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gem-squad_v2-train-59566
5ad1665e645df0001a2d19c4
Electric_motor
When used with a load that has a torque curve that increases with speed, the motor will operate at the speed where the torque developed by the motor is equal to the load torque. Reducing the load will cause the motor to speed up, and increasing the load will cause the motor to slow down until the load and motor torque ...
What will a motor do if the load is not reduced?
What will a motor do if the load is not reduced?
[ " What will a motor do if the load is not reduced?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-51022
572fae7a947a6a140053cb6a
Seven_Years%27_War
Austria was not able to retake Silesia or make any significant territorial gain. However, it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony. More significantly, its military performance proved far better than during the War of the Austrian Succession and seemed to vindicate Maria Theresa's administrative and militar...
What area was preserved from Prussian invasion?
What area was preserved from Prussian invasion?
[ "What area was preserved from Prussian invasion?" ]
{ "text": [ "it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony" ], "answer_start": [ 90 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-61711
5a62857cf8d794001af1c09c
St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador
St. John's is served by the Eastern School District, the largest school district in Newfoundland and Labrador by student population. There are currently 36 primary, elementary and secondary schools in the city of St. John's, including three private schools. St. John's also includes one school that is part of the provin...
What private schools are in the Eastern School District?
What private schools are in the Eastern School District?
[ "What private schools are in the Eastern School District?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-45765
5ace23ca32bba1001ae49b8e
YouTube
YouTube does not usually offer a download link for its videos, and intends for them to be viewed through its website interface. A small number of videos, such as the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama, can be downloaded as MP4 files. Numerous third-party web sites, applications and browser plug-ins allow users ...
What has been the status regarding Creative Commons since June 2012?
What has been the status regarding Creative Commons since June 2012?
[ "What has been the status regarding Creative Commons since June 2012?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-5853
5ad2a0e8d7d075001a429ca7
House_music
Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley proclaimed August 10, 2005 to be "House Unity Day" in Chicago, in celebration of the "21st anniversary of house music" (actually the 21st anniversary of the founding of Trax Records, an independent Chicago-based house label). The proclamation recognized Chicago as the original home of hou...
What was recognized as the original home of Oliver music in 2005?
What was recognized as the original home of Oliver music in 2005?
[ "What was recognized as the original home of Oliver music in 2005?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-19154
5733f6a4d058e614000b6693
Premier_League
As of the 2015–16 season, Premier League football has been played in 53 stadiums since the formation of the Premier League in 1992. The Hillsborough disaster in 1989 and the subsequent Taylor Report saw a recommendation that standing terraces should be abolished; as a result all stadiums in the Premier League are all-s...
What is the combined total capacity of all stadiums in the Premier League as of 2011?
What is the combined total capacity of all stadiums in the Premier League as of 2011?
[ "What is the combined total capacity of all stadiums in the Premier League as of 2011?" ]
{ "text": [ "770,477" ], "answer_start": [ 873 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-45818
5ace2eea32bba1001ae49d09
YouTube
YouTube has enabled people to more directly engage with government, such as in the CNN/YouTube presidential debates (2007) in which ordinary people submitted questions to U.S. presidential candidates via YouTube video, with a techPresident co-founder saying that Internet video was changing the political landscape. Desc...
Who did YouTube partner with to engage people in the 2010 presidential debates?
Who did YouTube partner with to engage people in the 2010 presidential debates?
[ "Who did YouTube partner with to engage people in the 2010 presidential debates?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-50576
5acee64f32bba1001ae4b900
Neptune
After the Voyager 2 flyby mission, the next step in scientific exploration of the Neptunian system, is considered to be a Flagship orbital mission. Such a hypothetical mission is envisioned to be possible at in the late 2020s or early 2030s. However, there have been a couple of discussions to launch Neptune missions so...
What about Uranus did NASA propose in 2003 in their "Vision Missions Studies"?
What about Uranus did NASA propose in 2003 in their "Vision Missions Studies"?
[ "What about Uranus did NASA propose in 2003 in their \"Vision Missions Studies\"?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109564
5728eeca4b864d19001650be
Samurai
The Japanese defenders recognized the possibility of a renewed invasion, and began construction of a great stone barrier around Hakata Bay in 1276. Completed in 1277, this wall stretched for 20 kilometers around the border of the bay. This would later serve as a strong defensive point against the Mongols. The Mongols a...
What was built around Hakata Bay?
What was built around Hakata Bay?
[ "What was built around Hakata Bay?" ]
{ "text": [ "a great stone barrier" ], "answer_start": [ 99 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-114303
5726a3fc5951b619008f78b6
The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)
The Sun has been openly antagonistic towards other European nations, particularly the French and Germans. During the 1980s and 1990s, the nationalities were routinely described in copy and headlines as "frogs", "krauts" or "hun". As the paper is opposed to the EU it has referred to foreign leaders who it deemed hostile...
What names were used by The Sun to characterize the French and Germans?
What names were used by The Sun to characterize the French and Germans?
[ "What names were used by The Sun to characterize the French and Germans?" ]
{ "text": [ "\"frogs\", \"krauts\" or \"hun\"" ], "answer_start": [ 202 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-12576
5ad2e303d7d075001a42a639
Cardinal_(Catholicism)
In cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of Paris to distinguish them from ...
What did Pippin III call priests of Paris to distinguish them from county clergy?
What did Pippin III call priests of Paris to distinguish them from county clergy?
[ "What did Pippin III call priests of Paris to distinguish them from county clergy?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-29651
570c5213fed7b91900d458ad
Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)
Differences in feasts may also originate from doctrinal issues—the Feast of the Assumption is such an example. Given that there is no agreement among all Christians on the circumstances of the death, Dormition or Assumption of Mary, the feast of assumption is celebrated among some denominations and not others. While t...
On what date does the Catholic Church celebrate the Feast of the Assumption?
On what date does the Catholic Church celebrate the Feast of the Assumption?
[ "On what date does the Catholic Church celebrate the Feast of the Assumption?" ]
{ "text": [ "August 15" ], "answer_start": [ 381 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-76797
572ac73df75d5e190021fcce
Philadelphia
Roosevelt Boulevard and the Roosevelt Expressway (U.S. 1) connect Northeast Philadelphia with Center City. Woodhaven Road (Route 63), built in 1966, and Cottman Avenue (Route 73) serve the neighborhoods of Northeast Philadelphia, running between Interstate 95 and the Roosevelt Boulevard (U.S. 1). The Fort Washington Ex...
What is US-30 also known as?
What is US-30 also known as?
[ "What is US-30 also known as?" ]
{ "text": [ "Lancaster Avenue" ], "answer_start": [ 510 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-74455
5ace831032bba1001ae4a8f3
Asphalt
The expression "bitumen" originated in the Sanskrit, where we find the words jatu, meaning "pitch," and jatu-krit, meaning "pitch creating", "pitch producing" (referring to coniferous or resinous trees). The Latin equivalent is claimed by some to be originally gwitu-men (pertaining to pitch), and by others, pixtumens (...
What does the Norse word kitt mean?
What does the Norse word kitt mean?
[ "What does the Norse word kitt mean?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-79398
5a3c0aabcc5d22001a521d66
Heian_period
The game Total War: Shogun 2 has the Rise of the Samurai expansion pack as downloadable campaign. It allows the player to make their own version of the Gempei War which happened during the Heian period. The player is able to choose one of the most powerful families of Japan at the time, the Taira, Minamoto or Fujiwara;...
What three families are added with the expanson pack?
What three families are added with the expanson pack?
[ "What three families are added with the expanson pack?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-77826
5acd4b1307355d001abf3c31
Strasbourg
Strasbourg's historic city centre, the Grande Île (Grand Island), was classified a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1988, the first time such an honour was placed on an entire city centre. Strasbourg is immersed in the Franco-German culture and although violently disputed throughout history, has been a bridge of unity ...
Besides Catholics and Protestants who else attends the University of Strasbourg?
Besides Catholics and Protestants who else attends the University of Strasbourg?
[ "Besides Catholics and Protestants who else attends the University of Strasbourg?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-41606
56cec34faab44d1400b889f9
2008_Sichuan_earthquake
In 2008, State Council established a counterpart support plan (《汶川地震灾后恢复重建对口支援方案》). The plan is to arrange 19 eastern and central province and municipalitie to help 18 counties, on "one province to one affected county" basis. The plan spanned 3 years, and cost no less than one percent of the province or municipality's ...
What did the State Council establish in 2008?
What did the State Council establish in 2008?
[ "What did the State Council establish in 2008?" ]
{ "text": [ "a counterpart support plan" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-79510
57310d3fe6313a140071cbbe
Kievan_Rus%27
As the 10th century progressed, the Khazars were no longer able to command tribute from the Volga Bulgars, and their relationship with the Byzantines deteriorated, as Byzantium increasingly allied with the Pechenegs against them. The Pechenegs were thus secure to raid the lands of the Khazars from their base between th...
What did the Pechenges trade with the Rus?
What did the Pechenges trade with the Rus?
[ "What did the Pechenges trade with the Rus?" ]
{ "text": [ "livestock" ], "answer_start": [ 555 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-58884
5a4703295fd40d001a27dd3b
Rajasthan
Rajasthan attracted 14 percent of total foreign visitors during 2009–2010 which is the fourth highest among Indian states. It is fourth also in Domestic tourist visitors. Tourism is a flourishing industry in Rajasthan. The palaces of Jaipur and Ajmer-Pushkar, the lakes of Udaipur, the desert forts of Jodhpur, Taragarh ...
During what period did Ajmer Pushkar have the 4th highest amount of foreign tourists in India?
During what period did Ajmer Pushkar have the 4th highest amount of foreign tourists in India?
[ "During what period did Ajmer Pushkar have the 4th highest amount of foreign tourists in India?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-114824
5a7dc3ae70df9f001a875138
Matter
Leptons (the most famous being the electron), and quarks (of which baryons, such as protons and neutrons, are made) combine to form atoms, which in turn form molecules. Because atoms and molecules are said to be matter, it is natural to phrase the definition as: ordinary matter is anything that is made of the same thin...
How many generation particles are there?
How many generation particles are there?
[ "How many generation particles are there?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-82987
56de719c4396321400ee290a
Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger served in the Austrian Army in 1965 to fulfill the one year of service required at the time of all 18-year-old Austrian males. During his army service, he won the Junior Mr. Europe contest. He went AWOL during basic training so he could take part in the competition and spent a week in military prison: "P...
Which competition did Schwarzenegger go AWOL to participate in?
Which competition did Schwarzenegger go AWOL to participate in?
[ "Which competition did Schwarzenegger go AWOL to participate in?" ]
{ "text": [ "Junior Mr. Europe" ], "answer_start": [ 178 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-50437
5acee29832bba1001ae4b875
Neptune
Neptune's weather is characterised by extremely dynamic storm systems, with winds reaching speeds of almost 600 m/s (2,200 km/h; 1,300 mph)—nearly reaching supersonic flow. More typically, by tracking the motion of persistent clouds, wind speeds have been shown to vary from 20 m/s in the easterly direction to 325 m/s w...
What is the low wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?
What is the low wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?
[ " What is the low wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-52909
5a73ceb842eae6001a3899f5
Political_party
During the 19th and 20th century, many national political parties organized themselves into international organizations along similar policy lines. Notable examples are The Universal Party, International Workingmen's Association (also called the First International), the Socialist International (also called the Second ...
Where has The Universal Party headquarters been located since 1974?
Where has The Universal Party headquarters been located since 1974?
[ "Where has The Universal Party headquarters been located since 1974?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-52863
5a73c32442eae6001a3899c3
Political_party
In the United Kingdom, it has been alleged that peerages have been awarded to contributors to party funds, the benefactors becoming members of the House of Lords and thus being in a position to participate in legislating. Famously, Lloyd George was found to have been selling peerages. To prevent such corruption in the ...
What is awarded to people in the UK who manage loans for a living?
What is awarded to people in the UK who manage loans for a living?
[ "What is awarded to people in the UK who manage loans for a living?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-84036
5a7e32d770df9f001a875540
Translation
When a historic document survives only in translation, the original having been lost, researchers sometimes undertake back-translation in an effort to reconstruct the original text. An example involves the novel The Saragossa Manuscript by the Polish aristocrat Jan Potocki (1761–1815), who wrote the novel in French and...
When had Edmund Chojecki translated portions of the Saragossa Manuscript into Polish from Japanese?
When had Edmund Chojecki translated portions of the Saragossa Manuscript into Polish from Japanese?
[ "When had Edmund Chojecki translated portions of the Saragossa Manuscript into Polish from Japanese?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-17631
56cddc2a62d2951400fa690b
Spectre_(2015_film)
Christoph Waltz was cast in the role of Franz Oberhauser, though he refused to comment on the nature of the part. It was later revealed with the film's release that he is Ernst Stavro Blofeld. Dave Bautista was cast as Mr. Hinx after producers sought an actor with a background in contact sports. After casting Bérénice ...
What is Franz Oberhauser's other name?
What is Franz Oberhauser's other name?
[ "What is Franz Oberhauser's other name?" ]
{ "text": [ "Ernst Stavro Blofeld" ], "answer_start": [ 171 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-33791
5a67d407f038b7001ab0c477
Film_speed
The CIPA DC-004 standard requires that Japanese manufacturers of digital still cameras use either the REI or SOS techniques, and DC-008 updates the Exif specification to differentiate between these values. Consequently, the three EI techniques carried over from ISO 12232:1998 are not widely used in recent camera models...
When was the CIPA DC-004 standard released?
When was the CIPA DC-004 standard released?
[ "When was the CIPA DC-004 standard released?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-51968
570c69eafed7b91900d459c6
John,_King_of_England
Prince Louis intended to land in the south of England in May 1216, and John assembled a naval force to intercept him. Unfortunately for John, his fleet was dispersed by bad storms and Louis landed unopposed in Kent. John hesitated and decided not to attack Louis immediately, either due to the risks of open battle or ov...
Why did John hesitate to attack Louis?
Why did John hesitate to attack Louis?
[ "Why did John hesitate to attack Louis?" ]
{ "text": [ "due to the risks of open battle" ], "answer_start": [ 283 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103648
5a3bf528cc5d22001a521c51
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussi...
Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?
Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?
[ "Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-35510
5ad0f821645df0001a2d0904
Gothic_architecture
The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche o...
What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula?
What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula?
[ "What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103770
5a3c0417cc5d22001a521d2d
East_Prussia
Although the 1945–1949 expulsion of Germans from the northern part of former East Prussia was often conducted in a violent and aggressive way by Soviet officials, the present Russian inhabitants of the Kaliningrad Oblast have much less animosity towards Germans. German names have been revived in commercial Russian trad...
In which year did the present Russian inhabitants of the Kaliningrad Oblast start to emigrate there?
In which year did the present Russian inhabitants of the Kaliningrad Oblast start to emigrate there?
[ "In which year did the present Russian inhabitants of the Kaliningrad Oblast start to emigrate there?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-99897
56fb955db28b3419009f1e68
Middle_Ages
The large external sculptural schemes of Early Gothic churches gave way to more sculpture inside the building, as tombs became more elaborate and other features such as pulpits were sometimes lavishly carved, as in the Pulpit by Giovanni Pisano in Sant'Andrea. Painted or carved wooden relief altarpieces became common, ...
When did Rogier van der Weyden die?
When did Rogier van der Weyden die?
[ "When did Rogier van der Weyden die?" ]
{ "text": [ "1464" ], "answer_start": [ 471 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-61881
5ace7cb632bba1001ae4a7d5
Madrasa
However, the classification of madaris as "universities" is disputed on the question of understanding of each institution on its own terms. In madaris, the ijāzahs were only issued in one field, the Islamic religious law of sharīʻah, and in no other field of learning. Other academic subjects, including the natural scie...
What is considered the least famous madrasa?
What is considered the least famous madrasa?
[ " What is considered the least famous madrasa?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-6924
5ad4dba25b96ef001a10a449
Red
The painters of the early Renaissance used two traditional lake pigments, made from mixing dye with either chalk or alum, kermes lake, made from kermes insects, and madder lake, made from the rubia tinctorum plant. With the arrival of cochineal, they had a third, carmine, which made a very fine crimson, though it had a...
Who were the great painters of the 15th century?
Who were the great painters of the 15th century?
[ "Who were the great painters of the 15th century?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-88680
56db76fde7c41114004b515b
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay
Reports on the Delhi relay were similarly distinct. Despite intended torchbearers Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar and Bhaichung Bhutia all withdrawing from the event, the official Chinese website for the relay reported "Indian torchbearers vow to run for spirit of Olympics", and quoted torchbearers Manavjit...
Several torchbearers said what two things should not be combined?
Several torchbearers said what two things should not be combined?
[ "Several torchbearers said what two things should not be combined?" ]
{ "text": [ "sports and politics" ], "answer_start": [ 409 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-39526
5a8c9b1bfd22b3001a8d8bc5
FA_Cup
The FA Cup winners qualify for the following season's UEFA Europa League (formerly named the UEFA Cup; until 1998 they entered the Cup Winners' Cup instead). This European place applies even if the team is relegated or is not in the English top flight. In the past, if the FA Cup winning team also qualified for the foll...
When do FA Cup winners exit the Europa League?
When do FA Cup winners exit the Europa League?
[ "When do FA Cup winners exit the Europa League?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-97278
56d31b3759d6e41400146246
Frédéric_Chopin
Two Polish friends in Paris were also to play important roles in Chopin's life there. His fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory, Julian Fontana, had originally tried unsuccessfully to establish himself in England; Albert Grzymała, who in Paris became a wealthy financier and society figure, often acted as Chopin's a...
Which friend of Chopin became like an older brother to him?
Which friend of Chopin became like an older brother to him?
[ "Which friend of Chopin became like an older brother to him?" ]
{ "text": [ "Albert Grzymała" ], "answer_start": [ 218 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-58465
5a2af14b5b078a001a2f075a
Sanskrit
Many Sanskrit loanwords are also found in Austronesian languages, such as Javanese, particularly the older form in which nearly half the vocabulary is borrowed. Other Austronesian languages, such as traditional Malay and modern Indonesian, also derive much of their vocabulary from Sanskrit, albeit to a lesser extent, w...
What language loan words does Arabic use?
What language loan words does Arabic use?
[ "What language loan words does Arabic use?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-26580
5a77bfb8b73996001af5a553
University
In Canada, "college" generally refers to a two-year, non-degree-granting institution, while "university" connotes a four-year, degree-granting institution. Universities may be sub-classified (as in the Macleans rankings) into large research universities with many PhD granting programs and medical schools (for example, ...
A college teaches students for how many years in Macleans?
A college teaches students for how many years in Macleans?
[ "A college teaches students for how many years in Macleans?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-114109
5a42d0914a4859001aac733f
Philosophy_of_space_and_time
A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani...
What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics?
What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics?
[ "What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-20905
56dd304366d3e219004dac38
Prime_minister
Bangladesh's constitution clearly outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister, and also details the process of his/her appointment and dismissal.
What other considerations are included in the constitution of Bangladesh as regards the prime minister?
What other considerations are included in the constitution of Bangladesh as regards the prime minister?
[ "What other considerations are included in the constitution of Bangladesh as regards the prime minister?" ]
{ "text": [ "the process of his/her appointment and dismissal" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-64492
573341b6d058e614000b57e7
Portugal
The Muslim population of the region consisted mainly of native Iberian converts to Islam (the so-called Muwallad or Muladi) and to a lesser extent Berbers and Arabs. The Arabs were principally noblemen from Oman; and though few in numbers, they constituted the elite of the population. The Berbers were originally from t...
Who did the Arabs principally consist of?
Who did the Arabs principally consist of?
[ "Who did the Arabs principally consist of?" ]
{ "text": [ "noblemen from Oman" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-34652
56f8da2e9b226e1400dd10ec
Southampton
Many of the world's largest cruise ships can regularly be seen in Southampton water, including record-breaking vessels from Royal Caribbean and Carnival Corporation & plc. The latter has headquarters in Southampton, with its brands including Princess Cruises, P&O Cruises and Cunard Line.
In addition to P&O Cruises and Cunard Line, what other brand does Carnival Corporation own?
In addition to P&O Cruises and Cunard Line, what other brand does Carnival Corporation own?
[ "In addition to P&O Cruises and Cunard Line, what other brand does Carnival Corporation own?" ]
{ "text": [ "Princess Cruises" ], "answer_start": [ 242 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-29061
5ad37ba5604f3c001a3fe3fe
Pharmaceutical_industry
The thalidomide tragedy resurrected Kefauver's bill to enhance drug regulation that had stalled in Congress, and the Kefauver-Harris Amendment became law on 10 October 1962. Manufacturers henceforth had to prove to FDA that their drugs were effective as well as safe before they could go on the US market. The FDA receiv...
What did this new law prohibit?
What did this new law prohibit?
[ "What did this new law prohibit?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113732
56f959f79e9bad19000a0869
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
During the 1920s and 1930s, British civil servants and politicians, looking back at the performance of the state during World War I, concluded that there was a need for greater co-ordination between the three Services that made up the armed forces of the United Kingdom—the British Army, the Royal Navy, and the Royal Ai...
When was the Chiefs of Staff Committee formed?
When was the Chiefs of Staff Committee formed?
[ "When was the Chiefs of Staff Committee formed?" ]
{ "text": [ "1923" ], "answer_start": [ 490 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-52414
57291ce0af94a219006aa08a
Planck_constant
First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was originally the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905 the value E, the min...
What is frequency also known as in science?
What is frequency also known as in science?
[ "What is frequency also known as in science?" ]
{ "text": [ "f" ], "answer_start": [ 249 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-65102
5ad136b6645df0001a2d11b4
Renewable_energy_commercialization
The driving force behind voluntary green electricity within the EU are the liberalized electricity markets and the RES Directive. According to the directive the EU Member States must ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed and therefore a "guarantee of origin" must be issued (ar...
What states that EU Member States must not ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed?
What states that EU Member States must not ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed?
[ "What states that EU Member States must not ensure that the origin of electricity produced from renewables can be guaranteed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-17698
5ad22fe9d7d075001a4286a5
Spectre_(2015_film)
Filming temporarily returned to England to shoot scenes at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire, which stood in for a location in Rome, before moving on to the city itself for a five-week shoot across the city, with locations including the Ponte Sisto bridge and the Roman Forum. The production faced opposition from a variety...
The production faced support from a variety of what authorities?
The production faced support from a variety of what authorities?
[ "The production faced support from a variety of what authorities?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-16320
57317a26a5e9cc1400cdbfaf
Muammar_Gaddafi
As part of this Popular Revolution, Gaddafi invited Libya's people to found General People's Committees as conduits for raising political consciousness. Although offering little guidance for how to set up these councils, Gaddafi claimed that they would offer a form of direct political participation that was more democr...
What were the Libyan people instructed to create in conjunction with the Popular Revolution?
What were the Libyan people instructed to create in conjunction with the Popular Revolution?
[ "What were the Libyan people instructed to create in conjunction with the Popular Revolution?" ]
{ "text": [ "General People's Committees" ], "answer_start": [ 76 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-36105
5a73890b53a187001ae63236
Comcast
Comcast was given an "F" for its corporate governance practices in 2010, by Corporate Library, an independent shareholder-research organization. According to Corporate Library, Comcast's board of directors ability to oversee and control management was severely compromised (at least in 2010) by the fact that several of ...
What rating was the Corporate Library given?
What rating was the Corporate Library given?
[ "What rating was the Corporate Library given? " ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-111362
5731ea07b9d445190005e67c
Religion_in_ancient_Rome
Funeral and commemorative rites varied according to wealth, status and religious context. In Cicero's time, the better-off sacrificed a sow at the funeral pyre before cremation. The dead consumed their portion in the flames of the pyre, Ceres her portion through the flame of her altar, and the family at the site of the...
What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead?
What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead?
[ "What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead? " ]
{ "text": [ "Parentalia" ], "answer_start": [ 940 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-53114
5706bbd02eaba6190074acb5
Bird_migration
Migrating birds can lose their way and appear outside their normal ranges. This can be due to flying past their destinations as in the "spring overshoot" in which birds returning to their breeding areas overshoot and end up further north than intended. Certain areas, because of their location, have become famous as wat...
What is flying past their destinations called?
What is flying past their destinations called?
[ "What is flying past their destinations called?" ]
{ "text": [ "spring overshoot" ], "answer_start": [ 136 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-66706
5727891b708984140094e033
Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
On the next day, December 18, protests turned into civil unrest as clashes between troops, volunteers, militia units, and Kazakh students turned into a wide-scale confrontation. The clashes could only be controlled on the third day. The Almaty events were followed by smaller protests and demonstrations in Shymkent, Pav...
What were the attendance estimates from non governmental groups?
What were the attendance estimates from non governmental groups?
[ "What were the attendance estimates from non governmental groups?" ]
{ "text": [ "30,000 to 40,000" ], "answer_start": [ 467 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109587
5728f0992ca10214002daae7
Samurai
During the Tokugawa shogunate, samurai increasingly became courtiers, bureaucrats, and administrators rather than warriors. With no warfare since the early 17th century, samurai gradually lost their military function during the Tokugawa era (also called the Edo period). By the end of the Tokugawa era, samurai were aris...
What was the samurai's long sword called?
What was the samurai's long sword called?
[ "What was the samurai's long sword called?" ]
{ "text": [ "katana" ], "answer_start": [ 429 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-64949
57294646af94a219006aa23f
Renewable_energy_commercialization
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation – 3,427 terawatt-hours...
What is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower?
What is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower?
[ "What is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower?" ]
{ "text": [ "Hydroelectricity" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-101537
56d4c4bd2ccc5a1400d8320e
Dog
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has power...
What species shows more difference in size, looks and actions than any other?
What species shows more difference in size, looks and actions than any other?
[ "What species shows more difference in size, looks and actions than any other?" ]
{ "text": [ "Modern dog breeds" ], "answer_start": [ 125 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-19141
5733f6204776f419006615cb
Premier_League
The Premier League distributes a portion of its television revenue to clubs that are relegated from the league in the form of "parachute payments". Starting with the 2013–14 season, these payments are in excess of £60 million over four seasons. Though designed to help teams adjust to the loss of television revenues (th...
What is said to widen between clubs who reach the Premier League and those who do not thanks to parachute payments?
What is said to widen between clubs who reach the Premier League and those who do not thanks to parachute payments?
[ "What is said to widen between clubs who reach the Premier League and those who do not thanks to parachute payments?" ]
{ "text": [ "the gap" ], "answer_start": [ 495 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-26519
5731934705b4da19006bd2dc
University
Although the structural model provided by the University of Paris, where student members are controlled by faculty "masters," provided a standard for universities, the application of this model took at least three different forms. There were universities that had a system of faculties whose teaching addressed a very sp...
How many styles did the University of Paris model end up taking when applied to other universities?
How many styles did the University of Paris model end up taking when applied to other universities?
[ "How many styles did the University of Paris model end up taking when applied to other universities?" ]
{ "text": [ "at least three" ], "answer_start": [ 199 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-9359
570e718c0dc6ce1900205079
Order_of_the_British_Empire
The Order is limited to 300 Knights and Dames Grand Cross, 845 Knights and Dames Commander, and 8,960 Commanders. There are no limits applied to the total number of members of the fourth and fifth classes, but no more than 858 Officers and 1,464 Members may be appointed per year. Foreign recipients, as honorary members...
Who has the highest numbers of the British Orders of Chivalry?
Who has the highest numbers of the British Orders of Chivalry?
[ "Who has the highest numbers of the British Orders of Chivalry?" ]
{ "text": [ "Order of the British Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 412 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-25003
56cff757234ae51400d9c19b
New_York_City
Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013. In October 2014, the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion, making it the world's most expensive hotel ever sold.
Who bought the Waldorf Astoria hotel in NYC in 2014?
Who bought the Waldorf Astoria hotel in NYC in 2014?
[ "Who bought the Waldorf Astoria hotel in NYC in 2014?" ]
{ "text": [ "Anbang Insurance Group" ], "answer_start": [ 130 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-4693
5729604faf94a219006aa341
Green
The modern English word green comes from the Middle English and Anglo-Saxon word grene, from the same Germanic root as the words "grass" and "grow". It is the color of living grass and leaves and as a result is the color most associated with springtime, growth and nature. By far the largest contributor to green in natu...
What, in nature, is most likely to make things green?
What, in nature, is most likely to make things green?
[ "What, in nature, is most likely to make things green?" ]
{ "text": [ "chlorophyll" ], "answer_start": [ 326 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-24952
56cff221234ae51400d9c140
New_York_City
Chocolate is New York City's leading specialty-food export, with up to US$234 million worth of exports each year. Entrepreneurs were forming a "Chocolate District" in Brooklyn as of 2014, while Godiva, one of the world's largest chocolatiers, continues to be headquartered in Manhattan.
Which one of the world's largest chocolate makers is stationed in Manhattan?
Which one of the world's largest chocolate makers is stationed in Manhattan?
[ "Which one of the world's largest chocolate makers is stationed in Manhattan?" ]
{ "text": [ "Godiva" ], "answer_start": [ 194 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102105
5a516e40ce860b001aa3fdab
States_of_Germany
The Districts of Germany (Kreise) are administrative districts, and every state except the city-states of Berlin, Hamburg, and Bremen consists of "rural districts" (Landkreise), District-free Towns/Cities (Kreisfreie Städte, in Baden-Württemberg also called "urban districts", or Stadtkreise), cities that are districts ...
What are Berlin and Humburg not considered to be, because they are states?
What are Berlin and Humburg not considered to be, because they are states?
[ "What are Berlin and Humburg not considered to be, because they are states?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-82474
56e74de737bdd419002c3e47
Daylight_saving_time
The history of time in the United States includes DST during both world wars, but no standardization of peacetime DST until 1966. In May 1965, for two weeks, St. Paul, Minnesota and Minneapolis, Minnesota were on different times, when the capital city decided to join most of the nation by starting Daylight Saving Time ...
What month and year were two neighboring cities in Minnesota on different time schedules?
What month and year were two neighboring cities in Minnesota on different time schedules?
[ "What month and year were two neighboring cities in Minnesota on different time schedules?" ]
{ "text": [ "May 1965" ], "answer_start": [ 133 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-86136
57302410947a6a140053d178
Tucson,_Arizona
Southeast Tucson continues to experience rapid residential development. The area includes Davis-Monthan Air Force Base. The area is considered to be south of Golf Links Road. It is the home of Santa Rita High School, Chuck Ford Park (Lakeside Park), Lakeside Lake, Lincoln Park (upper and lower), The Lakecrest Neighborh...
What is the name of the High School in the area of Southeast Tuscon?
What is the name of the High School in the area of Southeast Tuscon?
[ "What is the name of the High School in the area of Southeast Tuscon?" ]
{ "text": [ "Santa Rita High School" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-85096
5727722af1498d1400e8f858
Supreme_court
However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the...
What kinds of governed nations may not have a specific, individual high court?
What kinds of governed nations may not have a specific, individual high court?
[ "What kinds of governed nations may not have a specific, individual high court?" ]
{ "text": [ "Civil law states" ], "answer_start": [ 51 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-57377
57300707947a6a140053cf92
Muslim_world
Several Muslim countries like Turkey and Iran exhibit high scientific publication. Some countries have tried to encourage scientific research. In Pakistan, establishment of the Higher Education Commission in 2002, resulted in a 5-fold increase in the number of PhDs and a 10-fold increase in the number of scientific res...
How many universities were in Pakistan in 2001?
How many universities were in Pakistan in 2001?
[ "How many universities were in Pakistan in 2001?" ]
{ "text": [ "115" ], "answer_start": [ 399 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-55000
5a396d042f14dd001ac72326
Everton_F.C.
On matchdays, in a tradition going back to 1962, players walk out to the theme tune to Z-Cars, named "Johnny Todd", a traditional Liverpool children's song collected in 1890 by Frank Kidson which tells the story of a sailor betrayed by his lover while away at sea, although on two separate occasions in the 1994, they ra...
In what year was "Get Ready For This" released?
In what year was "Get Ready For This" released?
[ "In what year was \"Get Ready For This\" released?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-16559
572a38cb1d04691400779866
Friedrich_Hayek
In 1984, he was appointed a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour by Queen Elizabeth II on the advice of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his "services to the study of economics". He was the first recipient of the Hanns Martin Schleyer Prize in 1984. He also received the US Presidential Medal of Freedom i...
Who awarded Hayek the Medal of Freedom?
Who awarded Hayek the Medal of Freedom?
[ "Who awarded Hayek the Medal of Freedom?" ]
{ "text": [ "President George H. W. Bush" ], "answer_start": [ 332 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-733
56df6d765ca0a614008f9a0e
Plymouth
Plymouth has a post-war shopping area in the city centre with substantial pedestrianisation. At the west end of the zone inside a grade II listed building is the Pannier Market that was completed in 1959 – pannier meaning "basket" from French, so it translates as "basket market". In terms of retail floorspace, Plymouth...
In what year was Pannier Market finished?
In what year was Pannier Market finished?
[ "In what year was Pannier Market finished?" ]
{ "text": [ "1959" ], "answer_start": [ 199 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-88023
5a3c6421cc5d22001a521da0
God
There is no clear consensus on the nature or even the existence of God. The Abrahamic conceptions of God include the monotheistic definition of God in Judaism, the trinitarian view of Christians, and the Islamic concept of God. The dharmic religions differ in their view of the divine: views of God in Hinduism vary by r...
How is the concept of God handled in dharmic religions?
How is the concept of God handled in dharmic religions?
[ "How is the concept of God handled in dharmic religions?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-71460
5727e0032ca10214002d988a
Oklahoma
The state is among the best in pre-kindergarten education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for early childhood schooling. High school dropout rate decreased...
What percent of Oklahomans have graduated high school?
What percent of Oklahomans have graduated high school?
[ "What percent of Oklahomans have graduated high school?" ]
{ "text": [ "85.2 percent" ], "answer_start": [ 563 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-65122
5729734f6aef051400154efe
Renewable_energy_commercialization
As of 2012, renewable energy plays a major role in the energy mix of many countries globally. Renewables are becoming increasingly economic in both developing and developed countries. Prices for renewable energy technologies, primarily wind power and solar power, continued to drop, making renewables competitive with co...
As of 2012, prices for what commodity continued to drop?
As of 2012, prices for what commodity continued to drop?
[ "As of 2012, prices for what commodity continued to drop?" ]
{ "text": [ "renewable energy technologies" ], "answer_start": [ 195 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-14283
572ec4e8dfa6aa1500f8d374
Han_dynasty
In 121 BC, Han forces expelled the Xiongnu from a vast territory spanning the Hexi Corridor to Lop Nur. They repelled a joint Xiongnu-Qiang invasion of this northwestern territory in 111 BC. In that year, the Han court established four new frontier commanderies in this region: Jiuquan, Zhangyi, Dunhuang, and Wuwei. The...
Who forced peasant farmers to move to new settlements?
Who forced peasant farmers to move to new settlements?
[ "Who forced peasant farmers to move to new settlements?" ]
{ "text": [ "the court" ], "answer_start": [ 384 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-47811
57269a18dd62a815002e8ac6
Napoleon
After Austerlitz, Napoleon established the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806. A collection of German states intended to serve as a buffer zone between France and Central Europe, the creation of the Confederation spelled the end of the Holy Roman Empire and significantly alarmed the Prussians. The brazen reorganization...
What is the name of the political body composed of German states established by Napoleon in 1806?
What is the name of the political body composed of German states established by Napoleon in 1806?
[ "What is the name of the political body composed of German states established by Napoleon in 1806?" ]
{ "text": [ "the Confederation of the Rhine" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-47566
572fcf08a23a5019007fca1c
Armenia
Like other newly independent states of the former Soviet Union, Armenia's economy suffers from the breakdown of former Soviet trading patterns. Soviet investment in and support of Armenian industry has virtually disappeared, so that few major enterprises are still able to function. In addition, the effects of the 1988 ...
When was the Spitak earthquake?
When was the Spitak earthquake?
[ "When was the Spitak earthquake?" ]
{ "text": [ "1988" ], "answer_start": [ 315 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-57727
572ec9a7cb0c0d14000f156f
Quran
The first fully attested complete translations of the Quran were done between the 10th and 12th centuries in Persian. The Samanid king, Mansur I (961-976), ordered a group of scholars from Khorasan to translate the Tafsir al-Tabari, originally in Arabic, into Persian. Later in the 11th century, one of the students of A...
Who wrote a Persian translation of the Quran in the 12th century?
Who wrote a Persian translation of the Quran in the 12th century?
[ "Who wrote a Persian translation of the Quran in the 12th century?" ]
{ "text": [ "Najm al-Din Abu Hafs al-Nasafi" ], "answer_start": [ 419 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-62183
5726856d708984140094c8d0
Chicago_Cubs
Before signing a developmental agreement with the Kane County Cougars in 2012, the Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with the Peoria Chiefs (1985–1995 and 2004–2012). Ryne Sandberg managed the Chiefs from 2006 to 2010. In the period between those associations with the Chiefs the club had affi...
The Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with who?
The Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with who?
[ "The Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with who?" ]
{ "text": [ "Peoria Chiefs" ], "answer_start": [ 153 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-56341
5a458cd019a820001a1edaad
Nonprofit_organization
Many nonprofit organizations find it difficult to create consistent messaging that resonates with their various stakeholders as marketing budgets are minimal or nonexistent. Marketing is in many cases a taboo word that NPOs or others don't like to associate with such community benefit organizations. There are strategic...
What is strategy considered in many cases by NPO's?
What is strategy considered in many cases by NPO's?
[ "What is strategy considered in many cases by NPO's?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-30210
5acd56cc07355d001abf3dc3
Raleigh,_North_Carolina
Midtown Raleigh is a residential and commercial area just North of the I-440 Beltline and is part of North Raleigh. It is roughly framed by Glenwood/Creedmoor Road to the West, Wake Forest Road to the East, and Millbrook Road to the North. It includes shopping centers such as North Hills and Crabtree Valley Mall. It al...
When was the Midtown Raleigh Alliance dissolved?
When was the Midtown Raleigh Alliance dissolved?
[ "When was the Midtown Raleigh Alliance dissolved?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102268
5ad3b065604f3c001a3feca0
High-definition_television
In addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS). Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel.
Which country had successful public analog SDTV broadcasting?
Which country had successful public analog SDTV broadcasting?
[ " Which country had successful public analog SDTV broadcasting?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-52958
5705f3a375f01819005e77c2
Bird_migration
Bewick then describes an experiment which succeeded in keeping swallows alive in Britain for several years, where they remained warm and dry through the winters. He concludes:
Who describes an experiment with swallows?
Who describes an experiment with swallows?
[ "Who describes an experiment with swallows?" ]
{ "text": [ "Bewick" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-60817
570b1e506b8089140040f734
Gregorian_calendar
Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes. The start of the fiscal year was eventually fixed at 1 March and the year number was roughly equivalent to the Hegira year (see Rumi calendar). As the solar year is longer than the...
Where did Turkey start the fiscal year?
Where did Turkey start the fiscal year?
[ "Where did Turkey start the fiscal year?" ]
{ "text": [ "1 March" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-26616
57319e32e99e3014001e618b
University
A national university is generally a university created or run by a national state but at the same time represents a state autonomic institution which functions as a completely independent body inside of the same state. Some national universities are closely associated with national cultural or political aspirations, f...
What was the result of the University Revolution in Argentina?
What was the result of the University Revolution in Argentina?
[ "What was the result of the University Revolution in Argentina?" ]
{ "text": [ "Reforms" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-9645
5725d86e89a1e219009abfa0
Montevideo
In Montevideo, as throughout the Rio de Plata region, the most popular forms of music are tango, milonga and vals criollo. Many notable songs originated in Montevideo including "El Tango supremo", La Cumparsita", La Milonga", "La Puñalada" and "Desde el Alma", composed by notable Montevideo musicians such as Gerardo Ma...
Tango, milonga and vals criollo are the most popular forms of music in what region?
Tango, milonga and vals criollo are the most popular forms of music in what region?
[ "Tango, milonga and vals criollo are the most popular forms of music in what region?" ]
{ "text": [ "Rio de Plata region" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-18393
5ad0daad645df0001a2d06c6
Eritrea
Football and cycling are the most popular sports in Eritrea. In recent years, Eritrean athletes have also seen increasing success in the international arena. Zersenay Tadese, an Eritrean athlete, currently holds the world record in half marathon distance running. The Tour of Eritrea, a multi-stage international cycling...
Who won the 2012 Vuelta a Espana?
Who won the 2012 Vuelta a Espana?
[ "Who won the 2012 Vuelta a Espana?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-43289
5a8610bfb4e223001a8e743c
Poultry
Poultry is the second most widely eaten type of meat in the world, accounting for about 30% of total meat production worldwide compared to pork at 38%. Sixteen billion birds are raised annually for consumption, more than half of these in industrialised, factory-like production units. Global broiler meat production rose...
What country has never had poultry before?
What country has never had poultry before?
[ "What country has never had poultry before?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-65557
5727cc3a3acd2414000deca2
Detroit
Precipitation is moderate and somewhat evenly distributed throughout the year, although the warmer months such as May and June average more, averaging 33.5 inches (850 mm) annually, but historically ranging from 20.49 in (520 mm) in 1963 to 47.70 in (1,212 mm) in 2011. Snowfall, which typically falls in measurable amou...
How many inches of snow does Detroit get on average?
How many inches of snow does Detroit get on average?
[ "How many inches of snow does Detroit get on average?" ]
{ "text": [ "42.5" ], "answer_start": [ 419 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-82894
56e07ca67aa994140058e566
Saint_Helena
A minibus offers a basic service to carry people around Saint Helena, with most services designed to take people into Jamestown for a few hours on weekdays to conduct their business. Car hire is available for visitors.
On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?
On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?
[ "On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?" ]
{ "text": [ "weekdays" ], "answer_start": [ 147 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-7774
56de03d64396321400ee254e
Iranian_languages
What is known in Iranian linguistic history as the "Middle Iranian" era is thought to begin around the 4th century BCE lasting through the 9th century. Linguistically the Middle Iranian languages are conventionally classified into two main groups, Western and Eastern.
What are the two main divisions of Middle Iranian?
What are the two main divisions of Middle Iranian?
[ "What are the two main divisions of Middle Iranian?" ]
{ "text": [ "Western and Eastern" ], "answer_start": [ 248 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-88473
56db2ce6e7c41114004b4ec1
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay
Sultanate of Oman: Muscat was the torch's only stop in the Middle East, on April 14. The relay covered 20 km. No protests or incidents were reported. One of the torchbearers was Syrian actress Sulaf Fawakherji.
What is the name of the Syrian actress who was one to bear the torch?
What is the name of the Syrian actress who was one to bear the torch?
[ "What is the name of the Syrian actress who was one to bear the torch?" ]
{ "text": [ "Sulaf Fawakherji." ], "answer_start": [ 195 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-20899
56dd2ff966d3e219004dac33
Prime_minister
Appointment of the prime minister of France requires no approval by the parliament either, but the parliament may force the resignation of the government. In these systems, it is possible for the president and the prime minister to be from different political parties if the legislature is controlled by a party differen...
What is the term for a situation in which the president and prime minister come from different political parties?
What is the term for a situation in which the president and prime minister come from different political parties?
[ "What is the term for a situation in which the president and prime minister come from different political parties?" ]
{ "text": [ "cohabitation" ], "answer_start": [ 428 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-74636
570c38b26b8089140040fc40
Melbourne
With the gold rush largely over by 1860, Melbourne continued to grow on the back of continuing gold mining, as the major port for exporting the agricultural products of Victoria, especially wool, and a developing manufacturing sector protected by high tariffs. An extensive radial railway network centred on Melbourne an...
When was the gold rush over in Melbourne?
When was the gold rush over in Melbourne?
[ "When was the gold rush over in Melbourne?" ]
{ "text": [ "1860" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-116297
573403a24776f419006616f0
Punjab,_Pakistan
The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ...
When are urs held?
When are urs held?
[ "When are urs held?" ]
{ "text": [ "the death anniversary of the saint" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-19342
5727c6252ca10214002d9603
Rule_of_law
The "formal" interpretation is more widespread than the "substantive" interpretation. Formalists hold that the law must be prospective, well-known, and have characteristics of generality, equality, and certainty. Other than that, the formal view contains no requirements as to the content of the law. This formal approac...
How many requirements for content are there for the rule of law under the formalist approach?
How many requirements for content are there for the rule of law under the formalist approach?
[ "How many requirements for content are there for the rule of law under the formalist approach?" ]
{ "text": [ "no requirements" ], "answer_start": [ 255 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-62539
57291e76af94a219006aa0a2
Software_testing
Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of software according to the applicable requirements. This level of testing usually requires thorough test cases to be provided to the tester, who then can simply verify that for a given input, the output value (or behavior), either "is" or "is not" the same as...
What are the test cases built around?
What are the test cases built around?
[ "What are the test cases built around?" ]
{ "text": [ "specifications and requirements" ], "answer_start": [ 396 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-5256
56e1753fcd28a01900c6796b
Boston
With nearly a third of Bostonians using public transit for their commute to work, Boston has the fifth-highest rate of public transit usage in the country. Boston's subway system, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA—known as the "T") operates the oldest underground rapid transit system in the Americas,...
How long is bostons subway system?
How long is bostons subway system?
[ "How long is bostons subway system?" ]
{ "text": [ "65.5 miles" ], "answer_start": [ 389 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-20575
56ce88c8aab44d1400b8884a
IPod
The third generation began including a 30-pin dock connector, allowing for FireWire or USB connectivity. This provided better compatibility with non-Apple machines, as most of them did not have FireWire ports at the time. Eventually Apple began shipping iPods with USB cables instead of FireWire, although the latter was...
Which model of iPod combined the headphone jack and data port?
Which model of iPod combined the headphone jack and data port?
[ "Which model of iPod combined the headphone jack and data port?" ]
{ "text": [ "Shuffle" ], "answer_start": [ 749 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-10004
572824982ca10214002d9ee2
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser
Nasser's regional position changed unexpectedly when Yemeni officers led by Nasser supporter Abdullah al-Sallal overthrew Imam Badr of North Yemen on 27 September 1962. Al-Badr and his tribal partisans began receiving increasing support from Saudi Arabia to help reinstate the kingdom, while Nasser subsequently accepted...
Which side of the civil war did Nasser side with?
Which side of the civil war did Nasser side with?
[ "Which side of the civil war did Nasser side with?" ]
{ "text": [ "the new government" ], "answer_start": [ 359 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103657
5a3bf619cc5d22001a521c5c
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decre...
How many Kursenieki were there in the areas around the Curonian lagoon?
How many Kursenieki were there in the areas around the Curonian lagoon?
[ "How many Kursenieki were there in the areas around the Curonian lagoon?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }