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穆阿迈尔·穆罕默德·阿布·明亚尔·卡扎菲（，；），遜尼派穆斯林，利比亞革命警衛隊上校，利比亞绿色革命的精神領袖，前任利比亞實際最高領導者、非洲联盟主席。長達42年统治利比亞，是阿拉伯國家執政時間最久的國家領導人。2011年2月初，受到埃及和突尼斯革命的影響，利比亞出現反對卡扎菲统治的示威遊行，並很快轉化為内戰。6月27日，国际刑事法院以涉嫌反人类罪为據，簽發卡扎菲的逮捕令。8月20日，反對派發動進擊首都的的黎波里之戰，攻入後，在全城搜捕卡扎菲。2011年10月20日，多國傳媒報導卡扎菲已經被俘虜，並謂因雙腿傷重而亡。利比亚“全国过渡委员会”执行委员会主席馬哈茂德·吉卜里勒在記者會上证实，卡扎菲当天在苏尔特的一个废弃下水道中被捕，但随后在执政当局軍隊与卡扎菲支持者的交戰中，头部和腹部遭到致命连环枪击身亡。早年家庭背景卡扎菲出生於意屬利比亞的黎波里塔尼亞（今蘇爾特省）苏尔特南部費贊沙漠地區贝都因人格達費部落（因此也是格達費的姓氏）的一個羊皮帳篷里，該部落總人口僅有五萬到六萬人，在利比亞算是較小的部族。部族的起源，是阿拉伯帝國時代的蘇丹在動兵入侵北非後，軍隊中的葉門傭兵與當地柏柏爾人的混血後代。格達費的祖父在1911年意大利王國入侵鄂圖曼利比亞時被當時的意大利軍人殺害，而他的父親是普通的牧羊人，為當地財主放牧以維持生計，曾在義屬利比亞時期加入反抗意大利殖民利比亞的游擊隊，他亦見證了二戰北非戰場英軍和意軍在利比亞殖民地上的交戰、以及二戰結束後盟軍新成立的利比亞聯合王國。卡扎菲是其家中最小的孩子，也是唯一的男孩，他有三個姐姐，一家過著遊牧民族的質樸生活。学生时代小學之前隨父母在沙漠生活，並於鄰近小鎮就讀，每天以花單程一個半小時走路往返上學。由于上学时年龄比其他同学大，家境贫困，因此他常被同学嘲笑为“乡巴佬”。中學時，父親為他人牧羊而搬家，因付不出住宿費，被迫平日到清真寺要饭、打地舖睡觉。每個星期四放學後走三個半小時回沙漠與家人團聚（伊斯蘭教國家逢星期五為例假日），週六一早再步行三個半小時的路程回學校。革命启蒙格達費在中學時便崇拜埃及總統賈邁勒·阿卜杜-納賽爾，經常收聽納賽爾在阿拉伯之聲的演講廣播。在學校時，卡扎菲已顯露了一定的「領袖氣質」，善於表達，具有感召力。在學校中，卡扎菲設立了以「第一小組」為核心的組織，該組織採取了嚴格的層級制：小組成員可建立次級組織，吸納新成員，但均需得到卡扎菲的審核並認可，其中各級間的成員彼此互不認識。之後，卡扎菲被學校以參加政治活動為由而開除，他的父親通過各種人際關係，才将他轉到米蘇拉塔（利比亞西北部城市）的一所高中完成学業。格達費於米蘇拉塔也建立類似的組織，曾在1956年領導過支持納賽爾與反對以色列的示威遊行，就讀班加西的軍校期間，時常與班加西大學內的泛阿拉伯民族主義份子來往。中小學時期的艱辛求學環境對格達費影響甚大。1961年，卡扎菲進入班加西利比亞大學主修歷史，就讀一年後轉學至同位於班加西的軍校。軍校畢業一年後，赴英國桑赫斯特皇家軍事學院接受裝甲兵與通訊相關訓練半年。回國後，國王伊德里斯一世年老昏庸，政局腐壞，軍政界皆有多人想奪取政權，格達費也成立了以中下級軍官為核心的「自由軍官」組織，積極謀劃革命。统治政变上台 1969年8月31日，當時為中尉的卡扎菲和同志賈爾魯德（Jalloud）上尉等人從班加西出發，利用獲准的夜間訓練為掩護，將三營裝甲部隊於傍晚進軍的黎波里，突擊禁衛軍，軟禁國王衛隊司令。接著攻下廣播台和電視台，禁衛軍無法向外求援。隔天早上六點半，對外宣布革命成功，推翻伊德里斯王朝在利比亞實現阿拉伯民族主義對伊斯蘭主義的超越。 9月5日，王儲宣布放棄王位，利比亞王國被推翻，卡扎菲成為利比亞的最高領導人。执政生涯在1969年至1979年間，卡扎菲擔任革命委員會主席兼任武裝部隊總司令。卡扎菲上台後推行親蘇政策，收回美國的惠勒斯空軍基地（Wheelus Air Base），1972年廢除了前政權同美國簽訂的多項協議。1979年至2011年，擔任革命領導人兼任武裝部隊最高統帥。1970年至1972年，任職利比亞總理兼任國防部長。1977年至1979年，任總人民大會總秘書處秘書長（國家元首）。 1982年至1983年，任非洲統一組織主席（現稱非洲聯盟）。卡扎菲曾致力于获得核武器并曾向中國國務院總理周恩来询问能否购买但被拒绝。Nazi, Nazir Naji (2010). "Colonel Gaddafi's Libya and his Nuclear ambitions". Nazir Nazi and Jang Group of Media. 由於卡扎菲本人篤信伊斯蘭教而且他認為利比亞作為一個伊斯蘭國家，國旗要有代表伊斯蘭教的綠色，於是他親自設計了一面只有綠色的利比亞國旗，此面國旗成為全世界最簡單的國旗，利比亞一直用此國旗直至2011年其政權被推翻為止。与女性社会地位和人权纪录方面表现较为恶劣的沙特阿拉伯等波斯灣阿拉伯国家相比，卡扎菲领导下的利比亚拥有相對整个阿拉伯世界最好的女性境遇与世俗主義政策，女性在利比亞無需被強制配戴頭巾及穿罩袍。经济社会改革因为原油是利比亚的主要出口物资，卡扎菲力图改进利比亚的石油板块。1969年10月，他声称现有的贸易条款不公，偏惠外国公司而不是利比亚，并威胁减产，12月贾尔鲁德（Jalloud）成功地提高了利比亚石油价格。1970年其他OPEC国家跟进，导致全球原油价格上涨。对外交往卡扎菲认为流亡国外的利比亚人都是叛徒，对其中数人直接下达处决命令。根据他的指示，伦敦一些报刊亭因出售批评卡扎菲的报纸而被投掷炸弹。1980年，卡扎菲的许多政敌在英国被谋杀。1984年4月17日，经卡扎菲亲自下令，利比亚驻伦敦使馆公然用机枪向和平示威的群众扫射并当众枪杀年仅25岁的英国女警伊冯·弗莱切尔，导致使馆被围11天，两国断交15年，首相-{zh-hans:撒切尔夫人; zh-hk:戴卓爾夫人; zh-tw:柴契爾夫人;}-同意美国使用英国基地空袭利比亚。卡扎菲曾因被指公開支持恐怖主義而被時任美國總統雷根批評為「瘋狗」（Mad Dog），在美國總統小布什任內則被列為「流氓政權」的領導人之一。卡扎菲在伊拉克戰爭後的態度有明顯改變，他決定使利比亞放棄發展核武器，並決定對利比亞恐怖攻擊的洛克比空難遇難者家屬賠償。政策上轉偏向西方，並於2006年5月與美國恢復邦交。 2009年9月23日，卡扎菲在聯合國大會上發表長達94分鐘的演講《革命事業的領袖弟兄》（Brother Leader of the Revolution）時，漫長的演講造成其私人同步口譯員在中途心情崩潰，放棄翻譯。 2011年3月17日，俄罗斯在联合国安理会关于制裁利比亚卡扎菲政权的联合国安理会1973号决议投票中，与中国一致投了棄權票，不反對美国提出的加大对卡扎菲政权制裁力度的要求。6月9日，中国外交部发言人承认利比亚反对派代表已到达北京与中国政府会谈。而当利比亚全国过渡委员会刚刚夺下首都的黎波里，卡扎菲还在坚持抵抗时，俄罗斯在9月1日正式承认得到西方及阿拉伯各国支持的过渡委成为利比亚唯一的合法政权。9月12日，中华人民共和国外交部向利比亚全国过渡委员会通报了对其承认的决定。当中国和俄罗斯在卡扎菲还在继续抵抗时便相继承认利比亚全国过渡委员会为利比亚唯一合法政府之后，利比亚全国过渡委员会控制的石油公司的发言人通过电话向道琼斯通讯社表示：“那些曾经长期支持卡扎菲政权、对利比亚全国过渡委员会采取敌对立场的国家，今后在利比亚将难以获得新的石油勘探特许权，这些国家包括印度、中国和俄罗斯。” 下台政權危機利比亞自2011年2月15日起爆發反政府示威，格達費指派哈米斯旅鎮壓，但卻無法壓制。首都的黎波里部分區域已落入反對派手中，西方各國紛紛宣布制裁，凍結其家族資產。格達費2月24日警告示威者停止抗議，否則將「燒毀整個利比亞」。剛辭職的司法部長賈里爾於2月24日聲稱，格達費擁有生化武器，且隨時都有動用的可能。格達費指責基地組織是利比亞危機的幕後策劃者，目的是想在利比亞建立伊斯蘭王國。2月26日，聯合國安理會15個理事國以15比0的票數一致通過決議，對格達費、其七子一女及親信等共16人實施制裁。制裁措施包括凍結資產和禁止出境，並把利比亞當局涉嫌侵犯人權的問题提交至海牙國際法庭處理。格達費在反政府示威發生後，面對國內外的壓力，已多次公開表示自己不是總統或國王。自稱「革命領導人」的他沒有任何正式職務，也沒有國會可以解散，只有「人民大會」，所以他「沒有辦法」下台。直至8月18日，據俄新網援引Albawaba新聞門戶網站的報導，利比亞軍方消息人士的透露，該國領導人格達費可能得「重病」，很快將離開祖國，將權力移交給司法部長穆罕默德·高穆迪（Muhammad Alqamoda）。格達費願意在所有參與北約領導的「聯合保護者」行動部隊立即撤出利比亞的條件下離境。遇襲身死 2011年10月20日，媒體報導指出全國過渡委員會官方向半島電視台公布，格達費已於當天早晨在其故鄉蘇爾特附近被利比亞革命軍俘獲。據報導，格達費和幾個侍衛在城西某道路下的水管中被NTC的軍隊發現，他在被北約的空襲鎖定後即試圖逃離城市，於是藏匿於該處。NTC高階官員阿卜杜勒·梅吉德（Abdel Majid）說，當時格達費的雙腿都受到了重傷，頭部亦中槍。一位NTC的發言人向天空新聞台指出，格達費的遺體正被空運送往米蘇拉塔。數名NTC的人物已證實了格達費的死亡，死因乃是其被俘獲時身體所受的槍傷。《衛報》在其網站上發布了一張由法新社提供、格達費被捕後上半身滿布血跡的手機照片。隨著格達費的死亡，長達50年的利比亞格達費時代和他建立起的世俗獨裁政權也隨之終結。家庭長子穆罕默德·卡扎菲（1970年－）是唯一由第一任妻子所生的卡扎菲子女，其餘七個子女都是第二任妻子所生。他掌控利比亞電信和郵電等行業，任職利比亞郵電總公司主席及利比亞奥林匹克委員會，還在利比亞的一家飲料公司中擁有40%的股份。次子赛義夫·伊斯兰·卡扎菲（1972年－）是卡扎菲和第二任妻子所生，能說流利的英語、德語和法語，曾在倫敦政治經濟學院取得博士學位。推動了利比亞經濟改革，並在利比亞棄核進程與洛克比空難賠償上發揮了關鍵作用，是一個能影響其父決策的人。名義上只是卡扎菲慈善基金會主席，但實際上是利比亞僅次於其父的第二號人物。他透過自己“One-Nine Group”的一家附屬公司涉及利比亞的石油業。原被視為下個接班人的他，最終在利比亞南部的奧巴里被捕。三子薩阿迪·卡扎菲（1973年－）是利比亞的運動選手，曾是國家足球隊隊員，參與過意大利甲組足球聯賽。主管體育和對外交流工作，任利比亞足球協會主席和阿勒利足球俱樂部的名譽主席，也是利比亞主權基金對外投資公司的老闆。曾加入了家族内涉及可口可樂特許經銷權利益的鬥爭。他擁有單獨的部隊控制西部多個城市。四子漢尼拔·穆阿邁爾·卡扎菲（1975年－）曾因在瑞士訪問期間毆打隨從而被瑞士警方逮捕，此事導致利比亞與瑞士之間的外交衝突。在2008年表示想要有自己的軍隊，曾獲得280億美元的支持。女兒艾莎·卡扎菲（1976年－）在利比亞的大學獲得法學博士學位，當過法學教授和律師，主要幫其父管理酒店業，也與能源及建設領域較密切。於2006年嫁給跟其父有血缘關係之同一部族出身的特種部隊軍官。性格與卡扎菲相似，因長相美丽和身材惹火，被稱為「利比亞第一公主」。五子奥-穆·坦塞姆·比拉·卡扎菲（1977年－2011年10月20日）擔任利比亞國家安全顧問，是卡扎菲子女中唯一公開擁有政府官職的人。维基解密曾披露他曾在2008年向國家石油公司主席敲詐12億美元以成立自己的私人軍隊。在利比亞內戰中與其父一同被殺。六子賽義夫·阿拉伯·卡扎菲（1982年－2011年4月30日）常年居住在德國慕尼黑，外界對他了解不多。2011年4月30日，利比亞政府發言人易卜拉欣說，賽義夫在當地時間4月30日北约空襲中死亡，同時死亡的還有卡扎菲的三個孫子。七子哈米斯·卡扎菲（1983年－2011年8月29日）是位武官，曾在俄羅斯受過培訓，統率其父最信任的嫡系特種兵部隊哈米斯旅。在利比亞局勢動蕩之前，哈米斯一直在讀書。在利比亞爆發內戰以來，卡扎菲「最神秘的兒子」哈米斯一直在指揮作戰，被認為是最具「軍事實力」的一個。2011年8月4日，反对派称北約飛機于对茲利坦的空襲中炸死了哈米斯。8月9日，利比亞政府播放錄像證明哈米斯仍然在世。經證實，他已於2011年8月29日在泰爾胡奈戰死。个人生活卡扎菲外出有由處女組成的保鏢「亞馬遜護衛隊」護駕，出訪要睡在部族的帳篷內，並隨時有烏克蘭的女護士隨侍在側。喜愛騎乘駱駝而不習慣乘坐高級轎車，平時愛喝駱駝奶和食用烤肉。他喜愛足球運動，是意大利老牌球隊尤文图斯队的股東。軼聞在台灣，盛傳格達費曾參加過中華民國國防部創辦的遠朋班，同班同学还有伊拉克萨达姆·侯赛因，巴拿马诺列加，日后回自国都当上总统，让台湾能买到廉价石油，安全度过世界石油危机。但中華民國國防部於2011年2月以新聞稿否認此傳言。 1969年9月1日，擔任通信兵營指揮官的格達費秘密成立的「自由軍官組織」發動武裝政變。據傳在他的威脅下，當時中華民國政府派駐利比亞的兩位通訊專家俞湘鍍少校和葉秉中上尉被迫配合關閉全軍通訊系統。 1970年，卡扎菲派他的副手总理贾卢德突访中华人民共和国，并且欲以利比亚与中华民国（台湾）断交换取中华人民共和国提供核武器，遭到中华人民共和国领导人反对，当时的中共中央主席毛泽东甚至斥责卡扎菲“这么讨厌的卡扎菲，太狂妄了”，并拒绝会见贾卢德。尽管如此，卡扎菲仍多次声称自己崇拜毛泽东，并说过自己是毛泽东的“好学生”。 1982年9月，卡扎菲访问中华人民共和国，同中国共产党领导人邓小平见面并且会谈，事后邓小平评价他说：“这个卡扎菲跟侯赛因国王（約旦國王）截然不同，趾高气扬。”邓小平較喜歡侯赛因，討厭卡扎菲。 2002年4月13日，时任中共中央总书记、中华人民共和国主席江泽民访问利比亚时称赞卡扎菲是“亲密的朋友”。 2006年1月18日，格達費的次子賽義夫首次來臺灣並與時任中華民國總統陳水扁見面。5月10日，陳水扁訪問利比亞時與格達費會面，並受到了後者的款待，此事引起北京方面的嚴重抗議。 2011年8月29日，卡扎菲曾经的五名贴身女保镖向班加西的一名心理学家投诉称，她们都曾遭受卡扎菲和他儿子的强奸，之后又被政府军的其他官员侮辱。 2013年1月，法国军火商塔基耶廷（Ziad Takieddine）指称，2006年12月至2007年1月期间，卡扎菲曾向法国前总统萨科齐提供4000万英镑现金用于2007年法国总统选举，这笔巨额献金通过巴拿马和瑞士账户洗白。大眾文化《笑彈龍虎榜》：1988年電影，由羅伯特·盧珍（Robert LuJane）飾演。《私人戰爭》：2018年電影，由拉阿德·拉维（Raad Rawi）飾演。参见自由軍官哈米斯旅洛克比空難利比亚内战 (2011年) 2011年多国武装干涉利比亚参考文献外部链接卡扎菲及其家族简介卡扎菲家族资产被指无法估计卡扎菲“雷人”语录汪华斌: 卡扎菲最后悔的就是没来中国学习中国数字时代穆阿邁爾·格達費利比亞國家元首泛阿拉伯主義冷戰時期領袖靠政變上台的領導人被處決的總統遇刺身亡的國家元首軍人出身的總統利比亞軍事人物非洲紙幣上的人物土葬者利比亞遜尼派穆斯林柏柏爾人国际刑事法院通缉犯被指控危害人类罪人物 20世纪政治人物非洲革命家被指控危害人类罪人物阿拉伯民族主义者極權主義領導人波兰共和国功绩勋章获得者国旗勋章获得者白狮勋章获得者何塞·马蒂勋章获得者友谊勋章获得者 (俄罗斯联邦) 友谊勋章获得者 (越南) 政治屠杀参与者
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Hill County, Texas. This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Hill County, Texas. There are one district and 22 individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. Eight individually listed properties are Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks including one that is also a State Antiquities Landmark. The district contains several more Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks. Current listings The publicly disclosed locations of National Register properties and districts may be seen in a mapping service provided. \|} See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Hill County References External links Registered Historic Places Hill County Buildings and structures in Hill County, Texas
脑癌遗传几率有多大？现如今的生活当中，有不少人都受到了脑瘤这个疾病的侵害，脑瘤疾病的发生给患者的健康带来了极其严重的危害性，为此平时的日常生活当中，面对脑瘤这一疾病的发生，大家一定要引起高度重视，及时的去配合医生的检查和治疗，以免发生严重后果。那么脑癌遗传几率有多大？下面给大家介绍一下。脑瘤这个疾病的遗传几率是非常小的，一般情况下来说，脑瘤这个疾病是不会遗传的，会遗传的只是一种对癌症的易感性，脑瘤在国际板的治疗是会根据病情的大小和部分，来选择手术，放疗和化疗以及中医保守治疗的方法，中西医在治疗脑瘤疾病上面各有所长，所以治疗脑瘤这个疾病的时候，最好是发挥中西医各自的优势，坚持治疗并且做好心理治疗，这样才能够得到很好的治疗效果。引起脑瘤疾病的原因还是比较多的，辐射影响，现如今的生活当中可以说各种各样的电器是非常多的，只要是电器就会有一定的辐射，有不少的女性在怀孕期间总是玩手机或者是电脑，这些辐射对胎儿造成了一定的影响，所以很容易让孩子在出生之后患上了脑瘤疾病。泛滥使用药物也是会造成脑瘤疾病发生的，对新生儿用了不该用的药物，或者是大量使用了抗生素等，都可能给孩子造成了严重危害。脑瘤疾病的早期症状表现就是呕吐，头痛，对于比较小的儿童来说，则是会表现为焦躁不安或者是用手去捶打头部等，这个时候家长朋友们一定要及时带孩子去进行检查。综上所述就是给大家介绍脑癌遗传几率有多大的内容。脑瘤这个疾病的遗传几率是非常小的，患者不要过分担心，要高度重视起来，积极的去做好相关的预防工作，以免受到这个疾病的伤害，如果一旦有不适症状发生，应该及时看医生。
Sălard () is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Hodoș (Jákóhodos), Sălard, and Sântimreu (Hegyközszentimre). The commune is located in the northwestern part of the county, on the banks of the river Barcău. The river Sânnicolau discharges into the Barcău near Sântimreu. Sălard is crossed by national road , which runs from Biharia, to the southwest, to Chiribiș, to the northeast. The county capital, Oradea, is 27 km to the south. References Communes in Bihor County Localities in Crișana
The list of shipwrecks in July 1917 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during July 1917. 1 July For the loss of the Norwegian barque Asalia on this date, see the entry for 30 June 1917 2 July 3 July 4 July 5 July 6 July 7 July 8 July 9 July 10 July 11 July 12 July 13 July 14 July 15 July 16 July 17 July 18 July 19 July 20 July 21 July 22 July 23 July 24 July 25 July 26 July 27 July 28 July 29 July 30 July 31 July Unknown date References 1917-07 07
刘刚（），鞍山师范学院中文系教授，研究领域为古代文学，尤其是宋玉研究，出版《宋玉辞赋考论》等专著20余部，兼职担任中国屈原学会常务理事、副秘书长，中国诗经学会会员等。生平毕业于沈阳师范学院中文系，曾在鞍山市直机关干部进修学院任教。1988年起在鞍山师范学院任教，期间曾在北京大学中文系担任访问学者，师从学者褚斌杰做先秦文学研究。现为鞍山师范学院中文系教授。参考资料沈阳师范学院校友鞍山师范学院教授
胃病分为哪几种？胃病是肠胃病的简称，是多种肠胃疾病的统称，是由于受到各种因素的影响，引起的各种肠胃疾病，常见的胃病有：慢性肠炎、慢性胃炎、胃溃疡、胃出血等；胃病的病发率与年龄有着密切的关系，年龄越长，发病的几率越高，尤其是50岁以上的中老年人是胃病的主发群体，胃病不易治疗，很容易反复发作，主要靠长期的调养才能治愈，令很多患者所烦恼，要及时进行治疗，以免病情严重，治疗难度加大。胃病主要发生在消化系统，胃病病发时，消化系统的症状极为明显。1.胃痛：会出现胃痛、右上腹疼痛、疼痛具有规律性，尤其在饭前后，或者吃饭时疼痛感明显。2.反酸：胃酸过多，经常反酸。3.消化系统受影响，食欲减退，慢慢消瘦，出现消化不良，有腹胀腹泻，会出现便秘，有黑便，有恶心呕吐的现象，严重的胃病，呕吐物中有吐血，胃反应过大，出现畏寒，胃反酸。4.全身乏力，精神不振，患者气血较差，睡眠质量不好。5.有嗳气、有口臭出现。胃病是多种疾病的统称，对于胃病的治疗主要有两方面：1.一般治疗，胃病与患者的不健康饮食有关，所以治疗胃病时，要靠养，饮食方面要有规律，要少吃多餐，不暴饮暴食，减少服用对胃有刺激性的药物，养护好胃。2.采用对症治疗：由于胃病包括很多疾病，引起这些疾病的原因也复杂多样，采用对症治疗，去除病因，停止服用、使用一切损害肠胃的药物和食物。严重的肠胃疾病要进行禁食，吃流质食物为主。可以多喝水，避免患者腹泻、恶心呕吐时引起缺水严重，导致水电解质失衡，还可以去医院静脉输液治疗；有疼痛严重者可以使用止痛药进行止痛；严重的腹胀腹泻者，可以使用抗菌类药物。
硫酸羟胺是羟胺的硫酸盐，化学式为(NH3OH)2SO4，易溶于水。合成羟胺与硫酸发生酸碱中和反应可制得硫酸羟胺： 2NH2OH +H2SO4 ->(NH3OH)2SO4 其中，羟胺由氨的催化氧化制得。应用硫酸羟胺在有机合成中用于将醛和酮转化为肟，将羧酸及其衍生物（例如酯）转化为羟肟酸，将异氰酸酯转化为 N-羟基脲，将腈转化为酰胺肟。硫酸羟铵还用于从发烟硫酸或氯磺酸反應生成羟胺-O-磺酸。硫酸羟胺可用于生产抗结皮剂、药物、橡胶、纺织品、塑料和洗涤剂。它是一种自由基清除剂，可终止自由基聚合反应并在天然橡胶中用作抗氧化剂。在農業上，硫酸羥胺是一些杀虫剂、除草剂和生长调节剂的合成原料。它在摄影中用作彩色照片显影剂的稳定剂和彩色胶片感光乳剂中的添加剂。分解在120 °C的高溫时，硫酸羟胺开始分解为三氧化硫、一氧化二氮、水和氨： {2(NH3OH)2SO4}->[][{\triangle}]{2SO3}+{N2O}+{2NH3}+{5H2O} 该反应在138 °C的溫度以上時是放热反應，并且在177 °C時反應放热最多。金属（尤其是铜、和其衍生合金、銅盐）可催化硫酸羟胺的分解。硫酸羟胺的不稳定性主要是由于羟铵离子的弱氮氧单键所造成。参考資料外部链接国际化学品安全卡 0898 照相药品硫酸盐羟铵盐没有KEGG来源的条目
天紫红女金胶囊的用法用量？注意：同种药品可由于不同的包装规格有不同的用法或用量。本文只供参考。如果不确定，请参看药品随带的说明书或向医生询问。口服，一次3粒，一日2～3次。
星影匯（The Metroplex）是香港戲院之一，為Cinema City全資附屬機構，位於九龍灣展貿徑1號九龍灣國際展貿中心EMax地下，於2014年2月14日開始營業，原址前身為香港保齡球城。戲院除放映主流電影外，亦會放映電影節、獨立製作及特色專題電影。星影匯於2020年9月轉變營運權，由Cinema City接手營運星影匯，合和仍是業主並提供原有裝修及相關器材，有關租約該會直至2024年。簡介星影匯有9間影院，提供1100多個座位。所有影院均使用3D及4K放映系統，但仍設有菲林放映器材。音響方面，影院使用杜比7.1環繞聲，1、3及7至9號影院更設有杜比全景聲（Dolby Atmos），除5及6號影院外均設有震動座位。7至9號影院為VIP影院，戲票包括食物套餐，為全港第一間有餐膳服務的戲院。交通交通路線列表港鐵 █觀塘綫：九龍灣站A出口（轉乘免費穿梭巴士直達）、B出口（步行20分鐘） █屯馬綫：啟德站A出口（步行10分鐘）啟福道啟祥道展貿徑九龍灣國際展貿中心↔港鐵九龍灣站宏光道穿梭巴士九龍灣國際展貿中心穿梭巴士九龍灣國際展貿中心↔港鐵九龍灣站主要交通網絡啟德隧道觀塘繞道大老山隧道參考資料外部連結星影匯主頁香港戲院九龍灣 2020年併購
An edge-matching puzzle is a type of tiling puzzle involving tiling an area with (typically regular) polygons whose edges are distinguished with colours or patterns, in such a way that the edges of adjacent tiles match. Edge-matching puzzles are known to be NP-complete, and capable of conversion to and from equivalent jigsaw puzzles and polyomino packing puzzle. The first edge-matching puzzles were patented in the U.S. by E. L. Thurston in 1892. Current examples of commercial edge-matching puzzles include the Eternity II puzzle, Tantrix, Kadon Enterprises' range of edge-matching puzzles, and the Edge Match Puzzles iPhone app. Notable variations MacMahon Squares MacMahon Squares is the name given to a recreational math puzzle suggested by British mathematician Percy MacMahon, who published a treatise on edge-colouring of a variety of shapes in 1921. This particular puzzle uses 24 tiles consisting of all permutations of 3 colors for the edges of a square. The tiles must be arranged into a 6×4 rectangular area such that all edges match and, furthermore, only one color is used for the outside edge of the rectangle. This puzzle can be extended to tiles with permutations of 4 colors, arranged in 10×7. In either case, the squares are a subset of the Wang tiles, reducing tiles that are similar under rotation. Solutions number well into the thousands. MacMahon Squares, along with variations on the idea, was commercialized as Multimatch. TetraVex TetraVex is a computer game that presents the player with a square grid and a collection of tiles, by default nine square tiles for a 3×3 grid. Each tile has four single-digit numbers, one on each edge. The objective of the game is to place the tiles into the grid in the proper position, completing this puzzle as quickly as possible. The tiles cannot be rotated, and two can be placed next to each other only if the numbers on adjacent edges match. TetraVex was inspired by "the problem of tiling the plane" as described by Donald Knuth on page 382 of Volume 1: Fundamental Algorithms, the first book in his series The Art of Computer Programming. It was named by Scott Ferguson, the development lead and an architect of the first version of Visual Basic, who wrote it for Windows Entertainment Pack 3. TetraVex is also available as an open source game in the GNOME Games collection. The possible number of TetraVex can be counted. On a board there are horizontal and vertical pairs that must match and numbers along the edges that can be chosen arbitrarily. Hence there are choices of 10 digits, i.e. possible boards. Deciding if a TetraVex puzzle has a solution is in general NP-complete. Its computational approach involves the Douglas-Rachford algorithm. Hexagons Serpentiles are the hexagonal tiles used in various abstract strategy games such as Psyche-Paths, Kaliko, and Tantrix. Within each serpentile, the edges are paired, thus restricting the set of tiles in such a way that no edge color occurs an odd number of times within the hexagon. Three dimensions Mathematically, edge-matching puzzles are two-dimensional. A 3D edge-matching puzzle is such a puzzle that is not flat in Euclidean space, so involves tiling a three-dimensional area such as the surface of a regular polyhedron. As before, polygonal pieces have distinguished edges to require that the edges of adjacent pieces match. 3D edge-matching puzzles are not currently under direct U.S. patent protection, since the 1892 patent by E. L. Thurston has expired. Current examples of commercial puzzles include the Dodek Duo, The Enigma, Mental Misery, and Kadon Enterprises' range of three-dimensional edge-matching puzzles. Incorporation of edge matching The Carcassonne board game employs edge matching to constrain where its square tiles may be placed. The original game has three types of edges: fields, roads and cities. See also Domino tiling Wang dominoes References External links Erich's Matching Puzzles Collection Color- and Edge-Matching Polygons by Peter Esser Rob's puzzle page by Rob Stegmann Edge matching squares Tiling puzzles
Rusudan () is a feminine Georgian name of Old Persian origin, today widely used in Georgia. Other forms of name Rusudan used in Georgian are: Rusa, Ruso, Rusiko and Ruska. It may refer to: Rusudan of Georgia (c. 1194-1245), queen regnant of Georgia (1223-1245) Rusudan, daughter of Demetre I of Georgia (12th-13th c.), Georgian princess royal Rusudan, daughter of Giorgi III of Georgia (12th-13th c.), Georgian princess royal Rusudan of Georgia, Empress of Trebizond (13th c.), Georgian princess royal Rusudan of Circassia (died 1740), queen consort of Kartli Rusudan Goletiani (born September 8, 1980), Georgian-American chess player Rusudan Khoperia, Georgian gymnast Rusudan Sikharulidze, Georgian gymnast Rusudan Petviashvili, Georgian artist Rusudan Bolkvadze, Georgian actress Rusudan Gotsiridze, Georgian evangelical bishop Rusudan Chkonia, Georgian film director Rusudan Glurjidze, Georgian film director Rusudan Goginashvili, Georgian swimmer Georgian feminine given names Feminine given names
许乃来（），浙江仁和（浙江杭州）人，是一名清朝政治人物。许乃来曾于1821年接替叶机任上海县知县一职，1822年由武念祖接任。参考资料清朝上海县知县
艾南英（），字千子，號天傭子。臨川段溪艾家村（今東鄉縣崗上積鄉艾家村）人。明末散文家。其父艾夏臣，官至兵部主事。少敏悟，七歲時作《竹林七賢論》，十七岁时受知于平湖李养白。十八岁选入县学，好學不倦，無書不觀，好歐陽修文。曾受教業於汤显祖。因不滿當時文風，後与章世纯、罗万藻、陈际泰一起致力于八股文的改革，并称为“临川四才子”。天启四年（1624年），乡试中举，因座師检讨丁乾学、給事中郝土膏策文詆毀魏忠贤，南英对策亦有譏諷語，罚停三科會試。崇祯元年（1627年），魏忠贤事敗自縊，南英得以参加会试，屡试不第。忿恨之餘，遂编成《历代诗文集》、《皇明古文定》，作为学文的楷模；又搜集一些“生吞活剥”、“钩章棘句”、“生硬套用”、“溢美饰非”及“游戏”的八股文，编成《文剿》、《文妖》、《文腐》、《文冤》、《文戏》等五書，從正、反兩面提供與人參考。崇祯十七年（1644年），艾南英应罗川王之邀，起兵抗击清军，決戰於金溪山谷。江西失陷，艾南英赴福建见隆武帝朱聿鍵，呈《十可憂》疏，被授予兵部主事，尋改御史。翌年（1646年）八月，卒于延平，遺嘱悬棺於树上，不葬清朝土地。曾撰《古今全史》一千餘卷，不久焚於兵火。今流傳有《天傭子集》。注釋延伸阅读參考書目《明史·文苑传》 A 天啓四年甲子科舉人临川人 A A A 艾姓
傅彬然（），又名冰然，笔名秉仁、炎如、逸君、逸文等，化名冰弦、镜常，男，浙江萧山人，中国编辑家，中华书局原副总经理、副总编辑，第二、三、五届全国政协委员，第三届全国人大代表。参考资料 Bin 萧山人第二届全国政协委员第三届全国政协委员第五屆全國政協委員第三届全国人大代表
In data processing R-trees are a variant of R-trees used for indexing spatial information. R-trees have slightly higher construction cost than standard R-trees, as the data may need to be reinserted; but the resulting tree will usually have a better query performance. Like the standard R-tree, it can store both point and spatial data. It was proposed by Norbert Beckmann, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Ralf Schneider, and Bernhard Seeger in 1990. Difference between R-trees and R-trees Minimization of both coverage and overlap is crucial to the performance of R-trees. Overlap means that, on data query or insertion, more than one branch of the tree needs to be expanded (due to the way data is being split in regions which may overlap). A minimized coverage improves pruning performance, allowing exclusion of whole pages from search more often, in particular for negative range queries. The R-tree attempts to reduce both, using a combination of a revised node split algorithm and the concept of forced reinsertion at node overflow. This is based on the observation that R-tree structures are highly susceptible to the order in which their entries are inserted, so an insertion-built (rather than bulk-loaded) structure is likely to be sub-optimal. Deletion and reinsertion of entries allows them to "find" a place in the tree that may be more appropriate than their original location. When a node overflows, a portion of its entries are removed from the node and reinserted into the tree. (In order to avoid an indefinite cascade of reinsertions caused by subsequent node overflow, the reinsertion routine may be called only once in each level of the tree when inserting any one new entry.) This has the effect of producing more well-clustered groups of entries in nodes, reducing node coverage. Furthermore, actual node splits are often postponed, causing average node occupancy to rise. Re-insertion can be seen as a method of incremental tree optimization triggered on node overflow. Performance Improved split heuristic produces pages that are more rectangular and thus better for many applications. Reinsertion method optimizes the existing tree but increases complexity. Efficiently supports point and spatial data at the same time. Algorithm and complexity The R-tree uses the same algorithm as the regular R-tree for query and delete operations. When inserting, the R-tree uses a combined strategy. For leaf nodes, overlap is minimized, while for inner nodes, enlargement and area are minimized. When splitting, the R-tree uses a topological split that chooses a split axis based on perimeter, then minimizes overlap. In addition to an improved split strategy, the R-tree also tries to avoid splits by reinserting objects and subtrees into the tree, inspired by the concept of balancing a B-tree. Worst case query and delete complexity are thus identical to the R-Tree. The insertion strategy to the R-tree is with more complex than the linear split strategy () of the R-tree, but less complex than the quadratic split strategy () for a page size of objects and has little impact on the total complexity. The total insert complexity is still comparable to the R-tree: reinsertions affect at most one branch of the tree and thus reinsertions, comparable to performing a split on a regular R-tree. So, on overall, the complexity of the R-tree is the same as that of a regular R-tree. An implementation of the full algorithm must address many corner cases and tie situations not discussed here. References External links R-tree Database index techniques de:R-Baum
唾液容易传染乙肝吗？乙肝感化者的唾液能否具备传染性，能否能够传染给他人，要看乙肝感化者乙肝病毒DNA载量的测定成效。如果乙肝病毒DNA载量高出失常值，患者的血液之中就含有病毒，唾液之中也会含有病毒，含有病毒的唾液，可以经过生活上紧密接触进入对方口腔，口腔内凑巧有溃疡或许伤口，间接进入血液循环便可以传达给对方。如果乙肝病毒DNA载量低于失常值，血液之中的病毒含量为零，唾液之中就不含有病毒，就不具备传染性。乙肝最重要的传达路子是经过性传达，母婴传达和血液传达，一般的唾液消化道不会传达乙肝病毒。所以一般来说，乙肝的患者唾液一般是没有传染性的。预防乙肝最有效的措施便是打疫苗，打了疫苗，产生乙肝皮相抗体，就不成能再感化乙肝病毒。现在随着重生儿死亡之后，乙肝疫苗的普及，新发的乙肝病毒携带者越来越少了。乙肝病毒一般是不会经过唾液传达的，乙肝病毒会经过血液、精液传达，一般是不会经过消化道传达的，不要耽心。此外，乙肝不需要去害怕，因为有一个很好的法子，可以预防乙肝的感化，便是接种疫苗。如果身体里面乙肝皮相抗原和乙肝皮相抗体都是阴性的，只需按时、规范的打疫苗，产生乙肝皮相抗体，便可以成功制止感化乙肝病毒。我们国家乙肝病毒携带者，最罕见的传达路子是经过母婴传达，再便是夫妻性生活中，能够也会有一些传染，然而这种是极为罕见的。经过吃饭，唾液传达的，目前还没有发现。唾液中也含有一定数量的乙肝病毒，无非乙肝病毒的传达路子重如果经过血液传达、母婴传达和性传达，而不经过消化道传达。只需口腔粘膜完整，共餐、接吻是不会感化乙肝的。无非当存在口腔黏膜的破损、出血时，会增加接触乙肝病毒的机会，致使乙肝病毒进入到体内，使得感化乙肝的几率有所增加。目前预防乙肝最佳的法子，便是及时地打针疫苗，产生爱护性抗体，有了爱护性抗体，纵然接触了乙肝病毒，被感化的几率也是无比低的。
小孩有龟头炎怎么办？龟头炎即阴茎头炎，指龟头部由外伤、刺激或感染等因素引起的炎症。由于龟头炎往往与包皮内板的炎症同时存在，因此通常将龟头炎和包皮炎合称为包皮龟头炎。以局部红肿、糜烂和溃疡形成为主要临床表现。包皮龟头炎可逆行感染泌尿系统，引起膀胱炎、肾盂肾炎等，此外若炎症长期未能治愈，可直接影响性生活，从而导致阳痿、早泄等现象。本病好发于夏秋季，多发生于中青年男性，尤其是有包皮过长或包茎者。小孩子出现了龟头炎，要注意保持局部的清洁卫生，经常或每日清洗包皮积垢，这样可防止发生阴茎头炎症。小儿包皮过长一般不需手术治疗，当有包皮过长又合并有包茎时才需手术治疗。一定要注意避免感染，保持清洁卫生，为了以防万一也可以及早手术。龟头炎的预防及护理措施：保持局部的清洁，避免各种刺激，每日清洗龟头和包皮。这样也有助于缓解该疾病所引起的不适症状，且这样还能够将患者的感染几率降到最低。避免接触化学物品有的男性朋友发生龟头炎是因为他们的皮肤受到了化学物品的刺激，进而引起身体发生了疾病反应。如果是这种情况的话，那么患者首先要做的就是避免再接触到有关的化学物品，以免加重病情。考虑是否进行手术，如果患者的龟头炎经常反复发作，且其包皮难以翻开清洗，那么应该考虑是否需要进行切割包皮手术的方法来治疗该疾病。适当补充维生素C，饮食要均衡营养，提供机体免疫力。每次小便过后要注意避免将尿液留在包皮内，引起感染。日常需要保持包皮龟头的干燥，不能潮湿，而且包皮龟头必须一直保持干净清爽。
Herpetophobia is a common specific phobia, which consists of fear or aversion to reptiles, commonly lizards and snakes, and similar vertebrates as amphibians. It is one of the most diffused animal phobias, very similar and related to ophidiophobia. This condition causes a slight to severe emotional reaction, as for example anxiety, panic attack or most commonly nausea. See also Zoophobia Ophidiophobia List of animal phobias References External links Zoophobias
中度宫颈糜烂会自愈吗？造成宫颈糜烂的原因是不洁净性生活：男女双方一旦有了性生活，阴道相对处于一种“开放”状态.性生活时阴茎与宫颈有着直接接触，如果男性不注意性生活卫生，可以直接把病菌带入阴道，感染宫颈，引发宫颈糜烂。多次人工流产：多次人工流产可造成不同程度的宫颈损伤，给病菌可乘之机，引发宫颈炎.由于炎症的刺激，局部分泌物增加，宫颈长期浸渍在炎性分泌物内就会引起宫颈糜烂。清洁过度：经常用较大浓度的消毒药液冲洗阴道，结果适得其反.因为这样做不仅会影响阴道正常菌群的生长，使其抑制病菌的作用下降，也可造成不同程度的宫颈上皮损伤，最终出现宫颈糜烂。中度宫颈糜烂的女性很多的都选择了传统的物理疗法，例如激光治疗，其实，激光治疗属于一种早期的物理疗法.激光治疗中度宫颈糜烂的原理很简单，多采用二氧化碳激光器，通过对糜烂面发出光束照射，使糜烂组织炭化结痂，痂皮脱落后可以长出新的鳞状上皮.然而，激光虽然对宫颈糜烂中度有一定的疗法，但是术后易复发，由于激光只能对糜烂表面浸润杀菌，消炎的作用，并不能治愈深层病灶，使深层病灶还残留在宫颈口深处，过了一段时间，深层的病灶开始蔓延，使炎症复发。中度宫颈糜烂自愈的可能性不是很大.在长期慢性炎症的刺激下，颈管增生而来的柱状上皮可发生非典型增生，如不及时治疗，其中一部分患者最终会发展为癌，不过因为这种发展转变过程比较缓慢，所以可以利用这个时间积极治疗.建议采用微创治疗，治疗期间禁止同房，注意清洁卫生。
This is a list of the top 100 Major League Baseball (MLB) starting pitchers in career Jaffe Wins Above Replacement Score (JAWS). JAWS is a sabermetric stat developed by statistician Jay Jaffe to determine a player's rank at their position in relation to worthiness for election into the National Baseball Hall of Fame. Walter Johnson is the all-time leader for starting pitchers with a value of 127 JAWS. The active leaders are Justin Verlander and Clayton Kershaw with a value of 61.3 JAWS. Key List Stats updated as of the completion of the 2021 season See also Jaffe Wins Above Replacement Score Notes Sources Jaffe Wins Above Replacement Score
Emma Sophia Oliver née Eburne later Emma Sedgewick, (15 August 1819 – 15 March 1885) was a British landscape painter. Biography Oliver was born in London, being the daughter of Mary and William Eburne, a coach-builder from Rathbone Place. In September 1840 she married the painter William Oliver and the couple regularly took painting tours of Britain and Germany. Emma Oliver exhibited watercolours and oil paintings from these tours at the Royal Academy in London, at the British Institution and with the Society of British Artists. In 1849 she was elected a member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours. William Oliver died in 1853 and his widow remarried in, or around, 1856 a John Sedgewick but continued to exhibit works as Oliver until her death at Great Berkhamsted in 1885. Her later works included Rhine landscapes and scenes of Venice. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London holds examples of her work. References External links Portrait in the National Portrait Gallery, London 1819 births 1885 deaths 19th-century British painters 19th-century English women artists English women painters Painters from London
Djorkaeff Néicer Reasco González (born 18 January 1999) is an Ecuadorian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Argentine Primera División club Newell's Old Boys and the Ecuador national team. Personal life He is named after Youri Djorkaeff and is the son of former Ecuadorian international footballer Néicer Reasco, who was playing for LDU Quito in the same game that Reasco Jr made his debut in. Career statistics Club Notes International References 1999 births Living people Ecuadorian men's footballers Ecuadorian expatriate men's footballers People from Pichincha Province Men's association football forwards L.D.U. Quito footballers C.D. Clan Juvenil footballers Dorados de Sinaloa footballers Newell's Old Boys footballers Ecuadorian Serie A players Ascenso MX players Liga de Expansión MX players Argentine Primera División players Ecuadorian expatriate sportspeople in Mexico Ecuadorian expatriate sportspeople in Argentina Expatriate men's footballers in Mexico Expatriate men's footballers in Argentina 2022 FIFA World Cup players
子宫疾病怎么造成的？子宫疾病是指子宫区域发生的各种病变，如炎症、损伤、肿瘤以及癌前病变等，是女性最常见的疾患之一。子宫疾病包括子宫内膜炎、子宫内膜异位症、子宫肥大、子宫息肉、子宫肌瘤、子宫囊肿、子宫脱垂、子宫内膜癌等。造成子宫疾病的原因有流产、放取环等宫腔操作、以及感染等。性生活的失调将会造成子宫的损害，导致子宫肌瘤、子宫囊肿，甚至不孕不育。一项研究表明，每星期有两次以上性生活的人，其免疫系统能得到强化，不易被感冒病菌等感染。而每星期性生活次数在3次以上的人，与性生活少于3次的人相比，至少显得年轻10岁。此外，性生活不规律或很少有性生活的女性，很可能会患上某些疾病，其中，最为常见的就是子宫疾病。专家解释，性生活时需要消耗很多能量，身体新陈代谢会加快，体内的废物将大量排出体外。更重要的是，性生活可以加速下腹部生殖器官的血液循环，从而保证子宫卫生。相反，如果不能适度进行性生活，就会造成子宫内血液循环不畅，从而产生淤血，有可能发展为子宫肌瘤和子宫囊肿等疾病。保持外阴清洁干燥，防止感染是女性防止子宫疾病的最基本措施，做好外阴清洁可以防止病原体进入子宫，引发子宫肌瘤。人工流产会严重损伤子宫，增加女性患子宫肌瘤的几率。因此，在生活中，要采取好的避免措施，减少人流的次数，因为流产次数多，会给患者的子宫修复带来一定的危害，刺激子宫的正常修复，容易导致子宫肌瘤的发病。研究表明，高脂肪食物进入人体后，会促进女性雌激素的分泌，给子宫造成一定的刺激作用，刺激子宫的正常修复，引发子宫肌瘤。所以，女性朋友们在生活中要坚持低脂肪饮食，要多喝水，避免辛辣以及刺激性强的食物。
The Parc des Sports et de l'Amitié is a multi-use stadium in Narbonne, France. The stadium is currently used mostly for rugby union matches and is the home stadium of RC Narbonne. The stadium is able to hold 12,000 people and was built in 1979. On 12 February, 2016, it hosted a Six Nations Under 20s Championship match between France and Ireland with France winning 34 - 13. References Et de l'Amitie Narbonne Sports venues in Aude Sports venues completed in 1979
氨酚曲麻片成分或处方？本品本品为复方制剂,其组分为:对乙酰氨基酚、水杨酰胺、咖啡因、盐酸伪麻黄碱、盐酸曲普利啶。
青少年晚上多梦怎么办？青少年时期是一个很重要的时期，保证睡眠才能干什么事都事半功倍，不管是学习还是其他。但是由于来自于社会或是学习的压力越来越大，并不能保证睡眠的质量，如多梦、早醒、失眠、疲倦等等。青少年正处于长身体的关键时期，睡眠质量的好坏会直接影响到青少年的身体健康，作为祖国的花朵，青少年的身体健康又是备受关注的，有部分父母表示由于现如今自己家里的孩子出现了睡眠质量不好的情况，所以严重的影响到了其学习和身体的成长，这也让父母非常的苦恼。部分青少年之所以长期有睡眠质量不好的情况，是因为其心理的焦虑症状非常的严重，这些青少年每天都要面临着很大的生活压力，尤其是学习上的压力，建议这种情况下应该要对青少年进行心理辅导，让逐渐的放松，缓解焦虑症状。安神养气的食物是缓解睡眠质量的有效途径，有部分中老年人在出现了无法进入睡眠状态的情况下，就会选择喝上一杯牛奶或者是吃上一个苹果，这些都是属于安神养心的佳品，也可以给青少年服用，对身体有一定的好处。第一种原因就是文章当中提及到的紧张情绪。焦虑和紧张都是属于人的消极情绪，这些消极情绪可能会直接影响到睡眠质量的好坏。除此之外也有可能是由于人体患有慢性的疾病，有部分恶性疾病，会严重的影响到人的睡眠，这种情况应该要积极进行治疗，等到疾病好转之后，睡眠自然也就好了起来。保持乐观、积极的良好态度：对社交竞争、个人得失等有充分的了解，避免因挫折造成的心理失衡，这是治疗青少年失眠的关键。睡前避免进食和饮水：尽量不要吃太多的晚餐，过多会对胃造成负担，晚上睡觉会感到不舒服，影响睡眠。不要喝太多水和吃一些辛辣的、脂肪食物，晚上多喝水很容易起床，影响睡眠。在休息期间，可以在课堂外进行一些简单的瑜伽练习，以缓解疲劳。可以在睡觉前喝一杯牛奶：牛奶有助于入睡，可以吃提高平日睡眠质量的食物，如红枣、百合、小米粥、核桃、蜂蜜、葵花籽等。但是还应该注意食用的量，不要多吃，达到睡眠效果就行。
布雷德施泰特（；）是德国石勒苏益格－荷尔斯泰因州的一个市镇。总面积9.75平方公里，总人口4921人，其中男性2334人，女性2587人（2011年12月31日），人口密度505人/平方公里。参见石勒苏益格－荷尔斯泰因州市镇列表参考石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因州市镇
鹊岸之战，公元前537年（周景王八年，鲁昭公五年，楚灵王四年，吴王馀眛七年），在吴楚交兵中，吴国在鹊岸击败楚国的作战。为了报复上一年棘地、栎地、麻地的战役，前537年十月，楚灵王带领蔡国、陈国、许国、顿国、沈国、徐国、越国等诸侯和东夷的军队进攻吴国。薳射带领繁扬（今河南省新蔡县西北）的军队在夏汭（今安徽省寿县淮河转弯处）会师，越国的大夫常寿过领兵和楚王在琐地（今安徽省霍邱县东）会合。吴军出动，薳启强领兵迎战、没有设防，吴国人在鹊岸（今安徽省无为县西南）击败了楚军。楚灵王乘坐驿车到达罗汭。吴王派他的兄弟蹶由到楚营犒劳军队，被楚国抓获。楚军在罗汭渡河，沈尹赤和楚灵王会合，驻在莱山，薳射率领繁扬之师先进入南怀，楚军在后相随。到达汝清，不能进入吴国。楚灵王就在坻箕之山检阅军队。楚国撤退，带着蹶由回国。楚灵王派沈尹射在巢地（今安徽省巢湖市），薳启强在雩娄（今安徽省金寨县北），防备吴国。参考資料《春秋左传》昭公五年顾栋高《春秋大事表》春秋战国战役前6世纪中国战役前537年楚国战役吴国战役
黑白集為台灣知名日報《聯合報》的方塊文章樣式政論專欄，首刊於1952年，至今仍持續發表。以現今樣式來看，黑白集專欄位置都於《聯合報》社論左方，字數則約莫600字左右。 1997年，黑白集正式開始集結出冊，原則以半年一輯方式出版，至今已發行至10冊。黑白集為台灣報刊上歷史最悠久、引起迴響最多的方塊文字。支持該專欄的讀者曾形容，讀黑白集如同「車廂立即掛起了火車頭」，並藉由專欄與「正在啟動世界勾了起來」。惟另一方面，2003年4月，民主進步黨青年部政務副主任許建榮批評，偏保守派立場的黑白集所秉持的「黑白分明」思維違反了新聞的中立報導立場，「《聯合報》一路走來，『反民主』、『反李（登輝）』、『反（陳水）扁』和『反台灣』的本質，可謂歷久而彌新、且始終如一」。 2007年3月29日，網路評論黑白集政論，指該次治安問題是在台中市發生，內文卻隻字片語都沒提到當時台中市長，搞的與當時台中市長胡志強一點關係都沒有似的。 2010年12月30日，黑白集探討有關政府置入性行銷的議題，內容提到「現今媒體的惡疾，絕不止在置入性行銷」、「真正的媒體醜聞，是用頭條新聞刊登『南線專案』在北一女門口付錢那種惡劣行徑；……這類新聞在形式上不能區隔，在內涵上更是放話造謠；這是媒體之恥、台灣之恥，卻不是『政府置入媒體』、而是『媒體置入政府』」、「這家報紙經常刊出『自由合成』的假照片，甚至連民調也被質疑沒有民調中心；這些，也都不是置入性行銷，卻皆是根本違反了新聞媒體的天條鐵律」，但未點名批判台灣唯一同時擁有上列爭議案件的《自由時報》。但《自由時報》認為，以當初的媒體報導，該文就是在批評該報及該報率先報導南線專案的副總編輯鄒景雯；《自由時報》與鄒景雯提起民事訴訟，要求《聯合報》刊登道歉啟事並賠償新臺幣一百五十萬元。一審判決《自由時報》敗訴，判決指出：南線專案是2006年陳水扁為國務機要費案而捏造，當初《自由時報》獨家報導南線專案，報導中交付金錢及簽收領據核銷時間、地點均有違常理，該報卻逕予刊登，不免令人合理懷疑這是當時總統府提供資訊置入《自由時報》所為的報導；黑白集根據法院認定的事實，評論南線專案屬假新聞置入性報導，並非無的放矢。《自由時報》不服一審判決，提起上訴。2012年7月31日，臺灣高等法院二審判決駁回《自由時報》上訴，《聯合報》勝訴。二審判決指出：《自由時報》未盡媒體自律之責，反而企圖以南線專案報導影響檢察官辦案及閱聽人的判斷；黑白集在法院確定南線專案是陳水扁捏造後，根據此一確定事實，評論南線專案報導屬假新聞置入性報導，並非毫無所本，更非空穴來風、無的放矢。 2013年9月12日，聯合報黑白集「陳守煌所言差矣」，引用錯誤內容被臺灣高等法院檢察署反駁澄清。 2015年8月26日，婦女救援基金會對8月25日聯合報黑白集「若林冠華看過蘆葦之歌」一文嚴正譴責。表示《蘆葦之歌》談的是被害人放下仇恨，選擇與生命的創傷和解，但這篇文章卻是不避諱地進行政治打壓及攻訐，消費這部紀錄片。 2017年9月15日，財團法人卓越新聞獎基金會「新聞倫理資料庫」以「聯合報將林益世案與宇昌案不當連結」作為事件名稱收錄。聯合報【黑白集】刊登 <林益世‧陳水扁‧蔡英文> 一文不符新聞媒體倫理『「違反真實正確-偏狹報導」「侵害新聞自由-新聞自由的內部侵害」「侵害個人權益-媒體審判」』。 2018年6月18日，聯合報系同時刊載黑白集文章『民進黨還真會「養案」』，以「這座樓存在二、三十年，其間侯友宜擔任過陳水扁的市刑大隊長及警政署長，都沒發現問題，為何今天他要競選新北市長就有問題」說明其合法性。但是於2018年7月2日查證後，柯文哲接受媒體訪問表示『「大群館」的建照及使用執照都是在1997年發的，但那張執照就已經很奇怪了，根本違反土地分區使用，「所以到底怎麼一回事？要往前追，就不知道要怎麼追？」；因為在他當市長三年半的期間，也不曉得這件事情，現在知道後，要開始往前追，發現2012年時李慶元就檢舉過了；再往前看，1997年那張使照就有問題，至今已經20年，「這20年在幹什麼？你問我，我也不知道。」』。2018年7月6日，台北市都發局表示，該案違規作寄宿住宅使用，呼籲使用人及所有權人應盡速改善，並維護學生住宿權益。 2018年5月16日，聯合報黑白集「當資通法遇到勒索病毒」製作話題含有錯誤資訊內容被行政院反駁澄清。 2019年5月28日，聯合報於報紙刊登黑白集「不進核食，賠款兩億」，內容提及的「海關進口稅則」部分稅則修正草案，為5月2日行政院會通過財政部擬具，其用意為積極爭取加入「跨太平洋夥伴全面進步協定」。該草案於27日立法院排審遭國民黨立委質疑，提到降稅產品多為日本進口，不應獨厚日本，29日排定再審。為立法院審查中即將再次審查的法案，而黑白集評論指是因公投否決了日本核食的進口，蔡政府因此以兩億多新台幣的年稅損換取對方「諒解」，賠款謝罪。 2020年2月7日，聯合報黑白集「聯合報黑白集╱官僚殺人」，敘述中國武漢知名的「吹哨者」李文亮醫師死於肺炎，指庸官一味隱匿，導致疫情一發不可收拾，為官僚殺人。結論說官僚殺人並不是中國大陸的特產，台灣也不遑多讓，只是以不同形式表現。此文經國民黨立委賴士葆引用，指李文亮死後，社會輿論排山倒海為他叫屈，抗議當局打壓言論自由，中共當局開始追究整起事件的緣由。並如黑白集報導一樣話鋒一轉，譴責民進黨修法箝制言論自由，指李文亮之死，不知會否喚醒民進黨高層的一點良知。黑白集作品庫存網頁 2006年2月8日請媒體「做反省動作」。 2006年12月30日奇文共賞／聯合報【黑白集】統派媒體。 2007年3月28日向蘇貞昌嗆聲。 2012年7月23日台灣天空的流轉。 2016年10月19日玩假的沒意思。聯合報黑白集遭諷檢視標準不一，隨著政黨輪替而改變。 2019年5月28日不進核食，賠款兩億。 2020年2月7日官僚殺人。參考資料民國時期作品聯合報系親藍媒體
《元史紀事本末》，是明朝陳邦瞻用紀事本末體編撰的，記載元朝歷史的史書，記述起自1280年，終至1368年，共4卷、27列目。在陳邦瞻之前，明代修《元史》，僅八月而成書，潦草殊甚。之後商輅等撰《續綱目》，不能旁徵博采，於元代史事亦多不詳。元史紀事本末的取材亦不出上書二書，故成就不如同為陳邦瞻所著之《宋史紀事本末》。《元史紀事本末》按時間編排，從《江南群盜之平》到《諸帥之爭》，但將蒙古立國到南宋被滅的部分收錄於《宋史紀事本末》，明朝亡元過程，以及北元歷史也是之為明朝歷史不予收錄，是以一代興廢之大綱，皆沒而不著。對韓林兒之死，多有隱晦。不過其對元代制度記載頗為明晰。其他治亂之跡，亦尚能撮舉大概，攬其指要。固未嘗不可以資考鏡也。注釋參見紀事本末體陳邦瞻宋史紀事本末外部連結元史紀事本末- 中國哲學書電子化計劃史部紀事本末類紀事本末體元朝史書
William Bishop (1817 – May 2, 1879) was an American businessman, military officer and politician in the 19th century. He served as the State Treasurer of Missouri from 1865 to 1869. Biography William H. Bishop was born in Martinsburg, Virginia, but moved with his family to McLean County, Illinois as a child. His father, also named William, was a veteran of the War of 1812. William H. moved to Missouri as an adult and by 1846 was living in Clark County, Missouri where he became a wealthy land and commodities speculator. By the time of the 1860 United States Census, Bishop had real estate holdings valued at $20,000, a substantial sum in that era. In March 1861 he attended the first inauguration of Abraham Lincoln in hopes of receiving a political appointment. At the outbreak of the American Civil War he was living in the Mississippi river port of Alexandria, Missouri. In June 1861 Union General Nathaniel Lyon asked him to help organize several units of Missouri Home Guards to protect the state from pro-Confederate Missouri State Guards and rebel guerrilla activity. Bishop challenged his friend David Moore for command of the newly formed 1st Northeast Missouri Home Guards, but lost the election. Undeterred, in July 1861 he began organizing a Cavalry battalion of Missouri Home Guard known as "Black Hawk Cavalry" at a training camp in Warsaw, Illinois. Following completion of training, the unit was garrisoned at Martinsburg, Audrain County, Missouri to protect the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad from attack by Confederate bushwhackers. The unit was involved in several skirmishes against Confederate Bushwhackers across the state including at Milford, Spring Hill, and Crabapple Grove (near present-day Sturgeon, Missouri). Colonel Bishop's time in command of the Black Hawk Cavalry was plagued by political infighting, supply difficulties, and conflict with his superiors. As a result, in February 1862 William Bishop was court-martialed on serious charges such as conduct unbecoming an officer, falsifying a muster roll, neglect of duty, and incompetence. He would be acquitted of all charges but removed from command of his unit, the Black Hawks being combined with other Union forces to create the 7th Missouri Cavalry Regiment. Hoping to repair the damage to his reputation and career, in the spring of 1862 Bishop gathered letters of support and documentation pertaining to his acquittal and traveled to Washington D.C.. In a series of meetings he sought out a new military command or appointment to a political position. Unsuccessful, he returned to Alexandria, Missouri and resumed private business. Some time later he would be appointed Provost Marshal and port supervisor, positions he held until being elected Missouri's 9th State Treasurer in November 1864 as a member of the Radical Union Party. His term in office was unremarkable in any specific achievement, save for securing salary increases for his assistants and managing the funds for Missouri's post-Bellum recovery. After leaving office in 1869 he lived mostly a retired life before suffering a stroke and dying on May 2, 1879. Despite his earlier great wealth, Bishop died with an estate valued at around $515. William and Mary Ann (Lapsley) Bishop—who had married in 1849—were the parents of six children. She survived him by an additional 40 years, dying on March 8, 1920. William Bishop is buried in Kahoka, Missouri. References 1817 births 1879 deaths People from McLean County, Illinois People from Kahoka, Missouri American commodities traders People of Missouri in the American Civil War Union Army colonels Cavalry commanders State treasurers of Missouri Missouri Republicans 19th-century American politicians 19th-century American businesspeople Politicians from Martinsburg, West Virginia Military personnel from Martinsburg, West Virginia Military personnel from Illinois
眼睑畸形的鉴别诊断？应与下面的症状相鉴别诊断：眼睑闭合不全眼睑闭合不全指上下眼睑不能完全闭合，导致部分眼球暴露，又称兔眼。眼睑外翻畸形是面部烧伤病人经常出现的问题。由于眼睑不能闭合，眼球经常外露而受刺激，使眼球充血发红、疼痛，有异物感，常流眼泪。如果角膜暴露时间稍长，得不到眼液湿润，还会发生暴露性角膜炎和角膜溃疡，如果治疗不及时，还可导致失明。
Jenna Marie Ortega (born September 27, 2002) is an American actress. She began her career as a child actress, receiving recognition for her role as young Jane in The CW comedy-drama series Jane the Virgin (2014–2019). From 2016 to 2018, she had a leading role as Harley Diaz in the Disney Channel series Stuck in the Middle, for which she won an Imagen Award. She played Ellie Alves in the second season of the thriller series You in 2019 and starred in the family film Yes Day (2021), both for Netflix. Ortega received critical praise for her performance in the teen drama film The Fallout (2021). She went on to star in the slasher films Scream and X (both 2022), and Scream VI (2023), which established her as a scream queen. In 2022, she began starring as Wednesday Addams in the Netflix horror comedy series Wednesday, for which she received nominations at the Golden Globe, Primetime Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Awards. Early life Jenna Marie Ortega was born on September 27, 2002, in Palm Desert, California, United States, the fourth of six children. Her father, a former sheriff who works at the California district attorney's office, is of Mexican descent; and her mother, an emergency room nurse, is of Mexican and Puerto Rican descent. Ortega's maternal great-grandmother was an illegal immigrant from Sinaloa, Mexico, and her maternal grandfather was from Puerto Rico. Ortega grew up in La Quinta, California. She wanted to act from the age of six; for three years, she begged her mother to let her pursue a career. Her mother attempted to distract her with activities such as soccer and school. Ortega almost quit pursuing acting to participate in the former. Her mother later bought her a monologue book and posted a video of a nine-year-old Ortega performing one. A casting director noticed the video and signed Ortega to an agency. Ortega's mother began driving her to Los Angeles up to five days a week to attend auditions—a trip that sometimes took six hours. Ortega recalled feeling guilty about pursuing a career: "well if this doesn't work out, I'm screwed ... I just put my entire family through this because that's a lot of money and time that we did not have." She struggled to secure parts as few roles existed for Latinas and she did not have "the look" sought by casting directors. Ortega stated rejections motivated her to change their viewpoint and "get rid of that description". She limited her auditions to commercials for her first year as she had no connections in the filmmaking industry; she secured parts in 12 national campaigns, including three McDonald's commercials. During the week, Ortega acted in Los Angeles for a few days and returned home to attend school. She enrolled in public school, attending Amelia Earhart Elementary School and John Glenn Middle School. She dropped out during eighth grade to act in Disney projects and got an apartment in Los Angeles after landing her role in Stuck in the Middle (2016–2018). During this time, Ortega worked in Los Angeles throughout the week and went home on the weekends. Career 2012–2017: Early acting roles and Disney Ortega made her acting debut in the sitcom Rob (2012). She subsequently made an appearance in the CSI: NY episode "Unspoken" as an accidental shooting victim. In 2013, she made her film debut with a minor role in the superhero film Iron Man 3 as the vice president's daughter. That same year, Ortega appeared in the horror film Insidious: Chapter 2 as part of the supporting cast. Both were successful at the box office, with the former ranking among the highest-grossing films of all time. From 2014 to 2019, Ortega recurred on The CW comedy television series Jane the Virgin as a younger version of Jane Villanueva, who is portrayed by Gina Rodriguez as an adult. Ortega said her audition was not "anything overwhelmingly special" and attributed her casting to her resemblance to Rodriguez. Declan Gallagher of Entertainment Weekly commended Ortega's performance: "she eschews the trappings of a typical child actor. She's knowing without being cute, her delivery natural and, at times, tossed off in a way that veteran performers struggle to master." She also starred in the direct-to-video comedy film The Little Rascals Save the Day (2014) and the Netflix series Richie Rich (2015). Ortega appeared in the film After Words (2015) as Anna Chapa. The Los Angeles Times praised her as "adorable", whereas The Arizona Republic found her "horribly cloying". From 2016 to 2018, Ortega led the Disney Channel sitcom Stuck in the Middle as Harley Diaz, an aspiring inventor who is the middle child of the seven siblings. She said booking the role was "one of the best days of my life". Ortega drew inspiration from her own family and relationships with her siblings; she felt her experience starring on the show was akin to reality television. Common Sense Media praised her performance, asserting that she "commands this role, pleading her case as a long-suffering middle kid while finding the humor in the many calamities that befall her efforts to shine". Ortega garnered three Imagen Award nominations for Best Young Actor – Television, including a win in 2018. She also voiced Princess Isabel in Elena and the Secret of Avalor (2016) and Elena of Avalor (2016–2020). 2018–2021: Transition to mature roles In 2018, Ortega starred in the film Saving Flora as the lead role of Dawn, the daughter of a circus owner. She aimed to act in more mature projects following the conclusion of Stuck in the Middle, but found that "[p]eople automatically make the assumption that [Disney roles are] all you can do, or all you were meant for". She considered quitting acting several times, stating she "was too old for the young roles and too young for the older roles". In 2018, Ortega was cast as Ellie Alves on the second season of the Netflix thriller series You, which was released on December 26, 2019. The season, alike to the first season, received positive reviews, with The Hollywood Reporter Robyn Bahr noting Ortega as "a standout performer". Retrospectively, Ortega said that the show was "easily one of my favorite sets that I've ever, ever been on" and appreciated that she was given creative freedom. She was slated to return for the third and fourth seasons but was unable to due to scheduling conflicts. Ortega played Phoebe in the Netflix horror film The Babysitter: Killer Queen, which was released in September 2020 to negative critical reviews. Ortega also voiced Brooklynn in the Netflix animated series Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous (2020–2022). In 2021, she made her writing debut with the book It's All Love. Ortega subsequently starred in the Netflix comedy movie Yes Day (2021), portraying a stubborn teenager who wants more independence from her parents. She appreciated that the film's representation of people of color since it was shown in "a casual setting where it's acknowledged" in lieu of "shoving it down your throat"; she stated it "could be a really good thing for young people of color to see". Yes Day was released in March 2021 to mixed reviews. IndieWire lauded Ortega as "very capable", and the Associated Press referred to her as "an impressively poised young actor". Ortega led the high-school drama film The Fallout as a student navigating her emotional trauma following a school shooting. To prepare, she looked a photos, and watched videos and interviews about school shootings; processing such events afterwards "kind of came naturally". She also tried to participate in the March for Our Lives movement, which led demonstrations in support of gun control legislation. Ortega, who describes herself as "such an insecure individual", found portraying her character's relatability to be easy. The Fallout premiered at South by Southwest on March 17, 2021, and was released on HBO Max on January 27, 2022. It received a positive response from critics, and Ortega's acting was lauded. Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times described her performance as "grounded and deeply moving", while The Hollywood Reporter wrote that her "beautifully nuanced turn understands the nothing-to-look-at-here façade and the chinks in the armor". 2022–present: Mainstream success and Wednesday In the slasher film Scream (2022)—the fifth film in the Scream franchise—Ortega played Tara Carpenter, on which she stated: "I don't even think there are words in the English language to correctly express how happy, excited and nervous I am for this journey." Directors Matt Bettinelli-Olpin and Tyler Gillett cast her because of her ability to play both horror and comic tones, as well as the sound of her scream. Ortega felt nervous joining a well-known franchise; she wanted to "do it justice" while "not ripping anybody off". She said her experience working on the film helped her understand how crucial chemistry between the cast was to the production process's natural flow. The film emerged as a critical and commercial success, becoming the 28th-highest-grossing film of 2022. According to The A.V. Club, Ortega demonstrated "incredible" resilience and resolve in her role. She also won the MTV Movie Award for Most Frightened Performance. Ortega later appeared in the Foo Fighters-led horror film Studio 666 (2022). Reviewers thought that she was underused, with the Los Angeles Times commenting that "[n]ot even ... [Ortega] can offer true horror bona fides to this flick". Ortega starred in the slasher film X (2022), directed and written by Ti West, who said she was "fearless in her commitment". Ortega cited its script, which was "the most outrageous thing I've ever read", and the opportunity to work with West as reasons for signing onto the project. She found the filming process enjoyable and unique: "You already knew what your intention was going into the scene, how Ti wanted it and you also knew that you wouldn't move on from a shot until Ti was certain that he got what he needed". X became Ortega's best-reviewed film on Rotten Tomatoes, and Comic Book Resources wrote that she had given her best performance of the year. The comedy horror American Carnage was her final film release of 2022. IGN lauded her "no-shits-given shell", while The A.V. Club said that Ortega "continu[es] her streak as the new it-girl of horror with a stubborn punk persona that masks her care for other people". In May 2021, Ortega was cast as Wednesday Addams in the Netflix comedy horror series Wednesday (2022), which she called a "new chapter" in her career. The creative team sought a Latina to play the role to align with Gomez Addams's heritage. According to casting director John Papsidera: "When you start to talk about a young Latina actress, [Ortega] rises to the top of the heap." The casting team felt Ortega gave the character the empathy they were seeking, and director Tim Burton said he could not picture another actress portraying Wednesday. She rejected the role several times, as she wanted to focus on film acting and feared that working on another television series would prevent her from booking the roles she wanted. Ortega reconsidered after learning of Burton's involvement. To prepare, she underwent "the most physical transformation I've ever done; I cut my hair, and it's black, and mannerism-wise, speaking cadence-wise, expression-wise". Ortega also learned to play the cello and speak German, read the original Addams Family comic, and watched the 1960s television adaptation. Ortega called production of Wednesday first season "the most overwhelming job" she had ever had, and spoke about being in a constant state of confusion and stress over the direction of the series and character. Ortega said she never "had to put my foot down on a set in the way that I had to on Wednesday" since she thought her character's actions and dialogue did not suit her personality. While filming certain scenes, she would change lines without informing the crew. Upon Wednesday release, Ortega's performance was widely praised by critics, with The Wall Street Journal calling her "a charismatic performer playing a character who is decidedly anti-charisma, [which is] an accomplishment; she has a face that triumphs over deadpan." Ortega received nominations for a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award. She has also been nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series, becoming the category's second-youngest nominee. She later revealed her discomfort with becoming well known for her work on the show, having had a creatively unpleasant experience filming it. Ortega reprised her role as Tara Carpenter in Scream VI. She said her character had more personality in this film, unlike the previous installment in which she "was screaming and crying the entire time". When creating Tara's personality, Ortega considered several of the character's traits, including her favorite color, fashion style, makeup, and sense of humor. Released in March 2023, Scream VI grossed over $169 million on a budget of $33–35 million. Deadline Hollywood partially attributed its box office success to Ortega's star power. In a review, Variety Owen Gleiberman praised her "surly spunk"; Slant Magazine thought that she "fantastically embodie[d] the role". Ortega also hosted an episode of the NBC's sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live. While filming Wednesday, Ortega auditioned for the role of Mabel, a drug dealer's daughter who is seeking to her own path in life, in the crime thriller film Finestkind (2023). Producer Gary Foster was impressed with her previous work, especially The Fallout, and her role in Wednesday helped him convince the production companies to cast her. The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival to negative reviews. Many journalists labeled her a miscast; film critic Ty Burr wrote that she "doesn't yet have the emotional miles or acting skills to play a convincing New Bedford part-time heroin dealer". Upcoming projects Ortega has joined the cast of Lionsgate and Point Grey's Miller's Girl, opposite Martin Freeman. She called her character in Miller's Girl "the most complex character that I've ever played" and described the material as risky. She is set to star and executive produce the romantic drama Winter Spring Summer or Fall. Ortega is also slated to appear in and executive produce an untitled Trey Edward Shults film, with The Weeknd and Barry Keoghan costarring. She will star in Burton's fantasy film Beetlejuice 2, a sequel to Beetlejuice (1988). Ortega has also joined the cast of Alba, to be produced and distributed by A24, and Death of a Unicorn, a dark comedy costarring Paul Rudd. Ortega is set to reprise her role as Wednesday in the second season of Wednesday. She also became an executive producer, which she described as a "natural progression" since the first season was "naturally already very collaborative". To prepare for the second season, the team "wanted to get ahead of the curve and make sure that we could start the conversations earlier". Ortega helped oversee the costumes, characters, and scripts. Other ventures Ortega has used her platforms to promote support for immigrants and the LGBT community. Ortega supports Pride Over Prejudice, a campaign by DoSomething that advocates for immigrant and refugees. She is pro-immigration and anti-discrimination, and told Teen Vogue: "It's important to embrace your culture today because there are so many different ethnicities in America. At the end of the day, you are you. You've got to stay true to yourself, and you can't change yourself in order to fit in or to make someone else feel comfortable." Ortega is also an advocate for women's rights. In 2016, Ortega organized a meet and greet for fans to raise money for a young girl with cancer. In 2018, at the Radio Disney Music Awards, Ortega wore a jacket displaying the words "I Do Care And U Should Too" in response to first lady Melania Trump's apparel when she went to visit immigrant children who were being housed without their parents, which read "I Really Don't Care. Do U?". The stand gained significant media coverage. Of the action, Ortega told the Associated Press that Trump's apparel displayed "poor judgement" and "as first lady of the United States, she should [care about migrant children]". She later explained: "We should all care about each other and our country. ... We are one country under God." In 2019, Ortega appeared at numerous WE Day concerts across the U.S. and Canada to benefit WE Charity. In 2020, Ortega was named a brand ambassador for Neutrogena and was the face of its "My Quinceañera Journey" campaign. In 2023, she became an ambassador for Adidas and Dior. She was the face of the former's Adidas Sportswear, its first new line in 50 years, and one of the faces of the latter's #DareInGrisDior campaign. Artistry and media image Commenting on her off-screen persona, Who What Wear wrote in 2022 that Ortega is "poised, mature, and wise beyond her years" while providing "an essence of relatability". A 2023 Elle cover story described her as "naturally introverted". Megan Park, who directed Ortega in The Fallout, stated she has the knowledge of "when to give her all and when to hold back", explaining that "to have that understanding of herself as a performer at such a young age" is extremely rare. Burton compared her acting style to silent film acting, saying that she expresses emotion through her eyes and without words. In 2018, The Hollywood Reporter listed Ortega as one of "Hollywood's Top 30 Stars Under Age 18". The magazine dubbed her the "Next Big Thing" in 2022. Media publications have referred to Ortega as "Gen Z's scream queen". In 2023, MovieWeb ranked her among the best scream queens of all time. Ortega has been cited as a style icon. Ortega's initial red carpet style featured bright colors, patterned clothing, and many accessories. Her stylist, Enrique Melendez, dressed her in Red Valentino and Thom Browne, wanting her wardrobe to be age-appropriate, fashionable, and stylistically interesting. They later later tried to move away from the "feminine and flirty and frilly" style of other Disney actresses. Following her role in You, Ortega began wearing heavier makeup and darker clothing. Media publications observed that her later style borrowed from that of Wednesday while incorporating high fashion, and described it as goth glam. According to Vogue, her off-screen style has a "dark, gothic fashion sensibility". Ortega explained that playing Wednesday has "changed my taste a lot" and she has "a hard time getting her off of me, at least clothing-wise". Ortega is active on the social networking service Instagram. She has described social media as "a comparing game" and "very manipulative". Ortega stated she became fearful that her comments on social media could be misinterpreted following the release of Wednesday: "Because I naturally tend to be sarcastic or dry, it's very easy for me to find myself in trouble. ... [People] see your vulnerability and twist it in a way that you don't always expect." Influences Ortega was initially inspired to pursue acting after watching Dakota Fanning in the 2004 thriller film Man on Fire. Unable to understand "how someone so young could do something that would scare me so aggressively", Ortega analyzed the film several times and decided she wanted to be "the Puerto Rican version of her". She also admired Fanning's sister, Elle, and followed both of their careers as a child. As she matured, Ortega aspired to be "the female version" of Denzel Washington, who appeared alongside Fanning in Man on Fire. She also looks up to Rodriguez, and fellow Disney stars Selena Gomez and Zendaya. Ortega said she admires Rodriguez as they are both Latina actresses who struggled to break into the acting industry due to their lack of connections. In 2021, Ortega cited Riz Ahmed as a career role model, and praised his manner of speaking and activism, as well as his acting. Role choices Ortega has said that she feels taking more varied roles in acting is important to her, so as to not be typecast; she told Entertainment Tonight in 2021 that she did not want to be "pigeonholed as an actor", and that her desire to "do the most diverse roles that I possibly can and really switch up" made the transition to mature roles easier for her. She has said that horror works are what she feels most comfortable starring in, describing such projects as "very therapeutic": "You're screaming bloody murder ... so it's a way to excavate all the unnecessary, pent-up stress." In 2023, Ortega stated she is mindful of not "over-indexing on the gore scale" and feels "very conflicted" about her interests as there is "a part of me that always feels like the girl in the Coachella Valley". Personal life Ortega said she feels a sense of safety from her friends and family that help her deal with the more challenging parts of her career; she added that her family "keep my feet on the ground". Ortega believes that growing up in an industry dominated by adults accelerated her maturing process. Ortega stated she was vegan "for a really long time". She became pescatarian while filming Wednesday in Romania. In 2023, Ortega commented that she found the idea of romantic relationships stressful, possibly due to being preoccupied with her career; she remarked that thinking about "being that vulnerable with someone and having to get to know someone that well and having someone see you for all that you are" is not something she needs. Filmography Film Television Music videos "Chapstick" (2017), by Jacob Sartorius Awards and nominations Notes References External links 2002 births 21st-century American actresses Actresses from California American actresses of Mexican descent American actresses of Puerto Rican descent American child activists American child actresses American film actresses American television actresses American voice actresses Hispanic and Latino American actresses American LGBT rights activists Living people People from Palm Desert, California
晚上能否测孕？众所周知，很多女性在发现自己月经推迟后，都会第一时间到药店购买早早孕试纸或者验孕棒来确认自己是否真的怀孕了。测孕试纸是目前使用非常普通的测孕方式。一般在月经推迟一周左右，用晨尿都是可以测出是否受孕的。那么测孕纸晚上能测出来吗？现在的避孕手段越来越丰富，各种新颖的避孕方法和避孕工具都出现市场上。其中有一种区别于避孕套和避孕药的就是避孕试纸了。我们都知道有验孕试纸，至于这个避孕试纸怎么使用还需要我们再去了解一下。对于避孕试纸什么时候用这个问题，很多没有经验的女性以为在同房后任意时间都能够使用，但其实不然。一般来说避孕试纸测孕一般是在规律月经推迟7~10天后，才能被测试出来，换而言之一般来说是在同房后18天左右才能够用试纸测出来。另外由于并不是每个女性排放人绒毛膜促性腺激素的速度都是一样的，因此建议有疑问的女性能够咨询专业的医护人员后再使用。与此同时女性朋友需要知道的是，避孕试纸只能作为一种筛查方式，并不能过分依赖，如果对结果产生怀疑的，建议及时去正规的医院做抽血检查。一般情况下，测怀孕晚上的尿是可以用。但是，晚上尿液的浓度会比较低，验孕棒的检测结果会受到影响，可能不是很准确，因为在白天、晚上的时候人的活动量较多，喝水也很多，尿液排空比较快，尿液中的HCG浓度较低，所以晚上测试结果不是很准。但若是女性一定要用晚上的尿测怀孕，必须要保证尿液在膀胱中起码有憋了四个小时才能用来检测，这样尿液中HCG的浓度才会比较高些。女性测怀孕用早上的尿最佳，因为早早孕试纸或验孕棒检测的重要指标是胎盘中所分泌的特异性激素HCG，即人体绒毛促性腺激素。女性受孕之后，HCG进入尿液和血液中，但在怀孕早期，尿液中的HCG含量较低，不容易检测；而人处于睡眠状态的时候，尿液通过身体代谢浓缩，加之睡眠中激素分泌较多，所以，晨尿中的HCG浓度比其他任何时候都要高一些，检测早孕也就更准确。以上是晚上能否测孕的介绍，在备孕期间的女性都希望自己可以早日孕育一个可爱的小生命，所以要养成良好的生活和饮食习惯，多吃利于促进排卵的食物，由于有些女性朋友会有月经不规律的情况，若用尿液来检测是否怀孕可能不太可靠，因此，最好到正规的医院做一下血检来确认会更稳妥些。
治疗缺血性股骨头坏死需要多少钱？特发性股骨头坏死又称为缺血性股骨头坏死，是一种常见病，股骨头坏死的病因多种多样，但其共同的病理机制是骨组织缺血，这种理论认为，由于各种骨内、外致病因素引起骨组织营养血流减少、骨内血管网受压或流出静脉阻碍。出现缺血性股骨头坏死有什么症状？股骨头缺血性坏死的主要症状就是患者髋关节的疼痛，继续发展下去患者就会在静息、休息时也感受到疼痛。运动、行走后引起的疼痛属于早期股骨头缺血性坏死的症状，静息疼痛属于晚期的疼痛。部分患者的疼痛还会引起髋关节的功能障碍，甚至无法行走。如果确诊为缺血性股骨头坏死应该怎么治疗？一半费用是多少？治疗方针保守疗法无效可行手术治疗。手术治疗保留股骨头的治疗，钻孔减压主要用于早期无关节面塌陷的患者，是治疗股骨头坏死最简单的手术方法。植骨术因植骨前需先钻孔，故又称钻孔减压植骨术。手术方法众多，包括松质骨移植、皮质骨移植、带肌蒂骨移植、血管吻合骨移植及同种异体骨软骨移植。关节成形术，髋关节成形术包括金属杯关节成形术、关节表面置换术、股骨头置换术及全髋关节置换术。限制负重，主要适用于不宜手术治疗的患者，可先依靠手杖、腋杖等支具限制患肢负荷，直至临床有关节置换指征为止。皮牵引，牵引时应使患肢处于外展内旋位。这样既可缓解周围软组织的痉挛，又能增加髋臼对股骨头的包容量，使压力平均分布，避免应力集中而致股骨头坏死加重或塌陷变形。电刺激，电刺激有成骨作用，能促进骨折愈合，电刺激可作为缺血性坏死的独立治疗方法，也可作为手术辅助治疗。.减停激素，对正在服用糖皮质激素的风湿性疾病的患者，在可能的情况下，应换用其他西药或改用中医药治疗，同时在医嘱下逐渐减少激素的用量，以至最终停用。治疗费用不等，要根据治疗方案最终确定。
Evert Bloemsma (; 1958 – 22 April 2005) was a Dutch photographer, graphic designer, type designer, and art school educator. Early life and education Evert Bloemsma was born in 1958. He studied at the Academy for Fine Arts in Arnhem in the Netherlands. During this time, Bloemsma became fascinated by 'Swiss typography' (which is also referred to as the International Typographic Style internationally and 'functionalist' in The Netherlands). Typography FF Balance His first typeface was a sans serif. According to him, there was no place for serifs in the era of new technologies. However, his interest did not go to the typefaces that were characteristic of the International Typographic Style, Univers and Helvetica. Instead, he admired more non-conformist work of designers like Roger Excoffon, whose Antique Olive especially caught his eye. This typeface has two unusual features that Bloemsma also incorporated into his own typeface called Balance: it is heavy at the top – sturdier at the top than at the base – and it has an 'inverted stress', the horizontal strokes are heavier than the vertical strokes. This 'inverted stress' has the function of leading the eye along the lines of text, in a similar way as serifs do in serif typefaces. Bloemsma tried to sell the first version of Balance to several different type foundries, like Berthold, Linotype and Monotype. In 1986 he digitized the typeface with Ikarus M, a software system developed by his then employer URW in Hamburg. In 1992, the PostScript version of the typeface was finished and published as part of the FontFont library (FSI FontShop International) as FF Balance. FF Cocon For his second typeface, FF Cocon, he set out to eliminate every trace of handwriting, as he saw that even Helvetica and Univers contain traces of writing in their stems and terminals. Bloemsma soon realised that removing these elements was more complicated than he expected, as the results often looked unconvincing and unnatural. Finally, he allowed a calligraphic element into the typeface; he gave the terminals of the stems and extenders an asymmetric rounding. He thought that this treatment also had a practical function, similar to that of FF Balance's top-heavy letterforms; leading the eye forward along the line of text. FF Avance His third typeface, FF Avance, was quite a step for Bloemsma, as it was a serif typeface. He realised that serifs could help a typeface read more easily and thus enhance functionality. In this way, FF Avance was another effort into creating a typeface that leads the eye in a forward direction, this time realised by sturdy serifs that point to the left at the top, and to the right at the base of the characters. FF Legato His last typeface, FF Legato, is an examination of the traditional notion of diagonal contrast or stress, in this case removing the connection of writing with a broad-nib pen. In effect, Bloemsma made the shapes of the counters almost contradict the outside curves, resulting in more interesting and lively letterforms. Balance and Legato consist both from curved forms – none of the lines are straight – which can be seen as a tribute to his teacher Jan Vermeulen, whose adage ‘a straight line is a dead line’ was a guideline for Bloemsma throughout his type design career. Death Bloemsma died on 22 April 2005. References Jan Middendorp, Dutch Type, 010 Publishers, Rotterdam (2004) Dutch typographers and type designers People from Arnhem Dutch graphic designers 1958 births 2005 deaths
还没到月经期小腹疼痛是怎么回事？其实作为女性应该都知道我们每次来月经的时候小腹都有隐隐作痛的现象。一般来这说在月经期间小腹隐隐作痛是比较正常的现象，只要是不是过于严重。平时只要多注意休息就可以了，但是如果月经期还没到小腹隐隐作痛的话，就要引起注意了，这可能是由于一些别的原因造成的，要积极的去检查一下。肚子隐隐作痛月经没来可能是盆腔炎。盆腔炎是女性的常见疾病。主要和细菌感染，免疫力下降等因素有关。主要表现为下腹痛、阴道分泌物增多、性交痛等等。可以通过正规医院做b超来确诊。治疗盆腔炎主要是使用抗生素治疗。可以口服左氧氟沙星，妇炎康胶囊。盆腔炎一般合并有厌氧菌的感染，所以一般常规联合应用甲硝唑进行治疗。月经没来小腹隐隐作痛怎么办第一，首先看看自己的生理周期，如果离大姨妈的到来还很远，那就说明可能是单纯肚子疼等。这样过一会一般就好了，实在疼得厉害可能是肠胃阑尾等问题，需要去医院检查了。第二，如果发现正好过几天或者一星期就是生理周期了，那就不用怕，小腹痛是月经来的前兆，也算痛经，很多女生都有这情况。第三，如果是月经周期过了还没来，那就要警惕是否怀孕了，可以考虑是月经不调或者怀孕，建议一定要先检查清楚。第四，如果是单纯的痛经，这几天不要吃生冷食物，不要做剧烈运动。还可以用水热敷减少疼痛。但如果是其他问题，就一定要尽快到医院去检查，别拖，拖久了对身体绝没好处。如果是不到经期小腹阴则痛的话，一定要引起注意，这可能是一些别的原因造成的，造成这种现象的病因有很多，如果不及时的治疗，可能会引起比较严重的后果。出现这种现象，也可能是由于我们平时的饮食习惯造成的，所以要规范自己的饮食。
偏瘫步态常用矫治方法？偏瘫又叫半身不遂，是指同一侧上下肢、面肌和舌肌下部的运动障碍，是急性脑血管病的常见症状。轻度偏瘫病人虽然尚能活动，但走起路来，往往上肢屈曲，下肢伸直，瘫痪的下肢走一步划半个圈，这种特殊的走路姿势，叫做偏瘫步态。偏瘫的训练应该注意针对性的调养步法。建议平时应该注意适当的散步，也可以用针灸学，按摩方法治疗，或者或者用跑步机适当的走路训练。注意早中晚都应该适当运动一下，不能太劳疲倦，也不能太少，一般运动时20分钟到40分钟之间。心情舒畅很重要，适当的多吃蔬菜，通血管化瘀，注意血压。1.定期体格检查是预防中风、偏瘫的重要措施。对年龄40岁以上的人群，特别是有高血压、糖尿病或中风家族史的人，定期进行体格检查，及早发现及早治疗中风的危险因素，可以预防中风的发生。2.体育锻炼有助于偏瘫恢复；可以增强体质，提高抗病能力，延缓衰老；能够增强心脏功能，改善血管弹性，促进全身的血液循环，提高脑的血流量；能够降低血压，扩张血管，使血流加速，并能降低血液黏稠度和血小板聚集性，从而可以减少血栓形成；可以促进脂质代谢，提高血液中高密度脂蛋白的含量，从而可以预防动脉硬化。长期锻炼能降低体重，防止肥胖。因此，体育锻炼是预防偏瘫的一项重要措施。偏瘫步态的矫治方法要从病因上找，因为它发生主要是因为脑血管病，想要矫正首先就是治疗脑血管病，再看一下有没有感染的症状，治疗完毕应之后，再在康复科用康复治疗的方法每天进行锻炼，要坚持长期矫正才能看到效果,只有坚持下去才能达到好的效果
血栓性静脉炎的疾病概述是什么?？血栓性静脉炎 (thrombophlebitis) 包括血栓性浅静脉炎及深部血栓形成。常先有静脉内血栓形成以后发生静脉对血栓的炎性反应。其病因主要是血管壁的损伤（由外伤或静脉插管或输入刺激性液体所致）及静脉曲张引起的静脉内血液郁滞。该病的主要临床表现为沿静脉走行的红、肿、痛和明显的压痛，并可触及索状静脉；全身反应少见。下肢静脉的压力升高。静脉造影可显示阻塞的部位和程度。治疗原则主要是患肢休息并抬高超过心脏水平，必要时穿弹力袜或用弹性绷带包扎；可口服阿司匹林，有栓塞者应早期使用肝素。血栓性静脉炎是指静脉血管腔内急性非化脓性炎症的同时伴有血栓形成，是一种常见的血管血栓性疾病，病变主要累及四肢浅静脉和深静脉。血栓可以引起炎症，炎症也可以引起血栓，两者互为因果。浅静脉炎患者，患肢局部红肿，疼痛，行走时加重，可触及痛性索状硬条或串珠样结节。深部静脉炎患者，发病突然，患肢呈凹陷性肿胀，皮肤呈暗红色，有广泛的静脉努张或曲张以及毛细血管扩张；后期出现营养障碍性改变，伴有瘀积性皮炎、色素沉着或浅表性溃疡，股、胫周径较健肢粗1cm以上，行走时肿痛加重，静卧后减轻，静脉造影可见患肢深静脉血管狭窄或堵塞。
-{zh-cn:调试; zh-tw:除錯或偵錯;}-（）是发现和减少计算机程序或电子仪器设备中程序错误的一个过程。偵錯的基本步骤发现程序错误的存在。以隔离、消除的方式对错误进行定位。确定错误产生的原因。提出纠正错误的解决办法。对程序错误予以改正或重构，重新测试。参见程序设计程序错误软件测试白盒测试偵錯器解决问题除錯埠软件开发软件测试
花瓶頂是香港的山峰，頂高273米，位於大嶼山之東北，在大陰頂以東。花瓶頂之東坡直立著一尊狀如花瓶的巨石，故名花瓶石。大嶼山
Pete Sampras was the defending champion, but did not compete this year. Greg Rusedski won the title by defeating Mark Philippoussis 6–3, 7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–3) in the final. Seeds Draw Finals Top half Bottom half References External links Official results archive (ATP) Official results archive (ITF) 1997 ATP Tour Singles
The Tongue Rocks () are a small set of ice-free volcanic rocks lying between Eagle Island and Beak Island, off Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica. They are part of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group and were named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in association with Eagle and Beak Islands. References Rock formations of the Trinity Peninsula
鄭慧慈（）為臺灣女子籃球運動員，生於臺南市，就讀文元國小三年級和四年級時是練射箭，之後改打籃球，國中原先有要報考太子國中但沒成，在永仁國中騎腳踏車時被教練時超傑發掘而加入籃球隊。2017年4月鄭慧慈在國中籃球聯賽女子組冠軍賽以27分、18籃板、11阻攻的大三元表現助隊奪下冠軍，升上永仁高中第一年榮獲高中籃球聯賽新人-{后}-獎項，高中畢業後進入中國文化大學就讀，大一拿下大專籃球聯賽新人-{后}-頭銜。2022年7月鄭慧慈原要代表中華臺北參加三對三亞洲盃女籃賽，結果代表隊出發前一天確診COVID-19，由培訓隊當中的郭虹廷遞補鄭慧慈。參考資料外部連結 Hui 台南市人台灣女子籃球運動員臺南市北區文元國民小學校友永仁國中籃球隊球員中華台北青年女子籃球代表隊選手永仁高中籃球隊球員中華台北女子三對三籃球代表隊選手中國文化大學女子籃球隊球員國泰人壽女子籃球隊保留球員
Synchronous coefficient of drag alteration (SCODA) is a biotechnology method for purifying, separating and/or concentrating bio-molecules. SCODA has the ability to separate molecules whose mobility (or drag) can be altered in sync with a driving field. This technique has been primarily used for concentrating and purifying DNA, where DNA mobility changes with an applied electrophoretic field. Electrophoretic SCODA has also been demonstrated with RNA and proteins. Theory As shown below, the SCODA principle applies to any particle driven by a force field in which the particle's mobility is altered in sync with the driving field. SCODA principle For explanatory purposes consider an electrophoretic particle moving (driven) in an electric field. Let: (1) and (2) denote an electric field and the velocity of the particle in such a field. If is constant the time average of . If is not constant as a function of time and if has a frequency component proportional to the time average of need not be zero. Consider the following example: (3) Substituting (3) in (2) and computing the time average, , we obtain: (4) Thus, it is possible to have the particle experience a non-zero time average velocity, in other words, a net electrophoretic drift, even when the time average of the applied electric field is zero. Creation of focusing field geometry Consider a particle under a force field that has a velocity parallel to the field direction and a speed proportional to the square of the magnitude of the electric field (any other non-linearity can be employed): (5) The effective mobility of the particle (the relationship between small changes in drift velocity with respect to small changes in electric field ) can be expressed in Cartesian coordinates as: (6) (7) Combining (5), (6) and (7) we get: (8) (9) Further consider the field E is applied in a plane and it rotates counter-clockwise at angular frequency , such that the field components are: (10) (11) Substituting (10) and (11) in (8) and (9) and simplifying using trigonometric identities results in a sum of constant terms, sine and cosine, at angular frequency . The next calculations will be performed such that only the cosine terms at angular frequency will yield non-zero net drift velocity - therefore we need only evaluate these terms, which will be abbreviated and . The following is obtained: (12) (13) Let and take the form of a small quadrupole field of intensity that varies in a sinusoidal manner proportional to such that: (14) (15) Substituting (14) and (15) into (12) and (13) and taking the time average we obtain: (16) (17) which can be summarized in vector notation to: (18) Equation (18) shows that for all positions the time averaged velocity is in the direction toward the origin (concentrating the particles towards the origin), with speed proportional to the mobility coefficient k, the strength of the rotating field E and the strength of the perturbing quadrupole field . DNA concentration and purification DNA molecules are unique in that they are long, charged polymers which when in a separation medium, such as agarose gel, can exhibit highly non-linear velocity profiles in response to an electric field. As such, DNA is easily separated from other molecules that are not both charged and strongly non-linear, using SCODA DNA injection To perform SCODA concentration of DNA molecules, the sample must be embedded in the separation media (gel) in locations where the electrophoretic field is of optimal intensity. This initial translocation of the sample into the optimal concentration position is referred to as "injection". The optimal position is determined by the gel geometry and location of the SCODA driving electrodes. Initially the sample is located in a buffer solution in the sample chamber, adjacent to the concentration gel. Injection is achieved by the application of a controlled DC electrophoretic field across the sample chamber which results in all charged particles being transferred into the concentration gel. To obtain a good stacking of the sample (i.e. tight DNA band) multiple methods can be employed. One example is to exploit the conductivity ratio between the sample chamber buffer and the concentration gel buffer. If the sample chamber buffer has a low conductivity and the concentration gel buffer has a high conductivity this results in a sharp drop off in electric field at the gel-buffer interface which promotes stacking. DNA concentration Once the DNA is positioned optimally in the concentration gel the SCODA rotating fields are applied. The frequency of the fields can be tuned such that only specific DNA lengths are concentrated. To prevent boiling during the concentration stage due to Joule heating the separation medium may be actively cooled. It is also possible to reverse the phase of SCODA fields, so that molecules are de-focused. DNA purification As only particles that exhibit non-linear velocity experience the SCODA concentrating force, small charged particles that respond linearly to electrophoretic fields are not concentrated. These particles instead of spiraling towards the center of the SCODA gel orbit at a constant radius. If a weak DC field is superimposed on the SCODA rotating fields these particles will be "washed" off from the SCODA gel resulting in highly pure DNA remaining in the gel center. DNA extraction The SCODA DNA force results in the DNA sample concentrating in the center of the SCODA gel. To extract the DNA an extraction well can be pre-formed in the gel and filled with buffer. As the DNA does not experience non-linear mobility in buffer it accumulates in the extraction well. At the end of the concentration and purification stage the sample can then be pipetted out from this well. Applications High molecular weight DNA purification The electrophoretic SCODA force is gentle enough to maintain the integrity of high molecular weight DNA as it is concentrated towards the center of the SCODA gel. Depending on the length of the DNA in the sample different protocols can be used to concentrate DNA over 1 Mb in length. Contaminated DNA purification DNA concentration and purification has been achieved directly from tar sands samples resuspended in buffer using the SCODA technique. DNA sequencing was subsequently performed and tentatively over 200 distinct bacterial genomes have been identified. SCODA has also been used for purification of DNA from many other environmental sources. Sequence-specific The non-linear mobility of DNA in gel can be further controlled by embedding in the SCODA gel DNA oligonucleotides complementary to DNA fragments in the sample. This then results in highly specific non-linear velocities for the sample DNA that matches the gel-embedded DNA. This artificial specific non-linearity is then used to selectively concentrate only sequences of interest while rejecting all other DNA sequences in the sample. Over 1,000,000-fold enrichment of single nucleotide variants over wild-type have been demonstrated. An application of this technique is the detection of rare tumour-derived DNA (ctDNA) from blood samples. See also DNA extraction Ethanol precipitation Phenol-chloroform extraction Spin column-based purification References Biotechnology Laboratory techniques Molecular biology
Ellis Bevan (born 10 March 2000) is a Welsh rugby union player, currently playing for Pro14 side Cardiff Rugby. His preferred position is scrum-half. Cardiff Rugby Bevan signed for Cardiff during the 2020–21 season from Cardiff Metropolitan University. He made his Cardiff debut in Round 1 of the Pro14 Rainbow Cup against , scoring a try. References External links itsrugby.co.uk Profile 2000 births Living people Cardiff Rugby players English people of Welsh descent English rugby union players Rugby union players from Solihull Rugby union scrum-halves Welsh rugby union players
吸附百日咳、白喉、破伤风联合疫苗贮藏方法？2-8避光保存和运输，不可冻结。
盆腔积液1.5cm严重吗？盆腔积液与盆腔的炎症有关。盆腔积液就是盆腔存在炎性渗出物，可发生在子宫内膜发炎后，内膜组织肿胀的细胞中渗出的略黏稠的液体，被周围组织包裹所渐渐形成的囊性包块。如果不加以治疗的话，可以慢慢长大。太大了，药物就不能消除了，需要手术切掉。盆腔积液可以彻底治愈，但必须在查清致病菌的基础上，才能够有效治疗。除了女性因生理特点有正常的盆腔积液外，病理性的盆腔积液多是盆腔炎或子宫内膜异位症。一般情况下盆腔积液有生理性积液和病理性积液二种情况：部分正常妇女在月经期或排卵期会有少量血液聚积在盆腔，形成盆腔积液，称生理性盆腔积液。它证明妇女的输卵管是畅通的，输卵管少量渗出物会到盆腔，从而形成盆腔积液。这种积液多可自然消失，不必进行治疗。在临床上大多数妇女的盆腔积液是由于炎症引起，是盆腔存在炎性渗出物，应及早治疗。建议你在月经干净后3-7天做B超复查，明确积液的性质等，有异常应遵医嘱及早治疗。盆腔积液有生理性的和病理性的，如果量少，没有腹痛腰疼肛门坠胀，考虑生理性的，下次月经干净3天复查B超，一般可以减少或消失。如果积液多，有腹痛腰疼肛门坠胀考虑盆腔炎。生理性盆腔积液一般对健康没有什么影响，不需要治疗，不影响怀孕。病理性盆腔积液多数是由于妇科炎症引起的。一般经过治疗后也可以怀孕。有病理性盆腔积液你可以观察一下，你这应该问题，不严重，有可能是生理上的应该忌食辛辣刺激性食物，清淡饮食。祝您健康。盆腔积液若没有得到合适治疗，其危害性是较大的，容易导致盆腔粘连、输卵管堵塞等，导致不孕。
姜東昊（，），藝名白虎（）。2012年3月15日作為Pledis娛樂旗下首個男子團體NU'EST成員出道，擔任主唱。現為個人歌手。經歷出道前白虎曾學劍7年之久，具有海東劍道三段的實力，多次在各種大會上取得優秀成績。2012年初於出道曲《FACE》預告片中便曾展示其精湛劍術。 2010年，白虎成為Pledis娛樂旗下練習生，出道前多次出現在大眾面前。2011年5月，出演同屬Pledis娛樂的女子團體After School《Play Ur Love 》MV。同年6月，與JR於節目《大國民脫口秀-你好》中亮相數秒後，接連3日佔據娛樂新聞主版面，引起大眾關心。11月，以PLEDIS BOYS成員身分與After School一起登上Ceci雜誌，並於年末特別節目《SBS 歌謠大戰》上演出。 NU'EST 2012年3月15日，以男子團體NU'EST的成員之一出道，於團內擔任主唱。藝名白虎（BaekHo）由After School成員Uie命名，原因是白虎長相與日本漫畫《灌籃高手》中的主角櫻木花道（韓國譯名為강백호，羅馬拼音便是Kang BaekHo）相似。 2014年初，白虎發現聲帶異常，被診斷為，往醫院接受了治療。在觀察情況期間，醫生不建議白虎如期出席預定日程，並表示必須進行去除聲帶息肉和粘膜修復手術，於是，白虎自同年11月起暫停活動。 2015年3月，白虎重啟活動，參與NU'EST三周年粉絲見面會和日本巡迴演唱會。 2015年5月，曾因其父親的少數急性疾病發作而在社交媒體上發文請粉絲幫忙，並公開了父親的詳細情況及地址，希望有條件的粉絲能捐血幫助父親。月後，父親順利完成了首次治療，姜東昊再次發文感謝粉絲。近年，白虎對音樂製作產生興趣，開始學習作詞和作曲。2016年，白虎參與製作NU'EST第四張迷你專輯《Q is》以及同年8月發行的第五張迷你專輯《CANVAS》。2017年，白虎擔任同一經紀公司新推出女子團體Pristin出道專輯的音樂指導人之一，亦於分隊NU'EST W同年10月發行的首張迷你專輯《W,HERE》中參與多首歌目的詞曲創作。 PRODUCE 101 第二季 2017年2月，Pledis娛樂宣佈NU'EST暫停活動，其中4名成員包括白虎，將重返Pledis練習生的身份，並以本名姜東昊參加Mnet選秀節目《PRODUCE 101 第二季》。節目期間，在第四集的分組對抗比賽中，姜東昊以防彈少年團《Boy In Luv》第二組成員進行比賽，因對決的組別由擁有高人氣的練習生組成，姜東昊表示：即使輸了也希望留下引起「嗯？他們為什麼會輸？」這種議論的舞台。最終，雖然對決由另一組別得到更多在場觀眾投票而勝出，但第二組的表演獲得導師的稱讚以及網友給予的高評價，影片觀看次數亦大幅超越獲勝組別。當中，姜東昊憑藉充滿男子氣概的表演被網友冠以“性感山賊”之名。在第六集的定位比賽中，姜東昊因表演《Playing With Fire》再被網友稱為“放火性感”。在第九集的主題評價中，姜東昊積極協助同組組員周鶴年改善歌唱實力，滿有耐性的教導展示出其溫柔的一面。在該集表演的《Open Up》消音版中，以穩定的歌唱實力得到觀眾欣賞及認證。於2017年6月16日直播的最終回中，姜東昊排名第13名，無緣成為限定團體Wanna One中的11名成員之一。 PRODUCE 101 最終排名爭議姜東昊在PRODUCE101中一直以出色的唱功及男子漢般的外形與性格受到觀眾喜愛，排名亦多次維持在出道組內，但最終卻僅排名第13而錯失出道機會。節目組在最第二季最終結果出爐後在社交網站發佈了一張最終獲得出道機會的練習生照片，但照片上的練習生與決賽直播的最終出道名單並不相同。姜東昊、金Samuel及金鐘炫三人不位於最終出道名單中，但卻出現在該照片上。雖然節目組在不久後便刪除了照片，並聲稱工作人員發佈了錯誤的照片，觀眾皆猜測姜東昊等三人才是最終出道組的成員，可能遭到節目組調包，對三人感到惋惜且要求公佈真實的排名及真相。 2019年末，因為PRODUCE 第四季最終排名投票數引起大量中韓兩地觀眾懷疑，韓國檢方開始調查PRODUCE101系列，結果確認存在造假行為。該節目製作人安俊英坦承在共4季的節目中投票造假，並與監製金勇範將某些原出道成員調至淘汰。 2020年11月18日，首爾高等法院表示「經過詳細考慮後，決定公開受害練習生，但不公開涉嫌造假而獲利的練習生（原因是他們也屬於受害者之一，亦不希望他們被社會大眾視為節目組的代罪羔羊）」。公佈在4季節目中，共有12名練習生被換包。當中姜東昊於PRODUCE101 第二季第4輪投票（決賽）中被調包淘汰。 NU'EST再度爆紅節目終演後，Pledis娛樂表示除了最終排名第9成為Wanna One一員的黃旼炫因受合約限制未能合流NU'EST進行活動外，而NU’EST亦再度爆紅，其餘四名成員（JR、Aron、白虎、Ren）將以NU'EST W分隊形式於下半年開始回歸活動。在NU'EST W活動期間，白虎專注於音樂創作。在2017年6月曾被A某指控在2009年乘坐學院車途中被姜東昊性騷擾。警方經過長達約一年的調查，檢方對姜東昊相關的性騷擾嫌疑指控做出了「無嫌疑」的判定，證明了姜東昊的清白，亦判定了A某的指控是毫無根據的誣陷，Pledis娛樂也正式向A某作出起訴。被指控的期間，姜東昊的父親在同年7月3日離世。父親還未及時看到兒子的清白，亦未看到兒子在NU'EST重新爆紅後在演藝事業的發光，令姜東昊十分痛心。父親的離世再加上被網民在此期間的評擊，姜東昊最終注銷了Instagram及Twitter等個人社交媒體的帳號。在2018年6月，白虎以面具「大衛貝克漢」出演《蒙面歌王》，並晉級至第三輪競賽。在2019年姜東昊參加了叢林的法則-查塔姆群島篇，因出發前後的形象差異而受熱評，更被網友笑言姜東昊不再是性感山賊，而是真正的山賊。 2020年1月11日姜東昊在澳門百老匯舉行個人迷你演唱會《2020 NU’EST BAEKHO MINI CONCRETE “BAEKHO-liday” IN MACAU》 2021年3月30日，媒體揭露，白虎將正式加入創作音樂劇<太陽之歌>,並飾演Haram,將於4月2日第二次售票。。團體解散後發展在團體解散後，白虎決定留在Pledis娛樂，繼續以個人身分來活動。2022年5月21日參與前隊友ARON的生日見面會，與旼炫一起到場。同年6月14日，公布個人粉絲名稱為dono(도노)。同年7月15至17日一連三日舉行生日見面會Baekation，JR、ARON及旼炫均有到場支持。 2022年10月12日，為NUEST首位以SOLO歌手出道成員，發行專輯《Absolute Zero》，主打曲為《No Rules》。音樂作品迷你專輯單曲參與歌曲詞曲創作韓國音樂著作權協會之登記編號：姜東昊（10011993），51 首。未正式發行及登記媒體作品固定出演所屬團體之共同作品，請參閱 NU'EST影視作品列表#專屬節目綜藝節目所屬團體之共同作品，請參閱 NU'EST影視作品列表#綜藝節目嘉賓出演綜藝節目 {\| class="wikitable" width="70%" \|-style="background:#9E2B6E; color:white" align="center" \|日期 \|電視台 \|節目名稱 \| \|集數 \|- \|2023年7月1日 \|JTBC \|《R U Next?》 \| \|EP1 \|- 特別節目與活動參演音樂錄影帶戲劇電影雜誌畫報見面會註釋參考資料外部連結 NU'EST PLEDIS娛樂韓國男歌手 K K D
鼻咽癌的诊断检查方法？生活中不管出现什么样的疾病大家都是比较着急治疗的，治疗之前也一定要有正确的检查办法，才能够正确的判断病情，而对于鼻咽癌这种疾病的发生也是不例外的，因此大家都想更多了解关于鼻咽癌的检查方法，那么鼻咽癌的诊断检查方法?1.询问病史和肿瘤家族史。这种方法是筛查鼻咽癌最为简便和有效的方法。筛查对象主诉的一些症状以为临床医生提供重要的信息，使临床医生加强询问病史和家族史的重要性。特别应注意一些临床表现为鼻咽癌的危险信号，包括：①。鼻塞、涕血;②听觉不灵、耳鸣;③头疼、面部麻痹或疼痛;④应视;⑤颈部淋巴结肿大等等。有上述临床表现的对象应怀疑鼻咽癌的可能性。鼻咽癌家族成员患鼻咽癌的危险性显著高于正常人。特别是一级亲属间患鼻咽癌的危险性更高。2.鼻咽间接镜检查。鼻咽间接镜检查操作较简单，可以直接窥视鼻咽腔，对于诊断鼻咽癌和发现早期粘膜病变具有重要意义。对每个筛查对象都应争取做此检查。但此法要求检查者要有熟练操作技能和长期临床经验，以免判断失误。3.颈部淋巴结触诊。鼻咽癌晚期发生颈淋巴结转移的几率很高，通常高达60.3%-86.1%，且出现较早。并可发生在耳鼻症状出现以前，有11.05%的患者是以颈块为首发症状的。据统计，在鼻咽癌高发区，颈淋巴结肿大的患者约80%为肿瘤;其中约80%为恶性,在恶性肿瘤中又有约80%份为鼻咽癌。所以,筛查时应重视颈淋巴结的检查。颈部淋巴结触论，方法简单l病人无明显不适，且对妨查鼻咽癌病人具有重要意义。因此，对每个筛查对象都应进行此检查。
Patricia "Patty" Abramson (September 7, 1944 – August 26, 2019) was an American venture capitalist who co-founded the Women's Growth Capital Fund. Biography Abramson was born on September 7, 1944, in Pittsburgh but was raised in Philadelphia. She completed her bachelor's degree at Elmira College in 1966 and acquired a master's degree in journalism from American University in 1975. Abramson began her career as an account executive at Abramson Himelfarb. She later transitioned to the role of promotion director for the Sentinel Newspapers. In 1979, she joined Hager, Sharp & Abramson, a firm in Washington, D.C., eventually leading to the foundation of Abramson Communications in 1989. In 1997, Abramson established the Women's Growth Capital Fund, a venture capital fund dedicated to investing in women-owned businesses. This initiative was a response to challenges she faced in obtaining credit, even post the enactment of the 1974 Equal Credit Opportunity Act. The fund successfully attracted $8 million in venture capital in its inaugural year and achieved a designation from the U.S. Small Business Administration. Outside her business pursuits, Abramson was involved in various civic and professional organizations in Washington, including the Georgetown Day School and the Edlavitch Jewish Community Center. She was first married to David B. Abramson, which ended in divorce. Later, she married Les Silverman, a senior partner emeritus at McKinsey & Co. Abramson is survived by two daughters from her first marriage, a stepdaughter, a sister, and five grandchildren. References 1944 births 2019 deaths American venture capitalists People from Pittsburgh
非特异性肉芽肿性前列腺炎一定会癌变吗？非特异性肉芽肿性前列腺炎，又称为慢性纤维性巨细胞前列腺炎、组织细胞吞噬性瘤样增生、嗜伊红肉芽肿性前列腺炎、肉芽肿性前列腺炎。发病年龄多为50～69岁。非特异性肉芽肿性前列腺炎有两种形式：非嗜酸性和嗜酸性两类。尽管这种类型的前列腺炎在临床上不常见，但这种类型的前列腺炎直肠指诊时易与前列腺癌相混淆，所以要给予重视。非特异性肉芽肿性前列腺炎症状：83%的患者有严重的下尿路感染症状，如发热、寒战、尿频、尿道烧灼感、尿痛，偶见血尿、会阴痛、耻骨上不适。直肠指检：肉芽肿性前列腺炎肿块一般发展较快，结节较大，有弹性，不规则，软硬不一致。近期发生急性尿路感染，继而下尿路梗阻，同时前列腺迅速增大、变硬，出现硬结，血PSA可能升高，B超发现前列腺内低回声结节或前列腺增大、密度不均，应考虑到肉芽肿性前列腺炎的可能，需在B超引导下行前列腺穿刺活检以明确诊断。若无条件活检，可用抗生素或消炎药治疗观察，每2周行直肠指检1次，2个月后，1～2个月1次，直肠指检若硬结变小，其他正常，即可确诊。肉芽肿性前列腺炎的发病与局部强烈的异物反应有关。前列腺导管阻塞是首要因素，原因包括细菌感染引发的炎症过程或外科创伤造成的组织坏死，前列腺增生也可能造成或加重前列腺导管的梗阻。感染和炎症破坏导管和腺体上皮，细胞碎片、细菌毒素和前列腺分泌物进入组织间隙，成为基质内异物，激发肉芽肿性炎症反应。肉芽肿性炎症可能是局限的，也可能累及整个前列腺。炎症缓解慢，约需2～3个月的时间，局部被纤维结缔组织替代，质地发生变化。
Mellivory is a term for the eating of honey. Honey is a sweet and viscous substance created by some eusocial insects, notably bees, for consumption by members of their hives, especially their young. Honey is also consumed by many other animals including human beings, who have developed beekeeping to make supplies of honey both reliable and plentiful. Despite honey's limited antimicrobial properties (caused by the very high osmotic pressure of its concentrated sugars) it remains a food source for a variety of microorganisms. Etymology The word mellivory derives from the Latin , "honey", and -, "-eating". Nutrition Honey is a syrup composed of several simple sugars, primarily fructose and glucose. Wild honey also contains traces of bee larvae, adding fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals. In many environments honey is the single richest source of carbohydrates for the organisms that consume it. It has been suggested that the concentrated energy provided by honey is in part what allowed humans to evolve such large brains, as large brains are metabolically expensive. Honey also has limited antimicrobial properties. Mellivory by humans Food Over its history as a food the main uses of honey have lain in cooking, baking, confection, as a spread on bread, as an addition to various beverages such as tea, and as a sweetener in some commercial beverages. Due to its energy density, honey is an important food for virtually all hunter-gatherer cultures in warm climates, with the Hadza people ranking honey as their favorite food. Honey hunters in Africa have a mutualistic relationship with certain species of honeyguide birds. Fermentation Possibly the world's oldest fermented beverage, dating from 9,000 years ago, mead ("honey wine") is the alcoholic product made by adding yeast to honey-water must and fermenting it for weeks or months. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly used in modern mead production. Mead varieties include drinks called metheglin (with spices or herbs), melomel (with fruit juices, such as grape, specifically called pyment), hippocras (with cinnamon), and sack mead (with a high concentration of honey). Honey is also used to make mead beer, called "braggot". Traditional medicine Honey is a folk treatment for burns and other skin injuries. Preliminary evidence suggests that it aids in the healing of partial thickness burns 4–5 days faster than other dressings, and moderate evidence suggests that post-operative infections treated with honey heal faster and with fewer adverse events than with antiseptic and gauze. Honey has long been used as a topical antibiotic by practitioners of traditional and herbal medicine. In myths and folk medicine, honey was used both orally and topically to treat various ailments including gastric disturbances, ulcers, skin wounds, and skin burns by ancient Greeks and Egyptians, and in Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine. Honey is used in apitherapy as a form of alternative medicine. Religious consumption Humans consume honey as parts of some religions. In Judaism during Rosh Hashanah, apples are dipped in honey as a siman (symbol/omen) for a sweet new year. The custom is referenced neither in Tanach or the Talmud; one of its earliest mentions is in the interpolation of Rabbi Moses Isserless to the Shulchan Aruch, which he cites as a non-universal custom - unlike other Rosh Hashana simanim like beets and leek. Nevertheless, the custom has grown to become nearly universal. Some suggest the custom has different or more ancient origins; Dr. Jefferey Cohen suggests the custom is a reminder of the manna provided by God to the Israelites as sustenance while wandering through the desert for 40 years. In Hinduism, honey (Madhu) is one of the five elixirs of life (Panchamrita). In temples, honey is poured over the deities in a ritual called Madhu abhisheka. The Vedas and other ancient literature mention the use of honey as a great medicinal and health food. In Buddhism, honey plays an important role in the festival of Madhu Purnima, celebrated in India and Bangladesh. The day commemorates Buddha's making peace among his disciples by retreating into the wilderness. According to legend, while he was there a monkey brought him honey to eat. On Madhu Purnima, Buddhists remember this act by giving honey to monks. The monkey's gift is frequently depicted in Buddhist art. In Islam, according to the hadith, Muhammad strongly recommended honey for healing purposes. The Quran promotes honey as a nutritious and healthy food. Mellivory by nonhuman animals By invertebrates There are several species of insects that are considered pests in beekeeping. Notably, small hive beetles, the unaptly named bee louse (a species of fly), ants, wasps and wax moths such as Galleria mellonella and Achroia grisella cause damage by eating honey directly. Of course, bees themselves also feed honey to their larvae. Western honey bees will rob honey from other hives, as will yellowjacket wasps. In the Nomada genus, which is a genus of cleptoparasites, the female enters a beehive to deposit her eggs, and leaves. The offspring will eat the hive's resources and eventually leave themselves. By vertebrates Honey is eaten by several types of mammals, notably skunks, raccoons, opossums, bears, and honey badgers. Bears in particular are stereotyped as commonly attacking beehives, which does happen in nature. Bears are attracted to beehives for not just the honey, but also larvae and immature honey bees, which provide fat and protein. The Russian term for bear, literally "Honey Eater," reflects this. Honey badgers are also well known for raiding beehives and eating honey, and are named after this part of their diet. Honey and beeswax are also eaten by some birds, including honeyeaters and honeyguides, the latter of which are known to guide humans to bee colonies in order to partake in foraging mutualism. Mellivory by microorganisms Honey, despite having limited antimicrobial properties, is consumed by some microorganisms, particularly yeasts and spore-forming bacteria. Notable fungi found in honey are Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus proliferans, Aspergillus spelunceus, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Daldinia concentrica, Emericella discophora, Emericella qinqixianii, Penicillium corylophilum, Penicillium decumbens, Penicillium polonicum, and Penicillium echinulatum, while notable bacteria species are Debaryomyces hansenii, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Zygosaccharomyces mellis, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Cryptococcus uzbekistanensis. References Honey Animals by eating behaviors
王鎮（），字克安，諡康穆，南直隸應天府上元縣（今江蘇南京市）人，明朝軍事將領。生平成化初年，授金吾左衞指揮使。不久，因女兒升為憲宗純皇后，他因此拜中軍都督府同知。成化四年，進升為右都督。王鎮為人厚重清謹，雖身受榮寵，不改其樸素性情，被人稱有長者風範。成化十年六月去世，封瑞安侯。弘治六年，追封阜國公，諡康穆。有三個兒子王源、王清、王濬。參考明朝國公明朝都督諡康穆王姓
The Library Quarterly is a quarterly double-anonymous peer-reviewed academic journal covering library science, including historical, sociological, statistical, bibliographical, managerial, psychological, and educational aspects of the field. It is published by the University of Chicago and was established to fill a need for investigation and discussion set forth by the American Library Association in 1926. The editors are Paul T. Jaeger (University of Maryland, College Park), and Natalie Greene Taylor (University of South Florida), with associate editors Jane Garner (Charles Sturt University, Australia) and Shannon M. Oltmann (University of Kentucky). History The Library Quarterly was established in January 1931, the year that Lee Pierce Butler joined the University of Chicago Graduate Library School, which was where library science as the academic study of the relationship between books and users was originally conceived. Thus, its publication history parallels the existence of library science as a field of academic research. The emergence of a journal devoted expressly to research in library science was met with conflict in the discipline according to the journal's first editor, William M. Randall. The controversy revolved around whether research and scientific method was needed in the field. The Quarterly continued publication after the Graduate Library School closed in 1989. Howard W. Winger was managing editor from 1961 through 1972, in 1975, from 1980 through 1985 and from 1988 through 1989. More than 50 of his essays (particularly those on 16th-century printers' devices) appeared in The Library Quarterly. When editorship was taken over by Steven P. Harter in 1990 Winger wrote a history of the journal's editorial boards. In 2002 editor, John V. Richardson, analyzed the peer review process in place at Library Quarterly. A bibliometric analysis in 2006 on the 75th anniversary of the journal found that nearly 50% of the world's most cited library and information scientists were contributors. Until 2013, the covers of the journal featured emblems from booksellers or printers. Featured in every issue was a study of the particular emblem that focuses on the typographer, dealer, seller, and designer. As of 1975, 176 prints had been displayed on the journal's cover. The University of Florida libraries provide digital access to printers' devices, including those that appeared on the cover of The Library Quarterly. In 2004 The Library Quarterly went online, adding additional articles, content, and unique supplements. Online features also include most accessed and most cited articles. A new team of editors, Editorial Board, and a new Reviews Committee were added in 2016. References External links Index of The Library Quarterly covers, 1931 to date Quarterly journals Library science journals University of Chicago Press academic journals English-language journals Academic journals established in 1931 1931 establishments in Illinois
癌症病人是凉性体质还是热性体质呢？癌症（cancer）也称恶性肿瘤，和它相对的是良性肿瘤。癌症是由于机体细胞失去正常调控，过度增殖而引起的疾病。过度增殖的细胞称癌细胞，癌细胞常可侵犯周围组织（浸润，invasion），甚至可经体内循环系统和/或淋巴系统转移到身体其他部分（癌症转移）。癌症有许多类型，而病症的严重程度取决于癌细胞所在部位、恶性程度及是否发生转移。一旦确诊，常以结合手术、化疗和放疗的方式进行治疗。如果癌症未经治疗，通常最终结果将导致死亡。身体表浅部位出现异常肿块∶恶性淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌、甲状腺癌、乳腺癌等可出现;体表黑痣或疣色泽改变和增大∶见于恶性黑色素瘤;。吞咽困难，胸骨后不适感∶见于食管癌;持续性声嘶、干咳、痰中带血∶喉癌或肺癌可出现;消瘦、贫血、大便习惯改变、大便带血或粘液∶提示大肠癌。头痛、耳鸣、听力下降、鼻咽分泌物带血∶提示鼻咽癌。皮肤粘膜溃疡不愈∶提示皮肤癌。无痛性血尿∶可能是肾癌、膀胱癌。不规则阴道出血∶宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌可出现;不明原因的发热∶可能是白血病、恶性淋巴瘤、肾癌等。癌症病人的体质一般是热性的，会出现五心烦热烦热、低热盗汗等，早期争取手术,术后服用中药巩固疗效,中晚期癌细胞多已转移,仅手术切除局部病灶是无用的,应该服用中药进行全面调理,活血化瘀,软坚散结,滋阴润肺,增强免疫力,抑制癌细胞生长扩散的。平时多注意饮食，少吃辛辣食物。多吃水果和菜，有什么症状需要到医院检查治疗。
盧米埃爾峰（Lumière Peak），是南極洲的山峰，位於葛拉漢地西岸的丹科海岸，處於圖森角東南面6公里，海拔高度1,065米，由讓-巴蒂斯特·夏古率領的法國探險隊發現，現時由南極條約體系管理。參考資料南極洲山峰
外阴瘙痒白带发黄咋回事？在生活中，经常会有一些女性出现白带发黄和外阴瘙痒的症状，很多女性都不以为然，认为过几天就会完全康复。而实际上，很多妇科疾病都会出现这种症状，最常见的便是各种类型的阴道炎。所以女性在出现这种症状时，一定要及时就医治疗。在生活中，很多女性都有外阴瘙痒和白带发黄的困扰。有些女性会觉得这只是普通的不适症状，不需要进行治疗。也有些女性则极其恐慌，担心身体会受到更严重的伤害。面对这种情况，就需要引起足够的重视，先找到造成这种病症的原因，才能将身体治愈。很多女性为了追求美丽动人都会穿着化纤材质的紧身内裤，甚至带有质地比较硬的蕾丝装饰。也有一些女性喜欢修身的长裤，在正式着装中经常穿紧身长裤。这两种衣物的共同点就是将身体紧紧的包裹住，骚正外阴部位不透气。在这样的情况下，女性的私处就很容易滋生各种细菌，导致瘙痒，黄色白色等病症的出现。这是女性常见的阴道炎之一，当患者出现白带变黄和外阴瘙痒的问题时，就可能出现了滴虫性阴道炎。在患病初期，患者一般只出现这两种症状，随着病情的加重，白带的质地和气味也会出现异常，使患者散发出轻微的臭味。日过患者仍旧不采取措施，就可能传染给配偶，甚至引发更加严重的疾病。这种疾病主要是患者阴道内感染了霉菌所致。在患病初期，患者会出现瘙痒，白带变黄等症状，在患病后期，还会增加其他身体不适症状。如果患者在初期能够及时的治疗，简单的阴道上药就足以解决这些问题。女性出现白带发黄并伴有外阴瘙痒时身体可能出现的问题，患者在此时应该及时的排查是否穿衣不当，如果不存在这类问题，则应该进行相应的妇科检查，才能彻底解决这个问题。另外，女性应通过保持个人卫生，避免在公共场所与病菌接触，避免不洁净的性生活等措施来预防此类问题的发生。
The Nikkan Sports Film Award for Best Actress is an award given at the Nikkan Sports Film Award. List of winners References External links Nikkan Sports Film Awards on IMDb Awards established in 1988 Japanese film awards Recurring events established in 1988 1988 establishments in Japan Nikkan Sports Film Award Lists of films by award Film awards for lead actress
炎症外痔疮是什么？现在痔疮其实是分为挺多种，而且现在大部分人都带有痔疮的情况，所以说如果得了炎性外痔疮，那么也不要伤心，不要丧气，这种痔疮是一种比较好治疗的痔疮，它与普通的痔疮最大的不同，是它带有一定的炎症。那么，炎症外痔疮是什么呢？炎性外痔疮是外痔的一种，常是由于肛缘皮肤受到严重损伤和外来细菌感染引起的，很多表现为肛门疼痛，在大便时疼痛加剧和大便出血等，而且肛门口还伴有少量的分泌物，局部检查后肛周围还有肿物色红充血的情况，触碰还会有疼痛感。炎性外痔治疗原则是炎性外痔在急性炎症期不能手术，必须待炎症消退、缓解后才能考虑手术治疗。药物治疗即可治愈，如服用消炎止痛药物，适当休息。在发病24小时内炎性外痔肿块适宜冷敷，24小时以后改为热敷；也可用热水、中药薰洗，如荔枝草，鱼腥草，虎杖，生大黄，黄柏等中草药煎水坐浴，坐浴每天两次；或用药膏外敷，使炎症消退。对于频繁发作者，并且影响工作和生活质量者，建议手术治疗，手术必须待炎症消退后才能考虑手术治疗，其治疗方法与结缔组织外痔相同。炎症外痔疮患者的饮食宜清淡，忌烟酒，少食辛辣、煎炒、油炸等不易消化和刺激性食物，多食水果、蔬菜和富含纤维素的食品，尤其是香蕉、蜂蜜类润肠通便食物。每天早上起来的时候喝一杯白开水，以促进肠蠕动。如果大便干燥的情况下，可以适当服用润肠通便的药物。综上所述，为了预方外痔，要养成定时排便的习惯，积极预防便秘，保持肛门的清洁，内裤勤换洗。预防引发炎性外痔的其他肛肠疾病，比如肛裂、肛窦炎、内痔等等。另外，晨起参加多种体育活动，如跑步、做操、打太极拳等可以提高人体免疫力、促进胃肠蠕动，有效的预防便秘。
《御飯糰》（日語：），為日本NHK電視台預計於2024年10月起播出的第111部晨間劇，由NHK大阪放送局（BK局）拍攝製作，由橋本環奈主演。企劃與製作「人是由食物構成的，食物將改變未來。」故事敘述出生於經營農業家庭的福岡縣絲島的女主角小結，小的時候在充滿愛和幸福開朗的環境下成長，但其實有很複雜的狀況正等著小結一家，直到高中畢業後，因為發生了一件事情，讓她體會到幫助別人的快樂是什麼滋味，「她」立志要成為健康管理的營養師，用飲食知識及溝通能力來解決現代人的問題，於是小結就搬遷到神戶去，然後又搬遷到大阪，開啟小結邁向營養師的職業生涯。本劇標題「御飯糰」是女主角米田結小時候的暱稱，但她自己是不喜歡這個暱稱的。2023年8月9日公布製作相關事宜，也是NHK大阪放送局繼第107作晨間劇《飛舞吧！》後再一次以平成時代為時空背景的晨間劇作品，同時也宣布女主角由故事背景地 - 福岡縣出生的橋本環奈飾演，本次女主角人選決定亦未經徵選程序由製作人欽點演出。登場人物主角米田結：橋本環奈本劇主角。製作團隊編劇：製作人：管原浩製作統籌：宇佐川隆史、真鍋齋參考資料外部連結 2024年開播的日本電視劇集連續電視小說日語電視劇飲食題材電視劇平成時代背景作品女性題材電視節目福岡縣背景作品兵庫縣背景作品神戶市背景作品大阪府背景作品营养师
Ney is a surname which may refer to: Arts and entertainment Alexander Ney (born 1939), American painter and sculptor Casimir Ney, pseudonym of French composer and violinist Louis-Casimir Escoffier (1801–1877) Elisabet Ney (1833–1907), German-American sculptor Elly Ney (1882–1968), German pianist Francisco de Paula Ney (1858–1897), Brazilian poet and journalist Marie Ney (1895–1981), British actress Nora Ney, Brazilian singer born Iracema de Sousa Ferreira (1922–2003) Richard Ney (1916–2004), American actor and investment counselor Politics and military Bob Ney (born 1954), former U.S. Congressman convicted of corruption Camille Ney (1919–1984), Luxembourgian politician Frank Ney (1919–1992), Canadian politician Hubert Ney (1892–1984), German politician, Minister-President of Saarland Michel Ney (1769–1815), Marshal of France under Napoleon Napoléon Joseph Ney, 2nd Prince de la Moskowa (1803–1857), French politician, elder son of Michel Ney Other Edward P. Ney (1920–1996), American physicist Martin Ney (born 1970), German serial killer Rick Ney (born 1961), retired American professional darts player
睾丸偶尔变硬怎么回事？对男性朋友来说首先建议大家在生活当中，一定要充分关注自己的生殖器官健康，因为生殖器官疾病最近几年来出现的几率很高，绝大多数严重案例都是由于男性朋友自己不引起重视所导致的。这种情况很多男性朋友常常会发现。无论是由于什么原因造成的这种情况，都要立即就医，而不是盲目用药。睾丸有点硬的原因是什么首先导致这种情况出现最直接的原因，建议男性朋友们一定要注意，可能是由于睾丸肿块所导致的，最常见的就是睾丸囊肿。那么造成这种情况发生的直接因素就是睾丸炎，虽然很多男性朋友表示，睾丸炎是可以适当用药就得到缓解的疾病，当然这对于程度很轻的疾病来说是比较明显的。但是如果睾丸炎的情况比较严重，那么就可能导致疾病持续发作，严重的甚至会造成睾丸萎缩。还有一种情况是男性朋友本身患有前列腺疾病，但是在发生初期，男性朋友们也依旧没有引起重视，这种情况下不仅可能导致疾病持续，同时还可能损伤到男性睾丸，诱发一系列的男科疾病出现。这两种情况出现以后，对于生殖健康来说就已经非常不利了，因此我们还是要第一时间就诊，并且根据医生的诊疗和建议来合理用药。需要大家注意的是，这种情况发生以后，最直接的因素就是睾丸肿块，所以建议大家还是要相信医嘱。不能忽略的问题是，很多男性朋友其实在睾丸发育之前，就会感觉到睾丸可能出现一定的疼痛感，这种疼痛感带来的伤害也是比较大的。我们不要盲目认为是发生的碰撞所造成的，还是应当在疼痛持续的过程当中及时就诊。
A list of members of the Løgting from 1994 to 1998. The Løgting had 32 members this period. Members of the Løgting References Løgtingið 150 – Hátíðarrit, vol. 2 (2002). (PDF) 1994 1994 in the Faroe Islands 1995 in the Faroe Islands 1996 in the Faroe Islands 1997 in the Faroe Islands 1998 in the Faroe Islands 1994–1998
检查妇科病去武汉哪个医院好？妇科病包括妇科炎症，像阴道炎、宫颈炎、子宫内膜炎、盆腔炎；妇科肿瘤，像良性肿瘤、恶性肿瘤，比如良性肿瘤是子宫肌瘤，恶性肿瘤是卵巢癌等；月经失调，比如月经量多或者月经量少等。还有不孕不育的疾病，在临床上如果结婚一年夫妻正常生活在一起没有怀孕，需要去医院做相关的检查，了解引起不孕不育的原因。另外，妇科病还包括生殖器发育畸形，比如外阴发育畸形、阴道畸形以及子宫发育，在临床上都需要给予相应的处理。不同种类的不同疾病治疗方式不同。女性生殖系统的疾病即为妇科疾病，包括外阴疾病、阴道疾病、子宫疾病、输卵管疾病、卵巢疾病等。妇科疾病是女性的常见病、多发病。妇科炎症、良性功能性子宫出血等主要以药物治疗为主；妇科肿瘤、子宫内膜异位症等主要以手术治疗为主；不孕不育则需采用辅助生殖技术或特殊手术方式来解决。妇科疾病的治疗在临床上要根据不同的疾病才能给予不同的治疗，妇科病包括了妇科炎症、妇科肿瘤、月经失调、滋养细胞肿瘤、不孕不育、子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病，另外还有生殖器发育异常以及生殖器的损伤、计划生育等等都属于妇科疾病。治疗上如果是炎症，要给予抗炎治疗，如果是肿瘤需要手术切除。如果是月经失调，需要化验以后根据结果再给予调理月经。如果是子宫发育畸形，比如纵隔子宫，可以宫腔镜下做手术治疗。如果是子宫内膜异位症，可以上曼月乐环，也可以口服药物治疗。不孕不育要详细检查，根据病因才能进行相应的治疗。所以妇科病的治疗一定查清什么疾病，然后才能做相应的治疗。检查妇科病可以选择当地正规医院和三甲医院。
安德烈·伯尔布列斯库（，），罗马尼亚男子足球运动员，司职中场。他曾代表罗马尼亚国家队参加1938年国际足联世界杯，结果队伍止步十六强。参考资料足球中場羅馬尼亞國家足球隊球員罗马尼亚男子足球运动员 1938年世界盃足球賽球員羅甲球員
Gilmore Avenue, formerly known as Gilmore Street, is a two-lane, one-way road in Quezon City, Metro Manila, the Philippines. It runs one-way from Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. Avenue in New Manila and terminates at Nicanor Domingo Street in Valencia, continuing on as the two-way Granada Street until it reaches the city border with San Juan, where it becomes Ortigas Avenue. The road is named for Eugene Allen Gilmore, Vice Governor-General of the Philippines from 1922 to 1929 who twice served as acting Governor-General. The road is well known as a major IT hub for the number of computer retail shops located at its intersection with Aurora Boulevard. History Gilmore Avenue was originally named and constructed sometime before 1943 as Governor Gilmore Street, serving as one of four north-south thoroughfares for the New Manila Subdivisions established a few decades prior. It served as a one-way southbound counterpart to the one-way northbound Pacific Avenue (now Doña Hemady Avenue), which was originally named as a reference to America’s successful acquisition of the Pacific Rim islands that included the Philippines during the Spanish–American War in 1898. South of the New Manila area, new subdivisions and a shopping center were being developed in what would become the Greenhills area in the municipality of San Juan del Monte, Rizal (now San Juan City, Metro Manila) in the 1960s and 1970s, and so the road became known as a passageway for motorists to Greenhills and Ortigas Avenue itself. Commercial development In the 1990s, the Greenhills Shopping Center became known as a hub for computer parts and accessories at affordable prices for computer hobbyists and IT enthusiasts alike until the computer boom in the 1990s made computers mainstream and increased the demand for computer retail markets. As the Greenhills Shopping Center had become too crowded for the increasing demand of the computer boom, a computer retail store owner in 1997 decided to set up shop along the once-desolate Gilmore Avenue. According to local computer retailer PC Options, the business was the first computer retail store to open in the area, claiming that contrary to popular belief, the "PC" in the name does not actually refer to personal computers, but rather, coincidentally was the initials of the shop's founder and owner. As the area was being developed commercially, PC Options became popular for pioneering the do-it-yourself concept for computer customizations in the local market, serving as the catalyst for other computer retail shops to open in the area. As several computer shops in Greenhills had to close down due to renovations at the shopping center itself, Gilmore became established as a major IT hub in Metro Manila, with the Gilmore name becoming synonymous to computer retail. No-contact apprehension controversy On July 1, 2022, the Quezon City government began fully implementing its No Contact Apprehension Policy on several major roads in the city. As a result, closed-circuit television cameras were installed along the intersection of E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue and Gilmore Avenue. However, the policy has been criticized by motorists due to the unclear directives on the proper way to navigate the intersection correctly. In particular, motorists complained on social media after they were ticketed for turning "in the wrong lane" towards Gilmore Avenue, where the rightmost lane along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue is cut in half by Quezon City's bike lane network. Route description Gilmore Avenue is a major thoroughfare that acts as a southbound corridor for connecting the neighborhoods of New Manila and the neighborhood and commercial area along Tomas Morato Avenue to Ortigas Avenue, the cities of San Juan and Mandaluyong, and the Greenhills Shopping Center. The segment of the road from Aurora Boulevard to N. Domingo Street has a single Class II paint-separated one-way bike lane as part of the national government's Metropolitan Bike Lane Network, connecting the bike lanes along Aurora Boulevard and Granada Street. Its segment within New Manila from E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue to Aurora Boulevard is notorious for many vehicular accidents, with an average of 0.1 to 0.3 accidents per day and 91.9 accidents a year. Many of these accidents are attributed towards overspeeding, improper overtaking, and disregarding of traffic signs as a result of the wide single-direction lane width, and due to poor visibility during night time. Landmarks Computer and IT hub The Aurora Boulevard intersection of Gilmore Avenue is a popular hub for IT-related products and services for computers and related components. Both the southern corners of Gilmore Avenue and Aurora Boulevard are filled with stores selling different kinds of computers and their accessories, both secondhand and brand-new. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, computer retail stores in the area reported a five-fold increase in demand for laptops and computers due to remote work and distance education arrangements. Nearby transport Bus Route 11 (Gilmore-Taytay) serves the commercialized section of Gilmore Avenue, with its northern namesake terminus being located at the intersection of Gilmore Avenue and Nicanor Domingo Street. It is also served by Bus Route 10 (Doroteo Jose-Cubao), which stops at the intersection of Gilmore Avenue and Aurora Boulevard Route 6 (Quezon City Hall-Gilmore) of the Quezon City Bus Service has a stop in the Gilmore commercial area and a terminal at the nearby Robinsons Magnolia along Doña Hemady Avenue. The nearest mass transport station from Gilmore Avenue is the Gilmore station of the Manila LRT Line 2, which was named after the road itself, and the future N. Domingo station of the MRT-4 monorail line. The segment of Gilmore Avenue from Aurora Boulevard to Nicanor Domingo Street also contains a one-way partially-protected bike lane, linking the bike lane network along Aurora Boulevard and Granada Street. References Streets in Quezon City Bike lanes in Metro Manila
前列舒丸药理作用？l 具有抗炎作用。前列舒乐颗粒对巴豆油所致耳肿胀及醋酸所致腹腔毛细血管通透性增高有抑制作用。? 2 具有镇痛作用。前列舒乐颗粒能抑制醋酸所致扭体反应。 3?具有增强免疫功能作用。前列舒乐颗粒能增加脾脏指数和胸腺指数，增强腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能，能促进溶血空斑细胞形成。
Maurice Le Noblet Duplessis (; April 20, 1890 – September 7, 1959), byname "Le Chef" ("The Boss"), was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 16th premier of Quebec. A conservative, nationalist, populist, anti-communist, anti-unionist and fervent Catholic, Duplessis and his party, the Union Nationale, dominated provincial politics from the 1930s to the 1950s. He is the longest-serving premier of Quebec since Confederation by cumulative time of service, having led the province for 18 years. Son of Nérée Duplessis, a lawyer who served as a Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA), Maurice studied law in Montreal and became a member of the Bar of Quebec in 1913. He then returned to his home town of Trois-Rivières, where he founded a successful legal consultancy. Duplessis narrowly lost his first campaign for the Trois-Rivières seat in the 1923 election, but managed to get elected in 1927 as a Conservative MLA. His rhetorical skills helped him become the leader of the Official Opposition in the Legislative Assembly in 1933 in the place of Camillien Houde. As opposition leader, he agreed to a coalition with Paul Gouin's Action libérale nationale (ALN), which they called the Union Nationale. It lost in 1935 but gained a majority the following year as Gouin retired from politics and Duplessis took over the leadership, thus breaking almost 40 years of uninterrupted rule by the Quebec Liberal Party. In addition to his premiership duties, Duplessis assigned himself the role of Attorney General and briefly held other ministerial posts as well. The first three years in government were difficult for Duplessis as the government struggled to respond to the ongoing hardships of the Great Depression. That term saw the introduction of several key welfare policies (such as the universal minimum wage and old-age pensions), but the effort to strengthen his rule by calling a snap election in 1939 failed as his campaigning on the issue of World War II backfired and his government left the economy in a poor state. However, the Conscription Crisis of 1944 propelled him back to power in that year's election. Duplessis then served as premier until his death. As was the general trend of the time, he presided over a period of robust economic growth due to the rising demand in resources, which the province used to develop Côte-Nord and rural areas. Duplessis was a strong proponent of economic liberalism and implemented pro-business policies by keeping taxes low, refraining from regulation and adopting pro-employer labour policies, in particular by cracking down on trade unions. "Le Chef" usually met the federal government's initiatives with strong resistance due to his convictions on provincial autonomy. In the social domain, Duplessis maintained and protected the traditional role of the Catholic Church in Quebec's society, notably in healthcare and education. He was ruthless to the perceived enemies of the Church or of the Catholic nature of the province, such as Jehovah's Witnesses, whom he harassed using his government's apparatus. Communists were persecuted under the Padlock Law, which Duplessis authored in 1937. Duplessis's legacy remains controversial more than 60 years after his death. Compared to the Anglophones, the French Canadians remained worse off in the province where they constituted a majority just as his government was courting Anglophone and out-of-province businessmen to invest. This clientelist relationship with the business spheres often morphed into outright corruption. "Le Chef"'s authoritarian inclinations, his all-powerful electoral machine, staunch conservatism, a cozy relationship with the Catholic Church, the mistreatment of Duplessis Orphans and the apparent backwardness of his model of development were also subject of criticism. Thus his critics labelled the period the Grande Noirceur (Great Darkness), which stuck in Quebec's society in a large degree thanks to the efforts of those who led the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s. This was also the initial general opinion of historians and intellectuals, but since the 1990s, academics have revisited Duplessism and concluded that this assessment required nuancing and placement in the contemporary perspective and, in some cases, advocated outright rejection of that label. Biography Early life Family Maurice Le Noblet Duplessis was born on April 20, 1890, in Trois-Rivières to a religious family that was quite wealthy. He was the second child and only son of Nérée Le Noblet Duplessis, a Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec (MLA) for Saint-Maurice. Maurice's father, who came from a family of peasants residing in nearby Yamachiche, was a kind but busy man and spent little time with the family, which was typical at the time. Two of Nérée's sisters married politicians who would also sit in the Legislative Assembly. Maurice's mother was Berthe Genest, who had Scottish and Irish origins on her maternal side. The family of the future premier was well-disposed to Anglophones; Duplessis would even joke that he was "one of them". At the end of the 19th century, the Duplessis family of Trois-Rivières was active in the political and religious life of the region, and the members of the family could often be found among conservative and ultramontanist sympathizers, with whom they would often debate current political events. Some of the influential figures of the time, including Louis-Olivier Taillon, Edmund James Flynn, Joseph-Mathias Tellier, Louis-Philippe Pelletier and Thomas Chapais, could be found there. Moreover, Maurice's father, a deeply pious person, maintained close relations with Louis-François Richer Laflèche, the bishop of the Diocese of Trois-Rivières, where he worked as legal counsel. The bishop supported his electoral bid for the Saint-Maurice seat in 1886, which Nérée won. Maurice was born during his father's reelection campaign, who chose to name his son for the electoral district he was the MLA for. The newborn boy was then baptized by Laflèche himself. Studies In 1898, Duplessis left his home city to study at the Collège Notre-Dame in Montreal, which was run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. There he met André Bessette (better known as Brother André), then porter of the college. He came to like young Duplessis and handed him over the task of finding students whom the rector wished to see. The relationship was so close that it was then that Duplessis developed the cult of Saint Joseph, which he carried for the rest of his life and which sometimes would influence his political choices. The future premier was a bright student, excelling in French, history, Latin and philosophy; at the same time, he was known to be playful and sometimes mischievous (a "scamp", as Conrad Black suggests), which would often lead Duplessis into trouble. In 1902, Duplessis moved to the Séminaire de Trois-Rivières in order to pursue his study in a classical college. Maurice continued to excel in other subjects, including history, theology, Latin and Greek, which helped him become the best student in his year. In particular, he sharpened his rhetorical skills while attending the debate club at the college's Saint Thomas Aquinas Society. Maurice would, as Conrad Black wrote, "enjoy, almost wallow in, extravagant but thin treatises on the founders of French Canada", where he would show his attachment to and admiration of his roots, the rural lifestyle and the Catholic faith. He was especially fond of Louis Hébert, one of the first colonizers of the New France and a pioneer of farming in the area. Duplessis's interest for politics appeared at a very young age. As early as at the age of ten, Maurice expressed strong interest in the electoral statistics of Quebec, and later in his adolescence, he was already engaging in political meetings and was speaking with the voters. The future premier was preparing for public life by working for a political organization of Joseph-Arthur Barrette, a Conservative serving as member of Parliament for Berthier. Duplessis understood from that experience that he preferred the practical aspects of politics rather than the theory. When finishing school, Maurice Duplessis was thinking of either further engaging in public life or becoming a priest in the Catholic Church. Even though the clerical career was typical of the young people like Duplessis and it would give him influence, Maurice ultimately rejected the priesthood as he thought that this job bore too many constraints. He would later confide to his secretary that "sacerdocy [was] too much for me." He was not interested in becoming a businessman, either, because at that time English Canadians had much better conditions for pursuing that path. Thus, in autumn of 1910, he enrolled in the faculty of law at the Université Laval in Montreal, which is now a separate university called Université de Montréal. Finishing law school was then a standard way to get into politics. In parallel to his studies, he trained in the offices of Rodolphe Monty et Alfred Duranleau, two nationalist conservatives and friends of Duplessis's family, where Maurice was referred to by his father. While studying, he was noted for his liveliness, sharp responses and socializing. Duplessis, sitting in the opposition, was a local star within the model parliament organized by the university. Outside his field of studies and political engagement, he followed professional baseball standings and occasionally went to opera, but that was where his hobbies ended. Entry into politics Law practice After three years of studies, Duplessis was admitted to the Bar of Quebec in September 1913. Maurice returned to his home town to practice law at the , whose member he would stay until his death. He first worked together with his father, but this was cut short as on June 15, 1914, Nérée was nominated as judge of the Superior Court of Quebec. The future Premier then opened his own consultancy, Duplessis, Langlois & Lamothe, Avocats et Procureurs, on Hart Street, behind his parents' house. Langlois was an old friend of his from the Séminaire who became husband of Duplessis's sister, Gabrielle. Together with another lawyer from Trois-Rivières, Léon Lamothe, they formed a partnership which lasted well into the 1930s. Duplessis did not serve in the Canadian Armed Forces during World War I as he was exempt from conscription. Practising civil law more than criminal law, Duplessis developed a large client base among the ordinary people, who were attracted due to his arguments in court that often proved persuasive. He was quickly recognized as a sociable and competent lawyer who approached his cases carefully, and thus became a popular figure in the town. The young lawyer engaged in various activities of his area, notably directing of a local baseball team, and became a fixture in high-end taverns of his town. His professional success, briefly interrupted by the death of his mother in 1921, let him buy a personal Winton on a loan (to great dismay of his father). Duplessis suspended his law career in early 1934 amid mounting duties in the Legislative Assembly, though he would still be mentioned as a member of the bar. First electoral successes Despite a promising start to his legal career, Duplessis did not lose sight from his political ambitions. He made his first attempt to get to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in 1923 as a Conservative, seeking to oust the incumbent Liberal MLA, Louis-Philippe Mercier, from his Trois-Rivières seat. The campaign was a heated one. Mercier benefited from a well-organized political structure in the area directed by his mentor, Jacques Bureau, who at the time served as a member of Parliament for Three Rivers and St. Maurice and the federal minister of customs and excise. Maurice counted on the solidarity of his fellow lawyers, the good reputation among his clients as well as his father's acquaintances' support (notably Louis-Olivier Taillon). Some of them made speeches in Duplessis's favour. His campaign focused on the criticism of what Duplessis alleged was Premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau's contempt towards provincial autonomy and municipal rights as well as of the mismanagement of the judiciary. Despite a rather close race, Maurice lost to the incumbent, 1,328 to 1,612 votes. Duplessis at the time did not expect to win the riding anyway, but hoped that his good initial showing would make him a viable candidate as the opposition leader in the region. Four years later, Duplessis attempted a second run to the Legislative Assembly, campaigning among working- and middle-class families by paying personal visits to them. His resolve to get to the provincial parliament increased even further after his father died in 1926. At election time, Duplessis flipped the seat for the first time in 27 years, winning 2,622 to Mercier's 2,496 votes. This happened even as the Conservatives only captured 9 out of 85 seats. In his victory speech, Duplessis reportedly declared that "[here] stands before you a future Premier of Quebec". At the time when Duplessis was elected, the Legislative Assembly was only in session for two months in a year, which allowed Duplessis to spend more time in his electoral district. Duplessis became immediately active on the parliament floor once the parliament convened on January 10, 1928. In his maiden speech on January 19, the Legislative Assembly freshman decried the overemphasis on industrial development, as opposed to rural and small-business interests and called to stop increasing taxes and to respect the religious nature of Sundays. He also proposed to make an inventory of the forest industry (it was suspected at the time that the resources were being overexploited) and to reorganize the provincial police. The first speech left Premier Taschereau impressed, who allegedly remarked that "this young man [...] [would] go far". Duplessis's rhetorical skills and the knowledge of the law on the books made him a rising star in the opposition. When Arthur Sauvé left the leadership of the Conservatives, it was suggested that Duplessis could take the steers of the battered party, but Duplessis refused as he was not ready yet. Camillien Houde, Mayor of Montreal, was nominated instead, but he often had to leave the parliament sessions because of his other demanding job. Therefore, Duplessis, whom the Conservative caucus already saw as a safe alternative to Houde should the leader's policies fail, was able to informally lead the caucus in Houde's absence. Arthur Sauvé, in his resignation speech, asked his successor "to reestablish order in our ravaged ranks". Even though the new leader liked Duplessis, the future premier did not trust Houde's organizational capabilities, finding him "a verbose, blustering [and] impetuous man". He also said to his party colleague, Antonio Barrette, who would briefly serve as Premier in 1960: "You’re going to see Houde get to the top of the mountain and then be over the hill". Conrad Black characterized his relationship with Houde, together with his political views, in the following way: Later events seemed to confirm Duplessis's intuition. In the 1931 election, the Conservatives were again resoundingly defeated, winning only 11 seats out of 90 despite the fact that the Conservatives got a markedly larger share of votes provincially. Houde lost his own riding; Duplessis got reelected with a razor-thin margin of 41 votes (3,812 votes versus 3,771 for Liberal Louis-Philippe Bigué). Upon learning the results, Taschereau declared that "this outcome [meant] the end of Houdism". Rise to power Leader of the Official Opposition The 1931 election saw the Conservatives' internal strife, already present in Sauvé years, intensify. The party members could not even agree to a common strategy of dealing with the results of the election. Houde wanted to challenge 63 electoral results in the province, but Duplessis was against this idea because of his thin margin. The plan was frustrated by the government because a change in electoral law made the recounts too expensive. The Conservatives increasingly grew fed up with Houde's performance, and since he was no longer an MLA, lost his Montreal mayorship election in April 1932 and had trouble maintaining his newspaper, he had little real power in the caucus. Therefore, when in an effort to appease the Anglophone community, Houde unexpectedly designated an ageing Charles Ernest Gault, his ally and long-time MLA from Montréal–Saint-Georges, as the new leader of the parliamentary caucus, the party overrode the decision. Thus, on November 7, Duplessis became leader of the opposition. This choice was formally confirmed during a party congress in Sherbrooke on October 4–5, 1933, when Duplessis got 332 votes of the delegates (including from 7 out of 10 MLAs and all but one federal minister from Quebec) to 214 cast for a more moderate Onésime Gagnon, an MLA from Dorchester. During the convention, Duplessis gained most support from young members advocating for provincial autonomy; federal and Anglophone Conservatives as well as supporters for Houde tended to vote for his opponent. The choice was well-received by the high clergy and Henry George Carroll, the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, but Houde was bitter at his ouster and would only reconcile with him after World War II. The governing Liberals also had problems of their own. Quebec was in the midst of the Great Depression, which left Canada's economy declining. The Liberal Party, which had been in power for more than 35 years, was suffering from internal tensions, too, but also from the laissez-faire economic policies that proved inadequate for the crisis. Conrad Black additionally attributed the party's woes to its inflexibility and population's weariness of the government that had been in power for too long (by the 1935 election, Taschereau had been ruling the province for 15 years). Duplessis repeatedly questioned the government on its failure to make a turnaround. He pointed to the overcapitalization of companies and to the general chaos in the province's industry and resource exploitation. Duplessis further alleged unjust treatment of municipalities, lack of respect for traditions and unnecessary confrontations with the federal government. The leader of the opposition also decried the government's policy of prioritizing big business interests instead of developing rural areas. Some of the Liberal MLAs eventually became disillusioned with Taschereau and created a new party, the Action libérale nationale (ALN). Coalition with the Action libérale nationale The new party, which in particular despised the big business's interests in the province, consisted of nationalist and progressive MLAs led by Paul Gouin and included some other figures, such as Philippe Hamel, Joseph-Ernest Grégoire and Oscar Drouin. The members of the new political force drew heavily from the Programme de restauration sociale, a social policy document drafted by the Catholic clergy in 1933. It advocated corporatism as an alternative for capitalism and communism and sought to improve the position of French Canadians in the province by expanding the social welfare net, breaking (and, if needed, nationalizing) business trusts and revitalizing rural areas. In particular, the party was critical of the energy trusts and advocated for bringing the hydroelectricity companies under state control. Initially, Maurice Duplessis was skeptical of the third political force, saying that "two [parties] are enough: one good and one bad". He was then preparing for the upcoming 1935 election, starting a tour across the province more than a year before the voters were to go to the ballots. To a large extent, Duplessis's arguments during the campaign mirrored those of the ALN even if Duplessis tried to assure that the Conservatives were less extreme and that "honest" capital would remain untouched in the province. Still, Duplessis remained distrustful of the ALN members, seeing them as unreliable men who would join the Liberals after the election and ruin his dream of heading the government himself. For that reason, he resisted all efforts to sign a coalition agreement with them, but was forced to yield on November 7, 1935. Several factors played a role. In October, the Liberals had an impressive showing in that year's federal election, and Taschereau called a snap provincial election in November to capitalize on this victory. Vote splitting issues in the first-past-the-post system also contributed to the overwhelming support for a coalition among party members and donors. Under the agreement, the Conservatives ran on the ALN's platform, joined a coalition called the Union Nationale and ceded two-thirds of ridings to the breakaway Liberals. The coalition narrowly failed to displace the Liberals from power, gaining 42 out of 90 seats (of which 16 were Conservative), but it managed to severely reduce the governing majority. Duplessis got safely reelected with a margin of 14 percentage points (1,202 votes). Ascendancy of the Union Nationale Maurice Duplessis continued his offensive in spring 1936, when he succeeded in having the parliamentary public accounts committee start an inquiry into the management of public funds by the Taschereau government. Numerous irregularities were uncovered as various Liberal government officials acknowledged having used the public money inappropriately. For example, Antoine Taschereau, premier's brother and accountant of the Quebec Legislature, was forced to resign when he admitted having pocketed interest from the government's bank deposits. The fact that the newspapers reported on all the smallest details of the inquiry made the committee job a political goldmine for Duplessis. Taschereau resigned amid the corruption scandals on June 11, 1936, and handed over the premiership to Adélard Godbout, who was forced to call an election on August 17. The political situation during that year changed dramatically. Even though Duplessis entered the election as a junior coalition partner, his charisma, rhetorical skills and grilling of the Liberal officials has earned him support from most of ALN deputies, which could not be said of Gouin. On the organizational level, the Conservatives succeeded in capturing the Union Nationale brand for them. Moreover, the corruption inquiry severely weakened the governing party, which gave Duplessis a chance to single-handedly win the premiership. Therefore, on June 17, Duplessis announced his refusal to renew the coalition agreement even though the election writs had already been issued. Despite Gouin trying to campaign independently of Duplessis, 35 out of 42 Union Nationale coalition MLAs at a caucus meeting in Sherbrooke backed Duplessis's takeover of the coalition, and most of ALN's members joined the newly created Union Nationale party. Eventually, Gouin announced his "temporary" retirement from politics, which confirmed Duplessis's leadership. When the voters came to the polls, they delivered a landslide victory for the Union Nationale, handing it 76 out of 90 seats and ending the Liberal rule over Quebec that lasted for 39 years. First term (1936–1939) Duplessis immediately embarked on fulfilling some of the electoral promises. Among the programs that are credited with the longevity of the Union Nationale is the creation of the Farm Credit Bureau, which sent low-interest loans to rural areas and which proved popular with what would be the electoral base of his party. However, Duplessis emphatically refused to nationalize the producers of electricity and largely continued the economical policies of his predecessor. This provoked an exodus of former ALN members but it did not threaten Duplessis's majority. Duplessis first rose to the highest office in the province in a difficult time, as the Great Depression ravaged through the province, leaving hundreds of thousands of people unemployed. Increased expenditures on social programs and lack of growth in the 1930s caused a severe budgetary crisis, as debt nearly doubled within his three years in office. The federal government started intervening in the province's finances to stabilize them, but Duplessis resisted these attempts as he thought they violated the principle of the provincial autonomy. The Quebec government started handing out old-age pensions and approved workplace accident protections in its first year in office. Public works projects, such as the completion of the Montreal Botanical Garden, were also initiated. It was during this term that the legislation first recognized the right to a minimum salary for everyone (the "fair wage" standard, as it was known back then, previously applied to women only), but this law saw several problems in its implementation due to lack of uniformity and reluctance of trade unions to embrace it. In line with the Church's teaching, Duplessis launched a program of assistance to needy mothers (but not unwed, divorced or separated women), as well as to the blind and the orphaned. This cabinet saw the first Ministry of Health in Quebec, and it also financed the new , a research facility similar to Paris's Pasteur Institute. The themes that unite both the pre-war and the post-war administration were anti-unionism and anti-communism. Duplessis introduced and had the Legislative Assembly pass the so-called Padlock Law. It granted Duplessis, in his capacity as Attorney General, the right to prosecute those arranging for, distributing or promoting communist materials and propaganda and lock down their properties. Due to the law's vagueness, it often was arbitrarily used against anyone considered an enemy of the administration, such as trade unions. Another law granted Duplessis's government the right to unilaterally amend any contract between the trade union and the employer, and yet another regulation banned closed shops and union shops. On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland in what is commonly recognized as the beginning of World War II. Duplessis decided to seize that opportunity and announced a snap election to cement his grip on power by rallying the population around the fears of conscription (which French Canadians overwhelmingly opposed in World War I). However, his gamble failed as the Liberals, whom he accused of wanting to send French Canadians to the frontline, declared their opposition to the plan. As the Union Nationale was also seen as unable to implement a coherent set of policies and it disappointed voters with the lack of reforms, the party's representation shrank to 15 out of 86 seats. Return to the Official Opposition The defeat of the Union Nationale meant that Duplessis's leadership was in danger. Some of his fellow MLAs were mad at his starting the election in an unfortunate moment, and the party was at the brink of implosion. Joseph-Damase Bégin called to convene a caucus meeting to consider changing the leader, with Onésime Gagnon and Hormisdas Langlais as possible contenders, but Duplessis successfully quashed the effort. Another challenge to his leadership came in 1942, when Duplessis was criticised for his alcoholic tendencies, as he would sometimes participate in parliamentary debates while completely drunk. That challenge was rebuffed as well as after his surgery on strangulated hernia in 1942, the leader of opposition decided to quit drinking altogether on his doctor's advice. The Liberals introduced some progressive policies during their five years in power. In 1940, the Godbout administration granted women suffrage in provincial elections, which they already had on the federal level since 1917. Duplessis had previously considered the issue several times, but, unlike some of his colleagues, largely avoided discussing it and generally either abstained on the legislation or opposed it by voting "nay" or by trying to block the bill in committee. The 1940 vote was no different. Duplessis and most of his caucus voted "nay" as the leader of the Union Nationale aired concerns about an increase in government expenditures and electoral fraud that he connected to women's suffrage. He also accused Godbout of hypocrisy, as the Liberal leader previously opposed similar bills seven times. Another landmark policy of the Liberals, the introduction of compulsory schooling from age six to fourteen in 1943, was prompted by a report noting high dropout rates after four years of formal schooling. As with the women's suffrage, the Union Nationale opposed the bill (only Camille Pouliot voted with the Liberals) and later on would not enforce its provisions during Duplessis's fifteen years in power. Finally, in 1944, Godbout created Hydro-Québec from the nationalization of Montreal Light, Heat & Power and its subsidiary Beauharnois Power, but Duplessis again opposed the initiative, saying that its timing just before the 1944 election suggested that it was a political campaign trick. He further disagreed with the details of its implementation – in his opinion, the takeover should have been made by Montreal rather than the provincial government. He also did not want to allocate taxpayer money to the nationalization and believed that negotiating prices between the government and the electricity companies was a better way to decrease them than assuming state ownership. 1944 election Just as with the 1935 elections, a third political force wanted to enter Quebec politics: the anti-conscriptionist Bloc populaire. It was a brainchild of such figures as Lionel Groulx and , the editor-in-chief of Le Devoir, and centered around André Laurendeau and Maxime Raymond, who were instrumental in what was effectively the defeat of the 1942 conscription plebiscite. A nationalist formation, it supported the nationalization of hydroelectricity and argued for more autonomy for Quebec; at the same time it drew inspirations from Catholic social teaching, corporatism and syndicalism. The party thus sought to compete for nationalist and anti-war votes with the Union Nationale, but at the same time advertising itself as a reform party to get Liberal votes. Duplessis based his campaign on portraying the religious minorities, the federal government and the trade unions as threatening the province's interests, autonomy, traditions and identity. He also attacked Godbout's reforms as threatening the Church and the Catholic faith (Cardinal Villeneuve indeed disapproved of the legislation). During the campaign, Duplessis floated a false anti-Semitic conspiracy theory that asserted that the federal government, ruled by the Liberals, and the Quebec Liberals struck a secret deal with the so-called "International Zionist Brotherhood" to settle 100,000 Holocaust refugees in Quebec in exchange for campaign contributions. While Max Beer argues that this story did not influence the election result very much, the public and the press was enthusiastic about a leader who would not let any refugees arrive in la belle province. The business community, in its turn, was assured by his pledge to pursue development driven by private investments and opposition to state takeovers of companies. In the 1944 election, the Union Nationale received just over 38% of votes – the smallest share of votes in any election during his leadership – and finished behind the Liberals in the popular vote count. Still, Duplessis was able to form the government as vote splitting between the Bloc populaire and Godbout's party let the Union Nationale win 48 out of 91 seats. Second to fifth terms (1944-1959) Even though the majority of the Union Nationale seemed tenuous to his Liberal opponents, it eventually led to 15 years of uninterrupted rule over the province. This was common in post-war Canada as the incumbent governments were able to take credit for the strong economic performance and were often reelected on this basis. Several other factors specific to Quebec also helped in the longevity of his rule. The first was his personal charisma, which was so strong that the figure of Duplessis mattered much more than the party he represented. Another reason was his media-savvy team of talented campaign managers led by Joseph-Damase Bégin, his minister of colonization. The fact that the party secured a steady source of income from kickbacks from business entities helped implement the lavish campaign styles that the managers proposed. Threats to withdraw funds if the riding did not support the Union Nationale's candidate, malapportionment in favour of rural areas, which were the party's stronghold, and support from the high clergy further cemented the long reign of Duplessis. The reign itself had some authoritarian tendencies. Even though the Legislative Assembly deliberated with all the usual organs, Duplessis was the de facto rulemaker in parliament. "Le Chef" enforced party discipline very strictly and, with very few exceptions, decision autonomy in the cabinet or in the Legislative Assembly was nonexistent. Duplessis, in his capacity as Attorney General, enforced censorship of creations deemed immoral, whether by statutory authorization or simply at his will. Media outlets suspected of sympathizing with the communists would be closed down and the property confiscated by virtue of the Padlock Act. As for newspapers, they would be ordered not to report on the Union Nationale's wrongdoings for fear of retribution from Duplessis. In order to appeal to the Catholic majority, Duplessis also engaged in a fight against Jehovah's Witnesses, whom he equated to Communists and the Nazis, though he ultimately lost court cases connected to them in the Supreme Court of Canada, notably Roncarelli v Duplessis. Duplessis's rule was socially conservative. The regime generally enjoyed strong support from the high echelons of the Catholic Church, though lower-tier priests did not necessarily endorse him. The Church played an outsized influence in the lives of Quebeckers since it provided most healthcare and education services, something that would only change after 1960. A very able speaker who resorted to populism when necessary, he emphasized the importance of the preservation of what he believed were French Canadian values: the Catholic faith, the local traditions and the French language. In order to preserve them, he argued, Quebec had to defend its provincial autonomy from the encroachment of the federal government. It was usually done by means of refusing to participate in federal-provincial programs, which at that time mostly consisted of new welfare policies, but also through asserting its power to taxation, which Duplessis successfully did in 1955. The post-war economic expansion defined the economic development of Quebec under Duplessis. Full employment stayed in the province for over a decade and average wages rose slightly faster than in the rest of Canada. GDP growth was fairly strong and was in a large degree as a result of a large stream of investment and general improvements in efficiency. The way Duplessis solicited the investments was consistent with economic liberalism. Quebec refused state intervention in resource extraction itself and thus relied heavily on out-of-province (English Canadian or American) capital to develop its rich natural resources. Duplessis attracted the money by using a combination of low taxes, low regulation and pro-employer labour policies. Trade unions in particular were a target of Duplessis's interventions. Duplessis had a consistent position of disincentivizing collective bargaining by passing unfavourable regulations for organized labour, which at the time was unique in Canada. When strike action did occur, the police were immediately deployed to break it (as was the case in Asbestos in 1949). Quebec's management of the budget was fiscally conservative. The budget was balanced and provincial debt was decreasing. Even though the size of the budget increased substantially, "Le Chef" derided most attempts at welfare state in Quebec as "Anglo-Saxon and Protestant socialism"; instead, he called for charity to fill in the gaps. Ironically, by the end of Duplessis's rule, it was the federal government which footed most of the welfare bill in Quebec. The main investments of the era were the construction of hospitals and schools across the province, the increase of electricity supply via Hydro-Québec and development in rural areas (particularly through the Rural Electrification Office). Despite these investments, rural areas remained much poorer and less developed than urban areas, so Duplessis oversaw an exodus of rural population towards Montreal. Additionally, the situation of majority French Canadians still remained worse than that of the Anglophone minority. The reason was that the Anglophones dominated the business world of Montreal, the financial centre of Canada at the time, took most of the top jobs available and had substantial autonomy within the province. Death, funeral and the end of the dominance of the Union Nationale Duplessis suffered from numerous health problems throughout his life. He underwent two surgeries for a strangulated hernia in 1930 and 1942, which each ended in several-month-long stays in the hospital due to complications or other diseases slowing down his recovery. Duplessis was also hospitalized for a shorter period in 1929 for injuries he had sustained in a car accident. Duplessis had also been a heavy drinker, but on the advice of his doctor, pressure from his party and Adélard Godbout's suggestion that this "weakness was going to ruin [Duplessis]", became a teetotaller after his second surgery. Also in 1942, doctors diagnosed Duplessis with diabetes, which particularly caused trouble in the last years of his life. By the end of 1958, in the middle of his fourth term, Duplessis's health started to deteriorate significantly and he struggled to keep on with the prior habits of his premiership. Doctors warned him that he was overstretching himself and needed some rest, but "Le Chef" went on with his duties. Sometime before September 2, 1959, Duplessis accepted an invitation from Quebec Iron, a subsidiary of the Iron Ore Company of Canada, to travel to Schefferville to see its mines. The flight to Sept-Îles and then the mining town was uneventful, but at about lunch time on September 3, while staying in the company's guesthouse, Duplessis suffered a bleeding stroke, which paralyzed his right leg and arm and sent him into a barely conscious state; three more strokes occurred by September 4. After balancing on the verge of life for two more days, Duplessis died on September 7 at 12:01 AM EDT. The body was placed in a coffin covered by the flag of Quebec, which he had introduced by an Order in Council in 1948. The coffin arrived to Quebec City by plane at 6:10 am. Duplessis's body was then embalmed and laid in state in the building of the Legislative Assembly. About 100,000 people arrived to pay homage for the late premier until September 10, when the body was transported to his hometown of Trois-Rivières. The funeral service in the Assumption Cathedral of that city, officiated by Cardinal Paul-Émile Léger, Archbishop of Montreal, and Archbishop Maurice Roy of Quebec, was attended by eleven members of the federal cabinet, including Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, all of the provincial cabinet and the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, three fellow premiers, nine bishops and archbishops and other high officials. Another 50,000 people paid respects to Duplessis in his hometown, after which he was buried alongside his parents. On the evening of September 10, 1959, the caucus of the Union Nationale proposed to the Lieutenant Governor that Paul Sauvé be sworn in as premier, which he was on the morning of the following day. The time of his rule is widely known as that of "désormais" (from now on) and seen as a break from his predecessor. That said, despite the several reforms that have been implemented in the short "100 days", as the period is also known, Sauvé stressed his loyalty to the legacy of Duplessis and portrayed his rule as the continuation of what Duplessis was doing. Antonio Barrette, who succeeded Sauvé after the latter's death in January 1960, also continued the same policies. However, the frequent changes of power threw the Union Nationale into disarray just before the planned election in June, which Jean Lesage's Liberals won. This defeat of the Union Nationale started the Quiet Revolution. Private life Duplessis was a lifelong bachelor and had no children. In fact, "Le Chef" would tell people that he had no family and that his only responsibility was the welfare of his province, to which he said he belonged. For most of his political life, Duplessis lived alone in Château Frontenac. Conrad Black suggests that during World War I Duplessis courted Augustine Delisle, a daughter of a prosperous coal trader, but his family disapproved of a connection that would unite them with a family of merchants. This upset him and it was probably then that he decided never to marry anyone. Duplessis still remained close to his sisters as well as their husbands. He also became a godfather to a daughter of Antonio Talbot, the minister of roads in his post-war government. In his later life, his relationships with other women were quite idiosyncratic. He believed that he had to behave in a strictly aristocratic and gentelmanly manner towards them but his convictions did not prevent him from making risqué comments about women in their presence. In general, Duplessis would more and more feel as if he were part of aristocracy and behave and dress accordingly even though he had no blood relation with it. Conrad Black suggests that hypospadias could also have affected his relationships with women. Despite a populist image "Le Chef" created in public and rumours that persisted even after his death, his hobbies included opera and literature. He enjoyed historical or political books the most, but he also read classical French or English-language authors, such as Rudyard Kipling, Tennyson and Shakespeare. Later in his life, Duplessis developed a taste for paintings and started collecting them. At his death, his sister Jeanne-L. Balcer-Duplessis inherited the works of art, which she donated to the provincial government in exchange for the cancellation of the inheritance tax. Most of the paintings, including those by Clarence Gagnon, Cornelius Krieghoff, J. M. W. Turner, Auguste Renoir, Charles Jacque, Cornelis Springer and Johan Jongkind, are stored in the National Museum of Fine Arts of Quebec. On the other hand, his love of sport was not unequivocal. In fact, Duplessis has not practised any in his life, except for croquet. However, he was a fan of the Montreal Canadiens and was also an avid supporter of the New York Yankees. Historical debate Duplessis is recognized as one of the most colourful, if controversial, people in Canadian politics. His figure already polarized the political landscape of Quebec during his life, and it continued to do so well after his death. Even today, few politicians dare to emphasize the continuity of their policies with those of Duplessis for fear of being ridiculed as the rule of Duplessis generally has negative connotations in Quebec society. Opinions about him are so strong that being compared to Duplessis may be considered an insult. This was already the case shortly after the Union Nationale's downfall in 1960, when Léon Dion urged the province to reject its heritage and undergo a revolution. The new generation of adults which emerged in the 1980s, who did not have appreciable contact with either Duplessis or the events of the 1960s, associated Duplessis with negative phenomena much more than the positive ones. Duplessis as the incarnation of the Grande Noirceur Intellectual circles were not kind to Duplessis, even during his life. Pierre Trudeau would write in Cité Libre that Duplessis did not tax enough on the provincial level and this enabled the federal government's invasion of provincial autonomy and deprived Quebeckers of the needed social services. In Le Devoir, André Laurendeau penned an editorial, (The Theory of the Negro King). It posited that foreign capital allowed Duplessis to stay in power so that he could officially allow to ruthlessly exploit the province of Quebec. The role of Duplessis was along the lines of the "Negro Kings", the local chieftains whom the British allowed some control over their area but who had to recognize the supremacy of their overlords. Criticism of "Le Chef" intensified following his death. Shortly before the 1960 elections, Pierre Laporte published the first biography after Duplessis's death, which portrayed him as an intelligent but ruthless politician who would stay in power through corruption and repression of political opponents. Leslie Roberts' book outright called Duplessis a "Latin-American dictator" who would cater to the simplistic desires of French Canadians but failed to lift them from the state of inferiority with respect to the Anglophones. The Quiet Revolution was viewed as an enlightened response to the politics embodied by Duplessis, to the degree that the Duplessis era is associated with the label Grande Noirceur (Great Darkness). Interpretations behind the label and even the dates of the beginning of this "shameful" period vary, but generally revolve around the criticism of defending a regressive model of society, blocking progress and leaving patronage and corruption entrenched. In defending the label, Jacques Godbout described the period of Duplessis as that of "perverse control of sexuality, contempt for the industry, art, economy and rejection of the scientific thought" and said that in intellectual circles, the Grande Noirceur was also a period of grande silence (great silence) and of grande peur (great fear). Among other supporters of this interpretation were trade unionist Madeleine Parent, who was imprisoned for her advocacy in 1955 and ultimately acquitted of the charge of "seditious conspiracy"; Gérard Pelletier, also a union organizer, who described Duplessis's views as those of a "19th-century rural notary"; and Jacques Hébert. Yves Vaillancourt, who analyzed the period from the perspective of administration of welfare, stated that social justice was in disrepair and that the government of Duplessis was at fault for causing this problem. The Grande Noirceur view is also present in some English-language scholarly books that describe that era. Challenging the Grande Noirceur label In the 1970s, despite an overwhelmingly negative coverage of "Le Chef", two biographies cast him in a very positive light. , who defended Duplessis's policies throughout his life, including by writing propaganda pieces on the Union Nationale's behalf, penned a biography of Duplessis published in 1973. Conrad Black's biography, published in 1977, just like Rumilly's, received substantial criticism from the historians of the time. However, with time, the 1977 biography became more and more accepted. Today, the books are either considered reliable even if they are biased and have some methodological issues, or, alternatively, flawed but usable, particularly given that no historian wrote a similar biography after them. In short, Rumilly praised his devotion to the Catholic Church and defended his fight against "subversive" organizations, such as trade unions. Black, on the other hand, believed that Duplessis was an able politician who managed to modernize the province even while defending traditional values; the latter then further clarified that in his view, the Québécois owe their prosperity to Duplessis as he used the money saved from underpaying teachers and nurses to make infrastructural investments. The next wave of change came with the researchers of the 1980s and the 1990s, who challenged the then dominant idea of Duplessism as something awful and to be avoided, which was how historians who personally witnessed the Quiet Revolution often viewed it. The movement did not want to revise history as in rewriting the facts about that period, but rather changing the perspectives on it, giving different interpretations and assigning different weights to the events. This started with the publication of the synthesis of the history of Quebec by Linteau et al. (named Quebec Since 1930 in the English edition). It emphasized that Quebec, in fact, was developing in line with the rest of North America and the West in general; issues specific to Quebec, like the dominant influence of Catholic Church, were not as important as previously assumed or reported. In 1994, Bourque et al. published another book that argued that, contrary to common belief, the Duplessis government was actually liberal in its outlook as it embraced economic progress and modern capitalism and did not oppose liberal democracy, all while pushing back against the welfare state and staying within traditional values of Quebec. This interpretation was challenged by numerous historians, who variously argued that the regime was conservative if not illiberal in its nature. Among those who changed their opinion of the regime in the course of the years was Léon Dion, who wrote in 1993 that the assessment of the period as the Grande Noirceur (as he and like-minded scholars proposed in the 1960s) was unreasonably harsh and his policies on the economy, such as the development of Northern Quebec, were reasonable or at least justifiable. He also argued that the blame for the regime's regressiveness should be also laid on the Catholic Church and on society, which wanted order and security and thus tolerated oppression. Dion also tends to agree on the validity of Duplessis's defence of provincial autonomy, in line with other historians, such as Yves Vaillancourt and Xavier Gélinas. In today's historiography of Quebec (at least since the 1990s), most scholars express the opinion that the notion of Grande Noirceur was a myth invented by those who embraced or spearheaded the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s. Alexandre Dumas writes that the notion of the Quiet Revolution can only live with the "anti-hero" Duplessis and the association with the Great Darkness. Michel Sarra-Bournet and Gérard Bouchard suggested that the portrayal of Duplessis's era as a Great Darkness unique to Quebec may be unjustified as contemporary governments of Ontario, Manitoba and New Zealand shared many characteristics shared with Duplessis's rule, such as resistance to the welfare state, anti-communism, corruption scandals and the focus on rural development. A similar opinion was expressed by Jocelyn Létourneau. Yet other historians emphasize in their opinions that the "rupture" between the Quiet Revolution and Duplessis is not present in every aspect of Quebec's life, is generally exaggerated or even artificially created, or else that it should be better thought of as a transitionary period. Some authors go as far as rejecting the label altogether as a "gross caricature", framing this period as that of the "Great Catch-Up", in comparison to the "Quiet Decline" that followed the death of "Le Chef", or even, as in the case with Éric Bedard, merging the periods of Duplessis and that of the Quiet Revolution into a single "Quiet Reconquest". Attempts at comparison The ideology of Duplessis and the Union Nationale between 1936 and 1959 was subject to numerous studies, and several comparisons have been proposed. A 1984 paper by George Steven Swan found many similarities between the policies of Duplessis and those of Huey Long, a left-populist American politician from Louisiana, and of Juan Perón of Argentina, in particular as they related to authoritarian practices. Léon Dion, in some similarity to Leslie Roberts, argued that his rule could be compared to that of Latin American dictators, though occasional comparisons to fascism, in his opinion, were wrong. Frédéric Boily dismissed that reasoning as simplistic, because it implied that Duplessis was a populist along the lines of Perón and Brazil's Getúlio Vargas. Instead, he argues that Duplessis was not truly populist but simply made good use of populist rhetoric. Jean-Philippe Warren wrote that his style of governance could be compared to a type of regime called "authoritarian democracy". However, Gilles Bourque opined that the comparison is inaccurate as the rule of Duplessis bears little similarity to the regime of Vladimir Putin in Russia, which would also be an "authoritarian democracy" under Warren's definition. Catherine Frost saw many similarities between Duplessis and Éamon de Valera in comparing the nationalism in Ireland and that of Quebec. Greame Orr and Ron Levy found that Duplessis's and Queensland Premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen's regimes bore so much resemblance that they suggest that Bjelke-Petersen might have studied Duplessis's politics before implementing his policies in that Australian state. They noted the heavy-handed approach both used for trade unions and communists, their strong anti-federalist rhetoric (even if Duplessis stopped short of advocating separatism) and extensive malapportionment that they conclude was gratuitous. With respect to Duplessis's staunch anti-communism, his policies were also likened to those of US Senator Joseph McCarthy. In the context of Quebec, some historians compared Mario Dumont, with his Action démocratique du Québec (ADQ), to Duplessis. Among the suggested similarities were the party's program mirroring that of the Union Nationale, ADQ's emphasis on provincial autonomy and the (rather successful) usage of populist rhetoric at times when the electorate was tired of the prior state of politics. Dumont himself said he was flattered by the comparison, though he also suggested that he preferred Jean Lesage references. More recently, the current premier of Quebec, François Legault, has been compared to Duplessis, and his Coalition Avenir Québec party to the Union Nationale. In fact, in 2014, Legault underlined that his party bore resemblance to the Union Nationale, though he assured voters they would not be returning to the grande noirceur. When CAQ won a majority of seats, Legault participated in a heated parliamentary debate defending Duplessis's legacy. In this incident from 2021, the co-leader of the left-wing Québec solidaire party, Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois, compared the leader of the CAQ to Duplessis while accusing Legault of excluding those Quebec residents who opposed Bill 21 from the definition of who is Québécois and of assuming the role of "the father of the Quebec nation". The premier retorted that while, in his opinion, Duplessis had many faults, he defended Quebec, unlike the "woke" Nadeau-Dubois. Commemoration In culture and collective memory of the Québécois Immediately after the death of Duplessis, provincial politicians took pains to preserve the memory of "Le Chef". A provincial riding was created in 1960 from parts of Saguenay (now René-Lévesque) electoral district. The following year, Boulevard Champigny, a major thoroughfare in Quebec City, was renamed after Duplessis, and is now alternatively known as Autoroute 540. in the northeastern part of the Island of Montreal was named that way in 1967. The government was also interested in building a monument, but it did not go according to plan. In December 1959, Paul Sauvé passed a law in the Quebec Legislature that envisaged building a monument to Maurice Duplessis and placing it somewhere in the city of Quebec. This was unusual at the time as before 1980, it was the government (via the Ministry of Public Works) that decided on the decorations next to the Parliament Building, and also since Honoré Mercier was the only provincial politician with a statue in front of the Legislative Assembly. By summer 1961, Joseph-Émile Brunet, who had already scuplted a bust of Duplessis, made the monument ready, but the government of Jean Lesage ordered to hide it. When journalists inquired about the statue, the government asserted that this was an effort to avoid political tensions. Therefore, the first statue of Le Chef was unveiled in 1964 in Trois-Rivières by the Société des amis de Maurice L. Duplessis, a private organization dedicated to the preservation of Duplessis's heritage. The Society was then commemorating the fifth anniversary of his death. The government commemoration of Duplessis seemed to have lost steam as the Quiet Revolution progressed and the general populace evolved a negative view of the Duplessis's reign. By the time Jean-Jacques Bertrand, also of the Union Nationale, became premier in 1968, even the party's supporters relegated Duplessis to the subconscious. "Le Chef" came again under the spotlight in the 1970s, with numerous books about his rule for academic and general public circulation alike (including the two biographies by Rumilly and Black). A very successful play called by John Thomas McDonough, describing the Asbestos strike, appeared in Quebec City's theatres in 1971. Denys Arcand treated him extensively in his early film career: in 1972, he directed Québec: Duplessis et après for the National Film Board of Canada, and, six years later, he was a screenwriter for the TV series Duplessis, which was released on the screens of Radio-Canada. Both proved quite sympathetic to "Le Chef" and minimized the supposed rupture between Duplessis and the events that happened after his death. In 1974, Parks Canada designated Duplessis as a Person of National Historic Significance. Three years later, and 18 years after the Legislative Assembly decreed so, René Lévesque retrieved Brunet's monument from storage and unveiled it next to the Parliament Building. This event by the sovereigntist Parti Québécois was held to attract Union Nationale supporters. The preparation copies of the monument are stored in the Museum of Fine Arts of Quebec. In the 1980s, the negative coverage of Duplessis in the arts still continued. Among these works was a collection of feminist articles by Andrée Yanacopoulo, Au nom du père, du fils et de Duplessis, and a TV series Asbestos. Michel Tremblay's Le gars de Québec (1985), set in 1952, draws inspiration from Gogol's The Government Inspector and has rather critical references to the era. In the words of Pierre Berthelot, a simple mention of his name was enough to create his invisible yet oppressive presence that made characters stuck in their hardships and which treated them to abuses by government agents. Quebec did not become interested in Duplessis's heritage in the 1980s despite the otherwise favourable climate for conservative politicians. The Union Nationale, then under the stewardship of Roch La Salle, distanced itself from the heritage of Maurice Duplessis and lost all seats in the 1981 election, after which the party maintained a nominal presence in provincial politics before being finally disbanded in 1989. The 1990s proved even worse for his memory as a documentary in 1997, Les Orphelins de Duplessis, made the abuses committed against the Duplessis Orphans known to a wide public and further entrenched the image of Duplessis's era as that of the Great Darkness. In the 21st century, with the exception of some non-scholarly works like that of Martin Lemay, a former Parti Québécois member of the National Assembly, the negative image of the era persisted. The student protests of 2012, often known as "Maple Spring", were a manifestation of that trend. Gabriel Nadeau-Dubois, then one of the leaders of the protests, suggested that the government's Bill 78, which aimed to suppress protests, was a return to the times of Duplessis. Participants in the demonstrations also painted a graffiti saying, in rough translation: "Come back Duplessis, you've left your pigs!", in protest against the use of riot police. A microbrewery called Dieu du Ciel! of Saint-Jérôme produces a variety of dark beer called Grande Noirceur with suggestive imagery – a caricature appearance of "Le Chef" manipulating the assembled population with strings (as if they were puppets), with church towers behind him. Honorary titles Duplessis held some top positions in relation to his law career. On December 30, 1931, he received the title of King's Counsel due to his achievements in the field of law. In addition to that, he was elected President () of the Bar of Quebec and President of the Bar of Trois-Rivières for the 1937–1938 term, which, in addition to conferring prestige to the Premier, gave him some influence over the internal order of the bar. Several universities granted him honorary degrees, including Université Laval (three times: apart from a law degree in 1937 and forestry sciences in 1955, a general honorary doctorate was granted in 1952), McGill University (law, 1948), Université de Montréal (law, 1953), Université de Sherbrooke (law, 1956), as well as from Bishop's University and the University of Caen in France. Maurice Duplessis also received several decorations. In 1948, Argentine President Juan Perón gave Duplessis the highest decoration, the Grand Cross of the Order of the Liberator General San Martín, which provoked a minor diplomatic incident as the government of Canada had advised foreign emissaries not to give any such distinctions to its citizens. Other awards that "Le Chef" received include a golden star of the Ordre national du mérite agricole (1946), a provincial order for people who contributed to the development of agriculture, and the induction in the Commonwealth's Order of Saint John. Notes References Books In English In French (vol. 1: 1890–1944, vol. 2: 1944–1959) Audiovisual materials – the visit of the Royal Family connected with the opening of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Duplessis, a seven-episode series by Denys Arcand (1978) Two series from the documentary (1997), in French: Finally, the war (1929–1945) The times of Duplessis (1945–1959) (1997), a documentary about the origins of Hydro-Québec from Radio-Canada, with first two series covering Duplessis's era, in French (1997), a two-part documentary about the Duplessis Orphans, Radio-Canada, in French Three episodes from the documentary [30 days that have shaped Quebec], 2000, in French: Maurice Duplessis gets to power – August 17, 1936 Maurice Duplessis's revenge – August 8, 1944 The beginning of the Asbestos strike – February 13, 1949 Les Orphelins de Duplessis (2003), a documentary by , in French The Premiers, a documentary on provincial leaders, with an episode on Duplessis: part 1, 2, 3 Short biographical and bibliographical entries External links Duplessis's Speeches from the Throne *The Union Nationale was founded as a coalition in 1935, in which the Conservative Party was a junior coalition partner. However, it was agreed that Duplessis would have become Premier if the UN had won the 1935 election. (Sarra-Bournet, 2003) The following year, the UN formally became a unitary political party with the Quebec Conservative Party dissolving into it. Duplessis was elected as its leader. Maurice Duplessis 1890 births 1959 deaths Premiers of Quebec Université de Montréal alumni Lawyers in Quebec People from Trois-Rivières Canadian Roman Catholics Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada) Conservative Party of Quebec MNAs Canadian political party founders Union Nationale (Quebec) MNAs Leaders of the Union Nationale (Quebec) Conservatism in Canada Right-wing politics in Canada Canadian people of World War II Populism in Canada Right-wing populism in Canada Canadian anti-communists Antisemitism in Canada Recipients of the Order of the Liberator General San Martin
According to the semantic analysis of Geoffrey Leech, the associative meaning of an expression has to do with individual mental understandings of the speaker. They, in turn, can be broken up into five sub-types: connotative, collocative, social, affective and reflected (Mwihaki 2004). The connotative meanings of an expression are the thoughts provoked by a term when in reference to certain entities. Though these meanings may not be strictly implied by relevant definitions, they show up in common or preferred usage regardless. This is not to be confused with what is historically referred to as connotation, which more closely describes rigid definitions of words. Collocative meaning, or "collocation", describes words that regularly appear together in common use (within certain contexts). Social meaning, where words are used to establish relationships between people and to delineate social roles. For example, in Japanese, the suffix "-san" when added to a proper name denotes respect, sometimes indicating that the speaker is subordinate to the listener; while the suffix "-chan" denotes that the speaker thinks the listener is a child or childlike (either for purposes of affection or derision). Affective meaning has to do with the personal feelings or attitudes of the speaker. Reflected meaning has to do with when one sense of a particular word affects the understanding and usage of all the other senses of the word. Thematic meaning concerns itself with how the order of words spoken affects the meaning that is entailed. Related links Mwihaki, Alice. (2004) Semantics
孔继檊，一作继澣，字阴泗，号云谷，一作樗谷，自署铁骨道人，山东曲阜人，清朝政治人物。孔继檊曾于嘉慶十五年（1810年）接替唐仲冕任松江府知府一职，嘉慶十七年（1812年）由周有声接任。参考资料清朝松江府知府曲阜人孔子六十九代孫 J
半夜头痛想吐什么原因？头痛看似是简单的病症，但是它可一点都不简单。下面，我们就来见识一下这个不简单的头痛，到底是什么原因引起的吧。1、神经性头痛这主要是源于头部肌肉紧张收缩，头部有一种紧紧地缩成一团的感觉，并且感觉头部很重，如果是吸烟饮酒过度时会更加深刻的感受。这种就是因生活不规律，而且还嗜酒好烟，或者是因为睡眠不足而引起，尽量争取休息，饮食方面少吃多餐及避免吃得太油腻，这些改变都有助于舒缓不适呢。2、天气影响有些人的头痛会受天气的影响，如当气温升高时，各种头疼发作的可能性明显增高；或者快下雨时，也会感觉到头痛在发作。3、头饰不当在我们生活当中，有些年轻女性也会有头痛的烦恼，而且并没有前科，一天就感觉到自己无缘无故头痛，其实马尾梳得过紧会对头皮施加压力，也会引发头痛，头巾、发卡和过于紧绷的帽子也会，或许被很多人都忽略了这个原因，所以扎太长时间了，不妨让头发自然垂落，就能缓解了。4、运动强度过高人的体力消耗过大也会造成头部、脖颈和头皮的血管膨胀，从而引发头痛，你知道吗？所以要保持强度适中的运动，例如散步，当你的双臂前后摆动，会让肩颈肌肉得到放松，从而可以减轻此症状。5、饮食也会引发如果不准时吃饭，甚至是少吃一顿都有可能引发头痛，特别是爱喝咖啡的朋友们，适量饮用咖啡是对身体有益，但如果因为爱喝或者为了提神而不断的喝咖啡，就会引发头疼。有时候，引发头痛的不是多大的撞击，或者是生活中的一件小事就会造成影响，所以要照顾好自己，不让任何病痛轻易地找上你。
宫外孕手术后多久能下床？孕卵在子宫腔外着床发育的异常妊娠过程。也称“宫外孕”。宫外孕是妊娠没有在正常的位置，而移到了其它的不正常的位置了，具体地说就是受精卵在宫腔以外的地方生长发育、种植，生长发育了这个就叫异位妊娠。最常见的异位妊娠是受精卵种植到输卵管里面了，所以输卵管妊娠是异位妊娠的主要的一个。占到了整个异位妊娠的百分之九十到九十五。宫外孕的早期症状是停经，其次是阴道流血。有的病人表现的是不规则出血，量少，点滴状，褐色或者深褐色，有的病人表现的是阴道出血量中，跟既往月经量差不多，还有少部分的病人会出现阴道大量的流血。宫外孕也可出现肚子疼的症状，有的病人出现下腹痛或者胀痛，当宫外孕破裂的时候会出现撕裂样的剧痛，有排便的感觉。晕厥与休克，当腹腔出现急性出血和剧烈腹痛的时候，会出现面色苍白、血压下降、四肢冰冷、心率增快。宫外孕早期的症状并不典型，经常跟先兆流产差不多，所以发现怀孕有阴道流血，还有肚子疼的时候一定要及时就医，避免延误病情。宫外孕手术后如果没有特殊不适，手术以后第2天就可以适当下床在床边进行活动。术后多注意休息，保证充分的休息，不要太劳累，密切观察术后身体恢复的情况，尤其是在下次怀孕前做详细的检查，主要检查一下输卵管的通畅情况，手术以后暂时少吃辛辣刺激的食物，多吃新鲜蔬菜水果，多喝水，注意局部卫生，手术后，女性朋友要注意不要喝酒。要穿宽松衣服，加强营养，一个月内禁止性生活，避免生殖道感染，半年之内需要避孕。未经医生许可也不要洗澡，因为洗澡有时会引发感染。要多了解宫外孕，避免宫外孕的再次发生，威胁到生命安全。
帚状鸦葱（学名：）为菊科鸦葱属的植物。分布于中亚、蒙古以及中国大陆的新疆、宁夏l甘肃、青海、陕西等地，生长于海拔1,600米至3,000米的地区，一般生于戈壁、干山坡、荒漠砾石地、石质残丘和沙地，目前尚未由人工引种栽培。别名假叉枝鸦葱参考文献帚状鸦葱
石家庄药流价格？在四家医院在市内，包括输液的前三天，药流的第四天，然后庆宫，1500左右，其实，药物本身是很便宜，但都是必要的其他项目。1.堕胎费用是多少？药物流产的价格并不昂贵。通常，只需要药物的费用加上术前检查和术后药物的费用。药物流产的医院的费用约为400元至800元，其中包括B超检查进行审查，包括药物，防止药物人流后感染和子宫恢复，但不包括手术费用子宫。但是，由于药物流产药物是一种处方药，因此无法随意出售。另外，由于药物流产可引起流产等病症，必须再次治愈。如果发生自然流产，治疗费用大大超过一人的费用和无痛对身体造成不可逆的损伤。堕胎费用是多少？2，流动的昂贵或昂贵的药物？堕胎与药物流产相比更为昂贵。药物流是一种不需要手术的方法，它是一种可以中断女性怀孕的药物。药物的一般流程采取49天以内妊娠的，即，7个星期内，完整的流产率较高时的平均妊娠囊直径为18毫米。流产的常见的情况介于200元和400之间（手术率有所不同，因为怀孕，难以手术，高风险的条件下，等时）和人没有从400元至1000元的疼痛范围。以上价格不包括利率流产或药流前的术前检查和术后的消炎药止血。药物流产以及检查和药物费用约为400-800。3，药物流动的最佳时间药物流产又称药物流，是指使用药物来中断早孕。通常，对于药物通量的最佳时间是在妊娠49天。药物流动的最佳时间是药物流动最佳时。药物的流动时间是可察觉的。每个人的体质不同，所以药物的吸收和反应程度不同，所以药物的流动不能百分之百成功。特别是当胚胎较大时，成功率会降低。因此，想要使用药物流的朋友必须了解药物流动的最佳时间。药物流产的症状。如果药物流动清洁，则会出现腹痛和持续性阴道流血等症状。一旦发现这些症状，他们应该到正规医院进行妇科检查和超声检查。
Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV) is a giant virus that infects the marine bicosoecid flagellate Cafeteria roenbergensis, a member of the microzooplankton community. History The virus was isolated from seawater samples collected from the Gulf of Mexico during 1989 to 1991, on a flagellate host that was misidentified as belonging to the genus Bodo; hence the original designation of the virus as BV-PW1. The virus was shown to be about 300 nm in diameter and have a complex internal structure, as well as evidence of a putative tail-like structure Further work on the virus indicated that the host was an isolate of the genus Cafeteria and that the genome had a G+C content of ~34%. Further analysis suggested that the helicase of the virus was phylogenetically related to those found in the family Asfarviridae, and that the virus shared properties with members of the Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses group. CroV has one of the largest genomes of all marine viruses known, consisting of ~730,000 base pairs of double-stranded DNA. Among its 544 predicted protein-coding genes are several that are usually restricted to cellular organisms, such as translation factors and enzymes for DNA repair and carbohydrate synthesis. CroV is distantly related to Mimivirus and belongs to a group of viruses known as Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. CroV is itself parasitized by a virophage named "Mavirus". Viral protein composition and structure Viral protein composition includes 141 encoded proteins that have been identified in CroV, a number believed to be in close proximity to the entirety of the virion proteome. The virus packages several distinct groups of proteins, including a presumably complete base excision repair (BER) pathway. This is the most extensive DNA repair machinery that has yet been observed in a virus. It is also the first virus to be found with a mechanosensitive ion channel protein, which may protect the genome from osmotic damage. Mature CroV consists of a 300 nm diameter outer protein shell with icosahedral symmetry, an underlying lipid membrane, and an inner core that contains the genome. Resolution of the virus structure by cryo-electron microscopy yielded an icosahedral virus capsid with a T number of 499 and a new model for capsid assembly for giant viruses. Viral genome CroV is the sole member of the genus Cafeteriavirus in the family Mimiviridae within the proposed order Megavirales. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the virus is a nucleocytoplasmic large DNA virus (NCLD virus). Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus is its closest known relative, although the two viruses share less than one-third of homologous genes. The viral genome is primarily a 618,000 base pair strand flanked by large and highly repetitive repeats on both ends of the genome. These large caps are theorized to protect the ends of the protein-coding region, similar to telomeres in eukaryotes. Due to production of transcriptional genes, like that of tRNA synthetase, the virus is able to modify and regulate host translational machinery that results in CroV being less dependent on host-cell components. 5% of the genome consists of repetitive elements that serve a yet unknown purpose. A region of 38,000 bases was observed that is believed to be involved with carbohydrate metabolism. The virus contains pathways that help assist in the biosynthesis of KDO (3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate). The presence and expression of 10 genes involved in glycoprotein synthesis were identified, suggesting that CroV is able to potentially partake in virion-cell recognition. CroV also encodes several other interesting proteins. It encodes an entire biosynthetic pathway for the creation of 3-Deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid, or KDO, which is a component of the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. It also encodes two different photolyases, which repair DNA damage from UV radiation. CroV also encodes proteins that can carry out ubiquitination, which is a post-translational modification of proteins that functions in cellular signaling. Viral replication Viral reproduction occurs in large constructs known as large cytoplasmic factories or viral factories. This is the site where DNA replication, transcription, and particle assembly are thought to take place. These factories are also the primary targets of the virophage Mavirus, which utilizes CroV machinery to replicate. Mavirus is a 19,000 kb circular double stranded DNA virus. Maviral infection reduces host cell death by interfering with CroV infection and replication. Mavirus integrates into the genome of cells of Cafeteria roenbergensis, and thereby confers immunity to the population. CroV enters cells via phagocytosis. Once inside the cell, the CroV capsid disassembles and the viral proteins and genome are released. CroV does not use the transcription or translation machinery of the host cell. It remains in the cytoplasm, where a “virus factory” forms and replicates independent of the host cell nucleus. The CroV genome is not integrated into the host cell genome. CroV encodes eight subunits of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and it also encodes at least six transcription factors, which allows the DNA genome to be transcribed into mRNA without the use of the cell’s proteins. CroV can then translate the mRNAs into proteins with help of the cell's translation machine and by using its own tRNA synthetase, tRNA, and translation initiation factors to fine-tune the translation to its own advantage. Host interaction CroV infects Cafeteria roenbergensis, which is a marine zooflagellate. CroV is fatal to the host cell. This impacts coastal ecology because Cafeteria roenbergensis feeds on bacteria found in the water. When there are low numbers of Cafeteria roenbergensis due to extensive CroV infections, the bacterial populations rise exponentially. References External links Biodiversity: More complicated than you think. A new, giant virus is confounding old certainties, The Economist, Oct 28th 2010 Mimiviridae
Michael McCown is an American operatic tenor, based at the Oper Frankfurt. While many of the ninety roles in his repertoire are comprimario, he has portrayed lead roles such as Britten's Captain Vere, Abott and Tempter, and Nebukadnezar. Career McCown was born in Abilene, Texas, the son of a pastor. He studied voice in Boston, and performed during his studies at the Aldeburgh Festival and at the Utah Opera. McCown became a member of the Oper Frankfurt in 2001. He has a repertoire of more than 90 roles, appearing in Frankfurt as Normanno in Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor, the Shepherd in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde, Antonio in The Tempest by Thomas Adès, the Shepherd in Enescu's Œdipe, the Duke of Cornwall in Reimann's Lear and the Prior in by Peter Eötvös. He also appeared as Don Alvar in Meyerbeer's L'Africaine, Fedotik Tri sestry by Eötvös. In 2016, he portrayed Captain Vere in Britten's Billy Budd and, according to a review, "conveyed all the conflicted forces preying on the character's mind". Roles in 2020 included the Second Jew in Salome staged by Barrie Kosky. In 2021 he first sang Leonard in a new production of Nielsen's Maskarade, Rouvel in Giordano's Fedora, and Tinca in Puccini's Il tabarro. He appeared in 2022 in new productions of Mozart's Die Zauberflöte as the First Armed Man, of Tchaikovsky's The Sorceress as Paisi, and of Puccini's Madama Butterfly as Yamadori. In 2023 he performed lead roles in a double bill of Britten's church parables at the Bockenheimer Depot, the double role of Abbot and Tempter in The Prodigal Son, and Nebuchadnezzar in The Burning Fiery Furnace. Axel Zibulski from the FAZ noted that McCown showed the "extreme lightness and luminous agility" ("extreme Leichtigkeit und leuchtende Wendigkeit") that characterised the voice of the composer's partner Peter Pears with whose voice in mind the music was written. He performed as a guest in Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss at the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden. He appeared as Walter von der Vogelweide in Wagner's Tannhäuser at the Aalto Theater in Essen, and as Scaramuccio in Ariadne auf Naxos by Richard Strauss at the Bavarian State Opera in Munich. References External links Michael McCown / Tenor operabase.com Living people Musicians from Cincinnati American operatic tenors 21st-century American singers Year of birth missing (living people)
女性一直不怀孕是什么原因？引起不怀孕的原因非常多，身体状况与年龄，还有情绪、疾病、饮食习惯、日常不良习惯等。最多的就是身体状况异样，比如盆腔因素，这是目前占不孕不育最多的原因之一，输卵管疾病、慢性输卵管炎、输卵管黏膜破坏、积水，盆腔粘连盆腔炎、子宫内膜异位、盆腔与输卵管被破坏，严重的还有子宫肌瘤、生殖器肿瘤、生殖道畸形，这些都是影响女性不孕的疾病，不管哪一种都必须要进行针对性的治疗才能有所缓解，而且女性要积极配合才可以，家庭其了成员要给最大的支持，多照顾女性的情绪，丈夫要积极配合，夫妻双方适当的运动，有助于放松情绪，也可以锻炼身体。不明原因的不孕就是说夫妻双方每项指标都是正常的，但就是不怀孕，这种却无法解释，临床上最大的解释就是情绪控制失常，太过在意是否成功怀孕这件事情，女性不孕主要的检查方式是输卵管不孕检查，通过做软管通液术以及B超检查输卵管、子宫输卵管造影术、腹腔镜检查等，通过在镜下通液试验来观察输卵管是否通畅，同时也可以疏通输卵管，这也是临床检查女性不孕的最常用手段。治疗女性不孕主要先确诊是什么原因，然后再针对性的治疗，这是一个慢长的过程，考验女性的耐心与身体的承受能力，针灸能够治疗不孕症，主要是因为针灸的几个特点和作用，如针灸的整体调节作用，针灸的双向调节作用，还有针灸的病位直接刺激作用，针灸的快捷作用和针灸的安全无毒性，这样的一些优势正好可以针对不孕症周期长，证型复杂的情况，从而进行针对性治疗。
韓茂（），表字元興，安定郡安武县（今甘肃省镇原县西南）人，北魏官员。生平常山太守、武安成侯韓耆之子。韩耆，字黄耇，魏明元帝永兴年间，自赫连勃勃处归顺了北魏，被任命为绥远将军，后来，升迁为龙骧将军、常山太守，假安武侯，率领所部驻守常山之九门。因病去世。赠泾州刺史，谥成。年轻时膂力过人，善于骑射。十七岁时，魏明元帝親征丁零翟猛，韓茂从軍为中軍執幢。以临战执旗，风大不倒，明元帝召他到行在試他騎射。明元帝赏识他，任韓茂为虎賁中郎将。始光三年（426年），魏太武帝征討夏国赫連昌，韓茂从軍获勝利。因軍功受爵蒲陰子，加強弩将軍，转任侍輦郎。始光四年（427年）参加攻打夏都統万，攻下統万。神䴥三年（430年）参加攻打夏国平涼，敵兵应弦而倒，太武帝赞他武勇。任内侍長，受爵九門侯、加冠軍将軍。太延元年（435年），随乐平王拓跋丕攻打北燕和龙，徙其居民。太延元年（435）十一月，魏太武帝东巡冀州和定州，十二月取五回道返回平城，经定州中山郡，进入徐水河谷。魏太武帝即兴在猫儿岩下演示射术，射出的箭越过猫儿岩有三百多步，魏太武帝命令随从擅于射箭的将士数百人都去射箭，射声校尉、安武子韩茂也作为魏军中箭术出众的代表射箭，但没有超过魏太武帝的射程。太延四年（438年），随从太武帝北伐，击破柔然。太延五年（439年）参加攻打北涼，为前锋都将，战功居多。抚恤将士，敢战争先。转任司衛監。以前後功績，任散騎常侍、殿中尚書，受爵安定公，加平南将軍。太平真君六年（445年）和高涼王拓跋那驻扎相州陽平郡，征发冀州百姓在碻磝津造浮橋。太平真君七年（446年），从太武帝破薛永宗，平定盖吴之乱。转任都官尚書。太平真君十一年（450年）随太武帝南征攻打懸瓠，击败刘宋大軍。南征时，韓茂随高涼王拓跋那出青州。魏軍渡淮水，降者相连，韓茂担任徐州刺史撫慰降人。太武帝回到平城正平元年（451年），授韓茂为侍中兼尚书左仆射，加征南将军。正平二年（452年）太武帝驾崩，刘宋檀和之進攻济州，韓茂受南安王拓跋余之命出兵討伐。進軍到济州，檀和之退却。魏文成帝即位，任韓茂为尚書令，加侍中、征南大将军。韓茂性格沉毅篤实，虽读书不多，论议常合事宜。为将善于安抚士兵，勇冠当時，受到朝廷称揚。太安二年（456年）夏，兼太子少師。冬天去世。追贈涇州刺史，追封安定王，諡桓王。子女韓備，長子，字延德，官至江陽男，揚烈将軍，行唐侯，冠軍将軍、太子庶子，寧西将軍，典遊猎曹，散騎常侍，安定公、征南大将軍韓均，字天德，官至范陽子、寧朔将軍，金部尚書、安定康公、征南大将軍，定州刺史，青冀二州刺史，广阿鎮大将，定州刺史。韩均生雅州都督韩皎，韩皎生曹州司马韩仁泰，韩仁泰生桂州长史韩叡素，韩叡素生秘书郎韩仲卿，韩仲卿生韩愈。韩延寿韓天生，官至内厩令，典龍牧曹，持節、平北将軍、沃野鎮将延伸阅读参考资料《魏書》卷51 列传第39 《北史》卷37 列传第25 北魏尚书左仆射北魏尚书令北魏侍中北魏将军北魏公爵北魏王爵北魏刺史镇原人諡桓 M
樂裕民（，），是一位在香港定居的加拿大猶太商人，他是Rock Media International的董事長和Pure Group的聯合創始人，已故藝人李玟的丈夫。早年生活樂裕民出生於1958年，在馬薩諸塞州波士頓長大。1979年，他從佛蒙特大學退學，之後前往香港追尋職業網球夢想。在香港成為香港鄉村俱樂部的網球總教練，更有機會指導當時的利豐集團董事長。在網球事業獲得成功後，他進一步將目光投向商業領域，擔任Rock Media International的董事長並成為Pure Group的聯合創始人。職業生涯樂裕民在香港淺水灣的一家冰淇淋店與加拿大僑民盛智文偶遇後，被其相中並聘用。1981年，他與盛智文共同創立了一家名為科爾比國際公司的成衣貿易公司，並在1986年至2000年期間擔任首席執行官兼總裁。在2000年，馮國經和利豐以22億美元收購了科爾比，樂裕民於2011年至2014年擔任利豐首席執行官。 2014年，利豐將旗下業務分拆成利標品牌上市（直至2022年7月22日撤銷上市）。同年5月，樂裕民成為利標品牌集團的副董事長兼首席執行官。當時，利標品牌集團為Calvin Klein、Kate Spade、Disney、Coach和Tommy Hilfiger等品牌生產服裝、鞋子和配飾。此外，他也是The Pure Group健身和餐飲連鎖店的聯合創始人兼非執行主席。樂裕民同時擔任沃頓商學院Jay H Baker零售中心和時裝技術學院顧問委員會的成員。個人生活樂裕民在第一次婚姻中育有兩個女兒。他於2011年10月與香港出生的美籍華人歌手李玟再婚。在他們的婚禮上，布魯諾·馬爾斯、艾莉西亚·凯斯和尼歐等藝人為他們獻唱。在2008年，為了給慶祝李玟生日，樂裕民為未婚妻李玟在香港君悅酒店舉辦了一場盛大派對，菲利普·格林、理查德·卡林、所羅門·盧和馬克·埃科等名人出席，並有蒂塔·萬提斯、莱昂纳尔·里奇、蕾哈娜、珠儿和大衛·布萊恩等音樂巨星演出。 2023年7月2日，李玟因抑鬱症於香港住所割脈自殺，家姐否認割脈輕生傳李玟死前暴食窒息死，家人發現送往瑪麗醫院後一直昏迷，延至7月5日不治，享年48歲。其後樂裕民以女兒Rachel、Sarah，以及李玟兩位姐姐的名義發表訃告，惟李玟的二姐李思林否認訃告是在雙方共同商量後發出。參考資料加拿大首席執行官加拿大猶太人加拿大商人香港商人佛蒙特大學校友利豐波士頓人取得香港特別行政區居留權人士網球教練
奉恩鎮國公載鋼（），愛新覺羅氏，貝勒奕綸第九子，母妾皮氏，慎郡王系第六代。他在道光三年九月（1823年）出生，道光二十四年十二月（1844年）受封一等輔國將軍，同治四年七月（1865年）成為貝勒奕綺的繼子，並接替弟弟成為慎郡王第六代，但因為慎郡王並非世襲罔替的爵位，因此他的封爵只是奉恩鎮國公。光緒七年十二月（合1882年）他去世，虛齡五十九岁，由長子溥泰襲封慎郡王系第七代。嫡妻為毅勇公博啓圖之女（富察氏），繼妻為承恩公西敏之女（鈕祜祿氏）。注释参考文献《愛新覺羅宗譜》清朝宗室奉恩镇国公侍衛處三等侍衛章京鑲藍旗滿洲人愛新覺羅氏
Luke 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records one miracle performed by Jesus Christ on a Sabbath day, followed by his teachings and parables, where he "inculcates humility ... and points out whom we should invite to our feasts, if we expect spiritual remuneration". The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles. Text The original text was written in Koine Greek. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are: Papyrus 75 (AD 175-225; verse 27 contains a staurogram) Papyrus 45 (~250) Codex Vaticanus (325-350) Codex Sinaiticus (330-360) Codex Bezae (~400) Codex Washingtonianus (~400) Codex Alexandrinus (400-440) Papyrus 97 (~600; extant verses 7-14). This chapter is divided into 35 verses. Jesus being carefully watched The chapter opens on a Sabbath day, when Jesus has been invited into the home of one of the rulers of the Pharisees, presumably directly after the synagogue service. He is 'watched carefully' or 'craftily'. F. W. Farrar in the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges notes a resonance with the words of : The wicked watches the righteous, and seeks to slay him. A man with dropsy (swellings caused by bodily fluids, also called edema) is there. While he may have come as one "well known to the family", Irish Archbishop John McEvilly suggests that he may have been "introduced by the Pharisees on purpose to see if our Lord would cure him on the Sabbath". Verses 3-6 And Jesus, answering, spoke to the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?” Nothing had been said; Jesus responds to the thoughts of his adversaries. He heals the man, and lets him go (or sends him away). A further dialogue follows: "Which of you, having a son or an ox that has fallen into a well, will not immediately pull him out on a sabbath day?" And they could not reply to this. Some manuscripts, in place of "a son", refer to a donkey. Go and sit in the lowest place This pericope (verses 7 to 14), also known as the Parable of the Wedding Feast, is one of the parables of Jesus which is only found in the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament and directly precedes the Parable of the Great Banquet in . In Matthew's Gospel, the parallel passage to Luke's Parable of the Great Banquet is also set as a wedding feast (Matthew 22:1-14). Jesus always made his parables relatable to the layman. A wedding, in the days of the Jews, was a very sacred and joyous thing. Some even lasted up to or more than a week. When Jesus told this parable, many people were able to understand the picture he was trying to create because he used a Jewish wedding as the setting of the story. Luke's saying that "Every one that exalteth himself shall be humbled; but he that humbleth himself shall be exalted" is also found in and . It is similar to Matthew 18:4. David Brown notes that this parable includes "a reproduction" of Proverbs 25:6–7. Parable of the Great Supper The Parable of the Great Banquet or the Wedding Feast or the Marriage of the King's Son (verses 16-24) is also found in Matthew . A variant of the parable also appears in Saying 64 of the Gnostic Gospel of Thomas. Many guests are invited to the banquet, but they "all alike" offered excuses, of which three examples are given. The eschatological image of a wedding also occurs in the parable of the Faithful Servant and the parable of the Ten Virgins. Here, it includes the extension of the original invitation (to Jews) to also include Gentiles. In Luke, the invitation is extended particularly to "the poor, the crippled, the blind and the lame" (), evidencing explicit concern for the "poor and the outcasts". Leaving All to Follow Christ Counting the Cost, or in the NIV: The Cost of Being a Disciple or in the NRSV: The Cost of Discipleship or in the NKJV: Leaving All to Follow Christ, are titles given to verses 25-33 in this chapter, which include a pair of illustrations of the importance of deliberating in advance "whether they were able and prepared to bear all their losses and persecutions to which the profession of the gospel would expose them". The first title comes from the phrase "count the cost", which occurs in the King James Version of the passage, as well as some other versions. Eric Franklin argues that the requirement to "hate" in verse 26 is "Semitic exaggeration",; the Jerusalem Bible calls is a "Hebraism" whose call is "not for hate, but for total detachment, and Joseph Benson envisages that hatred "signifies only an inferior degree of love". American New Testament scholar Joel B. Green suggests that it is unclear what kind of tower is being referred to in the first illustration, but notes that the message is that a "thoroughgoing fidelity to God's salvific aim" is required, "manifest in one's identity as a disciple of Jesus". This involves putting family and possessions second, as in Matthew 8:18–22 and . This command is interpreted and practised in different ways by different Christians. Some groups, such as the Bruderhof or Hutterites see it as a call to forsake all possessions to follow Jesus. Others read it simply as a matter of having Christ be the center of one's heart. Salt 34 Salt is good; but if the salt has lost its flavor, how shall it be seasoned? 35 It is neither fit for the land nor for the dunghill, but men throw it out. He who has ears to hear, let him hear! Salt is 'good' in biblical thought for giving taste where there is none. Job asks Can flavorless food be eaten without salt? Salt preserves what would otherwise perish, and Numbers 18:19 refers to a covenant of salt between the and Aaron and his descendants, but "whether salt can lose its flavour has been much debated". See also Sermon on the Mount Sermon on the Plain Ministry of Jesus Parables of Jesus Other related Bible parts: Matthew 5, 22, 23 References External links King James Bible - Wikisource English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.) Gospel of Luke chapters
义州，南梁、南陈、隋朝、唐朝时设置的州。南朝梁普通二年（521年）之前置义州，治在义城郡苞信县（今河南商城县西）。次年，刺史文僧明叛梁投降北魏，被裴邃平定。下辖义城郡苞信县、边城郡边城县。之后北齐占据，义城郡苞信县属于南建州。南梁迁移义州到湖北罗田县东六十里一带，义州义城郡下辖罗田县，南陈沿置。隋文帝开皇二年（582年）废。唐高祖武德三年（620年）唐朝以光州的殷城县复置义州。治殷城县（今河南商城县西）。属光州都督府。唐太宗贞观元年（627年）废义州。殷城县属于光州。参考资料《中国行政区划通史·三国两晋南朝卷》《中国行政区划通史·隋代卷》《中国行政区划通史·唐代卷》南梁的州南陈的州隋朝的州唐朝的州河南的州湖北的州信阳行政区划史黄冈行政区划史
建安镇，是下辖的一个乡镇级行政单位。行政区划建安镇下辖以下地区：。参考资料
Belmont is a village in southern inland Saint Vincent, in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It is located to the east of the capital, Kingstown and northwest of Stubbs. References Scott, C. R. (ed.) (2005) Insight guide: Caribbean (5th edition). London: Apa Publications. Populated places in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
怎么预防尿道炎复发？尿道炎是人们日常生活中常会发生的一种疾病，尤其在女性患者身上发生的几率高一些，而其实这种疾病是由于多种细菌感染所引起的，给患者所带来的影响和危害也都是非常严重的，是不容忽视的疾病之一。但是这种疾病尽管在接受治疗之后，也是有复发的可能的，而且这种几率也是很多的。那么怎样才能预防尿道炎复发呢，现在我给大家简单的介绍一下吧。首先如果要预防尿道炎应注意自身卫生，因为女性尿道口的位置特殊所以很容易受到细菌的感染。坚持大量饮水也是预防尿道炎的方法，因为肾脏排泄的尿液，对膀胱和尿道起着冲洗作用，有利于细菌的排出。如果每天2~3小时排尿一次，那么就能够避免细菌在尿路的繁殖，可降低尿路感染的发病率。在患有尿道炎以后，也要每天大量的饮水，这样对于疾病的恢复起着一定的作用。常坐浴不好，也不要过度清洁，长期冲洗可能将细菌引入阴道，同时将正常的良性菌冲走，使具感染性的大肠杆菌占据，另外也可能发生尿道不舒服，感觉像尿道感染一般，刺激的消毒皂也可能导致相同结果，改变阴道的菌群，使人更易受感染。最后如果要预防尿道炎反复发作，尽量避免使用尿路感染器械和插管。因为尿路器械易把尿道远端的细菌带入膀胱和上尿路，所以在尿路插管后易发生持续性菌尿，因此，应尽量避免使用。就算要使用也需要严格消毒，而且在使用48小时后，需要做尿培养，以观察是否发生尿路感染。对于反复发作的尿道炎除了预防外，还需要积极的治疗。对尿道炎的治疗来说，利尿消炎葯丸中的清热解毒药物的运用，能够起到很好的杀菌疗效。
德勒区（）是法国厄尔-卢瓦省所辖的一个区。总面积1500.5平方公里，总人口128924，人口密度86人/平方公里（2018年）。主要城镇为德勒。辖区德勒区辖有108个市镇。厄尔-卢瓦省的区
芬布芬的用法用量？注意：同种药品可由于不同的包装规格有不同的用法或用量。本文只供参考。如果不确定，请参看药品随带的说明书或向医生询问。口服。成人每次0.3g，每日二次（必要时三次）或按医嘱使用。
什么是甲状腺双侧叶弥漫性改变呢？甲状腺疾病在我们的生活当中并不少见。常见的有甲状腺亢进和甲减。而甲状腺弥漫性改变也是甲状腺的一种病症。由于各病种治疗方案不同，故有必要对此类疾病进行治疗前定性诊断。对甲状腺弥漫性病变要加以重视，这是甲状腺超声的一个术语，说明甲状腺的两侧叶都出现了不同程度的病理性变化。很多因素都会导致甲状腺出现弥漫性的病变，比如结节性甲状腺肿、桥本氏甲状腺炎等。因此，在发现后要积极护理，主要有：1、适当休息与活动。临床症状显著时应及时卧床休息为主，尤其是食后1到2个小时应限制活动;临床症状明显改善时在注意休息的同时适当活动或进行体育锻炼，切忌过度劳累;无临床症状，各项实验室检查均正常可以不限制活动。2、情志护理。中医认为人的精神状态与机体的脏腑气血密切相关，人的情志活动与心藏神的功能密切相关，凡是精神饱满.心胸开朗的病人，疗效一般较好，相反则较差。因此，在护理上要关心体贴病人，多与病人交谈，了解病人的思想状态，引导病人放下思想疑3、饮食护理。饮食应以高热量、高蛋白、高维生素摄入为原则，少用辛辣刺激性佐料食物,食物应软易于消化，富与营养;不要多食高碘食物，比如：海蜇、海带、紫菜、海苔以及藻类食物等，不吸烟、不喝酒、浓茶和咖啡。生活中要积极预防甲状腺双侧叶弥漫性改变，要注意1、尽量避免儿童期头颈部X线照射。2、保持精神愉快,防止情志内伤,是预防本病发生的重要方面。3、避免应用雌激素。4、对甲状腺增生性疾病及良性肿瘤应到医院进行积极、正规的治疗。
西班牙栓皮栎（学名：）为壳斗科栎属下的一个种。是一種中型常綠橡樹，原產於西北亞和西南歐。常被用來製作軟木塞，因此又被稱為軟木橡樹或木塞橡樹。軟木橡樹最高可生長到20公尺，但在一般自然環境卻少有如此高大。葉長約4~7厘米邊緣微裂或有鋸齒狀，葉面暗綠色葉背則呈現泛白色，葉於支末端呈自然垂落狀。種子約2~3公分長，與一般橡樹子不同在於殼斗呈現流蘇杯狀。生態環境天然軟木橡樹林是可提供多樣生態的環境。例如，北非西北角摩洛哥一帶的軟木橡樹林則是瀕臨絕種的巴巴里獼猴很好的棲息地，另外在歐洲葡萄牙及西班牙一帶軟木橡樹林保護了瀕臨絕種的伊比利亚猞猁。相較於其它樹木，軟木橡樹厚重的軟木樹皮在森林火災時能適當阻絕火焰對樹木本身的傷害，使軟木橡樹於火災結束後仍能樹冠及支末快速長出新的樹葉。参考文献扩展阅读 X X X
In grammar, the ablative case (pronounced ; sometimes abbreviated ) is a grammatical case for nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in the grammars of various languages; it is sometimes used to express motion away from something, among other uses. The word "ablative" derives from the Latin , the (irregular) perfect, passive participle of auferre "to carry away". The ablative case is found in several language families, such as Indo-European (e.g., Sanskrit, Latin, Albanian, Armenian), Turkic (e.g., Turkish, Turkmen, Azerbaijani, Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar), Tungusic (e.g., Manchu, Evenki), Uralic (e.g., Hungarian), and the Dravidian languages. There is no ablative case in modern Germanic languages such as German and English. There was an ablative case in the early stages of Ancient Greek, but it quickly fell into disuse by the classical period. Indo-European languages Latin The ablative case in Latin (cāsus ablātīvus) appears in various grammatical constructions, including following various prepositions, in an ablative absolute clause, and adverbially. The Latin ablative case was derived from three Proto-Indo-European cases: ablative (from), instrumental (with), and locative (in/at). Greek In Ancient Greek, there was an ablative case ( ) which was used in the Homeric, pre-Mycenaean, and Mycenean periods. It fell into disuse during the classical period and thereafter with some of its functions taken by the genitive and others by the dative. The genitive case with the prepositions "away from" and "out of" is an example. German German does not have an ablative case but, exceptionally, Latin ablative case-forms were used from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century after some prepositions, for example after von in von dem Nomine: ablative of the Latin loanword Nomen. Grammarians at that time, Justus Georg Schottel, Kaspar von Stieler ("der Spate"), Johann Balthasar von Antesperg and Johann Christoph Gottsched, listed an ablative case (as the sixth case after nominative, genitive, dative, accusative and vocative) for German words. They arbitrarily considered the dative case after some prepositions to be an ablative, as in ("from the man" or "of the man") and ("with the man"), while they considered the dative case after other prepositions or without a preposition, as in , to be a dative. Albanian The ablative case is found in Albanian; it is the fifth case, rasa rrjedhore. Sanskrit In Sanskrit, the ablative case is the fifth case (pañcamī) and has a similar function to that in Latin. Sanskrit nouns in the ablative often refer to a subject "out of" which or "from" whom something (an action, an object) has arisen or occurred: pátram taróḥ pátati "the leaf falls from the tree". It is also used for nouns in several other senses, as for actions occurring "because of" or "without" a certain noun, indicating distance or direction. When it appears with a comparative adjective, (śreṣṭhatamam, "the best"), the ablative is used to refer to what the adjective is comparing: "better than X". Armenian The modern Armenian ablative has different markers for each main dialect, both originating from Classical Armenian. The Western Armenian affix -է -ē (definite -էն -ēn) derives from the classical singular; the Eastern Armenian affix -ից -ic’ (both indefinite and definite) derives from the classical plural. For both dialects, those affixes are singular, with the corresponding plurals being -(ն)երէ(ն) and -(ն)երից . The ablative case has several uses. Its principal function is to show "motion away" from a location, point in space or time: It also shows the agent when it is used with the passive voice of the verb: It is also used for comparative statements in colloquial Armenian (including infinitives and participles): Finally, it governs certain postpositions: Uralic languages Finnish In Finnish, the ablative case is the sixth of the locative cases with the meaning "from, off, of": pöytä – pöydältä "table – off from the table". It is an outer locative case, used like the adessive and allative cases, to denote both being on top of something and "being around the place" (as opposed to the inner locative case, the elative, which means "from out of" or "from the inside of"). With the locative, the receding object was near the other place or object, not inside it. The Finnish ablative is also used in time expressions to indicate times of something happening (kymmeneltä "at ten") as well as with verbs expressing feelings or emotions. The Finnish ablative has the ending -lta or -ltä, depending on vowel harmony. Usage away from a place katolta: off the roof pöydältä: off the table rannalta: from the beach maalta: from the land mereltä: from the sea from a person, object or other entity häneltä: from him/her/them with the verb lähteä (stop) lähteä tupakalta: stop smoking (in the sense of putting out the cigarette one is smoking now, lit. 'leave from the tobacco') lähteä hippasilta: stop playing tag (hippa=tag, olla hippasilla=playing tag) to smell/taste/feel/look/sound like something haisee pahalta: smells bad maistuu hyvältä: tastes good tuntuu kamalalta: feels awful näyttää tyhmältä: looks stupid kuulostaa mukavalta: sounds nice Estonian The ablative case in Estonian is the ninth case and has a similar function to that in Hungarian. Hungarian The ablative case in Hungarian is used to describe movement away from, as well as a concept, object, act or event originating from an object, person, location or entity. For example, one walking away from a friend who gave him a gift could say the following: a barátomtól jövök (I am coming (away) from my friend). a barátomtól kaptam egy ajándékot (I got a gift from my friend). When used to describe movement away from a location, the case may only refer to movement from the general vicinity of the location and not from inside of it. Thus, a postától jövök would mean one had been standing next to the post office before, not inside the building. When the case is used to refer to the origin of a possible act or event, the act/event may be implied while not explicitly stated, such as : I will defend you from the robber. The application of vowel harmony gives two different suffixes: -tól and -től. These are applied to back-vowel and front-vowel words, respectively. Hungarian has a narrower delative case, similar to ablative, but more specific: movement off/from a surface of something, with suffixes -ról and -ről. Turkic languages Azerbaijani The ablative in Azerbaijani () is expressed through the suffixes -dan or -dən: Ev – evdən House – from/off the house Aparmaq – aparmaqdan To carry – from/off carrying Tatar The ablative in Tatar () is expressed through the suffixes -дан or -дән or -тан or -тән or -нан or -нән: Өй - өйдән House - from/off the house Turkish The ablative in Turkish (-den hali or ayrılma hali) is expressed through the suffix -den (which changes to -dan, -ten or -tan to accommodate the vowel and voicing harmony): Ev – evden House – from/off the house At – attan Horse – from/off the horse Taşımak – taşımaktan To carry – from/off carrying Ses – sesten Sound/volume – from/off sound/volume In some situations simple ablative can have a "because of" meaning; in these situations, ablative can be optionally followed by the postposition dolayı "because of". Yüksek sesten (dolayı) rahatsız oldum. / I was uneasy because of high volume. Tungusic Manchu The ablative in Manchu is expressed through the suffix -ci and can also be used to express comparisons. It is usually not directly attached to its parent word. Evenki The ablative in Evenki is expressed with the suffix -duk. See also Allative case Delative case Locative case Further reading References Grammatical cases
15岁双侧隐睾手术后能正常生育吗？睾丸对于男性来说是非常重要的生殖器官，但是，生活中也有人有双侧隐睾，隐睾是先天性阴囊内没有睾丸，那么，15岁双侧隐睾手术后能正常生育吗？以下就为大家介绍下。1、双侧隐睾手术后，大部分都能正常分娩。研究表明，双侧隐睾不育症高达50，单侧隐睾不育症高达30，或者双侧隐睾的诊断，建议尽早进行隐睾复位手术，因为隐睾位于腹膜后和腹股沟管，其温度比阴囊高1.5-2度，正常睾丸生精小管的生精功能会受到损害，导致生精障碍，最终不育。建议隐睾确诊后，应在早期手术。2、双侧隐睾手术后一般来说是不影响生育的，一定要彻底的改变饮食习惯，孩子做过手术后，一定要让孩子多注意休息，避免过度劳累，让孩子注意局部的保暖，避免着凉，同时要及时的换药，孩子好一些可以带孩子到户外做一些运动，加强自身的免疫功能。15岁双侧隐睾手术后能正常生育吗？通过文章的介绍，我们知道了一般是不影响生育的，但是如果担心的话，手术后可以定期带孩子去医院进行检查。
喉喑的并发症？《针灸资生经.第六》：风府、承浆，喑不能言。……听宫治失声，颊车治失音，阴郄治失音不能言。
白桥镇，是下辖的一个乡镇级行政单位。行政区划白桥镇下辖以下地区：。人口 2010年中国第六次人口普查时，白桥乡共有人口44996人。共有家庭12247户，平均每户3.66人。14岁以下的少年儿童共8058人，占总人口17.90%；15-64岁人口共32053人，占总人口71.23%；65岁及以上的老年人共4885人，占总人口的10.85%。男性共计22641人，占总人口50.31%；女性共计22355，占总人口49.68%。本地居住的人口中，拥有本地户籍的人口为44445人，占98.77%。参考资料
棕褐盾蛭（学名：）为舌蛭科盾蛭属的动物。分布于印度、印度尼西亚以及中国大陆的湖北等地，营寄生生活，无正式宿主记载。该物种的模式产地在印度。参考文献棕褐盾蛭
廣瀨野鳥之森站（）是位於埼玉縣熊谷市廣瀨1040番1號，秩父鐵道的秩父本線車站。車站名稱由熊谷市內居民與前往市內通勤者作為對象分開招募，最後在174人中。選出車站名稱。歷史 2003年（平成15年）3月27日 - 車站啟用。車站構造此站是地面車站，設有1面1線的單式月台。此站是由熊谷站管理的業務委託車站。車站職員當值時間為平日7:00～20:00，星期六日7:00～19:00。車站大樓位於月台靠近三峰口一端。車站入口、車站大樓之間設有斜道，而大樓與月台之間提供了無障礙環境。廁所位於閘口內，為男女分開的濕廁，也設有男女共用的無障礙廁所。使用狀況在2018年度1日平均乘車人次為603人。車站周邊在車站啟用後，周邊開始高速發展住宅區。熊谷市野鳥之森公園（熊谷櫻花運動公園）熊谷大麻生公園熊谷高爾夫俱樂部荒川沒有巴士路線駛入站前。最近的巴士站是向北步行6分鐘國道140號上的櫻花號「廣瀨西巴士站」巴士站。相鄰車站秩父鐵道秩父本線 SL「」、急行「」通過（在WakuWaku鐵道節舉行期間，下行1班會臨時停站）普通石原－廣瀨野鳥之森－（（貨）廣瀨川原）－大麻生注腳相關條目日本鐵路車站列表 Hi 外部連結車站情報廣瀨野鳥之森站（秩父鐵道） roseYachounomori 2003年啟用的鐵路車站秩父本線車站熊谷市鐵路車站
呼吸系统疾病伴发的精神障碍的鉴别诊断？主要是精神障碍的鉴别诊断。器质性与非器质性精神障碍的鉴别十分重要，否则会延误诊断和治疗。有时在一些器质性病因不明显的病例鉴别甚为困难，如上所述躯体疾病有时会出现一些功能性精神疾病症状，如焦虑、抑郁、类精神分裂症、躁狂等，此时要区别是躯体疾病伴发的器质性精神障碍，还是为其所诱发的精神疾病;当躯体疾病伴有失眠、焦虑、抑郁等症状时，是由生物学因素的影响，还是躯体疾病带来的心理应激所致;既精神分裂样表现需要与精神分裂症相鉴别。临床往往很难区分，而且两者也常常是共存的。症状性精神障碍实质是指前者。两者的鉴别主要依靠医生掌握全面的病史(包括躯体和精神疾病史)，根据慢性肺部疾病史、肺功能不全及阵发性精神紊乱，病程中可能出现的意识障碍，仔细的体格检查及相应的生化及内分泌等实验室阳性发现，进行综合判定以资鉴别。
本杰明·齐默（，）是一位美国语言学家和辭書學家。他是牛津大學出版社版美国语言词典的编辑，曾是《华尔街日报》的语言专栏作家和《大西洋》雜誌的特约编辑，也曾为《波士頓環球報》《紐約時報書評》等报纸杂志的语言学专栏撰稿。参考文献外部链接 Official website , including biography and archive of writings Contributor profile, Language Log From A to Zimmer, OUPblog, Oxford University Press Contributor profile , Visual Thesaurus 美国语言学家美国词典编纂者耶魯大學校友芝加哥大学校友賓夕法尼亞大學教師加利福尼亞大學洛杉磯分校教師凯尼恩学院教师罗格斯大学教师华尔街日报人物
Labiobarbus siamensis is a freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae native to the rivers of Thailand. Habitat Freshwater Dispersion Chao Phraya River, Mekong River, Mae Klong River, and the southern tributary of Thailand. Utilization Fishery: Trade References External links http://fishbase.org/summary/27192 siamensis Fish of Thailand Taxa named by Henri Émile Sauvage Fish described in 1881

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