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Jean Savard (born April 26, 1957) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played 45 games in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks and Hartford Whalers between 1977 and 1980.
Biography
Savard was born in Verdun, Quebec. As a youth, he played in the 1969 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Verdun. He placed junior hockey in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, winning the scoring championship in 1976–77. In 1977, Savard was drafted by both the National Hockey League and World Hockey Association. Savard signed with the Chicago Black Hawks of the NHL, and played 42 games with Chicago and its farm team, the Dallas Black Hawks. Savard was claimed by the Hartford Whalers in the expansion draft and played one further game in the NHL. Savard played his final full season with the Binghamton Whalers in 1980–81. Savard sat out the 1981–82 season after being released by the St. Louis Blues. He played a tryout in 1982–83 with the Salt Lake Golden Eagles before retiring.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
References
External links
1957 births
Living people
Binghamton Whalers players
Birmingham Bulls draft picks
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in the United States
Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks draft picks
Chicago Blackhawks players
Dallas Black Hawks players
French Quebecers
Hartford Whalers players
Montreal Juniors players
Montreal Bleu Blanc Rouge players
New Brunswick Hawks players
People from Verdun, Quebec
Quebec Remparts players
Salt Lake Golden Eagles (CHL) players
Ice hockey people from Montreal
Springfield Indians players
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无产者社是中国历史上的一个托洛茨基主义组织。
历史
1927年，中国共产党的势力被蒋介石、汪精卫等人清除出中国国民党。1929年，托洛茨基关于中国革命的理论和策略传到中国。1929年7月，“中东路事件”爆发。以此为契机，陈独秀在七八月间给中共中央写了三封信，公开批评中共“武装保卫苏联”等政策方针，要求党中央接受托派路线，抛弃中共六大路线。10月10日陈独秀与彭述之致信中央：“你们说我们是反对派，不错，我们是反对派；我们的党此时正需要反对派。”10月25日，中共江苏省委与上海各区党团书记召开联席会议，决定开除彭述之等人的党籍。没有将陈独秀先开除出党。得知江苏省委决议后，陈独秀与彭述之于10月26日联名致信中央，对中央的警告进行反击。1929年11月25日，中共中央政治局作出《中共中央关于开除陈独秀党籍并批准江苏省委开除彭述之、汪泽楷、马玉夫、蔡振德四人党籍的决议案》：“这充分证明陈独秀彭述之等已经决心离开革命，离开无产阶级，客观上就是已经开始转变他们的历史行程走向反革命方面去了……”。
1929年12月15日，陈独秀、彭述之等人召开全体会议，发表《我们的政治意见书》（八十一人声明），选举出“中国共产党左派反对派”的常务委员会，有陈独秀、彭述之、尹宽、马玉夫、杜培之等。总书记陈独秀，秘书长陈季严（后为何资深）。1930年3月1日创办《无产者》机关刊物。因此该组织被称为“无产者社”。
1931年5月1日－3日，在陈独秀的号召下，无产者社与中国布尔什维克列宁主义反对派、十月社、战斗社等4个托派组织在上海召开统一大会，合并为“中国共产主义同盟”，陈独秀出任总书记。
参考文献
中华民国大陆时期政党
中国的托洛茨基主义政党
陈独秀
上海民国时期政治组织
1929年中國建立
1929年建立的政治组织
1931年中國廢除
1931年废除的政治组织
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Lua（，葡萄牙语“月亮”）是一个简洁、轻量、可扩展的脚本语言。Lua有着相对简单的C语言API而很容易嵌入应用中。很多应用程序使用Lua作为自己的嵌入式脚本语言，以此来实现可配置性、可扩展性。
历史
Lua是在1993年由罗伯托·耶鲁萨林斯希、Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo和Waldemar Celes创建的，他们当时是巴西的里约热内卢天主教大学的计算机图形技术组（Tecgraf）成员。Lua的先驱是数据描述/配置语言“SOL”（简单对象语言）和“DEL”（数据录入语言）。他们于1992年–1993年在Tecgraf独立开发了需要增加灵活性的两个不同项目（都是用于工程应用的交互式图形程序）。在SOL和DEL中缺乏很多控制流结构，需要向它们增加完全的编程能力。
在《The Evolution of Lua》中，这门语言的作者写道：
Lua主要受到了下列前辈语言的影响：
Modula-2：从中引入了大部份控制结构，if、while、repeat/until。
CLU：多赋值和从函数调用的多个返回值，这是对引用参数或显式指针的更简单的替代。
C++：“允许局部变量只在需要的地方声明的灵巧想法”。
SNOBOL和AWK：关联数组。
LISP和Scheme：在发表于《》的文章中，Lua的创立者还声称，有着单一且无所不在的数据结构机制（列表）的LISP和Scheme，对他们决定将表格开发为Lua的主要数据结构起到了主要影响。Lua的语义久而久之日趋受到Scheme的影响，特别是介入了匿名函数和完全的词法作用域。
Lua在版本5.0之前在类似BSD许可证之下发行。自从版本5.0以来，Lua采用了MIT许可证。
特性
Lua是一种轻量语言，它的官方版本只包括一个精简的核心和最基本的库。这使得Lua体积小、启动速度快。它用ANSI C语言编写，并以源代码形式开放，编译后的完整参考解释器只有大约247kB，到5.4.3版本，该体积变成283kB（Linux,amd64），依然非常小巧，可以很方便的嵌入别的程式裡。和许多“大而全”的语言不一样，網路通訊、图形界面等都没有預設提供。但是Lua可以很容易地被扩展：由宿主语言（通常是C或C++）提供这些功能，Lua可以使用它们，就像是本来就内置的功能一样。事实上，现在已经有很多成熟的扩展模块可供选用。
Lua是一个动态类型语言，支援增量式垃圾收集策略。有内建的，与操作系统无关的协作式多线程支援。Lua原生支援的数据类型很少，只提供了数值（默认是双精度浮点数，可配置）、布尔量、字符串、表格、函数、线程以及用户自定义数据这几种。但是其处理表和字符串的效率非常之高，加上元表的支援，开发者可以高效的模拟出需要的复杂数据类型（比如集合、数组等）。
语法和语义
Lua是一种多重编程范型的程式设计语言：它只提供了很小的一个特性集合来满足不同编程范型的需要，而不是为某种特定的编程范型提供繁杂的特性支援。例如，Lua并不提供继承这个特性，但是你可以用元表格来模拟它。诸如命名空间、类这些概念都没有在语言基本特性中实现，但是我们可以用表格结构（Lua唯一提供的复杂数据结构）轻易模拟。正是提供了这些基本的元特性，我们可以任意的对语言进行自需的改造。
Lua实现了少量的高级特征比如头等函数、垃圾回收、闭包、正当尾调用、强制（于运行时间在字符串和数值之间自动转换）、协程（协作多任务）和动态模块装载。
词法
经典的Hello World!程序可以写为如下：
print("Hello World!")
或者如下：
print 'Hello World'
print [[Hello World]]
在Lua中注释可以于双连字符并行至此行的结束，类似于Ada、Eiffel、Haskell、SQL和VHDL。多行字符串和注释用双方括号来装饰。
下例中实现了一个阶乘函数：
function factorial(n)
local x = 1
for i = 2, n do
x = x * i
end
return x
end
控制流
Lua有四种类型的循环：while循环，repeat循环（类似于do while循环），数值for循环，和通用for循环，和条件语句if exp then ... {elseif exp then ...} [else ...] end。
--condition = true
while condition do
--statements
end
repeat
--statements
until condition
for i = first, last, delta do --delta可以是负数，允许计数增加或减少的循环
--statements
--example: print(i)
end
通用for循环：
for key, value in pairs(_G) do
print(key, value)
end
将在表格_G上使用标准迭代器函数pairs进行迭代，直到它返回nil。
可以有嵌套的循环，就是在其他循环中的循环。
local grid = {
{ 11, 12, 13 },
{ 21, 22, 23 },
{ 31, 32, 33 }
}
for y, row in ipairs(grid) do
for x, value in ipairs(row) do
print(x, y, grid[y][x])
end
end
函数
Lua将函数处理为头等值，在下例子中用print函数的表现可以修改来展示：
do
local oldprint = print
-- 存储当前的print函数为oldprint
function print(s)
--[[重新定义print函数。新函数只有一个实际参数。
平常的print函数仍可以通过oldprint使用。]]
oldprint(s == "foo" and "bar" or s)
end
end
任何对print的进一步调用都要经由新函数，并且由于Lua的词法作用域，这个旧的print函数将只能被这个新的修改了的print访问到。
Lua还支持闭包，展示如下：
function addto(x)
-- 返回一个把实际参数加到x上
return function(y)
--[=[ 在我们引用变量x的时候，它在当前作用域的外部，
它的生命期会比这个匿名函数短，Lua建立一个闭包。]=]
return x + y
end
end
fourplus = addto(4)
print(fourplus(3)) -- 打印7
--这也可以通过如下方式调用这个函数来完成：
print(addto(4)(3))
--[[这是因为这直接用视件参数3调用了从addto(4)返回的函数。
如果经常这么调用的话会减少数据消耗并提升性能。]]
每次调用的时候为变量x建立新的闭包，所以返回的每个新匿名函数都访问它自己的x参数。闭包由Lua的垃圾收集器来管理，如同任何其他对象一样。
function create_a_counter()
local count = 0
return function()
count = count + 1
return count
end
end
create_a_counter()會返回一個匿名函数，這個匿名函數會把count加1後再回傳。在匿名函數中的變數count的值會一直被保存在匿名函數中。因此调用create_a_counter()时产生一个记数器函数，每次调用记数器函数，都会得到一个比上次大1的值。
变量类型
Lua是一种动态类型语言，因此语言中没有类型的定义，不需要声明变量类型，每个变量自己保存了类型。
有8种基本类型：nil、布尔值（boolean）、数-{}-字型（number）、字符串型（string）、用户自定义类型（userdata）、函数（function）、线程（thread）和表（table）。
print(type(nil)) -- 输出 nil
print(type(99.7+12*9)) -- 输出 number
print(type(true)) -- 输出 boolean
print(type("Hello Wikipedia")) -- 输出 string
print(type(print)) -- 输出 function
print(type({1, 2, test = "test"})) -- 输出 table
表格
表格（table）是Lua中最重要的数据结构（并且是设计中唯一内建的复合数据类型），并且是所有用户创建类型的基础。它们是增加了自动数值键和特殊语法的关联数组。
表格是键和数据的有序对的搜集，其中的数据用键来引用；换句话说，它是散列异构关联数组。
表格使用{}构造器语法来创建。
a_table = {} -- 建立一个新的空表格
表格总是用引用来传递的（参见传共享调用）。
键（索引）可以是除了nil和NaN的任何值，包括函数。
a_table = {x = 10} -- 建立一个新表格，具有映射"x"到数10的一个表项。
print(a_table["x"]) -- 打印于这个字符串关联的值，这里是10。
b_table = a_table
b_table["x"] = 20 -- 在表格中的值变更为20。
print(b_table["x"]) -- 打印20。
print(a_table["x"]) -- 还是打印20，因为a_table和b_table都引用相同的表格。
通过使用字符串作为键，表格经常用作（或记录）。由于这种用法太常见，Lua为访问这种字段提供了特殊语法。
point = { x = 10, y = 20 } -- 建立一个新表格
print(point["x"]) -- 打印10
print(point.x) -- 同上一行完全相同含义。易读的点只是语法糖。
通过使用表格来存储有关函数，它可以充当名字空间。
Point = {}
Point.new = function(x, y)
return {x = x, y = y} -- return {["x"] = x, ["y"] = y}
end
Point.set_x = function(point, x)
point.x = x -- point["x"] = x;
end
表格被自动的赋予了数值键，使得它们可以被用作。第一个自动索引是1而非0，因为很多其他编程语言都这样（尽管显式的索引0是允许的）。
数值键1不同于字符串键"1"。
array = { "a", "b", "c", "d" } -- 索引被自动赋予。
print(array[2]) -- 打印"b"。在Lua中自动索引开始于1。
print(#array) -- 打印4。#是表格和字符串的长度算符。
array[0] = "z" -- 0是合法索引。
print(#array) -- 仍打印4，因为Lua数组是基于1的。
表格的长度t被定义为任何整数索引n，使得t[n]不是nil而t[n+1]是nil；而且如果t[1]是nil， n可以是0。对于一个正规表格，具有非nil值从1到给定n，它的长度就精确的是n，它的最后的值的索引。如果这个数组有“洞”（就是说在其他非nil值之间的nil值），则#t可以是直接前导于nil值的任何一个索引（就是说可以把任何这种nil值当作数组的结束）。
ExampleTable =
{
{1, 2, 3, 4},
{5, 6, 7, 8}
}
print(ExampleTable[1][3]) -- 打印"3"
print(ExampleTable[2][4]) -- 打印"8"
表格可以是对象的数组。
function Point(x, y) -- "Point"对象构造器
return { x = x, y = y } -- 建立并返回新对象（表格）
end
array = { Point(10, 20), Point(30, 40), Point(50, 60) } -- 建立point的数组
-- array = { { x = 10, y = 20 }, { x = 30, y = 40 }, { x = 50, y = 60 } };
print(array[2].y) -- 打印40
使用散列映射来模拟数组通常比使用真正数组要慢；但Lua表格为用作数组而做了优化来避免这个问题。
元表格
可扩展的语义是Lua的关键特征，而“元表格”概念允许以强力方式来定制Lua的表格。下列例子展示了一个“无限”表格。对于任何n，fibs[n]会给出第n个斐波那契数，使用了动态规划和记忆化。
fibs = { 1, 1 } -- 给fibs[1]和fibs[2]初始值。
setmetatable(fibs, {
__index = function(values, n) --[[__index是Lua预定义的函数，
如果"n"不存在则调用它。]]
values[n] = values[n - 1] + values[n - 2] -- 计算并记忆化fibs[n]。
return values[n]
end
})
面向对象编程
尽管Lua没有内建的类的概念，可以用过两个语言特征实现面向对象编程：头等函数和表格。通过放置函数和有关数据入表格，形成一个对象。继承（单继承和多重继承二者）可以通过使用元表格机制来实现，告诉这个对象在哪些父对象中查找不存在的方法。
对于这些技术不采用“类”的概念，而是采用原型，类似于Self或JavaScript。建立新对象要么通过工厂方法（从头构造一个新对象），要么通过复制现存的对象。
建立一个基本的向量对象：
local Vector = {}
Vector.__index = Vector
function Vector:new(x, y, z) -- 构造器
return setmetatable({x = x, y = y, z = z}, Vector)
end
function Vector:magnitude() -- 另一个方法
-- 使用self引用隐蔽的对象
return math.sqrt(self.x^2 + self.y^2 + self.z^2)
end
local vec = Vector:new(0, 1, 0) -- 建立一个向量
print(vec:magnitude()) -- 调用一个方法 (输出: 1)
print(vec.x) -- 访问一个成员变量 (输出: 0)
Lua为便利对象定向提供了一些语法糖。要声明在原型表格内的成员函数，可以使用，它等价于。调用类方法也使用冒号，等价于。
下面是使用语法糖的对应的类：
local Vector = {}
Vector.__index = Vector
function Vector:new(x, y, z) -- 构造子
-- 因为函数定义使用冒号，
-- 其第一个实际参数是"self"
-- 它引用到"Vector"
return setmetatable({x = x, y = y, z = z}, self)
end
function Vector:magnitude() -- 另一个方法
-- 使用self引用隐含的对象
return math.sqrt(self.x^2 + self.y^2 + self.z^2)
end
local vec = Vector:new(0, 1, 0) -- 建立一个向量
print(vec:magnitude()) -- 调用方法（输出：1）
print(vec.x) -- 访问成员变量（输出：0）
继承
Lua支持使用元表格来使得Lua具有类继承。在这个例子中，我们允许向量在派生的类中将它们的值乘以一个常量：
local Vector = {}
Vector.__index = Vector
function Vector:new(x, y, z) -- 构造子
-- 这里的self引用到我们调用"new"方法的任何类
-- 在派生的类中，self将是派生的类；
-- 在Vector类中，self将是Vector。
return setmetatable({x = x, y = y, z = z}, self)
end
function Vector:magnitude() -- 另一个方法
-- 使用self引用隐含的对象
return math.sqrt(self.x^2 + self.y^2 + self.z^2)
end
-- 类继承的例子
local VectorMult = {}
VectorMult.__index = VectorMult
setmetatable(VectorMult, Vector) -- 使得VectorMult成为Vector的孩子
function VectorMult:multiply(value)
self.x = self.x * value
self.y = self.y * value
self.z = self.z * value
return self
end
local vec = VectorMult:new(0, 1, 0) -- 建立一个向量
print(vec:magnitude()) -- 调用一个方法（输出：1）
print(vec.y) -- 访问一个成员变量（输出：1）
vec:multiply(2) -- 将向量的所有分量乘以2
print(vec.y) -- 再次访问成员变量（输出：2）
Lua还支持多重继承，可以要么是一个函数要么是一个表格。运算符重载也可以进行，Lua元表格拥有元素比如、，诸如此类。
实现
Lua程序不是从文本式的Lua文件直接解释的，而是编译成字节码，接着把它运行在Lua虚拟机上。编译过程典型的对于用户是不可见并且是在运行时间进行的，但是它可以离线完成用来增加装载性能或通过排除编译器来减少对宿主环境的内存占用。Lua字节码还可以在Lua之内产生和执行，使用来自字符串库的dump函数和load/loadstring/loadfile函数。Lua版本5.3.4是用大约24,000行C代码实现的。
像大多数CPU，而不像多数虚拟机（它们是基于堆栈的），Lua VM是基于寄存器的，因此更加类似真实的硬件设计。寄存器架构既避免了过多的值复制又减少了每函数的指令的总数。Lua 5的虚拟机是第一个广泛使用的基于寄存器的纯VM。Parrot和Android的Dalvik是另外两个周知的基于寄存器的VM。PCScheme的VM也是基于寄存器的。
下面的例子列出上面定义的阶乘函数的字节码（通过luac 5.1编译器来展示）：
function <factorial.lua:1,7> (9 instructions, 36 bytes at 0x8063c60)
1 param, 6 slots, 0 upvalues, 6 locals, 2 constants, 0 functions
1 [2] LOADK 1 -1 ; 1
2 [3] LOADK 2 -2 ; 2
3 [3] MOVE 3 0
4 [3] LOADK 4 -1 ; 1
5 [3] FORPREP 2 1 ; to 7
6 [4] MUL 1 1 5
7 [3] FORLOOP 2 -2 ; to 6
8 [6] RETURN 1 2
9 [7] RETURN 0 1
C API
Lua意图被嵌入到其他应用之中，为了这个目的而提供了C API。API被分成两部份：Lua核心库和辅助库。Lua API的设计消除了对用C代码的手动引用管理的需要，不同于Python的API。API就像语言本身一样是极简主义的。高级功能通过辅助库来提供，它们很大程度上构成自预处理器宏，用以帮助做复杂的表格操作。
Lua C API是基于堆栈的。Lua提供压入和弹出最简单C数据类型（整数、浮点数等）进入和离开堆栈的函数，还有通过堆栈操作表格的函数。Lua堆栈稍微不同于传统堆栈，例如堆栈可以直接的被索引。负数索引指示从栈顶开始往下的偏移量。例如−1是在顶部的（最新进压入的值），而整数索引指示从底部（最旧的值）往上的偏移量。在C和Lua函数之间集结数据也使用堆栈完成。要调用一个Lua函数，把实际参数压入堆栈，并接着使用lua_call来调用实际的函数。在写从Lua直接调用的C函数的时候，实际参数读取自堆栈。
下面是从C调用Lua函数的例子:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <lua.h> // Lua主要库 (lua_*)
#include <lauxlib.h> // Lua辅助库 (luaL_*)
int main(void)
{
// 建立一个Lua状态
lua_State *L = luaL_newstate();
// 装载并执行一个字符串
if (luaL_dostring(L, "function foo (x,y) return x+y end")) {
lua_close(L);
return -1;
}
// 压入全局"foo"（上面定义的函数）的值
// 到堆栈，跟随着整数5和3
lua_getglobal(L, "foo");
lua_pushinteger(L, 5);
lua_pushinteger(L, 3);
lua_call(L, 2, 1); // 调用有二个实际参数和一个返回值的函数
printf("Result: %d\n", lua_tointeger(L, -1)); // 打印在栈顶的项目的整数值
lua_pop(L, 1); // 返回堆栈至最初状态
lua_close(L); // 关闭Lua状态
return 0;
}
如下这样运行这个例子：
$ cc -o example example.c -llua
$ ./example
Result: 8
C API还提供一些特殊表格，位于各种Lua堆栈中的“伪索引”之上。Lua 5.2之前，在LUA_GLOBALSINDEX之上是全局表格；_G来自Lua内部，它是主名字空间。还有一个注册表位于LUA_REGISTRYINDEX，在这里C程序可以存储Lua值用于以后检索。
还可以使用Lua API写扩展模块。扩展模块是通过向Lua脚本提供本地设施，用来扩展解释器的功能的共享对象。从Lua方面看来，这种模块出现为一个名字空间表格，它持有自己的函数和变量。Lua脚本可以使用require装载扩展模块，就像用Lua自身写的模块一样。一组仍在增长中的叫做“rock”的模块可以通过叫做的软件包管理器获取到，类似于CPAN、RubyGems和。对大多数流行的编程语言包括其他脚本语言，都存在预先写好的Lua绑定。对于C++，有许多基于模板的方式和一些自动绑定生成器。
应用
在视频游戏开发中，Lua被程序员广泛的用作脚本语言，主要由于它的可感知到的易于嵌入、快速执行，和短学习曲线。
在2003年，GameDev.net组织的一次投票，说明了Lua是游戏编程的最流行脚本语言。在2012年1月12日，Lua被《》宣布为编程工具范畴的Front Line奖2011年度获奖者。
大量非游戏应用也出于可扩展性而使用Lua，比如TeX排版设置语言实现LuaTeX、键-值数据库Redis、文本编辑器Neovim和web服务器Nginx。
通过Scribunto扩展，Lua可获得为MediaWiki软件中的服务器端脚本语言，Wikipedia和其他wiki都基于了它。它的应用包括允许从Wikidata集成数据到文章中，和助力于。
Lua可以用於嵌入式硬體，不僅可以嵌入其他編程語言，而且可以嵌入微處理器中，例如NodeMCU開源硬體項目將Lua嵌入到Wi-Fi SoC中，另外，遊戲平台Roblox所有遊戲都是利用Lua進行編程的。另外, 还有中国大陸发起的开源LuatOS项目，也是将Lua应用到嵌入式领域，但不仅限于Wifi，它包含2G/4G/NBIOT等通信模块，也包含stm32/w800等嵌入式mcu，同时也支持在windows/linux平台上执行的模拟器。
编译成Lua的语言
Moonscript，是动态、空白敏感的脚本语言，它受到CoffeeScript的启发，编译成Lua。
Haxe，支持编译成Lua目标，支持Lua 5.1-5.3还有LuaJIT 2.0和2.1。
Fennel，目标为Lua的Lisp方言。
Urn，建造在Lua之上的Lisp方言。
Amulet，类ML的函数式语言，其编译器输出Lua文件。
参考资料
延伸阅读
(The 1st ed. is available online .)
Chapters 6 and 7 are dedicated to Lua, while others look at software in Brazil more broadly.
Interview with Roberto Ierusalimschy.
How the embeddability of Lua impacted its design.
Lua papers and theses
外部链接
Lua Users , 用户社区
程序设计语言
基于原型的编程语言
使用MIT许可证的软件
C软件
用C编程的自由软件
巴西发明
1993年建立的程式語言
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Jovana Gjorjioska (; born 10 December 2000) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a defender for 1. liga club ŽFK Despina Prilep and the North Macedonia women's national team.
References
2000 births
Living people
Women's association football defenders
Macedonian women's footballers
North Macedonia women's international footballers
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朱大鏞，字平軒，四川省重慶府璧山縣獅子場新勝村人，廩生，日本明治大學畢業，法政科進士。
其子朱顯禎曾任川康綏靖公署任軍法處長、四川大學法律系主任兼教務長、代理四川大學校長、廣東大學法律系主任。曾任國民議會代表，中央大學、北京朝陽大學教授。
簡歷
光緒年間，先後就讀於壁山縣城「重璧書院」、成都四川高等學堂。
光緒三十三年（1907年）4月12日，日本明治大學高等預科入學。
光緒三十四年（1908年）7月30日，高等預科修完後於9月12日法學部入學。
宣統三年（1911年）7月12日，日本明治大學第五十六回法科大學卒業並獲優等生。
宣統三年（1911年）九月，經學部驗看考試列最優等，賞給法政科進士。
民國元年（1912年）2月1日，高等審判廳川東上訴審判處處長。共和黨四川支部主要領導人。
民國二年（1913年）3月2日，被選任四川省議會副議長。秋，被選為四川省議會議長，惟未被國務院承認。
民國十三年（1924年），川軍將領鄧錫侯任四川省長，聘朱大鏞任顧問兼省公署秘書長。
民國十五年（1926年），北伐時期，任鄧錫侯部國民革命軍二十八軍軍法處處長，少將銜。不久患中風疾病。
民國二十年（1931年），從成都歸故里璧山閒居養病。
民國二十一年（1932年），曾擔任民國第三次壁山縣誌「修志局」局長。
民國三十五年（1946年）病故，終年60餘歲。
註釋
璧山人
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No 73, later retitled 7T3, is a British 1980s children's TV show produced by Television South (TVS) for the ITV network. It was broadcast live on Saturday mornings and ran from 1982 to 1988. The show had an ensemble cast amongst others, Sandi Toksvig, Neil Buchanan, Patrick Doyle, Andrea Arnold, Kim Goody and Kate Copstick.
When Television South won the contract to provide ITV coverage for the South of England in 1980, the first thing they set up was a children's department. A team put together with a background in theatre and drama, soon decided to produce a Saturday morning show that differed from the usual Tiswas and Saturday Superstore formula: This show would feature actors in character as hosts, performing their own comedic storyline around the usual guests, music videos, competitions and cartoons. Much of the show was improvised and a whole week of rehearsals plus an extensive dress rehearsal on Friday preceded each live broadcast on Saturday morning.
Series
First series: January–February 1982
No 73 opened its door to the public for the first time on 2 January 1982 at 11am, but only as a regional programme in the South and South East of England (much of the ITV network continued to carry Tiswas). Ethel Davis (Sandi Toksvig), an eccentric old lady who progressively got younger as the show went on, owned the place. Harry Stern (Nick Staverson) was introduced as her bumbling nephew. Dawn Lodge (Andrea Arnold), the roller-boot-wearing female lodger, quickly became the go-to person for the animal spot with international vet David Taylor. Most eccentric of all, Patrick Doyle appeared as Percy Simmonds, inventor and love interest to Ethel. Each episode ended with Ethel hosting the ("daring, dazzling, death-defyingly dull, devastatingly dangerous, delectable, delicatestible, divinely decadent") Sandwich Quiz, a madcap-general knowledge game pitting two of that week's guests against each other.
Second series: June - August 1982
The show returned on 5 June 1982, still being broadcast from Southampton studios and only shown to TVS viewers. Neil Buchanan had unofficially joined the cast as the resident caricaturist and another major cast member, Kim Goody, first appeared this season performing at the TVS theatre in Gillingham, where Percy held a job as handyman. Neighbours Martin and Hazel Edwards (Richard Addison and Jeannie Crowther) from No 75 also started to figure into the storyline, usually with Martin being at odds with Ethel.
Third series: April–August 1983
Now broadcast across all the ITV regions, except TSW, the production moved to TVS's new Maidstone studios, changing postcodes (though the house remained the same) and Percy was now supposed to be his own Scottish cousin Alec, enabling Patrick Doyle to speak with his own accent. This did not stop him from leaving at the end of this series. In this series, Sandi and the resident inventor, Tony English, created the Hover Cupboard and later tested it out at sea travelling from Southampton to Cowes on the Isle of Wight.
Fourth series: Summer 1984
New regular visitors (i.e. cast members) included Fred the Postman (Tony Aitken) – who had a thing for Ethel for a while, Tony Deal (Nick Wilton) – the local confidence trickster always trying to sell Ethel everything and anything, and Eazi Target (Tony Hippolyte) – Ethel's friend from her days at the paper. With Colin Daly holding his Supersleuth competition over several episodes dressed like Sherlock Holmes, there was certainly no shortage of silly-looking characters around. Meanwhile, Dawn had her rollerboots spraypainted by Paul King (as per King's music video "Love and Pride").
Fifth series: February–July 1985
Ethel started running a Bed and Breakfast in this series and held the memorable matchbox competition to see who could cram the most objects into one tiny matchbox (the winner somehow managed to fit in 73 items). While Fred and Eazi left the series after failing to start a radiostation in the backyard shed (aptly named "Radio Shed"), Ethel fell in love with her most unlikely suitor yet, bank manager Frederick Crossfield (Michael Maynard). The courtship lasted two episodes, with the series finale leading up to the wedding and a cliffhanger.
All the cast members (save Maynard) got the chance to act out countless different characters in three different pun-laden serials, produced by "Front Door productions"
Sixth series: January–April 1986
It turned out the wedding was cancelled by mutual agreement at the very last moment. With the failure of a show called "TX", No 73 returned a month earlier than planned. There was no new 'Front Door Production', instead Neil and Kim held a treasure hunt across three counties to win the spare 'box room'. Kim won, but ended up sharing the room with Dawn, while Neil bunked up with Harry. By the end of the series the two rivals had fallen in love. Tony Deal appeared in two memorable episodes, first on the run from the police and then trying to lure the guest to No 75 with Martin Edwards, but disappeared by the end of the series.
Seventh series: September 1986 – April 1987
The show was rescheduled to the winter season, with the location bound Saturday morning show Get Fresh taking over summer duties. It was revealed in passing that Ethel had emigrated to Australia to live with her cousin, leaving Harry, Dawn, Neil and Kim collectively in charge. The Sandwich Quiz was replaced by the 'Duster Muster', the winner of which got to clean the house on Saturday afternoon. There was also a new serial, spoofing The A-Team, called 'The Z-Team'. Former member of Copy Cats Andrew O'Connor moved in, while Scottish housekeeper Maisie McConachie (Kate Copstick) became the new resident klutz. Martin introduced his nephew Geoffrey (Nicolas Barnes), but none of these three stuck around for the next series. At the end of November the gang started introducing a line-up of children's programmes on Sunday morning, which developed into "Sunday at 73" by January. This was a shorter, less elaborate version of the show, with fewer guests and more breaks for cartoon. The new and evil landlord, J.C. Birch (Bill Steward) started threatening to demolish not only No 73, but the entire neighbourhood and replace them with luxury flats. Despite the emergence of Rob 'The Builder' Debenham who came in to help put the house back in order it started to crumble down around its inhabitants. The series finale had Rob 'The Builder' Debenham crashing through the bathroom floor into the lounge and Martin Edwards losing his mind. Both Martin and Hazel left the series at this point. Rob Debenham remained to help create the 7T3 park that the house moved to in the next series.
On 7 March 1987, the day after the sinking of the Herald of Free Enterprise, when breaking off for a news report on the disaster, a humorous caption read "sea you later", unwittingly giving the impression of callousness.
Eighth series: September 1987 – March 1988 (as 7T3 from January 1988)
More new characters seemed to join the household each week, including Julian Callaghan, American Nadia de Lemeny and Rob 'the builder' Debenham who played an out of work actor making extra money by moonlighting as a builder. There's no connection between this Rob 'The builder' and subsequent Bob the builder TV series. The eccentric Hamilton Dent (Richard Waites) moved into No 75. Harry premiered his latest and last film epic, "From Flusher with love". J.C. Birch finally saw fit to tear down the entire street and build a Wild West theme park in January, and from then on the show was called "7T3". This development saw the entire cast move into a Western saloon, with the numbers 7 and 3 painted on each saloon door, and a brass fixtures forming the shape of a 'T' when closed, hence the new title, and had them run around a mock Western town (in winter) with the same musical guests and dancers. It only lasted until March 1988. The next September saw the premiere of a more traditional Saturday morning show called Motormouth; presenters included Tony Gregory, Neil Buchanan, Gaby Roslin and Caroline Hanson as well as using part of the 7T3 set.
Front Door Productions
Front Door Productions was a fictional production company located in Maidstone, Kent and founded by Ethel Davis (Sandi Toksvig) in January 1985 to produce serials in five to six parts starring herself and all the regulars from the Saturday morning children's variety programme No 73. Local shop keeper Mr Pattels gave the residents of No 73 a special offer on developing their Super 8 home movies, and even went to the trouble of editing the scenes together. Ethel and the rest made all the costumes, built all the sets and played every part.
In reality of course, TVS Television provided the sets and costumes, while Sandi Toksvig and Nick Symons wrote the pun-infested scripts. The regulars did play every part though. There were five major Front Door Productions, all of which can only be described as 'spoofs'. Broadcast as part of No 73s Saturday morning line-up, the 1985 season featured three in a row, while the two following years only had one each.
"The Sands Of Thyme"
This first production starred Ethel (Sandi Toksvig), Harry (Nick Staverson), Dawn (Andrea Arnold) and Percy (Patrick Doyle) in an epic set in 15c England (but filmed in Hever Castle, Kent). Between the four of them they played up to 34 different parts. Originally broadcast as 3 x 10 minute episodes.
"How many for dinner?"
Having missed out of the first production, four other prominent members of the revolving No 73 cast got a 1920s murder mystery of their own, inspired by, if not exactly written by Agatha Christie. Kim (Kim Goody), Martin (Richard Addison), Hazel (Jeannie Crowther) and Fred (Tony Aitken) divided all speaking parts between them, though they started off with considerably fewer characters than the Roman production, and the cast-list predictably grew slimmer by the episode.
"The Three Musketeers"
(1 June 1985 – 29 June 1985) An extremely loose adaptation of the Alexandre Dumas novel, Ethel, Tony Deal (Nick Wilton) and Eazi (Tony Hippolyte) starred as the titular musketeers, Athos, Bathos and Pathos as well as every other character (though some of the horses were not portrayed by them).
This five-parter was shown over the last five episodes of the fifth series, and with three serials to one series, every cast member got a chance to show his or her versatility (and almost all of them had to play different sexes at one point or another).
"The Z-Team"
(20 September 1986 – 25 October 1986) Convicted as toddlers of a crime they did not commit, Corporal Tom "Cannibal" Stiff (Neil), Dimpleton 'Skates' Wreck (Dawn), Marginally Mental Murky (Kim) and Mr. P as B.A. Brat (Harry) are still on the run from the Parks Department. Police 5's Shaw Taylor appeared in the first and last chapter as kidnap victim of the evil Pirates (also played by Neil, Dawn, Kim and Harry). Both teams were hunted (for different reasons) by Agent Perkus (Martin) and social worker Mrs Goose (Hazel). In the finale it was revealed that Perkus and Goose were actually the parents of both the Z-Team and the Pirates.
"From Flusher with love"
(3 October 1987 – 7 November 1987) Written and directed by Harry and starring Dawn as a female spy called Janice Bond (agent 0073). This Bond took her orders from 'Erm' as opposed to 'M', who had a male secretary called Spendapenny. Gadgets were provided by 'Cue'. A love interest was provided in the form of American counterpart Aaron Dreck. Harry himself appeared as Tony Toogood.
References
External links
No. 73 on Paul Morris' SatKids
No 73 on the BFI Film & TV Database
Sites.google.com
ITV children's television shows
1980s British children's television series
1982 British television series debuts
1988 British television series endings
Television shows produced by Television South (TVS)
English-language television shows
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Gyula Kertész (also known as Julius Kertész; 29 February 1888 – 1 May 1982) was a Hungarian international footballer who played as a winger alongside his two brothers, Vilmos and Adolf. Kertész was born in Kálnica in what was then Hungary, and was Jewish.
Playing career
Kertész played club football for MTK Budapest in 1906–07 to 1911–12. He also played international football for Hungary, where he earned one cap against Austria in 1912.
In 1911, to supplement his income, along with fellow MTK player Izidor Kürschner he set up a photographic studio.
Coaching career
Kertész coached several clubs in Germany, such as Union Altona (1921–1924) and Victoria Hamburg (1924–1928), and in other countries including France and Scandinavia during the 1920s. He managed Swiss side FC Basel between 1928 and 1930. In January 1931 he took over at Hamburger SV, where he successfully revamped the team, adding Rudolf Noack and other promising new players until he was appointed by VfB Leipzig in the summer of 1932. After his contract had been dissolved by mutual agreement in May 1933, Kertész left Germany and emigrated to the United States.
In the US, he worked in the record industry. His son, who called himself George Curtiss, was a leading manager at Remington Records.
See also
List of Jewish footballers
References
1888 births
1982 deaths
Hungarian Jews
People from Nové Mesto nad Váhom District
Footballers from the Trenčín Region
Hungarian men's footballers
Jewish men's footballers
Footballers from Budapest
Men's association football wingers
Hungary men's international footballers
SC Victoria Hamburg managers
MTK Budapest FC players
FC Basel managers
Hungarian football managers
Hamburger SV managers
1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig managers
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Hungarian emigrants to the United States
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Renaud van Ruymbeke (born 19 August 1952) is an investigative magistrate, well known for specializing in political and financial corruption cases. He investigated the French-Taiwan Frigates Affair, which was related to the Clearstream, and the Urba Affair.
Bibliography
Renaud van Ruymbeke, Le Juge d'instruction, Presses Universitaires de France, coll. « Que sais-je ? », 1988.
Denis Robert, La justice ou le chaos, Stock, 1996. Interviews and portrait of seven anti-corruption judges: Bernard Bertossa, Edmondo Bruti Liberati, Gherardo Colombo, Benoît Dejemeppe, Baltasar Garzon Real, Carlos Jimenez Villarejo, Renaud Van Ruymbeke
9 May 2001 op-ed in Le Monde titled "The black box of financial globalization" with Bernard Bertossa, attorney general in Geneva, Benoît Dejemeppe, king's attorney in Bruxelles (procureur du roi), Eva Joly, judge (juge d'instruction) in Paris, and Jean de Maillard, magistrate in Blois, about the Clearstream scandal, available here.
See also
fr:Affaire Urba
Clearstream
1952 births
Living people
Lycée Lakanal alumni
People from Neuilly-sur-Seine
21st-century French judges
French people of Flemish descent
20th-century French judges
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脸上长了痘痘怎么治？一旦小孩子经过了一段时间地发育以及成长，其很快就会进入青春期了。而对处于青春期的青少年们来说，其比较显著的特征就是其脸上长满了痘痘的不良反应症状，而这是一件非常正常的事情，只要其不用手去抓破痘痘的话，其痘痘久而久之就会消失了。否则，会在其脸上留下那些令人讨厌的痘印或者是痘坑的现象。日常生活中，其中不缺乏那些总是喜欢吃辛辣油炸食物的人。而辛辣油炸的食物又是那些比较上火的食物，很容易地会使脸上长满了痘痘的表现症状。身边总是会看到那么一些人总是看手机或者是打游戏到三更半夜都不睡觉。然而，长期以往地下去会很容易地导致其脸上会长有痘痘的不良反应症状。一旦人体内存在非常大的压力的话，就会使得其内分泌系统出现紊乱的不良反应症状，进而就会影响到其进行正常的消化作用的速率，从而就会导致其脸上长满了痘痘。如果想有效的祛除脸上的痘痘应该；1、多吃一些蔬菜水果之类的食物。如苹果、青菜、黄瓜、雪梨、橘子、柑橘、柚子、葡萄、西瓜、椰子、哈密瓜、芹菜、洋葱、西红柿、西兰花以及圣女果等这些蔬菜水果之类的食物，可以有效地缓解脸上的痘痘。因为在这些蔬菜水果之类的食物之中，含有大量丰富的维生素，可以有效地祛除脸上的痘痘。2、多擦涂一些芦荟汁。芦荟汁是可以起到祛除痘痘的作用与效果。3、多喝一些清热解毒的茶水。脸上长有痘痘的人，绝大多数都是由于上火而导致的。而多喝一些清热解毒的茶，如菊花茶、茉莉花茶、金银花茶以及花茶等，都是可以起到清热解毒的效果，进而起到祛除痘痘的作用。
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HD 88206 is a star in the southern constellation of Vela. It has the Bayer designation Q Velorum and the Gould designation 186G Velorum; HD 88206 is the identifier from the Henry Draper catalogue. The star has a blue-white hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.85.
Parallax measurements provide a distance estimate of approximately 1,220 light years from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +14 km/s. Although a young star and positioned in the general vicinity of the Scorpius–Centaurus association, it is most likely not a member.
This massive star has a stellar classification of B3III/IV, which suggests it is entering the giant stage of its evolution. It is 24 million years old with 9 times the mass of the Sun and about 4.5 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 9,580 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of about 17,900 K.
References
B-type subgiants
Vela (constellation)
Velorum, Q
Durchmusterung objects
088206
049712
3990
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脑震宁颗粒的用法用量？注意：同种药品可由于不同的包装规格有不同的用法或用量。本文只供参考。如果不确定，请参看药品随带的说明书或向医生询问。口服：一次2-3粒，一日2-3次。
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Modern valence bond theory is the application of valence bond theory (VBT) with computer programs that are competitive in accuracy and economy with programs for the Hartree–Fock or post-Hartree-Fock methods. The latter methods dominated quantum chemistry from the advent of digital computers because they were easier to program. The early popularity of valence bond methods thus declined. It is only recently that the programming of valence bond methods has improved. These developments are due to and described by Gerratt, Cooper, Karadakov and Raimondi (1997); Li and McWeeny (2002); Joop H. van Lenthe and co-workers (2002); Song, Mo, Zhang and Wu (2005); and Shaik and Hiberty (2004)
While molecular orbital theory (MOT) describes the electronic wavefunction as a linear combination of basis functions that are centered on the various atoms in a species (linear combination of atomic orbitals), VBT describes the electronic wavefunction as a linear combination of several valence bond structures. Each of these valence bond structures can be described using linear combinations of either atomic orbitals, delocalized atomic orbitals (Coulson-Fischer theory), or even molecular orbital fragments. Although this is often overlooked, MOT and VBT are equally valid ways of describing the electronic wavefunction, and are actually related by a unitary transformation. Assuming MOT and VBT are applied at the same level of theory, this relationship ensures that they will describe the same wavefunction, but will do so in different forms.
Theory
Bonding in H2
Heitler and London's original work on VBT attempts to approximate the electronic wavefunction as a covalent combination of localized basis functions on the bonding atoms. In VBT, wavefunctions are described as the sums and differences of VB determinants, which enforce the antisymmetric properties required by the Pauli exclusion principle. Taking H2 as an example, the VB determinant is
In this expression, N is a normalization constant, and a and b are basis functions that are localized on the two hydrogen atoms, often considered simply to be 1s atomic orbitals. The numbers are an index to describe the electron (i.e. a(1) represents the concept of ‘electron 1’ residing in orbital a). ɑ and β describe the spin of the electron. The bar over b in indicates that the electron associated with orbital b has β spin (in the first term, electron 2 is in orbital b, and thus electron 2 has β spin). By itself, a single VB determinant is not a proper spin-eigenfunction, and thus cannot describe the true wavefunction. However, by taking the sum and difference (linear combinations) of VB determinants, two approximate wavefunctions can be obtained:
ΦHL is the wavefunction as described by Heiter and London originally, and describes the covalent bonding between orbitals a and b in which the spins are paired, as expected for a chemical bond. ΦT is a representation of the bond that where the electron spins are parallel, resulting in a triplet state. This is a highly repulsive interaction, so this description of the bonding will not play a major role in determining the wave function.
Other ways of describing the wavefunction can also be constructed. Specifically, instead of considering a covalent interaction, the ionic interactions can be considered, resulting in the wavefunction
This wavefunction describes the bonding in H2 as the ionic interaction between an H+ and an H-.
Since none of these wavefunctions, ΦHL (covalent bonding) or ΦI (ionic bonding) perfectly approximates the wavefunction, a combination of these two can be used to describe the total wavefunction
where λ and μ are coefficients that can vary from 0 to 1. In determining the lowest energy wavefunction, these coefficients can be varied until a minimum energy is reached. λ will be larger in bonds that have more covalency, while μ will be larger in bonds that are more ionic. In the specific case of H2, λ ≈ 0.75, and μ ≈ 0.25.
The orbitals that were used as the basis (a and b) do not necessarily have to be localized on the atoms involved in bonding. Orbitals that are partially delocalized onto the other atom involved in bonding can also be used, as in the Coulson-Fischer theory. Even the molecular orbitals associated with a portion of a molecule can be used as a basis set, a processes referred to as using fragment orbitals.
For more complicated molecules, ΦVBT could consider several possible structures that all contribute in various degrees (there would be several coefficients, not just λ and μ). An example of this is the Kekule and Dewar structures used in describing benzene.
Note that all normalization constants were ignored in the discussion above for simplicity.
Relationship to molecular orbital theory
History
The application of VBT and MOT to computations that attempt to approximate the Schrödinger equation began near the middle of the 20th century, but MOT quickly became the preferred approach between the two. The relative computational ease of doing calculations with non-overlapping orbitals in MOT is said to have contributed to its popularity. In addition, the successful explanation of π-systems, pericyclic reactions, and extended solids further cemented MOT as the preeminent approach. Despite this, the two theories are just two different ways of representing the same wavefunction. As shown below, at the same level of theory, the two methods lead to the same results.
H2 - molecular orbital vs valence bond theory
The relationship between MOT and VBT can be made more clear by directly comparing the results of the two theories for the hydrogen molecule, H2. Using MOT, the same basis orbitals (a and b) can be used to describe the bonding. Combining them in a constructive and destructive manner gives two spin-orbitals
The ground state wavefunction of H2 would be that where the σ orbital is doubly occupied, which is expressed as the following Slater determinant (as required by MOT)
This expression for the wavefunction can be shown to be equivalent to the following wavefunction
which is now expressed in terms of VB determinants. This transformation does not alter the wavefunction in any way, only the way that the wavefunction is represented. This process of going from an MO description to a VB description can be referred to as ‘mapping MO wavefunctions onto VB wavefunctions’, and is fundamentally the same process as that used to generate localized molecular orbitals.
Rewriting the VB wavefunction derived above, we can clearly see the relationship between MOT and VBT
Thus, at its simplest level, MOT is just VBT, where the covalent and ionic contributions (the first and second terms, respectively) are equal. This is the basis of the claim that MOT does not correctly predict the dissociation of molecules. When MOT includes configuration interaction (MO-CI), this allows the relative contributions of the covalent and ionic contributions to be altered. This leads to the same description of bonding for both VBT and MO-CI. In conclusion, the two theories, when brought to a high enough level of theory, will converge. Their distinction is in the way they are built up to that description.
Note that in all of the aforementioned discussions, as with the derivation of H2 for VBT, normalization constants were ignored for simplicity.
'Failures' of valence bond theory
When describing the relationship between MOT and VBT, there are a few examples that are commonly cited as ‘failures’ of VBT. However, these often arise from an incomplete or inaccurate use of VBT.
Triplet ground state of oxygen
It is known that O2 has a triplet ground state, but a classic Lewis structure depiction of oxygen would not indicate that any unpaired electrons exist. Perhaps because Lewis structures and VBT often depict the same structure as the most stable state, this misinterpretation has persisted. However, as has been consistently demonstrated with VBT calculations, the lowest energy state is that with two, three electron π-bonds, which is the triplet state.
Ionization energy of methane
The photoelectron spectrum (PES) of methane is commonly used as an argument as to why MO theory is superior to VBT. From an MO calculation (or even just a qualitative MOT diagram), it can be seen that the HOMO is a triply degenerate state, while the HOMO-1 is a single degenerate state. By invoking Koopman's theorem, one can predict that there would be two distinct peaks in the ionization spectrum of methane. Those would be by exciting an electron from the t2 orbitals or the a1 orbital, which would result in a 3:1 ratio in intensity. This is corroborated by experiment. However, when one examines the VB description of CH4, it is clear that there are 4 equivalent bonds between C and H. If one were to invoke Koopman's Theorem (which is implicitly done when claiming that VBT is inadequate to describe PES), a single ionization energy peak would be predicted. However, Koopman's Theorem cannot be applied to orbitals that are not the canonical molecular orbitals, and thus a different approach is required to understand the ionization potentials of methane from VBT. To do this, the ionized product, CH4+ must be analyzed. The VB wavefunction of CH4+ would be an equal combination of 4 structures, each having 3 two-electron bonds, and 1 one-electron bond. Based on group theory arguments, these states must give rise to a triply degenerate T2 state and a single degenerate A1 state. A diagram showing the relative energies of the states is shown below, and it can be seen that there exist two distinct transitions from the CH4 state with 4 equivalent bonds to the two CH4+ states.
Valence bond theory methods
Listed below are a few notable VBT methods that are applied in modern computational software packages.
Generalized VBT (GVB)
This was one of the first ab initio computational methods developed that utilized VBT. Using Coulson-Fischer type basis orbitals, this method uses singly-occupied, instead of doubly-occupied orbitals, as the basis set. This allows from the distance between paired electrons to increase during variational optimization, lowering the resultant energy. The total wavefunction is described by a single set of orbitals, rather than a linear combination of multiple VB structures. GVB is considered to be a user-friendly method for new practitioners.
Spin-coupled generalized valence bond theory (SCGVB, or sometimes SCVB/full GVB)
SCGVB is an extension of GVB that still uses delocalized orbitals, whose delocalization can adjust with molecular structure. In addition, the electronic wavefunction is still a single product of orbitals. The difference is that the spin functions are allowed to adjust simultaneously with the orbitals during energy minimization procedures. This is considered to be one of the best VB descriptions of the wavefunction that relies on only a single configuration.
Complete active space valence bond method (CASVB)
This is a method that often gets confused as a traditional VB method. Instead, this is a localization procedure that maps the full configuration interaction Hartree-Fock wavefunction (CASSCF) onto valence bond structures.
Spin-coupled theory
There are a large number of different valence bond methods. Most use n valence bond orbitals for n electrons. If a single set of these orbitals is combined with all linear independent combinations of the spin functions, we have spin-coupled valence bond theory. The total wave function is optimized using the variational method by varying the coefficients of the basis functions in the valence bond orbitals and the coefficients of the different spin functions. In other cases only a sub-set of all possible spin functions is used. Many valence bond methods use several sets of the valence bond orbitals. Be warned that different authors use different names for these different valence bond methods.
Valence bond programs
Several groups have produced computer programs for modern valence bond calculations that are freely available.
References
Further reading
J. Gerratt, D. L. Cooper, P. B. Karadakov and M. Raimondi, "Modern Valence Bond Theory", Chemical Society Reviews, 26, 87, 1997, and several others by the same authors.
J. H. van Lenthe, G. G. Balint-Kurti, "The Valence Bond Self-Consistent Field (VBSCF) method", Chemical Physics Letters 76, 138–142, 1980.
J. H. van Lenthe, G. G. Balint-Kurti, "The Valence Bond Self-Consistent Field (VBSCF) method", The Journal of Chemical Physics 78, 5699–5713, 1983.
J. Li and R. McWeeny, "VB2000: Pushing Valence Bond Theory to new limits", International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, 89, 208, 2002.
L. Song, Y. Mo, Q. Zhang and W. Wu, "XMVB: A program for ab initio nonorthogonal valence bond computations", Journal of Computational Chemistry, 26, 514, 2005.
S. Shaik and P. C. Hiberty, "Valence Bond theory, its History, Fundamentals and Applications. A Primer", Reviews of Computational Chemistry, 20, 1 2004. A recent review that covers, not only their own contributions, but the whole of modern valence bond theory.
Computational chemistry
Electronic structure methods
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请描述下颌后缩的辅助检查方法？本病尤应注意，X线头影测量片的检查。
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智力低下是什么意思？智力障碍（MR）又称智力缺陷，一般指的是由于大脑受到器质性的损害或是由于脑发育不完全从而造成认识活动的持续障碍以及整个心理活动的障碍。由于遗传变异、感染、中毒、头部受伤、颅脑畸形或内分泌异常等有害因素造成胎儿或婴幼儿的大脑不能正常发育或发育不完全，使智力活动的发育停留在某个比较低的阶段中，称为智力迟滞。由于大脑受到物理、化学或病毒、病菌等因素的损伤使原来正常的智力受到损害，造成缺陷，则称痴呆。智力障碍的致病因素有以下几种：1.遗传因素：染色体异常如先天愚型等占弱智儿童5%～10%。基因突变如先天性代谢异常病属于此类。2.产前损害：包括宫内感染、缺氧、理化因素如有害毒物、药物、放射线、汞、铅、吸烟、饮酒、吸毒、孕妇严重营养不良或孕妇患病。3.分娩时产伤，窒息、颅内出血、早产儿、低血糖、核黄疸、败血症。4.出生后患病，包括患脑膜炎、脑炎、颅外伤、脑血管意外，中毒性脑病，内分泌障碍如甲状腺功能低下，癫痫等。其临床表现有：1.感知速度减慢，接受视觉通路的刺激比听觉刺激容易些；2.注意力严重分散，注意广度非常狭窄；3.记忆力差，经无数次重复方能学会一些知识，若不重复学习，又会忘得一干二净；4.言语能力差，只能讲简单的词句；5.思维能力低，缺乏抽象思考能力、想像力和概括力，更不能举一反三；6.基本无数字概念，靠机械记忆能学会简单的加减计算；7.情绪不稳，自控力差；8.意志薄弱，缺乏自信；9.交往能力差，难以学会人际间交往。
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Hidayat TV is an Islamic satellite TV Channel based in the United Kingdom. It is notable for being the first Shia Muslim channel in the United Kingdom and Europe and its website is banned by the United States with links with the Iranian regime.
According to the mission statement on its website the objectives of Hidayat TV includes developing the Muslim community by covering various educational, welfare and religious needs.
Hidayat TV was established by two Islamic scholars Moulana Gulam Hussain Adeel and Maulana Syed Abbas Abedi along with Dr. Gulam Hadi Kadiwal and Sakhawat Hussain Shah.
Hidayat TV initially aired parts daily but became a full-time 24-hour running channel from 16 February 2009.
Hidayat TV launched globally on 5 December 2009 reaching audiences in UK, Europe and parts of North Africa via Eutelsat 28A. From 7 February to 19 February 2014 the channel was temporarily removed from Sky.
Channel name
The channel name Hidayat TV refers to the Arabic word Hidayat () which literally means Guidance. It is a term used repeatedly in the Quran referring to divine guidance.
Mission statement
According to its website the channel mission and objectives include the following:
To educate the Islamic Community on its rights and responsibilities
To assist the Islamic Community in the resolution of its social, economic, cultural and religious needs
To create and promote the spirit of unity and brotherhood among the members of the Community and settle disputes
To promote actively the principle of multiculturalism
To provide a wider platform for those who love to establish peace and harmony on earth
To show the real face of the Holy Quran and Sunnah according to the teachings of the Holy Prophet Mohammed and his Holy Progeny
To build a bridge between Western and Eastern culture through healthy dialogues and debates
To present educational, social, cultural, physical, ethical and religious programs for ALL
Coverage of Islamic events
Hidayat TV regularly airs live and recorded events from Islamic gatherings and Islamic Pilgrimages.
Poems and recitals are aired including remembrance of the prophet Muhammad and his closest progeny and commemorations of the martyrdom of Imam Hussain and other Shia Imams.
There are also frequent broadcasts of popular Islamic prayers in particular Dua-e-Kumail and Dua-e-Tawassul.
Main regular programmes
The main regular programs are:
Tareekh-e-Islam
Ahkam-e-Deen
Islami Akhlaq
Payam-e-Quran
Quran aur hum
Sahifa-e-Sajjadiyah
Merajul Momin
Pareshaniyun ka hal
Intezar-e-Faraj
Subh e Hidayat
Future Stars
Hidayat for Youth
Khawateen-e-Islam
Baseerat
Tarbiyat-e-Aulad
Makarim-e-AKhlaq
Kijiye Sawaal
Aqeedat ke phool
Jaza o Saza
Islamic Quiz
Precious pearls
The Big Picture Live
Little Angels
Maqam-e-Sahaba
Sports Talk
Hidayat TV Update
Hadees Shanasi
Muzakra
Tajzia
Tussa ni Awaz
Hidayat Sunday Magazine
Suburus
Naat Competition
Subhe Zindagi
External links
Hidayat TV website
Religious television channels in the United Kingdom
Islamic television networks
Television channels and stations established in 2008
British Pakistani mass media
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Dallan Murphy (born 22 July 1988) is an Australian professional rugby union footballer. His regular playing position is fly-half
Murphy won a Queensland Premier Rugby title playing for Brothers in 2009. He played for the Queensland Reds in the Super Rugby competition in 2011 and 2012. He made his debut for the Reds during the 2011 Super Rugby season against the Chiefs in Hamilton.
He joined English club Rotherham Titans in 2013.
Reference list
External links
Australian rugby union players
Australian expatriate rugby union players
Queensland Reds players
Rugby union fly-halves
1988 births
Rugby union players from Brisbane
Living people
Expatriate rugby union players in France
Expatriate rugby union players in England
Expatriate rugby union players in Japan
Australian expatriate sportspeople in France
Australian expatriate sportspeople in England
Australian expatriate sportspeople in Japan
Rotherham Titans players
Yokohama Canon Eagles players
Melbourne Rebels players
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HD 164604 b是一顆位於人馬座的太陽系外行星，距離地球約124光年，由麥哲倫行星搜尋計畫於2010年發現。
參見
HD 129445 b
HD 152079 b
HD 175167 b
HD 86226 b
參考資料
外部連結
information on mass and orbit of HD 164604 b
2010年發現的系外行星
徑向速度法發現的系外行星
類木行星
人馬座
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轻微肩周炎的特征？据职业病相关数据发布，在办公室常见疾病之中，肩周炎可得算得上前三甲。办公室一族长时间保持弓背、低头、打字，并且目不转睛盯着电脑的姿势，对身体的肩部、背部、颈部都造成了巨大压力，长此以往，就形成了常见的肩周炎。肩周炎早期会出现的4个表现1、肩关节活动受限肩关节向各方向活动均可受限，以外展、上举、内外旋更为明显，随着病情进展，由于长期废用引起关节囊及肩周软组织的粘连，肌力逐渐下降，加上喙肱韧带固定于缩短的内旋位等因素。使肩关节各方向的主动和被动活动均受限，当肩关节外展时出现典型的“扛肩”现象，特别是梳头、穿衣、洗脸、叉腰等动作均难以完成，严重时肘关节功能也可受影响，屈肘时手不能摸到同侧肩部，尤其在手臂后伸时不能完成屈肘动作。2、怕冷患肩怕冷，不少患者终年用棉垫包肩，即使在暑天，肩部也不敢吹风。3、压痛多数患者在肩关节周围可触到明显的压痛点，压痛点多在肱二头肌长头腱沟。肩峰下滑囊、喙突、冈上肌附着点等处。4、肩痛起初时肩部呈阵发性疼痛，多数为慢性发作，以后疼痛逐渐加剧或顿痛，或刀割样痛，且呈持续性，气候变化或劳累后，常使疼痛加重，疼痛可向颈项及上肢(特别是肘部)扩散，当肩部偶然受到碰撞或牵拉时，常可引起撕裂样剧痛，肩痛昼轻夜重为本病一大特点，多数患者常诉说后半夜痛醒，不能成寐，尤其不能向患侧侧卧，此种情况因血虚而致者更为明显;若因受寒而致痛者，则对气候变化特别敏感。日常如何缓解肩周炎其实缓解肩周炎的方法很多，对于我们来说，最简单实用的就是“动一动，走一走”。这是什么意思呢?动一动：低头，停一会儿，然后向左转动头部，到肩膀处再停一会儿，再向后转头，再停一会儿，再向右，再停，最后回到中间。最后再匀速转动一圈。走一走：走就是走动，接水、伸个懒腰都是对于缓解身体压力有用的。对于肩部来说，只要你时常站起来走一走，让姿势改变，就会让肩部得到放松和舒展。
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Dmitri Vanyasov (born May 9, 1972) is a Soviet and Russian former professional ice hockey forward. He is a one-time Russian champion.
Awards and honors
References
External links
Biographical information and career statistics from Eliteprospects.com, or The Internet Hockey Database
1972 births
Living people
Dizel Penza players
HC CSK VVS Samara players
Rubin Tyumen players
Ak Bars Kazan players
HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk players
Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod players
Russian ice hockey forwards
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做什么动作可以瘦肚子？现在的人们对于自己的身材都是非常注重的，可是大部分生完孩子的女性朋友都是很难保持好身材的，尤其是肚子特别容易出现赘肉看起来和带着个游泳圈一样穿衣服非常的难看，有些肚子发福的朋友非常的想知道到底什么动作瘦肚子最快，那么做什么动作可以瘦肚子？贴墙站是一种瘦肚子效果非常好的方法，有些人看到别人贴墙站的时候都觉得这样的动作非常简单，但是自己做起来却发现非常的难，在贴墙站的时候将自己的整个后身包括后脑、肩膀、腰、臀、大腿、小腿和脚后跟全部都贴在墙上，每天保持这样的姿势站立三十分钟左右，坚持一段时间就会逐渐的告别小肚子。保持平躺仰卧的姿势，两脚打开与肩同宽，先将右脚向上抬起10CM，脚尖往里勾起并停顿一秒，再轻轻放下，注意脚后跟不能靠在床上。完成后换左脚再重复同样的动作。一组动作重复5次。保持平躺仰卧的姿势，两腿打开与肩同宽。手臂弯曲伸成90度直角贴紧地面，手心朝上。弯曲左腿膝盖，直起上身，使得右手肘部能够碰触左腿膝盖。换右腿重复同样的动作为一组。重复2—3组，每组10次。平躺仰卧，两腿打开与肩同宽。两臂伸直，肘部贴近耳朵部位，分别抬起左腿和右手并直起上身，使得右手触碰左腿脚尖，左右各7次为一组，重复2—3组。肚皮舞，肚皮舞除了作为一种舞蹈艺术形式以外，也经常被作为一种健身运动而进行推广。肚皮舞能够增加腹部肌肉的力量与身体的柔韧性，同时也能够燃烧大量多余的脂肪，一段持续60分钟的肚皮舞，能够燃烧330卡的热量，是减肚子最有效的运动之一哦。不过在这里我要提醒大家的是，不论用什么样的方式来减肥瘦肚子都要持之以恒，只有每天坚持，才能得到自己想要的效果，如果半途而废用任何一种方法都是无法减肥成功的。在减肥打路上也要注意自己的饮食，如果只运动不控制饮食的话，是瘦不下来的。
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Coal Miner is a public artwork by Polish American artist John J. Szaton (1907–1966) which is located in two US State capitals; the original, commissioned in 1963 in Springfield, Illinois, as well as a copy on the west lawn of the Indiana State House in Indianapolis The statues commemorate coal miners who had lost their lives in those states' mining industry. The tall statue rests on a square, granite base supported by a cement foundation that is thick.
Historical information
Illinois
The Coal Miner statue was originally commissioned in 1963 by the State of Illinois, after 15 years of advocacy work by coal miner, artist, and poet Vachel Davis (1898–1966). The Illinois legislature appropriated $15,000 for the construction and casting of a memorial to Illinois coal miners. Davis, who was acquainted with artist John J. Szaton, recommended that he submit a sketch for the monument based on Davis's 1946 painting American Coal Miner. The legislature accepted Szaton's initial sketch. After submitting an model of the sculpture, which was approved, Szaton received a contract to create the full-scale piece. Szaton created a full-scale plaster sculpture in his Tinley Park studio before casting the statue in bronze. The plaster sculpture is still able to be viewed in the Tinley Park Historical Society Museum. The sculpture, dedicated in Illinois in 1964, was intended to commemorate the Illinois coal miners who had been killed in the state's coal mines. It is installed on the north end of the Illinois State Capitol's lawn in Springfield, Illinois, and faces Second Street. The dedication ceremony took place on October 16, 1964, with speeches from Illinois governor Otto Kerner, Jr. and Paul Powell, former speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives. Michael F. Widman Jr. represented the United Mine Workers of America at the dedication ceremony, standing in for John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, who was ill and unable to attend. A letter from Lewis commended the State of Illinois for being the first to honor their coal miners with such a memorial. A plaque was added in 1981 citing Szaton as its sculptor. The Illinois statue is owned and administered by the State of Illinois.
Indiana
In 1965 the Indiana General Assembly appropriated funds to commission a copy of the sculpture to memorialize Hoosier coal miners who had been killed on the job. The Indiana statue was dedicated in 1967. As with the Illinois sculpture, it is a public artwork. Indiana's statue of The Coal Miner is owned and administered by the State of Indiana, Department of Administration.
Szaton's wife donated the full-scale plaster sculpture to the Tinley Park Historical Society in 1986.
Reproductions of small-scale versions of the monument have been mass-produced; over 200 have been given as gifts by the coal industry over the years.
Artist
John J. Szaton was born in 1907 in Ludlow, Massachusetts. He apprenticed under well-known Illinois sculptor Lorado Taft, who invited Szaton to come to Chicago after meeting him on a lecture tour of various high schools and art schools in Massachusetts. Szaton, who became known for his sculpture, studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and at the now-defunct National Academy of Art in Chicago. He also worked on project for Taft and other artists, including the Lincoln Trail State Memorial by Nellie Walker, his wife's aunt. During the 1940s Szaton created several other sculptures: a War Memorial (1940) at the Northwest Armory, Chicago; Indian Shooting the Stars (1947) for Lane Tech High School, Chicago, as a tribute to students who died in World War II; and Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep (1947) for Cedar Park Cemetery, Calumet Park, Illinois. Szaton continued to work at Taft's studio until it disbanded in 1947, then moved his family to Tinley Park, at that time a small rural suburb of Chicago, and commuted to Chicago to work during the week as a greeting card engraver; income from art commissions was not sufficient to sustain his family. In 1948 Szaton built a large, vaulted-ceiling garage studio behind his home and continued to work on art projects.
In 1963 Szaton collaborated with artist Vachel Davis to reinterpret Davis's iconic 1946 painting American Coal Miner into a permanent, sculptural memorial to coal miners. Szaton's 7-ft. bronze statue, The Coal Miner, is displayed on the lawn of the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield. It was dedicated on October 16, 1964, and became his most widely known sculpture. A second The Coal Miner statue, cast in 1966, is installed on the west side of the Indiana Statehouse and was dedicated in 1967. Szaton died in 1966 and is buried in Cedar Park Cemetery, Calumet Park, Illinois.
Statue
Process
The statue was first sculpted in plaster and then cast in bronze to create the Illinois statue, which was dedicated in 1964; the Indiana statue was cast later, in 1966, and dedicated in 1967. Both statues were cast at the Spampinato Art Workshop foundry in Chicago.
Description
The Coal Miner, which measures , is installed in the northwest corner of the Indiana Statehouse lawn and faces west. The figure wears overalls, boots, a belt, a long-sleeve shirt, and a miner's hat. He has a contrapposto stance with his proper left foot forward. He carries a miner's fire safety lamp, or "bug light", in his proper left hand, which is at his side. His proper right hand is raised, gripping the base of a miner's pick axe that rests on his proper right shoulder. The shirt-sleeve on his proper right arm is unbuttoned and hangs open on his forearm. The belt hanging at his waist has three visible belt punches. He wears a MSA Comfo Cap Model P miner's hat with its battery pack clipped to the backside of his belt. The artist's signature, "John Szaton, Sc." appears on the proper left side of the base, toward the front. On the proper left side of the base, toward the back, a foundry mark reads, "Cast by Spaminato [sic] Art Foundry Chicago, Ill. 1966".
The square, granite base measures . Its front-facing side has a bronze, bas-relief plaque depicting a drag-line mining crane at work in a strip mine. A cement foundation, thick, supports the base.
The plaque on the rear-facing side reads:
Without coal the marvelous social and industrial progress which marks our civilization could not have been achieved. But the production of this vital commodity, so essential to the world's progress, has cost the lives of thousands of "coal miners" in Indiana. It is to the supreme sacrifice of these men that this memorial is dedicated.
Condition
The Indiana sculpture was assessed in November 1992 and added to the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture database. The statue was considered well maintained at the time of the assessment. Photos taken of the sculpture in 2005 show ample presence of lime scale, which was removed between late 2005 and October 2010.
See also
Workers' Memorial Sculpture
References
External links
SOS:Save Outdoor Sculpture project
Images of public art at the Indiana Statehouse on Flickr
Indiana Statehouse Tour Office
Szaton's National Guard reliefs
The Coal Miner, Springfield, Illinois
Springfield, Illinois
Bronze sculptures in Illinois
1963 sculptures
Monuments and memorials in Illinois
Outdoor sculptures in Indianapolis
Bronze sculptures in Indiana
1966 sculptures
Monuments and memorials in Indiana
Indiana Statehouse Public Art Collection
Polish-American history
Statues in Indiana
Statues in Illinois
Sculptures of men in Indiana
1963 establishments in Illinois
1966 establishments in Indiana
Mining in Illinois
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女性泌尿系统感染严重的危害？夏季是泌尿系统感染的一个多发季节，因为夏天气温高，人体出汗多，女性的外阴部汗腺又特别丰富，如果穿的内裤因面料质地选择不当，就易使外阴局部长时间潮湿，此时细菌会繁殖得特别快，并乘虚而入，引起泌尿系统感染。女性泌尿系统感染严重后，如果不及时治疗，危害很大，主要有：1、排尿异常。泌尿系统感染常见的排尿异常是尿频、尿急、尿痛，也可见到尿失禁和尿潴留。2、尿液异常。尿路感染可引起尿液的异常改变，常见的有细菌尿、脓尿、血尿和气尿等。3、腰痛。患有泌尿系统感染疾病后，一般会有腰痛的临床表现，这是因为炎症感染影响到肾脏及肾周围组织。尿路感染可能会造成急性肾盂肾炎的发生。随着病情逐步进展，最后有可能会导致慢性肾功能衰竭。4、并发多种生殖系统疾病。泌尿系统感染的危害性极强，如果不及时治疗，感染会反复发作，引起阴道炎等多种生殖系统疾病。感染部位的分泌物严重影响精卵活力，降低受孕成功率。5、造成关节炎。感染严重时,细菌侵犯到膝关节内会造成关节炎,尿道感染是可以通过性生活传染给伴侣的,从而导致交叉感染。女性在生活中要积极预防尿路感染，以免对身体造成伤害。平时要注意内裤不宜过小或太紧，也不能用化纤织品做内裤，内裤的面料应以吸湿性、透气性均好的棉、麻织品为佳。经常换洗内裤，大便后手纸应由前向后抹拭，以免污染尿道。平时忌胀气之物。包括牛奶、豆浆、蔗糖等。忌发物如鸡肉、蘑菇、带鱼、桃子等，忌助长湿热之品。包括酒类、甜品和高脂肪食物。
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陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部，簡稱砲訓部，俗稱二王砲校。屬於中華民國陸軍旗下的軍事學校，位於臺灣臺南市永康區二王里，預計2023年遷至關廟區虎山基地。依據2013年12月立法院三讀通過、12月11日總統令公布之《軍事教育條例》修正條文規定，陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部暨飛彈砲兵學校正式更名為「陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部」，得授予學位或文憑。
歷史沿革
抗戰時期
1931年12月1日，陸軍砲兵學校初創於南京三牌樓軍政部對面的舊卅三標營房。 炮兵學校是在南京第一個開辦的兵科學校。第一期錄取116名學員。學制為一年。術科的訓練時間占一半以上。校長周斌／鄒作華／蔣中正兼（1935年4月1日起），教育長歷任為張亮清少將／周斌中將／鄒作華／史文桂／金镇。學校設教育處（少將處長歷任李瑞浩／項致莊／邵百昌／趙以寬／金鏡清／王和華／石劑儒）、政治部、射擊場管理處。教育處內設教育室、軍械室、副官室、秘書室、戰術組、兵器組、築成組、射擊組、觀測組、通信组、馬術及馭法組等。
1932年4月，校址遷往丁家橋南洋勸業會房舍。
1935年7月28日炮校第四期移駐南京城東湯山（故號「湯山部隊」、湯山炮校）。
1937年11月遷湖南零陵縣城。1938年1月遷往桂林，不久又回駐零陵，2月下旬開始上課。1938年11月中旬長沙大火後，學校遷往廣西鹿寨。1938年11月下旬，炮校經廣西柳州、河池、南丹等地長途徒步行軍，1939年1月學校到貴州都匀，在都匀一中繼續辦學，因此俗稱都匀炮校。
1946年4月遷返湯山。1948年底南遷址貴陽、雲南沾益。1949年12月教育長李康庵率領部分人員於雲南曲靖投共。
戡亂時期
1949年政府遷臺，陸軍總司令部於高雄鳳山衛武營成立砲兵訓練處。
1952年1月16日，陸軍砲兵學校於臺南四分子復校。
1969年12月16日實施「陸軍嘉禾案」，將陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部、陸軍砲兵新兵訓練中心與陸軍砲兵學校合併編成「陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部暨砲兵學校」。
1978年遷駐臺南縣永康市二王里「湯山營區」。
1984年7月1日空軍防空學校併入砲校。
1985年奉核定改名為「陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部暨砲兵飛彈學校」。
1986年飛彈電子訓練中心改隸砲校。
精進時期
2004年實施精進案，再正名為「陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部暨飛彈砲兵學校」。
精粹時期
2013年12月13日，依據《軍事教育條例》修正條文規定，改編為「陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部」。
2014年4月1日，臺灣臺南市關廟區虎山基地動工。
2023年，遷至虎山基地。
2024年，開始重新招生。
砲兵訓練指揮部校歌
砲聲隆隆，飛彈昇空，這是國軍新砲兵
精研新學術，培育新菁英，我們是勝利的先聲
支援友軍，以火力消滅敵人
重聯戰，講協同，八二三，建奇功
嚴格精實，革新作風
發揚吾校精神，發揚吾校精神
外部連結
陸軍砲兵訓練指揮部
参考文献
中華民國軍事教育和訓練
H
1931年建立的教育機構
永康區
中華民國炮兵
陸
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《找不著藉口》，1981年麗的電視劇《浴血太平山》的插曲，由盧國沾填词、黎小田作曲、奧金寶編曲、葉振棠主唱，收錄於同年的《葉振棠精選》中。歌曲甫推出即流行一時，亦被視為盧國沾愛情詞的代表作，為其摘下第四屆十大中文金曲最佳中文（流行）歌詞獎。
背景
盧國沾曾受訪說當時樂壇的分手歌，多數都了無餘韻和誇張，便想用另一種手法來寫。
他亦曾撰文說歌詞靈感源自一對夫妻朋友，男方過於專注事業，夫婦倆多年頻撲於國內外，生活壓力使女方承受不住，但礙於她還愛著男方，加上子女的掛累，她要找藉口加強離開他的決心
。
音樂特徵
以D小調寫成，4/4節拍。有論者認為旋律和編曲類似七十年代的日本歌謠曲。樂器最突出的是前奏的鋼琴和間奏的色士風。旋律方面則是最後兩個音符提高了八度，把情緒推向高潮；葉振棠以其標誌唱法，運用假音唱出「藉口」二字。
評價
學者黃維樑批評歌詞：「『更』、『重』非國語非粵語，相當別扭……全首歌詞毫無精警之處，沒有形象性，沒有含蓄之美。好詩的條件，它一個也沒有。」然而，多位詞評人包括朱耀偉、林夕和黃志華卻讚揚其深度，認為詞人以淺白、無修飾的文字，自然的語氣，逼真地描寫出詞中人的心理矛盾，營造壓迫感和張力。詞人林夕認為當時的情詞多數走文言或哲理風格，這種戲劇式獨白的手法是罕見的。朱林二人又指出結句為盧國沾慣用的「棄車保帥」筆法，把深度和意境推至高峰
歌詞亦受詞人潘源良和鄭國江好評，前者表示年少學習填詞時從這首詞中得著甚多。
註腳
參考資料
粵語歌曲
葉振棠歌曲
失戀題材歌曲
1981年歌曲
黎小田創作的歌曲
盧國沾創作的歌曲
香港電視劇插曲
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冻疮的注意事项是什么?？1．忌用火烤，热水烫等加热措施复温。禁用冷水浴，用雪搓，捶打等方法。2．在温暖的环境中可给病人少量热酒，促进血液循环及扩张周围血管。但寒冷环境中不宜饮酒，以免增加身体热量丢失。3．在冻伤的急性期，必须避免伤肢运动。急性炎症一旦消散，应尽早活动指（趾）关节，防止关节僵直，有助于肌张力恢复，保护肌腥和韧带的灵活性。4．重伤员应注射破伤风类毒素，预防破伤风发生。5．预防冻伤，应坚持体育锻炼，增强抗寒能力，常用冷水洗手、洗脸、洗脚。冬季要注意对身体暴露部位的保暖，还可涂些油脂。站岗值勤应适当活动，促进血液循环。用茄子秸或辣椒秸杆煮水，洗容易冻伤的部位，或用生姜涂擦局部皮肤，都有预防冻伤作用
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Phoxichilidiidae is a family of sea spiders. About 150 species are described, almost all in the genus Anoplodactylus Wilson, 1878.
References
PycnoBase: World list of Pycnogonida
Pycnogonids
Chelicerate families
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雅礼可以指：
雅礼协会，一个独立的非营利组织。
长沙市雅礼中学，一所位于中华人民共和国湖南省长沙市的重点中学。
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显微型多血管炎的诊断是什么？本病尚无特异性检查。1.血液检查 主要为血沉增快，血小板和白细胞计数增多，少数患者存在嗜酸性粒细胞增多症，血红蛋白降低呈正细胞性贫血;血浆白蛋白水平下降。几乎所有患者均为乙肝表面抗原阴性，C-反应蛋白增高，2-球蛋白水平上升，总补体、C3、C4水平正常或部分升高，39%～50%患者RF阳性，较抗核抗体(21%～33%)多见。2.肾功能检查 所有患者均有肾功能受累,血肌酐>120μmol/L。Jerra组中15%血肌酐水平正常，Hammersmith组中血肌酐平均值为574μmol/L(波动于147～1405μmol/L)。常伴镜下血尿，超过90%的患者有蛋白尿，多>3g/24h。3.ANCA检测 用间接免疫荧光(IFT)、酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)等方法检测。IFT因抗核抗体而常有假阳性，故IFT结果一定要结合ELISA测靶抗原抗体才有意义。IFT结合ElLSA法诊断小血管炎特异性高达90%。IFT法检查有两种图形：胞浆型C-ANCA，粒细胞均匀着色，核周型P-ANCA，着色集中在分叶核的核周边。本病IFT主要表现为核周型P-ANCA，ELISA测靶抗原为髓过氧化物酶(MPO)。活动期阳性率50%～75%以上。国内张少凌测19例MPA，抗MPO阳性6例，全部并肾损害，5例并肺损害。提示抗MPO抗体多见肺、肾病变，活动期前1月即可升高，缓解期下降。1.组织活检 小动静脉病变同经典型PAN。鉴别在于肾病理检查，肾脏活检可见局灶节段坏死性肾小球肾炎(FSNG)并新月体形成，免疫荧光多数阴性。80%急进性肾炎型(无免疫复合物无荧光反应)为微血管炎引起。2.血管造影 无微动脉瘤及狭窄。
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Michal Tabara was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Dennis van Scheppingen.
Guillermo Cañas won in the final 6–4, 7–6(7–2) against Paradorn Srichaphan.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
External links
2002 Tata Open Draw
2002 Tata Open
Doubles
Maharashtra Open
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下颌后缩的治愈标准是什么?？1.治愈：覆合覆盖正常，SNA角、SNB角、面角、颌突角、－－SN角均正常，牙列整齐，咀嚼功能良好，侧面外形协调。2.好转：覆合覆盖正常，SNB角及面角接近正常，SNA角、颌突角、－－SN角均正常，牙列整齐，咀嚼功能较好，侧面外形较协调。3.未愈：症状体征、咀嚼功能和侧面外形均无改善。
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Bindu Menon (born 1970) is an Indian neurologist, health activist, researcher and academician from Andhra Pradesh. She is known for providing free treatment to patients with Neurological disorder in rural areas of India through her organization, the Dr. Bindu Menon Foundation. She runs an initiative called Neurology-on-Wheels, offering free healthcare services to remote areas since 2013.
Menon received the Mridha Spirit of Neurology Humanitarian Award and the A. B. Baker Teacher Recognition Award from the American Academy of Neurology in 2022. In 2021, the World Stroke Organization honoured her with the Fellowship of the World Stroke Organization (FWSO). She is also noted for her research in the field of epilepsy and other neurological diseases.
Early life and education
She was born in 1970. She received her MBBS at Gandhi Medical College in Bhopal and her MD at Gajara Raja Medical College. In 2002, she obtained her DM Neurology and Diplomate of National Board in Neurology from Bombay Hospital Institute Medical Sciences. She conducted research on the effects of prolonged medication on Epilepsy patients on bone health as part of a project funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research. Menon received additional training in neurology at University College London.
Work
Bindu Menon began her career as an assistant professor at Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences in Tirupati. After eight years there, she moved to Nellore and worked as the Professor and Head of the Department of Neurology at Narayana Medical College and Hospital. She is currently serving as a Professor and Head of the Neurology Department at Apollo Specialty Hospitals in Nellore.
Bindu Menon founded the Dr Bindu Menon Foundation in 2013 as a non-profit organisation. She runs a program called Neurology on Wheels, which she started in 2015 and provides medical care to needy patients in rural areas using a small van. As of 2019, the program served hundreds of patients in about 23 villages in Andhra Pradesh. The program delivers medical screenings, distributes medications, and holds awareness programs to educate the community about stroke and epilepsy risks and symptoms. It operates in randomly selected villages on Sundays. She also conducts school and college awareness camps.
Menon has launched an app for persons with epilepsy to track their treatment and manage their seizures. The app includes features such as a medication list with reminders and the ability to upload videos of seizure events for review by a doctor. She has been working to create awareness about Epilepsy, Stroke, and other Neurological disorder since 2008. Her Neurology on Wheels has provided stroke and epilepsy screening and treatment to over 12,000 people. Menon has organized 200 free medical camps and through her Neurology on Wheels initiative, has provided treatment for 352 cases of hypertension, 129 cases of diabetes, 138 cases of stroke, and 105 cases of epilepsy, as of January 2023. She has also conducted 210 awareness programs, reaching approximately 35,000 people and educating them on epilepsy, brain stroke, and other related diseases.
She also serves as the Convenor of the Indian Women Scientists' Association, Nellore. In 2019, she delivered a TEDx talk at AIIMS Bhubaneswar about her life and her project, Neurology on Wheels. She was chosen as a OneNeurology Ambassador by the European Federation of Neurological Associations (EFNA) and the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) to collaborate on the World Health Organization (WHO)'s global action plan for epilepsy and other neurological disorders.
In 2020, the World Federation of Neurology awarded her an education grant to study the impact of community intervention to reduce the risk of stroke in the rural community. She also serves as the chief editor for the Epilepsy India Newsletter, a magazine published jointly by the Indian Epilepsy Association and the Indian Epilepsy Society.
Awards and honours
In April 2022, she was awarded the Fellowship of the American Academy of Neurology (FAAN) and the Mridha Spirit of Neurology Humanitarian Award from the American Academy of Neurology and the American Brain Foundation. In 2021, she received the A. B. Baker Teacher Recognition Award from the American Academy of Neurology for her work in education. She also received the Fellowship of the World Stroke Organization (FWSO) from the World Stroke Organization. She has been a research committee member of the World Stroke Organization since 2020.
In 2018, she received the World Stroke Organization Award in the Individual Achievement category from the World Stroke Organization. In 2019, she was honoured with the J J Rao Oration by the Geriatric Society of India. In August 2019, she received the Sakshi Excellence Award for Healthcare at a ceremony in Hyderabad, presented by E. S. L. Narasimhan, the Governor of Telangana.
In 2017, she received the International League Epilepsy (ILAE) Leadership Award at the International Epilepsy Congress and in 2016, she was given the H. C. Bajoria oration Award at the Joint Annual Conference of the Indian Epilepsy Association and Indian Epilepsy Society.
References
External links
Official website
1970 births
Indian health activists
Activists from Andhra Pradesh
Social workers from Andhra Pradesh
Indian humanitarians
Living people
Indian neurologists
Indian epileptologists
Medical doctors from Andhra Pradesh
Indian medical doctors
Indian women medical researchers
20th-century Indian medical doctors
Fellows of the American Academy of Neurology
Alumni of University College London
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Olive was launched at Calcutta in 1802. The French captured her in 1806 and the French Navy took her into service under her existing name. She was decommissioned in March 1807.
Career
J. Gilmour & Co. launched Olive at Calcutta on 5 May 1802. In 1803 her master was H. Matthew.
The French frigate captured Olive on 19 June 1806. Olive was only one of several ships that Sémillante captured on her cruise.
Olive was commissioned on 6 December 1806 at Île de France as a flute. Later, Olive was reported to have been there on 10 January 1807, and to have been captured in the Red Sea. She was decommissioned in March 1807.
Olive apparently returned to British hands and reappeared as a transport at the British invasion of Java (1811).
She then disappeared again from readily available sources.
Notes
Citations
References
1802 ships
British ships built in India
Age of Sail merchant ships of England
Captured ships
Ships of the French Navy
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After Hours is the second studio album from the Australian rock band Little River Band, released in April 1976. It peaked at No. 5 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart.
Lead singer Glenn Shorrock names this album as his favourite album by the band.
The album was released in the US in 1980.
In between the recording of After Hours and Diamantina Cocktail, two founding members of the band departed: Ric Formosa (lead guitar) and Roger McLachlan (bass).
Reception
The Allmusic rating for After Hours is for the 1980 US version that is a compilation of leftovers from the Australian albums following the international release of Diamantina Cocktail.
Track listing
Australian and European version
Side A
"Days on the Road" (G. Goble) – 5:20
"Everyday of My Life" (B. Birtles) – 3:45
"Broke Again" (B. Birtles/G. Goble) – 3:25
"Seine City" (G. Shorrock) – 3:43
"Another Runway" (B. Birtles/R. Formosa) – 6:28
Side B
"Bourbon Street" (R. Formosa) – 4:22
"Sweet Old Fashioned Man" (G. Shorrock) – 4:34
"Take Me Home" (B. Birtles) – 5:09
"Country Girls" (G. Goble) – 7:11
US version
"Seine City" (G. Shorrock) – 3:46
"Bourbon Street" (R. Formosa) – 4:22
"Sweet Old Fashioned Man" (G. Shorrock) – 4:38
"Country Girls" (G. Goble) – 7:13
"The Drifter" (G. Goble) – 3:53
"L.A. in the Sunshine" (D. Briggs/G. Shorrock) – 3:07
"Witchery" (B. Birtles) – 2:48
"Raelene Raelene" (B. Birtles) – 4:27
"Changed and Different" (G. Goble) – 4:02
"The Butterfly" (live) (traditional) – 2:41*
"Days on the Road" (live) (G. Goble) – 5:20*
"Long Jumping Jeweller" (G. Shorrock) – 4:46*
*1997 re-release bonus tracks
Personnel
Beeb Birtles – lead vocals, guitars
Ric Formosa – guitars, slide guitar, dobro, lead vocals on "Bourbon Street"
Graham Goble – vocals, guitars
Roger McLachlan – bass guitar
Derek Pellicci – drums, percussion
Glenn Shorrock – lead vocals, harmonica, acoustic guitar on "Seine City"
Additional musicians
Accordion [Piano Accordion] – Aurora Moratti
Alto Saxophone, Flute – Graeme Lyall
Cor Anglais – Eddy Denton
Keyboards – Ian Mason
Mandolin – Kerryn Tolhurst
Steel Guitar [Pedal] – Mike Burke (3)
Tenor Saxophone – Tony Buchanan
Trombone – Don Lock
Trumpet – Bobby Vinier, Peter Salt
Production details
Engineering – Ross Cockle (recording and remix)
Producer – Little River Band
Charts
References
1976 albums
Little River Band albums
Capitol Records albums
EMI Records albums
One Way Records albums
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冯建华可以指：
冯建华 (1927年)，河南林县人，安徽省人民检察院原检察长
冯建华 (1958年)，中国人民解放军中将，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会候补委员
jian
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Escadrille 23 of the French Air Force was formed at Brie on 4 August 1914.
History
Escadrille 23 was equipped with Morane-Saulniers and forwarded to VI Armee of the French Army in September, and transferred to IV Armee in October 1914. Later that month, it moved to the Somme. It would operate from there until 6 August 1915. It then returned to the VI Armee for a short spell before being posted to IV Armee on 21 August 1915.
On 20 September 1915, the unit re-equipped with Nieuports and became Escadrille N23. Its performance earned it a citation in orders on 5 November 1916. It was credited with victories over 17 enemy aircraft and four observation balloons. On 3 February 1917, the escadrille was posted to VII Armee; it soon moved to support II Armee. On 19 March 1918, the escadrille earned the fourragere of the Croix de Guerre by being cited again, for downing another 23 enemy airplanes. The unit subsequently retooled with SPAD fighters, but did not change its designation to Escadrille SPA.23 until August 1918. Wartime victories for Escadrille SPA.23 totaled 59 aircraft destroyed.
Escadrille SPA.23 still serves in today's French Air Force.
Commanding officers
Capitaine Auguste de Reverend: 4 August 1914 - 8 December 1915
Lieutenant Louis Robert de Beauchamp: 9 December 1915 - KIA 17 December 1916
Capitaine Pierre de Langle de Cary: 18 December 1916 - September 1917
Capitaine Armand Pinsard: September 1917 -
Notable personnel
Capitaine Armand Pinsard
Adjutant Maxime Lenoir
Lieutenant Jean Casale
Lieutenant Eugène Gilbert
Lieutenant François de Rochechouart
Aircraft
Morane-Saulnier: 4 August 1914
Nieuport: 20 September 1915
SPAD: Summer 1918
Endnotes
References
Franks, Norman; Frank W. Bailey. Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914-1918 Grub Street, 1992. , .
Further reading
Bailey, Frank W., and Christophe Cony. French Air Service War Chronology, 1914-1918: Day-to-Day Claims and Losses by French Fighter, Bomber and Two-Seat Pilots on the Western Front. London: Grub Street, 2001.
Davilla, James J., and Arthur M. Soltan. French Aircraft of the First World War. Stratford, CT: Flying Machines Press, 1997.
Les escadrilles de l'aéronautique militaire française: symbolique et histoire, 1912-1920. Vincennes: Service historique de l'armée de l'air, 2004.
External links
Escadrille MS 23 - N 23 - SPA 23
French Air and Space Force squadrons
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The 2006 League of Ireland First Division season was the 22nd season of the League of Ireland First Division. The First Division was contested by 10 teams and Shamrock Rovers won the division. Each team played the other teams four times, totalling 36 games.
Club information
Overview
In March 2006 it was announced that the League of Ireland and the Football Association of Ireland would be merging. As part of this arrangement the league would be restructured and membership of the 2007 Premier Division and 2007 First Division would be decided by an Independent Assessment Group chaired by a former FAI honorary secretary, Des Casey. Clubs would be assessed on their past five season record in the league. Crucially though, clubs would also be graded on off-field criteria, including attendance, infrastructure, governance, strategic planning, finance, youth development and marketing. This decision would have a considerable impact on the 2006 First Division which began on March 10 and finished on November 18. The season developed into three-way battle between Shamrock Rovers, Dundalk and Galway United. Shamrock Rovers eventually emerged as champions while Dundalk finished second and went on to defeat Waterford United in a promotion/relegation play-off. However it was subsequently announced that Dundalk had failed to meet the Independent Assessment Group criteria and they would not be promoted to the Premier Division and that third placed Galway United would be promoted instead. The decision proved to be controversial and Dundalk were particularly aggrieved. On 13 December, Mark Kavanagh, a Dundalk fan protesting the decision entered the FAI's headquarters in Merrion Square and allegedly threatened to set himself on fire after pouring petrol on his head and on furniture in the offices and reception area. He gave up the protest after obtaining a meeting with Dundalk manager John Gill. Dundalk eventually accepted the FAI decision and remained in the First Division.
Final table
Promotion/relegation play-off
Dundalk who finished second played off against Waterford United who finished eleventh in the Premier Division.
1st Leg
2nd Leg
Dundalk won 3–2 on aggregate but did not meet the criteria set out by the FAI's Independent Assessment Group and were not promoted.
IAG table
Notes
Top scorers
Gallery
See also
2006 League of Ireland Premier Division
2006 League of Ireland Cup
References
League of Ireland First Division seasons
2006 League of Ireland
2006 in Republic of Ireland association football leagues
Ireland
Ireland
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千金車站（），是西日本旅客鐵道（JR西日本）三江線的鐵路車站，位於島根縣江津市金田町。此站座落於山谷，由於站外道路過於狹窄，因此三江線不通時替代行駛的巴士不會停靠此站。
三江線活化協議會將此站暱稱命名為「日本武尊」，取自島根縣西部與廣島縣西北部流傳的傳統神樂——石見神樂。
歷史
1958年（昭和33年）7月14日 - 千金車站與相鄰的江津本町車站同一天開始營運。
1975年（昭和50年）8月31日 - 三江南線的口羽車站與三江北線的濱原車站之間銜接路段完工通車，南北兩線合併為三江線，此站成為三江線的車站。
1987年（昭和62年）4月1日 - 隨著國鐵分割民營化，成為西日本旅客鐵道所管轄的車站。
2018年4月1日 - 因三江線全線停駛廢線，隨之停止營運而廢站。
車站構造
此站為地面車站，往濱原車站方向的左側設有一股軌道與側式月台一座。月台設有候車室，兼做為站房使用，沒有裝設自動售票機等設備。
使用狀況
根據島根縣的統計資料與《三江線沿線地域公共交通網形成計劃》所記載之每日平均乘客人數如下：
相鄰車站
西日本旅客鐵道（JR西日本）
三江線
江津本町－千金－川平
參考資料
外部連結
JR西日本（千金駅）
ぶらり三江線WEB：千金 - 三江線改良利用促進期成同盟会・三江線活性化協議会。
gane
三江線車站
江津市鐵路車站
1958年启用的铁路车站
2018年关闭的铁路车站
島根縣廢站
西日本旅客鐵道廢站
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洛斯·約瑟夫·昆（；），諾魯政治家，現任諾魯總統及國會議員。
政治生涯
2003-2004年，洛斯·昆曾擔任國會選舉的監察員。
2005年昆成為商務部代秘書
2008年昆擔任布政司
2012年昆擔任代理內政部長。
2008年至2010年和2012年至2013年期間，洛斯·昆還擔任瑙魯國家教科文組織委員會成員。
2013年洛斯·昆以烏本德選區的四名成員之一的身分首次當選瑙魯議會議員，並於2016年、2019年及2022年連任。
在2022年大選後舉行的第一屆議會中，洛斯·昆是的唯一提名人，於同年9月29日與內閣一起宣誓就職。
參考資料
諾魯總統
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The Battle of Liaoluo Bay () took place in 1633 off the coast of Fujian, China; involving the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Chinese Ming dynasty's navies. The battle was fought at the crescent-shaped Liaoluo Bay that forms the southern coast of the island of Kinmen. A Dutch fleet under Admiral Hans Putmans was attempting to control shipping in the Taiwan Strait, while the southern Fujian sea traffic and trade was protected by a fleet under Brigadier General Zheng Zhilong. This was the largest naval encounter between Chinese and European forces before the Opium Wars two hundred years later.
Background
The Ming dynasty of the 17th century had relaxed its age old practice of banning maritime trade, allowing the Chinese coast to bustle with commercial activity. The Ming navy, however, had been poorly maintained and ineffectual, such that pirates had practically controlled this trade. The pirate leader Zheng Zhilong in particular dominated the Fujian coast, his ships decked with European cannons and mercenaries from Japan to Africa. The Ming court, in its decline, recruited Zheng Zhilong in 1628 rather than to try and destroy him. Although the more piratical elements of his fleet deserted him after he surrendered to the Ming, Zheng's new status as a Ming admiral allowed him to go after his former lieutenants. He was aided in this anti-pirate campaign by the Dutch under the governor of Formosa (Taiwan), Hans Putmans.
The Dutch had been trying to gain permission to trade freely in China, without much success. In 1622 they established a position on the Pescadores, but were militarily defeated by the Ming in a war lasting from 1623 to 1624, and this forced the Dutch to withdraw from the Pescadores and establish themselves on Taiwan instead. Zheng Zhilong had promised to lobby on behalf of the Dutch if they in turn helped defeat his former subordinate Li Kuiqi (李魁奇); however, when this was accomplished in February 1630, Putmans received no guarantees about trade. Unbeknownst to Putmans, Zheng Zhilong had not been able to fulfill his promise because he then served a new Governor of Fujian, , who was hostile to the Dutch. Putmans believed that Zheng Zhilong had turned back on his promises, and decided that the Chinese bureaucracy would respond better to violence since he saw that pirates like Zheng Zhilong were recruited into officialdom. As Zheng Zhilong was preparing to attack the pirates and Li Guozhu (李國助), Putmans attacked Zheng's base in Amoy by surprise on 7 July 1633.
Dutch surprise attack
Zheng Zhilong had adapted European technology throughout his maritime career, decking his ships with European cannons and mercenaries, and in 1633 he had built a new fleet of 30 ships according to European designs: whereas most Chinese junks held at most eight smaller cannons, Zheng's new ships had two reinforced gundecks that could hold up to thirty-six large guns, shooting out of Western-inspired gunports. According to a Dutch account, these "large, beautiful war junks were equipped with large cannons, some of them having more than our own warships." Putmans would later write about these ships in admiration: "Never before in this land so far as anyone can remember, has anyone seen a fleet like this, with such beautiful, huge, well-armed junks."
However, the new fleet was not given a chance to prove its worth, for it offered no resistance against the Dutch as they sailed around Gulang Island into the harbour of Amoy, thinking they were friendly. The Dutch fired at the Chinese fleet without warning. The ships had not been crewed yet and were filled with workers, who jumped ship. As soon as it was apparent that the Chinese would offer no retaliation, Putmans ordered his men to burn the ships to save powder. Three large junks escaped being burned or hacked to pieces and the Dutch suffered only one casualty — a sailor who had died setting a fire.
Following the destruction of Zheng Zhilong's fleet, the Dutch roamed the seas with impunity, pillaging villages and capturing vessels. The pirates Liu Xiang and Li Guozhu joined Putmans, and for a time it seemed the Dutch were becoming the head of a new pirate coalition that operated off the coast of China, with at least 41 pirate junks and 450 Chinese soldiers. Putmans hoped these piratical activities would force China to agree to his demands for free trade, but they had the opposite effect; Putmans's actions had united the political enemies Zheng Zhilong and Zou Weilian together. Planning a counterattack, Zheng rebuilt his fleet as Zou gathered commanders from all over the Fujian coast. Zheng also recruited locals willing to join by rewarding each volunteer with two pieces of silver. If the battle lasted longer than expected, the reward would be increased to five. Zheng put the locals on 100 small fire boats, manned by 16 people each. If a boat set fire to one Dutch ship, they would be rewarded with 200 pieces of silver. If they presented a Dutch head, they would be rewarded with 50. Zheng Zhilong bided his time building his fleet even as the Dutch gathered strength from the pirates joining them, and he forestalled the Dutch by impersonating Chinese officials offering fake promises of free trade. In this way he also learned of the Dutch plans from their replies. His stalling bore fruit, as the typhoon season brought gales that hit the Dutch fleet, incapacitating four of its ships. In October 1633, now ready to strike, Zheng Zhilong sent a derogatory message to Putmans: "How can a dog be suffered to lay his head on the pillow of the emperor's resting place?" and brought his fleet to the Dutch anchorage at Liaoluo Bay.
Chinese counterattack
The Dutch East India Company's fleet consisted of the warships Broeckerhaven, Slooterdijck, Wieringen, Perdam, Zeeburg, Koudekerke, Zalm and Bleiswijk. The Dutch had anchored at Liaoluo Bay off Kinmen Island with these eight vessels and fifty junks belonging to their Chinese pirate allies flying the VOC flag. Zheng, on the other hand, had around 150 junks consisting of imperial ships, merchant ships, and his own personal vessels. Fifty of these were large junks.
The decisive encounter occurred on October 22 when Zheng's fleet engaged the Dutch warships and fifty junks from Chinese pirate allies. The Dutch and pirate forces were lured into Liaoluo Bay and encircled by the Ming fleet, causing the pirates to attempt to flee in a panic. Zheng ordered his fleet to ignore the pirates and focus on attacking the Dutch fleet. Knowing that the Chinese ships could not match the Dutch ships in a gun battle, Zheng Zhilong instead used fireships. In order to fool the Dutch to expect otherwise, Zheng chose to use large warjunks as the fireships, decking them with cannon and soldiers (who were equipped with bamboo tubes and were to jump overboard just before crashing the ship into the enemy fleet). The Dutch did not expect the large warjunks to come straight at them and did not even have time to raise their anchors. The Dutch captains panicked and tried to saw through the anchor cords but it was too late. Ming fireships set fire to the Broeckerhaven. Slooterdijck was hooked on by four junks. After repulsing two boarding attempts, the Dutch warship was defeated and captured. Some sources state that Wieringen was sunk by cannon from Ming warships, but in fact she survived and foundered in 1636 off Malacca. Hans Putmans fled with the Perdam, Zeeburg, Wieringen and Bleiswijk to . His pirate allies, most of which had fled at the beginning of the battle, were then defeated in turn. The Koudekerke was surrounded, boarded, and sunk; the Zalm was sent to her relief but got surrounded also. They were both initially assumed lost by Putmans but later it was discovered that the Zalm had been able to withdraw to Cochinchina. Dutch vessels were able to outsail the pursuing Chinese ships by sailing close to the wind, since European rigging at the time were more complex than Chinese ones and performed better in that situation.
Aftermath
Ming officials hailed the victory as a "miracle at sea", as Zou Weilian observed that people had felt "ever since the red barbarians arrived... this kind of victory had been extremely rare". The victory at Liaoluo Bay had reestablished the prestige and authority of China in the Taiwan Strait, as Hans Putmans ceased his piratical activities on the Chinese coast. Putmans's superiors in Batavia especially ordered him to stay away from China and "out of harm's way so [Dutch ships] won't be exposed to the kind of fury and resolution the Chinese displayed at Liaoluo Bay." However, Putmans felt that his plan had not came to naught, since the Dutch "showed what damage and disruption we can cause them, and it appears that even though they held the field, destroyed two of our yachts, and drove us from their coast, they still came seeking peace with us, and have granted us better trade than ever."
Zheng Zhilong also prospered. He had earned Zou Weilian's respect through this battle. Zou recommended Zheng for promotion in a memorial to the throne but Zheng, in his newfound fame as someone who could keep the Dutch under control, used his influence to remove Zou from power. Now that Zheng had removed political opposition, he was free to grant the Dutch trading privileges, which was what both Zheng and Putmans wanted originally. Since Zheng defeated the Dutch using conventional means and made peace with them afterwards, he did not rebuild the European-styled ships that he lost in 1633. The pirate Liu Xiang attempted to renew the piratical alliance with the Dutch in 1634, but Putmans replied that the current situation suited the Dutch well and refused. Liu Xiang's pirate gang was eventually eliminated in the 1640s by Zheng Zhilong, who came to hold uncontested hegemony over the overseas Chinese trade. He had become one of the richest men in China, with his annual income estimated at three to four times that of the whole Dutch East India Company.
References
Citations
Works cited
1633 in China
1633 in Taiwan
Liaoluo Bay
Liaoluo Bay, 1633
Liaoluo Bay
Dutch Formosa
Kinmen
Liaoluo Bay, 1633
Liaoluo Bay, 1633
Liaoluo Bay, 1633
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Delfy and His Friends () is a Spanish animated series for children, produced in 1992 by D'Ocon Films. 91 episodes were produced for TVE.
Synopsis
The series focuses on the underwater adventures of Delfy the Dolphin and his friends. In every episode, they are compelled to defend their habitat from the schemes of a greedy vulture, his kangaroo assistant and a group of sharks.
Characters
Protagonists
Delfy - a young, blue dolphin with a captain hat. He serves as the main protagonist of the series.
Chees - a female dolphin and Delfy's girlfriend.
Fasty - a Hermit crab.
Rudy - a crab.
Baby Whale - a young whale.
Froggy - Delfy's best friend. He is a green monkfish in the original version. Strangely, in some other versions, he claims he is a frog.
The Hammerhead shark - a gentle shark.
The Swordfish
The octopus
Police Agent - a fish who travels on his sea horse's back.
The turtle
Dan - a walrus and Delfy's friend, this character stays on land. He works in a lighthouse.
Mick - a and friendly puppy.
Gigi - a female puppy and Mick's best friend.
Antagonists
Captain Vinager - a vulture, Delfy's worst enemy and the main antagonist of the series. He is a pirate and always attacks the aquatic animals.
Boing - an unintelligent kangaroo and Vinager's partner.
Sharky - a pirate shark.
Sharko - another pirate shark, he serves as Sharky's companion.
References
External links
Spanish children's animated adventure television series
Australian Broadcasting Corporation original programming
Animated television series about mammals
Animated television series about arthropods
Animated television series about fish
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身上起风团怎么治？风团一般指荨麻疹，荨麻疹俗称风疹块。它是经常出现的一种皮肤病，尤以儿童为多见。主要病症为：皮肤表面出现了若干个或大或小的红斑块，这些斑块手感较坚硬，且奇痒难忍。如果轻轻刮擦皮肤，可导致毛细血管的破裂或损伤而使得血液向外渗出，从而在皮肤表面留下一道凸起的红色划痕。荨麻疹对于人体的伤害非常大，所以应该及时的进行治疗，治疗方法有：1.一般治疗，（1）去除病因，对每位患者都应力求找到引起发作的原因，并加以避免。如果是感染引起者，应积极治疗感染病灶。药物引起者应停用过敏药物；食物过敏引起者，找出过敏食物后，不要再吃这种食物。（2）避免诱发因素，如寒冷性荨麻疹应注意保暖，乙酰胆碱性荨麻疹减少运动、出汗及情绪波动，接触性荨麻疹减少接触的机会等。2.药物治疗，（1）抗组胺类药物，（2）抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒作用，减少组胺释放的药物，（3）糖皮质激素，为治疗荨麻疹的二线用药，一般用于严重急性荨麻疹、荨麻疹性血管炎、压力性荨麻疹对抗组胺药无效时，或慢性荨麻疹严重激发时，静脉滴注或口服，应避免长期应用。（4）免疫抑制剂。降低血管通透性的药物，如维生素C、维生素P、钙剂等，常与抗组胺药合用。由感染因素引起者，可以选用适当的抗生素治疗。荨麻疹要积极地进行预防，预防的措施有：一、远离过敏原，1.食物：如水产品、巧克力、含酒精饮料等。此外一些食品添加剂也可能诱发过敏。2.药物：青霉素类抗生素，抗毒血清和某些疫苗都可能是发生过敏的根源。3.其他：避免吸入性的过敏原，如花粉、飞絮、病毒等，另一方面也注意气温变化带来的不利影响。二、日常护理，1.个人卫生：勤沐浴更衣，打扫居所。避免被昆虫叮咬和接触致敏的植物、动物。2.适当刺激：要帮助宝宝加强其免疫能力。给孩子的皮肤一些适当的刺激，如洗冷水澡等，让他的身体对致敏原不那么敏感。3.体育锻炼：加强体质才能不怕过敏，户外运动很有必要。
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The 2022 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup was originally to be held as the 11th edition of the AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup (including previous editions of the AFC U-19 Women's Championship), the biennial international youth football championship organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) for the women's under-20 national teams of Asia, before being cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Starting from the 2022 edition, the AFC agreed to the proposal for switching the tournament from under-19 to under-20. Moreover, the tournament was also rebranded from the "AFC U-19 Women's Championship" to the "AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup". It was scheduled to be held in Uzbekistan between 4–17 April 2022. A total of eight teams were to compete in the tournament.
The AFC announced the cancellation of the tournament on 5 July 2021, leaving the hosting rights for the 2024 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup with Uzbekistan.
The top three teams of the tournament were to qualify for the 2021 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Costa Rica as the AFC representatives. These same three teams - Japan, South Korea and North Korea - qualified for the 2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. However, the AFC subsequently announced that Australia would replace North Korea as one of the AFC's representatives.
Qualification
The host country and the top three teams of the previous tournament in 2019 qualified automatically, while the other four teams would have been decided by qualification. There were to be two rounds of qualification matches, with the first round scheduled to be played between 14 and 22 August 2021, and the second round also scheduled to be played between 3–7 November 2021.
Qualified teams
The following teams qualified for the tournament.
Qualified teams for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup
The following three teams from AFC qualified for the 2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.
All three teams qualified for the 2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. On 16 March 2022, the AFC announced that Australia would replace North Korea as the AFC's representatives at the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.
1 Bold indicates champions for that year. Italic indicates hosts for that year.
References
External links
, the-AFC.com
2022
U-20 Women's Asian Cup
2022 in women's association football
2022 in youth association football
2022 in Uzbekistani football
2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualification
2022 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup
April 2022 sports events in Asia
Association football events cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic
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请描述电话恐惧症的症状？患有电话恐惧症的人有多种症状，多数患者都会有焦虑的症状。这些症状可能包括胃紧张、手掌出汗、心跳加快、呼吸急促、恶心、心跳加快、呼吸急促、口干和发抖。 病人可能会感到恐慌和恐惧。导致的恐慌发作 可能包含过度换气和压力。这些负面、令人不安的症状会因为想到要拨打和接听电话和这么做的行动而产生。
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Tomašica is a village in Croatia.
Demographics
According to the 2021 census, its population was 308. It was 365 according to the 2011 census.
References
Populated places in Bjelovar-Bilogora County
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赫斯珀勒斯（）是位於美國科羅拉多州拉普拉塔縣的一個非建制地區。該地的面積和人口皆未知。
地理
赫斯珀勒斯的座標為，而該地的平均海拔高度為2466米（即8091英尺）。
參考文獻
科羅拉多州非建制地區
拉普拉塔縣非建制地區 (科羅拉多州)
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富马酸亚铁胶囊成分或处方？本品每粒含主要成分富马酸亚铁0.2克（相当于铁66毫克）。
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腰椎间盘突出微创手术多少钱？腰椎间盘位于两个椎体之间，是一个具有流体力学特性的结构，由髓核、纤维环和软骨板三部分构成，其中髓核为中央部分，纤维环为周围部分，包绕髓核，软骨板为上、下部分，直接与椎体骨组织相连，整个腰椎间盘的厚度为8mm~10mm。腰椎间盘突出须改变不合理的生活方式，不能穿高跟鞋，可以穿平底鞋或选择负跟鞋康复锻炼。一粘性透明胶状物质，约占椎间盘横断面的50%~60%。在儿童时期髓核与纤维环分界明显，但进入老年时期髓核水分减少，胶原增粗，纤维环与髓核分界不明显，被包绕在纤维环中通过形变将椎体传来的压力放射状散开。在腰椎运动时起类似轴承的作用。正常人的高度一日之内有变化，这与髓核的水分的改变有关。晚间较晨起时矮1.5cm~2.4cm，在老年人变化较少。腰疼的情况：几乎大部分腰间盘突出患者都会有腰疼情况的出现。患者自觉腰部持续性钝痛，平卧位减轻，站立则加剧，一般情况下尚可忍受，腰部可适度活动或慢步行走，另一种为突发的腰部痉挛样剧痛，难以忍受，需卧床位息，会严重影响生活和工作。腿部麻木、畏寒、走路出现跛行的情况：下肢麻木很多情况下会与疼痛伴发，少数患者可表现为单纯麻木，有少数患者自觉下肢发冷、发凉。主要是因为椎管内的交感神经纤维受到刺激所至。间歇性跛行的产生机理及临床表现与腰椎管狭窄相似，主要是由于髓核突出的情况下可出现继发性腰椎管狭窄症的病理和生理学症状。腿部会出现放射性痛的情况：几乎五分之四的腰椎间盘突出患者会出现腿部放射性痛的情况。常在腰痛减轻或消失后出现。表现为由腰部至大腿及小腿后侧的放射性刺激或麻木感，直达足底部。严重的患者可为由腰至足部的电击样剧痛，同时多伴有麻木感。疼痛轻者可行走，呈跛行状态；重者需卧床休息，屈腰、屈髋、屈膝位的姿态比较多。
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The second season of The Bachelor premiered on 30 July 2014. This season features Blake Garvey, a 31-year-old Perth-based real estate auctioneer, courting 30 women.
Contestants
The season began with 24 contestants. In episode 8, six "intruders" were brought into the competition, bringing the total number of contestants to 30.
Call-out order
The contestant was in possession of the white rose - safe passage through the first two rose ceremonies.
The contestant received a first impression rose.
The contestant received a rose during a date
The contestant received a rose outside the rose ceremony.
The contestant was eliminated on a date.
The contestant was eliminated.
The contestant was eliminated outside the rose ceremony.
The contestant quit the competition.
The contestant won the competition.
Episodes
Episode 1
Original airdate: 30 July 2014
Episode 2
Original airdate: 31 July 2014
Episode 3
Original airdate: 6 August 2014
Episode 4
Original airdate: 7 August 2014
Episode 5
Original airdate: 13 August 2014
Episode 6
Original airdate: 14 August 2014
Episode 7
Original airdate: 20 August 2014
Episode 8
Original airdate 21 August 2014
Episode 9
Original airdate: 27 August 2014
Episode 10
Original airdate: 28 August 2014
Episode 11
Original airdate: 3 September 2014
Episode 12
Original airdate: 4 September 2014
Episode 13
Original airdate: 10 September 2014
Episode 14
Original airdate: 11 September 2014
Episode 15
Original airdate: 17 September 2014
Episode 16
Original airdate: 18 September 2014
Episode 17
Original airdate: 24 September 2014
Episode 18
Original airdate: 25 September 2014
Episode 19
Original airdate: 1 October 2014
Episode 20
Original airdate: 2 October 2014
Ratings
References
Notes
2014 Australian television seasons
Australian (season 02)
Television shows filmed in Australia
Television shows filmed in South Africa
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吴伯箫（），原名吴熙成，字伯萧，以字行，山东莱芜人，中國现代作家、教育家，中国共产党党员。笔名山屋和山荪，发表教育方面的文章，曾属名齐延东。
生平
1906年，吴伯箫出生在今山东省莱芜市吴花园村一半耕半读的富裕家庭。
1919年，14岁的吴考入省立曲阜师范学校（今曲阜师范大学）读书学习，后任学生会干事，参加五四运动并深受其影响。1924年，在曲阜孔家府馆作家教，教孔德成英语。1925年，考入北京师范大学学习。
1931年，大学毕业后担任青岛大学校长办公室事务员，结识闻一多、洪琛、老舍、王统照、孟超等朋友。1935年，任济南乡村师范学校教务主任兼国文教员，与他人联合创办《避暑录话》。1936年，任莱阳乡村师范学校校长。
1938年4月，来到延安，入抗日军政大学学习。1941年8月，吴加入中国共产党。1949年7月，在全国第一次全国文学艺术工作者大会上被选为文协委员、秘书长。
1951年，任东北教育学院院长。1954年，任北京人民教育出版社任副社长，并任中国作家协会文学讲习所所长。1956年，吴伯箫参加全国总工会组织的作家参观团，任南团团长，去太原、洛阳、武汉、南京、无锡、苏州、上海等7个城市参观访问。10月，获邀出席民主德国海涅学术会议。期间创作《难老泉》、《钢铁长虹》、《谒列宁——斯大林墓》、《记列宁博物馆》等散文。1963年秋，吴伯箫进入中央党校学习13个月。
1964年被派到北京市房山县搞“四清”。随后在十年文化大革命期间被迫害。
1981年10月，访问英国，随后当选为全国文联理事。
1982年8月10日，在北京首都医院病逝，享年76岁。
代表作
散文集
《羽书》、《黑红点》、《出发集》、《烟尘集》、《北极星》、《忘年》等。
散文
《记一辆纺车》、《菜园小记》、《战斗的丰饶的南泥湾》等。
译作
《波罗的海》（诗集）德国海涅著。
参考文献
外部链接
吴伯箫-中国作家网
Bo
莱芜人
曲阜师范大学校友
北京师范大学校友
青岛大学校友
抗日军政大学校友
中国作家
中国教育家
中国共产党党员
中国作家协会会员
山东作家
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碳酸钙泡腾颗粒剂的用法用量？注意：同种药品可由于不同的包装规格有不同的用法或用量。本文只供参考。如果不确定，请参看药品随带的说明书或向医生询问。口服。每包溶于10ml左右的温开水或冷开水中，溶解完全，澄清后服用。根据人体需要及膳食钙的供给情况酌情进行补充，或遵医嘱。一日250～ 1200mg(以Ca计算)，分次服用。
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is a Japanese actress. She gained international recognition by winning Silver Bear (Best Actress Award)
at Berlin International Film Festival in 2014, for her performance in Yoji Yamada's film The Little House.
Filmography
Film
Television
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1990 births
Living people
Actresses from Osaka Prefecture
People from Takatsuki, Osaka
Silver Bear for Best Actress winners
Asia Contents Awards & Global OTT Awards winners
Kyoto University of the Arts alumni
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Border Strikers FC is a Zimbabwean football club based in Beitbridge.
The club was refounded in 2014 after they were expelled from the second division in 2012 for failing to fulfill their matches.
Border Strikers F.C were champions of the Central Region Division One in 2015, earning them promotion to the Zimbabwean top flight. Their promotion was made more remarkable by the fact it was their first season in the second division. However they were relegated in their first season in the Premier Soccer League.
The club were expelled from the second division in 2017 for failure to pay the league affiliation fee.
Stadium
Currently the team plays at the Dulivhadzimu Stadium in Beitbridge. They played several matches at Maglas Stadium in Zvishavane in 2016 until Dulivhadzimu Stadium was accepted by the Zimbabwe FA.
Current squad
References
External links
Facebook
Football clubs in Zimbabwe
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杰茜卡·比尔德（，），美国女子田径运动员，2009年世界田径锦标赛女子4×400米接力金牌得主、2011年世界田径锦标赛女子4×400米接力金牌得主、2013年世界田径锦标赛女子4×400米接力金牌得主、2015年世界田径锦标赛女子4×400米接力银牌得主、2019年世界田径锦标赛女子4×400米接力和混合4×400米接力金牌得主。
参考资料
俄亥俄州人
美國女子短跑運動員
世界田徑錦標賽獎牌得主
田径项目世界记录保持者
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YBP可能指：
年代标记中距今的简写
宜宾菜坝机场的国际航空运输协会机场代码
杨村站的电报码
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This is a list of the main career statistics of professional American tennis player Jennifer Brady.
Performance timelines
Only main-draw results in WTA Tour, Grand Slam tournaments, Fed Cup/Billie Jean King Cup and Olympic Games are included in win–loss records.
Singles
Current through the 2023 US Open.
Doubles
Significant finals
Grand Slam tournaments
Singles: 1 (runner-up)
WTA career finals
Singles: 2 (1 title, 1 runner-up)
Doubles: 1 (1 title)
WTA 125 tournament finals
Singles: 1 (runner-up)
Doubles: 1 (runner-up)
ITF Circuit finals
Singles: 6 (4 titles, 2 runner–ups)
Doubles: 5 (5 titles)
WTA Tour career earnings
As of 1 November 2021
Career Grand Slam statistics
Grand Slam seedings
The tournaments won by Brady are in boldface, and advanced into finals by Brady are in italics.
Head-to-head-records
Record against top 10 players
Brady's record against players who have been ranked in the top 10. Active players are in boldface.
No. 1 wins
Top 10 wins
Notes
References
Brady, Jennifer
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完原君可以指：
李𢢝，朝鮮成宗李娎的第六個兒子。
李烒，朝鮮王朝王族，朝鮮仁祖李倧曾孫，福善君李柟子、福昌君李楨養子。
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馬驄（），字伯良，廣東廣州府順德縣人，民籍。明朝政治人物。進士出身。
廣東鄉試第二十九名。成化八年（1472年），參加壬辰科會試，得貢士第二十六名。殿試登進士第三甲第一百四十二名。曾祖父馬愈隆。祖父馬稅子。父亲馬燧。
参考
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宫颈囊肿手术后要多久可以同房？宫颈囊肿的病发率一直在不断的上升，在检查的时候我们可以发现，在宫颈的表面会有多个但是大小不一的囊泡发生，如果不及时治疗的话，还会引起不孕不育的严重危害，所以说必须要查明病因做及时的治疗。导致宫颈囊肿发生的原因有：1、有可能是因为宫颈糜烂在愈合之后，有新生的鳞状上皮，在宫颈的腺管口覆盖，使腺管口出现了阻塞的情况，并且还有增生的组织现象，分泌物受到了引流之后发生了阻碍，最终引起了滞留而形成了囊肿。2、还有可能是因为不注意妇科手术的卫生导致的，在手术过程中如果没有做好消毒的话，是很容易引起宫颈感染的，或者是使宫颈受到了损伤，引起了细菌的感染，从而引起了宫颈囊肿的情况。3、宫颈囊肿的发生还有可能是因为长期的受到了慢性炎症的刺激导致的，慢性炎症的长期刺激是会引起宫颈部位出现水肿以及充血情况的，因为炎性细胞浸泡以及结缔组织增生等，造成了子宫颈肥大，出现了宫颈囊肿，严重的话就会引起月经不调，甚至是不孕的情况。4、除此之外还有可能是因为不洁的性生活导致的，性生活不注意卫生的话，很容易把细菌带入到身体里面，引起了宫颈的感染，最终导致了宫颈囊肿。了解病因对于治疗以及预防起到了重要的作用，并且每个疾病都是受到了不良因素后产生的，宫颈囊肿也是受到了一些因素的影响之后才发生的，引起宫颈囊肿发生的原因有很多，有可能是因为宫颈糜烂在愈合的过程中导致的，也有可能是因为受到了慢性炎症的刺激引起的，还有可能是因为不洁的性生活造成的。宫颈囊肿手术后患者一般是需要6到8周才可以进行同房，不过具体的患者要看自身伤口的恢复情况，如果创愈面还没恢复彻底，患者是不可以进行同房的，要等阴道完全没有分泌物，并且复诊后医生检查创愈面完全恢复才可以进行同房，这样才能防止同房后完成伤口的感染而使疾病复发。还有在恢复的期间患者要配合医生服用一些抗炎症的药物，这样才能使伤口快些愈合，减少伤口的感染。
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Alexandre de Vincent de Mazade (or Mazarade; 1735–1808) was a French soldier who was twice acting governor of the French colony of Saint-Domingue between 1787 and 1789.
Early years
Alexandre de Vincent de Mazade was born in Saint-Péray, Ardèche, France, in 1735.
His parent were Louis de Vincent de Mazade (died 1779) and Françoise Victoire de Geys de Montguillard.
On 31 December 1779 he married Marie Thérèse Sophie Chappotin (born 1757) in Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue.
His wife was a Creole, so he belonged to the class of proprietors of the colony.
He owned shares in a sugar company in Terrier-Rouge and several coffee plantations in the Western Province.
Vincent de Mazade became a maréchal de camp.
He was made a knight of the Order of Saint Louis.
In the 1780s he was a brigadier in the king's armies, second-in-command in Port-au-Prince, commander of the western part of the island and commander of the French Leeward Islands (Îles Sous-le-Vent).
He had a good military reputation.
Governor of Saint-Domingue
Vincent succeeded César Henri, comte de La Luzerne in November 1787, as acting governor.
He was Governor of Santo Domingo from November 1787 to July 1789.
François Barbé-Marbois was the intendant, or head of civil administration, during this period.
One of the problems Vincent and Marbois had to handle was the extreme cruelty that the planter Lejeune inflicted on his slaves, in violation of the laws of Saint-Domingue.
A conviction could be viewed as an indictment of the institution of slavery, and would humiliate the planters in the eyes of their slaves.
There would be a danger that the slaves would refuse to obey orders, and the whole system would break down.
This was not an isolated incident.
They ordered deportation of the planter Maguero for barbarities against his slaves, and wrote that there were other cases that were even more serious, but did not have the "clarity" afforded by the planter's confession.
Marie-Charles du Chilleau, the Marquis du Chilleau, was appointed Governor General in March 1788.
He did not arrive in the colony until the end of the year, and remained only until the beginning of July 1789.
Vincent was replaced by Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier in August 1789.
Later activity
Vincent de Mazade was commander of the northern part of the colony in 1789.
He tolerated the sedition of Jean-Jacques Bacon de la Chevalerie, but dissolved the insurrectionist Assembly of Saint-Marc, or Léopardins, in 1790.
Vincent de Mazade died in Saint-Thomas, Haute-Garonne in 1808.
Notes
Citations
Sources
1753 births
1808 deaths
Governors of Saint-Domingue
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静坐不能是什么?？静坐不能是一种运动障碍，主要表现为内心 烦躁不安和无法保持静止。 通常腿部受到最突出的影响。 静坐不能会使人坐立不安，来回摇摆，踱步。 或可能只是感到不安。 并发症包括自杀。
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小行星7338（）是一颗围绕太阳公转的小行星。1990年11月12日，H. Shiozawa、鬼沢稔在藤枝市发现了此天体。
这颗小行星的绝对星等为159.8536489173931等。
参考文献
小行星带天体
1990年发现的小行星
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The following is a timeline of the expansion and evolution of franchises in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The league was formed as the Basketball Association of America (BAA) in 1946 and took its current name in 1949. The histories of NBA franchises that were also members of the American Basketball League (ABL), National Basketball League (NBL), National Pro Basketball League (NPBL), and American Basketball Association (ABA) are also included.
NBA timeline
History of organizational changes
The following is a history of the organizational changes in the NBA, including contractions, expansions, relocations, and divisional realignment since the founding of the BAA in 1946.
BAA years (1946–1949)
1946: Founding of the BAA
The Basketball Association of America is formed with 11 teams, and divided into East and West divisions. Four of these teams fold after the season.
1947
The BAA plays with eight teams, with the Baltimore Bullets joining the league from the ABL.
1948
Four teams from the NBL, the Fort Wayne Pistons, Indianapolis Jets, Minneapolis Lakers and the Rochester Royals, join the BAA. Both the Jets and the Providence Steamrollers fold after the season.
BAA–NBL merger (1949–1966)
1949: BAA–NBL merger
The ten surviving BAA teams merge with the six remaining teams from the NBL to form the NBA. The Indianapolis Olympians also join the merged league as an expansion team. The merged NBA realigns into three divisions.
1950 contraction
The NBA contracts to 11 teams, and realigns back to East and West divisions, after three clubs fold and three other teams jump to the NPBL. The Washington Capitols then also fold midway through the season.
1951: Hawks relocation to Milwaukee
The Tri-Cities Blackhawks move to Milwaukee to become the Milwaukee Hawks.
1953 and 1954 contraction
The league contracts to nine teams for the 1953–54 season after the Indianapolis Olympians fold. The Baltimore Bullets then fold 14 games into the 1954–55 season.
1955: Hawks relocation to St. Louis
The Milwaukee Hawks move to St. Louis to become the St. Louis Hawks.
1957: Pistons and Royals relocation
The Fort Wayne Pistons move to Detroit to become the Detroit Pistons.
The Rochester Royals move to Cincinnati to become the Cincinnati Royals.
1960: Lakers relocation to Los Angeles
The Minneapolis Lakers move to Los Angeles to become the Los Angeles Lakers.
1961 expansion
The Chicago Packers are enfranchised and are placed in the West Division, bringing the league back to nine teams.
1962: Warriors relocation and Chicago renaming
The Philadelphia Warriors relocate to San Francisco to become the San Francisco Warriors. This results in the Warriors moving to the West Division, and the Cincinnati Royals moving to the East Division.
The Chicago Packers are renamed the Chicago Zephyrs.
1963 relocations
The Chicago Zephyrs move to Baltimore to become the new Baltimore Bullets.
The Syracuse Nationals move to Philadelphia to become the Philadelphia 76ers.
Expansion era (1966–1976)
1966 expansion
The Chicago Bulls are enfranchised and are placed in the West Division, while the Baltimore Bullets move to the East Division.
1967 expansion
The San Diego Rockets and the Seattle SuperSonics are enfranchised, bringing the league to 12 teams. Both expansion teams are placed in the West Division while the Detroit Pistons move to the East Division.
1968 expansion and relocation
The Milwaukee Bucks and the Phoenix Suns are enfranchised, bringing the league to 14 teams. The Bucks are placed in the East Division and the Suns in the West Division.
The St. Louis Hawks move to Atlanta to become the Atlanta Hawks, but still stay in the West Division.
1970 expansion and realignment
The NBA expands to 17 teams with the Buffalo Braves, the Cleveland Cavaliers, and the Portland Trail Blazers. The league realigns into four divisions and two conferences.
1971: Rockets and Warriors relocation
The San Diego Rockets relocate to Houston to become the Houston Rockets.
The San Francisco Warriors become the Golden State Warriors after the team moves across San Francisco Bay to Oakland.
1972: Royals relocation to Kansas City-Omaha
The Cincinnati Royals relocate and became the Kansas City–Omaha Kings, splitting their home games between Kansas City, Missouri and Omaha, Nebraska. This results in the Kings moving to the Midwest Division, the Houston Rockets moving to the Central, and the Phoenix Suns moving to the Pacific.
1973: Bullets relocation
The Baltimore Bullets become the Capital Bullets after they move to the Washington, D.C. suburb of Landover, Maryland.
1974 expansion
The New Orleans Jazz are enfranchised as the league's 18th team and are placed in the Central Division
The Capital Bullets are renamed the Washington Bullets.
1975: Kings play in Kansas City full-time
The Kansas City–Omaha Kings are renamed the Kansas City Kings after they decide to play in Kansas City full-time.
ABA–NBA merger (1976-1977)
The ABA–NBA merger. Four American Basketball Association franchises join the NBA: the Denver Nuggets, the Indiana Pacers, the New York Nets, and the San Antonio Spurs.
Post merger (1977-1988)
1977: Nets relocation to New Jersey
The New York Nets move to Piscataway, New Jersey to become the New Jersey Nets.
1978: Braves relocation to San Diego
The Buffalo Braves relocate to San Diego to become the San Diego Clippers. This results in the Clippers moving to the Pacific Division, the Detroit Pistons moving to the Central, and the Washington Bullets moving to the Atlantic.
1979: Jazz relocation to Utah
The New Orleans Jazz relocate to Salt Lake City, Utah to become the Utah Jazz. This results in the Jazz moving to the Midwest Division and the Indiana Pacers moving to the Central.
1980 expansion and realignment
The Dallas Mavericks are enfranchised as the league's 23rd team, and are placed in the Midwest Division. The NBA's two other Texas teams, the Houston Rockets and the San Antonio Spurs, move to the Midwest Division to join the Mavericks, while the Chicago Bulls and the Milwaukee Bucks move to the Central Division.
1984: Clippers relocation to Los Angeles
The San Diego Clippers move to Los Angeles to become the Los Angeles Clippers.
1985: Kings relocation to Sacramento
The Kansas City Kings move to Sacramento, California to become the Sacramento Kings.
Modern expansion era (1988–2004)
1988 expansion
The Charlotte Hornets and the Miami Heat are enfranchised to bring the league to 25 teams. The Hornets are placed in the Atlantic Division, the Heat in the Midwest Division, and the Sacramento Kings move to the Pacific Division.
1989 expansion
The Minnesota Timberwolves and the Orlando Magic are enfranchised as the league's 26th and 27th teams. The Timberwolves are placed in the Midwest Division, the Magic in the Central Division, the Charlotte Hornets move to the Midwest Division, and the Miami Heat move to the Atlantic Division.
1990: Hornets and Magic switch conferences
The Charlotte Hornets move to the Central Division, while the Orlando Magic move to the Midwest Division.
1991: Magic moves back to Eastern Conference
The Orlando Magic move to the Atlantic Division to reduce travel after spending the previous season in the Western Conference.
1995 expansion
The NBA expands into Canada as the Toronto Raptors and Vancouver Grizzlies are enfranchised as the league's 28th and 29th teams. The Raptors are placed in the Central Division and the Grizzlies are placed in the Midwest Division.
1997: Washington renaming
The Washington Bullets are renamed the Washington Wizards.
2001: Grizzlies relocation to Memphis
The Vancouver Grizzlies move to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies.
2002: Hornets relocation to New Orleans
The Charlotte Hornets move to New Orleans to become the New Orleans Hornets.
Realignment (2004-present)
2004 expansion and realignment
The Charlotte Bobcats are enfranchised as the league's 30th team. The NBA realigns to create three divisions with five teams each in both conferences. The New Orleans Hornets are the only team to switch conferences, moving from the Eastern Conference to the Western Conference.
2005: Hurricane Katrina impacts Hornets
Due to the damages caused by Hurricane Katrina, the Hornets split their home games between New Orleans and Oklahoma City for two seasons, and thus officially play as the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets.
2007: Hornets return to New Orleans full-time
With damages caused by Hurricane Katrina fully repaired, the Hornets return to New Orleans full-time.
2008: SuperSonics relocation to Oklahoma City
The Seattle SuperSonics move to Oklahoma City to become the Oklahoma City Thunder.
2012: Nets relocation
The New Jersey Nets move to Brooklyn to become the Brooklyn Nets.
2013: New Orleans renaming
The New Orleans Hornets are renamed the New Orleans Pelicans.
2014: Charlotte renaming
The Charlotte Bobcats are renamed the Charlotte Hornets after the New Orleans Pelicans agree to return the original Charlotte Hornets' name, history, and records from 1988 to 2002 to the City of Charlotte.
See also
Timeline of the National Football League
Timeline of Major League Baseball
History of organizational changes in the NHL
References
Sources
National Basketball Association history
National Basketball Association
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埃米利奥·德博诺（，），意大利政治家、军人。最终军衔为陆军元帅。他也是法西斯四巨头之一。
出生在意大利北部的卡萨诺达达。后来进入摩德纳陆军大学学习，成为的军官。1912年，曾先后参加过意土战争和第一次世界大战，并在一战中负伤。
一战以后，德博诺成为国家法西斯党的共同创建者之一。1922年米凯莱·比安基、切萨雷·马里亚·德韦基、伊塔洛·巴尔博四人一起发动向罗马进军，使法西斯党成功夺取政权。此后，被墨索里尼任命为警察长和黑衫军领导人，并当选法西斯大委员会的终身委员。他曾参与对意大利社会党议员吉亚科莫·马泰奥蒂的暗杀。1925年至1929年期间担任的黎波里塔尼亚总督，后担任殖民地部长。1935年，他在第二次意大利埃塞俄比亚战争中担任意大利军的总指挥，但不久由于过于谨慎而被佩特罗·巴多格里奥替换。
第二次世界大战爆发以后，德博诺反对意大利同纳粹德国共同作战。在1943年7月25日举行的法西斯大委员会上，他赞成解除墨索里尼的首相职务（格兰迪决议），使得法西斯政权垮台。同年墨索里尼在纳粹德国支持下在意大利北部成立意大利社会共和国，德博诺被逮捕。1944年1月的维罗纳审判上，德博诺与加莱阿佐·齐亚诺等投赞成票的法西斯党干部一起，被认定为犯有叛国罪，在维罗纳一起被枪决。
参考文献
国家法西斯党人物
義大利元帥
義大利第二次世界大戰人物
義大利法西斯主義者
義大利反共主義者
義大利政治人物
倫巴第大區人
被槍決的意大利人
最神聖報喜勳章爵士
聖莫里斯及拉撒路勳章獲得者
种族灭绝加害者
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USA-50, also known as GPS II-6 and GPS SVN-18, was an American navigation satellite which formed part of the Global Positioning System. It was the sixth of nine Block II GPS satellites to be launched, which were the first operational GPS satellites to fly.
Background
It was part of the 21-satellite Global Positioning System (GPS) Block II series that provides precise position data (accurate to within 16 m) to military and civilian users worldwide. Its signals could be received on devices as small as a telephone. The GPS II satellites, built by Rockwell International for the Air Force Space Systems Division, each have a 7.5-year design life. The Air Force intends to launch a GPS II every 2 to 3 months until the constellation of 21 operational satellite and 3 spares is aloft. The GPS Block II join 7 operational Block 1 satellites.
Launch
USA-50 was launched at 22:55:01 UTC on 24 January 1990, atop a Delta II launch vehicle, flight number D191, flying in the 6925-9.5 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A (LC-17A) at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), and placed USA-50 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.
Mission
On 25 February 1990, USA-50 was in an orbit with a perigee of , an apogee of , a period of 717.92 minutes, and 54.6° of inclination to the equator. The satellite had a mass of , and generated 710 watts of power. It had a design life of 7.5 years, and was retired from service on 18 August 2000.
References
GPS satellites
USA satellites
Spacecraft launched in 1990
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继发性血小板增多症的预防和治疗方法？1.预防用药：如口服肠溶阿司匹林，双嘧达莫(潘生丁)、定期输注复方丹参注射液等。2.积极治疗原发病，避免血小板增加。
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诺多尔（Natore District）为孟加拉国拉杰沙希专区辖县，地处孟加拉国中部偏西，设县于1984年。县境东北部与瑙冈、博格拉县接壤，南巴布纳、库什蒂亚县毗邻，东与锡拉杰甘杰为界，西连拉杰沙希县。全县年平均降雨量1,872毫米，平均气温11.2°C（最低）至37.8°C（最高）。县域总面积1,896.05公里²，总人口1,521,359人（2001），全县共分为6乡（乌帕齐拉）。
参考
孟加拉国百科（英文版）：诺多尔县（Natore District）
地名译名参考行政区划网：世界政区（亚洲）/孟加拉国
拉杰沙希专区县份
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Beldibi is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Kemer, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,376 (2022).
Gallery
References
Neighbourhoods in Kemer District, Antalya
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馬烏賓縣（；） 為緬甸伊洛瓦底省轄下的縣。首府位在馬烏賓。
鎮
以下為馬烏賓縣轄下的鎮：
馬烏賓鎮（Maubin Township）
班德瑙鎮（Pantanaw Township）
央東鎮（Nyaungdon Township）
德努漂鎮（Danuphyu Township）
其中包含39個區、235個村組以及1,462個村莊。
地理
馬烏賓縣有著平實的土地以及豐佩的溪流。馬烏賓鎮的海拔高度為1,362英尺（415.14公尺）。該縣面積4,277.3平方公里，2014年人口973,948人。東以仰光省東仰光縣、西仰光縣為界；西以勃生縣、苗妙縣為界；南以皮亞朋縣為界；北以興實達縣為界。
橋梁
馬烏賓縣內有4座重要橋梁，分別為馬烏賓橋（Maubin Bridge）、卡迪亞橋（Khattiya Bridge）、班德瑙跨河橋（Pantanaw river-crossing bridge）以及勃米亞特吞橋（Bomyathtun Bridge）。
馬烏賓橋
馬烏賓橋位在馬烏賓鎮東泰勒葦拉村（Taloatlatt east villages）與西泰勒葦拉村（Taloatlatt west villages）之間。此橋梁於1994年3月1日正式開工，1994年4月4日開始興建橋梁基礎工程，之後該橋梁於1998年2月10日完工並通車。該橋樑可承受60公噸的重量，為鋼筋混凝土橋梁。
卡迪亞橋
卡迪亞橋位在馬烏賓鎮Latyargyi村與頓傑鎮（Tuntay Township）比肯貝村（Bokanbay village）之間。總長12呎4吋（3.76公尺），為鋼筋混凝土、橋-{面}-包覆鐵的橋梁，可承受13公噸的重量。此橋於1997年7月24日完工並通車。
班德瑙跨河橋
班德瑙跨河橋位在班德瑙鎮莽應龍街（Bayintnaung street）河畔，為鋼筋混凝土橋梁。橋梁總長420英呎（128.016公尺），可承受60公噸的重量。
勃米亞特吞橋
勃米亞特吞橋位在伊洛瓦底省諾頓鎮（Naungton Township）Taungtan村與Kyeinpinsae村之間。此橋梁跨越伊洛瓦底河，總長2,604.7公尺。在結構方面，橋梁上半部為鐵構造，而下半部則為鋼筋混凝土構造。
參見
外部連結
M
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普拉卡什·维查雅纳特（，），南非印度裔男子羽毛球運動員。
簡歷
普拉卡什·维查雅纳特4歲時跟隨家人從印度移居至南非。6歲時隨父母在约翰内斯堡開始打羽毛球。及至2013年，他到愛爾蘭讀書，順道在當地的羽毛球學院（Badminton Ireland Academy），跟隨教練Daniel Magee練習
。
2013年8月，普拉卡什·维查雅纳特出戰在毛里裘斯羅斯希爾舉行的非洲羽毛球錦標賽，贏得男單亞軍。
主要比賽成績
只列出曾進入準決賽的國際賽事成績：
參考資料
南非羽毛球運動員
非洲運動會運動員
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至2007年，中华人民共和国宁夏回族自治区共有大型水库1座：青铜峡水库。
根据中华人民共和国水利部发布的《中国水库名称代码》（中华人民共和国行业标准SL259-2000）将宁夏回族自治区所有大型水库及中型水库列表如下。
大型水库
青铜峡水库 青铜峡市
沈家河水库 固原县
冬至河水库 固原县
苋麻河水库 固原县
寺口子水库 固原县
长山头水库 中宁县
碱泉口水库 海原县
张弯水库 海原县
石峡口水库 海原县
夏寨水库 西吉县夏寨乡
张家嘴头水库 西吉县将台乡
马莲水库 西吉县马莲乡
店子洼水库 彭阳县古城乡
参考文献
N宁
N
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皮癣怎么治才能治好？体癣主要是真菌感染引起的，具有传染性。体癣初发时，局部皮肤常会有红斑、丘疹、水疱，以及皮肤脱屑、色素沉着等表现。此外，体癣还会伴随着剧烈的瘙痒症状出现，如果长期抓挠刺激，皮肤可能会呈现苔藓样变。皮癣病是由皮霉菌引起的一种传染性皮肤病，可以治好，中医认为血热是主要根源，可以采用中医疗法治疗，即运用针对性的中成药内部综合调理来治疗。血热的形成有多种因素，可因七情内伤,气机雍滞，郁久化火，以致心火亢盛,毒热伏于营血,或因饮食失节，过食腥发动风之物，脾胃失和，气机不畅，郁久化热，复受风热毒邪而病。皮癣根据患病部位不同，分为头癣、手癣、足癣、股癣、甲癣、体癣等。主要是由公共用品和个人不卫生习惯而互相传染的，与旅店、浴池、游泳池、理发等公共场所的卫生有着密切的关系。皮癣可分为头癣、手癣、足癣、股癣等，是由真菌感染引起的一种传染性皮肤病，而牛皮癣是不会传染的，应明确诊断后对症治疗。而牛皮癣是一种常见的慢性皮肤病，其特征是出现大小不等的丘疹、红斑，表面覆盖着银白色鳞屑，好发于头皮、四肢伸侧及背部。体癣病人要保持健康、卫生的生活方式，饮食上不要吃辛辣刺激性食物，注意皮肤的清洁，勤洗澡、换衣，不与他人共用浴盆、浴巾等生活用品。最后，症状消退后不要立即停药，再坚持外用药物1-2周，避免复发。要注意保持局部皮肤的卫生，饮食上要注意清淡饮食为主，忌食辛辣刺激性食物和过于油腻的食物。保证睡眠充足，注意休息。
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Laonikos Chalkokondyles, Latinized as Laonicus Chalcocondyles (; c. 1430 – c. 1470) was a Byzantine Greek historian from Athens. He is known for his Demonstrations of Histories in ten books, which record the last 150 years of the Byzantine Empire.
Life
The Chalkokondyles were one of the oldest native families in Athens and had gained great prominence. At the time of Laonikos it was ruled by the Florentine Acciaioli family. His father George was a kinsman of Maria Melissene, the wife of Duke Antonio I Acciaioli. When Antonio died in 1435, Maria attempted to secure control of the Duchy of Athens and sent George on a mission to the Ottoman Sultan Murad II, asking that the government of Athens might be entrusted to herself and George Chalkokondyles. However, during his absence, the Duchess was enticed out of the Acropolis and a young scion of the Acciaiuoli family, Nerio II, was proclaimed Duke of Athens. Meanwhile, George Chalkokondyles had his proposal rejected, despite offering the Sultan 30,000 gold pieces, and was cast into prison. George Chalkokondyles managed to escape to Constantinople, according to William Miller "leaving his retinue, tents and beasts of burden behind him", but after leaving Constantinople by ship, he was captured by an Athenian ship and taken back to the Sultan, who pardoned him.
George with Laonikos and the rest of the family relocated to the Peloponnese, which was under Byzantine rule as the Despotate of the Morea. In 1446 Constantine Palaiologos, then Despot of the Morea, sent George on a diplomatic mission to Murad II to obtain the independence of the Greek states south of Thermopylae; enraged at the offered terms, the Sultan put George Chalkokondyles into prison, then marched on Constantine's forces holding the Hexamilion wall on the Isthmus of Corinth and after bombarding it for three days, destroyed the fortifications, massacred the defenders, then pillaged the countryside, ending all hopes of independence. According to Miller, Laonikos was "evidently" an eye-witness to this battle, although the historian Theodore Spandounes claims Laonikos was the secretary of Murad II and present at the Battle of Varna in 1444.
The one glimpse we have of Laonikos himself is in the summer of 1447, when Cyriacus of Ancona met him in the summer of 1447 at the court of Constantine Palaiologos at Mistra. Cyriacus describes him as a youth ("surprisingly learned in Latin and Greek literature"). It was at Mistra where Laonikos was taught by George Gemistos Plethon, and who gave Laonikos his personal copy of the Histories of Herodotus: Laur. Plut. 70.6, written in 1318, with corrections by Plethon, and later used by Bessarion in 1436 to make another copy, contains a subscription written by Laonikos.
Laonikos' movements and actions after 1447 are not known with certainty. His account of the circumcision of Sultan Mehmed II's sons in 1457 suggest he was an eye-witness to the event, and his account of Ottoman finances indicate he interviewed the Sultan's accountants. Internal evidence has led Byzantinist Anthony Kaldellis to put the date Laonikos stopped writing his Histories as 1464. While Laonikos Chalkokondyles greatly relied on Ottoman sources for the sections on the Ottomans, his narrative on the rule of Mehmed II is generally antagonistic. Thus, it has been argued that Laonikos Chalkokondyles was writing for the contemporary western audience in the Turcica genre rather than for the post-Byzantine intellectuals associated with the Ottoman court. Other speculations about Laonikos Chalkokondyles' life are not as widely accepted.
According to Kaldellis, Chalkokondyles was the first to use Byzantine to refer to the state as he advocated a neo-Hellenic identity of the Romans.
Portrayals in fiction
In the 1954 Albanian–Soviet movie The Great Warrior Skanderbeg, Laonikos Chalkokondyles is portrayed as an official historian at the Ottoman Court with opportunistic views on politics who tries to discourage Skanderbeg from an anti-Ottoman insurrection. After Skanderbeg leaves the Ottoman army and becomes leader of Albania on his own right, Chalkokondyles is brought as a hostage to his court to witness the First Siege of Krujë.
The Histories of Chalkokondyles
After the Fall of Constantinople, Chalkokondyles wrote his most important historical work, Demonstrations of Histories (Ἀποδείξεις Ἱστοριῶν). This historical work comprises one of the most important sources for the students of the final 150 years of Byzantine history, despite being defective in its chronology. It covers the period from 1298 to 1463, describing the fall of the Byzantine empire and the rise of the Ottoman Turks, which forms the centre of the narrative, down to the conquest of the Venetians and Mathias, king of Hungary, by Mehmed II. The capture of Constantinople he rightly regarded as an historical event of far-reaching importance and compared it to the fall of Troy. The work also sketches other manners and civilization of England, France and Germany, whose assistance the Greeks sought to obtain against the Turks. For his account of earlier events he was able to obtain information from his father.
His model is Thucydides (according to Bekker, Herodotus), his language is tolerably pure and correct, and his style is simple and clear. The text, however, is in a very corrupt state. The archaic language he used made his texts hard to read in many parts, while the antiquarian names, with which he named people of his time, created confusion (Γέται, Δάκες, Λίγυρες, Μυσοί, Παίονες, Ἕλληνες). The extended use of the name "Hellenes" (Ἕλληνες), which Laonikos used to describe the Byzantines contributed to the connection made between the ancient Greek civilization and the modern one.
Chalkokondyles' History was first published in a Latin translation by Conrad Clauser at Basel in 1556, although the translation itself bears the date of November 1544. A French translation was published by Blaise de Vigenère in 1577 with a later edition by Artus Thomas, with valuable illustrations on Turkish matters. The editio princeps of the Greek text had to wait until 1615 for J. B. Baumbach's printing.
The two best editions are: Historiarum Libri Decem, ed. I. Bekker, Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae (Bonn 1843) and Historiae Demonstrationes, 2 vols., ed. E. Darko, (Budapest 1922–7). The text can also be found in J.-P. Migne, Patrologia Graeca, volume 159.
A complete English translation (by Anthony Kaldellis) of The Histories was published in two volumes in 2014 by Harvard University Press, as volumes 33 and 34 of The Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library. Partial translations include one of Books I-III in Laonikos Chalkokondyles. A Translation and Commentary of the Demonstrations of Histories, trans. Nikolaos Nikoloudis (Athens 1996) and another of Book VIII in J. R. Melville Jones, The Siege of Constantinople: Seven Contemporary Accounts (Amsterdam 1972), pp. 42–55.
See also
Greek scholars in the Renaissance
Notes
References
Bibliography
E. Darko, 'Zum Leben Laonikos Chalkondyles', Byzantinische Zeitschrift 24 (1923-4) 29–39.
Anthony Kaldellis, A New Herodotos: Laonikos Chalkokondyles on the Ottoman Empire, the Fall of Byzantium, and the Emergence of the West, Harvard University Press, 2014.
Further reading
There is a biographical sketch of Laonicus and his brother, Demetrius Chalcondyles in Greek by Antonius Calosynas, a physician of Toledo, who lived in the latter part of the sixteenth century: see C. Hopf, Chroniques Gréco-romanes (Paris 1873), pp. 243–5.
Hans Ditten, Der Russland-Exkurs des Laonikos Chalkokondyles : interpretiert und mit Erläuterungen versehen (Berlin 1968).
Jonathan Harris, "Laonikos Chalkokondyles and the rise of the Ottoman Empire", Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 27 (2003), 153–70.
Nikolaos Nikoloudis, "Laonikos Chalkokondyles on the Council of Florence", Ekklesiastikos Pharos 3 (1992) 132–4.
Speros Vryonis, "Laonikos Chalkokondyles and the Ottoman budget", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 7 (1976), 423–32, and reprinted in Vryonis, Studies on Byzantium, Seljuks and Ottomans, No. XII.
Aslıhan Akışık, "Self and Other in the Renaissance: Laonikos Chalkokondyles and Late Byzantine Intellectuals" , Ph.D. dissertation, 2013.
Aslıhan Akışık-Karakullukçu, "A question of audience: Laonikos Chalkokondyles' Hellenism", Byzantinische Zeitschrift 112.1 (2019), 1-30.
External links
Opera Omnia by Migne Patristica Graeca with analytical indexes
1430s births
1470 deaths
Writers from Athens
15th-century Byzantine historians
Greek Renaissance humanists
Byzantine Athenians
15th-century Greek people
Laonikos
People from the Duchy of Athens
People from the Despotate of the Morea
15th-century Greek writers
15th-century Greek educators
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Staatsexamen Nederlands als tweede taal (State Exams Dutch as a Second Language or State Examination of Dutch as a Second Language), often abbreviated as Staatsexamen NT2, is a standardised examination of Dutch language for those who are not native speakers of Dutch. By passing the State Examinations NT2 candidates can show that they have sufficient command of the Dutch language to be able to work or study in the Netherlands.
Organiser
The Staatsexamen NT2 is organised by Dienst Uitvoering Onderwijs (DUO) (Office of Education) on behalf of the College voor Examens (CvE) (Board of Examinations). CvE is nonetheless still responsible for the organisation, development of the State Examinations NT2, and provision of sample papers.
The actual execution of the examination is done by , a testing and measurement company with international reputation, and Bureau ICE. While Cito is responsible for the listening and speaking exam, Bureau ICE is responsible for the reading and writing exam. Therefore, Cito also provides further training for markers for the speaking exam and facilitates the entire process of grading for this part of the exam.
Level of examinations
As different levels of language competence are needed for working and for studying, there are two levels of examination, which could be chosen by the candidates. Programme 1 should be taken by candidates who need to work or be under vocational training in a Dutch environment. Programme 2 certifies that the candidates who pass the test have mastered enough Dutch for employment or education in college or university. These exams are set according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), where Programme 1 corresponds to the B1 level and Programme 2 corresponds to the B2 level.
Structure
The examination consists of four sections: reading, listening, writing and speaking. A candidate gets the Diploma NT2, only if they pass all four parts.
Candidates complete the listening and speaking tests on a computer, and finish the writing tests partly on the computer and partly on an answer sheet. For the reading test, the reading texts would be printed on a booklet and the candidates should mark their answers on the computer.
Registration
The exam is registered through the website of DUO. The exam could be taken at Amsterdam, Eindhoven, Delft, Rotterdam, Utrecht and Zwolle almost every week.
Preparation
Sample papers for the exam are available. Candidates may also decide to enroll in preparation courses offered by various language schools.
Results
The result for the exam is marked either as "Satisfactory" or "Not satisfactory". The result is announced about five weeks after the exam.
Recognition
A pass in Programme 2 can fulfil the language requirement for enrollment in college or university in the Netherlands. According to the Dutch nationality law and Integration law for immigrants to the Netherlands, a pass in Programme 1 can exempt candidates from taking the language test in the process of immigration and naturalisation.
See also
CNaVT
References
External links
Staatsexamen NT2 at the Website of CvE
CITO
Language tests
Dutch language
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外痔的肉球出血严重吗？发生于肛管齿线以下的痔疮。肛门不洁及异物感、肿胀、疼痛及肛门充血。症性外痔和血栓性外痔可引起肛门剧烈疼痛，影响人们生活和工作。肛门湿疹、感染、出血。那么，外痔的肉球出血严重吗？让我们一起来详细的了解一下吧肛垫下移学说肛管黏膜下的静脉、平滑肌、结缔组织组成肛垫。局部弹性回缩作用减弱后，肛垫充血、下移并增生肥大，导致本病。静脉曲张学说与局部静脉扩张淤血有关。引起静脉回流受阻、扩张的因素包括快长期坐立、便秘、妊娠、前列腺肥大、盆腔肿瘤等。诱发因素长期饮酒、进食刺激性食物，肛周感染，营养不良等可诱发本病。肛门不适，坠胀疼痛，活动或排便时疼痛加剧。便后肛门部不易清洁，有分泌物，常有刺激感和瘙痒。在外痔被擦破或是感染后会有出血。依据病史、临床表现和检查结果，直肠镜检查可看清痔的部位、大小、形态。肛门指诊可触及痔结节。无症状的痔不需治疗；有症状的痔可物理治疗及中医中药等治疗，必要时手术治疗。严重外痔患者须手术治疗才能痊愈。一般采取传统手术切除。手术方式：①血栓性外痔剥离术：适用于血栓性外痔保守治疗后疼痛不缓解或肿块不缩小者。②传统痔切除术，即外剥内扎术。③痔环切术。调整大便习惯，保持大便通畅，避免蹲厕过久，便后或睡前用温水坐浴。治疗原发病。对患有全身性慢性疾病的患者，注意营养素的补充和治疗，可以减少痔疮的发生。正合理的饮食，保持充足的水分。宜多食富含维生素和纤维素的新鲜的水果和蔬菜，可润肠的饮料，如苹果、香蕉、蜂蜜等，以利保持大便通畅。长期饮酒不但对肝脏有损害，而且也可促进痔疮的形成，痔疮患者应戒酒，同时避免辛辣、油腻等刺激性的食物和过度的吸烟。
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徐州东站位于中国江苏省徐州市东郊狼山，为京沪高铁七大中心枢纽站之一，2009年11月26日开工建设，2011年6月30日启用，其核心区规划面积为5.2平方公里。
车站结构
站房
徐州东站有东、西两个站房。其中西站房为侧式站房，建筑面积为15000平方米；东站房为高架站房，建筑面积为30000平方米，两者通过天桥连接。目前徐州东站西站房原则上用作京沪高速铁路上行列车（车次尾号均为复数）进站，东站房原则上用作京沪高速铁路下行、徐兰、徐盐、连徐客运专线方向列车（车次尾号均为单数）进站，不过紧急情况下乘客可通过任意站房进站。
徐州东站西站房于2011年投入使用，设计最高聚集人数为2500人，站房综合楼为地上两层，另有地下架空层。东站房建成前，徐州东站因既有西站房规模无法适应日益增长的客流而常常会爆棚的缘故被中国铁路迷称为“爆棚东站”，远远不能满足四条高铁同时开通后的需求，徐州市政府为此于2015年在既有京沪场东侧新建子站房，包括横跨徐兰场的高架候车厅和侧式站房，面积30000平方米。2019年12月16日，东站房随着徐宿淮盐铁路的通车运营而投入使用。
站场
车站设13台28线，其中正线4条，到发线24条；站台包括2个侧式站台，11个岛式站台；其中京沪场规模7台15线，徐兰场（又名徐淮场）6台13线。
徐州房建公寓段于2022年8月对部分起拱站台进行修复工程。
旅客列车目的地
截至2016年4月，共有211班列车在徐州东站停靠。徐州东站的始发列车可前往、、、、、等站，过路列车则可前往更多车站。
图片
参见
徐州站
邻近车站
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参考资料
徐州市铁路车站
2011年啟用的鐵路車站
中国铁路上海局集团车站
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KHAR (590 AM) is a commercial sports radio station in Anchorage, Alaska, United States. It features programming from the CBS Sports Radio network. Owned by Alpha Media, its studios are located in Anchorage (two blocks west of Dimond Center), and its transmitter is in the Bayshore neighborhood in South Anchorage.
History
KHAR went on the air in 1961. The station was founded by Willis "Bill" Harpel, who previously worked at KFQD and owned stations in Washington state. He founded Sourdough Broadcasters, and would launch KHAR-FM (now KBRJ) and KHAR-TV (now KYUR) prior to his accidental death in January 1968. His family, particularly widow Patricia and son Craig, would continue to run Sourdough Broadcasters for many more decades.
During its earlier decades, KHAR, like many AM stations, aired a general format, including music and news. Notable aspects of early programming included broadcasting messages to Bush residents, a practice once fairly common among urban broadcasters in Alaska, but found on very few stations today. The station was also noted for carrying the commentaries of Ruben Gaines, a onetime poet laureate of Alaska known for creating the character "Chilkoot Charlie".
KHAR programmed an adult standards format, or minor variations thereof, from at least the 1970s until 2013. The station's branding, Heart Radio 59, was also featured for decades. KHAR was one of very few commercial stations in Alaska whose format more or less remained intact during the era of broadcasting company consolidation which began in the 1990s.
Resultant from that consolidation, KHAR was one of a number of Anchorage stations acquired by Morris Communications. It shared studios with its sister stations in the Morris Alaska building near the Dimond Center. On May 1, 2013, KHAR changed its format from adult standards to sports, with programming from CBS Sports Radio.
Morris Communications sold KHAR and 32 other stations to Alpha Media LLC effective September 1, 2015, at a purchase price of $38.25 million.
Translator
KHAR is also broadcast on the following FM translator:
See also
List of radio stations in Alaska
References
External links
FCC History Cards for KHAR
1961 establishments in Alaska
Radio stations established in 1961
HAR
Sports radio stations in the United States
Alpha Media radio stations
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Warwick Township is the name of three places in Pennsylvania, USA:
Warwick Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Warwick Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania
Warwick Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
See also
Warwick Township (disambiguation)
Pennsylvania township disambiguation pages
de:Warwick Township
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宫颈锥切术后多久复查伤口愈合情况？宫颈锥切术不仅具有诊断宫颈病变的效果，还具有清除宫颈病变的效果。只要它积极配合医生进行手术治疗，就可以达到非常明显的治疗效果。宫颈锥切术后的复查项目包括：妇科检查、白带常规、宫颈TCT、阴道镜和彩色超声等，通过这些检查可以了解手术效果和术后伤口愈合情况，必须积极配合专业医生复查，审查项目的具体要求还需要医生根据患者的病情和手术情况做出决定。患者必须在手术后定期复查工作，通常在一到三个月后坚持每月复查。以下是宫颈锥切后的复查时间和复查项目。宫颈锥切术后三个月，患者应到医院检查。审查项目包括：妇科检查、白带常规、宫颈TCT、阴道镜检查、腹部彩超等，通过这些检查可以清楚了解手术效果，以及术后患者的身体恢复和伤口愈合必须与专业医生积极协调。由于每个人的具体情况，审查结果将有所不同。医生将决定根据病情审查项目。患者唯一要做的就是与医生配合复查时，一般要注意休息，不要过度劳累，避免剧烈运动和重体力劳动。宫颈锥切术后，必须到医院进行定期复查。只有这样，你才能知道患者术后机体的恢复情况，是否有复发，异常可以积极对症治疗，并且由于延误治疗不会加重病情。通常应该吃更多清淡营养的食物，最好少吃多餐，不能吃太多，或吃偏食和挑食，以免影响手术后的恢复。有趣的事情，激发情绪改善情绪将是非常有帮助的。宫颈锥切术后的复查项目一般不多，如果没有异常，只能进行彩色超声检查，彩色超声检查可以清楚地看到生殖器状况，你可以理解伤口是如何愈合的，并且它已经完全愈合。在任何时间同房后，不会影响伤口和手术效果。
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Kluczewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przemęt, within Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Przemęt, south-east of Wolsztyn, and south-west of the regional capital Poznań.
References
Kluczewo
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月经不调的症状？月经可以说是女性的好闺蜜，每个月都要定时来访，但是月经很容易受到日常饮食、情绪和作息等多种方面的影响，所以月经发生紊乱的可能性就非常大，而这时就会出现多种不良表现。月经失调也称月经不调。是一种妇科常见疾病，表现为月经周期或出血量的异常，可伴月经前、经期时的腹痛及全身症状。病因可能是器质性病变或是功能失常。那么女性患上月经不调的症状有哪些呢？一、经期提前或推迟 月经不调的主要症状之一就是经期会受到影响，可能会出现经期提前的情况，这时月经周期就会缩短，一般来说如果少于21天，而且连续两次月经都是这样，就说明患上了月经紊乱。一般来说月经可能会错后三到四天左右，但如果月经一直很规律，突然出现经期推迟一个星期以上的情况，这时一般就是月经不调引起的。 二、经血量过少或过多 月经不调往往会导致经血量发生变化，正常情况下经血量应该在30~50毫升之间，如果经血少于20毫升，就说明经血量过少，若每次的阴道出血量超过80毫升，则表示经血量过多。三、月经时间延长 月经正常的女性每次来月经的时间一般为三到四天，如果月经期持续的时间过长，特别是超过一周以上，就可以判断为经期时间过长的月经不调症状。 四、闭经 闭经可以说是最为严重的一种月经不调症状，会直接导致月经不来，这种情况可能是原发性或者继发性因素所致，如果是继发性，就要警惕子宫肌瘤和宫颈癌等比较严重的妇科疾病发生，最好是及时去做腹部B超做检查。五、排卵期出血 月经不调也会引起排卵期出血的症状，不过一般不严重，可能只会在白带中夹杂有少许的血丝，但是要注意保持好卫生，做好阴部清洁工作，但如果出血量过多，就要及时到妇科门诊检查。说完月经不调的症状，我来说一下月经不调的调理，除了药物，还可以从食物上来调理比如益母草鸡蛋汤，这道菜主要制作材料为益母草、鸡蛋。这道美食具有补肝养血、活血养颜的功效，可治气血瘀滞之痛经、月经不调、产后恶露不止、功能性子宫出血等疾病。
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The Big Picture is the twenty-fifth studio album by English musician Elton John, released in September 1997. It includes four worldwide singles: "Live Like Horses" (a duet with Luciano Pavarotti only for the single version), "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" (released as a double A-side with "Candle in the Wind 1997"), "Recover Your Soul" and "If the River Can Bend".
Background
The album has a strong orchestral emphasis with string arrangements written by Anne Dudley and John's then backup keyboardist Guy Babylon. In 2006, John revealed in an interview that Bernie Taupin, his longtime friend and lyricist, considers this his least favourite album they have created, while John believes that to be Leather Jackets from 1986. Taupin dislikes this album because of the overall quality of his lyrical contribution and because "the production is abysmally cold and technical".
The album was dedicated to John's friend, popular fashion designer Gianni Versace, who was murdered a few months before the album's release. This was John's last album to date to be produced by Chris Thomas, who had worked with John almost nonstop since 1981's The Fox. This is the only album in which neither Davey Johnstone nor bassist Bob Birch (during his tenure as John's bassist from 1992–2012) provide backing vocals. Drummer Charlie Morgan was let go from the band shortly after the album's release and soon replaced by Curt Bisquera and John's original drummer Nigel Olsson, who remains in the lineup to this day.
Track listing
All songs written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin.
Outtakes
"Live Like Horses" was originally recorded in 1994 and intended for John's previous studio album, Made in England, but lack of time for the inclusion ruled this out. The single version of the song, released in 1996, was a duet with Luciano Pavarotti, but the song is performed solo for this album. The version with Pavarotti was later included on the bonus disc edition of John's compilation Greatest Hits 1970–2002.
"Past Imperfect" and an alternate version of "Recover Your Soul" were completed by John for inclusion on The Big Picture. Both songs have yet to see official release.
Personnel
Elton John – vocals, acoustic piano (all tracks), organ (1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11)
Guy Babylon – keyboards (1-9, 11), string arrangements
Paul Carrack – organ (6)
Matthew Vaughan – keyboards (10), percussion (10)
Davey Johnstone – guitars (all tracks)
John Jorgenson – guitars (all tracks)
Bob Birch – bass (all tracks)
Charlie Morgan – drums, percussion (all tracks)
Paul Clarvis – tabla (8)
Anne Dudley – string arrangements and conductor
Carol Kenyon – backing vocals (1, 6, 8)
Angel Voices Choir – choir (2)
East London Gospel Choir – choir (4)
Jackie Rowe – backing vocals (6, 8)
Production
Produced by Chris Thomas
Recorded at The Townhouse, London, UK.
Strings recorded at Air Lyndhurst, London, UK.
Engineered by Pete Lewis
Assistant Engineers – Andy Green, Ben Georgiades and Jay Reynolds.
Studio Coordinators – Adrian Collee and Pete Mills
Session Coordinators – Maureen Hillier, Ranni Lewis and Derek Mackillop.
Management – John Reid
Design – Rick Lecoat and Julian Schnabel
Painting and Still Life Photography – Julian Schnabel
Portrait – Mario Testino
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
External links
Elton John albums
1997 albums
Albums produced by Chris Thomas (record producer)
The Rocket Record Company albums
Albums recorded at Townhouse Studios
Albums recorded at AIR Studios
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奥扎格雷钠注射液的副作用（不良反应）？血液：由于有出血的倾向，要仔细观察，出现异常立即停止给药。肝肾：偶有GOT、GPT、BUN升高。消化系统：偶有恶心、呕吐、腹泻、食欲不振、胀满感。过敏反应：偶见荨麻疹、皮疹等，发生时停止给药。循环系统：偶有室上心律不齐、血压下降，发现时减量或终止给药。其他：偶有头痛、发烧、注射部位疼痛、休克及血小板减少等。严重不良反应可出现出血性脑梗塞、硬膜外血肿、脑内出血、消化道出血、皮下出血等。
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Badea Cârțan (roughly: Brother Cârțan – the common nickname of Gheorghe Cârțan; 24 January 1849 – 7 August 1911) was a self-taught ethnic Romanian shepherd who fought for the independence of the Romanians of Transylvania (then under Hungarian rule inside Austria-Hungary), distributing Romanian-language books that he secretly brought from Romania to their villages. In all he smuggled some 200,000 books for pupils, priests, teachers and peasants; he used several routes to pass through the Făgăraş Mountains.
He was born in Cârțișoara, present-day Sibiu County, the second child of poor peasants (Nicolae and Ludovica) who were former serfs, and he spent his childhood tending sheep at the edge of his village. In between his later brushes with fame, he would always return to this activity. He became the head of his family on 2 October 1865 with the death of his father.
Cârţan first crossed the mountains into the Romanian Old Kingdom with his sheep and a friend at the age of 18, and it was at that time that his interest in Romanian national unity became powerful. In 1877 he enrolled as a volunteer in the Romanian War of Independence, serving until 1881. In 1895 he travelled to Vác and Szeged to visit imprisoned Romanians, including the signatories of the Transylvanian Memorandum. Badea Cârțan himself was arrested twice: once because he asked the Emperor-King Franz Joseph at Vienna for Transylvania's self-determination, and once because he asked the authorities for permission to sell Romanian books.
Cârțan made a journey on foot to Rome, and when he arrived at the city's edge after 45 days, said, "Bine te-am găsit, maica Roma" ("Pleased to meet you, mother Rome"). He wished to see Trajan's Column with his own eyes, as well as other evidences of the Latin origin of the Romanian people. After pouring Romanian soil and wheat at the column's base, he wrapped himself in a peasant's coat (cojoc) and fell asleep at the column's base. The next day he was awakened by a policeman who shouted in amazement, "A Dacian has fallen off the column!", as Cârţan was dressed just like the Dacians carved into the column; the event was reported in Roman newspapers and Duiliu Zamfirescu, Romanian representative in Italy, showed him around the city and introduced him to its important personalities. This January-February 1896 trip was but one of three visits to Rome; on his last, in October 1899, on the occasion of a meeting of the International Congress of Orientalists, he laid a wreath at the column's base.
Cârțan also visited France, Spain, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Egypt and Jerusalem.
He was buried in Sinaia, on soil belonging to independent Romania (Transylvania still being seven years away from its post-World War I union with Romania); on the stone cross atop his grave is inscribed the phrase: "Aici doarme Badea Cârțan visând întregirea neamului său" ("Here lies Badea Cârțan dreaming of the unity of his people").
References
Dicţionar enciclopedic român, Editura Politică, Bucharest, 1962
2004 statement on Cârţan by Romanian MP Victor Bercăroiu
Biography
"Dacul din Columna" ("The Dacian from the Column"), Jurnalul Naţional, 10 April 2005
Mari Români - Cârţan came in 100th place in the 2006 contest to determine the Greatest Romanian.
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to Romania
Prahova Valley
Activists from Austria-Hungary
Romanian Land Forces personnel
Romanian military personnel of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
Romanian Austro-Hungarians
Shepherds
People from Sibiu County
1849 births
1911 deaths
Smugglers
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Tenuipalpus elegans is a species of mite in the genus Tenuipalpus.
References
External links
Trombidiformes
Animals described in 1973
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去检查妇科病要多少钱？妇科病是目前女性最常出现的，也是最为忌惮的一种疾病，主要包括妇科炎症，像阴道炎、宫颈炎、子宫内膜炎、盆腔炎等；妇科肿瘤，像良性肿瘤、恶性肿瘤，比如良性肿瘤是子宫肌瘤，恶性肿瘤是卵巢癌等；月经失调，比如月经量多或者月经量少；另外，妇科病还包括不孕不育，生殖器发育畸形，比如外阴发育畸形、阴道畸形以及子宫发育等。妇科病的检查有多项目，其检查费用也是各不相同，不能一概而论的；专业妇科的检查项目种类比较多，其中包括局部的妇科常规检查，还有超声检查，再就是化学检查，也就是所说的实验室检查，局部的常规检查有双合诊阴道检查；超声检查是检查子宫、附件和盆腔脏器；实验室检查通常会检查白带常规，有必要时可能还会做宫颈脱落细胞检查以及HPV检测，后两者就是所谓的宫颈癌筛查，一般是针对癌前病变做这样的检查。需要进行妇科检查的时候，可以根据具体的身体情况以及个人所想检查的情况，选择一些合适的检查项目，所以，具体的检查费用就不是非常确定的了。预防妇科病，在日常生活中，需要注意性生活卫生，避免经期及炎症急性期性生活，性生活前双方注意生殖器清洁；性伴侣固定，性生活节制，避免过于频繁。避免宫腔操作，注意避孕，减少不必要的人流；注意个人卫生，应每天温清水清洗外阴，避免使用护理液，穿纯棉、宽松内裤，袜子和内裤分开洗，内裤在阳光下晾晒，定期更换毛巾及内裤，避免使用公共场所的毛巾等；游泳或泡温泉时注意卫生情况和个人防护，会阴部应使用干净纸张由前往后擦拭；加强锻炼，增加营养，增强体质等。
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西科羅拉多（），是巴西的城鎮，位於該國西北部，由朗多尼亞州負責管轄，始建於1981年6月16日，面積1,451平方公里，海拔高度460米，2010年人口18,591，人口密度每平方公里12.81人。
參考資料
Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics -
朗多尼亞州市鎮
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Simonie Michael (; first name also spelled Simonee, alternative surnames Michel or E7-551; March 2, 1933November 15, 2008) was a Canadian politician from the eastern Northwest Territories (now Nunavut) who was the first Inuk elected to a legislature in Canada. Before becoming involved in politics, Michael worked as a carpenter and business owner, and was one of very few translators between Inuktitut and English. He became a prominent member of the Inuit co-operative housing movement and a community activist in Iqaluit, and was appointed to a series of governing bodies, including the precursor to the Iqaluit City Council.
After becoming the first elected Inuk member of the Northwest Territories Legislative Council, in 1966, Michael worked on infrastructural and public health initiatives. He is credited with bringing public attention to the dehumanizing effects of the disc number system that was used in place of surnames for Inuit, and with prompting the government to authorise Project Surname to replace the numbers with names.
Early life
Michael was born between Kimmirut (then Lake Harbour) and Iqaluit (then Frobisher Bay), and was described as being from Apex, Iqaluit. His step-father, Tigullagaq, worked for the Hudson's Bay Company. While Michael was a child during World War II, the United States Army Air Force constructed several air bases around Iqaluit, and employed him in a series of jobs: as a dish washer, cook, stock boy, quartermaster, and later a heavy equipment operator. The military airfield construction would lead to the development of the city of Iqaluit, but it left Michael with several negative impressions. He would later say that the American military did not provide compensation for much of the labour that Inuit workers performed, including three months of work transporting wood. He also recalled that when Inuit residents were relocated to a nearby island to make space for the military construction projects, no means of transportation were given for them to travel between the island and the mainland.
Despite the policy of racial separation enforced by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in Iqaluit during the 1940s and into the 1950s, Michael was one of the residents who worked in various jobs for the American military, and he was able to learn English through that work. By the time he was 15 or 16 he had become noted for his skill as a translator. He has been described as the only Inuk in Iqaluit who could translate between Inuktitut and English in the mid-1950s, though some sources mention other translators around the same time. While working at the American military base, Michael became close friends with Joe Tikivik, who would later become his business partner.
Over the following years employees of the Canadian government working in and near Iqaluit sought out Michael because of his knowledge of English, so he had numerous early interactions with the Canadian government. Around the time that Michael began working as a government interpreter he also got married. At the start of the marriage he and his wife lived with her mother and father.
Employment and activism
Before his election to the Northwest Territories Legislative Council at the age of 33, Michael worked as a carpenter, and ran a taxi and bus service. Together with Abe Okpik and Joe Tikivik, Michael also founded Inuk Ltd., a cleaning and construction company that at one time had 50 employees.
Michael was a prominent activist in Iqaluit. He founded a housing co-operative that built 15 new houses in Iqaluit, at a time when the co-operative housing movement was a major focus of Inuit activism and would quickly become the largest private sector employer of Indigenous people. In 1956, Michael and his wife became the first residents of Iqaluit to have an insulated house constructed. Michael was also a sculptor, producing several carvings of animals. Several of his sculptures have been sold at auction, and some of his sculptures have been housed in the University of Lethbridge Art Gallery.
Before Michael's candidacy for territory-wide office, Ronald Duffy writes that he already "had been named to just about every Iqaluit council and board in which Inuit [had] a voice". This included the municipal council that preceded the Iqaluit City Council. Michael was also one of two Inuuk chosen in 1953 to attend the Coronation of Elizabeth II as representatives of Canada.
Campaign and election
Michael was encouraged to run in the 1966 by-election to the Northwest Territories Legislative Council by Stu Hodgson, later the Commissioner of the Northwest Territories. The creation of several new districts, increasing the legislative body up to 13 members, had left three openings for one-year terms to the council without any incumbents. Michael contested the election in the Eastern Arctic district against two non-Inuit candidatesWelland Phipps ("Weldy"), the president of Atlas Aviation, and Gordon Rennie, Iqaluit mayor and manager of the Hudson's Bay Company storeand he was elected to the 5th Northwest Territories Legislative Council.
Michael's election made him the first elected Inuk legislator in a Canadian province or territory, preceding Peter Ittinuar's election as the first Inuit member of the federal government. Some sources have identified Michael as the first elected Aboriginal Canadian, but others had been elected before, such as Frank Calder. Though Michael was Canada's first elected Inuit legislator, he was its second Inuit legislator overall, since Abe Okpik had been appointed to the Northwest Territories Legislative Council in 1965.
Legislative career
First speech
Michael's inaugural speech to the Legislative Assembly lasted 90 minutes and was given in Inuktitut. In this inaugural speech, he argued that discriminatory practices remained common in the Northwest Territories, despite the council having passed legislation outlawing discrimination. As an example he mentioned the Arctic Circle Club lounge, in which Inuit were not permitted to drink. The lounge ended that policy shortly after Michael's speech. However, in response to Michael speaking in Inuktitut, the legislature adopted a rule that all subsequent comments to the assembly would have to be in English.
Project Surname
The issue that Michael is most closely identified with is the first legislative action on the question of Inuit disc numbers. In the 1940s, the Government of Canada had decided that it was unable to track Inuit using their traditional names, and it assigned numbers to each individual Inuk using a type of dog tag system. Michael spoke out against this system in the Legislative Assembly, explaining that his mail was sent to Simonie E7-551 rather than Simonie Michael, and protesting to the Commissioner of the Northwest Territories that his mail should be sent to his full name. Although this issue had been raised previously by Abe Okpik in the Legislative Assembly and was becoming increasingly salient, Michael is widely credited with attracting the attention of the press and prompting the government to pass a motion authorizing Project Surname, in which Okpik spent the years between 1968 and 1971 travelling throughout the Northwest Territories and recording each Inuk's preferred surname to replace their disc numbers. Michael's speech about the disc number system to the territorial council has been identified as the trigger that led to the system's end.
Health and infrastructure
Michael was involved in several motions pertaining to infrastructure and health in the legislature. In response to a rise in alcoholism, he prompted a referendum that restricted the availability of liquor in Iqaluit in the late 1960s. He pushed for the creation of infrastructure that would make health care more available in Iqaluit, since the prevailing practice was to take those in need of major medical care away from Iqaluit to medical centres elsewhere, which caused sick people to undergo travel and to remain separate from their family and community during their treatment.
Housing
Michael made housing a major legislative focus. In 1969, he was involved in legislation to improve living conditions at Clyde River. The town there was home to 210 people, but was built on top of a layer of muskeg that covered permafrost, which made building a major challenge and water drainage a perennial concern. There was poor health care availability, and an overcrowded school that housed 88 students, more than it had the resources to accommodate. Michael was active in legislative discussions on how to address these challenges through a large-scale building program.
Michael also toured the Belcher Islands in 1969 with Stu Hodgson. Finding the housing situation there to be one of the worst in the Northwest Territories, he wrote to the federal government and advocated for 20 new permanent houses to be built there. These efforts, and those of the Commissioner of the Northwest Territories, prompted the federal government to study the situation and ultimately provide materials for emergency housing.
Subsequent life and legacy
After serving for four years in the legislature, Michael was succeeded by Bryan Pearson as the representative for the Eastern Arctic district in 1970. After leaving government, several of Michael's small sculptures of animals were sold at auction, and he gave some interviews about his life. He died in Iqaluit on November 15, 2008, at the age of 75.
Michael was elected only sixteen years after Inuit gained the right to vote in 1950, and only six years after the franchise was truly expanded in 1960 by making ballot boxes widely available in Inuit communities. This expansion of voting rights remained controversial; for example, in 1962, then-Senator Thomas Crerar called it an "error" and advocated revoking the right for Inuit in the eastern Arctic to vote. The year 1967, when Michael began to serve in the legislative council of the Northwest Territories, was also the first that the council met permanently in the north; previously it had moved around the territories, often meeting in Ottawa and governing the Northwest Territories remotely from there.
Given this context, Eva Aariak, the Premier of Nunavut, described Michael's election as "an important step forward in the evolution of our territory and its democratic institutions." Similarly, the academics Peter Kulchyski and Frank James Tester identify Michael as an important member of a "unique" generation of Inuit leaders "who seized their time to forge a new politics in the arctic", and whose leadership "deserves special recognition". As the first elected Inuk in a Canadian legislature, Michael described his role as "telling white people about the Eskimo".
Michael was a recipient of the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002. Two roads were named after him in Apex: Simonie Michael Crescent, and Simonie Michael Lane. In 2020, a boat that was owned by Michael was at Apex beach, and there were proposals to preserve it.
References
1933 births
2008 deaths
Animal artists
Inuit from Nunavut
Inuit from the Northwest Territories
Inuit politicians
Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories
Politicians in Nunavut
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Elena Spirgevičiūtė (22 December 1924 – 4 January 1944) was a Lithuanian student. She was shot and killed by Soviet partisans for refusing to satisfy them sexually. One of the four men, Alfonsas Čeponis was posthumously recognized as the Hero of the Soviet Union. She was a devoted Catholic and is recognized as a Servant of God. Her beatification case was initiated by the Archdiocese of Kaunas in 2000.
Biography
Spirgevičiūtė was born in Kaunas into a family of Lithuanian workers. She was the oldest of three children. She began attending school at the age of seven and later joined the scouts movement. After finishing her primary studies, Elena was enrolled at the Saulė Society Girls’ Gymnasium of Kaunas, directed by the Sisters of Saint Casimir. During the school years, she kept a diary from 2 October 1940 to 2 June 1942 which reflected her ordinary day-to-day life and connection to God. She graduated in 1943 and wanted to study medicine at the Vytautas Magnus University, but the university was closed by the occupying German authorities. She then took courses in German and French hoping to become a teacher. In fall 1943, she received a teaching assignment in Jonava, but decided to remain home due to the ongoing war.
At about 10pm on 3 January 1944, four men gained entry into Spirgevičius's home by claiming to be police officers. These Soviet partisans demanded to be given food and drank vodka that they brought. They pocketed any valuables and began harassing women for sex. Stasė Žukaitė, Spirgevičiūtė's aunt and neighbor born in 1916, heard the noise and came to investigate. When she tried to run away to get help, she was shot and killed. The men raped Spirgevičiūtė's mother and threatened Spirgevičiūtė to give in to their advances. However, she steadfastly refused. Reportedly, her last words were "Only I will die, you will live" () to her family. She was shot under the right eye. Since her right hand was grazed by the bullet, it is believed that she was crossing herself.
The murders attracted public attention. The funeral was attended by a crowd of people; an obituary of the two women was published in Kaunas daily Ateitis. They were buried in the old Kaunas city cemetery. When it was transformed into the Ramybė Park, they were reburied in the Eiguliai cemetery.
Soviet investigation
In July 1958, on the 40th anniversary of the Komsomol, three members of the Komsomol from Kaunas were posthumously recognized as the Heroes of the Soviet Union, the highest military award in the Soviet Union. Among them were Alfonsas Čeponis, a Soviet partisan killed by the Gestapo on 24 January 1944. Spirgevičiūtė's mother sent a complaint to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union protesting the award as Čeponis was one of the four men who raped her and killed her daughter and sister. The complaint was investigated by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania.
The investigation acknowledged that Čeponis, a member of the Death to the Occupiers partisan group, participated in the incident. The other participants were Fedor Semenovich Tsabizov (codename Iurka), Mikhail Nikolaevich Lukianov (codename Mishka), and an unidentified partisan known only by his codename Grishka (all were killed during the war). While the report acknowledged "occasional breaches of partisan discipline", the "operation" was justified as a wartime necessity to secure food supplies. The murders of Spirgevičiūtė and Žukaitė, both attributed to Grishka, were justified "due to their links with the police" and "as an act of self-defence".
Legacy
Priest Pranas Račiūnas became interested in Spirgevičiūtė's life, collected information about her, and made several copies of her diary. However, he was arrested by the MGB in 1949 and sentenced to 25 years in Gulag. In 1977, the illegal Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Lithuania mentioned Spirgevičiūtė as a martyr. In 1984, the 40th anniversary of her death, priest Krizantas Juknevičius began collecting data for her beatification. After Lithuania regained independence in 1990, it became possible to publicly commemorate Spirgevičiūtė. In 1990, Juknevičius affixed a memorial plaque with inscription It is better to die than to sin () to the Church of St. Anthony of Padua in Kaunas. In 1992, her brother published a book Mirtis atėjo iš Muravos (Death Came from Murava) about Spirgevičiūtė and her murder. In October 1998, her brother erected a statue of an angel at the location of the house where Spirgevičiūtė was killed.
The Congregation for the Causes of Saints issued the decree nihil obstat for her beatification process on 22 October 1999. In January 2000, the Archdiocese of Kaunas under the leadership of Archbishop Sigitas Tamkevičius officially opened her beatification case.
References
1924 births
1944 deaths
Lithuanian Servants of God
People from Kaunas
Lithuanian Roman Catholics
Catholic people executed by the Soviet Union
Lithuanian people executed by the Soviet Union
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L谷氨酰胺呱仑酸钠颗粒药理作用？本品由植物中提取的有效成分配制而成，被机体直接吸收，参与机体正常代谢活动，所以无明确的毒理作用。
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Molefe Pheto (born 1935) is a former South African musician and music teacher who, as an activist in the Black Consciousness Movement, became a political prisoner in 1975. He was a friend and spokesperson of South African President Nelson Mandela.
Early life
Pheto was born in 1935 in Alexandra Township, South Africa, where he grew up.
Career
Pheto was an active participant in the Black Consciousness Movement since 1970. In 1971 he founded Mhloti, working with others such as Wally Serote, producing music, poetry, and theatrical events and performing speeches by political activists and schools, churches and political rallies. He organised three Black Arts festivals for MDALI (the Music, Drama, Arts and Literature Institute in Soweto), of which he was a founder member and spokesman, and in 1975 he was detained under South Africa's 1963 Terrorism Act for 10 months. He was held in Johannesburg's police headquarters, John Vorster Square.
In 1977, Pheto left South Africa and, after the murder of Steve Biko, began a life of exile in Britain. In 1983, Allison & Busby published his memoir, And Night Fell: Memoirs of a Political Prisoner in South Africa, which was banned in South Africa.
After 20 years in Britain, Pheto returned to South Africa and settled on a farm in Magaliesburg, publishing his second book, entitled The Bull from Moruleng: Vistas of Home and Exile, in 2014. He is a member of the Azanian People's Organisation (AZAPO).
Bibliography
And Night Fell: Memoirs of a Political Prisoner in South Africa, London: Allison and Busby, 1983.
The Bull from Moruleng: Vistas of Home and Exile, Ekaam Books, 2014.
References
1935 births
Living people
People from Alexandra, Gauteng
South African activists
Black Consciousness Movement
South African musicians
South African educators
South African male writers
South African non-fiction writers
Male non-fiction writers
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（，）是一名英国程序员，主要因创建和维护PuTTY（一个用于Unix與Windows API平台下的Telnet和SSH远程登录客户端以及Xterm终端模拟器的免费软件）而闻名，他也是Netwide Assembler（NASM）的原作者，同时许多软件开发人员推荐用户在向他们报告软件错误前阅读他的文章：《How to Report Bugs Effectively》（如何有效地报告错误）。
他还维护着一系列颇受欢迎的小型益智游戏程序，它们在任天堂DS、塞班S60、Unix（GTK+、安卓、mac os）以及Windows上都可以运行。
他毕业于剑桥大学，目前在ARM控股公司工作。
参见
计算机程序员列表
参考文献
外部链接
1977年出生
劍橋大學校友
英國程式設計師
自由软件程序员
在世人物
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Tony L. Bennett (March 11, 1940) is an American politician and police officer.
Bennett was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota and graduated from Johnson High School in Saint Paul, Minnesota. He went to the University of St. Thomas about business management and to the University of Minnesota. He lived in Saint Paul with his wife and family. Bennett served with the Saint Paul Police Department. He served on the Ramsey County Commission from 1997 to 2012 and was the chair of the county commission in 2006. Bennett was a Republican. He served in the United States Marshals Service from 1990 to 1994. Bennett served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1971 to 1974 and from 1983 to 1990.
References
1940 births
2022 deaths
Politicians from Saint Paul, Minnesota
American municipal police officers
University of Minnesota alumni
University of St. Thomas (Minnesota) alumni
County commissioners in Minnesota
Republican Party members of the Minnesota House of Representatives
United States Marshals
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The Sleeping Car Murders (also known as The Sleeping Car Murder, French title: Compartiment tueurs) is a 1965 French mystery film directed by Costa-Gavras from the novel by Sébastien Japrisot. It stars Yves Montand, Simone Signoret, Michel Piccoli, Jean-Louis Trintignant, Catherine Allégret, Jacques Perrin, Charles Denner and Pascale Roberts. The film was the directorial debut of Costa-Gavras, to be followed later by other, more politically-oriented work.
Plot
The film begins with a young woman, Bambi (Catherine Allégret), boarding a train from Avignon to Paris. Also on her compartment are her fellow passengers, René Cabourg (Michel Piccoli), Georgette Thomas (Pascale Roberts), Rivolani (Paul Pavel), and famed actress Éliane Darrès (Allégret’s real-life mother Simone Signoret). She also meets Daniel (Jacques Perrin), a stowaway en route to Paris. After helping him avoid the ticket inspector, she allows him to sleep in an empty compartment above hers. Upon reaching Paris, realizing he had nowhere to go, she also allowed him to stay in her apartment and they start a relationship.
Meanwhile, in the train, Georgette is found dead in her bunk. Police Inspector Grazziani (Yves Montand) and his assistant Jean-Lou Gabert (Claude Mann) is assigned to handle the case. The other passengers are identified and are told to contact the police as possible eyewitnesses. The police also questioned Georgette’s lover, Bob Vaski (Charles Denner).
Cabourg, who was infatuated with Georgette and had been rebuffed by her on the train was the first to contact the police, but before he was able to testify, he was shot and killed by an unknown assailant.
The police start questioning the passengers, starting with Darrès, arriving at her apartment at the same time as Bambi and Daniel were about to return her wallet, taken earlier by Daniel. As the police enter the apartment her lover Éric Grandin (Jean-Louis Trintignant) is seen leaving. From Darrès, the police learn about the altercation between Georgette and Cabourg. She also told them about Daniel, but as the ticket had been registered by another person, they didn’t believe her.
Meanwhile Daniel and Bambi discovered a love letter from Grandin to Darrès in her wallet, as they read the letter the narration turns into a flashback and Darrès reminiscing on her relationship. As she was about to leave her apartment, Darrès was killed by the unknown assailant, while at the same time another assailant murders Rivolani. Both murders also occur before the police were able to talk to them.
Following Darrès’ murder, the police question Grandin as Daniel also arrives to returns the wallet and letter. They also learn that Darrès had asked her brother for a loan to be used to start a farm in South Africa with Grandin, alerting them that Grandin was in financial trouble and in need of money. Meanwhile the police interview Garaudy, the presumed sixth passenger on the compartment, but they discover that she did not board the train.
The assailants came to look for Bambi while only Daniel was present, he narrowly avoided them before warning her about the assailants and telling her to leave her office immediately and hide in a hotel close to her office under his name. He also contacts the police, admitting that he was the sixth passenger and reporting about the assailants.
The police discovered that a large sum of money have been withdrawn from Darrès’ account via a check. They found out that the man on the check is dead, arousing suspicion.
Meanwhile, Grazziani found out about Daniel being the sixth passenger and him discovering the assailants, while also learning that Jean-Lou posed as him while contacting Daniel and immediately raced off to find him, causing Grazziani to realize that Jean-Lou is one of the assailants.
Grazziani then contacts Daniel and discovers Daniel told Jean-Lou about being the sixth passenger, while also divulging his and Bambi’s plan to avoid the assailant. Grazziani then races to save both Daniel and Bambi, as he instructs Daniel by phone on what to do with regards to the assailants, while contacting the district police to protect him and find Bambi. He also proposes that Daniel be used as bait to catch the assailants.
Grazziani reached Bambi's hotel and upon finding that the district police couldn't find her organized a check on every room, he eventually manages to find her in one of the rooms, while also finding Grandin hiding in the hotel. Grandin divulges the plan to the police, the train murder was only a red herring intended to mask the real target, Darrès, causing the police to focus on the railroad crime and assuming that her murder was to eliminate witnesses, as they steal her money and run away together. He also told them that he and Jean-Lou forged the name on the check using data from the police records.
Meanwhile, Jean-Lou arrives at Daniel’s location, but Daniel manages to escape just as Grazziani arrives. Jean-Lou runs from the scene and a lengthy chase around Paris ensues, with a biker gang aiding the police in following Jean-Lou. The chase ends when Jean-Lou is cornered at a riverside road and he proceeded to shoot himself.
Cast
Yves Montand Inspector Grazziani "Grazzi"
Jacques Perrin as Daniel
Catherine Allégret as Benjamine Bombat aka "Bambi"
Pierre Mondy as Superintendent Tarquin
Claude Mann as Jean-Lou Gabert
Jean-Louis Trintignant as Éric Grandin
Simone Signoret as Éliane Darrès
Charles Denner as Bob Vaski
Michel Piccoli as René Cabourg
Pascale Roberts as Georgette Thomas
Jacques Dynam as Inspector Malec
André Valmy as Inspector
Philippe Rouleau as Inspector Antoine
Maurice Chevit as Inspector Moutard
Nadine Alari as Mme Grazziani
Monique Chaumette as Mme Rivolani
Paul Pavel as Rivolani
Bernadette Lafont as Georgette's sister
Christian Marin as Georgette's brother-in-law
Serge Rousseau as train controller
Jenny Orléans as Cabourg's sister.
Claude Dauphin as Eliane's brother
Daniel Gélin as the veterinarian
Tanya Lopert as Mme Garaudy
Charles Millot as medical examiner
Albert Michel as bartender
José Artur as journalist
William Sabatier as Superintendent Tuffi
Josée Steiner as employee at the hotel Arizona
André Weber as drunkard at the police headquarters
Edmond Ardisson as the telephone voice from Marseille
Jacqueline Staup as Bambi's boss
Dominique Zardi as Inspector in the café
Maurice Auzel as Inspector in the café
Marcel Bozzuffi as policeman
Georges Geret as policeman
Dominique Bernard as train employee
Lionel Vitrant as inspector
Nicole Desailly: janitor in Eliane's building
Jean Droze as a man in the Police headquarters
Claude Berri as a train employee
Françoise Arnoul as nurse in the veterinarian school
Serge Marquand as Georgette's lover
Denise Péron as drunk lady
Jean-Pierre Périer
Bernard Paul
Lucien Desagneaux
Reception
The New York Times said Costa-Gavras "whips it up with a lot of camera trickery and an abundance of cinematic style" but added that "the plot gets so thick and calculated that it becomes temporarily congealed." TV Guide called it "an intriguing, highly entertaining thriller" and praised "Costa-Gavras' taut direction" that "propels this somewhat impenetrable mystery along at breakneck speed." Time Out said that "the ending is one of those ingenious absurdities that haunt the genre, but the lively pace and attention to detail make up for the implausibility."
References
External links
1965 films
1965 directorial debut films
1960s mystery films
1960s psychological thriller films
CinemaScope films
French thriller films
Police detective films
French neo-noir films
Films directed by Costa Gavras
Films based on French novels
Films set in France
Films set in Paris
Rail transport films
1960s police procedural films
Films based on works by Sébastien Japrisot
1960s French films
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梅斯圍城戰發生於1870年8月19日至10月27日普法戰爭期間，結果普軍取得決定性勝利。
歷史
於格拉沃洛特战役戰敗之後，巴赞元帥撤退到梅斯要塞。8月19日他在那裡被由腓特烈·卡爾親王率領的普軍第二軍團包圍。 法軍曾經先後兩次於諾伊瑟維爾戰役和貝勒伍戰役之中嘗試突圍，但每次行動都被普軍擊退。雖然巴赞元帥並未請求任何支援，但麥克馬洪元帥仍然率領沙隆軍團前往支援巴赞元帥。可是在行軍途中，這支沙隆軍團卻在色當會戰中被普軍圍殲。10月27日巴赞元帥被迫全軍投降。 腓特烈·卡爾親王及其第二軍團現在可以騰空出來攻擊羅亞爾河一帶地區的法軍。德意志著名歌曲《守衞萊因》亦有一句歌詞以紀念此役。
普軍一方值得留意的一個地方是，德國著名哲學家尼采，當時亦以醫護兵的身份參與戰役。尼采因以於圍城期間染上白喉和痢疾，令他本身已經欠佳的身體狀況更形惡劣。
參考文獻
1870年普法战争战役
大東部大區歷史
梅斯
围困战
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Dak-dori-tang () or braised spicy chicken is a traditional Korean dish made by boiling chunks of chicken with vegetables and spices. The ingredients are sometimes stir-fried before being boiled. It is a jjim or jorim-like dish, and the recipe varies across the Korean peninsula. Common ingredients include potatoes, carrots, green and red chili peppers, dried red chili peppers, scallions, onions, garlic, ginger, gochujang (chili paste), gochutgaru (chili powder), soy sauce, and sesame oil.
Etymology debate
Some groups advocating linguistic purism in Korean argue against the use of the term dak-dori-tang () due to the perception that it is a Japanese-Korean hybrid, though the etymology of the middle word dori () is not definitively known. In South Korea, the National Institute of the Korean Language claims that the word came from Japanese tori (; "bird"), and suggests that the word should be refined into dak-bokkeum-tang (). However, the status of dori as a loanword has been subject to debate. This is because the institute has not presented the grounds for the argument besides the phonetic similarity of dori to the Japanese word tori. The word dori-tang appears in Haedong jukji, a 1925 collection of poems by the Joseon literatus Choe Yeongnyeon. In the book, Chinese characters do () ri () tang () were used to transliterate the Korean dish name. A food columnist argued that, had the word been Japanese, the character jo (; pronounced tori in Japanese) would have been used instead of the hanja transliteration of the Korean pronunciation. Alternative theories on the origin of dori include the assertions that it came from dyori (), the archaic form of Sino-Korean word jori (; "to cook"), and that it came from the native Korean verb dorida (; "to cut out"). None of the theories mentioned before has been widely accepted as the established etymology.
See also
Dapanji, a similar Uyghur/Chinese dish
References
Korean chicken dishes
Korean soups and stews
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Joggy Bear is a children's character created by Simon Gould, who tours with fitness guru Lizzie Webb. Joggy appeared in his own television series for Channel 4 in the 1980s and 1990s, in which Webb also starred in. The character teaches children about exercise and keeping fit.
Lizzie Webb, often known as "Mad Lizzie", presented exercise routines on the show. She created many workouts, such as "Shake-out with Lizzie and Joggy", which she and Joggy would create in every show to try to keep children active and Joogy fit. Joggy bear was number 2 in the video charts in the early 1990s. There were many videos made in the 1990s and two DVDs in 2005. Lizzie Webb and Joggy Bear now tour schools and venues around the UK.
"Joggy Bear" was played by the young actress Sophie Barnard, who famously has also been "Pudsey Bear" on BBC's UK charity show Children in Need. Sophie Barnard also played a role in the BAFTA Award winning children's television program Teletubbies, in which she has been acting as character Laa-Laa. Sophie got the role as Joggy Bear after auditioning for the role and being selected as the most qualified of the six applicants. Controversy broke out around Sophie's appointment to the role after it was rumoured that she entered into a relationship with Joggy Bear Producer Simon Gould.
Although the TV show ended in the early 1990s, Joggy has since continued, mainly off screen. Lizzie now tours with Joggy across the UK in 'Joggy's Keep Fit Club'.
UK VHS releases
UK DVD releases
References
External links
website includes a poster and a story.
Television characters
Anthropomorphic bears
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Tombleson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Esme Tombleson (1917–2010), New Zealand politician
Lloyd Tombleson (1883–1951), American educator, farmer, and politician
William Tombleson (1795–c. 1846), English artist
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苗栗市（臺灣客家語四縣腔：meuˇ lid sii），舊稱「貓裏」、「-{猫狸}-」，得名自平埔原住民道卡斯族「貓裏社」，前身「苗栗鎮」，位於臺灣苗栗縣中部，為苗栗縣縣治所在地。市內人口約8.6萬人，是苗栗縣人口第三多的行政區，其中客家人約佔該市人口的87%，通行語言為四縣腔客家話及中華民國國語。
1946年將苗栗街改制新竹縣苗栗區苗栗鎮，1950年改隸苗栗縣，並為縣治，1981年因屬縣治所在地而改為縣轄市。全市平原與丘陵地各佔一半，平原地區經濟活動主要為農業，丘陵地區則為林牧用地，受地形影響使當地工商業發展較慢，隨後由於交通建設的發展，促使當地商業活動的形成，在具備縣政中心地位的條件下，境內有數所縣級行政機關與高等教育及學術單位的分佈，也使苗栗市發展為苗栗縣的文教中心。
詞源
今苗栗市中苗、南苗地區古時候為原住民道卡斯族巴利社（Bari）居住地，其社名之原住民語意為「平原」。最初遷移至此的閩南人以其音近似靈貓科動物「-{貓貍}-」（俗體字作-{猫狸}-）之閩南語發音，即以此作為地名。其後官方文書亦有使用近音之-{貓裏}-、-{貓裡}-或-{貓里}-者。
清光緒15年（1889年）臺北府新竹縣分拆為兩縣之際，將貓狸依客家話發音改為近音雅字之苗栗，以作為新的縣名及日本時代的堡名，其後沿用至今。
歷史
依據考古學家的研究，苗栗縣已發掘史前遺址存在的年代，從四千年前的彩陶文化到兩千年前的黑陶文化都有。其中位於苗栗市的遺址，僅有「苗栗龜山遺址」一處，位於舊龜山大橋北端橋頭，即龜山大陂圳入水口上方斜坡，有稀疏的石器及陶片分佈。
在明鄭時代，苗栗縣一帶為平埔原住民道卡斯族的居住地之一，總共分為九社，其中「貓裡社」位於今苗栗市中苗、南苗地區，「嘉志閣社」則位於北苗地區。清朝康熙年間，漢人開始入墾，以來自廣東、福建地區的客家人居多。乾隆年間，貓裡、嘉志閣兩社合併為「貓閣社」。清光緒中葉，貓閣社移居「城南六里」（今新英里新英國小一帶），男女共二百八十餘人，其後裔仍居該地，舊地名即為「蕃社」。
清朝光緒15年（1889年），自臺北府新竹縣分拆出苗栗縣，為苗栗設縣之始，轄區為中港溪以南，大甲溪以北地區。同時，設縣治於「夢花街」，即今苗栗市建功里、玉清里一帶所轄範圍。
明治28年（1895年）大日本帝國殖民台灣後，苗栗廢縣而改為「苗栗支廳」，隸屬於台灣縣（次年改名「台中縣」）。明治30年（1897年）重置「新竹縣」，苗栗改隸之。明治31年（1898年）6月，廢新竹縣，苗栗改隸台北縣「新竹辦務署」；同年11月，苗栗復隸台中縣，並設「苗栗辦務署」。明治34年（1901年），又設立獨立的苗栗廳。明治42年（1909年），苗栗地方廢苗栗廳，改隸「新竹廳」。大正九年（1920年），復設苗栗街，為苗栗郡治，隸屬於「新竹州」。
第二次世界大战後，國民政府於民國35年（1946年）改「州、郡、街-{庄}-」為「縣、區、鄉鎮」。原苗栗街改稱「苗栗鎮」，為苗栗區區署所在地。政府遷台後，於民國39年（1950年）10月調整行政區域，將新竹縣分為桃園、新竹、苗栗三縣，苗栗縣正式恢復，設縣治於苗栗鎮。民國70年（1981年）12月，苗栗鎮因屬縣政府所在地，升格為「苗栗市」以迄於今。
地理
地形
苗栗市北以後龍溪與後龍鎮為界，東隔後龍溪與頭屋鄉、公館鄉相望，南鄰西湖鄉、銅鑼鄉。行政區輪廓像倒立之「香圓瓜」，北寬南窄，南北較長，總面積約37.8872平方公里。主要河川除後龍溪外，尚有穿越西部山區的後龍溪支流南勢溪。
苗栗市西北、西南有山地1,800公頃（西山丘陵），為農牧綜合經營發展地區，東邊有農地重劃區900公頃，東南部則以工商業為主，地平人稠，為该市樞紐地帶。
苗栗市為河谷平原、多丘陵（西山丘陵）之地區，最高點為西南方的上南勢坑（南勢溪源頭附近）、八甲附近與西湖鄉界的稜線上，海拔達240公尺，往北至「西山尾」，台6線周圍一帶之海拔已降到50公尺左右（後龍溪下游河畔，後龍溪南岸）。氣候屬於亞熱帶季風氣候，氣候溫和多雨，雨量由海岸向山區遞減，雨季主要在5月至9月。
苗栗市的最高峰一般稱為「242峰」，標高242公尺，屬於西山丘陵地，峰頂座落於苗栗市和西湖鄉交界處。該峰位於鄉道苗28線（三湖路）4公里附近，四周有丘陵環繞，古木參天、綠意盎然、空氣清新、環境幽雅。
人口
根據苗栗縣政府民政處及內政部戶政司統計，2022年底苗栗市戶數約3.3萬戶，人口約8.6萬人，人口密度每平方公里約2.3千人，是臺灣人口密度第九高的縣轄行政區，其中男性人數為42,810人，女性人數為43,302人，性別比約為98.86，排行苗栗縣最低，且為縣內唯一女性人數多於男性人數的行政區。市內人口最多與最少的里分別是福麗里與大同里，2022年底兩里人口分別為6,545人與540人。
2004年7月苗栗市人口達到91,390人的峰值，其後10年人口一直停滯在9至9.1萬人之間，直到2014年起呈現嚴重衰退。
苗栗市歷年人口變化（1981年－2030年）
政治
歷任首長
市政組織
苗栗市公所是苗栗市最高層級的地方行政機關，在中華民國政府架構中為縣轄市自治的行政機關，同時負責執行縣政府及中央機關委辦事項，苗栗市的自治監督機關為苗栗縣政府。市長由全體市民直接選舉產生，任期為四年，可連選連任一次。苗栗市公所並置市政會議，為市政最高決策機構，在市長之下，設有6課4室等10個內部單位及5個附屬機關。
苗栗市民代表會是苗栗市的最高民意機關，代表苗栗市全體市民立法和監察市政。市民代表由公民直選選出，任期為四年，可連選連任。苗栗市民代表會共有16位市民代表，分別為第一選區3席市民代表、第二選區3席市民代表、第三選區5席市民代表、第四選區5席市民代表，主席、副主席由16位市民代表互選產生。
行政區
現今苗栗市行政範圍的確立，來自於1920年，日本將臺灣改為五州二廳，設苗栗街屬新竹州苗栗郡。苗栗街轄苗栗、西山、社寮岡、維祥、芒埔、嘉盛、田寮、南勢坑等8個大字。1946年1月11日，改為「苗栗鎮」，屬新竹縣苗栗區。1950年，調整行政區域，苗栗鎮改隸新成立的苗栗縣。1981年12月25日，因屬縣治所在地而改制為「苗栗市」。
苗栗市共轄28里，依據苗栗市民代表會選區劃分，可分為四個區域，其行政區域分布情形為：
經濟
苗栗市河谷平原廣闊，丘陵地低而平緩，加以氣候溫和，水資源豐沛，適合農牧業發展。平原上農田作物以水稻為主，間或培植有機蔬菜、芋頭、荷花；山坡地則多種植文旦、柑橘、菇類。茶葉亦為生產大宗，產地在台13線以西的西山丘陵地。主要品種為「青心烏龍」，近年來更逐漸以「有機茶」打出市場知名度。在西部及西北部山坡地，為該市主要的酪農區，有多處乳牛、山羊、乳羊的牧場，其中肉羊飼養數量不斷增加。以台六線經國路六段旁山坡地上的羅爺爺牧場最知名。近年來市公所致力於推展休閒產業，致力於農村風貌改善，為農牧業找到了第二春。
苗栗市的傳統製造業以陶瓷業、手工業為主，國立台灣工藝研究所在該市設有「苗栗技術輔導中心」，以輔導相關產業。陶瓷業曾經風光一時，產品銷售到世界各地；近年來產業逐漸外移，已不復往日盛況。位於北郊的「西山工業區」，占地79公頃，有長春化工苗栗廠、台肥苗栗廠等大型石化廠，均得力於鄰近之公館鄉生產豐富的天然氣與石油氣。
在商業活動方面，南苗三角公園商圈最為熱鬧，傳統小吃及各型商店林立，中正路、中山路、日新街、光復路兩旁都是主要的商店街。其中日新街35巷舊名「坑仔底」，昔日最為繁榮，曾有「苗栗第一街」之稱號。此外，火車站、市公所附近的商業機能也相當強。近年來市公所致力於商圈營造，透過統一市招、強化公共設施等推動計畫，希望能帶動商業繁榮。
連鎖量販超市/專門店
文化
宗教
苗栗市市民多數為客家人，以土地伯公信仰為多，宗教活動與民間信仰狀況與台灣的閩南族群差異不大。主要的宗教為道教、佛教及民間信仰，登記有案的寺廟宮觀共有23座，其相關的廟會及祭典活動，已融入市民生活當中，成為重要的民俗文化與觀光資產。其中文昌祠位於中正路與文昌街路口的，是該市唯一保留原有風貌的傳統建築物，已列入國家三級古蹟。玉清宮位於玉清路，1906年興建，至今已有百年歷史。三山國王廟為客家人重要信仰，位於省道台13線苗栗國中旁。
其餘知名的佛教寺院及相關機構有淨覺院、佛光山大明寺、慈導寺、善德寺、慈濟苗栗園區、中台禪寺普和精舍、中台禪寺普雲精舍、法鼓山苗栗辦事處、阿蘭若如幻蘭若；知名的道教宮觀及佛道混合機構則尚有城隍廟、義民廟、五文昌廟、觀音宮、東獄府、聖帝廟、古老幽應公、苗栗市安瀾宮、五福宮、苗栗市天后宮、天雲廟、隆順宮（西山王爺公廟）、福安宮等。
天主教及基督新教也是该市的宗教信仰。天主教的苗栗縣總鐸區即設在該市，另有耶穌瑪利亞聖心修女會苗栗市會院、苗栗市聖玫瑰堂、苗栗市聖亞納堂等教堂或相關機構。基督新教諸教派中，真耶穌教會、靈糧堂、信義會、神召會、錫安會、喜信會、長老教會、浸信會、基督復臨安息日會、旌旗教會均在該市設有教堂或相關機構。
節慶
苗栗龍：元宵節使用鞭炮、蜂炮炸舞龍的慶典活動，2004年曾擴大舉行「苗栗國際觀光文化節」。
苗栗市天后宮媽祖繞境
苗栗文昌祠：教師節學生拔智慧毛活動。
苗栗市客家粄仔節
苗栗風箏節
台灣航空模型嘉年華會：苗栗市後龍溪河濱公園舉辦的航空模型活動。
體育
苗栗縣立體育場（衛生福利部苗栗醫院旁）
苗栗縣立體育館（苗栗建功國小大操場旁）
苗栗縣立巨蛋體育館
教育
大專院校
國立聯合大學
高級中等學校
國立苗栗高級中學
國立苗栗高級商業職業學校
國立苗栗高級農工職業學校
國立苗栗特殊教育學校
苗栗縣私立建臺高級中學
苗栗縣私立育民高級工業家事職業學校
國民中學
苗栗縣立苗栗國民中學
苗栗縣立大倫國民中學
苗栗縣立明仁國民中學
苗栗縣私立建臺高級中學國中部
國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市大同國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市文華國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市啟文國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市福星國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市文山國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市建功國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市新英國民小學
苗栗縣苗栗市僑育國民小學
社會教育
苗栗市社教站
苗栗縣社區大學
佛光山大明社區大學
苗栗縣台灣社區大學
醫療消防
大千綜合醫院
弘大醫院
衛生福利部苗栗醫院
協和醫院
苗栗市衛生所
苗栗縣政府消防局
苗栗縣政府消防局第一大隊苗栗分隊
苗栗縣政府消防局第一大隊
苗栗縣政府消防局特種搜救大隊特種分隊
社團法人苗栗縣救難協會
交通
苗栗市位於台灣本島南來北往的交通要道上，除了山多地形無法興建航空國際機場，鐵公路運輸方面尚稱發達。
鐵路
在鐵路方面，台鐵山線大致以北北東－南南西走向貫穿該市，設有苗栗車站及南勢車站。其中苗栗車站為山線大站和台鐵發車站，各級列車均有停靠。由於苗栗市交通擁擠，汽機車排放廢氣造成環境污染，曾計劃發展苗栗輕軌捷運、竹竹苗輕軌捷運苗栗地區核心路線－苗栗路線，改善苗栗市都市空氣品質，但因自償率過低，2010年計劃被交通部退回，短期間尚不會動工興建。
臺灣鐵路管理局
臺中線：苗栗車站 - 南勢車站
公路
中山高速公路大致以北北東－南南西走向緊臨该市東側邊界通過，在公館鄉與省道台6線交會處設有「苗栗交流道」，可供利用以前往南北各地。福爾摩沙高速公路雖未經過轄區，但在後龍鎮與省道台6線交會處所設之「後龍交流道」距離頗近，為苗栗市西北部地區常用要道。
東西向快速公路台72線（後龍 - 汶水）則沿後龍溪東岸繞行该市北側及東側，在後龍鎮與省道台13甲線交會處設有「造橋交流道」，在頭屋鄉與省道台13線、鄉道苗27-1線交會處分別設有「頭屋一交流道」及「頭屋二交流道」，在该市水流娘地區（該地深入公館鄉）與省道台6線交會處設有「公館交流道」，可供利用以前往苗栗縣海線地區及山區。
在一般省道方面，台6線（龍港－汶水）行經苗栗市至公路、經國路，向西北可連絡後龍鎮，向東南可連絡公館鄉、獅潭鄉及大湖鄉。台13線（內湖－豐原）行經苗栗市為公路、國華路、中山路，向東北可連絡頭屋鄉、造橋鄉錦水地區、頭份市及竹南鎮，向南可連絡西湖鄉五湖地區、銅鑼鄉、三義鄉及台中市后里區、豐原區。台13甲線為台13線的舊路，向東北可連絡後龍鎮豐富地區、造橋鄉及竹南鎮。
苗栗市境內並無縣道通過。而在鄉道方面，有苗28線、苗26-2線、苗34線、苗27線、苗27-1線、苗29線等。
客運
在國道長程客運方面，目前國光客運，設有國光客運苗栗車站，與新竹客運共用，有「1824：苗栗－中山高－台北（交九台北轉運站）線」及「1824A：苗栗－中山高－林口長庚－台北（交九台北轉運站）線」。
在平面道路中、短程客運方面，該市主要有苗栗客運、新竹客運等兩家客運公司。
苗栗客運的主要營運範圍在苗栗縣的北部及西部地區，設有苗栗客運苗栗站，從苗栗市有向北及東北通往後龍鎮、造橋鄉、頭屋鄉、竹南鎮、頭份市、三灣鄉及-{南庄鄉}-，並延伸至新竹市的各線班車；也有向西及西南通往西湖鄉、通霄鎮及苑裡鎮，並延伸到台中市大甲區的各線班車。
新竹客運在苗栗縣的主要營運範圍包括苗栗縣的西北部、中部及東南部，設有新竹客運苗栗站，從苗栗市有向西北、西及西南通往後龍鎮、西湖鄉及通霄鎮的各線班車；有向南、東南及東通往銅鑼鄉、三義鄉、公館鄉、獅潭鄉、大湖鄉及卓蘭鎮，並延伸到台中市后里區的各線班車。
橋樑
苗栗市雖有後龍溪流經東部及北部邊界，但該溪寬而淺，並無水運可言。但後龍溪上的幾條大型橋樑為對外的交通要道，包括台13甲線的北勢大橋、台13線的頭屋大橋、苗27-1線的玉清大橋、苗26-2線的新東大橋、台6線的龜山大橋及高鐵苗栗站聯外道的新港大橋。
免費巴士
行經苗栗市的免費公車方面現有苗栗市區免費巡迴公車、苗栗市免費社區巴士、獅潭鄉免費社區巴士、公館鄉免費社區巴士。
公共自行車
於2018年設置苗栗縣公共自行車租賃系統。
旅遊
苗栗市依山傍水，人文薈萃，旅遊資源極為豐富。主要的觀光景點有貓貍山公園、苗栗鐵道文物展示館、台鐵苗栗市苗栗車站、台鐵苗栗市南勢車站、新東大橋、新港大橋、木炭窯、池塘春暖、怡香茶園、市民廣場、八甲休息站、綠色隧道、風爐缺、第一休息坪、第二休息坪、羅爺爺牧場、盛隆牧場、羊寮坑市民花園、榕樹棟伯公、如幻蘭若等。知名的文化古蹟則有文昌祠、湯氏宗祠、賴氏節孝坊、功維敘隧道、銅鑼灣隧道、玉清宮、三山國王廟、觀音宮、魯國堂土地公廟、麻園坑道古炭窯等。
其他主要的公園尚有苗栗市河濱公園（省道台6線經國路旁）、西山公園、維祥親水公園、鐵道公園、芒埔五張犛圳親水公園等。其餘的景點尚有羅爺爺牧場、苗栗市自行車休閒運動路線、維新客家文物館、福麗古道、佐佐木古登窯、苗栗市藝文中心、客家文物館、中正堂等。
在熱鬧商圈方面，南苗地區的光復路－新東街商圈為苗栗市最繁榮的商業區圈。
風景名勝
新東大橋
新港大橋
市民廣場
綠色隧道
第一休息坪
第二休息坪
福麗古道
客家桐花公園
苗栗河濱公園
古蹟寺廟
人文景點
公園
貓貍山公園
苗栗市河濱公園
西山公園
維祥親水公園
鐵道公園
芒埔五張犛圳親水公園
國際交流
姊妹市
美國伊利諾州
日本靜岡縣駿東郡清水町
相關條目
苗栗街
注釋
參考資料
引用來源
書籍
外部連結
苗栗市公所
苗栗縣行政區劃
源自台灣原住民語言的台灣地名
臺灣縣治
台灣縣轄市
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糖尿病会皮肤瘙痒吗？糖尿病是日常比较常见的一种由日常摄取营养不均衡导致的，比较常见的疾病。糖尿病是一组以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病。高血糖则是由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或其生物作用受损，或两者兼有引起。糖尿病时长期存在的高血糖，导致各种组织，特别是眼、肾、心脏、血管、神经的慢性损害、功能障碍。下面来详细了解该病。遗传因素1型或2型糖尿病均存在明显的遗传异质性。糖尿病存在家族发病倾向，1分之4到1分之2患者有糖尿病家族史。临床上至少有60种以上的遗传综合征可伴有糖尿病。1型糖尿病有多个DNA位点参与发病，其中以抗原基因中位点多态性关系最为密切。在2型糖尿病已发现多种明确的基因突变，如胰岛素基因、胰岛素受体基因、葡萄糖激酶基因、线粒体基因等。环境因素，进食过多，体力活动减少导致的肥胖是2型糖尿病最主要的环境因素，使具有2型糖尿病遗传易感性的个体容易发病。1型糖尿病患者存在免疫系统异常，在某些病毒如柯萨奇病毒，风疹病毒，腮腺病毒等感染后导致自身免疫反应，破坏胰岛素β细胞。糖尿病是一组以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病。高血糖则是由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或其生物作用受损，或两者兼有引起。糖尿病时长期存在的高血糖，导致各种组织，特别是眼、肾、心脏、血管、神经的慢性损害、功能障碍。糖尿病可以引起皮肤搔痒，另外皮肤瘙痒也可以见于过敏，湿疹，蚊虫叮咬等引起。糖尿病要及时采取降唐药治疗，最好到医院内科做一下空腹血糖检查，看情况如何，根据检查采取治疗。也可以到皮肤科检查一下，看是否有皮肤疾病，根据检查采取药物治疗。如果有疥疮，可以根据病情使用硫磺软膏，林丹软膏等药物治疗，对艺术传播的卫生消毒。目前尚无根治糖尿病的方法，但通过多种治疗手段可以控制好糖尿病。主要包括5个方面，糖尿病患者的教育，自我监测血糖，饮食治疗，运动治疗和药物治疗。
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请问膝盖核磁共振检查大概多少钱？膝关节疼痛主要是去看半月板，膝盖磁共鸣除此之外，还要去整形外科做体检，如果没有损伤就必须用韧带、关节镜检查来治疗，一般来说简单的关节制品液体应注意避免剧烈的活动，并应注意保暖注意保持健康。核磁共振是具有零以外的磁力矩的核，自旋能源准位由于外部磁场的作用引起zerman分裂，共鸣吸收某频率的高频辐射的物理过程。核磁共振光学是谐振频率在射频带上的光谱法的一个领域，其对应的转变是核zerman级别的核自旋转变。核磁共振图像法：磁共振图像法(MRI)不适用于6个组的核磁共振，作为新图像法不影响人的健康。检查：有心脏起搏器的人，怀疑眼球内是否有金属异物的人，正在做动脉瘤的银夹子结扎的人，在体内残留金属异物的人，或者金属塑料，危险的重症患者，闭所恐惧症患者等监视器具，救助器具等带入MRI检查室是不可能的。另外，怀孕3个月以内的孕妇最好不要做MRI。500多岁左右，你可以尝试非常实用的自我康复运动；退一步，走路感到疲惫，每天退步40-60分钟，症状不会恶化，躺着睡着两只燕子，上肢靠背，从床上保持头部和脚部的有力举起早晚20-50分钟1次，身体稍微治愈疲劳。3、5点支撑，胳膊肘，脚和头支撑着身体，躺在床上，抬起一会儿，继续推一会儿，然后重复几次，有点累，每天早上和傍晚。如果MRI只在膝盖的一侧被检查，不需要进入全身。那个安全，无辐射，并且正确。其原理是强磁场作用于人体，根据组织的密度产生不同的反射，然后形成图像。当然，它不会在封闭的环境里，它不会给你全身检查。核磁检验，对判断半月板和十字韧带的损伤的膝关节特别适合,不过，这个通常的X射线胶卷没表示，CT有界限。考虑到核磁共振是一般使用的检查方法，它不会对人体造成重大损伤。膝盖的MRI，不需要用MRI检查全身，只是面向扫描了膝关节的部分。如果有重度心脏病或高血压，或者体内有金属，那是不可能的。
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