id
string
question
string
choices
list
answer_key
string
source
string
96c45c5c-a598-43ca-bb27-62a7da7e665a
What are the chemical messengers used to communicate between cells?
[ "membranes", "peptides", "hormones", "neurons" ]
hormones
sciq
b4677b49-6eb0-48d1-b137-fd329bc9647e
Graphite and diamond both are made from carbon. what makes diamonds so hard?
[ "strong metallic network", "weak atomic network", "strong light network", "strong atomic network" ]
strong atomic network
sciq
4b4940e4-24a0-4452-95d3-4af9f5f16455
The paranasal sinuses are hollow, air-filled spaces located within certain bones of the skull. all of the sinuses communicate with the nasal cavity (paranasal = “next to nasal cavity”) and are lined with this?
[ "fluid mucosa", "oral mucosa", "respiration mucosa", "nasal mucosa" ]
nasal mucosa
sciq
43ff3dc9-d02f-485e-aa1d-5ae5dadb8954
What determines the strength of a base when dissolved in water?
[ "saline content", "amount of hydroxide ions produced", "amount of phosphorus ions produced", "pH level" ]
amount of hydroxide ions produced
sciq
841741a8-6c89-4ac4-9777-67243b8aed1d
What is the low level of radiation that occurs naturally in the environment called?
[ "background radiation", "consequence radiation", "temperature radiation", "neon radiation" ]
background radiation
sciq
eda68727-c0b9-406c-9a61-9fee02a88f2a
Varicella zoster virus causes what two illnesses?
[ "syphilis and lyme", "german measles and flu", "chicken pox and shingles", "flu and shingles" ]
chicken pox and shingles
sciq
5d4881d2-5145-4739-9125-1eea4c3ee15e
The urethra transports urine from what organ to the outside of the body for disposal?
[ "bladder", "brain", "lungs", "heart" ]
bladder
sciq
45f90849-3c40-48fa-9d2b-45169d4ea6d1
Magnetite crystals in lava typically point to what geographic location?
[ "geographic north pole", "magnetic north pole", "magnetic south pole", "the equator" ]
magnetic north pole
sciq
58dbf63d-750f-4648-ae0c-074bdc224768
Liquids that mix with water in all proportions are usually polar substances or substances that form these?
[ "silicon bonds", "hydrogen bonds", "compressed bonds", "atmospheric bonds" ]
hydrogen bonds
sciq
61eeb7cc-2469-44aa-b6dc-b0ada2b6c628
Lattice energy cannot be measured directly. what is its calculation based on?
[ "measured energy changes", "chemical reactions", "change in temperature", "microscopic inspection" ]
measured energy changes
sciq
754770aa-3291-42b9-afac-9290135cdeb3
What process provides over 99% of the energy supply for life on earth?
[ "gases", "nutrients", "photosynthesis", "Carbon" ]
photosynthesis
sciq
5c910171-626c-429d-bdb6-5f97051aa8f2
What type of animal are most reptiles in regards to diet?
[ "arthropods", "herbivores", "carnivores", "omnivores" ]
carnivores
sciq
69b97b7b-3d48-4547-9368-004b06e0e759
Because of their reactivity, we do not find most representative metals as free elements where?
[ "in nature", "in the atomospher", "in water", "underground" ]
in nature
sciq
63f60e30-fec1-491d-a77d-32d658eabb61
Two important concepts, niche and habitat, are associated with what?
[ "water", "plant", "ecosystem", "natural selection" ]
ecosystem
sciq
547963c2-57bc-41e6-ad5b-d1fb0da22d05
When does diseases like alzheimer's become more common?
[ "toddler", "i-40 age", "teenager", "old age" ]
old age
sciq
128dcfc7-4a60-4f72-ae9d-25386cc1e465
What is a fibrocartilaginous pad that fills the gap between adjacent vertebral bodies?
[ "intervertebral disc", "unidirectional disc", "Back Disk", "subsidence disc" ]
intervertebral disc
sciq
28c59c02-6b5c-43af-9844-d5e631b235b7
What organic catalysts work by lowering the activation energy needed to start biochemical reactions?
[ "carbohydrates", "glucose", "hormones", "enzymes" ]
enzymes
sciq
94a0aa24-6312-42f4-9af7-bf0a4c1d7163
What structure supports the body, protects internal organs, produces blood cells, and maintains mineral homeostasis?
[ "skeleton", "skin", "cuticle", "fossil" ]
skeleton
sciq
823858ec-070c-45a6-8d7b-7da8d2f4f420
When vertebrate animals metabolize ammonia what is the primary byproduct that is produced?
[ "proteins", "carbon monoxide", "urea", "dioxide" ]
urea
sciq
b2d44a19-af96-4de9-94e0-7460c0bc7ba9
Which process involves solvent separation on a solid medium?
[ "affinity", "chromatography", "substration", "resonance" ]
chromatography
sciq
6cc4bcd3-05ec-4018-bed7-e82b027e38c7
Plasmodesmata and gap junctions are channels between adjacent cells of what respective types?
[ "healthy and sick", "plant and animal", "new and old", "plant and fungus" ]
plant and animal
sciq
2b1ec900-2bd7-4425-a551-dadf75c9558a
Natural gas burns cleaner and produces less carbon dioxide than fuels of what type?
[ "solar energy", "biofuels", "fossil fuels", "renewable fuels" ]
fossil fuels
sciq
142a08c2-689c-4c13-abb7-7eae49ad19fd
What are the simplest types of carbon-based compounds?
[ "Microbes", "hydrocarbons", "Cells", "particles" ]
hydrocarbons
sciq
28b6051a-816c-4ea9-b9d4-edf96d4feee6
What process moves food through the esophagus no matter which position the body is in?
[ "peristalsis", "mastication", "homeostasis", "proteolysis" ]
peristalsis
sciq
cfab18ce-98dc-4323-945a-1a0769ce7f65
The female reproductive organs include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and what?
[ "bladder", "vagina", "womb", "intestines" ]
vagina
sciq
d8f0b900-9ea7-4856-9d2f-c1ca5180a03d
What do offsprings obtain from their parents in what is called, inheritance?
[ "characteristics", "mutations", "variations", "attributes" ]
characteristics
sciq
9d6af061-5a94-414c-b1ef-39855cd26f00
Warming up your body before a workout does what to the blood flow?
[ "stops it", "increases it", "reduces it", "minimizes it" ]
increases it
sciq
d5aca255-a888-4e59-8187-e4c65d93f854
What is a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution?
[ "acid", "sulfur", "carbon", "base" ]
acid
sciq
f3a93877-1777-4190-8a2f-4dcec957723d
Scientists ask questions, and then make detailed observations to try to ask more specific questions, in order to develop what?
[ "hypothesis", "suggests", "Tests", "theories" ]
hypothesis
sciq
6d685087-c4ec-4875-bb6d-33bbcfddaac7
What is the main difference between prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells ?
[ "the type of metabolic waste", "the presence of cell walls", "the presence of a Golgi Apparatus", "the presence of a nucleus" ]
the presence of a nucleus
sciq
570257d6-e983-481f-aacc-677ec257920c
Supercontinents have formed at least how many times in earth history?
[ "two", "five", "twenty", "nine" ]
five
sciq
3a4082ee-babf-4e67-a452-ccde7b017ce4
How are layers of the atmosphere divided?
[ "air gradients", "density gradients", "temperature gradients", "color gradients" ]
temperature gradients
sciq
644eb641-5aaf-4ab7-b5cb-0041a9a4a33d
What term is used to describe molecules that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds?
[ "ions", "nitrites", "compounds", "amines" ]
amines
sciq
6f771738-192f-45c5-8adb-b3aa5474b2ff
Birds have a flow-through respiratory system in which air flows unidirectionally from the posterior sacs into the lungs, then into these?
[ "alveoli", "posterior bronchi", "anterior air sacs", "gills" ]
anterior air sacs
sciq
e2251e58-8885-4e46-ab4e-435f748ec4cf
What are convection currents that occur far below the surface of the ocean called?
[ "waves", "subsequent currents", "deep currents", "flat currents" ]
deep currents
sciq
01d718ff-d219-4d64-b5b9-aede558c15ca
Cations are attracted to anions, which are ions with what charge?
[ "positive", "negative", "neutral", "similar" ]
negative
sciq
7ef4d866-7124-44ec-a811-50668730c1d9
A non-bony skeleton that forms outside of the body is known as a what?
[ "endoskeleton", "excitoskeleton", "exoskeleton", "exoplate" ]
exoskeleton
sciq
06562aec-395c-4807-8884-483c019b3b23
The vagina connects to which internal organ?
[ "ovaries", "valves", "uterus", "artery" ]
uterus
sciq
2c455e6a-742d-47f1-b795-adffe66bfab8
What is the measure of electric current?
[ "intensity", "watts", "volts", "ampheres" ]
ampheres
sciq
c7f894f8-23c4-46e6-86d0-e8e8402ae206
Name a passageway that is shared with the digestive system.
[ "pharynx", "larynx", "esophagus", "trachea" ]
pharynx
sciq
3392d7ba-4a1a-4f19-af2b-f29bce7001ed
What substances function as a long-term energy store in the human body and possess long carbon chains that prevent dissolving in water?
[ "hydrocarbons", "steroids", "triglycerides", "nanoparticles" ]
triglycerides
sciq
fdb14c56-dff4-408f-a1a5-09730b49098c
Coronary arteries ans small in what?
[ "density", "length", "diameter", "height" ]
diameter
sciq
38a421e0-4de6-40b9-8950-0c068fc9f29d
What occurs when a substance reacts quickly with oxygen?
[ "combustion reaction", "oxidation", "catalytic conversion", "convection" ]
combustion reaction
sciq
f732f79c-f6b2-4410-85aa-ef9092e081af
What are the two basic types of competition called?
[ "exploitative and beneficial", "instraspecifc and interspecific", "weak and strong", "interference and interaction" ]
instraspecifc and interspecific
sciq
6cec5a60-9660-474f-8ac3-600213101420
Algae are much simpler than protozoa. they are aquatic and contain this?
[ "sporozoa", "chlorophyll", "testes", "cloning factor" ]
chlorophyll
sciq
55213040-f540-4b3f-ae49-a3e31b71fd90
What is a gram stain used to identify ?
[ "acids or bases", "radioactivity", "different types of liquids", "different types of bacteria" ]
different types of bacteria
sciq
e26baf00-cdcf-402a-bfd4-56c88ca4f0b3
Burning gas to run our cars is an example of how human activity is contributing to what global event?
[ "climate change", "ozone change", "metamorphic change", "carbon change" ]
climate change
sciq
91934414-2680-4883-9268-5df0c1add8e1
The periodic table of elements is divided into what?
[ "groups", "patterns", "squares", "spheres" ]
squares
sciq
211d1b81-daaa-4822-9870-18e3ef7e2dd3
Wave amplitude of a transverse wave is the difference in height between what and the resting position?
[ "a magnitude", "a crest", "a valley", "a cascade" ]
a crest
sciq
47a3e79a-69be-4274-b109-07c6996424e7
What is secreted before ejaculation to neutralize acidic urine remaining in the urethra?
[ "clear mucus", "sperm", "semen", "pre-cum" ]
clear mucus
sciq
aff88f97-10cc-4171-b431-fdffc237f62c
Because conifers carry both male and female sporophylls on the same mature sporophyte, they are considered what type of plant?
[ "dioecious", "monoecious", "bioecious", "siliceous" ]
monoecious
sciq
acbd672a-256c-4d27-bf99-38338b234d28
Who lack some of the defining traits of chordates?
[ "Adult Mammals", "Childern", "adult humans", "Reptiles" ]
adult humans
sciq
8ecf026f-950e-4a42-94ef-e19bccc8bca1
What does convection within the earth's mantel cause?
[ "hurricanes", "plates to move", "microorganisms to move", "volcanos" ]
plates to move
sciq
9d66adfb-5522-4ca8-8b96-d02cd2650386
Autoimmunity can develop with time, and its causes may be rooted in this?
[ "spontaneous mutation", "molecular mimicry", "resistance", "inheritance" ]
molecular mimicry
sciq
467aa579-f1c2-4a18-9004-d90db9ca3e3b
Why does warm air rise higher in the troposphere?
[ "It contains hydrogen", "it is more dense than cool air", "it is less dense than cool air", "it is less flourishing than cool air" ]
it is less dense than cool air
sciq
f57b129d-a202-4e3e-92d0-0778562d462e
Getting the same result when an experiment is repeated is called what?
[ "repetition", "initiation", "replication", "mutation" ]
replication
sciq
cb3b0aa1-8653-479e-a2e0-788e52b52b91
Some membranes have what kind of surfaces exposed to the cytoplasm?
[ "hydrophobic", "obstructionary", "bilayer", "outer" ]
hydrophobic
sciq
b2b11632-0ad8-4294-84e8-48ec013d10a6
Plants and fungi cells have what basic cell structure, which animals do not have?
[ "Cell Membrane", "Cytoskeleton", "cell wall", "Lysosomes" ]
cell wall
sciq
e719f12f-9ad4-4706-9f45-be46798c58d4
The way in which the sun produces light is called what?
[ "rays", "tumescence", "photosynthesis", "incandescence" ]
incandescence
sciq
525fcff9-8aca-4c8d-b31d-0ae9f58c24fd
What kind of light bulb contains a thin wire filament made of tungsten that gets hot and glows?
[ "incandescent", "LED", "fluorescent", "black light" ]
incandescent
sciq
eefe83bf-6bc6-41d6-8a6b-2cc5f268e43c
What do you call a mixture in which some particles settle out of it when it is left standing?
[ "emulsion", "alloy", "suspension", "homogenous" ]
suspension
sciq
be3ad9c3-0da8-4edc-bc77-a2edbdcc444b
What do you call the process of a solid becoming a liquid?
[ "boiling", "melting", "vaporizing", "freezing" ]
melting
sciq
826e95b0-e753-41f1-8b4c-9126e0120e73
Once a plant cell becomes specialized, what can they no longer do?
[ "osmosis", "divide", "photosynthesis", "cellular respiration" ]
divide
sciq
9e74edda-5e8d-43a5-9594-0b7dcbc67b36
The hardest natural substance, diamond is a form of what element?
[ "zenon", "hydrogen", "carbon", "zirconium" ]
carbon
sciq
f0fd3e55-76d6-4524-a10c-72ce4b1c3597
Much of what type of radiation that strikes the planet is reflected back into space?
[ "magentic radiation", "microwaves", "solar radiation", "gamma rays" ]
solar radiation
sciq
be699eb5-f44f-4207-aa9b-0f291405d18f
What particles are formed from a neutron in beta decay?
[ "rust and proton", "mucus and a proton", "atom and proton", "electron and a proton" ]
electron and a proton
sciq
d9c124bf-d095-4aa2-ab59-e9a9274433cd
What class of acids do carboxylic acids fall under?
[ "inorganic acids", "organic acids", "hydrochloric acids", "carbolic acids" ]
organic acids
sciq
ded35510-5d29-43e0-bb55-f9f632363cd6
Plants can absorb inorganic nutrients and water through their root system, and what gas from the environment?
[ "carbon dioxide", "nitrogen dioxide", "hydrogen dioxide", "chemical dioxide" ]
carbon dioxide
sciq
6600613d-c237-4872-a5e6-eabf892255c4
Giardia is an example of a protozoa that uses flagella for what purpose?
[ "nutrients", "light", "reproduction", "movement" ]
movement
sciq
f03c4c77-dfd7-42a3-907d-7dd0228e231f
Nearly all earthquakes occur where?
[ "in Asia", "plate centers", "plate boundaries", "in large cities" ]
plate boundaries
sciq
c247bbb9-a74c-458f-a587-58e1aa758e30
Conotoxins released by certain marine snails can bring about paralysis in humans, indicating that this toxin attacks what system?
[ "cardiovascular", "cerebral", "circulatory", "neurological" ]
neurological
sciq
ed20a36c-dea5-473f-8ef6-a55ec8e8a6d9
What is the second largest planet in the solar system?
[ "Mars", "jupiter", "Venus", "saturn" ]
saturn
sciq
3bd02f8c-808d-4ae1-8288-ce4a3cdc70c4
Fruit comes from the ovaries of what types of plants?
[ "flowering", "sprouting", "perennial", "deciduous" ]
flowering
sciq
8639ae60-3d73-40dc-8843-4b02d711b8e5
Resistors connected end to end are said to be in what?
[ "groups", "parallel", "series", "lines" ]
series
sciq
ad5c15dd-bddf-43da-8b24-3013c04cb18a
Molar mass is equal to density multiplied by what?
[ "molar volume", "molar gravity", "molar energy", "molar weight" ]
molar volume
sciq
141c770d-7d59-478f-a1bc-ca7d7b8ca4f1
What effect causes global winds to blow on a diagonal over the earth's surface?
[ "resonant effect", "dopler effect", "coriolis effect", "centrifugal effect" ]
coriolis effect
sciq
a0831cc6-bf80-4e8e-9602-e5d75c2a8acc
When members of the same species compete for the same resources, it is called what?
[ "natural selection", "interspecies competition", "extinction", "intraspecific competition" ]
intraspecific competition
sciq
f91a622c-6d65-4701-8a30-129e271766e0
Antibiotics only target prokaryotic cells - they do not affect fungi, which are not prokaryotic, but instead what?
[ "chloroplasts", "mammals", "eukaryotic", "plants" ]
eukaryotic
sciq
3c62d002-721b-46d3-8393-87bec2898942
What do bees carry from one plant to another to facilitate plant growth and development?
[ "nutrients", "pollen", "spores", "fungi" ]
pollen
sciq
25fcdd07-0a0c-40b4-9d6d-852b5c2909f2
Why is the drift velocity negligible?
[ "less free charges", "shows free charges", "many free charges", "need free charges" ]
many free charges
sciq
98974bf6-f14b-4dac-b715-74f284917c38
Instruments that measure the angle of the slope of a volcano are called what?
[ "aberration meters", "tilt meters", "angle meters", "velocity meters" ]
tilt meters
sciq
eae425e2-3638-480c-8408-e865e0f4a5cb
What is the term for preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past?
[ "remains", "fossils", "deposits", "bones" ]
fossils
sciq
6174890c-780a-4523-92bb-e3f7ef071d6a
Birds flying thousands of miles south in the winter, then returning to their homes in spring, is a familiar example of what?
[ "emigration", "migration", "hibernation", "evacuation" ]
migration
sciq
70d2ad7f-b95a-49fd-871d-124924851946
The hydration of what is what makes many alcohols?
[ "alkenes", "enzymes", "lipids", "malts" ]
alkenes
sciq
5b31cb47-a66e-49fc-9f4b-119d992e449e
What causes oxides to decompose?
[ "humidity", "heat", "acidity", "precipitation" ]
heat
sciq
16eaf042-da42-4328-a36f-f8628e6b6fc3
With codominance, both alleles are expressed equally in what?
[ "homozygotes", "heterozygotes", "gametes", "prokaryotes" ]
heterozygotes
sciq
6bd68720-40df-44eb-a9e9-b45fdbeb543e
When hit from behind in a car crash, a passenger can suffer a neck injury called what?
[ "twisted neck", "necklash", "whiplash", "inflammation" ]
whiplash
sciq
a84dace4-33b2-4ea1-8a42-dd48de3cf23e
When a species always migrates, what is this type of migration called?
[ "emigration", "mass migration", "genus migration", "obligate migration" ]
obligate migration
sciq
2e158036-7e9e-48a6-85c8-67a6c2aab29a
How are valuable metabolites recovered?
[ "osmosis", "metabolism", "replication reaction", "reabsorption" ]
reabsorption
sciq
9d1c0e48-5a6d-4268-be54-3bea31898b0c
Structures that have lost their use through evolution are called _______
[ "vestigial structures", "symbiotic structures", "residual structures", "primordial structures" ]
vestigial structures
sciq
9cf87f47-86c5-477a-85f2-c7c74a06c622
What does continental crust grade into at continental margins?
[ "ocean floor", "remnants crust", "oceanic crust", "storm crust" ]
oceanic crust
sciq
3ecda17a-a673-4cb6-91fe-8fac2e105b96
What body system consists of organs that break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste?
[ "digestive system", "lymphatic system", "skeletal system", "hormonal system" ]
digestive system
sciq
0c8c6208-c63b-4301-b9b7-5498fa02ddc1
Some samples of matter appear to have properties of solids, liquids, and/or gases at the same time. this can occur when the sample is composed of many what?
[ "few pieces", "turn pieces", "large pieces", "small pieces" ]
small pieces
sciq
0b7f78ed-028e-40be-83fc-2680ee1a022c
Stimuli in the brain, stomach, and small intestine activate or inhibit production of what secretion?
[ "gastric juice", "sweat", "metabolic juice", "digestive juice" ]
gastric juice
sciq
92433393-fec3-40ef-891b-84461f66db0c
What is the term for a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is not affected?
[ "parasitism", "commensalism", "mutualism", "pollenation" ]
commensalism
sciq
fa93b24f-ccdc-4799-9c91-dd276f22338c
What does the a1c test measure over the past two to three months?
[ "blood-glucose levels", "cholesterol levels", "RBC levels", "albumin levels" ]
blood-glucose levels
sciq
254c881c-34a5-495f-8150-d7647e025597
What is the term for liquid waste formed by kidneys?
[ "blood", "feces", "sperm", "urine" ]
urine
sciq
ef400043-15eb-40dc-a886-07f78397f122
Why does metal conduct heat and electricity so well?
[ "insulation", "free flowing photons", "free flowing electrons", "electromagnetism" ]
free flowing electrons
sciq
53cc34c0-5587-4ab4-804a-af944b052c62
Liverworts are small plants that grow close to what?
[ "houses", "ground", "tree tops", "beaches" ]
ground
sciq
ec0c869e-a995-4f0d-a9b1-93a3bf5023ce
What do atoms make by rearranging their chemical bonds in a reactant?
[ "solutions", "products", "compounds", "minerals" ]
products
sciq