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妇炎平胶囊成分或处方？苦参 蛇床子 苦木 珍珠层粉冰片 盐酸小檗碱 枯矾 薄荷脑硼酸
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Enterprise asset management (EAM) involves the management of the maintenance of physical assets of an organization throughout each asset's lifecycle. EAM is used to plan, optimize, execute, and track the needed maintenance activities with the associated priorities, skills, materials, tools, and information. This covers the design, construction, commissioning, operations, maintenance and decommissioning or replacement of plant, equipment and facilities.
"Enterprise" refers to the scope of the assets in an Enterprise across departments, locations, facilities and, potentially, supporting business functions. Various assets are managed by the modern enterprises at present. The assets may be fixed assets like buildings, plants, machineries or moving assets like vehicles, ships, moving equipments etc. The lifecycle management of the high value physical assets require regressive planning and execution of the work.
History
EAM arose as an extension of the computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) which is usually defined as a system for the computerisation of the maintenance of physical assets.
Enterprise asset management software
Enterprise asset management software is a computer software that handles every aspect of running a public works or asset-intensive organization. Enterprise asset management (EAM) software applications include features such as asset life-cycle management, preventive maintenance scheduling, warranty management, integrated mobile wireless handheld options and portal-based software interface. Rapid development and availability of mobile devices also affected EAM software which now often supports mobile enterprise asset management.
See also
Building lifecycle management
References
Sources
Physical Asset Management(Springer publication) Nicholas Anthony John,2010.
Pascual, R. "El Arte de Mantener", Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2015.
Asset management
Business software
Wireless locating
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梅劳（）是奥地利福拉尔贝格州布雷根茨县的一个市镇。总面积40.55平方公里，总人口1265人，人口密度31.2人/平方公里（2005年）。
参见
福拉尔贝格州市镇列表
参考
福拉尔贝格州市镇
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The Salem City Police (or SCP) is the law enforcement agency in the city of Salem, India. The SCP works under the jurisdiction of the Tamil Nadu Police. Salem City Police has five wings: traffic wing, traffic investigation wing, prohibition enforcement wing, city crime record bureau, armed reserve, in three divisions namely Salem West, Salem South and Salem North.
History
The Salem City Police was formed in 1972 and The Salem Police Commissionerate was formed in 1990 for the major metropolitan cities like Salem, Coimbatore, Madurai and Tiruchirapalli. The jurisdiction of Salem city police commissionarate extends jurisdiction limit to Salem City Municipal Corporation. There are 12 police stations in Salem city, numbered B-1 to B-11. City Police has five wings: traffic wing, traffic investigation wing, prohibition enforcement wing, city crime record bureau, armed reserve, in three zones Salem North, Salem South and Salem West. A law was enacted in 1987 to empower the commissionerate with the same powers as the Madras Police. Salem was fully upgraded into a police commissionerate in 1990.
Jurisdiction
The jurisdiction of the Commissionerate of Police extends to the jurisdictional limits of the Salem City Municipal Corporation. Later in 2000 jurisdiction of Salem City Police is extended for the main suburban areas of Salem city like Ayothiyapattinam and Omalur in Salem.
Salem City Municipal Corporation
Ayothiapattinam
Omalur
Stations
There are 12 police stations in Salem city, numbered B-1 to B-11
B-1 Salem Town
B-1 Town Crime
B-2 Shevapet
B-3 Govt.Hospital
B-4 Annadanapatti
B-5 Kitchipalayam
B-6 Ammapet
B-7 Hasthampatti
B-8 Kannankurichi
B-9 Fairlands
B-10 Pallapatti
B-11 Sooramangalam
References
Government of Salem, Tamil Nadu
Metropolitan law enforcement agencies of India
Tamil Nadu Police
1972 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Government agencies established in 1972
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Pseudotelphusa sokolovae is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Tajikistan.
References
Moths described in 1971
Pseudotelphusa
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肾动静脉瘘的分类是什么?？动静脉瘘是动脉和静脉之间非正常的通道，肾动静脉瘘分为获得性、先天性及特发性三种，后天性大多是由于肾脏活检，钝性或开放性肾损伤，炎症、肿瘤、肾脏的手术所引起。先天性的原因不清，可能是出生时已发生或先天性动脉破溃入邻近的静脉所致，随着经皮肾镜的推广与肾穿刺活检数量增加，肾动静脉瘘有所增加，然而先天性肾动静脉瘘仍很少见。
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秘銀（Mithril）是J·R·R·托爾金奇幻作品中虛構的一种金屬。它的外表呈银白色，比钢铁坚固的多却很轻巧。这个名词最早出现在《魔戒》系列中，而后在1966年校订版的《哈比人历险记》中被追述。在1937年的第一版《哈比人历险记》中，比尔博得到的锁子甲衬衣被描述为“银铁”所制。
在《魔戒》中，托尔金写到只有中土的凯萨督姆（摩瑞亚）才能找到秘银，矮人们在那里开采。不过，在《未完成的故事》当中，托尔金提到努曼诺尔也出产秘银。
Mithril这个词来自于辛达林语中的两个词根——mith，意思是“灰色”，而ril的意思则是“闪烁，闪耀”。在昆雅语当中，这金属的名字是mistarille，米斯塔利尔。秘银也被叫做“真银”或“摩瑞亚银”，矮人对它取了不为外人所知的秘密称呼。
性能
在经过凯萨督姆时，甘道夫曾给魔戒遠征隊描述秘银:
伊瑞詹的诺多精灵使用秘银打造了一种合金“伊希尔丁”（星月），用来装饰入口和正门。它只能在星光或月光下可见。摩瑞亚的西大门就镶有伊希尔丁的花纹和符文。这被认为是暗示《哈比人历险记》中的“月之文字”也是由伊希尔丁所印制而成。
产量
在托尔金笔下中土世界，第三纪元时，秘银极其的稀有，当时只能在凯萨督姆找到。当炎魔摧毁了凯萨督姆的矮人王国后，仅有的秘银来源也断绝了。在摩瑞亚被矮人遗弃之前，那里一直是一处活跃的矿坑，秘银的价值相当于自身重量10倍的黄金。矮人离弃了摩瑞亚，秘银的开采完全停止后，这种金属成为无价之宝。
秘银衣
在所有秘银制品中，最著名的就是那件“锁子甲小衬衫”，那是在恶龙史矛革的藏宝中找回的，索林·橡木盾将其送给了比尔博·巴金斯。在那之后，甘道夫对这件秘银衬衫的估价“比夏尔和夏尔之上的一切事物还要多”。
2941年五军之战时比尔博始终穿着秘银衬衫，在返回夏尔后，他把它挂在房间的架子上，之后又将其借给了米丘窟的博物馆，直到3001年他离开夏尔时才取走。
3018年佛罗多·巴金斯准备摧毁魔戒的使命时，他得到了比尔博送的秘银衬衫。在摩瑞亚的马扎布尔大厅内，半獸人的一只长矛刺向佛罗多，而锁子甲救了他一命。之后这铠甲两度保护了佛罗多，一次是逃出摩瑞亚时挡住了半兽人的箭，另一次则是在横跨安都因河时挡下一箭。
山姆·詹吉误以为佛罗多死在屍羅巢穴外时，他把衬衫留在佛罗多身上。佛罗多被半兽人带走，而半兽人们也因为那件衬衫而产生了内讧。佛罗多得救了，但衬衫却被一个半兽人抢走。索伦之口在黑门前把衬衫和佛罗多的其他物品展示出来，意图让联军误以为佛罗多被抓住了。甘道夫一把抢回了衬衫并拒绝了与敌人的一切会谈。
故事的最后，佛罗多穿着衬衫参加了庆典并踏上归家的旅程。在回到故乡时，占领夏尔的萨鲁曼用一把小刀意圖刺殺佛罗多，而衬衫再度让它的主人安然无恙。萨鲁曼后被葛力马刺死。
托尔金笔下的其他秘银制品
在搜查了欧散克塔的密室后，伊力萨王和他的侍从们找到了遗失多年的第一块伊兰迪米尔，一枚精灵水晶制成的白色星星，固定在一条秘银链子上。它曾属于雅诺王国第一代国王伊兰迪尔，是北方王国王权象征之一。伊兰迪尔在最后联盟之战战死后，他的长子埃西铎继承王位。在埃西铎北返雅诺的首都时，他的亲兵队被半兽人伏击。埃西铎跳入河中逃跑，却被弓箭射死了。多年后萨鲁曼找到了第一块伊兰迪米尔。埃西铎的后裔们使用的是另一块复制品，直到伊力萨王将南北两王国重新合并。阿拉贡两块都用，复制品在平时佩带，重大场合则使用原件。
矮人们最爱的金属也在南方王国刚铎出现。米那斯提力斯内城卫兵的头盔都是秘银打造，是“光荣古老时代的传家宝。”在摄政王执政时期，刚铎只有内城卫兵依旧佩带有断绝的国王家族的徽章，正规兵的铠甲在经历数百年后因破旧被更换了，但秘银铠甲从不朽坏，所以不需要替换，而且秘银制造的物件也不再有可换性，摄政王不能因为那些徽章就中止使用这些稀有的贵重铠甲。
魔戒聖戰时期，阿拉贡的船队为米那斯提力斯解围时，他的旗舰上飞扬的军旗展现出一顶由秘银和黄金绣成的王冠。
金雳成为爱加拉隆的领主后，他和他的手下為米那斯提力斯铸造了秘银和钢铁作成的大门，以替换之前那扇被安格馬巫王毁坏的大门。
凯兰崔尔夫人的精灵魔戒南雅，是由秘银打造的，其上镶嵌着一块坚石（可能是钻石）。
其他背景
秘银，或其他简写（Mithral, Mythril等）经常出现在其他虚构背景如角色扮演游戏中，这都是因为Tolkien Estate公司没有注册mithril这个词的版权。最早的例子就是龙与地下城的被遗忘的国度设定。
在角色扮演游戏《龙与地下城》中還虚构了一种比秘銀还要坚硬的金属，称作为“精金”（Adamantine），可以附着咒文。是卓尔精灵喜欢用来打造兵器的金属。而且瑪瑙及精金与秘銀还能制作出合金聖秘銀。聖秘銀的顔色為深紫，強度為秘銀的五十倍 。
在许多电脑游戏、電子游戏或動畫中，秘银也有出现，如《魔獸世界》、《上古卷轴II：匕首雨》、《泰拉瑞亚》、《上古卷轴IV：湮没》、《无尽的任务》、《overload》、《RuneScape》、《亚瑟王的暗黑时代》、《天堂II》、《仙境傳說》、《龙与地下城Online》、《驚爆危機》、《銃皇無盡的法夫納》、《交响曲传奇》、《最终幻想》、《光明與黑暗》、《冒险岛》、《啪嗒砰》、《星之海洋》、《惊天动地》、《牧场物语》、《王国之心》、《瑪奇》、《Muck》等。这名字常用于命名特殊的样式或金属（通常是铠甲，基本上都是最好的式样），有时也被用来命名货币，计划或设备。
参看
《哈比人历险记》
《魔戒现身》
《王者再临》
參考文獻
中土大陸
虚构物质
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第四次長沙會戰為中國抗日戰爭末期的大型戰役之一，是指1944年5月至8月，中國第9戰區部隊在湖南長沙、衡陽地區對日軍進行的防禦戰役——长衡会战中的第1个阶段，從5月27日到6月19日，中日雙方以爭奪長沙為目標在湖南北部地區作戰。攻擊的日軍人數約有170,000，守勢的中國國軍約有250,000，6月16日逼進長沙的日軍開始向長沙城區猛攻。6月19日國軍撤退。
外部連結
榮民文化網
注释
參考文獻
何應欽，《日軍侵華八年抗戰史》，1982年，臺北，黎明文化事業公司。
湖南抗日战争主要战役
1944年抗日战争战役
长沙军事史
1944年5月
1944年6月
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中医解释甲亢的原因是什么？对于中国人来说，在中医和西医的选择上，大多数人都会更加信赖中医，尤其是中老年人。虽然中医与西医各有长处和优势，但是在不同的疾病上两者通常是采用不同的方法，而有些疾病使用中医进行治疗效果会更好，那么中医解释甲亢的原因是什么呢？一、甲亢的全称叫做甲状腺功能亢进症，这种疾病在中医中被叫做""瘿瘤""，是因为甲状腺激素释放过量而导致人体机能代谢亢进，引起交感神经兴奋而出现一系列症状的疾病。甲亢的发病原因是患者的身体出现阴亏，肝气难以排遣，该病与情绪的变化有很大的关系，如果情绪郁结、出现长期抑郁或者受到精神打击，就很容易导致肝气郁结，从而加重肝肾阴亏状况，进而致使甲状腺激素释放异常，出现甲亢。二、甲亢患者最明显的症状是消瘦，还会出现心悸、容易出汗，进食改变等症状，通常甲亢患者每日都会进食很多，但是身体却是日渐消瘦，这是因为机体的氧化反应增强，能量消耗过多，因此体重便会减轻。多数患者还伴随着眼部问题，例如突眼、眼睑水肿、视力减退等。除此之外，还有个别的患者会出现低热、失眠等症状，在情绪上，还会表现为对周遭事物变得敏感，情绪很容易受到干扰而产生波动，可能会出现焦虑等症状。三、甲亢疾病如果不进行及时的治疗，长期情况下，会引发严重的后果。患者过于消瘦容易患上急性传染病导致死亡，而且甲亢还可能会引发甲亢性心脏病，出现心脏扩大，心律失常、心房纤颤和心力衰竭等，导致患者丧失劳动力，甚至死亡。因此，甲亢一定要及时的进行医治。平时的生活，饮食以及生活环境，都和甲亢疾病的发生因素有着密切的关系，尤其是甲状腺患者，在生活中如果过度的服用碘元素，引发甲亢的因素就会非常高。就是在发生感冒或肺炎症状的时候，需要积极的接受治疗。
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鯨魚座18，又名BD-13 128，HD 4307、SAO 147432、HR 203，是鯨魚座的一颗恒星，视星等为6.15，位于銀經117.05，銀緯-75.68，其B1900.0坐标为赤經，赤緯。
参考文献
鯨魚座
4307
0203
147432
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成人厌食症怎么治疗？厌食症为饮食失调症，其医学名称为神经性厌食。患者以女性居多，死亡率高达20%。有些人认为厌食症和强迫症有类似之处，最初，病人只是为了“减肥”而少吃少喝，渐渐却形成强迫观念，甚至不吃不喝，其后果即造成体重严重下降，患上厌食症。厌食症患者最主要征状是对食物提不起兴趣，没有胃口开怀吃东西。患者的想法和实际情况相差很远，即使已经很瘦了，还老是觉得自己很胖。根据美国精神协会的标准诊断，厌食症患者的体重往往低于标准BMI15％。厌食症的诊治必须视患者的病情而定，病情严重的话，甚至必须入院接受心理医生、专科医生及营养师的观察及诊治，再配合行为治疗，使到病人的体重渐渐回升。若是病情还不太严重，在心理医生的辅导下，也有可能康复。值得注意的是，厌食症患者如果仍处于发育期，而器官又已受到损坏，可能在病情好转之后，功能还无法恢复正常，会影响到生理发育和成长。患者是否能康复，也必须视病人的意志力而定，疗程则因人而异，从几个月到几年不等。最重要的是，要尽早治疗，不要等到病情很严重才上门找医生。成人厌食症可以的治疗方法：纠正水电解质的平衡，常采用口服、静点并用的方式补充血钾、钠、氯，并进行监测。水肿的病人常常存在血浆蛋白低下，有条件者可静脉补充水解蛋白、鲜血浆等。贫血是需要注意的问题，往往在病人入院时血色素并不低，但这可能是病人脱水、血液浓缩后的假像，应补充铁，服叶酸，补足维生素等，如果患者不同意入院，要采取特殊手段。最简单的方法就是锻炼，进行一定的锻炼，不仅可以提高身体素质，增强免疫力，更主要是能促进体内各系统的循环，如果有时间的话每星期一至五下班后去游泳，最好每次能游600米以上，如不会游泳，可以在晚饭前打打篮球或进行慢跑，胃口会好起来的。
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请描述肺大泡的治疗方法？无症状的肺大疱不需治疗，伴有慢性支气管炎或肺气肿的患者，主要治疗原发病变。继发感染时，应用抗生素。肺大疱体积大，占据一侧胸腔的70%～100%，临床上有症状，而肺部无其它病变的患者，手术切除肺大疱可以使受压肺组织复张，呼吸面积增加，肺内分流消失，动脉血氧分压提高，气道阻力减低，通气量增加，患者胸闷、气短等呼吸困难症状可以改善。手术中应尽可能多的保留健康肺组织，力争只作肺大疱切除缝合术，或局部肺组织楔形切除术，避免不必要的肺功能损失。肺大疱破裂引起的自发性气胸，可以经胸穿、胸腔闭式此流等非手术疗法治愈，但反复多次发生的自发性气胸应采取手术方法治疗。手术中结扎或缝扎肺大疱，同时可使用四环素或2%碘酒涂抹胸腔以使胸膜粘连固定，防止气胸复发。合并血气胸的患者临床症状有时很重，常有胸痛、呼吸困难，同时也会有内出血的一系列表现，临床上应密切观察病情变化，在短时间内采取非手术措施，如输血、胸穿等，症状无明显改善时，应果断地行开胸探查。此时往往有较大的活动出血，非手术治疗观察时间过长常常延误病情，预后不如手术止血好。
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医保可以报销手术费用吗？根据社会保险法规定，符合基本医疗保险药品目录、诊疗项目、医疗服务设施标准以及急诊、抢救的医疗费用，按照国家规定从基本医疗保险基金中支付。1、基本医疗保险药品报销纳入基本医疗保险给付范围内的药品，分为甲类和乙类两种。甲类药物是指全国基本统一的、能保证临床治疗基本需要的药物。这类药物的费用纳入基本医疗保险基金给付范围，并按基本医疗保险的给付标准支付费用。乙类药物目录由各省、自治区、直辖市根据自身情况调整，这类药物先由职工支付一定比例的费用后，再纳入基本医疗保险基金给付范围，并按基本医疗保险给付标准支付费用。2、基本医疗保险诊疗项目报销基本医疗保险诊疗项目应符合以下条件：(1)临床诊疗必须、安全有效、费用适宜;(2)由物价部门制定了收费标准;(3)由定点医疗机构为参保人员提供的定点医疗服务范围内。基本医疗保险支付部分费用的诊疗项目范围按照国家规定的《基本医疗保险诊疗项目范围》确定。属于基本医疗保险支付部分费用诊疗项目目录以内的，先由参保人员按规定比例自付后，再按基本医疗保险的规定支付。属于职工基本医疗保险不予支付费用诊疗项目目录以内的，职工基本医疗保险基金不予支付。3、基本医疗服务设施报销基本医疗保险医疗服务设施费用的报销涵盖由定点医疗机构提供的，参保人员在接受诊断、治疗和护理过程中所必须的生活服务设施，主要包括住院床位费或门(急)诊留观床位费。基本医疗保险基金不予支付的生活服务项目和服务设施费用，主要包括：(1)就(转)诊交通费、急救车费;(2)空调费、电视费、电话费、婴儿保温箱费、食品保温箱费;(3)陪护费、护工费、洗理费、门诊煎药费;(4)膳食费;(5)文娱活动费以及其他特需生活服务费用。
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Rodos Colossi RFC is a Greek rugby club in the city of Rhodes on the island of Rhodes (Rodos).
External links
Rodos Colossi RFC
Rugby union teams in Greece
Rhodes (city)
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中泰恩河畔紐卡斯爾（），英國國會一自治市選區，位於英格蘭泰恩-威爾郡、泰恩河畔紐卡斯爾的市中心。設於1918年。
這裡是工黨佔優的選舉，上次選出保守黨的候選人是1983年。2010年大選中來自尼日利亞的秦耶祿·昂鄔菈以45.9%選票勝出該區，繼承了顧善誠的選區。
参考文献
英國國會選區 (東北英格蘭)
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胡正芝（），女，江苏扬州人，生于北平，中国食品工程师，曾任第七、八、九届全国政协委员。
参考资料
Zheng
扬州人
北京人
第七屆全國政協委員
第八屆全國政協委員
第九屆全國政協委員
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西资寺石佛，位于中国福建省晋江市金井镇岩峰村卓望山，为一个省级文物保护单位，类型为石刻及造像，为第二批福建省文物保护单位，公布时间为1985年10月11日。
西资寺石佛的历史年代为宋。
参考文献
宋朝佛教建筑物
泉州文物保护单位
泉州佛教建筑
晋江市
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景福集團有限公司是香港珠寶採購及銷售集團其中之一。它的業務是經營黃金首飾、珠寶、鐘錶及禮品零售、金條買賣及鑽石批發。是景福珠寶金行（1948年成立）、景福金銀珠寶鐘錶有限公司及景福珠寶集團有限公司 控股公司，而該公司徽號是馬，被評為雙馬珠寶。
該公司（）在1988年3月28日在香港交易所主板上市。
美麗華酒店企業有限公司現持有景福集團15.6%的股份。
2013年夏天，旗下景福證券有限公司（1971年成立），因為業務持續虧蝕，故此在7月31日底結束營業。
參考
外部連結
景福集團有限公司
中国珠宝公司
香港上市綜合企業公司
1949年成立的公司
家族式企業
1988年首次公開募股
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朴成敏（，），韓国男子羽毛球運動員。
簡歷
2014年5月，朴成敏入選韓國國家羽毛球隊參加印度新德里舉行的湯姆斯盃。
主要比賽成績
只列出曾進入準決賽的國際賽事成績：
參考資料
韓国羽毛球运动员
Jong
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Rémi St-Michel is a Canadian film director from Quebec. He is most noted for his short films Little Brother (Petit frère), which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards in 2015, and Heart Bomb (Une bombe au cœur), which was a Prix Iris nominee for Best Live Action Short Film at the 22nd Quebec Cinema Awards in 2020.
His debut feature film, Before We Explode (Avant qu'on explose), was released in 2019.
References
External links
Film directors from Quebec
French Quebecers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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Mohammed Odeh al-Rehaief (; born ) is an Iraqi attorney who helped the United States armed forces rescue prisoner of war Jessica Lynch from a hospital in Nasiriyah. As reward for his assistance, the U.S. government granted him humanitarian asylum on April 28, 2003. That same year, al-Rehaief published the autobiography Because Each Life Is Precious, in which he explains why he decided to help Lynch.
Involvement in the rescue of Jessica Lynch
After some time in the custody of the Iraqi army regiment which captured her, Lynch was taken to a hospital in Nasiriya. Iraqi hospital staff, including the doctors Harith Al-Houssona and Anmar Uday, claim to have shielded Lynch from Iraqi military and government agents who were using the hospital as a base of military operations. U.S. forces were tipped off as to Lynch's whereabouts by an Iraqi, sympathetic to her plight, who told them she had been tortured and injured but was still alive. The Iraqi was described as a 32-year-old lawyer, initially described only as "Mohammed" and later identified as one Mohammed Odeh al Rehaief. In light of Mohammed's role in Lynch's rescue, Mohammed and his family were granted refugee status by the government of the United States.
Initial reports indicated that Mohammed's wife was a nurse by the name of Iman in the hospital where Lynch was being held captive, and that while visiting his wife at the hospital, Mohammed noticed that security was heightened and inquired as to why. However, hospital personnel later confirmed only part of Mohammed's story, indicating that while Mohammed had indeed visited the hospital, his wife was not a nurse there, nor was there any nurse by the name of Iman working there. While visiting the hospital from which Lynch was eventually extracted, Mohammed claimed that he observed an Iraqi colonel slapping Lynch. "My heart stopped," said Mohammed, "I knew then I must help her be saved. I decided I must go to tell the Americans."
Mohammed's story has been disputed by Lynch herself and doctors working at the hospital, who claim that Lynch was shielded and protected from Iraqi military personnel by hospital staff and was cared for well throughout her stay at the hospital.
Moreover, according to reports, on March 30, Al-Houssona reportedly attempted to have Lynch delivered to the U.S. forces, an attempt which had to be abandoned when the Americans fired on the ambulance carrying her.
According to Mohammed's version of the events leading up to Lynch's rescue, he walked six miles to a United States Marine checkpoint to inform American forces that he knew where Lynch was being held. After talking with the Marines, Mohammed was then sent back to the hospital to gather information that was used to plan Lynch's rescue. Allegedly Mohammed returned to the checkpoint with five different maps of the hospital and the details of the security layout, reaction plan, and shift changes.
The U.S. military reportedly learned of Lynch's location from several informants, one of whom was Mohammed.
Leaving Iraq
After learning of Mohammed's role in Lynch's rescue, Friends of Mohammed, a group based in Malden, West Virginia, was formed to fight for Mohammed's U.S. citizenship and to bring him to West Virginia. On April 29, 2003, Secretary of Homeland Security Tom Ridge announced that Mohammed Odeh al Rehaief, his wife, and their 5-year-old daughter had been granted humanitarian asylum on April 28. Al Rehaief and his family were brought to the United States at his request on April 10. Al Rehaief published a book, Because Each Life Is Precious (), in October 2003, for a reported US$150,000. In 2003 he took a job as a consultant at Livingston Group, a Washington D.C. lobbying firm run by former GOP Rep. Bob Livingston.
Notes
References
Living people
Iraqi emigrants to the United States
21st-century Iraqi lawyers
People from Najaf
1970 births
Year of birth uncertain
University of Basrah alumni
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法老主义（），或称法老运动（），是的一种形式，兴起于20世纪20年代至30年代。法老主义主张重拾埃及在皈依伊斯兰教之前的古文明历史，强调现代埃及人应怀有古埃及文明的认同感。法老主义反对阿拉伯民族主义，认为埃及人虽然使用阿拉伯语、信仰伊斯兰教，但却是独一无二的民族，传承自古埃及的法老文明，不可径直视为“阿拉伯人”的一支。近代以来最有名的法老主义支持者是塔哈·侯赛因。
在伊斯兰教文化中，信仰多神教的古埃及文明是蒙昧时代的产物；出埃及记中，法老的形象残暴而邪恶，是安拉及先知的敌人。因此，法老主义主张的古埃及认同和埃及根深蒂固的伊斯兰文化水火不容，成为法老主义难以在埃及广大穆斯林群体扎根的重要原因。20世纪40年代以后，埃及当权者青睐泛阿拉伯主义和阿拉伯民族主义，埃及成为阿拉伯世界活跃的一份子，法老主义越发-{}-式微。尽管在现代埃及，泛阿拉伯主义已经有所消退，出于古埃及文化和强大伊斯兰文化的冲突，现代埃及人仍然对古埃及文明态度暧昧。
埃及少数民族科普特人使用的科普特语是由古埃及语发展而来的，因此也有显著的法老主义特征，主张科普特人是古埃及文明的传承者。
背景
发端于尼罗河的古埃及文明，一度孕育出繁盛的文化，埃及本土人群的主体认同感随之产生，持续到铁器时代的新王国时期告一段落。此后，埃及便一直是外族人统治的地域，利比亚人、努比亚人、波斯人、希腊人、罗马人、、、法国人、英国人先后统治埃及——在外族统治期间，埃及文化为基督教、犹太教和伊斯兰教所影响。到4世纪，大部分埃及人改信基督教。535年，统治埃及的罗马皇帝查士丁尼一世下令关闭菲莱的伊西斯神庙，古埃及多神教至此正式消亡。
中世纪的埃及为阿拉伯人所统治，埃及人的母语转变为阿拉伯语，发展出埃及阿拉伯语。古埃及的遗迹被视为“蒙昧时代”的遗存，而遭到穆斯林厌恨，从而受到蓄意破坏。大部分损毁行为都发生在13世纪到14世纪期间，这一时期洪灾、饥荒和瘟疫常年发生，一些穆斯林因而认为灾祸要归因于“蒙昧时代”的古埃及遗存，这些遗迹象征着对多神异教的信仰，令安拉降下责罚。这一时期有两桩最为严重的遗迹捣毁事件：一是1311年，福斯塔特的伊西斯神像遭毁；二是1350年，孟斐斯的一处大神庙遭毁——古埃及传统认为，大神庙上的荷鲁斯之眼会诅咒古埃及神庙的亵渎者，但此次毁灭行为发生后，并未有噩运降临，也令时人打消了恐惧。
古兰经的故事中出现过古埃及的法老。在《出埃及记》中，法老是和安拉抗衡的暴君，信仰堕落的多神教。古埃及法老在伊斯兰教传统中是堕落、蒙昧而邪恶的暴君形象。许多君主都曾下令捣毁古埃及时代的纪念碑建筑，如哈里发耶齐德三世。不过，著名的吉萨金字塔群和狮身人面像却得到保留，有不少史料都可证明时人仍然将之视为本地的荣耀和骄傲，贸然拆毁定会导致民众的暴乱。尽管古兰经贬低蒙昧时代的一切文明，古埃及更是蒙昧时代“堕落文明”的典型代表，本地的埃及人仍然认为法老时代的遗迹拥有神力，而心生崇敬。一直到1378年，还有本地农民赴狮身人面像焚香祈祷，致使苏菲派圣人蓄意袭击狮身人面像的历史记载；更是有本地传说称，此次袭击令吉萨刮起沙暴，肇事的苏菲圣人最终遭私刑处置。
13世纪的穆斯林作家贾迈勒丁·伊德里西（Jamal al-Din al-Idrisi）曾警告时人不要试图破坏金字塔，否则会释放其中的暗黑超自然力量，带来血流成河的大灾难。这也印证了13世纪的埃及人仍然相信古埃及遗迹拥有神力，这种信念在现代被解读为时人历史自豪感的延续。中世纪的埃及人还流传着一种说法，认为出埃及记中记载的埃及法老是波斯人，而非埃及人。这种传说也可体现出时人面对古兰经对埃及文明的谴责，试图为之开脱。为了阻止更多遗迹遭到毁坏，中世纪的埃及人通常会将之同伊斯兰教传说相结合，将原来的神庙改为和先知的同伴及本地苏菲圣人有关的历史遗迹。
在中世纪，埃及象形文字早已失传，时人对于古埃及文明的认知也仅限于许多辉煌的纪念碑和神庙，其确切内涵不为世人所知。一直到近代的1822年，法国人商博良破译了罗塞塔石碑，古埃及文化的更多细节才开始得到关注。当时的埃及统治者穆罕默德·阿里帕夏并不关心古埃及的一切事物，将古埃及文物视同赠与西方人的礼物。穆罕默德·阿里更是放任欧洲人随意处置古埃及文物。意大利人乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·贝尔佐尼曾在多处遗址大加掠夺，穆罕默德·阿里并不在意。当时驻开罗的外交官职位竞争尤其激烈，原因便在于此。终于在1836年，穆罕默德·阿里的部下里发阿·塔哈塔维将他说服，他转而保护各大遗址，同时建造博物馆展示古埃及的文物，不再放任其流往欧洲。塔哈塔维后来出版了一部古埃及历史著作，引用了当时的考古发现和象形文字的破译成果。这是近代以来，古埃及文明的遗产首次被视为民族荣耀的象征。
形成
19世纪起，民族主义兴起于世界各地，许多地区构建起全新的民族认同。埃及自19世纪末起，逐渐被纳入英国的势力范围。和以往伊斯兰视角有别的“埃及民族”认同问题逐渐产生。在英国统治下，埃及人争取独立的斗争过程中，现代“埃及民族”概念加速形成。这种完全世俗、仅和历史和地理渊源有关的“埃及民族”视角，亦即的思想，逐渐发展为“法老主义”的形式。在20世纪20年代至30年代，“法老主义”是埃及反殖民运动者的主要意识形态。阿拉伯文化元素的影响则被忽视，这一时期的埃及人没有“阿拉伯民族”的认同。因为在整个19世纪，埃及社会的发展脉络都和东面的阿拉伯地区迥异，而且这种差异在20世纪以后不减反增。
法老主义主张，埃及是独具特色的地理、政治区域，源头一直追溯到公元前3100年前后上下埃及的统一。埃及是环地中海文明的一部分，和欧洲的联系较中东更为紧密。古埃及文明被视为埃及民族独特的象征，是民族独特性的体现。相应的，埃及文化中阿拉伯文化和伊斯兰文化的元素被淡化。因此，法老主义者认为，兴盛于地中海沿岸的埃及人更像是广义欧洲文明的一员，而非在当时相对后进的近东文明。法老主义的概念最初出现在20世纪早期：在其著作中将埃及誉为世界最早的国家；直言，在现代埃及的文明之中，仍然保留着“法老文明的内核”。
1931年，来自叙利亚的阿拉伯民族主义者萨推尔·胡苏里来到埃及，随后他径直记录道：“埃及人没有阿拉伯民族认同感，认为埃及不属于阿拉伯之地，不承认埃及人是阿拉伯民族。”不过到20世纪30年代末，在一些叙利亚、巴勒斯坦和黎巴嫩知识分子的影响下，阿拉伯民族主义也逐渐在埃及扎根了。阿拉伯国家联盟于1945年成立，总部就定于埃及开罗。尽管如此，牛津大学的历史学家H·S·戴顿（H. S. Deighton）仍称：“埃及人和阿拉伯人都明白，埃及人不是阿拉伯人。他们都说阿拉伯语，都信仰伊斯兰教。无论是埃及人、伊拉克人还是叙利亚人，宗教在他们的生活中的确占有极高地位。但在20世纪的头三十年，唯有埃及人从未认识到自身同东方的阿拉伯人有任何联系。”
塔哈·侯赛因是20世纪著名的埃及民族主义者及反阿拉伯主义者，他曾在多处场合贬低“阿拉伯一体化”的观念，强调自己的埃及民族主义主张。1933年，他在杂志《东方之星》（Kawkab el Sharq）刊文称：“法老主义扎根在每个埃及人的心中。法老主义情结是永恒的，也是不断加深的。埃及人首先是法老文明的后裔，其次才是阿拉伯人。他人若煽动埃及放弃法老主义，就等同于如此教唆：‘埃及啊，去摧毁你的狮身人面像和金字塔，忘记你是谁，跟随我们吧！’不要对埃及无尽索求。无论其总部在开罗，在大马士革还是巴格达，埃及都永不可能成为阿拉伯整体的一员。”
1918年，埃及民族主义领袖萨德·扎格卢勒曾在凡尔赛和会上坚持要求各国将阿拉伯地区和埃及地区分开处置，声称埃及问题是埃及人自己的事务，和阿拉伯人无关。1924年，霍华德·卡特（Howard Carter）领导英国考古队在图坦卡蒙墓展开发掘，随后全部文物都被埃及政府没收，下令者即是已经成为埃及首相的扎格卢勒。对此，扎格卢勒声称：“保卫民族的权利和尊严是政府的职责。”当时掌权的华夫脱党将图坦卡蒙誉为埃及民族的象征。1924年3月6日，扎格卢勒正式向公众开放图坦卡蒙墓，当夜在卢克索举行盛大庆典。后来的报道称，当夜卢克索的人群是“有史以来最多”。英国高级专员埃德蒙·艾伦比元帅抵达现场时，还遭到民众抗议——民众要求英国人立即撤出埃及。
20世纪30年代的埃及法西斯主义者也有着法老主义的主张。埃及法西斯领袖、的创立者艾哈迈德·侯赛因（Ahmed Hussein）称，自己在游历帝王谷之后对埃及民族主义产生强烈兴趣，让他坚信昔日强盛的埃及定能重新崛起。埃及青年协会将古埃及文明视为莫上荣耀；针对埃及曾出现过的突厥人、切尔克斯人贵族政治，他们声称“埃及需要一个有着法老血统，而绝非突厥或是切尔克斯血统的行动领袖。”埃及青年协会最初崇尚埃及民族主义，他们认为埃及并非普通的穆斯林或是阿拉伯民族，而是有着极其独特的古埃及强盛文明遗存。他们要求英国撤出埃及，主张建立一个西起大西洋，东达印度洋的泛阿拉伯帝国。他们强调，埃及人同样属于阿拉伯人，但是由于其尊贵的古埃及血统，埃及人注定要领导全体阿拉伯人。然而，由于伊斯兰教信仰仍然强大，法老主义并未得到埃及广大民众的支持。自1940年起，埃及青年协会放弃民族主义，转向原教旨主义。
穆斯林兄弟会的创建者哈桑·班納反对“法老主义”的主张。他认为，古埃及文明仍然是蒙昧时代的产物，阿肯那顿、拉美西斯大帝、图坦卡蒙等法老是邪恶反动的异教暴君。“法老主义”不尊崇先知穆罕默德，反而尊崇异教暴君，是要“抹杀埃及人的穆斯林身份”。班纳声称，埃及只能是广大伊斯兰乌玛的一分子，任何将埃及自伊斯兰世界分离的企图都违背安拉的意志。
式微
进入20世纪40年代，阿拉伯民族主义乃至泛阿拉伯主义成为埃及当权者崇尚的意识形态。1945年，阿拉伯国家联盟正式成立，总部定于埃及首都开罗。法鲁克国王统治的埃及不仅是阿盟的创始会员国，也是1948年巴勒斯坦战争中第一个向以色列宣战的国家。1952年埃及七月革命后，国内阿拉伯民族主义情绪进一步高涨。革命领袖纳吉布和纳赛尔是坚定的阿拉伯民族主义者，主张埃及本土血统的荣誉感和阿拉伯身份认同共存。新的革命政权还将国旗更换为红、白、黑三色旗，是为泛阿拉伯颜色；国徽更变为萨拉丁之鹰的图案。此举显然意在强调埃及同阿拉伯世界的紧密联系，国旗和国徽的设计也沿用到今日。同年，埃及和叙利亚组成阿拉伯联合共和国。1961年联盟解体后，埃及继续使用“阿拉伯联合共和国”的国名；1971年更名为“阿拉伯埃及共和国”沿用至今，在国名中始终强调阿拉伯认同。
然而，埃及人的泛阿拉伯主义主张却在埃及和以色列的激烈冲突中遭遇挑战。1967年六日战争中，数千埃及人丧命，且丢失西奈半岛和加沙地带的领土。埃及的泛阿拉伯政治遭遇失败，埃及人对于阿拉伯主义的热忱也遭到怀疑。纳赛尔的继任者安瓦爾·薩達特转而强调埃及本国事务，和以色列议和。除了在官方国名中仍然保留“阿拉伯”外，此后的埃及政治便逐渐远离泛阿拉伯主义。然而，萨达特仍然将法老主义主张当作外交手段。1974年，拉美西斯大帝的木乃伊运往法国巴黎维护修复，萨达特要求法国人以国家元首的礼节欢迎其墓棺着陆。为了不冒犯到国内的虔诚穆斯林，萨达特政权依然在国内抑制法老主义思潮，关闭了多处博物馆的木乃伊展厅。对此，萨达特辩称道“不该让埃及诸王沦为观光对象”，关闭展厅是出于“对古代历史的尊重”。
当代发展
法老主义在当代基本沦为旅游产业的宣传手段，绝大多数埃及人并无强烈的古埃及身份认同。多数的当代埃及人自视为文化上的阿拉伯人。尽管如此，亦有少数人群反对这一主张，认为阿拉伯民族主义政策已经失败，甚至公开发声要求删去国名中的“阿拉伯”字眼。2007年，《今日埃及》（el-Masri el-Yom）日报刊登了一篇采访报告，记者在工人区的车站采访当地人对阿拉伯民族主义的看法。其中一位年轻人不满地答复道：“阿拉伯民族主义意味着埃及外交部长可以在耶路撒冷被巴勒斯坦人侮辱；意味着萨达特死后，其他阿拉伯领袖开心得起舞；意味着埃及人在波斯湾阿拉伯国家受辱；也当然意味着，在和以色列的战争中，全体阿拉伯国家都将等到埃军全部战死后再出马。”还有人表示“阿拉伯国家厌恶埃及人”，和以色列联盟相较继续坚持阿拉伯民族主义要好得多，毕竟“以色列至少会尊重埃及人”。
当代有不少埃及名人反对阿拉伯民族主义和埃及人的阿拉伯认同，如考古学家札希·哈瓦斯、作家、哈佛大学的埃及裔教授等。尼尔·德罗萨（Neil DeRosa）的小说《约瑟夫的种子》（Joseph's Seed）中，有一位埃及籍角色，主张“埃及人不是阿拉伯人，也永不会是阿拉伯人”。
当代知识界在发表针对阿拉伯民族主义的批评言论时，常宣扬法老主义的主张。例如，认为埃及的阿拉伯民族主义刻意矮化埃及本土身份认同，仅仅用埃及文化的一个侧面（即带有阿拉伯和伊斯兰文化色彩的一面）来以偏概全地概括埃及人的一切文明。美国伊朗裔人类学家尼卢法尔·哈埃里（Niloofar Haeri）曾在开罗进行田野调查，他在2003年的著作中称：“历史上，埃及人认为他们和‘阿拉伯人’相去甚远，尽管在当代也很少在日常场合自视为阿拉伯人。‘il-'arab’（阿拉伯人）在埃及阿拉伯语中主要是指海湾阿拉伯国家的国民……埃及既是泛阿拉伯主义的领袖，也是反泛阿拉伯主义的流行地。埃及人常常（在纳赛尔时代）被迫划入阿拉伯人的行列，因为他们在历史上从未有如此认同。埃及人是自觉形成的民族，不仅仅在泛阿拉伯主义兴起之前是这样，在英国殖民时期就已是如此。埃及人的领土疆域是远古时期的传承，埃及有着独特的历史，可以追溯到法老文明的时代，现今亦可体现于科普特语和科普特文化之上。这早已令埃及凝聚成统一的民族。埃及人眼中的埃及有着自己的历史、文化和语言，埃及人是埃及人，不是阿拉伯人。”
埃及的科普特人使用和古埃及语一脉相承的科普特语，他们自视为古埃及文明的传承者，因此有着强烈的法老主义主张。也有西方学者称，科普特人的法老主义有着强烈的欧洲东方主义色彩，从而质疑其间的逻辑关系。
批评
法老主义在现今趋于式微。加拿大考古学家迈克尔·伍德（Michael Wood）认为，法老主义强调古埃及历史，这一时期实是过于久远，除建筑和文物外少有传承，且语言亦已失传，和今日的阿拉伯语毫无关联。伍德还指出，民众认为古埃及是一个“奴隶国度”，尽管当代的考古学家和历史学家多质疑这一观点，古埃及“奴隶国度”的形象仍然是伊斯兰世界和西方世界的刻板观念，也令这一时期的历史备受争议。而且，在埃及文化中地位重大的伊斯兰文化中，更是存在“暴君法老”的刻板印象。在出埃及记中，法老冷酷而狂妄，他囚禁以色列人，后在追击摩西时丧命红海，是堕落而残暴的反面形象。1981年10月6日，埃及总统萨达特遇刺，刺客行凶时曾大喊：“我们杀死了法老王！”阿拉伯语中有一动词“tafar'ana”，本意是“像法老般行事”，引申义为行事残暴。
伍德还写到，古埃及的遗迹，如陵墓、宫殿、神庙，“崇拜死亡的贵族异教国度”的遗存，在当代皆被视为古埃及奴役百姓的象征。这些宏伟而又夸张的建筑在今人眼中，仿佛在夸耀神王的伟大——法老奴役世人，以宗教的权威迫使全社会为之付出辛劳。尽管当今的历史学家早已构建出无比复杂的古埃及社会结构模型，这一模糊的刻板印象仍然根深蒂固。现代埃及学家对于古埃及平民的了解甚少，难以推测其想法和观点。但古埃及确是高度分化的等级制社会，今人不能以今日的价值观去衡量古埃及的价值。
20世纪40年代，法老主义式微，主要应归因至埃及根深蒂固的伊斯兰教信仰，既要令埃及穆斯林接受蒙昧时代的产物，又不能令他们放弃伊斯兰信仰，是颇为艰难的挑战。墨西哥在19世纪借用中部美洲文明，如玛雅文明、阿兹特克文明的元素，完成了现代墨西哥民族的构建。在墨西哥，存在着圣母向原住民牧师显灵的传说，即“瓜达卢佩圣母”，将天主教神学和原住民历史联系到了一起。而在埃及，将“违抗安拉意志”的法老和伊斯兰信仰结合是十分艰难的，而法老主义也没有结合二者的合理方案，因此仍难以和伊斯兰教信仰调和共存。
除此之外，法老主义和埃及学研究之间也有着矛盾的关系。19世纪至20世纪上半叶的埃及考古工作，几乎全部由西方人士完成。这为埃及本地的研究者设下了天然的门槛。在西方埃及学家看来，古埃及历史和现代埃及毫无干系。“埃及学”仅专指研究古埃及的学科，不包含现代埃及。更有19世纪的种族主义学说声称，现代埃及人不是古埃及人的后裔，埃及的历史就是优势外来民族消灭劣势本地民族的历史循环。此类种族主义论调的目的是证明现代埃及人和辉煌的古文明毫无瓜葛，“荣耀的西方人”才是埃及文明的“真正传承者”。这些论调也影响了现代埃及人，令他们淡化古埃及文明的地位，相信自身的确不是古埃及的继承者。
埃及的科普特人使用的语言是由古埃及语发展而来的。科普特人从19世纪开始，就显现出和法老主义类似的思想，自称是古埃及人的正统后裔。法老主义成为少数科普特人实行民族构建的理论来源，绝大部分埃及人则被推向古埃及历史的对立面。伍德认为，以古埃及文明为着重点的埃及民族主义，亦即法老主义并不适合当今的埃及人——对于任何想要构建现代埃及民族认同的人士来说，古埃及历史实是“不适宜的历史”。
法老主义的最终目的是完全抛弃伊斯兰文化和阿拉伯文化，令埃及走向完全西化的道路。伍德认为，在英国统治时期，法老主义可以启蒙埃及人的“欧洲认同”，但更应强调西化的必要性，而不应一味抓住现代埃及人不愿承认的“古埃及荣耀”不放。
参见
科普特人
腓尼基主義
舒乌比耶
参考文献
埃及民族主义
反阿拉伯民族主义
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六歌仙（ろっかせん）是日本歌人・隨筆家紀貫之在『古今和歌集假名序』（『古今和歌集』之序文）中列舉的六位「近世的有名歌人」，被後世稱作「六歌仙」。
僧正遍昭
在原業平
文屋康秀
喜撰法師
小野小町
大友黑主
圖片
關連項目
三十六歌仙
中古三十六歌仙
外部連結
六歌仙
平安時代歌人
日本名數6
日本人物并称
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Al-Amiri may refer to:
Abu al-Hassan al-Amiri (died 992), Iranian Islamic philosopher in the Kindi tradition
Hadi Al-Amiri (born 1954), head of the Badr Organization, military wing of the Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council (SIIC); Iraqi member of parliament
Najiha Al-Amiri (born 1956), Iraqi politician
Saheb al-Amiri (died 2006), Muqtada al-Sadr's top aide, killed in a raid by U.S. troops
See also
Amiri (disambiguation)
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Therapeutic Abortion Committees (commonly known as TACs) were committees established under the Canadian Criminal Code. Each committee consisted of three medical doctors who would decide whether a request for an abortion fit within the exception to the criminal offence of procuring a miscarriage, i.e. performing an abortion. The Criminal Code only permitted lawful abortion if continuation of a pregnancy would cause a woman medical harm, as certified by a TAC. The TACs were almost always composed of men, due to fewer women practicing medicine and even fewer having these types of high level positions. These restrictions on abortion were struck down as unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Canada in its decision in R v Morgentaler in 1988.
Abortion law in Canada prior to 1968
Prior to 1968, abortion was a criminal offence in Canada. Any woman who sought an abortion was potentially committing a criminal offence. If a doctor performed an abortion on compassionate or medical grounds, the doctor ran the risk of being prosecuted under the Criminal Code.
In many cases, judges were willing to convict but juries were unwilling to condemn any qualified medical doctor acting in good faith with the intention to protect the health of a patient.
Introduction of Therapeutic Abortion Committees in 1968
In 1968, the federal Minister of Justice, Pierre Trudeau, introduced the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1968-69 to amend the Criminal Code in many respects, including in relation to abortion. The bill introduced the concept of Therapeutic Abortion Committees, which could approve abortions for medical reasons. The committees were based in hospitals and had to be composed of three doctors. The doctor who proposed to perform an abortion could not be a member of the committee which considered the request.
Text of the law
Following the passage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1968–69, the provisions dealing with abortion read as follows:
251. (1) Every one who, with intent to procure the miscarriage of a female person, whether or not she is pregnant, uses any means for the purpose of carrying out his intention is guilty of an indictable offence and is liable to imprisonment for life.
(2) Every female person who, being pregnant, with intent to procure her own miscarriage, uses any means or permits any means to be used for the purpose of carrying out her intention is guilty of an indictable offence and is liable to imprisonment for two years.
...
(4) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to
(a) a qualified medical practitioner, other than a member of a therapeutic abortion committee for any hospital, who in good faith uses in an accredited or approved hospital any means for the purpose of carrying out his intention to procure the miscarriage of a female person, or
(b) a female person who, being pregnant, permits a qualified medical practitioner to use in an accredited or approved hospital any means described in paragraph (a) for the purpose of carrying out her intention to procure her own miscarriage,
if, before the use of those means, the therapeutic abortion committee for that accredited or approved hospital, by a majority of the members of the committee and at a meeting of the committee at which the case of such female person has been reviewed,
(c) has by certificate in writing stated that in its opinion the continuation of the pregnancy of such female person would or would be likely to endanger her life or health, and
(d) has caused a copy of such certificate to be given to the qualified medical practitioner.
These were the provisions of the law which the Supreme Court ruled to be unconstitutional in R v Morgentaler.
The law in operation
Abortion clinics not covered
Abortion clinics were illegal under this law; in Québec only, authorities concluded in the 1970s that the law was unenforceable after a number of unsuccessful criminal cases against doctors. Most notably Henry Morgentaler openly operated clinics as a form of civil disobedience in order to establish a judicial test case based on the legal defence of necessity.
Variation from hospital to hospital
Even within the hospital system, there were great discrepancies between what different TAC's in different hospitals would be willing to consider a risk to a woman's health.
In some hospitals, mental health problems resulting from carrying a pregnancy to term were acceptable to the TAC as endangering a woman's health. This made abortion partially accessible (albeit with at best limited access and some rather unacceptable delays) in some communities as women could claim to be suicidal and on this basis insist that continuation of the unwanted pregnancy represented an imminent danger to mental health.
In other TAC's the law was interpreted much more closely, making it difficult to get an abortion in the hospital even if they did have a TAC.
In some cases, procedures required to protect a woman's life were not available during pregnancy. A prime example would be cancer treatments such as chemotherapy which would do extensive and irreversible harm to an embryo or foetus if done during pregnancy but which, if not done in a timely fashion, can allow the cancer to spread to a point at which the condition is fatal and no longer successfully medically treatable.
These were the cases which the TAC's were originally intended to address, but many hospitals were unwilling to perform abortions at all.
No requirement for hospitals to provide abortions
Hospitals had Therapeutic Abortion Committees only if they opted to provide abortions, and there was and is no requirement that they do so. As well, the requirement for three doctors to sit on a committee, in addition to the doctor who proposed to perform an abortion, meant that abortions were only available in hospitals where there were four doctors familiar with the procedure.
Net effect of the law
The end result was a very limited access to lawful abortion which varied widely from one town or province to another. Many towns and cities did not have any hospital that provided abortions.
Supreme Court rules the provisions are unconstitutional
In 1988, a case involving Morgentaler reached the Supreme Court of Canada. The court ruled that the provisions relating to abortion were contrary to section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Although there was no single majority judgment, the three judgments finding the provisions unconstitutional concluded that the delays and limited access to abortion inherent in the system of Therapeutic Abortion Committees violated the right to security of the person of a woman seeking an abortion. The delays and limited access potentially had a profound impact on a woman's health and thus infringed her rights to liberty and security of the person, contrary to section 7 of the Charter.
The court held that this section of the Criminal Code was unconstitutional and inoperative. The effect of the decision was that abortion was decriminalized in Canada.
Senate rejects attempt to re-criminalize
Following the Supreme Court decision, the Progressive Conservative government of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney explored legislative options in response to the decision. In 1990, a compromise bill, Bill C-34 passed the Commons. Similar to the previous requirement for approval by a TAC, it would have required the consent of one additional doctor, other than the one who proposed to perform the abortion. Although Bill C-34 passed the Commons, it was defeated in a tie vote in the Senate of Canada, marking the end of criminalisation of abortion in Canada.
See also
Abortion in Canada
References
Canadian abortion law
Legal history of Canada
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小儿营养不良性水肿的诊断是什么？1.血浆蛋白降低 尤以血浆白蛋白降低具有诊断价值。水肿严重时，血浆总蛋白量大都在45g/L(4.5g/dl)以下，血浆白蛋白大都在20g/L(2g/dl)以下。至水肿完全消失时，则血浆总蛋白大都达55g/L(5.5g/dl)，血浆白蛋白大都在25g/L(2.5g/dl)左右，可称为水肿的“临界水平”。血浆球蛋白变化甚大，仅靠此检查的诊断意义不大。2.尿常规 尿常规检查多正常。3.贫血 营养不良性水肿时，多同时伴有营养性贫血。4.人体测量 测量身高、体重、上臂围、上臂肌围，头围、胸围、腹围;测定特定部位的皮褶厚度等，以判断儿童生长发育情况，明显低于同龄人。5.肌酐/身高指数 肌酐是全身肌肉的分解产物，正常时每天的排出量比较恒定。蛋白质贮存下降时，肌肉萎缩，导致肌酐生成量减少，因此肌酐/身高指数减少。评价时可用24h尿中肌酐排出量除以身高相应的中等体型的理想肌酐排出量，求出实际排出量为理想排出量的百分数。诊断标准是：>90%正常;80%～90%为轻度营养缺乏;60%～80%为中度营养缺乏;<60%为严重营养缺乏。3.放射学检查 常规并不需要，但如发现佝偻病、骨质软化症、婴儿性坏血病或蛋白质热能营养不良时，X线检查是必需的。4.心电图检查 脚气病、钾缺乏、硒缺乏(克山病)都累及心脏，心电图检查有助于诊断及治疗。5.暗适应检查 伴有维生素A缺乏时，适应时间延长。6.营养评定指数(Nutritional assessment index,NAI) NAI也可预测死亡率，当NAI60，预后良好，40并发症与死亡率高，60～40为中等。计算公式：NAI=2.64(AC) 0.6(PA) 3.76(RBP) 0.017(PPD)-53.8式中AC为臂围(cm)、PA为前白蛋白(mg/L)、RBP为视黄醇结合蛋白(mg/L)及PPD为纯化蛋白衍生物皮内反应圈(长径×短径，cm2)。
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凹叶黄耆（学名：）为豆科黄芪属的植物，是中国的特有植物。分布在中国大陆的云南等地，生长于海拔3,600米的地区，见于山坡，目前尚未由人工引种栽培。
参考文献
凹叶黄耆
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纽约市民事法院（）是纽约州法院系统在纽约的民法法庭，主要负责裁决25,000美元以下的损失赔偿相关的案件，另外还有专门的部门处理5,000美元以下小额索赔法庭，例如房东和租客关于租金的纠纷。该法院系统还处理其他由纽约最高法院指定的案件。它处理了大约25%纽约州的法律诉讼。纽约市民事法庭按照行政区划来划分管辖范围，不过理论上它是一个全市单一的法庭。
参考文献
參見
纽约州法院系统
外部連結
New York City Civil Court
Uniform Civil Rules for the New York City Civil Court in the NYCRR
New York City Courts
New York State Unified Court System
纽约州法院
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从食道会传染艾滋病吗？艾滋病是一种由人类免疫缺陷病毒的逆转录病毒感染后，因免疫系统受到破坏，逐渐成为许多伺机性疾病的攻击目标，促成多种临床症状的综合征。因此，人体易于感染各种疾病，并可发生恶性肿瘤，病死率较高。HIV在人体内的潜伏期平均为8～9年，患艾滋病以前，可以没有任何症状地生活和工作多年。潜伏期是指感染病毒到发病出现临床症状的时间。艾滋病患者初次感染了HIV病毒以后，会出现一个窗口期，症状表现为发热、局部的淋巴结肿大、咽痛等等，并没有其他特异性的表现。尽管艾滋病毒见缝就钻，这些病毒也有弱点，它们只能在血液和体液中活的细胞中生存，不能在空气中、水中和食物中存活，离开了这些血液和体液，这些病毒会很快死亡。艾滋病毒一旦在人体之外的环境中，非常短的时间内就会因为温度一点点的变化，湿度，和的变化而遭到毁坏。当它遭到毁坏后，就不会感染别人了。一般来说，它只能在外界生存几秒。即使是在离开人体的血液之中。艾滋病毒主要存在于感染者和病人的体液(如血液、精液、阴道分泌物、乳汁等)及多种器官中,它可通过含HIV的体液交换或器官移植而传播。主要传播途径为性接触，血液和母婴传播。日常的接触不会造成感染。所以他养的家禽可以放心食用。艾滋病主要有三种传播途径性接触，血液传播，母婴传播，其他间接途径感染极为少见。艾滋病不会通过食道口腔传染的。唾液，消化道中含有各种消化酶本身对病毒就有杀灭作用，不用担心。
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勒丹冈（，；；）是法国上法蘭西大區加来海峡省的一个市镇，属于圣奥梅尔区。
地理
勒丹冈（）面积，位于法国上法蘭西大區加来海峡省，该省份为法国北部沿海省份，西北濒北海，南至索姆省，东临北部省。
与勒丹冈接壤的市镇（或旧市镇、城区）包括：。
勒丹冈的时区为UTC+01:00、UTC+02:00（夏令时）。
行政
勒丹冈的邮政编码为，INSEE市镇编码为。
政治
勒丹冈所属的省级选区为。
人口
勒丹冈于时的人口数量为人。
参见
加来海峡省市镇列表
参考文献
加来海峡省市镇
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《隱王》（）是日本漫畫家鎌谷悠希創作的日本漫畫作品。2004年開始在《月刊GFantasy》（史克威爾艾尼克斯）上連載，于2010年8月結束，單行本全14卷。2008年4月6日至9月28日播放電視動畫，2008年7月網路廣播配信。因動畫版在漫畫版完結前製作結束，結局也略有不同。
故事簡介
秘術「森羅萬象」是忍者世界「隱世」最強大的力量，而這力量就在六條壬晴的體內，各方忍者為了得到這個秘術，而展開了一場爭奪戰。
登場角色
主角
年齡：14歲。生日：10月10日。身高：157cm。體重：35kg。
體內藏有秘術「森羅萬象」的中學生。外表假裝對周遭的人與事物都沒有興趣，實際上是為了避免其他人受到傷害。常扮出純潔無垢的臉騙人的小惡魔。父母已故，對於年幼的記憶很模糊。在祖母開的御好燒店幫忙。
繼承了父母的血能自由操縱五行之術，也會使用手裏劍。
與宵風有著相同的牽絆，認為宵風是另一個自己，之後，把宵風的生命看的比自己來得重要，也因此想跟宵風一同進退。
為了宵風的願望而在尋找森羅萬象的操作方法。
與宵風密約，要得到所有的禁術書，並加入了灰狼眾，後來為了宵風反抗灰狼眾首領，和宵風一起逃走。
在宵風死後隨即使用森羅萬象把他的存在消失，同時成為隱世之王，也就是「隱王」（本人自稱自己是隱世的中心人物），再度醒來後僅保留有關於「自己讓人消失了」的記憶。同時做出了「如果留著那個人的記憶，自己會無法獨自活下去」的想法。
因為失去宵風的記憶而心靈一度變得空蕩，但在擔任雪見的攝影助手、並經歷各種事物後，逐漸地改變了心靈。
最後，在「想要呼喊出某人的名字」、「想要回憶起某人的一切」期盼越來越強烈之時，終究喚回了眾人心中有關宵風的記憶。
年齡：16歲。生日：12月下旬（自稱）。身高：180cm。體重：53kg。
平時戴著帽子身著黑色大衣，灰狼眾所屬。
使用會削減自己生命的禁術「氣羅」。身體逐漸在壞掉，喪失味覺，耳朵也因此逐漸聽不到。
十六歲時被灰狼眾首領託付由雪見代為照顧，宵風這個名字就是雪見所取的。把廢棄的巴士當作自己的隱匿處，不過基本上和雪見同住。
認為自己從未活著，且不想讓他人記住他，但其實有很強的求生意志。
跟壬晴有著密不可分的牽絆，想保護壬晴，並希望他實現自己的願望。
本名為香道空（），香道司的姊姊(哥哥)，同時擁有男性與女性的性徵。因自己的誕生而讓母親難產而死，從小就被人稱為「死神」，被父親用刀斬傷左頸，為服部柊十郎所救。
學習氣羅的關係曾使得原本個頭矮小的他，在三天三夜之內身體如同被撕裂般抽長至如今的高度，而生命也即將耗盡，後來發現對生命雖然無奈，卻迫切不想死。
因為"空"是為了原為女性的自己所取的名字，所以認為那不是自己的名字，被雪見以第一隻貓的名稱命名為宵風。
希望壬晴使用森羅萬象幫他改變歷史，使他從不存在於這個世界上。
因為反抗灰狼眾首領而被當作叛徒，和壬晴逃亡，最後在一個下雪的夜晚裡，帶著笑容在壬晴的身旁消逝死去。
動畫版結局是：事件平息後，住在雲平家中，而唯一的興趣就是織毛線，在冬天過去之前想織個圍巾送壬晴。最後在一個風和日麗的春天早晨裡，在虹一、雷鳴以及俄雨前來拜訪、壬晴端來檸檬水之前，帶著笑容坐在搖椅上消逝死去，身體化作一點一點的光芒飛向天空。
萬天之里
年齡：25歲。生日：3月17日。身高：186cm。體重：73kg。
壬晴學校的英文老師。愛爾蘭出生的萬天的忍者。與壬晴簽訂契約誓死保護他。唯一有十年前森羅萬象爭奪戰時的記憶的人。
對交通工具有強烈的恐懼，即使是很遠的地方也堅持徒步過去（連自行車也不行）。
既使有如作繭自縛，還是希望能在不傷及任何人的情況下，讓森羅萬象從世上消失。但這種想法和行為常被人認為是婦人之仁。
是新撰組的迷。
與關英同居。
研發祖父未完成的忍術「是空」，並想用此忍術幫助壬晴將森羅萬象從體內取出。
年齡：14歲。生日：7月31日。身高：168cm。體重：54kg。
壬晴的同學。忍道部的部長。福嶋流的忍者。特徵是眼鏡以及白髮。平常非常老實，不過有時也會展露出冷酷無情的一面。
被風魔小太郎稱為「白澤」。
在漫畫後期喜歡上清水雷鳴。
本體是貓頭鷹，被江戶時期的忍者醫生以森羅萬象改造，擁有不死之身，而後跟隨風魔小太郎學習轉變化術，得以變成人類外貌。
曾與六條曉約定好要保護壬晴，但這記憶在十年前的爭奪戰時一同失去，直到十年後才又尋回。
最終接替雲平實行封印森羅萬象之術，並與黑岡野、森羅一同消失離去。
伊賀之里（灰狼眾）
年齡：27歲。生日：1月23日。身高：180cm（駝背狀態）。體重：76kg。
灰狼眾的一員。宵風的保護者。表世的身分是自由撰稿人。妹妹雪見和穗也是灰狼眾的人。
「宵風」的名字是他取的，是以他以前養過的三毛貓的名字為基礎。
獨自調查宵風的過去。因為對反叛的宵風無法放任不管而被視為叛徒，之後脫離了灰狼眾。
為了保護壬晴跟宵風而失去了右手。
在宵風消失後收養了被香道司找到的小黑貓，同樣把牠取名為「宵風」，當尋回記憶時，為避免混淆，將黑貓重新名為「宵」。
在右手的傷好後請壬晴幫忙做拍照的工作。
年齡：20歲。生日：9月20日。身高：177cm。體重：65kg。
清水雷鳴的哥哥。
因為喜歡彼岸花，把頭髮染成粉紅色（原本為金色）。興趣是搜集護身符。不擅長拍照和開車。
原本所在的村子在隱世是處於中立的立場，離開清水家後加入灰狼眾。造反者取締人「分刀」所屬。持有「白我聞」。
五年前因為叔父造反，清水家的當家、雷光和雷鳴的母親被殺害，雷光因而殺死造反的叔父，卻不巧被雷鳴目擊，五年來一直被誤解。
與黑岡詩稿戰鬥，戰敗傷重，所幸被沙羅救回一命。
曾一度因雪見的叛變使雙方處於敵對狀態，在理解他想保護宵風的原因後，就不再追殺他，並在灰狼眾裡幫助宵風。
在動畫中最後不幸死在服部手中。又因壬晴使用了森羅萬象，導致無法找到其屍體。漫畫中在宵風消失後與俄雨一起離開灰狼眾，並決心復興清水家族。
年齡：16歲。生日：2月28日。血型：A型。身高：167cm。體重：53kg。
分刀的一人，雷光的跟班兼支援角色。出身於表世，被雷光救了之後才知道隱世的存在。希望能幫助雷光且非常崇拜他。
為了化解雷鳴對雷光的誤解，在雷鳴與雷光的對決中出現，保護了雷鳴，自己卻昏迷不醒。後被宵風以「氣羅」所救，最後也有幫助宵風。
在動畫結局留在萬天與大家生活在一起。跟雷鳴一起學習劍道。漫畫中在宵風消失後跟著雷光一起離開灰狼眾，並保有「曾經有個人救了昏迷中的自己」的記憶。
灰狼眾的首領。表世的身分是政治評論家，野心強大。
動畫中最後因刺激到了宵風的心靈痛處而被近乎精神崩潰的宵風失手殺死。。
漫畫則是死於實為風魔忍者的一季。
舊姓雪見和穗，雪見和彥的妹妹。灰狼眾的一員，已婚，在表世和同是灰狼眾的結婚對象經營壽司店「天立」。
有醫師執照，也是宵風的主治醫生。秘術研究班所屬。
與雲平一同研究森羅萬象的封印術式。
表世是服部的經紀人。關西腔。失明。平常穿著和服。
實際上是風魔派往臥底的忍者。
風魔之里
年齡：14歲。生日：4月1日。身高：161cm。體重：44kg。
金髮雙馬尾少女武士，經常在左手手腕上佩帶淡紅色的念珠。
為風魔一族分支、隱世監視者清水家的一員。
個性單純且有點莽撞，一激動便會認錯人。
持有「黑我聞」（清水家的傳家寶刀之一），於阻止虹一與史島時被斬斷。喜歡修行。
以個人的身分幫助壬晴，認為森羅萬象怎麼使用全憑壬晴自己的意志。
漫畫中後期喜歡上相澤虹一。
最大的願望就是和虹一還有壬晴一起上學。
年齡：120。生日：12月31日23:59（本人自稱）。
風魔之里的首領。擅長變化術。好女色。表世的身分是「旋風太郎左衛門」、文部科學省名譽顧問。
並非是戰國忍者風魔小太郎，而是繼承其稱號的傳人，出生於明智時期。
稱虹一與史島為「白澤大人」。
是教導相澤虹一和黑岡野史島轉變化術的人。
為了想滿足求知慾，而想在死前溶入森羅萬象，體驗無限的智慧。
實行了種種布局，包括勾結灰狼眾、安插大量臥底。
就是10年前曾經殺死壬晴的人，但卻與眾人一樣失去了這段記憶，直到10年後才再次想起。
在試圖奪取森羅萬象並轉移到自己身上的期間，遭雲平從背後刺殺，而後化為枯骨死去。
風魔之里的副首領。經常陪雷鳴修行。
於小太郎死後接任首領。
年齡：12歲。生日：5月5日。身高：144cm。體重：33kg。
風魔之里的一人。小學生少女。主要處理藥品。
廚藝很差。
喜歡六條壬晴。
戶隱之里
戶隱之里的首領。表世的身分是人力派遣公司「Fog Blue」的社長。學會禁術「飯綱心眼」，會讀心術。
女兒名為「有沙」，死於車禍。
人力派遣公司「Fog Blue」的員工、織田的部下，被織田認為是個表裡如一、個性單純的人。
喜歡織田八重。
其實是風魔派去的間諜，潛入戶隱之里約半年時間之久的忍者，練就了就算被織田讀心也不會洩漏秘密的能力。
表世和隱世都是風魔的圖書館管理員。
甲賀之里
年齡：不明。生日：不明。身高：139cm。體重：30kg。
甲賀阿爾亞學院的學生。特徵是雪白的長髮。
喜歡觀察人類跟天氣預報。
本體是壬晴飼養的貓「白玉」。和虹一同為被森羅萬象所改造的實驗體，擁有不死之身，而後跟隨風魔小太郎學習轉變化術，得以變成人類外貌。
曾與六條曉約定好要保護壬晴，但這記憶在十年前的爭奪戰時一同失去，直到十年後才又尋回。
最後與相澤虹一、森羅一同消失離去。
甲賀阿爾亞學院的學生。帶著眼鏡。學生會會長。有冷靜透徹的判斷力。與閂老師對立著，喜歡壬晴。
甲賀阿爾亞學院的學生。學生會的幹事之一。
甲賀阿爾亞學院的校長。
甲賀阿爾亞學院的老師。為了自己的欲望而利用學生，打算搶奪「蛇藥」的禁術書。
其他
壬晴的母親，隱世的一員。
十年前是森羅萬象的繼承者。利用森羅萬象之術把已死去的壬晴性命救回來。
壬晴的父親，隱世的一員。
雲平的祖父。曾在北愛爾蘭的皇家警衛隊從事特殊諜報員的工作。對日本忍者有興趣。
「是空」的發明者，十年前試圖消除森羅萬象時，遭小太郎殺害。
年齡：40歲。生日：11月22日。身高：163cm。體重：47kg。鞋子的尺寸：24cm。
血型：O型。喜好：看書、跟蹤、飲食，有趣的事物都喜歡。厭惡：虎假虎威的人。
特技：劍玉、修復。職業：古生物學者兼萬天市中央博物館館員。
雲平的同居人，同為隱世一員，但幾乎沒有摻與其中。因為是古生物學者，經常外出不在家。
個性溫柔，曾為宵風編織了圍巾。
雪見遇見的少年，高中棒球部所屬。和父親帶來的孩子相處不好，自己在外面住公寓。喜歡檸檬水。
其實是宵風（香道空）義理的弟弟。
對於沒有出手挽救姐姐(哥哥)而後悔著。
在宵風還活著時，就被雪見和彥告知他已死亡的消息，因為雪見認為宵風已是隱世之人，不該再和普通人的司有所牽連。
用語
勢力
忍的五大勢力
風魔
由風魔小太郎擔任首領，反對使用秘術。村子在深山裡用霞之幻術隱蔽。禁術是「轉變化」。
甲賀
幕末之後關閉村子，隱藏其存在。把村子作為「私立阿爾亞學院」的教育機構，作為首領的希里悟斯·羽柴是學園長。表世是教育出多名大學合格者的小中高一貫的高升學率學校。在特別的升學路線中進行忍者的教育，而畢業生也被嚴格控管。禁術是「蛇藥」。
戶隱
飯綱心眼的勢力在明治維新後消息不明，不過現在村子座落在長野縣中心的辦公大樓·人力派遣公司「Fog Blue」。織田八重是首領兼社長，表面上是做人力派遣，不過也做著企業間諜、國際戰略諜報等工作。禁術是「飯綱心眼」，
萬天
原本在戰國時代是個小規模的村落，現在以萬天中學忍道部的形式存在著。由雲平·帷·杜蘭達暫代首領。禁術是「圓月輪」。
伊賀
「灰狼眾」是其一派。首領是服部柊十郎。禁術是「氣羅」。
其他勢力
傘
國家防衛省所屬，特殊機密情報部隊。網羅了許多優秀的忍者。
目前和灰狼眾合作，一方面追捕宵風和壬晴，一方面追殺萬天和風魔的人。
禁術
伊賀之里(灰狼眾)的宵風使用。利用萬物的「氣」，類似中國的氣功術。將用手指著對方施，從內部進行破壞。
注入敵人體內的是自己的生命碎片，故使用後會削減自己的生命。當原主死去時，被注入的人也會跟著死去。
風魔之里的首領風魔小太郎使用。能變化成各式各樣的人或動物。
戶隱之里的首領織田八重使用。類似讀心術。
使用後會削減生命。
萬能藥，能治癒不治之症，禁術書上記載的是調配方法。
主材料是年輕忍者的腦髓。
萬天之里的雲平所持有，禁術書是在十年前雲平的爺爺交給他的。
能使記憶再現。
其實就是雲平左耳平時戴的耳環。
秘術
隱藏在六條壬晴的體內。是所有忍術的全部及根源，可實現寄主的任何願望。
以女性的姿態出現，壬晴稱之為妖精小姐。
雖說是一本書，卻不是以筆墨記載。
若用不當的方式消除宿主，則會隨機轉移。
出版書籍
電視動畫
製作人員
企劃：田口浩司、川村明廣
行政製片人：鈴木大三、淺野健、阿部倫久、太布尚弘
製作人：井出美惠、松倉友二
動畫製作製片人：柏田真一郎
系列構成：橫手美智子
人物設計：岩倉和憲
道具設計：木本茂樹
總作畫監督：中山由美
美術監督：小林七郎
色彩設定：店橋真弓
攝影監督：大河內喜夫
編輯：西山茂
音響監督：吉田知弘
音樂：
音樂協力：TV TOKYO MUSIC
監督：杉島邦久
動畫製作：J.C.STAFF
製作：（Square Enix、Geneon、三菱商事、J.C.STAFF、Movic）
主題曲
片頭曲「CRAWL」（1-25話）
作詞、作曲：長沼秀典，編曲、歌：VELTPUNCH
片尾曲「HIKARI」（1-15話）
作詞：西田惠美，作曲：杉森舞，編曲：前田涉，歌：ELISA
片尾曲「」（16-25話）
作詞、作曲：本多真季，歌：
各話列表
播放電視台
網路廣播
萬天篇「」
配信地點：官方網站內
配信期間：2008年7月25日－
主持人：浪川大輔（雲平·帷·杜蘭達）、日野聰（相澤虹一）
灰狼眾篇「」
配信地點：官方網站內
配信期間：2008年8月8日－
主持人：諏訪部順一（清水雷光）、岡本信彥（目黑俄雨）
外部連結
月刊GFantasy漫畫官方網站
動畫官方網站
東京電視台動畫官方網站
J.C.STAFF動畫官方網站
日本漫畫作品
月刊GFantasy
忍者漫畫
2008年東京電視網動畫
忍者動畫
岡山縣背景作品
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陕西财贸学院是存在于1956年到2000年的一所陕西省财经学院，后改名陕西财经学院。2000年与西安交通大学、西安医科大学合并，成为新的西安交通大学经济与金融学院。
历史
外部链接
西安交通大学经济与金融学院
西安交通大学管理学院
参见
西安交通大学
西安医科大学
参考
西安交通大学院系
中国商学院
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津田梅子（，），是明治時代的教育者、日本女子教育的先驅。父親是舊江戶幕府幕臣、出身東京府士族的津田仙。津田梅子是其次女。初名，後於1902年改漢字名梅子。
早年生平
在1871年（明治4年），明治政府出使西方，希望能夠就改正不平等條約問題向外國進行交涉、並視察歐美諸國的現代化發展。這就是明治維新早年外交歷程中，最大規模的派遣出使運動—岩倉使團。津田梅子在父親的安排下，也有隨行使節團出使美國，是成為使團中五名女團員的其中最年輕的一位。同年11月使團於橫濱出發、橫越太平洋後在加利福尼亞登陸，並於在同年12月抵達美國首都華盛頓。
津田梅子在美國進行留學生活，長居美國。她在美國進修英語及鋼琴，在她十一年留美生活期間，她開始萌生信奉基督教的思想，她在1873年受了洗成為了教徒。1878年，在喬治鎮學院（）毕業以後、她進入了私立女學校the Archer Institute繼續進修拉丁語及法語語學、英語文學、自然科學、心理學、藝術。在1881年由於北海道開拓使黑田清隆發出歸國命令、在學途中的山川捨松為梅子提出延長申請、最終在1882年7月畢業。並在11月時回國。
回到日本
在1882年她回國以後，津田梅子幾乎忘記了如何說日本語，而且她面對着很大的適應問題，她感受到西方和日本之間在對待女性地位的落差，即使面對她相較已算是西化的父親，仍感覺到強烈的傳統男尊女卑的思想。她回日後成為伊藤博文孩子的老師，1885年又在一間專門給予華族女兒就讀的學校—學習院女學部工作，擔當英語教師。在三年多時間的華族教育生涯中，她不認同華族女子學校的教學風氣及學校政策，因為學校並非要求學生以學習知識充實自己作目標，而是希望學生成為一個順服的賢妻良母。津田梅子又再次產生赴美的念頭。
推動女子教育
在獲得校長西村茂樹的兩年間留學許可後。在1889年7月津田梅子再度赴美。因為當時熱衷研究達爾文的進化論，於是她在賓夕凡尼亞州的布林茅爾學院（）專攻生物學，她亦有攻讀教育課程。同時她開展了協助其他日本女性出國留學的念頭，她發表公開言論，以及提供八千元，作為女性出國留學的資助。
她回國以後，她通過公開言論再推動女子教學，1889年的女子教育法確保了一個府縣必須要有一間女子高中，不過，這些女子高中的質素始終因政府政策的干預而不及男子高中，於是津田梅子1900年在東京的麴町創立女子英學塾，是類似類似美國衛斯理學院的私立女子名校，提供公平的教育機會予女子，津田英學塾提倡博雅教育。由於面對資金短缺，因此津田梅子需盡力籌措經費，經過她多番奔走，1903年女子英學塾終取得官方支肋。而在1905年，津田梅子成為首任東京基督教女青年會的主席。在1915年，政府褒獎津田梅子在推動女子教育的貢獻，授予她勲六等寶冠章（當時較高勳等的勳章保留給皇族、華族女子或宮中女官。戰後才有女子學校校長獲頒勳三等甚至勳二等寶冠章的例子，身為女子教育先驅的津田梅子反而只得到勳六等）。
逝世
由於津田梅子在津田英學塾工作付出太多心力，引致她身體日漸衰弱。在1919年，她回到鎌倉的別莊休養，在經過長期的病患後，她在1929年8月16日病逝，享壽六十四歲。在她死後，女子英學塾1933年易名作津田英學塾，在1943年，又名作津田塾專門學校，終在1948年，升格作大學，名為津田塾大學。她葬於東京都小平市的津田塾大學校園內。
評價
雖然津田終生未婚，將其全副心力奉獻於女子高等教育，帶來社會上就女子地位的改革。
紀念
日本副總理暨財務大臣麻生太郎於2019年4月9日的記者會上公佈新款日元紙鈔的設計，其中5,000元紙鈔上的人物為津田梅子，新款紙鈔預定於2024年起發行。
參見
明治時代
教育家
參考資料
Jansen, Marius B. The Making of Modern Japan. Belknap Press, 2002, ISBN 0-674-00991-6
Furuki Yoshiko. The White Plum: A Biography of Ume Tsuda : Pioneer in the Higher Education of Japanese Women. Weatherhill 1991, ISBN 0-8348-0243-0
Rose, Barbara. Tsuda Umeko and Women's Education in Japan. Yale University Press 1992, ISBN 0-300-05177-8
日本教育家
勳六等寶冠章獲得者
日本新教徒
日本紙幣上的人物
大学和学院建立者
勳五等瑞寶章獲得者
武藏國出身人物
津田塾大學教師
基督教女青年會
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弗罗茨瓦夫大学植物园是波兰下西里西亚省弗罗茨瓦夫的一个植物园，成立于1811年，位于座堂岛地区。该园是为当地大学的医科学生建立的。在拿破仑战争期间，城市防御工事被摧毁后，植物园遭到破坏。植物园的一部分是奥得河的一个分支，在冲突期间被填平，后来被修复为一个大型睡莲科池塘。 它是波兰第二古老的此类植物园，仅次于克拉科夫的雅盖隆大学植物园。1974年被列为下西里西亚文物保护单位，1994年起被列入历史名城保护中心。
弗罗茨瓦夫大学植物园位于弗罗茨瓦夫圣若翰洗者主教座堂和圣十字堂北侧，部分位于历史悠久的座堂岛内，距离中央集市广场大约2公里。
植物园于每年4月5日至10月30日对游客开放，需付费入场。
参考
弗罗茨瓦夫
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鉬（原子量：95.94(2)）共有33個同位素和四个同核异构体，原子量在83至115之间。其中有七个同位素存在于自然界，分别是92Mo、94Mo、95Mo、96Mo、97Mo、98Mo以及放射性的100Mo。
圖表
備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。
註釋
参考文獻
Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
Mo
钼
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怀孕吐白沫是什么原因？孕吐是比较常见的孕早期妊娠反应，主要原因是与体内的人绒毛膜促性腺激素增多有关，使孕妇的消化功能减弱，对各种气味异常敏感。有的孕妇是因为体内缺乏维生素b6，服用维生素b6补充剂后恶心会得到缓解。大多数的女性会出现恶心呕吐的症状，一般六周开始，持续12周好转，但存在很大的个体差异，需要通过饮食调节能够好转。怀孕引起孕吐的原因比较多，怀孕的时候由于体内人绒毛膜促性腺激素不断增高，同时雌激素、孕激素也可能会有增高的趋势，这个时候可能会刺激胃肠道，引起呕吐的情况发生。怀孕期间肠胃比较弱的情况下，吃了刺激性食物，可能会引起孕吐的情况发生。怀孕的时候对某些气味或者颜色可能会比较敏感，当闻到一定的气味或者看见某种颜色的时候，都可能会出现孕吐比较厉害的情况。怀孕期间如果吃了不易利于消化的食物，同时缺乏维生素，也可能会导致怀孕期间孕吐。出现这样的情况，一般在怀孕3个月就会慢慢缓解，可以根据自己的饮食习惯，吃一些自己喜欢吃的食物，增加食欲。如果只是轻度的恶心呕吐，考虑时正常的早孕反应，不用太过担心。如果妊娠早期，妇女出现严重持续的恶心呕吐，有可能会起脱水甚至酸中毒。首先应该避免接触，容易诱发呕吐的气味和食品，避免早晨空腹，鼓励少量多餐。其次可以使维生素B6和维生素B6-多西拉敏复合制剂。或者应用甲氧氯普胺，因为研究表示甲氧氯普胺没有增加胎儿畸形，自然流产的发生风险，新生儿出生体重与正常对照组相比无显著差异。大多数妊娠剧吐的患者，经过积极规范的治疗，病情很快就会得以改善。
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猴痘的传播途径是什么?？1970 年，在非洲中西部第一次报道了人类感染猴痘的病例。后来发现，猴痘在当地是一种散在发生的地方病，其实并非罕见；传染源与接触受染的动物有关，但人间传播极少。美国中西部的几个州暴发猴痘流行，发现猴痘疑似或确诊患者近百名。此次疾病暴发的起源被认为是从非洲运到美国得克萨斯州的冈比亚大鼠，宠物商将冈比亚大鼠和草原土拨鼠放在一起饲养时，将猴痘传染给了草原土拨鼠；然后通过宠物销售链在人群中传播开来。1.传播途径：人类感染猴痘，主要通过被已感染的动物咬伤，或直接接触被感染动物的血液、体液、猴痘病损而受染；通常由动物传给人，偶也可以发生人到人的猴痘传播。一般认为，是在直接的、长时间面对面的接触中，通过含毒的大量呼吸飞沫而传播。另外，猴痘还可以通过直接接触感染者的体液或病毒污染的物品，如衣服和被褥传播。不过，猴痘的传染性远远小于天花，故人间传播并不常见。2.易感人群：未接种过牛痘的人群对猴痘普遍易感。宠物商店、宠物爱好者、动物饲养设施的工作人员等直接接触者可能成为高危人群。
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陳明楓（印尼語名： ，），筆名：陳楓。為印度尼西亞語語言學家和印/漢語辭典奠基人、辭典學家、翻譯家、社會活動家。
生平
1923年9月14日，出生於印度尼西亞雅加達，後全家移居蘇門答臘棉蘭，畢業於雅加達著名華校八帝貫中華學校(簡稱八華)。1946年回到棉蘭，1947年加入由王任叔、胡愈之等所創辦的印度尼西亞棉蘭《前進周刊》和華文/印尼文報章《民主日報》工作。同年加入中國民主同盟，並擔任蘇門答臘支部領導成員之一。1948年接替邵宗漢擔任《民主日報》總編輯。1954年起，與夫人黃金鳳(筆名：黃鳳)聯手編輯《印度尼西亞語漢語辭典》，該書於1963年6月由北京商務印書館出版發行。1977年起，為北京大學東方語言文學系，印度尼西亞語言文學教研室之《新印度尼西亞語漢語辭典》編輯。2000年8月20日在澳門逝世。
學術領域
印度尼西亞語语言研究，為中國首部印度尼西亞語辭典《印度尼西亞語漢語辭典 Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Tionghoa》之編著者。
學術著作
《印度尼西亞語漢語辭典 Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Tionghoa》1963.6-北京商務印書館出版 統一書號：9017.119
《新印度尼西亞語漢語辭典 Kamus Baru Bahasa Indonesia-Tionghoa》1989.11-北京商務印書館出版 ISBN 7-100-00803-4
参考文献
黃書海《忘不了的歲月》世界知識出版社 2003.2，ISBN 7-5012-1975-3
陳實《父親與他的辭典》澳門日報 2007.4.18，E10鏡海版
《新印度尼西亞語漢語辭典 Kamus Baru Bahasa Indonesia-Tionghoa》1989.11-北京商務印書館出版 ISBN 7-100-00803-4
外部链接
福建僑聯
李文《出身八華和棉華的〈民主日報〉總編輯陳明楓和黃金鳳》
鄭原心 《印尼蘇北華族文化五十年》
印度尼西亚翻译家
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Thorlo Inc. is a family-owned padded-sock manufacturing company based in Statesville, North Carolina. The socks produced by the company commands about 1.1% of the total market of the United States.
Overview
The technology of engineered padded socks was invented by Jim Throneburg in 1953 and he founded Thorlo Inc. in 1980. During the early years of the company they manufactured socks specially for runners. They later started manufacturing socks with cushy heel padding and low-friction fibers for other activities. Since then, the company expanded its production to 32 different types of socks, specifically designed for sports like basketball, tennis and golf; and other activities like the military training and Western boots. The company also has a production line of casual socks, and lighter-weight socks for performance athletes.
The company claims to reduce foot pain by 51% based on peer-reviewed clinical research compared to regular cotton socks, that limits both the number and size of sports-related blisters.
References
Companies based in North Carolina
Companies established in 1980
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《印度史》（，）由古希腊学者麦加斯梯尼所著，描绘了孔雀王朝时期古印度的人文历史。著作原本今已遗失，现存仅一些后世希腊文与拉丁文作品对此书的片段引用。早期曾引用过《印度史》的作家包括西西里的狄奧多羅斯、斯特拉波（地理志）、小普林尼、阿里安（印度史）。
参考
印度史書
古希臘語作品
傳說生物題材作品
印度背景作品
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多昂（）是法国北部-加来海峡大区加来海峡省的一个市镇，属于圣奥梅尔区兰布尔县。该市镇2009年时的人口为828人。
人口
多昂人口变化图示
参见
加来海峡省市镇列表
参考文献
加来海峡省市镇
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Valantalai is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province.
See also
List of towns in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
External links
Populated places in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
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Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
Events
The first blue plaque is erected in London by the Royal Society of Arts on the birthplace (1788) of English poet Lord Byron, subsequently demolished.
Works published in English
Canada
Charles Heavysege, "Jezebel," New Dominion Monthly (Montreal)
United Kingdom
Matthew Arnold, New Poems, including "Dover Beach"
Philip James Bailey, Universal Hymn (see also Festus 1839)
Mathilde Blind, publishing under the pen name "Claude Lake", Poems
Jean Ingelow, A Story of Doom, and Other Poems
William Morris, The Life and Death of Jason
Algernon Charles Swinburne, Song of Italy
Augusta Webster, A Woman Sold, and Other Poems
United States
George Arnold, Poems, Grave and Gay, published posthumously
John Burroughs, Notes on Walt Whitman as Poet and Person, biography and criticism
Ralph Waldo Emerson, May-Day and Other Pieces
Bret Harte, The Lost Galleon
Josiah Gilbert Holland, Kathrina: Her Life and Mine, in a Poem
Emma Lazarus, Poems and Translations
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Flower-de-Luce
James Russell Lowell, The Biglow Papers, Second Series
William Gilmore Simms, editor, War Poetry of the South
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Religious Poems
Rose Hartwick Thorpe, Curfew Must Not Ring Tonight
Henry Timrod, "Ode: Sung on the Occasion of Decorating the Graves of the Confederate Dead at Magnolia Cemetery, Charleston, S.C., 1867"
Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass, fourth edition (first edition 1855)
John Greenleaf Whittier, The Tent on the Beach
Other in English
Australia:
Adam Lindsay Gordon
Ashtaroth, a Dramatic Lyric
Sea Spray and Smoke Drift
Henry Kendall – "Bell-Birds"
Works published in other languages
France
François Coppée, Les Intimites and Poemes modernes, published from this year to 1869
Alfred de Vigny, Journal d’un poète ("Journal of a Poet"), posthumously published
Other
Lydia Koidula, Emajõe Ööbik ("The Nightingale of the Mother River"), Estonia
Jan Neruda, Knihy veršů ("Books of Verses"), Czech
Piet Paaltjens (François Haverschmidt), Snikken en grimlachjes: poëzie uit den studententijd ("Sobs and Bitter Grins: poetry of student days"), Netherlands
Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
February 9 – Natsume Sōseki 夏目 漱石 (commonly referred to as "Sōseki"), pen name of Natsume Kinnosuke 夏目金之助 (died 1916), Japanese, Meiji Era novelist, haiku poet, composer of Chinese-style poetry, writer of fairy tales and a scholar of English literature; from 1984–2004, his portrait appears on the 1000 yen note (surname: Natsume)
March 2 – Louis Lavater (died 1953), Australian
March 15 – Lionel Pigot Johnson (died 1902), English
April 10 – George William Russell "Æ" (died 1935), Irish
June 5 - Paul-Jean Toulet (died 1920), French
June 17 – Henry Lawson (died 1922), Australian
August 2 – Ernest Dowson (died 1900), English poet, novelist and writer of short stories associated with the Decadent movement
August 13 – Rudolf G. Binding (died 1938), Swiss-born German
September 17 – Masaoka Shiki 正岡 子規, pen-name of Masaoka Tsunenori 正岡 常規, who changes his name to Noboru 升 (died 1902), Japanese author, poet, literary critic, journalist and, early in his life, a baseball player (surname: Masaoka)
November 8 – Sadakichi Hartmann (died 1944), American
November 26 – Roderic Quinn (died 1949), Australian
Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
January 5? – Alexander Smith (born 1829), Scottish Spasmodic poet
January 20 – Nathaniel Parker Willis (born 1806), American author, poet and editor
February 2 – Forceythe Willson (born 1837), American poet
February 23 – Pietro Zorutti (Pieri Çorut, born 1792), Friulian poet
August 31 – Charles Baudelaire (born 1821), French poet, critic and translator
October 7 – Henry Timrod (born 1829), American poet
November 19 – Fitz-Greene Halleck (born 1790), American poet
John Hollin Ridge (born 1827), American poet
See also
19th century in poetry
19th century in literature
List of years in poetry
List of years in literature
Victorian literature
French literature of the 19th century
Poetry
Notes
Poetry
19th-century poetry
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请描述烟酰胺注射液的药代动力学？胃肠易吸收，肌注吸收更快。吸收后在体内转变成辅酶分布到全身组织，半衰期为45分钟。
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坎波马里诺（），是意大利坎波巴索省的一个市镇。总面积76平方公里，人口7168人，人口密度94.3人/平方公里（2009年）。ISTAT代码为070010。
参考
外部链接
坎波巴索省市镇
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Niznik may refer to:
Stephanie Niznik, an American actress
Niznik Island, an island in Antarctica
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British Channel Island Ferries (BCIF) was a ferry operator who ran services between the United Kingdom and the Channel Islands.
History
Channel Island Ferries
The company was founded in late 1984 as Channel Island Ferries by a consortium made up of Brittany Ferries, Huelin Renouf and Mainland Market Deliveries (MMD) to compete with Sealink British Ferries services to Portsmouth and Weymouth. Channel Island Ferries established their service from Portsmouth to the Channel Islands late in March 1985 using the ferry Corbière, previously the Benodet of Brittany Ferries. Sealink British Ferries had made a number of unpopular changes to its services and fare structure for the 1985 season which resulted in Channel Island Ferries gaining 85% of the passenger market from Portsmouth, this later dropped to 55% in 1986 after Sealink reorganised their fares and sailings to combat Channel Island Ferries following massive losses. The company had made such an impact on the Channel Island market that Sealink entered into talks to merge the two companies operations to save money and reduce over-capacity. The joint venture was announced on 30 September 1986. The plans was for the new company to be known as British Channel Island Ferries and operate the Corbiere and Sealink's Earl Granville from Portsmouth and maintain a summer only service from Weymouth using another Sealink vessel. The announcement resulted in almost immediate strike action by the crews of the four Sealink vessels which included the blockade of Guernsey's only linkspan by the Earl William forcing Channel Island Ferries to suspend service to the island for five days, the service resumed after Earl William sailed to Weymouth to join the other Sealink ships on strike.
Sealink were unable to reach an agreement with their crew to join the new service which meant Sealink were not able to fulfil its agreement to provide the Earl Granville and another ship for the new service. Channel Island Ferries later took out a series of high court injunctions against Sealink which allowed Channel Island Ferries to trade as British Channel Island Ferries and prevented Sealink for offering a service to the Islands for twelve months
British Channel Island Ferries
With only one ship the company required two additional vessels to run a full service to the Channel Islands. They chartered the Brittany Ferries freight ferry Briezh-Izel to run alongside the Corbière from Portsmouth and the Portelet to run a new service from Weymouth which was to last until 1 October 1988. The service from Portsmouth was maintained until the end of 1988 when BCIF moved to Poole which allowed the company to reduce crossing times to the Islands by up to two hours. Corbière was replaced by the Rozel on the new service in February 1989. The Rozel was the largest ship ever used on the Channel Island service and became a popular addition to the fleet. The Briezh-Izel was initially replaced by the Corbière running freight only until the arrival of the Havelet, formerly the Cornouailles, from Brittany Ferries' Truckline service. The Corbière then left the fleet for further service with Brittany Ferries on their Truckline passenger service between Poole and Cherbourg. The move to Poole and the introduction of the Rozel was a successful one for the company but growth in the freight market from the port was slow, this led to the establishment of a rival service from Portsmouth by Commodore Shipping and MMD. BCIF was also facing growing competition from air travel and Condor Ferries passenger-only services from Weymouth.
Downfall
In late summer 1991 it was announced that the company had not renewed the charter of the Rozel and that she would be replaced by the Reine Mathilde from Brittany Ferries which was renamed Beauport. This ship was smaller and not as popular with passengers as the Rozel and was one of the contributing factors to the downfall of the company. In 1993 Condor Ferries introduced a high speed catamaran service from Weymouth to the Channel Island for passengers and vehicles. This was to have a significant effect on BCIF who operated a reduced passenger service for that season and were involved in a price war with Condor. Passenger numbers fell significantly and the charter of the Beauport was not renewed at the end of 1993. The company planned that the Havelet would be their main passenger ship for the 1994 season with the Truckline vessel Purbeck being brought as freight ship. In January 1994 it was announced that British Channel Island Ferries had been bought by Commodore Shipping, freight services were transferred to Commodore Ferries at Portsmouth and passenger operations moved to Condor at Weymouth where the Havelet would run a conventional service alongside the Condor 10.
Fleet
Corbiere 1985-1989
Portelet 1987-1988
Briezh-Izel 1987-1989
Rozel 1989-1992
Havelet 1989-1994
Sylbe 1990-1993
Beauport 1992-1993
Purbeck 1994
Throughout its years of operation the company also chartered a number of Brittany Ferries vessels for use during refit periods. These included the Armorique, Coutances, Duchesse Anne and also the Reine Mathilde and Purbeck prior to them becoming part of the BCIF fleet in 1992 and 1994 respectively.
Routes
Portsmouth - Channel Islands 1986-1988
Weymouth - Channel Islands 1987-1988
Poole - Channel Islands 1989-1994
Former BCIF routes today
British Channel Island Ferries passenger services were taken over by Condor Ferries in 1994. The Havelet operated a conventional passenger service with the company until late 1996 when she was laid up. She would later re-enter service with Condor after reliability problems with the Condor Express and demands from Islanders for a reliable winter service. Havelet was eventually replaced by the Commodore Clipper which returned conventional Channel Island services to Portsmouth in 1999. The Purbeck spent a short time with Commodore Ferries before being chartered out to a variety of companies including Brittany Ferries on a number of occasions. She remained under the ownership of Channel Island Ferries until she was sold to Interisland Line in 2003 and later a South American company in early 2007 .
Condor Ferries established a fast ferry service from Poole in 1997 and now maintain a summer service to the Islands and St Malo from the port.
Corbière House, the Poole headquarters of the company until its demise still retains a BCIF style sign to this day, one of the few reminders of the companies' time at the port.
References
Defunct ferry companies of the United Kingdom
Defunct ferry companies of the Channel Islands
Ferry companies of England
Ferry companies of Jersey
Ferry companies of Guernsey
Connections across the English Channel
Transport companies established in 1984
Transport companies disestablished in 1994
1994 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
British companies established in 1984
Defunct companies of Jersey
Defunct companies of Guernsey
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西原雅一（），出生於日本沖繩縣伊良部町（現宮古島市），二戰前於沖繩縣擔任醫生，戰後成為宮古群島地區的政治家，先後擔任宮古支廳長、宮古群島政府知事及琉球政府立法院議員。
生平
1916年（大正5年）：畢業於熊本廣島醫學專門學校（現熊本大學）。畢業後返回宮古群島擔任醫生。
1935年：擔任伊良部村長。
1937年：擔任沖繩縣議會議員。
1946年：沖繩縣被美軍佔領，美軍在宮古群島設置宮古支廳，被美軍選派擔任支廳長。
1950年：當選宮古群島政府知事。
1952年：當選琉球政府立法院議員。
參考資料
琉球政府立法院議員
日本醫生
20世紀日本男性政治人物
熊本大學校友
沖繩縣市町村長
沖繩縣議會議員
日本男性議員
宮古島市出身人物
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The Berenson Madonna is a c.1432-1437 tempera and gold on panel painting by Domenico Veneziano, now in the Berenson collection at Villa I Tatti in Settignano. It was auctioned by the Panciatichi family and acquired by Berenson for his personal collection.
References
Web Gallery
Art in Tuscany
Paintings in the Berenson collection
1430s paintings
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人参养荣丸成分或处方？人参、白术(土炒)、茯苓、炙黄芪、当归、熟地黄、白芍(麸炒)、陈皮、远志(制)、肉桂、五味子(酒蒸)、炙甘草。
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外阴结节是怎么形成的？医学中外阴癌的主要症状是外阴结节，常伴有疼痛及瘙痒。多数患者先有长期外阴瘙痒，多年后局部出现丘疹、外阴结节或小溃疡，经久不愈，有些患者伴有外阴白斑。当肿瘤邻近或侵犯尿道时，可出现尿频、尿痛、排尿烧灼感和排尿困难。晚期者表现为溃疡或不规则的乳头状或菜花样肿块，病变部位常有脓血性分泌物。病灶还可扩大累及肛门、直肠和膀胱，一侧或双侧腹股沟可摸到质硬且固定不活动的肿大淋巴结。引起外阴癌最主要的是原发性鳞壮上皮癌。引起外阴癌的还有继发性的恶性肿瘤，外阴癌的常发处与阴道密切相关，比如阴道的大阴唇，还有就是阴道的小阴唇，阴道前庭及阴蒂等与阴道密切关联的部位。患有外阴癌的患者的阴道局部会出现结节或肿块的症状，而且这些结节，会逐渐增大、坏死、最后会破溃，再次感染阴道周围的部位，阴道的分泌物增多，患者就会有瘙痒疼痛感。肿物会迅速增大大，最后感染肛门、直肠和膀胱等器官，严重影响患者的身体健康。外阴癌主要依据临床症状及活体组织病理检查。对外阴的病变应作详细的观察，如发现经久不愈的溃疡，丘疹样疣，或白色病变经治疗效果不明显时，应采取活体组织检查。除极早期类似良性病变而难以确诊外，一般诊断均无困难，活检为惟一可靠的鉴别方法，在甲苯胺蓝染色后的不脱色区处取活检，可获得较准确的诊断结果，必要时还需多次、多处活检方能最后确诊。治疗以手术为主。但是，在前期会出现一些阴部的不适症，如外阴瘙痒性疼痛，有烧灼感，甚至出现慢性溃疡的时候，就要及时到医院进行检查。一般来说，这个发现的周期没有固定，主要还是看个人的饮食、生活习惯，可能会在15-25天之间就被发现。
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痘痘吃什么饮食好？痤疮在脸上的原因更复杂，因为它涉及激素水平，局部堵塞毛囊，局部炎症，包括普通的生活习惯。首先，最重要的是要清洁，因为青春期的油脂分泌比较旺盛，毛囊口会有很多皮脂。如果您不认真洗脸，或者您没有使用有效的清洁产品，它会积聚在其中并且皮脂会堆积起来。其中可能存在多种微生物寄生虫。寄生微生物会引起局部继发感染。从闭合的痤疮，黑头和白头开始，痤疮将逐渐发展成大的红色。炎症性痤疮，如果此时有过多的炎症反应和免疫紊乱，可能会出现一些大的结节性囊肿。因此，痘痘实际上与激素的基因水平相对较高，体内内分泌紊乱，月经不是很规律，加上现代人的一些不良习惯，喜欢吃辛辣，油腻，甜食，这些东西对于痘痘，它会有所帮助，而通常的运动，不合理的饮食，便秘和痔疮都会引起这些问题。如果是长痘痘，主要是看痘痘分布在哪里。如果是痤疮分布在胸部，背部或面部，它实际上是由痤疮引起的。这种痤疮的大部分原因是由于内分泌功能紊乱或昼夜，睡眠不足，毛囊皮脂腺闭塞，伴有痤疮丙酸杆菌感染或金黄色葡萄球菌感染。毛囊皮脂腺液的排出在被阻塞后逐渐浓缩，并出现白头粉刺。白头粉刺刺激皮肤周围的软组织，导致软组织发炎，痤疮是痤疮。富含膳食纤维的食物可以帮助肠道排毒，保持大便通畅，排除体内毒素，因为体内的毒素可以帮助粉刺。富含膳食纤维的食物包括：糙米和未成熟的米饭，以及玉米，小米，大麦，麦壳（米糯米）和小麦粉（黑面包材料）；此外，根茎类蔬菜和海藻含有更多的膳食纤维。如胡萝卜，青豆，红豆，豌豆，土豆和裙带菜。
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（学名：Halyomorpha）是蝽象科下的一个属。
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：
参考文献
C
C
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桑内·韦弗斯（，）生于弗里斯兰省吕伐登，是一名荷兰女子竞技体操运动员。她的双胞胎妹妹莉克·韦弗斯同样也是一名体操运动员，两人都是国家队成员，同时还共同参加过2016年里约奥运。在里约奥运期间，她力压两名美国选手羅莉·埃爾南德斯和西蒙·拜爾斯夺得女子平衡木项目金牌，这是荷兰历史上第二次在奥运女子体操项目上摘金。数日后，她被选为该届奥运荷兰队闭幕式旗手。
参考资料
荷兰运动员
荷蘭奧林匹克運動會金牌得主
2016年夏季奧林匹克運動會獎牌得主
2016年夏季奧林匹克運動會體操運動員
2020年夏季奧林匹克運動會體操運動員
奧林匹克運動會體操獎牌得主
世界竞技体操锦标赛奖牌得主
呂伐登人
雙胞胎運動員
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Anopsiostes is a genus of beetles in the family Hybosoridae, described as a genus in 1982. It has two species: Anopsiostes punctatus, which is restricted to Ecuador, and Anopsiostes pauliani, which was discovered in Mexico.
References
Scarabaeoidea genera
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请描述胃石症的鉴别诊断方法？慢性胃柿石患者，因病程较长，症状常与慢性胃炎、溃疡病或胃癌相似，但通过X 线钡剂造影或胃镜检查很容易与上述疾病相鉴别。
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阳圩镇，是下辖的一个乡镇级行政单位。
行政区划
阳圩镇下辖以下地区：
。
参考资料
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广州南方學院（）是位于中华人民共和国廣東省廣州市從化區的一所民办本科普通高等学校。
历史
2006年10月15日，中山大学南方学院成立，属本科层次普通高等学校（独立学院）。学院由中山大學和廣東珠江投資集團共同投资創辦，有来自台湾以及海外的优秀教师队伍，师资多元。
2016年，学校入選廣東省普通本科轉型試點高校。
2020年，7月21日，广东省教育厅发布公示，同意按程序由广东省人民政府向教育部申报将中山大学南方学院转设为“广东南方学院”；11月11日，教育部发展规划司发布《关于拟同意设置本科高等学校的公示》，拟定同意中山大学南方学院转设为广州南方学院；12月18日，经中华人民共和国教育部批准，中山大学南方学院脱离中山大学管理，由独立学院转设为民办普通高等学校，并更名广州南方学院，由广东珠江投资股份有限公司全资持有。
參考資料
外部連結
廣州南方學院官网
2006年建立的教育機構
2006年廣州建立
從化區建築物
已转设民办高校的原独立学院
2020年建立的教育機構
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图巴斯省是巴勒斯坦国约旦河西岸地区十一省之一，位于西岸地区北部。面积402平方公里，2007年人口50,267。首府图巴斯，人口11,771。
巴勒斯坦行政區劃
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卧龙镇，是下辖的一个乡镇级行政单位。
行政区划
卧龙镇下辖以下地区：
。
参考资料
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The Minister of State for Children was a junior ministerial post in the Departments of Health and Children, Justice and Law Reform and Education and Skills of the Government of Ireland. The Minister of State worked together with the various senior Ministers in these departments and had special responsibility for children's affairs.
The first Minister of State with responsibility for Children was appointed on 20 December 1994. There has not been a Minister of State with this responsibility since the creation of the full cabinet position of Minister for Children and Youth Affairs in March 2011.
List of office-holders 1994–2011
Notes
References
Children
Ministries established in 1994
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The 2022 North Dakota State Bison baseball team represented North Dakota State University during the 2022 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Bison played their home games at Newman Outdoor Field adjacent to NDSU's campus. The team was coached by Tyler Oakes in his 1st season as head coach at NDSU. Oakes had been associated with NDSU Baseball since December 2013. The Bison claimed their first Summit League Regular season title during the season, winning every conference series played.
The Bison entered the Summit League tournament as the No. 1 overall seed. They lost to Omaha to start the tournament, then beat South Dakota State to advance to the semifinals, before falling to Omaha yet again to be eliminated from the tournament. NDSU finished the season with a 31-19 record and a 17-5 record in the Summit League, the second of which is their best for the program since entering Division I.
Previous season
The Bison finished last season 42-19 and 20-11 in Summit League play. This led them to the Summit League tournament where they won; beating Omaha and Oral Roberts to advance to their second NCAA tournament berth since entering Division I. It was their first conference tournament title since 2014.
NDSU entered the NCAA tournament as the four seed in the Stanford Regional. The Bison lost to number 7 overall seed Stanford before winning their first NCAA Division I Tournament game against regional three seed Nevada. NDSU was eliminated from the tournament when they lost to number 17 overall seed UC Irvine.
Personnel
Roster
{| class="toccolours" style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;"
! colspan="9" style="" |2022 North Dakota State Roster
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| width="03" |
| valigh="top" |
Pitchers
16 - Nolan Johnson - Freshman
18 - Jake Drew - Senior
22 - Hayden Style - Sophomore
24 - Evan Sankey - Senior
25 - Riley Johnson - Senior
27 - Ben Smith - Junior
28 - Tyler Kliniske - Junior
30 - Reese Ligtenberg - Freshman
31 - Max Loven - Junior
32 - Andrew Baumgart - Freshman
35 - Leland Wilson - Freshman
37 - Jaxon Edwards - Freshman
38 - Shea Zetterman - Junior
40 - Tristen Roehrich - Junior
44 - Skyler Riedinger - Freshman
|width="15"|
|valign="top"|
Catchers
5 - Logan Williams - Senior
7 - Will Busch - Sophomore
15 - Bennett Freiter - Freshman
Infielders
2 - Peter Brookshaw - Junior
3 - Noah Dehne - Sophomore
9 - Garret Hill - Sophomore
12 - Drew Grindahl - Sophomore
13 - Druw Sackett - Junior
17 - Zach Kluvers - Freshman
26 - Carson Hake - Sophomore
|width="15"|
| valign="top" |
Outfielders
1 - Terrell Huggins - Junior
6 - Calen Schwabe - Senior
19 - Cadyn Schwabe - Sophomore
20 - Chase Nett - Sophomore
Utility
4 - Charley Hesse (INF/OF) - Senior
8 - Caden Edwards (P/INF) - Freshman
10 - Cade Feeney (P/INF) - Sophomore
11 - Brock Anderson (UTIL/P) - Junior
14 - Wyatt Nelson (P/OF) - Sophomore
33 - Hunter Koep (P/INF) - Senior
34 - Joey Danielson (P/C) - Junior
|width="25"|
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| colspan="4" style="font-size:8pt; text-align:center;"|''Reference:|}
Coaching staff
Schedule and results
Awards and honorsSummit League Coach of the Year HC Tyler OakesFirst Team All-Summit League OF Calen Schwabe
DH Logan WilliamsSecond Team All-Summit League C Will Busch
1B Brock Anderson
2B Druw Sackett
SS Peter Brookshaw
OF Jack Simonsen
P Evan Sankey
Reference:Summit League All-Tournament Team'''
P Cade Feeney
2B Druw Sackett
Reference:
References
North Dakota State
North Dakota State Bison baseball seasons
North Dakota State Bison baseball
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The NFL Top 100 Players of 2011 was the first season of the series. It ended with reigning NFL MVP Tom Brady being ranked #1, while Super Bowl MVP Aaron Rodgers was ranked #11.
Episode list
The list
References
National Football League trophies and awards
National Football League records and achievements
National Football League lists
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《上海风光》（）是一部於1941年上映的美国黑色电影，該影片由执导，珍·泰妮、沃尔特·休斯顿、维克多·迈彻和等人主演。該影片根据創作的同名百老匯劇院戲劇改编。該影片講述的是一位在中國的外國人故事。
因為該影片获得奥斯卡最佳艺术指导奖提名，而获得了奥斯卡最佳原创音乐奖提名。
参考文献
美國劇情片
舞台剧改编的美国电影
聯藝電影
賭博片
上海背景電影
黑色電影
1940年代美国黑白电影
1941年美國電影作品
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《無尾獸的目光》（）是朝鮮集中營幸存者、脫北者李順玉的著作，講述了她的獄中經歷。
李順玉原在家鄉咸鏡北道清津市擔任朝鮮勞動黨要職，後因誣告被逮捕，在-{价}-川集中營被關押長達5年之久。期間目睹了大量非人道惡行，她用“無尾獸”為題來比喻服刑者喪失基本的人的尊嚴。1996年該書在韓國出版，1999年英譯本在美國出版。
相關條目
《平壤水族館》
《我們最幸福》
參考資料
政治書籍
朝鮮民主主義人民共和國集中營
脫北者
朝鮮半島回憶錄
1996年書籍
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国研究
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Alonzo Earl Short Jr. (born January 27, 1939) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served as Director of the Defense Information Systems Agency.
Born in North Carolina, Short grew up in Portsmouth, Virginia and attended I. C. Norcom High School. He graduated from Virginia State College with a B.S. degree in education in 1962. Short later earned a master's degree in business management from the New York Institute of Technology.
Short was commissioned through the Army ROTC program. After several Army Signal Corps assignments, he served as executive officer of a signal battalion in Europe. Short was then sent to South Vietnam in 1967 and again in 1972.
As a brigadier general, Short served as commander of U.S. Army Information Systems Management Activity (ISMA) at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey. In July 1986, he became deputy commander of the U.S. Army Information Systems Engineering Command (ISEC) and then assumed command in September 1987. Promoted to major general in September 1988, Short was made deputy commander of the U.S. Army Information Systems Command.
Promoted to lieutenant general in June 1990, Short became the commanding officer of the Information Systems Command. After that, he served as director of the Defense Information Systems Agency from August 1991 to July 1994.
Short has been conferred honorary doctorates by Charles H. Mason University in San Diego and by his alma mater Virginia State University.
References
1939 births
Living people
People from Greenville, North Carolina
People from Portsmouth, Virginia
Virginia State University alumni
African-American United States Army personnel
United States Army personnel of the Vietnam War
New York Institute of Technology alumni
Recipients of the Meritorious Service Medal (United States)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Army generals
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal
21st-century African-American people
African Americans in the Vietnam War
20th-century African-American people
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四氟化硅（化学式：SiF4）是最常见的硅氟化物。无色气体，遇水发生水解生成氟硅酸，在潮湿空气中发烟。沸点仅高于熔点4 °C。首先由在1812年合成。
应用于微电子行业和有机合成中。 火山爆发时的烟雾中也含有大量的四氟化硅。
制备
大量的四氟化硅是工业上生产磷肥的副产物。氟磷灰石经硫酸处理后，会生成大量的氢氟酸；氢氟酸再与含硅矿石发生反应，生成挥发性的四氟化硅气体。
实验室制法是用氟硅酸与氯化钡反应沉淀出氟硅酸钡， 再加热氟硅酸钡至300 °C以上，使之分解生成四氟化硅和氟化钡。同族的四氟化锗也可通过这个方法制备，但需要更高的分解温度（700 °C）。
除此之外，四氟化硅还有很多其他制取方法，包括氟硅酸钠与硫酸反应，硅与氟单质化合，二氧化硅与浓氢氟酸或活泼氟化物反应（即毛玻璃的制作和刻画原理），以及赤热的硅与无水氟化氢反应等。将粗品通过灼热的玻璃毛，再在低温用冷肼收集，便可除去其中的氟化氢、水等杂质。
應用
用于氟硅酸及氟化铅的制取，也用作水泥和水磨石（人造大理石）的硬化剂，有机硅化合物的合成材料。
参见
其他四卤化硅：四氯化硅、四溴化硅、四碘化硅
参考资料
卤化硅
氟化物
硅-氟化合物
1810年代发现的物质
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香草兰的产地分布是什么?？原产墨西哥东南部至中美洲。我国福建、广东等省均有。
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萊爾斯丹控股有限公司（，），簡稱 le saunda，萊爾斯丹，前身為「利信達集團有限公司」。1977年由李子彬創立，主要生產及銷售鞋類及手袋產品，在1992年成功進軍中國地區，並且成為中國內地和香港消費者所熟悉和喜愛的鞋履時尚品牌。現任董事會主席為倪雅各，行政總裁鄭宏。
集團在1992年於香港交易所主板上市。主要品牌有「le saunda」、「LINEA ROSA」、「CNE」和「PITTI DONNA」，在中國內地、香港、澳門等地店舖已達650間。總部位於香港鰂魚涌英皇道1063號。
參考
2018 年報
連結
lesaunda.com.hk
eshop.lesaunda.com.hk
香港上市工業公司
香港製造公司
中国鞋业公司
1977年成立的公司
1992年首次公開募股
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Sir Arthur Strettell Comyns Carr (19 September 1882 – 20 April 1965) was a British Liberal politician and lawyer.
Family and education
Comyns Carr was the son of J. Comyns Carr, a dramatist and art critic. His mother, Alice Comyns Carr (1850–1927), was a costume designer for the theatre. He was born in Marylebone and educated at Winchester College and Trinity College, Oxford.
In 1907, he married Cicely Raikes Bromage, the daughter of a clergyman. They had three sons including Richard Strettell Comyns Carr, the second husband of the avant garde English novelist Barbara Comyns Carr.
Career
In 1908, Comyns Carr was called to the Bar at Gray's Inn. He became a King's Counsel in 1924, a Bencher of the Inn in 1938, and, eventually, Treasurer in 1951. Comyns Carr's reputation as a barrister was confirmed in a libel action brought by Horatio Bottomley against an associate named Reuben Bigland.
Carr's cross-examination of Bottomley and another key witness destroyed his case and was instrumental in Bottomley's eventual imprisonment on charges of fraud and his expulsion from the House of Commons.
Comyns Carr later began to specialize in the law relating to local taxation and as a result of appearing in landmark rating appeals he was engaged as counsel to government departments. He also became an expert in the subject of national insurance. Much later Comyns Carr was a prosecutor in trials of German and Japanese war criminals, including serving as senior prosecutor at the trial of Erich von Manstein in 1949, and he was knighted for this work in 1949.
War service
At the outbreak of the First World War Comyns Carr he joined the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve and later served on the staff at the Ministry of Munitions. He also acted as an adviser to the Ministry of Reconstruction. In the last months of the war he joined the army as a private soldier but did not serve overseas.
Politics
Comyns Carr's expertise in National Insurance led him to co-author a book on the subject in 1912 to which David Lloyd George wrote the preface. He was a member of the Liberal land inquiry committee of 1912 and also sat on the land acquisition committee in 1917.
His ambition to become a Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) led Comyns Carr to stand for Parliament on eleven occasions in all. He first stood for election in 1918 in St Pancras South West against a Conservative opponent who had received the Coalition Coupon and fought the same seat again in 1922.
At the 1923 general election Comyns Carr had his only success, becoming Liberal MP for Islington East turning a Unionist majority of nearly 4,000 into a Liberal majority of 1,632 but he lost the seat at the general election of 1924 like many other Liberals swept away as British politics seemed to be reverting to its traditional two party model. In 1928, he was Liberal candidate at the by-election for the constituency of Ilford and fought the seat again in the general election of the following year.
In 1930, Comyns Carr published an influential and controversial booklet, Escape from the Dole, which gained him significant public attention. In it he queried the policy of spending large sums of money supporting the unemployed when the government could be investing in providing work for them. He then challenged Winston Churchill in his constituency at Epping in the 1931 general election and in 1935 he suffered his heaviest defeat ever at Nottingham East.
In June 1936, he was elected to serve on the Liberal Party Council. He stood again in 1945 when he lost at Shrewsbury. In October 1945, he was a candidate at another by-election, this time in the City of London.
Other public appointments
In later life Comyns Carr served as chairman of the Foreign Compensation Commission (1950–1958) and was a president of the Institute of Industrial Administration and of the Association of Approved Societies. He was also President of the Liberal Party in 1958–59. Comyns-Carr was also one of the British prosecutors at the Tokyo Trials.
Death
He died in Hampstead on 20 April 1965, aged 82. A memorial service was held for him in the chapel of Gray's Inn on 24 May 1965.
Ancestry
References
External links
1882 births
1965 deaths
Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1923–1924
British Army personnel of World War I
Presidents of the Liberal Party (UK)
Members of Gray's Inn
Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford
People educated at Winchester College
Prosecutors of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East
Knights Bachelor
20th-century King's Counsel
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2086年12月6日日食为一次在协调世界时2086年12月6日出現的一次日偏食。該次日食食分為0.9271。
概述
這次日食的食分是0.9271。
基本參數
類型：日偏食
食最大地點資料：
日期：2086年12月6日
時間：5時38分55秒
地點：67N 96E
食分：0.9271
資料來源
參見
日食
外部連結
NASA未來日食資料
2080年代日食
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Sialum Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Wards
01. Gitua
02. Kumukio
03. Sialum (Sialum language speakers)
04. Gitukia
05. Kukuya
06. Kangkeu
07. Rua
08. Nungen (including the village of Nunzen)
09. Kanome
10. Ririwo
11. Karako
12. Zankoa
13. Wandokai
14. Walingai
15. Rebafu
16. Zange Fifi
17. Zuzumau
18. Masa
19. Kingarenau
20. Siwea
References
Local-level governments of Morobe Province
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维克托·桑切斯，全名维克托·桑切斯·德尔·阿莫（Víctor Sánchez del Amo，） ，通常也简称为维克托（Víctor），是一名退役的前西班牙足球运动员，前西班牙国脚。
职业生涯
皇家马德里
维克托1976年2月23日生于西班牙首都马德里。他于孩提时代加入皇家马德里队的青训系统，并由此成长为职业球员。
1995-1996赛季西甲最后一轮，维克托第一次代表皇马出场，是役他的球队客场1:0战胜了皇家萨拉戈萨。
桑坦德竞技
维克托在母队的起步不错，但在巨星云集的皇家马德里，他始终没能找到自己的位置。与许多从皇家马德里走出的青年才俊一样，他最终只能选择离开。1998年夏，维克托离开马德里，来到西班牙北部的桑坦德，加盟了桑坦德竞技队。 在桑坦德的一个赛季，维克托在35场联赛里奉献12个进球，以自己的表现赢得了当时雄心壮志的西甲劲旅拉科鲁尼亚的关注。
拉科鲁尼亚
在桑坦德仅仅一年时间，维克托再次转会，加盟拉科鲁尼亚，由此也展开了自己职业生涯的巅峰期。来到拉科的第一个赛季，身为右边锋的维克托便立刻以主力球员身份，同球队一起赢得了俱乐部历史上第一座西甲冠军奖杯。随后，又相继赢得了西班牙国王杯和西班牙超级杯，同时球队在欧洲顶级赛事欧洲冠军杯的比赛上，也有出色发挥。球队连续五次参赛，并且在2003-2004赛季完成逆转击败AC米兰打入半决赛，最终一球惜败于最终夺得当年冠军的葡萄牙球队-{zh-hans:波尔图;zh-hk:波圖;}-。在拉科的出色表现，也使得维克托获得为国出战的机会，他在2000-2004年间为西班牙现役国脚，共有8次出场记录。
值得一提的是在2003-2004赛季的联赛中，维克托还在西甲联赛中完成了他在拉科时期唯一一个帽子戏法， 帮助球队在一场加利西亚德比大战中击败了塞尔塔。
2005-2006赛季，拉科鲁尼亚仅列西甲第八，维克托也因新近受伤，未能得到一份新合同。
职业末期
在留下210次联赛出场，打进30球的记录后，2006年夏，维克托离开球队，加盟希腊联赛球队帕纳辛奈科斯，——甚至在希腊的一年，他只能在联赛里获得12次出场机会，没有进球。
教练生涯
2008年夏，维克托正式退役。2010年，维克托得到了他作为教练员身份的第一份工作，在-{zh-hans:赫塔费;zh-hk:基達菲;}-出任助理教练，辅佐米歇尔。
2015年4月10日，维克托接替被解雇的-{zh-hans:维克托·费尔南德斯;zh-hk:域陀·费南迪斯;}-，正式成为拉科鲁尼亚队主教练。
荣誉
俱乐部
皇家马德里
欧洲冠军杯: 1997–98
西班牙足球甲级联赛: 1996–97
西班牙超级杯:
拉科鲁尼亚
西班牙足球甲级联赛: 1999–2000
西班牙国王杯:
西班牙超级杯: ,
国家队
西班牙U21
欧洲U21青年锦标赛:
参考文献
外部链接
BDFutbol profile
National team data
Deportivo archives
西班牙足球运动员
拉科鲁尼亚球员
皇家馬德里B隊球員
皇家馬德里C隊球員
皇家馬德里球員
桑坦德競賽球員
艾爾切球員
希超球員
帕納辛奈科斯球員
西班牙國家足球隊球員
西班牙足球主教練
西甲主教練
拉科魯尼亞主教練
皇家貝迪斯主教練
希超主教練
奧林比亞高斯主教練
歐洲聯賽冠軍盃冠軍隊球員
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The Republic of Noli (; ) was an Italian maritime republic that was centred on the city of Noli, in Liguria, and existed from 1192 to 1797. The area is now in the province of Savona, Italy. To protect itself from possible attacks and invasions by Savona and Marquisate of Finale, Noli allied in 1202 with the Republic of Genoa in a sort of protectorate, in fact, documents of the time show that the relationship was equal and not one of submission. The alliance allowed the Republic of Noli to have such growing importance that in 1239, a diocese was established there by Pope Gregory IX.
History
Noli was founded in 1192. After 10 years of existence, the small maritime republic allied itself with the larger and more powerful neighbouring Genoese Republic, which gave Noli the status of a Genoese protectorate until its dissolution in 1797. Throughout its history Noli was ruled by a Podestà. It survived for 605 years before it was annexed by Napoleon in 1797.
Economy
Despite its small size, Noli's good shipyard and harbour allowed them to become a commercial power. They had good trade relations with Genoa, as they only had to pay one penny to be allowed to trade in Genoa, whereas the Spanish had to pay 60 pennies to be allowed to trade.
Military
Noli's efficient shipyard allowed them to become somewhat of a naval power, despite its small size. The alliance with Genoa afforded it much protection, especially as Genoa used Noli's port to shelter their ships.
It is known that during a conflict with Savona, Noli sacked the town of Spotorno, which was owned by them, in 1227.
Foreign relations
In 1202, Noli was threatened by the County of Savona. In response, Noli formed a confederation with the powerful Republic of Genoa. Noli kept this alliance until they were dissolved in 1797.
Flag
The flag of Noli was first created in the 13th century, with a white cross and a red background, the exact opposite of Genoa's flag. Many of the merchant ships of Noli chose to fly under the Genoese flag, as it commanded much more respect.
Religion
In 1239, the Pope appointed a bishop to Noli.
References
Sources
Links
Maritime republics
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腹膜后脂肪瘤的西医治疗？对于多发者(有的患者可达百余个)，也只能先选择影响大的、较疼痛的进行切除。尚无法根治。近年来，有的采用吸脂术，在皮肤上作小切口，插入吸管，去除较大脂肪瘤或局部脂肪过多症，不留显著瘢痕。当然，这也是局部治疗。(一)治疗主要是手术治疗。凡有临床症状或不能排除恶性病变存在时，均应手术切除。(二)预后本病预后良好，极少有恶变者，且完整切除后可痊愈，部分切除亦可长期生存。也有认为巨大或多发性腹膜后脂肪瘤如切除不彻底，仍有复发的可能。
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The Grand Rapids and Reeds Lake Railway Company was organized in 1872 as a horsecar tramway company. Initially, the streetcar was to run down Sherman Street south of Wealthy Street in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Property owners along Wealthy Street raised $17,000 in subscriptions as an inducement and donated it to the Grand Rapids and Reeds Lake Railway. This contribution paid the cost of construction of the streetcar tracks along Wealthy Street, with the railway company agreeing to operate and maintain the line. This line began downtown, running from Fulton Street to LaGrave Avenue then along Wealthy Street to Reeds Lake and Ramona Park, providing general access the entire length of the route for a ten cent fare.
On March 23, 1875, the city of Grand Rapids authorized the use of some of its streets for the tramway and service began that year. In 1877, the company replaced horses with a ten-ton steam locomotive capable of pulling three cars.
In 1883, the company merged with the city's three other streetcar companies to form the Street Railway Company of Grand Rapids.
References
1875 establishments in Michigan
Michigan railroads
Companies based in Grand Rapids, Michigan
Transportation in Grand Rapids, Michigan
Streetcars in Michigan
East Grand Rapids, Michigan
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少鱗屬（學名：）為日鲈目鱖科的一個屬。
分布
本屬魚類分布於东亚的河流水系之中，包括中国、朝鲜半岛、日本及越南等。
栖息
本屬为温带、亚热带或熱帶的上底棲淡水鱼。
分類
本屬过去被歸類于真鲈科，但遺傳分子學对其细胞核基因座的研究显示本属和姐妹群鱖屬可組成單系群，並且會是姥鲈科的姐妹群，因而也被划分为独立的鳜科。
內部分類
本屬已知共有5個現生種，如下：
朝鮮少鱗鱖 Coreoperca herzi
川目少鱗鱖 Coreoperca kawamebari
劉氏少鱗鱖 Coreoperca liui
灕江少鱗鱖 Coreoperca loona
中國少鱗鱖 Coreoperca whiteheadi：又稱石鱖。
生態
屬於小型或中型之温带或亚熱帶肉食性魚類，棲息在河流近底部，以底棲的小鱼等為主食。
經濟利用
小至中型食用魚。
参考文献
外部連結
1896年描述的分類群
所罗门·赫泽斯坦命名的生物分类
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The European Championships of Ski Mountaineering were the European championships for national ski mountaineering teams from 1992 to 2009. They were held biannually and were separated into men's and women's competitions.
The first championships were sanctioned by the Comité International du Ski-Alpinisme de Compétition (CISAC). After the CISAC was merged with the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions (ISMC) of the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA), the competitions are held biannually by the ISCM. Since 2008, when the ISMC merged into the International Ski Mountaineering Federation (ISMF) the championships have been sanctioned by the ISMF. The original 9th edition, in 2009 decided to be held in Claut, Italy, in the end was held as the 6th edition of the World Championships.
European championships since 1999
IV 2001 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering:
Team races "Seniors": January 27, 2001, Miage-Contamines-Somfy, France
Individual races: March 4, 2001, Jaca, Spain
Team races "Juniors" and "Espoirs": April 1, 2001, Adamello, Italy
V 2003 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, March 28, 2003 to March 30, Tatra Mountains, Slovakia
VI 2005 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, March 1, 2005 to March 5, 2005, Andorra
VII 2007 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, March 24, 2007, to March 28, 2007, Avoriaz, Morzine, France
VIII 2009 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, February 19, 2009 to February 24, 2009, Alpago, Tambre, Italy
IX 2012 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, February 4, 2012 to February 10, 2012, Pelvoux, Massif des Écrins, France
X 2014 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, February 14, 2014 to February 16, 2014, Arinsal-Arcalís, Vallnord, Andorra''
XI 2016 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, February 5, 2016 to February 7, 2016, Salvan/Les Marécottes, Switzerland
XII 2018 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering, February 22, 2018 to February 25, 2018, Nicolosi, Italy
References
Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering competitions
Skiing competitions in Europe
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The Starting a Business Index is a sub-index of the World Bank Ease of Doing Business Index.
Authors of the methodology
This methodology was developed by Simeon Djankov, Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-De-Silanes and Andrei Shleifer in a paper, "The Regulation of Entry".
Djankov is the creator of the annual Doing Business report, once a publication of the World Bank Group. The report was discontinued in 2021.
Ranking
Ranking of all nations from 2010 report
The 2019 ranking has New Zealand at the top again.
See also
Barriers to entry
Commercial law
References
World Bank
Business law
Economic indicators
International rankings
cs:Index snadnosti podnikání
id:Indeks Kemudahan Berbisnis
pl:Ease of Doing Business Index
vi:Chỉ số thuận lợi kinh doanh
zh:各国经商容易度列表
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洛东站，位于中华人民共和国广西壮族自治区河池市宜州区洛东乡，是黔桂铁路上的火车站，建于1940年，由南宁铁路局管辖。
車站周邊
猫山
歷史
建于1940年。
參考資料
外部連結
中国铁路客户服务中心
L
宜州区
中国铁路南宁局集团车站
1940年启用的铁路车站
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老年腰椎骨质增生怎么办？腰椎骨质增生，特别是老年腰椎骨质增生，是发病率较高的疾病。近些年来这种疾病发病率呈遂年上升趋势，其主要集中在中老年人群中，男性一般多于女性，重体力劳动者和体育运动员等人群发病率较高。这些人共同的特点是运动和劳动多，关节磨损严重，使关节产生骨变。我们知道，引起老年腰椎骨质增生的原因有很多。常见的比如神经受压，出现局部疼痛和麻木等。如压迫坐骨神经，则可引起坐骨神经炎。其实一部分骨质增生产生的原因在于长期劳累引起的，中老年人在年轻的时候做了许多的事情，所以到了晚年时体质多多少少变弱了，随之疾病就产生了，所以在步入老年期的时候，我们就应该注意预防疾病。老年人腰椎骨质增生应以预防为主，治疗为辅，我们平时要做到下面几点。(1)健身运动。腰椎骨质增生的预防主要是长期坚持各种健身运动，这对防止中老年骨质增生症是十分有好处的。可选择的运动方式有很多，包括散步和健身操等。(2)保健按摩。按摩是一种保健性的自我按摩运动，可采用坐位或站位，用双手掌及各指自上而下在腰部进行按摩，力量由轻而重直至局部，再用双手推拿腰部2~3分钟。以促进腰部的血液循环，缓解肌肉的僵硬和紧张。(3)保持良好的站立姿势和坐位。站立时正确的姿势应该是：双膝关节微屈，臀大肌轻度收缩，自然收缩腹肌，腰椎轻度变直减少腰骶角，增加脊柱支撑力，预防腰椎间盘的损伤。(4)减少腰部受伤和受潮。（5）避免长期剧烈运动。老年人得了腰椎骨质增生后，平时在饮食上，应该多吃一些含钙量最高的食物。比如说牛奶，奶制品。虾皮海带，豆制品等。在生活上，第一要注意腰间的保暖，平时最好睡硬板床，不要做弯腰用力的动作。
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Woman Talk is a live album by jazz vocalist Carmen McRae featuring tracks recorded at the Village Gate in New York in November 1965 and originally released on the Mainstream label the following year. The second half of the concert came out in 1968 as "Live" & Wailing. The whole recording was compiled on a double LP in 1973 under the title Alive!.
Reception
Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars and states "All in all, a very satisfying set from a singer who may not be quite up to the level of Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald, and Sarah Vaughan, but who is certainly close enough to be numbered among the vocal jazz elite".
Track listing
"Sometimes I'm Happy" (Vincent Youmans, Irving Caesar, Clifford Grey) - 3:27
"Don't Explain" (Arthur Herzog, Jr., Billie Holiday) - 4:15
"Woman Talk" (John Scott, Caryl Brahms) - 4:51
"Kick Off Your Shoes" (Cy Coleman, Murray Grand) - 2:16
"The Shadow of Your Smile" (Johnny Mandel, Paul Francis Webster) - 3:53
"The Sweetest Sounds" (Richard Rodgers) - 2:03
"Where Would You Be Without Me?" (Anthony Newley, Leslie Bricusse) - 2:34
"Feeling Good" (Newley, Bricusse) - 4:33
"Run, Run, Run" (Russ Freeman, J. Reisner) - 2:30
"No More" (Tutti Camarata, Bob Russell) - 3:19
"Look at That Face" (Bricusse, Newley) - 5:02
"I Wish I Were in Love Again" (Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) - 1:33
Personnel
Carmen McRae - vocal
Ray Beckenstein - flute
Norman Simmons - piano
Jo Puma - guitar
Paul Breslin - double bass
Frank Severino - drums
Jose Mangual - bongos
References
1966 live albums
Carmen McRae live albums
Mainstream Records live albums
Albums recorded at the Village Gate
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Reginald George Wilson (1888–1959) was an English professional golfer. He had some success both before and after World War I.
Wilson twice finished in the top-10 in the Open Championship, finishing tied for 7th place in 1912 and in 6th place in 1914. He played for England against Scotland in 1913, winning both his matches.
Wilson enjoyed considerable success in the News of the World Match Play. He reached the semi-final stage in both 1912 and 1913. In 1912 he lost 7&5 to Harry Vardon, while in 1913 he lost 4&3 to George Duncan. Wilson won the tournament in 1923 at Walton Heath Golf Club beating Thomas Renouf 4&2 in the final and winning the first prize of £200. He reached the semi-final for the fourth time in 1926, losing to 58-year-old Sandy Herd by 1 hole.
Wilson was originally at Berkhamsted Golf Club but moved to Croham Hurst Golf Club in 1913 where he stayed until at least 1939.
His son Reginald William George Wilson (1908–1993) was also a professional golfer and played in the 1929 and 1933 Open Championships.
Professional wins
1923 News of the World Match Play
Results in major championships
Note: Wilson only played in The Open Championship.
NT = No tournament
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
Team appearances
England–Scotland Professional Match (representing England): 1913 (winners)
References
English male golfers
People from Bushey
1888 births
1959 deaths
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婴儿湿疹和热疹的区别？婴儿热疹是因为婴儿汗腺功能没有发育完全，调节功能不全，当周围环境温度过高时，引起热疹。湿疹是由于多种内外因素造成的一种皮肤病。下面分别介绍一下湿疹和热疹和怎样区分。婴儿热疹是周围温度过高时，皮肤上长的一种红色的皮疹，但是当温度降下来后，也会消失，一般会出现在婴儿的脸部、颈部、肩部、肘窝、腋窝等部位，一般症状有：红疹、丘孢疹、渗出严重的话会有糜烂、结痂。出生2-3月的婴儿经常会发生湿疹，大多是在面颊、额部、眉间和头部等部位，严重时身体四肢也有。初期为红斑，以后变化成小点状丘疹、疱疹，很痒，容易破损，严重时会渗出液流出，干后形成痂皮。皮损常常对称性分布。湿疹可分为为干燥型和脂溢型，在小丘疹上有少量灰白色糠皮带脱屑，比较干燥的属于干燥型。在小斑丘疹上渗出淡黄色脂性液体，然后会结成痂皮，常在头顶、鼻子旁、耳朵后面比较多见，但是不太痒，这是属于脂溢型。湿疹与过敏也有关系，接触含有过敏源的物品，譬如吃牛奶、鸡蛋，穿化纤衣服，都会引起湿疹。还有一点很重要的是，婴儿们都不会翻身，一般都是固定的睡姿，所以宝爸宝妈们，也要注意给宝宝们翻身，然后保持室内的温度不要太高，干燥，空气的流通。由此可看出，热疹和湿疹是很容易区分开来的，热疹是因为外界温度过高产生，呈红色的皮疹，温度降下来，红疹也会慢慢减少直至消失。湿疹的话，内外因素都比较多，常见的可能是由于过敏而长，而且比较严重的话会有破皮流脓显现产生。会有白色脱屑或者流脓结痂。这是很好区分出来的。所以，要特别注意婴幼儿的身体清洁与保湿。
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John Sutherland (August 21, 1821 – April 27, 1899) was a Canadian farmer and politician from Manitoba.
Biography
Sutherland was born in Point Douglas in what was then the Red River Colony, and was educated at St. John's College, Following the flood of 1852, he moved to East Kildonan where he operated a general store and farmed. Later in life, Sutherland helped found Manitoba College.
Political career
In 1866, Sutherland was appointed to the Council of Assiniboia which had been created by the Hudson's Bay Company to govern the territory until it was dissolved in 1870.
During the Red River Rebellion, Sutherland was a leader of the "loyalists" and was a delegate to the Convention of Forty in 1870. In February 1870, the Provisional Government of the Red River Colony appointed Sutherland Collector of Customs. When Manitoba entered Canadian Confederation on July 15, 1870, Sutherland was appointed the first High Sheriff of Manitoba and held the office until December 1871, when he was appointed to the Senate of Canada by Sir John A. Macdonald. He sat on the Senate as an Independent Conservative until his death in 1899.
References
External links
Manitoba Historical Society biography
1821 births
1899 deaths
People of the Red River Rebellion
Canadian senators from Manitoba
Independent Canadian senators
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白鸟号可以指：
白鸟号卫星，日本于1979年发射的天文观测卫星。
白鳥號列車，大阪站–青森站、直江津站–上野站之間運行的「白鳥」特急列車。
超級白鳥號列車，新青森站–函館站之間運行的「超級白鳥」及「白鳥」特急列車。
津輕號列車，秋田站–青森站–鮫站運行的「白鳥」列車。
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Scopula dohertyi is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in southern Sulawesi.
References
Moths described in 1897
dohertyi
Moths of Indonesia
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Louis William Bergesch (June 17, 1921 – May 10, 2011) was an American Major League Baseball executive. Beginning as a minor league manager and scouting director in the St. Louis Cardinals organization, he would serve in a variety of management and front office roles over a career spanning almost five decades, except for a brief period spent as president of one of the first professional soccer league teams to be established in the United States, the New York Generals. Returning to baseball however, Bergesch would ultimately serve as a senior front office executive or general manager for several major league teams, including most prominently, the Cincinnati Reds and the New York Yankees.
Early life
Source:
He was a native of St. Louis, Missouri. He attended Washington University in St. Louis prior to Pearl Harbor, but joined the U.S. Army in 1942. He served in the First Special Service Force, a unit trained for specialized assault and mountain combat, and a precursor to the U.S. Army Green Berets. He obtained the non-commissioned rank of Platoon Sergeant, and served in combat in North Africa, Sicily, and Italy. In North Africa, he landed as part of the Operation Torch landings, and received his first Purple Heart. Later, he landed at Salerno, as part of Operation Avalanche. He was again wounded, this time seriously, during the disastrous attempted crossing of the Gari (river) known as the Battle of Rapido River in January, 1944, that battle occurring in the opening stages of the larger, simultaneous Battle of Monte Cassino, which continued until May. Bergesch received a second Purple Heart. He was, however, paralyzed on the right side of his body for a substantial period of time.
He was returned to the U.S. and was discharged from service 15 June 1944. He then returned to Washington University, where he graduated in 1946, with a bachelor’s degree in business administration. Bergesch was admitted to and briefly attended Washington University School of Law, but withdrew after less than one full academic year, in order to pursue other opportunities in professional baseball management.
In his career at Washington University, both before and after World War II, he played varsity football, basketball, and track. Attempting to return to playing football post-war, Bergesch made the team, but due to his injury was unable to complete the season, re-injuring his shoulder in the fourth game of the season playing against Ohio State University. Similarly, although also attempting to return to playing basketball after the war, he found he was unable to raise his right arm to shoot. Bergesch taught himself to play left-handed, made the team and continued to play, and was named team captain in his senior year. He married Virginia Kammerer, another graduate of Washington University and St. Louis native, in 1947.
Baseball career
In 1947, Bergesch joined the St. Louis Cardinals organization. He was sent to Albany, Georgia to serve as general manager of a local franchise team owned by the Cardinals. For the next decade, he served in similar roles with other St. Louis Cardinal minor league teams, including the Omaha Cardinals, one of two AAA teams in the Cardinals minor league system. While at Omaha, Bergesch signed future Hall of Fame pitcher Bob Gibson, from Creighton University
Bergesch was called to the St Louis head office in 1960. In 1961 he joined the joining the Kansas City Athletics, which had recently been purchased by Charles O. Finley, as assistant general manager to Frank Lane. In 1962 Bergesch joined the New York Mets prior to their first season, as assistant general manager and director of minor league operations; where he was largely responsible for building a farm system for the new team.
First tenure with the Yankees
In 1964, Bergesch joined the New York Yankees as Stadium Manager. Prior to the beginning of the season, the Yankees' Traveling Secretary Bruce Henry was stricken with a serious illness; as a result, Bergesch was given the additional responsibilities until Henry's return late in the season. He remained with the Yankees during the CBS era through 1968.
Professional soccer
He became President of the New York Generals, the New York franchise of the first professional soccer league in the US, in 1968. The soccer league played for two seasons, then was disbanded in favor of the North American Soccer League (NASL). Bergesch at this point moved to the New York Cosmos soccer team where his greatest accomplishment was to be the successful signing of Brazilian soccer legend Pelé out of semi-retirement to play in America for the New York Cosmos.
Second tenure with the Yankees
Bergesch rejoined the Yankees in 1977 as director of scouting. He was promoted to vice president of baseball operations – and served in actuality as general manager in 1983, although he formally retained the previous title. Bergesch received 1977 and 1978 World Series rings from this period of engagement with the Yankees.
Cincinnati Reds
He left the Yankees in 1984, moving to Cincinnati as executive vice president and general manager of the Cincinnati Reds. In 1984 the Reds finished 5th in the NL west, but finished 2nd in 1985, 1986, and 1987. During his tenure, Pete Rose was the field Manager, but was also a listed as a player on the Reds roster through the 1986 season, when he set the all-time MLB record for base hits. Bergesch attempted to build the team around a core of highly regarded young players, in addition to veterans like Dave Parker and Terry Francona. However, he was unable to capitalize on an excess of young and highly touted position players including Kurt Stillwell, Tracy Jones, and Kal Daniels by trading them for pitching. Despite the emergence of Tom Browning as Rookie of the Year in 1985, winning 20 games, the rotation was devastated by the early demise of Mario Soto's career to arm injury. Bergesch was fired just prior to Spring training in 1988.
Final tenure with the Yankees
Bergesch rejoined the Yankees in 1991, first on a consulting basis, and then more formally, although his responsibilities were only loosely defined. Bill Madden in his book "Steinbrenner" depicts Bergesch as having a backroom advisory presence during this period, which set the stage for the Yankees' periods of dominance later in the decade. Bergesch received a third World Series ring for the 1996 season, and formally retired in early 1997.
Later life
Bergesch continued to attend Yankees Spring Training in Tampa, Florida, through the year 2008. After the death of his wife Virginia in 2006, he moved to a retirement community in Stamford, Connecticut. Bergesch died on May 10, 2011, approximately a month before his 90th birthday.
References
External links
Baseball America.com page
1921 births
2011 deaths
Cincinnati Reds executives
Kansas City Athletics personnel
Major League Baseball executives
Major League Baseball general managers
New York Mets executives
New York Yankees executives
Washington University School of Law alumni
Olin Business School (Washington University) alumni
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濱海高速公路（MCE），新加坡高速公路系統中的第10條道路
濱海高速公路（Embarcadero Freeway或Embarcadero Highway），美國480號加州州道的部分路段
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Bahar is an offshore petroleum reservoir in the Caspian Sea, located southeast of Baku, Azerbaijan.
The field was discovered in 1968 and was first developed in 1969. Prior to 2010, it produced approximately 16.8 million tonnes of oil and 128.7 billion cubic meters of gas. There had been up to 93 wells operating in the field during the peak of production; the number has since decreased to 16.
Production sharing agreement
On December 22, 2009, the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic and the Emirati company Bahar Energy Ltd signed a production sharing agreement for exploration, rehabilitation and development of Bahar and Gum Deniz fields. The agreement, which was reached by the President of SOCAR, Rovnag Abdullayev and General Director of Bahar Energy Ltd, Richard McDougall, is projected to last 25 years with the possibility of extension for five additional years.
This was the 28th agreement SOCAR signed with a foreign investor on the basis of production sharing. Rovnag Abdullayev stated that SOCAR is planning to increase the overall gas production of Azerbaijan to 1 trillion cm.
According to the agreement, within the next 3 years, Bahar Energy Ltd will drill one exploration well. The first stage of the project includes drilling of 50 wells. In addition to that, all existing wells will be rehabilitated for production. It is estimated that the first stage of the project will bring nearly $2.5 billion of income to SOCAR. The second stage of the project consists of exploration of the Bahar-2 structure within the Bahar field.
According to the agreement, SOCAR will receive a bonus of $2 million when the project program is confirmed, $1 million for every 100 million barrels produced, $5 million when commercial production starts, and $2 million after increasing production capacity to 1.5 times the 2008 production indicators, as planned. In 2008, the field produced 54-55,000 tonnes of oil and 195 million cm of gas. Bahar Energy Ltd owns 80% of the stake, while SOCAR owns 20%. Previous forecasts indicated that in five years, gas and condensate production in Bahar field would decrease by 15% and 10%, respectively, which led to the idea of attracting foreign investment for stabilization of production. It is expected that Bahar Energy Ltd will invest nearly $1 billion in the project.
Reservoir
It is estimated that Bahar field holds 2.7 million tonnes of oil and between 18.4 and 25 billion cubic meters of gas reserves. It contains oil and gas condensate in sandstone and sandy siltstone of the Pliocene Productive Series. The reservoir rocks have porosities of 13-18% and permeabilities of 45-250 mD. Biomarker geochemical analyses of onshore and offshore fields indicate that the Pliocene oil and gas fields in South Caspian Basin had been mainly charged from epigenetic hydrocarbons.
See also
Gum Deniz oilfield
Azeri–Chirag–Gunashli
Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline
Sangachal Terminal
Baku–Supsa Pipeline
Nabucco pipeline
Mozdok–Makhachkala–Kazi Magomed pipeline
References
Oil fields of Azerbaijan
Oil fields of the Soviet Union
Caspian Sea
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哪些职业易患白癜风？世界上任何地区、种族的人群均可患白癜风病，一般说，职业之间白癜风的发病率没有太明显的差异。但如前所述，某些化学物质对黑色素细胞有选择性的破坏作用，可导致皮肤脱色。我们就见到不少医院化验人员手上不慎滴溅上双氧水，液氮而使皮肤脱色，成为永久性白斑。因此，工作在化工厂、皮革制造业、橡胶厂及接触化学试剂的人员工作中应做好自身防护
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口臭怎样处理？口臭这事儿太普遍了，有研究表明，口臭成为除了龋病和牙周病以外临床主诉最多的疾病。这都不用看研究结果，你去闻闻周围的人就能抢答了。咋办呢？不少人的第一反应就是嚼两粒口香糖呗，口气清新，自然亲近。口气不清新，嚼嚼口香糖就够了吗？得先弄清口臭的原因首先，臭从口出，90%的口臭都是源于口腔问题。口臭是多种口腔病共有的一种症状，它是由于细菌作用于组织或血液，组织腐败坏死，放出代谢产物硫化氢（臭鸡蛋味）、吲哚（粪臭味）等所致。嚼口香糖吧，对于临时性解决口臭效果还是比较明显的，但如果你的口臭问题并不是因为吃了大蒜大葱和韭菜等重口味食物的原因，那么口香糖并不能帮助你真正解决口臭问题，治标不治本呐。1如何正确嚼口香糖首先，嚼口香糖可以刺激口水分泌。口水能让口腔保持不酸也不碱，在当酸碱刺激进入口腔时口水会大量分泌，一方面稀释其浓度，另一方面依靠自身化学成分中和，维持pH值的平衡。再者，口水里的钙磷等成分，可以让酸软的牙齿再硬起来。例如你吃完酸的东西后，牙齿被轻微酸蚀，这时如果口水大量分泌，可以帮助修复轻微脱矿的牙齿表面，促进牙齿再矿化，重新硬起来。因此，饭后嚼嚼无糖口香糖，可以刺激口水分泌，平衡饭后嘴里的酸碱度，让牙齿硬起来，清新了口气的同时在一定程度上起到了防龋齿的作用。2哪些人应该注意少嚼口香糖饭后嚼口香糖有一定的好处，但也别过多的长期的大力地咀嚼，过犹不及，会加重关节负担。并且有胃病的朋友不宜过多嚼口香糖，长时间咀嚼口香糖，会反射性地分泌大量胃酸。特别是在空腹状态下，持续时间过长、胃酸分泌量过多的情况下，会出现恶心、食欲不振、反酸水等症状，长期下去还可能加重胃病。处于身体发育期的青少年们也少嚼，可能会使咬肌过度锻炼，刺激下颌角的肌肉和骨骼发育，可能会让脸型越来越方。并且要注意偏侧咀嚼的问题哦~
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The 1916–17 Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team represented Penn State University during the 1916–17 college men's basketball season. The head coach was Burke Hermann, in his second season coaching the Nittany Lions. The team finished with a final record of 12–2.
Schedule
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References
Penn State Nittany Lions basketball seasons
Penn State
Penn State Nittany Lions Basketball Team
Penn State Nit
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Port Philip is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Cumberland County .
References
Port Philip on Destination Nova Scotia
Communities in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia
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The Lake Sentarum National Park () is a national park protecting one of the world's most biodiverse lake systems, located in the heart of Borneo Island, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. It lies in the upper Kapuas River tectonic basin some 700 kilometres upstream from the delta. The basin is a vast floodplain, consisting of about 20 seasonal lakes, freshwater swamp forest and peat swamp forest. Local people call it as Lebak lebung (floodplain). The National Park is located in the western part of this basin, where three-quarters of the seasonal lakes occur. Approximately half of the park consists of lakes, while the other half consists of freshwater swamp forest.
An area of 800 km2 was first gazetted as Wildlife Reserve in 1982, which in 1994 was extended to 1,320 km2 (890 km2 is swamp forest area and 430 km2 is dry-land) when it became a Ramsar site. In 1999 it was declared a National Park, however a National Park Authority was only established in 2006.
Danau Sentarum National Park has a rich fish fauna with around 240 recorded species, including the Asian arowana and clown loach botia. During a biological expedition, scientists found species of such fish genera as Chitala, Scleropages, Chitala, Channa, Leptobarbus, Parachela, including many new species. There have been 237 bird species recorded including the Storm's stork and great argus. Of the 143 mammal species 23 are endemic to Borneo including the proboscis monkey. There is a relatively large population of the endangered orangutans present in the park. The 26 reptile species include the false gharial and estuarine crocodile.
The lakes support a large traditional fishing industry. The western part of the upper Kapuas floodplain is inhabited by almost 20,000 people, 88% of which are Malay fishermen. About 3,000 people live in about 20 village enclaves within the Park.
See also
List of national parks of Indonesia
Heart of Borneo
References
National parks of Indonesia
Ramsar sites in Indonesia
Geography of West Kalimantan
Wetlands of Indonesia
Floodplains of Asia
Tourist attractions in West Kalimantan
Protected areas of Kalimantan
Landforms of West Kalimantan
Borneo lowland rain forests
Borneo peat swamp forests
Sundaland heath forests
Kapuas basin
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The Men's 5K race at the 2006 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships was swum on Tuesday, August 29, 2006 in Naples, Italy. It was the second event of the 2006 Open Water Worlds, and one of two events on August 29 (the other being the Women's 5K race). 30 men were entered in the event, 27 of whom swam.
Results
All times in hour : minutes : seconds
See also
2004 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships – Men's 5K
Open water swimming at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 5 km
2008 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships – Men's 5K
References
2006 Open Water Worlds results: Men's 5K from OmegaTiming.com (official timer for the event). Published 2006-08-29; retrieved 2010-01-31.
Fina World Open Water Swimming Championships - Mens 5k, 2006
World Open Water Swimming Championships
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马卡雷纳（La Macarena）是西班牙塞维利亚市中心北部的一个行政区，也是北城墙两侧街区的名称。马卡雷纳圣母也简称为马卡雷纳，许多塞维利亚妇女也以此命名。
地标
该区拥有著名的馬卡雷納聖殿，同名的圣周兄弟会设此。在耶穌受難節清晨的游行是整个西班牙规模最大、最受欢迎、最热切的。木制圣母像可追溯到17世纪。新巴洛克风格的圣殿由奥雷利奥·戈麦斯·文澜建于20世纪。 毗邻教堂的博物馆有关于塞维利亚的圣周游行的完整解释。
阿蒙哈德城墙最大的残余部分就在这个街区，介于两个老城门之间，从西面毗邻圣殿的宏伟的马卡雷纳门，到东面的科尔多瓦门（Puerta de Cordoba）。
安达卢西亚议会设在16世纪建筑圣五伤医院内，它是安达卢西亚风格主义最好的例子之一。
颗粒塔（Torre de los Perdigones）位于瓜达尔基维尔河畔的颗粒花园，是一个19世纪后期铸造厂的遗迹。自2007年以来，设有一个房间大小的全景暗箱。
在附近的市集街（Feria）有塞维利亚最古老的市场（Mercado de la Feria），为18世纪建筑，菜贩，肉贩和鱼贩的摊位构成塞维利亚日常生活的如诗如画的传统场景。
参考
塞维利亚
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Skamlingsbanken is a large hill located in Vejstrup Parish, Jutland, Denmark, between Kolding and Christiansfeld. With a peak rising to above sea level, it is the highest point in Southern Jutland.
The bank of the hill is long and was created during the ice age with clay pushed up the Little Belt Strait from a nearby glacier. Several major historic public meetings took place here during and after the disputes over the territory of Schleswig-Holstein. When peace returned, there was an exchange of territories between the kingdom and the Duchy of Southern Jutland. As a result, eight non-Jutland parishes in the northern part of Tyrstrup Herred, including Vejstrup Parish, were transferred to the kingdom and Skamlingsbanken thereafter fell within the borders of Denmark.
Geology
Skamlingsbanken is a lateral moraine formed at the beginning of the Wisconsin glaciation period, approximately 22,000–25,000 years ago, although other glaciers came through later from the east and south, forming Skamlingsbanken and the large hills and rugged terrain south of Kolding. From Højskamling the landscape falls steeply eastwards and ends up in a cove at Mosvig. To the west, the landscape drops to a level height of around above sea level and continues all the way to the Jutland ridgeway.
Flora
The area has been covered in largely beech forest for centuries, leading to the development of a rich flora. Botanically similar to South Jutland, common plants in the area between Skamlingsbanken and Grønninghoved include wax hat, low thistle and hawthorn. As a result of cattle grazing, growth on the lower part of the hill is kept in check but the top grows wild. Some areas are left to nature allowing blackthorn, hawthorn, roses, elder and other scrub growth to flourish, while others areas are maintained in order to preserve the fragile natural grasslands. The whole area is protected by the Danish Nature Conservation Act.
History
During the 16th century, Skamlingsbanken belonged to Frederick II of Denmark as part of his hunting ground, which stretched all the way to Vejle. The area remained under crown ownership for many years, but in 1764 the monarch began to sell various areas. One area, Grønninghoved Strandskov, remained under crown ownership and is currently state forest. Over many centuries, cultural historical sites such as mounds, depressions and dykes have developed in the wild forest. After the crisis in 19th–century Schleswig-Holstein, a desire to retain and strengthen the Danish spirit and the Danish language in South Jutland arose. A meeting in Stændersalen, Rendsburg in December 1842, caused a great stir when grocer from Haderslev, then
, Lilholt and Posselt from Københoved, spoke Danish. The Germans regarded this as an insult, while Danish-minded Schleswigers saw it as a patriotic victory to be celebrated. This resulted in a celebration held on 21 February 1843 at an inn in where farmer gave a speech and ended with the words;
"Like our ancestors, we empty a cup of oath. We will not promise so much, that we will turn our backs to German officials, who speak German to us, nor that we within three years will hunt Duke of Nordalbingia out of the country,
but we will promise and keep – within three years to gather to feast again."
Whereupon shouted, "We will meet within three months." He went on to explain that the patriotic men of his district had decided to celebrate on 14 May, to commemorate the royal decree introducing the Danish language in a number of public offices. They chose Skamlingsbanken where they had secured a place to gather. The surprised and enthusiastic participants immediately created a committee which would collect the 440 silver Thaler required to purchase the hill, which was raised within a few weeks. Skamlingsbanken then officially came under the association's ownership in 1854, following confirmation by the king's signature.
The language meetings
A number of other languages meetings then followed, which later evolved into folk festivals and national meetings. The first was held on 18 May 1843 instead of 14 May, since this was a Sunday and would have conflicted with the holiday law. Beginning at sunrise the participants hoisted the Dannebrog, a huge split flag 12 Ell long and 6 ell wide (). At 11 o'clock Højskamling was inaugurated and Laurids Skau became the first speaker. Drewsen spoke next and handed over a silver drinking horn to P. Hiort Lorenzen. It was made of Danish silver pieces and bore the inscription, "He spoke Danish, and continued to speak Danish." Later on, the Højskamlings banner was consecrated, with a speech by teacher A. C. Abbey from Moltrup and the rest of the day continued with songs, music, disc shooting and dancing. The celebrations ended at nightfall with bonfires and singing.
The second meeting on 4 July 1844 was a protest meeting over the King's degradation of the Danish language's influence in the charter of 29 March 1844. This meeting had native language conservation as its key theme which applied to all of the Nordic countries. The previous evening, a steamer with 120 citizens from Copenhagen arrived, including N. F. S. Grundtvig, Orla Lehmann, Carl Ploug and Meïr Aron Goldschmidt. The huge party began at sunrise with hoisting of the flag accompanied by cannon salutes. Then, after Kaj Hansen from had welcomed everyone, Laurids Skau made a speech. Carl Ploug was in the audience and it is probably this speech he refers to when he later writes about the peasant who says:
... from South Jutland High,
thousands listened, staring
as scintillating starlight thoughts flew,
as words rattled like swords.
The next speaker was N. F. S. Grundtvig, who ended his speech with a prophecy:
Northern Schleswig-Holstein inhabitants continued to speak Danish, it must be after centuries of history, the main abstracts of your giant story.
Hiort Lorenzen then walked on to the podium, to talk about the United States Declaration of Independence as he had chosen 4 July as the date for this Skamlingsbanken Meeting. Orla Lehmann followed on and promised the inhabitants of South Jutland to stand with them through thick and thin. Professor C. Paulsen then spoke, saying, "a people are only lost when it denies itself self." After lunch, Carl Ploug addressed the meeting claiming that North Schleswig had the backing not only of the Danish people but the whole of Scandinavia. Kloster, a teacher from also took the podium and after him came Meïr Aron Goldschmidt, editor of The Corsair. who said:
I am your brother. Here is my hand. May it write for you? can it hit for you? So command!
This celebration ended with a giant bonfire consisting of three or four trees and some tar barrels.
The third meeting was also a protest meeting. On 18 July 1845 it drew 8,000 people with a large contingent from Norway and Sweden. Among the speakers was Laurids Skau, Steen Steensen Blicher and Carl Ploug, whose speech was suppressed by censors in Denmark, but was reported in Swedish magazines.
The fourth meeting opened with a mood of happy expectation, since an open royal letter dated 8 July 1846, laid out Denmark's claim to the whole of Schleswig. Carl Ploug spoke at this meeting and once again the speech was censored.
On 28 June 1847, the fifth meeting took place when Laurids Skau was pleased to report on the establishment of a Danish teacher training college and that the German high school in Haderslev, would henceforth teach in Danish. Master Helweg from the folk high school in Rødding then took the podium and pupils from the entire school sang. There were almost as many people present as there had been at the 1844 protest meeting.
This proved to be the last language festival due to the start of the First Schleswig War.
Other meetings
During the 1850s a number of folk festivals took place, with the first in 1851 and the last in 1859. However, these saw fewer participants, because the main theme of the Danish language had declined in importance. Several language charters had been introduced during this period, while Danish had also become the language of schools in some parts of south Jutland.
People continued to hold meetings and parties at Skamlingsbanken on different occasions and a small cafe was built in 1868 to accommodate the numerous visitors. In 1883, a large meeting of Nordic folk high school principals and high school teachers took place and in the years around 1900 many people celebrated with lectures on Midsummer day. On 4 June 1906 the poet Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson spoke in front of 10,000 people at Højskamling saying:
I have often seen that the circle of vision, was edged by high mountains and the sea, but I have never before seen thousands of people to the edges.
Following World War I and before the official 1920 reunification of Denmark and Schleswig, a great country reunion party was held on Sunday 13 July 1919. All the choirs in Denmark showed up at the event which attracted up to 15,000 visitors. Magister Viggo Bierring first welcomed everybody, then Professor Ellinger celebrated the fallen of the war, whereupon everyone stood up and bared their heads while the royal conductor Georg Høeberg performed Jutland between two seas. Later, his brother, royal chamber singer Albert Høeberg, sang From distant countries came Queen Dagmar.
The Danish atmosphere was maintained by Tenna Frederiksen, who sang I went out one summer's day and Drachmanns song about the girls of South Jutland. There was huge applause when the South Jutland choir under the photographer Gaasvig, sang several different songs from the local countryside. Despite several showers of rain throughout the day, the festival ended in high spirits with all attendees singing King of Kings. The event was subsequently held several more times, but none surpassed this festivity.
One week after the reunion celebration, Danish youth associations held their annual rally on Skamlingsbanken where Jacob Appel Kloppenborg-Skrumsager and Bishop Ludwig discussed church affairs. The Danish Mission Society held their annual mission meeting in subsequent years at Skamlingsbanken on Danish Constitution Day.
The Young Border Guard, founded in 1934, chose to hold their first annual meeting at Skamlingsbanken, which broke all visitor records. In addition to those carrying the 25,000 passes issued, another 5–10,000 people turned up without one. Extra trains, each with 15 carriages, were laid on to cope with the large gathering of people while additional steamers operated at full speed. The day began with a rendition of Kongesangen, with everyone standing, then later Der er et yndigt land was sung and everyone bared their head.
The annual meeting was opened by Skamlingsbanken Company President, O. Juhl and conducted by director Hammerich Tønder. Danish people from across Jutland joined in a circle to sing under the direction of Professor Ottosen Haderslev. After a speech from the president of the border guard union, teacher Peter Marcussen from Tønder, joined H. P. Hansen at the podium and received long applause. He talked about the past history of Skamlingsbanken meetings and quoted Laurids Skau's words;
It is lions, and not monkeys that are jumping to take up Danish arms.
He continued saying:
When I was 14 years old, I stood here and listened, and then followed the family that took the sinking flag, before it was too late.
After a speech by Professor Lauritz Weibull from Lund, Norwegian Ronald Fagen spoke in favour of genuine Scandinavism. Gunnar Gunnarsson emphasized that the idea of a Nordic border defense and "it will be Icelands greeting today." Moderator J. Kronika expressed his opinion thus, "We should today unite as in the promise of 1845 on unbreakable foster-brotherhood of assertiveness by Danish law to the ultimate benefit of the northern peoples."
In the evening, men of the Young Border Defence sang their battle song, which was written by librarian Carl Dumreicher. Later there were other speakers including the teacher Inger Enemark, priest Birger Tønnesen from Oslo, and attorney Karling from Malmo.
The evening ended with a bonfire and a speech by Professor William Andersen:
Here at Skamling the sea, sky and earth meet. Here all estates and tribes met each other. Here ends the family chain....
The largest meeting to date was held on 24 June 1945, to celebrate the end of the Second World War, which drew up to 100,000 participants.
A number of prominent individuals and officials have all made speeches at Skamlingsbanken, including N. F. S. Grundtvig, Laurids Skau, Orla Lehmann and Anders Fogh Rasmussen.
Memorials
There is a tall memorial column dedicated to 18 people who have contributed to the Danish cause in Schleswig-Holstein on Skamlingsbanken's highest point, the Højskamling. Made of 25 granite blocks, the column was raised in 1863, although the idea was conceived in the autumn of 1845 when Staal suggested at a general meeting of millers that each of its members should donate a stone for a large granite column.
The idea was shelved until the early 1850s, when a memorial committee was formed to raise money for a memorial to General Bülow in Fredericia. The committee collected 9,000 thaler, and there was much money left over. Among other things, these funds were used for the 25 blocks, the Flensburg Lion, the monument at Kolding church and various gravestones. After some debate, 18 names were selected and the design for the memorial completed by architect, Professor F. Meldahl. In the late summer of 1863, the stones, quarried at Strømstad and provided by the widow of quarry-owner Kullgren of Uddevalla, arrived. The residents of Tyrstrup Herred volunteered 104 horses for transportation to the site, and the last stone arrived at the site on 10 October. Stonemason Kleving immediately began work on the monument which subsequently only stood for five months before its destruction on 21 March 1864 by occupying Prussian forces during the 2nd Schleswig War.
The Prussians had difficulty destroying the monument, and after several unsuccessful attempts forced a local stonemason to drill blasting holes into the stone. By the evening of that day the Prussians set off a large mine, which caused the pillar to fall in a southeasterly direction. On 16 April, the stones were sold at auction. Local farm owner Raaben had two locals buy the stones, thus keeping the Prussians in the dark. These were dragged into hiding in neighboring fields. After the war, the stones were recovered, and in May 1864, the pillar was raised again.
Personal names appearing on the memorial:
(1744–1812)
A.G. Fabricius (d. 1804)
(1809–1871)
(1792–1875)
(1791–1845)
Thomas Hoyer Jensen (1771–1839)
Claus Jaspersen (1777–1847)
(1807–1880)
(1816–1881)
(1794–1860)
(1795–1877)
(1788–1857)
C.H. Overbeck (1743–1796)
(1798–1854)
Erik Pontoppidan (1698–1764)
(1817–1864)
(1796–1861)
(1802–1839)
The Skamlingsbanken lectern is a monumental carved granite stone with motifs designed by Lorenz Frølich and carvings by Niels Larsen Stevns.
At a midsummer meeting in 1902, it was decided to create this podium and by 24 June 1903, it was ready for inauguration.
Around the podium stand five groups of trees, symbolizing that the five Nordic countries are inseparable. The trees are: Beech for Denmark birch for Sweden Spruce for Norway, a tree for Finland and Rowan for Iceland.
There are other memorials in the area around Skamlingsbanken, four of which are located about from the column commemorating Pastor M. Mørk. Hansen, Peter Skau, N. F. S. Grundtvig and C. Flor. During a rally in 1883 for the Nordic folk high school principals and high school teachers, the idea of raising a memorial to Grundtvig arose. This subsequently happened at a private party on 4 July 1884, the 40th anniversary of Grundtvigs keynote speech at the site. At the behest of the South Jutland Central Association, a memorial was raised for C. Flor on 14 July 1912.
A little further away in the woods stand two other memorials. The one dedicated to Laurids Skau, inaugurated on 18 May 1883, the 50th anniversary of the first Skamlingsbanken Meeting, bears a verse by Grundtvig:
The word sounded like thunder, rolling over the forest,
difficulty and thunderbolt, tossed gloss' of waves,
lit bonfires in the giant's arms, lighted Skamlingsbankens beacon
with the clear flames
At the location where the Board of Skamlingsbanken pitched their tent at meetings, a memorial to Regenburg was raised on 2 September 1898.
, a memorial to the 100 fallen resistance fighters of South Jutland during World War II also stands at Skamlingsbanken. The idea for this came from the resistance movement of Region III, South Jutland. Every day the bell sounds the Prince Jørgens March, which was used during the German occupation to introduce Danish language radio broadcasts from the BBC in London.
Since 1998, the Danish royal theater has held annual opera concerts at Skamlingsbanken with up to 30,000 people in the audience.
References
External links
Skamlinksbanken pictures
Hills of Denmark
Political history of Denmark
History of Schleswig-Holstein
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Sextus Julius Caesar was a Roman statesman, and the first member of the Julii Caesares to hold the consulship, which he attained in 157 BC.
Family
From his filiation, we know that Sextus' father was also named Sextus, and that his grandfather was named Lucius. In his reconstruction of the family, classical scholar Wilhelm Drumann assumed that he was the son of Sextus Julius Caesar, one of the military tribunes of 181 BC, and the grandson of an otherwise unknown Lucius Julius Caesar, who would have been the son of Sextus, praetor in 208 BC. However, more recent scholarship has concluded that the military tribune and the consul were the same person, and that his father was the praetor of 208.
Sextus had at least one brother, Lucius, who was praetor in 183 BC, and probably a second, Gaius, who was a senator and the great-grandfather of Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator. He had two sons: Sextus, who was praetor urbanus in 123 BC, and Lucius, by whom he was the grandfather of Lucius Julius Caesar, consul in 90 BC, (and through him the great-grandfather of Mark Antony) and the orator Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo.
Career
In 181 BC, Sextus served as a military tribune under Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus, proconsul of Liguria. In 170, he was one of the legates sent to Thrace in order to restore liberty to the people of Abdera, and to seek out and return those who had been sold into slavery. In 165, Sextus was one of the curule aediles. At the Megalesian Games, he and his colleague, , gave the first, unsuccessful presentation of Terence's comedy, Hecyra. Sextus subsequently held the praetorship; the exact year is uncertain, but it was no later than 160.
In 157 BC, Sextus became the first of the Julii Caesares to obtain the consulship. His colleague was Lucius Aurelius Orestes. Their year of office was largely uneventful; Ariarathes, who had been deposed as King of Cappadocia the previous year, was at Rome seeking support for his subsequent restoration, and Sextus is named as a witness to a decree of the senate to the people of Tibur.
Ten years after their consulship, in 147 BC, Orestes was sent as part of an ambassadorial mission to arbitrate in a dispute between the Achaean League and the Lacedaemonians. Following the senate's instructions, he removed several important towns from the League, leading to riots at Corinth, and an attack on the ambassadors. In response, his former colleague was dispatched at the head of a second delegation with instructions to censure the Achaeans and continue negotiating the dispute. Sextus' attempt to resolve the dispute was frustrated by the Achaean general Critolaus. The following year, the League rose against Rome, and was decisively defeated in the Achaean War. The League was dissolved, and most of mainland Greece was incorporated into the Roman Republic.
See also
Julia gens
References
Bibliography
Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita (History of Rome), book xl.
Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder), Naturalis Historia (Natural History), book xxxiii.
Polybius, The Histories, book xxxii.
Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus (Cassius Dio), Roman History, fragmenta.
Wilhelm Drumann, Geschichte Roms in seinem Übergang von der republikanischen zur monarchischen Verfassung, oder: Pompeius, Caesar, Cicero und ihre Zeitgenossen, Königsberg (1834–1844).
"Caesar" and "Sextus Julius Caesar" (nos. 4 & 6), in the Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, American Philological Association (1952).
The Cambridge Ancient History, Frank Adcock and S. A. Cook, eds., Cambridge University Press (1924–1939), vol. VIII.
2nd-century BC diplomats
2nd-century BC Roman consuls
2nd-century BC Roman praetors
Curule aediles
Sextus (consul 597 AUC)
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第115獨立國土防衛旅（）是乌克兰武装部队下轄的一個烏克蘭國土防禦部隊，駐於日托米爾州。該部隊隸屬於乌克兰北方作战指挥部。
歷史
2018年，該旅在日托米爾州成立。2019年9月，330名屬於139營的預備役人員參加了軍事演習，隨後開展更大規模的旅級軍演，共有1500名人員參與。
2021年9月22日至10月1日，烏克蘭舉行「聯合努力-2021」大型軍演，超過1300名的該旅士兵和預備役軍人參加。
2022年1月26日，指揮官穆祖克·米凱洛（Muzhuk Mykhailo）上校透露該旅已完成70%的組建。
2022年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭
2022年3月上旬，該旅繳獲了一輛俄方的烏拉爾卡車。該部隊負責守衛烏克蘭與白俄羅斯的邊境，並持續訓練軍隊和執行摧毀见证者-136无人机的任務。2022年9月，參與了2022年烏克蘭哈爾科夫反攻行動。2023年夏季期間，被派駐到克雷明纳方面的前線作戰。
編制
2022年時的編制為：
本部
第138國土防衛營（日托米爾），部队代号A7304
第139國土防衛營（贝尔迪奇夫），部队代号A7305
第140國土防衛營（兹维亚海尔），部队代号A7306
第141國土防衛營（奧夫魯奇），部队代号A7307
第142國土防衛營（馬林），部队代号A7308
第143國土防衛營（科羅斯滕），部队代号A7309
反破壞連
工兵連
通信連
後勤連
迫擊砲連
人物
亞歷山大·韋爾比洛（）：陸軍中校，第138國土防衛營營長。2023年7月2日戰死。
參考資料
外部連結
烏克蘭國土防衛旅
俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭相關軍事單位
2018年烏克蘭建立
2018年建立的軍事組織
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