dans le Journal de Fécamp: Des poursuites viennent d’être dirigées contre deux jeunes gens de notre ville, poür avoir chanté, dans un café d’Yport, le jour de l’assemblée de cette commune, une chanson séditieuse tort comme, dopt le refrain est conçu ainsi : Nous mettrons au bout de nos fusils Les Changarnier, les Radetzki, Napoléon et ses amis, etc. — M. Capo de Feuillide, rédacteur en chef de VEclaireur des Pyretmées, ayant porté plainte pour voies de fait contre le citoyen Cachan, celui-ci a été condamné à 6 jours de prison et aux dépens.M. Capo de Feuillide, qui a un nom dans les lettres, a certai nement fait preuve, en cette occurrence, d'une modération ex trême. — On lit dans le Courrier de Limoges du 25 juillet : « 11 y a quelques jours, un homme qui jouit à Limoges et partout aux environs d’une grande réputation de charité, Il Th. de M., était allé faire une promenade à cheval du côté d’Ambazac ; il est tombé et s’est assez grièvement contusionné. Comme il appelait quelques ouvriers à son secours, sept ou huit accoururent ; mais, au lieu de le secourir, ils se retirèrent bientôt en se disant ces fraternelles paroles : « Laissons-le cre ver , c’est un bourgeois. » Force a été au blessé d’attendre de nouveaux secours. Les blessures n’ont, du reste , aucun dan ger. » UN EXEMPLE DE FRATERNITÉ DÉMOCRATIQUE ET SOCIALE. On nous écrit de Saint-Sulpice d’Excideuil, le 12 juillet: « M. CHAVOIX , représentant du peuple, et M. CHAVOfX , notaire, ont prétendu que le père de Jean Roux, colon de SaintSulpice , avait acheté, il y a vingt-cinq ans, pour sept francs de sangsues au pharmacien CHAVOIX , leur père ; Jean Roux s’est refusé à,'payer une somme qu’il croyait soldée. Les CHAVOIX ont poursuivi l’affaire au point qu’il y a eu pour 135 lr. de frais, et ils viennent de faire vendre la récolte de ce malheureux et par suite de le mettre aux portes ainsi que ses enfans. « C’est par exploit de Fricout, huissier à Lanouaille, que la vente a eu lieu. » Voici la pièce authentique : a VENTE JUDICIAIRE. « Le public est prévenu que, le 14 juillet mil huit cent cin quante , jour de dimanche, à onze heures du matin, sur la place publique du bourg de Saint-Sulpice-d’Excideuil, il sera procédé à la vente aux enchères de la moitié du blé froment pendant par racines sur trois pièces de terre, contenant ensemble deux hec tares quatre-vingt-quinze ares approximativement, et situées dans les dépendances du lieu de Larivière, commune de SaintSulpice-d’Excideuil. 1 « Cette moitié a été saisie au requis de MM. Jean et JeanBaptiste-Cléinent CHAVOIX frères , le premier représentant du peuple , le second notaire, demeurant en la ville d’Excideuil, au préjudice de M. J. Roux, qui se dit François, propriétairecultivateur, demeurant, en qualité de métayer, audit lieu de Larivière. « Les pailles et semences seront exceptées de la vente, et le prix de l’adjudication payé comptant. » [Echo de J ésone.) Sacrilège démocratique et social. — Une scène scandaleuse vient de se passer dans l’arrondissement de Brioude , départe ment de la Haute-Loire. Nous la racontons brièvement, la honte au front. L’ancien maire de Brioude, un vénérable vieillard, paralysé depuis quelques années, M. Maret, est mort. Médecin depuis 30 ans, il s’était concilié l'affection des pauvres et l'estime gé nérale. Le 13 juin 1849, les socialistes préparant leurs ustensiles de meurtre, dans l’espoir que Ledru-Rolhn triompherait aux artset-métiers, avaient inscrit la maison de M. Alaret au nombre de celles qu’ils devaient piller dans le courant de la nuit suivante. La nouvelle de la déconfiture des émeutiers parisiens leur étant parvenue, ils ajournèrent l’exécution de leurs sinistres projets. Il y a quelques jours, on conduisait à la dernière demeure les restes mortels de M. Maret. De là, grande rumeur parmi les socialistes Brivadois, qui voyaient avec douleur une victime leur échapper. Un atelier de prestateur était établi près du cimetière. Un de ceux qui y travaillaient dit tout haut, entendant le son funèbre des cloches : voila le cochon qui part. Nous répétons le mot technique, pour que nos lecteurs sachent jusqu’à quel point peut aller le cynisme de ces gens-là : ces propos sans nom furent suivis de beaucoup d:autres que nous nous abstenons de rapporter. Quand le cortège passa près de ces malheureux, les amis du défunt entendirent des vociférations horribles adressées aux morts et aux vivans. M. Roux, chef de l’atelier, voulut présenter, quelques observations; sa voix fut cou verte par les plus grossières réllexions que le socialisme puisse suggérer. La Marseillaise et le chant du départ furent vociférés à pleine gorge. En vertu de ces faits, l’atelier fut suspendu et un individu tra duit en police correctionnelle. Le tribunal usant d’indulgence ne l’a condamné qu’à 6 jours de prison, 50 fr. d'amende et aux dé pens. Ce profanateur s’appelle Fouget. Quand on fera une nouvelle liste de récompensas nationales , nous demandons qu’on l’inscrive le premier. Le nouveau sous-préfet de Brioude, M. Tony Rochette, a beau coup à faire pour réfréner la faction démagogique de son arron dissement. Appuyé par une jeunesse d’élite, il peut rendre de grands services à ses concitoyens.Nouvelle# Ktrftiigère#. — Le gouvernement français, il'accord avec ceux d’Angleterre et de Rus sie , prépare des négociations pour terminer les affaires du Schleswig par une transaction. L’issue de ces négociations est plus facile aujourd'hui que les Sclilesvif;eois sont dans l’impossibilité de résister au DauemarcL II ne s'agit pas svu icment de régler quelques droits locaux, mais d'empêcher que le question ne prenue de plus grandes portions en devenant une question Allemande ou Russe. — M. Caussidière, qui, seul des réfugiés français, a laissé la politique de côté pour se livrer à des spéculations commer ciales qui sont couvertes d'un plein succès, va partir pour la Ca lifornie , afin d'y fonder un comptoir qui dépendra de sa maison de Londres. On dit que le citoyen Pornin , qui est un dégusta teur expérimenté, serait à la tète des caves de la Californie. —Voici un relevé assez curieux des établissemens, compagnies, etc., que possède en ce moment la ville de New-York. Il y existe : 30 banques, 8 caisses d’épargne, 60 compagnies d’assurances contre l’incendie ,21 id. maritimes, 26 id. sur la vie, 2id. con tre la maladie , 1 id. sur le bétail, id. contre les detteset 1 con tre les accidens, 106 journaux et 77 publications périodiques, 14 compagnies de chemin de fer, 58 lignes de bateaux à va peur, 8 lignes de télégraphes, 26 exprès, h5 hôtels, 12 ferriers. Il marchés, 55 débarcadères sur Ta rivière du Nord et 58 sur celle de l’Est, 90 ligues de paquebots à voiles, enfin 25 lignes d’omnibus, formant un ensemble de 424 voitures. On compte, en outre, dans la ville, 132 écoles publiques, 120 institutions de bienfaisance, et 233 églises.Bourse de Parle. — Du 27 au 30 Juillet 1850.3°/o5°/.Ici. de ItaliqueUieuiiu du A.Chem d’Orlé.Samedi. Lundi.. Mardi.. .58 00 58 30 58 2096 ZtO 96 75 96 802355 00 2360 00 2360 00470 00 471 25 475 00790 00 790 00 790 00Les capitalistes , confiai» dans la sagesse «lu pays , n'attachent pas d’un, imi tante aux orages de l'assemblée. Néanmoins , il ont pu croire à un con flit sérieux entre les deux pouvoirs, à l'occasion de l’article de Al. Romieu. La baisse a été de 25 c. samedi.Les cours se sont promptement relevés parce qu’on a vu le pays disposé à dire : « C’est une tempête dans un verre d’eau ; pourquoi s’en inquiéter? » Cette nouvelle épreuve a fait éclater la force du pouvoir exécutif qui se consolide par le fait seul de sa durée. ’ Le neveu du grand empereur neve pas, n’ira pas eu-devant des événentens : il les attend. Le pays en est ai fermement persuadé qu’il refuse créance eux bruits de coups d’état propagés par loe tactwts, i im i h NOUVELLES LOCALES.— Quelques amis eussent désiré qu'au moment de la discus sion de la nouvelle loi sur la Presse, nous adressassions de vives réclamations à 1 Assemblée Législative. Noos prions ces per sonnes de croire qu’avant d’adopter une ligne d’extrême modé ration en face de débats irrilans et qui touchaient de si près à nos intérêts et à notre quiétude, nous avons fait tontes nos ré flexions. Aux premières paroles prononcées par M. de Tinguy, nous avons compris que les journaux de l’ordre expieraient bientôt les fautes et les crimes des journaux du désordre. oici les réflexions que le discours de M. de Tinguv nous ont suggérées. * Le vent est au repos. A l’exception d'une tourbe impie, tout le monde veut l’ordre et la tranquillité. Que l’expiation soit légi time ou non , ce n’est pas la question. La vraie, la bonne , la seule question est celle-ci : pour avoir le repos absolu, faut-il frapper la Presse ? L’opinion a déjà répondu : « oui, frappez-la , il y va de la tranquillité publique ! » L’opinion s’est-elle trompée ? Eh bien ! quelque pénible que soit cet aveu, nous ajouterons : non 1 elle ne s'est pas trompée ; car le repos absolu que la France ré clame , est inconciliable avec la Presse telle que Vont constituée les lois du mois d’août 1848. A ce point de vue, la nouvelle loi était indispensable : au nom du repos absolu dont la nation est avide, il devenait urgent de poser le principe d’extinction de la Presse voaée au désordre. En votant cette nouvelle loi, l’Assem blée a eu, à un très-haut degré , le sentiment de la situation : elle a parfaitement compris et très-bien formulé les nécessités de notre temps. Si les journaux qui fomentent le désordre sub sistent dorénavant, ce sera la propre faute de l’administration ; car le principe d’expiation étant clairement posé, il lui ap partient d’en tirer toutes les conséquences répressives qui en dérivent rigoureusement. Considérons ceci comme un fait accompli : la nation est avide de repos; épouvantée par l’agitation révolutionnaire, elle veut l'ordre avant tout, l’ordre quand même. Dussions-nous en souffrir, nous ne nous en fâcherons pas ; car nous voulons, avec la France, l’ordre avant tout, l’ordre quand, nu me ! Quand nous avons lu la nouvelle loi, un cri de douleur s’est échappé de notre poitrine. Que nos lecteurs nous le pardonnent ! nous n’avons pu voir sans regret une liberté submergée par la marée révolutionnaire. Nous avions beau nous dire : « Elie en submergera bien d’autres ! Heureux, si, à ce prix, notre religion, nos propriétés et nos têtes sont sauvées ! >» il a fallu quinze jours pour que nous en prissions notre parti. Le temps est un impitoyable logicien : les fauteurs du gouver nement provisoire ont posé les prémisses ; il tire les consé quences. Quoi de plus juste? 11 frappe la Presse, le législateur pose le principe d'extinction des feuilles démocrates-socialistes, quoi de plus naturel ? Pour éviter le socialisme, la F rance est prête aux plus grands sa crifices. Amis de l’ordre, marchons plus que jamais avec elle ! Qui de nous ne donnerait sa liberté pour sauver sa tête ? Le légis lateur nous a dit, en confectionnant la nouvelle loi électorale : « Entre une prison et un tombeau, optez ! » Hélas! quoi qu’il nous en coûte, notre choix est fait. Le despotisme seul nous sauvera de l’anarchie. Voilà pourquoi nous approuvons la nouvelle loi sur la Presse. La liberté modérée est une si belle et si noble chose , que nous déplorerons son absence jusqu’à ce quelle nous soit ren due. Mais qu’importe, en ce moment, ce que nous regrettons et ce que nous désirons ? 11 faut avanttout délivrer le pays des an goisses et des agitations qui le torturent depuis le 24 février. Quelques personnes ont parlé à tort et à travers de l’opposi tion des journaux modérés pendant les débats de cette loi. Nous leur devons une courte réponse. La vérité est que les journa listes de l'ordre ont été scandalisés qu’un orateur à la tribune les assimilât aux folliculaires du désordre : N’est-ce pas insulter a toute justice que placer sur le même plan un rédacteur des Débats et un rédacteur de la Gueule de Bronze ? Sous prétexte d’égalité on a enveloppé dans la même répro bation les bons et les méchans ; cette disparate législative nous a choqué, voilà tout.— Nous avions raison de dire que le projet de loi sur les su cres ouvrait indirectement nos ports aux sucres raffinés des colo nies. On nous annonce que M. le ministre de l’agriculture et du commerce a effectivement l’intention de soutenir leur admission sur le marche français. — Dans notre Numéro du 11 juillet, nous avons donné une relation concernant un jeune socialiste, le nommé XValker, qui s’était embusqué aux abords de l’Elysée, dans l’intention d’as sassiner M. le Président de la république. La mère de cet individu est dans l’indigence ; Louis-Napoléon vient de lui envoyer une somme d’argent qu’elle sollicitait. C’est un trait du magnanimité digne de l’Empereur lui-même. — Les élections du canton de Neuilly-Saint-Front, pour le ( ^ljl^ d un conseiller d arrondissement f a élire en remplacement de M. Masson , de la berté-Milon, démissionnaire, ont eu lieu le U juillet dernier. Le nombre des votans est de 1,271. M. Maucollot, juge de paix, candidat de l’ordre, a obtenu 1,192 voix. — Lne instruction faite avant-hier à Nouvion-et-Càtillon a prouve que la pétition rouge contre la loi électorale , contenait une centaine de signatures fausses. Le chiffre total des si"natures ne dépassait pas 130. Les coupables qui paraissent être le lils de 1 adjoint et un sieur brazier se cachèrent dans les blés à l’arrivée de la justice. Un n’a pas pu les arrêter, —On écrit de Soissons : « Une pieuse et intéressante céré monie doit avoir lieu mardi prochain 30 juillet. Les restes mor tels de Mgr. fie Beaulieu seront transportés du cimetière Vaugirard, près Paris, dans notre ville, pour être déposés dans le ca veau des Evêques de Soissons, qui est situé, comme chacun le sait, sous'le sanctuaire de la cathédrale. Jean-Claude Leblanc de Beaulieu, ancien évêque de Soissons était né à Paris le 21 mai 1753. — On lit dans VEmancipateur de Cambrai, du 30 juillet: « Nous lisons dans notre correspondance parisienne, et nous reproduisons, en en laissant toute la responsabilité à notre cor respondant , la nouvelle ci-après : «; M*r Bégnier, ex-évêque d Angoulême, nommé récemment archevêque de Cambrai, vient fie rompre avec les doctrines de 1 église gallicane, en recevant du pape le titre de comte romain et celui d’assistant au trône pontifical. » — Le conseil d’arrondissement de Soissons s’est réuni le 22 courant. Etaient présens : MM. Périn, Obier, Tassart, Dujav Corpet et Binet. M. Perrin a été élu président, et M. Corné se crétaire. Parmi les principaux vœux émis par le conseil, nous avons remarqué les suivans : 1» fondation d’une école régio nale dans l'arrondissement de Soissons ; 2° établissement d'un marché aux laines ; 3e cours d’agriculture au collège par un pro fesseur spécial ; Z," établissemens de crédit agricole ; 5° restric tions apportées à l’usage des allumettes chimiques, dont l’abus est cause de tant d'accidens. (Ar^u*.) — Les membres du Tribunal de commerce de Chaqny ont prêté serment et ont été installés dimanche à l’audieqee du tri* iwnal civil de Laon,— Dans l'un de ncs derniers Numéros mous avions, dans un intérêt général, engagé les chefs de maison -à fermer leurs ma gasins le dimanche après-midi. Notre appel a été entendu, car voici la note que l’on nous communique à/instant: « Il rient d'être décidé par les chefs des m#isoos de noereautée de SLyueotin «fus leers magasins seront fermés à 3 heures précises de l’aprèsmidi , les dimanches et fêtes , jusqu’au 13 septembre inclusivement. » Nous invitons les chefs des autres maisons do commerce à imiter cet exemple. — On écrit de Lille : « Les arrestations continuent dans dos campagnes à propos des pétitions en faveur du suffrage univer sel. Par suite d’une enquête qui a été faite à domicile par M. le maire de Linselles, un ouvrier de cette commune a été arrêté par la gendarmerie et amené dans les prisons de Lille. On as sure que des personnes doivent encore être incarcérées à la suite des enquêtes qui ont été faites par les maires et les juges de paix. L’ouvrier de Linselles est accusé d’avoir apposé des signatures de citoyens qui, disent-ils, ne l’auraient pas autorisé à le faire. — Le Moniteur vient de publier deux décrets, en date du 27 juillet, relatifs à l’exécution des lois sur le timbre des lettres de change. des billets à ordre, des actions de Sociétés, etc., et sur le timbre des journaux. Les nouveaux timbres qui, d’après la loi, doivent être appli qués sur les journaux à partir du 1er août prochain , n’étant pas prêts, il sera fait, en attendant la confection de ces nouveaux timbres, usage des anciennes gravures correspondant à la quo tité des nouveaux droits établis par la loi du 16 juillet. Quant à la loi sur le timbre des lettres de change et des effets de commerce, elle n’est exécutoire, qu’à partir du 1er octobre, et il y a lieu de croire qu’à cette époque l’administration se trou vera en mesure d’appliquer les timbres des nouveaux modèles. GARDE NATIONALE — Ordre du jour du 30 juillet 4830. La revue prescrite par le réglement aura lieu dimanche prochain 4 août. La 4" batterie sera faite à 3 heures du matin, la 2*“. a 3 heures 5/4 , le rappel sera battu à 6 heures 4/2. A sept heures précises, l’appel sera fait dans les compagnies , qui sc ren dront immédiatement ans bataillons. La musique se réunira rue Saint-Thomas, avec le premier bataillon. La légion prendra la tenue d’été , les officiers porteront le ceinturon noir. Le lieutenant-colonel, Moxkoikxï. — Le 29, à deux heures de i’aprês-midi, M. le Commissaire de police a mis à la disposition de M. le Procureur de la république , la nommée Adèle Cardinot, âgée de 35 ans, arrêtée en flagrant délit de tentative d'as sassinat. sur la personne du jeune Jules Queoon , âgé de 11 ans , demeu rant rue île la Pomme-Rouge. Celle femme, libérée des travaux forcés, le 21 mai dernier, est sortie de la maison centrale de Clermont, et a fixé sa résidence obligée à St-Quentin. Arrivée en cette ville , elle est entrée comme domestique chez le sieur Quenon , boulanger, et, dans la journée du 29, pendant l'absence de ce dernier, elle a tenté de couper la gorge de l’enfant, à l’aide d'un rasoir. Ce petit malheureux , après une blessure de neuf centimètres de long , a eu la force de s’échapper des mains de cette furie et de gagner la rue, et après avoir reçu les premiers secours des voisins, il a été transporté à l'HûtelDieu. On espère le sauver. M. le Procureur de la république et M. le juge d'instruction ont de suite commencé l’instruction de cette affaire , et reçu la déclaration de la victime et de nombreux témoins. Après celte Information qui a duré plus de 5 heures, la prévenue a été écrouée dans la maison d’arrêt, sous mandat de dépôt. Pendant tout ce temps, plus de 400 personnes n'ont cessé d’entourer la maison où le crime avait été commis , et sans la présence dit magistrat et de la force publique, les babitans qui ne pouvaient contenir leur Indignation auraient fait un mauvais parti à l’assassin. — Dans notre Numéro de dimanche dernier , nous avons annoncé l'ar restation du nommé llippolyte Allein. âgé de 30 ans, prévenu de plu sieurs vols qualifiés ; nous donnons aujourd'hui à nos lecteurs quelques dé tails sur cet audacieux malfaiteur. Allein, né à Saint-Quentin, a subi deux condamnations en police cor rectionnelle ; enfermé d'abord dans une maison de correction. il a fini par aller au bagne pour cinq ans. Libéré de sa peine , il avait choisi sa rési dence obligée à Lafére où iJ arriva dans le courant de juin dernier. Après un court séjour en cette ville, il rompt son banc , et dès le 30 juin après-midi sa présence est signalée u Saint-Quentin par le vol commis à l’aide d'effrac tion et d'escalade , au préjudice de M. Renard-Martine , rue Urassette. On se rappelle que cet habitant, rentrant chez lui, se trouva face «face avec son voleur qui fut contraint de prendre la fuite, abandonnant une grande partie de son butin. Depuis ce jour , des vols avec escalade et effrac tion sont commis chaque semaine dans les environs : à Dallon , à Oestres , à Seraucourt, à Neuville-Saint-Amand, à Rucourt, au faubourg SaintMartin et au faubourg Saint-Jean. Partout le voleur opère de la même ma nière. Il est seul, et le signalement donné par quelques personnes qui ont pu l'entrevoir rôdant prés des habitations dévastées, se rapporte toujours au même Individu. Malgré les reeberches actives de la police et de la gendarmerie , on com mençait à désespérer de s’emparer de ce terrible malfaiteur , lorsque ven dredi dernier , le commissaire de police ayant fait déposer à la maison d’ar rêt , sous prévention de vagabondage. une tille trouvée dans une maison de prostitution clandestine, celte dernière pria le brigadier de police Pierrot de lui faire rendre une montre qu’elle avait laissée dans un cabaret de la rue du Palais-de-Justice. Ou obtempéra à sa demande, et grande fut la surprise de cet agent en reconnaissant cette montre en or à cylindre, huit tours en rubis, pour être celle volée, le lundi précédent, au sieur Dauiay , meunier à Rocourt. La tille, interrogée immédiatement, déclare que cette montre lui avait été donnée par un individu se disant marin libéré du service et avec le quel elle couchait depuis quelques nuits dans une maison de prostitution clandestine, mais qu’elle ignorait son nom. Sur le signalement donné parcelle fille, le commissaire de police ne dou tant plus que cet individu ne fût Allein , une souricière lut tendue dans plu sieurs maisons mal famées ; des battues furent faites en ville pendant toute la nuit ainsi qu’une visite daus les maisons de prostitution ; enfin, le ma tin, la présence d’Allein fut de nouveau signalée en ville. On activa les re cherches, et le brigadier de police Pierrot, entrant dans un cabaret de la place du Palais-de-Juslice, !e trouva attablé et déjeûnant. Le reconnaî tre , l’appréhender au corps, Je garroter, le conduire au bureau de police et le déposer au violon, furent pour/:et agent, l’affaire de quelques mi nutes. Pendant son court séjour au violon, Allein s’était débarrassé de son pistolet en le déposant sur un rayon. Les recherches faites par la police , depuis son arrestation , ont amené la découverte d’une quantité d’objets volés par cet individu, au préjudice de M. Renard. et surtout d'un employé de la régie, demeurant à Dallon, et achetés par diverses personnes de la ville. Monsieur le Rédacteur, Nous venons vous prier de faire connaître, par l'organe de votre estimable Journal, la réception fraternelle que nous ont faite, le dimanche 21 juillet, uns amis , MM. les Arbalétriers de la société Guillaume-Tell de Ghauoy. Nous avous été reçus par ces Messieurs à la gare du chemin de fer, et, après l’effusion des sentimens d’amitié qui unissent les deux sociétés, nous avons été conduits à travers la ville, nos bras entrelacés, nos bannières flottant l’une près de l’autre, au tir de la société. Là, pour nous plaire , nos amis avaient épuisé tout ce que l’amitié a de plus ingénieux. Lu air de fête qui réjouissait le cœur, avait été donné à leur jardin ; un mât pour le tir à l’oi seau , charmante surprise , avait été dressé au milieu d’un bosquet magni fique au milieu duquel nous trouvions de l’ombrage et du rafraîchissement. Après nous être reposés quelque temps et nous être rafraîchis, les jeux ont été ôuverts par le tira l’oiseau. 11 est impossible de dire tout le plaisir que nous avons éprouvé à ce jeu tant pour lui-même que pour l’empresse ment que les Arbalétriers de Chaouy ont mis à nous le rendre agréable. Malgré une adresse très remarquable déployée de part et d’autre, l'oiseau, quoique touché plusieurs fois, restait encore debout ; quand il fut abattu par un de ces Messieurs, il ne lui restait plus, ni tête, ni ailes, ni queue. tout avait été brisé avant sa chute. Après quelques parties au tir horizontal, ces Messieurs nous ont offert un banquet auquel présidaient la cordialité et la fraternité la plus franche. Divers testes ont été portés et développés ail désert par MM. Lefèvre et Goille-Dehail. Le banquet s’est terminé par des chansons de circonstance , chantés par ces Messieurs et par nous , et par une pièce de vers lue par M. Picard-Orrille. L’heure du départ arrivée , nous avons été conduits à la are par ces Messieurs et au milieu des regrets exprimés de part et d’autre cire obligés de se séparer et des promesses de se revoir bientôt, les deux so ciétés se sont quittées aux cris mille fois répétés de vive Chauny , vive SaintQuentin. L’empressement, M. le Rédacteur , que vous mettez toujours à accueillir tout ce qui peut constater les progrès que la Fraternité fait dans notre pays, nous es un sûr garant que vous exaucerez notre prière. Recevez, M. le Rédacteur, l’assurance de notre parfaite estime. Pour la Société Guillaume Tell de Saint-Quentin , GUILLE-DEBAIL.— Lundi soir, s 7 heures, une fcnêeewidérdÉe» prenait aux abords de l'embarcadère pour accueillir les battons de Saint-Qwntin et des envi rons qui sont allés à Paris par les d*m trains de plaisir de samedi. Le mét rais temps de dimanche leur a interdit une partie des plaisirs qu’ils s’étaient promis ; néanmoins, le retour s'est effectué avec une grande gaieté, et la plus franche cordûfité n’a cesw de régner parmi nos 1,394 compatriotes qui avaient pris plaee snr les wagons. -—Dans notre Numéro du 25 et au texte de la loi sur la Presse, intercalez, entre les articles 21 et 22, l’artide sohrant ; « Les recueils et écrits périodiques qui étaient dispensés du timbre avant le décret dn 4 mars 1848 , continueront à joeir de cette exemption. ■ Par suite d’une erreur commise dans les bureaux, le Bulletin des Lois avait omis cette clause en promulguant la loi. — Voici des détails sur le voyage d’un aéronaute qui, parti en ballon de Paris, dimanche dernier, est venu meure pied à terre dans les environs de St-Quentiu : « Parti de l’hippodrome à 5 h. 1/4, malgré une pluie battante et les sollicitations des spectateurs qui craignaient quelque acci dent pour le jeune aéronaute, M. Godard passa rapidement sur la droite de St-Denis à gauche de Gonesse ; il était à Sentis à 6 h. 5 m. ; à Verberie à 6 h. 4/4 ; à Croix-St-Ouen à 6 h. 24 m. ; à Compiègne à 6 h. 1,2 ; à Noyon à 6 h. 55 m. ; et à St-Quentin à 6 h. 40 m. « Il est descendu à Bohain, chef-lieu de canton, arrondisse ment de St-Quentip, à 5 lieues au-delà de cette ville, départe ment de l’Aisne, à 8 h. 1/4. » M. Godard, par un singulier hasard, a pu voir toutes les villes sur lesquelles il a passé, et descendre assez près du sol pour échanger quelques paroles avec les ha bilans. « Heureusement, il était assez élevé en passant entre Noyon et St-Quentin ; car, de même que dans quelques-unes de ses ascensions précédentes, des coups de fusil out été tirés sur son aérostat, mais sans résultat. M. Godard a parcouru en 3 heures 164 kilomètres , et a été reçu à Bohain par M. Àllain, juge de paix du canton, et M. Nottin-Lemaire , notaire, avec beaucoup d’amitié. M. Godard n’est arrivé à Paris que le 26 juillet à 4 h. 1/2, et s’empresse de faire réparer quelques a varies arrivées à son aérostat pour l’ascension qui a dû avoir lieu dimanche à Asnières. » — M. Bixio et M. le docteur Barrai ont renouvelé, dimanche, dans le jardin de l’Observatoire de Paris, leur ascension. Un aérostat de grande dimension a été apporté à 7 heures 1/2 du matin, et M. Dnpuis Delcour s’est aussitôt empressé de l’em plir avec du gaz hydrogène pur. Un grand nombre de savans et de curieux assistaient à cette opération, dont le succès a encore failli être compromis par le mauvais temps. Une déchirure d’un mètre et demi a occasionné une fuite de gaz et nécessité d’in telligentes réparations. Enfin les deux aéronautes sont montés dans la nacelle pour vue de tous les instrumens nécessaires à leurs observations. Ils ont emmené avec eux des pigeons voyageurs qui, en revenant à leurs nids près de l’Observatoire , apportaient de leurs nou velles. Un contre-temps a été sur le point d’empêcher le voyage aérien. La nacelle s’est accrochée un instant aux arbres d’une belle avenue de tilleuls. L’intrépidité des deux voyageurs ne s’est pas démentie; en jetant du lest, ils ont surmonté cet obstacle. Ils sont descendus à 6 h. du soir dans un village près de Châ teau-Thierry. Ils ont fait de curieuses observations sur la polarisation de la lumière ; se sont élevés à une hauteur de 7 kilom. ; le thermo mètre a marqué 37d au-dessous de zéro. — Le 28 de ce mois, une rixe violente a eu lieu dans le ca baret de Désiré Hourdequin , au Petit-Neuville, entre cet auber giste et le nommé Joseph Léonard, remplaçant militaire , ve nant de se faire recevoir par le conseil d’Arras. Ce dernier a été battu complètement par le cabaretier. On ignore la cause de cette querelle ; mais ce que nous pouvons assurer, c’est que Léonard était dans un état d’ivresse qui réclamait certains ménagemens. — La veille, la commune de Vendhuile a été mise en émoi par suite d’une querelle survenue entre les sieurs Aubry, Sau vage et Mollefroy. Ce dernier fut victime des mauvais traitemens exercés sur lui par ses deux adversaires. Son sang a coulé abondamment. Deux de ses dents manquèrent à l’appel, après la bataille. Passage de troupes. — Le la août prochain, 4e escadron du train du parc d’artillerie venant de Saverne pour se rendre à Saint-Omer. Conseil de discipline. — Le conseil de discipline de la garde nationale aura lieu, jeudi prochain, pour le 2e bataillon , et vendredi pour le l*r. — La souscription ouverte pour un monument à élever à la mémoire de Mgr de Simon y (Soissons), monte déjà à la somme de 8524 fr. 65 c. — M. le maire de Fourdrain a fait une quête dans sa com mune en faveur des malheureux iucendiés de Versigny, et a obtenu une somme de 231 fr. — On lit dans Y Echo de Valenciennes : « Nous annonçons avec regret qu’à la suite des grandes pluies survenues récem ment et mélangées de coups de soleil très-vifs, plusieurs champs plantés de pommes de terre ont montré les apparences de la ma ladie qui a frappé ce tubercule depuis plusieurs années , fléau que l’on avait lieu de croire disparu pour long-temps. Les piè ces de terre infectées sont signalées sur le territoire d’Hasnon et de Bosult ; on craint que le ravage ne s’étende rapidement dans les lieux circonvoisins. Cette apparition est d’autant plus déplorable que, cette année, on avait distribué les plantations de la pomme de terre sur une large échelle, dans l’espoir de la ré colter sans perte. » — Le 25 juillet, pendant la nuit, le feu prit à une meule de paille appartenant à M. Potel, cultivateur à Brény, arron dissement de Soissons. Cette meule, qui contenait 4,500 bottes fie paille et pouvait valoir 675 fr., fut entièrement détruite. Tout d’abord, M. Potel n’avait conçu aucun soupçon ; mais, quand on fit de plus sérieuses investigations sur le terrain, on trouva une planche sur laquelle étaient écrits ces mots en lettres rouges : Tu nous donneras 4 bichets de l’arpent de blé et G fr. de l’arpent d’avoine. Cette phrase impérative rappela à M. Potel que, la veille, dans une discussion d’intérêt qu’il avait eue avec des moisson neurs qu’il voulait engager, l’un d’eux à qui il marchandait le prix de son travail avait prononcé exactement la même phrase que celle écrite sur la plancha retrouvée auprès de la meule incendiée. Peut-être, cet indice mènera-t-il la justice sur les traces du coupable. — Le 19 juillet, un jeune ouvrier de Beaurieux trouva sur la place de cette commune un billet ; anonyme qui contenait ces « mots: Beaurieux sera brûlé et consumé pour avoir refusé l’aua mène aux pauvres. Nous mettrons le feu aux quatre coins du « pays ; nous ne craignons pas que l’oa monte la garde, car « nous sommes en grand nombre. Tôt ou tard, cela arrivera « aux grosses têtes de Beaurieux. » On se souvint que, la veille, plusieurs mendians étrangers avaient parcouru le pays en réunion. C’étaientd’abord un homme de mauvaise mine, qui s’efforçait de boiter très-bas, puis deux femmes dont l’une avait un petit enfant et l’autre vendait des chapelets et de petits livres de Liesse. Chez un particulier qui leur refusa l’aumône, ils proférèrent de sourdes menaces, et en partant, l’homme aurait dit: Vous vous en souviendrez. Le bil let saisi est entre les mains de la justice et on recherche ces misérables. Le Propriétaire-Gérant, Ad, MOUREÀU, azotohces.Etude de M'. SOYER, Avoué à Saint-Quentin, rue det Capucins. N®. il.zx* 0*/e /1 fVENTE SCR PUBLICATIONS JUDICIAIRES , cl sur baisse de-mise à prix, en l'étude et par le ministère de Af LECLÈRE, notaire à Fresnoy-le-Grand. D'UNE MAISON ET DÉPENDANCES, sises à Fresnoy-le-G rand, en la rue de Labiétte. L'adjudication aura lieu le Mardi treize Août 1850 , onze heures du matin. On fait savoir h tous qu’il appartiendra que, par suite et en exécution : 1°. D un jugement rendu sur requête par le Tribunal civil de première instance de Saint-Quentin, le dix avril mil huit cent cinquante, enregistré et signifié; 2°. Et d'un autre jugement rendu par le même Tri bunal , le vingt-six juillet suivant, aussi enregistré , Il sera procédé, aux requête, poursuite et diligence du sieur Pierre-Louis Gras, tisseur, demeurant à Fresnoy-le-Grand, agissant au nom et comme tuteur de demoiselle Marcelline-Bernardine Avril, mineure âg£e de cinq ans, issue du mariage d’entre le sieur LoulsJoseph-Rarnabé Avril. tisseur à Fresnoy-le-Grand , et la dame Marcelline Gras, sa femme , décédés, dont la mineure est seule et unique héritière , mais sous bé néfice d’inventaire seulement, ainsi qu’il résulte d’un acte passé au greffe du Tribunal civil de Saint-Quentin, le treize dudit mots d’avril, enregistré, Ayant pour avoué M*. Charles Soyer , demeurant à Saint-Quentin, rue des Capucins, nv. | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'bpt6k18342493_1', 'collection': 'French-PD-Newspapers', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '', 'title': 'None', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'French', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '11409', 'token_count': '17464', '__index_level_0__': '13159', 'original_id': '6e930c496b0a1979c836f8833e39d30516bf850ec2aa4f1107d289fcb1c6be5c'} |
The debate over whether or not to invite children can be a difficult one, especially if a large number of your potential guests have children. Many factors can play into your decision, such as the level of formality at your event, the mood you wish to maintain, and even your relationship with your friends' children. In these situations, it is generally best to make an overarching rule, rather than a case by case basis. It is likely that some people may be offended, and often knowing that it is not their children, but all children, does help to assuage their irritation. Of course, you are free to set a general age limit. Perhaps, you invite all children thirteen and older. If you do decide to not invite children, do not print this anywhere on the invitation. Rather, address the invitation to the appropriate parties. If they do not decide to RSVP appropriately, that is their issue, not yours. At that point, a family member hosting the wedding, can call them and let them know. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '31', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9679821133613586}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '15745', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:UUU33CUS3ESIJJFAMLNCZK6XO7MYQRU5', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:2339af6b-8263-48ca-a82e-972457a1f29e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 18, 5, 50, 48), 'WARC-IP-Address': '159.180.64.66', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:ADQWGJLT7OVIVOXZSHYTEVM6HIJKK6RF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:16b029dd-6bce-4d7e-a3e2-b68e77f6764d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.mywedding.com/wedding-ideas/advice/deciding-to-invite-children/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f3dccbc9-e991-4a3f-a475-ded8f6a5fd0b>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '175', 'url': 'http://www.mywedding.com/wedding-ideas/advice/deciding-to-invite-children/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-136-183-252.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-43\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.049666523933410645', 'original_id': 'eaa0ca562540306d5945f7ccf1ead9708f823d18bdbf6f72e4d209839aa04173'} |
Local man convicted of selling fake cure!
FDA never approved the medical device
FEDERAL COURT — A federal jury has convicted a San Diego man of selling an unapproved medical device that he claimed could treat a wide range of conditions and diseases with electrical currents.
James Folsom, 68, faces a possible sentence of more than 140 years in prison and $500,000 in fines for 26 felony counts. He is being jailed while awaiting sentencing on May 11.
Between 1997 and last year, Folsom sold more than 9,000 devices with names such as NatureTronics, AstroPulse, BioSolutions, Energy Wellness and Global Wellness. He distributed them to wholesalers and retail consumers.
The business generated more than $8 million in revenue over that time, according to the office of U.S. Attorney Karen Hewitt in San Diego.
Assistant U.S. Attorney Melanie Pierson said the case was the largest involving illegal medical devices that she has seen in 20 years working as a prosecutor in San Diego County.
During Folsom’s trial, which ended Tuesday in U.S. District Court, officials for the Food and Drug Administration testified that his device was never submitted to the agency for review.
Folsom is a former business associate of Kimberly Bailey, a Fallbrook woman who sold similar devices until she was sentenced to life in prison in 2002 for plotting the kidnapping, torture and murder of her business partner and lover.
Folsom’s device is made up of a small black box with dials, a digital screen and wires leading to a pair of stainless steel cylinders or metal plates. The box is plugged into an electrical socket, and a patient holds the cylinders or stands on the plates.
Marketing material found on several Web sites said the device uses electrical frequencies to destroy diseased cells in the body. It also said the device was inspired by the work of San Diego inventor Royal Raymond Rife, who in the 1930s theorized that cells could be destroyed by directing precise radio frequencies at them.
Rife believed cancers, viruses and other illnesses could be treated with the technology. He could never prove his ideas, and the medical community widely discredited his work.
Or did he? In 1934, Dr. Rife opened a clinic, which successfully cured 16 of 16 cases within 120 days. Working with some of the most respected researchers in America along with leading doctors from Southern California, he electronically destroyed the cancer virus in patients, allowing their own immune systems to restore health. A Special Research Committee of the University of Southern California oversaw the laboratory research and the experimental treatments until the end of the 1930s. Follow-up clinics conducted in 1935, 1936 and 1937 by the head of the U.S.C. Medical Committee verified the results of the 1934 clinic. In his 1953 book, Dr. Rife wrote about the cancer clinics:
“The first clinical work on cancer was completed under the supervision of Milbank Johnson, M.D. which was set up under a Special Medical Research Committee of the University of Southern California. 16 cases were treated at the clinic for many types of malignancy. After 3 months, 14 of these so-called hopeless cases were signed off as clinically cured by the staff of five medical doctors and Dr. Alvin G. Ford, M.D. Pathologist for the group.
Prosecutors said Folsom conducted business under false names to avoid detection by the FDA. He also marketed the device “for investigative purposes,” giving potential buyers a false impression that the equipment was being considered for FDA approval.
Medical devices must be reasonably safe and effective for the FDA to approve them, said Bob Gatling, head of the FDA office that maintains records on device evaluations and a witness at the trial.
The FDA’s process for assessing medical devices has come under increasing fire. Some scientists say the agency watered down its standards while President George W. Bush was in office, according to a January story by The New York Times. Congress launched an investigation into the matter in November.
-Okay now i must rant a little bit. I do not know James Folsom and or what devices he is selling, but i must tell you that Royal Raymond Rife was a scientific genius and what this reporter probably didn’t know was that Rife’s work was not just theory in fact the same newspaper San Diego Evening Tribune that wrote this story actually covered Rife’s brillant work. From the 1930’s-50’s he was in a ton of newspapers. His work made the front page several times.
Like this:
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4 Responses to “Local man convicted of selling fake cure!”
Thank you. I read about Rife years ago. Great book by Barry Lyons I believe explains the whole story of Rife.
I do not know Mr Folsom nor if he was selling actual Rife machines. We are really ready for energy medicine and it is time for Health Care to be about Health and no longer just be ‘all about the money’ as Kevin Trudeau says.
Thanks for your post
Mr. Folsom appears to have sold over 9,000 of these units according to the prosecution. However, there was not one person from those 9,000 sales that complained or said they were unhappy with their machine. The fact is that the machine actually does work – that wasn’t the issue. The issue is – did Mr. Folsom have to have FDA approval or not? The newspaper articles seem to have missed the point entirely – we have a health care technology that produces incredible results and all they report on is he didn’t file the proper paperwork before curing people. Investigate Rife technology on the web and be prepared to be in for a shock at how well this really does work. Personally, I’ve seen 1,000’s of miracle cures using these machines and it’s very sad to see what happened to someone promoting something that works so well for so many people. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e6b77d81550d0d71c7c5949aeaad6de1029e05ba413cdee685cac386bc57cf07'} |
Q:
Photon on null geodesic
If given an FRW metric
$ds^2 = -dt^2 + a^2(t)[dx^2+dy^2+dz^2]$
and for the trajectory followed by a photon (null geodesic; $ds^2=0$) with affine parameter $\lambda$, know that
$g_{\mu\nu}\,\frac{dx^{\mu}}{d\lambda}\,\frac{dx^{\nu}}{d\lambda} = 0.$
How does one find
$\frac{dt}{d\lambda} = \frac{w0}{a(t)}$?
Already found the nonzero Christoffel coeffs and the remaining geodesic equations,
$
0 = \frac{d^2x^i}{d\lambda^2} + \Gamma^i_{ti}\,\frac{dt}{d\lambda}\,\frac{dx^i}{d\lambda}
$
and
$
0 = \frac{d^2t}{d\lambda^2} + \Gamma^t_{ii}\,\frac{dx^i}{d\lambda}\,\frac{dx^i}{d\lambda}
$
with
$
\Gamma^i_{ti} = \frac{1}{a(t)}\,\frac{da(t)}{dt}
$
and
$
\Gamma^t_{ii} = a(t)\,\frac{da(t)}{dt}
$
I expect it to be pretty simple (yet not seeing it) and that the null geodesic in the $x$-direction come from something like (?):
$
ds^2 = -(dt^2)+a^2(t)\,dx^2 = 0 \rightarrow \frac{dt}{a(t)} = \pm dx
$
I also believe that $dx/d\lambda = c$ if the affine parameter is related by $\lambda = t$.
This is where I am confused and need it to move on to look at the cosmological redshift and derive the ratio of emitted and observed energies of a photon at $t1$ and $t2$.
Anything to straighten me out would be great!
A:
I'll use dots for derivative with respect to affine parameter. The FRW metric has Killing vectors $\partial_x, \partial_y, \partial_z$ each of which leads to a conservation equation:
\begin{align}
c_x &= \dot x\cdot\partial_x = a^2\dot x \\
c_y &= \dot y\cdot\partial_y = a^2\dot y \\
c_z &= \dot z\cdot\partial_z = a^2\dot z
\end{align}
which implies
$$
a^4(\dot x^2 + \dot y^2 + \dot z^2) = w_0^2, \qquad w_0^2 \equiv c_x^2 +c_y^2 +c_z^2
$$
The null geodesic equation can, as you basically point out, be written
$$
\dot t^2 = a^2 (\dot x^2 + \dot y^2 + \dot z^2)
$$
multiplying both sides by $a^2$ and using the conservation condition derived above gives
$$
a^2\dot t^2 = w_0^2
$$
which is essentially what you were looking for.
Unsolicited Advice (which has helped me enormously in research by the way)
When solving for geodesics, learn to love conserved quantities, and therefore Killing vectors!!!
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'bcb4eb467f31c338b54ff759c5ea169529318ba9c066ca38203aba158bea47be'} |
Mapping for Change
Mapping the Pathway to Equalities
There are around 30,000 Gypsies and Travellers in London. Their culture and traditions have developed through a nomadic way of life over centuries. However, across the country the community face an uncertain future. With some of the poorest social outcomes of any group in Britain the burgeoning cuts to public services will have a disproportionate effect on the community.
The lack of robust data is a key challenge to achieving race equality and there are a number of areas where gaps in evidence on Gypsy and Traveller communities negatively affect the formulation of inclusive policies to adequately meet their needs. The first step towards transformative social change is for all stakeholders in decision making processes to have comprehensive evidence, to expose inequalities and injustices, to inform policy making and to enable civil society groups to hold authorities accountable on their decisions.
Our Role
We aim to address the current gaps in data by providing an authoritative evidence-base on London Gypsy and Traveller communities, their presence, history and the inequalities and social exclusion they face. By supporting participation in the gathering of data, Gypsies and Travellers will gain greater knowledge and increased skills and confidence to campaign for a better, more equal future
With the support of the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust (JRCT), and in collaboration with the London Gypsies and Travellers charity, Mapping for Change hopes to contribute to this venture by initiating and delivering a participatory process for the co-creation of a series of innovative online interactive maps to collect, visualise and analyse valuable information on London’s Gypsy and Traveller Communities.
Related Projects
Active CiTizenship and Social Housing (ACtS)
As part of the European Commission’s Lifelong Learning Programme, Mapping for Change were chosen to represent the UK in a learning exchange project with the University of Udine (Italy) and the University of Oulu (Finland).
WeGovNow is a three year research and innovation project focusing on civic participation in local government. It aims to change the relationship between citizens and local governments, transforming the citizen’s role from customer into partner. This is to be achieved with the development of a single community engagement platform, where citizens can interact with their governments and participate in local decision-making.
InSPIRES is a EU-funded project which aims to address the information gap that vulnerable demographics can hold about the impact that air pollution has on their health. Mapping for Change works with a school in London, whereby parents and pupils will have the opportunity to monitor particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide pollution levels in and around their homes. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.920593798160553}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '34979', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:XHOVEK7VCIUEZUFAPO5I4ZVW25MLBNTB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:496ae1b4-ea3c-4a17-885e-3e201265e7ff>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 8, 16, 2, 15), 'WARC-IP-Address': '178.62.91.235', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VAIQLW4QFUEGZ3QQ6REURF6QVEMLREC2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:40babddb-75ba-4017-ae40-110c619e981b>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://mappingforchange.org.uk/projects/mapping-the-pathway-to-equalities/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0e81ce3c-f429-440c-a05d-d1f3bba865f1>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '427', 'url': 'https://mappingforchange.org.uk/projects/mapping-the-pathway-to-equalities/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February/March 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-215.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03779160976409912', 'original_id': '3f50a8e4b84c5fef222ed52bcc71619231b2b0c8c52f144b7c530022b18c63ab'} |
Micronautix Triton
The Micronautix Triton is an American 3-5 passenger sightseeing and flight experience aircraft.
Design and development
The Triton is a single engine pusher aircraft with three fuselage sections joined by a mid-wing and a Double-V shaped tailplane. Amphibian and electric hybrid variants are planned. A ballistic parachute will be integrated into the design. Under development by Micronautix, a division of Bob Smith Industries, Inc.
Specifications (Triton)
See also
North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco Twin-boom retractable turboprop
Aircraft Masterpiece http://luxebeatmag.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Triton.pdfJetGala Magazine http://www.jetgala.com/downloads/PDF-Jetgala-Magazine-Issue-21.pdfhttp://www.bsi-inc.com/triton.html
References
Category:Single-engined pusher aircraft | mini_pile | {'original_id': '8968a48b54ca9b7f3d072b4320288046fb90bcce7f91d234d83ec2f55e3d150a'} |
This invention relates generally to soft errors in computing storage devices, and more particularly, to circuitry to recover from soft errors in register files.
Soft errors are phenomena seen in electronic devices when an extraneous charge is introduced into the system, causing an incorrect value to be observed on a signal or in a storage element. Some sources of the extraneous charge may include alpha particle emission from radioactive decay in circuit packages, or neutron flux from cosmic rays or environmental radiation. Storage elements such as register files and memory arrays are particularly susceptible to soft errors due to the increased likelihood that this transient disturbance will be captured by the storage element, as compared to an event on a combinatorial circuit node, which will propagate to the next storage element downstream, but is less likely to be captured at just the right moment. Remedial schemes are used in computing devices to detect and correct soft errors. Error detection refers to the act of ascertaining that a disturbing event has occurred, while error correction refers to the process of reproducing the original, uncorrupted data pattern.
Parity bits are error detection codes used to detect the corruption of other bits within a group of bits, which they monitor, due to soft error events in static hardware resources. A parity bit contains no information as to the individual values of the bits it represents, but rather indicates whether there are an even or odd number of “ones” in the group of bits to which it is associated. If an odd number of bits within the group (including the parity bit itself and the group of bits it represents) get corrupted, the parity bit will no longer represent the even-ness (or odd-ness) of the group, thereby indicating an error. However, the original pattern of ones and zeros cannot be reconstructed purely from this knowledge alone. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '083d8265dbad755b05367216dbfcbf6db1d9982d357413c495fd63ddc48a6737'} |
/* GENERATED FILE */
import * as React from 'react';
import Svg, { Rect, Path } from 'react-native-svg';
import { IconProps } from '../lib';
function UserCirclePlus(props: IconProps) {
return (
<Svg
id="Raw"
viewBox="0 0 256 256"
width={props.size}
height={props.size}
fill={props.color}
{...props}
>
<Rect width={256} height={256} fill="none" />
<Path d="M128,76a44,44,0,1,1-44,44A43.99983,43.99983,0,0,1,128,76Zm48-12h16V80a8,8,0,0,0,16,0V64h16a8,8,0,0,0,0-16H208V32a8,8,0,0,0-16,0V48H176a8,8,0,0,0,0,16Zm45.56006,40.95605a8.00039,8.00039,0,0,0-6.64893,9.15381A89.00044,89.00044,0,0,1,216,128a87.63672,87.63672,0,0,1-22.24182,58.41016,79.7044,79.7044,0,0,0-24.431-22.97461,59.83641,59.83641,0,0,1-82.6543,0A79.70345,79.70345,0,0,0,62.2417,186.41016,87.9498,87.9498,0,0,1,128,40a89.02966,89.02966,0,0,1,13.89062,1.08887,7.99994,7.99994,0,1,0,2.50391-15.80274A104.0826,104.0826,0,0,0,24,128a103.74716,103.74716,0,0,0,33.81934,76.68066,7.94507,7.94507,0,0,0,1.32629,1.18946,103.784,103.784,0,0,0,137.71252-.00293,7.94633,7.94633,0,0,0,1.31678-1.18115A103.74751,103.74751,0,0,0,232,128a105.04749,105.04749,0,0,0-1.28613-16.39453A7.99752,7.99752,0,0,0,221.56006,104.95605Z" />
</Svg>
);
}
export default UserCirclePlus;
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/bkdev98/phosphor-react-native/blob/master/src/fill/UserCirclePlus.tsx', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'MIT', 'date': '', 'title': 'phosphor-react-native', 'creator': 'bkdev98', 'language': 'TypeScript', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '55', 'token_count': '706', '__index_level_0__': '6281', 'original_id': '73500cd6ac1050cca71276db2aec3ef9f3565bed6fde81e756efed8c4bc4b052'} |
// Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#import "ios/web/webui/crw_web_ui_manager.h"
#include "base/json/string_escape.h"
#include "base/mac/bind_objc_block.h"
#include "base/mac/scoped_nsobject.h"
#include "base/memory/ref_counted_memory.h"
#include "base/memory/scoped_vector.h"
#include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
#import "base/strings/sys_string_conversions.h"
#include "base/strings/utf_string_conversions.h"
#include "base/values.h"
#include "ios/web/grit/ios_web_resources.h"
#import "ios/web/net/request_group_util.h"
#include "ios/web/public/browser_state.h"
#include "ios/web/public/web_client.h"
#import "ios/web/public/web_state/web_state_observer_bridge.h"
#include "ios/web/web_state/web_state_impl.h"
#import "ios/web/webui/crw_web_ui_page_builder.h"
#include "ios/web/webui/mojo_js_constants.h"
#include "ios/web/webui/url_fetcher_block_adapter.h"
#include "mojo/public/js/constants.h"
#import "net/base/mac/url_conversions.h"
namespace {
// Prefix for history.requestFavicon JavaScript message.
const char kScriptCommandPrefix[] = "webui";
}
@interface CRWWebUIManager () <CRWWebUIPageBuilderDelegate>
// Current web state.
@property(nonatomic, readonly) web::WebStateImpl* webState;
// Composes WebUI page for webUIURL and invokes completionHandler with the
// result.
- (void)loadWebUIPageForURL:(const GURL&)webUIURL
completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString*))completionHandler;
// Retrieves resource for URL and invokes completionHandler with the result.
- (void)fetchResourceWithURL:(const GURL&)URL
completionHandler:(void (^)(NSData*))completionHandler;
// Handles JavaScript message from the WebUI page.
- (BOOL)handleWebUIJSMessage:(const base::DictionaryValue&)message;
// Handles webui.requestFavicon JavaScript message from the WebUI page.
- (BOOL)handleRequestFavicon:(const base::ListValue*)arguments;
// Handles webui.loadMojo JavaScript message from the WebUI page.
- (BOOL)handleLoadMojo:(const base::ListValue*)arguments;
// Executes mojo script and signals |webui.loadMojo| finish.
- (void)executeMojoScript:(const std::string&)mojoScript
forModuleName:(const std::string&)moduleName
loadID:(const std::string&)loadID;
// Removes favicon callback from web state.
- (void)resetWebState;
// Removes fetcher from vector of active fetchers.
- (void)removeFetcher:(web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter*)fetcher;
@end
@implementation CRWWebUIManager {
// Set of live WebUI fetchers for retrieving data.
ScopedVector<web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter> _fetchers;
// Bridge to observe the web state from Objective-C.
std::unique_ptr<web::WebStateObserverBridge> _webStateObserverBridge;
// Weak WebStateImpl this CRWWebUIManager is associated with.
web::WebStateImpl* _webState;
}
- (instancetype)init {
NOTREACHED();
return self;
}
- (instancetype)initWithWebState:(web::WebStateImpl*)webState {
if (self = [super init]) {
_webState = webState;
_webStateObserverBridge.reset(
new web::WebStateObserverBridge(webState, self));
base::WeakNSObject<CRWWebUIManager> weakSelf(self);
_webState->AddScriptCommandCallback(
base::BindBlock(
^bool(const base::DictionaryValue& message, const GURL&, bool) {
return [weakSelf handleWebUIJSMessage:message];
}),
kScriptCommandPrefix);
}
return self;
}
- (void)dealloc {
[self resetWebState];
[super dealloc];
}
#pragma mark - CRWWebStateObserver Methods
- (void)webState:(web::WebState*)webState
didStartProvisionalNavigationForURL:(const GURL&)URL {
DCHECK(webState == _webState);
// If URL is not an application specific URL, ignore the navigation.
if (!web::GetWebClient()->IsAppSpecificURL(URL))
return;
GURL navigationURL(URL);
// Add request group ID to the URL, if not present. Request group ID may
// already be added if restoring state to a WebUI page.
GURL requestURL =
web::ExtractRequestGroupIDFromURL(net::NSURLWithGURL(URL))
? URL
: net::GURLWithNSURL(web::AddRequestGroupIDToURL(
net::NSURLWithGURL(URL), _webState->GetRequestGroupID()));
base::WeakNSObject<CRWWebUIManager> weakSelf(self);
[self loadWebUIPageForURL:requestURL
completionHandler:^(NSString* HTML) {
web::WebStateImpl* webState = [weakSelf webState];
if (webState) {
webState->LoadWebUIHtml(base::SysNSStringToUTF16(HTML),
navigationURL);
}
}];
}
- (void)webStateDidLoadPage:(web::WebState*)webState {
DCHECK_EQ(webState, _webState);
// All WebUI pages are HTML based.
_webState->SetContentsMimeType("text/html");
}
- (void)webStateDestroyed:(web::WebState*)webState {
[self resetWebState];
}
#pragma mark - CRWWebUIPageBuilderDelegate Methods
- (void)webUIPageBuilder:(CRWWebUIPageBuilder*)webUIPageBuilder
fetchResourceWithURL:(const GURL&)resourceURL
completionHandler:(web::WebUIDelegateCompletion)completionHandler {
GURL URL(resourceURL);
[self fetchResourceWithURL:URL
completionHandler:^(NSData* data) {
base::scoped_nsobject<NSString> resource(
[[NSString alloc] initWithData:data
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
completionHandler(resource, URL);
}];
}
#pragma mark - Private Methods
- (void)loadWebUIPageForURL:(const GURL&)webUIURL
completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString*))handler {
base::scoped_nsobject<CRWWebUIPageBuilder> pageBuilder(
[[CRWWebUIPageBuilder alloc] initWithDelegate:self]);
[pageBuilder buildWebUIPageForURL:webUIURL completionHandler:handler];
}
- (void)fetchResourceWithURL:(const GURL&)URL
completionHandler:(void (^)(NSData*))completionHandler {
base::WeakNSObject<CRWWebUIManager> weakSelf(self);
web::URLFetcherBlockAdapterCompletion fetcherCompletion =
^(NSData* data, web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter* fetcher) {
completionHandler(data);
[weakSelf removeFetcher:fetcher];
};
_fetchers.push_back(
[self fetcherForURL:URL completionHandler:fetcherCompletion]);
_fetchers.back()->Start();
}
- (BOOL)handleWebUIJSMessage:(const base::DictionaryValue&)message {
std::string command;
if (!message.GetString("message", &command)) {
DLOG(WARNING) << "Malformed message received";
return NO;
}
const base::ListValue* arguments = nullptr;
if (!message.GetList("arguments", &arguments)) {
DLOG(WARNING) << "JS message parameter not found: arguments";
return NO;
}
if (!arguments) {
DLOG(WARNING) << "No arguments provided to " << command;
return NO;
}
if (command == "webui.requestFavicon")
return [self handleRequestFavicon:arguments];
if (command == "webui.loadMojo")
return [self handleLoadMojo:arguments];
DLOG(WARNING) << "Unknown webui command received: " << command;
return NO;
}
- (BOOL)handleRequestFavicon:(const base::ListValue*)arguments {
std::string favicon;
if (!arguments->GetString(0, &favicon)) {
DLOG(WARNING) << "JS message parameter not found: Favicon URL";
return NO;
}
GURL faviconURL(favicon);
DCHECK(faviconURL.is_valid());
// Retrieve favicon resource and set favicon background image via JavaScript.
base::WeakNSObject<CRWWebUIManager> weakSelf(self);
void (^faviconHandler)(NSData*) = ^void(NSData* data) {
base::scoped_nsobject<CRWWebUIManager> strongSelf([weakSelf retain]);
if (!strongSelf)
return;
NSString* base64EncodedResource = [data base64EncodedStringWithOptions:0];
NSString* dataURLString = [NSString
stringWithFormat:@"data:image/png;base64,%@", base64EncodedResource];
NSString* faviconURLString = base::SysUTF8ToNSString(faviconURL.spec());
NSString* script =
[NSString stringWithFormat:@"chrome.setFaviconBackground('%@', '%@');",
faviconURLString, dataURLString];
[strongSelf webState]->ExecuteJavaScript(base::SysNSStringToUTF16(script));
};
[self fetchResourceWithURL:faviconURL completionHandler:faviconHandler];
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)handleLoadMojo:(const base::ListValue*)arguments {
std::string moduleName;
if (!arguments->GetString(0, &moduleName)) {
DLOG(WARNING) << "JS message parameter not found: Module name";
return NO;
}
std::string loadID;
if (!arguments->GetString(1, &loadID)) {
DLOG(WARNING) << "JS message parameter not found: Load ID";
return NO;
}
// Look for built-in scripts first.
std::map<std::string, int> resource_map{
{mojo::kBindingsModuleName, IDR_MOJO_BINDINGS_JS},
{mojo::kBufferModuleName, IDR_MOJO_BUFFER_JS},
{mojo::kCodecModuleName, IDR_MOJO_CODEC_JS},
{mojo::kConnectionModuleName, IDR_MOJO_CONNECTION_JS},
{mojo::kConnectorModuleName, IDR_MOJO_CONNECTOR_JS},
{mojo::kRouterModuleName, IDR_MOJO_ROUTER_JS},
{mojo::kUnicodeModuleName, IDR_MOJO_UNICODE_JS},
{mojo::kValidatorModuleName, IDR_MOJO_VALIDATOR_JS},
{web::kSyncMessageChannelModuleName,
IDR_IOS_MOJO_SYNC_MESSAGE_CHANNEL_JS},
{web::kHandleUtilModuleName, IDR_IOS_MOJO_HANDLE_UTIL_JS},
{web::kSupportModuleName, IDR_IOS_MOJO_SUPPORT_JS},
{web::kCoreModuleName, IDR_IOS_MOJO_CORE_JS},
{web::kServiceRegistryModuleName, IDR_IOS_MOJO_SERVICE_REGISTRY_JS},
};
scoped_refptr<base::RefCountedMemory> scriptData(
web::GetWebClient()->GetDataResourceBytes(resource_map[moduleName]));
if (scriptData) {
std::string script(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(scriptData->front()),
scriptData->size());
[self executeMojoScript:script forModuleName:moduleName loadID:loadID];
return YES;
}
// Not a built-in script, try retrieving from network.
GURL resourceURL(self.webState->GetLastCommittedURL().Resolve(moduleName));
base::WeakNSObject<CRWWebUIManager> weakSelf(self);
[self fetchResourceWithURL:resourceURL completionHandler:^(NSData* data) {
std::string script;
if (data) {
script = base::SysNSStringToUTF8(
[[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
// WebUIIOSDataSourceImpl returns the default resource (which is the HTML
// page itself) if the resource URL isn't found. Fail with error instead
// of silently injecting garbage (leading to a not-very-useful syntax
// error from the JS side).
if (script.find("<!doctype") != std::string::npos) {
NOTREACHED() << "cannot load " << moduleName;
script.clear();
}
}
[weakSelf executeMojoScript:script forModuleName:moduleName loadID:loadID];
}];
return YES;
}
- (void)executeMojoScript:(const std::string&)mojoScript
forModuleName:(const std::string&)moduleName
loadID:(const std::string&)loadID {
std::string script = mojoScript;
// Append with completion function call.
if (script.empty()) {
DLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to find a module named " << moduleName;
script = "__crWeb.webUIModuleLoadNotifier.moduleLoadFailed";
} else {
script += "__crWeb.webUIModuleLoadNotifier.moduleLoadCompleted";
}
base::StringAppendF(&script, "(%s, %s);",
base::GetQuotedJSONString(moduleName).c_str(),
base::GetQuotedJSONString(loadID).c_str());
_webState->ExecuteJavaScript(base::UTF8ToUTF16(script));
}
- (void)resetWebState {
if (_webState) {
_webState->RemoveScriptCommandCallback(kScriptCommandPrefix);
}
_webState = nullptr;
}
- (web::WebStateImpl*)webState {
return _webState;
}
- (void)removeFetcher:(web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter*)fetcher {
_fetchers.erase(std::find(_fetchers.begin(), _fetchers.end(), fetcher));
}
#pragma mark - Testing-Only Methods
- (std::unique_ptr<web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter>)
fetcherForURL:(const GURL&)URL
completionHandler:(web::URLFetcherBlockAdapterCompletion)handler {
return std::unique_ptr<web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter>(
new web::URLFetcherBlockAdapter(
URL, _webState->GetBrowserState()->GetRequestContext(), handler));
}
@end
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '1f3f0a7fe331b4fd52703b5b02803f65b39beaea19771acf78ffaaec7b306ecb'} |
## Hands-On Time
---
# Packaging Kubernetes Applications
## Installing Helm
---
```bash
# Only if MacOC
brew install kubernetes-helm
# Only if Windows
choco install kubernetes-helm
# Only if Linux
open https://github.com/kubernetes/helm/releases
# Only if Linux
# Download tar.gz file, unpack it, move binary to /usr/local/bin/.
cat helm/tiller-rbac.yml
kubectl create -f helm/tiller-rbac.yml --record --save-config
```
## Installing Helm
---
```bash
helm init --service-account tiller
kubectl -n kube-system rollout status deploy tiller-deploy
helm repo update
```
## Exploring Helm Charts
---
```bash
cd ../go-demo-3
ls -1 helm/go-demo-3
cat helm/go-demo-3/Chart.yaml
cat helm/go-demo-3/templates/deployment.yaml
cat helm/go-demo-3/values.yaml
helm package helm/go-demo-3 -d helm
```
## Upgrading Charts
---
```bash
HOST="go-demo-3.$LB_IP.xip.io"
echo $HOST
helm upgrade -i go-demo-3 helm/go-demo-3 --namespace go-demo-3 \
--set image.tag=1.0 --set ingress.host=$HOST --reuse-values
kubectl -n go-demo-3 rollout status deployment go-demo-3
curl http://$HOST/demo/hello
helm upgrade -i go-demo-3 helm/go-demo-3 --namespace go-demo-3 \
--set image.tag=2.0 --reuse-values
```
## What Now?
---
```bash
cd ../k8s-specs
helm delete go-demo-3 --purge
kubectl delete ns go-demo-3
```
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd459f8e0d2484ffe61e15c8fc1a30013d51a820286b9a58ff879bc8b3f87c821'} |
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><title>Tungsten.js</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="css/all.1474436653000.css"/></head><body><div id="layout"><div id="menu"><div class="pure-menu"><a class="pure-menu-heading" href="index.html" id="menu-toggle">Tungsten.js<span class="menu_toggle"></span></a><ul class="pure-menu-list top-menu"><li><a href="index.html" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-section">Docs</a><ul class="pure-menu-list"><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="views.html" class="pure-menu-link">Views</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="templates.html" class="pure-menu-link">Templates</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="models.html" class="pure-menu-link">Models</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="components.html" class="pure-menu-link">Components</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="debugger.html" class="pure-menu-link">Debugger</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="patterns.html" class="pure-menu-link">Patterns</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="tutorials.html" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-section">Tutorials</a><ul class="pure-menu-list"><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#Hello%20World" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Hello World</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#Derived%20Props" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Derived Props</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#Debugging" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Debugging</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#TodoMVC" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">TodoMVC</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#Views%20&%20Context" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Views & Context</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#Events" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Events</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="tutorials.html#Components" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Components</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="sandbox.html" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-section">Sandbox</a></li><li><a href="examples.html" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-section">Examples</a><ul class="pure-menu-list"><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="examples__dbmonster-component.html" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">DBMonster</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="examples__drag-and-drop.html" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Drag & Drop</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="examples__svg.html" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">SVG</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="examples__web-components.html" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">Web Components</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="examples__todomvc.html" class="pure-menu-link js-tutorial-select">TodoMVC</a></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="pure-menu-list bottom-menu"><li class="pure-menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/tungstenjs" class="pure-menu-link">npm</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/wayfair/tungstenjs" class="pure-menu-link">GitHub</a></li><li class="pure-menu-item"><a target="_blank" href="http://engineering.wayfair.com/" class="pure-menu-link">Wayfair<br>Engineering</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="main" id="appwrapper"><div class="content">
<h1 id="views">Views</h1>
<p>Views in Tungsten.js use the standard Backbone view API, along with a few added features such as child views and extended event handling. Each view's model is inferred from the template.</p>
<h2 id="child-views">Child Views</h2>
<p>Child views of the app view are defined via a <code>childViews</code> hash on the view constructor, with the key being the class name of the child view and the value being the constructor for the child view. Note: these class names must be prefixed with <code>js-</code>.</p>
<pre><code class="hljs">BaseView.extend({
<span class="hljs-comment">// [...]</span>
childViews: {
<span class="hljs-string">'js-child-view'</span>: ChildView,
}
}</code></pre><p>The <code>js-</code> class name for the child view must be a descendant element of the current view. If the element doesn't exist, the view won't be rendered (until the element does exist, so mustache conditionals can be used to hide and show views). If there are multiple descendant elements for the child view then Tungsten.js will render the view for each element. If this is because mustache is iterating through a collection, then each of these views will have the model of the collection as its scope (see next section).</p>
<p>Unlike the app view, child views should not set their own template.</p>
<h2 id="scope-this-model-">Scope (<code>this.model</code>)</h2>
<p>Tungsten.js will automatically infer the scope of the model for this child view as it traverses the template to build out the initial state. If the child view element is wrapped in <code>{{#myModel}}{{/myModel}}</code> where <code>myModel</code> refers to a property on the current view's <code>this.model</code> that references another model (see <code>relations</code> hash), then that child view's <code>this.model</code> will be <code>myModel</code>. If the child view element is wrapped in <code>{{#myCollection}}{{/myCollection}}</code> where <code>myCollection</code> refers to a property on the current view's <code>this.model</code> that references another collection (see <code>relations</code> hash), then Tungsten.js will create a child view for each rendered element, and each of those child views' <code>this.model</code> will be the relevant model from <code>myCollection</code>.</p>
<p>Usually this inferred scope is the expected behavior for the application. However, it can be overridden by replacing the child view constructor with an object which has two properties: a key <code>scope</code> with the value being the string referencing the property name for the scope, and a key <code>view</code> with the value being the child view constructor.</p>
<pre><code class="hljs">BaseView.extend({
<span class="hljs-comment">// [...]</span>
childViews: {
<span class="hljs-comment">// for each 'item' model in the 'items' collection</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// render a new 'js-child-view' using the ChildView</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// this.model in the each view will be the corresponding item model</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'js-child-view'</span>: ChildView,
<span class="hljs-comment">// render the data in the property 'meta' using</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// MetaView with 'js-meta' as the views element</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'js-meta'</span>: {
<span class="hljs-attr">scope</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'meta'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">view</span>: MetaView
}
}</code></pre><h2 id="event-handling">Event Handling</h2>
<p>Events are defined with the standard <a href="http://backbonejs.org/#View-events"><code>events</code> hash</a> API when using the Backbone adaptor. If a selector is passed in the event key, however, it can only use a <code>js-</code> prefixed class selector. This optimizes performance when delegating events because under the hood, unlike Backbone, Tungsten.js provides its own event delegation system. By default, all events are delegated from the document. Special events can also be handled by an <a href="https://github.com/wayfair/tungstenjs/tree/master/plugins/">event handler plugin</a>.</p>
<h3 id="special-events-built-into-tungsten-js">Special Events Built into Tungsten.js</h3>
<p>These events are available by default in any Tungsten.js view.</p>
<ul>
<li>Window bindings - Adds an event binding to the window<ul>
<li>Bindable by prepending <code>win-</code> to any event that the window fires (primarily scroll or resize, and height/width/scroll values are cached to prevent repeated reads)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="usage-examples">Usage Examples</h4>
<pre><code class="hljs">View.extend({
<span class="hljs-comment">// [...]</span>
events: {
<span class="hljs-comment">// standard click event</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'click .js-bar'</span> : <span class="hljs-string">'doSomethingOnClick'</span>,
<span class="hljs-comment">// window scroll event</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'win-scroll'</span> : <span class="hljs-string">'doSomethingOnScroll'</span>,
},
});</code></pre><h3 id="special-events-packaged-with-tungsten-js-">Special Events Packaged with Tungsten.js:</h3>
<p>These events are included in Tungsten.js's NPM module but must be loaded
explicitly.</p>
<ul>
<li>Intent Events (<code>tungstenjs/dist/tungsten.event.intent</code>) - limited to a subset of events that can be "cancelled". The handler will be called n milliseconds (default 200ms) after the initial event if it is not "cancelled"<ul>
<li>Bindable by appending <code>-intent</code> to one of the following events and configurable using the eventOptions hash</li>
<li><code>mouseenter</code>, <code>mouseleave</code>, <code>mousedown</code>, <code>mouseup</code>, <code>keydown</code>, <code>keyup</code>, <code>touchstart</code>, <code>touchend</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Outside Events (<code>tungstenjs/dist/tungsten.event.outside</code>) - Adds an event binding to events firing outside of the element<ul>
<li>Bindable by appending <code>-outside</code> to any event type</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Directional swipe events (<code>tungstenjs/dist/tungsten.event.touch</code>) - exactly what it sounds like<ul>
<li><code>swipeup</code>, <code>swipedown</code>, <code>swipeleft</code>, <code>swiperight</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Submit Data (<code>tungstenjs/dist/tungsten.event.submit-data</code>) - Adds an event binding to form submit events with the form's serialized data passed as the second parameter of the callback (uses <a href="https://github.com/defunctzombie/form-serialize">form-serialize</a>)<ul>
<li>Bindable by using the <code>submit-data</code> event type</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Document bindings (<code>tungstenjs/dist/tungsten.event.document</code>) - Adds an event binding to the document with delegation still working as expected<ul>
<li>Bindable by prepending <code>doc-</code> to any event type</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="packaged-event-configuration">Packaged Event Configuration</h4>
var tungsten = require('tungstenjs');
var focusEvents = require('tungstenjs/dist/tungsten.event.focus');
tungsten.addEventPlugin(focusEvents);<h4 id="usage-examples">Usage Examples</h4>
<pre><code class="hljs">View.extend({
<span class="hljs-comment">// [...]</span>
events: {
<span class="hljs-comment">// standard click event</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'click .js-bar'</span> : <span class="hljs-string">'doSomethingOnClick'</span>,
<span class="hljs-comment">// mouseenter-intent event (see corresponding eventOptions object)</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'mouseenter-intent .js-foo'</span> : <span class="hljs-string">'doSomethingOnHoverIntent'</span>,
<span class="hljs-comment">// outside event</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'click-outside .js-foo'</span> :<span class="hljs-string">'doSomethingOnOutsideClick'</span>,
<span class="hljs-comment">// submit data event</span>
<span class="hljs-string">'submit-data .js-form'</span> : <span class="hljs-string">'setData'</span>
},
<span class="hljs-comment">// eventOptions hash to override default custom event options</span>
eventOptions: {
<span class="hljs-string">'mouseenter-intent .js-foo'</span>: {
<span class="hljs-comment">// intentDelay defaults to 200ms; override to 100ms</span>
intentDelay: <span class="hljs-number">100</span>
}
}
});</code></pre><h2 id="lifecycle-methods">Lifecycle Methods</h2>
<h3 id="-postinitialize-"><code>postInitialize</code></h3>
<p>Any logic that should happen in the view's initialization should be done in a <code>postInitialize</code> method on the view. Never override <code>initialize</code>. If extending a view that already implements <code>postInitialize</code>, consider adding <code>MyView.prototype.postInitialize.apply(this);</code> in the extended view's <code>postInitialize</code> method (where <code>MyView</code> is the view being inherited from).</p>
<h3 id="-postrender-"><code>postRender</code></h3>
<p>In Tungsten.js, <code>render</code> is an implementation detail, and generally logic shouldn't rely on whether or when a view is being rendered. From the view perspective, it's hard to rely on or predict when <code>render</code> will actually be called.</p>
<p>That being said, there are times when it's necessary to know when a view has rendered. For example, a view might need to access its height and width after it's rendered in order to apply some customized styling. For these edge cases, the <code>postRender</code> function is made available, and this is called synchronously after the DOM is updated (nb: but not necessarily before a browser reflow is completed). Alternatively, the view will fire a <code>rendered</code> event immediately before <code>postRender</code> is called.</p>
</div></div></div><script src="js/all.1470083030000.js"></script></body></html>
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Hyundai Santa Fe
9 Nov, 2004 1:23pm Paul Bailey
Confusion reigns with Hyundai's 4x4 range. The Korean maker introduced its first off-roader, the Santa Fe, three years ago. Then came the Terracan, and finally the Tucson.
It's difficult to see the point of the Santa Fe now Hyundai has launched a smaller 4x4. It fits awkwardly in the range, as it's larger than many compact SUVs, yet smaller than most full-sized models. The driving experience is nothing special, but some buyers will be swayed by the car's impressive warranty and equipment.
The problem is, all three are similar in price and size. This makes choosing which SUV to go for very difficult - especially when you consider the myriad of engine and trim level choices that overlap across the three line-ups.
But now, Hyundai is hoping to address the issue with a facelifted Santa Fe, which arrives in showrooms next month. The newcomer features bigger headlamps and a flatter nose, while the wheelarches are squarer and the lower body protection moulding less prominent. The external changes tidy up the car's appearance, distancing it from the Tucson and Terracan and spreading out the range in the process.
In theory, it's a great idea, but in practice the Santa Fe's styling is still far from conventional - it's a look you'll love or loathe. Furthermore, the new range will be much smaller than before; although that isn't as bad as it might sound.
GSI spec has been dropped to avoid overlap with the Tucson, and the 2.4-litre petrol engine has also fallen by the wayside. That leaves only two powerplants and one trim level, while prices have risen by £1,000 in order to position the Santa Fe slightly higher in the market than its smaller sibling.
But this increase doesn't come without a sweetener. The CDX trim carried over from the previous model has been improved, and buyers now get cruise control, a front windscreen de-icer system, heated seats and mirrors, leather, six airbags and a trip computer, all of which were either absent or optional on the outgoing car. Hyundai says this kit is worth £2,250; the only question is whether buyers are willing to pay for it.
There's no arguing that the car is well equipped, though, and the Korean maker's five-year warranty is bound to prove a hit in this country.
Apart from the cosmetic enhancements and improved trim, the Santa Fe is little different to its predecessor from the driver's seat. The interior is better, with a new leather-bound steering wheel and gearknob, plus aluminium-finished rings around the dials. On the road, the Santa Fe is able, but not amazing. The 2.0-litre CRTD diesel engine doesn't offer much in the way of performance, but refinement is improved over the previous car, and it's a reasonably relaxing companion at motorway speeds.
The ride is no worse than average for this class, and the handling is tidy enough. But our biggest criticism is the steering - the Hyundai's wheel lacks feel at anything above town speeds, and while its lightness might be an advantage for squeezing into tight spaces, the car loses composure at pace.
Despite the price rise, the Santa Fe is still good value, but those quirky looks will be enough to put off many buyers.
Key specs
* Facelifted Santa Fe also comes in 2.7-litre V6 petrol guise
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Why It’s Still Hard To Trade With Bitcoins In Banks
Cryptocurrency like bitcoin is the future, and its success globally is shown through ICOs and other industries slowly investing in its trade is the proof of that. It’s the currency of the future that is not limited to a piece of metal coin, paper or plastic bills, and yet you can become rich in it if you just know how it works and sadly not all people knows how it works. While it offers unlimited potential, not being simple makes it hard for people to invest in them, it’s even much easier to explain how the circulatory system works or how the brain functions than explain cryptocurrency.
The way the word works now is that it’s divided with bitcoin believers and non-bitcoin believers. And for a very good reason, unlike the currencies that are being traded that people can easily be analyze, bitcoin, altcoins, etherium, satoshis and other cryptocurrencies are hard to gauge and not to mention its not a very easy investment to get into. It’s hard to get an investment, and it’s also hard to monetize it and be converted into a known currency like a dollar.
bitcoin believers
Banks are non-believers: Even if there are, a lot of people millions even that has invested their hard earned money for bitcoin, their banks aren’t. Banks are more skeptical than other people when it comes to investments and bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are still in its early days that they still can’t consider going with it. What you need to know is that banks don’t see the future most of the time, they wait for from other industries to become a guinea pig before they make their decisions.
Why there are skeptics: In the case of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, even if there are a lot of people that are heavily invested in it and not to mention many companies are also building their backbones with cryptocurrency and left their company’s survival on cryptocurrency, banks still see it as something that is shallow, unsure, not needed, a risk that they aren’t willing to take, probably because they cant control bitcoin, no one can, it’s anonymous and your supposed to just live with that and continue to trade it. That fact alone makes more skeptics than believers, the only reason why people go for it is because its a good alternative investment potential and that’s it.
Its like opening Pandora’s box: The fact is not all cryptocurrency investors knows a lot about bitcoin, some care, some don’t, the thing is if you’re not a very technical person to understand cryptocurrency it will just be like opening pandora’s box. Search cryptocurrency online and you will get millions of search results and none of them will give you a direct answer to your questions, just some little snippets that you need to tie all together and get more questions than answers that you can chew.
“No one cares”, about the technicalities of bitcoin, that’s how bitcoin and non-bitcoin investors see it. They just see it as something that they can get money from out of mining and that’s it, there is only a very small number of people that knows all about it and most of them are hidden, whether they are becoming millionaires or not no one knows. This nature of anonymity, a process has more potential than anything but as you know with most companies, institutions, industries they want a direct answer and cryptocurrency doesn’t work that way. This is the reason why its still hard to get banks to trade cryptocurrency. But there’s a light at the end of the tunnel because there are bitcoin friendly banks in the US that you can go to right now. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9680876135826112}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '42654', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ITHWW4PBRVUUS3HKKHWLK4RUCDU76YZL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f70e7ea1-bffd-429f-bc74-fcf52ba748b9>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 23, 19, 29, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.15.89.42', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:O2CMOLK5AIXAK2IWXAODGUXJVC6PKZNE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6f087a06-ba59-467e-8df8-4c7856aa9b7a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.profilmode.com/why-its-still-hard-to-trade-with-bitcoins-in-banks/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:add5bec3-c170-41bc-8d6b-b2ea305fc0bc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '627', 'url': 'http://www.profilmode.com/why-its-still-hard-to-trade-with-bitcoins-in-banks/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-61-111.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.9164912700653076', 'original_id': '4f242d959822ea71a4e8229ceabc8267c5aeefcb584e382b5aa0bcb98ea4b42d'} |
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccination
Japanese Encephalitis?
Japanese Encephalitis is a serious brain infection caused by a virus passed to humans from the bite of infected mosquitos. . These mosquitos are found mainly in South East Asia and the Far East. Whilst Japanese Encephalitis infection in most cases causes a mild illness, in about 1 in 200 people it progresses to the brain and causes fever, headaches, seizures, vomiting leading to death in about 1/3 of these cases and permanent brain disability in a significant proportion of others. There is no cure currently available for Japanese Encephalitis. Most infections with Japanese Encephalitis occur throughout Southeast Asia and the Far East during the rainy season (May-October) and mainly in rural areas although cases have also been seen in urban areas throughout the whole year .
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccination (Non-live)
The vaccine is licensed for use from the age of 2 months, and older. It is given as two injections; the second injection is given 7- 28 days after the first. Full immunity takes up to a month to develop. A booster dose is then due depending on the previous schedule and risks related to further travel.
IXIARO vaccine
Japanese encephalitis distribution
Geographic distribution of Japanese encephalitis virus ®CDC
Back to Top | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9252600073814392}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '64155', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Y6QUHVK2NM7VY567FFDJDADA3ZN7J5EK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:be515ef5-c5d7-4e05-8e3f-64b4309340a6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 18, 6, 27, 6), 'WARC-IP-Address': '217.160.0.80', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5JLFNNPVFLDAJZXVOLWSDNLNUE6L2PQG', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d87139fc-7b94-4bb0-ace9-e8430c296ec6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.fit2fly.aero/service/japanese-encephalitis/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d4ef9adc-7ad8-41ce-96da-61aa544b2397>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '202', 'url': 'https://www.fit2fly.aero/service/japanese-encephalitis/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-05\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-245.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.051272451877593994', 'original_id': 'fd71cf4cdb865d2f047048a8bc702c103baf98259edccd67b96836f9d4b8f428'} |
Puerto Rico considers fining parents of obese children
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) – Legislators in Puerto Rico are debating a bill that would fine parents of obese children up to $800 if they don’t lose weight.
The bill aims to improve children’s wellbeing and help parents make healthier choices, Sen. Gilberto Rodriguez said in a statement issued Monday.
Public hearings for the bill are scheduled to begin Friday.
If approved, public school teachers would flag potential obesity cases and refer them to a counselor or social worker, depending on the severity of the case. Health Department officials would then meet with the parents and determine whether the obesity is a result of bad eating habits or a medical condition. They also would create a diet-and-exercise program combined with monthly visits to ensure it’s being followed.
After six months, officials would evaluate the child again, with parents possibly facing between $500 and $800 in fines if the situation does not improve within another six months to a year.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control defines childhood obesity as having a body mass index or above the 95th percentile for children of the same age and sex.
Several doctors including the president of Puerto Rico’s chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics have spoken out against the measure, saying it is unfair.
More than 28 percent of children in Puerto Rico are considered obese, compared with some 18 percent in the U.S. mainland.
Copyright 2015 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '9a91155ef7d1602506d221d3c62de20cec80b792fe2ac0814fc5edd28907371c'} |
Wednesday, February 28, 2018
A rebuttal to: Why I reject a Young Earth
I love Cross Examined and highly recommend their ministry. However, that does not make them infallible. So here is some comments on a post they made.
In response to this article:
Why I Reject A Young Earth View: A Biblical Defense of an Old Earth - Cross Examined - Christian Apologetic Ministry | Frank Turek | Christian Apologetics | Christian Apologetics Speakers
The three main subtopics of that article:
1. The proper interpretation of Genesis One.
2. The question of the fall of man, human sin and its consequences.
3. The scale and scope of the Flood of Noah.
Regarding subtopic 1: Genesis 1:1,2
The writer is starting with a false assumption that the English language bible is the proper language to critique the bible in. Genesis 1 was originally written in Hebrew, so his point about a perfect tense verb has no value. Hebrew has no verb tenses. See here:
Also, creating the universe and stars, but not creating light until much later!?
"(This is of course illogical, for why should God create light in Genesis 1:3 if stars were already shining brightly?)"
There is a lot of information in the syntax article I link to above, including references to Exodus and Jesus' words in Mark 10.
Another reason to read Genesis 1:1-2 without a gap:
Regarding Subtopic 2: death before the fall
The writer seems to leave out his logic for arguing why death preceding the fall is important for his view to be correct. Normally you only need death before the fall in order to argue for evolution and survival of the fittest. However, Cross Examined does not support macro evolution. I believe their article is trying to say that the earth may have existed lifelessly for billions of years between verses 1 and 2. If true, this would allow for an old earth and Genesis 1 to co-exist. So why try to posit pre-fall death?
I will try to respond still.
"Some type of death and degradation preceded the fall."
"The Tyrannosaur was a machine designed for killing."
Dinosaurs are not always what they appear:
"Then we have the fact that the names of the animals which Adam named prior to the Fall have connotations of violence."
Not so fast. See here:
a quote from that article: "The names in the Hebrew Bible for specific animals came after the Flood."
"As I said previously, Adam did not die physically on the day that he ate of the tree, but lived a full life afterwards."
A better translation would have said: "… for when you eat of it you will surely begin to die."
see here:
Regarding subtopic 3: The Flood
There is a ton of good biblical articles regarding the flood here:
They do a much better job than I at showing why the flood should be taken literally and historically.
The writer of "Why I reject a Young Earth" does not make a watertight argument against the flood in his three paragraphs.
Regarding the reading of Genesis 7:19:
Genesis 7:19, which reports that “They rose greatly on the earth, and all the high mountains under the entire heavens were covered.”
Even if we allow for "on the earth" to be ambiguous between the entire earth or just the known earth, what about the later portion of the verse that says, "under the entire heavens"? To draw the conclusion that the author of this verse did not mean the reader to understand this as referring to the whole earth is difficult when two separate sections of the verse seem to indicate the whole earth. This verse could have said "under heaven".
"Moreover, it must be borne in mind, the Hebrew word for mountains, har, is a general term referring to any geologic relief, from a small hill up to a towering peak"
I would think that the word "high" before the word mountains would make it clear which meaning of har is being used, but that is just me. Maybe that is too simple and I missed something?
It seems to me that the author of Genesis 7:19 went to great lengths to be clear. Stating things twice and using adjectives to make sure you knew how tall the mountains were.
Sunday, February 25, 2018
Children Do Not Inherit Faith Automatically
So many parents are scared that their child will ask a tough question and they won't have the right answer. This is backwards. You should be much more scared that they will ask someone else the tough scary questions in life. If you want your children to follow in your faith, and maybe even be stronger in their faith than you, then you should encourage them to ask questions. Even if you have no information on a topic and you get caught off guard, you can still respond positively. Here are some sample ways to respond for a topic that you might not know much about.
**** Example Conversations *****
Child: Hey Dad/Mom what do you think about [insert tough question here]?
Parent: That is a good question! Thank you for asking me that question. This is a topic I would like to learn more about too. How about we buy a book / contact the youth pastor / research this together?
Child: Hey Dad/Mom I am not sure I believe in Truth/God/Jesus/Christianity/Going to Church/etc...?
Parent: That is great that you are asking yourself this question. Thank you for sharing your doubts with me. This means you are starting to develop your own beliefs instead of just borrowing them from me and mom. We should believe what is true, not what our parents say is true. How about we start seeking the truth together?
Saturday, February 17, 2018
Learning to Defend Your Christian Faith
Here are some curriculum and courses I recommend if you want to learn to defend your Christian faith. If you are not ready for a course yet, checkout the links on my resources page and start reading.
Be warned: If you take one or all of these studies/courses, you will be able to sound rational, reasonable, logical, and intelligent when someone challenges you about why you would be foolish enough to follow a blind religion like Christianity.
Worldview Curriculum
I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist
The Truth Project
To counter this slide within the body of Christ, Focus on the Family has launched one of the most ambitious and powerful projects in the history of our ministry - The Truth Project.
We believe this one project represents the possibility for exponential change within the body of Christ; millions been transformed by this curriculum. As it has been throughout history, God continues to call ordinary people to make an eternal difference in our world.
Redeemed Roytalty: Prove It
It is no secret that the Church is having some trouble communicating to the modern culture. A lack of understanding and difficulty translating biblical truth into modern language and context has resulted in a mass exodus from the Western Church. Each year, more and more people are falling into "Post-Christianity" - either rejecting the Church, God, or both. This book is designed to help believers better understand the language and presuppositions of contemporary culture, as well as the arguments for God's existence and the reliability of the Bible. Readers of this book can expect to find answers to questions of faith and reason, belief and disbelief, science and religion, and much more. This book will help you learn the art and science of understanding and articulating why you believe what you believe.
Course Link -
Related Book - CIA
CIA is an intense three-day program where you will learn how to present I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist—which involves four main topics: Truth, God, Miracles and the New Testament—and how to answer questions about those topics in a hostile environment. During those three days, in addition to hearing lectures and participating in discussions, you will be asked to present a portion of I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist and answer questions from several instructors including Frank Turek, Greg Koukl, Richard Howe, J.Warner Wallace, Brett Kunkle, Sean McDowell, Bobby Conway and others.
Recommended after you have already completed the study: I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist
Course link - | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '183', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9460855722427368}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '85823', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:R63RTEUIX5XJDQJX7AUARVNK77GAPU6J', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:32eb5dcb-8797-4416-a577-f645e61e3e59>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 20, 12, 47, 26), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.164.147', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JFLMG73BVE5Z4E2GAFYF2RQRZXNVWBW5', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:633812f3-cb8b-4258-8d21-46eb2d9b1f73>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.seektruthnow.com/2018/02/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ae365904-b67a-42d7-a127-1c16d788e03e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1542', 'url': 'http://www.seektruthnow.com/2018/02/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-141-45-27.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03000551462173462', 'original_id': 'a6944d0e7474a5868618b45328565a629f3378fbf089653de8b9e31debe10e81'} |
Charge compensation assisted enhancement of photoluminescence in combustion derived Li+ co-doped cubic ZrO2:Eu3+ nanophosphors.
Red light emitting cubic Zr0.99Eu0.01O2:Li+ (0-9 mol%) nanoparticles are synthesized by a low temperature, self-propagating solution combustion method using oxalyl di-hydrazide (ODH) as fuel. In this study, we report systematic investigation of the effect of lithium ion (Li+) concentration on the structural properties and the photoluminescence of zirconia. With increasing lithium concentration, the crystallinity of the samples increases and the lattice strain decreases. The higher crystallinity is likely due to charge compensation achieved by replacing one Zr4+ ion by a Eu3+ and a Li+ ion. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) reveal a mesoporous structure characteristic of combustion derived nanomaterials. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra show that the intensity of the red emission (606 nm) is highly dependent on Li+ ion concentration. Furthermore there is a promising enhancement in the associated lifetime. Upon Li+ doping, the PL intensity of the samples is found to increase by two fold compared to the undoped sample. Variation of PL intensity with Li+ concentration is attributed to the differences in probability of non-radiative recombination (relaxing). Intensity parameters (Ω2, Ω) and radiative properties such as transition rates (A), branching ratios (β), stimulated emission cross-section (σe), gain bandwidth (σe × Δλeff) and optical gain (σe × τ) are calculated using the Judd-Ofelt theory. The calculated values suggest that in optimally co-doped samples, in addition to improved crystallinity and charge compensation, the lowering of Eu3+ site symmetry and the increase in the covalency of Eu-O bonding due to interstitial Li are responsible for the observed enhancement in PL intensity. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '3a02509348656bc9e7a4e72eca3a981e1866d8bb63048ec2ceb3465a2b64b10f'} |
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Pointers, yes, but the formula for success is elusive
Despite the contrary impression they like to convey, there's a lot economists don't know. And in various parts of their discipline fads and fashions change without much real progress being made. Take development economics, the study of how countries develop economically, growing their production and consumption of goods and services until they move from being poor to being rich.
Economists have specialised in the study of economic development since the end of World War II. How can a country accelerate its growth and wealth creation to move from a low-income agrarian economy to an industrialising middle-income economy and proceed to a post-industrialising high-income economy? And what are the respective roles of the public and private sectors in this transformation?
In 2006 the World Bank set up a commission to report on growth and development, noting the "increasing evidence that the economic and social forces underlying rapid and sustained growth are much less well understood than generally thought; economic advice to developing countries has been given with more confidence than justified by the state of knowledge".
The sad truth is that, since the war, only about 13 countries have made the transition to being high-income economies, with many progressing from the bottom only to get caught in the "middle-income trap".
In the early period after the war the dominant view among development economists was highly distrustful of markets and so highly interventionist.
"It held that the market encompassed insurmountable defects and that the state was a powerful supplementary means to accelerate the pace of economic development," Lin says. "Many development economists then advocated that the state overcome market failures by playing a leading role in the industrialisation push, directly allocating the resources for investment and setting up public enterprises in the large modern industries to control the 'commanding heights'."
These "structuralists" believed international trade couldn't be relied on as an engine of growth because any attempt to increase exports of commodities would simply worsen the developing country's terms of trade. They argued that the way for a developing country to avoid being exploited by developed countries was to develop domestic manufacturing industries behind high tariff barriers, a process known as "import substitution".
These attitudes continued to dominate until it became apparent they weren't working. In the 1980s, the pendulum swung to the opposite extreme. The "Washington consensus" - so called because it was enthusiastically adopted and imposed by the Washington-based international agencies, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank - emphasised macro-economic discipline (limited accumulation of government debt), a market economy and openness to international trade and foreign investment.
But this "neo-liberal" approach fared little better. "In terms of growth, employment generation and economic stability its results were disappointing, and some economists referred to the 1980s and '90s as 'lost decades' for developing countries," Lin says.
He says the main reason it failed to deliver was that it relied on an idealised set of market institutions - including well-functioning commercial laws and social norms of behaviour - which hardly existed in developing countries and weren't fully present even in the advanced economies.
Get this: when you look at those few countries that have moved up the industrial and technological ladder, you find they "have rarely followed the policy prescriptions of the dominant development paradigm of the time.
"Most successful developing countries ... have expanded their manufacturing bases and moved into more sophisticated industrial products by defying conventional wisdom. In their development process, they pursued an export-promotion strategy instead of an import-substitution strategy ...
Lin argues there's no simple, uniform formula for developing countries to follow. The strategy they adopt has to be adapted to their peculiar circumstances. Even so, the World Bank's growth report does identify five "striking points of resemblance among all highly successful countries".
First, they made the most of globalisation, importing ideas, technology and know-how from the rest of the world and exploiting global demand, which provided an almost infinite market for their exports.
In some countries, such as Hong Kong, the administration chose a laissez-faire approach (though it also had quite a number of sectoral policies), whereas in others the state was more hands-on, intervening with various tools (tax breaks, subsidised credit, directed lending) in the world of business to help private firms enter industries they might not have otherwise considered. The growth report also identified a series of "bad ideas" to be avoided by policymakers in their search for economic growth.
The list includes subsidising energy, using employment in the civil service to reduce joblessness, reducing budget deficits by cutting spending on infrastructure investment, providing open-ended protection to domestic firms, imposing price controls to stem inflation, banning exports for long periods, resisting urbanisation, measuring educational progress by the increase in school buildings, ignoring environmental issues as an "unaffordable luxury" and allowing the exchange rate to appreciate excessively.
It's clear Lin is a very bright chap and his book offers a valuable and balanced account of the progress and present state of development economics.
Like so many economists, he simply assumes the ecosystem away.
Twitter: @1RossGittins | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '513', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9519647359848022}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '52104', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:F6TDWRNH2YBSS34LN5HE4B5NSN6AIAUH', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c2de9e1a-ffca-40bc-8524-0f06aa038630>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 2, 4, 32), 'WARC-IP-Address': '223.252.40.81', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:R2RDNTM4TN5LZXSEVD5R6XL3HE7HDDPA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:80e3dbba-3e2a-4258-b5d9-c5315f18c8ec>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.investsmart.com.au/News/News/33225', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:75adbcf4-79e2-406b-a285-f9e68219e3e5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1092', 'url': 'http://www.investsmart.com.au/News/News/33225', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07605564594268799', 'original_id': '94bf753ec855b616ea5c1322817f62180a268a8920e45bb7a865f6a392dbd9b8'} |
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• 9 minute Read
Why Salesforce’s New Equality Chief Is Thinking Beyond Diversity
Tony Prophet says employees need to know, “Are you standing for my rights when I step outside my workforce?”
Why Salesforce’s New Equality Chief Is Thinking Beyond Diversity
Photo: Noah Berger/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Tony Prophet is a man on a mission.
The 58-year-old equality chief, whose career has taken him from exec roles at Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard to now being in the C-suite at Salesforce, has a drive to not only create an inclusive organization but also one that stands as a beacon for equality.
Since taking on the role of chief equality officer seven months ago, Prophet hasn’t been one for the typical slew of media interviews or speaking engagements. Dressed in a Salesforce BOLDforce T-shirt and jeans when I meet him, he prefers collaborating with his team to advance Salesforce’s efforts to improve equality throughout the 25,000+ employee company, not to mention in the communities where they live and work–whether that has to do with gender, sexual identity, race, religion, or national origin.
Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff and Prophet snapping a selfie together.Photo: courtesy of Salesforce
Currently, the company’s employees are 2.4% African-American, 3.9% Hispanic or Latino, 23.9% Asian and Indian, and the majority 64.8% White. Meanwhile, globally, the company is made up of 30.1% women, with 19.4% women on Salesforce’s leadership team.
However, for Prophet, the work is about more than just numbers. Family is also a major motivation. As the proud father of an LGBTQ son, he admits he’s been on a journey the past few years to understand, empathize, and empower. “It’s been personally important,” Prophet tells Glassdoor in an exclusive interview (where this article originally appeared). “It has been remarkable for the company to be on the vanguard of standing up as a corporation and executive leadership to say we’re going to stand for what is right. To say, ‘We’re going to stand on the right side of history.’”
Tackling issues including pay equality, transgender protections, and human rights work, both Prophet and Benioff see the goal as singular: “to drive the Age of Equality.”
On a rainy day at the company’s San Francisco headquarters, Glassdoor’s Amy Elisa Jackson sat down with Prophet for a wide-ranging conversation about his career journey, diversity in tech, and his surprising connection to Magic Johnson.
Glassdoor: You’ve been in the role about six months. How’s it going? Has it been like trying to drink from a firehose?
Tony Prophet: It has been more like “Hallelujah.” I’m so thankful to have made this decision. It is the perfect time in my career and I think the perfect time in the history of the company. I’ve been around the company for six-plus years, coming to Dreamforce, watching their remarkable work. I also knew Marc Benioff before accepting the role so the transition has felt natural. It has been exciting.
Glassdoor: What makes the timing perfect?
Prophet: To be at a company that is still growing, that is still led by founders is just unique. The fact that Salesforce can be a business while also being a platform for doing social good is relatively unique and maybe even singular.
Glassdoor: Marc and his team have already launched powerful initiatives that are changing the discourse around social good and philanthropy. Why was your role an imperative?
Prophet: There is certainly more to do in the industry. We have work to do on gender diversity. We have work to do on underrepresented minorities. We have work to do to make the industry look like the communities where we operate and the customers that we serve.
Glassdoor: Career experts say that each new job should be a logical next step that speaks to a larger career narrative. What has been your narrative?
Prophet: At HP, I was very much focused on human rights issues, also very much focused on the environment. I thought that if we set a benchmark or standard in the industry that the whole ecosystem would follow. It was the power and the beauty of working for an industry leader with this gigantic supply chain, which at that time was greater than $50 billion. You had real impact on what is happening across the industry. You could have real impact on labor practices in China and things like conflict minerals in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Glassdoor: And now?
Prophet: Salesforce has been a beacon in the industry on social issues. The actions that we have taken on LGBTQ equality, as well as pay equality, have been things that have been on the cutting edge. It’s great to be in a company that is widely watched and that people perceive as a leader on these issues. It gives me a great sense of responsibility.
Glassdoor: Your title is chief equality officer, which is a departure from the industry norm of “head of diversity” or “chief diversity officer.” In your eyes, what is the difference between equality and diversity?
Prophet: Diversity is absolutely essential, and we have work to do that, but once you have diversity you’re not done. Then you have inclusion where you’re really getting the very best out of every employee. When you have an inclusive environment, you feel seen, you feel included, and you feel valued. You feel like you can bring your whole self to work. That is a competitive advantage to have a larger pool of talent. When you get ideas from people with different perspectives, the result is the beauty and the melding of their ideas, which adds to the complexity of the mosaic.
Equality goes beyond that. “Equality” asks the questions, “Are you standing for my rights when I step outside my workforce? Are you fighting for equality for me?” Naturally, companies are going to stand for equality and nondiscrimination in the workplace. That is imperative. We are also dedicated to standing for equality in the communities where we serve, not just our own interests but for the interests of our customers, the interests of our partners, and for the interests of our employees and their families. That added dimension goes beyond pure diversity and inclusion internally and goes to why we came up with the notion of this being an equality role versus diversity and inclusion.
Glassdoor: If you had to break up your day or time into a pie chart, what would the sections be? How do you allocate your work time?
Prophet: One of the paradigms at Salesforce is the notion of ordinal ranking, this comes from our V2MOM process. For us in the Office of Equality, the number-one priority where I spent 30%, a quarter of my time, would be empowering our Ohana Groups. Our Ohana Groups are the backbone and the muscle and the fiber that carries the company’s equality culture forward.
In parallel, we work on increasing the diversity and representation of the footprint of the company. The third, and this goes hand in hand with the Ohana Groups, is a focus on the culture and making sure that the culture feels inclusive. The fourth in parallel and importantly are the equality efforts outside the company. We’re doing all those four things.
Glassdoor: How has that work been tested or challenged under a new presidential administration?
Prophet: While I won’t comment specifically on the current administration, we’re in uncertain times in the nation and the world. One of the things that we’ve done specifically is we’ve convened Ohana Circles. We have gathered folks together a couple of times over the last few months inside the company to have an open space for people to express and process how they’re feeling and for people to listen to them, see them, and respect them in a way that is nonpartisan and in a way that respects all views.
We worked really hard to make these things very respectful and constructive, not provocative. I’ve been so amazed at the personal storytelling and the empathy that has developed and the tears shed. That is how you grow and learn, by inviting people that aren’t necessarily aligned with you to hear your story.
Glassdoor: How do you measure success around equality, diversity, and inclusion?
Prophet: We publish our diversity numbers on an annual basis. We have an employee survey with specific questions about the culture and the notion of inclusion. We look outside the company as well. We have social listening tools to understand the outside dialogue about whether people see an alignment between our strategy, our brand, and the actions we take.
Glassdoor: Salesforce just launched an Equality vertical on the site. What went into that strategy?
Prophet: It’s about telling the story beyond the numbers and showing the Ohana Groups so that people outside the company can understand what we’re doing and what we’re proud of. We’re proud of the Ohana Groups. We’re proud of every facet of diversity. Now, we’re thinking about how to evolve the site to make it a continuing destination with rich, contemporary content.
Glassdoor: Diversity goes beyond black and white for you. Talk to me about your passion for LGBTQ issues and inclusion.
Prophet: It’s been personally incredibly important. It’s been part of our family’s journey in a profound way for about seven or eight years. My son is a proud LGBTQ advocate and a member of the LGBTQ community. I’ve been on this journey with my son as a father and I’ve come a million miles on that journey with all the things that I have learned and seen through the eyes of my son how it feels to be LGBTQ.
When you hear statistics, there are abstract numbers—thousands and millions. But when you see one person that you love and you’re putting yourself in their shoes, you see how they’re experiencing life and the things that they celebrate and the things that cause them great heartache, how it feels, those are things that change your life.
Then you multiply it by the thousand and the millions. There are millions of people out there that are feeling that same thing. Once you start taking that first step in the journey of putting yourself in the shoes of others, then it’s much easier to take that next step and the next.
For the company, these are important issues. It has been remarkable for the company to be on the vanguard of standing up as a corporation and executive leadership to say we’re going to stand for what is right. We’re going to stand on the right side of history on these issues. That gives me pride and confidence in the culture of the company and makes me just thrilled to be a part of this.
Glassdoor: The last one is a fun one we ask all execs: What was your first job and what did you learn from it?
Prophet: I grew up in Lansing, Michigan. By coincidence, I know that you have interviewed Magic Johnson [for the cover of Ebony magazine]—Magic and I went to junior high school together, Dwight Rich Junior High School. He was 15 and already had the nickname Magic, and I was recruited out of high school to go to General Motors Institute, which doesn’t exist anymore. My job was to wash the cars of the executives when they came to the wash rack. I told myself I’m going to be the best car washer that they’ve ever seen. They’ll get into that car and I’d make sure that the ashtray would be sparkling, I’d clean all the little dust in the wheels, the license plate frame.
Glassdoor: That’s a rare drive for a teenager.
Prophet: I said to myself, if I’m the best car washer then next I’ll get a better job. Whatever I am given, I’m going to be the best. I’m not going to complain, I’m going to do my best.
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One particular terrific massage strategy that you simply can do for your partner
Como agrandar el pené
One particular amazing massage approach that you just can do for your companion is termed raking. Raking means that you spread your hands out, and using your fingertips, you rake up a single side of the back proper by the spine even though you rake downward on the other side along with your other hand.
If you ever are already feeling especially stressed out, it just may possibly be time for you to have a soothing massage. Massages are certainly not only useful to loosen up you mentally but physically also. It aids to advertise circulation and loosens up your muscular tissues. Allow go of some of your stress which has a massage.
When you endure from recurring muscle soreness, invest inside a guide on trigger points, or go see a massage therapist which can educate you about neuromuscular treatment. Tiny knots, referred to as set off points, come about in tight muscles. These set off points can refer soreness as well as other symptoms to several components of your physique. A book on trigger stage therapy, or perhaps a skilled massaeuse, can teach you tips on how to massage these painful points away.
When going for a massage, retain an open mind regarding the operation. If it’s your primary time getting a massage, chances are you’ll come across a number of the tactics or approaches unusual. Really don’t allow this dissuade you from enjoying on your own. Relax and let the massage specialist do their job while in the way that serves you most effective.
Pregnancy might be particularly difficult in your body over the program of nine months. Carrying the additional weight from the child can lead to aches and pains in places that you by no means knew existed. Treating yourself to total physique prenatal massages can be just the matter to have you feeling far more like oneself again.
Como hacer crecer el pené
Hydrate oneself effectively for forty-eight hrs ahead of your massage. Quite a few people are aware that heavy water intake following a massage is great for flushing the body of harmful toxins and assisting with sore muscular tissues. Consuming ample water just before the massage will substantially increase the impact on the massage and its purging capabilities.
Maintain the room at an outstanding temperature all through the complete massage. If you ever are offering a massage throughout the winter, try and possess the heat on to ensure that important things will not be unpleasant. On the other hand, if its pretty sizzling outside, preserve the air conditioning on at a reasonable level.
Stretch ahead of you visit get a message. This can assistance to loosen you up only a tiny bit prior to hand so that your massage therapist can immediately locate any issue places that you just may possibly have. When you have excessive soreness you could possibly not prefer to do that, otherwise it is actually a fantastic idea.
If you want to provide a brief massage, give consideration to focusing just within the feet. The feet provide you with a modest location to massage that has a wealth of benefits. Feet have a lot of nerves and strain points, and so they hold the fat from the complete entire body throughout the day. Commit fifteen minutes massaging the feet and truly feel the main difference it gives.
Providing an awesome massage is all about feeling out your companion. The right massage therapists will let you know that you just need to have to let your hands read through the body. Comply with the bodies curves and lighten pressure when you go more than bony locations. Modify the shape of the hand to match during the curves in the body.
Be certain your massage region is no cost from any loud noises. If you have got a ton of website traffic noise perfect outdoors or screaming households following door, then it’ll be tough for any individual to chill out. And massage is almost nothing but soothing to its fullest. In case you desire to, move to a quieter location or opt for a numerous time of day once the noise is just not so prevalent. .
Soon after you give a massage to another person, ensure that they take a warm bath. This may guide to even further the result with the massage and soothe the muscle tissue all the more. After this particular person takes the bath, they may really feel much more refreshed and looser then they ever had in their total life.
Be sure that your massage therapist is registered within your state. In case your massage therapist is not really appropriately registered and insured, then you are in danger of currently being left to fend for by yourself if they have been to bring about injury for you during their perform. Do not fret about currently being rude, request for proof to ensure that you can be confident that you are in accountable hands.
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Best Text Editors - tpimental
http://lifehacker.com/385929/best-text-editors
======
spydez
IMO, emacs wins just for it's sheer flexibility.
Yeah, it sucks at first, but if you're a professional text wrangler, you owe
it to yourself to try to master one of the big two (emacs or vim)...
I kept trying out emacs, getting scared off, trying it out again, scaring away
again... But I always came back because other text editors annoyed me with
their lack of ability to do exactly precisely what I wanted.
With emacs, whatever I want to do... It's just another line of lisp in .emacs.
Or sometimes another package in .emacs.d and another line in .emacs...
~~~
j2d2
I don't think it sucks much at first at all... Most people I know that have a
hard time with emacs don't want to learn anything fancy and think the arrow
keys are fine for navigation. Let them watch you program for a few minutes and
they'll be so impressed that they'll happily learn the new commands. OR,
they're not cut out for technology anyway...
~~~
kaens
I had a bit of trouble with it at first, until I realized that I was supposed
to be pulling it apart and making it bend to my every editing whim.
The combination of keyboard-focused editing, on-the-fly extensibility, and
decently thorough and clear documentation has made emacs my editor of choice
for just about everything.
Not to mention that you can get a constant source of ideas to code to keep
yourself sharp, if that's your sort of thing.
------
dkokelley
Now I'm not much of a programmer, so the answer may be obvious to some of you,
but why wasn't SciTE on the list? It's lightweight and does everything I need
it to. Maybe the others are just so much better than the rest.
<http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html>
~~~
berryg
I am using SciTE again. I recently installed Ubuntu 8.04 and started using
GEdit. But, I was really annoyed with the text selection in GEdit (programming
in Python) and I missed replace within selection in GEdit. So, I switched back
to SciTE.
------
es
As for me I just love TextMate. "E" is a good alternative on Windows platform.
~~~
aggieben
Emacs works nicely on Windows now too, and with a decent installer.
------
truebosko
I have used pretty much all of those and then some (e, EditPlus, Komodo, etc)
over several years and the best the only one I finally fell in love with was
VIM.
Actually decided to use Vim cause my "e" trial expired and I have never looked
back. Been using it for a few months and text editing is so fluent, easy and
intuitive despite the strong learning curve. Take an hour or so each day (or
every few days) and do a chapter on the 500 page Vim book.
------
bporterfield
EditPlus is a good one for windows development
------
mikeryan
Been using UltraEdit for years and still love it on the PC, using TextMate on
my Mac. I'm a bit surprised BBEdit isn't on there - it seemed to be the
perennial fav for mac users for years.
~~~
whacked_new
How does UE compare to TM? I have never used TM before, but apparently E is
the one to compare with? I was a diehard UE fan for a couple of years.
------
maxklein
What's wrong with using an IDE like eclipse or Visual Studio? That's what I
do.
~~~
byrneseyeview
From the article: "From managing our to-do lists and writing code to jotting
ideas and keeping a grocery list, nothing beats a solid plain text editor." Do
you write all your text in an IDE?
And: <http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=72774>
~~~
maxklein
I write code in an IDE and other text in notepad. I've never felt the need for
any other type of editor. Those fit my needs quite alright.
~~~
byrneseyeview
C-x b is my notepad.
~~~
LogicHoleFlaw
:tabnew is mine.
------
jamongkad
Vim on my linux box. InType if I have to drop down to Windows.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '32f8eaa7dff0a67a1ed52b0767135abc1f33afaa9b6f501252da778019f8c678'} |
The Magic Of Touch
Posted on 18 Nov 2013
The magic touch of Tantric massage
The world we live in is dominated by our senses; what we see and what we hear creates the multi-dimensional image around us. Walking down the high street we hear the sounds of people talking and smell the fresh food being cooked in the markets. Believe it or not, our senses are ever adapting to suit the environment in which we live with the consequence that some senses grow stronger as demand increases whilst other senses become redundant as they become surplus to requirement. One sense that is greatly following this trend is touch, and its importance in daily life. For centuries people have used touch to communicate with each other and create feelings of pain, warmth, security and immense pleasure. We haven't lost this ability, but we are losing it!
Looking back to previous civilisations and comparing it to our own, you can look at what was truly important to those people. We are living in an age dominated by sight and hearing, which is why the entertainment industry is the largest business in the world. This was not always the case. For centuries people have understood that the true meaning of happiness comes from the energy that we have inside all of us, which can be emphasised, minimised and even transmitted, as long as you know the secrets of how to do it. It is no surprises then that massages, spiritual rituals and exercise routines were heavily associated around the feel of touch and the transmission of energy between two people, and in some cases, spiritual energy from Mother Earth or from God.
This ability to transmit energy between people has not been lost somewhere in time gone by. All it takes is a relaxed open-minded person and a skilled masseur/masseuse who knows what he/she is doing. I have spent many years researching and practising various techniques in an attempt to understand how they work and to use them in my massage. Many people are quite sceptical about the benefits of Tantric massage to transmit such energy despite such knowledge dating back to ancient times and I believe it is incredibly naive and narrow minded of people to simply dismiss such practices on the grounds that such concepts do not fit with their perception of how the universe and nature works.
Modern medicine is finally beginning to accept the health benefits of massage and incorporating them in the treatment of many different recovery processes. I personally think it's an outrage it has taken this long, and you will still find people who refuse to believe its health benefits. Why I ask, just because it doesn't come in pill form why can't it be good for you? I have given a lot of massages over the years and I have seen the positive impact it has on peoples' life. From improving physical ailments, to improving sensitive psychological issues and yes I'll say it, improving peoples' sexual ability. Should I be embarrassed about this? Hell no! The amount of people that feel insecure about their sexual problems and do not seek advice or help would really surprise you, yet I have experience of drastically improving and even irradiating such personal issues as premature ejaculation and sexual naivety. I for one will not feel embarrassed for helping people to enjoy to their sex life again.
If you would like any information about any of the issues I have raised in this article please get in touch either through my site or directly by phone and I will be happy to provide you with more information about me or any of the service that I offer. Isn't it about time you took the time to improve your life. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9744901061058044}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '15621', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:44Z3SNZWOT5SOZFMSJLAO2SMPNPGVVE6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7bef5bfe-aa76-4d56-b80c-a449f5765145>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 5, 22, 14), 'WARC-IP-Address': '80.90.197.120', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:4JQDQWHVGB7SGNIHWTOUFDQKNX5KGRTN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:370ee5ea-c0b6-43c1-9a4f-bd871b183f11>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.tantralising.co.uk/blog/article/the-magic-of-touch/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:eb9525ed-5bb8-499d-a2e4-3d5e437c665a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '631', 'url': 'https://www.tantralising.co.uk/blog/article/the-magic-of-touch/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-149-156-229.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03980213403701782', 'original_id': '3555245fee8308b127d806c972476f5e191561c47ccb74e145935660495be630'} |
Q:
Javascript & audio in HTML5 - Delay after the first 'play()' call
I have a problem with this very simple HTML5 + Javascript code. It attempts to play a sound directly after it has been loaded.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>Test page</title>
</head>
<body>
<audio src="freedom.wav"
id="audio1"
preload='auto'
onloadeddata="alert('the sound has been loaded !'); document.getElementById('audio1').play();"
></audio>
<input type="button" value="Play it again !" onclick="document.getElementById('audio1').play();" />
</body>
</html>
As you can see, I'm loading a sound with the HTML5 audio tag. Once the sound is fully loaded, the event "onloadeddata" is launched and executes the Javascript code. This code prompts an alert window and starts playing the sound immediately. The alert() call is there to visually notify me that the sound has successfully been loaded.
But here is the problem : the play() call works, but the sound is played SECONDS after the apparition of the alert() window. This delay is problematic to me, as I would like to have an indicator that tells me when the sound is actually ready to be played immediately. And it appears that "onloadeddata" doesn't meet those requirements.
Note that once the first play() is successfull, I suffer no delay in further play() calls. I could verify this with the "Play it again!" button : the sound is played immediately after clicking on the button, one the first play() has passed.
Could anyone tell me if there is a solution to this delay at the first call of play() ? Or is there a way that can tell me when the sound can actually be played ?
I'm on Google Chrome.
Thank you very much !
A:
Ok the problem is actually well defined.
This bug only happens on chrome (no prob with Firefox)
It only concerns wav files
This has nothing to do with the play() function of Javascript, I get the same delay by simply opening the wav file directly in chrome
I still didn't find how to fix this delay and I don't really care now. I shall use MP3 or OGG files and that's going to be good enough.
Cheers !
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b9ffd98e5727e6338ec065372143cad92568ebb7c27caf3f5a718554981dce83'} |
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1)
project(shapes LANGUAGES CXX)
set(SHAPES_VERSION_MAJOR 0)
set(SHAPES_VERSION_MINOR 0)
set(SHAPES_VERSION_PATCH 1)
set(SHAPES_LIBRARY ${PROJECT_NAME})
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
set(CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE ON)
#
# options
#
option(SHAPES_SINGLE_HEADER "whether to use a single header or multiple headers" OFF)
option(SHAPES_ENABLE_COVERAGE "whether to enable coverage" OFF)
option(SHAPES_TESTING "build tests" ON)
option(SHAPES_VERBOSE "whether to enable verbose output" OFF)
#
# warning settings
#
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang|AppleClang|GNU")
add_compile_options(-Wall -Wextra -Wunreachable-code -Wpedantic)
endif()
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
add_compile_options(-Wexit-time-destructors -Wglobal-constructors -Wmissing-noreturn)
endif()
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "MSVC")
add_compile_options(/W4 /EHsc /wd4065 /wd4061 /wd4577)
add_definitions(-DNOGDI)
endif()
#
# include settings
#
if(SHAPES_VERBOSE)
add_definitions(-DSHAPES_VERBOSE)
endif()
if(SHAPES_SINGLE_HEADER)
set(SHAPES_INCLUDE_DIR ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/single_include)
else()
set(SHAPES_INCLUDE_DIR ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
endif()
add_library(${SHAPES_LIBRARY} INTERFACE)
add_library(${SHAPES_LIBRARY}::${SHAPES_LIBRARY} ALIAS ${SHAPES_LIBRARY})
target_compile_features(${SHAPES_LIBRARY} INTERFACE)
if(SHAPES_SINGLE_HEADER)
add_dependencies(${SHAPES_LIBRARY} amalgamate)
endif()
target_include_directories(${SHAPES_LIBRARY}
INTERFACE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${SHAPES_INCLUDE_DIR}> $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>)
file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/*.hpp
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/geom/*.hpp
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/geom/detail/*.hpp
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/io/*.hpp
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.cpp)
#
# clang-format
#
find_program(CLANG_FORMAT clang-format)
if(NOT ${CLANG_FORMAT} STREQUAL "CLANG_FORMAT-NOTFOUND")
message(STATUS "clang-format found: ${CLANG_FORMAT}")
add_custom_target(shapes_format COMMENT "applying clang-format" COMMAND ${CLANG_FORMAT} -i ${SOURCE_FILES})
else()
message(STATUS "clang-format not found")
endif()
#
# clang-tidy
#
add_custom_target(shapes_clang_tidy
COMMENT "applying clang-tidy"
COMMAND clang-tidy -p=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR} -header-filter=.*
-checks=modernize-*,cppcoreguidelines-*,portability-*,bugprone-*,readability-*,cert-*,google-*
${SOURCE_FILES})
#
# amalgamate
#
add_custom_target(shapes_amalgamate
COMMENT "merging the headers"
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}
COMMAND python ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdparty/amalgamate/amalgamate.py -c
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdparty/amalgamate/config.json -s .
--verbose=yes)
#
# re2c lexer
#
add_custom_target(shapes_lexer
COMMENT "re2c lexer code generation"
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/io/detail
COMMAND re2c -i -b -o wkt_lexer.hpp wkt_lexer.re
COMMAND mv wkt_lexer.hpp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/io)
#
# lemon parser
#
add_custom_target(shapes_parser
COMMENT "lemon parser"
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/io/detail
COMMAND lemon -l -q wkt_parser.y
COMMAND cat wkt_parser.hpp.header wkt_parser.c wkt_parser.hpp.footer > wkt_parser.hpp
COMMAND cat wkt_token.hpp.header wkt_parser.h wkt_token.hpp.footer > wkt_token.hpp
COMMAND rm wkt_parser.h wkt_parser.c
COMMAND mv wkt_parser.hpp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/io
COMMAND mv wkt_token.hpp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/simo/io)
#
# doxygen
#
find_package(Doxygen)
if(DOXYGEN_FOUND)
message(STATUS "Doxygen found")
set(DOXYGEN_IN ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/Doxyfile.in)
set(DOXYGEN_OUT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/docs/Doxyfile)
configure_file(${DOXYGEN_IN} ${DOXYGEN_OUT} @ONLY)
add_custom_target(shapes_documentation
COMMAND ${DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE} ${DOXYGEN_OUT}
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/docs
COMMENT "Generating API documentation with Doxygen"
VERBATIM)
else()
message(STATUS "Doxygen not found")
endif()
include(CTest)
if(SHAPES_TESTING)
enable_testing()
add_subdirectory(tests)
endif()
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[XHTML 2] ismap attribute and unsuccessful embedded attribute
From: Jim Ley <jim@jibbering.com>
Date: Sat, 28 May 2005 22:49:50 +0100
Message-ID: <015901c563cf$2cb18a20$0a00000a@Snufkin>
Cc: <xhtml2-issues@hades.mn.aptest.com>
Dear HTML Working Group,
What happens if ismap is specified on an XHTML 2 document?
<p href="a" src="map.xhtml2" ismap="ismap">
Our location.
Is this invalid? Or is the click relative to the rendered XHTML 2 document,
if it's the rendered XHTML 2 document, what happens with links and forms in
the underlying document, can they be activated?
Similar questions arise for all other non-image types, and image types which
can contain hyperlinks.
Jim Ley
Received on Saturday, 28 May 2005 21:50:10 GMT
| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '21', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.702668309211731}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '8224', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:5ZXQO35MJLXOJBF7DPJZCGFCLIH6C3PK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6adeb964-94a6-403e-a56e-9244fd7a0695>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 13, 9, 39, 40), 'WARC-IP-Address': '128.30.52.56', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:3PPIEM7EUA7ANSZFTPKXGNR2XYJ4HBVI', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f330d752-aaff-43eb-87a8-de5a08d125ae>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-html-editor/2005AprJun/0105.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7db98a48-5ba4-44a9-916c-232615b7cec0>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '124', 'url': 'http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-html-editor/2005AprJun/0105.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04776269197463989', 'original_id': 'b6ad843bfffa0101e86a55552e254e179add9affb8e121ffeca6740cdbbce3d2'} |
Q:
Please (re?) burninate the [apache] tag
The apache tag seems to have risen from the dead and is attracting new questions - I think it may have gotten missed in the burnination requests from Apache tags - a bit of a mess? .
(Per the conversation on that thread, apache is better off split into apache1 , apache2, and possibly future version-specific tags as needed so we can give version-specific help)
A:
I think we can consider this "completed" with the synonym Apache -> Apache2
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c701bfa6d9aec4a25301d338b8bc62588c7c29e921f1ac6c63fbd8417dc050fb'} |
Blood Lad Wiki
Staz Charlie Blood
81pages on
this wiki
Staz Charlie Blood
Birthday November 23rd
Height 175 cm
Weight 59 kg
Blood Type B
Race Vampire
Age 16~18 Years
Gender Male
Location Lower Demon World: Eastern District
Abilities Long Range Magic
Occupation Territory Boss
Family Braz D. Blood, Liz T Blood, Father Blood
Debut: Manga Ch.1
Debut: Anime Episode 1
Voice Actor Japanese: Ōsaka Ryota
English: Bryce Papenbrook
Staz Charlie Blood (ブラッド・チャーリー・スタズ) is the main protagonist of the series. He is the boss of the Eastern district of Demon World, terrifying to others and supposed to be an elite vampire that drinks blood. But in reality, he is just a normal vampire otaku who is obsessed with everything from the Human World, but mostly Japan. Staz is from a "high-breed" of vampires, however, he is reluctant to associate himself with them since he ran away from home. He is an extremely powerful vampire, but his powers are limited due to a binding spell placed upon him by his older brother when he was young. He is desperate to bring the once-human Yanagi Fuyumi back to life.
Staz is a young male vampire, of approximately 16~18 years of age. He has medium-length black hair, and bright red eyes. He also sports sharp, fanged teeth. He has no regularly-seen clothing, however his pink lightning-bolt shirt is very popular.
He is obsessed with games, anime, manga, and anything that is related to the Human World, especially Japan. One of his favorite manga series is Dragon Ball, and throughout the series he often references the manga(even attempting to mimick Son Goku's famed Kamehameha technique). He's notorious for his lack of common sense and impetuous behavior. He is also noted to be quite lazy and lacking any real form of ambition. However, while he may seem lackadaisical and unmotivated, when he wants something done, he will not give up until he has accomplished his task. Because of this, those close to him trust him greatly. It is also implied that he holds some resentment over his vampiric heritage because of the expectations set upon demonic society on how he as both a noble-blooded demon and vampire should behave, which he vehemently opposes by stating that he defines himself based on his actions, not his status or vampire nature.
He also perceives his immense power as a "burden" due to the fact that he was frequently tortured and experimented on by his older brother during his youth in order to awaken his full potential for his own purposes. Additionally, because he is one of the strongest demons in the Lower Demon World, he is constantly sought after by demons so that they can challenge him for his territory.
When he meets Yanagi Fuyumi after she is brought to his room, he falls in love/bloodlust at first sight and changes his life goal to be friends with her. But just as he gets to know her, she is eaten by a carnivorous plant and becomes a ghost, and is no longer human. Staz realizes he is no longer attracted to her in the same way that he was when she was flesh and blood, so he vows to protect her and to bring her back to life. In order to bring her back to life, he will do anything, even becoming her vampire bodyguard. Through this, he goes through many trials attempting to find a way to bring her back to life.
When he was younger, his full demonic power was sealed by his older brother Braz. Because Braz had forced his powers to awaken at too young an age, Staz's young body was not capable of handling such strong powers. This resulted in Braz having to lodge a magic-sealing bullet into his heart. When Staz goes to question his older brother on how to resurrect a human, they make a deal that if he fights Pantomime, he will explain the process to him. However, Pantomime is too strong to be defeated with Staz's powers at their current state. Therefore, Braz releases the sealed magic, and Staz once again regains his full magic abilities, enabling him to defeat Pantomime. Later on in the story, after many different trials, Staz is ordered by Heads Hydra to take a vow to help Fuyumi regain her life, but in order to do so, he must follow her every whim. Because of this, Staz must now ask Fuyumi before he does anything concerning her, and to make sure she is not separated from him again.
Staz is a vampire of an elite demon lineage, and is therefore rather powerful. From a young age. Staz had demonstrated a frighteningly powerful ability, which was then sealed away by his brother. Even with his sealed powers Staz was a rather powerful demon, easily able to maintain his territory without issue.
Magic shape staz
Staz' Magic's True Form
Demonic Power: After having his power unsealed by his brother Staz becomes much more powerful. He is now able to manifest his power into a physical form, his taking the shape of a hand with open circles at the joints and in the middle of the palm. Staz has been shown to use this hand as an attack, hitting or grabbing an enemy, and a mode of transportation, using it as a platform to stand on while traveling.
Long Range Magic: Staz specializes in using his demonic power to attack from a distance. He does this by extending his magical energy from his body to affect his opponent directly or the environment around him.
Special Moves:Edit
• Heart Constriction: ZIP - Staz extends his magical energy from his body and concentrates it on his opponent's vital organs (usually the heart). He then clenches his hand into a fist as if he is physically crushing an object, causing his opponent's heart to burst.
• Chew-Chew Drain - Staz first locks the person in a full-body hold and bites into their neck or shoulder. He breaks off one of his fangs and leaves it embedded in his opponent's skin. After that, the tooth acts as a remote transceiver that draws out the demonic energy of his opponent and transfers it to Staz, allowing him to replenish his own magic or life energy. After the seal on his power is broken, he is capable of directly draining other demons of their energy without this strategy, as demonstrated in his battle with Team Fearless.
• Playback Payback - First, Staz performs a powerful uppercut that sends his opponent soaring into the air. At the apex of flight, he materializes a mass of energy above them and thrusts his fist downward, the energy shooting down at the airborne enemy and sending him hurtling to the ground.
• Vampire Tetsuzanko - Staz focuses his magic to enhance his physical strength and executes a powerful shoulder strike. He uses this technique against Akim, which sends him crashing through several buildings until he lands in the barren outskirts of East Demon City. This technique is based off of Akira Yuki, the main protagonist of the Virtua Fighter series.
• Imitation Kamehameha - Staz cups his hands at his side and condenses his demonic energy at a single point between the space of his hands, then releases it as a beam of blue energy. Staz is prematurely interrupted by Akim from using this technique, who refers to it as "third-rate" due to the openings it leaves in one's defense. However, in the manga, Wolf states that the attack would have completely incinerated Akim if it were completed. This special move is most famously used by Dragon Ball protagonist, Son Goku, whom Staz deeply admires and respects as a great hero.
• Spray Bottle: As seen when Staz travels to the human world, by using the saliva containing his vampiric powers, Staz is able to control others without having to bite them. He does this by filling a spray bottle with his saliva, and simply spraying them, which then allows him to have control of the person. By doing this, he can alter their memory or control their actions and thoughts.
• Silver: Like traditional vampire stories, Staz additionally has a weakness to silver, like silver weapons. It slows down his ability to heal, making it easier for enemies to attack him relentlessly.
Known FamilyEdit
Brother: Braz D. Blood
Sister: Liz T Blood
Father: Father Blood (Deceased)
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Random Wiki | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '51', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.983451247215271}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '70698', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:RCORGGUEA5R7AMSPYZ6SLASLU3PZUPRB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:498f408f-beb0-4534-a91a-c1ad8de58d0c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 25, 3, 44, 45), 'WARC-IP-Address': '199.27.76.194', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:C43RZBSA4LVXTZXOEIWDRSX2X6X4BASN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b46b996d-9a89-45dd-8ea1-bacd88d5662d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://blood-lad.wikia.com/wiki/Staz_Charlie_Blood', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:06c5c44c-af17-4c15-bb7f-17243e16a79a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1393', 'url': 'http://blood-lad.wikia.com/wiki/Staz_Charlie_Blood', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-212-252.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-06\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for January 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11427754163742065', 'original_id': '82d9f57a7cdbe458b66b797e7fef67f0f21a53aaa912296ac678e4836467bbc1'} |
Equalise the spherical polygons' area
Hi every one,
I have a goal object to equalise spherical polygons’ area . Since The area of each spherical n-gon is:
An = [(q1+q2+…+qn)–(n-2)pi]x R^2 in which qi angles are the angles measured at the vertices along the surface of the sphere, so equalising the summation of the angles means equal spherical area.
I have written a C# code to achieve the goal. Although the code doesn’t show any error but when I run it using Kangaroo solver, I receive this error:
“1. Solution exception: One or more errors occurred.”
I would much appreciate any idea why this is happening and how to solve it.
I have attached my file.
EqualSphArea.gh (18.1 KB)
Hi @anooshe.rezaeejavan
It looks like the first problem here is the indexing - at lines 122 and 123 it tries to access items i+1 and i-1 of the array even when that will be after the end or before the start.
Removing that and initializing the vectors lets it run.
EqualSphArea2.gh (21.2 KB)
It looks like it still needs some changes or to be combined with other goals to keep it regular though.
Hi Daniel,
Thank you so much. It works now.
Could you please advise me how can I get various possible results which satisfy my goal object? (I know that I have more than one answer to achieve my goal object but by running using Kangaroo I would get just one). | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9306645393371582}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '20827', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:W7HHBHH7WKV2LXMVADZUTRBXNTUVN6LU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:50a49cae-9bbd-41cb-b2c8-99fc74281c4b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 21, 17, 42, 29), 'WARC-IP-Address': '64.71.144.202', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:C45BWIQROKU3PC3DQ2FKWAGZNPW2NTOU', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e5b8c98f-a0b9-4433-9dca-b32f2632f619>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://discourse.mcneel.com/t/equalise-the-spherical-polygons-area/128371', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1ff882e1-d66d-4811-9d3f-5ea89fb1ca3d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '236', 'url': 'https://discourse.mcneel.com/t/equalise-the-spherical-polygons-area/128371', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-22\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.25768983364105225', 'original_id': 'bb16e34ed64edc0fb4d6154c1707b52f2be6907f98c3f2b23f3ea13e5cc46061'} |
class F
def foo
printf("foo", "bar")
end
def bar
a = %w(foo bar)
printf(*a)
end
end
F.new.foo
F.new.bar
__END__
# Classes
class F
def foo : -> nil
def bar : -> nil
end
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '0b15fe79a54a12f649ea273bfdc1f546ccd9970983d2a113b9d213f05d551ff6'} |
National security being bought off by Big Oil...
From the Guardian: "Over the last year, a mass of shocking evidence has emerged on the close ties between Western government spy agencies and giant energy companies, and their mutual interests in criminalising anti-fracking activists." | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9387867450714112}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '52924', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3ACRWYCKVA5MSIGQC6U3DZWJMUOMNZAV', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:64528fe4-851f-4770-be28-5264a6e6ff80>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 19, 5, 15, 19), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.185.159.144', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JR7AXLXCVY5JSSVQCD3AXCR2KNGOYF5I', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:31da06f2-dfcc-4ea6-aa3d-9b60f20c992a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.frackfreesussex.co.uk/news/2014/1/23/national-security-being-bought-of-by-big-oil', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:eed8719f-01b9-46dd-96a7-2d085326fc04>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '55', 'url': 'http://www.frackfreesussex.co.uk/news/2014/1/23/national-security-being-bought-of-by-big-oil', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-35-204-242.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11255073547363281', 'original_id': '25a80c79b338cb02d6e6404e72b9064929250a8d23e3f0270ee62d8fc1a396a9'} |
An apparition of the journal to Tomoka.
An apparition is the event, usually brief, in which the curse manifests itself indirectly (the ghosts of the deceased are not seen), and a cursed victim is haunted by an artifact or belonging from the rancorous ghosts. In both Ju-on and The Grudge films, Kayako's diary is usually the most prominent apparition, alongside Toshio's black cat Mar.
An apparition is also when the spirit of a victim of the grudge comes to warn, to haunt or to simply trick a cursed individual.
Ju-on seriesEdit
An apparition of Toyama to his daughter
Kanna is the first apparition seen in the Ju-on films. She returned to haunt her schoolmate Hisayo and her mother Noriko in the house. Kazumi saw Mar before being taken by the curse while living in the house. Hitomi was tricked by an apparition of her brother Katsuya at her door. One night, Rika was surprised by a manifestation of Mar in the form of several black cats in her bedroom. Resisting to the grudge, Izumi was haunted and disturbed by the ghosts of her former schoolmates who were taken by the curse. Megumi, a sensitive, was taken and later returned to warn her former friends Keisuke and Kyoko, and passed the journal to them. It is also briefly seen on Tomoka's table while she is haunted by knocking sounds is her appartment.
Mirai's bag where her head was placed, as well as the cassette tape that recorded the exact time of her death often manifest to the victims of her grudge. The tape was found to be indestructible and simply returned always when someone attempted to throw it away.
The Grudge seriesEdit
Vanessa's ghost haunt Jake.
Jennifer was attracted to the house's attic by following Mar. Yoko returned to haunt and presumably take Alex, scaring him with her missing jaw. Susan saw her brother outside her apartment, but when she opened the door, Matthew was gone. Allison and Miyuki were once haunted by Mar in their classroom. Cursed people are usually haunted by Kayako's trademark dark hair in the Grudge series. Vanessa discovered her feet surrounded by it while in the shower, moments before meeting the ghost itself. Mrs. Davis also found the black wires while flipping the journal's pages.
Notes and triviaEdit
• In an alternative sequence of The Grudge, Yoko is haunted by a shadow that transforms into Mar, which forces her to climb to the attic where she meets Kayako's ghost. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9782343506813048}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '145459', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:MGGZ47K7HL73J2APR2UPOWYIPGLWXFKS', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e3346824-c4ba-4afe-a5ba-28d6bef97f54>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 20, 3, 19, 1), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.192.194', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FWMBRMUEA6PXOGUT6UY5DATUVISAILN6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a625e198-f272-4cca-9efe-e80508c33a6e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://ju-on-the-grudge.fandom.com/wiki/Apparition', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d57d5f75-1229-4442-985a-dfa77b108e14>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '416', 'url': 'https://ju-on-the-grudge.fandom.com/wiki/Apparition', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-174-209.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.08338785171508789', 'original_id': '30fe3e7df642e7818170d6dd7d5cf3a4523ec5753c0b52f631d741baf4113748'} |
Coronavirus: Zimbabwe arrests 100,000 for ‘violations’ of measures
More than 105,000 people have been arrested in Zimbabwe since March for violating regulations aimed at curbing the spread of coronavirus, police say.
Around 1,000 were arrested in the last two days for “unnecessary movement” or for not wearing face masks, they add.
Restrictions have been eased slightly in the country, where more than 1,500 infections have been confirmed.
Critics accuse the government of using the measures to target the opposition and arrest activists, which it denies.
Opposition and civil society groups are mobilising for nationwide protests on 31 July to demand that President Emmerson Mnangagwa step down.
Under current regulations, all Zimbabweans returning from abroad are required to remain in quarantine for three weeks at a government-approved facility. According to police, a total of 276 people had fled quarantine centres, including some who had tested positive.
Almost 30 of them had been arrested, and would be taken to court for exposing their families and communities to the virus, police added. They included two men who had infected seven members of a family, state television reported.
Police say they intend to step up efforts to enforce regulations arguing that many people have become complacent.
Drinking dens had opened and “beer-drinking binges” were being held in backyards, police said. “We’ll be arresting all these violators,” spokesman Paul Nyathi was quoted state television as saying.
Zimbabwe’s lockdown measures to combat the spread of coronavirus have worsened the country’s economic and political crisis. The government expects the economy to shrink 4.5% this year while annual inflation surged to 785% in June.
There are calls for more protests against President Mnangagwa, who appears increasingly intolerant of criticism, BBC World Service Africa regional editor Will Ross reports.
If people take to the streets there are bound to be many more arrests, our editor adds.
Source: BBC
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Kwame Anane
Need Help? Chat with us | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '5', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9598697423934937}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '98554', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PSL5LKLJ4LOG3UGCSGJQFJYAPOYP4KKI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:1d08c6dd-cb78-4d63-b05b-e5ede763b826>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 23, 13, 16, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '144.91.83.89', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MRWWLPK6UMJXFCZYOOVQFEFRG3ZDYRE6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e9cbd4d3-6117-4f90-89c5-5dafba227b05>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.ghbulletin.com/coronavirus-zimbabwe-arrests-100000-for-violations-of-measures/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a583e2be-3b7b-4acd-97da-1d83cb29a1cf>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '331', 'url': 'https://www.ghbulletin.com/coronavirus-zimbabwe-arrests-100000-for-violations-of-measures/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-52.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.036108553409576416', 'original_id': 'eb9126bf4afd4a44d377229dc2a5cc244877e795987a47833e7a875b4cc2b5cc'} |
The Vermont House approved the measure Wednesday, about a week after the state Senate. Gov. Peter Shumlin says he plans to sign it.
Genetically modified organisms - often used in crop plants - have been changed at their genetic roots to be resistant to insects, germs or herbicides. The Vermont vote now puts the U.S. on the map of governments taking a stance against the practice that has led to bountiful crops but has stirred concerns about the dominance of big agribusiness
The requirements would take effect July 1, 2016. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '33', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9531462788581848}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '69711', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:KICXQYUBIT73P2GKXEKUHDSGPKZ63QZM', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:25c87c94-a158-43bc-ac33-720fdd841b3e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 9, 23, 8, 31, 28), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.62.6.58', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FMPXAQWJJKI2DDFVSBBMLBVY6YLICDBN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:60e30103-04ee-4ae7-acc9-061c26a0610b>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.krdo.com/news/vermont-moves-toward-labeling-of-gmo-foods/25654630', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5ee0d68a-1b92-4fb7-aaa2-cd3d9e1b7dca>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '129', 'url': 'http://www.krdo.com/news/vermont-moves-toward-labeling-of-gmo-foods/25654630', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-234-18-248.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-41\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for September 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06344729661941528', 'original_id': '13b89a2ca0d6685a52f004ebb0264db22a3dc6349ad84e53f7785e6b8f8ec54a'} |
How to Become an Operations Superstar
Operations and customer services are the heart and soul of any field service company. This eBook for operations and customer service managers will walk you through the challenges faced by field organizations, how a workforce management solution can increase operational efficiency as well as productivity; and how, by campaigning this change, you can become an operations superstar!
Sponsor: ClickSoftware | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.954842448234558}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '7035', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:IWVJHPVCJNZ4LLCS3AK4PBDS3DGG5YOE', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ae099955-9026-44b9-af32-1df15f219cda>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 10, 30, 16, 39, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '70.42.185.145', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VITSW65STQLB4OS62Z5JB5QISDOV5ZAV', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9212ea21-5dcf-4bec-ad3e-99c8ba78b735>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://resources.computerworld.com/ccd/assets/33295/detail', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3f23f43b-ad85-46e1-9ef1-ea6a072d18ef>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '65', 'url': 'http://resources.computerworld.com/ccd/assets/33295/detail', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-42\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for October 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.023391008377075195', 'original_id': 'a31c7d8d5df2a58705fdbc0afd186ef48b6d0b7aa5ffe80269870fa9bf21c8ea'} |
Orleans to Toulon
All travel options from door to door - Worldwide
Depart Arrive
Depart Arrive
Orleans to Toulon - by train, bus, air
Compare all options from Orleans to Toulon. Use the journey planner above to plan your trip from Orleans to Toulon by all available means of transportation such as Train and Bus. The CombiTrip journey planner compares and combines many transportation providers such as for example Railway agencies, Bus operators, airines. You can find all the ticket prices, times and duration related information from the journey planner shown above. Sit back and relax on your next trip to Toulon. Combitrip will search for your trip from Orleans and will help you pick your desired travel plan from a number of relevant means of transportation. There can be no other reason not to travel to Toulon when you are in Orleans because it is only 10 hours 39 minutes by car. Combitrip offers variety of amazing travel options. With Combitrip, you don't have to spend much time and money on transportation for medium trips. They offer different modes such as trains, coaches, flights, and carpool and such. Use Combitrip to find efficient ways to travel on your trip. International trains, coaches, flights, and all relevant routes and modalities are the modes of transportation Combitrip would recommend for long trips. To make wise travel decisions, use Combitrip! Combitrip makes sure you won't arrive too late or too early at the airport/station by showing you how to get there and by warning you if there is no connection available. The total trip matters! Combitrip shows you how to get to the airport/station, so you won't get surprises of very long distance, time, and cost to get to the airport for super cheap flight which often results to making the total trip longer and more expensive.
The train station in Orleans is located near the center. The nearest airport to Orleans is located at 17.3 km (20 minutes by car) and is called Bricy Airport. More airports near Orleans.
The train station in Toulon is located near the center. The nearest airport to Toulon is located at 22.9 km (25 minutes by car) and is called Le Palyvestre Airport. More airports near Toulon.
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Popular Bus, Train and Flight routes in Spain | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '194', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9539702534675598}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '223364', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:T5UNAQPEPF4CJAGSRE4LNCLCHDJZ4K3W', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:384d8266-12b2-4769-9196-02f218c7ca73>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 10, 22, 50, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '83.96.202.140', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:O2MWZ74BKCI75YPAEYRXW5Z5JSZ6EUBZ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b0ec331a-ca2a-4502-b8ee-ae4185d9b575>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.combitrip.com/en/routes/train/bus/flights/orleans-france-to-toulon-france', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:85d321b6-1549-4618-9084-fbfb2fb3d98c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '405', 'url': 'https://www.combitrip.com/en/routes/train/bus/flights/orleans-france-to-toulon-france', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-109-214-234.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02018493413925171', 'original_id': '3d49156821a1f7da0964de8a0635c395dcbe8750649736578ae6477210a4841a'} |
Botanical artist Azuma Makoto’s latest masterpiece wasn’t crafted from branches and blooms, but instead from LEGOs! The artist has built a life-like bonsai from the popular children’s blocks. The tree leans in true bonsai fashion, and is rooted in a textured LEGO grass planter.
green design, eco design, sustainable design, Azuma Makoto, LEGO bonsai, LEGOs, bonsai plant
The Tokyo based Azuma is no stranger to the beauty of botanica, often using living plants and fallen leaves to create sculptural works. His LEGO bonsai is a contrast to this- using plastic blocks to represent a living plant. The resulting tree looks like a pixilated version of the traditional Japanese plant.
Browns, greens and black LEGO blocks are transformed into the bark and leaves of the leaning tree, which rests in a moss-covered LEGO dish. The trunk and branches are made from bigger double LEGO blocks, while the dainty green leaves are made up of singular blocks.
From afar, the tree appears to be a real bonsai, the blocks blurry together to give the illusion of a real tree.
The creative plastic plant measures up to real bonsai trees, fitting perfectly on a side table or shelf- but no need to put this tree near a window! Azuma’s miniature LEGO plant brings all the serenity that a real bonsai does to a room- but without the rigorous watering, fertilizing and training regimen needed to care for a living tree!
+ Azuma Makoto
Via Spoon Tamago | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9097894430160522}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '134703', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:NFLRXLKSR4LWXPIV6F2UJ5KTQ2Y6D6J3', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:350ccc1c-d2dc-4bed-9698-0e2ebe3065bd>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 2, 24, 51), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.18.40.248', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:Q5FQGK62YWXCN57ZRATDTFYF2WACCC7Y', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a1c22b65-e2ff-4280-b905-6fc35d4aaf70>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://inhabitat.com/azuma-makotos-pixelated-bonsai-is-made-from-legos/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:42f5e7a6-3e16-4656-8454-eda399a300a9>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '241', 'url': 'https://inhabitat.com/azuma-makotos-pixelated-bonsai-is-made-from-legos/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-143-243-33.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03954029083251953', 'original_id': '9062ee7f8e110979196e8f83830fdf4db587259e28f9654d989b54b596705365'} |
Opposable Thumbs / Gaming & Entertainment
True stories from game testing: the industry’s dirty back door
The hours are long, the pay is low, and there's no respect at the end of the …
When you talk to many gamers about what the most important job is when developing a game, you'll get many answers. Few people will bring up game QA testing.
It's an important job, though, and the testers have it tough: those poor folks who spend their days and nights locked in some basement trying to find all the ways they can break a product. Jump into every wall, play one level for twelve hours, play one part of one level for fourteen hours, this is the sort of thing you can expect. The hours are terrible, the pay is lousy, and no one will likely know who you are. You think the crunch time for developers is bad? Listen to this story from a QA Lead.
At one company, I stepped into a vital role as the only senior tester, and my managers did everything to keep me on site and organising the test team. My boss bought me a hammock, which he installed while I was at lunch, that I would sleep in almost every night. When I complained about needing clean clothing they had the secretary buy me a new wardrobe. A cell phone was bought for me, to get a hold of me whereever I was, even in the bathroom; when I complained about not seeing my girlfriend in two weeks – I lived with her – they paid for a hotel room for us twice a week to see each other. I did this almost straight seven days a week for seven months... when it was done I spent three months decompressing from the ordeal.
While people often see testing games as a way to get into a more creative role in game development, the article has a lot to say on that topic, and most of it isn't positive. Most game testers I've talked to had the same reaction to the time they spent in the trenches: they have a sort of nostalgic longing for it, along with the realistic notion of never wanting to have to go through it again. They were thankful for the experience, and glad it's over. None of them are in game development anymore.
Many gamers think they'd like to take a crack at game testing, and for that reason conditions will probably never improve. There's a line of people wanting to do it, and if you land in a job that pays overtime, the paychecks can be impressive. You also get to feel like you're involved in making a game. Is it a grind? Of course, but like any boutique industry the amount of people willing to do it will always outstrip the number of positions. Game testing will probably remain gaming's dark little secret for forseeeable future, but one thing is clear: it's not a job for the happy-go-lucky gamer. It's tough and often thankless.
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You May Also Like | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9786875247955322}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '42809', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PGKZ46Z7TQVUMSIJYQOFDYZP26IFEEVU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:864e951e-ec0c-41b8-b221-5b468882e99d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 6, 2, 21, 5, 50), 'WARC-IP-Address': '50.31.151.33', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:ILAZY7YU2EW5HXWUZLBFJQGFKAHGU7L5', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1ab36441-1765-41eb-9be8-b1cb99caa094>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2006/06/4350/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4a1572ae-a589-4716-8eca-a0a0959566bf>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '513', 'url': 'http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2006/06/4350/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-22\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03156685829162598', 'original_id': '5264d0ea0a1568f686c23187aeae094c292e873f735c0010707e9b513e56c1a7'} |
Environment Secretary Michael Gove has today created 41 new Marine Conservation Zones, marking the most significant expansion of England’s ‘Blue Belt’ of protected areas to date.
Stretching from Cornwall to Northumberland, the new protections safeguard 12,000 square kilometres of marine habitat, an area almost eight times the size of Greater London. Today’s announcement follows the government’s manifesto commitment to create a Blue Belt of marine protection for Britain’s overseas territories and its own coast, and builds on the ambition of the 25 Year Environment Plan.
The rare stalked jellyfish, short-snouted seahorse and blue mussel beds are among the species and habitats that will benefit from the protections.
With 50 zones already designated in 2013 and 2016, the UK now has 355 Marine Protected Areas of different types, spanning 220,000 square km – nearly twice the size of England.
Environment Secretary Michael Gove said:
The UK is already leading the rest of the world by protecting over 30% of our ocean - but we know there is more to do. Establishing this latest round of Marine Conservation Zones in this Year of Green Action is another big step in the right direction, extending our blue belt to safeguard precious and diverse sea life for future generations to come.
The latest round of protections follow an extensive consultation, including with local fishermen and marine conservation experts, which received overwhelming support for the proposals. In total, over 48,000 responses were submitted by members of the public, with Defra designating all 41 of the proposed sites and expanding protections at 12 existing sites.
Each designation is based on scientific evidence provided by marine experts from Natural England and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), as well as socio-economic information provided by stakeholders and Defra economists. Management plans will now be put in place to protect the newly-designated habitats and species.
Regulators, such as the Marine Management Organisation and local Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authorities (IFCA), will be responsible for ensuring the Marine Conservation Zones are managed to protect their species and habitats, working with local fishing communities and other organisations.
Tony Juniper, Chair of Natural England, said:
These new protections are based on advice from our world-leading marine scientists and we believe will go a long way toward safeguarding over a million hectares of England’s ocean and coastal environment, and the many species which rely upon it. Today really does mark a major step forward for the conservation of our precious marine environment, but there is still much to be done, including putting in place more of the good practices that we know are needed to secure the long-term health of our seas and their wildlife.
Marcus Yeo, Chief Executive at the Joint Nature Conservation Committee, said:
Defra’s announcement on the designation of this third tranche of MCZs is a fantastic achievement in our collective vision for clean, healthy, safe and biologically diverse seas across the UK. In particular, we are proud as lead advisors to see the designation of a substantial number of additional MCZs in waters away from the coast, including the deep-sea; furthering vital protection for habitats and species of national and international importance such as coral gardens, sea-pens and fan mussel. We know this is not the end of the story and look forward to continuing to work with Defra and the other responsible organisations to ensure these new MCZs contribute effectively to the UK MPA network and deliver tangible conservation benefits.
Joan Edwards, Director of Living Seas at The Wildlife Trusts, said
It’s fantastic news that now we have 91 Marine Conservation Zones – they will form a vital series of underwater habitats which can be nursed back to health. We’ve been calling for the government to give real protection to a network of diverse sea-bed landscapes since 2009 and over 22,000 people joined our call for better protection of our seas during last summer’s consultation. Huge thanks to everyone who has supported this change! Now we need to see good management of these special places to stop damaging activities such as beam-trawling or dredging for scallops and langoustines which harm fragile marine wildlife.
Marine Conservation Zones are just one type of the many Marine Protected Areas in place around the UK to conserve rare, threatened and nationally important habitats and species for future generations.
The UK government has called for 30% of the world’s ocean to be protected by 2030 and has co-chaired the creation of the Commonwealth Clean Ocean Alliance with Vanuatu.
The government will also publish an international strategy later this year setting out further action to conserve and sustainably use the ocean.
ENDS | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e2e5e8d68cba849683c37177c8795fc1b90d962a61cc8852c59a91f3c8e60b88'} |
Fall is almost here and a stream of new fashion tips are slowly trickling into everyone’s inboxes. While you appreciate all of the advice being shared, sometimes you just want a few pointers that’ll have you all set up and ready for the days ahead. We totally get that. While others are suggesting you try all sorts of new fashion trends this season, we’re going to share just one that’s tried and true. You guessed it: florals.
Floral prints go literally with everything. They’re versatile and pair easily with other patterns. In the case of fall, floral designs mesh beautifully with black or dark tones, which we all know are go-to colors for the chilly season. If you’re looking to wear lighter and more playful shades this year, flowers and foliage are your effortless solution to keep things from being too plain. Read on for some affordable fall floral picks to shop right now.
[ Next: 22 Fashion Girl Ways to Wear Pastels in Fall ] | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7ff82e2944c41297f849ed28d14320f287ae895a37dd853e758e4f5a325c53c6'} |
[tox]
envlist =
py{27,34,35,36,37}-django111
py{35,36,37}-django22
pypy3-django{111,22}
lint
toxworkdir = {env:TOX_WORKDIR:.tox}
[testenv]
deps =
-rrequirements_test.txt
django111: Django>=1.11,<1.12
django22: Django>=2.2,<2.3
whitelist_externals = make
commands = make test
[testenv:lint]
deps =
-rrequirements_test.txt
whitelist_externals = make
commands = make lint
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c3ad83924e476bc4a98a75bd810df2a748b48c91fd1225eb37f0c4a1fd6c7ff1'} |
Reflexology
Details: Reflexology is very relaxing, it removes all of the stress from your body, improves the nerve and blood supply throughout the whole energy system (15 minute sessions) Call for an appointment today. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '3921a0b6f884fc11a99c381a6d5ce36e01a02e4e0ede17facaf8dc69b8bae5c8'} |
Poetry: Limerick
4 teachers like this lesson
Print Lesson
SWBAT describe how words and phrases have rhythm and interpret their meaning.
Big Idea
What structure and poetic devices are unique to limericks ? Students create humorous poetry with a five line rhyme scheme and peculiar rhythm.
Introduction to Limerick Poetry
20 minutes
I created a Limerick Flip Chart with background information of limerick poetry. I discovered a great Limerick Plannng Sheet that take students step by step in writing their own limerick. Prior knowledge is important for any lesson. Students who have background knowledge of poetry may not need as much direction in creating their own limerick. However, a review or background information will place all students on the same page for this activity. My flip chart was created for the purpose of guiding instruction.
Once students gain sufficient information about limericks, we analyze a few samples. Understanding the structure and form of limericks is key. Samples are great models for students because it provides concrete examples of the abstract concepts.
Background knowledge is important for students to make sense of their learning. Students enter with different life experiences and knowledge into this lesson. Part of the flip chart is to assess what students already know. We share information from peers and the teacher to fill in the gaps so students understand the basic foundational knowledge of what characterizes a Limerick poem. Common Core encourages this type of discussion and communication of knowledge through collaborative efforts. Depth in knowledge can only be attained once students dig deeper below the surface.
Through the process of analyzing the characteristics of a Limerick Poem, students pay close attention to the structure (five line anapestic meter) and its strict rhyme scheme. The standard criteria of a Limerick is that it contains five lines (the second and fifth lines rhyme), prosody is determined by stressed and unstressed syllables, and the topic is focused on a person or place. Word play through alliteration, assonance, and internal rhyme predominate this type of poetry, leading to the knowledge of how nuances of words and phrases affect the structure and meaning of poems.
Create Your Own
20 minutes
Using the Limerick Plannng Sheet and Limerick Template, students are paired to create limericks together. Pairing students instigate dialogue about planning and communication of concepts. It allows students to think out loud and get feedback from one another. Collaboration is a major part of Common Core lessons. I encourage students to collaborate and communicate knowledge to one another. Students need to practice articulating convincingly and inclusively in productive ways. I also like to encourage students to mingle with diverse partners as they practice to effectively listen, speak, read, and write together through collaborative efforts.
Creating something requires higher order thinking processes. Common Core is about the challenge to think deeper and out of the box. I ask students to perform the more rigorous task of "creating" their own poem. As noted on the hierarchy of Bloom's Taxonomy, creating uses higher order thinking processes. There is much more rigor to creating a poem than merely remembering, understanding, or applying what they learn from this type of poetry. Creating requires students to synthesize information, generate hypotheses, and develop new ideas that is relevant to them. Rigor and relevance are important elements in Common Core.
Poetry Reading
20 minutes
Students share and discuss their poetry creations. I document their presentations as formative assessments: Limerick Student Poetry Reading and Limerick Student Sample. Knowing where students are in the learning progression allows me to differentiate my instruction. Thus, students can be scaffolded from where they are to a more complex level of learning. Common Core is about continuously challenging your students to progress. We review the structure and form of limericks. Students give each other feedback and suggestions. The most meaningful part of learning is getting feedback. Everyone has room to improve.
Effective feedback depends on the specificity of the critique. I use a Limerick Rubric as a guideline for students to give feedback to their peers. Students address particular elements listed on the rubric to stay on topic. Also, a supportive classroom climate must be established so students can feels safe to learn from their mistakes. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8995131850242615}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '124176', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Z7XKQ6J4EF7PQF32OFQ4RO7MBT5RZLJ2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:b62a3d7f-923c-4249-951d-4316d7fba0a6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 21, 4, 34, 44), 'WARC-IP-Address': '34.195.113.212', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7DQLU62WYO3T2EFROU44JBGLZ6GKNZCF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:2527043f-8ac2-4736-b887-21349cf726f6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://betterlesson.com/lesson/resource/2734376/limerick-student-poetry-reading', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:529f39eb-e4de-4b12-931a-dff991e8ba76>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '697', 'url': 'https://betterlesson.com/lesson/resource/2734376/limerick-student-poetry-reading', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-45\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-253.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05004620552062988', 'original_id': '53c6b3a500bf2b39e03cbe020138a4c52878da07ea6e1463f75f7d7e74292a19'} |
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<v-btn icon class="mx-0" @click="editItem(props.item)">
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if (error === "Error getting state from server")
this.initialise(hamoni);
else
alert(error)
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})
},
methods: {
initialise(hamoni) {
hamoni.createList("vue-table", [
{
name: 'Frozen Yogurt',
calories: 159,
fat: 6.0,
carbs: 24,
protein: 4.0
},
{
name: 'Ice cream sandwich',
calories: 237,
fat: 9.0,
carbs: 37,
protein: 4.3
},
{
name: 'Eclair',
calories: 262,
fat: 16.0,
carbs: 23,
protein: 6.0
}
]).then(primitive => {
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},
subscribeToUpdate() {
this.listPrimitive.onItemAdded(item => {
this.desserts.push(item.value)
})
this.listPrimitive.onItemUpdated(item => {
//update the item at item.index
this.desserts.splice(item.index, 1, item.value);
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this.listPrimitive.onItemRemoved(item => {
//remove the item at item.index
this.desserts.splice(item.index, 1);
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},
editItem(item) {
this.editedIndex = this.desserts.indexOf(item)
this.editedItem = Object.assign({}, item)
this.dialog = true
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deleteItem(item) {
const index = this.desserts.indexOf(item)
confirm('Are you sure you want to delete this item?') && this.listPrimitive.remove(index)
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close() {
this.dialog = false
setTimeout(() => {
this.editedItem = Object.assign({}, this.defaultItem)
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save() {
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this.listPrimitive.add(this.editedItem)
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import { SVGProps } from 'react';
type Props = SVGProps<SVGSVGElement>;
const NextJSIcon: React.FC<Props> = (props: Props) => (
<svg viewBox="0 0 210 210" {...props}>
<g id="next-black">
<g id="EXT-_-Type-something" data-name="EXT-+-Type-something">
<path
id="EXT"
d="M50.06,75.42H89V78.5H53.63v23.19H86.91v3.08H53.63v25.47h35.8v3.08H50.06Zm42.45,0h4.14L115,100.88l18.75-25.46,25.5-32.35-41.89,60.49,21.59,29.76h-4.31L115,106.23,95.27,133.32H91.05l21.75-29.76Zm48,3.08V75.42h44.39V78.5H164.42v54.82h-3.57V78.5Z"
/>
<polygon
id="Type-something"
points="1.32 75.42 5.79 75.42 67.34 167.09 41.9 133.32 5.05 79.8 4.89 133.32 1.32 133.32 1.32 75.42"
/>
</g>
<path
id="_.JS"
data-name=".JS"
d="M184.51,129.31a1.29,1.29,0,1,0-1.27-1.29A1.26,1.26,0,0,0,184.51,129.31Zm3.51-3.4a3.5,3.5,0,0,0,3.83,3.55,3.58,3.58,0,0,0,3.87-4v-8.84h-1.95v8.83c0,1.39-.7,2.14-1.94,2.14a1.76,1.76,0,0,1-1.9-1.73Zm10.24-.11c.14,2.23,2,3.66,4.79,3.66,3,0,4.83-1.5,4.83-3.88,0-1.88-1.06-2.92-3.63-3.52l-1.38-.34c-1.63-.38-2.29-.89-2.29-1.78,0-1.12,1-1.86,2.56-1.86a2.4,2.4,0,0,1,2.65,1.87h1.89c-.11-2.1-2-3.58-4.52-3.58-2.73,0-4.56,1.48-4.56,3.7,0,1.84,1,2.93,3.3,3.45l1.62.39c1.66.39,2.39,1,2.39,1.92s-1.15,1.91-2.71,1.91-2.84-.75-3-1.94Z"
/>
</g>
</svg>
);
export default NextJSIcon;
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/TinyKitten/WebPortfolio/blob/master/components/marks/NextJSIcon.tsx', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': '', 'date': '2023.0', 'title': 'WebPortfolio', 'creator': 'TinyKitten', 'language': 'TSX', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '64', 'token_count': '836', '__index_level_0__': '8846', 'original_id': '000d3298afb9bdf233dbf187e7ea45338bb3967af07f5a8d1b867dc2d3960b10'} |
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Cold work die steel and hot die steel composition of the difference
Nov 10, 2017
Cold work die steel and hot die steel composition of the difference
First, cold work die steel
Cold work die steel, including the manufacture of punching die (blanking punching die, trimming die, punch, scissors), cold heading die and cold extrusion die, compression die and drawing die and so on.
1. Cold working die steel working conditions and performance requirements
Cold work die steel at work, due to deformation of the processed material resistance is relatively large, the work part of the mold to withstand great pressure, bending force, impact and friction. Therefore, the normal causes of cold die scrap is generally wear and tear, but also due to fracture, collapse and deformation of ultra-poor early failure.
Cold work die steel and cutting tool steel, there are many things in common. Require the mold has high hardness and wear resistance, high bending strength and sufficient toughness to ensure the smooth progress of the stamping process, the difference is that the mold shape and processing technology is complex, and the friction area, the possibility of wear and tear , So hard to repair it. Therefore, the requirements of higher wear-resistant mold work withstand punching force, but also because of complex shape prone to stress concentration, so require a higher toughness; mold size, complex shape, so require a higher hardenability, Smaller deformation and cracking tendency. In short, cold work die steel hardenability, wear resistance and toughness, etc. than the requirements of the tool steel higher, but in terms of red hardness is less demanding or essentially no requirement (because it is cold forming), so Also formed a number of suitable for cold work die steel, for example, the development of a high wear-resistant, micro-deformation cold work die steel and high toughness cold work die steel. The following combination of the relevant selection of steel further instructions.
2. Steel selection is usually followed by cold-working die conditions of use, the steel can be divided into the following four options: (1) small size, simple shape, light-duty cold-working die.
For example, a small punch, shears and other optional steel cutting T7A, T8A, T10A, T12A and other carbon tool steel. The advantages of this type of steel are: workability, cheap, easy to source. But the disadvantage is: low hardenability, poor wear resistance, large quenching deformation. Therefore, only suitable for the manufacture of some small size, simple shape, light-duty tools and require the hardened layer is not deep and maintain high toughness of the cold mode and so on.
(2) large size, complex shape, light load of cold work die. Commonly used steel 9SiCr, CrWMn, GCr15 and 9Mn2V low-alloy cutting tool steel. The hardenable diameter of these steels in oil is generally up to 40 mm or more. Among them, 9Mn2V steel is a non-Cr cold-working die steel developed in recent years in China, which can replace or partially replace the steel with Cr. 9Mn2V steel carbides heterogeneity and quench cracking tendency smaller than CrWMn steel, decarburization tendency 9SiCr steel smaller, and hardenability than carbon tool steel, the price is only about 30% higher than the latter and therefore is A worth promoting the use of steel. However, 9Mn2V steel also has some disadvantages such as low impact toughness, found in the production of fragmentation, tempering stability is poor, the tempering temperature is generally not more than 180 ℃ tempering at 200 ℃ flexural strength and toughness Low value began to appear. 9Mn2V steel in the salt, hot oil and other cooling capacity more moderate quenching quenching medium. For some deformation of the strict requirements and hardness is not very high mold, austenitic austempering can be used. (3) large size, complex shape of heavy-duty cold work die. To be used in the alloy or high alloy steel, such as Cr12Mo, Crl2MoV, Cr6WV Cr4W2MoV, etc., in addition to the selection of high-speed steel. In recent years, the tendency of high-speed steel to do cold work die has been increasing, but it should be pointed out that the high-speed steel is no longer the red hardness of the unique strengths, but with its high hardenability and high wear resistance . To this end, in the heat treatment process should also be different. Selection of high-speed steel to do cold mold, low temperature quenching should be used to improve the toughness. For example, W18Cr4V steel cutting tool used when the quenching temperature is 1280-1290 ℃. When doing cold work die, it should be used 1190 ℃ low temperature quenching. Another example is the W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel, the use of low-temperature quenching can greatly increase the life expectancy, especially significantly reduced the discount rate.
(4) by the impact load and knife thin cold mold. As mentioned above, the first three types of cold-working die steel performance requirements are based on high wear resistance are high carbon eutectoid steel even Rongsheng steel. However, some cold-working die plus side trim, blanking die, etc., its counterparts are thin, the role of the impact load by the impact should be the main requirements of high impact toughness. In order to solve this contradiction, the following measures can be taken: ① reduce co-carbon content, the use of sub-joint steel, in order to avoid the primary and secondary carbides caused by the decline of toughness of steel; ② Add Si, Cr and other alloying elements to improve Tempering steel stability and tempering temperature (240-270 ℃ tempering) This will help to fully eliminate the quenching stress so that grilled Ji increase, without reducing the hardness; ② W and other elements to form a refractory carbide to refine the crystal Grain, improve toughness. Commonly used high toughness cold-working die steel with 6SiCr, 4CrW2Si, 5CrW2Si and so on.
3. Give full play to the cold potential performance of die steel approach. In the use of cold-working die made of Cr12 steel or high-speed steel, a very prominent problem is the brittleness of steel, easy to crack in use. For this purpose, the carbide must be refined by means of adequate forging, in addition to which new types of steel should be developed. The focus of the development of new steel should be to reduce the amount of carbon steel and carbide forming elements. Cr4W2MoV steel with high hardness, high wear resistance and good hardenability and other advantages, and has good tempering stability and comprehensive mechanical properties, with dry-made silicon steel die, etc., can make the life of Cr12MoV steel increased by 1 ~ 3 times more but the steel forging temperature range is narrower, forging river cracking, should be strictly controlled forging temperature and operation regulation Cr2Mn2SiWMoV steel quenching temperature is low, quenching deformation, high hardenability, free quenching deformation of steel mold Said 7W7Cr4MoV steel can replace W18Cr4V and Cr12MoV steel, which is characterized by the carbide carbide unevenness and toughness has been greatly improved.
Second, hot work die steel
1. Hot working mold working conditions
Hot die including hammer forging die, hot extrusion die and die casting mold three categories. As mentioned earlier, the main feature of hot working die working conditions is the contact with the hot metal, which is the main difference with the working conditions of cold work die. Therefore, it will bring the following two problems:
(1) the surface of the cavity metal heating. Usually hammer forging work, the cavity surface temperature up to 300 ~ 400 ℃ above the hot extrusion mold up to 500-800 ℃ above; die-casting mold cavity temperature and die-casting material types and pouring temperature. Such as die-casting black metal when the cavity temperature up to 1000 ℃. Such a high temperature will make the cavity surface hardness and strength significantly reduced, easy to use in the stack. To this end, the basic performance requirements for hot die steel are high thermoplastic resistance, including high temperature hardness and high temperature strength, high thermoplastic resistance, in fact, reflects the high tempering stability of steel. This will be the first way to find alloying hot die steel, that is, adding Cr, W, Si, and other alloying elements can improve the steel's tempering stability.
(2) Mold cavity surface thermal fatigue (crack). The working characteristics of the hot mold is intermittent, each time the hot metal forming the water, oil, air and other media cooling cavity surface. Therefore, the working status of the hot mold is repeated heating and cooling, so that the mold cavity surface metal repeated thermal expansion and contraction, that is, repeated tensile and compressive stress, the result of the cavity surface cracks, known as thermal fatigue , Thus, the second basic performance requirement for hot tool steel is proposed, that is, it has high thermal fatigue resistance.
In general, the factors that affect the thermal fatigue resistance of steel are: thermal conductivity of steel. High thermal conductivity of steel, mold surface metal can reduce the degree of heat, thereby reducing the thermal fatigue tendencies of steel. It is generally believed that the thermal conductivity of steel is related to the amount of carbon and the thermal conductivity is low when the carbon content is high, so hot-working die steel should not be made of high-carbon steel. In the production of carbon steel is usually used (C0.3% ~ 0.6%) combined carbon content is too low, will lead to the decrease of hardness and strength of steel is also unfavorable. ② the critical point of steel. Normally the higher the critical point of the steel (Ac1), the lower the thermal fatigue tendencies of the steel. Therefore, generally by adding alloying elements Cr, W, Si, lead to improve the critical point of steel. Thus improving the thermal fatigue resistance of steel.
2 commonly used hot die steel
(1) forging die steel. In general, the hammer forging die steel has two problems more prominent First, the role of impact load at work, so the mechanical properties of steel higher requirements, in particular, is more resistant to plastic deformation and toughness requirements; Second, forging Die larger cross-sectional size (<400mm), so the hardenability of the steel higher, in order to ensure uniform structure and performance of the entire mold. Common hammer forging floor steel with 5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo, 5CrNiW, 5CrNiTi and 5CrMnMoSiV and so on. Different types of hammer eye mold should use different materials. Large or large forging die to 5CrNiMo as well, can also be used 5CrNiTi, 5CrNiW or 5CrMnMoSi and so on. For small and medium-sized hammer forging mold is usually selected 5CrMnMO steel.
(2) hot extrusion die steel, hot extrusion die is characterized by the slow loading speed, therefore, the higher temperature cavity heating, usually up to 500 a 800 ℃. The use of such steel performance requirements should be high temperature strength (ie, high tempering stability) and high thermal fatigue resistance based. Ak and hardenability requirements may be appropriate to lower. General hot extrusion die smaller size, often less than 70 ~ 90 mm. Commonly used hot extrusion die 4CrW2Si, 3Cr2W8V and 5% Cr type hot work die steel. Which 4CrW2Si, both cold work die steel, hot work die steel, due to different purposes, can be used in different heat treatment methods. For the cold mold when the lower quenching temperature (870-900 ℃) and low or medium temperature tempering; for the hot mode is the higher quenching temperature (usually 950-1000 ℃) and high temperature tempering.
(3) die-casting mold steel. Overall, the die casting mold steel performance requirements and hot extrusion die steel similar to that.
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Add：No.37 Huahu Ave Huahu Street.Huangshi City Hubei | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8735575675964355}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '28757', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:WM3CQLQXN4JTKRNP6OOL2LGZED4JRZES', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e3578696-6aac-4b15-ad60-95a9a35b1792>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 6, 3, 38), 'WARC-IP-Address': '13.93.212.119', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VQA43WRK3SLGTXM5ESHL66CYDGW3SSTK', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6b18efd9-7a79-4dc8-b57e-b72f2f036f50>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.kxdiesteel.com/info/cold-work-die-steel-and-hot-die-steel-composit-22031224.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:22cf0c84-314c-4a1b-8b9f-111f4fc7644e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1894', 'url': 'http://www.kxdiesteel.com/info/cold-work-die-steel-and-hot-die-steel-composit-22031224.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-37-160-190.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.47661763429641724', 'original_id': '5f3e3f8f1c411f1d3c46bd47f25c34c6e22ebbd8d46a8c40181fb544cf351adf'} |
Roar EP
Release Date:
Dirty Gold is Lincoln and John Ballif & Grant Nassif. Their music is inspired by the sounds of the 50‘s/60’s, eclectic global finds, and drippy guitar lines. Lincoln handles the vocals and lead guitar, John is the keyboardist/rhythm guitarist, and Grant is the drummer. The band started during the summer of 2010, but did not officially form until Grant joined in November 2010.
A product of the 21st century, the nascent group quickly gained recognition through various viral outlets, most importantly, music blogs. Throughout the months following the first releases of the demos “California Sunrise” and “Overboard,” hype for the relatively unknown band grew steadily. Reaching the number two spot on hype machine and permeating the blogosphere, the band developed an international, online fan-base. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9432963132858276}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '21739', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6V3473VTBW3XP27LZ6N3ZQFH6NC6RO4R', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:b049c5d1-137b-4072-b076-51ca8bed8795>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 20, 21, 41, 31), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.218.250.245', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:HGA5MR7O3JYJOBFAPKVS3KFOQ72C2AW4', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:487a6ff1-773f-4638-8994-b43ae1c98f94>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://autumntone.com/album/roar-ep', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d673f604-ce0d-46e6-b27f-f19d58f1ec80>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '128', 'url': 'http://autumntone.com/album/roar-ep', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-31-62-84.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-39\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06202995777130127', 'original_id': '77e72d01ab4136131bfe27fcd72c689c58f80e50ad86626ac356a4398aaf39f3'} |
More than ever and in light of current events with news surrounding tariffs and trade wars, business decision makers are re-examining their China strategies. There has been a huge shift internally which is laid out in China’s 13th five year plan with initiatives for innovation-driven development, higher value-added manufacturing, “green growth” and environmental improvements.
What is causing the cost of goods to increase?
There are three key things that have impacted costs in the past five years.
1. While China’s hourly wages pale to those in the U.S. (avg. $USD 250 per month vs $1,160 ) there are layers of operating costs and fixed overhead that have been added primarily in the areas of increased managerial salaries and social costs (healthcare and China’s version of social security).
2. China is automating positions that once utilized manual labor.
3. Regulatory compliance is having a profound effect. Factories that employed thousands of workers are being closed due to non-compliance. Only the ones who can afford to update will remain in business. This means fewer factories to produce the same categories of exports.
China may be losing its historic cost edge but this is not simple economics of supply and demand. Even, prior to President Trump there were these considerations:
• China’s acknowledgement in the latest five year plan to become a more consumer driven economy
• China’s innovation initiatives meaning more IP development in tech, clean energy and health care
• Improving the environment with a focus on air and water quality
• Drastically reducing exports on “smokestack” or polluting industries
• Reducing a dependence on shadow banking (which would reduce bad loans on failed projects)
• Incentives on FDI (presumably for tech transfer)
Because of this, our clients are having us immediately mitigate risk in their supply chains by exploring hosting manufacturing outsourcing in Southeast Asia. We are visiting Vietnam, Thailand, Taiwan and India to establish small offshoring offices for work still deemed low value add and not feasible for U.S. manufacturing.
Most of our business involves new product startups where it:
(A) Doesn’t make sense to invest in assets until a project is proven
(B) When there are multiple manufacturing disciplines that need to be coordinated and managed. This model does not yet exist in the U.S.
In conclusion
While continued change is imminent, we still see China as a sound opportunity for business and new product startups.
Interested in learning more about the Pros and Cons of manufacturing in China? Click to read our full article here.
Contact Us
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Why Does My Cat Knead Me- Understand Cat Psychology Behind Kneading Humans!
A lot of you may have wondered once in a while that why does my cat knead me because there are so many reasons one can think of behind the vague things cats do. Understanding your cat requires patient observation and constant companionship and we are going to help you give an easier start by giving some of the popular reasons why cats knead.
About the habit of cats kneading
why does my cat knead me
Cats have a set of physical gestures that are mostly instinct related and are performed by cats for different reasons. To that set, belongs the cat’s gesture of kneading surfaces which is also sometimes referred to as the action of cats ‘making biscuits’ because the motion appears similar to us kneading dough.
When cats knead, they move their paws in a rhythmic and repetitive motion towards pushing in and out on any soft surface and using the paws alternatively. This action may also involve claws sometimes as some of the cats stretch and retract their claws while kneading and some would keep the claws inwards all the time. You may see some cats using all their fours to knead while some would only use the front ones.
Important aspects of a cat kneading
Kneading is sort of therapeutic for cats and even if it doesn’t feel good to you making you think that why does my cat knead me all the time, be assured that your cat is never doing it out of any intention to harm you.
Cats would only knead the surfaces that are softer and won’t hurt their paws. The activity is supposed to bring them comfort and relaxation and they would never knead hard surfaces.
Kneading is not the thing of every cat because all of them have different personalities. Thus, you don’t have to start worrying if your cat doesn’t knead you as your neighbor’s cat does. Every cat has a different level of social interaction levels and your cat may choose to show affection in a different way as per choice.
At the same time, cats choose the people they want to knead and it only depends on their liking. Your cat might not even choose the same person for kneading every time and you don’t have to think that it is because of any loss of likeability.
Reasons behind cats kneading
why does my cat knead me
Unfortunately enough, we don’t have any cat dictionary to understand the psychology of cats behind the different things they do or that they would come to us themselves to tell how they feel. What is left for us to rely on are calculated guesses and predictions for understanding our cats and you will have to use them too while understanding why is my cat kneading me. Here are some of the reasons that we think fit in and might help you.
Kneading is instinctual for the cats!
Cats start with kneading since their kittenhood where they would knead the bellies of their mothers whenever they wanted to feed. The milk flow would get stimulated in the mother’s body and she would start to feed the kittens. This instinctual urge continues to exist in cats even as they grow and they get the same feeling of comfort and protection when they knead humans.
Cats knead to mark their territory!
This can be one of the prime reasons behind your cat kneading you because cats are very possessive about the things they like and mark them as their possession via various means, one of them being scent marking. Cats have scent glands in their paws just like the different other parts of their body and when they knead the surface with the paws, the glands release their scent onto it. This way, you are scent marked be your cat and next time when you come back home after playing with another cat, your cat would know!
Cats knead to express demand!
Cats can be very demanding and if you have one of those attention-loving cats, then you might have more moments of ‘my cat kneading me’. Your cat may start kneading you at any odd hour to get something they want that can be attention, food, their favorite toy, a back scratch, or anything. They might knead you with greater intensity for instant attention as some of the smart cats tend to process human responses with time and know just the right amount of cuteness they have to exhibit to become irresistible.
Kneading is hypnotic for cats!
Cats feel immense relaxation when they knead any soft surface and even reach a state of trance that depicts their mood. You may see their face becoming expressionless and their bodies completely stationary as they enjoy the sensations running through the paws. This is an exaggerated response to the feeling of comfort they get from this activity after a period of stress.
Cats knead to express affection!
Every cat has a different way of showing its love and trust for its owner and your cat might be the one using kneading as a way to tell you how much it loves and trusts you. This is just one of the physical gestures that cats show to establish a closer bond with their owners as a response to the care and love you give to them. Cats will only knead the person they trust and if they are doing it to you, understand that they trust you.
Cats knead to soften you!
Kneading was also done by the wild cats to make their survival in the wild better where they would knead leaves or grasses to make it cleaner or softer for sleeping over it. So, whenever you think why does my cat knead me, the answer is that probably it is trying to sleep over you and softening the surface out of instinct. Cats also knead meat before eating it, thus, who knows that they are just seeing you as a delectable piece of food that can be eaten.
Dealing with a cat when it kneads
Kneading can be pleasurable or not and you can use these tips to deal with your cat when it does so:
• Cats may accidentally hurt you sometimes with their claws while kneading and this can be a little painful. If you don’t want them to stop with the kneading but also want to avoid the scratches, keep the claws of your cat trimmed. Watch this video.
• When you are in the ‘cat kneading me’ moment, guide your cat calmly into the right position in your lap so that it can sleep comfortably.
• You can even keep any soft cushion or thick blanket on the favorite spot of your cat when you see them arriving for a nap and start to knead.
• If the behavior turns addictive or you simply don’t like to be kneaded, you can gently call a NO at them. You may have to repeat this response for quite some time till your cat starts understanding that you don’t like the kneading and stop.
• You can also get rid of cat kneading by simply picking your cat softly and placing it at some other softer spot.
• To deter the cats from kneading, you can also use their toys. Motion-sensor toys are a good option since they can be activated from anywhere and your cat will jump to get them.
• The most important thing of all to remember is never punish or shout at your cat when you don’t like their kneading. They knead out of instincts and intend no harm. Remember to be gentle while dealing with them always as harsh treatment can affect your relationship with them.
We hope that all of you cat lovers that have been stuck with why does my cat knead me have gotten the answers. Your kitty surely has mysterious ways to express and all you need to understand them is patience and kindness.
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Men in Black: International
Director: F. Gary Gray
Writers: Art Marcum, Matt Holloway
Men in Black is one of those curious franchises that, even decades after its first release, has yet to prove itself a viable franchise. As is the case with Jurassic Park and Ghostbusters, the continuing popularity of the series has endured almost entirely because of a single original film that no subsequent release has managed to match, never mind surpass. The profits are there, to be sure, but that’s more of a marketing achievement than it is a qualitative one. On the two occasions that the original team from the 1997 hit (minus screenwriter Ed Solomon) reunited to revisit what appeared to be a strong enough foundation upon which to build a continuing franchise, the results have been underwhelming. Whatever the secret ‘X’ factor is that allowed the first Men in Black to be this perfect, unique action-comedy-sci-fi blockbuster, neither of its sequels were able to figure it out. Maybe it’s a case of lightning being captured in a bottle where the success of the original was so singular and unlikely that any attempt to recapture the magic will always be doomed to fail. Or perhaps all Sonnenfeld, Smith and Jones ever needed to do was let the original be and allow somebody else take a crack at the series. With Men in Black: International however, as directed by F. Gary Gray and featuring an all-new cast, comes yet another instalment in a franchise that still cannot justify its own continuation.
The same surface elements are there. We have a mismatched duo in the level-headed rookie Agent M (Tessa Thompson) and the devil-may-care pro Agent H (Chris Hemsworth), some big-budget special effects, and a tone that attempts to thread the needle between buddy comedy, action movie thrills and campy sci-fi. What appears to be missing is an adequate understanding of how the first movie employed those components to make it as enjoyable as it was. When Agent M (or Molly) comes to the secret agency’s London branch (after having learned of their existence and successfully applied to be recruited) and meets her new partner, a celebrated agent who saved the world once before, the spark that the two actors shared in Thor: Ragnarok is entirely absent. The movie doesn’t seem to get that in order for a mismatched double act to work, there needs to be enough contrast to fuel both the comedic and dramatic sides of things. Agents J and K worked well together because it was so much fun to watch the cockiness and immaturity of the former clash with the formality and humourlessness of the latter and there was also ample room for both characters to grow. This movie however doesn’t impart enough of a personality to either character for such a rapport to develop; Agent M is overly confident in herself but not to the point of outright arrogance while Agent H is a maverick but not to the point that he needs to be reined in. The most conflict we get between the two comes in snide remarks and knowing looks.
When it is discovered that the Men in Black (a name that inspires a mildly funny exchange between Agent M and her boss Agent O (Emma Thompson)) has been infiltrated by a mole, it is up to the rookie and her hunky partner to track them down. The case takes them all over the world from Marrakesh to Paris to Naples and along the way there are plenty of action scenes to be had, high-tech gadgets to be used, and weird-looking aliens to meet. It’s a convoluted plot that involves an alien race called the Hive of which we learn little, a three-armed femme fatale named Riza (Rebecca Ferguson), and a tiny weapon capable of Death Star levels of destruction. The movie mostly concerns itself with world building on the mistaken belief that complicating the story is the same thing as making it more interesting. Instead we get a film at odds with itself as it tries to make sense of its own mess. One major plot point is how Agent H has never been the same since the celebrated mission when he and his former partner High T (Liam Neeson) saved the world, a point that holds little water when you compare Hemsworth’s performance in the opening flashback to the rest of the film. On both occasions he plays the role of the dashing hero leaping head first into battle and always wearing a cocky smile. If there was any change in his behaviour, it escaped me.
What the film needed to focus on far more pressingly was the comedy, of which there is depressingly little save for the odd comment made by a tiny, Jiminy-Cricket-looking alien named Pawny (voiced by Kumail Nanjiani). Even if the plot made any kind of sense on its own terms, it wouldn’t matter a bit if the audience didn’t have any fun watching it. The movie gives its two leads little in the way of actual jokes, opting instead for the kind of light, semi-improvisatory banter that tends to prevail in American comedies nowadays, trusting that the stars’ shared charisma and chemistry will be enough to carry the audience through. In a big-budget sci-fi romp that’s constantly rushing from one action set-piece to the next, these scenes grow increasingly meagre and tedious in their aimlessness and failure to add any spark or energy to a movie already lacking in such sensation. Gray, who boasts an adequate enough filmography to feel like a safe bet for this kind of title, directs the movie with the kind of perfunctory competence that is the lifeblood of passable movies. Passable, however, is the wrong approach for a property this weird; the Men in Black universe demands the touch of a director who can transmit a wackier, more cartoonish personality than what Gray has to offer. His style, if it can even be called that, feels far too routine and indifferent.
Too much of Men in Black: International feels calculated in its course rather than inspired. Towards the end as the film starts to realise that it needs to offer some kind of emotional payoff, it suddenly takes a turn and plays around with vague ideas that feel like they were half-heartedly thrown it at the last minute. It’s not even terribly clear what ideas the movie is trying to impart, but as things start to slow down and the music starts playing it’s obvious that we’re supposed to be moved by whatever is happening on screen. I guess there’s something about love or friendship there, although it isn’t really clear which since the film never quite makes its mind up on whether it wants Agents M and H to be understood as love interests or if their relationship is to remain strictly platonic. There’s also some hint of a past trauma that one of them is supposed to overcome, but that whole arc is so confused that it’s difficult to say for sure. The reason these themes are so difficult to define is because they are so largely concerned with indefinitely elaborated relationships and underwritten characters. Whatever ideas this film has on its mind, it doesn’t seem particularly interested in exploring them beyond the minimum required for whatever they think constitutes an emotional beat. So long as it feels like something significant has been said or done, it doesn’t really matter what that is; that’s how little this movie cares about anything beyond the bottom line.
Straight Outta Compton
Director: F. Gary Gray
Writers: Jonathan Herman, Andrea Berloff
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Sunday, 30 August 2015
Skydiving Experience "Yes i Can Fly"
I Crossed several activities off my bucketlist during my Mexico trip, tandem skydiving was one of them I've wanted to go skydiving for a long time. Everyone who’s ever described it to me always does so with a twinkle in their eye. You can feel their joy as they re-tell the story. Now it was my turn. Jumping out of an airplane over the south padre surrounded by beautiful islands! It couldn't get much better than that? Yet somehow butterflies still managed to infiltrate my stomach.While the instructors at south padre island went over details like proper body position, flight time, and how to land standing, I was nervously watching Him yes, pack our chutes off to the side.
Lucky for me he’s been doing it for many, many years. :p lol My first skydive would be a tandem jump, which means I’m attached to the front of an instructor using a special full-body harness. Four attachment points ensure I’m stuck to him like glue. We left the shop and hopped into a van headed for Brownswill International Airport.This is a small plane. It looks like a car with wings.
I peer inside. There’s only one seat. “We sit on the floor” Our tiny aircraft will only fit 4 passengers and the pilot so we all cram in together nice and cozy on the floor of the Cessna.The door shuts. We speed down the runway before gliding up into the sky.A colorful mixture of turquoise blue water, white sand beaches. Kind of looks like a painting down there. it was beautiful.Some of you are wondering if the tandem skydive is scary, and I get comments such as “Should I do it? But I’m afraid of jumping out the plane”. My answer is, “DO IT” and allow me to reassure you about your fears. If I’m honest, there was an occasion on the plane when I got slightly nervous but my excitement level was high!!
Soon I’ll be diving head into that painting.Twenty minutes after takeoff we’re finally at 11,500 feet 2.6 miles in the sky. The pilot signals that he’s in position. Oh Poop . It’s all happening a bit too fast…The door is open. This is actually going to happen.I’ve been pretty calm up until this point. Suddenly adrenaline is rushing through my veins. Wind is whipping around the cabin. I can’t hear anything. For the first few seconds we tumble through the sky in a weightless front flip. I can’t tell which way is up. The earth spins. I’m completely disoriented,and the feeling was "yes i can fly" while Gravity is pulling us downward faster and faster.
We’re still falling, but I can feel air pressure building up beneath us. We’ve hit terminal velocity for a tandem skydive. 120 miles per hour. For about 60 seconds we plummet through the Troposphere. That may not sound like a long time. But it actually feels like 5 minutes.
Suddenly the free-fall experience stops with a jolt. My instructor has pulled the ripcord, unleashing a massive parachute that quickly slows our decent to about 16 mph. The jump isn't over yet though…
Hanging at either side of me are a pair of steering lines. We can control our direction with them, pulling right to turn right, left to turn left. Pulling hard on one side creates a fast (and fun) downward spiral. We glide towards the Earth like this for another 7 minutes. Soon I spot the landing zone!
Yayyyyy "I DiD It" All in all, I had great fun and it’s something everybody should try and do once in their lifetime. I promise, you will not regret it! So what are you waiting for guys! Go on and book one of the most amazing experience of your lifetime! && do share your experience with us.. Happy Jumping!!
1. So cool that you got to go sky diving! What an epic adventure!
2. Wow what an awesome feelings when you are flying and 11k+ feet OMG bit scary : D but I still wanna do it I just wish :). What an awesomeness post. And congrats for your first skydiving :)
3. That sure is life goal for many! though scared a bit, but still I want to fly once, all freeee! =)
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Wednesday, 13 June 2012
ENS & ECTRIMS: the Red Queen is still alive and running, on-the-spot
This is a reposting. I have just returned from the European Neurological Society (ENS) Meeting in Prague. Nothing has changed since the last time I highlighted the issue of the Red Queen.
I still find the marketing fest at the ENS and ECTRIMS very disturbing; the extent to which each pharma company is trying to out do each other is unbelievable. Bigger stands, more staff and an increasing number of highly competitive satellite symposia. All this comes at a time of increasing austerity with increasing numbers of MSers being unable to access DMTs; either they cannot afford the costs or they are not covered by medical insurance. I heard a sad story about an MSer living in the US who is uninsured; he managed to get Natalizumab free via a patient access scheme, but because of the costs of the monthly infusions he was unable to start the drug. I can't tell you how upsetting I find it when I get emails from people needing treatments that they cannot afford; I remain very grateful for the NHS and for living in a country with social healthcare!
The Red Queen Effect, is a term taken from the Red Queen's race in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass. The Red Queen said, "It takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place." The marketing departments of Big Pharma are simply feeding the Red Queen as they try to compete with each other; in reality they are simply running on the spot with the downside of reputational damage. When MSers see the marketing extravaganza that comes with meetings such as the ENS and ECTRIMS it is no wonder they don't respect us and doubt our intentions. This is one of the issues that feeds the social phenomenon that underpins the CCSVI conspiracy theory. If we don't address this issue the CCSVI phenomenon will simply reoccur.
I would like to propose that Big Pharma continues to look at its self in the mirror, rejects the Red Queen Effect and comes up with something more sustainable that will help us regain our self respect and more importantly the respect of the community that we serve.
1. The real scandal is that the current drugs are so expensive, yet poor in terms of efficacy.
Neuros paid by the NHS should be doing a full weeks work - that's what I do in my job.
I'd introduce a scheme like the Register of Members Interests in the UK Houses of Parliament. This would provide information on all the earnings of NHS doctors. I still find it distasteful that a doctor working for the NHS can be earning extra income (I suspect substantial extra income) from advising companies, consulting fees etc etc. Surely the main work should be in the clinic treating patients - no wonder there are delays for patients.
No one is going to rock the boat as everyone (company officials, shareholders, neuros, research teams), apart from MS patients, are all doing very nicely. I'm glad you see what it is Prof G. But will you bite the hand/s that feed you. Independent / unbiased research is what we need - but no one will pay for this.
2. "Real scandal is that drugs are so expensive".
I agree. This has arisen because MSers or their insurance companies have paid for them. When beta interferon was first developed it was an expensive processs to make, hence the premium price.
Having seen that people will pay this, meant that companies now became interested in MS but it meant also that an new more effective drug was bound to be more expensive. The price has no bearing on cost of manufacture of research costs.
As I have said before lobby your MS societies to investigate i.v. cladribine (not the oral version which worked, but was canned) it is way cheaper than beta interferon but twice as effective.
Get the safety data sorted and bobs your uncle
CoI. None.
However, as you kill the golden goose for the immunosuppressives market, it may kill companies investing in treatments for other aspects of disease. They do this because they think they can make money.
3. Very true. Noble thoughts.
But only regulation can break the vicious circle.
When the US banned Tobacco producers from advertising years back, their bottom line (i.e. profit went up) as they saved from spending on marketing, PR and advertising!
They did not fear loosing any market share as no one had a competitive advantage. Ironically, they were better off.
Pharma/biotec should have the same regulatory framework. This should be supplemented with regulatory R&D ratios (i.e. pushing the firms to invest more in research and less on empty talk).
Think banking.
4. Re 'Surely the main work should be in the clinic treating patients':
Surely working towards better treatments is more important? It's extra income for extra work that will help many more patients.
5. Although Prof G may want to add to this, as someone more distant from the issue. I will try and answer your comments, which are taken on board and accepted as valid and useful points.
"Neuros paid by the NHS should be doing a full weeks work...that's what I do in my job".
However, have you considered that Neuros may not be paid full-time by the NHS. They may be part-time with the NHS and part-time with other sources. Also is your full time a 36h/week (EU standard) or a 90h/week?. I know where Prof. G's work load is nearer.
"I still find it distasteful that a doctor working for the NHS can be earning extra income from advising companies" (Surely it is correct that companies pay for services rendered as you would in any walk of life.......what one does with the cash is surely more of an issue. Would you object if it was used to support independent/unbiased research?
I suspect you wouldn't. However from the Research Teams perspective I can honestly say that it is not all very nice as you seem to is a very tough environment, which is getting worse, especially with the turmoil in the UK academic sector with the withdrawal of huge amounts of government investment and the introduction of tutition fees. It is adapt or die. Therefore we have to be inventive about how we support our work, if we can get it from the pharmaceutical industry so be it. Who you rather spend 4 months or 3 years getting something supported.
Surely the issue of private consultations is by far more relevant about how one lines one's pockets as a consultant neuro.
If the system requires more transparency I am sure that Prof G would embrace this.
At the moment Prof G does not do private practise, so why not ask for example Dr Tom Gihooly (, what he does with the cash from private consultations and delivery of procedures and medicines that are not yet supported by hard data from robust independent trials.
Finally, if we want to help treat people, we need more effective drugs! The most realistic way of doing this is in partnership with the pharmaceutical industry. The pipeline of drugs from the pharmaceutical Industry is drying up, but academics don't know how to make drugs.
As a neuro it is not good to be seen to be in the pocket of one company, as you can be seen to be a lap dog. Therefore best to be in bed with all of them or none of them.
If you are in bed with them, then your patients may have the option of getting access to that new drug (via a trial) years before it becomes available on the NHS and you are on the pulse of where new treatments are happening. Where you you rather be?
6. Think banking....Urgh
Think regulation, I'm for that but how do you get and impose worldwide regulation?
In the world of multi-nationals if you don't like a country's policies you move shop elsewhere.
There should be a unified patent system rather than the country by country system in place now. This only serves to make money for Lawyers and increase the costs of drugs.
7. Dr Mouse,
Thanks for your response. I worked in the military and working for a defence firm at the same time was a complete no-no. Could you imagine the public outcry if the army had bought new equipment and that it transpired that I had taken consulting fees from the company while in the army? I'm pretty clear cut on these issues. If you are a doctor (any specialism) then you can decide to work for the NHS or work for a company. Having a foot in both is the worst scenario. I've never bought into Prof G's argument that it's OK to take the money from all of them as this shows there's no bias! The companies develop drugs to sell. I would prefer a public funded research facility which would break the direct link between profit (companies) and passion (doctors). Neuros who receive fees from Biogen may well recommend Tysabri for a patient. I feel uncomfortable with this scenario - it just doesn't see right. Prof G is an good egg, but the current model is not one I support.
8. Research Active Neuros working within the NHS will invarably be involved in studies with the Pharmaceutical Industry. This invariably involves some funding somewhere, whether it is to the individual or in the UK more usually the university. Yes there are some white knights out there but not many. Furthermore if they are involved in a publically funded trial of a drug at some stage, this will involve a pharmaceutical company somewhere in the pipeline as most neuros do not make drugs, they have to get them from somewhere.
You also have to look at NICE as it has been as much them you influence drug availability rather than the neuros doing the trials.
I would prefer a public funded research facility.....if I were on the recieving end but this facility does not exist so we deal with the world we have as best as we can.
With regard funding and recommending treatments. This is a fair point and I believe it has happened/happens, hence need for transparency and procedures to avoid the neuro bias. Informed patients help deal with this. We want the BLOG to help inform.
9. A long thread...
MouseDoc: Regulation works. Di the investment banks leave the City to Dubai?
-I want max 2% of every penny big pharma receive invested in marketing and lobbying.
-I want 60% of every penny invested in R&D.
-I want a Ferrari.
You can enforce regulation as such: (i) Variable tax rate depending on marketing expenditure (ii) not selling products locally produced by offshore firms not following the same rules (iii) public funded universities to cut ties with pharma who don't obey.
Firms don't migrate from west to east if you level the playing field, they migrate if they are singled out.
10. oh... and Gihooly is a snake-oil salesman. A disillusioned thief!
You should lobby the UK's medical board to withdraw his license.
11. Prof G has been very silent on this issue. Is it hitting a raw (demyelinated) nerve?
12. Antoine. Nice post...if only
I'm sure Prof G will get his tongue going but he is very busy.... and not dodging the issue. Whilst there were a lot of posts in the Summer, our students are back and G has teaching commitments, research commitments, organisational commitments in addition to the day job as an NHSer.
13. Re: "Prof G has been very silent on this issue. Is it hitting a raw (demyelinated) nerve?"
Not at all; simply too busy in my day job.
Can I please refer you to a previous posting on this blog?
The bottom line is that in reality it is only pharma that has the skill set and resources to develop drugs. The average cost of developing a drug is simply too high and the risks too great to be taken up by academia or the state.
At the end of the day we have to be pragmatic about things; if you want new and more effective treatments for MS'ers we need to support industry. All I am asking for is that Industry becomes more socially responsible and addresses issues in relation to its tarnished reputation and our reputations as a result of collaborating with them.
We need a healthy and vibrant pharmaceutical industry; our health and the health of the nation depends on it.
It is also not a them and us scenario; we work together as partners. Industry needs our skills and expertise to help them design and run trials and in some cases to help them set the research agenda. For example, the Mouse Doctor and myself have been lobbying several pharma companies to develop better symptomatic treatments for MS'ers; we don't benefit personally from this activity, but we hope you will in the future.
Finally, if you take a broader vision and look at other emerging health issues in relation to the neurodegenerative diseases, in particular dementia and Parkinson's disease, I have little doubt that it will be a partnership between Industry and Academia that will deliver the treatments we so desperately need. Neither party can do it on its own.
14. Re: "Neuros paid by the NHS should be doing a full weeks work - that's what I do in my job."
Yep, they do! The modern NHS job planning process takes into account what we do every 15 minutes of the day. We can only attend conferences as part of allocated study leave; it is a statutory requirement for us to do participate in CPD.
Regarding myself; I am not employed by the NHS, but the University. I am paid to be a researcher; I am expected to participate in academic activities and that includes attending conferences to present our work. Please see the following post, which summarises our work that was presented at ECTRIMS:
For those of you who think attending ECTRIMS was a jolly are wrong; I worked 18 hour days and arrived back late on Saturday night exhausted and with an inbox of over 800 emails. The only time I had off in the week was on the Friday night when I joined the team for dinner and drinks.
15. Prof G,
I'd like to retract my earlier comments - I'd assumed you were employed by the NHS (a fulltime doctor). That's why I was surprised that there was so much contact with industry. As a research employed by a University, I now understand the position. Once again, apoloigies.
16. Even though I am employed by the University I still spend 50% of my time seeing patients under the NHS and about 20% of my time teaching (undergraduates and post-graduates). I don't do any private practice.
17. Look at the timings of the comments..there's no sleep for the wicked (Prof G), thats where the day starts.
18. I don't think many realise is that our group really wants to cure MS for good and if that means putting ourselves out of a job, so be it!
To do this we have to work with Pharma but as mentioned above they must look at themselves with regard to pricing. The current situation is unacceptable.
19. All your achievements and working round the clock (the whole team) is beginning to make me feel inadequate! Maybe not - as a full time worker with SPMS + loads of voluntary work too I think I should give myself a bit of a break! Honestly it is great what you do, guys, and I have no doubt that you want to do the absolute best for the MS community.
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Campaign for Compliance with the Nuclear Ban Treaty
Campaign description from Nuclear Ban US (excerpts)
The Campaign for Treaty Compliance is about getting individuals, businesses, faith communities, schools, organizations, cities and states to be in ‘compliance’ with the Nuclear Ban Treaty. This will put pressure on the nuclear weapons industry and eventually force the federal government to implement the Treaty.
Click for more information about…
Becoming ‘treaty compliant’ yourself
For most people, Treaty Compliance is pretty simple. It means:
* You are not employed by any of the companies that make nuclear weapons.
* You do not have personal investments in any of them.
* You will not buy any of their products in future . . .
Helping to get a group or organization to be ‘treaty compliant'(neighborhood, club, school, university, business, faith community, civic organization)
Any organization or institution that wants to be on the right side of history and help rid the world of nuclear weapons can decide to be in ‘compliance’ with the Nuclear Ban Treaty. To have the force of legality behind it, normally it will be the board or trustees or some similar body who will need to agree to this. That body may then oversee the rest of the process or assign a smaller (sub-)committee to do so. . . .
(Continued in right column)
Question related to this article:
Can we abolish all nuclear weapons?
(Continued from left column)
Working locally to get your town/city to be ‘treaty compliant’
There are 220 towns, cities, counties and Native American nations across the United States which declared themselves Nuclear Free Zones (NFZs) in the 1980s. Some of the local ordinances and city codes that established these zones were largely symbolic, but many had real teeth and included fines and other sanctions for violations. Sample ordinances and city codes are located here.
Many of these existing NFZs are already Treaty Compliant with the Nuclear Ban Treaty. Others may want to revise their existing legislation to be fully in compliance with the new Treaty.
In addition to NFZs, there are 211 cities in the United States who have signed the Mayors for Peace (MfP) covenant. This commits the mayor to “make every effort…to achieve the total abolition of nuclear weapons…” These mayors may choose to appoint a Mayoral Commission to oversee Treaty Compliance for their city. . . .
Campaigning state-wide to get your state to be ‘treaty compliant’
Individual states of the Union cannot sign international agreements, but they can decide to comply with such agreements. When President Trump announced he would be pulling the United States out of the Paris Climate Agreement, cities and states across the country stepped up to the plate to commit themselves to this Agreement, with or without the federal government’s blessing.
Sixteen states (plus Puerto Rico) have so far committed themselves to meeting these targets because they recognize that climate change poses an existential threat to humanity and that the US government is out of step with the global consensus on what to do to address this problem. Nuclear weapons also pose an existential threat to humanity, and once again the US government is out of step with the global consensus on how to eliminate these weapons once and for all. . . .
Campaigning nationally to get the federal government to sign the Treaty
The only protection from nuclear weapons is to eliminate them all. The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons bans all nuclear weapons and seeks their total elimination. Ultimately, we want the US President to sign this Treaty, we want the Senate to ratify it, and we want to see it fully implemented and enforced. You can sign the WILPF petition calling for this here. You can also urge your member of Congress to sign the ICAN Parliamentary Pledge here. . . .
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I almost marked Cold Kiss as a fail, and it was about ten pages (90 pages in) away from being DNF'd when I finally got in the story that Ms. Garvey had laid out in it and ended up unable to put it down.
I'm thinking that this will be an interesting review since I went from not really liking it at all, to unable to put it down. Well stay tuned and I'll fill you on how exactly that happened.
The main reason I kept reading, even when I thought I wasn't going to finish it, was that I was really enjoying Ms. Garvey's writing. Even though it took me what felt like ages to get into Cold Kiss I'm glad that I didn't give up on it because the writing is what will definitely have me checking out whatever Ms. Garvey pens next.
For most of the book I didn't care for the MC, Wren. I know she was going through a very tough time having lost her boyfriend, but she annoyed me because she was just so selfish. I know that's how she was supposed to come across, because let's face it she did the unthinkable by using her power to bring someone back from the dead and while that made for an interesting plot point, it also made it hard for me to like her. But I will say that she annoyed me less when she finally started down the path to setting things right.
The part of the book where I really began to get into the story, just so happens to be my favorite part of the book as well was when Wren finally began to admit to herself that the Danny she brought back was in no way the one that she knew. I liked this part the most because Ms. Garvey did an excellent job of portraying the roller coaster of emotions that Wren went through, and it just made for some great reading.
What very nearly turned me off on finishing Cold Kiss was that it took forever to get going, like, 100 pages forever. But once you hit the hundred page marker things begin to really pick up and get interesting, especially since that's about when things begin to truly unravel for Wren. So worst thing about this book is the slow start, but after that it’s a really good read.
I also have very mixed feelings about how Cold Kiss ended. I felt that one aspect of the story was just left too open ended and that all of the questions that were posed throughout the book were not answered, like, where and why did Wren's father leave, and why did her mother suddenly turn against the power that they have. I would have liked to have seen a little more of a definite end to that part of the story line.
Content (will contain spoilers): Let's see, underage drinking (done by Danny and one of his friends, which was also the cause of the crash the killed him). It's hinted at throughout the whole book that Wren and Danny slept together, but isn't actually mentioned until the near the end of the book. There is also some swearing.
Final Verdict: Cold Kiss a fairly powerful read about loss, grief, and how what we want isn't necessarily what we really need. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '1829c0dd8b7b3430ffde71e2e3c170596e2b75778806d9ad404ccc4c1127fb3c'} |
WowWee Roboraptor
Description
Evidence that the robotic dinosaur revolution is spreading, this Roboraptor comes fully assembled and ready to roam the earth with his robotic dinosaur cousins. He has movable arms, a swiveling head, a sweeping tail, and a chomping jaw full of pointy teeth. Measuring 32 inches from nose to tail, the Roboraptor is a big enough to intimidate any smaller predator that may come along. While this raptor hasn’t yet developed his full hunting skills, he’s still a lot of fun and comes with over 40 preprogrammed functions, three distinct moods, and the ability to detect things in its path with infrared vision. He also comes equipped with automatic shutoff and a demo mode. Roboraptor is steady on his feet, but works best on smooth, hard surfaces. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'f81cb78a6d84da2385eac325449956bd291f5904e62673f4f1f776453aed84ec'} |
It’s funny, when you were a kid, you didn’t have a worry in the world.
Never once were you worried about the clothes you wore (thanks mom for the pants with the zipper at the knee), or about the music you listened to, and especially not about how much money you had in your wallet, or more like piggy bank.
And within a blink of an eye, you are all grown up. Now entering a new chapter of life with a new set of responsibilities, priorities and questions needed to be answered.
Almost guaranteed, many of us have asked ourselves: what do I want to be when I grow up?
You may have answered with an occupation, adjective or possibly the most common response with “I don’t know.”
But, you may have suspected you wanted to continue your education onward in college.
Who wouldn’t want to expand their knowledge and make a difference in the world?
Blink again and you are now done with the best four, maybe five years of your life and you are now thrown into the “adult world”. What happens next?
With college being a heavy expense, many students take out student loans. Most loans need to be repaid and follow a specific payment schedule.
Your major and career path will determine how much schooling will be required, which also determines the amount of student aid you will need.
College education is now more expensive than ever, which is forcing students to take out multiple loans to cover the expenses.
Now here’s the question: how long does it take to pay off all student loans?
To put in perspective, post-graduate students are delaying their home buying plans because of their student loans.
According to a recent study conducted by the American Student Assistance (ASA), 71 percent of student loan borrowers are delaying their home buying plans because of their student loans.
Which leads us to this – how does student debt affect mortgage?
Buyer’s top concern
As the Millennial generation is approaching the idea of obtaining a mortgage, there is one main factor that is holding them back; their student loans.
Americans are geared to continue their education past high school and onto college. However, the burden of student loans is making the want and need to heighten their knowledge a struggle.
To paint a picture, here’s a little breakdown on the latest report on student loans:
• In 2017, there is $1.44 trillion in total U.S. student loan debt
• There are 44.2 million Americans with student loan debt
• The average monthly student loan payment (for borrowers aged 20 to 30 years): $351
• The median monthly student loan payment (for borrowers aged 20 to 30 years): $203
And the daunting question remains: why is it so expensive to gain a higher education?
With the heavy responsibility paying off student loans, it is clear why buyers are hesitant on whether they are ready to finance a home.
The amount of debt all students accumulate to further their education is freighting. And unfortunately, there seems to be no signs of the expense slowing down.
How does student debt affect mortgage?
Not only does student debt create stress financially, but it also can complicate your mortgage process.
To apply for a mortgage, your lender will require specific information from you, like your employment history, income, W-2’s and any debts.
Yep, mortgage lenders pay special attention to the debt you already owe, whether it is for a student, car credit card or any other type of loan.
Student loans in particular, affect your mortgage loan application more so than other loans. Due to their balance size and long-term repayment schedules, your lender will analyze and judge your financial ability to afford a mortgage.
However, it is possible to get a mortgage loan while having student debt. Your lender will carefully look at your front-end and back-end debt-to-income ratio (DTI) to conclude the amount you can afford for a mortgage loan.
What is a front-end ratio?
A front-end ratio is also known as a housing ratio. This ratio can be calculated by dividing your projected monthly mortgage payments by your gross monthly income (your income before taxes).
A projected mortgage payment takes into account of your principal taxes, insurance and interest payments, collectively known as PITI.
For example, Ian earns $50,000 a year, which is about $4,166 per month.
Ian’s PITI comes to $1,200 per month.
To calculate the front-end ratio, divide the PITI by the gross monthly income: $1,200 / $4,166 = .28 percent.
In the end, your lender will set the term of the limit for conventional loans. This term can vary depending on your lender, but generally, you can expect ranges from 28 to 36 percent for front-end ratios.
What is a back-end ratio?
A back-end ratio looks at your debts and other current financial obligations. Your lender will calculate this ratio by adding your monthly debt payments and then dividing that number by your gross monthly income.
These debts can come from credit card payments, PITI on your mortgage, car loans and of course, student loans.
For example, Ian still earns $50,000 a year, so his monthly income is $4,166.
His PITI is still $1,200 per month.
Now, let’s add his debts. Ian has a credit card balance with a $50 per month minimum payment. Along with his student loan payment of $375 per month.
Ian’s total monthly debt payments include: PITI ($1,200) + credit card ($50) + student loans ($375) = $1,625.
To calculate the back-end ratio, divide the monthly debt payments by the gross monthly income: $1,625 / $4,166 = .39 percent.
Here’s the catch – usually, lenders like to see a back-end ratio under 36 percent for conventional loans. If you are taking out an FHA loan, the highest back-end ratio is 41 percent.
For Ian’s case, he could qualify for an FHA loan, but maybe not so much a conventional loan. This scenario demonstrates on how student loans or other debts can affect your ability to qualify for a mortgage loan.
What other factors should you consider?
things to consider
There are a number of other factors you should consider before you take the plunge into homeownership. For example:
Down payment
As a general rule of thumb, it’s best advised to save enough for a 20 percent down payment. The amount you put down will affect your front-end ratio, meaning, the more you borrow, the higher the projected mortgage payment. If you save enough for a 20 percent down payment, your student loans are unlikely to affect your mortgage loan process.
Amount of income
Your income is a huge deciding factor whether to accept you as a loan applicant. Your lender will look at your debt-to-income ratio (both front and back-end) to assess your debts and earnings. Although student loans create a large dent in your pocket, your lender may look beyond the total balance. Some lenders are more willing to accept applicants with student loans because they most likely have a bachelor’s degree or higher. Meaning, they have a higher income.
Employment history
If you spent your early adult years in graduate school, you most likely have built up a few more thousand dollars of student debt. This won’t necessarily set you back, however, the lack of employment might. As part of the mortgage application process, your lender looks at your credit history. In addition to your employment history; most lenders want to see at least two years of employment history. Some lenders even require applicants to stay at the same company for two years to show consistency. If you have under two years, you may get denied from getting a loan.
Still interested in buying a home?
Yes, it is possible to obtain a mortgage while having student loan payments. However, you need to be comfortable with the idea of having two large debts over a long period of time.
Before taking on a new set of responsibilities, here are the top four things you must do if you are buying a home with student loans:
1. Improve your credit score
Without a doubt, the most important piece of information your lender will look at is your credit score. This determine whether or not they will accept you as a loan applicant. If you have student loans and you are paying them on time, you can maintain a good credit score.
If you are looking for ways to improve your credit score, there are four easy ways:
a. Pay your bills on time – Never miss a payment. Always pay your bills on time and in full. This way, you can build a solid and steady financial reputation.
b. Manage your credit utilization – Credit utilization is the ratio between your credit balances to your total available credit lines. Let’s say Ian has credit lines totaling in $3,000 and his credit balances total of $1,000. Divide Ian’s credit balances total by his credit lines: $1,000 / $3,000 = .30 percent. To manage your credit utilization well, it’s best to use no more than 30 percent of your available credit.
c. Don’t close old accounts – It seems logical to close an account that is old or not as active. However, this is not the best solution. Older bank accounts, especially in good financial standing, can help improve your credit score. This is because of its long credit history and maturity.
d. Use different types of credit – Lenders need to evaluate your credit history before they can approve you. If you have only one debt payment, it’s hard for lenders to judge whether or not you can handle a mortgage. Try using different types of credit, such as credit card payments or car loans. This will show your lender you can handle other types of debt.
2. Decrease your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio
As mentioned earlier, your lender will analyze your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which will help determine your ability to make monthly mortgage payments.
If you are buying a house with student loans, lenders will take this information into account.
Meaning, they follow a specific model called the 28/36 qualifying ratio to determine if you are eligible for the best rates.
Simply, this rule implies that you should spend no more than 28 percent of your gross monthly income on total housing expenses and no more than 36 percent on total debt service (including the new mortgage payment).
The most effective way to reduce your DTI is to increase your income. Either take a second job, get a side gig or ask for a raise.
Increasing your income will help pay off loans easier and add to your gross monthly total.
Depending on your financial status and loan situation, you may be able to refinance or consolidate your student loans to obtain a lower monthly payment.
If you choose to refinance or choose a new repayment plan, this could help improve your DTI.
3. Get pre-approved
Every mortgage process should start by getting pre-approved.
A pre-approval from a lender will help straighten out your finances and see what else is required from you.
During this process, your lender will observe your income, employment history, credit history and assets.
First and foremost, your lender will look at your financial history. All funds and transactions will need to be sourced and explained to your lender.
Especially any large deposits into your bank account that does not come from your income.
As a first-time homebuyer, it is not uncommon to receive a little financial help from your parents or a close family member. Or participate in a local homebuyer program.
These funds are called gifts, and these too need to be sourced and cite by a lender’s gift letter. If this financial help is intended to be used for a down payment, it needs to be sourced as a gift, not a loan.
When you are being pre-approved, your lender will require specific information and documents from you to accurately determine your eligibility.
Some basic documents include your W-2’s, two years of federal tax returns, 2 months’ work of bank statements and much more.
4. Consider financial assistance
Depending on what state and city you live in, there are several financial assistance programs people can take advantage of.
These programs are intended to help potential homebuyers with down payment assistance, refinancing and scholarships for loans.
In addition to these financial assistance programs, the type of loan you chose can help lower the costs of a mortgage.
For example, if you qualify for an FHA loan, your down payment can be little as 3.5%. A USDA loan on the other hand, requires no down payment, but these loans are granted for those who live in rural areas.
Wait it out
Sometimes, it’s worth the wait and put the homeownership dream on hold.
If it is difficult to manage and keep up with current payments or if your loans are in forbearance, it’s best to wait it out until you are financially ready to handle a mortgage.
You also have to be comfortable balancing two large debts over a long period of time. Your amount of income should help you confidently decide if you are ready to handle that type of financial responsibility.
In addition, you will need to prioritize and clearly sort out your goals.
Ask yourself:
Will this new debt set you back in other areas in your life?
Will you have to cut back on other expenses or contributions, such as your retirement plan?
Logically and realistically consider what your top priorities are and plan accordingly.
It may be frustrating to accept the fact your student loans are holding you back from financing a mortgage, but it could be worth the wait.
This can actually be a blessing in disguise.
If you delay your plans for a few more years and have paid off some of your student loans or other debts, this could help you qualify for a lower interest rate or a higher loan amount.
In addition, this extra time can help you build a better credit score and financially stabilize yourself so you can have the home of your dreams.
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Background
==========
Crohn\'s disease (CD) is an inflammatory, autoimmune disease of the bowel that causes non-specific symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhoea, anorexia and fatigue. The aetiology of CD is unknown \[[@B1]\] with environmental, immune, psychological and genetic factors believed to be involved \[[@B2],[@B3]\]. CD is thought to arise primarily due to inappropriate chronic T-lymphocyte activation, with tissue damage induced by secondary macrophage activation \[[@B4],[@B5]\]. The prospect that CD is a form of T-helper type 1 (Th1) cell-dominant autoimmune disease is gaining acceptance, with support from the current use of immunosuppressants \[[@B4],[@B5]\].
There is currently no cure for CD, although various agents are used to induce and maintain remission and improve quality of life \[[@B6]-[@B8]\]. These include 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA); antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and metronidazole; systemic or topical corticosteroids; and immunosuppressants, such as methotrexate and thiopurines (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine). There are, however, limitations associated with each of these conventional therapies, such as poor or unproven efficacy (5-ASA, antibiotics, azathioprine), potentially serious side-effects (corticosteroids, methotrexate), or a slow onset of action (thiopurines) \[[@B9]\]. More recently, infliximab and adalimumab (anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha) have been approved for use in patients with moderate-to-severe CD, natalizumab (anti-alpha-4 integrin) has been rejected in Europe for the treatment of CD (regulatory evaluation is ongoing in the USA) and a number of other biological therapies are in development for CD \[[@B10]\].
CD is an autoimmune condition characterized by a marked infiltration and accumulation of activated Th1-type CD4+ T cells and macrophages in inflamed intestinal mucosa, suggesting that the Th1 cell plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tissue damage in CD \[[@B4],[@B5]\]. Studies indicate that the cytokine interleukin (IL)-12, the major Th1-inducing factor, contributes to the local inflammatory response in CD \[[@B11]\]. Indeed, studies consistently demonstrate that IL-12 levels are elevated in CD mucosa, and that boosting lamina propria Th1-cell responses with IL-12 produces severe mucosal degeneration \[[@B12]-[@B15]\]. Murine models have also shown that neutralization of IL-12 leads to a rapid and complete recovery of experimental colitis resembling CD \[[@B16]\]. Studies of anti-IL-12 antibodies in CD have reported beneficial effects \[[@B10]\].
Interferon (IFN) beta-1a, 44 mcg administered subcutaneously (sc) three times weekly (tiw) (Rebif^®^, Merck Serono S.A. -- Geneva, Switzerland), is an approved treatment for patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Among other pathogenic targets, IFN beta has been shown to down-modulate T-cell activation by altering the expression of proteins involved in antigen presentation, and studies indicate that it also promotes the differentiation of activated T cells away from a Th1 response (pro-inflammatory) and towards a T-helper-type 2 (Th2) response (anti-inflammatory) \[[@B17]\]. Accordingly, IFN beta down-regulates the expression of IL-12 and promotes the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines \[[@B17]\].
Given these mechanisms of action, and the consistent efficacy and tolerability of IFN beta-1a in patients with MS \[[@B18]\], it was of interest to discover whether IFN beta-1a could offer effective treatment for CD, with fewer side-effects and toxicity issues than existing treatments. A dose-finding study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of IFN beta-1a in patients with CD. The standard dose used for the treatment of MS (44 mcg tiw) was compared with two doses lying on either side of the recommended weekly dosage regimen: one the same dose but less frequent (44 mcg twice weekly \[biw\]), and the other a higher dose with the same frequency (66 mcg tiw).
Methods
=======
This was a 52-week, multicentre (40 investigators in seven countries from North America and Europe), double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II, dose-finding study (protocol 22916) of IFN beta-1a sc for the maintenance of remission in adult patients with CD. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant before the initiation of the study.
Ethical approval
----------------
The study was approved by the local ethics committees (ECs) or institutional review boards (IRBs), and conducted between December 2001 and September 2003 according to the principles of good clinical practice and with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2000) \[[@B19],[@B20]\]. A complete listing of the ethics committees that granted approval for the study is listed below:
### Belgium
Commissie Voor Medische Ethiek/Klinisch Onderzoek, Leuven
### Germany
Ethikkommission der Landesärztekammer Westfalen-Lippe, Münster; Ethikkommission der Medizinischen Fakultat der CAU, Kiel; Ethikkommission der Landesärztekammer Schleswig-Holstein, Bad Segeberg
### Italy
Comitato Etico Indipendente Locale, Azienda Ospedaliera \"Ospedale Policlinico Consorziale\" di Bari, Bari
### Norway
Regional Etikk Komite Sor, Oslo
### Serbia
Ethics Committee and Committee for Drugs, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade; Clinical Centre Serbia Ethical Committee, Belgrade; Klinicki Centar Zemun Eticki Komitet, Beograd-Zemun
### Sweden
Research Ethical Committee, Department of Medicine-Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå
### United Kingdom
Huntingdon Local Research Ethics Committee, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge; Cambridge Local Research Ethics Committee, Addenbrooke\'s NHS Trust, Cambridge; Rotherham Health Authority Local Research Ethics Committee, Rotherham.
Study objectives
----------------
The primary objective was to determine the optimal dose of IFN beta-1a, based on safety and efficacy, for maintaining remission of CD in patients in whom remission had been achieved using steroids in the 4 weeks prior to study entry. Secondary objectives included determining the effect of IFN beta-1a on the time to relapse, patients\' quality of life (using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire \[IBDQ\]), Crohn\'s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score, biological markers of inflammation, fistulas and antibodies to IFN beta-1a.
Patients
--------
IFN beta-naïve patients aged 18 years or older were included if they had an established diagnosis of CD by standard criteria (i.e. endoscopy, histology, barium contrast radiograph of gastrointestinal tract, or other recognized criteria) and had gone into remission, defined as a decrease in the CDAI to ≤150 points, using corticosteroids within 4 weeks prior to study day 1 (SD1). On SD1, patients were to be receiving ≥20 mg/day and ≤40 mg/day of prednisone or its equivalent, or 6--9 mg/day of budesonide, and to be able to comply with and tolerate the steroid-tapering schedule. Steroid tapering was performed over a maximum of 11 weeks (depending on dose at study entry), as follows. Prednisone (or prednisone equivalent) dosage was reduced on a weekly basis in increments of 5 mg/day down to a dosage of 10 mg/day, and thereafter by weekly increments of 2.5 mg/day, until complete withdrawal. Budesonide dosage was reduced by 3.0 mg/day at 3-weekly intervals from 9.0 mg/day to 3.0 mg/day, followed by complete withdrawal after 4 weeks of the 3.0 mg/day dose. Patients were not to have been taking anti-inflammatory agents, immunosuppressants, immunomodulators and anti-cytokines for \>2 weeks preceding the day of study screening, and they were not to have been receiving any other therapy for the maintenance of remission in CD. Patients were required to have adequate bone marrow reserve (defined by white blood cell count ≥3.5 × 10^9^/L, neutrophils ≥1.5 × 10^9^/L, thrombocytes ≥100 × 10^9^/L and haemoglobin ≥8.5 g/dL), adequate liver function (defined by total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase or alkaline phosphatase levels \<2 times the upper limit of normal) and adequate renal function (defined by serum creatinine level \<2.0 mg/dL). Female patients had to be post-menopausal, surgically sterilized or to have agreed to use appropriate contraception for the duration of the study, and to have been neither pregnant nor breast-feeding.
Patients were excluded if they required maintenance treatment for the management of CD or had participated in any other investigational study or received an experimental therapeutic procedure considered to interfere with the study within 3 months of SD1. Patients could not have had a stoma, symptoms of intestinal stenosis regarded mainly as non-inflammatory, active infection, or a history of cancer or systemic disease that could have interfered with patient safety, compliance or evaluation of CD. Patients were also excluded if they needed emergency surgery (for uncontrollable haemorrhage, persistent non-inflammatory intestinal obstruction or perforation), had scheduled elective surgery (during the study period) or had surgery in the 4 weeks preceding SD1, or if they had an unstable psychiatric disorder, severe depressive disorder and/or suicidal ideation, epilepsy with a history of seizures not adequately controlled by treatment, or allergies to paracetamol, human serum albumin or mannitol.
Two main populations were analysed in this study: a modified intention-to-treat (ITT) population for efficacy parameters and an \'all treated patients\' population for safety parameters. The modified ITT population comprised all randomized patients who received ≥1 injection of the study medication and had data from ≥1 post-SD1 visit. A modified ITT population was used because 1 patient in the placebo group had received IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw in error throughout the study. Data for this patient are presented according to the treatment received and not the randomized treatment group. The \'all treated patients\' population included patients who were randomized and who received ≥1 injection of study medication.
Treatment
---------
Patients underwent randomization (1:1:1:1) to one of four groups: IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw, IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw, IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw or matching placebo tiw (same excipients but no IFN beta-1a). Treatment was to be self-administered by sc injection for a total of 52 weeks. Randomization took place within 24 hours prior to the first dose of study medication, according to a computer-generated randomization list stratified by geographical region, which was allocated through a centralized telephone randomization system.
The efficacy and safety assessments carried out at each visit from SD1 to 4 weeks following the last injection are summarized in Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"}.
######
Summary of efficacy and safety assessments carried out throughout the study
Treatment period (weeks) Post-treatment period (weeks)
----------------------------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------
**SD1** **2** **6** **10** **14** **18** **22** **26** **34** **42** **52** **4**
Efficacy and safety assessments\* X X X X X X X X X X X
IBDQ assessment X X X
CDAI assessment X X X X X X X X X X X
CRP X X X X X X X X X
ESR X X X X X X X X X
Antibodies to IFN beta-1a X X X
Thyroid function X X X
Urinalysis X X X X
Pregnancy testing X X X X X
CDAI: Crohn\'s disease activity index; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; IBDQ: inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire; IFN, interferon; SD1, study day 1
\*Safety data were obtained by monitoring adverse events/serious adverse events, concomitant medications, physical examinations, vital signs and routine analysis of blood (haematology and chemistry)
Efficacy measures
-----------------
The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who maintained remission (relapse-free) and did not receive any additional treatment for the management of CD by Week 26. Relapse was defined by an increase in the CDAI to a total score of ≥200 points at any time, and by an increase in the CDAI of \>70 points from SD1 measured at two consecutive visits.
Secondary efficacy endpoints assessed the effect of treatment with IFN beta-1a on the following: the proportion of patients who maintained remission (relapse-free) and did not receive any additional treatment for the management of CD by Week 52; time to relapse; and change from SD1 to end of treatment in the quality-of-life (IBDQ) score, CDAI score, biological markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate), number of fistulas (including new fistulas and closure of existing ones) and antibodies to IFN beta-1a. Blood samples taken at SD1, Week 26 and Week 52 were tested for the presence of binding antibodies (BAbs) and, if found positive (defined as a titre ≥20 neutralizing units \[NU\]/mL), were assessed for neutralizing activity. Patients with a neutralizing antibody (NAb) titre of ≥20 NU/mL were considered to have a positive result for NAbs.
Safety measures
---------------
Safety endpoints included the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs, and changes in clinical and laboratory parameters from SD1.
Interim analysis of the secondary endpoints was added as an amendment to the protocol in January 2003 because the study had been recruiting slowly and patient dropout rates had been high (Figure [1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). This analysis was to allow for early discontinuation of the study in the case of lack of efficacy.
{#F1}
Statistical analysis
--------------------
All statistical analyses were performed using SAS^®^Version 6.12 software (SAS Institute Inc.; Cary, NC, USA). A sample size of 43 patients per treatment group was needed to provide 70% power to detect a significant difference in the primary endpoint. This calculation was performed using a two-sided chi-squared test and assumed a type I error rate of 10%. Calculations were based on the assumption that the proportion of patients who maintained remission and did not receive additional treatment for CD at 26 weeks in the placebo group would be 25% and would be at least 50% in an effective interferon beta-1a group.
All data were summarized using descriptive statistics. The difference between groups was assessed using analysis of variance on raw or ranked data (demographics and CDAI at SD1), a logistic regression model (primary and secondary efficacy endpoints) or a Cox model (time to relapse) with effects for treatment and region. All tests were performed at a 10% significance level. Because of the small number of patients in each treatment group, the differences between groups were not analysed for the change from baseline (SD1) in a number of the secondary endpoints (IBDQ score, CDAI score, biological markers of inflammation, antibodies to IFN beta-1a and number of fistulas). Continuous (quantitative) variables were tabulated using the following summary statistics: number of values, mean, standard deviation (SD), and median and range (minimum to maximum). Discrete (qualitative/categorical) variables were tabulated using frequencies and percentages. An interim analysis of study data was performed at Week 26 and used to assess study futility. This used the method of O\'Brien-Fleming to adjust for the overall type I error level when analysing secondary efficacy variables.
Results
=======
Patients
--------
This study was terminated early due to lack of efficacy, following an interim analysis of the 26-week data. In all, 67 of the planned 192 patients underwent randomization. Of these, 16 received placebo, 17 received IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw, 16 received IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw and 18 received IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw (Figure [1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"} summarizes the key baseline (SD1) demographic information and clinical characteristics of the patients recruited. More than 93% of patients in each treatment group (97% overall) were white, with the remainder Hispanic. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics were well balanced, with no statistically significant differences between the four treatment groups. Overall, the diagnosis of CD was confirmed most frequently by endoscopy (56/67, 84%) and histology (44/67, 66%). In all, 51% of patients (34/67) had CD on the left side of the colon, 51% (34/67) had CD on the right side of the colon, and 69% (46/67 patients) had CD in the ileum. The majority of patients had not undergone surgery for their CD, although approximately half had undergone some other procedure (52%; 35/67 patients). The mean ± SD CDAI score at baseline was highest for the placebo group (100.8 ± 47.1) and lowest for the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group (79.2 ± 30.0). There was no significant difference in baseline CDAI score among the treatment groups. Additional baseline characteristics summarized included those assessed for secondary endpoints, past and current medical conditions, smoking history, electrocardiographic findings, individual variables of the CDAI and duration of CD. There were no significant differences among the treatment groups for any of these additional baseline characteristics.
######
Baseline demographic data and clinical characteristics\*
Characteristics Placebo (n = 16) IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw (n = 17) IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw (n = 16) IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw (n = 18) Total (n = 67)
------------------------------ ------------------ --------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ----------------
Mean (SD) age (years) 37.6 (13.6) 42.1 (14.8) 39.4 (12.9) 35.1 (11.9) 38.5 (13.3)
Mean (SD) BMI (kg/m^2^) 23.5 (7.8) 24.2 (6.4) 24.4 (4.7) 24.3 (5.8) 24.1 (6.1)
Sex
Male 8 (50) 6 (35.3) 7 (43.8) 7 (38.9) 28 (41.8)
Female 8 (50) 11 (64.7) 9 (56.3) 11 (61.1) 39 (58.2)
Race
White 15 (93.8) 17 (100) 16 (100) 17 (94.4) 65 (97)
Hispanic 1 (6.3) 1 (5.6) 2 (3)
Diagnosis confirmed by: 14 (87.5) 15 (88.2) 12 (75) 15 (83.3) 56 (83.6)
Endoscopy 11 (68.8) 11 (64.7) 12 (75) 10 (55.6) 44 (65.7)
Histology 6 (37.5) 8 (47.1) 9 (56.3) 10 (55.6) 33 (49.3)
Barium contrast radiography 4 (25) 4 (23.5) 6 (37.5) 4 (22.2) 18 (26.9)
Other
Surgery
Yes 5 (31.3) 3 (17.6) 2 (12.5) 4 (22.2) 14 (20.9)
No 11 (68.8) 14 (82.4) 14 (87.5) 14 (77.8) 53 (79.1)
Mean CDAI total score 100.8 92.1 80.4 79.2 87.9
biw: twice weekly; BMI: body mass index; CDAI: Crohn\'s Disease Activity Index; IFN: interferon; SD, standard deviation; tiw: three times weekly
\*Data are presented as number (%) unless indicated otherwise; percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding
A total of 20 patients (29.9%) completed 26 weeks and 7 patients (10.4%) completed 52 weeks of the study. Of the 60 patients who discontinued prior to 52 weeks, the reasons for discontinuation were: treatment failure (40%, 27/67 patients); AEs (15%, 10/67 patients); major protocol violation (3.0%, 2/67 patients); non-compliance (3.0%, 2/67 patients); lost to follow up (1.5%, 1/67 patients); or \'other reasons\' (27%, 18/67 patients). One patient who had undergone randomization to the placebo group received IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw in error throughout the study. This patient is presented in all tables and figures according to the treatment received and not the randomized treatment group. Nine patients had inclusion or exclusion criteria deviations at study entry; none of these were considered major protocol deviations. Five of these patients were granted exceptions and allowed to continue in the study. The remaining 4 patients (2 in the placebo group, 1 in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw group and 1 in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group) had not gone into remission using corticosteroids within the 4 weeks prior to SD1. These deviations were not discovered until after the patients had started treatment and, although exceptions were not granted, these patients continued to participate in the study.
Efficacy
--------
With respect to the primary outcome, there were no significant differences in the proportion of patients who remained relapse-free without additional treatment at Week 26 between the placebo group (5/16, 31%) and the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw (6/17, 35%; p = 0.497), 44 mcg tiw (7/16, 44%; p = 0.280) or 66 mcg tiw (2/18, 11%; p = 0.333; Figure [2](#F2){ref-type="fig"}) groups.
{#F2}
At Week 52, 0/18 patients in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group remained relapse-free, compared with 3/16 patients (19%) in the placebo group (p = 0.043; Figure [2](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). The proportion of patients remaining relapse-free at Week 52 in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw (1/17 patients, 6%; p = 0.330) and 44 mcg tiw (3/16 patients, 19%; p = 0.762) groups did not differ significantly from the placebo group. There were no significant differences between treatment groups in any of the other secondary endpoints.
Analysis using imputed data showed that there were no statistical differences between placebo and any of the IFN beta-1a treatment groups in time to relapse. All treatment groups showed a worsening of mean IBDQ and CDAI scores from SD1 to Week 52. The placebo group had a smaller mean increase in CDAI from SD1 to the end of Week 26 (mean \[SD\] increase: 0.8 \[25.3\]) than the IFN beta-1a treatment groups (mean \[SD\] increase for IFN beta 1a, 44 mcg tiw: 9.7 \[49.5\]; 44 mcg biw: 11.6 \[70.3\]; 66 mcg tiw: not reported).
The increase in mean ± SD erythrocyte sedimentation rate from SD1 to end of treatment was smaller for the placebo group (3.0 ± 12.2 mm/hr) than for any of the IFN beta-1a treatment groups (range 15.3 ± 40.0 to 22.7 ± 22.3 mm/hr). All treatment groups showed increases in C-reactive protein level by the end of treatment, with the greatest mean increase observed in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw group. For patients with fistulas at the end of the study (2 patients in the placebo group, 3 in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw group and 1 in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group), there were no changes from SD1 to end of treatment in the number of fistulas.
At SD1, 1/17 patients (5.9%) in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw group and no patients in all other treatment groups had a positive result for BAbs to IFN beta-1a. At Week 26, 4/16 patients (25.0%) in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw group had positive BAb results, and at the end of treatment positive BAbs results were found in 4/17 patients (23.5%) in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw group, 7/16 patients (43.8%) in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw group and 5/18 (27.8%) patients in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg/tiw group. No patients in the placebo group had a positive result at Week 26 or at the end of treatment. Samples testing positive for BAbs were also tested for NAbs. Of the patients who were BAb-positive, 3 also tested positive for NAbs; all 3 had received IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw.
Safety outcomes
---------------
A total of 452 AEs were reported in 62 (93%) of the 67 patients enrolled. The most common AEs were influenza-like symptoms (24/67 patients; 36%), headache (22/67 patients; 33%) and injection-site reactions (18/67 patients; 27%) (Table [3](#T3){ref-type="table"}). The majority of AEs were mild or moderate in severity.
######
Summary of the most frequent adverse events that occurred during the study (frequency ≥ 10% of patients)
Number of patients (%)
----------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------- -----------
Influenza-like symptoms 3 (18.8) 8 (47.1) 6 (37.5) 7 (38.9) 24 (35.8)
Headache 3 (18.8) 8 (47.1) 7 (43.8) 4 (22.2) 22 (32.8)
Injection-site reaction 2 (12.5) 5 (29.4) 6 (37.5) 5 (27.8) 18 (26.9)
Fever 2 (12.5) 3 (17.6) 5 (31.3) 6 (33.3) 16 (23.9)
Abdominal pain 4 (25.0) 2 (11.8) 5 (31.3) 5 (27.8) 16 (23.9)
Injection-site inflammation 2 (12.5) 3 (17.6) 5 (31.3) 5 (27.8) 15 (22.4)
Fatigue 3 (18.8) 3 (17.6) 4 (25.0) 2 (11.1) 12 (17.9)
Nausea 3 (18.8) 3 (17.6) 2 (12.5) 3 (16.7) 11 (16.4)
ESR increased 0 2 (11.8) 5 (31.3) 3 (16.7) 10 (14.9)
Arthralgia 2 (12.5) 4 (23.5) 3 (18.8) 1 (5.6) 10 (14.9)
Injection-site rash 0 3 (17.6) 3 (18.8) 2 (11.1) 8 (11.9)
Rhinitis 2 (12.5) 2 (11.8) 3 (18.8) 1 (5.6)\_ 8 (11.9)
Myalgia 1 (6.3) 4 (23.5) 2 (12.5) 1 (5.6) 8 (11.9)
Injection-site pain 0 2 (11.8) 1 (6.3) 4 (22.2) 7 (10.4)
Anaemia 0 4 (23.5) 2 (12.5) 1 (5.6) 7 (10.4)
biw: twice weekly; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; IFN: interferon; tiw: three times weekly
Eight severe AEs occurred in 4/16 patients (25.0%) in the placebo group (headache, night sweats, nausea, tenesmus, tooth disorder, increased creatine phosphokinase level, involuntary muscle contractions, tremor). There were 4 severe AEs in 4/17 patients (23.5%) receiving IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw (bronchitis, arthralgia, myalgia and pulmonary embolism), 4 severe AEs in 4/16 patients (25.0%) receiving IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw (abdominal pain, tenesmus, myalgia, tachycardia) and 4 severe AEs in 3/18 patients (16.7%) receiving IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw (3 cases of abdominal pain and 1 case of dehydration). There were no life-threatening AEs.
No deaths were reported during this study. There were 4 serious AEs in 4 patients (2 events in the placebo group, 1 in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw group and 1 in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group). Two of the events -- severe pulmonary emboli in a patient treated with IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw and moderate cellulitis of the ear (infection) in a patient treated with IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw -- were considered \'possibly\' related to study treatment. The other 2 events -- moderate dyspnoea on exertion and moderate lower gastrointestinal bleed (both in patients in the placebo group) -- were considered \'unlikely\' to be related to study treatment. Ten patients withdrew from the study because of AEs: 1 in the placebo group, 4 in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg biw group, 1 in the IFN beta-1a 44 mcg tiw group and 4 in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group.
The incidence of AEs known or suspected to be associated with IFN therapy, such as influenza-like symptoms, injection-site reactions, hepatic abnormalities (particularly elevated transaminase levels), cytopenias and depression, was higher in the IFN beta-1a treatment groups than the placebo group, but was consistent with previous experience with IFN therapy. All these events were mild-to-moderate in severity.
In general, changes from SD1 in haematology, blood chemistry and urinalysis parameters were either expected effects of IFN beta-1a treatment or within the normal range, and thus were not considered clinically meaningful. No clear treatment- or dose-related effects on thyroid function were observed. There were no clinically significant changes from SD1 in vital signs over the course of the study. Steroid tapering was similar for the four treatment groups.
Discussion
==========
Following a 26-week interim analysis of data collected from 67 patients, this study demonstrated that IFN beta-1a does not have superior efficacy to placebo for maintaining remission in patients with CD. The study was, therefore, terminated prematurely. An amendment to the protocol permitted interim analysis of the secondary endpoints to allow for early study discontinuation in the case of lack of efficacy. There was little difference between treatment groups in terms of secondary endpoints. IFN beta-1a was generally well tolerated at all doses studied, including the highest dosage of 66 mcg tiw, and the overall safety profile was consistent with previous experience in patients with MS.
The most common AEs observed, such as influenza-like symptoms, headache and injection-site reactions, were more frequent in the IFN beta-1a treatment groups than in the placebo group. However, these AEs are among the most common side-effects seen with IFN beta-1a in patients with MS \[[@B21]\], and therefore effective strategies are already in place for their management. For example, influenza-like symptoms can be treated using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, and novel injection devices and formulations have been developed to minimize injection-site reactions \[[@B22]\]. In this study, IFN beta-1a was administered at a higher dose than that used in MS. Importantly, the high dosage of 66 mcg tiw was also generally well tolerated and was associated with a similar incidence of AEs to the 44 mcg tiw dosage indicated in MS.
Despite the similarities between the pathogenic mechanisms of CD and MS, and the promising match between the mechanism of action of IFN beta-1a and potential therapeutic targets in CD, this study indicates that IFN beta-1a is ineffective for the treatment of CD at the doses evaluated. One explanation for the different effects in MS and CD may be the many pathogenic pathways that IFN beta is thought to influence in MS \[[@B17]\]. As well as down-modulating T-cell activation and differentiation to Th1-type CD4+ cells, IFN beta is also believed to inhibit activated Th1-cell trafficking across the blood-brain barrier and to prevent T-cell reactivation in the central nervous system \[[@B17]\]. If the efficacy of IFN beta in MS is due more to its effects on these last two processes (specific to MS) than on the induction of Th1-type CD4+ cells (important in MS and CD), this could explain its lack of efficacy in CD.
Although the percentage of patients relapse-free at Week 52 was significantly lower in the IFN beta-1a 66 mcg tiw group than in the placebo group, this finding was not seen with the other two IFN beta dosing regimens nor with the primary or other secondary endpoints. Furthermore, given the low patient numbers in this analysis, it is not possible to conclude that IFN beta-1a may worsen CD. Clinical experience with type I IFNs for the treatment of CD is very limited. Few studies have been reported, all of which included only a small number of patients and results were variable \[[@B23]-[@B25]\]. Similarly, clinical studies of IFN alpha or IFN beta in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have reported promising results \[[@B26]-[@B28]\] or a lack of efficacy \[[@B29],[@B30]\]. Furthermore, isolated reports of UC in patients receiving IFN beta-1a for MS \[[@B31]\] or IFN alpha for hepatitis C infection \[[@B32],[@B33]\] do not support a therapeutic role for type I IFNs in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Although the results reported here suggest that IFN beta-1a is not an effective treatment for CD, these results should be considered in the context of the low patient numbers and high drop-out rate. Only 67 patients of a planned recruitment target of 192 patients (35%) were randomized to treatment. Of these patients only 20 (10.4% of the target number) completed the study; notably, treatment failures were the most common cause of study drop-out. Thus, the findings reported here are based on a very small number of patients, as with other studies of IFNs in UC and CD.
Despite the lack of efficacy reported here, the results of this study do lend further support to the favourable safety profile of this treatment, which has already been demonstrated in patients with MS. Moreover, these results indicate that higher IFN beta-1a doses may offer a similar safety profile to the dose currently indicated in patients with MS.
Conclusion
==========
Overall, analyses showed no difference in efficacy between the IFN beta-1a treatment groups and placebo for maintaining remission in patients with CD. However, IFN beta-1a treatment was generally well tolerated, even at the highest dosage of 66 mcg tiw, further supporting the favourable safety profile of this treatment, both at the dose indicated for MS and at higher doses.
Competing interests
===================
CPR and HG are employees of Merck Serono S.A. -- Geneva. At the time of the study, SBH was a consultant for Merck Serono S.A. -- Geneva, who also provided his institution with clinical research funding for this trial. JOH, RT and IS have no competing interests.
Authors\' contributions
=======================
JOH, RT and IS were involved in the initial protocol design, patient recruitment and assessment. CPR and HG were involved in the evaluation of the data. All authors were involved in the writing of the manuscript. All authors have seen and approved the final manuscript.
Pre-publication history
=======================
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:
<http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-230X/9/22/prepub>
Acknowledgements
================
We acknowledge the valuable contribution of the following study investigators:
**USA**: G Bonner, R Fogel, S Galandiuk, D Geenan, S Hauser, J Hanson, D Helper, R Holmes, J Jackson, M Kamionkowski, R Kania, M McKinley, P Moses, R Panaccione, W Priebe, D Riff, S Sacks, P Schleinitz, J Schwartz, J Schwartz, I Shafran, D Silvers, R Wohlman, E Eyring, B Kaufman, A Blumenfeld; **Germany**: D Hüppe, S Schreiber, B Bokemeyer, K Jessen; **UK**: J Hunter, KD Bardhan, RJ Dickinson, JRB Green; **Norway**: E Aadland; **Belgium**: P Rutgeerts; **Sweden**: O Suhr; **Yugoslavia**: T Milosavijevic, G Golubovic, S Lukacevic, R Tomasevic.
The authors thank Ruth Bentley and Andrea Plant of Caudex Medical (supported by Merck Serono S.A. -- Geneva) for her assistance with the preparation of this manuscript.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '90e97fd8f4071cd357756f722eb1650346b855df7eb7a1bb87bc69b133168b03'} |
A motorcyclist was killed after colliding with a car in Woodbridge early Tuesday, police said.
About 7:30 a.m., officers responded to Minnieville Road and Cheshire Station Plaza in Woodbridge after a report of a crash involving a motorcycle, Prince William County Police said in a statement.
An investigation found that 52-year-old John R. Bachman Jr. of Woodbridge was driving a 2004 Suzuki GSX-R750 motorcycle northbound on Minnieville Road, and the driver of a 2015 Honda Accord was traveling southbound, the statement said.
The driver of the Honda, identified by police as a 69-year-old man from Woodbridge, attempted a left turn into Cheshire Station Plaza, crossing in front of Bachman and colliding with him, the statement said.
Bachman was taken to a hospital, where he died of his injuries, and the other driver, who was not injured, remained at the scene, police said.
No information about the cause of the crash was immediately available, but police said that speed and drug and alcohol use were not factors, and no charges were filed. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '64e800e9b177fde8c06470d91c2a8e28439f1a89d88377f0d5ad4ea7afa02cc9'} |
Excommunicate This!! The Misogyny Running Wild Rant
And since we all came from a woman
Got our name from a woman and
Our game from a woman
I wonder why we take from our woman
Why we rape our woman
Do we hate our woman?
- 2Pac (Tupac Shakur), "Keep Ya Head Up"
As if you needed any more proof. But here it is anyway, two more stories demonstrating once more (and once and for all) the joy of tradition, the jubilation of superstition and, most of all, the glory - and glorious compassion - of organized religion.
Oh, and not to forget the awesome ability of men to take their beloved misogyny and sexism and make it an integral part of just about every major religion worldwide. Seriously, what's up with that anyway?
Nauseating Nepalese Nonsense
In the first case we have the "confined women" of Nepal. That is, menstruating woman and (I believe uniquely to Nepal) women who have just given birth. These "dirty" women and girls are forced to sleep in cow sheds, tool sheds, wood sheds. They can lay their heads in any old shed they want, but: "Just stay out of the house goddamn it - don't you get it, you're filthy?!"
You see, God says that these women are simply too unclean during their time of the month and, especially, after that whole nasty, dirty business of giving birth, so they (and their newborn child) need to stay in the shed and away from all the clean people (i.e. men).
It almost sounds like a Monty Python skit, doesn't it? And it'd be pretty hilarious too... if only it wasn't actually going on right now. In fact, this past summer a 15-year-old girl died (from diarrhea) while stuck out in one of these sheds - no one would go near her to take her to get medical help. They just let her die, not wanting to piss off God.
What we're talking about here is the traditional Hindu chhaupadi system, still followed in much of the Nepalese countryside. It's been that way for centuries, so it must be good, right? You know, the wisdom of the established order and all that.
Interestingly, there's no time when God wants men to be shunned into the shed. But, hey, God works in mysterious ways, right?
The Trinity of Asininity
Now that story's way off in "backwards Nepal", I hear some of you saying. "Nothing that uncivilized would ever happen in the modern world".
Well, how about this? In Brazil a young 9-year-old child who was repeatedly raped by her step-father from the age of six onwards recently became impregnated with twins.
What was the official Catholic Church line on this? Well, it was really quite simple: "Let her die". Literally.
You see, the doctors say her uterus simply isn't big enough to carry one baby, let alone two. She would most likely die if the fetuses were not aborted. And this doesn't even involve the mental torture of forcing a child to give birth at age nine.
But the local archbishop was having none of it. He not only opposed the abortion, even in this life-saving case, he actually excommunicated the girl's mother and the doctors involved for going through with the operation.
Yes, excommunication for the girl's mother and her doctors... but not for the rapist. Rape, it seems, is not really a serious enough crime... though, clearly, an operation to save the life of the victim is.
This is almost as compassionate as the fundamentalist Muslims and their so-called "honor killing" response to the very same situation, though they'd, of course, actually get it over with much more quickly and deliberately.
Either way, from the mindless doctrinaire hard-line religious point of view, it's clear: The kid's gotta die.
Doctrine over common sense. Canon over compassion. Ideology over humanity. That's right, it's the Trinity of Asininity.
Seriously, can you imagine any of this ridiculous nonsense if it were men, rather than women, who menstruated and/or got pregnant (through rape or otherwise)? I think not.
Let It Go Already
These are, of course, only two cases out of thousands, but I'm not going to focus on any others here right now, as I think they're all well enough known already.
No, I'm not going to delve into the whole nonsense surrounding the worship of the Blessed Virgin and its implicit message to all non-virgin females out there that they're simply not pure enough in the eyes of God.
Nor am I going to get into the barbaric imprisoning of women for being raped in places like Saudi Arabia and Pakistan.
Nor do I want to linger on the glorious tradition of female genital mutilation; nor the burning of witches in Africa (today) and in the West (in days gone by); nor the discarding and lifelong banishment of widows in Hindu India (though, of course, it is better than burning them alive on their husband's burial pyre as in the recent past).
No, I'm not even going to get into the whole issue of the Catholic Church telling Catholics in AIDS-ravaged sub-Saharan Africa, including women who know their husbands have been sleeping around, that they can, under no circumstances, ever use a condom.
I mean, come on people, isn't it finally time we left all this woman-hating, pathetically patriarchical, small-minded, superstitious, nonsensical gibberish behind and just let everyone relax and enjoy their lives?
And, if not, could we at least agree to let the 9-year-old rape victims live and the "filthy" menstruating women and new moms come back into the house and out of the cow sheds?
Seriously now, almost everyone treats their pets better than most religions have historically treated women. It's time to recognize the inherent misogyny in all these archaic millennia-old belief systems and stop rationalizing all this Bronze Age-era nonsense. It's not relevant to the modern world and hasn't been for centuries.
It's time to move on already.
Mike Cowie (Oredakedo)
Friday, March 6th, 2009
You can read the whole Nepal story here: Nepal's 'confined women' want change
And to read the Brazil story click here: Rape row sparks excommunications
And in case there was any question of this story only being about one arch-conservative Archbishop: Vatican backs abortion row bishop
And if you enjoyed this piece then you'll probably also enjoy this one as well: Ridiculous & Religulous: Yet Another Catholic Sex Abuse Scandal & Bill Maher's Take On Religion
And these too:
The Godless Super Bowl Rant
What If: The Sex and Hunger Rant
Touching The Untouchables #5: Pedophile God
"Loving God" Is Comin' Out Of The Closet - The X'mas Special
The Don't Thank God For The Lunacy of The Runaway Ego Rant
And for a more serious piece check this out: Finally An Apology: The Canadian Native Residential Schools Rant
And for a good laugh you should definitely watch this: Another Hilarious Stephen Colbert Clip: "Better Know a Lobby - Atheism"
For more on Religion click here: Religion
MikesAndDislikes Home
Misogyny seems to have been the accepted norm in most cultures of the world, historically and currently. It has only been since 1928 that women in Canada were deemed (ie: legislated) to be legally "persons", and only since the second wave of feminism in the 1960's that systemic male dominance in society, family, and religious institutions has been radically challenged. We need to be examining together, men and women, how to consistently confront all forms of prejudice. Gender-based prejudice seems to be rampant even in homoenous societies which didn't have cause for racism. In fact, some scholars would say that male domination and female subordination was the first -- and most endemic -- oppression. So -- how can we create societies in which all persons are considered equal, and treated with respect and dignity? DM
Amen, Brother Mike!
Amen, Brother Mike! And while we’re at it, can we please also just get over the whole gay marriage issue? I mean there are REALLY more important things to get riled up about than that, I think. If there was ever a more efficient misdirection/distraction issue than that, please let me know… The planet is on fucking BROIL, for the love of Bob!
Brazilian girl
I had already read the story in the paper and had been appalled. My question is: since when do girls of 9 conceive? Could it possibly be the result of the many hormones the American companies seem to delight in producing for our cows so that they can produce more milk than we can use so that we are forced to send it abroad?
Conceiving at age 9
It's not at all odd that a 9 year old might conceive, and not because of some hideous mutation. Many girls begin menstruation (and fertility) at that age - myself included.
I never cease to be impressed by the Catholic Church
I never cease to be impressed by the Catholic Church's inspirational ability to adapt to the circumstances of the modern age and embrace whatever common sense solution will enable more of their followers to survive to pass on the benevolant and inclusive themes of their faith. River | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9613201022148132}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '29895', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:EDDWK3TR224P6N2S4ZJ3PGHLEY22HCSJ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a924cf0f-29f9-49ca-91ac-0bca7ee92196>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 10, 16, 57, 37), 'WARC-IP-Address': '69.25.137.154', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NDAJUE2W6XTQQUNTIUEQZTWAG5HH76UU', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:8d750c9c-55d1-4a2d-aefb-aa55ddf65033>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.mikesanddislikes.com/religion_excommunicate_this_the_misogyny_running_wild_rant', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:bc72356a-1e2b-4702-8fa4-20117de77656>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1491', 'url': 'http://www.mikesanddislikes.com/religion_excommunicate_this_the_misogyny_running_wild_rant', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-10\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for March 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.0442623496055603', 'original_id': '91fa077f9280e87557d2f4a7f3e1bea5881db0585c290efb16712a0aea4496d9'} |
Profile Racing, an icon in core BMX and downhill mountainbike parts, has been sending out prototypes of their fixed hubs for a while, torture testing and refining the design for real world use. We received the final production versions and the results are very impressive.
The front weighs in at just 230 grams w/cro-mo hardware.We chose the Ano red which takes on nice deep wine color when the flash is off.
Note how strong the flanges look.1/4" allen bolts secure the ends.
We also nabbed a 32h rear hub that weighs in at 270g. In addition to the superfly machining, it comes with the most solid stainless lockring we've ever seen.
We decided to inspect the guts because...well,because we're a machine shop and that's how we roll. A pair of 3/16" allens remove the endcaps which conceal a pair of huge 6902 Enduro brand sealed cartridge bearings which is why the hubs have such a smooth spin and will undoubtedly last longer than the 600x sized bearings that are de rigueur for most sealed bearing track hubs.
THEBEEF.The inner bearing races seat on both the threaded endcaps and on the massive aluminum axle that ties the hubs together, allowing for fine adjustment of bearing preload and creating an absolutely solid platform.
We can't wait to lace them up and wail on them. Long term reports will come mid-way through a nasty Brooklyn winter. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '6e1284522636718a3abbba2388ba336596b65b2b56389129a7936b54c47e6506'} |
"I believe in America." "I believe in the American Dream." "I believe in the American way of life, that every American should have an honest job, a family, and a home to call their own." "And two..." "Two cars in every garage, you betcha." "What does this car do for 100 grand?" "Play with your nuts while you drive?" "That would beat the shit out of cruise control." "Anybody who'd drop 100 grand on a car deserves to get it stolen, then deserves to get the shit kicked out of them." " I'm driving." " Hell, no." "What are you talking about, "No"?" "You drive like that kid Corky from Life Goes On." "Well, you drive like a goddamn maniac." "Why don't you yell louder?" "I don't think you woke anybody up yet." " You're wrong." " Uh-oh." " See the size of that guy's gun?" " That was a big gun." "What's wrong with you?" "You said the guy wasn't home." " We got company." " Aw, shit!" "You're gonna fucking kill me, man!" "I got shit to do tomorrow!" "No!" "Watch it!" "All right, all right, people." "Oh, shit!" "We didn't hit them." "Okay?" "You happy?" "You messed with me." "Why are we parked in front of a police station?" "Yo, Officer." "Excuse me." "You smoke crack tonight or something?" " Shh." "It's gonna be fine." " Yeah." "Yo, could you help a brother out?" "We trying to get to Disneyland." "The two of you are on your way to Disneyland?" "Yeah, this is my retarded friend." "He's from Arkansas somewhere and he wants to go to Disneyland." "You want to go to Disneyland, man?" "Disneyland." "See?" "It's Disneyland." "Where?" "I love the way he says Disneyland." "Say that again." "Disneyland." "He loves Disneyland." "So that's where we're trying to go." "All right, go east on 10." "Right." "When you get to the five, you go south to Anaheim." "There are signs all over the place." "So the cop, not only was he stupid and gave us directions, my man drew us a map to this place." "Yeah, right, he got me, but you do that again, I swear to God..." "Hi, Mimi." "I got it." "Let's see." "You can get drinks for everybody, okay?" " Thanks, Archie." " All right." "To the Rock and Archie Show." "You know that." "Yo, man, there's something I ain't understanding here." "Now, everything we get we split down the middle, right?" "Of course." "We're partners." "Tell me, partner, why your bankroll always fatter than mine?" "You got money problems?" "I mean, it ain't no shit I can't handle." "Well, whatever's mine is yours." "You know that." "Yeah, I know that." "I like that." "Easy, lover boy." "Any woman that fine got to have a man running around here somewhere." " 30'?" "♪ SON t?" "You fight like Peter McNeeley." "You want to get your ass whupped again?" "That's the beauty of having you around, man." "You got my back." "You hope." " What?" " What do you mean, "What"?" " I heard you calling me over here." " I didn't call you over here." "My friend said you wanted to make out with me." " He said you said that." " Are you kidding?" "What?" "He's the one who said it." "I will if you..." "What's up?" "What the fuck do you think you're doing?" "Oh, shit." "I know it looks like I was hitting on your girlfriend here, but in actuality, I was fucking hitting on her harder than you think, motherfucker." "So why don't you step the fuck back before I bitch-slap your fucking hiney?" " I'm gonna kill you." " Hey, my man." "Ls there a problem here?" "Yeah, there's a problem." "Fucking snatch face is a fucking problem." " There's things I ought to do to you..." " Archie, chill." "I'll bite your fucking ear off!" " Arch, chill." " I'm trying to chill!" "Daddy dipshit won't let me!" "He's driving me nuts with them crazy eyes and that armpit stench!" "Okay, okay, 0K8)'" "Apparently you all got some shit to work out." "No, we worked the shit out." "It's all worked out." "I'm glad we worked the shit out." "Let me buy you a drink." "Kick him in the balls." "Now it's on, motherfucker!" "Keats!" "Man, not like that." "So, what's up?" "Like this." "That's the old-school shit." "Honey!" "Oh, muffin!" "Oh, honey, okay." "How's your twinkie?" "Yo, man, what kind of nasty-ass meat is that you're eating?" "Look like some shit out of Jeffrey Dahmer's refrigerator." "Thanks, man." "All right." "Thank you." "All right." "Let me tell you something." "I do got some shit going on." "That car-stealing shit we've been doing, that's fine." "I have a good time doing that with you, but I got..." "My serious income is coming from this guy." "I am telling you, he is the biggest drug lord in the West." "The biggest." "Get out of here." "Ron, of all your inventions..." "Hey, look." "My mother just started using that stuff." "It works." "And two..." "Two cars in every garage, you betcha." "Check it out." "There's the man himself." "You all come on down to Cotton Motors." "Fetch you a piece of that American Dream." "What do you do for the car guy?" "I'm the point man." "I set up drops and meet the shipments." "All I got to do is make sure Mr. Colton is happy." "If he's as large as you say he is, then he's got to be happy." "I've been thinking about this shit and you need money." "Basically, you're the only guy I've ever trusted in my entire life." "So I was thinking I could talk to Mr. Colton about bringing you in." "Yo, I'm just a petty car thief, man." "You talking some all-industrial-type shit." "I swear to you, it's very, very easy." " It's easy, huh?" " Are you in or what?" "I trust you, man." "Put me down." "You're doing the right thing." "All right, Mo, you want a ride?" " No, man, I'll walk it." " You sure?" "I ain't gonna drive with you if I don't have to." " All right." "Keep it real, son." " All right." " Police!" "Freeze!" " Hey!" "The party's over, Jack!" "If you move, I'll blow your goddamn brains out!" "You're breaking my arm, Miles Davis." " You fucking pussy!" " Hey, relax." "What are you and the black in the hat doing following me around?" "We was just in the neighborhood." "Did you have fun at Disneyland?" "Here he is, Captain." "Anybody ever tell you you look like a struck match?" "What's the word, Rock?" "Jack?" "Whatever your name is." "The word is, El Capitén, this last year of my life is about to pay itself off." "What are you telling me?" "What I'm telling you is" "Archie Moses is taking me to meet the man and finally Frank Colton is going down." "Congratulations, Jack." "You bring down Colton, it's gonna make your career." "Hey, man, I don't even care about that." "All I care about is putting that scumbag behind bars where he belongs." "There's a shipment coming into San Pedro next week." "It's supposed to be huge." "When do you meet with Colton?" "Moses is gonna introduce me tomorrow." "You're gonna wear a wire." " I don't know." " Jack." "It's a good idea to wear a wire." "I'll sleep on it." "Disneyland." "What?" "Nothing." "Just something Archie did." "He's crazy." "Are you getting sweet on this guy?" " No." " Let me tell you something." "You pal around with somebody long enough you forget he's the bad guy." "So why don't you tell me about your damn self, Mr. Keats?" "Well, the truth is, there ain't much to say." "I did some time up north for breaking and entering, a little armed robbery, petty shit like that." "What about references?" "Do you trust this man, Moses?" "Mr. Colton, I trust this guy with my life." "That's good." "I mean, because trust is a very important commodity in business." "True that." "True that!" "True that." "And I want to tell you who I trust." "I trust Moses here." "Thank you." "And I trust my colleague, Mr. Bledsoe." "But most importantly, Mr. Keats, I wanna tell you who I don't trust." "I don't trust you." " Yo." " Hey!" "See, I don't trust you, 'cause, hell, I don't know you." "Mr. Colton..." "Search him." "This is bullshit." "He's my friend." "I don't wanna search him." "You search him, not 'cause you want to but because you have to, you understand?" "Jesus!" "Mo, this is like some embarrassing shit, man." "I know this guy like I know myself." "If he's a cop, I'll suck your dick, Mr. Colton." "Jesus." "I'm sorry, bro." "See?" "No wires." "Well, hell, search him." "Nothing." "Well, fine." "If you don't ask, you never know." "You know what I'm saying?" "You understand me?" "Now, remember, nobody moves until Jack gives us the word that Colton is on the premises." "Understood?" " Listen, Cap." " Yes, Jack." "I want to be the one to bring Archie in." "What?" "There's gonna be a lot of testosterone flying around here today." "I don't want none of these overzealous assholes putting any dents in Archie." "I knew it." "You are sweet on the son of a bitch." "Hey, look, I know him." "He's not that bad..." " He's a low-life scumbag!" " Then he's my low-life scumbag." "And who knows?" "After this is over, maybe I can help him get his life back together." "You look tense, man." "Relax." "It's gonna be all right." "Relax." "It's just a nice, little friendly doggy." "How you doing, buddy?" "Long time no see." "Oh, my God!" "You like that, huh?" "He's licking me." "He loves me." "No, he just licked his balls, and he's trying to get that nasty taste out of his mouth." "Hey, Ese, don't shoot." "It's me." "How you guys 010mg?" "Colton didn't say nothing about no new guy." "All right." "Rigo, meet Rock Keats." "Yo, what's up?" "What is it about you?" "Nobody likes you except me." "What you see right there is 100%, uncut, grade-A heroin." "Yo, where's your boy Colton?" "Don't worry." "He's gonna be here to check up on my shit." "Let's go." "UP" " UP" "Come on." "Good job." "A little quicker, fellas." "What do you keep looking around for?" "You better back up off me." "What's your problem?" "What the fuck you looking for?" "Hey!" "Relax, man." "You better tell Tattoo here something." "This fucking maricén is making me nervous." "He acts like a cop." "He's not a cop!" "He's my friend, so take it down." "I don't know that." "You think he's a cop?" "Is that what you think?" "Well, god damn it, he's not a cop." "Take a look!" "Satisfied, scumbag?" "Fucking piece of shit!" " We move now." " What about Colton?" "To hell with Colton!" "Move!" "Everybody, move!" "Archie Moses, you're under arrest." "You better be messing around." " You have the right to remain silent." " You were like my fucking brother!" " Anything you say..." " How can you do this to me?" "Moses, stop!" "No!" "What the fuck is wrong with you, man?" "No one hurts him." "That's the deal." "Come on, Moses." "If you come out now, maybe we can make a deal." "Don't you talk to me about making any deals, you lying sack of shit!" "Come on, Moses." "Give yourself up." "You're gonna get yourself killed here." "All right, Officer Keats." "You win." "I'm coming out." "Don't shoot." "Come on, Moses." "I'll blow this dog's head off his fucking body." "That's a promise." "You drop your goddamn gun!" "No, you won't." "You love animals." "I hate dogs!" "Get out of here, you stupid, ugly dog!" "I'm trying to save your life here." "FUCK you!" "No." "God, no." "Oh, my God." "Jack's down." "Get that son of a bitch!" "Bledsoe, it got all fucked up in there." "Where were you guys?" "We had a flat tire, asshole!" "God damn it." "This little fuck-up of yours cost me millions of dollars." "I'm very, very mad." "I'm sorry." "I made a mistake." ""I'll suck his..." No, wait." ""If he's a cop, I'll suck your dick."" "I'm close to that particular quote, am I not?" "I don't think I did say that, actually." "Maybe Bledsoe said that." "Here's your last meal." "I hope you enjoy it." "Don't do this, please." "You don't need to do this." "Get this damn mutt off me!" "You slimy rat bastard!" "God!" "Let's move it!" " Blood pressure dropping!" " He's bleeding out!" "To the Rock and Archie Show." "You know that." "How long?" "Basically, you're the only guy I've ever trusted in my entire life." "Disneyland." "Welcome back, Jack." "Take it easy for the time being." "Getting back on your feet isn't going to be easy, but you're in good hands." "This is Traci Flynn, our new physical therapist." "Hi." "Keep me posted." "Good." "Bring it down." "Come on, Jack." "I want you to make it to the end of the bar." "Pull it forward." "There you go." "Put your weight on it." "Bring the other one forward." "Five." "Five." "Let's go." "You're doing all right." "Come on, Jack." "You're ready for this." "I'm proud of you." "The ghost himself." "Not even a bullet in the head could stop him." "One millimeter to the right or left and he'd be dead." "Oh, man, I wouldn't want to have to mess with him." "Sir!" "Sir!" "Sir!" "Where you headed, sir?" "I'm going to Mexico." "I got to start my life over." "I'm gonna be a bullfighter." "Have you been drinking, sir?" "I had about a half a beer, but the dog had a lot." "Would you mind stepping out of this vehicle and walking a straight line?" "Oh, yeah." "No problem." "So you got Archie Moses." "What does that got to do with me?" "Archie Moses is gonna turn state's evidence." " He's rolling on Colton?" " Uh-huh." "Colton wasn't too thrilled with Moses for bringing a cop into his organization." "He's had a hit on him ever since." "So now that Moses is up against it, he's ready to give us Colton on a platter." "Jack, Steve Finch, DEA." "He's calling the shots on this." "And what the hell is he getting out of this?" " Commuted sentence." " How commuted?" "Still to be determined." " Oh, bullshit!" "How commuted?" " Take it easy." "That little asshole shot me in my head!" "Now I got this bigger asshole telling me he's getting away with it!" "Asshole?" "Jack, that's not how it happened." " Moses will do the time." " You know what?" "You and the DEA figure that shit out." "I don't want nothing to do with it." "Hold on a minute." "The deal with Moses." "One condition." "What condition?" "I don't know why he wants you to bring him in, and I don't give a shit!" " With him, we finish what we started." " No." "You don't have to be afraid." "We'll send in a team for backup." "You think I'm afraid of Moses?" "After the way you treated him," "I wouldn't be surprised if he didn't want to put another bullet..." "Hold on." "Take it easy." "You're right, "Stench." I am afraid of Moses." "I'm afraid if I see him again, I'll kill him." "Come on." "What do you want?" "Let someone else bring Moses' stupid ass in." "Far as I'm concerned, this shit is over for me." "You know your cop buddies?" "They all say the same thing." "They say you're not the same man, Jack." "They say that when you got shot, you lost a piece of yourself." "I didn't even know you then, but do you know what I think?" "I think they were right." "What are you talking about?" "I'm happy." "Come on." "You pretend that you like your job." "Any fool can see that it's making you miserable 8 hours a day, and you pretend that Archie Moses doesn't exist, which is making you miserable 24 hours a day!" "If you don't finish this thing with Archie Moses..." "Come here." "You're right." "As usual, you're right." "Okay, little Keats." "Sit." "Good doggy." "Now beg for your life." "That's right, little Keats." "Come on." "You can do it." "Let me hear you cry." "No good." "Bang!" "Gotcha." "Poor little boy." "Surprised you showed up." "Why isn't this prisoner in cuffs?" "There he goes, being a cop again." "He wasn't going anywhere." "You cuff him." "Arms, legs, feet." "I want his asshole cuffed to his nuts and then put him on the plane." "Before you do that..." "See you later, buddy." "Man's best friend right here." "You like that?" "He's licking me 'cause he likes to lick me, not 'cause he's trying to get close to me and then fuck me over." " Do I speak with an accent?" " No." "Then cuff the prisoner!" "Don't you even wanna know why I asked for you, Keats?" "I know why." "You wanna finish what you started." "But I'm warning you, Archie Moses." "I'm looking for an excuse to kill you." "If you sneeze, if you fart, if I even smell your breath, I will shoot you dead." "How about if I chew loud?" "Sometimes when I eat, I chew loud." "You gonna shoot me?" "I ain't gonna try anything, and you're so wrong about that day." "You know what?" "I don't want to hear nothing you have to say about any subject at any time." "And, yes, I will shoot you if you chew loud." "Man down!" "Sniper!" " Shit!" "They're trying to kill me!" " Get your ass on that plane!" "Hustle!" "Let's go!" "What the hell is going on up there?" " Shit." "The pilot's dead." " I got 1,000 hours." " What?" " I got 1,000 hours flying a plane." "Oh, bullshit!" "Mr. Colton's in the import/export business, remember?" "Here, buddy." "Sorry." " Fly this baby." " No." "Not until you apologize to me!" " What?" " Apologize to me!" "You did some shitty shit!" "You better hurry!" "I swear to God, if you don't fly this damn plane, you're gonna experience death, then déjé vu." "Fly the goddamn plane!" "You're a bad person." "I can actually taste my nuts!" "Oh, you're killing me!" "Again!" "Mayday." "Mayday." "Does anyone read?" ""Mayday?" What is this, a Kirk Douglas movie?" "Is everything a joke?" "You're wasting your time." "Can we make L.A.?" "Not without gas." "They blew our gas tanks!" "Oh, shit!" "We're probably gonna crash headfirst, right?" "I'll be in the back sitting on the black box." "Here we go now!" "Oh, God!" "Stop!" "Stop!" "Stop!" "I saved our fucking life!" "I have some advice for you, Keats, right now." "Don't move." "Do not move." "I said don't move!" "I didn't move, asshole!" "The damn plane is starting to slip." "Slow." "Easy." "Don't yell." "The echo, the vibration makes it move." "We have to whisper." "Whisper." "Oh, shit!" "That ain't working either!" "One." "Two." "Three!" "Man, that was God's way of telling you to let me go, I think." "Yeah?" "We must serve different gods, because mine is saying shoot you and throw you over that cliff." "Well, I don't like your god." "Your god scares me." "I'm your god right now." "You're a piece of shit, you know that, Keats?" "Sometimes I wish that bullet really did kill you." "You better watch what you say to me." "That's pretty sick, man." "You pretend to be my friend for a full year and then you bust my ass." "That takes somebody really cold-blooded, man, somebody not even human." "I was doing my job!" "When are you gonna understand that?" "Yeah, well, now bringing me in safe and sound is doing your job, and you're gonna do your job, 'cause that's the kind of cop you are." "Am I right, Officer Keats?" "You're right." "Now, in case you're wondering why that hurt so much, it's because I have a metal plate in my head, compliments of you." "So from here on in, you'd better watch what you say to me." "Seriously, Keats, you blink and I am out of here." " Oh, really?" " Yeah." "You show up to L.A., you got nothing but your ding-dong in your hands." "Which reminds me, I got to take a leak right now." "Piss in your pants." "We're not stopping." "Piss in my pants?" "I haven't done that since I'm 24." "Seriously, man." "I got to take a leak." "I got to take a leak!" "You have 15 seconds." "Fifteen seconds ain't gonna cut it." "I got to unzip, I got to shake." "That takes time." "You have 10 seconds." "Oh, God!" "I know you ain't gonna believe me when I tell you this, but that day you got shot, that really was..." " Time's up!" " ...an accident!" " I'm not finished!" " Yes, you are." "Come on." "My pants!" "Get up!" "I got piss on me!" "That was a big mistake, making me piss my pants like that, man." "'Cause it's payback time." "I don't know when, but I got a good feeling it's when you're sleeping." "'Cause I know you're gonna sleep soon enough." "And then guess what." "I'm gonna piss all over you." "See, that's worse." "It's my piss on me right now." "You can deal with it when it's your own piss." "But you're gonna have my piss on you, and that's gross." "I'm getting other people to piss on you." "I'm getting animals to piss on you, man." "Cows, pigs, I'll get a whole farm to piss on you." "What kind of weird place is this?" "Hey, all right." "They got porno." "Can I help you, gentlemen?" "I need to use your phone." "Charlie, is it?" "Charles." "I saw the sign, man." "You guys got a lot of porno here?" "Yes." "We have an excellent selection." "Great." "I like the porn." "Well, good." "Hey, Cap, it's me." "Yeah, someone tipped Colton off about the pickup." "We got word." "We heard about the attack." "Jack, are you all right?" "Yeah, I'm okay." "Listen, who's there with you?" "Finch." "Okay, we're in a motel outside of Flagstaff." "A little place called the Hunting Cap Lodge." "We'll find it, have someone there first thing in the morning." "Somebody from that area." "Okay, let's keep this between us, all right?" "Can't trust nobody right now." "Being up in the sticks, you must lose your mind around here." "Nothing else to do." "You whack off a lot?" "What's a lot?" "Well, you know, you got five minutes off, you got nothing to do, you stumble into one of the rooms, pull down your little panties, whack it." "Excuse me." "We need a room." "You guys aren't..." "You know?" "It's been a long day." "Just give me a room." "Okay." "Just fill this out, please." "Charlie, come here." "Jeez, man, I wanna talk to you." "He says he's not gay, but let's see what a few drinks and a back massage will do to him." "That might gay him up a little." "Don't you think?" "Look at him." "The way he's standing." "He's not gay, huh?" "He's waiting for you." "Oh, I..." "That's..." "I don't..." "Is that your wife?" " Yeah." " God damn." "She's hot." "Thank you." "Yeah." "Three of us, we could burn it up together, don't you think?" "What do you mean?" "You know damn well what I mean." "Hey." "Which room?" "Let's see." "The only room we have available is the honeymoon suite." "We'll take it." "Charlie, come here." "Please." "So what do you think?" "Me, you, the old lady." "A little sandwich action?" " What do you mean?" " Yeah, come on." "You're a piece of white bread." "She's a piece of white bread." "I'm the salami." "Let's give it a shot." "She's not eating sandwiches." "She's on a diet right now." "All right." "Well, think about it." "Let's go." "All right." "Well, enjoy your night, and thank you for staying... here." "You" "My darling, you" "Bittersweet" "Memories" "That is all" "I'm taking" "With me" "So goodbye" "Please don't cry" "We both know I'm not what" "You need" "And I" "Will always" "Love you" "I'll always love you" "Will you shut up?" "Shut the hell up!" "Keats, you'll always be my bodyguard." "You know that." "Let me guess." "You dropped the soap." "Please take that out of my ass!" "I want you on the bed now." "Hey, Charlie." "What's up, Chuck?" "No, we're in some ratty little town called Beaver Pelt." "How will you get out?" "Hey." "Turn that off." "The guy is going down on her, and she's eating an apple." "It's hilarious." "I'm sorry, sweetheart." "What did you say?" "Jack, what's going on there?" "It sounds like someone's having sex." "Nobody's having sex." "It's just Moses." "Jack"." "Hey!" "Will you turn that Shit Off?" "This is a '70s porno." "You know how I can tell?" "'Cause the guy's dick has sideburns." "So, listen, babe, what are you wearing?" "What am I wearing?" "Yeah." "You know, you wearing that little black lacy thing I bought you?" "Well, as a matter of fact, I am." "Why do you ask?" "I don't know." "I'm just sitting here thinking about you." "I'm really missing you." "I miss you, too." "I got to let you go." "Jack"." "Where the hell did you get that?" "Didn't they search you?" "I had it in my ass." "You want a hit?" "Here." "Hey, man!" "What are you doing?" "You just wasted good weed!" "Who are you talking to?" "Your girlfriend?" "I didn't know you had a girlfriend." "I'm probably gonna marry this one." "Marry her?" "Jeez, man." "I ain't never getting married." "I wouldn't drag anybody into my miserable life." "And two..." "Two cars in every garage, you betcha." " We pledge allegiance..." " What was wrong with you, getting involved with a piece of shit like that?" "I don't know." "Crime's the only thing I'm good at." "I had a normal job once." "I was a busboy." "I got fired in three days." "I don't know how to give people butter." "I got the guy in the yellow trunks." "Twenty bucks, man in the green." "Actually, you already owe me 20 bucks." "For what?" "Knicks at the Forum." "Remember you didn't want to take any points?" "Were you out of your mind?" "What a sucker." "Here." "Maybe I'm the sucker." "Damned handcuff shit!" "Man, you really had me fooled!" "I would have done anything for you." "I would have taken a bullet for you." "I bet that's not even your real name, "Keats."" "Holy shit." "Your name really isn't Keats, is it?" "It's Carter." "Jack Carter." "I told you personal shit about myself, shit I never told anybody in my entire life, and you didn't even tell me your real name?" "I was working undercover." "What do you expect?" "You didn't tell anybody, did you?" " About what?" " The shit I told you!" "You probably told every cop on the force!" "What, that they over-circumcised you?" "That's bullshit!" "I made that up to make you laugh!" "Don't worry about it." "I didn't tell anybody anything." "You're a liar." "Don't give me none of your shit." "I'm not the one that made you cross that line." "I may be a criminal, but I would never do to anybody what you did to me." "That's messing with people's feelings!" "That's why your head hurts right now." "You feel guilty." "No, my head hurts because you shot me in it." "Keats..." "Look, it's Carter." "I put my ass on the line for you at that warehouse, trying to make sure nothing happened to you, and what did I get?" " A bullet in the head!" " That was an accident." "Don't say that shit to me." "It's the truth!" "If you're not man enough to admit that what you did to me was far more cold-blooded than anything I've ever done to you, then I don't wanna hear your mouth!" "Well, it was." "Don't say it!" "An accident!" "Hey, Moses, you know my head feels a million times better." "I think I'm gonna sleep like a baby tonight." "How about you?" "Oh, sorry about the turds in there." "It was an accident." "And I Will always" "Love you" "But, honey, you're the one that's always saying we need to try new things, to keep the passion and fire in our relationship." "How do you know you wouldn't like a little sandwich action?" "All right, stud, say goodbye." "I got to go, honey." "Goodbye." "Where are they?" "Who?" "Understand me." "I'm gonna ask you one more time." "Then I'm gonna blow your brains out all over Mr. Moose." "Bungalow 7." "Good night." "Watch it!" "Get in!" "Get in!" "All right, Charlie!" "Go, go, go!" "Stay down." "Those fellas messed with the wrong hombre." "They don't get out of here alive!" "Let's go!" " Here they come." " Oh, shit." "Charlie, don't you think you're going a little fast?" "Don't worry." "I know these woods like the back of my hand." "Look out!" "That elm came down in a storm we had a week ago Thursday." "Guess those fellas aren't from around here." "That's Jimmy's Creek." "It's good fishing, if you're ever back this way." "Charlie, are you getting a woody doing this?" "Uh-uh." "I had one before we started." "Come on, Charles." "I don't like that look in his eye." "Where are we going?" "What are you doing?" "Oh, God almighty!" "Charlie!" "Devil's Drop-off." "235 feet straight down." "Kind of hard to make out in the dark." "I'd like to make outwith you in the dark." "Come here." " Get out of here." "Get off me!" " Don't be so shy." " Yeah!" " All right, Charlie." " Yeah." " Mr. Colton?" "I've lost them, and I don't know where they are." "Give me a second." "Fucking idiot prick!" "Naturally, if you lost them, you don't know where they are, you fucking idiot." "Sorry." "Where might they be?" "They're probably on their way back to Los Angeles." "See you later." "Thanks for being a hero, Charlie." "Oh, great." "You're putting the handcuffs back on." "Thanks." "It's Finch." "It's got to be Finch." " Something I don't understand, though." " What's that?" "He's a special DEA officer." "These guys don't usually flip out like that." "Colton can fix anybody he thinks might be able to help him in the long run." "You fucking piece of shit!" "You ruined my life!" "Sorry." "I'm sorry." "Where you going right now?" " Calling the FBI." " What?" "Did you not listen to a word I said?" "What are you telling me?" "Colton's got FBI agents in his pockets, too?" "Is it the plate in your head?" "I don't remember you being this stupid." "Look, Colton's got notebooks with people's names in it, all right?" "Cops, judges, FBI agents." "I know this 'cause I used to write some of those names in there myself." "You just don't want the FBI involved because you think it'd be easier for you to run if it's just me and you." "Your problem is you see everything in black and white." "You don't realize there's a gray area in life." "That's where most people live." "Know what?" "Spare me your ignorant philosophy." "I think I trust the FBI a little more than a guy that shot me in my head." "Call me wacky." "Yeah, the bus comes in at 7:00." "Right." "Okay." "Good bye." "Hey, man, can I call my mother?" " For what?" " Because you just got me killed." "I figure I'll talk to her one last time." " No." " Come on, man!" "You know I talk to her every Tuesday." "She's gonna get all nervous if I don't call." "Please." "Do you have any change?" "Come on." "I always did like your mom." "How's she doing?" "If she could stop drinking all that booze and smoking all that weed," "I guess she'd be all right." "The doctor says..." "Hey, don't talk about my mother, by the way." "What are you getting all defensive about?" "Because it would break my mother's heart if she knew what you did to me." "I was just doing my job." "That's what I did to you." "My mother loved you." "She said you were my only real friend." "It's ringing." "You didn't tell her what happened, did you?" "No." "I wouldn't do that." "Will you please help?" "Thank you." "Mom!" "How's it going?" "Mom, are you high?" "Jeez." "What else is new?" "Okay." "Rock Keats is doing just fine." "Yes, he is." "He's right here." "He's with me." "You want to talk to him?" " I don't want to." " I'll put him on the phone." "You got nothing to feel guilty about." "You said so." " I don't want to talk to her." " Just talk to my mommy, Carter." "Carter, Mommy." "Right there." "It's all right." "Hi, Ma." "Yeah." "I'm doing great." "No, I have a new girlfriend now." "Yeah." "Named Traci." "Not Staci, Traci." "No, she's not like the whore in Mexico." "Yeah, I'm taking care of your little Archie." "I know, and..." "He's my best friend, too." "I look forward to seeing you." "Okay." "Sweet potato pie?" "You're gonna make me..." "That's wonderful." "Okay." "BYE-bye." "Back at you." "You know I'm gonna kill you, right?" "Carter, stop that." "All right." "These are our guys." "The Blues Brothers?" "Yeah." "Look." "Guess which one of them is your real father." "The one with the hat." "Detective Carter?" "Special Agents Gentry and Cole." "Man, am I glad to see you guys." "Gentry and Cole?" "Yeah." "So what?" "Don't mind him." "He's simple." "I guess you boys had a pretty rough ride." "Man, you can say that again." "Darryl Gentry, Darryl Gentry..." "That's my name." "Don't wear it out." "First name is Darryl, right?" "Yeah." "Named after my mother's brother." "Oh, man." "You talk about simple." "Old Uncle Darryl was a goddamn pinhead." "How did I know your first name?" " What's that?" " Your first name, how did I know that?" "Hell, I don't know." "I suppose I said something back at the station." "That's right." "Keats, remember that?" "He goes, "I'm Darryl Gentry," right at the station." "He goes, "I'm Darryl Gentry."" "'Cause it's not like I'm a psychic." "If I was a psychic, I would have made you out for a cop." "We wouldn't be in this mess in the first place." "How the hell do you shut him up?" "This usually works." "Get the wheel!" "You gonna shoot that shit?" "Get the hell out of my car." "Get out!" "You all right?" "Good." "It's time to roll." "Oh, my God." "The guy looks like a tumbleweed." "Yeah!" "The Rock and Archie Show." "You did good." "I told you I was telling the truth about them FBI guys." "So you told the truth." "Just like I was telling the truth about how shooting you was an accident." " Don't go there." " Hey, man." "I may not know you, where you're really from, or what school you really went to, or whether or not your dad really was a smack-head, but you know me, man." "Say it." "Tell me I ain't a liar." "Say it, Keats." "You ain't a liar." "Hallelujah." "Hey, Mo." "My father really did die with a needle in his arm." "You're the only person I ever told that to." "I wish I could hug you, but I got these goddamn handcuffs on." "Stick your finger in your ass, Alfie." "The reason Colton wants me so bad and the reason the DEA was so willing to make a deal with me is 'cause I know how Colton's whole operation works, from how he imports the drugs to how he launders the money through his car dealership." "It's all written in them notebooks I was telling you about." "The ones with the names?" "You could make a case against Colton that would put him away for 20 lifetimes." "I could help you get them." "If I let you go?" "The cops don't give a shit about me." "They want Colton." "No can do." "How can you do this to me?" "You're giving up Colton." "You're not gonna do much time." "Oh, yeah, okay." "Smuggling dope, shooting a cop..." "I'll see you in 10 years." "And that's if your boy Finch doesn't pick me off on the way to headquarters." "I'm not taking you to headquarters." "I'm taking you to my precinct." "I know people there I can trust." "You'll be all right." "We were friends, Keats." "Friends." "Doesn't that mean anything to you?" "Don't give me that shit about just doing your job, 'cause that's crap." "I was doing my job then, and I'm doing my job now." "Well, your job sucks." "Could you move your head to the left?" "I think that fucking plate is ruining the reception." "Jesus." "You're right." "All right, Jack!" " Where's the Captain at?" " Haven't seen him." "Good to see you, man, but you look like shit." "Why don't you go home?" "We'll take this guy off your hands." "Wait." "Hold on." "Do the names Sulliman and Jones mean anything to you?" "Hey, wait a minute." "What's with you, Jack?" "You don't trust us all of a sudden?" "I don't trust anybody, Whoopi." "Sulliman." "Jones." "Don't ring a bell." "Keep him away from Finch." " That bastard's on Colton's payroll." " That son of a bitch." "I knew there was a reason I didn't like that guy." "Hey, Keats." " Yeah?" " Will you do me a favor?" "Could you check in on my mom every once in a while?" "Make sure she's not smoking too much weed?" "I got nobody else to ask." "You got it." "I'll look after her." " Hello?" " Hey, bright eyes." "Jack, where are you?" "I'm at the..." "Hello?" "Hello, Jack." "Welcome home." "You son of a bitch." "If you hurt her, I swear to God..." "Yeah, yeah." "Listen." "I'm a businessman, so I thought maybe we'd discuss a little business." "See, you have something that I want, and I have something that you want, so what I'm talking about here is an even swap." "I don't have Moses anymore." "I turned him in." "That's not very good then, is it?" "You better get him back." "You bring Moses to my house, or you'll never see your little girlfriend again." "Come on down, hear?" "Watch your step." "Look, man, don't do what I think you want to do, 'cause I'm telling you, neither one of us is gonna like it." "Wait!" "Hold up." " I need him back." " What are you talking about?" " I'm taking him to headquarters myself." " What?" "Why?" "Never mind why." "Get the fuck off me." "He's taking me back." "He said he is, so we're going." "Sorry about your lunch, big man." "Hey, man, thank you." "I knew you wouldn't let me down." " Was it that last look I gave you?" " Yeah." "All of that." "Jack, where are you going?" "Trust me on this, Captain." "He's dirty." " What the hell are you talking about?" " You heard me." "Are you crazy?" " I'll explain it all to you later." " You'll explain now." "Jensen." " This guy's name is Jensen?" " Why?" "What?" " What?" " It's not Finch, man, it's Jensen!" " He works with Colton!" " What the hell is he saying?" "You got to get me out of here now!" "He's saying that you're in bed with Colton." "Now, back up." "He's a lying son of a bitch!" "He doesn't lie." "Are you gonna take the word of that little prick over mine?" "Right now, I have to." "You're on suspension, you son of a bitch." "Now turn that prisoner over." "Don't you even think about it." "And you..." "You ought to be ashamed of yourself." "Hey, man." "Hey, how you doing?" "I cannot believe that it was Jensen." "This guy's been like a father to me." " Oh, shit." " Hmm?" "I'm not gonna tell you, 'cause you're probably gonna get mad." "Mo, what are you talking about?" "There is a chance..." "I'm not 100% sure, but maybe it was Benson, not Jensen." " You're bullshitting me." " No, I'm not positive about this." "Actually, I am pretty positive it was Benson." " They sound the same." " I could kick your ass!" "It's very close." "Jensen, Benson." "They rhyme." " Jesus Christ, give me a break." " Give you a break?" "You should be happy." "Your captain's clean." "I knocked my superior officer on his ass." "I pulled a gun on him, and I should be happy?" "The good thing is, when push came to shove you acted like a human being instead of a cop." "Man, you wouldn't let me rot in that jail cell and I love you for it." "Moses..." "I swear to God, I'm going to make it up to you." "That's a promise." " I got something to tell you." " Mmm-hmm." "Go ahead." " You're not gonna get mad?" " I ain't gonna get mad at you." "I'm falling in love with you all over again." "Okay." "Colton's got Traci." "He says the only way I can get her back is if I turn you in." "There." "I said it." "You can't stop fucking me over, can you?" "I'm not gonna turn you in." "Okay?" "But I can't get her back without you." "You're the only one that knows your way around that place." "We both know I ain't gonna make it out of that place alive if I go there." " Look..." " Forget it, man." " I ain't doing this shit." " Okay, fine." "Then I guess you lied to me after all." "Okay." "About what?" "You said you would take a bullet for me." "I would have taken a bullet for you at one time, but that shit's all gone now." "Cool." "Then don't do it for me." "Do it for yourself, because as long as you're alive, Colton wants you dead." "It's only a matter of time before he puts your lights out." "God damn it." "All right." "Give me a gun." "Moses, you're a fugitive who's in my custody." "I can't just give you a gun." " Even if it means I'm gonna get killed?" " It don't work like that." "Even if it means Traci could get killed?" "Will you get over that black-and-white shit and come over to the gray area?" "God damn it!" "There's plenty of room." " I think Mr. Colton's waiting to see us." " He certainly is." "Hand it over." "After you." "Gross!" "Right in the fucking eyeball." "Bet you're glad you gave me that gun." "This is the only door without an alarm." " Where does it lead to?" " Guest kitchen." "Nobody's ever in there." "Oh, shit." "Get her out of here." "I think they're eating fajitas." "God damn it." "Throw it back." "Now!" "So no one's ever in here, huh, Moses?" "Shit." "Is that all you got?" "Come here." "Motherfucker!" "Oh, Jack." "Thank God." "I was so scared." "Where's Colton?" "I saw him drive off when the shooting started." "Come on." "Let's get out of here." "There may still be people around here." "I don't have a gun." "I've got one." "Great." "Let me have it." "Put your hands up, Jack." "Traci, now is not the time for jokes." "Give me the gun." "Put your hands up, or I will let you have it." "Move toward the door." "So after all this time it was you?" " I'm sorry, Jack." " Why don't you just shoot me in my head?" "It won't hurt as much." "Give me the gun, bitch!" "Thank you." " Where the hell were you?" " Getting Colton's notebooks." "According to these, it's Nurse Traci's job to get close to somebody and then fuck them over." " No wonder you liked her." " Jack, please." "Move it." "Colton knew you'd be coming after me sooner or later, so he sicced devil eyes over here on you to lead him to me." "Jack, Colton made me do it." "He would have killed me if I hadn't done it." "Watch it now, Keats." "She's playing you." "But then I fell in love with you." ""But then I fell..." Shut the fuck up." "I swear to God I did." "She's lying out her devil ass." "Will you shut the fuck up?" "Why don't you make me?" "Jesus." "I got to learn how to fight." "This is pathetic." "Moses, don't you do it." "Your girlfriend is shooting at me." "What do you want me to do, tell her she's pretty?" "Traci!" "Traci!" "Put the gun down." "I'm walking out of here, Jack." "Don't try to stop me." "God damn it, Traci, will you stop this?" "Don't take it personally." "I'm just doing my job." "Oh, shit!" "I've heard that before." "Look, Moses, shut up." "Okay?" "Traci, please." "Don't make you feel too good, does it, Keats?" "Traci!" "Okay, Jack." "I'm coming out." "I don't want anyone else to get hurt." "Hey, Keats, take a gun." "She's crazy." "Put it down." "Keats, look out!" "Hey, jack-off." "You make one hell of a partner." "First you bust them, then you get them shot." "Hey, you know what?" "Screw him." "I built my whole business selling to morons like him." "You come on down to Colton Motors, you hear?" "And I'll sell you a new partner, one without a bullet in him." "Think of the depreciation." "Step into my office, chump." "I could kill you now." "That wouldn't be enough." "What?" "'Cause first, man," "I'm gonna fuck you up." "Let's get our story straight." "You two, you broke in here to kill me." "That's what you get for trying to make me suck your dick." "Hey, Mo." "I can't believe you did that." "Did what?" "You actually took a bullet for me, man." " That was pretty nice of me, wasn't it?" " Yeah." "What?" "Hey, sit down." "Let me look at that." "Shit." "Man, that's just a little flesh wound." "A bullet hit my back." "It hurts." "Try taking one in the head." "All right, yeah." "That probably hurt more." "Those notebooks ought to make that Benson or Jensen guy forget you ever hit him." "It's Jensen." "And you better get the hell out of here." "Thanks, man." "Hey, you take care of yourself." "Try not to mess up." "This life-of-crime bullshit, I'm done with that." "I'm going to Cabo." "Drinking margaritas, banging sefioritas." "Fuck that shit, man." "I'm gonna be a bullfighter." "I hear those guys make a lot of money." "You should come." "Maybe." "To the Rock and Archie Show." "To the Jack and Archie Show." "I'll see you later." "See you, Moses." "Jeez." "The American customer is different than here in Mexico." "You see, we like it when you first meet somebody you just start kissing." "You kiss each other, get to know each other a little better." "It's a little strange at first, but if you loosen up, you can enjoy it." "I think it could be fun." "Sefior, you are so funny." "I'm funny, and I'm good-looking, too." "You got to admit that." "I'm not great-looking, but pretty good." "You know, like about a seven." "You know what I wanted to ask you." "How many out of the three of you have done it with a bullfighter?" " Anybody?" "Come on, show of hands." " We don't like bullfighters." "We hate when they kill the bull." "I wouldn't kill the bull." "That's not nice." "What I like to do is, I like to get to know the bull." "Teach it how to read, that kind of thing." " To make them stop smoking." " Let's go." "It's not right for a bull to smoke." "How's it going?" "We don't like you gringos bothering our women." "And I wouldn't do that." "That's why I'm gonna leave now." "It was great meeting you." "Take care." "Oh, God." "Come on." "Hey!" "You got a problem with him, then you got a problem with us." "Right, Keats?" "You don't want to beat the shit out of me in front of my mother, do you?" "Mom!" "Mother!" | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'a7c5ed1b241369ff3d076cbedf0c574fca5712362117c200a9c4eb520a436c3e'} |
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Him where i toppled overtaken our. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '56', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9285510778427124}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '11720', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VMOJWK7FVW3ZQKPPIDTYRRSC2C6256IJ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:2eba9332-a6ee-4869-b5a2-7a5a311fe53c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 24, 6, 40, 6), 'WARC-IP-Address': '88.99.167.222', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:AVBFQ52GTL7R7DCORRTXWSHBQV5YS2XE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:43bdd92d-29a4-4c24-b64f-221924a37959>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://7rulnik.me/avi-429470.php', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f4fb76da-abbd-4a11-bfb7-00e28e82b35f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '450', 'url': 'http://7rulnik.me/avi-429470.php', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-95-180-234.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03859376907348633', 'original_id': 'ab74ee4e0c3a327d42fccc37e7a4de55da2825d6fea1febe3ff2d88d310d3576'} |
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# uintmax_t
* cstdint[meta header]
* std[meta namespace]
* type-alias[meta id-type]
* cpp11[meta cpp]
```cpp
namespace std {
using uintmax_t = unsigned-integer-type;
}
```
* unsigned-integer-type[italic]
## 概要
最大の符号なし整数型。
## バージョン
### 言語
- C++11
### 処理系
- [Clang](/implementation.md#clang): 3.2
- [GCC](/implementation.md#gcc): 4.7.0
- [ICC](/implementation.md#icc): ??
- [Visual C++](/implementation.md#visual_cpp): 2010, 2012, 2013
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '24189168c60c70acb3d861f38efd16fa0fd019907cfac9286e1950bc7732818b'} |
Baltimore Orioles second baseman Brian Roberts is expected to be sidelined 2-4 weeks because of a ruptured tendon in the back of his right knee, according to The Baltimore Sun. He has been placed on the 15-day disabled list.
Roberts suffered the injury while stealing second base during Thursday’s win over the Tampa Bay Rays. He immediately left the game, creating speculation that he was destined for yet another long layoff.
Because of concussion problems and other injuries, Roberts has been limited to a total of 115 games over the previous three seasons.
In three games this season, Roberts is 5-for-12 with an RBI and a stolen base. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '84c7003225265b4c413a1457ef8c3e6626333b4bdc8fa9a68e053aa0794b0e8a'} |
Q:
String split in R skipping first delimiter if multiple delimiters are present
I have "elephant_giraffe_lion" and "monkey_tiger" strings.
The condition here is if there are two or more delimiters, I want to split at the second delimiter and if there is only one delimiter, I want to split at that delimiter. So the results I want to get in this example are "elephant_giraffe" and "monkey".
mystring<-c("elephant_giraffe_lion", "monkey_tiger")
result
"elephant_giraffe" "monkey"
A:
You can anchor your split to the end of the string using $,
unlist(strsplit(mystring, "_[a-z]+$"))
# [1] "elephant_giraffe" "monkey"
Edit
The above only matches the last "_", not accounting for cases where there are more than two "_". For the more general case, you could try
mystring<-c("elephant_giraffe_lion", "monkey_tiger", "dogs", "foo_bar_baz_bap")
tmp <- gsub("([^_]+_[^_]+).*", "\\1", mystring)
tmp[tmp==mystring] <- sapply(strsplit(tmp[tmp==mystring], "_"), `[[`, 1)
tmp
# [1] "elephant_giraffe" "monkey" "dogs" "foo_bar"
You could also use gsubfn, to process the match with a function
library(gsubfn)
f <- function(x,y) if (y==x) strsplit(y, "_")[[1]][[1]] else y
gsubfn("([^_]+_[^_]+).*", f, mystring, backref=1)
# [1] "elephant_giraffe" "monkey" "dogs" "foo_bar"
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '3ec4242312bb9186ef9fca1ccbe8899dc761acd1498f1f26663fa03aaa192015'} |
It is especially easy to obtain for (ideal) s \( \newcommand{\mol}{\units{mol}} % mole\) , since the potential energy of an N+1 particle system can be separated into the potential energy of an N particle system and the potential of the excess particle interacting with the N particle system, that is. 1 combining the above equation with the definition of chemical potential, The Chemical Potential. Majed N. Aldossary , at constant temperature : ∫ The vapour pressure of the pure liquid A is hence written as . \( \newcommand{\timesten}[1]{\mbox{$\,\times\,10^{#1}$}}\) potential. chemical potential is also known as partial molar #gibbs free energy, it is also useful to prove several rules like henrys law, raoults law and many others. are, So far so good. endobj \( \newcommand{\sln}{\tx{(sln)}}\) Think of a beam balance and you get the drift. \( \newcommand{\bpht}{\small\bph} % beta phase tiny superscript\) \( \newcommand{\f}{_{\text{f}}} % subscript f for freezing point\) ; \( \newcommand{\ecp}{\widetilde{\mu}} % electrochemical or total potential\) N \( \newcommand{\Rsix}{8.31447\units{J$\,$K$\per\,$mol$\per$}} % gas constant value - 6 sig figs\), \( \newcommand{\jn}{\hspace3pt\lower.3ex{\Rule{.6pt}{2ex}{0ex}}\hspace3pt} \) T The differential of the Gibbs free energy is: where is volume, is pressure, is entropy and is temperature. Howard DeVoe, Associate Professor Emeritus. The dependence of the chemical potential on pressure at constant temperature is given by Eq. look at currents (electrical or otherwise), i.e. G From regular thermodynamics we get a (Section 9.2.6 will introduce a more general definition of chemical potential that applies also to a constituent of a mixture.) \( \newcommand{\As}{A\subs{s}} % surface area\) The chemical potential of A (in liquid and in the vapour) is given by You can chose whatever you like, but /Length 231 T The calculating of excess chemical potential is not limited to homogeneous systems, but has also been extended to inhomogeneous systems by the Widom insertion method, or other ensembles such as NPT and NVE. T chemical potential, So far we have Let \(\mu'\) be the chemical potential and \(\fug'\) be the fugacity at the pressure \(p'\) of interest; let \(\mu''\) be the chemical potential and \(\fug''\) be the fugacity of the same gas at some low pressure \(p''\) (all at the same temperature). that can be identified and numbered. between electrons and holes in semiconductors, physically minded people do not \( \newcommand{\mA}{_{\text{m},\text{A}}} % subscript m,A (m=molar)\) … The excess chemical potential is defined as the difference between the chemical potential of a given species and that of an ideal gas under the same conditions (in particular, at the same pressure, temperature, and composition). Q Lets look at the free enthalpy of the formal way, the particle numbers are. Gases like to mix! Unless otherwise noted, LibreTexts content is licensed by CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. %���� feel that this involves chemistry. Then we use Eq. \( \newcommand{\rxn}{\tx{(rxn)}}\) ! Δ The chemical potential tells how the Gibbs function will change as the composition of the mixture changes. stream The last definition, in which the chemical potential is defined as the partial molar Gibbs function is the most commonly used, and perhaps the most useful (Equation 7.3.1 ). The good news is that the and the way to go at it. Contributors and Attributions; For a system at equilibrium, the Gibbs-Duhem equation must hold: \[\sum_i n_i d\mu_i = 0 \label{eq1}\] This relationship places a compositional constraint upon any changes in the chemical potential in a mixture at constant temperature and pressure for a given composition. \( \newcommand{\B}{_{\text{B}}} % subscript B for solute or state B\) \( \newcommand{\dq}{\dBar q} % heat differential\) Dividing both sides of this equation by \(n\) gives the total differential of the chemical potential with these same independent variables: \begin{gather} \s{ \dif \mu = -S\m \dif T + V\m \difp } \tag{7.8.2} \cond{(pure substance, \(P{=}1\))} \end{gather} (Since all quantities in this equation are intensive, it is not necessary to specify a closed system; the amount of the substance in the system is irrelevant.). \( \newcommand{\liquid}{\tx{(l)}}\) Since the objective of this Demonstration is to show the qualitative behavior, the temperature or pressure is shown on dimensionless relative scales. )\) pt. {\displaystyle \mu _{ex}} T They can be electrons, holes, or anything else It is not currently accepting answers. d = Check "add salt" to see the effect of adding salt to liquid water, and set the salt concentration with a slider. \( \newcommand{\gphp}{^{\gamma'}} % gamma prime phase superscript\) Because the axes cover narrow ranges of temperature and pressure, the chemical potential plots are linear. therefore also for the chemical potential, e.g. We avoid this difficulty by subtracting from the preceding equation the identity \begin{equation} \ln\frac{p'}{p''} = \int_{p''}^{p'}\frac{\difp}{p} \tag{7.8.12} \end{equation} which is simply the result of integrating the function \(1/p\) from \(p''\) to \(p'\). \( \newcommand{\mB}{_{\text{m},\text{B}}} % subscript m,B (m=molar)\) \( \newcommand{\kHB}{k_{\text{H,B}}} % Henry's law constant, x basis, B\) The more stable phases (black solid lines) have a lower chemical potential. 7.8.6: \begin{gather} \s{ \mu = \mu\st\gas + RT \ln \frac{\fug}{p\st}} \tag{7.8.7} \cond{(pure gas)} \end{gather} or \begin{gather} \s{\fug \defn p\st \exp\left[ \frac{\mu-\mu\st\gas }{RT} \right]} \tag{7.8.8} \cond{(pure gas)} \end{gather} Note that fugacity has the dimensions of pressure. \( \newcommand{\sups}[1]{^{\text{#1}}} % superscript text\) \( \newcommand{\m}{_{\text{m}}} % subscript m for molar quantity\) {\displaystyle T} either. Equilibrium, 2.1.1 Simple Vacancies and The next step, however, is a bit more problematic. \( \newcommand{\g}{\gamma} % solute activity coefficient, or gamma in general\) The chemical potential of pure A is written as if we need to distinguish between the liquid phase or the vapour (gas) phase. We can also turn it around: Vacancies in Watch the recordings here on Youtube! Point B is a state of the real gas at pressure \(p'\). many properties very similar to the better known gravitational or electrostatic \( \newcommand{\bpd}[3]{[ \partial #1 / \partial #2 ]_{#3}}\) ignore it (if we don't, math will do it for us as as soon as we write down (i.e. thermodynamical calculations. The external chemical potential is the potential energy per particle in an external eld, and the internal chemical potential energy is the chemical potential that would be present without the external eld. \( \newcommand{\aph}{^{\alpha}} % alpha phase superscript\) If the substance is an ideal gas, So at constant temperature, Equation \ref{eq5} then becomes, \[ \int_{\mu^o}^{\mu} d\mu = RT int_{p^o}^{p} \dfrac{dp}{p} \label{eq5b}\], \[ \mu = \mu^o + RT \ln \left(\dfrac{p}{p^o} \right) \], Patrick E. Fleming (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; California State University, East Bay). Active 3 years, 8 months ago. \( \newcommand{\bPd}[3]{\left[ \dfrac {\partial #1} {\partial #2}\right]_{#3}}\) /Filter /FlateDecode In other words, the "chemical potential μ " is a measure of how much the free enthalpy (or the free energy) of a system changes (by dGi) if you add or remove a number dni particles of the particle species i while keeping the number of the other particles (and the temperature T and the pressure p) constant: d Gi. There is no way we can evaluate the absolute value of \(\mu\) at a given temperature and pressure, or of \(\mu\st\) at the same temperature—at least not to any useful degree of precision. \( \renewcommand{\in}{\sups{int}} % internal\) The general procedure is to integrate \(\dif\mu=V\m\difp\) (Eq. a − = If the gas is an ideal gas, its fugacity is equal to its pressure. The total differential of the Gibbs energy of a fixed amount of a pure substance in a single phase, with \(T\) and \(p\) as independent variables, is \(\dif G = -S\dif T + V\difp\) (Eq. [1] P. Atkins and J. de Paula, Atkins' Physical Chemistry, 8th ed., New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. in this context is described in a series of modules in the ". As long as we look at gases, there is \( \newcommand{\mue}{\mu\subs{e}} % electron chemical potential\) \( \newcommand{\dil}{\tx{(dil)}}\) is therefore given by an ideal part and an excess part. \( \newcommand{\bd}{_{\text{b}}} % subscript b for boundary or boiling point\) For the standard chemical potential of a gas, this e-book will usually use the notation \(\mu\st\gas\) to emphasize the choice of a gas standard state.
Moments Of Laplace Distribution, Zucchini Ravioli With Chicken, Fennel Production In Rajasthan, Fraps Alternative Fps, Nature Of Business Activities Na, Writing Chemical Equations Worksheet Doc, El Nopal Hillview, Cento San Marzano Tomatoes Near Me, Chrono Trigger Wallpaper Iphone, Dying Light 1, First Order Phase Transition Example, Makala Shark Concert Ukulele Review, Wrigley Family Catalina Island, Hessian Sacks Wholesale Uk, Best Wood For Smoking Kielbasa, Whiskey Bottle Decanter, Joyce Chen Wok Pan, Is Pico De Gallo Keto, Quebec Lamb Prices, Zinc Nitrate Formula, Example Of Collection Which Is Not A Set, Aqueous Ammonia Vapor Pressure, Egg Yolk Powder For Baking, Infected Beer Taste, Skullbriar The Walking Grave Sets, Heisenberg Model Pdf, American Woodcock Walk, Garden Grill Epcot Prices 2019, | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '25', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.7931517958641052}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '33929', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:DE7WERWWXGGUJLWQGQVGMJGWDOZP3PI7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:b5bb7119-808e-441a-97d7-3c6f4d462c84>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 5, 12, 5, 4, 1), 'WARC-IP-Address': '205.186.175.129', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:X437EZWMYX56EZGMALEJ4MTAEXZ74NWW', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:c2c43970-1928-4a77-8f55-2cafc144a307>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://nsadvocacy.ca/forum/archive.php?id=chemical-potential-derivation-82ce6b', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:3583cf6c-98ec-4026-8dd6-38ed24816a47>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1218', 'url': 'http://nsadvocacy.ca/forum/archive.php?id=chemical-potential-derivation-82ce6b', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-21\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-25.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.5846382975578308', 'original_id': 'd6662ff0ca4ccc3ffed88d8fcc677001c0df4340075d9f4266b124534a624b04'} |
[Effects of beta-blockers on transmitral, pulmonary venous flows, and spontaneous echo-contrast grades in heart failure].
In this study, we aimed to investigate effects of metoprolol treatment on transmitral, pulmonary venous flows and spontaneous echo contrast in patients with heart failure. Twenty-four patients (mean age: 55+/-8 years) with heart failure were enrolled to the study. All were given metoprolol succinate with titrated target dose of 50 mg/d controlled release tablets for 1 month. Transmitral flow and pulmonary venous flow, systolic, diastolic and atrial reversal flow velocities were measured, and compared with the pretreatment values. Heart rate significantly decreased. No significant change was observed in ejection fraction. When the post treatment values were compared with the pretreatment values, it was detected that isovolumetric relaxation time significantly decreased (p<0.05), mitral E wave and E/A ratio were significantly increased (p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively) after the treatment. A significant increase was observed in pulmonary vein systolic velocity after metoprolol treatment (p<0.05). Metoprolol treatment can cause an improvement in transmitral and pulmonary venous flows. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7240333c39626934e69419b7925ad90cad09dfc0cc4053f4a230b22f6b816588'} |
07 nov 2018
Debunking the Overpopulation Alarmists
By Marian L. Tupy
Is overpopulation a problem? Are we running out of resources? Where did the concern over population growth and resource depletion come from? How accurate were the past predictions of gloom by people who were concerned about the two issues? Will we manage to combine rising numbers of people and higher standards of living with decent stewardship of the planet in the future?
These are just some of the questions answered in Population Bombed: Exploding the link Between Overpopulation and Climate Change, an extensively researched, well-written and concise new book published by the Global Warming Policy Foundation.
The book comes out exactly 50 years after Paul R. Ehrlich published The Population Bomb, in which the Stanford University biology professor famously claimed that population growth would result in resource depletion and the starvation of hundreds of millions of people. The authors of Population Bombed, Pierre Desrochers, who is an associate professor of geography at the University of Toronto, and Joanna Szurmak, who is a doctoral candidate in the graduate program in Science and Technology Studies at York University, Toronto, take stock of past scholarship on “depletionism” and provide a cheerful rejoinder to the doomsayers.
Desrochers and Szurmak begin by outlining the case for the prosecution. The “pessimists” claim that, on a finite planet, population and consumption cannot continue to expand forever; that, to maintain a high standard of living, the number of people will have to come down; that resource exploration and extraction are subject to the law of diminishing returns and will, therefore, become more expensive over time; that discoveries, inventions and innovations do not obviate the need for more resources; and, finally, that human successes in overcoming resource constraints in the past are not relevant to coping with environmental challenges today.
Conversely, the “optimists” claim that population growth makes humanity richer through division of labour and economies of scale; that human ingenuity enhances efficient modes of production and “delivers increasing returns … [through] progressively less damaging ways of doing things”; that, unlike other animals, humans use trade and innovation to get around resource constraints; and, finally, that there is no reason why our past successes cannot be repeated in the future.
Depletionism has a long pedigree that goes back to the Atra-Hasis, an 18th-century BC epic in which the Babylonian gods deemed the world too crowded and unleashed a famine to fix the “problem”. Confucius, Plato, Tertullian, Saint Jerome and Giovanni Botero revisited the issue over the succeeding centuries.
The modern concern with overpopulation is usually traced to the British cleric Thomas Malthus who argued that the human population grows exponentially, while food production grows linearly. Thus, population will eventually outgrow the food supply, resulting in mass starvation.
Depletionism reached its apogee in the concluding decades of the 20th century, when Garrett Hardin pointed to the “tragedy of the commons” (i.e., overuse of resources that are not privately-owned), the Club of Rome predicted stratospheric prices of resources and Paul Ehrlich warned of mass starvation. It was Ehrlich who, unwisely, agreed to a wager with Julian Simon from the University of Maryland on the future availability of resources – and lost.
According to the wager, Ehrlich would choose a “basket” of raw materials that he expected would become less abundant in the coming years and choose a time period of more than a year, during which those raw materials would become more expensive. At the end of that period, the inflation-adjusted price of those materials would be calculated. If the “real” price of the basket was higher at the end of the period than at the beginning, that would indicate the materials had become more precious and Ehrlich would win the wager; if the price was lower, Simon would win. The stakes would be the ultimate price difference of the basket at the beginning and end of the time period.
Ehrlich chose copper, chromium, nickel, tin, and tungsten. The bet was agreed to on September 29, 1980, with September 29, 1990, being the payoff date. In spite of a population increase of 873 million over those 10 years, Ehrlich lost the wager. All five commodities that he had selected declined in price by an average of 57.6 percent. Ehrlich mailed Simon a check for $576.07. Today, raw materials, including rare earths, are abundant and the concept of depletionism, as originally understood, has ceased to be the pessimists’ cri de coeur.
Instead, the pessimists have changed their tack (somewhat). Rather than emphasising depletion of raw materials, like Ehrlich used to do, they now warn of human overconsumption and the related loss of biosphere integrity (the destruction of ecosystems and biodiversity), climate change, ocean acidification, land system change (from woodland to cropland), unsustainable freshwater use, perturbation of biogeochemical flows (nitrogen and phosphorus inputs to the biosphere), alteration of atmospheric aerosols (particulate concentration in the atmosphere), and ozone depletion.
Desrochers and Szurmak engage with many of these relatively new concerns by noting, for example, the methodological problems inherent in the overconsumption models, including the “planetary boundaries framework” that I described in the previous paragraph.
Wisely, the authors do not get bogged down in the science of global warming. Full discussion of global warming would, of course, require a book of its own. As it is, Population Bombed is 250 pages long, and includes 900 footnotes and an extensive 33-page bibliography. Instead, they call for honesty. They note that the use of fossil fuels is at the centre of today’s calls for population control and point out that the pessimists are simply taking the benefits of fossil fuel use, including environmental ones, for granted. Desrochers and Szurmak do not dismiss all concerns about CO2 in the atmosphere, but point out that getting rid of fossil fuels under present circumstances would have dire economic, social and environmental consequences – especially for the world’s poor.
To give just a few examples, production would have to become more expensive for businesses, the price of heating and cooling would become more expensive for households, and land, currently occupied by animals, would have to be covered by wind turbines.
That said, keep in mind that our species has addressed many environmental problems before and we will, probably, solve the future ones as well. Desalination, for example, can help with water shortages, while genetically-modified crops could eliminate the need for excessive use of fertiliser and pesticides. These breakthroughs, and the prospect of many more, make Desrochers and Szurmak’s book a reminder of humanity’s “can do” instincts and problem-solving ability.
This first appeared in CapX.
Marian L. Tupy is a senior policy analyst at the Cato Institute and editor of HumanProgress.org. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '33', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9364686608314514}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '33859', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:JLWVC76V4H6M3HRV22L7OSXD2L5FDPEO', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a09489c5-12ac-4d27-abd5-f0564c78f230>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 18, 8, 43, 56), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.90.254.36', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NPWKDXEEZ6HJJBYNBNUBF2DM7WLF3A2B', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d901ad25-9883-47e8-8262-8792679cb5bd>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://humanprogress.org/article.php?p=1562', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1c6bf6ee-8cb1-4f4a-a841-711e2af5e21b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1134', 'url': 'https://humanprogress.org/article.php?p=1562', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-05\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-245.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.050864994525909424', 'original_id': '846be21123b71150fcf3181d3b1972020862296386f0f399798fc294865fa257'} |
{% extends "forum/_base.html" %}
{% load bootstrap3 %}
{% load i18n %}
<!--
Copyright 2016 Infinite Connection
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
{% block content %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div id="title">
<h2>
{{ user }}
</h2>
{% if profile.banned %}
<span class="label label-danger">{% trans "Banned" %}</span>
{% endif %}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">{% trans "Contact" %}</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<a href="{% url 'new_mail' pk=user.pk %}">{% trans "Send mail" %}</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">{% trans "Sign up date" %}</div>
<div class="panel-body">
{{ profile.signup_date }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">{% trans "Avatar" %}</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<img alt="avatar" src="{% if profile.avatar %}/media/{{ profile.avatar }}{% else %}/static/anonymous_avatar.png{% endif %}" style="max-width: 100px; max-height: 100px;" class="avatar" />
{% if can_edit %}
<br />
<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% bootstrap_form change_avatar_form %}
{% buttons %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
<i class="fa fa-pencil" aria-hidden="true"></i> {% trans "Change" %}
</button>
{% endbuttons %}
</form>
{% endif %}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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The Difference Between an Information Sheet & Brochure
Though you can use the terms "brochure" and "information sheet" to mean the same type of document, there is a general agreement that a brochure serves as a marketing tool, and an information sheet, or fact sheet as many call it, is more for purely informational purposes. There are varying differences in features and format as well.
Generally speaking, the purpose of a brochure is to sell or market a product or service. An information sheet focuses on providing information, and this may be about a product or a company or it could be about something else, such as a disease or a government program. A brochure can, and often does, provide information as a way to sell the product in question, but its primary purpose is marketing.
Often a brochure is a single sheet of paper that you fold to produce many smaller panels that you format and read as separate pages. A brochure will have a cover, and inside and a back. It might have overlapping flaps, so you open one fold and then another before you get to the center. Sometimes the back panel of a brochure is a mailing panel, to which you affix postage and an address label. In contrast, an information sheet is usually a flat page, or it may be several pages stapled together, but they are less likely to be formatted with a fold or folds.
The content of a brochure and fact sheet may be similar. However, a well-written brochure has some important features: the cover will grab the reader's attention and get her to read the rest of the text. Then, the inside content will show the reader why she needs the product or service being marketed. It should end with a call to action, suggesting the reader buy the product, call to make an appointment for a sales call or whatever the marketer wants the reader to do.
Each of these document styles is rather loosely translated, and none of this information is a hard-and-fast rule. Some use these terms interchangeably, and each format is really what you make of it. Also, each can be fancy and expensive, designed by a professional designer and printed on thick, glossy paper with full color photographs. Or they can be plain, black and white with simple fonts and no illustrations or photos. It depends on the purpose and your budget. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9496576189994812}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '167471', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6FMRPDPFDVDPO3FJQW4PJ5UCG3PGLIZ2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:acd61736-8e3d-4528-9f5e-16dbeb668a82>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 25, 21, 7, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.212.249.144', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NQNMI2EW5YVADFFYQVNR6Q4KMG27LDFJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:53d37358-0203-4983-8544-035fb55479ea>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://bizfluent.com/info-7756520-difference-between-information-sheet-brochure.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f8189f2e-e090-4018-8ea7-9cc39a6ea303>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '407', 'url': 'https://bizfluent.com/info-7756520-difference-between-information-sheet-brochure.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-43\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.32478445768356323', 'original_id': 'cd55d099422c08b5a9bb16f5a14021716f0a4f4e88f0c83d5b97f95a650ee92f'} |
Unencrypted login | home
Program Information
Beam Properties of An In-Room Proton Therapy Accelerator
C Bloch
C Bloch*, P Hill, E Klein, Washington University School of Medicine, SAINT LOUIS, MO
SU-E-T-471 Sunday 3:00:00 PM - 6:00:00 PM Room: Exhibit Hall
Purpose: To quantify basic beam properties of the first gantry-mounted proton therapy accelerator, situated in the treatment room and delivering beam to the patient without any intermediate bending magnets.
Methods: Monte Carlo simulations for prototype beamlines of the Mevion S250TM proton therapy system were performed using MCNPX. For each configuration, open profiles in air were determined at 3 different positions for 3 range settings (216 profiles). Similarly, half-beam-blocked profiles were determined for the same settings (216 profiles). Additionally, beam axis fluence profiles in air were determined for 3 range settings (72 profiles). Finally, Bragg peak depth-dose curves in water were determined for 3 range settings (72 profiles). Using these 576 profiles, several beamline parameters were determined for each proton range and configuration, including virtual SAD, effective source size, and effective SAD. Additionally, Bortfeld's analytic approximation of the Bragg curve was fit to each depth-dose curve to determine R0, s and e. The 72 values determined for each parameter were compared within each configuration and across all configurations.
Results: Within any configuration, the change in range was too small (=2.5 cm) to have a large effect on any of the extracted parameters. Comparing parameters among configurations revealed smooth trends. These parameters were then fit as a function of range.
Conclusions: The simplicity of this system results in beams with greater similarity among configurations as compared to other proton therapy systems. Because a beam with fixed initial energy is degraded only by tissue-equivalent materials, range straggling and beam divergence are nearly constant across all beamline configurations. Beam parameters change smoothly as functions of proton range, with no major discontinuities between configurations. This suggests that the entire machine may be fully and accurately characterized in a treatment planning system by fewer measurements than would normally be required.
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Shelby Forest-Frayser
vsRiver Oaks-Kirby-Balmoral
Zillow Home Value Index
Zillow Home Value Index
1-Year Change-8.1%vs+3.7%
Median List Price$25,000vs$185,000
Median Sale Price$29,100vs$190,100
Shelby Forest-Frayser, Memphis tends to be less expensive for home buyers than River Oaks-Kirby-Balmoral, Memphis. During the last year, Shelby Forest-Frayser home values have fallen by 8.1%, while River Oaks-Kirby-Balmoral home values have risen by 3.7%. The median sale price in Shelby Forest-Frayser is $29,100, but the median listing price was $25,000, a 16.4% increase. Meanwhile in River Oaks-Kirby-Balmoral, the median selling price is $190,100, and the starting price had a median of $185,000, a 2.8% increase.
Why is Shelby Forest-Frayser better than River Oaks-Kirby-Balmoral?
Nearby real estate | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '59', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8265655636787415}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '67835', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:GH7BSWQRQSNVYM7UTZ7NRE757POO2KEO', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:158b98be-4a5c-42a9-9ff3-18b48ea658f3>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 22, 2, 4, 39), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.211.12.20', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:TJQGONPZYLPTZDR37BRZGSFJYYIOFUJR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f346c015-8e95-4647-bc42-aec7f70d4457>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.zillow.com/compare/shelby-forest-frayser-memphis-tn-vs-river-oaks-kirby-balmoral-memphis-tn/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a491839c-ce45-46c6-bcca-579e77f7bfbb>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '137', 'url': 'http://www.zillow.com/compare/shelby-forest-frayser-memphis-tn-vs-river-oaks-kirby-balmoral-memphis-tn/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-52\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for December 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02730470895767212', 'original_id': 'e07c0808ca8a8c2844b2e0bacc001e66a31e2a8c086944b9514cf24121e056ce'} |
Εγγραφή Greek
Ψάξε όποια λέξη θες, όπως tittybong:
1. One of the original bands who defined what we now see as "goth", along with Sisters Of Mercy, Siouxsie And The Banshees and Fields Of The Nephilim. Their music is very dark, and sometimes fairly morbid. Go and buy their greatest hits album and you'll see just how great they are. :)
2. A kind of Gothic architecture.
"There's a definite Bauhaus influence on this new Cruxshadows album..."
από StigmataMartyr 30 Ιούλιος 2004
89 31
a protogoth band from the 80's, they had a sound way ahead of their time. Famous for songs like hollow hills or Bela Logusi's dead, their music is very slow at times, and reminds one of wind, cold as death, whistling through the autumn leaves on the trees, a stagnant mist hanging low on the ground. At least, that's what I get out of it. Bauhaus is named after the german school of design, who was obsessed with efficency. For instance, they abolished the capital letters, because moving your finger over to the shift key took too much time.
"Dude, did you get the new bauhaus CD?"
"Um, they've been broken up for like 20 years, dipshit."
από Montezuma999 20 Ιούνιος 2003
185 34
Bauhaus as an architectural movement dating back to the 1910s which is in no way related to Gothic architecture, therefore it is plain incorrect to call "Bauhaus" (the architecture, not the band) a type of Gothic architecture.
Bauhaus the architecture emphasised no frills, a minimalist type of design. The band Bauhaus, which was into frills and costumes and details, probably used the name of the movement in an ironic fashion - this has been the topic of debate, but i'm confident that Peter Murphy ISN'T stupid and the name is an ironic statement!
"Of, relating to, or characteristic of a 20th-century school of design, the aesthetic of which was influenced by and derived from techniques and materials employed especially in industrial fabrication and manufacture."
από lmbloodbath 27 Μάρτιος 2005
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This Dollar Store Find Helped Me Finally Get My Junk Drawers Under Control
We know how overwhelming out-of-control junk drawers can be, but amazingly, we discovered a $1 buy that can help you get yours organized in mere minutes.
Believe it or not, those cheap plastic ice cube trays you can pick up at the dollar store are also awesome for organizing all kinds of crazy stuff around your home. Just stick one (or five) inside some of the messy drawers throughout your apartment to help streamline your place in seconds. Here are a few clever ways to use them:
1. In a Bathroom Drawer
Corral all of your loose hair ties, bobby bins, and other bathroom miscellany inside your drawer with an ice cube tray. You can also employ one with longer molds (like this one on Amazon) to store worn-down make up pencils you just aren’t ready to let go of.
2. Inside Your Desk Drawer
Searching for a cheap way to organize your home office on the fly? Ice cube trays can hold everything from paper clips to broken crayons and binder clips, and cost way less than pricey desktop and drawer organizers.
3. In Your Vanity Drawer
Always seem to be losing earring backs, rings, and other small jewelry items? Ice cube trays, especially the ones with smaller molds, are the perfect size for stashing your favorite baubles. Plus, if you pick a fun shape or color, they can look every bit as cute as a proper jewelry box.
Still not sold on the organizing power of a measly ice cube tray? Try picking up a pair the next time you’re at the dollar store and if you don’t find they make your home more orderly, use them to make some delicious coffee ice cubes or cheesecake pops instead!
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What Do Honey Bees Do in Winter
Our first year of beekeeping, we were so busy with all of the chores and newness of having bees that we didn’t stop to think about what happens to bees during the winter.
What do honey bees do in winter? When winter temperatures drop below 50° F, it is too cold for the bees to fly. In the hive the bees mass together around the queen to form what is called the winter cluster. They vibrate their flight muscles to generate heat up to 95° F in the center of the ball. They eat the honey and pollen that were stored during summer and autumn.
There is a lot that goes on in the hive leading up to and during the winter, so continue reading to find out more.
How Do Honey Bees Keep Warm in the Winter?
An unusual thing about honey bees is that they are one of a few insect species that can generate body heat, and not just a little. They accomplish this by flexing their flight muscles.
A bee can fly in temperatures in the 50’s Fahrenheit, because it is keeping itself warm. The wind passing over its body as it flies can cool the bee too much, so it can become sluggish. The bee may land and pump its flight muscles to warm up again.
They need to keep their flight muscles at 85 degrees or higher or they won’t be able to fly. At takeoff, their flight muscles reach nearly 100 degrees. If the bee becomes too cold and/or runs out its thirty-minute supply of stored body fuel, it won’t be able to get back to the hive.
Inside the hive, honey bees still use their flight muscles to maintain hive temperature. The connection between wings and flight muscles in the thorax is disconnected. The bees then rapidly flex or shiver their muscles to keep the high temperatures needed in the hive during cold weather.
There are three reasons to keep winter hive temperatures high.
The queen bee is essential to the hive. Worker bees may make all of the decisions for the hive, but it is the queen who lays the eggs and ensures the survival of the colony.
Brood, un-emerged baby bees, are the future of the colony. Although the queen doesn’t lay eggs during most of the winter, she does begin in early spring. These are the nurse bees and future foragers for the hive.
If the temperature inside the hive falls below 40 degrees, all the bees will die.
How Do Bees Survive Winter?
So, the bees have a heating system. Now what?
During the fall, the worker bees have been hard at it, storing honey and pollen for their food supplies for the winter.
As temperatures begin to drop, the worker bees push out the drones, the male members of the hive. The sole responsibility of drones is to mate with queens from other colonies during the spring and summer. They don’t even feed themselves. The worker bees feed them. Because they are nothing but a needless expenditure of food and energy during a time of stress to the colony, they are removed from the hive and aren’t allowed to return.
As temperatures drop into the low 50’s, the bees begin to form into a ball in the middle of one of the brood boxes in the hive. As temperatures continue to drop and the foragers stay indoors, the bees all cluster around the queen to keep her warm. Bees will go into empty cells in the wax comb to make the cluster. This way they can make as tight a ball as possible.
The center of the cluster will be from 85 to 95 degrees. It is around 85 degrees when the queen is in the center. When there is brood as well as the queen, the workers heat up the cluster to around 95 degrees. The edges of the cluster will be around 48 degrees.
An individual bee can generate up to 110 degrees of body temperature. The bees making the heat have been dubbed “heater bees”. The ones on the outside of the cluster are at much lower temperatures and begin to get sluggish. They are an insulation layer for the bees deeper within the cluster. As they get cooled, they migrate toward the center of the cluster and warmer bees become the outside until they, too, become cool and move inward.
During warmer days, the bees will move around within the hive. They will shift to be closer to honey frames. If the weather remains very cold, the bees might stay in one place. It can starve with honey frames only a few inches away. We saw this with some of our hives after our first winter. There were full frames of honey with a dead cluster of bees just a few frames away.
During winter months the bees feed on the honey and pollen that they stored during the summer and fall months. The more food in the hive and the closer to the cluster, the better. If a colony gets chilled, it will be too sluggish to reach honey stores just a few frames away.
Bees don’t need an external water source during the winter. Because everyone is in the hive and creating a lot of heat, humidity can build up in the hive. This provides enough moisture for the bees. In fact, too much moisture in a hive can kill a cool colony in the winter.
Bees do need potty breaks during the winter. They will stay confined for long periods, but on sunny days when the temperature of the hive rises, the bees will take what are known as cleansing flights to relieve themselves outside of the hive.
How Do You Take Care Of Bees In The Winter?
As I mentioned, during our first year of beekeeping, we had plenty to keep us busy. Then winter arrived.
We had a whole new learning curve with new terminology, new chores, and new equipment.
The winter process begins in the fall. The steps are:
• fall feeding
• combining colonies
• moisture control
• winter feeding
• mite control
Fall Feeding
During the fall, after removing the honey supers (boxes of honey for the beekeeper), it’s important that the bees have enough honey stored in the brood boxes to keep them fed through the winter.
A hive will need 60-80 pounds of honey to get through the winter.
If there is what is known as a period of dearth, when not many plants are providing nectar and pollen, the bees may begin to eat the honey they have already stored. One year we found virtually all the honey frames empty at the beginning of September. This is when beekeepers need to feed their bees so they can store enough honey for winter.
Combining Colonies
There is a fine line that divides colonies that can survive the winter from those that can’t. Large colonies can create enough heat to keep the hive warm. But they require a lot of food. Smaller colonies don’t need as much honey and pollen stores, but with fewer bees, they will have a more difficult time keeping the hive warm.
I wish we had known more about this that first year. We had two colonies that were small. The appropriate steps would have been to decide upon the best queen of the two hives, kill the other queen, and then combine the two hives to make one. We would have had a chance of one surviving the winter. As it was, we lost two.
Homemade Quilt Box for Moisture Control
Moisture Control
Hot bees in a confined space will create a lot of moisture. Bees can tolerate cold much better than wet. There are two problems with damp. It can cool and chill the bees. It encourages the growth of mold, fungi and other unpleasant things. Think of a damp, cold bathroom in winter.
Here in the Pacific Northwest, our winter temperatures are mostly in the 30’s and 40’s. Instead of snow we get rain. Moisture is a big problem in the bee yards, so the quilt box is a standard piece of apiary equipment. No, a quilt box has nothing to do with patchwork blankets.
A quilt box is a wooden frame 2”- 4” deep that fits on top of hive boxes. Screen covered vents for air circulation are all along the sides near the top. The bottom is either wire mesh with fabric or just firmly attached fabric across the bottom of the box. The contents of the box vary, but the intent is the same – they should be able to soak up excess moisture, so it won’t drip into the brood box and onto the bee cluster. Some people use wood shavings and some use burlap bags for filler.
We have hamster bedding in our quilt boxes. We can lift the lid and stick our hands in to check the moisture level without letting air into the hive. If the bedding seems too damp, we scoop it out and put in dry. The box of old shavings gets set in a corner in the kitchen to dry out.
Winter Feeding
The girls (the bees) may eat up their honey stores and need to be fed. This is where the candy board comes in. It is a 2” high wooden frame with wire mesh on the bottom and the bee food is set into the frame on top of the wire.
During the winter, bees are fed solid food because syrup might freeze. There are several methods of feeding sugar during the winter. Some people cook sugar cakes to make bee fondant. Some make cakes without cooking them. And some people just use granulated sugar, either sprinkling it on top of the frames or setting a small bag of sugar on top and slicing through the paper.
Varroa Mite Treatment
The Big Bad for bees is varroa mites. They weaken bees, making the bees more susceptible to diseases. Varroa mites lay their eggs in open brood cells and attach themselves to any baby bees that are laid there. Winter, when most brood cells are empty and uncapped, is an excellent time to treat with oxalic acid vapors. Fogging hives once a week in January will ensure that all cells have been treated. This gives your bees a good, mite free start going into the spring population build-up.
It may sound as though there is a lot to do to keep your bees healthy and happy during the winter, but it takes little time and you are rewarded by seeing your “girls” coming out of hives in spring.
Related Questions
How many bees die in winter?
When going into winter, a hive may have 60,000 bees. Easily two-thirds of those could die over the winter. Many of those will just succumb to old age. Even with 20,000 bees, a hive will have a healthy start for spring.
Can you move a beehive in the winter?
Yes. It is easiest to move beehives in the winter because the bees aren’t going out of the hive and flying. Block up the entrances and move the hives. Professional beekeepers in the far north will sometimes move their hives into large storage buildings for the winter | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.93790465593338}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '34214', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:FVWB52VWJVMOXKXTS3LZAI2YDJWIOOFC', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:74372c64-2735-46eb-9adb-108cb154f20c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 21, 5, 52, 31), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.209.88.203', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FVAJCIA5JX3L5JLEUFZIOGYJS2LH2NBA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e40e6a34-f064-4585-b637-537d61ba07c7>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://neverdonebeekeeping.com/bees/what-do-honey-bees-do-in-winter/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:c7d34d09-8382-47cb-9a7f-ad0dab89fe61>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1883', 'url': 'https://neverdonebeekeeping.com/bees/what-do-honey-bees-do-in-winter/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-12.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.38284164667129517', 'original_id': '1fd075ce1ac245ef52d66069594ba93156242f73dbfe17c19eb021aeeb4a0b93'} |
Tag Archives: Safety
By Charles Murray – The Boeing Co. took the issue of 787 battery fires head-on last night, definitively declaring that with pending modifications to its lithium-ion battery packs, a “fire can’t begin, develop, or be sustained.”
The key to preventing fires is to carefully control the amount of available oxygen, Mike Sinnett, vice president and chief engineer of the 787 program said. Describing a potential scenario, he explained that the pressure disc in the rear of the enclosure would open after about 1.5 seconds of cell venting. Vented electrolyte would then entrain the air inside the enclosure and “take it overboard… So as long as we keep the vented air out of the battery enclosure, there’s no oxygen to support combustion.” more> http://tinyurl.com/cp5q43s
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By Kristin Lewotsky – The SPEXER 1000 brings military-class performance to security applications, allowing facilities to monitor a 120° field of view economically across a range as long as 17km (10.6 miles). The complete system is designed for easy installation and integration with command and control systems on stationary and mobile platforms monitoring land, sea, or air.
Conventional radar systems often rotate to cover 360°, but that’s not always necessary in security applications. Often, perimeters can be secured by monitoring specific areas of vulnerability, which speeds up the process while reducing power demand and avoiding the acquisition and processing of unnecessary data. An airport system, for example, could ignore passenger entry points but would need to cover regions at the ends of runways or around the fuel depot. more> http://tinyurl.com/cfwg9xc
NASA – Gene Kranz (foreground, back to camera), an Apollo 13Flight Director, watches Apollo 13 astronaut and lunar module pilotFred Haise onscreen in the Mission Operations Control Room, during the mission’s fourth television transmission on the evening of April 13, 1970. Shortly after the transmission, an explosion occurred that ended any hope of a lunar landing and jeopardized the lives of the crew.
SPACE WATCHUPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE (UARS) UpdateNASA – NASA’s decommissioned Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) fell back to Earth between 11:23 p.m. EDT Friday, Sept. 23 and 1:09 a.m. Sept. 24, 20 years and nine days after its launch on a 14-year mission that produced some of the first long-term records of chemicals in the atmosphere. more> http://is.gd/zJ5SX1
NASA – As of Sept. 16, 2011, the orbit of UARS was 140 mi by 155 mi (225 km by 250 km). Re-entry is expected Sept. 23, plus or minus a day. The re-entry of UARS is advancing because of a sharp increase in solar activity since the beginning of this week.
By Marcia Dunn – NASA scientists are doing their best to tell us where a plummeting six-ton satellite will fall later this week. It’s just that if they’re off a little bit, it could mean the difference between hitting Florida or landing on New York. Or, say, Iran or India.
The satellite will break into pieces, and scientists put the odds of it hitting someone at 1-in-3,200. As far as anyone knows, falling space debris has never injured anyone. Nor has significant property damage been reported. That’s because most of the planet is covered in water and there are vast regions of empty land. more> http://is.gd/spkzHT
By S. Julio Friedmann – The world is emitting more carbon dioxide than even the worst-case IPCC models allow. In 2010, roughly 35 billion tons of man-made CO2 entered the atmosphere — about 70 times the weight of all human beings on earth. That annual volume is about seven billion tons more than it was in 2004, largely because of rapid economic growth in developing countries.
Unfortunately, energy technology, on the whole, has not evolved fast enough to cope with the CO2 problem. Novel nuclear reactor research continues, including new fuel cycles (like thorium), proliferation-resistant designs, new “inherently safe” designs, and lower-cost approaches. However, the tragedy of the tsunami-induced reactor failures in Japan has delayed the deployment of new nuclear technologies. more> http://twurl.nl/posymb | mini_pile | {'original_id': '8917ffe37b383e84963c71d584e66a7aef5f02df8d9867970b5f1880a23b966a'} |
5 Bathroom Problems We See Over and Over and Over Again
5 Bathroom Problems We See Over and Over and Over Again
Tess Wilson
Jan 23, 2018
(Image credit: Franke Chung )
Bathrooms are tricky little devils. They're highly used spaces, must function very well, and require extensive cleaning. Unfortunately, there's lots of room for error: either poor design to begin with, or wear and tear that rears its ugly head over time. If it's your bathroom we're talking about, the best case scenario is you become aware of some of its flaws. The worst case is something goes disastrously wrong with all that damaging water around. Here are just five signs it might be time to fix or renovate your bathroom.
#5: Awkward Design
Time to take a shower! You've brought your post-shower outfit into the bathroom, but there's no place to put it where it will remain dry and unwrinkled. Now it's time to dry off! But the towel hooks and/or bars are across the room, so your towel is crumpled on the floor next to the shower—and there's nowhere to hang your bathmat to dry when you're done either. Or it's time to do your hair! But there's no place to set your styling tools and products while you work because you just have a sink with no vanity countertop.
If your bathroom makes even the simplest task an acrobatic version of Tetris, it might be time to make some changes. These could be as simple as additional hooks for towels and clothes or bars for towels and bathmats, or as involved as installing a vanity. No matter what you're doing in the bathroom, you have to be able to put things down for a second!
#4: Lack of Storage
If your bathroom has a sink but no vanity countertop, that makes it difficult to perform your 12-step skincare regimen, but it makes it impossible to store all 12 products! I suppose there are folks out there who have masterfully Kon-Mari-ed their bathroom and only own 3 products total, but for most of us, the bathroom storage list is more like this: shampoo, conditioner, shower gel, body scrub, deodorant, lotion, makeup remover, face wash, moisturizer, sunscreen, toothpaste, toothbrush, floss, mouthwash, razors, shaving cream, tampons, contraceptives, prescriptions, vitamins, first-aid kid, nail polish and remover, blow dryer, styling tool, hair products, brushes and combs, candles, air freshener, toilet paper, paper towels, towels, washcloths, and a hamper. All of that stuff needs a place to go, and if your bathroom can't accommodate most of it, it's probably time for a change.
Installing a vanity around a sink will add a ton of storage, as will adding wall shelves, an over-the-toilet shelving unit, and a generously-sized shower caddy. If you're totally redoing your bathroom, now's the time to create as much built-in storage space as possible—and admit to yourself how much storage space you actually need.
#3: Water-Vulnerable Materials
I believe all bathrooms should be like the ones in the Self-Cleaning House invented by Frances Gabe: "Every room contained sprinklers in the ceiling that sprayed soap and water in circular motion, which would land on floors coated with waterproof varnish. Well-placed drains and hot-air vents helped dry things afterward, while resin, waterproof fabric and awnings protected the furniture and accouterments of the house." But instead of waterproof, resin-coated walls and tiny umbrellas for our decorative items, we have bathrooms with painted or wallpapered walls, wood vanities, framed paper art, and other water-vulnerable materials. Years and decades of steam and splashed water can cause irreparable damage to your bathroom, and when it's done, it's done.
If your wallpaper or paint is bubbled, your floor is warped, your ceiling is stained, your vanity has swelled, and/or there's any sort of leaking, mildew, or mold, it might be time for a major makeover. And remember: severe water damage in the bathroom can cause larger problems for the rest of your home down the road, so take care of the issues before they spread.
#2: Inadequate Systems
Bathrooms are very tricky when it comes to all matters HVAC-related. A bathroom should be warm and cozy (you're wet and naked!) but very well-ventilated (it's steamy and sometimes smelly!). A drafty bathroom can make bathing a stressful experience that you dread, and a lack of proper ventilation can cause water/steam damage to walls, floors, and decorative elements.
If your bathroom is cold, overly steamy, drafty, or consistently stinky, it may be time to make some major changes. Installing (or repairing improperly installed) in-floor heating, an exhaust fan, a baseboard heater, or a heat lamp like in a hotel can transform your bathroom from stuffy, chilly, and unpleasant to a place of relaxation and pampering.
#1: Nothing Looks or Feels Clean
This one is the worst. You spend hours scrubbing your tub, tile, floors, and toilet, but the room still looks dingy and dirty. All the drudgery, none of the shiny, satisfying results! If your grout, tub, sink, shower surround, and/or tiles are permanently stained or damaged, or if there are spots that are impossible to clean (this one is hard to describe but if you've ever lived in an old house in which there are weird spaces between walls and floors or sink and walls, you know what I mean—tiny pits of despair that you simply can't clean), it might be time for a makeover.
The ideal bathroom surfaces are smooth, easy-to-clean, sturdy enough to stand up to a good scrubbing, water-resistant, and perfectly flush with each other—and they'll actually look and feel clean after their weekly scrubbing. Get clean in a clean room!
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I can not inform you how lots of times I have actually heard that the weight reduction methods for women are different from those of guys. Yes there may be small pieces of a weight loss program that may need to be customized for each gender, but the fundamentals are the exact same no matter your gender.
Choose The Finest Fat Loss Programs In Hooks TX Right Now
Start the day off right: Never skip breakfast! This meal assists jump-start your metabolic process. Missing this meal is most likely one of the most significant errors dieters tend to make and so many individuals do it without even considering its effects.
How About Weight Loss Center?
Idea number 3 to obtain your best body quick is to consume a wide range of food. This will make certain that you are getting the correct amount of vitamins, nutrients and fiber that will help you lose weight.
Structure muscles to burn fat – This is the most recent technique followed to minimize the stored fat rapidly. Particularly, this is apt option for the fatty females to get a slimmer structure. Muscles have excellent function in burning the fat permanently. The very best way to construct muscles are selecting the best exercise together with the cardio vascular programs. Some of the right workouts appropriate for middle age group are lunges, dead lifts, crouches, bench presses and so on. So, a strong workout plan is necessary to develop muscle tissue.
Diet Meals Incorporated
I think its important to comprehend how we got fat. This will assist us in losing it, Saving the additional calories, is the body’s method of preparing for leaner times. Gradually these kept energy cells will begin to require brand-new clothes. We will all have various calorie requirements daily, it is essential that you understand yours. Once you find this number out, lets say its 2000 calories a day, anything over this will not be removed by the body, however instead will likely be changed into fat and transferred throughout the body. For other people it might be 3000 calories a day, but exactly what ever it is you need to discover as this will help within your weight loss efforts.
Here are some suggestions that your need prior to your start: Perseverance: If you ever plan to make not just this but any weight loss program a success, you will need the will power to drill the method for you. Tell yourself daily that you are truly worth the effort. If you have your will power with you, you will make all the way.
Exercise Plan Which Fits You
When you start to exercise, it is normal for your cravings to increase. A common error is to delight in extra snacks and deals with as a benefit for the workout. However eating those deals with can trigger weight gain.
Set objectives: Choose what does it cost? weight you desire to lose and ensure you keep it realistic. Don’t attempt to lose ten pounds in one week. That’s unrealistic. A castle in the air triggers frustration, therefore causing the dieter to give up.
The Hooks Texas Weight Loss Program People Can Count On
Plan your weight loss program so that it includes a lot of workout and healthy consuming, tailored specifically to your needs. Remember that losing a couple of inches off your waistline might include that crucial few years to your life. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '254', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.951721727848053}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '27979', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:OYJO6PP7OCYHEQJ4TWA473LQOGE464TW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:88a9d0f2-374e-4dab-b6f9-c87d8bd7aeb2>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 23, 7, 48, 12), 'WARC-IP-Address': '174.136.12.109', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YEWKQDSWPXZJLXVKVY2O6BZYGBF4O7JP', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:aa201451-394a-4941-b90a-e9edb40f5929>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.nachomamasblog.com/weight-loss-program-hooks-tx/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:2e7b4547-c170-45de-81b3-5fb7560389c6>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '627', 'url': 'http://www.nachomamasblog.com/weight-loss-program-hooks-tx/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-137-158-248.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-43\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04217660427093506', 'original_id': 'aae1aeb680c3e08bc2fb876d3b57af0cce3674a770a5d13ecc17a7f13c08e9fe'} |
Product Description
Tips:Your child generally wears dimension S does not indicate all size S will match him/her So please measure your puppy and have a reference ahead of your buy in accordance to the size map(PS:In accordance to our clients testimonials,you can buy the larger dimension) Size:S (back length:7.87 inch, neck girth:9.05 inch, chest girth:twelve.59 inch)M (back length:9.84 inch, neck girth:ten.23 inch, chest girth:14.56 inch)L (back length:eleven.81 inch, neck girth:11.41 inch, chest girth:sixteen.53 inch)XL (back length:13.78 inch, neck girth:twelve.59 inch, chest girth:18.50 inch)XXL (back length:15.75 inch, neck girth:13.78 inch, chest girth:20.47 inch) Comfortable & fashionable: Hoodie Fleece fabric is soft naturally,without having odors. Combining with stylish energetic double stripes on arms, legs and head, the sweatshirt make your minor pet stand out in a crowd. That is, with the adorable and gentle coat, never fear about your baby\'s outfits clash with other individuals. And there are various colours and sizes for you to pick. Please measure very carefully prior to acquiring,and take each measurement a bit loosely, so there will be space for your dog to move and breathe, but not too loose. Exquisite workmanship: It is has higher top quality and sturdiness. Every single needle and line,uniform and distinct, complies with rigid manufacturing standard. In addition to, as for snap button closure layout, it is practical to put on and take off the hoodie. In the meantime, it will avoid clamping pet\'s fur or hurting him or her. Unique four legged design: The four legged jumpsuit considerately make sure to keep pets hindquarters warm as well, specially in cold autumn and winter seasons. Also, spring and autumn seasons are regular molt intervals for most pet dogs. Hence, the residence will be swarmed with pet fur, which is a true headache for all families. Nonetheless, 4 legged jumpsuit is a sensible decision!
Details
TIPS:Your baby usually wears size S doesn't mean all size S will fit him/her!!!So please measure your dog and have a reference before your purchase according to the size map below Product Description(PS:According to our customers reviews,you can order the larger size)
Hoodies Scheppend Adidog Pet Clothes for Dog Cat Puppy Hoodies Coat Winter Sweatshirt Warm Sweater,Pink SmallTips:Your child generally wears dimension S does not indicate all size S will match him/her So please measure your puppy and have a reference ahead of your buy in accordance to the size map(PS:In accordance to our clients testimonials,you can buy the larger dimension) Size:S (back length:7.87 inch, neck girth:9.05 inch, chest girth:twelve.59 inch)M (back length:9.84 inch, neck girth:ten.23 inch, chest girth:14.56 inch)L (back length:eleven.81 inch, neck girth:11.41 inch, chest girth:sixteen.53 inch)XL (back length:13.78 inch, neck girth:twelve.59 inch, chest girth:18.50 inch)XXL (back length:15.75 inch, neck girth:13.78 inch, chest girth:20.47 inch) Comfortable & fashionable: Hoodie Fleece fabric is soft naturally,without having odors. Combining with stylish energetic double stripes on arms, legs and head, the sweatshirt make your minor pet stand out in a crowd. That is, with the adorable and gentle coat, never fear about your baby\'s outfits clash with other individuals. And there are various colours and sizes for you to pick. Please measure very carefully prior to acquiring,and take each measurement a bit loosely, so there will be space for your dog to move and breathe, but not too loose. Exquisite workmanship: It is has higher top quality and sturdiness. Every single needle and line,uniform and distinct, complies with rigid manufacturing standard. In addition to, as for snap button closure layout, it is practical to put on and take off the hoodie. In the meantime, it will avoid clamping pet\'s fur or hurting him or her. Unique four legged design: The four legged jumpsuit considerately make sure to keep pets hindquarters warm as well, specially in cold autumn and winter seasons. Also, spring and autumn seasons are regular molt intervals for most pet dogs. Hence, the residence will be swarmed with pet fur, which is a true headache for all families. Nonetheless, 4 legged jumpsuit is a sensible decision!$8.91http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/410jmmw8W9L._SL160_.jpg | mini_pile | {'original_id': '9c81dc5a66c6e1297477f129d4ae04580a29920479db15d6b3b5d12e39ba9610'} |
Google Linux Distro: Desktop or Appliance?
This news article on Google Ubuntu, aka Goobuntu only talks about desktop Linux, toolbars, clients, and challenging Microsoft. No mention of a base for running Google search without an appliance or web caching or GFS-based fault-tolerant file servers or any of that other server-room stuff.
Funny how people only think about server-side stuff inside Google (“they’re building their own internet!”) and client-side stuff outside (“they want to be Microsoft!”).
I wonder what is really up. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8390319347381592}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '56369', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:GYS3XWFZPD4V7ESJME6YKJFWXIAZWWDA', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:716b8c75-24a5-493f-bf71-dd202818f69a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 20, 12, 32, 54), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.0.78.12', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:B4YLE2JXNVLSICRH6OUZI6EMAE4HA4ZA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:4025288a-c043-4a56-b963-5ea3f57b6be3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://observer.wunderwood.org/2006/02/08/google-linux-distro-desktop-or-appliance/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:8c0d867e-30ca-4c89-a5e1-523d76c9489b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '79', 'url': 'https://observer.wunderwood.org/2006/02/08/google-linux-distro-desktop-or-appliance/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-166-27-36.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.6648428440093994', 'original_id': '400d10de766c95d290c84cb10da1603f0a82441ddaa42eb7c3b90847b32f6821'} |
Scitech | One byte closer to an automated future
Automated content software and the future of journalism
Imagine the newsroom of the future – filled with computers taking in data and spitting out news articles; a world where human journalists have become obsolete. Is this mere imagination, or are journalists getting closer to being replaced by machines?
There are some moments in modern life that seem, upon reflection, more like science fiction than reality. That was the case when I found myself on the Narrative Science webpage, where I came across a blog post titled “Human Insight at Machine Scale.” This led me to a short video describing what Narrative Science was about. In it, the narrator says, “Our patented artificial intelligence engine automatically transforms structured data into written narratives indistinguishable from those written by humans.” The video explained that Quill – the recently-developed software – could turn numbers, symbols, charts, and graphs into human language (in this case, English) that would be indistinguishable from that of a human’s.
Narrative Science is not the only company working on this type of product. Automated Insights, a company that works with news agencies such as Bloomberg and USA Today, promotes a similar product that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to scan large data sets and write automated stories. “Except we [produce stories] in real-time and at a scale of millions,” they advertise on their homepage.
This type of “automated content” produced by AI or software is now being used to produce what’s called “algorithmic news” – short articles written based on a series of algorithms that puts information together in the form of a story. Some media outlets are already using these technologies. For example, the Los Angeles Times has an automated content generator capable of reporting news of an earthquake minutes after it occurs.
Christer Clerwall, a professor at Karlstad University in Sweden, conducted a study earlier this year to compare people’s assessment of news written by a journalist and a machine. The ratings given by the 46 subjects came incredibly close. Although people seemed to find most automated-content articles to be “descriptive and boring,” people had difficulty distinguishing the origin of the article (man or machine). Almost no differences were found on the various measures, but articles written by journalists were judged as slightly more coherent and pleasant to read.
Though these results may draw a bleak picture for journalists, there are still limitations to the technology. The current algorithms are unable to produce opinionated or insightful pieces. Creativity is an intrinsically human trait that allows us to think outside the box to develop new ideas. Any algorithm that can currently be implemented in a machine will follow a strict path, and cannot yet challenge the flexibility the human mind can offer.
Currently, the automated content produced by software mostly consists of short, organized reports of available datasets. These capabilities may prove very helpful when it comes to financial reports or sports statistics, which summarize the most relevant points from a data bank. However, there is a gap between an easy-to-understand report and an article or dissertation on a topic capable of giving us different perspectives, new ideas, or questions about its content.
Journalism is more than the mere act of producing simple reports of data or facts. Rather, it is a creative exercise that questions ideas, exposes unique points of view, and generates new approaches to subjects that may awaken the reader’s interest. Without creativity and comprehensive understanding, both exclusive of human beings and non-existent in machines, there can be no new venues of interpretation.
Great ideas, deep analysis, and random moments of inspiration when a new point of view arises cannot be predicted, orchestrated, or programmed. Creativity is something that automated-software will not be able to easily mimic. As technology develops, traits once thought to be uniquely human will continue to be challenged.
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\section{Positive Part of Multiple of Function}
Tags: Measure Theory
\begin{theorem}
Let $X$ be a set.
Let $f : X \to \overline \R$ be an extended real-valued function.
Let $\alpha$ be a real number.
Then:
:$\ds \paren {\alpha f}^+ = \begin{cases}\alpha f^+ & \alpha \ge 0 \\ -\alpha f^- & \alpha < 0\end{cases}$
where:
:$\paren {\alpha f}^+$ and $f^+$ are the positive parts of $\alpha f$ and $f$ respectively
:$f^-$ is the negative part of $f$.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
Let $x \in X$.
First take $\alpha \ge 0$.
Suppose that $\map f x \ge 0$.
Then $\alpha \map f x \ge 0$.
So:
:$\max \set {\alpha \map f x, 0} = \alpha \map f x$
and:
:$\max \set {\map f x, 0} = \map f x$
So by the definition of the positive part and negative part, we have:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = \alpha \map f x$
and:
:$\map {f^+} x = \map f x$
So:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = \alpha \map {f^+} x$
if $\map f x \ge 0$.
Now suppose that $\map f x < 0$.
Then $\alpha \map f x < 0$.
So:
:$\max \set {\map f x, 0} = 0$
and:
:$\max \set {\alpha \map f x, 0} = 0$
So by the definition of the positive part and negative part, we have:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = 0$
and:
:$\map {f^+} x = 0$
So:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = \alpha \map {f^+} x$
if $\map f x < 0$.
So:
:$\paren {\alpha f}^+ = \alpha f^+$
if $\alpha \ge 0$.
Now take $\alpha < 0$.
Suppose that $\map f x \ge 0$.
Then $\alpha \map f x \le 0$.
So:
:$\max \set {\alpha \map f x, 0} = 0$
and:
:$-\min \set {\map f x, 0} = 0$
So by the definition of the positive part and negative part, we have:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = 0$
and:
:$\map {f^-} x = 0$
So:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = -\alpha \map {f^-} x$
if $\map f x \ge 0$.
Now suppose that $\map f x < 0$.
Then $\alpha \map f x > 0$.
So:
:$\max \set {\alpha \map f x, 0} = \alpha \map f x$
and:
:$-\min \set {\map f x, 0} = -\map f x$
So:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = \alpha \map f x$
and:
:$\map {f^-} x = -\map f x$
So:
:$\map {\paren {\alpha f}^+} x = -\alpha \map {f^-} x$
if $\map f x < 0$.
So:
:$\paren {\alpha f}^+ = -\alpha f^-$
if $\alpha < 0$.
{{qed}}
Category:Measure Theory
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': 'eca7cfc4cb833dae4919ad3b63be4045ea793cb038709b37999103ca023eaf78'} |
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The City as Place
Emotions, Experiences, and Meanings
Edited By Rebecca Madgin and Nicolas Kenny
The purpose of this series is to examine the city as a lived place. Specifically, we are interested in the ways in which the city is invested with meaning through everyday lived experiences. The series is particularly interested in submissions that focus on the perceptual and felt dimensions of urban places through exploring the experiential, emotional, sensory, and affective dimensions that contribute to how people behave in, feel about, and move around in cities. Books in this series will interrogate the relationship between people and place through a focus on the diverse ways in which subjective and intimate feelings are fundamental constituents of the urban experience. We encourage authors to examine the city as a lived place from a range of different perspectives, and to be inclusive of individual and collective voices in the city to better understand the historical development and contemporary evolution of diverse urban settings.
Some of the questions we seek to explore through the series include, but are not restricted to:
• How is the city experienced, by whom, and how does this change over time?
• Who shapes the experience of the city and for what reasons?
• How do individual and shared joy, fear, pride, nostalgia, disgust, or other emotions, shape the meanings attributed to urban spaces?
• How does the lived experience of, and emotional connections to, urban places inform the way particular spaces within cities are preserved and memorialized, or alternatively demolished and redeveloped?
• In what ways is our understanding of the lived experience of the city sharpened through the lens of comparative, transnational, and global approaches?
The series seeks to examine the real and the imaginary, the representational and the non-representational, the historical and the contemporary, the remembered and the recreated in all historical periods including research on the twenty-first century city. The series is open to work covering all geographic areas, and we encourage authors, where possible and relevant, to situate their studies in comparative, transnational, or global perspectives. Books may be published in English or in French.
Series editors: Dr Rebecca Madgin, Urban Studies, University of Glasgow and Dr Nicolas Kenny, History, Simon Fraser University.
Books in this series | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9448179602622986}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '57883', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:SFOH63PLZAEAJEWGRXRH4TJ24QEL4W3B', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:01a59489-1863-4680-95d4-4a22607bcd9d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 19, 28, 11), 'WARC-IP-Address': '52.31.25.12', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RBQMB2C2HXWVPP3TJWW4R3KMVTDACE2J', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:12e13f80-538b-41a1-91ef-b71c9dee608d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.peterlang.com/abstract/serial/CAP?rskey=tJYA4H&result=8', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7de7497e-ff48-428e-b617-f13cf7a4ff97>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '375', 'url': 'https://www.peterlang.com/abstract/serial/CAP?rskey=tJYA4H&result=8', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-192-21.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.032051801681518555', 'original_id': '0ff347ab42e20c7b1bdf0aa5b8f3148449ad48163cea883c61545fdea66885ee'} |
Source Pravda.Ru
US economy shows signs of stagnation
Reports about the state of affairs in the US economy have been demonstrating astounding negative trends. "So we blame the weather, which in parts of the US was truly atrocious, while in other parts, particularly in California, it was gorgeous. Too gorgeous," Wolf Richter wrote.
Drought has hit the United States for the fourth consecutive year. However, drought is not something that stops people from buying goods. It does not stop companies from buying equipment either, Pravda.Ru says.
Demand on durable goods fell by 1.4%, which marked the third decline in four months according to the Census Bureau. "Transportation equipment fell 3.5%, also the third decrease in four months. Excluding transportation, new orders - "core" durable goods - fell 0.4%, down for the fifth month in a row," said.
Business spending indicator, the main criterion of the economy, fell by 1.4%, for the sixth consecutive time. Weather has nothing to do with it. According to experts, it goes about the strong dollar and weak demand in the US and around the world.
In its latest report, the Fed mentioned drilling works in the oil industry and the decline in "real equipment investment and real inventory investment" as the main causes for the economic setback.
Not that long ago, Wall Street promised that the US economy would achieve the highest results in the near future before going to the next level. The promise has turned into yet another false step, the purpose of which was to rationalize stock prices. Instead of the economic growth, bankers have created a "bond bubble" that has been getting more extreme in the stock markets, said.
Read article on the Russian page of Pravda.Ru
Also read:
Global economy can survive perfectly without USA?
China makes US economy its hostage
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Лора Мэддокс
Лора Мэддокс это частный случай понятия человек
Лора Мэддокс пол или гендер женский пол
Лора Мэддокс личное имя Лора / Лаура
Лора Мэддокс вид спорта лёгкая атлетика
Лора Мэддокс дата рождения 1990
Лора Мэддокс гражданство Великобритания
Лора Мэддокс род занятий бегун на короткие дистанции
Лора Мэддокс род занятий легкоатлет
Лора Мэддокс участвовал(а) в Чемпионат Европы по лёгкой атлетике в помещении 2015
Лора Мэддокс место рождения Бат
Лора Мэддокс код World Athletics 292583, причина нерекомендуемости перенаправление
Лора Мэддокс код World Athletics 14359885, назван как Laura MADDOX
Лора Мэддокс фамилия Мэддокс
Лора Мэддокс код в Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Лора Мэддокс языки, на которых говорит или пишет персона английский язык
Лора Мэддокс спортивная дисциплина бег на 400 метров
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox nature de l’élément être humain
Laura Maddox sexe ou genre féminin
Laura Maddox prénom Laura
Laura Maddox sport athlétisme
Laura Maddox date de naissance 1990
Laura Maddox pays de nationalité Royaume-Uni
Laura Maddox occupation sprinteur
Laura Maddox occupation athlète
Laura Maddox participant à championnats d'Europe d'athlétisme en salle 2015
Laura Maddox lieu de naissance Bath
Laura Maddox identifiant World Athletics 292583, cause de la dépréciation redirection d'identifiant
Laura Maddox identifiant World Athletics 14359885, sous le nom Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox nom de famille Maddox
Laura Maddox identifiant du Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox langues parlées, écrites ou signées anglais
Laura Maddox discipline sportive pratiquée en compétition 400 mètres
Laura Maddox
British sprinter
Laura Maddox instance of human
Laura Maddox sex or gender female
Laura Maddox given name Laura
Laura Maddox sport athletics
Laura Maddox date of birth 1990
Laura Maddox country of citizenship United Kingdom
Laura Maddox occupation sprinter
Laura Maddox occupation athletics competitor
Laura Maddox participant in 2015 European Athletics Indoor Championships
Laura Maddox place of birth Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics athlete ID 292583, reason for deprecated rank redirect
Laura Maddox World Athletics athlete ID 14359885, subject named as Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox family name Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Knowledge Graph ID /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox languages spoken, written or signed English
Laura Maddox sports discipline competed in 400 metres
Laura Maddox
britische Sprinterin
Laura Maddox ist ein(e) Mensch
Laura Maddox Geschlecht weiblich
Laura Maddox Vorname Laura
Laura Maddox Sportart Leichtathletik
Laura Maddox Geburtsdatum 1990
Laura Maddox Land der Staatsangehörigkeit Vereinigtes Königreich
Laura Maddox Tätigkeit Sprinter
Laura Maddox Tätigkeit Leichtathlet
Laura Maddox Teilnehmer an Leichtathletik-Halleneuropameisterschaften 2015
Laura Maddox Geburtsort Bath
Laura Maddox World-Athletics-Kennung 292583, Grund für die Zurückweisung Weiterleitung
Laura Maddox World-Athletics-Kennung 14359885, genannt als Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox Familienname Maddox
Laura Maddox Google-Knowledge-Graph-Kennung /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox gesprochene oder publizierte Sprachen Englisch
Laura Maddox Sportdisziplin 400-Meter-Lauf
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox forekomst av menneske
Laura Maddox kjønn kvinne
Laura Maddox fornavn Laura
Laura Maddox idrettsgren friidrett
Laura Maddox fødselsdato 1990
Laura Maddox statsborgerskap Storbritannia
Laura Maddox beskjeftigelse sprinter
Laura Maddox beskjeftigelse friidrettsutøver
Laura Maddox deltatt i EM i friidrett innendørs 2015
Laura Maddox fødested Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics utøver-ID 292583, grunn for avskriving omdirigering
Laura Maddox World Athletics utøver-ID 14359885, oppført som Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox etternavn Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Knowledge Graph-ID /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox talte eller skrevne språk engelsk
Laura Maddox konkurrert i 400 meter
Laura Maddox
Brits sprintster
Laura Maddox is een mens
Laura Maddox sekse of geslacht vrouwelijk
Laura Maddox voornaam Laura
Laura Maddox sport atletiek
Laura Maddox geboortedatum 1990
Laura Maddox land van nationaliteit Verenigd Koninkrijk
Laura Maddox beroep sprinter
Laura Maddox beroep atleet
Laura Maddox deelgenomen aan Europese kampioenschappen indoor atletiek 2015
Laura Maddox geboorteplaats Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics-identificatiecode 292583, reden voor afkeuring doorverwezen identificatiecode
Laura Maddox World Athletics-identificatiecode 14359885, genoemd als Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox familienaam Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Knowledge Graph-identificatiecode /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox taalbeheersing Engels
Laura Maddox sportdiscipline 400 meter
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox osztály, amelynek példánya ember
Laura Maddox nem nő
Laura Maddox utónév Laura
Laura Maddox sportág atlétika
Laura Maddox születési idő 1990
Laura Maddox állampolgárság Egyesült Királyság
Laura Maddox foglalkozás rövidtávfutó
Laura Maddox foglalkozás atléta
Laura Maddox esemény, amelyen részt vesz/vett 2015-ös fedett pályás atlétikai Európa-bajnokság
Laura Maddox születési hely Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics-azonosító 292583, elavulttá minősítés oka átirányítás
Laura Maddox World Athletics-azonosító 14359885, feltüntetett név Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox családnév Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Tudásgráf-azonosító /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox beszélt nyelvek angol
Laura Maddox versenyszám 400 méteres
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox primerek od človek
Laura Maddox spol ženska
Laura Maddox ime Laura
Laura Maddox šport atletika
Laura Maddox datum rojstva 1990
Laura Maddox država državljanstva Združeno kraljestvo
Laura Maddox poklic sprinter
Laura Maddox poklic atlet
Laura Maddox udeleženec na/v Evropsko dvoransko prvenstvo v atletiki 2015
Laura Maddox kraj rojstva Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics ID 292583, razlog za opustitev preusmeritev
Laura Maddox World Athletics ID 14359885, poimenovano kot Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox priimek Maddox
Laura Maddox oznaka Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox govorjeni, pisani ali kretani jeziki angleščina
Laura Maddox športna disciplina tek na 400 metrov
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instancia de ser humano
Laura Maddox sexo o género femenino
Laura Maddox nombre de pila Laura
Laura Maddox deporte atletismo
Laura Maddox fecha de nacimiento 1990
Laura Maddox país de nacionalidad Reino Unido
Laura Maddox ocupación velocista
Laura Maddox ocupación atleta
Laura Maddox participó en Campeonato Europeo de Atletismo en Pista Cubierta de 2015
Laura Maddox lugar de nacimiento Bath
Laura Maddox Identificador World Athletics 292583, motivo de discontinuación redirección
Laura Maddox Identificador World Athletics 14359885, registrado como Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox apellido Maddox
Laura Maddox identificador Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox lenguas habladas, escritas o signadas inglés
Laura Maddox disciplina deportiva 400 metros
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instancia de humanu
Laura Maddox sexu femenín
Laura Maddox nome Laura
Laura Maddox deporte atletismu
Laura Maddox fecha de nacimientu 1990
Laura Maddox país de nacionalidá Reinu Xuníu
Laura Maddox ocupación velocista
Laura Maddox ocupación atleta
Laura Maddox llugar de nacimientu Bath
Laura Maddox apellíu Maddox
Laura Maddox llingües falaes inglés
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instància de ésser humà
Laura Maddox sexe o gènere femení
Laura Maddox prenom Laura
Laura Maddox esport atletisme
Laura Maddox data de naixement 1990
Laura Maddox ciutadania Regne Unit
Laura Maddox ocupació velocista
Laura Maddox ocupació atleta
Laura Maddox lloc de naixement Bath
Laura Maddox identificador World Athletics 292583, causa de la descontinuació redirecció
Laura Maddox identificador World Athletics 14359885, anomenat com a Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox cognom Maddox
Laura Maddox identificador Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox llengua parlada, escrita o signada anglès
Laura Maddox disciplina esportiva 400 metres llisos
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instancë e njeri
Laura Maddox gjinia femër
Laura Maddox emri Laura
Laura Maddox sport Atletika
Laura Maddox data e lindjes 1990
Laura Maddox shtetësia Britania e Madhe
Laura Maddox profesioni atlet
Laura Maddox mbiemri Maddox
Laura Maddox gjuhë që flet, shkruan ose këndon anglisht
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox istanza di umano
Laura Maddox sesso o genere femmina
Laura Maddox prenome Laura
Laura Maddox sport atletica leggera
Laura Maddox data di nascita 1990
Laura Maddox paese di cittadinanza Regno Unito
Laura Maddox occupazione velocista
Laura Maddox occupazione atleta
Laura Maddox partecipante a Campionati europei di atletica leggera indoor 2015
Laura Maddox luogo di nascita Bath
Laura Maddox identificativo World Athletics di un atleta 292583, motivo di classificazione sconsigliata reindirizzamento
Laura Maddox identificativo World Athletics di un atleta 14359885, soggetto indicato come Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox cognome Maddox
Laura Maddox identificativo Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox lingue parlate o scritte inglese
Laura Maddox disciplina sportiva 400 metri piani
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox esiintymä kohteesta ihminen
Laura Maddox sukupuoli nainen
Laura Maddox etunimi Laura
Laura Maddox urheilulaji yleisurheilu
Laura Maddox syntymäaika 1990
Laura Maddox kansalaisuus Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta
Laura Maddox ammatti pikajuoksija
Laura Maddox ammatti yleisurheilija
Laura Maddox osallistunut Yleisurheilun sisäratojen Euroopan-mestaruuskilpailut 2015
Laura Maddox syntymäpaikka Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics -urheilijatunniste 292583, syy tiedon perättömyydelle edelleenohjaus
Laura Maddox World Athletics -urheilijatunniste 14359885, nimellä Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox sukunimi Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Knowledge Graph -tunniste /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox puhuu kieliä englanti
Laura Maddox urheilulaji, jossa kilpailee 400 metrin juoksu
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox tilfælde af menneske
Laura Maddox køn kvinde
Laura Maddox fornavn Laura
Laura Maddox sport atletik
Laura Maddox fødselsdato 1990
Laura Maddox statsborgerskab Storbritannien
Laura Maddox beskæftigelse sprinter
Laura Maddox beskæftigelse atletikudøver
Laura Maddox deltog i EM indendørs i atletik 2015
Laura Maddox fødested Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics-ID 292583, årsag til forældet rang omdirigering
Laura Maddox World Athletics-ID 14359885, subjekt anført som Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox efternavn Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox talte sprog engelsk
Laura Maddox sportsdisciplin 400-meter-løb
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instância de ser humano
Laura Maddox sexo ou género feminino
Laura Maddox primeiro nome Laura
Laura Maddox desporto atletismo
Laura Maddox data de nascimento 1990
Laura Maddox país de nacionalidade Reino Unido
Laura Maddox ocupação velocista
Laura Maddox ocupação atleta
Laura Maddox participou em Campeonato Europeu de Atletismo em Pista Coberta de 2015
Laura Maddox local de nascimento Bath
Laura Maddox identificador World Athletics 292583, razão para obsolescência redirecionamento
Laura Maddox identificador World Athletics 14359885, nomeado como Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox apelido Maddox
Laura Maddox identificador do painel de informações do Google /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox línguas faladas, escritas ou assinadas Inglês
Laura Maddox compete na disciplina desportiva 400 metros rasos
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instans av människa
Laura Maddox kön kvinna
Laura Maddox förnamn Laura
Laura Maddox idrott friidrott
Laura Maddox födelsedatum 1990
Laura Maddox medborgare i Storbritannien
Laura Maddox sysselsättning sprinter
Laura Maddox sysselsättning friidrottare
Laura Maddox deltog i Europeiska inomhusmästerskapen i friidrott 2015
Laura Maddox födelseplats Bath
Laura Maddox World Athletics ID 292583, skäl för lägre rang omdirigering
Laura Maddox World Athletics ID 14359885, omnämnd som Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox efternamn Maddox
Laura Maddox Google Knowledge Graph-ID /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox talade, skrivna eller tecknade språk engelska
Laura Maddox tävlat i löpning 400 meter
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox jest to człowiek
Laura Maddox płeć kobieta
Laura Maddox imię Laura
Laura Maddox sport lekkoatletyka
Laura Maddox data urodzenia 1990
Laura Maddox obywatelstwo Wielka Brytania
Laura Maddox zajęcie sprinter
Laura Maddox zajęcie lekkoatleta
Laura Maddox brał udział w Halowe Mistrzostwa Europy w Lekkoatletyce 2015
Laura Maddox miejsce urodzenia Bath
Laura Maddox identyfikator World Athletics 292583, powód deprecjacji przekierowanie
Laura Maddox identyfikator World Athletics 14359885, pod nazwą Laura MADDOX
Laura Maddox nazwisko Maddox
Laura Maddox identyfikator Google Knowledge Graph /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox porozumiewa się w języku język angielski
Laura Maddox uprawiana dyscyplina sportu Bieg na 400 metrów
Laura Maddox
Laura Maddox instância de ser humano
Laura Maddox sexo ou gênero feminino
Laura Maddox primeiro nome Laura
Laura Maddox esporte atletismo
Laura Maddox data de nascimento 1990
Laura Maddox país de cidadania Reino Unido
Laura Maddox ocupação atleta
Laura Maddox sobrenome Maddox
Laura Maddox identificador do painel de informações do Google /g/11b7c3wgl8
Laura Maddox línguas faladas ou escritas Inglês | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541295', 'collection': 'Wikidata', 'open_type': 'Semantic data', 'license': 'CC0', 'date': '', 'title': 'Laura Maddox', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'Multilingual', 'language_type': 'Semantic data', 'word_count': '1772', 'token_count': '4339', '__index_level_0__': '8741', 'original_id': '1227893d786ce67ad0099c8b4780b6dfbe06536b4fc946a3d6cca133dd54c52e'} |
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