id
string
question
string
choices
list
answer_key
string
source
string
49c7192a-6910-4fe6-ada1-684ffca58cae
Shedding of dead cells ensures constant renewal of what outer layer of the skin?
[ "cuticle", "epidermis", "scale", "dermis" ]
epidermis
sciq
90cdfd33-7ee4-43fd-a184-79ac10fafdbf
What causes cumulus clouds to grow upward?
[ "mantle currents", "moisture currents", "gas currents", "convection currents" ]
convection currents
sciq
b81f565b-dfba-4a84-a54d-aff8551494d6
What term is used to describe a region getting significantly less precipitation than normal for an extended period of time?
[ "flood", "dog days", "doldrums", "drought" ]
drought
sciq
5847cdb0-539d-4149-a438-a160dc02cb3a
What is the name for compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen?
[ "carbohydrates", "hydrocarbons", "carbides", "particles" ]
hydrocarbons
sciq
f7a78a2e-c66e-4eed-a7ac-ffac64caa144
What human disease is caused by a defective enzyme that is unable to produce melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of skin and hair?
[ "mutations", "hemophilia", "anemia", "albinism" ]
albinism
sciq
9ffb6209-e244-4cb4-8fcd-cf69a24ff72e
Individuals with sickle cell anemia have crescent-shaped what?
[ "white blood cells", "red blood cells", "glial cells", "nerve cells" ]
red blood cells
sciq
a41043d5-d0aa-4d13-b0c1-c180aba63bf7
Nearly all weather occurs in the lower part of what?
[ "the mesosphere", "the ionosphere", "the lithosphere", "the atmosphere" ]
the atmosphere
sciq
7a581ea7-2ea9-4676-ad3e-a177eaa9578d
For skeletal development, the most common template is what?
[ "collagen", "membrane", "cartilage", "calcium" ]
cartilage
sciq
3d620203-3bd2-4781-9aa0-00e3894e06d8
The body's second line of defense against pathogens includes which response?
[ "blood", "reaction", "anxiety", "inflammatory" ]
inflammatory
sciq
bc5e8219-966b-4d6c-8529-c904d22a5fc3
Hiv is a retrovirus, which means it reverse transcribes its rna genome into what?
[ "ribosomes", "dna", "amino acid chains", "atp" ]
dna
sciq
34c33e3b-c3d1-4e65-a903-43de24b6b32e
Plants can tell the time of day and time of year by sensing and using various wavelengths of what
[ "moisture", "sunlight", "precipitation", "lunar cycles" ]
sunlight
sciq
04d2ae30-6181-4539-a48d-65067e3950ce
In eukaryotes, the major mechanism for shuffling genes is what?
[ "asexual reproduction", "sexual reproduction", "suggesting reproduction", "subject reproduction" ]
sexual reproduction
sciq
0f43de48-23aa-4c06-8ed6-c652273c48ce
The vas deferens and ejaculatory ducts transport sperm from the epididymes to the urethra in what system?
[ "digestive system", "cardiovascular system", "famous reproductive system", "male reproductive system" ]
male reproductive system
sciq
5b5d2dd9-54eb-4a4e-a25c-bd3f1e3d83e3
What do nearly all animals have in common with regards to digestion?
[ "external digestion of food", "problematic digestion of food", "internal digestion of food", "complete digestion of food" ]
internal digestion of food
sciq
d9166895-8e4a-42da-96fa-be648009b27c
What are the secretions released by the endocrine glands called?
[ "acids", "fluids", "hormones", "enzymes" ]
hormones
sciq
7567fda2-0656-4058-8ad7-96b5f084cf28
What are chromosomes in the same pair called?
[ "homogeneous chromosomes", "regulated chromosomes", "homologous chromosomes", "reversible chromosomes" ]
homologous chromosomes
sciq
9acbcbdd-4b9f-4246-8376-102cb32a222a
What do you call plastids that contain the green pigment chlorophyll?
[ "chloroplasts", "Leucoplasts", "Chromoplasts", "Gerontoplasts" ]
chloroplasts
sciq
9680d01b-f215-47f8-a3f1-e9b5cd86c47e
What important and unusual physical property (for birds) do ostriches and penguins share?
[ "flightlessness", "webbed feet", "bonelessness", "waterproofness" ]
flightlessness
sciq
3aadcc43-638c-4b89-b150-ae20f557d53d
What are changes in membrane potential that vary continuously with the strength of a stimulus are known as?
[ "reverse potentials", "graded potentials", "variable potentials", "kinetic energy" ]
graded potentials
sciq
1fb30696-4ffc-4ec4-b082-186635b5e8a0
The moon has a crust, mantle, and a?
[ "magnetic field", "mountain range", "ice cap", "core" ]
core
sciq
a694aea8-e50c-4fa8-93ff-2ed04fb0f54c
What type of coal is formed at lower temperatures?
[ "bituminous", "limestones", "calcareous", "clean" ]
bituminous
sciq
e5205ef5-8d58-404c-a568-64b1fa47d6f1
What can sodium ions not pass through?
[ "nonpolar lipid bilayer", "benthic lipid bilayer", "narrowness lipid bilayer", "Lipid Control" ]
nonpolar lipid bilayer
sciq
4aae4af5-5c4d-4ea3-af19-edd067a80c18
What happens when the kidneys cannot remove wastes from the blood?
[ "intestinal failure", "tissue failure", "kidney failure", "choanocyte failure" ]
kidney failure
sciq
9a5004b9-a60f-489a-a2d9-1f2fc2fb7930
What is another name for nearsightedness?
[ "myopia", "hyperopia", "presbyopia", "astigmatism" ]
myopia
sciq
ea2f0d5c-afcf-41bd-a4c3-057aa4d4ab8c
What is the innermost layer of the sun called?
[ "Convection Zone", "Chromosphere", "Photosphere", "the core" ]
the core
sciq
5b8a4465-f302-42b2-9c75-4c27219afae3
What device is used to study charge?
[ "electroscope", "nannostomus", "microscope", "microtome" ]
electroscope
sciq
4e7d021e-0696-4f99-ac7d-025792e6bde3
What term is used to describe large numbers of species that go extinct in a short amount of time?
[ "species extinction", "mass extinction", "organic extinction", "formation extinction" ]
mass extinction
sciq
4e407489-7e78-4722-b3c6-2a9ea8ef2c31
What is the tiny male gametophyte enclosed in a tough capsule?
[ "Cell Capsule", "pollen", "calcium", "nitrogen" ]
pollen
sciq
dff949d5-2596-4137-b853-a31db915fddc
When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, the reaction bubbles vigorously as which type of gas is produced?
[ "nitrogen", "hydrogren", "oxygen", "chlorine" ]
hydrogren
sciq
1ac590e9-3274-4547-b427-35141f5f3c85
Structural adaptations in flying animals often contribute to reduced what?
[ "eyesight", "respiration", "blood flow", "body mass" ]
body mass
sciq
b78d5c14-1402-4614-8584-6ca130cb2597
What diagram is used to reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms or groups of organisms?
[ "relationships tree", "biodiversity tree", "phylogenetic tree", "conceptual tree" ]
phylogenetic tree
sciq
4b05898c-4929-4d1b-ab60-84e8687dd4df
What is the energy called that is stored in matter?
[ "possible", "potential", "stored energy", "mechanical" ]
potential
sciq
c44ff449-753f-4287-b4df-3ab46452f6dc
What is the term for traits that show wide variation, such as height, skin color, and eye color?
[ "recessive traits", "maladaptive traits", "polygenic traits", "inherited traits" ]
polygenic traits
sciq
0780ce07-7697-4367-a9d0-709bc899c491
Which system in the human body consists of the heart, a network of blood vessels, and blood?
[ "nervous system", "cardiac system", "cardiovascular system", "circulatory system" ]
cardiovascular system
sciq
aec85b9c-63ef-492b-b675-fa2921255214
Volume is another way of measuring what?
[ "length", "height", "material", "weight" ]
material
sciq
ad903b57-bdda-4440-8745-18f4ef8a99d5
What do you call a science that aims to find solutions to practical problems?
[ "evolved science", "applied experience", "experimental science", "applied science" ]
applied science
sciq
077ba2a4-ce64-4267-9b4b-9c8462651212
What term describes weathering that occurs as water expands when it freezes, wedging apart rock?
[ "mechanical weathering", "cleavage", "erosion", "chemical weathering" ]
mechanical weathering
sciq
22ddd4c2-52bb-468c-aee8-f88e395fb952
How many pairs of chromosomes are found in human cells?
[ "24", "25", "13", "23" ]
23
sciq
31179eec-eb84-4ed5-9761-0f6094f338bb
An aqueous solution is a homogeneous mixture in which the most abundant component is what?
[ "water", "blood", "oxygen", "air" ]
water
sciq
b4ec0c89-fbf9-4ff1-b565-6bf21f258e5c
What happens to light when it reflects from a rough surface?
[ "becomes isolated", "gets diffused", "reflects", "becomes concentrated" ]
gets diffused
sciq
bcd92825-9209-47ab-99cf-4ea2b93971be
Isothermal expansion is a process occurring without a change in?
[ "temperature", "variation", "precipitation", "weight" ]
temperature
sciq
9f4b2ae2-6e5f-4b00-a048-359341891455
Nearly all fish reproduce sexually and have what?
[ "modified sexes", "separate sexes", "flexible sexes", "single sexes" ]
separate sexes
sciq
ef97f263-1381-41bc-a654-3da5d595cc7b
Cilia and flagella are generally associated with what function in organisms, whether the function is internal or external?
[ "digestion", "reproduction", "sight", "movement" ]
movement
sciq
1d13c652-ed36-4bf2-912a-b755aef42fd0
Do particles collide more in two reactants when they are both in fluid forms or solid forms?
[ "fluid", "plasma", "neither", "solid" ]
fluid
sciq
29645c90-26b1-4de7-9c48-976c53adce7d
The process of moving from areas of high amounts to areas of low amounts is called what?
[ "diffusion", "deposition", "filtration", "transfer" ]
diffusion
sciq
95964a98-a6f5-40ee-b4d0-d7c1f9fd9cdc
Vascular tissue allowed these plants to do what?
[ "have more flowers", "live shorter", "grow taller", "grow smaller" ]
grow taller
sciq
79593303-1de1-4f0f-b998-d50bbc901e39
What were the first forms of life on earth?
[ "eukaryotes", "aniryotes", "protists", "prokaryotes" ]
prokaryotes
sciq
6b636cf8-e863-4c2f-a964-9df09bd99c01
What warms the base of the mantle creating convection currents there?
[ "mantle soil", "molten lava", "the hot regenerate", "the hot core" ]
the hot core
sciq
a6f1bcf0-251e-42f4-be29-15e152c62eb6
What do we call an incorrect test result that should have been positive?
[ "personal negative", "false positive", "external positive", "false negative" ]
false negative
sciq
90da071e-621b-4245-9995-13bd0168f103
The conversion factor between solubility and molar solubility of a compound is known as what?
[ "mass effect", "molar mass", "molar value", "stochastic mass" ]
molar mass
sciq
8eedbf8e-802a-43e0-b549-d8e3c9850b68
What describes the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell?
[ "endocytosis", "exocytosis", "expulsion", "autolysis" ]
exocytosis
sciq
1a555a5a-2c12-4cc5-b58b-96a50c254309
Out of the four ways that allele frequencies of a population can be changed, which way is caused by individuals leaving or joining the population?
[ "spontaneous mutation", "mass extinction", "gene flow", "Allopatric speciation" ]
gene flow
sciq
2abd0c51-8fb2-418e-b24d-3936187dcf4d
What kind of bond doesn't form molecules, but instead forms crystals?
[ "magnetic bonds", "covalent bonds", "ionic bonds", "electron bonds" ]
ionic bonds
sciq
68f04757-3ed8-4e84-ac75-f8800c286ebf
Where does the natural synthesis of lactose occur?
[ "nervous tissue", "mammary tissue", "liver tissue", "ovarian tissue" ]
mammary tissue
sciq
04690108-9153-4476-bd1a-b3b70f2c0791
The ratio between the radii of a wheel and axle determines what?
[ "theoretical mechanical advantage", "introduced mechanical advantage", "ideal mechanical advantage", "fundamental mechanical advantage" ]
ideal mechanical advantage
sciq
1f913aa0-1129-4864-bd19-5e443b872008
What is the first stage of cellular respiration called?
[ "glycolysis", "photosynthesis", "appetite", "reproduction" ]
glycolysis
sciq
340ddeff-3c80-4e15-a40e-e63246d4d0c5
Many species use their body shape and coloration to avoid being detected by what?
[ "predators", "males", "viruses", "biology" ]
predators
sciq
7a65f495-4f68-4d03-a5cf-ce82dc392f67
A reference point is used in measurement to make what?
[ "focal point", "deviation", "estimation", "regression" ]
estimation
sciq
eb93d6ac-19ec-44f0-aa91-3ec36cba7ad5
Why do adult herbivores in a herd surround their young?
[ "to show them love", "to protect them as they are vulnerable to predators", "to protect them from other adult herbivores", "to keep them warm on long cold nights" ]
to protect them as they are vulnerable to predators
sciq
e7740421-5220-424b-a946-e1277bdd12a7
When orders are sent from your brain to your legs, these signals pass through what type of cells?
[ "mobility cells", "skin cells", "molecules", "nerve cells" ]
nerve cells
sciq
716c0ab8-b648-4d69-9174-68037ed7703e
What is the leading cause of soil erosion?
[ "volcanic explosions", "running water", "tidal winds", "glacier movement" ]
running water
sciq
bd511af7-5a77-455f-aa0d-a4c8adee2fae
What class of organisms help decompose matter to release nutrients and make nutritious food for other organisms ?
[ "bacteria", "yeast", "coral", "fungi" ]
fungi
sciq
0f3d5bb2-90a1-454a-8666-65af21e999c3
A pedigree is a chart which shows the inheritance of a trait over several what?
[ "centuries", "events", "organisms", "generations" ]
generations
sciq
c9f854ad-cac6-459f-900f-d48e1e433334
The release of calcium ions initiates what?
[ "cramps", "muscle contractions", "spasms", "exhalation" ]
muscle contractions
sciq
7e04a06e-871a-46fb-a5de-2cfa16ab78ee
The electron released during beta decay is not an orbital electron but an electron whose origin was where?
[ "orbiting the nucleus", "outside the nucleus", "connected to the nucleus", "in the nucleus" ]
in the nucleus
sciq
4454985f-1029-4e1f-9fd7-a2b997119866
What is created by the polymerization of glucose?
[ "methane", "cellulose", "glucose", "carbonate" ]
cellulose
sciq
1dcfa0d9-f778-4bb2-83a8-28245f75e790
Fungi reproduce asexually by fragmentation and either sexually or asexually via what lightweight, windblown structures?
[ "lesions", "ions", "spores", "seeds" ]
spores
sciq
9d354a7a-d522-490a-a6bd-7be74cf78c8e
The desire to understand how and why things happen is shared by all branches of what?
[ "society", "population", "science", "government" ]
science
sciq
916d9fb0-e5ed-41aa-9cd0-c51c16428a71
The scientific revolution took place where starting in the 1500s?
[ "south america", "africa", "north america", "europe" ]
europe
sciq
c40de6a7-8c4a-4f78-9040-4222ef5d1a63
Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between two oppositely charged what?
[ "gasses", "ions", "molecules", "compounds" ]
ions
sciq
7fd24f2b-708b-4655-9664-417dadb8e0bd
What is the theoretical event that began the universe often called?
[ "big bang", "string theory", "dark matter", "Coreolis effect" ]
big bang
sciq
17f7cc4a-9c07-4c55-aed3-15393ec7357f
In the cardiovascular system, net filtration pressure represents the interaction of osmotic pressures and what other pressures?
[ "hydrostatic", "homeostatic", "hydrophilic", "uptake" ]
hydrostatic
sciq
e3e92f06-8d2d-42a3-8f5f-538838018b93
What attracts the earth to the sun?
[ "gravity", "the moon", "weight", "light" ]
gravity
sciq
3144203d-1d99-4e61-b15b-73522f52200d
Fermat’s principle states that light will always take the path of least amount of?
[ "time", "energy", "momentum", "resistance" ]
time
sciq
e6ed8ab8-0c55-488d-af5b-8d353f1c8122
Many enzymes require nonprotein helpers for what activity?
[ "catalytic", "kinetic", "hydrogen", "functional" ]
catalytic
sciq
517ad795-c398-4b1d-b8d1-de685d3200ea
What is often a result of untreated atherosclerosis?
[ "cancer", "seizures", "heart disease", "a heart attack or stroke" ]
a heart attack or stroke
sciq
bf67b8ae-ea2b-4014-a72e-eeecc7e9998d
The hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by what?
[ "adrenal medulla", "external medulla", "nutrients medulla", "uptake medulla" ]
adrenal medulla
sciq
b53ae951-8c83-4315-84ff-757a874bea86
How many possible alleles do the majority of human genes have?
[ "two or less", "less than four", "three or more", "two or more" ]
two or more
sciq
b53fe575-ca9d-458e-89bc-7143a598447f
What occurs during the new moon and full moon, due to gravitational pull?
[ "spring waves", "spring floods", "spring tides", "spring storms" ]
spring tides
sciq
2bb16a14-d078-44ef-a7bb-62e57526fe53
Alleles that carry deadly diseases are usually which type?
[ "dominant", "inherited", "recessive", "predominant" ]
recessive
sciq
c73f4bf2-3a5b-4281-a60f-b297db08376f
What releases fatty acids and other components from fats and phospholipids?
[ "peristaltic hydrolysis", "metabolism", "enzyme respiration", "enzymatic hydrolysis" ]
enzymatic hydrolysis
sciq
d56f5d8d-514c-4584-9540-d14d8a1d507b
What kind of energy comes from the position of a charged particle in an electric field?
[ "solar energy", "potential energy", "mechanical energy", "thermal energy" ]
potential energy
sciq
6eb36b59-5a9a-44ad-8cfc-605935d83644
What does interstellar medium consist of?
[ "thinly spread gas and dust", "the strong force", "dark matter", "gravitational waves" ]
thinly spread gas and dust
sciq
58342d4b-c310-4593-b855-a82c833e1026
Sickle-cell disease significantly impairs the function of what?
[ "nervous system", "circulatory system", "limbic system", "metabolism system" ]
circulatory system
sciq
56e52483-41ec-42a6-a1da-087c6d975cb4
What is the enlarged tip of the penis called?
[ "glans penis", "angles penis", "testicular point", "outer penis" ]
glans penis
sciq
81771501-1c04-42eb-916e-deea85001020
What do you call the point at which the entire weight of a body may be considered to be concentrated?
[ "direction of gravity", "center of earth", "complex of gravity", "center of gravity" ]
center of gravity
sciq
e2704dd7-6149-41f9-8403-89db686a5db0
At how many places does points source pollution enter water?
[ "three", "one", "two", "four" ]
one
sciq
c6d10544-679a-42e9-bb80-5722026a4203
What do monarch butterfly larvae depend on for their food?
[ "honey", "pollen", "milkweeds", "seaweed" ]
milkweeds
sciq
a43231f3-4888-49da-8d82-411e966a4af8
As lava cools, tiny iron-rich crystals line up with earth’s what?
[ "magnetic field", "oceans", "gravitational field", "molecular field" ]
magnetic field
sciq
1136fae5-d29e-4d0a-9c5b-b094e85ac755
What do we call the amount of time a substance is stored in a reservoir?
[ "presence time", "residence time", "latency", "storage time" ]
residence time
sciq
8a5dbe3c-0b76-4614-a520-092cf4485460
Osmotic pressure is important in biological systems because cell walls are what?
[ "variably membranes", "theonym membranes", "impassable", "semipermeable membranes" ]
semipermeable membranes
sciq
3f6e3f12-5c15-4cfc-8da4-317a1c8af46d
When does the diploid zygote form?
[ "never", "before the haploid zygote", "after the pollen tube", "before the pollen tube" ]
after the pollen tube
sciq
d9b293f7-e414-4e91-853d-07c9ed070961
What is the minimum number of times a partial lunar eclipse will occur each year?
[ "two", "five", "six", "11" ]
two
sciq
c859da93-797c-460c-a3b6-ad74309cd611
Microscopes were first developed in the early 1600s by this trade?
[ "watch makers", "food makers", "eyeglass makers", "polyurethane makers" ]
eyeglass makers
sciq
4247fc45-f7c2-4df5-b96c-ee366ab0951b
What do we call the temperature at which a substance melts?
[ "melting point", "boiling point", "precipitation point", "evaporation point" ]
melting point
sciq
71e51ea2-0919-4128-a5e8-793dd7826fd9
What is the small, dense region at the center of the atom that consists of positive protons and neutral neutrons?
[ "nucleus", "electron", "photon", "proton" ]
nucleus
sciq
ee011076-8a60-4350-9c3c-4ff7c27d01b4
By multiplying the force applied by the perpendicular component of the moment arm,what is determined?
[ "pressure", "torques", "radiation", "intensities" ]
torques
sciq
1fdd9101-2df5-406d-938e-4898d7429db0
What carry messages from our sensory organs and others to the central nervous system?
[ "blood vessels", "valves", "nerves", "fibers" ]
nerves
sciq
468f75db-7db4-4c4b-9ad5-5caebd8d50a9
What do you call the space around a charged particle where the particle exerts electric force on other charged particles?
[ "electric field", "powered field", "charged field", "melodic field" ]
electric field
sciq
8fa73ce5-bc71-4c66-aedf-40dd4284fdc6
Natural convection is driven by what forces?
[ "gravitational", "magnetic", "buoyant", "thermal" ]
buoyant
sciq