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http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Pike
Pike
obj->method(); obj["method"](); call_function(obj->method); call_function(obj["method"]);
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#PL.2FSQL
PL/SQL
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE myClass AS OBJECT ( -- A class needs at least one member even though we don't use it dummy NUMBER, STATIC FUNCTION static_method RETURN VARCHAR2, MEMBER FUNCTION instance_method RETURN VARCHAR2 ); / CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY myClass AS STATIC FUNCTION static_method RETURN VA...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#PureBasic
PureBasic
if OpenLibrary(0, "USER32.DLL") *MessageBox = GetFunction(0, "MessageBoxA") CallFunctionFast(*MessageBox, 0, "Body", "Title", 0) CloseLibrary(0) endif
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#Python
Python
import ctypes   user32_dll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary('User32.dll') print user32_dll.GetDoubleClickTime()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#ALGOL_68
ALGOL 68
BEGIN # Find Brilliant numbers - semi-primes whose two prime factors have # # the same number of digits # PR read "primes.incl.a68" PR # include prime utilities # INT max prime = 1 010; # maximum prime we will consider # ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#D
D
import std.algorithm.iteration; import std.algorithm.mutation; import std.algorithm.searching; import std.algorithm.sorting; import std.array; import std.stdio; import std.string;   immutable STX = 0x02; immutable ETX = 0x03;   string bwt(string s) { if (s.any!"a==0x02 || a==0x03") { throw new Exception("In...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Action.21
Action!
CHAR FUNC Shift(CHAR c BYTE code) CHAR base   IF c>='a AND c<='z THEN base='a ELSEIF c>='A AND c<='Z THEN base='A ELSE RETURN (c) FI c==+code-base c==MOD 26 RETURN (c+base)   PROC Encrypt(CHAR ARRAY in,out BYTE code) INT i   out(0)=in(0) FOR i=1 TO in(0) DO out(i)=Shift(in(i),code)...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#C.2B.2B
C++
#include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <cmath>   using namespace std;   int main() { const double EPSILON = 1.0e-15; unsigned long long fact = 1; double e = 2.0, e0; int n = 2; do { e0 = e; fact *= n++; e += 1.0 / fact; } while (fabs(e - e0) >= EPSILON); ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Clojure
Clojure
  ;; Calculating the number e, euler-napier number. ;; We will use two methods ;; First method: the forumula (1 + 1/n)^n ;; Second method: the series partial sum 1/(p!)     ;;first method   (defn inverse-plus-1 [n] (+ 1 (/ 1 n)))   (defn e-return [n] (Math/pow (inverse-plus-1 n) n))   (time (e-return 100000.))   ;;...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#C.23
C#
  using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace BullsAndCows { class Program { const int ANSWER_SIZE = 4;   static IEnumerable<string> Permutations(int size) { if (size > 0) { foreach (string s in...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar_-_for_%22REAL%22_programmers
Calendar - for "REAL" programmers
Task Provide an algorithm as per the Calendar task, except the entire code for the algorithm must be presented   entirely without lowercase. Also - as per many 1969 era line printers - format the calendar to nicely fill a page that is 132 characters wide. (Hint: manually convert the code from the Calendar task to al...
#COBOL
COBOL
(QL:QUICKLOAD '(DATE-CALC))   (DEFPARAMETER *DAY-ROW* "SU MO TU WE TH FR SA") (DEFPARAMETER *CALENDAR-MARGIN* 3)   (DEFUN MONTH-TO-WORD (MONTH) "TRANSLATE A MONTH FROM 1 TO 12 INTO ITS WORD REPRESENTATION." (SVREF #("JANUARY" "FEBRUARY" "MARCH" "APRIL" "MAY" "JUNE" "JULY" "AUGUST" "SEPTEMBER" ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Hare
Hare
// hare run -lc ffi.ha   use fmt; use strings;   @symbol("strdup") fn cstrdup(_: *const char) *char; @symbol("free") fn cfree(_: nullable *void) void;   export fn main() void = { let s = strings::to_c("Hello, World!"); defer free(s);   let dup = cstrdup(s); fmt::printfln("{}", strings::fromc(dup))!; cfree(dup); };
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Haskell
Haskell
{-# LANGUAGE ForeignFunctionInterface #-}   import Foreign (free) import Foreign.C.String (CString, withCString, peekCString)   -- import the strdup function itself -- the "unsafe" means "assume this foreign function never calls back into Haskell and avoid extra bookkeeping accordingly" foreign import ccall unsafe "str...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#BASIC256
BASIC256
function Copialo$ (txt$, siNo, final$) nuevaCadena$ = ""   for cont = 1 to siNo nuevaCadena$ += txt$ next cont   return trim(nuevaCadena$) + final$ end function   subroutine Saludo() print "Hola mundo!" end subroutine   subroutine testCadenas (txt$) for cont = 1 to length(txt$) print mid(txt$, cont, 1); ""; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Kotlin
Kotlin
// Version 1.2.31   const val WIDTH = 81 const val HEIGHT = 5   val lines = List(HEIGHT) { CharArray(WIDTH) { '*' } }   fun cantor(start: Int, len: Int, index: Int) { val seg = len / 3 if (seg == 0) return for (i in index until HEIGHT) { for (j in start + seg until start + seg * 2) lines[i][j] = ' '...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calkin-Wilf_sequence
Calkin-Wilf sequence
The Calkin-Wilf sequence contains every nonnegative rational number exactly once. It can be calculated recursively as follows: a1 = 1 an+1 = 1/(2⌊an⌋+1-an) for n > 1 Task part 1 Show on this page terms 1 through 20 of the Calkin-Wilf sequence. To avoid floating point error, you may want to ...
#Ruby
Ruby
cw = Enumerator.new do |y| y << a = 1.to_r loop { y << a = 1/(2*a.floor + 1 - a) } end   def term_num(rat) num, den, res, pwr, dig = rat.numerator, rat.denominator, 0, 0, 1 while den > 0 num, (digit, den) = den, num.divmod(den) digit.times do res |= dig << pwr pwr += 1 end dig ^= 1...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calkin-Wilf_sequence
Calkin-Wilf sequence
The Calkin-Wilf sequence contains every nonnegative rational number exactly once. It can be calculated recursively as follows: a1 = 1 an+1 = 1/(2⌊an⌋+1-an) for n > 1 Task part 1 Show on this page terms 1 through 20 of the Calkin-Wilf sequence. To avoid floating point error, you may want to ...
#Rust
Rust
// [dependencies] // num = "0.3"   use num::rational::Rational;   fn calkin_wilf_next(term: &Rational) -> Rational { Rational::from_integer(1) / (Rational::from_integer(2) * term.floor() + 1 - term) }   fn continued_fraction(r: &Rational) -> Vec<isize> { let mut a = *r.numer(); let mut b = *r.denom(); l...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Casting_out_nines
Casting out nines
Task   (in three parts) Part 1 Write a procedure (say c o 9 ( x ) {\displaystyle {\mathit {co9}}(x)} ) which implements Casting Out Nines as described by returning the checksum for x {\displaystyle x} . Demonstrate the procedure using the examples given there, or others you may consider lucky. Par...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";   const func bitset: castOut (in integer: base, in integer: start, in integer: ending) is func result var bitset: casted is {}; local var bitset: ran is {}; var integer: x is 0; var integer: n is 0; var integer: k is 0; var boolean: finished is FALSE; begin fo...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Casting_out_nines
Casting out nines
Task   (in three parts) Part 1 Write a procedure (say c o 9 ( x ) {\displaystyle {\mathit {co9}}(x)} ) which implements Casting Out Nines as described by returning the checksum for x {\displaystyle x} . Demonstrate the procedure using the examples given there, or others you may consider lucky. Par...
#Sidef
Sidef
func cast_out(base = 10, min = 1, max = (base**2 - 1)) {   var b9 = base-1 var ran = b9.range.grep {|n| n%b9 == (n*n % b9) }   var x = min//b9 var r = []   loop { ran.each {|n| var k = (b9*x + n) return r if (k > max) r << k if (k >= min) } ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Carmichael_3_strong_pseudoprimes
Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes
A lot of composite numbers can be separated from primes by Fermat's Little Theorem, but there are some that completely confound it. The   Miller Rabin Test   uses a combination of Fermat's Little Theorem and Chinese Division Theorem to overcome this. The purpose of this task is to investigate such numbers using a met...
#Ring
Ring
  # Project : Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes   see "The following are Carmichael munbers for p1 <= 61:" + nl see "p1 p2 p3 product" + nl   for p = 2 to 61 carmichael3(p) next   func carmichael3(p1) if isprime(p1) = 0 return ok for h3 = 1 to p1 -1 t1 = (h3 + p1) * (p1 -1) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Carmichael_3_strong_pseudoprimes
Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes
A lot of composite numbers can be separated from primes by Fermat's Little Theorem, but there are some that completely confound it. The   Miller Rabin Test   uses a combination of Fermat's Little Theorem and Chinese Division Theorem to overcome this. The purpose of this task is to investigate such numbers using a met...
#Ruby
Ruby
# Generate Charmichael Numbers   require 'prime'   Prime.each(61) do |p| (2...p).each do |h3| g = h3 + p (1...g).each do |d| next if (g*(p-1)) % d != 0 or (-p*p) % h3 != d % h3 q = 1 + ((p - 1) * g / d) next unless q.prime? r = 1 + (p * q / h3) next unless r.prime? and (q * r) % ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language
Mathematica / Wolfram Language
Fold[f, x, {a, b, c, d}]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Maxima
Maxima
lreduce(f, [a, b, c, d], x0); /* (%o1) f(f(f(f(x0, a), b), c), d) */
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers/Pascal%27s_triangle
Catalan numbers/Pascal's triangle
Task Print out the first   15   Catalan numbers by extracting them from Pascal's triangle. See   Catalan Numbers and the Pascal Triangle.     This method enables calculation of Catalan Numbers using only addition and subtraction.   Catalan's Triangle for a Number Triangle that generates Catalan Numbers using onl...
#ZX_Spectrum_Basic
ZX Spectrum Basic
10 LET N=15 20 DIM t(N+2) 30 LET t(2)=1 40 FOR i=2 TO N+1 50 FOR j=i TO 2 STEP -1: LET t(j)=t(j)+t(j-1): NEXT j 60 LET t(i+1)=t(i) 70 FOR j=i+1 TO 2 STEP -1: LET t(j)=t(j)+t(j-1): NEXT j 80 PRINT t(i+1)-t(i);" "; 90 NEXT i
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#Scheme
Scheme
(define dog "Benjamin") (define Dog "Samba") (define DOG "Bernie")   (if (eq? dog DOG) (begin (display "There is one dog named ") (display DOG) (display ".") (newline)) (begin (display "The three dogs are named ") (display dog) (display ", ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";   const string: dog is "Benjamin"; const string: Dog is "Samba"; const string: DOG is "Bernie";   const proc: main is func begin writeln("The three dogs are named " <& dog <& ", " <& Dog <& " and " <& DOG <& "."); end func;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cartesian_product_of_two_or_more_lists
Cartesian product of two or more lists
Task Show one or more idiomatic ways of generating the Cartesian product of two arbitrary lists in your language. Demonstrate that your function/method correctly returns: {1, 2} × {3, 4} = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)} and, in contrast: {3, 4} × {1, 2} = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2)} Also demonstrate, using y...
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics function cart(sequence s) sequence res = {} for n=2 to length(s) do for i=1 to length(s[1]) do for j=1 to length(s[2]) do res = append(res,s[1][i]&s[2][j]) end for end for if length(s)=2 then exit end if s[1..2] = ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#ERRE
ERRE
PROGRAM CATALAN   PROCEDURE CATALAN(N->RES) RES=1 FOR I=1 TO N DO RES=RES*2*(2*I-1)/(I+1) END FOR END PROCEDURE   BEGIN FOR N=0 TO 15 DO CATALAN(N->RES) PRINT(N;"=";RES) END FOR END PROGRAM  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#PowerShell
PowerShell
$Date = Get-Date $Date.AddDays( 1 ) [System.Math]::Sqrt( 2 )
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Processing
Processing
// define a rudimentary class class HelloWorld { public static void sayHello() { println("Hello, world!"); } public void sayGoodbye() { println("Goodbye, cruel world!"); } }   // call the class method HelloWorld.sayHello();   // create an instance of the class HelloWorld hello = ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Python
Python
class MyClass(object): @classmethod def myClassMethod(self, x): pass @staticmethod def myStaticMethod(x): pass def myMethod(self, x): return 42 + x   myInstance = MyClass()   # Instance method myInstance.myMethod(someParameter) # A method can also be retrieved as an attribute from the class, and then explici...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#QB64
QB64
  Declare Dynamic Library "Kernel32" Sub SetLastError (ByVal dwErr As Long) Function GetLastError& () End Declare   SetLastError 20 Print GetLastError
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#R
R
dyn.load("my/special/R/lib.so") .Call("my_lib_fun", arg1, arg2)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Arturo
Arturo
brilliant?: function [x][ pf: factors.prime x and? -> 2 = size pf -> equal? size digits first pf size digits last pf ]   brilliants: new [] i: 2 while [100 > size brilliants][ if brilliant? i -> 'brilliants ++ i i: i + 1 ]   print "First 100 brilliant numbers:" loop split.eve...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#C.2B.2B
C++
#include <algorithm> #include <chrono> #include <iomanip> #include <iostream> #include <locale> #include <vector>   #include <primesieve.hpp>   auto get_primes_by_digits(uint64_t limit) { primesieve::iterator pi; std::vector<std::vector<uint64_t>> primes_by_digits; std::vector<uint64_t> primes; for (uin...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#8080_Assembly
8080 Assembly
bdos equ 5 putchar equ 2 rawio equ 6 puts equ 9 cstat equ 11 reads equ 10   org 100h mvi c,puts lxi d,signon ; Print name call bdos ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; Initialize the RNG with keyboard input mvi c,puts lxi d,entropy ; Ask for randomness call bdos mvi b,9 ; 9 times, randloo...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Factor
Factor
USING: formatting io kernel math.transforms.bwt sequences ; { "banana" "dogwood" "TO BE OR NOT TO BE OR WANT TO BE OR NOT?" "SIX.MIXED.PIXIES.SIFT.SIXTY.PIXIE.DUST.BOXES" } [ [ print ] [ bwt ] bi 2dup " bwt-->%3d %u\n" printf ibwt " ibwt->  %u\n" printf nl ] each
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "sort" "strings" )   const stx = "\002" const etx = "\003"   func bwt(s string) (string, error) { if strings.Index(s, stx) >= 0 || strings.Index(s, etx) >= 0 { return "", fmt.Errorf("String can't contain STX or ETX") } s = stx + s + etx le := len(s) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Ada
Ada
with Ada.Text_IO;   procedure Caesar is   type modulo26 is modulo 26;   function modulo26 (Character: Character; Output: Character) return modulo26 is begin return modulo26 (Character'Pos(Character)+Character'Pos(Output)); end modulo26;   function Character(Val: in modulo26; Output: Character) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#COBOL
COBOL
>>SOURCE FORMAT IS FIXED IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. EULER. DATA DIVISION. WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 01 EPSILON USAGE COMPUTATIONAL-2 VALUE 1.0E-15. 01 FACT USAGE BINARY-DOUBLE UNSIGNED VALUE 1. 01 N USAGE BINARY-INT UNSIGNED. 01 E U...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#C.2B.2B
C++
  #include <iostream> #include <sstream> #include <iomanip> #include <algorithm> #include <vector> #include <time.h>   //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- using namespace std;   //---------------------------------------------------------------------------...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar_-_for_%22REAL%22_programmers
Calendar - for "REAL" programmers
Task Provide an algorithm as per the Calendar task, except the entire code for the algorithm must be presented   entirely without lowercase. Also - as per many 1969 era line printers - format the calendar to nicely fill a page that is 132 characters wide. (Hint: manually convert the code from the Calendar task to al...
#Common_Lisp
Common Lisp
(QL:QUICKLOAD '(DATE-CALC))   (DEFPARAMETER *DAY-ROW* "SU MO TU WE TH FR SA") (DEFPARAMETER *CALENDAR-MARGIN* 3)   (DEFUN MONTH-TO-WORD (MONTH) "TRANSLATE A MONTH FROM 1 TO 12 INTO ITS WORD REPRESENTATION." (SVREF #("JANUARY" "FEBRUARY" "MARCH" "APRIL" "MAY" "JUNE" "JULY" "AUGUST" "SEPTEMBER" ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Icon_and_Unicon
Icon and Unicon
  #include <string.h> #include "icall.h" // a header routine from the Unicon sources - provides helpful type-conversion macros   int strdup_wrapper (int argc, descriptor *argv) { ArgString (1); // check that the first argument is a string   RetString (strdup (StringVal(argv[1]))); // call strdup, convert and retur...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#J
J
require 'dll' strdup=: 'msvcrt.dll _strdup >x *' cd < free=: 'msvcrt.dll free n x' cd < getstr=: free ] memr@,&0 _1
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Batch_File
Batch File
:: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function :: Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function.   @echo off   echo Calling myFunction1 call:myFunction1 echo.   echo Calling myFunction2 11 8 call:myFunction2 11 8 echo.   echo Calling myFunction3 /fi and saving the output into %%fileco...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Lua
Lua
local WIDTH = 81 local HEIGHT = 5 local lines = {}   function cantor(start, length, index) -- must be local, or only one side will get calculated local seg = math.floor(length / 3) if 0 == seg then return nil end   -- remove elements that are not in the set for it=0, HEIGHT - index do ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calkin-Wilf_sequence
Calkin-Wilf sequence
The Calkin-Wilf sequence contains every nonnegative rational number exactly once. It can be calculated recursively as follows: a1 = 1 an+1 = 1/(2⌊an⌋+1-an) for n > 1 Task part 1 Show on this page terms 1 through 20 of the Calkin-Wilf sequence. To avoid floating point error, you may want to ...
#Scheme
Scheme
; Create a terminating Continued Fraction generator for the given rational number. ; Returns one term per call; returns #f when no more terms remaining. (define make-continued-fraction-gen (lambda (rat) (let ((num (numerator rat)) (den (denominator rat))) (lambda () (if (= den 0) #f ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Casting_out_nines
Casting out nines
Task   (in three parts) Part 1 Write a procedure (say c o 9 ( x ) {\displaystyle {\mathit {co9}}(x)} ) which implements Casting Out Nines as described by returning the checksum for x {\displaystyle x} . Demonstrate the procedure using the examples given there, or others you may consider lucky. Par...
#Tcl
Tcl
proc co9 {x} { while {[string length $x] > 1} { set x [tcl::mathop::+ {*}[split $x ""]] } return $x } # Extended to the general case proc coBase {x {base 10}} { while {$x >= $base} { for {set digits {}} {$x} {set x [expr {$x / $base}]} { lappend digits [expr {$x % $base}] } set x [tcl::mathop::...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Carmichael_3_strong_pseudoprimes
Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes
A lot of composite numbers can be separated from primes by Fermat's Little Theorem, but there are some that completely confound it. The   Miller Rabin Test   uses a combination of Fermat's Little Theorem and Chinese Division Theorem to overcome this. The purpose of this task is to investigate such numbers using a met...
#Rust
Rust
  fn is_prime(n: i64) -> bool { if n > 1 { (2..((n / 2) + 1)).all(|x| n % x != 0) } else { false } }   // The modulo operator actually calculates the remainder. fn modulo(n: i64, m: i64) -> i64 { ((n % m) + m) % m }   fn carmichael(p1: i64) -> Vec<(i64, i64, i64)> { let mut results =...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Carmichael_3_strong_pseudoprimes
Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes
A lot of composite numbers can be separated from primes by Fermat's Little Theorem, but there are some that completely confound it. The   Miller Rabin Test   uses a combination of Fermat's Little Theorem and Chinese Division Theorem to overcome this. The purpose of this task is to investigate such numbers using a met...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";   const func boolean: isPrime (in integer: number) is func result var boolean: prime is FALSE; local var integer: upTo is 0; var integer: testNum is 3; begin if number = 2 then prime := TRUE; elsif odd(number) and number > 2 then upTo := sqrt(number); ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#min
min
(1 2 3 4) 0 '+ reduce puts! ; sum (1 2 3 4) 1 '* reduce puts! ; product
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Modula-2
Modula-2
MODULE Catamorphism; FROM InOut IMPORT WriteString, WriteCard, WriteLn;   (* Alas, there are no generic types. This function works for CARDINAL only - you would have to copy it and change the types to reduce functions of other types. *) TYPE Reduction = PROCEDURE (CARDINAL, CARDINAL): CARDINAL; PROCEDURE reduce(f...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#SenseTalk
SenseTalk
  set dog to "Benjamin" set Dog to "Samba" set DOG to "Bernie"   put !"There is just one dog named [[dog]]."  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#SETL
SETL
dog := 'Benjamin'; Dog := 'Samba'; DOG := 'Bernie'; print( 'There is just one dog named', dOg );
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#Sidef
Sidef
var dog = 'Benjamin'; var Dog = 'Samba'; var DOG = 'Bernie'; say "The three dogs are named #{dog}, #{Dog}, and #{DOG}.";
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cartesian_product_of_two_or_more_lists
Cartesian product of two or more lists
Task Show one or more idiomatic ways of generating the Cartesian product of two arbitrary lists in your language. Demonstrate that your function/method correctly returns: {1, 2} × {3, 4} = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)} and, in contrast: {3, 4} × {1, 2} = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2)} Also demonstrate, using y...
#Phixmonti
Phixmonti
include ..\Utilitys.pmt   def cart ( ) var res -1 get var ta -1 del -1 get var he -1 del ta "" != he "" != and if he len nip for he swap get var h drop ta len nip for ta swap get var t drop ( h t ) flatten res swap 0 put var res ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Euphoria
Euphoria
--Catalan number task from Rosetta Code wiki --User:Lnettnay   --function from factorial task function factorial(integer n) atom f = 1 while n > 1 do f *= n n -= 1 end while   return f end function   function catalan(integer n) atom numerator = factorial(2 * n) atom denominator = factorial(n+1)*factor...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Quackery
Quackery
( ---------------- zen object orientation -------------- )   [ immovable ]this[ swap do ]done[ ] is object ( --> )   [ ]'[ ] is method ( --> [ )   [ method [ dup share swap put ] ] is localise ( --> [ )   [ method [ release ] ] is delocali...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket/gui   (define timer (new timer%)) (send timer start 100)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Raku
Raku
class Thing { method regular-example() { say 'I haz a method' }   multi method multi-example() { say 'No arguments given' } multi method multi-example(Str $foo) { say 'String given' } multi method multi-example(Int $foo) { say 'Integer given' } };   # 'new' is actually a method, not a special keyword: my $thin...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket (require ffi/unsafe) (define libm (ffi-lib "libm")) ; get a handle for the C math library ; look up sqrt in the math library. if we can't find it, return the builtin sqrt (define extern-sqrt (get-ffi-obj 'sqrt libm (_fun _double -> _double) (lambda () sqrt)))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#Raku
Raku
use NativeCall;   sub XOpenDisplay(Str $s --> int64) is native('X11') {*} sub XCloseDisplay(int64 $i --> int32) is native('X11') {*}   if try my $d = XOpenDisplay ":0.0" { say "ID = $d"; XCloseDisplay($d); } else { say "No X11 library!"; say "Use this window instead --> ⬜"; }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Factor
Factor
USING: assocs formatting grouping io kernel lists lists.lazy math math.functions math.primes.factors prettyprint project-euler.common sequences ;   MEMO: brilliant? ( n -- ? ) factors [ length 2 = ] keep [ number-length ] map all-eq? and ;   : lbrilliant ( -- list ) 2 lfrom [ brilliant? ] lfilter 1 lfrom lz...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" "sort" )   var primes = rcu.Primes(1e8 - 1)   type res struct { bc interface{} next int }   func getBrilliant(digits, limit int, countOnly bool) res { var brilliant []int count := 0 pow := 1 next := math.MaxInt for k := 1; k <= dig...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Action.21
Action!
DEFINE DIGNUM="4"   TYPE Score=[BYTE bulls,cows,err]   PROC Generate(CHAR ARRAY secret) DEFINE DIGCOUNT="9" CHAR ARRAY digits(DIGCOUNT) BYTE i,j,d,tmp,count   FOR i=0 TO DIGCOUNT-1 DO digits(i)=i+'1 OD   secret(0)=DIGNUM count=DIGCOUNT FOR i=1 TO DIGNUM DO d=Rand(count) secret(i)=digits(...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Groovy
Groovy
class BWT { private static final String STX = "\u0002" private static final String ETX = "\u0003"   private static String bwt(String s) { if (s.contains(STX) || s.contains(ETX)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("String cannot contain STX or ETX") }   String ss = STX +...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#ALGOL_68
ALGOL 68
#!/usr/local/bin/a68g --script #   program caesar: BEGIN   MODE MODXXVI = SHORT SHORT INT; # MOD26 #   PROC to m26 = (CHAR c, offset)MODXXVI: BEGIN ABS c - ABS offset END #to m26#;   PROC to char = (MODXXVI value, CHAR offset)CHAR: BEGIN REPR ( ABS offset + value MOD 26 ) END #to char#;...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Commodore_BASIC
Commodore BASIC
  100 REM COMPUTE E VIA INVERSE FACTORIAL SUM 110 N = 11:REM NUMBER OF ITERATIONS 120 E = 1:REM APPROXIMATE E HERE 130 F = 1:REM BUILD FACTORIAL HERE 140 FOR I = 1 TO N 150 : F = F*I 160 : E = E + 1/F 170 NEXT I 180 PRINT "AFTER" N "ITERATIONS, E =" E
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Common_Lisp
Common Lisp
(ql:quickload :computable-reals :silent t) (use-package :computable-reals)   (defparameter *iterations* 1000)   (let ((e 1) (f 1)) (loop for i from 1 to *iterations* doing (setq f (* f i)) (setq e (+ e (/ 1 f)))) (format t "After ~a iterations, e = " *iterations*) (print-r e 2570))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#Common_Lisp
Common Lisp
  (defun random-number () (do* ((lst '(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9) (remove d lst)) (l 9 (length lst)) (d (nth (random l) lst) (nth (random l) lst)) (number nil (cons d number))) ((= l 5) number)))   (defun validp (number) (loop for el in number with rst = (rest number) do (cond ((= el ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar_-_for_%22REAL%22_programmers
Calendar - for "REAL" programmers
Task Provide an algorithm as per the Calendar task, except the entire code for the algorithm must be presented   entirely without lowercase. Also - as per many 1969 era line printers - format the calendar to nicely fill a page that is 132 characters wide. (Hint: manually convert the code from the Calendar task to al...
#D
D
IMPORT STD.STDIO, STD.DATETIME, STD.STRING, STD.CONV, STD.ALGORITHM, STD.ARRAY; VOID PRINT_CALENDAR(IN UINT YEAR, IN UINT COLS) IN { ASSERT(COLS > 0 && COLS <= 12); } BODY { STATIC ENUM CAMEL_CASE = (STRING[] PARTS) PURE => PARTS[0] ~ PARTS[1 .. $].MAP!CAPITALIZE.JOIN; IMMUTABLE ROWS = 12 /...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Java
Java
public class JNIDemo { static { System.loadLibrary("JNIDemo"); }   public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(callStrdup("Hello World!")); }   private static native String callStrdup(String s); }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#BBC_BASIC
BBC BASIC
PRINT SQR(2)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Mathematica.2FWolfram_Language
Mathematica/Wolfram Language
Graphics[MeshPrimitives[CantorMesh[#],1]/.{x_}:>{x,-0.05#}&/@Range[5],ImageSize->600]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Modula-2
Modula-2
MODULE Cantor; FROM Terminal IMPORT Write,WriteLn,ReadChar;   CONST WIDTH = 81; HEIGHT = 5; VAR lines : ARRAY[0..HEIGHT] OF ARRAY[0..WIDTH] OF CHAR;   PROCEDURE Init; VAR i,j : CARDINAL; BEGIN FOR i:=0 TO HEIGHT DO FOR j:=0 TO WIDTH DO lines[i,j] := '*' END END END Init; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calkin-Wilf_sequence
Calkin-Wilf sequence
The Calkin-Wilf sequence contains every nonnegative rational number exactly once. It can be calculated recursively as follows: a1 = 1 an+1 = 1/(2⌊an⌋+1-an) for n > 1 Task part 1 Show on this page terms 1 through 20 of the Calkin-Wilf sequence. To avoid floating point error, you may want to ...
#Sidef
Sidef
func calkin_wilf(n) is cached { return 1 if (n == 1) 1/(2*floor(__FUNC__(n-1)) + 1 - __FUNC__(n-1)) }   func r2cw(r) {   var cfrac = r.as_cfrac cfrac.len.is_odd || return nil   Num(cfrac.flip.map_kv {|k,v| (k.is_odd ? '0' : '1') * v }.join, 2) }   with (20) {|n| say "First #{n} terms of the Calk...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calkin-Wilf_sequence
Calkin-Wilf sequence
The Calkin-Wilf sequence contains every nonnegative rational number exactly once. It can be calculated recursively as follows: a1 = 1 an+1 = 1/(2⌊an⌋+1-an) for n > 1 Task part 1 Show on this page terms 1 through 20 of the Calkin-Wilf sequence. To avoid floating point error, you may want to ...
#Vlang
Vlang
import math.fractions import math import strconv   fn calkin_wilf(n int) []fractions.Fraction { mut cw := []fractions.Fraction{len: n+1} cw[0] = fractions.fraction(1, 1) one := fractions.fraction(1, 1) two := fractions.fraction(2, 1) for i in 1..n { mut t := cw[i-1] mut f := t.f64() ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Casting_out_nines
Casting out nines
Task   (in three parts) Part 1 Write a procedure (say c o 9 ( x ) {\displaystyle {\mathit {co9}}(x)} ) which implements Casting Out Nines as described by returning the checksum for x {\displaystyle x} . Demonstrate the procedure using the examples given there, or others you may consider lucky. Par...
#Visual_Basic_.NET
Visual Basic .NET
Module Module1 Sub Print(ls As List(Of Integer)) Dim iter = ls.GetEnumerator Console.Write("[") If iter.MoveNext Then Console.Write(iter.Current) End If While iter.MoveNext Console.Write(", ") Console.Write(iter.Current) End While ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Carmichael_3_strong_pseudoprimes
Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes
A lot of composite numbers can be separated from primes by Fermat's Little Theorem, but there are some that completely confound it. The   Miller Rabin Test   uses a combination of Fermat's Little Theorem and Chinese Division Theorem to overcome this. The purpose of this task is to investigate such numbers using a met...
#Sidef
Sidef
func forprimes(a, b, callback) { for (a = (a-1 -> next_prime); a <= b; a.next_prime!) { callback(a) } }   forprimes(3, 61, func(p) { for h3 in (2 ..^ p) { var ph3 = (p + h3) for d in (1 ..^ ph3) { ((-p * p) % h3) != (d % h3) && next ((p-1) * ph3) % d && next var...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Nemerle
Nemerle
def seq = [1, 4, 6, 3, 7]; def sum = seq.Fold(0, _ + _); // Fold takes an initial value and a function, here the + operator
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Nim
Nim
import sequtils   block: let numbers = @[5, 9, 11] addition = foldl(numbers, a + b) substraction = foldl(numbers, a - b) multiplication = foldl(numbers, a * b) words = @["nim", "is", "cool"] concatenation = foldl(words, a & b)   block: let numbers = @[5, 9, 11] addition = foldr(numbe...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#Simula
Simula
begin text dog; dog :- blanks( 8 ); dog := "Benjamin"; Dog := "Samba"; DOG := "Bernie"; outtext( "There is just one dog, named " ); outtext( dog ); outimage end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#Smalltalk
Smalltalk
|dog Dog DOG| dog := 'Benjamin'. Dog := 'Samba'. DOG := 'Bernie'. ( 'The three dogs are named %1, %2 and %3' % { dog . Dog . DOG } ) displayNl.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#SNOBOL4
SNOBOL4
DOG = 'Benjamin' Dog = 'Samba' dog = 'Bernie' OUTPUT = 'The three dogs are named ' DOG ', ' Dog ', and ' dog END
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cartesian_product_of_two_or_more_lists
Cartesian product of two or more lists
Task Show one or more idiomatic ways of generating the Cartesian product of two arbitrary lists in your language. Demonstrate that your function/method correctly returns: {1, 2} × {3, 4} = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)} and, in contrast: {3, 4} × {1, 2} = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2)} Also demonstrate, using y...
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
(de 2lists (L1 L2) (mapcan '((I) (mapcar '((A) ((if (atom A) list cons) I A)) L2 ) ) L1 ) ) (de reduce (L . @) (ifn (rest) L (2lists L (apply reduce (rest)))) ) (de cartesian (L . @) (and L (rest) (pass reduce L)) )   (println (cartesian (1 2)) ) (println (car...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#F.23
F#
  Seq.unfold(fun (c,n) -> let cc = 2*(2*n-1)*c/(n+1) in Some(c,(cc,n+1))) (1,1) |> Seq.take 15 |> Seq.iter (printf "%i, ")  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Ring
Ring
  new point { print() } Class Point x = 10 y = 20 z = 30 func print see x + nl + y + nl + z + nl  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Ruby
Ruby
# Class method MyClass.some_method(some_parameter)   # Class may be computed at runtime foo = MyClass foo.some_method(some_parameter)     # Instance method my_instance.a_method(some_parameter)   # The parentheses are optional my_instance.a_method some_parameter   # Calling a method with no parameters my_instance.anothe...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Rust
Rust
struct Foo;   impl Foo { // implementation of an instance method for struct Foo // returning the answer to life fn get_the_answer_to_life(&self) -> i32 { 42 }   // implementation of a static method for struct Foo // returning a new instance object fn new() -> Foo { println!("...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program calls a function (sysTextScreenSize) in a shared library (regUtil). */   /*Note: the REGUTIL.DLL (REGina UTILity Dynamic Link Library */ /* should be in the PATH or the current directory. */   rca= rxFuncAdd('sysLoadFuncs', "regUtil", '...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#Ruby
Ruby
require 'fiddle/import'   module FakeImgLib extend Fiddle::Importer begin dlload './fakeimglib.so' extern 'int openimage(const char *)' rescue Fiddle::DLError # Either fakeimglib or openimage() is missing. @@handle = -1 def openimage(path) $stderr.puts "internal openimage opens #{path}\n...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Haskell
Haskell
import Control.Monad (join) import Data.Bifunctor (bimap) import Data.List (intercalate, transpose) import Data.List.Split (chunksOf, splitWhen) import Data.Numbers.Primes (primeFactors) import Text.Printf (printf)   -------------------- BRILLIANT NUMBERS -------------------   isBrilliant :: (Integral a, Show a) => a -...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#360_Assembly
360 Assembly
* calendar 08/06/2016 CALENDAR CSECT USING CALENDAR,R13 base register B 72(R15) skip savearea DC 17F'0' savearea STM R14,R12,12(R13) prolog ST R13,4(R15) " ST R15,8(R13) " ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#ABAP
ABAP
class friendly_class definition deferred.   class my_class definition friends friendly_class .   public section. methods constructor.   private section. data secret type char30.   endclass.   class my_class implementation .   method constructor. secret = 'a password'. " Instantiate secret. endmethod...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Ada
Ada
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random;   procedure Bulls_And_Cows is package Random_Natural is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random (Natural); Number : String (1..4); begin declare -- Generation of number use Random_Natural; Digit  : String  := "123456789"; Size...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Haskell
Haskell
-- A straightforward, inefficient implementation of the Burrows–Wheeler -- transform, based on the description in the Wikipedia article. -- -- Special characters are *not* used to indicate the start or end of sequences, -- so all strings can be represented.   import Data.List ((!!), find, sort, tails, transpose) import...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#APL
APL
  ∇CAESAR[⎕]∇ ∇ [0] A←K CAESAR V [1] A←'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz' [2] ((,V∊A)/,V)←A[⎕IO+52|(2×K)+((A⍳,V)-⎕IO)~52] [3] A←V ∇  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#D
D
import std.math; import std.stdio;   enum EPSILON = 1.0e-15;   void main() { ulong fact = 1; double e = 2.0; double e0; int n = 2; do { e0 = e; fact *= n++; e += 1.0 / fact; } while (abs(e - e0) >= EPSILON); writefln("e = %.15f", e); }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#dc
dc
1000 sn [ n = number of iterations ]sx 2574k [ precision to use during computation ]sx 1 d se sf [ set e and f to 1 ]sx 0 si [ set i to 0 ]sx [ [ p = begin ]sx lf li 1 + d si * sf [ f = f*(++i) ]sx le 1 lf / + se [...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#Crystal
Crystal
size = 4 scores = [] of Tuple(Int32, Int32) guesses = [] of Array(Char) puts "Playing Bulls & Cows with #{size} unique digits." possible_guesses = ('1'..'9').to_a.permutations(size).shuffle   loop do guesses << (current_guess = possible_guesses.pop) print "Guess #{guesses.size} (#{possible_guesses.size}) is #{curre...