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止咳橘红口服液成分或处方？化橘红、瓜蒌皮、石膏、麦冬、知母、款冬花、紫菀、法半夏、茯苓、苦杏仁(炒)、桔梗、甘草等15味。
FIJET (Fédération Internationale des Journalistes et Ecrivains du Tourisme; in English World Federation of Travel Journalists and Writers) is a professional organization of travel journalists and travel writers. History 4 Dec 1954, Paris (France), at the suggestion of French and Belgian travel journalists' and writers' associations. Previously also referred to in English as International Federation of Travel Journalists and Writers. By-laws adopted by the General Assembly at the 2006 FIJET World Congress in Karlovy Vary and amended at the 2008 FIJET World Congress in Slovenia, the 52nd FIJET World Congress in Turkey in 2012, the 56 World Congress in Hungary in 2014 and in 58th Fijet congress in Moscow. Objectives The principal and permanent objectives of FIJET are: The Golden Apple Award "La Pomme d'Or" or "The Golden Apple" is the FIJET equivalent of the Oscar, established in 1970. This award for excellence is presented each year to an organization, country, city, or person in recognition of superior efforts in promoting and raising the level of tourism. FIJET Academy The FIJET Young Journalists Program provides an opportunity for young journalists to work with experienced tourism journalists and visit some tourism resorts. The program includes seminars, workshops and hands-on learning experiences. Participating journalists are also given tours and opportunities to meet and talk with tourism professionals. Participating students collaborate on writing and presenting an article or report (to be selected by the students) during the course of studies. Students are also required to write (for print publications) or produce (for radio and television) a report on the host country. x References Professional associations based in France Travel-related organizations Travel writing
David J. Gunkel (born September 9, 1962) is an American academic and Presidential Teaching Professor of Communication Studies at Northern Illinois University. He teaches courses in web design and programming, information and communication technology (ICT), and cyberculture. His research and publications examine the philosophical assumptions and ethical consequences of ICT. He has served as the managing editor of the International Journal of Žižek Studies. Gunkel has published research and provided media commentary on the topics of machine ethics, the digital divide, telematic technologies, new media, Slavoj Žižek Studies, as well as various aspects of internet culture and cyberculture. His most widely cited material comes from three books, Hacking Cyberspace (2001), which examines the metaphors applied to new technologies, and how those metaphors inform, shape, and drive the implementation of the technology in question; Thinking Otherwise: Philosophy, Communication, Technology (2007), which investigates the unique quandaries, complications, and possibilities introduced by a form of 'otherness' that veils, through technology, the identity of the 'Other'; and The Machine Question: Critical Perspectives on AI, Robots and Ethics (2012) which examines whether and to what extent intelligent and autonomous machines of our own making can be considered to have legitimate moral responsibilities and any legitimate claim to moral consideration. This book won "best book of the year" from the National Communication Association's (NCA) Communication Ethics Division. Another piece on print culture and the transition to an electronic medium and culture titled What's the Matter with Books? has been cited in numerous articles on print culture and the digital revolution. And an article on remix titled Rethinking the Digital Remix: Mash-ups and the Metaphysics of Sound Recording has been subsequently referenced in books and articles on remix culture and mashups. Gunkel has just completed his fourth book, Heidegger and Media (Polity, 2014), which he wrote in collaboration with Paul A. Taylor of the University of Leeds (UK). He has a PhD in philosophy from DePaul University (1996), where he wrote a dissertation on G.W.F. Hegel and an MA from Loyola University, Chicago. His BA was completed at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where he earned a double major in philosophy and communication. He is married with one son. Formed a rock group with Abe Glazer named 'Too Much Education', first album with same name released 1988. Recorded and mixed at Saw Mill studios Chicago, IL. Bibliography References External links Personal and Professional site " Žižek Studies Home International Communications Association Newsletter American male writers Mass media theorists Living people Northern Illinois University faculty Loyola University Chicago alumni DePaul University alumni University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni 1962 births
Miloslav Rechcigl, Jr., or Mila Rechcigl, is a trained biochemist, nutritionist and cancer researcher, writer, editor, historian, bibliographer and genealogist. He was one of the founders and past President for many years of the Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences. Biography Rechcigl was born on 30 July 1930 in Mladá Boleslav, Czechoslovakia. His father, Miloslav Rechcigl, Sr., was a prominent politician in the pre-World War II Czechoslovakia, having been elected as the youngest member to the Czechoslovak Parliament and who held the position of President of the Millers Association of Bohemia and Moravia. After the communist takeover, he escaped from his native country and in 1950 immigrated to the United States, where he became a naturalized citizen in 1955. He studied at Cornell University from 1951 to 1958, receiving his B.S., M.N.S., and Ph.D. degrees there, specializing in biochemistry, nutrition, physiology, and food science. He then spent two years conducting research at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, as a Postdoctoral Research Fellow. Subsequently, he was appointed as research biochemist to the staff of the Laboratory of Biochemistry at the National Cancer Institute. During 1968–69 he was selected for one year of training in a special USPHS executive program in health administration, research management, grants administration, and science policy. This led to his appointment as Special Assistant for Nutrition and Health in the Health Services and Mental Health Administration. In 1970 he joined the US Agency for International Development, which was originally a part of the US Department of State, as nutrition advisor and later was put in charge of research program. Research activities In his research, he initially specialized in amino acid metabolism, including the utilization of D-amino acids and non specific forms of nitrogen. He then studied the relationship between protein and vitamin A which led to the finding that the amount, as well as biological value, of dietary protein are important in the process of converting carotene to vitamin A. Other studies dealt with metabolic changes during cachexia of tumor-bearing animals. One of the most striking effects of tumor on the host was the depression of enzyme catalase in the livers and in the kidneys which some investigators thought was due to a hypothetical substance, referred to as toxohormone. This was disproved by finding significant levels of the enzyme in liver tumors. A number of his studies dealt with the question of enzyme turnover in vivo. Using specific metabolic inhibitors, he evaluated relative rates of synthesis and degradation of the enzyme catalase under a variety of physiological, pathological and pharmacological conditions. These studies led to the conclusion that the rate of synthesis rather than the rate of destruction may be the preferential way of the mammalian organism to control its enzyme levels. His finding of greatly different levels of catalase activity in certain substrains of mice, which were under genetic control, provided an excellent model for pursuing fundamental research in biochemical genetics in the mammalian system. The analyses of the first, the second the backcross generations between high-enzyme and low-enzyme mouse substrains showed that the difference was due to a single autosomal gene pair with low dominant to high. Using specific metabolic inhibitors, it was subsequently found that the genetic difference between the two substrains lies primarily in the markedly increased rate of the enzyme destruction in the liver of one of the substrains. This was a unique finding since in all normal rats and mice studied previously the rates of enzyme destruction seemed to be almost constant. Although transient alteration in the rate of enzyme degradation has been observed under certain physiological conditions with other enzyme systems, the observation on catalase iwas believed to be the first demonstration of such regulatory mechanism under genetic control. Other studies dealt with the morphology, biochemistry and physiology of microbodies, on which he collaborated with Prof. Z.. Hruban of the University of Chicago, that led to the monograph Microbodies and Related Particles (1969). Scientific publications He is the author or editor of over thirty monographs and handbooks in the field of biochemistry, physiology, nutrition, food science and food technology, agriculture, and international development, in addition to a large number of scientific articles and book chapters, including: Monographs Microbodies and Related Particles. (International Review of Cytology. Supplement No. 1). New York and London, Academic Press, 1969. 296 pp.; also in Russian. Enzyme Synthesis and Degradation in Mammalian Systems. Basel-Munchen-Paris-London-New York-Sydney: S. Karger, 1971. 477 pp. Food, Nutrition and Health. A Multidisciplinary Treatise Addressed to the Major Nutrition Problems from a World Wide Perspective. Basel-Munchen- Paris-London-New York-Sydney: S. Karger, 1973. 516 pp. Man, Food, and Nutrition. Strategies and Technological Measures for Alleviating the World Food Problem. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1973. 344 pp. World Food Problem. A Selective Bibliography of Reviews. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1975. 211 pp. Comparative Animal Nutrition. Vol. 1. Carbohydrates, Lipids, and accessory Growth Factors. Basel-Munchen-Paris-London-New York-Sydney: S. Karger, 1976. 223 pp. Comparative Animal Nutrition. Vol. 2 Nutrient Elements and Toxicants. Basel-Munchen-Paris-London-New York-Sydney: S. Karger, 1977. 208 pp. Comparative Animal Nutrition. Vol. 3. Nitrogen, Electrolytes, Water and Energy Metabolism. Basel-Munchen-Paris-London-New York- Sydney: S.Karger, 1979. 260 pp. Comparative Animal Nutrition. Vol. 4. Physiology of Growth and Nutrition. Basel-Munchen-Paris-London-New York-Sydney: S. Karger, 1981. 341 pp. Nutrition and World Food Problem. Basel-Munchen-Paris-London-New York-Sydney: S. Karger, 1979. 375 pp. Handbooks CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Nutritional Requirements. Vol. 1. Comparative and Quantitative Requirements. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1977. 551 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. G. Diets, Culture Media, Food Supplements. Vol. 1. Dits for Mammals. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1977. 645 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. G. Diets, Culture Media, Food Supplements. Vol. 2. Food Habits of and Diets for Invertebrates and Vertebrates. Zoo diets. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1977. 462 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. G. Diets, Culture Media, Food Supplements. Vol. 3. Culture Media for Microorganisms and Plants. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1978. 647 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. G. Diets, Culture Media, Food Supplements. Vol. 4. Culture Media for Cells, Organs and Embryos. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press, 1977. 469 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. E. Nutritional Disorders. Vol. 1. Effect of Nutrient Excesses and Toxicities in Animals and Man. West Palm Beach, FL: CRC Press, 1978. 518 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. E. Nutritional Disorders. Vol. 2. Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies in Animals. West Palm Beach, FL: CRC Press, 1978. 548 pp. CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food. Sect. E. Nutritional Disorders. Vol. 3. Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies in Man. West Palm Beach, FL: CRC Press, 1978. 388 pp. CRC Handbook of Nutritional Requirements in a Functional Context. Vol. 1. Development and Conditions of Physiologic Stress. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1981. 542 pp. CRC Handbook of Nutritional Requirements in a Functional context. vol. 2. Hematopoiesis and Resistance to Physical Stress. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1981. 594 pp. CRC Handbook of Nutritive Value of Processed Food. vol. 1. Food for Human Use. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1982. 679 pp. CRC Handbook of Nutritive Value of Processed Food. Vol. 2. Animal Feedstuffs. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1982. 499 pp. CRC Handbook of Agricultural Productivity. Vol. 1. Plant Productivity. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1982. 468 pp. CRC Handbook of Agricultural Productivity. vol. 2. Animal Productivity. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1982. 396 pp. CRC Handbook of Nutritional Supplements. Vol. 1. Human Use. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1983. 564 pp. CRC Handbook of Nutritional Supplements. Vol. 2. Agricultural Use. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1983. 412 pp. CRC Hanndvook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants. Boca Raton. FL: CRC Press, 1983. 339 pp. CRC Handbook of Foodborne Diseases of Biological Origin. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1983. 518 pp. Czech-American activism Apart from his purely scientific endeavors as a researcher and science administrator, Dr. Rechcigl devoted almost 50 years of his life to the Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences (SVU), an international organization, with headquarters in Washington, D. C. He was responsible for the first two Society's World Congresses, both of which were a great success and which put the Society on the world map. He also edited the Congress lectures and arranged for their publication, under the title The Czechoslovak Contribution to World Culture and Czechoslovakia Past and Present The publications received acclaim in the American academic circles and greatly contributed to the growing prestige of the Society worldwide. Dr. Rechcigl was also involved, one way or another, with most of the subsequent SVU World Congresses, including the recent SVU Congresses in Prague, Brno, Bratislava, Washington, D.C., Plzeň, Olomouc and České Budějovice. Prior to his last term as the SVU President (2004–06), he held similar posts during 1974–76, 1976–78, and again in 1994–96, 1996–98, 1998–2000, 2000–02 and 2002–04. In 1999, in conjunction with President Václav Havel's visit to Minnesota, he organized a memorable conference at the University of Minnesota on "Czech and Slovak America: Quo Vadis?" Together with his wife Eva, he published eight editions of the SVU Biographical Directory, the last of which was printed in Prague in 2003. He was instrumental in launching a new English periodical Kosmas. Czechoslovak and Central European Journal. He also proposed the establishment of the SVU Research Institute and the creation of the SVU Commission for Cooperation with Czechoslovakia, and its Successor States, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which played an important role in the first years after the Velvet Revolution of 1989. Under the sponsorship of the SVU Research Institute, together with his colleagues, he conducted a series of workshops about research management and the art of "grantsmanship" for scientists and scholars, as well as for the administrators and science policy makers, at Czech and Slovak universities, the Academies of Sciences (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Slovak Academy of Sciences) and the Government. He established the National Heritage Commission with the aim of preserving Czech and Slovak cultural heritage in America. Under its aegis, he had undertaken a comprehensive survey of Czech-related historic sites and archival materials in the US. Based on this survey, he has prepared a detailed listing, Czech-American Historic Sites, Monuments, and Memorials which was published through the courtesy of Palacký University of Olomouc (2004). The second part of the survey, bearing the title Czechoslovak American Archivalia,. was also published by Palacky University (2004). Among historians, Dr. Rechcigl is well known for his studies on history, genealogy, and bibliography of Czech Americans and Slovak Americans. A number of his publications deal with the early immigrants from the Czech lands and Slovakia, including the immigration of Moravian Brethren to America. In the last few years he has been working on the cultural contributions of Czech Americans and Slovak Americans. A selection of his biographical portraits of prominent Czech Americans from the 17th century to date has been published in Prague, under the title Postavy nasí Ameriky (Personalities of our America). On the occasion of his 75th birthday, the Society published a collection of his essays, under the title Czechs and Slovaks in America, as a part of the East European Monographs series, distributed by the Columbia University Press. Recognition Dr. Rechcigl is a member of the Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi, member of the Scientific Research Society of the Sigma Xi, member of the Cosmos Club, Honorary Member of the International Honor Society of Delta Tau Kappa and Honorary Member of the Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences. He was also elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Fellow of the Washington Academy of Sciences and Fellow of the American Institute of Chemists (AIC) and Fellow of the International College of Applied Nutrition. In 1991, on the occasion of its 100th anniversary, the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences awarded him the Hlavka Memorial Medal. In 1997 he received a newly established prize "Gratias agit" from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. In 1999, on the occasion of President Václav Havel's visit to the US, President Havel presented him, on behalf of SVU, the Presidential Memorial Medal. More recently, he was given an honorary title Nebraska Admiral ("Admiral of the Great Navy of the State of Nebraska")by the Governor of Nebraska Mike Johanns and the key to the Capital of Nebraska by the Mayor of Lincoln and the SVU Prague Chapter awarded him the 2002 Prague SVU Award. In 2005, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic Cyril Svoboda honored him by awarding him the Jan Masaryk Medal for his contributions in preserving and fostering relations between the Czech Republic and the United States. In 2006 he received Comenius Award from the Czech Center Museum Houston. Personal life Mila Rechcigl lives with his wife Eva in Washington, D.C. area. They have two children, Jack and Karen, who live in Florida. Jack Rechcigl is a professor of soil and water sciences at University of Florida and Director of Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Wimauma. References External links Rechcigl's bio on SVU Website Rechcigl's Professional Page Rechcigl's Writings on Czechoslovak America: A Bibliography Rechcigl's New book on Czechs and Slovaks in America Historian/Genealogist on Czechs and Slovaks in America Rechcigl named SVU Archivist Rechcigl put in charge of Czech American Biography Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences 1930 births Living people American archivists American people of Bohemian descent American nutritionists 21st-century American biochemists American physiologists Women physiologists American book editors American genealogists American bibliographers American non-fiction writers American encyclopedists American information and reference writers Cornell University alumni Czechoslovak emigrants to the United States Czech expatriates in the United States Czech language activists Czech-American culture in Maryland Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science American civil servants People from Rockville, Maryland People from Mladá Boleslav People from the Washington metropolitan area Historians from Maryland
邢表（），字居正，順天府霸州文安縣（今河北省廊坊市文安縣）人，明朝政治人物。天順丁丑進士，弘治初官至四川巡撫。生平順天府鄉試第十名舉人。天順元年（1457年），參加丁丑科會試，得貢士第二百五名。殿試登進士第三甲第六十四名。知獲嘉縣，擢彰德府知府。調衛輝府，均有善政。歷升山東左參政、右布政使，改四川，進左布政使。弘治初年，就拜都察院右副都御史，巡撫其地。弘治四年（1491年）卒，家無餘貲。家族曾祖邢士能。祖父邢寬。父邢玉。参考邢姓文安人明朝彰德府知府明朝獲嘉縣知縣明朝衛輝府知府明朝山東布政使司參政明朝山東右布政使明朝四川右布政使明朝四川左布政使明朝四川巡撫
西安至潼关高速公路，简称：西潼高速，是陕西省“2367”高速公路网七条东西横向线中的重要组成部分，也是国家高速公路“7918”网连霍高速公路（G30）的重要一段。西潼高速公路全长141.6公里（含兵马俑专线），西起西安市东郊十里铺，途径临潼区、渭南市华州区、华阴市、潼关县，东连河南省三门峡市，北经风陵渡黄河大桥接山西省运城市。全线共有互通式立交12个，各类桥梁405座，涵洞425座，路基宽26米；沿线设有收费站14个、服务区3个，配备有完善的交通、通讯及收费系统等设施。扩建西安至潼关高速公路改扩建工程于2008年10月全面开工，据了解，由4车道“扩容”至8车道的西潼高速公路，完成改扩建工程后彻底改变了以前车辆拥堵的状况。由陕西省高速集团负责建设的潼关至西安高速公路改扩建工程方案，已通过陕西省交通运输厅的评审。西潼高速公路改扩建项目路线起于陕豫交界，自东向西途经潼关、华阴、华县、渭南、临潼，止于西安绕城高速公路方家村枢纽立交，公路全长130.09公里。其中潼关至华阴段采用设计速度100公里/小时的双向八车道高速公路标准，整体式路基宽度为41米；华阴至西安段采用设计速度120公里/小时的双向8车道高速公路标准，整体式路基宽度为42米。路线概算总投资68.902亿元人民币，平均每公里工程造价5296万元。改扩建工程施工工期3年。路段西安—临潼：1990年12月建成通车，设计时速120公里/小时临潼—渭南：1996年12月建成通车，设计时速120公里/小时渭南—潼关：1999年10月建成通车，设计时速120公里/小时运营管理 1996年9月28日，西潼高速公路西安至临潼段20年经营权转让给香港越秀（企业）发展集团陕西金秀交通有限公司负责管理；其余路段由陕西省高速公路建设集团公司西渭分公司负责运营管理。渭南交通 G 潼关县华阴市华州区临潼区灞桥区 1999年完工交通基础设施 1999年中国建立
婴儿肝硬化能活多久？婴儿肝硬化是可以治疗好的，宝宝的恢复和再生能力是比较强的，只要及时治疗就没有什么问题了。婴儿肝硬化在临床上有，但这么重的不多见，导致婴儿肝硬化的原因有多种。感染是导致婴幼儿肝硬化的主要病因。同时，先天性胆道梗阻及先天性代谢缺陷和遗传病也是婴幼儿肝硬化较常见的病因，如由于患儿体内的某些酶的缺陷使酯、氨基酸、脂肪或金属微量元素铜、铁等贮积肝脏，进而导致其肝硬化。肝硬化初期，患者会出现厌食以及营养跟不上情况，长期下去皮肤变得粗糙、蜡黄、精神状态不佳。因为肝功能受到损伤，会让患者脸部发生浮肿，严重还会卧床不起。通过B超能明显的看到肝脏发生变大，看上去肝脏有小小的颗粒，患病后不及时治疗，还会导致肝脏出现疼痛，当出现这症状说明肝硬化到了晚期。此时患者会出现腹胀、坐立难安、难以入睡的情况。肝硬化患者轻者会出现自言自语，严重的还会出现神志不清或是昏迷等，这些都是肝脏异常引起的并发症。肝硬化早期症状，有些患者症状并不是很明显，有的患者会感觉全身无力、没有食欲，甚至会出现呕吐的现象，慢慢的身体营养跟不上，整个人看起来非常的憔悴，吃东西后还会出现恶心、呕吐，吃油腻食物会出现腹泻等。肝硬化还要注意不能乱用药物。患者要尽量避免使用镇静安眠类的药物，否则会直接导致患者出现肝昏迷。肝硬化患者还可以适当补充维生素和益生菌，如维生素C、维生素K和嗜酸乳杆菌等，稳定机体内环境。
Naresh Trehan (born 12 August 1945) is an Indian cardiovascular and cardiothoracic surgeon. After graduating from King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India, he went on to practice at New York University Medical Center, Manhattan, USA from 1971 to 1988. He returned to India and started Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre. He serves as the chairman and managing director and chief cardiac surgeon of Medanta™-The Medicity. He has served as personal surgeon to the President of India since 1991, has received numerous awards, including the Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan, Lal Bahadur Shastri National Award and Dr. B. C. Roy Award. Education and career In 1963 Dr. Trehan got admission in King George's Medical College in Lucknow. In November 1969 he moved to USA and became a first-year resident at the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia. Trehan was the founder, director and chief cardiovascular surgeon of Escorts Heart Institute and Research Center (EHIRC), which opened on Okhla Road, Delhi in 1988. Presently, Trehan is the Founder Chairman of Medanta - The Medicity one of the largest multi-specialty hospital at Gurgaon, Haryana established in 2009. Trehan has been president of the International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery. As chairman of Global Health Private Ltd., Trehan has overseen the building of an integrated health care facility in Gurgaon, India, currently referred to as Medanta - The Medicity. Medicity is spread across of land. Collaborating with Siemens and other financial partners, Medicity combines modern medicine with traditional medicine and holistic therapies. Biography His mother was a gynaecologist and father was an ENT specialist, both of them practised in Lyallpur until the partition of India his family belonged to Sri Hargobindapur, Batala He was born left-handed but due to stigma, his Hindi tutor broke his left hand to force Trehan to write with the right hand. In September 1969 he married and moved to USA in November. They have two daughters. His wife, Madhu Trehan, is a journalist and writer. Honors Padma Bhushan Award by President of India in recognition of distinguished service in the field of Cardiology Medicine in 2001. Padma Shri Award by President of India in recognition of distinguished service in the field of Surgery in 1991. Dr. B. C. Roy Award from the Medical Council of India in 2002. India Today magazine ranked him #35th in India's 50 Most powerful people of 2017 list. References External links Exclusive Interview with Doctor Naresh Trehan Dr Naresh Trehan Profile Dr Naresh Tehran's Awards, Education & Qualification Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in medicine Indian cardiac surgeons Living people Indian medical administrators 1946 births Dr. B. C. Roy Award winners Recipients of the Padma Shri in medicine 20th-century Indian medical doctors Scientists from Lucknow King George's Medical University alumni University of Lucknow alumni 20th-century surgeons
梨泰院踩踏事故（），亦稱梨泰院群眾事故、梨泰院人群推擠事故、梨泰院慘案（），為2022年10月29日發生在韓國首爾龍山區梨泰院洞梨泰院的严重群眾事故，當晚正值萬聖節前的週六，且為嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎疫情解除口罩佩戴令後的首次大型活動，大批民眾前往梨泰院參加萬聖節活動，因而導致事故發生。截至2023年1月3日，此事故已造成159人死亡、196人受傷，超越導致67人喪生的1959年釜山公立體育場踩踏事故，成為韓國迄今最嚴重的踩踏事故，此次事故為自造成304人死亡的2014年世越號事故以來韓國發生的最嚴重事故，亦為自造成502人死亡的1995年三豐百貨大樓倒塌事故以來在首爾市發生的最嚴重事故。背景梨泰院是首尔的一個观光景點和商业中心，聚集了各国驻韩国大使馆，亦鄰近2017年以前駐韓美軍及聯合國軍司令部所在地的龍山基地，包含美軍在內的各國外籍人士於當地活動歷史久遠，酒吧及俱樂部雲集，塑造了浓厚的异国文化。而梨泰院所处的梨泰院洞地区是首尔漢江以北最著名的豪宅区。每年万圣节，当地酒吧都会举行萬聖節慶祝活动。 2022年10月29日，大約有10萬人參加梨泰院酒吧所舉辦的萬聖節活動。這是自2019年萬聖節活動后因2019冠狀病毒病疫情被迫暂停2年後，該地區首次舉辦的大规模萬聖節慶祝活動。由于控制商铺营业时间、佩戴口罩、保持社交距离等疫情管控的限制措施大部分被解除，梨泰院比往年聚集了更多的人潮。根據首爾地鐵的數據，当日有13萬名乘客抵達梨泰院站，远高于2019冠狀病毒病疫情期间的同期平均每天人流量（6萬到8萬人次），也高于2019年同期的人流量（9.6萬人次）。事件事故发生於梨泰院中心地区的哈密尔顿酒店（해밀턴호텔）旁，一條长约50米、宽约4米的斜坡小巷内，因这段小巷连接了主干道梨泰院路、首爾地鐵6號線梨泰院站1號出口以及酒吧、餐廳聚集的「世界美食街」，两旁均有大量人群涌入。消防部门于2022年10月29日晚上10点15分左右开始接到有关踩踏事故的报告。有目击者称，街巷两端的酒吧顧客、夜店顾客、拍照留念的本地和各國游客、路过行人组成的人群往不同方向推挤，有人跌倒后，後方持續推擠，之後群眾就像骨牌效應般倒下。数千人被困在狭窄封闭的下坡路上。据警方称，大量伤亡集中于巷内5.7米长、3.2米宽、约18.24平方米的斜坡空间，大约300人在这个只有小单间大小的斜坡空间里挤成了6至7层。事故發生後，梨泰院路等周邊地區陷入癱瘓，持續到翌日凌晨。至少有81個報警電話由當時在場民眾撥打，截至10月30日凌晨0时55分共接到100次左右报警。由于通信量过大，该地区的电讯和互联网服务一度中断。根據社交媒體上的相片及影像顯示，在事件發生後，現場一片混亂，首尔消防总部派遣的龙山救援队于晚上10时29分最先抵达现场，因人群密集，消防部门和警方出动后在开展援救工作方面遇到了困难，在急救人員极度紧缺的情况下，警方和普通民众也参与了心肺复苏抢救工作。有關部門向龍山區居民的手機發出緊急訊息，敦促在街上的人們立即回家。韓國消防廳表示，已在全國範圍部署了400名應急人員前往現場救治傷患。消防部門在晚上10点43分发布第一阶段应急响应，在梨泰院路上成立臨時搶救站，晚上11点13分发布第二阶段应急响应，要求梨泰院一带的营业场所立刻中断活动，在晚上11点50分升级为第三阶段应急响应，共出動848人、143台救護車前往事故現場。10月30日凌晨1時，首爾警察廳設立調查部。此外在梨泰院站附近的漢江路設立了臨時急救中心，以用於救治傷者。 10月30日凌晨1點30分，首爾大學醫院、江東慶熙大學醫院、漢陽大學醫院的救災醫療支援隊趕到現場進行緊急醫療救護。保健福祉部還要求向首都圈急救醫療中心派遣所有災害醫療支援隊現場支援。保健福祉部長則視察事故現場急救中心，確認急救患者支援狀況。伤亡人数 2022年10月29日晚，消防廳和行政安全部表示，該事故至少約有100人受傷，其中50人因心臟驟停而接受醫療救治。部分逝者遺體放在街上由藍色床單覆蓋，醫護人員則對失去意識的人們進行心肺復甦術。一些遺體由救護車運走。龍山消防署表示，隨著更多死傷者送往全市醫院，死亡人數可能會攀升。已有74名死者已送往醫院，46名死者仍留在街上。截至2022年11月14日，韓國政府證實死亡人數達158人，196人受傷，其中31人重傷，死者多數为年轻人，包括56位男性、102位女性。曾参与韩国节目《PRODUCE 101 第二季》的韩国歌手兼演員李智漢證實在事故中遇难。韓國職棒起亞虎啦啦隊前隊長、日本北海道根室市市議員富川步之女、模特兒富川芽生、美國眾議院議員布拉德·文斯特普的外甥女安妮·瑪莉·吉斯奇（）也在此次意外中喪生。韩国教育部称此次意外造成1名中学生和5名高中生死亡；韓國國防部則表示有3名韓國國軍所屬軍人或在事故中死亡、4人受傷。外籍遇难者26人，分別來自伊朗、中华人民共和国、俄罗斯、日本、美国、法国、泰国、越南、澳大利亚、奥地利、挪威、斯里兰卡、哈萨克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦等国家。赴事故现场救治的专家将大多数遇难者的死因归结为窒息及二次踩踏造成的创伤性心脏骤停。 12月13日，韩国警方表示，梨泰院踩踏事故中幸存下来的一名青少年被发现死于自杀。自殺者在事故当晚与朋友一起前往梨泰院，朋友身亡，其本人因受伤接受了治疗。2023年1月3日，南韓政府公布，認為該名青少年的死亡與慘劇有直接因果關係，正式將該青少年列為遇難者，因此整體意外事故死亡人數增至159人。事故调查隨著媒體報導以及調查報告進展，社會上對於「怎麼可能發生這麼離譜的事件」的悲傷和困惑，逐漸轉為不可置信的憤怒。在事故发生前同月的15日及16日，当地曾順利举行逾百万人次参与的「」，由于该活动为明確主辦申請單位的官方活動，故需遞交申請周密的人群控管计划，而梨泰院萬聖節庆典只是周邊商家的自發性「商業活動」，不受舉辦大型有組織活動時強制需要的限制，結果出現了人群控管、安全督导缺位的情況。此外，在確定現場發生死傷事故後，並沒有及時調整梨泰院站的地鐵停靠節奏，讓不知情的市民持續進入商圈；警方等到第一通報案的100分鐘以後才準備下令「梨泰院清場」，禁止非救災車輛進入；甚至是救災三級開設及首爾全區啟動大量傷患機制後，重症傷患卻沒有分流，仍被過度集中送往急診爆滿的單一醫院。另外，事发地附近的汉密尔顿酒店搭建的违章建筑也被指妨碍了人流的通行。面对防范踩踏事故不力的批评，韩国警方表示“已预料到相当多的人员聚集梨泰院，但未料人潮涌来酿成大规模伤亡事故”。警方强调事发当天在梨泰院部署了137名警力，远多于2017年至2019年各年份部署的37到90人。韩国警察厅厅长承认警方在日前发生的首尔梨泰院踩踏事故中处置不力，并向国民致歉，将成立独立特别机构，透明严正地查明事故真相。在事发三天前，龙山警察署112状况室曾制作警告安全事故危险的报告书，龙山警察署情报科的报告中也包含“由于聚集超出预想的人群，有可能发生安全事故”的内容，但并没有引起警方重视。据11月1日公布的电话记录显示，从梨泰院踩踏事故发生4小时前至事故发生，警方共接到11个告知危险情况的报警电话，在当地时间18点34分，已經有民眾反映梨泰院「可能出現壓死人」的情況，但仅出动4次将现场人群疏散，其余的只进行了电话引导，还有6次则以“现场已有警员出动”为由未采取任何措施。 11月2日，韩国警察厅特別搜查本部对首尔警察厅、龙山警察署、龙山区政府、首尔消防灾难本部首尔综合防灾中心、龙山消防署、首尔交通公社、茶山呼叫中心进行开展强制搜查，随后，对首尔龙山警察署4名警察、14名附近营业场所有关人士、67名目击者和伤员共85人进行调查，分析事发现场附近144台监控的画面，以梳理事发现场，龍山警察署署長李林宰、首尔厅112状况管理官柳美珍已被停职。警方以涉嫌业务过失致人伤亡为由对李林宰、柳美珍以及龙山警察署情报科科长和股长、龙山区厅长朴熙英、龙山消防署长崔成范6人进行立案。龙山区厅长朴熙英及因非法扩建嫌疑被调查的汉密尔顿酒店代表被限制出境。11月11日，被立案调查的前首尔龙山警察署情报科股长被发现在家中身亡，其涉嫌不当删除梨泰院踩踏事故相关报告，且向同事暗示自盡可能性。12月11日，行政安全部长官李祥敏因梨泰院事故被韩国国会罢免。 12月24日，首爾西部地方法院簽發逮捕令，逮捕龍山警察署前署長李林宰及龍山警察署112警情室前室長宋丙周。法院認定2人在逮捕必要性審查中認定中有相當大的犯罪嫌疑，而且有毀滅證據之虞，經綜合考慮各項證據和羈押審查結果後，決定簽發逮捕證。 2023年1月13日，韓國警方調查工作結束，確認梨泰院踩踏事故這是一場「人為」災難，並將23名地方官員移交檢方。后续改革针对梨泰院踩踏事故，韩国政府表示将以此次事故为反面教材，制定包括基于科学分析的人群管理方案在内的国家安全系统改革方案，制定综合对策改革112报警电话应对体系，从11月2日起成立“预防人潮拥挤事故安全工作组”，制定无主办方的群众密集活动和庆典活动的安全管理改善方案，从11月3日起对预计每小时聚集人数超过一万人的大规模庆典活动实施“政府联合安全管理检查”。执政党国民力量党提交《灾难及安全管理基本法》修正案，以弥补法律漏洞，允许地方自治团体长与警方和消防单位合作，对大量人群聚集活动的安全管理事项采取必要的措施。韩国中小学将加强在人群密集场所的安全教育，增加心肺复苏术等培训内容。對應韓國政府韓國總統尹锡悦于2022年10月30日凌晨召开紧急状况检查会议，立即啟動中央灾难安全对策本部並指示以国务总理韓惪洙为中央灾难安全对策本部部长，中央灾难安全对策本部為期33天。10月30日上午，韓國總統尹锡悦前往事發地點視察，並對踩踏事故發表全國談話，宣布即日起至事件告一段落為止，韓國將進入哀悼期。尹錫悅表示，「希望逝者能夠安息，傷者能儘速恢復，並且也對於失去寶貴親人生命而悲痛的家屬表達深切慰問。」此外，尹錫悅也稱「將徹底調查事故原因，並從根本上改善問題以免憾事再度發生」。10月31日，尹锡悦和夫人金建希前往首尔广场的“梨泰院事故死亡者聯合焚香所”吊唁罹難者。11月1日，尹锡悦再次前往事故现场，在龙山区绿莎坪站广场的踩踏事故集体焚香所吊唁。11月2-5日，尹锡悦每天均前往首尔广场的“梨泰院事故死亡者聯合焚香所”献花、焚香并默哀。11月4日，尹锡悦在首尔曹溪寺出席“梨泰院惨剧遇难者追悼慰灵法会”时，首次就梨泰院踩踏事故公开道歉，表示“作为应对国民的生命安全负责的总统，深感悲痛和歉疚，我和政府负有防止此类悲剧重演的重责”，将全力以赴做好事故的善后处置工作。11月7日，国务总理韩悳洙就梨泰院踩踏事故向国民和受害外国人公开道歉，并承诺将改善相关制度以防类似事故再次发生；总统尹锡悦在国家安全系统检查会议上再次向国民作出道歉，表示“对于遭遇这场无可言说的悲剧的遇难者遗属，以及共同陷入痛苦和悲伤之中的国民感到歉疚”，针对警察系统作出严厉批评，并称“警察业务需要大规模改革，将对应负责任的人严正追究责任”。韩国政府向遇难者遗属表示深切慰问，宣布2022年10月30日起至11月5日24时为全国哀悼期。所有政府部門、公家机关和驻外使領館在全国哀悼期间降半旗，公务员及公共机关职员胸前佩戴丝带致哀。韩国政府宣布将龙山区划为「特别灾难地区」，为遇难者遗属和伤者提供必要援助。10月31日，韩国政府发布踩踏事故伤亡人员补助方案，向每位遇难者支付最高1500万韩元的治丧费用，向遗属发放2000万韩元抚慰金，伤者可获得500~1000万韩元不等的抚慰金，治疗费用将由国家医保财政垫付，此外，政府还将为伤者家属、外籍伤者以及在救援过程中受伤的人员提供心理治疗援助，同时呼吁民众克制在“网络和社交媒体转发对伤亡者的厌恶言论、虚假信息和事故当时的刺激性场面”的行为。哀悼期结束后，韩国政府在总理室下设立“梨泰院事故一站式支援服务中心”，为梨泰院踩踏事故伤亡人员和其家属提供援助。该中心于11月10日起正式投入运行。韩国正义党、共同民主党和国民力量党亦宣布暂停一切政治议程和活动。在全国哀悼期间，韩国执政党和反对党取消所有计划在近期举行的政治相关活动，并敦促议员们暂时避免不必要的公开或私人聚会。首尔市廳正在歐洲進行交流訪問的首爾市長吳世勳在接獲通報後停止一切行程紧急回国，2022年10月30日下午5时40分到达事故现场了解善后工作。首尔市立即启动了梨泰院事故相关灾难安全对策本部，启动紧急医疗应对体系，在附近的汉南洞居民中心设立“失踪人员受害接收中心”。首尔市从10月30日起至11月5日在市区各地设立吊唁堂，在首尔广场设立“梨泰院事故死亡者聯合焚香所”，悼念梨泰院踩踏事故遇难者。与此同时，首尔市当局决定向遗属和所有普通市民提供心理支援服务，市民可通过预约，在200余家心理专业医疗机构接受心理检查。10月31日晚，警方還在在一处体育馆开设了24小时失物招领处，计划运营至11月6日。11月1日，吳世勳召开记者会，就梨泰院踩踏事故正式道歉，表示“作为为市民生命和安全负责的首尔市长，对此次事故负有无限责任，在此向市民深表歉意”。截至11月5日晚10时，近12万人次前往设于首尔广场和首尔市25个区的吊唁堂吊唁梨泰院踩踏事故遇难者。商界事故发生后，梨泰院一带的商铺决定暫停营业，首尔两大主题公园爱宝乐园和乐天世界立即宣布取消正在举行的万圣节游园活动，並宣布將重新檢查公園安全系統的政策。乐天百货、易买得等大型百货商场、CU、GS25等便利店以及韓國星巴克取消了萬聖節促銷活动和主題商品的銷售。文化体育界多项进行中的大型文化演艺活动和演出庆典均紧急取消。SM娱乐则于深夜发表公告，宣布原定于翌日在网上直播的“SMTOWN WONDERLAND 2022”万圣节变装派对取消。韩国各大电视台暂停旗下综艺娱乐节目播放，《Running Man》、《全知干預視角：特別篇》、《人氣歌謠》、《兩天一夜》等綜藝節目停播。釜山亞洲音樂節宣布取消原定於10月30日晚在釜山亞運會主競技場舉行的K-POP演唱會。另外原定在日本舉行演唱會的韓國歌手金在中宣佈取消演出。而在韓國原定舉行演唱會的歌手張允瀞、、洪真英也都以沈重心情向歌迷宣布取消活動，為亡者哀悼。 2022年职业棒球韓國大賽前四場取消開球儀式、啦啦隊應援，參與球員與裁判佩戴黑絲帶，表达對包含曾任韓國職棒LG雙子啦啦隊長的金有娜在內的罹難者的哀悼。大韓蹴球協會取消原计划于2022年卡塔尔世界杯期间在光化门广场进行的街头球迷狂欢活动。国际反应加拿大總理賈斯汀·杜魯多代表加拿大人民向韓國人民致以最深切慰問。歐洲聯盟歐盟外交和安全政策高级代表何塞普·博雷利表示，对于在首尔中心地区发生的悲惨事件深表悲痛，而歐盟在这艰难的时刻乃与韩国国民同在。法國总统-{zh-cn:埃马纽埃尔·马克龙;zh-tw:艾曼紐·馬克宏;zh-hk:伊曼努爾·馬克龍}-当晚用韩语发推文，向韩国民众表达深切慰问，并表示“法国与你们同在”。英國國王查理斯三世及卡米拉王后、威爾斯親王威廉及威爾斯王妃嘉芙蓮亦向遇難者及其家屬致哀，並向傷者祈禱，希望他們早日康復。首相-{zh-hans:里希·苏纳克;zh-tw:里希·蘇納克;zh-hk:辛偉誠;}-發推文稱：「在這個非常讓人痛心的時刻，我們的心與所有韓國人同在」。德國總理奥拉夫·朔尔茨發推文稱：「首爾的悲慘事件讓我們所有人感到震驚。我們的想法與眾多受害者及其家人同在，這對韓國來說是悲傷的一天。德國站在他們一邊」。外交部長安娜琳娜·貝伯克亦向遇難者致哀，並向其家屬致以最深切慰問。事故發生後在韩国外訪的总统施泰因迈尔11月4日前往梨泰院地铁站追悼点悼念遇难者。日本內閣總理大臣岸田文雄發推文稱：「我對失去許多寶貴的生命深感震驚和悲痛，其中包括前途光明的年輕人。我們表示哀悼，並祈禱傷者早日康復。」岸田文雄通过外务省向韩国首尔梨泰院踩踏事故遇难者表示哀悼，“我谨代表日本政府和国民，向事故遇难者致以由衷的哀悼，向遗属表示深切慰问，祝愿伤者早日康复。如此艰难时刻，日本愿与韩国政府和国民团结合作。” 外务大臣林芳正亦表示梨泰院踩踏事故造成大量人员伤亡令人痛心，并向遇难者致哀，向遗属表示慰问。出席韩日议员交流活动的日本议员代表团到访韩国后，首先前往梨泰院踩踏事故遇难者联合焚香所哀悼。以韩日合作委员会主席身份访韩的日本前首相麻生太郎，赴首尔广场的集体焚香所吊唁遇难者。受此事件影响，警視廳对同期东京澀谷举办的万圣节活动加强-{警戒}-，防止有人摔倒，并提醒不要在道路中间停留。意大利總理佐治亞·梅洛尼發推文致哀，並表示意大利人民與遇難者及其家屬同在。中華人民共和國國家主席習近平向韓國總統尹錫悅發慰問電，他表示，「（我）惊悉韩国首都首尔发生踩踏事故，造成重大人员伤亡。我代表中国政府和中国人民，对遇难者表示深切的哀悼，向遇难者家属和伤者致以诚挚的慰问。此次事故造成数名中国公民不幸伤亡，希望韩方尽一切努力予以救治并做好善后。」國務院總理李克強亦向韩国国务总理韓惪洙致慰问电。中華人民共和國驻韩大使邢海明向韩国外交部长朴振致慰问信，并于10月31日亲临香堂吊唁遇难者，向遇难者献花。中国驻韩大使馆則提醒在韩中国公民加强安全防范，避免前往人员密集场所，并针对“毒品糖果”传言提醒在韩中国居民不轻易接受陌生人提供的饮食。香港香港特別行政區行政長官李家超在社交網站以中、英文發貼文，表示「韓國首爾發生的慘劇令人痛心，我對事件中的死者表示沉痛哀悼，並對他們的家屬致以深切慰問，祝願所有傷者早日康復」。另外，他亦表示政府已關注事件，保安局將密切留意事件發展，並了解是否有香港居民就此求助，以提供支援。其後，保安局局長鄧炳強向事故中的死者表示深切哀悼及向其家人致以深切慰問，並祝願傷者早日康復。俄羅斯总统-{zh-cn:弗拉基米尔·普京;zh-tw:弗拉迪米爾·普丁;zh-hk:弗拉基米爾·普京}-透过克里姆林宫外交电讯就首尔踩踏事件中的死亡事件向韩国总统尹锡悦表示哀悼。新加坡總理李顯龍代表新加坡政府向韓國總統尹錫悅發信哀悼遇難者及向其家屬致以最深切慰問，亦對不少年輕人遇難感到痛心，並表示在這艱難時刻新加坡乃與所有韓國人民同在。總統哈莉瑪·雅各布形容是次事故乃一宗悲劇，表示難以想像遇難者家屬和朋友所經歷的創傷和悲傷，並指在這艱難的時刻，其思念和祈禱與韓國人民同在，亦希望所有傷者能早日康復。中華民國中華民國總統蔡英文指示外交部代表中華民國向韓國政府表達對受難者家屬、韓國政府與人民的誠摯哀悼及慰問，蔡英文亦以韓語在推特上發推文向南韓民眾表示慰問。副總統賴清德也在推特上向在首爾不幸罹難的民眾及家屬表達值此傷痛時刻，臺灣與韓國同在。美國總統-{zh-cn:乔·拜登; zh-tw:喬·拜登; zh-hk:祖·拜登}-透過白宮網站發文表示深切哀悼，表示在當今韓美關係最緊密聯繫時刻，將力挺韓國救難。國務卿安東尼·布林肯與总统国家安全事务助理傑克·蘇利文亦透過推文表示哀悼並準備好向韓國提供支援。美國駐韓大使菲利普·戈德堡透過推特表示哀悼，全體美國駐韓大使館人員與韓國人民同在，尤其是逝者以及傷者親友。而大使館也下半旗致哀。駐韓美軍發言人衛斯理·海耶斯（Wesley Hayes）表示，事故發生當時正有美軍憲兵在梨泰院與韓國警察聯合執勤，並協助執行人潮管制和現場急救。烏克蘭总统-{zh-cn:弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基;zh-tw:弗拉迪米爾·澤倫斯基;zh-hk:弗拉基米爾·澤連斯基}-在推特发文向韩国人民和总统尹锡悦致以最深切的哀悼，并衷心祝愿遇难者早日康复。外交部长德米特罗·库列巴也在推特上表示，虽然乌克兰也正在受苦，但对首尔的悲剧致以最深切的哀悼。馬來西亞時任馬來西亞首相依斯邁沙比里發推文，代表馬來西亞政府及人民向韓國人民致哀，並向遇難者及其家屬祈禱。梵蒂岡教宗方濟各於10月30日向所有遇難者及傷者，特別是年輕人祈禱。挪威外交大臣表示對事件感到震驚及悲痛，並向遇難者致哀，及向其親友致以最深切慰問。印度外交部長蘇濟生發推文稱，對事故中有大量年輕人喪生感到震驚及悲痛，並向遇難者致哀，及向其家屬致以最深切慰問，表示印度與韓國人民同在。印尼總統佐科·維多多發推文稱向遇難者致哀，及向其家屬致以最深切慰問，並祝願傷者早日康復。波蘭總統安傑伊·杜達、總理馬特烏什·莫拉維茨基、副總理及外交部長饒兀均發推文稱向遇難者致哀，並向其家屬致以最深切慰問。愛爾蘭總理-{zh-cn:米哈尔·马丁;zh-tw:米哈爾·馬丁;zh-hk:米侯·馬田}-表示對事故造成嚴重人命傷亡感到震驚及悲痛，向遇難者致哀，並向其家屬及親友致以最深切慰問。泰國首相-{zh-tw:帕拉育·占奧差; zh-hk:巴育·占奧差; zh-cn:巴育·占奥差}-表示向遇難者致哀，並已指示政府有關部門向受事件影響的泰國人民提供一切所須協助。越南國家主席阮春福向韓國總統尹錫悅對遇難者致哀，並向遇難者及傷者家屬致以最深切慰問。阿聯酋總統穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚、副總統兼總理穆罕默德·本·拉希德·阿勒馬克圖姆均向韓國總統尹錫悅對遇難者致哀，並希望傷者早日康復。沙地阿拉伯發推文稱，對韓國政府及人民向事故及遇難者致哀，並對遇難者家屬致以深切慰問。孟加拉孟加拉國總理謝赫·哈西娜向韓國總理韓惪洙發信，對遇難者致哀，向遇難者及傷者家屬致以最深切慰問，並希望傷者早日康復，表示在此艱難時刻孟加拉與韓國人民同在。菲律賓菲律賓發信，對韓國政府及人民向事故及遇難者致哀，並對遇難者家屬致以深切慰問，亦感謝首爾地方當局向受影響的菲律賓國民提供一切必要援助。伊朗外交部發言人納賽爾·卡納尼表示，對遇難者致哀，向遇難者及傷者家屬致以最深切慰問，並希望首爾有關當局能盡快完成辨認遇難者身分。爭議英国《独立报》在Twitter上报道此事件时，误将事故发生地写为香港，随后该报道遭到香港网民以及《中国日报》欧盟分社社长陈卫华的嘲讽。而《独立报》则在该错误报道发布的13小时后才在Twitter上删除。韩国行政安全部长李祥敏在10月31日的记者会曾表示“这（事故）不是通过人力调配就能解决的问题”，遭到执政党和在野党的一致批判，国民力量党领导层翌日发布立场称“这一发言不当”。11月1日，李祥敏表示“国家对国民的安全负有无限责任”，作为事故主管部门的首长向国民致歉。韩国国务总理韩德洙在11月1日外媒记者会上回答美国记者提问时，同声传译设备出现故障。在的翻译人员用英语向在场记者道歉时，韩德洙对此翻译人员用韩语开玩笑说：“那么（翻译设备）听得这么不清楚，负责翻译工作的人自始至终的责任到底又是什么呢？”另有多家媒体发现，韩德洙在记者会中时不时露出笑容。韩德洙在记者会上的表现在韩国国内引发争议。对此，韩国总理办公室于次日发布公文，就引发相关争议道歉，并对总理相关发言进行解释。據《韓國日報》報導，此事件發生後，韓國多所學校出現了模仿此次事件的“遊戲”，引起了韓國社會廣泛批評。學生家長斥責這種行為根本是在受害者傷口撒鹽，要求政府與校方做出應對。隨後韓國多所學校收到指示，將對學生們進行安全教育。据《東亞日報》的报道，2022年11月16日，联合国大会通过谴责朝鲜涉及韩国西海公务员遭朝枪杀案和强制遣返脱北渔民的人权问题的朝鲜人权决议。作为回应，朝鲜驻联合国大使金成提到梨泰院踩踏事故，并批评韩国政府由于缺乏国内治国能力，引发了人祸，出现史无前例的踩踏事故。韩国驻联合国代表团副大使裴钟仁则谴责朝鲜的理由是「荒谬」和「显示出朝鲜是多么地无视人权」，并批评朝鲜政府在国际社会为梨泰院灾难的遇难者哀悼的情况下仍不停止发射导弹挑衅。韓國媒體評論《中央日报》在社论中称韩国警方不仅没有切实采取措施防止大规模人员伤亡，还试图删除梨泰院事故报告并要求缄口，行为“荒唐”“令人难以置信”，要求彻查那些对国民安全负有责任的机关及公职人员。《朝鮮日報》指悲剧性的惨案被作為“政治斗争工具”，并批评韩国警方反应迟缓，要求警察、政府和首尔市层面应该展开严格调查，将此事作为检查整个社会安全系统的契机。《东亚日报》称“应对预防灾难的系统和负责人都睡着了”，点名行政安全部部长李祥敏“应该被解职”，警察厅厅长尹熙根“也要下台”，要求警方要彻底调查无视手册中预防守则的经过和现场应对迟缓的原因，必须出台高强度的革新政策。《韩民族日报》批评韩国警察、中央政府和地方政府在此次事故中缺乏安全对策，表示此次事故完全可以挽救，但政府和警察数次错过黄金救援时间，属于无能的表现。民間影響踩踏事故發生後，韓國人提高了對心肺復甦術（CPR）甚至是自动体外除颤器（AED）學習的興趣。網路上湧現大批詢問或分享如何CPR的資訊，南韓CPR協會網站的流量在事故後，大增了4倍。參見踩踏事故同樣於酒吧街所發生之踩踏事故蘭桂坊慘劇，1993年香港踩踏事故其他踩踏事故例子大隧道惨案，1941年重庆踩踏事故 2014年上海外滩踩踏事故 2021年以色列踩踏事件 2022年坎朱鲁汉体育场踩踏事件，於同月月初發生在印度尼西亚的踩踏事故 2022年烈士體育場踩踏事件，於同日發生在剛果民主共和國的踩踏事故 2001年明石花火大會踩踏事故 1989年希爾斯堡球場慘劇腳註註釋參考文獻外部連結 2022年10月 2022年踩踏事故韓國人禍韓國之最首爾特別市事件龍山區歷史 (韓國) 梨泰院万圣夜事件 2022年韓國 2020年代韓國災難
小行星4628（4628 Laplace, 1986 RU4）是一個小行星帶天體，於1986年9月7日由比利時天文學家艾瑞克·沃爾特·埃爾斯特在保加利亞羅真天文台發現。以法國知名天文學家、數學家皮埃尔-西蒙·拉普拉斯命名。參考資料外部連結 JPL Small-Body Database Browser 4628 Laplace (1986 RU4) 4628 4628 4628
Iran ranks 1st in fruit production in the Middle East and North Africa. Iran has been ranked between 8th and 10th in global fruit production in different years. Iran produces Persian walnut, melon, tangerine, citrus fruits, Kiwifruit, dates, cherries, pomegranates, peach, oranges, raisins, saffron, grapes and watermelon. Fruit growing areas in Iran A number of fruits have originated in Iran, including Persian walnuts, melons, and pomegranates, Apple, Apricot, Grape, Fig, Citron, and many more. The country benefits from a variety of favorable meteorological conditions suitable for fruit production. The northern seaside lands of the Caspian Sea, and the country supplies finest conditions for citrus production. Iran ranks in the world in the production of pomegranates, in dates, in figs, in cherries, in grapes, and in oranges. Kiwifruit production, although a relatively new activity in this part of the world, has grown increasing importance in last few years and the Iranian kiwifruit promises to become a great export item of the agricultural sector of the country. Production and ranking Iran ranks 1st in fruit production in the Middle East and North Africa. 2.7 million hectares of orchards are being harvested in Iran with an annual production this year of 16.5 million tons. Per capita production of fruit in the globe is 80 kilograms while in Iran it is 200 kg according to official FAO statistics. The Iranian calendar year ending in March 2010, Iran produced 4.5 million tons of citrus fruits and 3 million tons of apples. Iran has been ranked between 8th and 10th in global fruit production in different years. In the productions of pomegranates and pistachios, Iran ranks first, in dates and cherries, 2nd, 4th in the production of apples and walnuts, and, 7th in producing citrus fruits. Iran grows fifty different kinds of fruit. The record for pomegranate production is 100 tons in a hectare of land, 146 ton for apples and 70 tons for oranges. In 2010 Iran exported $2 billion worth of fruit to neighboring countries and the European Union, 46 percent more than the previous year. In the second half of 2010 the import of agricultural goods in Iran increased 30 percent in weight and 14 percent in value which shows the country's good progress in the field of agricultural goods production. Since 1963 Iran is one of the leading producers and exporters of dried fruit and nuts such as all kinds of pistachios, Sultana raisins, golden raisins, sun-dried raisins, Malayer raisins, Kashmar raisins, almonds, all kinds of Iranian dates and with its modern facilities is ready to provide its customers with all these products. Dates product Iran is one of the world's largest date producers. Iran exports Mazafati, Kimia, Piarom, or Maryami dates. References See also Agriculture in Iran Fruit production
Thomas Percy, 1st Baron Egremont (29 November 1422 – 10 July 1460) was a scion of a leading noble family from northern England during the fifteenth century. Described by one historian as "quarrelsome, violent and contemptuous of all authority", Egremont was involved in numerous riots and disturbances in the northern localities, and became a leading figure in the internecine Percy–Neville feud. When the Wars of the Roses began mid-decade, Egremont fought for the king on the Lancastrian side, being killed five years later at the Battle of Northampton. Early years His youth was rarely peaceful; at the age of twenty five he was part of a force that engaged the tenants of the Archbishop of York, John Kemp in a physical confrontation (possibly to the disapproval of his father and elder brother, Henry, Lord Poynings, although it is equally possible that he began a 'propaganda campaign' against Kemp at the same time) outside the village of Stamford Bridge. Following the skirmish with the men of Beverley, he was subsequently imprisoned at York Castle- the direct result, it has been suggested of the Archbishop manipulating the jury and County Sheriff, whilst getting his own tenants released instead. It is possible that the king's clear support for the Archbishop, notwithstanding their position as one of the region's greatest magnatial families, was influential in their decision to later feud with the Percies rather than take it to the king for arbitration. Conflict in the north was not only over local rivalries; English relations with Scotland periodically descended into warfare throughout the Middle Ages, and the mid-fifteenth century was no exception. However, Egremont seems not to have been part of the campaign of October 1448, when his father the earl and his brother Lord Poyning's led an army of 6,000 men across the border only to be routed at the Battle of Sark; Poynings himself was captured, to be eventually ransomed by the Scots. Lands and estates Cockermouth, in Cumberland, held by Thomas Percy, was a traditional Percy Honour, as was that of Egremont; it is likely to have been due to his father's influence at court, as the earl of Northumberland was currently a Royal Councillor, and his connections with the king's chief minister Cardinal Beaufort that on 20 November 1449 he was made Lord Egremont by Letters Patent, drawing £10 per annum from the county revenues. This figure reflects the fact that Egremont was never to be a wealthy man; it has been calculated that the Percy Cumberland estates suffered a decline of 25% between 1416 and 1470. Equally diminishing to Egremont's income was the fact that the barony itself had been divided threeways through inheritances, and at least one-third of it- that of the Fitzwalter family- had been granted to the earl of Salisbury under a 40-year lease at the time of Thomas Percy's grant. Percy-Neville feud It is not certain exactly when the bad blood between the two families begun; A. J. Pollard has pointed out that they were cooperating together over parliamentary elections in 1449, and as late as 1453; the former husting was attended by Sir Thomas Percy shortly before his elevation to the peerage. See also Percy-Neville feud Hundred Years' War Wars of the roses Footnotes References 1422 births 1460 deaths English military personnel killed in action People of the Wars of the Roses Thomas Percy, 01st Baron Egremont Barons in the Peerage of England Younger sons of earls
The 2012 Silverstone GP2 Series round was a GP2 Series motor race held on 7 and 8 July 2012 at Silverstone Circuit in Silverstone, United Kingdom. It was the seventh round of the 2012 GP2 Season. Mexican Esteban Gutierrez won the feature race while Brazilian Luiz Razia won the sprint race. Series leader Valsecchi was penalized and sent to the back of the starting grid due to the infringement of a technical regulation related to the quantity of fuel available after the qualifying session. As a result, Razia ended up leading the GP2 Championship after Silverstone. Classification Qualifying Notes — Stefano Coletti, Felipe Nasr and Marcus Ericsson were all excluded from qualifying for technical irregularities, and moved to the back of the grid. — Giedo van der Garde was given a ten-place grid penalty for overtaking another car during a red-flag period. — Davide Valsecchi was given a ten-place grid penalty for overtaking another car during a red-flag period, but was then found to be in violation of the same regulation as Coletti, Nasr and Ericsson, and was moved to the back of the grid. Feature race Sprint race Standings after the round Drivers' Championship standings Teams' Championship standings Note: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings. See also 2012 British Grand Prix 2012 Silverstone GP3 Series round Footnotes References Silverstone Silverstone
睾丸是硬的是什么原因？对男性朋友来说首先建议大家在生活当中，一定要充分关注自己的生殖器官安康，由于生殖器官疾病最近几年来呈现的几率很高，绝大多数严重案例都是对于男性朋友自己不惹起注重所招致的。这种情况很多男性朋友常常会发现，睾丸有点硬的缘由：首先招致这种情况呈现最直接的缘由，建议男性朋友们一定要留意，可能是由于睾丸肿块所招致的，最常见的就是睾丸囊肿。那么构成这种情况发作的直接要素就是睾丸炎，固然很多男性朋友表示，睾丸炎是可以恰当用药就得到缓解的疾病，当然这关于程度很轻的疾病来说是比较明显的。但是假设睾丸炎的情况比较严重，那么就可能招致疾病持续发作，严重的以致会构成睾丸萎缩。还有一种情况是男性朋友本身患有前列腺疾病，但是在发作初期，男性朋友们也依旧没有惹起注重，这种情况下不只可能招致疾病持续，同时还可能损伤到男性睾丸，诱发一系列的男科疾病呈现。这两种情况呈现以后，关于生殖安康来说就曾经非常不利了，因此我们还是要第一时间就诊，并且根据医生的诊疗和建议来合理用药。睾丸有点硬，是需求大家留意的是，这种情况发作以后，最直接的要素就是睾丸肿块，所以建议大家还是要置信医嘱。不能忽略的问题是，很多男性朋友其真实睾丸发育之前，就会觉得到睾丸可能呈现一定的疼痛感，这种疼痛感带来的伤害也是比较大的。不要盲目以为是发作的碰撞所构成的，还是应当在疼痛持续的过程当中及时就诊。无论是由于什么缘由形成的这种状况，都要立刻就医，而不是自觉用药。
was the third son of Tsunehisa. His childhood name was Hikoshirō (彦四郎). He also called himself for the domain he ruled. He received Enya of east Izumo Province and used Mount Yōgai (要害山) for his castle. Like his elder brother Kunihisa, he was skilled in warfare. Not satisfied with the size of his domain, he demanded another 700 Kan in addition to 3000 Kan he already owned. He raised a revolt against Tsunehisa in 1532 suspecting Kamei Hidetsuna, the chief advisor to Tsunehisa had been plotting against him. The Amago clan split into two and Kamei Toshitsuna, Hidetsuna's younger brother died fighting for Okihisa. He was driven out of Enya and escaped. In 1534, he committed seppuku realizing that he would never be able to return to the clan. References 1497 births 1534 deaths Daimyo Suicides by seppuku Amago clan 16th-century suicides
（学名：Monilia）是核盘菌科下的一个属。下属物种本属包括以下物种： Monilia alboviolacea Panas. Monilia alessandrina Panay. Monilia allii Baudyš Monilia altaica Žukov Monilia amelanchieris J.M.Reade Monilia aquatilis Malguth Monilia aroniae L.R.Batra Monilia avenae Peck Monilia baccarum Mig. Monilia batrachea H.H.Scott Monilia blanchardii (Castell.) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia botrytis Vuill. Monilia brunnea J.C.Gilman & E.V.Abbott Monilia caoi (Jannin) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia capsulata Lindner & P.Knuth Monilia carbonaria Cooke Monilia cerasi Earle Monilia cerebriformis J.F.H.Beyma Monilia chalmersii (Castell.) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia communis Castell. Monilia cornealis Nann. Monilia corni J.M.Reade Monilia dispersa Lambotte & Fautrey, 1898 Monilia dissocians Mattlet Monilia diversispora J.F.H.Beyma Monilia ellipsoidea Weidman Monilia elongata (Mattlet) Brumpt Monilia enterocola Macfie Monilia entomophila Sacc. Monilia formicarum Speg. 果生丛梗孢 Monilia fructicola Poll. 仁果丛梗孢 Monilia fructigena Pers. Monilia geophila Oudem. Monilia glasti Plowr. Monilia heteroica L.R.Batra Monilia hominis Vuill. Monilia interposita Sutejew, Utenkow & Zeitlin Monilia intestinalis (Castell.) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia issavi Mattlet 日本丛梗孢 Monilia japonica L.R.Batra Monilia kenyensis De Smidt Monilia krusoides Castell. Monilia kusanoi Henn. Monilia leuckartii (H.Hoffm.) Nann. Monilia londinensis Castell. & Chalm. Monilia macrospora J.F.H.Beyma Monilia mautneri Nann. Monilia medoacensis (Sacc.) J.F.H.Beyma Monilia montoyae Castell. & Chalm. Monilia muisa (Mattlet) Nann. Monilia nitida (Castell.) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia olivacea McAlpine Monilia oregonensis Barss Monilia parabalcanica Castell. & Chalm. Monilia parachalmersii Castell. & Chalm. Monilia parazeylanoides Castell. Monilia payenii Sacc., 1886 Monilia penicilloides Delacr. Monilia perieri (Matr. & E.Antoine) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia pictor Neveu-Lem. Monilia pistaciae Zaprom. Monilia platensis Speg. Monilia pruinosa Cooke & Massee Monilia pseudobronchialis Castell. Monilia pulmonea (J.H.Benn.) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia rhoi (Castell. & Chalm.) Castell. & Chalm. Monilia sakuranei (Jannin) Vuill. Monilia seaveri J.M.Reade Monilia sidalceae Peck Monilia tabaci Oudem. Monilia tonge Mattlet Monilia vaginalis Escomel Monilia versiformis A.Funk Monilia zeylanica (Castell.) Castell. & Chalm. 参考文献 C
老年人都会得脑萎缩吗？脑萎缩指脑容量或脑组织体积变小，多指影像学的一些表现，如头颅CT、头颅核磁共振发现脑组织缩小。脑萎缩包括生理性脑萎缩及非生理性脑萎缩。生理性指天生的脑组织小于正常值；病理性如痴呆患者出现大脑半球或小脑的萎缩，如遗传性共济失调。大脑半球萎缩包括记忆力障碍或跟记忆力相关的萎缩，如海马萎缩。老年人一般都会脑萎缩的，因为随着年龄的增长，一般60岁左右，大脑和小脑就会出现轻度的脑萎缩，也就是说老年人普遍都会有轻度脑萎缩的情况存在，但是这些由于年龄老化导致的轻度脑萎缩，一般都称为生理性的脑萎缩。生理性的脑萎缩大多数是不需要给予特殊治疗的，但是有一部分老年人也会出现病理性的脑萎缩。比如说有一些变性疾病导致的病理性脑萎缩。常见的有多系统萎缩导致的脑萎缩，以及进行性核上性麻痹导致的脑萎缩，以及有些老年人长期酗酒导致的脑萎缩，这些都称为病性的脑萎缩。一般病性的脑萎缩就会随着时间的推移慢慢加重，最后出现一些神经功能缺损的症状，比如患者可以出现头昏行走不稳、构音障碍等等，类似帕金森综合症的症状。脑萎缩在平时应保持心情舒畅、乐观、避免情绪激动。积极治疗身体疾病，特别是积极预防和治疗高血压、糖尿病、肺心病等慢性疾病。在使用脑萎缩丸时，原用于治疗高血压、糖尿病、肺心病的药物应继续服用。坚持看书、看报学习，增加兴趣、爱好，有利于对脑力的锻炼，促进和改善大脑神经细胞的供血、供氧。适当增加体育锻炼、增强机体的抵抗力，促进大脑神经细胞的新陈代谢。5、保持良好的人际关系和家庭融洽。禁食辛、辣、腌、熏类食物，平时应适当多吃些新鲜、含优质蛋白的食品、如乳类、肉类、蛋、鱼虾、疏菜、水果、大豆及豆类制品等。
周春芽（），重庆人，是一位中国画家。生平 1982年毕业于四川美术学院绘画系版画专业，周春芽追随着同时期艺术家的脚步投入新潮运动，脱离中国传统学术上的现实主义学派，取而代之的是注入更多个人诠释。后赴德国深造，其他艺术家专注于改变整体环境，在德国卡塞尔大学攻读的周春芽，则浸淫于印象派、立体主义以及表现主义当中，在学习的过程中他找到了自己在新表现主义中独树一格的特性。1986至1988年，周春芽在德国卡塞尔综合大学攻读，期间的经验再进一步促成他独有的东西合璧风格。这里呈献的珍藏作品搜集周春芽作为艺术家的重要成长期和发展期的作品，包罗由他学生时代的早期实验性作品到1990年后表现主义完全成熟期的作品。综观整个作品集，可见周春芽全心全意研习印象主义、立体主义，特别是看到他对德国的新表现主义的深爱。过了不久，周春芽的笔法变得激烈、低沉、深思和粗阔。这些新学成的艺术形式，是周春芽回顾自己作为中国人的文化背景和美术传承，与及在西方修习美术的技巧和体验的实证。于1988年毕业于德国卡塞尔综合大学自由艺术系，现任四川省美术家协会副主席。周春芽是中国当代表现主义画家之一。20世纪80年代的成名作《藏族一代》。自90年代开始，他以德国爱犬“黑根”为主题创作的《绿狗》系列，赢得了广泛的赞誉。同时也是第一届艺术与设计大奖赛候选人。“红人”系列继续发展的“桃花”系列為事业发展的新阶段。2010年成立中国首个个人现当代艺术研究院——上海周春芽艺术研究院。外部链接周春芽: 重新註解中西融合的新表現主義周春芽桃花灿烂〔新财富〕周春芽：我還是成都畫院的藝術家重庆人中国画家四川美术学院校友周姓
权增德（），山东福山人。中国人民解放军少将。 1990年7月，晋升为海军少将军衔。1993年9月，担任解放军军事法院院长。参考文献中国人民解放军少将中国人民解放军军事法院院长烟台人 ZENG
The 1932 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1932. Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party candidate Konrad K. Solberg defeated Republican Party of Minnesota challenger Theodore G. Streissguth and Minnesota Democratic Party candidate Ruth Hayes Carpenter. Results Minnesota Lieutenant Gubernatorial 1932
男人吃什么补肾又补精？肾虚指肾脏精气阴阳不足。肾虚的种类有很多，其中最常见的是肾阴虚，肾阳虚。肾虚的症状，肾阳虚的症状为腰酸、四肢发冷、畏寒，甚至还有水肿，为，寒，的症状，性功能不好也会导致肾阳虚。肾阴虚的症状为热，主要有腰酸、燥热、盗汗、虚汗、头晕、耳鸣等。当人发生肾虚时，无论肾阴虚还是肾阳虚，都会导致免疫能力的降低，肾虚发生时，肾脏的免疫能力降低，而肾脏的微循环系统亦会发生阻塞，肾络呈现不通。男人如果想补肾又补精可以吃，一，羊鞭是一种健脾益肾，温中止痛，涩肠止泻，清热解毒，祛腐生肌、抗菌、消炎、促进创面愈合、防止感染、清洁肛部皮肤，可以补肾壮阳，益气生精。二，韭菜，气味独特、浓烈的韭菜其中有温中下气、补肾益阳的功效，对老年人功性能衰退，性器官萎缩而干燥阳冷，有温壮滋润的作用。对于促进血液循环和肠道蠕动，都有很好的帮助。另外，韭菜中的钙、磷、铁、维生素、胡萝卜素含量也很高，适度食用不仅能壮阳，更有助补充体力、提振精神。三，花椒，滋味辛辣的花椒，不仅可作为料理、烹饪时，增添食物风味的调味料，更有温补脾肾、怯寒止痛的效果。更有补阳、促进血管扩张、增加血液循环素率的作用，适度食用有助滋补脾肾、改善男性勃起功能。四，蜂蜜，男人吃蜂蜜有很多方法。可以吃面包时，加一点蜂蜜进去，这将有效地增加面包的味道。也可以在喝水中喝时，也可以把它加入水中，可以具有更好的补肾补精的效果。五，核桃仁可以补肾益精。这是一种滋补强壮的食物。
Viby Parish (Swedish: Viby Församling) is an evangelical lutheran church located in the Municipality of Hallsberg, Sweden. It's unknown exactly when the church began its construction and when it was finished due to a fire that destroyed many documents in 1720 but it's believed to have been around the 13th century. The church had a total of 1921 members (Age 12 or above) as of the 31st of December, 2019. Viby Rectory Viby rectory (Swedish: Viby Prästgård) is a located in Lundby, about 2 km (1.2 miles) away from Viby Church. The current rectory was built in the 1800s with a total of 11 rectors throughout its lifetime as of today. References Churches in Örebro County Listed buildings in Sweden
胃胀气吃完饭有点想吐是怎么回事？胃胀气是指当胃、十二指肠存在炎症、反流、肿瘤时，就会使胃的排空延缓，食物不断对胃壁产生压力;同时，食物在胃内过度发酵后产生大量气体，使胃内压力进一步增高，因而就会出现上腹部的饱胀、压迫感，即胃胀气。胃胀气想吐是由于胃气上逆导致的。“胃以降为和，以通为顺”，胃气是下行的，当胃气上逆时就会出现胀气呕吐的症状。引起胃胀气想吐的原因有：暴饮暴食，饮食不节制，过食肥甘厚腻，导致胃肠功能紊乱;还有是因为情绪波动较大，肝火旺盛扰乱胃气，引起胃气上逆，出现胀气呕吐的症状。治疗胃胀气呕吐主要以降胃气为主，饮食积滞服用消食药物。原因有胃肠道中气体吸收障碍，正常情况下，腹腔内大部分气体，经肠壁血管吸收后，由肺部呼吸排出体外。有些疾病，肠壁血液循环发生障碍，影响肠腔内气体吸收，从而引起腹胀。吸入空气，吃东西时因讲话或饮食习惯不良吸入大量空气，而引起肠胀气。因某些原因，肠蠕动功能减弱或消失，所以肠腔内的气体排不出体外，因而引起腹胀。食物发酵，正常情况下，回肠下端和升结肠有大量细菌存在。如果食糜在这段肠子里，因某种原因停留时间过长，在细菌的作用下，可以引起食糜发酵，产生大量的气体，引起腹胀。饭后胃胀，是胃肠功能低下的表现，治疗当以补益脾胃为主。胃胀，平时胃胀伴口干口苦，打嗝，是肝气郁结，胃失和降的表现，治疗当以疏肝解郁为主，重在调肝。胃胀气吃完饭后不要坐躺着看电视、玩手机，可以适当散散步。若是症状持续存在，并停止排气排便，尽快到医院就诊。胃胀、恶心多是由消化道梗阻引起的，可以做一次胃镜和肠镜检查，排除器质性病变。
電動式推進是指利用電力或磁場作為太空船的動力。這系統大多採用加速電離子的技術。比衝越高代表效率越好，亦即可以用相同質量的燃料產生更多的動量。因為電動發動機比化學燃料火箭有更高的排氣速度，所以比化學燃料火箭消耗更少燃料，但由於能源所限，其推力會比化學燃料火箭弱得多。雖然電動推進器的推力較少，但推力卻可維持一段很長的時間。經過長時間後，電動發動機能加速到一個相當可觀的速度，因此電動發動機比化學燃料火箭更適合於深太空任務。目前，電動式推進發展已相當成熟，已廣泛應用於各種太空任務上。俄羅斯的衛星已經採用電動推進有幾十年。到2019年，在太陽系運行的500多個航天器採用電動推進系統。其系統除了作為它們的主要動力外，亦會用作固定航天器在軌道上及軌道提升等功能。而日後所發展出電動發動機更可產生每秒100公里的速度增量（Δv）。雖然這速度能使太空船（且是核能驅動）前往至太陽系外圍的星球，卻還不足以進行星際間的穿梭。理論上，電動式推進如能搭配外部能源（透過雷射方式傳送動力）運作，是有可能進行星際穿梭。由於電動式推進產生的推力不夠強，所以並不適合用於火箭從地球發射上太空的過程。驅動形式離子和電漿推進此一形式的發動機利用噴出離子作為動力來源。有別於一般火箭發動機，由於並不需要噴嘴，所以並不被視為真正的火箭發動機。離子發動機基本上等同於粒子加速器，原理是將離子從排氣口噴射出去以產生動力。目前知名的粒子加速器並非用作推進器，主要是用在研究及工業上，為科學測量及核散裂反應(nuclear spallation) 或離子注入 (ion implantation)等研究作出貢獻，如歐洲核子研究中心使用大型強子對撞機進行的基礎物理研究。根據用於加速離子的作用力種類，太空船所使用的電動推進器可分為三種：靜電式推進任何裝置藉庫侖靜電力產生加速度作為動力，皆屬於靜電式推進，包括：網格離子推進器 Gridded ion thruster 國家太空總署太陽能技術應用設備 NASA Solar Technology Application Readiness(NSTAR) 高能量電力推進 High Power Electric Propulsion (HiPEP) 射頻離子推進器 Radiofrequency ion thruster 霍爾推進器 Hall Effect Thruster (HET) 固定電漿推進器 Stationary Plasma Thruster (SPT) 陽極層離子推進器 Thruster with Anode Layer (TAL) 離子膠體推進器 Colloid Ion Thruster 場致發射電力推進 Field Emission Electric Propulsion (FEEP) 奈米粒子場提取推進器 Nano-particle field extraction thruster 電熱式推進電熱式推進指儀器透過產生電漿令推進劑加熱，並通過實體噴嘴或磁場噴嘴，將推進劑的熱能轉化為動能。通常採用低分子量氣體(如氫、氦及氨)作為推進劑。電熱式發動機通過噴嘴將熱能轉化為分子的直線運動，以成為自身動力，可視它為火箭。雖然電熱式發動機在比衝(ISP)方面的表現並沒有特別突出(500到1000秒)，仍比冷氣體推進器、單基發動機及大部份的雙基發動機優秀。蘇聯曾於1971年起採用電熱式發動機，包括蘇聯製的“Meteor-3”、“Meteor-Priroda”、“Resurs-O”系列的衛星，以及俄製的“Elektro”衛星。目前洛克希德·馬丁(Lockheed Martin)的A2100衛星正採用由洛克達因公司(Aerojet)製造的電熱系統MR-510，並以聯胺作為推進劑。電熱式推進器包括：電弧噴射發動機 Arcjet Thruster 電阻加熱電漿發動機 Resistojet Thruster 可變比衝磁電漿火箭 Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR) 電磁式推進電磁式推進指儀器利用離子加速，即離子受到勞侖茲力或電磁場作用(其電場與離子加速的方向不相同)影響，作為飛船動力。電磁式推進器包括：無電極電漿推進器 Electrodeless plasma thruster 磁電漿動力推進器 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster 脈衝感應推進器 Pulsed inductive thruster 脈衝電漿推進器 Pulsed plasma thruster 螺旋雙層結構推進器 Helicon Double Layer Thruster 非離子式推進光子式推進光子推進器意指儀器透過發射光子產生推力。詳見以下頁面：雷射推進 Laser propulsion 光子火箭 Photon rocket 電動纜索式推進電動纜索是一條很長的導線。如將一條纜索連接上一個特定的衛星，它就能以發電機的電動原理運作，將動能轉化為電動，或以發電機的原理運作，將電動轉化為動能。當纜索在地球的磁場中移動，便能產生電勢。電動纜索採用甚麼種類的金屬導線取決多個因素，主要包括其導電性及低密度性。次要因素則是金屬的價格、強度及熔點。詳見以下頁面：電動纜索 Electrodynamic tether 其他具爭議性的推進形式除上述的非離子式驅動形式外，還有數個推進方式曾經被提出，但尚未清楚這些方法能否在現今所知的物理規則下實現，包括：量子真空電漿推進器 Quantum Vacuum Plasma Thruster 射頻共振空腔推進器 RF resonant cavity thruster 穩定輸出型及非穩定輸出型電動推進系統亦可以分類為穩定輸出型(能於指定時間內持續地產生動力)及非穩定輸出型(以脈衝方式噴射達到預期推力)。事實上，這分類方式不只可應用在電動推進系統上，亦可以應用在任何推進形式的引擎上。動力特性由於電動式發動機的動力相當有限，因此產生的推力比化學燃料發動機更少，其推力差距甚至高達好幾個數量級。並且化學燃料火箭產生動力的方式快而直接，電動系統卻需要多個程序才能產生動力。然而在同等的推力下，電動式推進能以較少燃料，為太空船帶來可觀的航行速度，這一點相對化學燃料發動機佔有極大優勢。化學燃料發動機只能於很短的時間內運作，並大多只會於慣性軌道(inertial trajectory)上航行。當接近行星時，電動火箭雖然沒法提供足夠的推力使飛船脫離星球的表面，但長時間性的低推力卻可以令飛船在星球附近的地方航行。參考资料蘇聯及俄羅斯飛行器發動機航天器推进電動機
甲状腺癌术后护理常规？甲状腺癌是临床上十分常见的一种肿瘤疾病，这种类型的肿瘤治疗的方法主要就是通过手术的方法去除，不过在甲状腺癌术后是有很多事项需要注意的，只有这些事项全部注意到了大家还会恢复的更快一点，下面就带大家一起去了解一下其中的注意事项吧！甲状腺癌术后注意事项：1、伤口护理要多注意甲状腺癌手术跟其他的手术比起来难度上是要小很多的，因此患者术后恢复起来也会容易很多，恢复的时间也会缩短。甲状腺癌患者在做完手术之后第一个需要注意的是对伤口的护理，注意观察伤口是否起液、出血、感染等等，一旦出现这些情况一定要及时复诊，让医生对伤口再次处理。现在手术大都是使用的医疗缝合线，是不需要拆线的，正常情况下术后5-7天伤口就愈合了。2、饮食上多注意甲状腺癌患者在做完手术之后饮食上也是需要格外注意的。在术后，要忌辛辣油腻食物，戒烟戒酒，注意营养全面。可多吃一些高蛋白，高纤维，低脂低盐的食物，尽量多吃一点新鲜的水果蔬菜。这样才能够帮助伤口以更快的速度愈合，对于自己的身体健康也是有帮助的。3、按时服药，定期复查我们知道癌细胞在被去除之后还是有一定的复发几率的，也就是说甲状腺癌患者在做完手术之后并不是万事大吉的，还得听医生的话按时服药，定期去医院做复查，这样能够最大程度地降低癌细胞的复发率，也能更加清晰地了解自己的身体状况。甲状腺癌并没有大家想象的那么可怕，因为它是一种“懒”癌，患者病情进展的速度是非常慢的，如果早期发现，积极治疗，治愈率是很高的，如果大家被确诊为这个疾病无需过于绝望，通过手术是有希望治愈的。
《凯恩与阿贝尔》是英国著名作家杰弗里·阿彻所写的小说，是其所写的另一部小说《豪华之女（台版：世仇的女兒）》的前传。该小说描写了两位出身相差甚远的人在美国这一充满竞争与机遇的自由社会中艰苦的奋斗历程和彼此之间的恩怨情仇。繁體中文版由春天出版發行，書名《該隱與亞伯》。主要情节凯恩与阿贝尔，这两位同年同月同日生的人，一位是生于美国富有银行业世家的富家公子，另一位是被收养在波兰贫穷农民家的私生子。凯恩、年仅十四岁就凭借自己的智慧与手腕挫败了其继父骗取母亲财产的阴谋，随后年纪轻轻便以自身的能力当上了莱斯特银行董事长。阿贝尔、在并不知道彼此身份的情况下，与他的生父罗斯诺维斯基男爵度过了几年美好时光。但在随后爆发的一战中，他的哥哥，父亲，姐姐却接连被凶残的德国、苏俄士兵杀害，并从地狱一般的苏俄集中营死里逃生，历经千难万险来到了美国。在他的伯乐——利奥里的提拔下，阿贝尔成为了其旅店集团的经理，但利奥里却因大萧条破产而跳楼自杀，阿贝尔因而认定是冷酷无情的银行家——凯恩逼死了他的恩人并发誓要为利奥里报仇。从此，两人的命运正式交汇…… 相关条目杰弗里·阿彻豪华之女外部链接杰弗里阿彻官方网站英国小说 K
Houston Driving Park also known as Harrisburg Park was a horse racing track located in the Houston, Magnolia Park neighborhood along Harrisburg Boulevard. It was opened in 1902, and closed around 1910. The former track is now a residential area. Planning and construction In March 1902, members of the Houston Driving Park Association and the Houston Country Club surveyed an area in Magnolia Park for the grounds of a new race track. With a capacity of 600, grandstands were erected and the park had opened by November 1902. Houston Lambs tenancy In June 1904, the Houston Driving Park Association began work to temporarily transform the race park into a ballpark for temporary use by the Houston Lambs (later known as the Houston Buffaloes) of the South Texas League. After being evicted from Herald Park, the ball club eventually played several games at the Houston Driving Park beginning with a game against the Galveston Sandcrabs on July 29, 1904. The club received a new ballpark when West End Park opened the following season. References Sports venues in Houston Horse racing venues in Texas Houston Buffaloes Motorsport venues in Texas Sports in Houston Sports venues completed in 1902 1902 establishments in Texas
米德維爾（英語：Meadville）是美國賓夕法尼亞州克勞福德縣的縣治，距離伊利湖約65公里。人口約13,400人。參考來源賓夕法尼亞州縣城 1788年建立的聚居地
赵子立（），字一峰，河南永城人，中华民国高级将领、中華人民共和国政治家。作为国军将领在抗日战争期间表现活跃，第二次国共内战末期投靠中国共产党军队。生平出生于河南归德府永城县。 18歳時，加入由冯玉祥统帅的西北军,先后在暂编第三师及第三十军服役。 1927年冬，赴南京入中央陸軍軍官学校第6期工兵科。 1929年2月军校毕业，同年5月，任54师郝梦龄部322团3营中尉营副。1930年3月，升任54师参谋处上尉参谋。1930年12月任322团少校团附。1932年6月，任54师军士训练班中校主任。后又在47师上官云相部、57军关麟征部任职。 1934年入陆军大学正则班第14期，翌年升任陸軍工兵少校。 1937年5月，升任陆军工兵中校。抗日战争爆发後，担任第52軍的中校連絡参謀，不久升任上校参謀。陆军大学迁到湖南长沙后，赵子立返校继续学业。1938年7月，大学正則班第14期毕业。同年8月，任第1兵团总部少将高級参謀兼作战科長，参加武漢会战及贛北战役。 1939年，任第九战区司令长官部参谋处少将副处长兼作战科科长，后任参谋处处长、参谋长。1940年7月，晋任陆军工兵上校。1943年10月，获三等云麾勛章。 1944年6月，侵华日军攻陷长沙。赵子立被移送至重庆追究战败责任，复经蒋介石批示“免予置议”，被释放后入陸軍大学将官班甲级第一期受训。 1945年1月，陆军大学将官班毕业。1945年2月，任第五战区司令长官部参谋处处长，后升参谋长；10月，获忠勤勛章；12月，任郑州绥靖公署中将参谋长。1946年3月，获四等宝鼎勛章；5月，获胜利勛章；9月，因郑州绥靖公署所属之整编第三师于定陶被解放军歼灭，赵子立被免职。 1947年，任陆军大学兵学研究院中将兵学教官兼乙级将官班主任。1948年，任第5綏靖区副司令官兼河南省保安副司令。9月，任河南省政府委員（省政府主席：張軫），12月兼任豫東行署主任。1949年4月，任第19兵團（司令：張軫）副司令兼第127軍軍長，迎击中国人民解放軍。5月張軫举行金口起义，投共，脱离中華民國政府，趙子立被任命为代理河南省政府主席，率部撤往重慶。 1949年12月25日，在四川巴中率河南省政府及127军官兵2万人宣布起义。后入南京军事学院高级研究班学习，一年后结业。1950年11月，被聘调到南京军事学院任教，担任军职以上将领、高级战术教学工作。 1953年、在镇压反革命运动中被逮捕，收监于河南省第一监狱。 1975年初，在人民大会堂得到中国共产党中央委员会、中华人民共和国国务院代表叶剑英元帅接见，并被宣布平反决定，明确了其爱国起义人员身份，恢复名誉，落实政策。 1978年，被选为中国人民政治协商会议第五届全国委员会委员，后被增选为常务委员。1983年，被选为中国人民政治协商会议第六届全国委员会委员，同年12月被选为民革第六届中央委员会委员。1984年6月当选黄埔军校同学会理事。 1988年，被选为中国人民政治协商会议第七届全国委员会委员，同年6月当选为北京市黄埔军校同学会副会长。1989年10月当选黄埔军校同学会副会长。 1992年2月1日，于北京病逝，享年84岁。参考 Zi 永城人中華民国大陆时期军事人物国民革命軍将领第五届全国政协常务委员第六届全国政协常务委员第七届全国政协常务委员中國國民黨革命委員會黨員中国国民党革命委员会中央委员会常务委员
路氏假鰓鱂，為輻鰭魚綱鯉齒目鰕鱂亞目鰕鱂科的其中一種，為熱帶淡水魚，被IUCN列為易危保育類動物，分布於非洲坦尚尼亞東部Ruvu河流域，體長可達5公分，棲息在臨時的水塘底中層水域，生活習性不明，可作為觀賞魚。參考文獻擴展閱讀 N L N
怎样提高甲状腺功能？出现甲状腺功能减低，首先要结合甲状腺功能检查结果进行分析，如果出现甲状腺功能减退，需要及时服用药物治疗。出现甲状腺功能减低，可以明显的提高甲状腺功能，主要还是要确定具体的病因，确定在饮食方面是否采取高碘或低碘饮食，主要还是以高热量，高蛋白食物为主。也可以适当的搭配药物来进行进一步的调解。主要病理表现及危害：高代谢症群：患者可表现为怕热多汗，皮肤、手掌、面、颈、腋下皮肤红润多汗。常有低热，严重时可出现高热。患者常有心动过速、心悸、胃纳明显亢进，但体重下降，疲乏无力。神经系统：神经过敏，易于激动，烦躁多虑，失眠紧张，多言多动，有时思想不集中，有时神情淡漠、寡言抑郁者。心血管系统：心悸、胸闷、气促，活动后加重，可出现各种早搏及房颤等。消化系统：食欲亢进，体重明显减轻。生殖系统：女性患者常有月经减少，周期延长，甚至闭经，但少数患者仍能妊娠、生育；影响乳房发育。男性患者多阳痿。甲状腺后面有甲状旁腺4枚及喉返神经。血液供应主要有四条动脉，即甲状腺上下动脉，所以甲状腺血供较丰富，腺体受颈交感神经节的交感神经和迷走神经支配。甲状腺的主要功能是合成甲状腺激素，调节机体代谢，一般人每日食物中约有100-200μg无机碘化合物，经胃肠道吸收入血循环，迅速为甲状腺摄取浓缩，腺体中贮碘约为全身的1/5。碘化物进入细胞后，经过氧化酶的作用，产生活性碘迅速与胶质腔中的甲状腺球蛋白分子上的酪氨酸基结合，形成一碘酪氨酸（MIT）和二碘酪氨酸（DIT），碘化酪氨酸通过氧化酶的作用，使MIT和DIT偶联结合成甲状腺素（T4），MID和DIT偶联结合成三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3），贮存于胶质腔内，合成的甲状腺素（T4）和三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）分泌至血液循环后，主要与血浆中甲状腺素结合球蛋白（TBG）结合，以利转运和调节血中甲状腺素的浓度。
阿图尔·达科斯塔·伊·席尔瓦（，；），巴西军事领袖和政治家、總統(1967～1969)。 1899年出生 1969年逝世南里奧格蘭德州人葡萄牙裔巴西人巴西总统巴西元帥巴西反共主義者政治屠杀参与者軍人出身的總統
Odostomella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. Species Species within the genus Odostomella include: Odostomella africana Schander, 1994 † Odostomella awatubu (Nomura, 1938) Odostomella bicincta (Tiberi, 1868) Odostomella bucquoyi (Locard, 1886) Odostomella carceralis Pimenta, Absalao & Alencar, 2000 Odostomella chorea (Hedley, 1909) Odostomella doliolum (Philippi, 1844) Odostomella farica (Bartsch, 1915) Odostomella germaini (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906) Odostomella graffeuilli Saurin, 1959 Odostomella innocens Thiele, 1925 Odostomella knudseni Schander, Hori & Lundberg, 1999 Odostomella metata (Hedley, 1907) Odostomella nuptialis Thiele, 1925 Odostomella opaca (Hedley, 1906) Odostomella patricia (Pilsbry, 1918) Odostomella pupa (Watson, 1886) Odostomella pupina (Saurin, 1959) Odostomella rufolineata (A. Adams, 1863) Odostomella virginalis Thiele, 1925 The following species were brought into synonymy Odostomella jeffreysiana (Monterosato, 1884): synonym of Chrysallida jeffreysiana (Monterosato, 1884) Odostomella nuptalis [sic]: synonym of Odostomella nuptialis Thiele, 1925 Odostomella padangensis Thiele, 1925: synonym of Salassia padangensis (Thiele, 1925) Odostomella purpurea Saurin, 1959: synonym of Herviera gliriella (Melvill & Standen, 1896) References Schander C., Hori S. & Lundberg J. (1999), Anatomy, phylogeny and biology of Odostomella and Herviera, with the description of a new species of Odostomella (Mollusca, Heterostropha, Pyramidellidae).Ophelia 51 (1): 39-76 Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels. 50: pp. 180–213. External links To World Register of Marine Species Pyramidellidae
Nawaf Al-Sadi (; born 21 October 2000) is a Saudi Arabian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Pro League side Al-Shabab. Career Al-Sadi started his career at the youth teams of hometown club Al-Shaheed. He joined Abha on 26 January 2020. He was called up to the first team on 15 April 2021 in the league match against Al-Ain. He made his first-team debut on 12 August 2021 in the 6–1 defeat to Al-Ittihad. On 31 August 2022, Al-Sadi renewed his contract with Abha. On 16 December 2022, Al-Sadi made his first start for the club and first appearance in the 2022–23 season in the league match against Al-Tai. On 25 December 2022, Al-Sadi scored his first goal for the club in a 2–0 win against Al-Adalah. On 2 January 2023, Al-Sadi was awarded the Young Player of the Month award for his impressive performances in the month of December. On 28 February 2023, Al-Sadi was once again awarded the Young Player of the Month award. On 21 August 2023, Al-Sadi joined Al-Shabab on a three-year deal. Honours Individual Saudi Professional League Young Player of the Month: December 2022, February 2023 References External links Living people 2000 births Men's association football midfielders Saudi Arabian men's footballers Muhayil Club players Abha Club players Al Shabab FC (Riyadh) players Saudi Pro League players
Mount Niles is a summit located in the Waputik Range of Yoho National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. The nearest higher peak is Mount Daly, to the immediate northeast. Takakkaw Falls is situated four km to the west, the Waputik Icefield lies to the north, and Sherbrooke Lake lies to the south. Precipitation runoff from Mount Niles drains into the Yoho River and Niles Creek, both tributaries of the Kicking Horse River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises approximately 1,500 meters (4,920 feet) above Yoho Valley in four kilometers (2.5 mile). History Charles Sproull Thompson (1869–1921) named the peak in 1898, for William H. Niles (1838–1910), president of the Appalachian Mountain Club and Professor of Geology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology who also did some mountaineering in the area. The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1898 by D. Campbell and Charles E. Fay. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1924 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Geology Mount Niles is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. Climate Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Niles is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. Gallery See also Geography of British Columbia References External links Weather: Mount Niles Parks Canada web site: Yoho National Park Niles Canadian Rockies Mountains of Yoho National Park Kootenay Land District
Robert Mudražija (born 5 May 1997) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for NK Slaven Belupo. Early career Born in Zagreb in 1997, Mudražija started his football career with Dinamo Zagreb. He left the team at the age of 15 when he joined NK Zagreb youth team. Club career Mudražija started his professional career with NK Zagreb in the Croatian First Football League in 2014. After spending two seasons with the club, he moved to FC Liefering of the Austrian second tier in 2016. In June 2017 he returned to Croatia where he joined Osijek. On 28 January 2019, it was announced that Mudražija would be joining Copenhagen for an undisclosed fee believed to be around €3 million. On 26 January 2021, Copenhagen announced that Mudražija would be loaned to his native nation's Rijeka for a period of 18 months. In December 2021, he was loaned to Slovenian PrvaLiga side Olimpija Ljubljana. International career Mudražija was capped for the Croatian under-18, under-19, under-20, and under-21 sides. Honours Copenhagen Danish Superliga: 2018–19 References External links 1997 births Living people Footballers from Zagreb Men's association football midfielders Croatian men's footballers Croatia men's youth international footballers Croatia men's under-21 international footballers NK Zagreb players FC Liefering players NK Osijek players F.C. Copenhagen players HNK Rijeka players NK Olimpija Ljubljana (2005) players NK Slaven Belupo players Croatian Football League players 2. Liga (Austria) players Danish Superliga players Slovenian PrvaLiga players Croatian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Austria Expatriate men's footballers in Denmark Expatriate men's footballers in Slovenia Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Austria Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Denmark Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
The Frazer Nash Le Mans Replica, and its evolution, the Frazer Nash Le Mans Replica Mk2, is a sports car, designed, developed and built by British manufacturer Frazer Nash, between 1949 and 1954. References Sports cars Cars of England 1940s cars 1950s cars
普萊森特維尤村（）是位於美國印地安納州巴塞洛繆縣的一個非建制地區。該地的面積和人口皆未知。地理普萊森特維尤村的座標為，而該地的平均海拔高度為202米（即663英尺）。參考文獻印第安納州非建制地區巴塞洛繆縣非建制地區 (印地安納州)
Arnold Anthony (28 July 1886 – 14 October 1968) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played 52 first-class matches for Auckland and Canterbury between 1905 and 1931. Anthony was a middle-order batsman, strong on the pull and the square cut, an accurate slow bowler, and a brilliant fieldsman. He was the first winner of the Redpath Cup, awarded since 1920–21 to the best New Zealand batsman of the first-class season. He scored 251 runs in the Plunket Shield in 1920–21 at an average of 62.75, including 55 not out and 113 in Auckland's 382-run victory over Canterbury. He made his highest first-class score of 116 against Canterbury in 1929–30, when he was 43. He took his best bowling figures of 6 for 43 against the touring MCC in 1922–23. He played senior club cricket for Parnell in Auckland until November 1937, when he was 51. He and his wife Clara married in December 1915. He later served overseas with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force in World War I. References External links 1886 births 1968 deaths New Zealand cricketers Auckland cricketers Canterbury cricketers Cricketers from Christchurch New Zealand military personnel of World War I
六月廿二，农历六月第二十二天。大事记出生唐宪宗元和五年，唐宣宗李忱。逝世清穆宗同治二年，石达开。节假日和习俗其他内容参看日历六月二十 - 六月廿一 - 六月廿二 - 六月廿三 - 六月廿四五月廿二 - 六月廿二 - 七月廿二正月 - 二月 - 三月 - 四月 - 五月 - 六月 - 七月 - 八月 - 九月 - 十月 - 十一月 - 腊月公历6月22日
Sympistis wilsoni is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by William Barnes and Foster Hendrickson Benjamin in 1924. It is found in the Canadian provinces of Alberta and British Columbia. The wingspan is about 24 mm. External links wilsoni Moths of North America Moths described in 1924
科洛納鎮區（）是位於美國伊利諾伊州亨利縣的一個行政鎮區。地方資料根據2010年美國人口普查的數據，科洛納鎮區的面積為77.30平方千米，當中陸地面積為75.00平方千米，而水域面積為2.30平方千米。當地共有人口6752人，而人口密度為每平方千米87.35人。參考文獻伊利諾州鎮區亨利縣鎮區 (伊利諾伊州)
縮尺複合體公司348型白色騎士2號是一隻噴氣動力的母艦機用以發射太空船2號進入太空。它是基於太空船2號的母船白色骑士2号,兩者都是基於普羅透斯號。維珍銀河一共訂購了兩部白色骑士2号。第一部因理查德·布蘭森的母親命名為VMS Eve,第二部因記念理查德·布蘭森的密友史蒂夫·福塞特命名為VMS Spirit of Steve Fossett(史蒂夫·福塞特精神號)。"VMS"前綴代表維珍母船(Virgin Mothership)。航次規格機組員：兩名机组+太空船内组员長度：78英尺9英寸（24米）负载：17,000千克（37,000磅）以达到50,000英尺（15,000米）；搭载LauncherOne火箭时可以发射200千克卫星至低地球轨道实用升限：70,000英尺（21,000米）翼展：141英尺1英寸（43米）空重：最大離陸重量: 未知動力:4台普惠加拿大PW308涡轮风扇发动机，每台6,900磅力（30.69kN）推力外部連結 BBC - In pictures: Space tourism jet Video of White Knight Two being unveiled Photos of Virgin Galactic’s White Knight Two unveiling Photos of cockpit and interior of White Knight Two 飛機維珍銀河
Jillian Elizabeth Babin (born November 7, 1989) is a Canadian curler from Fredericton, New Brunswick. She currently plays second on Team Andrea Crawford. She has won five New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts and represented New Brunswick at the 2007 Canada Winter Games. Career Juniors Babin won one provincial junior title in 2009 as third for Ashley Howard. At the 2009 Canadian Junior Curling Championships in Salmon Arm, British Columbia, The Howard rink finished in eighth place with a 5–7 record. Also with Howard, she represented New Brunswick at the 2007 Canada Winter Games, where they just missed the playoffs with a 3–2 record. Women's Babin won the 2010 New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts as second for the Andrea Crawford rink. At the 2010 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the team went 5–6, missing the playoffs. Her team also won provincials the following year at the 2011 New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts where they defeated Sylvie Robichaud in the final. At the 2011 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Charlottetown, team New Brunswick went 3–8. She won her third consecutive provincial title at the 2012 New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts. New Brunswick went 5–6 once again at the Hearts. Babin took a break from competitive curling for a few years before returning in 2017 as second for Jennifer Armstrong. At provincials, the team lost in the semifinal to Sarah Mallais. After Cathlia Ward moved to skip her own team in Newfoundland and Labrador, the team brought on Babin's former teammate Andrea Crawford to skip the team. At the 2019 New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Team Crawford posted a perfect 5–0 record en route to capturing the title. At the Hearts, the team went 3–4, missing the playoffs. To start the 2019–20 season, Team Crawford won their first two events, the Steele Cup Cash and the Atlantic Superstore Monctonian Challenge. They played in a Grand Slam event, the 2019 Tour Challenge Tier 2. After a 2–2 round robin record, they lost the tiebreaker to Jestyn Murphy. The team defended their provincial title by winning the 2020 New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts in late January 2020. At the Hearts, the Crawford rink started with three losses before rallying off four wins in a row including scoring a seven ender against top-seeded Manitoba's Kerri Einarson rink to win 13–7 and defeating Team Canada (skipped by Chelsea Carey) 7–5. Their 4–3 round robin record qualified them for the tiebreaker against Saskatchewan's Robyn Silvernagle rink. Saskatchewan took two in the extra end for a 9–7 victory, eliminating New Brunswick from contention. The team announced on June 18, 2020, that they would be adding Sylvie Quillian to the team at third. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick, the 2021 provincial championship was cancelled. As the reigning provincial champions, Team Crawford was given the invitation to represent New Brunswick at the 2021 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, but they declined due to work and family commitments. Team Melissa Adams was then invited in their place, which they accepted. Team Crawford played in five tour events during the 2021–22 season, performing well in all of them. In their first event, The Curling Store Cashspiel, the team reached the final where they lost to Nova Scotia's Christina Black upon giving up a stolen victory. They then lost in the final of the Steele Cup Cash two weeks later to the Melodie Forsythe rink. They would then secure two victories in their next two events, going undefeated to claim the titles of the Dave Jones Stanhope Simpson Insurance Mayflower Cashspiel and the Atlantic Superstore Monctonian Challenge. The team then had a semifinal finish at the Stu Sells 1824 Halifax Classic, dropping the semifinal game to Switzerland's Corrie Hürlimann. The 2022 New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts was cancelled due to the pandemic and Team Crawford were selected to represent their province at the 2022 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Thunder Bay, Ontario. At the Hearts, the team began the event with five straight wins, the most consecutive wins to start a Tournament of Hearts of any New Brunswick team. Team Crawford finished the round robin with a 6–2 record, qualifying for the playoff round over higher seeded teams such as Wild Card #2 (Chelsea Carey), Wild Card #3 (Emma Miskew) and Saskatchewan's Penny Barker. They then defeated the Northwest Territories' Kerry Galusha in the knockout round and upset Team Canada's Kerri Einarson to reach the 1 vs. 2 page playoff game, becoming the first New Brunswick team to reach the playoffs since Heidi Hanlon in 1991. They then lost to Northern Ontario's Krista McCarville in the 1 vs. 2 game and Canada's Einarson rink in the semifinal, earning the bronze medal from the event. Mixed Babin represented New Brunswick at one Canadian Mixed Curling Championship in 2018 with Chris Jeffrey, Brian King and Katie Forward. The team finished 2–4 at the 2019 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship, missing the playoffs. Personal life Babin currently works as a self-employed chiropractor. Teams References External links 1989 births Canadian chiropractors Canadian women curlers Curlers from New Brunswick Living people People from Restigouche County, New Brunswick Sportspeople from Fredericton 21st-century Canadian women
胃出血吃什么菜？胃出血的话一般都是因为饮食不当，过多食用辛辣刺激性食物，加上之前可能又有胃炎，胃溃疡等慢性胃病，严重程度视情况而定，所以胃出血的饮食必须重视。建议你不要给吃什么杂七杂八的保健品来治疗，这只会起到反作用。胃病最好不要用西药来治疗，是不能根治的。胃出血俗称上消化道出血，40%以上是由胃、十二指肠溃疡导致，工作过度劳累、日常饮食不规律、情绪异常紧张等有消化道病史的人群容易发病；其次是急性出血性胃炎导致的胃出血，这两种原因导致的胃出血大部分经过正规治疗后都能得到有效救治。另外是肝硬化导致的胃出血，肝硬化病人一般都会发展成食管胃底静脉曲张，如果再食用粗糙食物、情绪过度刺激，食管胃底的静脉血管爆裂就会发生大出血。胃出血的死亡率高达10%。所以你要抓紧治疗。慢性胃炎胃炎是个长期的过程，也需要你长期注意保养。具体来说就是，饮食要有规律，一日三餐准时均匀，很多人不吃早饭，这个习惯是非常对胃病不利的。食物中，生，冷，硬，辣，的少吃，甚至不吃。这个需要点毅力，不吃辣椒，而且再热的天坚决不喝冰水，不吃冰激凌。少和碳酸饮料，少和茶。睡觉前喝杯热牛奶。多吃流质食物，如粥类，不要吃多盐，还有腌制食品。这两样东西里都含有亚硝酸胺，可以诱发和导致胃溃疡病变。含粗纤维较多的芹菜、韭菜、菠萝、火腿尽量不要或者少吃；咖啡、酒、浓茶等，以及过甜、过酸的饮料不喝或者少喝，必要的话还应戒烟戒酒。水果可以考虑食用口味清淡，无酸类刺激的，苹果类硬性水果就先不要考虑了，雪梨香蕉可以少吃，有清肠功能。
菲淋菌性尿道炎？菲淋菌性尿道炎有的人不是很了解很清楚它是指由淋菌以外的其他原体，主要是沙眼衣原体和支原体等引起的一种性传播疾病。在临床上有尿道炎的表现，但在分泌物中查不到淋球菌，细菌培养也无淋球菌生长。女性患者常合并子宫颈炎等生殖道炎症。本病目前在欧美国家已超过淋病而跃居性传播疾病的首位，在我国日益增多，成为最常见的性传播疾病之一。菲淋菌性尿道炎典型症状尿道刺痒，伴有尿急、尿痛及排尿困难，但症状较淋菌性尿道炎轻。无症状或排少量黏性分泌物；在较长时间不排尿或清晨首次排尿前，屎道口可泌出少量黏液性分泌物，有时仅表现为痂膜封口或内裤污秽。有相当一部分人可无任何症状。泌尿生殖系炎症；男性患者可发生附睾炎。女性患者不如男性典型，很多患者可无症状，一般可发生尿道炎、黏液脓性宫颈炎、急性盆腔炎症性疾病及不育症等。由于有些非淋菌性尿道炎的患者可无任何症状，发病缓慢，症状不典型，在初诊时易被误诊或漏诊，因此，对有尿道炎的患者，应注意以下几点：①患者有不洁性生活史，潜伏期一般为1～3周。②对无症状的患者，首先确定有尿道炎，然后再与淋病作鉴别；③取分泌物进行革兰染色排除淋病的可能，当高倍视野下可见到10～15个中性粒细胞，同时无革兰阴性双球菌时，可疑诊为非淋菌性尿道炎；④免疫荧光法或酶免疫法检查沙眼衣原体或培养法检查解脲支原体，阳性者可以诊断。针对非淋菌性尿道炎的病因、病机，中药治疗以清热解毒，利湿通淋为主，辅以补肾固本，活血化瘀，扶正祛邪，提高机体免疫力，注意饮食，不要吃辛辣食品！
Isatou Nyang (born 3 July 1984) is a Gambian Paralympic athlete. She was the first female Paralympic athlete from Gambia when she raced in the 2012 Summer Paralympics, where she was the Gambian flag bearer in the opening ceremony. Life Nyang was born in 1984 in Serekunda with legs of unequal length. Her shorter leg has a "bad foot" and her longer leg has no foot at all. Because of that, she uses a wheelchair. In 2002 she started training with male athletes at night playing basketball and racing. In 2004 she won a 10 km wheelchair race. She has children and despite becoming one of the best wheelchair athletes in Gambia she has no means of support. She would train four times a week and in 2011 she was recognised as the "Gambia Paralympics Player of 2010" by the Sports Journalists Association of Gambia. In 2012 she was the flag bearer for the Gambia when she competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. Her lack of leg function placed her in the T54 category and she raced in the heats of the Women's T54 100 metres and the Women's 800 metres T54. Her 100m time of 20.32 was a seasonal best. She and Damba Jarju were the Gambia's first Paralympians and in 2015 Sulayman Colley, who was the President of the Gambia National Paralympic Committee was hoping to send six athletes to the 2016 Summer Paralympics, but this did not happen. Damba Jarju was sent again as the only representative of the Gambia in Rio. In 2019 Nyang was begging in Gambia because she needed the money to feed her family. The success of competing at the 2012 Paralympics did not bring her financial security. In fact she made just £200 from the Paralympics. Many disabled people in the Gambia have to beg each day and travel is difficult as taxi and auto rickshaw drivers consider a wheelchair to be too much trouble. The position for people with disabilities was especially difficult during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, since they could not beg while staying at home. Nyang planned to compete again in 2020, but only two athletes were sent to represent the Gambia at the Paralympics. However Nyang's result in the 100m was still cited in 2021 as her country's best result at the Paralympics. Private life Nyang divorced her husband in 2011 and in 2019 she was supporting herself, her mother, and three children. References 1984 births Living people People from Serekunda Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Paralympics Female wheelchair racers Gambian female athletes Gambian people with disabilities
双氯非那胺片的副作用（不良反应）？1? 一般用药后常见的不良反应有：? （1）四肢麻木及刺痛感；（2）全身不适症候群：疲劳、体重减轻、困倦抑郁、嗜睡、性欲减低等；更易出现精神错乱；（3）胃肠道反应：金属样味觉、恶心、消化不良、腹泻；更易出现厌食；（4）肾脏反应：多尿、夜尿、肾及泌尿道结石等；（5）可出现暂时性近视，也可发生磺胺样皮疹，剥脱性皮炎。 2? 少见的副作用：（1）电解质紊乱：代谢性酸中毒、低钾血症，补充碳酸氢钠及钾盐有可能减轻症状；（2）听力减退；（3）最严重的不良反应是造血系统障碍：急性溶血性贫血、粒细胞减少症、血小板减少症、嗜伊红细胞增多症、再生障碍性贫血；和肾功能衰竭。
下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的病因是什么？(一)发病原因流行病学调查结果显示动脉硬化的3大高危因素是：高血压、高胆固醇和吸烟，与动脉硬化闭塞的发生和发展有一定关系。动脉硬化的发病原因是多源性的，据美国心脏学会的流行病学调查结果，动脉硬化的主要和次要危险因素。动脉硬化闭塞症是动脉硬化逐渐发展的结果，真正的发病原因尚未完全清楚。在各种病因学说之间都存在一些相关因素。在动脉硬化发病的高危因素中，身体不同部位的动脉硬化病变可能与某些高危因素的关系更密切些。例如血浆中胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白的水平与冠心病明显相关，而与脑血管、周围血管动脉硬化仅中度相关。脑血管疾病主要与高血压相关，周围血管闭塞性病变的主要危险因素是吸烟。(二)发病机制1.发病机制动脉硬化闭塞症的主要发病机制可有下列几种学说。(1)损伤及平滑肌细胞增殖学说 Rokitansky于1852年最早提出动脉硬化发病过程中的损伤反应学说，各种原因造成的动脉内膜损伤是发生动脉硬化的始动因素，这些损伤因素主要包括：高血压、血流动力学改变、血栓形成、激素及化学物质刺激、免疫复合物、细菌病毒、糖尿病及低氧血症等。动脉内膜损伤后，刺激平滑肌细胞向内膜移行，随后发生增殖。动脉中膜的平滑肌细胞是一种多功能的细胞，它能合成胶原、弹力素和氨基葡聚糖(GAGs)等物质。在较大的动脉平滑肌细胞与弹性蛋白和胶原蛋白构成了中膜的平滑肌细胞层，管腔表面由单层内皮细胞层覆盖。在高血压、高脂血症或损伤等因素作用下，内皮细胞层完整或受到破坏时都可以促使动脉平滑肌细胞增殖。在平滑肌细胞增殖过程中，首先损伤过程本身以及由内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞破坏释放出的碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)刺激平滑肌细胞发生第1次增殖。而来源于血小板的促血小板生长因子(PDGF)则刺激平滑肌细胞游移至内膜。游移至内膜处的平滑肌细胞增殖主要受到血管紧张素及PDGF的调节，促进平滑肌细胞增殖。这些增殖的细胞形成了大量细胞外基质以及脂质聚积，最终形成动脉硬化斑块。在硬化斑块处的动脉壁使管腔周围正常的弥散作用中止或通过血管滋养管氧传送降低，可导致局部动脉壁的低氧血症，在动脉硬化斑块中细胞代谢的低氧状态可致病变部位发生坏死及炎症。(2)脂质浸润学说血脂是通过血管内膜间隙渗入到内皮下，再经中层和外膜进入淋巴循环被清除，脂质以脂蛋白的形式存在于血浆中，脂质蛋白是脂质和蛋白质结合的复合体。脂蛋白中脂肪含量愈多，其密度愈低，根据其密度不同可分为高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)及乳糜微粒(CM)4种。在动脉硬化过程中，低密度脂蛋白主要积聚在动脉内膜。导致低密度脂蛋白在动脉内膜积聚的主要原因为：动脉内膜通透性改变，使LDL渗入增多;内膜的组织间隙增加;血管细胞代谢LDL的能力降低;从内膜运送LDL到中膜的过程受阻;血浆中的LDL浓度增高;在动脉内膜LDL与结缔组织复合物的特异性结合。老年人动脉壁中黏多糖减少，有助于LDL渗入动脉壁内。动脉壁内的酶活性减退，也有利于胆固醇的沉积，各种脂蛋白容易在内膜下滞留，聚积。最终就会形成动脉硬化斑块。另外，Brown等人首先报道了细胞表面存在着LDL受体，LDL与受体结合后被运送到细胞内进行蛋白水解，然后释放氨基酸到中膜。正常情况下LDL受体在内脂网内合成，通过高尔基器嵌插在质膜、遗传上的异常可导致受体不能识别蛋白或异常的受体不能和LDL相结合。在a型高胆固醇血症患者伴有LDL受体缺乏，导致LDL摄入量减少，使体内血中LDL增高。因此，家族性高胆固醇血症患者是患动脉硬化的高危人群。在动脉硬化病变过程中，HDL对动脉壁具有保护作用，LDL在溶酶体内水解蛋白质成分被水解成氨基酸，胆固醇被水解成游离胆固醇，一部分被利用，一部分贮存。HDL主要功能是消除胆固醇，将其送到肝脏进行代谢。LDL与HDL的平衡决定动脉壁中胆固醇的代谢。在发生动脉粥样硬化时，LDL量增多，胆固醇酯化酶的活性明显增高。因此，动脉壁内脂质代谢紊乱均参与了动脉硬化病变过程。(3)血流动力学说在动脉硬化的发病过程中，血流动力学改变及特殊的血管解剖部位是2种互相关联的致病因素。硬化斑块往往好发于血管床的特定部位。血流动力学因素：导致硬化斑块形成的血流动力学有关因素包括：切力(Shear Stress)，血流分离、淤滞、切力向量的摆动、湍流及高血压。A.切力：管壁切力是由血流沿血管内皮细胞表面运动所产生的正切拉力，其变化梯度与血流及血液黏度成正比，与血管半径的立方(r3)成反比。因此血管半径稍有变化就可对管壁切力造成很大影响。目前的研究证实，动脉硬化斑块主要是位于血管壁的低切力区而不是在高切力区。尽管有实验结果表明急性的管壁切力增高可引起血管内皮细胞破坏、脱屑及平滑肌细胞增殖，但在慢性管壁切力增高的过程中并未见到血管内皮细胞受损。动脉硬化斑块好发于血管低切力区域的机理是低切力使从血管壁运输动脉硬化物质的过程迟缓，导致脂质沉积增加。另外，低切力状态干扰了维持动脉壁及内皮细胞代谢功能有关物质的正常转换。血流分层及淤滞。在动脉分叉部，例如在颈动脉分叉处，血流速度变慢并发生血流分层现象，这样就使血管壁接触血流中动脉硬化物质的时间变长，有助于动脉硬化斑块形成。另外，血流分层使血小板易于沉积有关放射学及超声检查的研究已经证实了颈支脉分叉处的外侧壁存在血流分层及血流淤滞现象。B.湍流：这一种随机的紊乱的血流现象在正常血管系统内很少见到。目前认为湍流与动脉硬化斑块形成没有直接关系，湍流发生于病变的远端，它对动脉硬化斑块的破裂或血栓形成起到一定作用。血管解剖因素：在下肢动脉硬化病变过程中，动脉硬化的好发部位是分叉处，肾下腹主动脉及髂股动脉。这与其解剖学特点有一定的关系。肾下腹主动脉特别易于发生动脉硬化性病变，可导致形成闭塞性的硬化斑块或动脉瘤样改变。腹主动脉与胸主动脉的不同之处是血流状态管壁结构及滋养血管。肾动脉以下腹主动脉的血流量主要取决于下肢运动的程度，案牍生活及体力活动减少可导致腹主动脉段血流速度降低，和胸主动脉相比腹主动脉壁内的滋养血管很少。因此，腹主动脉血流速度减慢以及动脉内膜和中膜营养差异，这2种因素使动脉硬化物质在腹主动脉内膜积聚。在下肢股浅动脉是动脉硬化狭窄性病变的最常见的发生部位，而在股深动脉却很少发生。股浅动脉斑块并不好于分支部位，而斑块引起的狭窄性病变最早出现的部位是收肌腱裂口处。靠近股浅动脉的大收肌腱的机械刺激使该处容易形成动脉硬化斑块导致股浅动脉下段发生闭塞。但是也有学者持不同看法。Blair认为内收肌管内的股浅动脉并不十分易于形成硬化斑块，而是对内膜斑块增加的血管扩张反应能力受限。因此，与其他部位相同程度的内膜斑块在内收肌管内的股浅动脉就可产生较严重的狭窄。(4)遗传学说遗传学调查显示本病有家族史者比一般人群高2～6倍，可能是由于遗传缺陷致细胞合成胆固醇的反馈控制失常，以致胆固醇过多积聚。2.好发部位动脉硬化闭塞症绝大多数发生在下肢，因下肢动脉粗长，承受血液的压力大，动脉内膜受内外损伤的机会比较多。下肢动脉3个易发病部位是：小腿胫腓动脉、股腘动脉及主髂动脉，股腘动脉发生率最高，这与大腿内收肌管周围肌肉反复收缩机械性损伤有很大关系。Servell报道5100例手术病例，闭塞部位分布为：主髂动脉段14%;股动脉49%;腘动脉16%;胫前胫后动脉21%。本病的特点是，狭窄或闭塞性病变常呈节段性，局限于动脉分叉处，累及一侧或双侧下肢动脉，上肢很少累及。病变长度一般4～10cm，病变远端的动脉多通畅，可作为血管旁路移植手术的流出通道，使多数病例可以接受手术治疗。3.病理生理动脉硬化闭塞后可引起多方面的病理生理变化。(1)肢体缺血：肢体缺血可分为功能性和临界性缺血。功能性缺血(Functional Ischemia)：在休息状态下能保证肢体血流供应，但随着肢体运动，血流不能增加。临床上表现为间歇性跛行。其主要表现特点有三：A.在做功的肌肉群表现疼痛;B.一定的运动量可以使疼痛重复出现;C.运动停止后可使疼痛迅速解除。慢性临界性肢体缺血(Chronic Critical Limb Ischemia)：慢性临界性肢体缺血的诊断标准需具备以下几点：A.反复发作的静息痛超过2周，需定期服用止痛剂，伴踝部动脉收缩压6.67kPa(50mmHg)，趾端收缩压4.0kPa(30mmHg)。B.足或足趾溃疡及坏疽，伴踝部动脉压6.67kPa(50mmHg)，或趾端收缩压4.0kPa(30mmHg)。与跛行疼痛的方式不同，缺血性静息痛不表现在肌肉群而是在足部特别是足趾和跖骨头。临界肢体缺血的病理生理机制：当动脉干发生狭窄或闭塞时，远端可造成局部低血压，释放血管活性物质，导致小动脉扩张，通过微血管扩张代偿维持营养血流。病变进一步发展由于跨壁压力低造成毛细血管小动脉萎陷，小动脉痉挛，微血栓形成，组织间水肿可引起毛细血管萎陷，内皮细胞肿胀，血小板积聚，白细胞黏附及局部免疫系统激活，这些因素最终导致了肢体末梢微循环灌注障碍。(2)动脉血流变化：动脉硬化斑块好发于下肢动脉的后壁，及主动脉的起始处或分叉的部位。股浅动脉常常广泛受累。随着斑块积聚，血栓可沉积于病变部位以及邻近的动脉壁，最终可导致血流受阻。动脉完全阻塞。肢体血流量与动脉压呈正比与外周阻力呈反比。主要动脉发生闭塞后，导致梗阻远端灌注压降低，总的外周阻力增加，肢体血流量减少。当肢体主要血管闭塞时，血流总的阻力是侧支血管并联阻力之合。如果同一动脉发生2处闭塞其总的阻力按串联阻力相加，因此多处动脉闭塞血管阻力较1处动脉闭塞的阻力大。动脉本身的代偿能力下降，甚至不能满足最低需要量，导致组织坏死。(3)侧支循环：侧支循环是存在于主干血管旁血管，平时并不开放，当主干血管狭窄或闭塞时由于血管两端的压力差使侧支血管逐渐扩张。当运动时组织低氧、酸中毒，使周围阻力进一步降低，压力差增大。侧支循环通常对慢性单一血管段闭塞可提供适当的血流，能够满足肢体静止时的需要以及额外的血流维持中等量的运动。但是突然发生的动脉闭塞如栓塞等，侧支循环没有充足的时间代偿可导致肢体组织坏死。另一方面如果侧支循环的发展和动脉闭塞性病变的进展保持一致，患者的临床症状可能没有变化，或者有短暂肢体严重缺血，随着侧支循环的发展而逐渐缓解。腹主动脉末端闭塞时：可以从肋间动脉、腰动脉与髂腰、臀、旋髂深及腹壁动脉之间吻合。另一条侧支是肠系膜上动脉的左结肠分支及肠系膜周围小动脉，最后经直肠血管进入腹壁下动脉。髂外动脉股总动脉闭塞时：腹壁下动脉的臀支与股深动脉的旋股动脉分支之间的吻合，该侧支循环旁路被称之为“十字吻合”。股浅动脉闭塞时：股深动脉的穿通支和腘动脉的膝关节支之间的侧支循环开放代偿。
馮恩（），字子仁，號南江，南直隸松江府華亭縣放鶴灘左人，明朝政治人物。生平年幼丧父，除夕夜無米為炊，室內因大雨潮濕，冯恩讀書牀上自若。嘉靖五年（1526年）进士，授行人司行人。曾奉命慰劳王守仁，對王守仁执弟子礼。八年（1529年）九月授南京浙江道御史，十一年（1532年）任巡江御史（巡视上江），冬十月，因彈劾大学士张孚敬、方献夫、吏部尚书汪鈜奸状，下狱论死。冯恩被綁出长安门，士民观者如堵，競相傳話“是御史，非但口如铁，其膝、其胆、其骨皆铁也。”故有“四铁御史”之譽。其母吴氏击登闻鼓鸣冤。其子馮行可刺血书疏，请代父死，得以谪戍雷州（今广东雷州半岛）。隆庆初，起復為大理寺丞。著作有《芻羹錄》二十卷。後代子馮行可、馮時可等。參考文獻 E 华亭县人明朝行人司行人南京浙江道監察御史明朝大理寺丞
布羅克湖（），是德國的湖泊，位於該國東北部，由梅克倫堡-前波美拉尼亞州負責管轄，處於羅斯托克縣，長0.7公里、寬0.1公里，面積0.11平方公里，海拔高度24米。德國湖泊
老人尿频尿急挂什么科？尿频是一种症状，并非疾病。由于多种原因可引起小便次数增多，但无疼痛，又称小便频数。尿频的原因较多，包括神经精神因素，病后体虚，寄生虫病等。对尿频患儿需除外尿路感染、外阴或阴茎局部炎症等。老人尿频尿急一般来说，我们一般建议都是挂泌尿外科，然后是这种泌尿外科的医生，给你做一些相关的检查，然后做一些处理，像这些检查，一般来说我们都是建议患者做一些尿常规的检查，然后可以做一些泌尿系的B超，看看肾脏、输尿管、膀胱，有没有什么问题，在如果有些情况，就是尿里面同时有红细胞、白细胞，或者说是患者同时有一些发热、感染的一些症状的时候，我们还要建议患者做一些尿的一个细菌培养，然后通过这个来找到这个尿里面感染的是什么原因，在哪里，然后根据这个结果，做一个对症处理。尿频尿急是从我们平时的，日常生活中可以看到，患者主要表现为一个排尿的次数增多，或者无法控制住排尿，这些原因，一般比较常见的原因，就是泌尿系的感染，当然还有一些其他的疾病，可以导致这个症状，比如说泌尿系的结核或者是泌尿系的肿瘤，还有一些其他的原因，都可以引起来尿频尿急，所以说如果出现这些症状，大家还是要注意提高警惕，做一些相关的检查，排除一些特殊的疾病，比如说泌尿系结核、泌尿系肿瘤，可以做一些尿常规的检查，然后再辅助做一些超声的检查，就可以进行一个初步的诊断，如果有需要的话，可以做进一步的检查，比如说做泌尿系的CT或者核磁检查。如果是上尿路感染，需要输液治疗，疗程2周左右。如果是前列腺炎导致的尿频、尿急，需要根据是否为细菌感染，选择应用抗生素治疗，或者应用α受体阻滞剂或中成类药物治疗，疗程在1个月以上。如果为神经性尿频，治疗上不能应用消炎类药物，主要以精神调节，配合α受体阻滞剂治疗为主。
費耶爾州（）是匈牙利中部的一個州。面積4,358.45平方公里，人口417,651（2015年）。首府塞克什白堡。行政区划区份比奇凯区多瑙新城區埃宁格区加尔多尼区毛尔通瓦沙尔区莫尔区沙尔博加德区塞克什白堡区市镇下設2市、15镇、11大村、78村。匈牙利州級行政區
Covada is an unincorporated community in Ferry County, in the U.S. state of Washington. History A post office called Covada was established in 1905, and remained in operation until 1954. The name is an acronym of several nearby mines, namely Columbia, Orin, Verin, Ada, Dora, and Alice. References Unincorporated communities in Ferry County, Washington Unincorporated communities in Washington (state)
以下为江西省抚州市资溪县范围内的各级文物保护单位：全国重点文物保护单位江西省文物保护单位以下为资溪县范围内的江西省文物保护单位：抚州市文物保护单位资溪县文物保护单位参考文献及注释资溪县
John Frederick Snow (August 15, 1907 – July 13, 1956), born Piqua, Ohio was an American radio writer, writer of ghost stories, and scholar, primarily of the works of L. Frank Baum. When Baum died in 1919, the twelve-year-old Snow offered to be the next Royal Historian of Oz, but was politely turned down by a staffer at Baum's publisher, Reilly & Lee. Snow eventually wrote two Oz books: The Magical Mimics in Oz (1946) and The Shaggy Man of Oz (1949), as well as Who's Who in Oz (1954), a thorough guide to the Oz characters, all of which Reilly & Lee published. In his second year in high school, the precocious Snow created the first radio review column in American journalism, in The Cincinnati Enquirer. After graduation, Snow pursued a career in print journalism and primarily in radio, with periods in teachers college and the U. S. Army. He named the Ohio radio station WING, and spent seven years with the National Broadcasting Company in New York. In 1944, he attempted to get NBC to produce a radio series based on the stories of fellow Weird Tales author Ray Bradbury. Snow published five stories in Weird Tales over the space of two decades: "Night Wings" (September 1927) "Poison" (December 1928) "Second Childhood" (March 1945) "Seed" (January 1946) "Midnight" (May 1946) These were all included in Dark Music and Other Spectral Tales (1947) with the exception of "Second Childhood". A full description of each tale in the collection appears in the entry on Snow in E.F. Bleiler's Guide to Supernatural Fiction <ref>E.F. Bleiler, The Guide to Supernatural Fiction, Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1983, pp. 466–67.</ref> Snow also published several letters in the letters column of Weird Tales over the years. "Seed" has also been reprinted in Marvin Kaye's 1988 anthology Weird Tales: The Magazine That Never Dies". When Snow assembled his 1947 collection Dark Music he wanted it to include a dozen of his best stories, including one of his more sinister tales, “Midnight,” which had appeared in the May 1946 issue of Weird Tales with Bradbury's story "The Smiling People." Later, Bradbury agreed to write the foreword for the volume. But the publisher insisted on padding the volume with a number of Snow's stories that were juvenilia. Bradbury, only twenty-six years old at the time, had agreed to write a foreword for Snow's collection but he reneged when he read these additions, rejecting them as "patently unpublishable". It has been rumored that the jackets for all copies of Jack Snow's book, Dark Music and Other Spectral Tales, (whose cover art is by Ronald Clyne – his first published book jacket) had to be overstamped with a bar of ink, to block out Bradbury's name- but no copy has ever surfaced with such a bar of ink. Snow wrote to Bradbury "You are a literary craftsman with ambitions to become a skilled and recognized artist in the field. I have no such ambitions. I want to write because I enjoy it." Snow also wrote a short story, "A Murder in Oz," for Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, but the editors rejected it, and it was posthumously published in The Baum Bugle. That story has been published in a recent collection titled Spectral Snow (Hungry Tiger Press, 1996), which collects several of the horror stories Snow sold to popular magazines, such as Weird Tales. There is a good deal of overlap between Snow's two collections but each contains stories not found in the other. The eponymous story has been anthologized in other collections. Anthony Boucher praised Who's Who in Oz for its comprehensive set of character sketches, plot synopses, biographical notes, and "skilled discussion of many arguable points in the chronology and history of Oz"." There have been rumors over the years of a third unpublished Oz book by Snow, entitled Over the Rainbow to Oz (involving either Polychrome, the rainbow's daughter, or an early history of Oz), but no manuscript has ever been discovered. Snow's address book of Oz fans, discovered after he died, became the basis of the mailing that established The International Wizard of Oz Club.The Baum Bugle'' winter 1987 issue contains biographical and bibliographical information about Snow as well as critical analysis of his horror output. An entry on the movie website IMDB indicates that he died in New York of internal hemorrhaging and is buried in Forest Hill Cemetery, Piqua, Ohio (his birthplace), next to his father, John Alonzo Snow. Both father and son are buried in lot 021 001. Notes External links 1907 births 1956 deaths 20th-century American novelists 20th-century American male writers American children's writers American fantasy writers American horror writers American male novelists Novelists from Ohio Oz (franchise) People from Piqua, Ohio
Rhodactina incarnata is a species of secotioid fungus in the family Boletaceae. It is found in the sandy soil of dry, Dipterocarpaceae-dominated forests in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. The fungus was described as new to science in 2006, becoming the second species in genus Rhodactina. The specific epithet incarnata, derived from the Latin for "flesh-colored," refers to the fruitbody color. References External links Boletaceae Fungi described in 2006 Fungi of Asia Secotioid fungi
William Brown ( – unknown) was a Scottish professional golfer who played in the late 19th century. Brown had one top-10 finish in The Open Championship. His best performance was a tie for fifth place in the 1877 Open Championship. Early life Brown was born in Scotland, circa 1854. Golf career The 1877 Open Championship was the 17th Open Championship, held on 6 April at Musselburgh Links, Musselburgh, East Lothian, Scotland. Jamie Anderson won the Championship, by two strokes from runner-up Bob Pringle. Brown carded rounds of 39-41-45-41=166 and finished in a tie for fifth place in the tournament and took home £1 in prize money. Later (1885), he was secretary of the St. Andrews Golf Club. Death Brown's date and place of death are unknown. References Scottish male golfers 1850s births Year of death missing
2022年8月24日乌克兰独立日期间，位于乌克兰第聂伯罗彼得洛夫斯克州的一个火车站遭到俄罗斯军队的火箭弹袭击。截至2022年8月25日，本次袭击已造成25人死亡，31人受伤。搜救搜救工作已在被袭击的第聂伯罗彼得洛夫斯克州查普林镇展开，并发现了另外三具遗体，使原先报道的22人死亡上升至25人死亡。反应 2022年8月25日，俄罗斯国防部确认了本次袭击，并称袭击目标为军用列车，再次否认在“特别军事行动”中针对平民。 8月25日，欧盟谴责了本次“俄罗斯发动的致命性轰炸”，并对那些“应对俄罗斯火箭恐怖主义事件负责的人”提出警告。欧盟外交政策负责人何塞普·博雷尔发推文称，“欧盟强烈谴责俄罗斯对平民的再一次发动‘令人发指’的袭击行动。” 参考文献俄罗斯入侵乌克兰期间的空袭 2022年8月鐵路車站襲擊事件第聶伯羅彼得羅夫斯克州歷史俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭期間的戰爭罪行俄羅斯發動的空襲
60号加利福尼亚州州道（）是一条东西方向的加利福尼亚州州道。该公路连接了洛杉矶和博蒙特，全长70英里。外部链接 California @ AARoads.com - State Route 60 Caltrans: Route 60 highway conditions California Highways: Route 60 The 60/91/215 Freeway Improvement Project 加利福尼亚州州道
小儿神经性皮炎怎么治疗？相信每一个刚做爸妈的人都听说过小儿神经性皮炎，小儿神经性皮炎是一种常见的皮肤病，常发病在体制较弱的小儿身上，小儿平时接触刺激性过敏性的东西等都是导致患病的原因，影响了孩子的健康。小儿神经性皮炎的治疗目的主要是止痒，调节饮食和情绪，减少刺激，避免因瘙痒而搔抓，从而进一步加重病情。药物治疗可选用抗组胺类药物、钙剂等对症止痒，辅以维生素类药物内服；瘙痒严重者可选用镇静剂；皮疹泛发者可予静脉封闭或联合使用雷公藤类的药物。预后情况：本病病程较长，常反复发作。小儿神经性皮炎的病因尚不明确，可能与下列因素有关：1.神经精神因素，如精神紧张、焦虑不安、抑郁、睡眠不足、烦躁易怒等；生活环境突然变化等均可使病情加重和反复。2.局部刺激，如衣领过硬而引起的摩擦，化学物质刺激、昆虫叮咬、阳光照射、搔抓等，均可诱发本病的发生。3.其他，胃肠道功能障碍、内分泌紊乱、体内慢性病灶感染、饮酒、进食辛辣食物等，均可能成为致病因素。小儿神经性皮炎好发于颈部两侧、颈部、肘窝、腘窝、骶尾部、腕部、踝部，亦见于腰背部、眼睑、四肢及外阴等部位。皮损仅限于一处或几处为局限性神经性皮炎；皮肤逐渐出现粟粒至绿豆大小的扁平丘疹，圆形或多角形，坚硬而有光泽，呈淡红色或正常皮色，散在分布。小儿神经性皮炎在日常护理上，需要养成良好的卫生习惯，注意个人卫生，不要使用油脂性护肤品等；避免局部反复搔抓、热水烫洗、洗涤剂的使用等不良的刺激；忌过度劳累和精神紧张，不宜穿过硬的内衣，以免伤害到皮肤；作息规律，预防便秘等不良情况发生。在饮食调理上，多吃清淡食物和水果，避免鱼、虾、浓茶、咖啡、酒类、麻辣食物等。
中风偏瘫如何治疗？偏瘫，又叫半身不遂，是指同一侧上下肢、面肌和舌肌下部的运动障碍，是急性脑血管病的常见症状。轻度偏瘫病人虽然尚能活动，但走起路来，往往上肢屈曲，下肢伸直，瘫痪的下肢走一步划半个圈，这种特殊的走路姿势，叫做偏瘫步态。严重者常卧床不起，丧失生活能力。按照偏瘫的程度，可分为轻瘫、不完全性瘫痪和全瘫。那么，中风偏瘫如何治疗？1.药物治疗修复受损的神经胶质细胞、神经细胞轴突和微血管，增加受损脑组织的营养支持，提高脑组织的修复潜能，进行全面、深入的脑部修复。除了必须的药物治疗外，还必须及早进行康复治疗。2.物理治疗包括功能性点刺激、电子生物反馈、关节活动度训练、肌肉牵伸训练，肌力训练、转移训练、步态训练等。3.作业治疗包括衣、食、住、行的日常生活基础动作、职业劳动动作及工艺劳动动作训练等。主要训练上肢功能及提高患者日常生活活动能力。目的是让患者逐渐适应个人生活、家庭生活、社会生活的种种需要。4.传统康复治疗包括针灸、按摩和中药熏蒸、光疗、水疗、蜡疗以及超声疗法、穴位磁疗、中西药直流电导入疗法等。中风偏瘫如何治疗？通过上述的介绍，相信大家对中风偏瘫如何治疗有所了解了，偏瘫的治疗时间长，需要持之以恒，要注重日常护理，供给营养丰富和易消化的食物，满足蛋白质、无机盐和总热能的供给；对失语患者施行语言训练，可在一定程度上恢复其说话能力。定期体格检查是预防中风、偏瘫的重要措施。对年龄40岁以上的人群，特别是有高血压、糖尿病或中风家族史的人，定期进行体格检查，及早发现及早治疗中风的危险因素，可以预防中风的发生。
脊柱侧弯畸形的危害？脊柱有大于10度的侧方弯曲，即可诊断为脊柱侧弯。它是一种脊柱的三维畸形，包括冠状位、矢状位和轴位上的序列异常。轻度的脊柱侧凸通常没有明显的不适，外观上也看不到明显的躯体畸形。较重的脊柱侧凸则会影响婴幼儿及青少年的生长发育，使身体变形，严重者可以影响心肺功能、甚至累及脊髓，造成瘫痪。轻度的脊柱侧凸可以观察，严重者需要手术治疗。脊柱侧凸是危害青少年和儿童的常见疾病，关键是要早发现、早治疗。脊柱侧弯的危害包括：一、外观畸形；二、胸段脊柱侧弯容易影响心肺功能；三、脊柱侧弯导致脊柱两侧骨骼肌肉受力不平衡，容易导致肌肉劳损、紧张及腰背疼痛症状；四、严重侧后凸畸形，尤其后凸畸形有可能压迫脊髓神经，引起神经症状，如下肢麻木、无力，大小便障碍，甚至瘫痪等；五、心理影响，脊柱侧弯患者可能有自卑等心理脊柱侧弯不仅可以发生于花季少女（早发型脊柱侧弯），也可发生于老年人。对于青少年家长来讲，应早发现，早治疗，避免病情加重。对于老年人来讲，易引起背部或下肢疼痛，严重影响生活质量。轻型的脊柱侧弯，对脊柱的稳定性、脊髓的保护无特别影响。如果不加控制，轻型的脊柱侧弯会逐渐加重，加重到一定程度，则会导致较严重的危害，如脊柱退变、增生，引起肌肉僵硬、局部疼痛、脊柱活动受限。压迫神经时会引起四肢功能障碍，如肌肉肌力的减退、肢体的麻木、活动受限，甚至瘫痪，大小便失禁。脊柱侧弯还可引起胸廓和心肺功能的障碍。所以脊柱侧弯应早诊断，早发现，早治疗。
張英才（，），香港前粵語片、電視劇演員、粵語配音員。1950年出道，至2006年榮休。他入行早期以演出電影為主，往後兼拍電影及電視劇集。也為不同作品配音。張英才曾是邵氏（兄弟）明星籃球隊成員。2023年6月14日於老人院病逝，享壽88歲。背景張英才1934年出生於香港、祖籍湖南省衡陽市，在香港出生和長大，早年就讀香港華仁書院，與電影演員金雷為同學，畢業於威靈頓英文中學。張英才年少時於九龍窩打老道「九龍青年會劇社」參與戲劇活動，1950年16歲時加入香港電影圈而正式出道，他於1953年，張英才以新人身份考入永茂電影公司，同時被錄用的新晉演員尚有阮兆輝兄弟、駱恭、上官筠慧以及李香凝等人。及後永茂電影公司改組，經電影公司而解散，他於1956年加入邵氏工作，是1960年代的開始涉足邵氏電影粵語片組的當家小生之一，張英才曾與胡楓、呂奇、謝賢齊名。張英才高大英俊，戇厚樸實的形象討好女觀眾，所以被稱為廣東話版的關山等。1964年，與林鳳一齣《街市皇后》將二人演藝事業推上高峰。其餘代表作包括《工廠少爺》、《大丈夫日記》等。後來在1966年，張與友人合組「萬福影業」公司拍攝粵語片。 1960年代，張英才被麗的映聲招納成為旗下藝人。1970年粵語片式微。其時香港引入無線廣播技術，及後於1970年代轉到無綫電視發展，先後一直在無綫電視服務至2006年，兼任配音工作。由於演藝經驗豐富，配音也如演戲般投入角色、充滿感情，是70年代最高水準的配音員之一。他於2000年代起已大幅增加較少了減產，因無綫劇集製作遂漸減少，偶爾參演自製的電影及劇集，2006年拍畢《高朋滿座》及《爸爸閉翳》其後淡出幕前。而張英才除了演戲之外，亦擅長繪畫西洋油畫；其畫作曾用作1959年電影《獨立橋之戀》拍攝之用。 2023年6月14日，張英才在老人院離世，享年88歲。個人生活張英才在1960年代與粵語片演員車綺芬（方玲）拍攝《遙遠的路》與《伏魔乾坤劍》時認識，之後於1964年結為一對，二人婚後育有兩名兒子，但在1969年離婚。演出作品 *以下列表只記錄張英才演出過的電影與劇集作品，若有遺漏，請協助補充相關資料。電影（粵語片）電視劇（麗的映聲）電視劇（無綫電視）電視節目（無綫電視） 1970年代：歡樂今宵（演出） 1982至1983年：絲綢之路 1994年：江山如此多Fun 配音作品 ※粗體表示者為作品中的主角或要角電視動畫／OVA 劇場版／動畫電影特攝片日劇中／港劇台劇英／美劇電影注釋參考來源外部連結《六十年代粵語片紅星》展覽特刊八齣摩登時裝片　再展林鳳動人魅力大丈夫係我！Oh very nice... 香港電視主持人香港舞臺演員香港粵語片演員香港男配音員邵氏兄弟男藝員前麗的電視藝員無綫電視男藝員張張香港華仁書院校友威靈頓英文中學校友香港湖南人香港商人 20世纪男演員 21世紀男演員英屬香港人物香港電影男演員香港電視男演員衡阳人 Ying
巴爾史密斯山（），是南極洲的山峰，位於瑪麗皇后地，處於登曼冰川西面，海拔高度1,310米，在1912年12月由澳大拉西亞探險隊發現，現時由南極條約體系管理。參考資料南極洲山峰
Samuel Whitaker Pennypacker (April 9, 1843 – September 2, 1916) was an American politician and the 23rd governor of Pennsylvania, serving from 1903 to 1907. A judge assigned to Pennsylvania's Court of Common Pleas system prior to his election as governor, he also researched and wrote about Pennsylvania history. Biography Gov. Pennypacker was born in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania on April 9, 1843. He was the son of Dr. Isaac A. Pennypacker and Anna Maria Whitaker, and the grandson of Matthias and Sarah Anderson (daughter of Isaac Anderson), and of Joseph and Grace Whitaker. He was a cousin of Galusha Pennypacker. He and his grandfather Whitaker witnessed Abraham Lincoln's speech outside Independence Hall in February 1861, standing away. He received his education at the Grovemont Seminary at Phoenixville and at the West Philadelphia Institute. He was the fourth great-grandson of Abraham op den Graeff. His great great great grandfather Hendrick Pannebecker emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1699. Pennypacker's early education was interrupted several times. In 1863, he answered a call to arms by Governor Andrew Curtin during the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War. He enlisted as a private in Company F of the 26th Pennsylvania Volunteer Militia and trained at Camp Curtin. He fought in the skirmish at Witmer Farm, north of Gettysburg on June 26, 1863, an action that saw his newly recruited regiment retreat to Harrisburg when confronted by veteran Virginia cavalry. He left the emergency militia in late July 1863 and resumed his education. Pennypacker studied law at the University of Pennsylvania and opened his own law practice in 1866. Elected president of the Law Academy of Philadelphia in 1868, he was then also selected for membership with the American Philosophical Society in 1886. From 1876 to 1888, he was reporter-in-chief for the Court of Common Pleas No. 3. In 1889, he was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas No. 2 and was elected for two terms of ten years each, acting for several years (1896-1902) as president judge of that court. In 1902, he soundly defeated Robert Pattison, who was seeking a third nonconsecutive term as governor. During his term in office, Pennypacker signed into law the Child Labor Act of 1905; setting a minimum age and standard for young workers. He created the Pennsylvania State Police and the State Museum, and oversaw the completion of the new state capitol building. He led a war on the easy divorce system of Pennsylvania. He also signed the Salus-Grady libel law, requiring newspapers to print the names of their owners and editors and making them responsible for negligence. The Salus-Grady law also banned "any cartoon or caricature or picture portraying, describing or representing any person, either by distortion, innuendo or otherwise, in the form or likeness of beast, bird, fish, insect, or other unhuman animal, thereby tending to expose such person to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule." Pennypacker had been insultingly caricatured as a parrot during his campaign, mindlessly mimicking the words of his political bosses. The passage of this law was widely criticized, not least by Pennsylvania cartoonists who immediately began depicting political figures as inanimate objects and vegetables. The furor was observed nationwide, and the law was never enforced. In 1906, Pennypacker vetoed what would have been the first compulsory sterilization law in the United States. At the time of the veto, Pennypacker stated: It is plain that the safest and most effective method of preventing procreation would be to cut the heads off the inmates, and such authority is given by the bill to this staff of scientific experts...Scientists like all men whose experiences have been limited to one pursuit...sometimes need to be restrained. Men of high scientific attainments are prone...to lose sight of broad principles outside of their domain...To permit such an operation would be to inflict cruelty upon a helpless class...which the state has undertaken to protect..." During his time in office, Pennypacker made his home in Schwenksville at Pennypacker Mills, a farm and mansion that eight generations of Pennypackers lived in before it was eventually donated to Montgomery County and is now a historic park. He also used Moore Hall as a summer home. Pennypacker was later president of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania and held positions of honor in various German and Netherlandish societies. As president of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, he wrote extensively. Amongst his publications was a history of the Phoenixville area, Annals of Phoenixville and Its Vicinity: From the Settlement to the Year 1871. He had a collection of over 10,000 items pertaining to Pennsylvania history. In 1915, he was appointed chairman of the Public Service Commission of Pennsylvania, which office he held until his death. He married Virginia Earl Broomall in 1870. They had four children. He died at Pennypacker Mills, aged 73, and was buried in Morris Cemetery, Phoenixville. Pennypacker Hall at the Penn State University Park campus is named for him, as is the Samuel W. Pennypacker School at Philadelphia. Works Historical and biographical sketches (1883) The settlement of Germantown, Pennsylvania, and the beginning of German emigration to North America (1899) Pennsylvania in American History (1910) Desecration and Profanation of the Pennsylvania State Capitol (1911) The Autobiography of a Pennsylvanian (1918) Notes References Collection of Samuel Pennypacker biographies Pennsylvania State Archives biography of Samuel Pennypacker Brief biography Pennypacker Mills 1843 births 1916 deaths Republican Party governors of Pennsylvania Judges of the Pennsylvania Courts of Common Pleas Pennsylvania lawyers Union Army soldiers University of Pennsylvania Law School alumni Politicians from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania Military personnel from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War 19th-century American historians 19th-century American male writers American Lutherans American people of German descent Historians from Pennsylvania 19th-century American judges 19th-century American lawyers 19th-century Lutherans Whitaker iron family Members of the American Philosophical Society 19th-century American businesspeople American male non-fiction writers
Ella B. Tyree (born c. 1920) was an American medical researcher. She worked in the mid-twentieth century investigating effects of radiation poisoning in animals and potential treatments. Education Tyree attended Spelman College. She trained in biology. Career In 1941, Executive Order 8802 was passed to prevent discriminatory hiring practices in defense and many Black Americans sought work in government projects related to the Manhattan Project. The type of position varied according to education and training, but there were scientists, technicians, construction workers, domestic workers and janitors. In the Jim Crow era, these positions were an opportunity for higher, stable pay and for advancement. However, segregation and racist practices in housing were still common. Tyree became a laboratory technician at the Metallurgical Laboratory in Chicago during the Manhattan Project. She worked in the Health Division and managed the animal farm which supplied the researchers with subjects for radiation experiments. In 1949, her team, led by Dr. Harvey M. Patt, reported that preemptively treating mice with cysteine provided protection from normally-lethal radiation doses. They theorized that the amino acid could prevent damage to cells exposed to X-rays. The treatment could be delivered orally or by injection in the hour preceding radiation exposure, and led to approximate survival rates of 80% compared to 20% when untreated. It did not help after exposure. In addition to the growing interest in radiation research from the perspective of atomic weapons, it was also seen as a potential aid in cancer treatments to protect surrounding areas from radiation damage when administering high radiation doses. Publications Nickson, James J; Lawrence, Walter; Rachwalsky, Irene; Tyree, Ella (1953). "Roentgen rays and wound healing:II. Fractionated irradiation an experimental study". YMSY Surgery. 34 (5): 859–862. ISSN 0039-6060. OCLC 4927667588. Smith, Douglas E.; Tyree, Ella B. (1954-05-01). "Influence of X-Irradiation Upon Body Weight and Food Consumption of the Rat". American Journal of Physiology. Legacy Content. 177 (2): 251–260. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1954.177.2.251. ISSN 0002-9513. Smith, Douglas E.; Tyree, Ella B. (1955-12-31). "Influence of X-Irradiation Upon Water Consumption by the Rat". American Journal of Physiology. Legacy Content. 184 (1): 127–133. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1955.184.1.127. ISSN 0002-9513. Smith, Douglas E.; Tyree, Ella B. (1956). "Attempts to Provide the Rat with Nutrition during Post-Irradiation Anorexia". Radiation Research. 4 (5): 435–448. doi: 10.2307/3570265. ISSN 0033-7587. Gunter, Shirley E.; Kohn, Henry I.; Tyree, Ella B.; Laughlin, John S.; Ovadia, Jacques; Shapiro, Gerald; Thompson, Patricia (1956). "The Relative Biological Effectiveness of 180-Kevp and 22.5-Mevp X-Rays Determined from the Dose-Survival Curve of Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Radiation Research. 4 (4): 326–338. doi: 10.2307/3570213. ISSN 0033-7587. Kitagawa, Toshio; Glicksman, Arvin S.; Tyree, Ella B.; Nickson, James J. (1961). "Radiation Effects on Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: A Quantitative Study of Collagen Content: Modification with l-Triiodothyronine". Radiation Research. 15 (6): 761–766. doi: 10.2307/3571112. ISSN 0033-7587. Clapp, Paul; Tayao, Manuel S.; Tyree, Ella B.; Nickson, James J.; Clarkson, Bayard; Lawrence, Walter (1964-08-01). "An experimental study of simultaneous irradiation and regional chemotherapeutic perfusion". Journal of Surgical Research. 4 (8): 371–376. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4804(64)80086-X. ISSN 0022-4804. PMID 14200441. Clapp, Paul; Charyulu, K. K. N.; Tayao, Manuel S.; Tyree, Ella B.; Nickson, James J.; Lawrence, Walter (1965). "Regional oxygenation and therapeutic response to irradiation. An experimental study". Cancer. 18 (8): 927–936. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(196508)18:83.0.CO;2-K. ISSN 1097-0142. Tyree, Ella B.; Glicksman, Arvin S.; Nickson, James J. (1966). "Effect of L-Triiodothyronine on Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Dogs". Radiation Research. 28 (1): 30–36. doi: 10.2307/3571925. ISSN 0033-7587. References See also African-American scientists and technicians on the Manhattan Project History of radiation therapy Spelman College alumni African-American women scientists Manhattan Project people Radiation health effects researchers American women biologists Women on the Manhattan Project
Myurella pertusa, common name the perforated auger, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails. Description The length of the shell varies between 30 mm and 115 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Aldabra and the Mascarene Basin. References Bratcher T. & Cernohorsky W.O. (1987). Living terebras of the world. A monograph of the recent Terebridae of the world. American Malacologists, Melbourne, Florida & Burlington, Massachusetts. 240pp. Terryn Y. (2007). Terebridae: A Collectors Guide. Conchbooks & NaturalArt. 59pp + plates External links Fedosov, A. E.; Malcolm, G.; Terryn, Y.; Gorson, J.; Modica, M. V.; Holford, M.; Puillandre, N. (2020). Phylogenetic classification of the family Terebridae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea). Journal of Molluscan Studies Terebridae Gastropods described in 1778 Taxa named by Ignaz von Born
蒙泰（，）是法国上法蘭西大區北部省的一个市镇，属于康布雷区。地理（）面积，位于法国上法蘭西大區北部省，该省份为法国最北部的省份及最长的省份，西北濒北海，西接加来海峡省，南至埃纳省和索姆省，东与比利时接壤。与接壤的市镇（或旧市镇、城区）包括：。的时区为UTC+01:00、UTC+02:00（夏令时）。行政的邮政编码为，INSEE市镇编码为。政治所属的省级选区为。人口于时的人口数量为人。参见诺尔省市镇列表参考文献诺尔省市镇
Events in the year 1940 in India. Incumbents Emperor of India – George VI Viceroy of India – Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow Events National income - 35,084 million 24 March Lahore Session of AIML where Pakistan Resolution was proposed by Bengal PM Fazlul Haq and duly passed, hence the Jinnah-Muslim League demanded a separate homeland for the Indian Muslims openly for the first time here. 8 Aug - Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's August Offer to seek support in war efforts which was rejected by the nationalist. Re-entry of Gandhiji in political scene with organisation of individual satyagraha (chose 1500 members) to speak and protest against army entry, against working in ammunition factories etc. to withdraw world war 2 support. First such satyagrahi to be arrested was Vinoba Bhave. Arrests by Govt including Netaji and Nehru. Latter was interned for 4 years for instigating peasants of UP. Law 19 November – The Central Legislative Assembly rejects the Finance Bill. 21 December – The Finance Bill is certified by the Viceroy. Drugs and Cosmetics Act Births 1 January – Asrani, actor. 6 January – Narendra Kohli, author (died 2021). 10 January - K. J. Yesudas, playback singer. 1 February – Ajmer Singh, athlete and educator (died 2010) 20 April - Kenneth Powell. Olympic sprinter (died 2022). 10 May - Ibrahim Sutar, social worker, poet and folk musician (died 2022). 15 June - Elvera Britto, hockey player (died 2022). 24 June - Murali Mohan, politician and member of parliament from Rajahmundry. 27 July – Bharati Mukherjee, writer (died 2017). 1 August – Eunice de Souza, poet, literary critic and novelist. (died 2017) 7 August – Vijay Raghunath Pandharipande, physicist (died 2006). 8 August – Dilip Sardesai, cricketer (died 2007). 13 August – M. K. Cheriyan, retired college principal. 20 August – Rajendra K. Pachauri, economist and environmental scientist. (died 2020). 5 September – Siddeshwar Swami, spiritual leader (died 2023) 12 November – Amjad Khan, actor and director (died 1992). 12 December – Sharad Pawar, politician and Minister. Full date unknown Sa. Kandasamy, novelist. (died 2020) Deaths 20 November – Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad, scholar, freedom fighter and founder of Muslim Independent Party (born 1880). References India Years of the 20th century in India 1940 in Asia 1940s in India India in World War II
3岁小儿口吃如何治疗？口吃通常被称为结巴和磕巴是一种言语障碍，其特征是频繁和无意识的重复，声音，音节，单词或短语，停顿和长时间的言语中断，其频率和强度不同于正常流利的人，它还包括说话前的异常犹豫或停顿口吃者称之为语音块和某些声音的延长。口吃是指说话时字音重复或词句中断的现象，是一种习惯性的语言缺陷，通称结巴，它牵涉到了遗传基因，神经生理发育，心理压力和语言行为等诸多方面的，非常复杂的语言失调症，口吃是指说话时言语中断，重复，不流畅的状态，是儿童期常见的语言障碍，患病儿童约占儿童总数的半分之五，大约一半的口吃儿童，是在五岁以前发病的，口吃多在幼儿期形成，同样，也最易在幼儿期纠正，如果在幼儿期不纠正，有时口吃可伴随终生。父母一定要耐心、细心地多与孩子交谈，彻底消除孩子怕口吃的心理状态，当孩子有一点进步时，就应给予鼓励和奖励，总之，要使孩子说话时不感到有一点点心理压力，要多与孩子说话，说话的速度略慢，边说边问，引导孩子答话，如孩子一时不愿回答，不必勉强，可以继续说话，要让孩子在不注意自己有口吃缺点时，自然而然地回答问题，切忌在孩子说话时，不断指责他的缺点，口吃治疗多集中在非药物治疗上，有言语训练，心理治疗，生物电反馈节拍器，改变发声方法，延迟语音反馈方法，声音掩蔽法等等，口吃是指说话时单词的重复或单词和句子的中断，这是一种习惯性的语言缺陷，它通常被称为口吃，它是一种非常复杂的语言障碍，涉及遗传，神经生理发育，心理压力和语言行为等多个方面。
精神狂躁症能治愈吗？躁狂症是一种以情感高涨或是易激惹为临床症状的病变，多数患者在处于躁狂症这个病变过程中，是会出现精力旺盛、活跃性过度甚至是会伴随幻觉以及妄想等多个症状性，所以在处于躁狂症发病期间，整体的状态都是会出现明显的异常，且这样的异常都是会对患者日常的生活状态造成严重的影响。躁狂症是属于精神病的一种，这种精神病的程度是有轻有重。在随着患者出现躁狂症这种精神病的反复影响下，若是不及早干预且进行妥善的治疗，是会导致持续性发病且持续一周以上的时间，加上各种无法控制且反复的发病次数，都是会明显导致患者自身处于一种临近崩溃的现象，并且周边的人群也非常担心在病人发病时会对其造成一定的影响或伤害，因此是会带给患者以及家人极大的痛苦。躁狂症患者在病变过程中，及早干预和治疗都是可以有效缓解和控制病情，但是对于根本性的治愈是比较困难的。因为在处于精神病变的一个状态过程中，自身的心理、情感方面皆是会比较难以控制，加上一些生活的琐碎情况，都是会使病情出现反复，所以想要彻底治好是极难的。并且躁狂症是具有严重的危害性，因此在确定是躁狂症的情况下，都是应该通过心理治疗以及药物治疗结合而达到控制病情的目的。综上所述，躁狂症是属于精神病的一种，并且它的反复发作都是会给患者以及家人造成极大的影响，所以是需要通过药物以及心理治疗同时结合后，使病情得到更好的控制。但是躁狂症是具有反复性极强的病变，所以只能通过治疗后而达到控制性效果，并无法彻底性治好。
尿道炎和前列腺炎的区别？尿道炎和前列腺炎区别比较大，尿道炎主要是在膀胱出口到尿道这一段发生炎症，它主要症状是尿频、尿急、尿痛，甚至有血尿、流脓等。前列腺炎主要是前列腺发炎，前列腺发炎多半与尿道炎有关系，因为尿道中段的细菌逆行进入前列腺导致。尿道炎通过多喝水，多排尿，一般很快可以达到有效的治疗。而前列腺炎治疗期比较时间长，因为前列腺有一层包膜，质地比较硬，很多抗菌素不容易穿透。前列腺炎很多患者长期久坐、熬夜，所以前列腺炎容易反复发作。对于尿道炎和前列腺炎，推荐多喝水，多排尿。男性在出现尿道炎的时候，会经常的和前列腺炎相混淆，那么这两种疾病在出现的时候也会具有一定的相似之处，比如男性出现尿道炎的时候就会有尿频和尿急的症状，而且还会直接地造成分泌物的过多。当出现这些症状的时候就会误认为是前列腺炎的出现，那么二者之间究竟有什么样的区别呢？我们今天就来具体的了解一下这方面的知识。1、尿道炎是一种传染性的疾病而前列腺炎并不是传染的疾病，尿道炎主要是因为微生物的感染，而引起的，包括淋球菌和衣原体以及滴虫或者是真菌，而前列腺炎大多都是由病原的微生物所造成的，包括大肠杆菌和金黄色的葡萄球菌。2、尿道炎在出现的时候都会直接地引起尿痛和尿道出现一夜的症状，在不排尿的时候也会出现，而前列腺炎并不会产生尿道溢液，只会出现尿滴白或者是尿频和尿急，会阴部会出现明显的疼痛感。3、要到炎在治疗的时候，一定要选择足够量的药物和一定的疗程，是一种比较容易反复发作的疾病，要选择透彻的抗生素来采取治疗，而前列腺炎是需要根据自身的情况综合的选择治疗方法。注意事项：我们上面所说的是尿道炎和前列腺的区别，那么男性朋友在生活当中一定要注意避免接触哪些病原微生物，包括身体的虚弱，或者是经常喝酒食用辛辣性的食物就会造成进一步的复发。
不育不孕七项检查费用？不孕不育7项检查是属于免疫抗体的检查，其检查费用，一般是在4百元-6百元，常常要在三级医院，或者妇产科专科医院才会有这项专门的检查。主要的检查项目包括抗精子抗体、抗子宫内膜抗体、抗滋养层细胞膜抗体、抗透明带抗体、抗卵巢抗体、抗绒毛膜抗体，以及抗心磷脂抗体。如果检查发现不孕不育抗体出现阳性，常常会增加不孕不育的几率。不孕七项检查的内容有全身性的检查和妇科检查。全身性的检查有生长发育情况、甲状腺以及第二性征发育的情况等，而妇科检查有白带常规检查，还要做阴道镜检查与宫颈癌的筛查等。包括卵巢垂体功能检查、子宫内膜病理检查，宫颈粘液检查，输卵管通畅术试验，免疫检查，性交后试验和体外精子穿透试验。建议夫妻双方同时去医院进行检查。不孕七项检查是指不孕抗体七项检查，包括：1、抗精子抗体检查；2、抗子宫内膜抗体检查；3、抗透明带抗体检查；4、抗滋养层抗体检查；5、抗绒毛膜促性腺激素抗体检查；6、抗心磷脂抗体检查；7、抗卵巢抗体。值得一提的是如果不孕，不孕抗体七项检查中，如果有出现阳性会增大不孕不育的几率，而且抗体之间也并不是单独存在的，可能是多个抗体出现阳性的结果。在免疫性不孕中一定要重视不孕七项的检查。俗话说民以食为天，一日三餐有学问，而作为不孕不育的患者合理进食有滋养身体，补经益气的作用。如果饮食不当，瞎吃乱补也是有危害的，久而久之也会导致不孕症。而天天吃药也不是办法，俗话说药补不如食补，食补有阴阳寒热、温补清血之本，而需要指出的是，饮食之中饮酒尤数禁忌之列，酒精对精子、卵子都有影响，长期饮酒可以导致慢性的酒精中毒，引起不孕不育。不孕症患者究竟该不该补？如何补？我认为配合营养治疗，影响不孕不育很重要的关系并非吃得饱，吃得好就一定是营养好，不能偏食，不能过于补。
瓦尔兹苏沙托讷夫（，；）是法国多姆山省的一个市镇，位于该省南部偏东，属于伊苏瓦尔区。地理（）面积，位于法国奥弗涅-罗讷-阿尔卑斯大区多姆山省，该省份为法国中南部省份，北起阿列省接壤，东临卢瓦尔省，南至上盧瓦爾省和康塔爾省，西接科雷兹省和克勒兹省。与接壤的市镇（或旧市镇、城区）包括：。的时区为UTC+01:00、UTC+02:00（夏令时）。行政的邮政编码为，INSEE市镇编码为。政治所属的省级选区为。人口于时的人口数量为人。参见多姆山省市镇列表参考文献 V
The 1922 Dayton Triangles season was their third in the league. The team improved on their previous output of 4–3–1, losing only three games. They finished seventh in the league. Schedule Standings References Dayton Triangles seasons Dayton Triangles Dayton Tri
大藨草（学名：）也称硕大藨草，为莎草科大藨草属下的一个种。参考文献 D
The RT-20 is a Croatian bullpup anti-materiel rifle developed by Metallic in Rijeka in the mid-1990s and marketed by RH-Alan. It was developed to shoot the thermal sights on Serbian M-84 and T-72 tanks. The name itself is an acronym of the Croatian word Ručni Top 20, or "Hand Cannon 20mm". Operating with a bolt action, it houses a single 20mm round and must be reloaded after each shot. Given its large caliber, it is one of the most powerful anti-materiel rifles currently in use by any country and is comparable to the South African Denel NTW-20 and the Indian Vidhwansak, with the difference being that the RT-20 is recoilless. Specifications A unique feature of the weapon is the counter-recoil reactive tube above the barrel. This venturi tube funnels gasses from the propellant rearwards and over the shooter's shoulder, similar to that of a recoilless rifle. This method of recoil reduction is seldom used in small arms due to the dangerous and highly visible backblast area it generates, the RT-20 is no exception. An additional feature that differentiates RT-20 from other anti-armor and anti-materiel rifles is the placement of the bolt behind the shooter's head. This dictates that either the user has a teammate, or they must take the rifle off of their shoulder to reload. Chambering 20x110mm Hispano, the rifle fires a 130 gram (2,006 grains) projectile at a muzzle velocity of 850 m/s, producing a massive muzzle energy of 46,962.5 J. It is likely that this cartridge was chosen for logistical reasons as it is also fired by the Zastava M55 anti-aircraft autocannon. Such a large amount of energy requires the use of nine lugs on the head of the bolt in an interrupted thread pattern, designed to unlock when turned 60 degrees clockwise. The large cartridge size allows for a wide variety of ammunition to be used including AP, API, APIT, HE, HEI, HEIT, SAPHEI, APSD, HE-M, as well as the potential to easily develop future unique loadings such as airburst or guided munitions. Users - in limited use See also List of bullpup firearms List of sniper rifles Truvelo Sniper Rifles References External links http://www.kalashnikov.ru/upload/medialibrary/754/038_042.pdf 20mm sniper rifles Firearms of Croatia Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1993 Anti-materiel rifles Bullpup rifles Recoilless rifles Single-shot bolt-action rifles
用什么方法预防肝病？肝病是指发生在肝脏的病变。包括乙肝，甲肝，丙肝，肝硬化，脂肪化，肝癌，酒精肝等等多种肝病。肝炎主要以慢性肝炎为主，按病因学分为慢性病毒性肝炎、自身免疫性肝炎、药物毒性肝炎、遗传性疾病以及其它原因不明的慢性肝炎。用什么方法预防肝病？1、注意饮食卫生不喝生水，也不要生食海鲜，因为蛤、蚝以及贝类等容易受到A型肝炎病毒感染。如果要到A型肝炎高感染区旅游，例如中国大陆、东南亚、中南美、非洲等地，最好在出发前注射A型肝炎疫苗。2、保持正常体重超重可能增加患肝病的几率。体重过重会让肝脏工作更辛苦，罹患脂肪肝的机率也会升高。如果全身脂肪减少，肝脏的脂肪也会减少，甚至明显下降肝病病人升高的肝功能指数。肝病专家表示，如果不是B肝或C肝带原者，一般人肝指数轻度升高，多为脂肪肝引起的。理想减重方式就是均衡饮食加上规律运动。3、不喝酒、不抽烟饮酒会提高发生脂肪肝、酒精性肝病的机会，有肝病的人应该完全戒洒。另外，抽烟和罹患肝癌有关，应该可能地少抽烟以及戒烟。4、节饮食养护肝脏饮食一个重要原则是“均衡”。为求速效减肥，三餐只吃水果，而不吃其它食物，或者是“低糖饮食”──高蛋白、低碳水化合物的饮食组合，不均衡的饮食增加肝脏负担。肝脏负责把吃进的食物，转换成身体能量来源。对肝脏来说，把非碳水化合物转化成能量，比把碳水化合物转化成能量更吃力。以上介绍了用什么方法预防肝病，预防肝病除了多吃新鲜蔬菜、水果，饮食清淡、卫生，忌酒、少辣，低脂，多种维生素饮食外，还应适度运动，保持良好体重，注意休息，尽量少熬夜，不乱用血制品，不要随便纹身、共用针头，做到性伴专一、使用安全套，做好母婴阻断。
是一部中國大陸2010-2011年拍攝的歷史傳奇劇，由中國傳媒大學、青島市廣播電視台、青島三冠影視傳媒有限公司聯合出品。由黃宗澤、胡杏兒、伍衛國、曹俊及張娜拉等內地，香港，韓國當紅實力明星聯袂出演的歷史傳奇劇。於2012年4月11日登陸央視八套首播。該劇是大陸首部反映跑馬場文化的歷史劇，也是黃宗澤進軍內地的首部作品，更是黃宗澤與胡杏兒的內地首次“情侶主角”。更有“父女檔”張娜拉、朱虎聲同台飆戲。播出平台劇情簡介電視劇《跑馬場》以1919年爆發的五四運動為背景，以青島跑馬場為舞台，通過黃宗澤飾演的左天一是一位風流倜儻的皇族，後來成為青島跑馬場的首席騎師，與三位女子胡杏兒飾演的盧壁輝，松野秋子及左小妹的傳奇經歷，再現了1911年到1922年間，中國民主進步力量與當時青島三股勢力爭奪青島主權的激烈鬥爭。《跑馬場》從辛亥革命、刺殺袁世凱一直講到解放青島，是一部青島人民與德日殖民統治的鬥爭史，以左天一與盧壁輝為代表的進步人士。演員陣容記事 2010年10月10日：黃宗澤，胡杏兒奉旨談情《跑馬場》記者會。 2010年11月17日：《跑馬場》熱拍黃宗澤，胡杏兒甜蜜拍拖。 2010年11月19日：《跑馬場》青島熱拍張娜拉父女同臺飆戲。 2011年1月6日：《跑馬場》胡杏兒帶病拍戲顯敬業態度。 2012年4月5日：《跑馬場》將開發布會黃宗澤，胡杏兒情侶京城聚首。 2012年4月6日：《跑馬場》黃宗澤，胡杏兒亮相首播發布會。參考資料 2012年中國電視劇集山东民国时期背景电视剧體育題材電視劇賽馬電視劇
Jaroslava Korol (1954–2009, ), née Kosar () was a Ukrainian painter. Genre – painter, sacred art. Biography Jaroslava Korol was born on June 25, 1954, in Plavie, Skole Raion), Lviv Oblast. She was born in the family of the priest Anton and Maria. After graduation from high school in 1971 with a gold medal, she enrolled at the Department of Art Pottery at Lviv State Institute of Applied and Decorative Art (1972-1977). From 1977 she lived in Lviv and worked as a graphic designer. Since the late of the eighties of the 20th century she started an interesting period of searching creative identities. This is area of religious and historical painting, symbolic and of allegorical compositions. She died after a long illness July 10, 2009, and was buried at the Cemetery of village Malekhiv. Artworks The eternal problem of good and evil, beauty and ugliness, grand and comic, true and evil embodied in works of art Ya.Korol. Direction - symbolic - allegorical subject compositions. Among them: Svyatyy Mykolay (St. Nicholas), cardboard, oil, 60х42 cm, 2009; Schaslyvoyi dorohy (Have a nice trip), oil on canvas, 30х60 cm, 2008; Hratsiyi (Graces), oil on canvas, 50х50 cm, 2007; Spas v sylah (Feast of the Transfiguration in forces), cardboard, oil, 110х50 cm, 2000; Heorhiy Peremozhets (Saint George the Victorious), oil on canvas, 120x90 cm, 2003. The artist at his work is inclined to realize themselves, and up to of philosophizing. This can be seen in such works: Gra v karty (The Card Play), Zamkova shparynka (Keyhole), Chorna maska (The Black Mask), Rankovyy tuman (Morning Mist) (2007). A special place in the work of the artist is the theme of the birth of Christ and Our Lady, characteristic of sacred art it always reflects the spiritual, moral, aesthetic values and society of his time, by giving special status to the cost of holiness. Latitude her of creative interests impressive. She depicts not only religious icons, but also the paintings on historical and literary topics. Yaroslava Korol was among the personalities, who worked on cultural artistic era of art in Lviv in the second half of the 20th century. Her artworks are kept in museums, churches and private collections in Ukraine, Italy, UK, France and Canada. Exhibitions List of solo exhibitions 1992 – "icon on the glass", Item exhibition of students monastery Lviv 1993 – Collective exhibition "Lviv Spring 93", National Museum in Lviv, Lviv Art Gallery, Museum of Ethnography and Crafts IN NAS, Lviv, 1995 – Collective exhibition "Easter" from "The Art of Franko edge" (Lviv literary-memorial museum of Ivan Franko), 1996 – personal exhibition in the Museum "Boykivshchyna", Sambir, 1996 – Art Exhibition "Woman In History" International Fund "Renaissance", 1997 – personal exhibition in Uzhhorod Museum of Folk Architecture and Life, 1997 – personal exhibition in the Museum of Ethnography and Crafts IN NASU, Lviv, 1998 – Collective exhibition "Creative Workshop '98" International Fund "Revival", Lviv Academy of Arts, 2000 – personal exhibition in the Museum of Ethnography and Crafts IN NASU, Lviv, 2000 – Collective Exhibition of art stained glass, paintings, blown glass, ceramics, " Roztochanskyy collection - 2000 ", Starychi, Yavoriv Raion, 2000 – personal exhibition, Literary-Memorial Museum-Apartment Pavlo Tychyna, Kyiv, 2002 – Collective exhibition "In the 21st century - the art of", Lviv, Palace of Arts, 2003 – Collective exhibition "Carpathians: legends of our land," Municipal Arts Centre Alcorcón in Madrid, Spain, 2007 – personal exhibition in the State Memorial Museum of Mikhail Hrushevsky in Lviv. Gallery References External links Проблеми української культури в кінці XX ст./ Складний світ релігійно-філософських образів(subparagraph 26) Відкрито виставку "ЯРОСЛАВА КОРОЛЬ: живопис" КОРОЛЬ Ярослава Антонівна Jaroslava Korol (Kosar) Король Ярослава Антонівна - Енциклопедія Сучасної України Literature "Львівська національна академія мистецтв", ТОВ Видавничий центр "Логос Україна", св. Державного реєстру видавців № 3093 від 29.01.2008 р. Ярослава Король (живопис), Львів, 2009. 20th-century Ukrainian painters 1954 births 2009 deaths
莫恩峰（），是南極洲的山峰，位於帕爾默地，處於梅森灣西南面17公里，由2座山峰組成，海拔高度分別1,275米和1,230米，在1940年12月由美國研究隊發現和拍攝空中照片，現時由南極條約體系管理。參考資料南極洲山峰
右侧卵巢囊肿原因？右侧卵巢囊肿是指女性卵巢的右侧发现囊肿的病症。因为卵巢囊肿有多种性质和不同形态，如一侧性的或者双侧性的、囊性或者实性的、良性或恶性的。其中卵巢囊肿以囊性为多见，其中会有一定的恶性囊肿。右侧卵巢囊肿右侧卵巢囊肿和左侧卵巢囊肿有什么区别，卵巢左右各一，卵巢的大小和形状，也因年龄不同而异。在同一人，左右卵巢并不一致，一般左侧大于右侧。下面我们就来了解一下右侧卵巢囊肿的相关信息。右卵巢囊肿顾名思义是生长在右侧卵巢的囊肿，在单侧生长，判断右卵巢囊肿的危害性需要结合囊肿的性质、大小、位置、年龄以及患者的需求等等，综合分析而定。一般来说，右侧卵巢囊肿只是单侧，一般卵巢囊肿没有超过8cm，患者其他症状还不是很明显的，就可以药物治疗。经过检查还属于生理性卵巢囊肿的话，可以先观察3-6个月，会否发生缩小甚至消退的现象。右侧卵巢囊肿的原因一些女性尽管患上卵巢囊肿，但是因为其比较小且症状不明显而置之不理，甚至仍然保持不良的生活习惯，这样会导致卵巢囊肿增加癌变的几率。但是如果女性为什么会患上右侧卵巢囊肿呢？下面我们一起来看看右侧卵巢囊肿的原因。右侧卵巢囊肿的原因NO.1——食物的污染。卵巢囊肿与女性长期的饮食结构密切相关，如带有激素成分的家禽、蔬菜，以及部分女性滥用诸如丰乳、减肥、减缓衰老等的激素类药物和滋补品，使卵巢囊肿呈高发性、年轻化发展趋势。右侧卵巢囊肿的原因NO.2——生活习惯不好、心理压力过大等因素。长期饮食习惯不好的女性朋友,患有右卵巢囊肿的机会会大大的增加。右侧卵巢囊肿的原因NO.3——内分泌因素。卵巢肿瘤多发生在未产妇或未生育妇，妊娠对卵巢肿瘤似有对抗作用，认为每日排卵所致卵巢表层上皮细胞反复破损与卵巢肿瘤发生有关。
This is a list of career statistics of Ukrainian tennis player Dayana Yastremska since her professional debut in 2015. Yastremska has won three singles titles on WTA Tour. Performance timelines Only main-draw results in WTA Tour, Grand Slam tournaments, Fed Cup/Billie Jean King Cup and Olympic Games are included in win–loss records. Singles Current through the 2023 Prague Open. Doubles Current through the 2023 Wimbledon Championships. Significant finals Premier M & Premier 5 tournaments Doubles: 1 (runner-up) WTA Tour finals Singles: 5 (3 titles, 2 runner-ups) Doubles: 1 (runner-up) WTA 125 finals Singles: 1 (title) ITF finals Singles: 6 (3 titles, 3 runner-ups) Doubles: 3 (3 titles) Junior Grand Slam tournament finals Girls' singles: 1 (runner-up) Girls' doubles: 1 (runner-up) WTA rankings WTA Tour career earnings current as of 23 May 2022 {\|cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 border=1 style=border:#aaa;solid:1px;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center; \|-style=background:#eee;font-weight:bold \|width="90"\|Year \|width="100"\|Grand Slam <br/ >titles\|width="100"\|WTA <br/ >titles \|width="100"\|Total <br/ >titles \|width="120"\|Earnings ($) \|width="100"\|Money list rank \|- \|2015 \|0 \|0 \|0 \| align="right" \|1,012 \|1443 \|- \|2016 \|0 \|0 \|0 \| align="right" \|15,970 \|418 \|- \|2017 \|0 \|0 \|0 \| align="right" \|39,851 \|303 \|- \|2018 \|0 \|1 \|1 \| align="right" \|333,427 \|109 \|- \|2019 \|0 \|2 \|2 \| align="right" \|1,224,080 \|31 \|- \|2020 \|0 \|0 \|0 \| align="right" \|486,190 \|43 \|- \|2021 \|0 \|0 \|0 \|align="right" \|232,605 \|156 \|- \|2022 \|0 \|0 \|0 \|align="right" \|237,788 \|75 \|- \|Career\|0\|3\|3\| align="right" \|2,584,159 \|220 \|} Career Grand Slam statistics Seedings The tournaments won by Yastremska are in boldface', and advanced into finals by Yastremska are in italics''. Best Grand Slam tournament results details Head-to-head records Record against top 10 players Singles She has a 3–11 () record against players who were, at the time the match was played, ranked in the top 10. Doubles Longest winning streaks 8-match win-streak (2018) 8 consecutive matches won by Yastremska in the fall of 2018 is the longest win-streak of her career thus far (Hong Kong and Luxembourg). Notes References External links Yastremska, Dayana
小行星281569（281569 Taea，南瀛天文館小行星），臨時編號2008 UV94，是一顆位於小行星帶的小行星。由鹿林天文台於2008年10月23日發現。以台灣台南市的南瀛天文館(Tainan Astronomical Education Area,TAEA)命名，在2007年以天文推廣教育為目的而設立。。參見小行星列表與鹿林天文台有關的小行星列表參考資料小行星带天体 2008年发现的小行星
背后酸痛是什么症状？相信大部分的人都知道，肺癌患者在早期的时候有一个非常明显的症状，那就是经常性的会出现背部疼痛，肺癌究竟为什么会引起背部疼痛，这中间又有什么原理？这种情况由于腰部肌肉紧张的可能性引起的，是这可能导致腰部疼痛和疼痛以及活动受限。他的情况并不排除腰椎间盘突出症的问题。试着待在床上。在目前的情况之前到医院进行腰椎间盘检查。如果没有腰椎间盘突出症。从中医的角度来看，它被认为是肾衰竭的症状。建议您去医院检查所有人是否有背部疼痛。虽然许多人经常患背痛，但他们并不了解病因。只有当我们积极地了解背部疼痛如何摆脱这个问题时。背痛专家指出，在脊柱的结构的任何异常可引起不同程度的腰背痛要疯了，其中最常见的是椎间盘突出，它可以压缩的神经，引起疼痛。还存在软组织损伤，例如肌肉拉伤，韧带拉伤等，并且大多数这些情况在运动损伤中更常见。除了这些，还有退化性关节炎，强直性脊柱关节炎。脊髓狭窄，腰椎滑脱，脊柱侧弯的情况下，不同的腿，不良姿势等的长度，引起疼痛。背部酸痛和调查后，发现背痛的原因，80%是机械损伤，所以我们可以把背部疼痛的发展分为三个阶段：不良的姿势，在这个阶段就越大部分疼痛是由于姿势不佳引起的。这时，我们的脊柱组织仍然完好且正常，但姿势已偏。因此，一些肌肉群，如松紧带，长时间拉长，最终导致疲劳和疼痛症状。澄清原因后再进行治疗。它也可以用中药，按摩，针灸和理疗来治疗。肌肉群像弹性带一样长时间处于伸长状态，最终会导致疲劳和疼痛症状。最好的解决方案是随时纠正您的姿势并保持良好的姿势，这将迅速消除疼痛。背部疼痛功能障碍功能障碍也是背部疼痛的原因之一，如果长期姿势不好或退行性关节炎，或有损伤史，都会导致软组织损伤。在得知自己腰疼之后，就应该要及时去进行检查这样能够尽快的治疗好腰疼，平时要适当活动筋骨，情况严重的话建议去医院拍x片检查一下。保留自己的性命，也可以早日康复。
The Gamers: Dorkness Rising is a feature-length film produced by Dead Gentlemen Productions, and focuses on a group of table-top role-playing gamers as their gamemaster attempts to shepherd them through a campaign that they've played through three times and have yet to actually finish. While the film is set in the same universe as and has a similar theme to its predecessor, The Gamers, it is not a direct sequel to the first film, as it focuses on a different group of players. Also, unlike its predecessor, this film dedicates a substantial portion of the film to the players themselves, and not their characters. It began filming in 2005 and was set for release in 2006, and was finally released at Gen Con in Indianapolis by Anthem Pictures on August 14, 2008. Paizo had an exclusive sales window for the 2008 Gen Con convention where the cast and crew of The Gamers: Dorkness Rising were signing copies at the Paizo booth. Plot The film opens with a live action scene of three Dungeons & Dragons characters facing the final villain. However, they are quickly killed and after blaming each other, the players (Cass, Leo, and Gary) blame the game master, Lodge, claiming he did not follow the rules and plotted against them. While Leo and Gary wish to play a different game the following week, Cass demands to play the same campaign again, even though they just played it and lost for the second time, to preserve his reputation that there is no game he cannot win. Lodge wishes to publish his campaign as an official Dungeons & Dragons game module, but he is having trouble writing it: he knows how he wants it to end, but his players never actually finish the module. Gary suggests that for the next game they bring in two more players, in order to have a more well-rounded party. Cass is able to recruit his ex-girlfriend Joanna, and quickly reveals why they split: Cass is overbearing and condescending, belittling Joanna's character design strategy (she chose several abilities that normally wouldn't be useful to her character). The group has otherwise acquired an unfavorable reputation, and Lodge is unable to find anyone else, despite asking fifteen regular gamers. The campaign begins when the characters Luster (Gary), Flynn the Fine (Leo), and Daphne (Joanna) are summoned before King Erasmus the Randomly Biased. The evil necromancer Mort Kemnon has discovered an artifact known as the Mask of Death and wishes to use this to overthrow the kingdom. As they go on their way, where Luster kills a random NPC while Daphne attempts to roleplay, they are summoned before the Hierophant of the Grand Illuminated Holy Order of Therin who sends two members of his order to accompany the party, Brother Silence (Cass) and Sir Osric (Lodge) -- the latter of whom the other players (with the exception of Joanna) take an instant dislike to, as Lodge created Osric just to keep the story on track. On their way, the group runs into a large party of goblins. The group (and Cass in particular) are surprised and embarrassed when Joanna's allegedly 'poorly designed' character single-handedly defeats the entire goblin party; Leo's bard is killed three times, however, which becomes a running joke throughout the remainder of the film. Resting at an inn near Westhaven, the group faces and defeats Mort Agrippa. They head out for Westhaven and decide to stop playing for the night. Lodge explains to Joanna the reasons why he keeps the other players on such a short leash: if he does not, they will kill, plunder, and impregnate the fantasy world. The following week, the players continue the campaign by facing Drazuul in the town of Westhaven. Due to his character's weak traits, Leo goes through multiple copies of the character until the players are able to cleverly defeat Drazuul by hiding behind "the mound of dead bards". Torturing Drazuul with holy water, they learn of Mort Kemnon's location. Making their way through an abandoned mineshaft, they find a henchman from the previous campaign and recover their previous party's equipment. The battle goes poorly for the players, until Lodge's cat messes up the floor-tiles and Cass distracts Lodge while they place their characters in preferable positions. After a lengthy battle with Kemnon (with Silence using a lightsaber, shotgun, chainsaw, and dynamite which he claimed to have "found" in the trunk), Kemnon is defeated and cryptically implies there is another enemy. It is revealed to be the Hierophant, who intends to use the Mask to rekindle the Light of Therin. The group then realizes that the "Heart of Therin", the church's most sacred relic, is actually a prison housing the deity. During a battle with the Hierophant, Leo finally proves to be of use as he awakens Therin from her prison, allowing Daphne to release her (though Osric is killed in the encounter). Afterwards, Daphne is offered an unlimited wish by Therin. After the other players recommend she wishes herself immortal, she uses it to resurrect Osric, much to the extreme disapproval of Cass, who insults her and storms out. The other three continue playing, and Therin provides rewards for each: Flynn becomes a herald, Luster is stripped of her powers and becomes a cleric, and Osric becomes Lord High Marshal of the Paladins. The campaign ends, and with positive comments from Gary and Leo, Lodge is inspired enough to write his module and has it published. Sometime later, Cass apologizes for his behavior and the group begins another adventure. Lodge wants to send his group through the adventure module that another group was playing in the first Gamers film, but upon mentioning 'The Shadow', Mark—the lone survivor of that campaign—screams in fear and runs from the gaming store. As the new campaign begins with the Mask of Death having been stolen, the film ends showing the henchman still alone in the mine. Characters Nathan Rice as Kevin Lodge/Sir Osric the Chaste — The Game Master and leader of the quest. Lodge believes in story over rules, and is often at odds with the player Cass. Rice previously appeared as a different character in the first Gamers film. Carol Roscoe as Joanna Harcourt/Daphne — The new player who cares more about the story than levels. She is portrayed as the token female player and is at first not taken seriously by the other gamers. She plays a fighter. Brian S. Lewis as Sean "Cass" Cassidy/Brother Silence — Joanna's ex and an arrogant obsessed gamer who plays a monk. He plays with a by-the-rules attitude (rules lawyer) and prefers a hack and slash style of gameplay. Christian Doyle/Jennifer Page as Gary Wombaugh/Luster — A male who plays a powerful female sorceress who destroys NPCs (especially peasants). Jennifer Page plays the female Luster, as well as Gary's math professor whom he based his character on. Scott C. Brown as Leo "DaVinci" Lamb/Flynn the Fine — A womanizing bard who is the only character to die in combat. Leo is the owner of the game store where the players meet. Emily Olson as Therin, Goddess of Light — The good deity that the players serve. Olson played the foulmouthed "princess" in the first Gamers movie. Don Early as Mort Agrippa — The first villain, governor of the village where the party tries to rest for the night. Geoff Gibbs as Mort Kemnon — The primary villain, a necromancer who discovered the Mask of Death and planned to overthrow the king. Ed Gibbs as Hierophant — The final villain, a high-ranking cleric who wishes to use the mask to rekindle the Light of Therin. Tallis Moore as Drazuul — A death demon who rules the Village of Westhaven. He is tortured to death by Luster. Chris Duppenthaler as Mark — The surviving player from The Gamers. He makes brief cameo appearances alluding to his trauma following the events of the previous film. Style Unlike the original movie The Gamers, multiple games companies were involved in the production process for Dorkness Rising, enabling real game products to be used in the film. While the game being played in the first film was anonymous, in this film it is clearly stated that the group are playing Dungeons & Dragons (specifically the 3rd edition, though there is significant artistic license taken, e.g. with the characters' feats, spells and class abilities); and the adventure they are playing, The Mask Of Death, is a real adventure module published as a limited edition by Goodman Games (at the end of the movie, Lodge is seen writing up the adventure for publication). Quotes are included from Knights of the Dinner Table, and the character Nodwick has a cameo role. At one point the GM and female player together play a board game featuring ninjas delivering take-away pizza; it is assumed that this is an homage to Ninja Burger, which is (among other things) a card game by Steve Jackson Games which involves ninja delivering hamburgers and other fast food items. Notably, the Munchkin card game (also by SJG) appears directly in the film. In fact, the characters' inventory list includes quite a few Munchkin items, when they get back their old equipment. There are several references (both subtle and not) to the original Gamers movie throughout. The most prominent of these is the inclusion of the character Mark from the original film (who makes a veiled reference to "the incident", and notes that people often forget he is there), and mention of the character "The Shadow". In addition, the lines "I shall smite thee with my mighty blade" as well as "And now begins the killing" come from the first film. When Lodge mentions his new villain is "The Shadow", the theme music from the first film is heard, and the characters say "The Shadow," in the same manner as in the first film. The final person to say "The Shadow" is Mark, appearing from behind a shelf in the store, immediately becoming extremely frightened and running away. Much like the first film, Dorkness Rising makes reference to many quirks and conventions in roleplaying games and table-top gaming in general, including: Interplayer relationships: Several references are made to stereotypical occurrences within the group. For example, Cass often argues with Lodge regarding Rules vs. Story. There are also several instances of player versus player conflict when deciding a course of action. One example of this is when the characters encounter random NPCs: while Daphne and Osric would rather talk to them or help suffering NPCs, the rest of the players opt to kill them. Critical Failures: In the first film, a critical plot point occurs when a player rolls a Natural 20, which calls for an automatic success. In Dorkness Rising, two comedic occasions are based around players rolling a Natural 1, in which the character automatically fails an action. Cass tries to roll a 20 to save himself from the Death Demon and instead rolls a one, causing his character to be completely compelled to serve the demon (to the point that the DM directly controls him). When Flynn tries to back-stab Mort Kemnon's grimoire, he rolls a one and instead stabs himself. In both cases, the actions that failed were not required to be rolled by the game leader. However, the players demanded to roll to get unlikely good results, resulting in fatal mistakes. Player- vs. Character-Knowledge: Since Cass, Gary and Leo have played the campaign twice already, they know exactly what to do and where to go, but their new characters can't have this information. Another time they find Nodwick, the henchman of their old group, and instantly recognize him, although their new characters meet him for the first time. Male players playing female characters: Gary plays a scantily clad female character, Luster, whom he often forgets is female. This results in the actress portraying Luster to be replaced by Gary in a blonde wig, only to "pop back" to the actress when Gary is reminded of his character's gender. Weak/Redshirt characters: Leo plays a bard, a stereotypically 'weak' character class who is unable to effectively participate in any combat, as he is invariably killed by the first attack to hit him. This reaches a head when he begins to deliberately kamikaze himself to create a wall of bodies as a tactical obstacle. However, his character helps defeat the final villain at the end of the quest. Min-maxing: The other players view Joanna's character as weak as she does not have a strength or constitution bonus and chose questionable feats. However, Joanna proves them wrong when she almost singlehandedly wipes out a large party of goblins. NPCs and the Paladin's uncompromising code of honour: Lodge sends a paladin along with the group of player characters in order to fill in the spot of the fifth player. Many of the PCs' schemes thus revolve around distracting him or otherwise working around his presence. When they try to torture a demon to learn the location of the main villain, Sir Osric goes to examine the "fine, yet rustic architecture" as he is unable to stand by while torture takes place. Street Fighter: When coercing an enemy via torture, Luster strikes the bound man, announcing 'Hadoken!' while actually performing a 'Shoryuken'. Final Fantasy: During the first fight, against the goblins, the music that plays is reminiscent of the battle themes of the Final Fantasy series, as well as including the iconic 'victory fanfare'. Nod to Gary Gygax: During the scene at the beginning where they are about to enter Mort Kemnon's lair (and again near the conclusion), one of them reaches to open up a door. Another stops him and points to a plaque. On the plaque is, written in a fantasy style script, "LONGLIVE GYGAX". This is a reference to the creator of D&D, Gary Gygax, who died the year this film was released. In addition, professional game designers Monte Cook and Ed Stark have cameos as Bill the cleric and the farmer who Luster kills, respectively. Turn-Based Combat Systems: In the encounter with the goblins, the characters all stand around in 'ready' poses until it is their turn to attack. Sequel In Summer of 2012, Dead Gentlemen Productions and Zombie Orpheus Entertainment held a Kickstarter for a third Gamers film, The Gamers: Hands of Fate, which is set partially at GenCon and features the same characters as Dorkness Rising. The film's premiere was at GenCon 2013. References Sources External links Official site An interview with Matt Vancil and Don Early 2000s American films 2000s English-language films 2008 films 2008 independent films American adventure comedy films American fantasy comedy films American independent films Films based on role-playing games Works about fandom
皮羅希夫卡（）是位於烏克蘭西部的村莊，由赫梅利尼茨基州裡赫梅利尼茨基區的負責管轄。該村始建於1749年，面積2.24平方公里，海拔高度259米，2001年人口706，人口密度每平方公里315.5人。參考資料 Погода в селі Пирогівка 赫梅利尼茨基州村落赫梅利尼茨基區村落
Vitthal Prasad Sharma (20 June 1920 – 12 June 1982) was an Indian politician and elected 2 times as the Member of Legislative Assembly in 1967 and 1977 in Mohanlal Sukhadiya Government and in Bhairon Singh Shekhawat government respectively. He was considered as a very influential and respected personality in the Rajasthan politics. Early life Vitthal Prasad Sharma was born in Manohar Thana town of Jhalawar district of Rajasthan in the family of priests. His father's name was Bhanwar Lal Sharma. He had an elder brother Ballabh Prasad Sharma. His early life was full of struggles, as he was born in a poor family and started to work as a private bus conductor and later served in Indian Railways. Later he had a cloth center in Aklera and he was a road contractor also. He was married to Shakuntala and he has 4 daughters and a son. Political career Right from his childhood he was interested in politics and was a freedom fighter. He was first elected as a "pradhan" in 1960 and 1965. His turning point in political life was in 1967 when he was elected as an MLA in the assembly elections. And again was elected in 1977. He died on 12 June 1982 due to a heart stroke. At that time he was at the peak of his career. References External links http://eci.nic.in/archive/Nov2003/pollupd/ac/states/s20/Partycomp117.htm http://www.mapsofindia.com/assemblypolls/rajasthan/manohar-thana.html. Rajasthani politicians Janata Party politicians 1920 births People from Jhalawar district 1982 deaths
Louise Aurora Getsinger (1 November 1871 – 2 May 1916), known as Lua, was one of the first Western members of the Baháʼí Faith, recognized as joining the religion on May 21, 1897, just two years after Thornton Chase. Born into the rural countryside of western New York state and initially with a heterodox understanding of the teachings of the religion, by her fervor she corrected many understandings and grew to become a prominent disciple of Abdu'l-Bahá with an international reputation, being named “Herald of the Covenant” and "Mother of the believers" by Abdu'l-Bahá, head of the religion 1892-1921, and “mother teacher of the American Bahá‘í Community, herald of the dawn of the Day of the Covenant" by Shoghi Effendi in 1942, head of the religion 1921–1957. Nevertheless, she faced trials of reputation among the Bahá'ís in America during a period of time when rumors were spread if a woman traveled with a man other than her husband which she did as she took part in promotional tours across multiple regions of America, into Canada and Mexico, and it became such that her husband grew doubtful, their relationship changed, and he sought a divorce. She was defended by the leadership of the religion and her reputation expanded after her sudden death in Egypt. A number of later leaders of the religion were directly affected by her, including members of the high office of the religion, the Hands of the Cause, Louis George Gregory, and John Henry Hyde Dunn, as well as May Maxwell, another prominent woman of the religion and mother of another Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum, who had her own direct effect on Agnes Alexander, William Sutherland Maxwell, and Mason Remey and thus had an effect on the promulgation of the religion in America, (including across the color line,) England, France, Canada, India, Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina, in addition to her own direct contact with many thousands of people all before the completion of the first World War. Biography Early life Lua was the sixth of 10 children born to Ellen McBride and her husband Reuben D. Moore in Hume, New York, a rural small town located in western New York State's Allegany County, about 90 kilometers south of Lake Ontario. Reuben(Reuden) D. Moore (Nov 1, 1818 in Wales, NY - August 19, 1898, Hume, NY) was the son of Welcome Moore who died 1831. Reuben married Ellen, daughter of Scott Andrew McBride and Hannah E. Brown, in 1860; and both Reuben's parents - Lua's paternal grandparents - had already died by then. Reuben was born in Erie County and most of Lua's siblings were born in Wyoming County. The Moore-McBride family had been living in nearby Java as farmers. In 1872 the family moved to Mills Mills Rd north east of Hume in Allegany County just south of Wyoming County off of the Genesee River, and bought a farm of 150 acres in 1873. The town had been organized in 1822. Siblings Alta and Alice were twins. The Moore family had attended the Baptist Church since 1844 though his mother had been a Quaker. Pastors of the First Baptist Church of Hume as Lua was growing up included: Horton, Langmade, Reed, Bogart, and Robinson. Moore was a fairly well off farmer with a herd of over 3000 sheep at least once. Daughter Donna F. married Howard Blakely of Harriman, Tennessee. The region was known as the Burned-over district which had had religious revivals and later gained a reputation of burning out the people's capacity for religious excitement. There is a story of mother Ellen with a reputation of asking questions in the Church that were the object of a visit of the pastor talking to Reuben to try to get her to stop bringing up such questions. There was and is a Seventh Day Baptists church in her home town area. Years later Lua described an experience of her youth to her friend May Bolles Maxwell of being baptized - dunked in water in a ritual - and expecting to see or feel a direct gift of the spirit from a new church in town and being disappointed.Kindle:656 Schools were founded across the county by 1825. Granger township to the east had one by 1819. Hume township had 14 oneroom elementary schools by 1869, but it wasn’t until 1894 that school attendance was mandated for children 7 to 14 yrs old. Sixth grade was the usual last grade of students in the county that did go until circa 1900 when higher grades were added. Parental permission was needed to attend high school by law before 1900 and it wasn’t until 1916 that lacking attendance was fined. The first high school wasn't founded in the township until circa 1901-2. Lua would probably have finished her schooling at least by about 1882, if she had gone to school and continued through sixth grade, around age 10-11. Family oral history has Lua going to Chicago in the later 1880s. In the February 1892 New York State Census Lua is not listed living at the farm - and two other sisters known to have married, to Howard Blakeley, and to Dr. A. B. Harding, are also absent. Indeed Lua with her sisters has been identified in a newspaper clipping from July 1892 placing her arriving from Flint, Michigan, back to visit. Family oral history also had Lua attending the World Parliament of Religions of 1893 in Chicago during the World Columbian Exposition and, it is believed, would have heard of Bahá’u'lláh. William at least was there from 1895 and both were known to be there from knowledge of people in Allegany County before 1896. Lua chose dramatic arts training in Chicago rather than New York for intuitional reasons. Her brother William went there to study homeopathic medicine.Kindle:972 Chicago and encountering the Bahá‘í Faith William was studying with Chester Ida Thacher, who then lived in the La Grange neighborhood of Chicago in 1897–1898 and Lua may have done housekeeping for Thacher. Thacher and Lua were listed as members of the Oriental Order of the Magi. Thacher had been active in Christian Science, and Thacher or others may have introduced the Bahá‘í Faith to Lua; however it came about, she joined a class on the religion led by Ibrahim Kheiralla, who had taught Thornton Chase, recognized as the first Bahá'í of the West. Lua had a dream October 17, 1896, which she felt important enough to record: "I dreamed I was in an old one story wooden house--whose roof was somewhat sunken in and broken--My Father and Mother seemed to live in this house only I did not see them--and I was there to do the work--which ever seemed behind hand. I thought it was afternoon and I had not yet made the beds--which I set myself to do--and by the bed--which I thought my Father occupied I found a lamp burning very low--which I extinguished and on going about the room I found other lights burning- which I blew out also! Presently an old man came in who looked very much like Mr. Guile, and said The King is here!" She received the end "lesson" of the class, learning the name of the founder of the Bahá‘í Faith on May 21, 1897, before actually finishing the regular course of classes Kheiralla offered. However in the eyes of Edward Getsinger, when he met them in early 1895, Lua and Thacher already were self-identifying as Bahá'ís or what they would later call "Bahá'í", as others may well have as well. Attendees of these classes at the time were called 'truthseekers'. Edward was not into religion but accepted an invitation from Thacher to come out to his farm and Lua was there too.Kindle:1048 While there Edward was working on a presentation he was going to make when he had a series of three mystical visions.Kindle:1089-1124 He then developed a strong enthusias for religion which he now shared with Lua. We know little of their courtship and family meetings otherwise; we do know that Lua married Edward C. Getsinger May 26, 1897. Lua's brother William finished the religion class June 18. However Edward later publicly cited a marriage certificate as of May 1896 to Ida Moore in Chicago though perhaps this was garbled in the newspaper reporting. Lua returned to Hume to enthusiastically tell her family about the new religion. Local newspapers noted Lula in town July 6, 1897, accompanied by an unknown lady friend, and William returned as well on July 9. It is known her mother and four of her siblings joined the religion quickly. In particular her mother Ellen asked an unidentified 'truthseeker' to transcribe 16 pages of its writings. At least one sister of Lua, Ruby "Hebe" Moore, was there when Lua returned who went on to her own pilgrimage later, and variously lived in Washington DC, Baltimore, Worcester, Massachusetts, and finally Fryeburg, Maine, as an active member of the religion. After being joined by Edward they left Hume August 31, 1897, on their way to Ithaca, where Lua organized a study class. Edward himself also took a class in New York and finished it back on October 26, 1897. Six people graduated from Lua's when visited by Kheiralla in January 1898. More people passed it by February 3, 1898. Among those that passed the class was Edward Struven who then introduced the religion to his brother Howard who then went on to found a community in Baltimore along with others who had found the religion other ways and numbered 50 people by 1901. Lua also wrote of being lonesome with Edward away but filled with purpose from the new religion and excited to hear of the advancing work of the community in Chicago. Around this time her brother Orson was in the West Virginia infantry and William served in the medical corps at Fort Sheridan during the Spanish–American War in 1898. First Pilgrimages The first During their return to Hume the Getsingers had already spoken of moving to California. Edward had another mystical experience while reading a newspaper story about Phoebe Hearst, determined she had homes in a few cities that he tried to reach out to with letters before determining she had to be at her California homeKindle:1089-1124 and left in January 1898 for California to try to reach her. It is believed the newspaper coverage about Hearst being active in a national movement to develop colleges was the one he read.Kindle:1142-1162 He had been in San Francisco in February, and was visible again in later July. Hearst family accounts credit Edward seeing her and her not paying attention to other guests at a receptionKindle: 1488 at her home, the Hacienda, at Pleasanton, California. Edward’s own account says the first meetings were not about discussing the religion until Lua came.Kindle:1501 She arrived by June.Kindle:1533 Lua in particular was successful igniting Hearst's interest in the new religion and as well as that of her butler, African-American Robert Turner, who overheard the conversations. Phoebe's response was enthusiastic and she arranged for Lua to being a class which started at the Hacienda and then moved to an apartment of hers in downtown San Francisco.Kindle:1566 Meanwhile a guest friend of Hearsts' at the Hacienda died July 31.Kindle:1622 This along with other stresses caused her to decide to go on a trip to Paris, Egypt and up to Istanbul by the end of August.Kindle:1639 She agreed to add stopping at what was then Ottoman Palestine to see Abdu'l-Bahá, and together they formed a party to go - with Hearst's butler Robert Turner, and some friends Ella Goodall Cooper and Helen S. Goodall and then adding Kheiralla and his wife. Turner would soon be the first African-American Baháʼí. Lua's father Reuben died August 19, though it remains unclear if Lua learned of this and stopped for the funeral and see the family or if her travels left the messages behind by this point. Hearst’s train to New York left September 10 and arrived in New York September 15 following which she and some of the group spent a few days in DC.Kindle:1690 The Getsingers or at least Edward arrived in New York from San Francisco by September 18. The Getsingers gained a passport the next day, and the group left on September 22.Kindle:1724 The group arrived in Paris in early OctoberKindle:1784 after leaving the boat September 29.Kindle:1811 Hearst stopped in Belgium for a commitment. Lua had kept a journal given to her by Helen Goodall on September 13 and the group arrived in Paris on the 29th. They visited sites in Paris.Kindle:2067 Lua sent a letter, possibly to Thornton Chase, from Paris September 30. More people joined the party to Haifa including May Bolles, (as she was known at the time,) the future mother of Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum. Robert Stockman comments that Lua's "depth of her sincerity was infectious." When they arrived in Paris Hearst was concerned over the health of Bolles and asked Edward to look at her - after examination Edward suggested Lua would be a better treatment for her than anything he could do.Kindle:1671 Lua’s first words to May were "There is a Prisoner in ‘Akká who holds the key to Peace” and that was enough for May - “I believe, I believe” she said and fainted.Kindle:1696 Lua's effect on Bolles in particular has been seen later as of the kind of healing done of past saints. Laura Barney, best known for later compiling the Baháʼí text Some Answered Questions from her interviews with Abdu'l-Bahá, met Lua in Paris though she converted through contact with Bolles later.Kindle:2216 Lua was pictured in a detailed dress with lace and sleeves Expensive items were bought in Paris for Abdu'l-Bahá but later sold and the proceeds distributed to the poor. The group then sent a petition to Abdu'l-Bahá to approach for Baháʼí pilgrimage October 10, written by Lua and carried by Kheiralla who arrived November 11 after a stay in Egypt and meeting with his family there.Kindle:490,507,2602,2619 They were advised to arrive in small groups, ultimately three groups arrived, over several weeks because of restricted living conditions.Kindle:1786 The Getsingers left right after celebrating Thanksgiving, and went from France to Italy and left via Naples on ,Kindle:2179 which made weekly trips to Alexandria, Egypt. so arriving probably December 2. They transferred to December 6, and then went on to Haifa December 8, the first western believers to arrive on pilgrimage and see Abdu'l-Bahá. Haifa was then a town of some ten thousand with separated Moslem, Christian, and a small Jewish community and had been rebuilt in the 18th century by the Ottomans who shifted governance of the area from ‘Akká to Haifa after the silting up of ‘Akká's harbor in the increasing demands of larger ships.Kindle:454,525,541-559 They were welcomed at the port by eastern Baháʼís, were brought to a coffee house where they were greeted by Abdu'l-Bahá's uncle Muhammad-Quli,Kindle:454,471 stayed at a hotel near the German Colony which was then outside of the walls of Haifa,Kindle:559-577 and didn’t sleep the first night. Another day passed on Friday and they had dinner with a son-in-law of Muhammad-Quli who conveyed the final invitation to visit Abdu'l-Bahá the next morning - still they did not sleep well.Kindle:602 Finally they were invited to the house, put on clothes especially bought for the occasion,Kindle:2628 and then into the room where Abdu'l-Bahá was. Lua recorded: After being directed for all to sit together for a bit, he then sent Lua to the chambers of his sister, Bahíyyih Khánum; still she couldn’t sleep that night until morning. Later the next day she visited the Ridván Garden in ‘Akká: "…we were permitted to enter this also, to go into the room which He always occupied,[ed - Baháʼu'lláh] kneel before the chair upon which He sat, and to kiss the place upon which the soles of His feet rested!“ Then the group went on to the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh led by Abdu'l-Bahá and she was given flowers by Abdu'l-Bahá for the American Baháʼís, was given a lesson in spiritualizing actions by being served by Abdu'l-Bahá instead of them serving him, when they returned she had her first long sleep since arriving, and then the group returned to Haifa. Lua and her husband were the first North American Baháʼís to go on Baháʼí pilgrimage. This visit began December 10, 1898, at the House of `Abdu'lláh Páshá. Edward took many pictures in the area.Kindle:615-648,3076, 3083, 3101, 3187,4217 The Getsingers did not stay in ‘Akká at the time - Abdu'l-Bahá arranged for them to stay in Haifa that he would use going forward for other occasions.Kindle:2756 Bolles arrivedKindle:2791 with Hearst's group mid-February, 1899, incognito and in the dark to protect her reputation and her son’s, but enough awareness of visitors to see Abdu'l-Bahá who was then a prisoner had been achieved that limitations were increased later. The Hearst group staying at the house with the Getsingers with Lua acting has host along with some of Abdu'l-Bahá's daughters before going to see himKindle:2791 only stayed a few days, and then returned to Cairo.Kindle:2756 A picture of the first two groups together was taken, as well as another with some of the third group.Kindle:1860 Ella Cooper witnessed and wrote of a meeting of the then young Shoghi Effendi, later head of the religion, and Abdu'l-Bahá in March.Kindle:2837 Kheiralla brought letters from other early Baháʼís - replies arrived back in America in February including to James and Isabella Brittingham, Howard and Mary MacNutt, Arthur Dodge, Eliza Talbot, and Thornton Chase. The translator might have been Anton Haddad who had stayed back in America. Many of these people became noted among Baháʼís as Disciples of Abdu'l-Bahá. The available places of pilgrimage at the time were the Shrine of Bahá‘u'lláh at Bahji, the Ridvan Garden, the houses of Abbud and Pasha and the location of the future Shrine of the Báb.Kindle:3063 They met Aqa Abdu’l-Qasim who was the gardener there and he told stories of Bahá’u'lláh.Kindle:3125 They did not go the House of Abbud and only some went to the location of the future Shrine of the Báb.Kindle:3089 When visiting the Shrine of Bahá’u'lláh they were permitted into the chamber where his remains were buried.Kindle:3201 This was a signal honor though they were not told of it before hand - normally pilgrims remained outside the room itself.Kindle:3228,3278 The visit would have been difficult because present divisions between Abdu'l-Bahá and his half brother were such that they would call out mockingly to visitors.Kindle:3201 On the day May Bolles went over 100 eastern Bahá’ís were gathered around outside and a girl sang the song The Holy City and then Nearer, My God, to Thee, with Bahá'ís around the inner garden inside the shrine.Kindle:3244-3260 Biographer Velda Piff Metelmann makes this observation of the effect of the pilgrimage on Lua: "It transformed Lua Getsinger from a relatively care-free young woman, though loyal to her faith, into a passionate follower of Abdu'l-Bahá. He gave her a Persian name, 'Liva' which means 'Banner' in English, and Lua believed that He gave her, as well, a special mission to teach the Faith and granted her extraordinary powers to do so. From this period onward she devoted her life and energy to that end.” A tablet, taken as scripture by Baháʼís, was given to her from Abdu'l-Bahá January 18, 1899, but English translators were limited. She began to study Persian and began a friendship with the daughters of Abdu'l-Bahá, and to also teach them English. Lua wrote to Thornton Chase February 15, 1899: Lua also communicates that it became apparent that Kheiralla’s teachings differed both in tone and extent from those of Abdu'l-Bahá. That's also when the flowers arrived and Lua commented she was learning Persian. Letters from Persia and the West were translated, read, and sent on to the Bahá'ís from the other side.Kindle:3212,5927 Robert Turner was pointedly treated like a guest and not a servant even when other pilgrims thought he should, though they were not directly criticized and instead came to understand their error tearfully.Kindle:3739-3770 Unbeknown to the western Bahá’ís was the arrival of the remains of the Bab during their pilgrimage, during January or February and at least for a time held in the chambers of Bahiyyih Khanum, and the laying of the cornerstone by Abdul-Baha with Kheiralla, called the founder of the American Bahá’í community.Kindle:3788-3820 They did see the portraits, pictures and paintings, of the Báb and Bahá’u'lláh which were kept by Bahiyyih Khanum.Kindle:4141 The eastern Bahá’ís had been fasting but the western Bahá’ís were not asked to begin fasting and no records among thems noted the practice even through Lua was given the privilege of staying in the household of Abdu’l-Bahá.Kindle:4080 Khieralla had argued Bahá’í doctrine and authority of understanding with Edward and with Hand of the Cause Haji Mirza Muhammad Taqiy-i-Abhari and both times Abdu'l-Bahá intervened to keep the peace and stop further arguments;Kindle:4884-4901 still Kheiralla had reached out to Abdu’l-Baha’s unfaithful half brother.Kindle:4937 In mid-February Lua wrote to Chase "…simply taking the lessons and receiving the ‘Greatest Name’ does not mean that we are confirmed. We must work for that great blessing, and without work we shall never receive it And oh, it is worth all the effort we can make!".Kindle:5011 In mid-March Ottoman officials directed that pilgrims not be allowed to see Abdu'l-Bahá though local officials equivocated.Kindle:3879-1896 Still Abdu'l-Bahá asked the Getsingers and two other pilgrims to tarry in Egypt for further instruction.Kindle:4223 This turned out to be their first lessons from Mírzá Abu'l-Faḍl and continued into April along with some other trips amidst the growing heat.Kindle:4335 Lua began studying Persian for 2 weeks learning easy words and memorized one prayer. Circa March co-pilgrim Ella Goodall passed on in letters back to American Baháʼís that Kheiralla’s book needed revision or may indeed not be published. Kheiralla left ‘Akká March 21 and arrived in New York May 1. Inbetween he had stopped in Paris and attempted to cash a check of Hearstsʼ to himself instead of the intended recipient which did not succeed.Kindle:4408 During the voyage Goodall sent another letter saying the book won’t be published any time soon. In Robert Stockman's review of early Baháʼí history in America the “most startling” discovery of the group was that Abdu'l-Bahá contradicted Kheiralla’s views on reincarnation but the stance of the religion on the idea was still not fully understood: Edward now understood that rather than his own soul being a reincarnation there were guardian angels who could “become as one in thought and volition” with the believer and in particular his own such angel was the Apostle John just as Kheiralla's was the Apostle Peter - this was a misunderstanding which became clarified in time. Circa April on returning to ‘Akká Lua cried tears of happiness during a late morning Tea given by Abdu'l-Bahá. He kept alluding from a material example to a deed to be carried out in a certain spirit. He gave her honey dipped bread and asked her to speak with 'words of honey' and washed her face after the meal and urged her to 'wash faces with love'. Lua writes "and there He lifted up His voice in supplication for me,…. My work, my words, my deeds must tell in the future whether or not He prayed for me in vain!… You must say to all the Believers in America that I love them and pray for them, and in turn I desire that they love and pray for each other,--ever seeking to be united together, living in harmony and concord,--for where division is--God is not." In the States When the Getsingers returned to the States in May they brought some lessons in spiritualizing action, refinements in greater understanding of the teachings of the religion, and a number of gifts for the Baháʼís. These gifts were: the photograph taken of a young Abdu'l-Bahá, a calligraphic design of the Greatest Name, an Arabic copy of the Kitab-i-Aqdas, and a wax cylinder recording of Abdu'l-Bahá chanting which exists to this day. There were also recordings of Bahíyyih Khánum and pilgrims "singing newly composed American Baháʼí humns" all of which have since been lost, and some copies of prayers, communes and selections from the scripture of the religion.Kindle:4973 New York Baháʼí Howard MacNutt began making copies of the picture and Anton Haddad began work translating the Aqdas. The Getsinger's spiritualized actions as taught by Abdu'l-Bahá in the form of their positive engagement in the face of the negative rumors Kheiralla had spread about them, "surprised and pleased" the New York Baháʼís, in the words of Stockman. Hearst withdrew her offer to fund the Kheiralla book. June 2 the Getsingers traveled back to Ithaca and the Moore family farm.Kindle:5011 They stayed at a DC home of Hearst perhaps around June–July.Kindle:5050-5066 Then the Getsingers settled in Detroit though with their traveling no Baháʼí community began there until after all these events. Lua began to exchange frequent letters with Abdu'l-Bahá’s daughters and to travel for the interests of the religion. The Getsingers were part of gathering for the American Independence Day picnic in La Grange, Illinois, at which some 300 or more Baháʼís came. They also planned to come again in August to give talks about their pilgrimage experience but Kheiralla raised negative comments about them again which lead to objections to their visit, though it did eventually proceed. Again the Getsingers attempted to remain positive in their engagement and not speak ill of Kheiralla. In a letter August 18, 1899, from Detroit Lua writes of praying for Kheiralla, advising the reader to not challenge words back and forth but seek guidance from 1 Corinthians 3 instead. Other correspondence included on the subject of the question of Baháʼu'lláh's multiple wives which was a settled topic to Lua's understanding. In the coming months however rumors of antagonism between Edward and Kheiralla intensified and MacNutt found himself having to respond as he was referenced in some of the rumors. James Home, Hearst's business agent and aide, negotiated between them to keep her out of the newspapers and exchanges between them. He saw the issue as a personality clash between Kheiralla and Edward. Kheiralla had brought back a copy of the Hidden Words which was acquired by the community and translated and published through Haddad in March 1900.Kindle:5513 Soon Kheiralla began making a claim about him being a "chief" of western Baháʼís; Anton Haddad went to ‘Akká and returned with another tablet denying any administrative existence of a "chief" and instead underscored qualities like humility and service to be the spiritual motivation for promoters of the religion rather than wishes to become leaders. Haddad’s compilation of covenant materials for the American community circulated from 1900Kindle:5333 and Haddad recalled Abdu'l-Baha repeated Bahá’u’lláh’s words many times: "My captivity cannot harm Me. That which can harm Me is the conduct of those who love Me, who claim to be related to Me, and yet perpetuate what causeth My heart and My pen to groan."Kindle:5475 The Getsingers visited Chicago with Haddad February 11, 1900, to update the Chicago Baháʼís about Abdu'l-Baha’s statements about “no Chiefs” and that an elected “House of Justice” was needed. About 6-700 attended the meeting including Kheiralla but he did not speak when offered a chance. Edward embraced Kheiralla as a public attempt at reconciliation. A 10 member board was elected in Chicago which did not include Kheiralla nor any person known to favor him and this counsel sent a letter to Abdu'l-Bahá in support of and loyalty to him. Haddad and the Getsingers then went to Kenosha February 16, 1900 and mentioned Kheiralla’s doubts about Abdu'l-Bahá’s station. A letter of Lua's of February 23, 1900, from Detroit to Cincinnati quoted a tablet to her about speaking her words at every opportunity and planning a future visit. Indeed Haddad then went to Ithaca and Baltimore while Lua visited Cincinnati March 25 repeating the message about "no chiefs". The Baháʼís generally evinced no hostility to Kheiralla save perhaps for Edward. In middle spring 1900, Abdu'l-Bahá's representative Abdu'l-Karím-i-Tihrání arrived to try to settle the matter of leadership. Karím and Kheiralla negotiated in MacNutt’s home for two weeks. On May 8 a public meeting was held in New York with some 200 Baháʼís including the Getsingers who had not been invited. Kheiralla endorsed Abdu'l-Bahá as head of the religion and Edward praised and embraced Kheiralla though Kheiralla did not return the compliments. However Karím sent out a circular letter announcing Kheiralla’s recanting, in Karím's words, and Haddad believed this broke the accord reached between Karím and Kheiralla. The Getsingers were mentioned among the Baháʼís in newspaper coverage of the Karím challenge against Kheiralla. Other meetings were attempted to heal the breach including Karím and translators coming to Chicago, on money raised by Baháʼís in New York organized by Thornton Chase, but Kheiralla never attended the meetings and accusations began to multiply instead. Finally Karím left August 5, 1900, without a resolution. In October Marion Kheiralla, his now former 4th wife, was sent by Abdu’l-Baha=á back to America with Assadu’llah to aid in advancing the understanding of the Bahá'ís.Kindle:5549 By that summer Lua's sister Ruby/Hebe was working as a servant in another Hume residence. Meanwhile Marion Jack encountered the religion in Paris in 1900 through BollesKindle:2216 and heard of the name Lua. Later she did one or two paintings of Lua that are still in the US National Archives. The second The second pilgrimage for the Getsingers came in the fall of 1900 leaving a couple weeks after Karím, and with the Dodge and Hoar families. The Getsingers gained a passport in August, and traveled through Paris in September during which time there was much discussion about reincarnation. They recalled Abdu'l-Bahá calling Kheiralla “Baha’s Peter” and extrapolated that Karím was the return of the prophet Job, Edward was the Apostle John and Lua was Mary Magdalene. Speculation began that May Bolles was somehow the reincarnation of Joan of Arc. Kheiralla was “working out his karma” for having rejected Jesus three times. Juliet Thompson joined the religion in Paris in 1901 as well. Later in 1901 Abdu'l-Bahá sent Mírzá Abu'l-Faḍl to correct the understandings in Paris. From Paris the families made their way towards Palestine. The Dodges were quarantined in Beirut and arrived in Haifa September 25. The Getsingers arrived in Haifa still in September. Hoar's notes of the pilgrimage mentions that they had breakfast with Abdu'l-Bahá almost every morning and then there would be an hour long lesson with translators usually on the Baháʼí interpretation of the Bible or on the nature of spiritual growth and the nature of the soul again often using the Bible for commentary. The Hoars and Dodges stayed about two weeks and then left October 9 and visited Baháʼís in Paris on the way home. Sometime after they left the Getsingers moved their study with Mírzá Abu'l-Faḍl to Port Said, Egypt, until March 1 and then they returned to Haifa again. Lua later reported that Abdu'l-Bahá said to love Abu'l-Faḍl like a father. The Getsingers gained much more information on the religion on the second pilgrimage compared to the first. The new clarity this time was that the religion did not accept any form of reincarnation - “souls do not return” - which was spread in various letters back to America. In one Lua wrote: “Don’t let this change in the teaching effect (sic) you…. I have heard from America that many are shaken … What does it matter whether we have ever been on this earth before or not. We are here now in the greatest period that has ever existed since the world began…" However they kept up a revered tone about Abdu'l-Bahá in such letters as to the Chicago Baháʼís October 19, 1900, saying "… our revered Lord and Master, the Beloved Son of God, His Greatest Branch and Mystery… The same Holy Spirit, that spoke in Jesus Christ 1900 years ago, today speaks in Him, and through him doeth all good works." A profile of the Baháʼís was published in newspapers through an interview of the MacNutts and the Getsingers were mentioned away on pilgrimage and presenting this kind terminology of Abdu'l-Bahá - the newspaper article also included a translation of a letter presented as signed by Abdu'l-Bahá though the translator is not stated. However while early western believers conflated the stations of Jesus and Abdu'l-Bahá and showed extremes of reverence it also empowered women to flout social conventions easily but still follow Abdu'l-Bahá’s direction even over the objections of their husbands. Copies of Lua’s letters were typewritten into 6 pages in 1900 and circulated containing her interpretations, prophecies of Bahá’u'lláh, and understandings of the life after death. A picture of the period includes Lua. Lua sent a letter to Ella Cooper March 23, 1901, from Haifa mentioning she had read Edward Granville Browne's rececnt article in the Asiatic Journal, explained the Baháʼí teaching of the Manifestation of God using the analogy of mirror and sun, of the Holy Spirit as rays from the sun, and that Abdu'l-Bahá is not the soul of Jesus reincarnated but of the same Holy Spirit though still granting its manifestation in Abdu'l-Bahá a higher position than that of Jesus. The letter goes on to encourage the high treatment Baháʼís should have for each other. Again the topic of multiple wives was raised and trying again in a faulty way to explain the stations of Baháʼu'lláh and Abdu'l-Bahá - that one made the laws and the other fulfilled them and that fulfilling them was a higher position. There were a few more Bahá'ís now present who could advance the work of translation - notably Ishti‘ál-ibn-i-Kalántar, better known as Ali-Kuli Khan.Kindle:5530,5589 By the second pilgrimage Hearst had contributed money for repair of a road to the burgeoning Shrine of the Báb and was photographed by Edward.Kindle:6159 In 1901-2 several more letters from various secretaries of Abdu'l-Bahá resonated about the high station service and love among the believers. One wrote the book Memories of Nine Years in ‘Akká and mentions Lua at some length. The Getsingers were back in Paris in June 1901. The public coverage of the split between those that sided with Abdu'l-Bahá like the developments at Greenacre, a spiritual retreat with then new interests in the religion, the MacNutts, Dodges, and Getsingers against Kheiralla continued. After second pilgrimage Getsingers went to California assisted by Hearst.Kindle:6138 However publicity about Hearst's involvement in the religion had already circulated early as mid-October 1900 and carried into 1901 while still covering the split between Kheiralla and Karim. After the first pilgrimage attempts at correspondence on behalf of Hearst by Lua were leaked naming her involvement in the religion at a time of rising considerations of her son’s political activities and so Hearst dismissed the Getsingers from their stay at her home in 1901.Kindle:6195 Other letters disabusing her authoring of those letters were themselves again published without her permission.Kindle:6195 The Getsingers had to end traveling to promote the interests of the religion.Kindle:6215 By October Edward was trying to establish an import company in New York and a store in Detroit and a main office in DC where he anticipated staying. Newspapers noted in December that Lua already traveled twice to Acre and quotes Lua's letter of the first pilgrimage. Extended pilgrimage and petitions The community progressed sharing copies of letters of and about Abdu'l-Bahá and the Baháʼí teachings. Lua's belief she had a mission to promulgate the religion was reinforced and Edward's belief was that he had a mission to connect science and religion. The Getsingers received financial assistance from Helen Goodall and Agnes Parson and others. Lua returned to Palestine without Edward and lived in the household of Abdu'l-Bahá and teaching English to his daughters and helping with translations.Kindle:6215 One story recorded is that while there Lua was instructed to visit a home of a friend of Abdu'l-Bahá in ‘Akká but it was filthy in her eyes to the point that she fled. He ordered her to return and do right by this friend. It is also recorded she sang the hymn “Nearer My God to Thee” for Abdu'l-Bahá from the terrace of the Haifa house while looking towards the Shrine of Bahá’u'lláh. Lua helped translate the heartbreaking tablet/song for Thomas Breakwell by Abdu'l-Bahá. Breakwell was an English-American Baháʼí who had been vacationing in Paris, became attracted to the religion through Bolles, and soon died of tuberculosis. In Haifa Lua became known to be seeking to become a martyr for the religion like Táhirih, (a heroic figure of Bábí history that Baháʼís hold up); she enlisted two friends to pray for her with Bábí prayers and asked Abdu'l-Bahá to grant her request on her behalf. Abdu'l-Bahá’s response paraphrased was that martyrdom was a high station which Baháʼu'lláh conferred on whomever he chose and that the physical fact of being killed was not the point, for there were those who had not been killed but were counted as martyrs, and also those who had been killed but who had not attained the station of a martyr. The essence of martyrdom was service, and she had, "thanks be to God", arisen to serve. Documentation is lacking but somehow a particular mission came to mind. In the summer of 1901 a small group of women sought a diplomatic intervention on behalf of the Bahá'ís of Persia during a particular wave of persecutions. This did not lead to fruition. The next year, Abdu'l-Bahá saw the time, place, and person of Lua appropriate to the task. On July 5, 1902, Lua got a passport in her own name in New York and lists various facts of her life - she was born in Hume, New York, had been maintained her official residence in Detroit the last 2 years, and the paper work was witnessed by Josephine C. Cowles of New York. Lua was then back in France before September 28.Kindle:4359 She was there to present a petition to Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, then ruler of Iran, with Mariam Haney, while the Shah was there. She was not immediately welcomed. A picture of Lua and associates was taken in Paris. At some point during the stay in Paris she made contact with Doña Eugénie de Montijo, the last Empress of the French and then widow of Emperor Napoleon III, and attempted to present the religion to her but she rejected the offer. Lua began prolonged prayer vigils to be allowed to present a petition in person to the Shah. assisted Lua by translating the petition into French, and to gain an audience.Kindle:3200 At first only granted a meeting with the Grand Vizier, Lua pressed the matter and finally met directly with the Shah himself. The petition was for the Baháʼís to be granted an audience with him, that he protect the Baháʼís of Persia and that he ask the Sultan of Turkey to allow Abdu'l-Bahá freedom to travel. “…in the grand reception hall of the Elysee Palace hotel where the entire suite of one hundred and fifty Persians were awaiting His Majesty, this one American woman, the only woman in this large group of men, stepped forward and handed to His Majesty the petition she had faithfully written. Lua also delivered a forceful speech suggesting that such 'uncivilized' cruelty was shaming Persia, and that if the mullás examined the history of Islam, 'they would soon see that the shedding of blood is not a means of annulling, but rather the cause of promulgating every religious movement.' Lua then told the assembled men a heartrending story of a woman whose husband, brother and eleven year-old son were viciously killed by mobs, and when the woman 'throws herself upon their mangled corpses' she 'is beaten into insensibility'." Lua asked the Shah, "…is it justice on the part of your Majesty to allow such heinous crimes to go unpunished?" He agreed to intercede on behalf of the Baháʼís but that the freedom of Abdu'l-Bahá he could not grant - Lua then began plans to leave for Constantinople to appeal to the Ottoman Caliph directly but Abdu'l-Bahá intervened and prevented that appeal.Kindle:4359 However conditions in Iran only subsided a few years. Selena Crosson comments in her PhD dissertation: "For the sake of justice, in large part for women, she boldly puts herself forward to stand alone in a group of men against the orthodoxy of the mullahs and the state, representing symbolically the patriarchal superstructure of the old world order. In this effort, Lua Getsinger, was (at least) triply disadvantaged in an eastern male arena (albeit protected by the environs of Paris). She was a woman, considered of little account, and, moreover, a western woman, stereotypically morally suspect in eastern male eyes. She was a farangi, a Euro-foreigner, considered ritually 'unclean' by Muslims, and worse, a Baháʼí, maligned in Persia for heresy, moral crimes, and espionage. Lua had no wealth for bribes, or connections inside or outside of Iran. She had no temporal power and, like Táhiríh, relied only on words, which in the Baháʼí writings are frequently cast in masculinised military metaphorical language as being akin to 'swords.' However, when Miriam Haney summed up Lua, she also emphasized 'motherhood'. Her irresistible charm, her remarkable gifts as a teacher, her forceful character and unique personality with the great and added charm of the spirit, this together with the fruit of her confirmed and distinguished services, placed her in the class of the world's greatest Baháʼí teachers." And again Crosson observes: "For an eastern leader of stature to send a western woman as an official representative to converse with high-level eastern potentates was nearly unprecedented, demonstrating the confidence bdu'l Bahá(sic) had in these women, particularly when there were many men, both eastern and western, whom He could have sent. Correspondingly, the women placed absolute certainty in what they considered the inspired veracity of Abdul Bahá(sic), whatever their circumstances or misgivings about their abilities.” The date is unknown, but Martha Root, later a prominent member of the religion and posthumously appointed a Hand of the Cause, the highest appointed position in the Baháʼí Faith, by Shoghi Effendi, echoed a story told her by Bolles that one day Lua was in Paris and gave up a trip to London, tickets and all, when she heard there was an interested party to hear about the religion.Kindle:7004 Abdu'l-Bahá wrote a tablet to Lua addressed to her in New York December 9, 1902: It goes on to encourage respect and care for Edward’s opinions and wishes as well. There is also a prayer for Lua that has survived. It begins "Thou knowest, O God, and art my witness that I have no desire in my heart save to attain Thy good pleasure, …" An original manuscript of this prayer, held in the Baháʼí archives, is dated 1905, but Lua's own copy bears the date March 28, 1903. Versions of the prayer occur with a line that has been used in a number of songs composed by Baháʼís: "To teach is to learn, to learn is to work, to work is to serve, to serve is to love, to love is to sacrifice, to sacrifice is to die, to die is to live, to live is to strive, to strive is to rise above all earthly limitations and enter the eternal realms" though this has been superseded by a newer translation. By May 28, 1903, Lua was back in Haifa - she wrote a letter to Dreyfus of observing the Ascension of Baháʼu'lláh holy day with Abdu'l-Bahá's family and describes the relationship of Baháʼu'lláh to Abdu'l-Bahá in her own words as one who “abdicated His Throne in favor of His dearest and Eldest Son". August 26, 1903, she wrote a letter to Juliet Thompson from ‘Akká. Juliet had sent a self-portrait to Haifa and Lua wrote of the sadness of Abdu'l-Bahá about the persecution of Persian Baháʼís. Lua is known to have had some kind of major incident though the date is unknown - of having a period of “nervous prostration” as it was later called. Another story of uncertain date is that of her trying to walk in the literal footsteps of Abdu'l-Bahá. Selena Crosson's 2013 PhD in history quotes it: She and Abdu'l-Bahá were walking along the beach. Lua dropped behind and began placing her feet into His footprints. Early Baháʼí Muriel Ives Barrow Newhall tells the story, which she says was told to her by Grace Robarts Ober, a spiritual 'child' of Lua Getsinger: After a few moments the Master turned to ask what she was doing. 'I am following in your footsteps,' said Lua. He turned away and they walked on. A few moments later, He turned again, 'Do you wish to follow in my footsteps?' He asked. 'Oh, yes,' said Lua. They walked on - and Abdu'l-Bahá turned again, 'Lua! Do you wish to follow in my footsteps?' His tone was louder and stern. 'Oh, yes,' said Lua again. Then, the third time he stopped and faced her. 'Lua!' it was almost a shout, 'Do you wish to follow in My footsteps?' 'Oh, yes!' said Lua for the third time - and with that, a great tarantula jumped out from a hillock of sand and bit her ankle. Abdu'l-Bahá saw this and paid no attention, turning away and again walking. Lua followed, still fitting her footsteps into His. Her ankle swelled, the pain became excruciating, till, finally, she sank down with the agony of it. Then Abdu'l-Bahá picked her up and carried her to the ladies quarters, where the Greatest Holy Leaf [Abdu'l-Bahá's sister, Bahíyyih Khánum] put her to bed. The agony increased. Lua’s temperature flamed; delirium set in. Finally, the Greatest Holy Leaf could stand it no longer and she implored Abdu'l-Bahá to heal her. He examined her carefully then laid His hands gently on her forehead. The temperature drained away, her head cleared she was healed. And it was only later that it was explained to her that she had been suffering from a strange and virulent condition of her blood which the bite of the tarantula had cured. In another version, Lua Getsinger is stung by a scorpion, and the fever and healing episodes are omitted. Abdu'l-Bahá’s continues to walk until Lua’s suffering is unbearable, then stops and gently tells her, “This is what it means to walk in My footsteps.” The lesson remains consistent. Newspaper coverage in her family's home area appears in October 1903 that Lua is thought to be shot and beheaded, but it was a false alarm. Perhaps this was a garbled reference to the above events - of her losing her head as a metaphor her hearing of the plight of the Persian Baháʼís, "following in Abdu'l-Bahá's footsteps" in his sadness over the persecution of the Baháʼís. Lua again worked on a mission to present a petition in fall of 1903 sent to Teheran; in this effort she shares the story of the Varqá martyrdom. This led to a little more relief. In December 1903 Lua wrote a letter to the Shah in thanks for action and justice for the Baháʼís - a letter signed along with many French Baháʼís. Edward stayed at the Hannen home Washington DC while Lua was long in holy land. The Washington, DC community, travels, and race Lua co-wrote notes of her pilgrimage which were published as Mercy and Justice April 27, 1904. In June letters to Lua in Paris from Baháʼís in Palestine called her “mother” and indeed Abdu'l-Bahá called her "Ummuʼl-Muʼminín" - "Mother of the Believers", a term also associated with the Islamic figure Fatimah. Lua arrived in America July 19, 1904, on the SS Finland. Joseph and Pauline Hannen first heard Lua in person in August 1904 in New York at the farewell of Abu'l-Faḍl, who had been their teacher in the religion in Washington, DC. Baháʼís, noted as Babists, were profiled in a widely echoed newspaper story from January 1905 mostly based on an account of Myron Phelps' pilgrimage - it briefly mentions the Getsingers or at least Edward in the early presence of the religion in America. In February Thornton Chase commented about Lua in a letter, saying it was his impression that Lua had "changed greatly and for the better.… (seeming) older, and more quiet and reserve", was wearing her blue color-schemed clothing, and was studying Persian at a university. This may be the first mention of Lua's "blue costume". Since her youth Lua had tended to a flamboyant mode of dress while avoiding fashions of the day. Some pictures of her in clothing have been published.Kindle:1696 Abdu'l-Bahá had asked her to dress in a less conspicuous fashion and drew a costume that she then made: a form of dress with royal dark blue panels draping with insets of different fabric including silk trimmings with a hat with its own drapes. Still Lua could pass as a local Christian woman in the streets of Haifa at the time. Persian culture tended to not place Western women into the context of Eastern women but treated as a kind of “honorary male” who were then in a position to learn “a wide repertoire of more culturally sensitive performances of ʼwomanhoods' and or 'Bahaʼi womanhoods', used adaptively and strategically as they traveled throughout the world”. Lua presented at the service weekly in New York advertised from late July and wearing her signature outfit - the newspapers described "There is in New York a religious service each Sunday morning where the contribution box is never seen. More than this, all seats are free, and the poorest are invited and welcomed…." A newspaper article followed the next week too. Subsequent articles spread around the country began to include a drawing of her in her "blue costume". The Getsingers lived with Helen Ellis Cole in New York before moving to DC in April, 1906. Lua also traveled to Boston from New York in the fall of 1905 following which new Baháʼís from her influence included Harlan Ober and Alfred Lunt, (who later had leadership positions in the religion - see Green Acre Baháʼí School. Lua also wrote The Practice of Prayer relying on Biblical quotes. Even before moving, Lua also traveled to DC to give a talk on the religion at Pythian Temple. Following her interventions in diplomacy there were two letters from the Persian diplomatic legation in DC to her the spring of 1906 and then another in 1908. In July Abdu'l-Bahá sent a tablet to Edward which stressed a high position for Lua and to show kindness and respect for her in multiple ways. In November Lua went to Baltimore to give a public talk on the religion as well as speaking at the home of the Struven family that had had contact back before the first pilgrimage - and the community paid the fair for some Baháʼís of Baltimore to travel to DC to hear Lua talk there. In the winter of 1906-7 Abdu'l-Bahá announced the goal of sending Americans to India. Abu'l-Faḍl suggested Hooper Harris and then a companion was suggested and Lua's brother William Moore was named. Hooper Harris was surprised to be asked and William Moore agreed to come along but contracted and died of Yellow Fever. William had been betrothed to Louise Stapfer and upon his death Louise and Lua began a deep friendship that would last the rest of Lua's life, now just a decade ahead. Some years later Edward and Lua would both take steps to facilitate Louise meeting and eventually marrying John Bosch named in honor with the Bosch Baháʼí School. Lua asked Harlan Ober to go on this service to India in the place of her deceased brother. Lua spoke at the homes of African Americans Rhoda Turner and Pocahontas Pope along with Howard MacNutt. Following that contact, African American Louis George Gregory’s first Baháʼí meeting was to hear Lua speak in a meeting room of the Corcoran Gallery of Art who addressed the history and persecution of Baháʼís in Persia. in late 1907. Only three came to that meeting - Gregory and two others, all black, though Pauline Knobloch Hannen and Lua were white ladies acting as host and speaker for the small meeting. “Her recital was brief but vivid” Gregory said of it later. Lua's sister Ruby/Hebe applied for a passport in March 1907 in New York witnessed by Edward. Lua also continued her travels reaching as far as Montreal by December 12, 1907.Kindle:5114 She spoke to large audiences that year and returning each of the next two years. In early 1908 Lua accompanied Stanwood Cobb on his first pilgrimage to see Abdu'l-Bahá. A letter of September, 1908, of Lua's begins a persistent growing friendship - Metelmann comments: "It was to Mrs. Nourse that Lua revealed her most intimate thoughts and her spontaneous joy in life, as well as her brilliant powers of description.” Indeed there were “five souls for whom she would gladly sacrifice her life" - Mariam Haney, Mary Lucas, May Maxwell, Juliet Thompson, Louise Stapfer. In November 1908 a Baháʼí community gathering was organized by Lua and Cowles after the death of Pauline Knobloch Hannen’s mother. Lua with a party of three then went on pilgrimage January, 1909, again including Stanwood Cobb this time coming down from his teaching position in Constantinople. In 1909 she was correspondence with Agnes Parsons writing from New York but not able to wait until March to see her. While they were away a profile of the religion in America in a DC newspaper with pictures and an article covering a page noted 35 communities of Baháʼís in the country with some 200 in DC including a community practice of race amity; a list of local members included Lua. Following the initiatives of reaching the black community and Gregory's involvement, a group of Baháʼís made a presentation to the DC black community forum, the Bethel Literary and Historical Society, with presenters Joseph Hannen, husband of Pauline, Howard MacNutt, and Lua, approaching mid-October 1909 and some of the coverage made it into the New York Age of national circulation. Indeed this turned into a series of Bethel meetings the next several weeks. There is a picture of the DC Baháʼí community with Edward holding up the sign of the "Greatest Name in 1909 from the back of the room. Edward was then active in the Persian-American Educational Society mostly operating out of DC. Lua traveled again to Haifa the winter 1909-1910, into the spring. She arrived back through New York March 16, 1910, via France on the RMS Oceanic coming with Agnes Parsons and Dr. Fareed. On March 23 Lua attend a meeting in DC, and visited the gravesite of Amalie Knobloch, Pauline Hannen's mother, March 27. In June the Getsingers traveled to Boston to give a talk for the religion followed by one in DC and then by August the Getsingers were giving another talk in DC. During the trip north in June they saw May Maxwell in New York then pregnant with Rúhíyyih Khánum. A further group presentation for the Bethel Society including Lua, Fannie Knoblock, Joseph Hannen, and Ameen Fareed, occurred in early April, following which Lua was a delegate to the national Baháʼí convention representing the DC community. Come June the Getsingers were visible in Baltimore, doing a series of meetings. Lua's mother Ellen had moved to Tennessee with her daughter in the Blakeley family, and Lua went to see her August. For her work in travels for the religion Lua had been noted among a list nationally prominent people in the religion in that first decade in America. Lua was also among short list of well-known promulgators of the religion never elected to the national administration. California Gregory went on pilgrimage in March 1911 and was carrying a letter of introduction by Edward which someone, perhaps Lua, had translated into Persian. Gregory went on to be another prominent member of the religion and posthumously appointed a Hand of the Cause by Shoghi Effendi during his ministry as head of the religion. Around the spring of 1911 Lua's youngest brother Elwyn died. A new project arrived for Lua when Abdu'l-Bahá instructed that Lua and Fareed go to California to present the religion - a task for which she was greatly thankful for but later felt deeply betrayed by Fareed. Eventually there was defamation of Lua’s character after Fareed left the religion. Lua and Fareed were visible in multiple cities - San Diego, La Jolla, Point Loma, and gave a talk on the SS California. Newspaper coverage in Los Angeles in March noted Lua had seven trips to ‘Akká by then and that there were about bout 100 Baháʼís in the LA area. Lua was remembered in DC at meetings of the Baháʼís. Meanwhile Lua and Fareed went to Tijuana to give medical assistance to those wounded from a battle, by June 29, 1911; probably at the Second Battle of Tijuana. Later Baháʼís of the area of Tijuana took note it was Lua who was the first to bring the religion there. In August Fareed was noted in newspaper coverage of their presence at a Long Beach "Spiritual Congress". In September their talk for the religion back in Los Angeles was noted in the newspaper. In October Lua and Fareed were in meetings in San Francisco of which there was much coverage in the newspapers. Among the contacts made was then Berkeley Mayor J. Stitt Wilson, and Juanita Storch (1895-1987) who left a diary record of encountering the religion, joined it, and served it for 75 years - she learned of the religion from Lua and Fareed before October 29, 1911. Lua's talk December 17 in San Francisco is one of the few preserved. During her time in California Lua’s handwriting changed - looser, flowing and larger. Juliet Thompson wrote a letter to Lua after returning from Europe where she went to the First Universal Races Congress and then with Abdu'l-Bahá in Switzerland. Suddenly Fareed was summoned away without explanation and Lua remained alone and spoke December 31. Lua and Fareed had introduced the religion to some 5000 people in California. Lua was remembered again in a profile of DC Baháʼís in January 1912. Meanwhile she spoke at a California club attended by John Hyde Dunn already identifying as a Baháʼí, and he sought her out repeatedly to learn further of the religion. Dunn would also go on to be a prominent member of the religion and posthumously appointed a Hand of the Cause by Shoghi Effendi. Then Lua was joined in a talk by Thornton chase in San Francisco where she said: Late in January Lua was visible in the newspaper in San Diego. Later in April Lua had been to Napa with Helen Goodall. Abdu'l-Bahá in the West Records of Abdu'l-Bahá's travels in the West are fairly detailed but who accompanied him are not. Some mentions of Lua do exist. John Bosch joined the Baháʼís in Chicago and saw Lua there in April. In the same period the Hannens were in Chicago and Lua invited people to wear one of Abdu'l-Bahá’s coats in the hotel and say a prayer following which Pauline's hearing returned gradually and she was still talking about this in 1928. In early May Lua was among presenters before the talk by Abdu'l-Bahá at the closing session of the national Bahá'í convention and was a delegate representing the San Francisco Baháʼís for the groundbreaking of the House of Worship. A golden shovel was given to Abdul-Bahá to open the ground but the ground was too hard. A pickaxe was borrowed and then Abdu'l-Bahá broke the ground. Corinne True, later appointed another Hand of the Cause, then asked that a woman have a role. Abdu'l-Bahá asked Fareed to urge Lua forward twice and it was she who then turned the first spade of dirt. True did it next and then followed representatives of races and nationalities. About a week later Abdu'l-Bahá was in Cleveland and Lua and Edward were among those there and appeared in local news, and then in Pittsburgh. After arriving in New York on May 11 several ladies including Lua and Juliet Thompson worked preparing Abdu'l-Bahá's rented apartment and Lua was with Juliet there again on the 15th. Lua was again with Abdu'l-Bahá for a New York Peace Society meeting and in the coverage Lua was singled out as a "disciple" of Abdu'l-Bahá. Lua was visible again a few days later in the delegation with Abdu'l-Bahá pictured attending the Lake Mohonk Conference on International Arbitration, echoes of which appeared variously over the coming week or so in various states. While those echoes were spreading around, on May 19 Lua was with Abdu'l-Bahá at a church, and later for Abdu'l-Bahá's talk at Howard Colby Ives' "Brotherhood Church" who was particularly impressed by the attention Lua paid seeing the talk. Toward the end of May Lua commented that she then not seen Abdul-Bahá for 2 days and together Lua and Juliet spoke of seeking martyrdom. In early June Lua was among those with Abdu'l-Bahá traveling a bit in New York. A week later at a meeting with Lua, Maxwell and Thompson, Abdu'l-Bahá described their respective hearts as tender, kind, and boiling.Kindle:6034 Later Lua gave a talk while Abdu'l-Bahá was traveling; she mentioned a proof of the work of Baháʼu'lláh's guidance being that 70 diverse pilgrims came together at one meeting she was in. June 18 there was a filming of a Baháʼí gathering to hear a talk by Abdu'l-Bahá held at the home of the MacNutts and Lua is visible among the entourage. The next day was the day Abdu'l-Bahá named Lua as the "Herald of the Covenant" after sitting for some time for a painting by Juliet Thompson. This act promoted Lua “and by extension, women, to the highest echelon of honor and responsibility in the Faith, in contrast to the secondary positions usually held by women in traditional religious organizations" and was "reminiscent of the preeminence of Tahirih, the ‘Bugle’ or ’Trumpet’ and remover of ‘veils’ in her proclamation of the Báb’s mission.” Lua was then sent to audience of 125 people to "proclaim the Covenant” and Abdu'l-Bahá followed with a talk about the uniqueness of the Baháʼí situation; this talk was confirmed and published along with all supplemental scriptural texts to that date about the Baháʼí covenant and naming New York as the 'City of the Covenant'. On June 29 Lua sought an excuse with Juliet to see Abdu'l-Bahá then staying in Montclair. After arriving, on June 30 Abdu'l-Bahá told her she is to be sent to California; but rather than be separated, Juliet tells a story that Lua walked in poison ivy, and then was cured by eating fruit chosen by Abdul-Bahá so that she could go. Lua left July 11, arrived by the 19th giving a talk where she used a prophecy of the sun rising in the West for the dawn of the 'Center of the Covenant' announcement. Lua was among the Baháʼís present in San Francisco August 10 with a group sending a telegram to Abdu'l-Bahá then in Dublin, New Hampshire. Abdu'l-Bahá was on a train already on the way to California when the news came of the death of Thornton Chase in Los Angeles; he immediately changed his plans and went to Los Angeles to visit Chase's grave. When Abdu'l-Bahá did come to San Francisco a few days later Lua had made arrangements for him to speak for a number of venues starting with Stanford University. Lua was with him visiting the Golden Gate Park in early October. A picture was taken October 12 of Abdu'l-Bahá with Lua at the edge during the visit to Goodall's home. Lua remained in California teaching various classes as Abdu'l-Bahá went back east and eventually left America. Lua had been feeling unwell for some time and on arriving in Chicago in spring 1913 came under the care of a doctor. Still she took up the invitation of Rev. Albert Vail in Champaign for a presentation on the religion for his Unity Club in March. She was accompanied by the doctor's wife. In Chicago Lua was staying in the doctor's own home and advised to have an operation which was held in early April. The doctor refused payment and she felt her ill-feeling gone. The doctor had known Lua some 20 years timing back to the early 1890s. India In April 1913 Lua was mentioned in the Will settlement of Helen Ellis Cole in New York. On July 10 Lua was on the German SS Princess Irene coming from DC and arrived in Port Said July 23, where she waited and learned of the opportunity of service of going to India. Abdu'l-Bahá met with her in August in Ramleh, Egypt, and a report of a tablet was published in Star of the West in October which was a set of exhortations of the basis of the goal of being of unwavering service using both Táhirih and himself as examples. Lua begged Abdu'l-Bahá not to be sent with any man but her husband and hoped to be joined by Isabel Chamberlain though that did not work out. Edward arrived by late September and together they went to the Baháʼ̛í shrines, and spent three weeks in ‘Akká/Haifa before November 13. At some point Martha Root gathered some notes about the preparation of Lua to go to India, retold in 1947, which speaks to various attitudes in response to challenges and opposition. Hellen Goodall aided many of Lua’s travels and established a trust to aid the Getsingers in India administered by contacts in Egypt.Kindle:6273 By early December the Getsingers had arrived in India while Abdu'l-Bahá had returned to Haifa. Jean Stannard went instead of Chamberlain with the Getsingers and Stannard represented the Baháʼís, as Lua fell sick, at the All-India Theistic Conference in Karachi, December 25-9. Lua wrote back of Christian material being useless and proceeding on highlighting general principles and seeking a translator. She was back and forth between Bombay (modern Mombai) and Surat along the western coast of India in January and February, staying in the home of N K. Vakil, the first Baháʼí of Hindu background, and offering classes and giving talks. Vakil went on pilgrimage at the time. One of the visits to Surat there was a visit to see a Nawab (Muslim ruler) of Sachin. Come March the normal heat of the year was already getting to her though she still received guests at her home, and traveled to Jhalrapatan well inland and then Chhatrapur on the east coast of India. She developed a fever again in March, but was able again to travel to meet with the Maharaja of Jhalawar in April, one of the points of contact Abdu'l-Bahá had outlined from the beginning, and with whom she developed a correspondence and friendship. He became “splendidly sympathetic” to Lua and was a point of reference to other Baháʼí contacts, and often calling her “St. Lua” even in the 1920s in India. A picture taken with Lua in India has been published online. Wax cylinders of Hindi renditions of Baháʼí scriputres were made but have since been lost. Fareed's disaffection from the religion came to light by the summer of 1914 - apparently he had been asking Baháʼís for money for years and been censured by Abdu'l-Bahá and the rumors of he and Lua were circulating since February. By June Edward was traveling separately from Lua but communicating via telegram; Lua was feeling alone, yet he was unwilling to travel with her and she was running out of money and unable to pay for a trip. When Edward left her, local Baháʼís offered to pay her way to Haifa in July. Edward's leaving her affected her health in August into October; during which she had lost 28 lbs. There was a threat of arrest because of his German background as WWI approached while in British India.Kindle:6273 Lua was concerned what Edward might be saying about her in late October while feeling alone: “it was the last human tie to break and he broke it ruthlessly" she wrote in a letter. Biographer Kathryn Jewett Hogenson marks Edward’s leaving India as the end of their marriage.Kindle:6291 She obtained a passport from the American Consul in Bombay in early November. Such service was part the overall effort of major sequences of action managed by Abdu'l-Bahá for the first travels to begin to spread the religion around the world: of Dreyfus and Barney on a world tour, the Getsingers and Stannard to India, and Agnes Alexander and others to Japan. Palestine Lua left India November 17, 1914, and arrived in Ottoman Palestine December 3. At some point Lua joined in some relief assistance with a Persian Baháʼí doctor as a nurse serving in a Druze village. Edward had been in America and returned to Haifa to provide money for food relief during the war before America's involvement but Abdu'l-Bahá had to refuse because of the high suspicion and threats in the area. Edward also consulted about his marriage while in Haifa. including January 26 - February 5, 1915. A meeting had been held in Haifa seeking reconciliation between Edward and Lua. He felt she had indulged in backbiting about him and that he had personally suffered “because I had no wife” based on the diagnosis/comments of doctor. He felt Lua had a limitation of the spirit which she must overcome - “I can not figure it out any other way."(than she must have had an affair - to understand what had happened in her behavior with respect to him.) Unexamined, whatever the truth of the details and points of view of Edward and Lua, but present in modern literature are cases of changes in marital intimacy following major changes in religious feeling. Edward filled for a divorce from Lua which was then published in the newspapers in late July, 1915, repeating into August. Edward was then asked about how this relief fund was dispersed rather than returned and became very upset over the demands asked of him from donars and continued to complain of the questioning for two years and about which “may have been the final blow which determined Edward to sever all ties with Lua" in the judgement of Lua's biographer. Still Lua didn’t know he contemplated divorce. Lua says when Edward left he did not want her to return with him because of some Baháʼís were being unfriendly to her. But she did not consider this a rupture in their marriage. Lua gained an understanding while in Haifa that this was a time of trials in the world for the next few years including interpretations of prophecies of Jesus, Bahá’u'lláh and Abdu'i-Bahá. There was also a threatened arrest of Abdu'l-Bahá in February, 1915. In some quarters her independence and styles were criticized among Baháʼís and called her a "Magdalene" and her status became conflated with the failure of Fareed to remain faithful to the Baháʼí covenant. The only legal option for divorce in DC at the time was because of adultery and was that way until 1935. Edward tried to minimize publicity of seeking a divorce even to moving to other areas that allowed other means of divorce but there too delays mounted and he felt an urge to return and be done with it. In letters of Edward in America he maintained she had not been “a wife to me” for nine years, her lacking “affinity” to do so he said she said. Abdu'l-Bahá left to be reviewed and possibly arrested about the time Lua left Palestine - she was accompanied to the boat by Shoghi Effendi and others. Lua left Haifa August 30, 1915, carrying a tablet authored August 27 speaking of her work in India and respect given her role as "Herald of the Covenant" addressed to the Baháʼís of America. She left for Crete on the American along with 290 other evacuees and then left to Port Said arriving mid-September, on a small Greek vessel. Wartime communications from Palestine to America were very limited for Abdu'l-Bahá to attempt to address the wave of concerns in America while Lua wrote her own in part updating the American Baháʼís on her work in India, the situation in the Holy Land and wartime issues and the need for the spread of the religion at this critical time. Egypt On September 13 Lua applied for an emergency passport in Cairo under her married name. Her occupation was "Lecturer" and she intending to return to America on a scale of months vs years. Circa September 25 news of the filing for divorce reached her. She was deeply hurt by the accusations and sent multiple copies of Abdu'l-Bahá’s latest tablet confirming his high respect for efforts and character. The Haifa Relief Fund process Edward had tried to accomplish was still a mess as well. At the time Lua was still calling Abdu'l-Bahá superlative names like “Ancient Beauty” as well as the more normative "Center of the Covenant". A letter of September 26 to Louise Waite pointed out a network of leading women in America who were to have assistants - Mrs. Goodall assisted by the Ralstons and Mrs. Cooper for the West Coast, Mrs. Krug assisted by the Kinneys for New York, Parsons, assisted by Charles Mason Remey, for DC and True for Chicago to be assisted by Dr. Zia Bagdadi. This practice is no longer used. Lua was also noted and lionized among Baháʼís and had her own spiritual ’sisters’, ‘brothers’, and ‘children’ and many became leaders of the community. Defended Abdu'l-Bahá was Lua's first public defender. Crosson observes:"Abdu'l Bahá’s(sic) letter drew support from newly formed North American institutions, and they devoted a whole issue of the magazine Star of the West to Lua and the Covenant. Although repeatedly warned of the corrosive effects on unity of gossip, fault-finding and backbiting, which Abdu'l Bahá(sic) called 'the worst human quality,' the community still struggled to overcome this cultural penchant." "… in spite of Abdu’l Bahá’s(sic) pronouncements, the negative western cultural associations of Mary Magdalene with illicit sexuality were difficult to completely erase, as was betrayed in the language Lua Getsinger used in a 1915 letter reacting to her husband’s hurtful charge of infidelity. Speaking of herself, Lua writes: 'Even had she [Lua] been a Magdalene – who is he [Edward Getsinger] to stone her after her Lord and the one whom he acknowledges as his Lord had forgiven, trusted, and sent her out to herald His name – In the days of Christ all went out ashamed – before Jesus said ‘Neither do I condemn thee’!' As Lua Getsinger’s plaintive statement makes clear, the mythic Baháʼí rehabilitation of Mary Magdalene had profound reverberations for women raised in a patriarchal culture. Accusations of promiscuity represented (and still do, albeit to a lesser degree) female degradation. The negative impacts on women of “Madonna/whore” dichotomies in Judeo-Christian cultures are well documented.” The Baháʼís rose towards honoring Mary Magdalene and of Lua. Crosson continues: "Thus, the metamorphosis of Mary Magdalene’s image loomed larger for women who became Baháʼís in the 'progressive' era, because her heroization symbolically repudiated injustices done to women on the basis of their sexuality by patriarchal religion. Lua Getsinger, in another letter to the same friend, reclaimed her spiritual and feminine power in the face of her accuser, after she received Abdu'l Bahá’s(sic) support. Having begged Bahá’u'lláh for martyrdom and severance from all else save God, she writes: 'He is now answering me! I rejoice and thank Him. I long for suffering until I am purged from all else save His Holy Spirit and then I may sacrifice my life in His Path made so narrow and perfect by the Feet of His beloved His Son – His Covenant through which I have learned the fear of God – which has liberated me from the fear of any man!'" Indeed Mary Magdalene is now "one of the 'most revered women in the Bahaʼi hermeneutic' inasmuch as Abdu'l Bahá(sic) made more references to Mary Magdalene than to any other female historical figure." Baháʼí institutions supported Lua in October. The next issue of Star of the West was all about her and the Baháʼí covenant with extracts of letters including three repeats of the August 27 tablet of Abdu'l-Bahá - a copy of the Persian text, a photograph of the original, and the translation. Comments by the editor team were added: "In the light of the foregoing, further comment on our part is unnecessary. 'Peace be upon those who follow guidance.ʼ It is evident that those who are favored with a written word of approval from Abdu'l-Bahá should receive every consideration. Lua Getsinger has been thus favored; 'she is worthy of love.' In a letter of the period Lua referred to this as a test which for her was the "last of the Dark Night for my soul" and speculating of a "last long journey". Still she was concerned that Edward’s "good motives" not cause him harm over the troubles of the Haifa Relief Effort that failed. She moved from Port Said to Cairo in October and remained among Baháʼís but fell ill with bronchitis and neuralgia. Martha Root was there and heard Lua had gotten word Abdu'l-Bahá was well by November 24. December 5 there was mention of Lua meeting and speaking to young Baháʼís in Cairo who understood English. Died Eight weeks before her death, in a March 7, 1916, letter sent to a lifelong friend she said "I am very much afraid when I have learned my final lesson which the desert has to teach me--my footsteps will be turned in another direction--and years may pass ere we meet again--even if we ever should in this world." A letter in April says: "… I am sure until the last day of our lives we will be learning lessons, for this world is a school, from which we graduate only when we leave it. I shall be so glad when the last day comes, and the school is forever (so far as I am concerned) dismissed. His will, not mine, be done!" "One night (it was the 2nd of May) she awoke with a severe pain in her heart. She called the family, who telephoned for a doctor. But before his arrival she passed into the other world after uttering three times, 'Ya-Baha-el-Abha.’" Lua Getsinger died unexpectedly of heart failure on the night of May 1–2, 1916, at the age of forty-three. Communiques from the US Embassy in Egypt with her sister Hebe and, as named in the documentation, her husband Edward followed. She had two trunks of personal effects including clothing, letters, note books, and manuscripts and together with left over monies she had, doctor and funeral expenses were covered by friends. Memorialization and commentary Abdu'l-Bahá was informed 4 months later, delayed by war time communications, around September 1916. He wrote a prayer of visitation which says in part: It mentions her difficulties: “….through the difficulties that she endured in Thy Path, her very flesh and bones were melted, diseases and sicknesses attacked her, her frail body failed her, her nerves and muscles weakened their functions and her heart became the target of conflicting ailments.…” A quote reported to be put on her original gravestone was written by Abdu'l-Bahá: "Verily, verily, the maid-servant of God, Lua, while serving in the Path of God and being attracted to His Breaths, abandoned this world, soared towards the Supreme Concourse and attained to the countenance of her Lord in the Kingdom of Names” though this is only mentioned in a second hand letter and not verified. Meanwhile Martha Root encountered a cousin of Lua's in Pernambuco, Brazil. A biographical review of Lua was published in Star of the West, mostly based on Edward’s positive comments, by the editors which was followed by a tribute from May Maxwell and she says: "Then I saw no longer the bruised and broken reed trodden and crushed to earth, whose fragrance shall perfume all regions. I saw the victorious Lua, majestic in her death--the Lua who shall live through all ages--who shall shine from the horizon of eternity upon the world when all the veils which have hidden her today from mortal eyes have been burned away. As Kurat-ul-Ayn[ed - another name for Tahíríh] was the Trumpet of the Dawn in the Orient in the Day of Bahaʼu'llah, so Lua Aurora shall wave forever and ever the Banner of the Dawn in the Day of the Covenant." Modern scholarship on Lua continues seeing her as a Táhirih model of a crusader, "not afraid to speak out in the face of the approbation of family, neighbours, and authority figures." The National Baháʼí Convention of America in 1917 held a memorial service for Lua with May Maxwell noting her effect on many many many Baháʼís, and another was held at the end of the 1919 convention that announced the Tablets of the Divine Plan about promulgating the religion around the world. Maxwell was also a direct influence on several more people including Hands of the Cause Agnes Alexander, William Sutherland Maxwell, and Mason Remey,Kindle:4732-4855 and Ethel Rosenberg.Kindle:4437 Abdu'l-Bahá further commented on Lua in a tablet to the MacNutts July 1919 that was published in November 1920: "Yet, praise be to God! not even a single soul among the Friends wavered. The violators in America do nothing but flatter, seduce and show a love that is insincere. Consider what they did to poor Lua and how unfaithful they have been to her!" The Bosch family, long close friends of Lua, visited her gravesite towards the end of January, 1922. She was reinterred from a Christian cemetery to a Baháʼí cemetery in December 1942 just before the 20th anniversary of her death, and later a revised mausoleum was raised and shared with Mírzá Abu'l-Faḍl, her designated father figure in the community. On March 29, 1954, Shoghi Effendi, as then head of the religion, mentioned Lua in a short list of eight women “in the Abha Kingdom” who had laid down their lives far from home. Successive biographical works have been published since. In 1971 a 4 page article on Lua was published in Bahá'í News. In 1973 a “charming yet slender” book partially about Lua was published co-written by Hand of the Cause William Sears. A review of her meeting with the Shah in Paris was published in 1974 written by Hand of the Cause Abu'l-Qásim Faizi. A biographical collection of letters to and from Lua was published in 1997. A one page bio on Lua, plus mention of her in other bios of women of Bábí-Baháʼí history, was published in 1999 in curriculum materials for the religion. Lua was one of the subjects of some plays. One was produced in the context of the second Baháʼí World Congress held in 1992. Another was produced as part of a 1998 thesis in Canadian Studies mentioning her in the context of two Baháʼí women speaking in spring 1910. Lua's life was portrayed in an article of a children's magazine of the religion in 2016 still available online. Lua was among the prominent women of the religion in biographies like Martha Root, Marion Jack and others. Like Root, Lua was remarked on for her extensive traveling, public speaking, and carrying on diplomatic initiatives. Promoting the historical accomplishments of women has often highlighted a common sense of suffering being a significant motivator for the women but Selena M. Crosson points out for Baháʼí women it has been “their high levels of bonding and intimacy seem to be based primarily on their adherence to their new faith, common millennial ideals, and shared religious language” and can be compared with other communities of women. Baháʼí women’s activities as non-professionalized missionaries (true in general for men and women,) were atypical compared to other advances of women: that Baháʼí women would exemplify new social expectations for women, including paid employment and philanthropy, while avoiding the political route to advancement. See also Baháʼí Faith and gender equality. Lua is among women seen as ones "who dedicated their lives to service of the Faith, mainly outside of the domestic realm, emerged as heroic Baháʼí paradigms. This positioned these women within the globalizing Baháʼí Faith as attainable modern western female religious exemplars, reinforcing women’s leadership roles.” "This inspiring picture of Lua Getsinger as a warrior woman works in the realm of heroic Baháʼí myth-building on several levels. First, for Baháʼís, Lua presents a clear parallel to Táhiríh." "In the Baháʼí community, the heroic myths of May Maxwell, Martha Root, Lua Getsinger and their associates were very modern: these are ordinary, flawed, frail or timid women who are transformed by extraordinary circumstances, and their own mettle. They providentially discover a new, nearly unknown millennial faith, which they believe holds in its grasp the fate of the world, and become its champions. Through a series of tests, they exhibit, by overcoming various challenges, a previously unknown strength of character. Their stories, as heroic myths are meant to, inspire other initiates to higher devotion and increased efforts to accomplish their herculean task, building a new global World Order. This quest helps them to move beyond personal and gender barriers to experience a metamorphosis in their personal and collective identities, discovering new capacities and competencies. In the early Baháʼí narratives, these women are often attributed some special qualities, mainly a 'searching' soul and an intuitive knowledge of and sensitivity to the spiritual realm, often revealed through dreams and visions." "As with Lua Getsinger, in most accounts of May Maxwell, a dichotomy of strength and fragility exists; her ephemeral presence and physical weakness mask a spiritually robust woman with great internal fortitude. The mix of “feminine” delicacy and spiritual potency makes her mythology malleable. She was able to be many things to many people.” Another motif among the early Baháʼís was being a sense of being “chosen” and tested: a quote reported from the Getsingers and in Edward's pilgrim notes published in Star of the West in 1915 says “In this Day every one must be tested, as the time of the 'chosen ones' to prove their worth is indeed very short…. All who fail to attain to the standard through the tests are relegated to the 'many who are called.'" But this was not an individual salvation being envisioned but a enterprise on a planetary scale. "In fulfillment of May’s prophecy, Lua Getsinger has arguably become the foremost popular female exemplar in the western Baháʼí community, after Táhiríh herself.” Lua is among a list of graves of women believers were enjoined to visit. "The development of these more culturally accessible western female models conformed to modernist and feminist mythological patterns of heroization. Average, even weak or flawed women (i.e. not men) such as the ailing May Maxwell, the 'timid' Agnes Alexander, and the frumpy, poor, ill Martha Root could, after being providentially 'chosen,' and divinely assisted by the transformative power of the 'new revelation,' arise to save the world. Within the Baháʼí community, this band of women became the première exponents and western exemplars of the Faith. These western female religious paradigms, who exhibited many of the qualities identified with feminist ideals of the self-reliant, independent, self-actualizing, 'modern' woman, acted as inspirational models for their peers and succeeding generations." "However, like a saint, Lua did not succumb (in community memory, at least) to death. By 1924, she was already 'immortalized' within the Baháʼí community, in part for her prolific spiritual 'mothering'. Mariam Haney attributes Lua’s greatness to sacrifice, writing, '…for among the world's great women there are none who should come nearer receiving honor and distinction than those who in truth share the suffering and sorrows of their fellow human beings, and who offer the sacrifice of their own life that others may live.' Haney interprets Lua’s 'martyrdom' as self-chosen so 'that others may live,' echoing Biblical allusions to sacrifice ransoming spiritual 'life.' In this way, 'martyrdom' becomes thoroughly hybridized as both a physical and a daily lived spiritual condition. By equating Lua Getsinger with Persian martyrs, Haney reverses the Orientalism that Edward said claims portrays eastern men as weak and feminised. In this case, male 'Orientals' set the standards for heroism, and western females, by being compared to them, symbolically acquired stereotypically masculinised attributes like bravery, independence, fortitude and loyalty.” Biographer Kathryn Jewett Hogenson says:"Indeed, Lua’s contributions to the establishment of the Faith cannot be measured. True, she was impulsive and mischievous, and she never let her head overrule her heart; but her passion and unwavering love for the Faith, coupled with her relentless desire to serve her Lord, overshadowed her more earthly failings. Many were the believers who called her their ‘spiritual motherʼ."Kindle:6335 Further reading More about the Hearst pilgrimage is published in References American Bahá'ís 1871 births 1916 deaths Converts to the Bahá'í Faith 20th-century Bahá'ís
孕5个多月胎停育和缺氧的症状？在怀孕期间,孕妇身体发生系列变化,不仅饮食增大，不说大家应该也了解的了，营养需求更多，身体耗氧量是也常人的2倍左右,所以，孕妇身体素质较差，或者长期在人多闷热空气不畅的环境下都会产生缺氧症状，比如孕妇贫血，妇逛超市时间长，孕妇挤公交等。一般孕早期更容易出现胚胎停育。而孕3个月以后出现胚胎停止发育的情况就大大减少了。当然孕中期以后并不是就远离了胚胎停育。如果孕期受到不良影响（最常见的是胎儿缺氧）也会导致怀孕5个月胎停的。怀孕五个月孕妇缺氧的症状：胸闷气短，脸色苍白，呼吸困难，心慌口干，头晕眼花，心跳加快，疲惫乏力。胎儿缺氧的症状：胎动改变，胎心音异常，发育迟缓，胎动突然加快，或者突然减慢胎动低于10次/12小时或超过40次/12小时，则提示有可能胎儿宫内缺氧。孕妇贫血也是缺氧的一个重要因素，随着孕周增加，孕妇的血液容量增加，而血液被相对稀释；胎儿的生长发育，例如肌肉、骨骼的生长都需要吸收大量的铁，而这些无疑都要从母体中获得，需要消耗母体大量的血红蛋白，而母体携带氧气不足而致胎儿缺氧。在怀孕过程中，孕妇在某些阶段会感觉轻微的腹部闷痛，这种状况大都为正常。但如果是突如其来的腹部疼痛，并且是痉挛性的，这就需要引起重视。在孕早期，剧烈的下腹疼痛并伴有阴道出血，可能是宫外孕或先兆流产的预警。一旦怀疑宝宝出现缺氧现象，请立即上医院。怀孕5个月属于孕中期，这个阶段的胎心还是比较稳定的，莫名出现缺氧的可能性不大。不过也不排除一些意外情况。建议数胎动，确保宝宝安全。每天早中晚各数1小时。如果3个小时相加乘以3，小于10就有可能是缺氧，建议立即上医院。为了避免由于胎儿缺氧和停育引起的严重后果，首要的是认真参加产检，以便能及时发现和治疗各种妊娠并发症、合并症等高危因素，使之避免或减少胎儿宫内缺氧及难产的发生。
四月初三，农历四月第三天。大事记出生逝世节假日和习俗其他内容参看日历四月初一 - 四月初二 - 四月初三 - 四月初四 - 四月初五三月初三 - 四月初三 - 五月初三正月 - 二月 - 三月 - 四月 - 五月 - 六月 - 七月 - 八月 - 九月 - 十月 - 十一月 - 腊月公历4月3日
是一部1999年上映的香港電影，由彭俊偉及李釗導演，監製為李釗，鄭浩南、楊澤霖及成奎安領銜主演。劇情簡介祥哥、順哥、周哥三人為江湖大佬，三人為好兄弟，但在一起，周對祥產生誤會，兩人冲此對立。澳門警司高長官調查三人，高發現了順哥之子阿勝的計謀，同時順哥被勝槍殺，高、天決定一人去找勝談判... 演員外部链接 1999年香港電影作品
是下辖的一个镇。 2011年11月7日，湖北省民政厅批复同意撤销绿水乡，设立绿水镇。行政区划下辖以下村级行政区划单位：。参考资料
阿部氏可以指：安倍氏阿部氏 (德川谱代)，德川氏的家臣、江户时代的譜代大名
The 1978 Rothmans International Series was an Australian motor racing competition open to Australian Formula 1 cars. The series, which was the third Rothmans International Series, was won by Warwick Brown, driving a Lola T332 Chevrolet. Schedule The series was contested over four rounds with one race per round. Points system Series points were awarded on a 9-6-4-3-2-1 basis for the first six places at each round. Series results References Rothmans International Series Rothmans Australian Formula 1 Formula 5000
Morchard Road is a small hamlet in mid Devon, UK. It has a pub, the Devonshire Dumpling. It also has a railway station on the Tarka Line. External links The Devonshire Dumpling public house Hamlets in Devon
渐江墓位于安徽歙县徽城练江西岸的西干山半山，太平兴国寺旁。新安画派大师渐江（名江韜，又号梅花古衲，1610-1664年）明亡后在福建武夷山削发出家为僧，法名弘仁，晚年回到家乡居住西干山五明寺，死后葬于寺旁，墓碑篆字“渐江和尚墓”由名士许楚书写，墓旁植梅数十株。1982年重修。 1986年，渐江墓公布为安徽省文物保护单位。参考安徽省文物保护单位黄山文物保护单位歙县建筑
女人子宫下垂是什么原因应该怎么医治？子宫下垂也叫子宫脱垂，是一种常见的妇科疾病。子宫脱垂引起的症状是基于子宫是女性在娠期哺育胎儿的袋状组织，在平时是固定于骨盆腔内，但是一旦因各种原因下垂之后就会引起各种不适的症状。子宫脱垂的高危人群：孕产妇（尤其是多产妇、和生过巨大儿的产妇）产后不能好好休息、有慢性咳嗦、便秘、自身较肥胖、营养不良的产后女性。女性一定要特别注意这几期：月经期、孕期、哺乳期、产露期。这些关键时期一定要重视身体的健康。子宫下垂的原因有哪些？1.生产造成的伤害(例如巨婴、难产等)；2.腹腔内的压力太高(例如过度肥胖、久咳、便秘、或盆腔内有肿瘤压迫，都会使腹腔压力增高)；3.年龄及器官衰老加上女性荷尔蒙雌激素的降低，使骨盆腔底部肌群(P.F.M.)失去张力，子宫韧带也逐渐退化萎缩；4.经过各类盆腔手术之后也可能造成子宫脱垂的后遗症；5.纵使没有以上经验，但是先天性盆腔肌群软弱松弛也可以引起子宫脱垂。子宫下垂如何治疗？不同程度的子宫脱垂有不同的治疗方案，Ⅰ度子宫脱垂可以不使用子宫托、不才采用手术的方式治疗。这些女性需要做到这几点：1、改善营养情况。2、增加盆底训练。3、改变不良习惯。4、去除高危因素。到Ⅱ度（轻）脱垂的时候，也可以通过Ⅰ度注意事项改善脱垂的情况；到Ⅱ度（重）脱垂的时候，可以开考虑使用子宫托，进行子宫韧带悬吊；如果还有生育的要求尽量选择保守的治疗方式。到Ⅲ度脱垂的时候，就必须通过手术的方式来处理。子宫是女性特有的生殖器官，是产生月经和孕育胎儿的器官，所以要想有一个健康的身体和宝宝，子宫的保护是极其重要的。一旦子宫不适，就要去正规医院做相关检查治疗。
Cryptopylos is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains only one known species, Cryptopylos clausus, native to Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and Sumatra. See also List of Orchidaceae genera References Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press. Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press. Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart External links Orchids of Thailand Orchids of Sumatra Orchids of Vietnam Monotypic Epidendroideae genera Vandeae genera Aeridinae

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