id string | question string | choices list | answer_key string | source string |
|---|---|---|---|---|
22fef372-c042-4e3e-8e5f-4428cdb6e50f | In what stage of photosynthesis does the calvin cycle occur? | [
"first",
"fourth",
"third",
"second"
] | second | sciq |
017650a6-695c-4295-bc8d-bd4361bf7f4f | All of the planets rotate on their axes in the same direction that they move around the sun, except for which one? | [
"Jupiter",
"uranus",
"venus",
"Saturn"
] | uranus | sciq |
5ed7a2b8-1a3a-4111-b26f-227b0b4c9292 | What is the process by which organisms change in small ways over time? | [
"adaptation",
"spontaneous mutation",
"microevolution",
"natural selection"
] | microevolution | sciq |
95ed72d8-192f-4f56-b59c-9b68399b08e4 | What regulates the cell cycle only when they are tightly bound to cdks? | [
"cyclins",
"hormones",
"kinases",
"subclades"
] | cyclins | sciq |
9d53c4a2-02a0-4fbd-b98f-995b667ad372 | Einstein developed a theory about how electromagnetic radiation can behave as both a wave and what else? | [
"bacteria",
"energy",
"particle",
"sound"
] | particle | sciq |
bcba8df6-1bc9-4ba2-869b-82241f37f28f | What type of proteins are only temporarily associated with the membrane? | [
"sensitive rod proteins",
"visual membrane proteins",
"peripheral oxidation proteins",
"peripheral membrane proteins"
] | peripheral membrane proteins | sciq |
15515df5-29b0-4b15-9482-a70d526f567c | Which organisms break down either organic or inorganic molecules to supply energy for the cell? | [
"spicule organisms",
"photoreactive organisms",
"asexual organisms",
"chemotrophic organisms"
] | chemotrophic organisms | sciq |
46bac1d7-03a7-40dd-b7c8-4c9271f7ca6c | What are the things moving under the earth's mantle that move the crust? | [
"ridges",
"plates",
"lava channels",
"crystals"
] | plates | sciq |
8095fd8f-132f-42b4-8328-d0be0a7dab38 | Although they look like big rocks, what structures that serve as habitats for many different types of ocean life are actually alive? | [
"southern reefs",
"coral reefs",
"new forming reefs",
"natural reefs"
] | coral reefs | sciq |
e3dfed22-8eba-4ee3-b8a8-2f9a8ed7ae56 | What type of reactions are chemical reactions that release energy? | [
"biochemical reactions",
"ozonic reactions",
"exothermic reactions",
"sulfuric reactions"
] | exothermic reactions | sciq |
23e4cc48-72a8-400f-8c4a-7eb70920f3b7 | Fossil fuels and coal are examples of what kind of resources? | [
"valuable",
"reusable",
"nonrenewable",
"renewable"
] | nonrenewable | sciq |
a74a01a5-4feb-4c92-92b0-ea9878baf7f0 | What type of compound contains atoms of two or more different elements in its ring structure? | [
"heterocyclic",
"polymer",
"hydrocarbon",
"aldehyde"
] | heterocyclic | sciq |
6b02076a-0047-4a83-ab5c-bd9b18954e08 | What is formed when atoms of different elements combine in a chemical reaction? | [
"toxins",
"dust",
"compounds",
"crystals"
] | compounds | sciq |
5d5fa382-4e11-4d56-8665-2a168d15caef | What type of electricity is formed when a negative charge builds up and are transferred? | [
"static electricity",
"neutron energy",
"alternating current",
"direct current"
] | static electricity | sciq |
526b8a91-3e40-4bfb-ba69-472f048531f0 | What important liquid is stored throughout the earth in the oceans, underground, and in ice? | [
"water",
"lava",
"oil",
"air"
] | water | sciq |
99536959-b991-44f2-8a4e-7fbc0fe5c2c1 | What results when a warm air mass runs into a cold air mass? | [
"cool front",
"rough front",
"warm front",
"dry front"
] | warm front | sciq |
b5f98321-f9ed-414e-adf3-58f44a369182 | Which type of double bond has a sigma bond and a pi bond? | [
"sodium - oxygen bond",
"carbon-oxygen bond",
"dioxide - oxygen bond",
"Covalent Bonds"
] | carbon-oxygen bond | sciq |
8c660a89-c553-436a-8d4d-1a7a5e842fec | Has the average annual temperature on earth been rising or falling for the past 100 years? | [
"fluctuating",
"unchanged",
"falling",
"rising"
] | rising | sciq |
105a2bb7-7d08-4439-b129-af827b22e564 | The majoirty of modern gymnosperms belong to what group, which includes pine trees? | [
"stems",
"Pinophytes",
"clusters",
"conifers"
] | conifers | sciq |
49b3dc7b-2a28-4816-bec4-d8f0ebd714b3 | A circuit must be what in order for electric devices such as light bulbs to work? | [
"closed",
"cyclical",
"down",
"open"
] | closed | sciq |
c84d57db-cd0b-45e0-8e79-67c735fc8171 | What type of radiation from the sun reaches earth across space striking everything on earth’s surface? | [
"seismic",
"static",
"particle",
"electromagnetic"
] | electromagnetic | sciq |
01a57bc8-e0eb-4f7b-833e-4dea470db832 | What happens if a catalyst runs out? | [
"variety increases",
"variety slows",
"reaction increases",
"reaction slows"
] | reaction slows | sciq |
a7d20719-38df-46f2-811d-19932d524103 | What type of mammals are humans? | [
"placental mammals",
"respiratory mammals",
"somatic mammals",
"marsupial mammals"
] | placental mammals | sciq |
e2cd417d-f420-4008-aa4e-187f085add4b | The shape of the path of an object undergoing projectile motion in two dimensions is a what? | [
"circle",
"orbit",
"radius",
"parabola"
] | parabola | sciq |
b3bb2bc1-48e5-48d4-a0a6-afb76ea69a78 | The earliest cells were called what? | [
"eukaryotes",
"carbohydrates",
"microcytes",
"prokaryotes"
] | prokaryotes | sciq |
dffd4644-66eb-4eb4-b124-463971d26d46 | Protists are the simplest of what? | [
"eukaryotes",
"fungi",
"plants",
"prokaryotes"
] | eukaryotes | sciq |
7567da2e-f3ba-4859-ae0c-e26ef08b586a | The measure of magnetic fields is named after a serbian physicist. what is his name? | [
"Niels Bohr",
"Albert Einstein",
"nikola tesla",
"Carl Sagan"
] | nikola tesla | sciq |
6575d549-f5f4-45db-abf2-9ab944f46971 | Radon (rn) is a radioactive gas formed by the decay of naturally occurring uranium in rocks such as granite. it tends to collect in the basements of houses and poses a significant health risk if present in indoor air. many states now require that houses be tested for radon before they are what? | [
"built",
"seen",
"modified",
"sold"
] | sold | sciq |
adb1ab9a-eaa5-4935-bb3a-abda84b4a624 | What state of matter takes neither the shape nor the volume of its container? | [
"liquid",
"solid",
"hot",
"gas"
] | solid | sciq |
162a2011-597e-4d45-b24e-41ee003b169d | Force times distance is the equation for what? | [
"power",
"speed",
"gravity",
"work"
] | work | sciq |
ef5e9cc5-091f-4611-a045-ea849b8687df | What is the name for a series of changes in the reproductive system of mature females that repeats every month on average? | [
"puberty",
"periodic table",
"urinary cycle",
"menstrual cycle"
] | menstrual cycle | sciq |
c018a09c-4a8f-42b1-b8b2-62e87e78a6c9 | What is the name of the iron-containing oxygen-transport protein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates? | [
"ferric acid",
"platelet",
"plasma",
"hemoglobin"
] | hemoglobin | sciq |
3210fbdc-c440-46b4-b97f-af2c36e24d99 | What is the active ingredient in household bleach? | [
"magnesium",
"oxygen",
"iodine",
"chlorine"
] | chlorine | sciq |
55a65949-ba2d-4b42-b6ac-2b853d3b38e8 | What are the membrane-bound organelles that are usually larger than vesicles and can have secretory, excretory, and storage functions? | [
"vacuoles",
"tubules",
"ribosomes",
"nucleolus"
] | vacuoles | sciq |
25ecd18d-4c0c-4d49-bad6-9e0b1375985a | What broad category of animals is primarily ectothermic and covered with scales that facilitate swimming? | [
"turtles",
"deer",
"armadillo",
"fish"
] | fish | sciq |
6a02553c-9a1f-4318-837e-2ac043448be9 | What has two chains of nucleotides, one more than rna? | [
"fna",
"dna",
"mna",
"gna"
] | dna | sciq |
cae667f8-a182-4842-83ae-95910b702967 | The axon terminates on muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction. acetylcholine is released at this specialized synapse, which causes the muscle action potential to begin, following a large potential known as an end plate potential. when the lower motor neuron excites the muscle fiber, it contracts. all of this occur... | [
"muscular system",
"nervous system",
"cardiovascular system",
"respiratory system"
] | nervous system | sciq |
fe942678-beaf-4c64-933d-c0a35e5497d9 | Misconceptions about what theory contribute to the controversy that still surrounds this fundamental principle of biology? | [
"cycle of evolution",
"brain of evolution",
"theory of evolution",
"darwin on evolution"
] | theory of evolution | sciq |
0dc32ff9-13f8-4f67-bf7d-090ad9beec26 | What device is used to stop a current in a circuit? | [
"a valve",
"a signal",
"a mirror",
"a switch"
] | a switch | sciq |
548c84da-ade4-45a9-89a7-b12917d26bf4 | What oily substance prevents the hair and skin of living things from drying out? | [
"progesterone",
"pancreatic enzymes",
"sebum",
"pus"
] | sebum | sciq |
575cce52-5080-4142-9958-ba875ef72033 | What two types of communication do both humans and birds use primarily? | [
"interaction and auditory",
"sensual and auditory",
"material and auditory",
"visual and auditory"
] | visual and auditory | sciq |
0bb0cef2-9332-45b3-b3a8-1b9325a49cf5 | Eggs are produced in what organs and, upon fertilization, develop in what other organ? | [
"cervix, ovaries",
"ovaries, uterus",
"uterus, vagina",
"fallopian tubes, ovaries"
] | ovaries, uterus | sciq |
ac265491-7d17-43f4-bf81-923aba4f6bdb | The first line of defense includes mechanical, chemical, and which other barrier? | [
"surgical",
"biological",
"physical",
"independent"
] | biological | sciq |
0ef0f848-28f5-4648-a524-549652f1b6ed | What is another term for nearsightedness? | [
"myopia",
"anemia",
"hypoxia",
"astigmatism"
] | myopia | sciq |
7adc5a0c-affc-4c27-92c3-bade99fd950f | Because all animals require an external source of what, they are called heterotrophic? | [
"water",
"fuel",
"energy",
"food"
] | food | sciq |
b03f0143-41e0-4293-ace3-85cf6f02ab64 | What causes blue litmus to turn red? | [
"acid",
"carbon",
"oxygen",
"base"
] | acid | sciq |
a6c80ca3-2924-418b-a644-3857bd7c2cac | When fossil fuel is burned the chemical energy is converted into what? | [
"atmospheric energy",
"natural energy",
"kinetic energy",
"thermal energy"
] | thermal energy | sciq |
897afe10-c875-4029-88f4-5d68447e02b1 | What two activities are especially important when a number of local populations are linked, forming a metapopulation? | [
"family reunions and emigration",
"flow and emigration",
"immigration and family reunions",
"immigration and emigration"
] | immigration and emigration | sciq |
834e6275-7d9b-4232-88b7-5f4f8a448d94 | What is the physical environment in which a species lives and to which it has adapted? | [
"farmland",
"habitat",
"land mass",
"ecosystem"
] | habitat | sciq |
d63b5755-41aa-4ff0-8557-654c0ae2e10f | What kind of tests may detect substances associated with particular disorders? | [
"hormonal",
"electrical",
"genetic",
"biochemical"
] | biochemical | sciq |
0ae718de-6dc3-4308-a485-2d7bc37b9f49 | Scientists think the solar system formed from a big cloud of gas and dust called what? | [
"supernova",
"comet",
"nebula",
"Oort cloud"
] | nebula | sciq |
94770cb7-a63f-4512-a333-7d18aec7a8e4 | What are the largest phylum of the animal kingdom? | [
"arthropods",
"Crustacea",
"Pycnogonida",
"Chelicerata"
] | arthropods | sciq |
5633ca0b-428e-4257-9708-16cda5e84242 | What is the name for a material that prevents the transfer of heat energy? | [
"physical insulator",
"thermal condenser",
"structure insulator",
"thermal insulator"
] | thermal insulator | sciq |
52c8df9d-63d8-4bcc-9c8f-a040a65b264e | What is a rock exposed to if it's undergoing metamorphism? | [
"gravity and precipitation",
"humidity and pressure",
"heat and pressure",
"time and energy"
] | heat and pressure | sciq |
d8a7e97f-cb16-4639-98e1-75c775a159cf | Water infiltrates the ground because soil and rock may have air spaces between the grains. these pores, or tiny holes, result in the rock's what? | [
"shine",
"sheen",
"energy",
"porosity"
] | porosity | sciq |
12c92e8a-c63b-42b0-bcbf-108b73f3f6f2 | Work is done only if a force is exerted in the direction of what? | [
"gravity",
"motion",
"wind",
"north"
] | motion | sciq |
406348de-a5bb-4695-b988-b3aa780648f0 | What is the smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism? | [
"cell",
"proteins",
"molecule",
"atom"
] | cell | sciq |
0b112c44-7619-45ec-b877-4f197f4435a1 | All animals have specialized types of what basic structures, which can then do different jobs? | [
"cells",
"muscles",
"proteins",
"atoms"
] | cells | sciq |
8ce97c01-4634-49a8-b85a-fda2b2673199 | What term describes the number of items in a given area or volume? | [
"fraction",
"density",
"alkalinity",
"concentration"
] | concentration | sciq |
3d686a62-1b16-4679-8adf-5fff13834a30 | Birds are known for flying south in the winter to avoid what? | [
"hurricanes",
"rain",
"solar radiation",
"cold weather"
] | cold weather | sciq |
49661d2b-f559-4d5a-909b-c4d06c0fb633 | The root system is usually anchored by one main root developed from what? | [
"nuclei radicle",
"sperm radicle",
"embryonic radicle",
"organisms radicle"
] | embryonic radicle | sciq |
75915cd9-5f78-4491-9ecc-f13a91deee8a | What type of learning is done from past experiences and reasoning? | [
"insight learning",
"transformation learning",
"consequence learning",
"rational learning"
] | insight learning | sciq |
524fd202-04fd-4d8b-b680-805c10a4d04e | Where is the pituitary gland? | [
"lung",
"brain",
"thyroid",
"heart"
] | brain | sciq |
2bd68f1a-67cc-4e86-8e53-74f727caa3fa | Which fungi eaten by people all over the world? | [
"fruits",
"algae",
"mushrooms",
"legumes"
] | mushrooms | sciq |
f3c0d8ac-8dab-4074-a9a7-05eb52566670 | The outermost layer of the leaf is the epidermis; it is present on both sides of the leaf and is called the upper and lower epidermis, respectively. botanists call the upper side the adaxial surface (or adaxis) and the lower side this? | [
"abaxial surface (or abaxis)",
"dorsal surface",
"anterior surface",
"posterior surface"
] | abaxial surface (or abaxis) | sciq |
85afb1e4-8d62-40d9-bfb5-2e59cd77c95e | A small quake preceding a large quake is called what? | [
"preshock",
"warning shock",
"aftershock",
"foreshock"
] | foreshock | sciq |
0140e041-a6c3-4f9a-9d4f-7be14c509536 | What do winter storms develop from at higher latitudes? | [
"humidity",
"temperatures",
"clouds",
"cyclones"
] | cyclones | sciq |
81690976-fb42-4629-9a94-d4481552458f | What is the only substance on earth that is present in all three states of matter? | [
"water",
"mercury",
"carbon",
"air"
] | water | sciq |
c530086d-55ae-43bd-b0dd-c6eab24b6ba6 | What is essential for forming new genes? | [
"large mutations",
"chromosome deversity",
"enough mutations",
"enough chromosomes"
] | large mutations | sciq |
09324f85-24d0-41e9-ac86-cf6cdef088ea | What is fluid friction with air called? | [
"buoyancy",
"air resistance",
"gravity",
"wind resistance"
] | air resistance | sciq |
e6876c77-e3f2-4ad5-9aa1-6827db5e22d4 | Plants produce their own sugars and other food molecules through what process? | [
"glycolysis",
"photosynthesis",
"hydrogenesis",
"spermatogenesis"
] | photosynthesis | sciq |
98e1774b-1847-4453-88dd-f90528d31fb8 | What do fission reactors use to slow down the neutrons? | [
"control",
"brake",
"inertia",
"moderator"
] | moderator | sciq |
7ef0498d-6978-418f-bc40-6c770ca5eefb | What term is used to describe an unusual sound coming from the heart that is caused by the turbulent flow of blood? | [
"murmur",
"whisper",
"garble",
"music"
] | murmur | sciq |
5eccb583-7790-498d-8588-88d0fcf6fac1 | Carbon atoms are bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible in what type of fatty acids? | [
"oily",
"unsaturated",
"super",
"saturated"
] | saturated | sciq |
1ace1b89-fa8b-4e25-be5f-e7cab8efed1c | What kind of mouthparts do aphids have? | [
"piercing-sucking mouthparts",
"chewing mouthparts",
"sponging mouthparts",
"siphoning mouthparts"
] | piercing-sucking mouthparts | sciq |
e04a56d1-7d49-4a2e-b685-9a456d9b8f79 | Sounds, chemicals, and visual cues are examples of what between animals? | [
"circulation",
"communication",
"migration",
"procreation"
] | communication | sciq |
31fe296a-124d-4f2e-87be-49ff70779792 | What is pressure times area equal to? | [
"force",
"mass",
"volume",
"density"
] | force | sciq |
adfc85fe-b38d-4c37-9ded-6e0a369bc79f | What part of the kangaroo helps it balance when it leaps as well as when it sits? | [
"the pouch",
"large feet",
"the tail",
"the spine"
] | the tail | sciq |
b1ede09a-854b-4e5b-a886-0cc4a88c912c | What is the evolutionary history of a group of related organisms called? | [
"phylogeny",
"ancestry",
"superfamily",
"lineage"
] | phylogeny | sciq |
a5f0364b-c307-4bff-b74c-f470f459db19 | What are specialized cells in the brain that monitor the concentration of solutes in the blood called? | [
"osmoreceptors",
"ionconcentrate",
"staurikosaurus",
"sporozoans"
] | osmoreceptors | sciq |
b1ec29d2-58d6-441b-8751-96788aeb7615 | Bones consist of four types of tissue, compact bone, spongy bone, bone marrow, and what? | [
"periosteum",
"collagen",
"epithelium",
"plasma"
] | periosteum | sciq |
2dbdece7-8e89-4b9e-8bd1-97103a9cff7f | During adolescence, what causes most of the changes associated with puberty? | [
"estrogen",
"nicotine",
"testosterone",
"methane"
] | testosterone | sciq |
891f8c58-48c5-42fc-bd8b-a1edf0fa6322 | What is essential for cellular respiration for all aerobic organisms? | [
"water",
"carbon",
"oxygen",
"nitrogen"
] | oxygen | sciq |
ca2d8dc0-a965-4ade-8926-475e113f4d08 | Breeding in birds occurs through an internal type of what process? | [
"fertilization",
"sedimentation",
"stimulation",
"segmentation"
] | fertilization | sciq |
e92f610c-612d-43b4-8908-bfb0694f6269 | In an endothermic reaction, what is absorbed by the reaction? | [
"atoms",
"fuel",
"energy",
"food"
] | energy | sciq |
feb6239a-de23-44d7-a545-075ce6df15a0 | What scientist and monk is best known for his experiments with pea plants? | [
"aristotle",
"steiner mendel",
"charles darwin",
"gregor mendel"
] | gregor mendel | sciq |
fa22deda-12d7-4dd1-9e23-92edf52082d9 | What are structures that protect the coast like barrier islands called? | [
"domes",
"breakwaters",
"fortresses",
"dunes"
] | breakwaters | sciq |
ee7a12cd-e4b8-4450-a502-27ec8dd97336 | What leads to multiple copies of a chromosomal region? | [
"subtractions",
"minimilizations",
"gene modification",
"duplications (or amplifications )"
] | duplications (or amplifications ) | sciq |
6036e672-f2ad-476f-bfbf-6429ed301879 | The larger surface area of leaves allows them to capture more what? | [
"sunlight",
"chlorophyll",
"pollen",
"molecules"
] | sunlight | sciq |
745321e6-108a-4863-bf71-f555e8c0a929 | What is connected to, and dependent on, the gametophyte? | [
"the zygote",
"the chromosomes",
"the sporophyte",
"the sperm"
] | the sporophyte | sciq |
b433be04-486d-4a0a-9fdb-ca6699749a7e | After passing through capillaries and being filtered, clean blood leaves what organ through a vein? | [
"kidney",
"pancreas",
"liver",
"heart"
] | kidney | sciq |
876a3a62-bc7e-4b98-983f-bafbe375b102 | What kind of medical intervention seeks to eradicate diseases like polio and measles? | [
"nutrition",
"vaccination",
"malnutrition",
"surgical intervention"
] | vaccination | sciq |
de593bab-ed9c-49a9-acaa-ab1149e29342 | The ostrich, kiwi, rhea, cassowary, and moa are examples of what kind of birds? | [
"predators",
"raptors",
"flightless",
"prehistoric"
] | flightless | sciq |
3d48cd33-f332-457e-9b3b-3d7ab7b4ebaa | What occurs when individuals of different species strive for a limited resource in the same area? | [
"vegetal competition",
"asexual competition",
"interspecific competition",
"intraspecific competition"
] | interspecific competition | sciq |
5f7a0a97-5bf1-431f-8603-3c612451f057 | Most fungi reproduce asexually by producing what? | [
"toxins",
"ions",
"spores",
"seeds"
] | spores | sciq |
e87b6a47-57ac-408e-8fde-2f483fc3403f | Alchemists, as early as the eighth century, knew nitric acid as aqua fortis, which means? | [
"applied water",
"isolated water",
"strong water",
"clean water"
] | strong water | sciq |
48bf5902-f043-4138-81d7-612d565f0392 | Particles of sand and what other substance are carried by longshore drift? | [
"bone",
"rock",
"soil",
"magma"
] | rock | sciq |
83603410-5026-4331-a36b-2247d3eb43f8 | Most reptiles reproduce sexually and have what type of fertilization? | [
"additional",
"internal",
"external",
"mechanical"
] | internal | sciq |
c6daff6a-fec9-40ff-afc1-1617c11570a8 | What is type of substance is formed when water vapor condenses or when ice melts? | [
"liquid water",
"toxic water",
"gaseous water",
"chemical water"
] | liquid water | sciq |
c7be1eb5-082a-48fb-a558-82224d91f692 | What occur because solid lithosphere travels on a round planet? | [
"aeration earthquakes",
"ejecta earthquakes",
"intraplate earthquakes",
"volcanos"
] | intraplate earthquakes | sciq |
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