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http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Forth
Forth
: catalan ( n -- ) 1 swap 1+ 1 do dup cr . i 2* 1- 2* i 1+ */ loop drop ;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#VBA
VBA
  Option Explicit   Sub Method_1(Optional myStr As String) Dim strTemp As String If myStr <> "" Then strTemp = myStr Debug.Print strTemp End Sub   Static Sub Method_2(Optional myStr As String) Dim strTemp As String If myStr <> "" Then strTemp = myStr Debug.Print strTemp End Sub
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Wren
Wren
class MyClass { construct new() {} method() { System.print("instance method called") } static method() { System.print("static method called") } }   var mc = MyClass.new() mc.method() MyClass.method()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#Ursala
Ursala
#import std #import flo   my_replacement = fleq/0.?/~& negative   abs = math.|fabs my_replacement
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#VBA
VBA
function ffun(x, y) implicit none !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES DLLEXPORT, STDCALL, REFERENCE :: ffun double precision :: x, y, ffun ffun = x + y * y end function
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Python
Python
from primesieve.numpy import primes from math import isqrt import numpy as np   max_order = 9 blocks = [primes(10**n, 10**(n + 1)) for n in range(max_order)]   def smallest_brilliant(lb): pos = 1 root = isqrt(lb)   for blk in blocks: n = len(blk) if blk[-1]*blk[-1] < lb: pos += n...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brace_expansion
Brace expansion
Brace expansion is a type of parameter expansion made popular by Unix shells, where it allows users to specify multiple similar string parameters without having to type them all out. E.g. the parameter enable_{audio,video} would be interpreted as if both enable_audio and enable_video had been specified. Task[edit] W...
#AppleScript
AppleScript
use AppleScript version "2.4" -- OS X 10.10 (Yosemite) or later use framework "Foundation" use scripting additions   on braceExpansion(textForExpansion) -- Massage the text to pass to a shell script: - -- Single-quote it to render everything in it initially immune from brace and file-system expansion. -- In...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#11l
11l
F isPrime(n) I n % 2 == 0 R n == 2 I n % 3 == 0 R n == 3 V d = 5 L d * d <= n I n % d == 0 R 0B I n % (d + 2) == 0 R 0B d += 6 R 1B   F sameDigits(=n, b) V d = n % b n I/= b I d == 0 R 0B L n > 0 I n % b != d R 0B n I/...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#AutoHotkey
AutoHotkey
Calendar(Yr){ LastDay := [], Day := [] Titles = (ltrim ______January_________________February_________________March_______ _______April____________________May____________________June________ ________July___________________August_________________September_____ ______October_________________November_______________...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#E
E
open System open System.Reflection   type MyClass() = let answer = 42 member this.GetAnswer with get() = answer     [<EntryPoint>] let main argv = let myInstance = MyClass() let fieldInfo = myInstance.GetType().GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic ||| BindingFlags.Instance) let answer ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#F.23
F#
open System open System.Reflection   type MyClass() = let answer = 42 member this.GetAnswer with get() = answer     [<EntryPoint>] let main argv = let myInstance = MyClass() let fieldInfo = myInstance.GetType().GetField("answer", BindingFlags.NonPublic ||| BindingFlags.Instance) let answer ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#AutoHotkey
AutoHotkey
SetBatchLines -1 Process, Priority,, high size := 400 D := .08 num := size * size * d field:= Object() field[size//2, size//2] := true ; set the seed lost := 0   Loop % num { x := Rnd(1, size), y := Rnd(1, size) Loop { oldX := X, oldY := Y x += Rnd(-1, 1), y += Rnd(1, -1) If ( field[x, y] ) { field[ol...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Arturo
Arturo
rand: first.n: 4 unique map 1..10 => [sample 0..9] bulls: 0   while [bulls <> 4][ bulls: new 0 cows: new 0   got: strip input "make a guess: " if? or? not? numeric? got 4 <> size got -> print "Malformed answer. Try again!" else [ loop.with:'i split got 'digit [ if? (to :...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Ksh
Ksh
  #!/bin/ksh   # Burrows–Wheeler transform   # # Variables: # export LC_COLLATE=POSIX   STX=\^ # start marker ETX=\| # end marker   typeset -a str str[0]='BANANA' str[1]='appellee' str[2]='dogwood' str[3]='TO BE OR NOT TO BE OR WANT TO BE OR NOT?' str[4]='SIX.MIXED.PIXIES.SIFT.SIXTY.PIXIE.DUST.BOXES' str[5]='|ABC^'  ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Lua
Lua
STX = string.char(tonumber(2,16)) ETX = string.char(tonumber(3,16))   function bwt(s) if s:find(STX, 1, true) then error("String cannot contain STX") end if s:find(ETX, 1, true) then error("String cannot contain ETX") end   local ss = STX .. s .. ETX local tbl = {} for i=1,#s...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#ARM_Assembly
ARM Assembly
  /* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */ /* program caresarcode.s */   /* Constantes */ .equ STDOUT, 1 @ Linux output console .equ EXIT, 1 @ Linux syscall .equ WRITE, 4 @ Linux syscall   .equ STRINGSIZE, 500   /* Initialized data ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Emacs_Lisp
Emacs Lisp
(defun factorial (i) "Compute factorial of i." (apply #'* (number-sequence 1 i)))   (defun compute-e (iter) "Compute e." (apply #'+ 1 (mapcar (lambda (x) (/ 1.0 x)) (mapcar #'factorial (number-sequence 1 iter)))))   (compute-e 20)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Epoxy
Epoxy
fn CalculateE(P) var E:1,F:1 loop I:1;I<=P;I+:1 do F*:I E+:1/F cls return E cls   log(CalculateE(100)) log(math.e)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#Fortran
Fortran
module Player implicit none   contains   subroutine Init(candidates) integer, intent(in out) :: candidates(:) integer :: a, b, c, d, n   n = 0 thousands: do a = 1, 9 hundreds: do b = 1, 9 tens: do c = 1, 9 units: do d = 1, 9 if (b == a) cycle hundreds ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar_-_for_%22REAL%22_programmers
Calendar - for "REAL" programmers
Task Provide an algorithm as per the Calendar task, except the entire code for the algorithm must be presented   entirely without lowercase. Also - as per many 1969 era line printers - format the calendar to nicely fill a page that is 132 characters wide. (Hint: manually convert the code from the Calendar task to al...
#GUISS
GUISS
RIGHTCLICK:CLOCK,ADJUST DATE AND TIME,BUTTON:CANCEL
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Luck
Luck
import "stdio.h";; import "string.h";;   let s1:string = "Hello World!";; let s2:char* = strdup(cstring(s1));; puts(s2);; free(s2 as void*)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#M2000_Interpreter
M2000 Interpreter
    Module CheckCCall { mybuf$=string$(chr$(0), 1000) a$="Hello There 12345"+Chr$(0) Print Len(a$) Buffer Clear Mem as Byte*Len(a$) \\ copy to Mem the converted a$ (from Utf-16Le to ANSI) Return Mem, 0:=str$(a$)   Declare MyStrDup Lib C "msvcrt._strdup" { Long Ptr} Decl...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#C.2B.2B
C++
    /* function with no arguments */ foo();  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Python
Python
WIDTH = 81 HEIGHT = 5   lines=[] def cantor(start, len, index): seg = len / 3 if seg == 0: return None for it in xrange(HEIGHT-index): i = index + it for jt in xrange(seg): j = start + seg + jt pos = i * WIDTH + j lines[pos] = ' ' cantor(start,...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Carmichael_3_strong_pseudoprimes
Carmichael 3 strong pseudoprimes
A lot of composite numbers can be separated from primes by Fermat's Little Theorem, but there are some that completely confound it. The   Miller Rabin Test   uses a combination of Fermat's Little Theorem and Chinese Division Theorem to overcome this. The purpose of this task is to investigate such numbers using a met...
#ZX_Spectrum_Basic
ZX Spectrum Basic
10 FOR p=2 TO 61 20 LET n=p: GO SUB 1000 30 IF NOT n THEN GO TO 200 40 FOR h=1 TO p-1 50 FOR d=1 TO h-1+p 60 IF NOT (FN m((h+p)*(p-1),d)=0 AND FN w(-p*p,h)=FN m(d,h)) THEN GO TO 180 70 LET q=INT (1+((p-1)*(h+p)/d)) 80 LET n=q: GO SUB 1000 90 IF NOT n THEN GO TO 180 100 LET r=INT (1+(p*q/h)) 110 LET n=r: GO SUB 1000 120...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#PARI.2FGP
PARI/GP
reduce(f, v)={ my(t=v[1]); for(i=2,#v,t=f(t,v[i])); t }; reduce((a,b)->a+b, [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10])
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#XLISP
XLISP
(SETQ DOG 'BENJAMIN) (SETQ Dog 'SAMBA) (SETQ dog 'BERNIE) (DISPLAY `(THERE IS JUST ONE DOG NAMED ,DOG))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#XPL0
XPL0
  dog$ = "Benjamin" Dog$ = "Samba" DOG$ = "Bernie" print "The three dogs are named ", dog$, ", ", Dog$, " and ", DOG$ end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#Yabasic
Yabasic
  dog$ = "Benjamin" Dog$ = "Samba" DOG$ = "Bernie" print "The three dogs are named ", dog$, ", ", Dog$, " and ", DOG$ end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cartesian_product_of_two_or_more_lists
Cartesian product of two or more lists
Task Show one or more idiomatic ways of generating the Cartesian product of two arbitrary lists in your language. Demonstrate that your function/method correctly returns: {1, 2} × {3, 4} = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)} and, in contrast: {3, 4} × {1, 2} = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2)} Also demonstrate, using y...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket/base (require rackunit  ;; usually, included in "racket", but we're using racket/base so we  ;; show where this comes from (only-in racket/list cartesian-product)) ;; these tests will pass silently (check-equal? (cartesian-product '(1 2) '(3 4)) '((1 3) (1 4) (2 3) (2 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Fortran
Fortran
program main !======================================================================================= implicit none   !=== Local data integer :: n   !=== External procedures double precision, external :: catalan_numbers   !=== Execution =====================================...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#XBS
XBS
class MyClass { construct=func(self,Props){ self:Props=Props; }{Props={}} GetProp=func(self,Name){ send self.Props[Name]; } }   set Class = new MyClass with [{Name="MyClass Name"}]; log(Class::GetProp("Name"));
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#XLISP
XLISP
(DEFINE-CLASS MY-CLASS)   (DEFINE-CLASS-METHOD (MY-CLASS 'DO-SOMETHING-WITH SOME-PARAMETER) (DISPLAY "I am the class -- ") (DISPLAY SELF) (NEWLINE) (DISPLAY "You sent me the parameter ") (DISPLAY SOME-PARAMETER) (NEWLINE))   (DEFINE-METHOD (MY-CLASS 'DO-SOMETHING-WITH SOME-PARAMETER) (DISPLA...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#Zig
Zig
const assert = @import("std").debug.assert;   pub const ID = struct { name: []const u8, age: u7,   const Self = @This();   pub fn init(name: []const u8, age: u7) Self { return Self{ .name = name, .age = age, }; }   pub fn getAge(self: Self) u7 { re...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_an_object_method
Call an object method
In object-oriented programming a method is a function associated with a particular class or object. In most forms of object oriented implementations methods can be static, associated with the class itself; or instance, associated with an instance of a class. Show how to call a static or class method, and an instance m...
#zkl
zkl
class C{var v; fcn f{v}} C.f() // call function f in class C C.v=5; c2:=C(); // create new instance of C println(C.f()," ",c2.f()) //-->5 Void C.f.isStatic //--> False   class [static] D{var v=123; fcn f{v}} D.f(); D().f(); // both return 123 D.f.isStatic //-->False   class E{var v; fcn f{}} E.f.isStatic //-->True
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#Wren
Wren
/* call_shared_library_function.wren */   var RTLD_LAZY = 1   foreign class DL { construct open(file, mode) {}   foreign call(symbol, arg)   foreign close() }   class My { static openimage(s) { System.print("internal openimage opens %(s)...") if (!__handle) __handle = 0 __handle ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#X86-64_Assembly
X86-64 Assembly
  option casemap:none   windows64 equ 1 linux64 equ 3   ifndef __LIB_CLASS__ __LIB_CLASS__ equ 1   if @Platform eq windows64 option dllimport:<kernel32> HeapAlloc proto :qword, :dword, :qword HeapFree proto :qword, :dword, :qword ExitProcess proto :dword Ge...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Raku
Raku
use Lingua::EN::Numbers;   # Find an abundance of primes to use to generate brilliants my %primes = (2..100000).grep( &is-prime ).categorize: { .chars };   # Generate brilliant numbers my @brilliant = lazy flat (1..*).map: -> $digits { sort flat (^%primes{$digits}).race.map: { %primes{$digits}[$_] X× (flat %primes{...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Rust
Rust
// [dependencies] // primal = "0.3" // indexing = "0.4.1"   fn get_primes_by_digits(limit: usize) -> Vec<Vec<usize>> { let mut primes_by_digits = Vec::new(); let mut power = 10; let mut primes = Vec::new(); for prime in primal::Primes::all().take_while(|p| *p < limit) { if prime > power { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brace_expansion
Brace expansion
Brace expansion is a type of parameter expansion made popular by Unix shells, where it allows users to specify multiple similar string parameters without having to type them all out. E.g. the parameter enable_{audio,video} would be interpreted as if both enable_audio and enable_video had been specified. Task[edit] W...
#AutoHotkey
AutoHotkey
;This one is a lot more simpler than the rest BraceExp(string, del:="`n") { Loop, Parse, string if (A_LoopField = "{") break else substring .= A_LoopField substr := SubStr(string, InStr(string, "{")+1, InStr(string, "}")-InStr(string, "{")-1) Loop, Parse, substr, `, toreturn .= substring . A_LoopField . d...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Action.21
Action!
INCLUDE "H6:SIEVE.ACT"   BYTE FUNC SameDigits(INT x,b) INT d   d=x MOD b x==/b WHILE x>0 DO IF x MOD b#d THEN RETURN (0) FI x==/b OD RETURN (1)   BYTE FUNC IsBrazilian(INT x) INT b   IF x<7 THEN RETURN (0) FI IF x MOD 2=0 THEN RETURN (1) FI FOR b=2 TO x-2 DO IF SameDigits(x,b...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#AutoIt
AutoIt
  #include <Date.au3>   ; Set the count of characters in each line, minimum is 20 - one month. Global $iPrintSize = 132   ; Set the count of months, you want to print side by side. With "0" it calculates automatically. ; The number will corrected, if it not allowed to print in an rectangle. ; If your print size is to s...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#Factor
Factor
( scratchpad ) USING: sets sets.private ; ( scratchpad ) { 1 2 3 } { 1 2 4 } sequence/tester count . 2
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#Forth
Forth
include FMS-SI.f   99 value x \ create a global variable named x   :class foo ivar x \ this x is private to the class foo  :m init: 10 x ! ;m \ constructor  :m print x ? ;m ;class   foo f1 \ instantiate a foo object f1 print \ 10 access the private x with the print message   x . \ 99 x is a globally sc...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
'FB 1.05.0 Win64   #Undef Private #Undef Protected #Define Private Public #Define Protected Public   Type MyType Public : x As Integer = 1 Protected : y As Integer = 2 Private : z As Integer = 3 End Type   Dim mt As MyType Print mt.x, mt.y, mt.z Print Print "Press any key to quit" Sleep
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#BBC_BASIC
BBC BASIC
SYS "SetWindowText", @hwnd%, "Brownian Tree" SIZE = 400   VDU 23,22,SIZE;SIZE;8,16,16,0 GCOL 10   REM set the seed: PLOT SIZE, SIZE   OFF REPEAT   REM set particle's initial position: REPEAT X% = RND(SIZE)-1 Y% = RND(SIZE)-1 UNT...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#AutoHotkey
AutoHotkey
length:=4, Code:="" ; settings   While StrLen(Code) < length { Random, num, 1, 9 If !InStr(Code, num) Code .= num } Gui, Add, Text, w83 vInfo, I'm thinking of a %length%-digit number with no duplicate digits. Gui, Add, Edit, wp vGuess, Enter a guess... Gui, Add, Button, wp Default vDefault, Submit Gui, Add, Edit, y...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language
Mathematica / Wolfram Language
ClearAll[BurrowWheeler, InverseBurrowWheeler] BurrowWheeler[sin_String, {bdelim_, edelim_}] := Module[{s}, s = Characters[bdelim <> sin <> edelim]; s = RotateLeft[s, #] & /@ Range[Length[s]]; StringJoin[LexicographicSort[s][[All, -1]]] ] InverseBurrowWheeler[sin_String, {bdelim_, edelim_}] := Module[{s, chars},...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Nim
Nim
import algorithm from sequtils import repeat import strutils except repeat   const Stx = '\2' Etx = '\3'   #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   func bwTransform*(s: string): string = ## Apply Burrows–Wheeler transform to input string.   doAssert(...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Arturo
Arturo
ia: to :integer `a` iA: to :integer `A` lowAZ: `a`..`z` uppAZ: `A`..`Z`   caesar: function [s, xx][ k: (not? null? attr 'decode)? -> 26-xx -> xx result: new "" loop s 'i [ (in? i lowAZ)? -> 'result ++ to :char ia + (k + (to :integer i) - ia) % 26 [ (in? i uppAZ)? -> 'result ++ to...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Excel
Excel
eApprox =LAMBDA(n, INDEX( FOLDROW( LAMBDA(efl, LAMBDA(x, LET( flx, INDEX(efl, 2) * x, e, INDEX(efl, 1),   CHOOSE( {1;2}, e + (1 / fl...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "bufio" "fmt" "os" "strconv" "strings" )   func main() { fmt.Println(`Cows and bulls/player You think of four digit number of unique digits in the range 1 to 9. I guess. You score my guess: A correct digit but not in the correct place is a cow. A correct digit in...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar_-_for_%22REAL%22_programmers
Calendar - for "REAL" programmers
Task Provide an algorithm as per the Calendar task, except the entire code for the algorithm must be presented   entirely without lowercase. Also - as per many 1969 era line printers - format the calendar to nicely fill a page that is 132 characters wide. (Hint: manually convert the code from the Calendar task to al...
#Icon_and_Unicon
Icon and Unicon
$include "REALIZE.ICN"   LINK DATETIME $define ISLEAPYEAR IsLeapYear $define JULIAN julian   PROCEDURE MAIN(A) PRINTCALENDAR(\A$<1$>|1969) END   PROCEDURE PRINTCALENDAR(YEAR) COLS := 3 MONS := $<$> "JANUARY FEBRUARY MA...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Maple
Maple
> strdup := define_external( strdup, s::string, RETURN::string, LIB = "/lib/libc.so.6" ): > strdup( "foo" ); "foo"  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Mathematica.2FWolfram_Language
Mathematica/Wolfram Language
Needs["NETLink`"]; externalstrdup = DefineDLLFunction["_strdup", "msvcrt.dll", "string", {"string"}]; Print["Duplicate: ", externalstrdup["Hello world!"]]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#COBOL
COBOL
CALL "No-Arguments"   *> Fixed number of arguments. CALL "2-Arguments" USING Foo Bar   CALL "Optional-Arguments" USING Foo CALL "Optional-Arguments" USING Foo Bar *> If an optional argument is omitted and replaced with OMITTED, any following *> arguments can still be specified. CALL "Optional-Arguments" USING Foo OMITT...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#QB64
QB64
_Title "Cantor Set"   Dim Shared As Integer sw, sh, wide, high sw = 800: sh = 200: wide = 729: high = 7 Dim Shared As Integer a(wide, high)   Screen _NewImage(sw, sh, 8) Cls , 15: Color 0   Call calc(0, wide, 1) Call CantorSet   Sleep System   Sub calc (start As Integer, length As Integer, index As Integer) Dim As ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Quackery
Quackery
[ $ "" swap witheach [ nested quackery join ] ] is expand ( $ --> $ )   [ $ "ABA" ] is A ( $ --> $ )   [ $ "BBB" ] is B ( $ --> $ )   [ char A = iff [ char q ] else space swap of echo$ ] is draw ( n c --> $ )   81 $ "A" 5 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Pascal
Pascal
program reduceApp;   type // tmyArray = array of LongInt; tmyArray = array[-5..5] of LongInt; tmyFunc = function (a,b:LongInt):LongInt;   function add(x,y:LongInt):LongInt; begin add := x+y; end;   function sub(k,l:LongInt):LongInt; begin sub := k-l; end;   function mul(r,t:LongInt):LongInt; begin mul := r*t...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#zkl
zkl
var dog = "Benjamin", Dog = "Samba", DOG = "Bernie";
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Case-sensitivity_of_identifiers
Case-sensitivity of identifiers
Three dogs (Are there three dogs or one dog?) is a code snippet used to illustrate the lettercase sensitivity of the programming language. For a case-sensitive language, the identifiers dog, Dog and DOG are all different and we should get the output: The three dogs are named Benjamin, Samba and Bernie. For a language...
#ZX_Spectrum_Basic
ZX Spectrum Basic
10 LET D$="Benjamin" 20 PRINT "There is just one dog named ";d$
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cartesian_product_of_two_or_more_lists
Cartesian product of two or more lists
Task Show one or more idiomatic ways of generating the Cartesian product of two arbitrary lists in your language. Demonstrate that your function/method correctly returns: {1, 2} × {3, 4} = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)} and, in contrast: {3, 4} × {1, 2} = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2)} Also demonstrate, using y...
#Raku
Raku
# cartesian product of two lists using the X cross meta-operator say (1, 2) X (3, 4); say (3, 4) X (1, 2); say (1, 2) X ( ); say ( ) X ( 1, 2 );   # cartesian product of variable number of lists using # the [X] reduce cross meta-operator say [X] (1776, 1789), (7, 12), (4, 14, 23), (0, 1); say [X] (1, 2, 3), (30), (5...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64   Function factorial(n As UInteger) As UInteger If n = 0 Then Return 1 Return n * factorial(n - 1) End Function   Function catalan1(n As UInteger) As UInteger Dim prod As UInteger = 1 For i As UInteger = n + 2 To 2 * n prod *= i Next Return prod / factorial(n) End Function   Function ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function_in_a_shared_library
Call a function in a shared library
Show how to call a function in a shared library (without dynamically linking to it at compile-time). In particular, show how to call the shared library function if the library is available, otherwise use an internal equivalent function. This is a special case of calling a foreign language function where the focus is c...
#zkl
zkl
var BN=Import("zklBigNum"); BN(1)+2 //--> BN(3)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Sidef
Sidef
func is_briliant_number(n) { n.is_semiprime && (n.factor.map{.len}.uniq.len == 1) }   func brilliant_numbers_count(n) {   var count = 0 var len = n.isqrt.len   for k in (1 .. len-1) { var pi = prime_count(10**(k-1), 10**k - 1) count += binomial(pi, 2)+pi }   var min = (10**(len -...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Swift
Swift
// Refs: // https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/sieve-of-eratosthenes/?ref=leftbar-rightbar // https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/array/init(repeating:count:)-5zvh4 // https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/brilliant-numbers/#:~:text=Brilliant%20Number%20is%20a%20number,25%2C%2035%2C%2049%E2%80%A6.   // Using Sieve of Er...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brace_expansion
Brace expansion
Brace expansion is a type of parameter expansion made popular by Unix shells, where it allows users to specify multiple similar string parameters without having to type them all out. E.g. the parameter enable_{audio,video} would be interpreted as if both enable_audio and enable_video had been specified. Task[edit] W...
#C
C
#include <stdbool.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h>   #define BUFFER_SIZE 128   typedef unsigned char character; typedef character *string;   typedef struct node_t node; struct node_t { enum tag_t { NODE_LEAF, NODE_TREE, NODE_SEQ, } tag;   union { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#ALGOL_W
ALGOL W
begin % find some Brazilian numbers - numbers N whose representation in some %  % base B ( 1 < B < N-1 ) has all the same digits  %  % set b( 1 :: n ) to a sieve of Brazilian numbers where b( i ) is true  %  % if i is Brazilian and false otherwise - n must be at least 8  % ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#AWK
AWK
    Works with Gnu awk version 3.1.5 and with BusyBox v1.20.0.git awk To change the output width, change the value assigned to variable pagewide   #!/bin/gawk -f BEGIN{ wkdays = "Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa" pagewide = 80 blank=" " for (i=1; i<pagewide; i++) blank = blank " " # month name accessed as substr(month,n...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "bufio" "errors" "fmt" "os" "reflect" "unsafe" )   type foobar struct { Exported int // In Go identifiers that are capitalized are exported, unexported int // while lowercase identifiers are not. }   func main() { obj := foobar{12, 42} fmt.Println("obj:", obj)   examineAndModify(&ob...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#C
C
#include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <math.h> #include <FreeImage.h>   #define NUM_PARTICLES 1000 #define SIZE 800   void draw_brownian_tree(int world[SIZE][SIZE]){ int px, py; // particle values int dx, dy; // offsets int i;   // set the seed world[rand() % SIZE][rand...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#AWK
AWK
# Usage: GAWK -f BULLS_AND_COWS.AWK BEGIN { srand() secret = "" for (i = 1; i <= 4; ) { digit = int(9 * rand()) + 1 if (index(secret, digit) == 0) { secret = secret digit i++ } } print "Welcome to 'Bulls and Cows'!" print "I thought of a 4-digit nu...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Pascal
Pascal
  program BurrowsWheeler;   {$mode objfpc}{$H+} // Lazarus default mode; long strings uses SysUtils; // only for console output const STR_BASE = 1; // first character in a Pascal string has index [1]. type TComparison = -1..1;   procedure Encode( const input : string; out encoded : string; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Astro
Astro
fun caesar(s, k, decode: false): if decode: k = 26 - k result = '' for i in s.uppercase() where 65 <= ord(i) <= 90: result.push! char(ord(i) - 65 + k) mod 26 + 65 return result   let message = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs" let encrypted = caesar(msg, 11) let decrypted =...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#F.23
F#
  // A function to generate the sequence 1/n!). Nigel Galloway: May 9th., 2018 let e = Seq.unfold(fun (n,g)->Some(n,(n/g,g+1N))) (1N,1N)  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Factor
Factor
USING: math math.factorials prettyprint sequences ; IN: rosetta-code.calculate-e   CONSTANT: terms 20   terms <iota> [ n! recip ] map-sum >float .
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#Haskell
Haskell
import Data.List import Control.Monad import System.Random (randomRIO) import Data.Char(digitToInt)   combinationsOf 0 _ = [[]] combinationsOf _ [] = [] combinationsOf k (x:xs) = map (x:) (combinationsOf (k-1) xs) ++ combinationsOf k xs   player = do let ps = concatMap permutations $ combinationsOf 4 ['1'..'9'] pla...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar_-_for_%22REAL%22_programmers
Calendar - for "REAL" programmers
Task Provide an algorithm as per the Calendar task, except the entire code for the algorithm must be presented   entirely without lowercase. Also - as per many 1969 era line printers - format the calendar to nicely fill a page that is 132 characters wide. (Hint: manually convert the code from the Calendar task to al...
#J
J
B=: + 4 100 400 -/@:<.@:%~ <: M=: 28+ 3, (10$5$3 2),~ 0 ~:/@:= 4 100 400 | ] R=: (7 -@| B+ 0, +/\@}:@M) |."0 1 (0,#\#~41) (]&:>: *"1 >/)~ M H=. _3(_11&{.)\'JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDEC' H=. 'SU MO TU WE TH FR SA',:"1~H C=: H <@,"(2) 12 6 21 }."1@($,) (' ',3 ":,.#\#~31) {~ R D=: 0 ": -@<.@%&21@+&1@[ ]\ C@] L=: ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Maxima
Maxima
/* Maxima is written in Lisp and can call Lisp functions. Use load("funcs.lisp"), or inside Maxima: */   to_lisp(); > (defun $f (a b) (+ a b)) > (to-maxima)   f(5, 6); 11
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_foreign-language_function
Call a foreign-language function
Task Show how a foreign language function can be called from the language. As an example, consider calling functions defined in the C language. Create a string containing "Hello World!" of the string type typical to the language. Pass the string content to C's strdup. The content can be copied if necessary. Get the...
#Mercury
Mercury
:- module test_ffi.   :- interface.   :- import_module io.   :- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.   :- implementation.   % The actual FFI code begins here. :- pragma foreign_decl("C", "#include <string.h>").   :- func strdup(string::in) = (string::out) is det. :- pragma foreign_proc("C", strdup(S::in) = (SD::out), ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Clojure
Clojure
  (defn one [] "Function that takes no arguments and returns 1" 1)   (one); => 1  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#R
R
  cantorSet <- function() { depth <- 6L cs <- vector('list', depth) cs[[1L]] <- c(0, 1) for(k in seq_len(depth)) { cs[[k + 1L]] <- unlist(sapply(seq_len(length(cs[[k]]) / 2L), function(j) { p <- cs[[k]][2L] / 3 h <- 2L * (j - 1L) c( cs[[k]][h + 1L] + c(0, p), cs[[k]][h + 2L...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cantor_set
Cantor set
Task Draw a Cantor set. See details at this Wikipedia webpage:   Cantor set
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket/base ;; {trans|Kotlin}}   (define current-width (make-parameter 81))   (define current-height (make-parameter 5))   (define (Cantor_set (w (current-width)) (h (current-height))) (define lines (build-list h (λ (_) (make-bytes w (char->integer #\#))))) (define (cantor start len index) (let* ((seg (qu...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Perl
Perl
use List::Util 'reduce';   # note the use of the odd $a and $b globals print +(reduce {$a + $b} 1 .. 10), "\n";   # first argument is really an anon function; you could also do this: sub func { $b & 1 ? "$a $b" : "$b $a" } print +(reduce \&func, 1 .. 10), "\n"
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catamorphism
Catamorphism
Reduce is a function or method that is used to take the values in an array or a list and apply a function to successive members of the list to produce (or reduce them to), a single value. Task Show how reduce (or foldl or foldr etc), work (or would be implemented) in your language. See also Wikipedia article: ...
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics function add(integer a, b) return a + b end function function sub(integer a, b) return a - b end function function mul(integer a, b) return a * b end function function reduce(integer rid, sequence s) object res = s[1] for i=2 to length(s) do res = rid(res,s[i]) end ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Cartesian_product_of_two_or_more_lists
Cartesian product of two or more lists
Task Show one or more idiomatic ways of generating the Cartesian product of two arbitrary lists in your language. Demonstrate that your function/method correctly returns: {1, 2} × {3, 4} = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4)} and, in contrast: {3, 4} × {1, 2} = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2)} Also demonstrate, using y...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program calculates the Cartesian product of two arbitrary-sized lists. */ @.= /*assign the default value to @. array*/ parse arg @.1 /*obtain the optional value of @.1 */ if @.1='' then do; @.1= "{1,2} {3,4}" ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Frink
Frink
catalan[n] := binomial[2n,n]/(n+1) for n = 0 to 15 println[catalan[n]]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brilliant_numbers
Brilliant numbers
Brilliant numbers are a subset of semiprime numbers. Specifically, they are numbers that are the product of exactly two prime numbers that both have the same number of digits when expressed in base 10. Brilliant numbers are useful in cryptography and when testing prime factoring algorithms. E.G. 3 × 3 (9) is a bri...
#Wren
Wren
import "./math" for Int import "./seq" for Lst import "./fmt" for Fmt   var primes = Int.primeSieve(1e7-1)   var getBrilliant = Fn.new { |digits, limit, countOnly| var brilliant = [] var count = 0 var pow = 1 var next = Num.maxSafeInteger for (k in 1..digits) { var s = primes.where { |p| p >...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brace_expansion
Brace expansion
Brace expansion is a type of parameter expansion made popular by Unix shells, where it allows users to specify multiple similar string parameters without having to type them all out. E.g. the parameter enable_{audio,video} would be interpreted as if both enable_audio and enable_video had been specified. Task[edit] W...
#C.2B.2B
C++
#include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <string> #include <utility> #include <vector>   namespace detail {   template <typename ForwardIterator> class tokenizer {   ForwardIterator _tbegin, _tend, _end;   public:   tokenizer(ForwardIterator begin, ForwardIterator end) : _tbegin(begin), _tend(begin), _end(e...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#AppleScript
AppleScript
on isBrazilian(n) repeat with b from 2 to n - 2 set d to n mod b set temp to n div b repeat while (temp mod b = d) -- ((temp > 0) and (temp mod b = d)) set temp to temp div b end repeat if (temp = 0) then return true end repeat   return false end isBrazili...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#BaCon
BaCon
DECLARE month$[] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" } DECLARE month[] = { 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 } year$ = "1969" ' Leap year INCR month[1], IIF(MOD(VAL(year$), 4) = 0 OR MOD(VAL(year$), 100) = 0 AND MOD(VA...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#Icon_and_Unicon
Icon and Unicon
link printf   procedure main() (x := foo(1,2,3)).print() # create and show a foo printf("Fieldnames of foo x : ") # show fieldnames every printf(" %i",fieldnames(x)) # __s (self), __m (methods), vars printf("\n") printf("var 1 of foo x = %i\n", x.var1) # read var1 from ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Break_OO_privacy
Break OO privacy
Show how to access private or protected members of a class in an object-oriented language from outside an instance of the class, without calling non-private or non-protected members of the class as a proxy. The intent is to show how a debugger, serializer, or other meta-programming tool might access information that is...
#J
J
import java.lang.reflect.*;   class Example { private String _name; public Example(String name) { _name = name; } public String toString() { return "Hello, I am " + _name; } }   public class BreakPrivacy { public static final void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Example foo = new Example("Eric");   for (...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#C.23
C#
using System; using System.Drawing;   namespace BrownianTree { class Program { static Bitmap BrownianTree(int size, int numparticles) { Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(size, size); Rectangle bounds = new Rectangle { X = 0, Y = 0, Size = bmp.Size }; using (Graphics g =...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#BASIC
BASIC
DEFINT A-Z   DIM secret AS STRING DIM guess AS STRING DIM c AS STRING DIM bulls, cows, guesses, i   RANDOMIZE TIMER DO WHILE LEN(secret) < 4 c = CHR$(INT(RND * 10) + 48) IF INSTR(secret, c) = 0 THEN secret = secret + c LOOP   guesses = 0 DO INPUT "Guess a 4-digit number with no duplicate digits: "; gu...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Burrows%E2%80%93Wheeler_transform
Burrows–Wheeler transform
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Burrows–Wheeler_transform. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) The Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT, also called block-s...
#Perl
Perl
use utf8; binmode STDOUT, ":utf8";   use constant STX => '👍 ';   sub transform { my($s) = @_; my($t); warn "String can't contain STX character." and exit if $s =~ /STX/; $s = STX . $s; $t .= substr($_,-1,1) for sort map { rotate($s,$_) } 1..length($s); return $t; }   sub rotate { my($s,$n) = @_...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#AutoHotkey
AutoHotkey
n=2 s=HI t:=&s While *t o.=Chr(Mod(*t-65+n,26)+65),t+=2 MsgBox % o
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#FOCAL
FOCAL
1.1 S K=1; S E=0 1.2 F X=1,10; D 2 1.3 Q   2.1 S E=E+1/K 2.2 S K=K*X 2.3 T %2,X,%6.5,E,!
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Forth
Forth
100 constant #digits : int-array create cells allot does> swap cells + ;   #digits 1+ int-array e-digits[]   : init-e ( -- ) [ #digits 1+ ] literal 0 DO 1 i e-digits[]  ! LOOP ." = 2." ;   : .e ( -- ) init-e [ #digits 1- ] literal 0 DO 0 \ carry 0 #digits DO i e-digits[] d...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows/Player
Bulls and cows/Player
Task Write a player of the Bulls and Cows game, rather than a scorer. The player should give intermediate answers that respect the scores to previous attempts. One method is to generate a list of all possible numbers that could be the answer, then to prune the list by keeping only those numbers that would give an equ...
#J
J
require'misc'   poss=:1+~.4{."1 (i.!9)A.i.9 fmt=: ' ' -.~ ":   play=:3 :0 while.1<#poss=.poss do. smoutput'guessing ',fmt guess=.({~ ?@#)poss bc=.+/\_".prompt 'how many bull and cows? ' poss=.poss #~({.bc)=guess+/@:="1 poss poss=.poss #~({:bc)=guess+/@e."1 poss end. if.#poss do. 'the answer i...