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10.1038/ncomms14514 | Biology_easy_207 | The reason for the semiliquid, superionic property is the special structure of the nanoclusters, Jain said. | When all eight tetrahedral sites are filled, the {200} reflection is the strongest. | "We investigated further, and we realized that these small clusters are actually semiliquid at room temperature." The reason for the semiliquid, superionic property is the special structure of the nanoclusters, Jain said. This crystal structure is a result of internal strain in the clusters. | When more of the tetrahedral sites are occupied by Cu þ , a {200} reflection originates from the Cu-Cu inter-planar arrangement with a spacing of a c /2 units. When all eight tetrahedral sites are filled, the {200} reflection is the strongest. The change in the experimental PXRD in going from 6 nm to the 4 nm NCs is ex... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/uNVFlIGRBVk/ |
10.1373/clinchem.2012.187617 | Biology_easy_209 | Along with his gut bugs, the changes in how his genes expressed themselves were only temporary. | Such findings are intriguing and prompt questions regarding how microbial composition and corresponding metabolites may influence whole-body metabolism in humans and contribute to insulin resistance and diabetes. | Within a few months of his return to Earth, this change actually reversed, returning his microbiome to its "normal" state. Along with his gut bugs, the changes in how his genes expressed themselves were only temporary. Ninety percent of his genetic levers -- including ones in charge of his immune system -- returned to ... | showed that in addition to the decreased abundance of Firmicutes, the Betaproteobacteria levels were significantly increased in diabetic patients compared to nondiabetic controls and their abundance significantly correlated with their plasma glucose concentrations (r ϭ 0.46, P Ͻ 0.05) . Such findings are intriguing and... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38972928248&p=1pl&v=1&x=ysfCh3UQ1PqOUUs0UQwPzg |
10.1038/s41467-018-04151-6 | Biology_easy_211 | "It is early days, but this opens the door to being able to modify cell networks with drugs and do it in a more robust and rigorous way. | This analysis provided a purely algebraic condition that must be satisfied by an RPA-capable system, which has been shown to be equivalent to the requirement for integral control 23 . | "Essentially we are now discovering the needles in the haystack in terms of the network constructions that can actually exist in nature. "It is early days, but this opens the door to being able to modify cell networks with drugs and do it in a more robust and rigorous way. Dr Araujo said the published study was the res... | 23 considered a special case of the IMP concerning RPA to constant exogenous inputs, in the context of providing a framework for understanding the extraordinary precision of adaptation in bacterial chemotaxis 5 . This analysis provided a purely algebraic condition that must be satisfied by an RPA-capable system, which ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/BUs3tnStd9A/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4 | Biology_easy_212 | The research is the first to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure across the Northern Hemisphere that is at risk of structural failure from permafrost thaw caused by climate change. | Our results demonstrate that ca. | "And here, in Alaska, we are dealing already and will be dealing even more in the near future with this reality." The research is the first to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure across the Northern Hemisphere that is at risk of structural failure from permafrost thaw caused by climate change. "The... | Our study reveals the magnitude of the threat to engineering structures from climate change at the pan-Arctic scale, and shows where detailed infrastructure risk assessment should be conducted in the near future. Our results demonstrate that ca. The results show that most fundamental Arctic infrastructure will be at ri... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37952353365&p=1pl&v=1&x=z8k6aIsKNtvV0TWFOzO7Gg |
10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0 | Biology_easy_213 | "Our work could be interpreted as a proof of concept; it may shed light upon mechanisms underlying immune evasion and may provide insights for improving cancer therapies in the future by revealing cancer vulnerabilities." | We present evidence for extensive negative selection over somatic point mutations in cancer exomes. | We demonstrate that negative selection is underestimated and acts stronger on certain regions, which are related to essential cellular functions and to immune response," adds Schaefer. "Our work could be interpreted as a proof of concept; it may shed light upon mechanisms underlying immune evasion and may provide insig... | These studies help to shed light upon the mechanisms underlying immune evasion and provide insights for improving cancer immunotherapies in the future. We present evidence for extensive negative selection over somatic point mutations in cancer exomes. We exploited a large cancer exome dataset based on 26 tumor types an... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527375501&p=1pl&v=1&x=1CtmjzSbC1y6cGD8LDIXPA |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Biology_easy_214 | Regardless of the gender-related findings or their causes, Dr. Shin said, the study represents the importance of understanding the foods we feed our bodies. | Further adjustment by sodium intake, estrogen use, menopause, or waist circumference also did not change the positive relation between instant noodle intake $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome in women. | In addition, men and women's varied eating habits and differences in the accuracy of food reporting may play a role in the gender gap. Regardless of the gender-related findings or their causes, Dr. Shin said, the study represents the importance of understanding the foods we feed our bodies. "This research is significan... | Consumption of instant noodles once per week was also associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.50) but not in men. Further adjustment by sodium intake, estrogen use, menopause, or waist circumference also did not change the positive relation between instant noodle in... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/can-instant-noodles-lead-to-heart-disease-diabetes-and-stroke |
10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.05.006 | Biology_easy_215 | She added: "We plan to further develop the methods from this study into an image processing and analysis software solution to be used for monitoring cell behaviour in applications such as screening culture conditions, drug discovery, monitoring and minimising the occurrence of genetic abnormalities directly through tim... | On the other hand, in subsequent cell divisions, the cell-cycle times for the normal and adapted cells, whether or not exposed to Y-27632, were similar, although there were small differences (Figures 2F and S2D) . | In the same culture condition, they found adapted cells performed better in all of these points leading to more colonies. Bottlenecks were also alleviated through cell to cell contact and pro-survival compounds. She added: "We plan to further develop the methods from this study into an image processing and analysis sof... | H14 normal and adapted cells displayed a similar pattern ( Figure S2C ). On the other hand, in subsequent cell divisions, the cell-cycle times for the normal and adapted cells, whether or not exposed to Y-27632, were similar, although there were small differences (Figures 2F and S2D) . Indeed, we conducted experiments ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/medical-breakthroughs/51952-time-lapse-study-reveals-bottlenecks-in-stem-cell-expansion.html |
10.1073/pnas.1404354111 | Biology_easy_216 | "Thrombopoietin signals actually acted on stem cells and progenitor cells, several generations back." | This finding demonstrates a greater in vitro capacity for Mpl PF4cre/PF4cre preprogenitor cell self-renewal and secondary colony formation compared with Mpl fl/fl controls. | "Thrombopoietin did not directly stimulate the platelet's 'parent' cells, the megakaryocytes, to make more platelets," Dr Ng said. "Thrombopoietin signals actually acted on stem cells and progenitor cells, several generations back." Dr Ng said the result was very surprising. | This effect was also evident for blast colonies derived from TPO Tg mice (SI Appendix, Fig. This finding demonstrates a greater in vitro capacity for Mpl PF4cre/PF4cre preprogenitor cell self-renewal and secondary colony formation compared with Mpl fl/fl controls. This data therefore provides evidence at the single-cel... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/medical-breakthroughs/49516-solution-to-platelet-%E2%80%98puzzle%E2%80%99-uncovers-blood-disorder-link.html |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_217 | In fact, the majority of people with mental health problems are not more likely to be violent. | We argue that this study speaks to the key question of whether adolescents' violent video game play has a measurable effect on real-world aggressive behaviour. | There's also no evidence that either the El Paso or Dayton shooter was a fan of video games. In fact, the majority of people with mental health problems are not more likely to be violent. "This difference is not explained by the rate of mental illness in the U.S," Evans said. | This pattern of findings further suggests that links reported in the literature might be influenced by publication bias, selective reporting, or an artefact of unobserved or hidden moderators, as has been previously suspected . We argue that this study speaks to the key question of whether adolescents' violent video ga... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39881272230&p=1pl&v=1&x=agjUuQHKttCmyqc0lNUvPA |
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.003 | Biology_easy_218 | "I really think salt is an unappreciated factor of immunity," says Jantsch. | These findings suggest that immune cells entering wounded skin are exposed to a hypertonic interstitial microenvironment. | A possible role of salt in the function of the immune system may be an evolutionary remnant from a time before antibiotics, when mammals, including humans, needed some methods of combating invading microbes, the researchers suggest. "I really think salt is an unappreciated factor of immunity," says Jantsch. However, wi... | Infected mouse skin displayed $40 mmol/l increase in (Na + +K + )-to-water ratio, compared to plasma levels ( Figure 1D ). These findings suggest that immune cells entering wounded skin are exposed to a hypertonic interstitial microenvironment. A 40 mM increase in culture medium NaCl concentration (HS) boosted LPS-trig... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.techtimes.com/articles/37351/20150304/the-healthy-side-to-sodium.htm |
10.1038/s41589-018-0155-8 | Biology_easy_219 | advertisement
"The enhanced mortality and lung pathology were striking in clone-13 infected mice following ABHD12 inhibition or deletion," Teijaro says. | Among the more than 65 other serine hydrolases quantified by MS-based ABPP, only ABHD2 and PLA2G6 showed partial (~40-50%) reductions in activity in DO264treated mice ( Fig. | Teijaro and colleagues found that the ABHD12-knockout mice, as well as the mice treated with the ABHD12 inhibitor, had immune responses that were much more vigorous and effective in clearing the virus, often excessively so. advertisement
"The enhanced mortality and lung pathology were striking in clone-13 infected mic... | n = 4 and 3 independent experiments for c and d, respectively. Among the more than 65 other serine hydrolases quantified by MS-based ABPP, only ABHD2 and PLA2G6 showed partial (~40-50%) reductions in activity in DO264treated mice ( Fig. 4e and Supplementary Table 3 ); however, these changes may reflect an indirect outc... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37814264274&p=1pl&v=1&x=fV_-TrzPs9X1ZtNnkmq4RQ |
10.1038/s41467-018-04627-5 | Biology_easy_220 | The callosal connections showed no changes between treatment and control groups, results that support past research suggesting that this structure, though relevant for reading acquisition, may already be mature and stable by age 7, Yeatman said. | These connections are known to mature relatively early; therefore, the subjects in our study may already be outside the sensitive period in which experience shapes these connections. | For the few children who showed no significant decline in diffusion by MRI, Yeatman said there could be compounding differences in individual capacities for brain plasticity, age of the participants (younger brains may be more susceptible to change than slightly older ones) or other factors. The callosal connections sh... | Although we interpret this null result cautiously, one possibility is that differences in MD within posterior CC reflect relatively stable anatomical variation, which predicts reading skill, but does not change during short-term, intensive training. These connections are known to mature relatively early; therefore, the... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34316135354&p=1pl&v=1&x=D1Z-S3HDnAF3EPGxC7uLSg |
10.1126/sciadv.1601660 | Biology_easy_221 | "We found, limited by the motor we used in the printing system, we could print at 200 millimeters per second, continuously, which is already competitive with the rates of industrial printing technologies. | These values represent approximately 30 and 60% of the conductivity of bulk Ag (6.3 × 10 7 S/m), respectively. | The key to printing tiny, precise, high-resolution patterns is in the amount of pressure applied to stamp the ink. "We found, limited by the motor we used in the printing system, we could print at 200 millimeters per second, continuously, which is already competitive with the rates of industrial printing technologies. ... | an array of lines (20 mm wide with pitch of 200 mm) reached 1.9 × 10 7 S/m, and after annealing for 120 min at 300°C, the conductivity increased to 4.0 × 10 7 S/m (Fig. These values represent approximately 30 and 60% of the conductivity of bulk Ag (6.3 × 10 7 S/m), respectively. 4C) shows how the nanoscale morphology o... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://news.mit.edu/2016/stamping-technique-printable-electronics-1207 |
10.1101/gad.263707.115 | Biology_easy_222 | They showed that when fewer chemical groups of a certain type attach to yeast histones, the abnormal transcription greatly increases in old cells. | Among all of the 92 mutants tested, 33 showed life spans matching the screen predictions (35.9% replication rate). | This number - a mean of 25 divisions -- is under tight control and can be either reduced or increased by altering histone modifications, as the researchers found. They showed that when fewer chemical groups of a certain type attach to yeast histones, the abnormal transcription greatly increases in old cells. In contras... | The results generally agreed, with a correlation coefficient of 0.78 between the two sets of experiments (Supplemental Fig. Among all of the 92 mutants tested, 33 showed life spans matching the screen predictions (35.9% replication rate). Although seemingly lower than expected, this is a success rate comparable with a ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/cell-aging-slowed-by-putting-brakes-on-noisy-transcription |
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4 | Biology_easy_223 | "These observations have led me to believe that the global warming is not a 'fake' but the reality," Romanovsky said. | However, I s does not include information on permafrost thaw or other potential hazard-inducing factors and in our study, I s was based on relatively coarse-scaled GIC data. | "These observations have led me to believe that the global warming is not a 'fake' but the reality," Romanovsky said. "And here, in Alaska, we are dealing already and will be dealing even more in the near future with this reality." The research is the first to explicitly show the amount of fundamental infrastructure ac... | The value of I a ranged from 1.0 (lowest hazard potential) to 3.0 (highest hazard potential). However, I s does not include information on permafrost thaw or other potential hazard-inducing factors and in our study, I s was based on relatively coarse-scaled GIC data. In contrast, I a considers different affecting facto... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37952353365&p=1pl&v=1&x=z8k6aIsKNtvV0TWFOzO7Gg |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_224 | "True, we don't know exactly what society and the economy will look like 300 years in the future," he told E&E News. | The pursuit curve model ensures that there is an equilibrium level of cumulative carbon emissions from permafrost for any given level of warming globally (providing p > −1). | It's a much longer-term vision than some other estimates present--many climate change projections tend to focus on 2100 as a benchmark. "True, we don't know exactly what society and the economy will look like 300 years in the future," he told E&E News. "But this is still a useful tool to get an idea of what that will l... | The latter allows us to use these sets of values to construct the corresponding probability distributions for ω,τ, p in PAGE-ICE, which are expected to work throughout the simulated range of temperatures. The pursuit curve model ensures that there is an equilibrium level of cumulative carbon emissions from permafrost f... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39068075992&p=1pl&v=1&x=s9tSrEITwL3rwfEi9cWT-w |
10.1126/science.1256773 | Biology_easy_225 | What made this work possible was the realization that a controlled, flat membrane -- made from two layers of artificial lipid supported on glass -- could substitute for the curved, constantly moving and complex membrane of the cell. | At the cortical layer, F-actin organized into long, uniformly spaced cables that aligned radially with microtubules (Fig. | Quickly removing and returning proteins to see how changes in the molecular players affect cytokinesis is impossible when the cell is whole, but easy when the cellular innards are spread out on a microscope slide. What made this work possible was the realization that a controlled, flat membrane -- made from two layers ... | Above the cortical layer, F-actin organized into branched networks that showed only partial alignment with the microtubules (Fig. At the cortical layer, F-actin organized into long, uniformly spaced cables that aligned radially with microtubules (Fig. The spacing between actin cables was 1.3 T 0.5 mm (SD; n = 140), com... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141031133545.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_226 | "The most important thing to remember about our study is the greater the warming, the stronger the feedbacks and the higher the costs to society." | Robustness of the estimates for the PCF and SAF effects. | But they are considerably lower for these scenarios compared to business as usual," said Yumashev. "The most important thing to remember about our study is the greater the warming, the stronger the feedbacks and the higher the costs to society." As National Geographic reported, the "$25 to $70 trillion cost of Arctic w... | The economic losses due to climate warming also tend to be higher in warmer poorer regions such as India and Africa 20 , which are also less likely to benefit from the economic opportunities associated with a warmer Arctic 56 . Robustness of the estimates for the PCF and SAF effects. Other major feedbacks implemented i... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39059198716&p=1pl&v=1&x=LFeOjGrAvD1wF12D7W6Wvg |
10.1016/j.mito.2018.08.001 | Biology_easy_227 | The molecular features of this process are universal," said Naviaux, who also directs the Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center at UC San Diego. | Ultimately, it takes a season of about 3 months or more to fully commit to new foods, physical activities, and environmental exposures (sun, monsoons, droughts, hard freezes, etc) of the season. | The molecular features of this process are universal," said Naviaux, who also directs the Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center at UC San Diego. A concussion sustained before an earlier concussion has completely resolved typically results in more severe symptoms and prolonged recovery, even if the second impact is... | It takes more time to fully commit to the change. Ultimately, it takes a season of about 3 months or more to fully commit to new foods, physical activities, and environmental exposures (sun, monsoons, droughts, hard freezes, etc) of the season. Three months is also the average minimum time needed to demonstrate synapti... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/ypj94azpXWE/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-04408-0 | Biology_easy_228 | Ultimately, the researchers hope that their findings lead to more effective medications for lupus and other autoimmune diseases that impact so many women. | Therefore, differences in the regulation of BAFF by estradiol and testosterone, potentially driven by nervous mechanisms, may contribute to the sex difference in autoimmune diseases in which BAFF has a pathogenic function. | Recognition of the link between testosterone and BAFF is completely new. Ultimately, the researchers hope that their findings lead to more effective medications for lupus and other autoimmune diseases that impact so many women. More: Fast Food Makes Your Immune System More Aggressive
"That's why this information about... | Hence, estradiol elevates BAFF production and accelerates autoimmune disease , whereas testosterone has the opposite effects . Therefore, differences in the regulation of BAFF by estradiol and testosterone, potentially driven by nervous mechanisms, may contribute to the sex difference in autoimmune diseases in which BA... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34230456675&p=1pl&v=1&x=lt6z2jq1xfFKoXvXclXMKg |
10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.058 | Biology_easy_229 | Image: Courtesy of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies
"What's interesting is that even a single break transmits a global signal through the cell, halting cell division and growth," says O'Shea. | In contrast to DE1-virus-infected cells, WT, DE4-ORF3, DE1B-55K, and DE1B-55K/DE4-ORF3 virus infections all induce S phase entry to equivalent levels ( Figure 7A ). | This provides an elegant mechanism to neutralize viral replication without jeopardizing cellular viability. Image: Courtesy of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies
"What's interesting is that even a single break transmits a global signal through the cell, halting cell division and growth," says O'Shea. "This resp... | The Localized MRN-ATM Anti-viral DDR Prevents Viral, but Not Cellular, Replication DDR foci play an important role in amplifying global DDR signaling, so that even a single DSB is sufficient to elicit cellcycle arrest . In contrast to DE1-virus-infected cells, WT, DE4-ORF3, DE1B-55K, and DE1B-55K/DE4-ORF3 virus infecti... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/cancers/66433-the-dna-damage-response-goes-viral-a-way-in-for-new-cancer-treatments.html |
10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0 | Biology_easy_230 | "This is the first large scale study with a solid method to detect a substantial impact of negative selection in shaping cancer genomes. | As such, the glucose metabolism-related genes discussed above are only found in this latter set, possibly reflecting the artificial nature of the in vitro environment used for essentiality experiments. | "We found that negative selection plays an important role in cancer evolution, which is quite controversial because it has been historically neglected in most studies and, ultimately, challenges the current paradigm of an exclusive role of positive selection in cancer," explains Dr. Schaefer. "This is the first large s... | In contrast, for the set of genes that are under negative selection but not cancer-essential, the strongest enrichment is for processes that depend on cell-environment interactions (e.g. As such, the glucose metabolism-related genes discussed above are only found in this latter set, possibly reflecting the artificial n... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527375501&p=1pl&v=1&x=1CtmjzSbC1y6cGD8LDIXPA |
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.003 | Biology_easy_231 | "We are interested in how this works, because it can have broad applications," says Jantsch. | Large amounts of Na + are stored in the skin. | And for those with hyperactive immune responses, dialing down the concentration of sodium at specific areas might also be helpful. "We are interested in how this works, because it can have broad applications," says Jantsch. "We can possibly target and boost sodium in situations where we need more salt if it's deficient... | Na + metabolism may represent an unappreciated functional component of skin barrier formation. Large amounts of Na + are stored in the skin. This age-dependent Na + accumulation is associated with primary (essential) and secondary hypertension . | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://time.com/3730061/the-weird-benefit-of-eating-salty-food/ |
10.1038/s41598-017-05868-y | Biology_easy_232 | Importantly, the team found that pericytes produced 40-times more leptin when exposed to low levels of oxygen and that this continued until oxygen levels returned to normal. | In four biological replicates, here we demonstrate APCs have similar morphology when cultured under normoxia or hypoxia, as assessed by contrast phase microscopy (Supplementary Figure Ia) . | In the longer term, these findings may help in the development of an alternative treatment to major surgery for heart attack patients. Importantly, the team found that pericytes produced 40-times more leptin when exposed to low levels of oxygen and that this continued until oxygen levels returned to normal. This may he... | We succeeded in isolating and expanding 21 APC lines (88% of processed veins), using a standard protocol described in the methods section and previous publications . In four biological replicates, here we demonstrate APCs have similar morphology when cultured under normoxia or hypoxia, as assessed by contrast phase mic... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/new-discovery-could-reverse-tissue-damage-caused-by-heart-attacks/ |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_easy_233 | That kind of sounds bad, but there is an upside, and it appears to depend partially on the mother's DNA. | A principle coordinate analysis of the marker gene sequencing results revealed three main clusters of samples, (Additional file 6: Figure S3 , middle plot) with one outlier. | That kind of sounds bad, but there is an upside, and it appears to depend partially on the mother's DNA. "Bifidobacteria sort of push other bacteria out. So those women make much less of the special sugar. | Results indicated that genera Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides were the top two contributors to differences among the given inputs (rho statistic = 0.586 when only those two factors are considered, see Additional file 5: Table S3) . A principle coordinate analysis of the marker gene sequencing results revealed three mai... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://medcitynews.com/2015/04/one-gene-mother-can-affect-bacteria-babys-gut/ |
10.1038/nature24621 | Biology_easy_234 | "These global ecological patterns offer just a glimpse of what is possible with coordinated and cumulative sampling," Jansson says. | The failure of many sequences to be mapped in referencebased alignments to Greengenes and SILVA 97% identity OTUs (Extended Data Fig. | Overall, the microbiomes of a host, such as a human or animal, were quite distinct from free-living microbiomes, such as those found in water and soil. "These global ecological patterns offer just a glimpse of what is possible with coordinated and cumulative sampling," Jansson says. "More sampling is needed to account ... | These matches accounted for 10% and 13%, respectively, of the tag sequences in our dataset, indicating that large swathes of microbial community diversity are not yet captured in full length sequence databases. The failure of many sequences to be mapped in referencebased alignments to Greengenes and SILVA 97% identity ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/earth-microbiome-project-1595972/ |
10.1073/pnas.1318978111 | Biology_easy_235 | Hammes says the study calls for further clinical trials to determine whether androgens can have a positive effect on fertility when given at the right doses. | This demonstration of a conserved function of paxillin in vastly different cell types validates the importance of paxillin as a general liaison between extranuclear and nuclear AR signaling. | "If these data are confirmed in clinical trials, we could propose that raising low levels of androgens in a woman with diminished ovarian reserve might increase her ability to produce more and better eggs for fertilization." Hammes says the study calls for further clinical trials to determine whether androgens can have... | Once in the nucleus, PS-paxillin then regulates AR nuclear localization and AR-mediated transcription . This demonstration of a conserved function of paxillin in vastly different cell types validates the importance of paxillin as a general liaison between extranuclear and nuclear AR signaling. By increasing FSHR expres... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140304141948.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_236 | She said the burden will fall to elected officials at the state level. | These results did not support our prediction that there are statistically significant links relating violent gaming to adolescents' aggressive behaviour using the current operationalization of violent gaming. | Percio also suggested that Trump will not do anything about white supremacy. She said the burden will fall to elected officials at the state level. Many point to the research, which suggests there is no connection between video games and real-world violence. | Results from this model, presented in table 3, indicated both the linear ( p ¼ 0.899) and parabolic ( p ¼ 0.851) predictors were not statistically significant. These results did not support our prediction that there are statistically significant links relating violent gaming to adolescents' aggressive behaviour using t... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39882679749&p=1pl&v=1&x=6vdDlJz_W42omdcCubQOqg |
10.1126/science.1256773 | Biology_easy_237 | The scientists saw this signal in part because Field chose to include actin in their system, a cellular component that is often discarded because it makes it so difficult to do experiments with the egg extract. | Depletion of Kif4A did not block CPC accumulation or the assembly of antiparallel bundles, but increased the width of the CPC-positive zone; adding back recombinant Kif4A rescued this phenotype ( Fig. | "To really prove that we reconstituted the cytokinesis signal, we needed to add the bilayer membrane and then see if it could recruit the proteins that would be on the cortex of the cell," Field said about the specialized layer beneath the cell membrane. The scientists saw this signal in part because Field chose to inc... | Small-molecule inhibition of Kif10 and Kif11, and depletion of somatic Kif20A and Kif23, had no effect on antiparallel microtubule bundling in the AAIZ or on CPC localization (Fig. Depletion of Kif4A did not block CPC accumulation or the assembly of antiparallel bundles, but increased the width of the CPC-positive zone... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.science20.com/news_articles/cytokinesis_lite_cellular_division_now_with_no_cells-148202 |
10.1038/s41589-018-0155-8 | Biology_easy_238 | Teijaro and colleagues found that the ABHD12-knockout mice, as well as the mice treated with the ABHD12 inhibitor, had immune responses that were much more vigorous and effective in clearing the virus, often excessively so. | DO264-treated mice, however, show minimal impairment in auditory function following four weeks of drug exposure. | Ordinary mice infected with LCMV clone 13 typically have minor symptoms but take a long time to clear the infection. Teijaro and colleagues found that the ABHD12-knockout mice, as well as the mice treated with the ABHD12 inhibitor, had immune responses that were much more vigorous and effective in clearing the virus, o... | Mice treated with DO264 display dosedependent increases in brain lyso-PS and 20:4 PS content that are qualitatively similar to the changes observed in ABHD12 -/mice. DO264-treated mice, however, show minimal impairment in auditory function following four weeks of drug exposure. We also found that DO264 elevated the lys... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37814264274&p=1pl&v=1&x=fV_-TrzPs9X1ZtNnkmq4RQ |
10.1038/s41598-019-40955-2 | Biology_easy_239 | The unit plans to put this theory to the test in future studies, as they continue to collect genomic data from brown seaweeds across Okinawa and greater Japan. | We isolated mRNA indicating that in C. okamuranus, these two genes have fused, which may be advantageous for producing fucoidan. | The researchers uncovered an additional pair of fused genes in ito-mozuku that they didn't find in Okinawa mozuku. They predict that, when expressed, these genes may boost the number of sulfate groups transferred to fucoidan, a chemical reaction that may be key to the substance's health benefits. The unit plans to put ... | It is reported that approximately 800 tons of N. decipiens were produced in fiscal year 2017, versus ~17,000 tons of C. okamuranus. We isolated mRNA indicating that in C. okamuranus, these two genes have fused, which may be advantageous for producing fucoidan. The Illumina MiSeq platform (average library size, 700 base... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38763824360&p=1pl&v=1&x=EwLVh9xrW10mzhFmqvXNkA |
10.1016/j.compag.2016.07.028 | Biology_easy_240 | "How to capture all of these dynamic traits is really a challenging task without these high-throughput systems," Ge said. | Total NIR reflectance appears to be influenced by leaf thickness in addition to water content, introducing confound- ing variation ( . | Hyperspectral and RGB imaging not only address this issue, Ge said, but should also further speed the process of simultaneously comparing multiple traits among plant varieties. "How to capture all of these dynamic traits is really a challenging task without these high-throughput systems," Ge said. We can analyze the gr... | Compared to leaves, these organs have subtle differences in spectral signatures, which would lower the prediction accuracy. Total NIR reflectance appears to be influenced by leaf thickness in addition to water content, introducing confound- ing variation ( . Here we show that hyperspectral imaging can predict LWC accur... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/JM-jhIn6rZA/ |
10.1093/jee/tou026 | Biology_easy_241 | "It may have a wider host range than we ever thought in the first place, or it is adapting to utilize new hosts. | Infestation of ash trees by emerald ash borer became visibly apparent for the first time in the village and nearby areas in 2012 (personal observation). | Additional white fringetrees exhibiting evidence of emerald ash borer attack were also found in Springfield and Dayton, Ohio. "It appears that emerald ash borer is eating more than ash trees," Cipollini said. "It may have a wider host range than we ever thought in the first place, or it is adapting to utilize new hosts... | White fringetree is in the same family as ash trees, and planted individuals and wild populations will come increasingly in contact with emerald ash borer as it spreads to the southeastern United States. Infestation of ash trees by emerald ash borer became visibly apparent for the first time in the village and nearby a... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150115102827.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Top+News%29 |
10.1373/clinchem.2012.187617 | Biology_easy_242 | These little guys play a huge role in regulating our health and make it possible for us to live in the way we're used to. | After 2 weeks, mice that received microbiota from the ob/ob mice were able to extract more calories from food and also showed a significantly greater fat gain than mice that received the microbiota from lean mice. | These little guys play a huge role in regulating our health and make it possible for us to live in the way we're used to. This is actually through our microbiome's connection to the immune system. They aren't hurting us as long as they stay under control. | The composition of the gut microbiome seems to be important in regulating body weight . After 2 weeks, mice that received microbiota from the ob/ob mice were able to extract more calories from food and also showed a significantly greater fat gain than mice that received the microbiota from lean mice. Thus, differences ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=40253496747&p=1pl&v=1&x=Ul5zHhtDyat4L2c3FwEaew |
10.1038/s41467-017-01957-8 | Biology_easy_243 | As our experiments demonstrate, they can shift depending on whether or not the predator had time to adapt." | When m < 1, it is convex and defense is costly. | "This is, of course, beneficial to the prey and could reduce the pressure on the bacteria", says Becks. The study shows that, surprisingly, more prey diversity does not always mean more predator diversity. As our experiments demonstrate, they can shift depending on whether or not the predator had time to adapt." | When m > 1, the trade-off function is concave and defense is cheap. When m < 1, it is convex and defense is costly. If the predator coevolves with the prey, the trade-off curves change, e.g., b, c show the trade-off curves under evolved predators with higher predation abilities, i.e., k l /k max equals to 1/3 or 1/30, ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/5JFO6NDeMfE/ |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_easy_245 | "It shows that establishing the microbiome is an intricate process, orchestrated by the breast milk." | Of the oligosaccharides not ostensibly consumed by B. longum subsp. | "I think it's exciting how just a single gene is enough to change the baby's microbiome," Lewis said. "It shows that establishing the microbiome is an intricate process, orchestrated by the breast milk." The research doesn't imply that there is any specific health repercussions with babies getting the gene, but it's so... | infantis were shown to have a higher percentage of nonfucosylated neutral oligosaccharides left behind in the feces. Of the oligosaccharides not ostensibly consumed by B. longum subsp. infantis, 52.3% ± 5.8% were nonfucosylated neutral species on average. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://medcitynews.com/2015/04/one-gene-mother-can-affect-bacteria-babys-gut/ |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_247 | Eno e omada tou Yumashev kataskeuase tis mellontikes sunthekes tes klimatikes allages, mia melete pou demosieuteke prosphata sto Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ektima ten pagkosmia oikonomike zemia pou ekhei ede proklethei. | These increases are statistically significant (5% level). | Tetoia metra perilambanoun ten ektetamene epharmoge ananeosimon energeion opos e eliake energeia. Eno e omada tou Yumashev kataskeuase tis mellontikes sunthekes tes klimatikes allages, mia melete pou demosieuteke prosphata sto Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ektima ten pagkosmia oikonomike zemia pou ekh... | When the nonlinear PCF and SAF representations are combined, the statistical mean of the economic effect of climate change increases relative to the base estimate with the legacy PCF and SAF by $16.1 trillion (1 trillion = 10 12 ) for the counterfactual Zero Emissions scenario ($1288 trillion base estimate), $24.8 tril... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39093010673&p=1pl&v=1&x=sZM4NVw7ruP2hKMrRk-2DA |
10.1038/s41568-018-0020-9 | Biology_easy_248 | I look forward to seeing how the combination of these therapies can affect outcomes in patients for whom this resistance is associated with poor prognoses." | In some cases, these context-dependent functions include the activation of signalling pathways in certain leukaemias 73 , the processing of key mRNAs of lymphoma subtypes 78 and the maintenance of the viral oncoproteome in gammaherpesvirusassociated malignancies 74 . | By inhibiting epichaperome function and breaking this mechanism, we believe PU-H71 can increase anti-cancer activity of JAK2 inhibitors. I look forward to seeing how the combination of these therapies can affect outcomes in patients for whom this resistance is associated with poor prognoses." The multicenter Phase 1b s... | These high-affinity chaperome complexes may help organize and maintain the function of the oncoprotein complement of a cancer cell in a tumour-specific and transformation-specific manner. In some cases, these context-dependent functions include the activation of signalling pathways in certain leukaemias 73 , the proces... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34294149057&p=1pl&v=1&x=pzihluZRVcZJ0XNPGmH0Mw |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_easy_249 | The research doesn't imply that there is any specific health repercussions with babies getting the gene, but it's something that is worth noting. | Pairwise comparison of the lactate results found no significant differences between BI PCoA and BA PCoA groups, but found that the OT PCoA group was lower than both the BI PCoA group and the BA PCoA group with p < 0.0001 in each case. | "It shows that establishing the microbiome is an intricate process, orchestrated by the breast milk." The research doesn't imply that there is any specific health repercussions with babies getting the gene, but it's something that is worth noting. "If you're living in an unhygienic home, the baby will have a completely... | In the groups based off of PCoA clustering (BA PCoA , BI PCoA , OT PCoA ), lactate was found to have significant differences by ANOVA. Pairwise comparison of the lactate results found no significant differences between BI PCoA and BA PCoA groups, but found that the OT PCoA group was lower than both the BI PCoA group an... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://medcitynews.com/2015/04/one-gene-mother-can-affect-bacteria-babys-gut/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_easy_252 | The discovery of the role that SIK1 plays in the body clock welcomes the possible innovation of a new drug that can treat jet lag and shift work disorders. | Our data show both in vitro and in vivo that CRTC1 translocates to the nucleus after phase-shifting stimuli and acts as a coactivator of CREB-driven transcription of Sik1 and Per1. | "It would appear that SIK1 plays a common role in our circadian clocks found throughout our body, and working as a hand-brake on our ability to shift our biorhythms and adjust to new time zones, whether these are real or artificial, such as those produced during shift work schedules," said Duffield. The discovery of th... | From these, we defined a key role for the CRTC-SIK1 pathway in regulating CREB-mediated clock gene expression. Our data show both in vitro and in vivo that CRTC1 translocates to the nucleus after phase-shifting stimuli and acts as a coactivator of CREB-driven transcription of Sik1 and Per1. Following in vitro Crtc sile... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/jet-lag-cure-could-lie-newly-discovered-gene-255200 |
10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.007 | Biology_easy_254 | Note: material may have been edited for length and content. | Overlay of Fab A1227 onto the GI.1 capsid structure (Figures 4E and 4F) indicated that other P domains on the assembled norovirus capsid would clash with both heavy and light chains of the Fab, with only minor clashes with the shell domains ( Figure 4G ), suggesting that structural rearrangements of the P domain could ... | Sera Antibody Repertoire Analyses Reveal Mechanisms of Broad and Pandemic Strain Neutralizing Responses after Human Norovirus Vaccination. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. | Modeling revealed that the conserved region recognized by A1227 was located at an occluded site on the norovirus capsid, at the interface between the P domain and shell domain. Overlay of Fab A1227 onto the GI.1 capsid structure (Figures 4E and 4F) indicated that other P domains on the assembled norovirus capsid would ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39496179252&p=1pl&v=1&x=1Ybn3Q7h2gozRyncgH43aA |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.038 | Biology_easy_255 | "At each step, we zoom in closer and see more and more details, and can now begin to deduce not just what the enzyme looks like, but also how it functions. | tions ( Figure 5C ). | "At each step, we zoom in closer and see more and more details, and can now begin to deduce not just what the enzyme looks like, but also how it functions. Knowing that may lead to the development of new drugs that target specific parts of the enzyme." In addition to reporting the highest level of detail ever seen of t... | The DNA-template duplex exits the TERT ring toward the TRAP, where the sstDNA and TRE L continue in opposite direc- Figure S3 . tions ( Figure 5C ). After the last base pair, the sstDNA turns back toward the 5 0 end of the template, while the TRE L turns away from the duplex through the CTE-TRAP channel ( Figures 4D an... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34239565585&p=1pl&v=1&x=dKdwlCB2iE4axi2krXvE_w |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_256 | Thus, the nonlinear Arctic feedbacks make the more ambitious 1.5C target marginally more economically attractive. | The differences are the highest for BaU with nearly ice-free oceans and snow-free land even in winter after 2200. | Nonlinear PCF and SAF add further $25 trillion to the $600 trillion figure for the 1.5C scenario and $34 trillion for the 2C scenario. Thus, the nonlinear Arctic feedbacks make the more ambitious 1.5C target marginally more economically attractive. Dr Yumashev added: "Our findings support the need for more proactive mi... | The NDCs, NDCs Partial and BaU scenarios have the largest temperature increases and greatest decreases in land snow and sea ice SAF components, and thus show the greatest negative differences in GMST. The differences are the highest for BaU with nearly ice-free oceans and snow-free land even in winter after 2200. For t... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190423114027.htm |
10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.007 | Biology_easy_257 | The authors noted that "each of these antibody classes may contribute to vaccine-induced protection, and further studies and in vivo models are required to fully understand the interplay between the antibody targets and the physiological response." | The CDR-H3 loop of A1431 was (G) Quantification of volume overlap between A1227 Fab (or VH/VL) and GI.1 capsid proteins. | The authors write that "structural mapping revealed conserved epitopes, which were occluded on the virion or partially exposed, allowing for broad blockade with neutralizing activity." These results demonstrate that infection-derived and vaccine-elicited antibodies can exhibit broad blockade and neutralization against ... | Both A1431 heavy and light chains contributed to the binding interface with a total buried surface area of $985 Å 2 on the P domain. The CDR-H3 loop of A1431 was (G) Quantification of volume overlap between A1227 Fab (or VH/VL) and GI.1 capsid proteins. Over 60% of the volume of A1227 Fab overlaps with neighboring P do... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39497202582&p=1pl&v=1&x=Ax4CZfiIW69ZKRWE5VBL1A |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.038 | Biology_easy_258 | "I remember looking at this structure when we got it and thinking we had solved a significant piece of the puzzle and were the only people who had seen this. | The IFD helices are positioned similarly to those in group II intron and PLE reverse transcriptases on the periphery of the protein ( Figure 3B ). | The researchers report for the first time the structure, shape and significance of TRAP, and the region with which it interacts. "I remember looking at this structure when we got it and thinking we had solved a significant piece of the puzzle and were the only people who had seen this. Many mutations that scientists at... | In Tetrahymena, the linker (IFDb) between the two IFD helices (IFDa and IFDc) is 104 aa, 30% of the RT sequence ( Figure 2A ). The IFD helices are positioned similarly to those in group II intron and PLE reverse transcriptases on the periphery of the protein ( Figure 3B ). The structure of TRAP is comprised primarily o... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34239565585&p=1pl&v=1&x=dKdwlCB2iE4axi2krXvE_w |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_easy_259 | The former also tended to pick up the bacteria later. | In all other cases, the homozygotic and heterozygotic secretors were determined to have a secretor phenotype. | Babies whose moms carry the mutation had about 10 times fewer Bifidobacteria in their guts, on average, than the babies whose moms had a working version of the gene. The former also tended to pick up the bacteria later. "I think it's exciting how just a single gene is enough to change the baby's microbiome," Lewis said... | In two cases (mothers 1036 and 1041), the genotypic data showed either homozygote secretor or heterozygote (respectively), but the phenotype indicated non-secretor. In all other cases, the homozygotic and heterozygotic secretors were determined to have a secretor phenotype. In the two aberrant cases, later time points ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://medcitynews.com/2015/04/one-gene-mother-can-affect-bacteria-babys-gut/ |
10.1038/onc.2016.381 | Biology_easy_260 | So not only did Kleer gain a better understanding of CCN6, but her lab's findings open the door to a better understanding of this very challenging subtype of breast cancer. | We observed no difference among any of the control mice genotypes when considering histological and morphological phenotype, immunoblots or qPCR data; therefore, the wild-type control groups presented here consist of a mixture of all of the genotypes. | Only 1 percent are metaplastic. So not only did Kleer gain a better understanding of CCN6, but her lab's findings open the door to a better understanding of this very challenging subtype of breast cancer. The study is published in Oncogene. | Based on this analysis, two out of the five expanded clones (B7 and B8) were confirmed for homologous recombination with single neo integration. Amplification with these primers results in a 196-bp fragment from the CCN6 WT allele and a 344-bp fragment from the CCN6 fl allele after neo deletion. We observed no differen... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/researchers-find-key-genetic-driver-for-rare-type-of-triple-negative-breast-cancer/ |
10.1016/j.neuron.2018.12.026 | Biology_easy_262 | Note: material may have been edited for length and content. | RS and FS spikes were wellseparated by a spike width criterion of 0.45 ms. | He is continuing his studies to determine what other effects lowered inhibition have that could explain autism symptoms. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. | This view predicts that enhancing inhibition may be insufficient to normalize ASD symptoms in cases or brain areas where effective E-I homeostasis (i.e., that normalizes cortical spike rate) has taken place. RS and FS spikes were wellseparated by a spike width criterion of 0.45 ms. Relatively high FS firing rates in aw... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38318437455&p=1pl&v=1&x=tFlh-_qIVNCNf8CEol-uvQ |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_263 | We must stop or substantially reduce this, and it has to begin immediately." | These results did not support our prediction that there are statistically significant links relating violent gaming to adolescents' aggressive behaviour using the current operationalization of violent gaming. | He also brought up the video game industry, believing the multi-billion dollar industry played a role in the weekend's tragedies. We must stop or substantially reduce this, and it has to begin immediately." When you look at these photos of how it took place, you can see the actions within videogames." | Results from this model, presented in table 3, indicated both the linear ( p ¼ 0.899) and parabolic ( p ¼ 0.851) predictors were not statistically significant. These results did not support our prediction that there are statistically significant links relating violent gaming to adolescents' aggressive behaviour using t... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39874484563&p=1pl&v=1&x=Bj3Jg8jT1PnJ7P0ExZGe-A |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_easy_264 | The discovery of the role that SIK1 plays in the body clock welcomes the possible innovation of a new drug that can treat jet lag and shift work disorders. | We found that of the genes upregulated more than 1.5-fold, there was significant enrichment of those containing CRE sites near the TATA box ( Figure 1C ). | "It would appear that SIK1 plays a common role in our circadian clocks found throughout our body, and working as a hand-brake on our ability to shift our biorhythms and adjust to new time zones, whether these are real or artificial, such as those produced during shift work schedules," said Duffield. The discovery of th... | One category of interest that is significantly responsive to light includes a number of transcripts relating to synaptic remodeling and plasticity, which were upregulated at a late stage, and included Raspgrp1, Grit, and Ntng1. We found that of the genes upregulated more than 1.5-fold, there was significant enrichment ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/jet-lag-cure-could-lie-newly-discovered-gene-255200 |
10.1038/nrg2703 | Biology_easy_265 | MacGregor Campbell/OPB
It helps to know a little bit about why pollen exists in the first place. | The sequence of individual LRR modules assembled into the VLR gene is highly diverse, and the number of LRR modules present in a rearranged gene varies from one to nine. | You'd think we'd have had plenty of time to evolve a way to deal with it. MacGregor Campbell/OPB
It helps to know a little bit about why pollen exists in the first place. It just takes one grain to fertilize the female part of a plant, so casting fate to the wind isn't a bad strategy. | Incorporation is presumably mediated by cytidine deaminases of the AID-APOBeC family . The sequence of individual LRR modules assembled into the VLR gene is highly diverse, and the number of LRR modules present in a rearranged gene varies from one to nine. Therefore a single VLR gene can have combinatorial diversity co... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34307692391&p=1pl&v=1&x=mm-osFSBw9YRNm7JQuxdew |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_266 | Nonlinear PCF and SAF add further $25 trillion to the $600 trillion figure for the 1.5C scenario and $34 trillion for the 2C scenario. | Considering the nonlinear Arctic feedbacks makes the 1.5°C target marginally more economically attractive than the 2°C target, although both are statistically equivalent. | With previous estimates for Arctic feedbacks, the total cost of climate change associated with the 1.5C and 2C scenarios is virtually the same and is around $600 trillion -- in comparison, the estimated cost of business as usual is around $2000 trillion. Nonlinear PCF and SAF add further $25 trillion to the $600 trilli... | Combined, these two factors lead to significant increases in the mean discounted economic effect of climate change: +4.0% ($24.8 trillion) under the 1.5°C scenario, +5.5% ($33.8 trillion) under the 2°C scenario, and +4.8% ($66.9 trillion) under mitigation levels consistent with the current national pledges. Considering... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190423114027.htm |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_easy_267 | The clock needs to be sure that it is getting a reliable signal, and if the signal occurs at the same time over several days it probably has biological relevance. | Faster re-entrainment was observed with the Sik1 knockdown (siSik1) mice. | If you think about, it makes sense to have a buffering mechanism in place to provide some stability to the clock. The clock needs to be sure that it is getting a reliable signal, and if the signal occurs at the same time over several days it probably has biological relevance. But it is this same buffering mechanism tha... | (B) Phase-shifting responses to light are significantly larger following knockdown of Sik1 in the SCN (siSik1) when compared to nontargeting siRNA (siNT) controls (98 min versus 59 min, p = 0.036, Student's t test, n = 5). Faster re-entrainment was observed with the Sik1 knockdown (siSik1) mice. ** = p < 0.01, * = p < ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130829124013.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_268 | But once you get the hands-on experience, you see that this is a pretty silly idea." | For both self-reported and behavioural aggression measures, this flexibility affords otherwise well-meaning researchers the ability to select between different operationalizations of predictors and outcomes until they find a combination in line with their pre-existing biases or theories. | He found that people who have never played video games before are more likely to have biases about them and unrealistic expectations about them. "They might think Fortnite is violent or that people who play Mario are more likely to be aggressive towards turtles. But once you get the hands-on experience, you see that th... | A similar tractability is present in behavioural measurements of aggression. For both self-reported and behavioural aggression measures, this flexibility affords otherwise well-meaning researchers the ability to select between different operationalizations of predictors and outcomes until they find a combination in lin... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39882021759&p=1pl&v=1&x=WDSVA9_GGY2tcF2kX9kO8w |
10.1038/s41467-018-04355-w | Biology_easy_269 | They also demonstrated that the presence of a clot made it easier for cancer cells to move and migrate. | These results were confirmed also using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. | By genetically modifying the expression of CCL2 in a metastasis model developed in their laboratory, they found low expression was linked to reduced metastases, while high expression was linked to enhanced metastatic features. They also demonstrated that the presence of a clot made it easier for cancer cells to move an... | Notably, the precise gene where the HM is split turned out to be not critical, since the last gene having statistical relevance for survival in the upper HM portion is gene #2261 (TKTL1). These results were confirmed also using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Notably, this simple mathematical rule splits t... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/by-forming-clots-in-tumors-immune-cell-aids-lung-cancers-spread/ |
10.1373/clinchem.2012.187617 | Biology_easy_270 | Overall, NASA views this study as good news so far for their plans of crewed missions to Mars. | When gut microbiomes from these mice were transplanted into germ-free mice with an intact tolllike receptor 5 (TLR5) gene, recipient mice developed similar features of the metabolic syndrome, which suggests that the intestinal microbiome was the key determinant of this disease phenotype. | One of his eyeballs swelled slightly and his telomeres, special caps on the ends of his DNA strands, also experienced long-term shortening upon return to Earth -- both are phenomena seen generally among space station astronauts. Overall, NASA views this study as good news so far for their plans of crewed missions to Ma... | Mice deficient in the microbial pattern-recognition receptor TLR5 displayed hyperphagia, became obese, and developed features of the metabolic syndrome, including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and insulin resistance secondary to dysregulation of interleukin-1 signaling . When gut microbiomes from these mice were... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38972928248&p=1pl&v=1&x=ysfCh3UQ1PqOUUs0UQwPzg |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_easy_271 | So those women make much less of the special sugar. | The absolute abundance of fecal glycans (residual milk glycans present in infant stool) were significantly higher in Low-Bif qPCR stool samples (N = 42) than in High-Bif qPCR (N = 60). | "Bifidobacteria sort of push other bacteria out. So those women make much less of the special sugar. And they were right. | Figure 8 shows a breakdown of how fecal glycoprofiles differed between samples that were High-Bif qPCR and Low-Bif qPCR . The absolute abundance of fecal glycans (residual milk glycans present in infant stool) were significantly higher in Low-Bif qPCR stool samples (N = 42) than in High-Bif qPCR (N = 60). Significantly... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://medcitynews.com/2015/04/one-gene-mother-can-affect-bacteria-babys-gut/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 | Biology_easy_272 | "The prototype CDK12 mutant tumor was baseline diploid and had few arm-level copy-number aberrations except gain of 8q, but notably, hundreds of focal copy-number gains were dispersed across the gnome," they state. | While focal gains were present on all chromosomes within a sample, other focal events, such as high-level amplifications or deletions, were rare or absent. | In contrast, they found that CDK12-mutated mCRPC tumors exhibited a "distinctive genomic landscape" that was similar to that identified in a subset of ovarian cancers. "The prototype CDK12 mutant tumor was baseline diploid and had few arm-level copy-number aberrations except gain of 8q, but notably, hundreds of focal c... | The prototypical CDK12 mutant tumor was baseline diploid and had few arm-level copy-number aberrations except gain of 8q, but notably, hundreds of focal copy-number gains were dispersed across the genome. While focal gains were present on all chromosomes within a sample, other focal events, such as high-level amplifica... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304544254&p=1pl&v=1&x=4ldt3u_6ItGR2RE2UuBujA |
10.1038/s41467-018-04151-6 | Biology_easy_273 | Her findings, published in Nature Communications, provide a new level of understanding of cellular communication and cellular 'cognition', and have potential application in a variety of areas, including new targeted cancer therapies and drug resistance. | This has important implications for the interconnections of the module with other parts of the RPA-capable network. | Her findings, published in Nature Communications, provide a new level of understanding of cellular communication and cellular 'cognition', and have potential application in a variety of areas, including new targeted cancer therapies and drug resistance. "My research is giving us a new way to look at unravelling network... | The single independent regulator of each opposer node, and its dependents (all marked in green) do exhibit the RPA property. This has important implications for the interconnections of the module with other parts of the RPA-capable network. The symbol S N indicates that any motif or sub-network may be fully embedded at... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/BUs3tnStd9A/ |
10.1002/emmm.201302567 | Biology_easy_274 | Compared with healthy tissue on the left, the sample on the right shows both a reduced number of motor neurons and shrinkage of those that are present (the neurons are stained brownish-yellow in these views). | Therefore, the reduction in IGF1 and IGFALS would account for the observed low levels of circulating IGF1 (Fig 5; Sjogren et al, 1999) . | Using TSUNAMI, Dr. Krainer's team induced various pathologies characteristic of Type IV (adult) SMA. Compared with healthy tissue on the left, the sample on the right shows both a reduced number of motor neurons and shrinkage of those that are present (the neurons are stained brownish-yellow in these views). (click to ... | Most of the circulating IGF1 is in the form of stable complexes with IGFALS and IGFBP3 . Therefore, the reduction in IGF1 and IGFALS would account for the observed low levels of circulating IGF1 (Fig 5; Sjogren et al, 1999) . These liver pathologies must be a consequence of hepatic SMN2 missplicing, because they were p... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/medical-breakthroughs/42722-first-animal-model-of-adult-onset-sma-sheds-light-on-disease-progression-and-treatment.html |
10.1038/srep01456 | Biology_easy_275 | The bedbugs we have now seem to be the fittest of the fit, the most resistant to whatever we throw at them; scientific testing shows pesticide bombs don't work, and neither do sonic devices. | The length of the contigs varied from 100 bp to 8,249 bp with an average length of 850 bp (Fig. | The bedbugs we have now seem to be the fittest of the fit, the most resistant to whatever we throw at them; scientific testing shows pesticide bombs don't work, and neither do sonic devices. But, if we can unravel the bedbug's strategy for combating poisons, perhaps we can create poisons that can penetrate their frustr... | These data resulted in a total of 2,197,566 aligned reads constituting 756,568,733 bases producing 129,294 ESTs (25,935 contigs and 103,359 singletons). The length of the contigs varied from 100 bp to 8,249 bp with an average length of 850 bp (Fig. The length of singletons ranged from 50 bp to 511 bp with an average le... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.ibtimes.com/bedbugs-foil-pesticides-special-adaptations-their-armor-1403721 |
10.3892/ijmm.2011.724 | Biology_easy_276 | Go bananas
When in doubt, reaching for a banana first thing in the morning might be just what the doctor ordered. | We also demonstrated that the mineral content of the sap prevents or improves alcohol hangover symptoms. | Your body will like the carbs anyway. Go bananas
When in doubt, reaching for a banana first thing in the morning might be just what the doctor ordered. "Eating a banana will replenish lost potassium after drinking too much alcohol," says Fuchs. | The levels of calcium, magnesium, and potassium ions were 37-, 3.9-and 16-fold higher in the A. okamotoanum sap than in commercial spring water. We also demonstrated that the mineral content of the sap prevents or improves alcohol hangover symptoms. A. okamotoanum sap may maintain the acid-base balance by supplementing... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38074943064&p=1pl&v=1&x=2b4yyZTVq7IsxuRn7mTrKw |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_277 | "But really we should be looking at other things - maybe it is frustrations, maybe it is family or life circumstance - that we should be spending more time on." | Said differently, this work depends on children and young people accurately reporting on their video game play, the level of violent content present in this play and their own trait-or state-level aggression (for an exception, see ). | "There are some effects of gender and some people who are from different life backgrounds have higher or lower ratings, but video game play didn't really seem to matter here." Prof Przybylski said: "Violent games don't seem to drive aggressive behaviour in young people. "But really we should be looking at other things ... | This flexibility, described as part of the 'garden of forking paths problem' increases the chance of false-positive results and serves to reduce our confidence in the inferences linking gaming to aggression . Said differently, this work depends on children and young people accurately reporting on their video game play,... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38521227375&p=1pl&v=1&x=Xvdn1eKXZPCfOlSJzuRiMg |
10.1038/s41467-018-04408-0 | Biology_easy_279 | If you eliminate testosterone, you get more BAFF and thereby more B cells in the spleen because they survive to a greater extent. | Other αand β-adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors were found at lower levels and therefore were not likely expressed ( Fig. | Basically, the study found that there is a critical protein called BAFF, which makes B cells (a type of lymphocyte that releases harmful antibodies) more viable. If you eliminate testosterone, you get more BAFF and thereby more B cells in the spleen because they survive to a greater extent. Recognition of the link betw... | 6a ). Other αand β-adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors were found at lower levels and therefore were not likely expressed ( Fig. 6a ). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34230456675&p=1pl&v=1&x=lt6z2jq1xfFKoXvXclXMKg |
10.1002/ece3.3060 | Biology_easy_280 | For those concerned with managing salamander populations as a means of managing forests, the study serves as a reminder that not all salamander species are alike. | From an evolutionary standpoint, the observed differences in dispersal distances and genetic structure between fall breeding and spring breeding species may be a result of the trade-off between larval period length and size at metamorphosis . | "Practically, what this says is that landscape variables are not quite as important as the timing of the breeding season." For those concerned with managing salamander populations as a means of managing forests, the study serves as a reminder that not all salamander species are alike. "When using a particular species a... | Similarly, observed that the fall breeding A. opacum has stronger genetic differentiation than A. maculatum among the same ponds in Massachusetts. From an evolutionary standpoint, the observed differences in dispersal distances and genetic structure between fall breeding and spring breeding species may be a result of t... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/salamanders-breeding-1515412-2/ |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_281 | Such measures include widespread adoption of renewable energies such as solar power, the study said. | The nonlinear correction to the SAF leads to small but statistically significant increases in C NPV for Zero Emissions and 1.5°C, 2.0°C and 2.5°C target scenarios, statistically significant decreases in C NPV for NDCs Partial and BaU, and is not significant for NDCs (all at the 5% level). | "Our findings support the need for more proactive mitigation measures to keep global temperature rise well below 2degC," Yumashev said in a statement. Such measures include widespread adoption of renewable energies such as solar power, the study said. The economic growth of warmer nations such as Sudan, India, Nigeria,... | The nonlinear PCF leads to statistically significant increases in C NPV at the 5% significance level for all the scenarios considered, especially the NDC and BaU. The nonlinear correction to the SAF leads to small but statistically significant increases in C NPV for Zero Emissions and 1.5°C, 2.0°C and 2.5°C target scen... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39060991235&p=1pl&v=1&x=NDKVR8asOZZqfp2_RfPJyQ |
10.1080/10635150701775111 | Biology_easy_282 | It shows our method is pretty robust." | nov. (6 localities) are omission error = 4 of six, and P < 0.001 for all replicates. | All results were consistent. It shows our method is pretty robust." When asked what could be done to gather more evidence to support their hypothesis, Zink admitted that the fluctuation hypothesis is part speculation. | Jackknife validation statistics for the western coastal P. dubia (12 localities) are omission error = 2 of 12, and P < 0.001 for all replicates. nov. (6 localities) are omission error = 4 of six, and P < 0.001 for all replicates. The P. hielscheri locality sample size (three) was too small for validation. | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://arstechnica.com/science/2014/06/humans-not-entirely-at-fault-for-passenger-pigeon-extinction/ |
10.1093/molbev/msu227 | Biology_easy_284 | "One of the most surprising findings is that a similar mode of evolution has so far only been observed in fungi, plants, and animals." | Another conceivable scenario might be that selection pressure for increased gene dosage has contributed to the expansion of the large chlamydial gene families. | The authors argue that the evolutionary forces at work behind the diversity of chlamydiae are the result of a unique confluence of birth and death gene evolutionary cycles. "One of the most surprising findings is that a similar mode of evolution has so far only been observed in fungi, plants, and animals." Such factors... | However, the failure to detect positive selection as the major force acting on the PEX and NEX gene family members casts doubts on a coevolutionary arms race as the sole mechanism for the evolution of these gene families. Another conceivable scenario might be that selection pressure for increased gene dosage has contri... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141014085130.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1038/s41467-018-04627-5 | Biology_easy_285 | The callosal connections showed no changes between treatment and control groups, results that support past research suggesting that this structure, though relevant for reading acquisition, may already be mature and stable by age 7, Yeatman said. | Over the course of the intervention, only the posterior CC retained a relationship to Reading Skill. | For the few children who showed no significant decline in diffusion by MRI, Yeatman said there could be compounding differences in individual capacities for brain plasticity, age of the participants (younger brains may be more susceptible to change than slightly older ones) or other factors. The callosal connections sh... | Anatomy-behavior correlations depend on recent experience. Over the course of the intervention, only the posterior CC retained a relationship to Reading Skill. In contrast, as MD values declined in the AF and ILF, the instantaneous, cross-sectional correlation between reading and MD changed between sessions, as indicat... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34305651947&p=1pl&v=1&x=5K-kiFIe9C-USZImgR7dwA |
10.1098/rspb.2018.0761 | Biology_easy_286 | It's physiologically demanding, and the stakes are high: the success of the colony depends on a queen's solitary work during this time. | Here, we demonstrate that sublethal exposure to imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid-type insecticide, has a broad suite of negative effects on early-nesting bumblebee queens. | It's physiologically demanding, and the stakes are high: the success of the colony depends on a queen's solitary work during this time. Led by Hollis Woodard, an assistant professor of entomology, the team found that exposure to a widely used insecticide and a poor diet negatively impacted bumblebee queens' health and ... | Pollen diet was not an important driver of brood production overall, but among untreated queens, those fed monofloral Cistus pollen had significantly fewer larvae and pupae than queens fed mixed-source or monofloral Erica pollen ( p , 0.03 for counts of larvae and pupae). Here, we demonstrate that sublethal exposure to... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrg/~3/Ea2TPwN3kfM/ |
10.1080/10635150701775111 | Biology_easy_287 | Three of the specimens yielded enough usable genome sequences to analyze the population size through a complicated algorithm. | nov. that includes the type locality (compare Figs. | They knew that such fluctuations could dramatically reduce population size, and perhaps human exploitation through hunting and trade may have tipped the balance at the wrong time for this species, which could never recover. Three of the specimens yielded enough usable genome sequences to analyze the population size thr... | The P. modesta niche model includes a disjunct unoccupied area north of its actual distribution, which corresponds closely to the southern distribution of P. ravenala sp. nov. that includes the type locality (compare Figs. Despite these advances, one of the remaining challenges with the species delimitation approach th... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://arstechnica.com/science/2014/06/humans-not-entirely-at-fault-for-passenger-pigeon-extinction/ |
10.1080/10635150701775111 | Biology_easy_288 | Humans Not Entirely at Fault for Passenger Pigeon Extinction
Once the most numerous bird species in North America, passenger pigeons went from numbering in the billions to being extinct in less than a century. | However, the inclusion of many more species is needed to explore the full biogeographic history of this group, especially concerning continental speciation within Madagascar itself. | Humans Not Entirely at Fault for Passenger Pigeon Extinction
Once the most numerous bird species in North America, passenger pigeons went from numbering in the billions to being extinct in less than a century. Flocks could block the sunlight for hours as they moved in mind-boggling numbers. Their excrement was toxic t... | Our preliminary analysis based on 12S mtDNA (not shown) finds the Zanzibar specimen falling in a clade with P. ravenala and the other Comoros specimens forming a polytomy with P. dubia from Northwest Madagascar. However, the inclusion of many more species is needed to explore the full biogeographic history of this grou... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/753700-humans-not-entirely-at-fault-for-passenger-pigeon-extinction/ |
10.3945/jn.113.188441 | Biology_easy_289 | The researchers found that eating instant noodles two or more times a week was associated with cardio-metabolic syndrome, which raises a person's likelihood of developing heart disease and other conditions, such as diabetes and stroke. | Differences were small in protein and fat intake between participants in the highest quintile of the MP and participants in the highest quintile of the TP. | The researchers found that eating instant noodles two or more times a week was associated with cardio-metabolic syndrome, which raises a person's likelihood of developing heart disease and other conditions, such as diabetes and stroke. Difference in obesity and metabolic syndrome components may also have a role to play... | Those with the highest quintiles of the MP also had a higher frequency of instant noodle intake (a mean of 2 times/wk in men and 1.2 times/wk in women) compared with the highest quintiles of the TP (a mean of 1.1 times/wk in men and 0.7 times/wk in women) (Table 1) . Differences were small in protein and fat intake bet... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.hngn.com/articles/38940/20140813/instant-noodles-increase-risk-heart-disease-diabetes-stroke.htm |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_291 | Prof Przybylski said: "Violent games don't seem to drive aggressive behaviour in young people. | By doing so, the research provides a template that media effects researchers could follow when adopting a hypothesis testing approach with other important and plausible forms of technology influence. | "There are some effects of gender and some people who are from different life backgrounds have higher or lower ratings, but video game play didn't really seem to matter here." Prof Przybylski said: "Violent games don't seem to drive aggressive behaviour in young people. "But really we should be looking at other things ... | Our study, then, contributes to this literature base, as we prespecified exactly how we would operationalize key variables before conducting the study. By doing so, the research provides a template that media effects researchers could follow when adopting a hypothesis testing approach with other important and plausible... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38521227375&p=1pl&v=1&x=Xvdn1eKXZPCfOlSJzuRiMg |
10.1016/j.neuron.2018.12.026 | Biology_easy_293 | Increased Excitation-Inhibition Ratio Stabilizes Synapse and Circuit Excitability in Four Autism Mouse Models. | Thus, firing correlations were decreased or unchanged in ASD mutants. | Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source. Increased Excitation-Inhibition Ratio Stabilizes Synapse and Circuit Excitability in Four Autism Mouse Models. | Fmr1 À/y and Cntnap2 À/À mice showed a similar tendency for reduced firing synchrony versus WTs, but this was significant only for Fmr1 À/y mice (Fmr1 +/y versus Fmr1 À/y , p = 0.00027; Cntnap2 +/+ versus Cntnap2 À/À , p = 0.07; 16p11.2 +/+ versus 16p11.2 del/+ , p = 0.49, permutation test) ( Figure 6J ). Thus, firing ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38318437455&p=1pl&v=1&x=tFlh-_qIVNCNf8CEol-uvQ |
10.1073/pnas.1704745114 | Biology_easy_295 | The mathematical theory describing the brain's function predicted that more seeds would germinate when exposed to varying environments, such as fluctuating temperatures, than to constant environments. | 5Z ), the transcript is abundant in this developmental state . | The separation of these parts in the seed 'brain' also appears to be central to how it functions.' The mathematical theory describing the brain's function predicted that more seeds would germinate when exposed to varying environments, such as fluctuating temperatures, than to constant environments. The scientists teste... | Despite the activity of this promoter not being detected in primary dormant seeds (SI Appendix, Supplementary Fig. 5Z ), the transcript is abundant in this developmental state . The radicle-enriched localization of decision-making components occurred during late seed development, coincident with the temporal induction ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.seeddaily.com/reports/Scientists_discover_plant_brain_controlling_seed_development_999.html |
10.1177/1535370219829006 | Biology_easy_297 | These studies also define a true physiological environment that can be used to study valve function as well as discover new drugs for preventing, slowing or reversing valve disease. | A transcriptomics study of valvular cells experiencing variable stiffness also identified similar results where some ECM proteins, including fibrillin 1, are upregulated and some are downregulated with VIC activation. | Collectively, these studies provide new insights regarding the molecular mechanisms that regulate heart valve response to mechanical stress. These studies also define a true physiological environment that can be used to study valve function as well as discover new drugs for preventing, slowing or reversing valve diseas... | The synthesis of these proteins could be the first response to loss of basement membrane by VICs. A transcriptomics study of valvular cells experiencing variable stiffness also identified similar results where some ECM proteins, including fibrillin 1, are upregulated and some are downregulated with VIC activation. Fibr... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=38770512405&p=1pl&v=1&x=WYLJzBjhCC8lOi2zfIIFGg |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_easy_298 | "The study proposes that the light-stimulated production of SIK1 in turn switches off the molecular pathway that feeds into the clock mechanism, thereby halting the shifting response of the biological clock," the researchers wrote. | The rhythms of SCN treated with I3M peaked approximately 1 hr later than DMSO-treated controls ( Figure 3F ). | The mice were found to adjust more quickly to the changes in the daily patterns of light and dark that were set to resemble those of a time zone change. "The study proposes that the light-stimulated production of SIK1 in turn switches off the molecular pathway that feeds into the clock mechanism, thereby halting the sh... | We observed a 10.90 ± 1.02 hr phase delay of the PER2::LUC rhythm in I3M-treated cells, compared with 7.59 ± 1.00 hr delay in the control, a difference of 3.3 hr ( Figures 3D and 3E) . The rhythms of SCN treated with I3M peaked approximately 1 hr later than DMSO-treated controls ( Figure 3F ). It should be noted that I... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/jet-lag-cure-could-lie-newly-discovered-gene-255200 |
10.1038/s41589-018-0155-8 | Biology_easy_299 | The researchers found that ABHD12 normally acts as a powerful "brake" on the immune system to keep it from becoming harmfully overactive. | DO264-treated mice, however, show minimal impairment in auditory function following four weeks of drug exposure. | The researchers found that ABHD12 normally acts as a powerful "brake" on the immune system to keep it from becoming harmfully overactive. Mice engineered without the protein have signs of elevated inflammation, and their immune systems are more likely to overreact to a viral infection. The discovery suggests that the a... | Mice treated with DO264 display dosedependent increases in brain lyso-PS and 20:4 PS content that are qualitatively similar to the changes observed in ABHD12 -/mice. DO264-treated mice, however, show minimal impairment in auditory function following four weeks of drug exposure. We also found that DO264 elevated the lys... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37814264274&p=1pl&v=1&x=fV_-TrzPs9X1ZtNnkmq4RQ |
10.1098/rstb.2008.0288 | Biology_easy_302 | "Maybe they only appeared quite some time after the trainees qualified. | Finally, it will also be vital to consider whether expertise and its related effects can be expected to develop in any individual or whether they are genetically determined. | Maguire says she was "greatly relieved" by the results of her study, which appears in the December issue of Current Biology. "Maybe they only appeared quite some time after the trainees qualified. But we found them within the five years it took to do the study." | Clearly, more work is required to establish whether the effects we have described here in relation to taxi drivers generalize beyond the domain of memory and the hippocampus. In particular, longitudinal studies will be crucial to explore the nature and consequences of skill acquisition. Finally, it will also be vital t... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=london-taxi-memory |
10.1101/gad.263707.115 | Biology_easy_304 | "In this study, we found that a type of abnormal transcription dramatically increases in aged cells and that its reduction can prolong lifespan," said Dang, who initiated this line of research while working in Berger's laboratory. | However, relative enrichment changes of young fractions compared with the fraction prior to the overnight culturing were affected only by doubling time. | "In this study, we found that a type of abnormal transcription dramatically increases in aged cells and that its reduction can prolong lifespan," said Dang, who initiated this line of research while working in Berger's laboratory. This is the first demonstration that such a mechanism exists to regulate aging." "We used... | Both doubling time and replicative life span may affect S4O relative enrichment. However, relative enrichment changes of young fractions compared with the fraction prior to the overnight culturing were affected only by doubling time. This growth effect on S4O relative enrichment was considered only for mutants with an ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.newswise.com/articles/cell-aging-slowed-by-putting-brakes-on-noisy-transcription |
10.1038/ncomms4999 | Biology_easy_305 | Any shorter, and biochemical reactions would become inefficient as energy is drained from the system too quickly. | Methods OKE experimental details. | The experiments show that the ringing motion lasts for only a picosecond or one millionth of a millionth of a second. Any shorter, and biochemical reactions would become inefficient as energy is drained from the system too quickly. Any longer and the enzyme would simple oscillate forever: react, unreact, react, unreact... | It seems likely that proteins have evolved such underdamped vibrational motions by providing an interaction site which is pre-organized 44 in order to arrive at the optimal degree of damping for efficient biochemical reactivity and function. Methods OKE experimental details. Stretching the pulse enables a higher energy... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140603092424.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29 |
10.1126/sciadv.1500472 | Biology_easy_306 | Research Assistant Professor in Genetics at Trinity, Dr Matthew Campbell, added: aEURoeOur recent findings have highlighted the importance of understanding diseases at the molecular level. | Immunocytochemical analysis of claudin-5 and occludin localization showed a decrease in the punctate staining of both proteins 6 and 12 hours after treatment with Ab(1-40) monomers and dimers (Fig. | We think that this alteration could be an entrained mechanism to allow for the clearance of toxic amyloid-beta from the brain in those living with AlzheimeraEUR(tm)s disease,aEUR said postdoctoral researcher in TrinityaEUR(tm)s School of Genetics and Microbiology, Dr James Keaney, who spearheaded the study. Research As... | Whereas the addition of Ab(1-40) monomers and dimers caused a transient and reversible decrease in claudin-5 and occludin, there was an apparent rebound up-regulation of both occludin and ZO-1, 24 and 48 hours after treatment (Fig. Immunocytochemical analysis of claudin-5 and occludin localization showed a decrease in ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/trinity-researchers-report-major-breakthrough-in-understanding-alzheimers-disease/ |
10.1534/genetics.116.197285 | Biology_easy_307 | "If you don't, NHEJ is going to screw things up because it creates resistance alleles," Unckless said. | We expect that in many intended target systems for CGD, such as mosquitoes, these conditions are typically exceeded. | For a CRISPR/Cas9 gene drive to be most effective, it must be "tuned" toward homology-directed repair. "If you don't, NHEJ is going to screw things up because it creates resistance alleles," Unckless said. The researchers conclude that, like other attempts to manipulate populations, gene drive is likely to lead to resi... | Resistance is generally likely to evolve whenever either θ > 0.1, or N e δ > 1, as long as resistance alleles provide any fitness advantage over the driver and driver costs are not completely dominant. We expect that in many intended target systems for CGD, such as mosquitoes, these conditions are typically exceeded. E... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/research-shows-nature-can-beat-back-scientific-tinkering-with-genes-of-entire-species/ |
10.1073/pnas.1601081113 | Biology_easy_308 | Rather than continuous forest, the results suggest that for roughly two million years before humans arrived, the center of the island was a patchwork of grasslands interspersed with woodlands and shrubs that served as a transition zone between the lush rainforests of the east and the dry forests of the west. | This biogeographic barrier is further emphasized given that the M. myoxinus dots are pulled northward and M. berthae dots pushed southward, opposite of what would be expected in the presence of gene flow between these two species. | The new findings add to a growing body of research that is beginning to rethink this view. Rather than continuous forest, the results suggest that for roughly two million years before humans arrived, the center of the island was a patchwork of grasslands interspersed with woodlands and shrubs that served as a transitio... | Instead, there is a strong separation of M. myoxinus and M. berthae, consistent with the biogeographic separation of these species by the Tsiribihina River, suggesting that the river is a significant barrier to gene flow. This biogeographic barrier is further emphasized given that the M. myoxinus dots are pulled northw... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.futurity.org/lemurs-madagascar-forests-1207872-2/ |
10.1073/pnas.1511220112 | Biology_easy_309 | "These changes in the shoulder, which were probably initially driven by the use of tools well back into human evolution, also made us great throwers," Roach said. | Moreover, the likelihood of these alternative hypotheses can be directly tested using the better characterized later hominin fossil record. | "The mix of ape and human features observed in A. afarensis' shoulder support the notion that, while bipedal, the species engaged in tree climbing and wielded stone tools. "These changes in the shoulder, which were probably initially driven by the use of tools well back into human evolution, also made us great throwers... | This mix of character states raises the question of whether modern human morphology reflects evolution from a more derived African ape morphology or retention of primitive traits from an earlier ape ancestor. Moreover, the likelihood of these alternative hypotheses can be directly tested using the better characterized ... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.technology.org/2015/09/09/shouldering-burden-evolution/ |
10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.004 | Biology_easy_311 | "Such drugs could potentially have broader therapeutic value for people with mental health issues." | Cells treated with I3M peak significantly later than DMSO-treated controls (one-way ANOVA; p < 0.01, with post hoc t tests, *p < 0.05). | When they blocked the activity of SIK1, the mice adjusted faster to changes in light cycle. Dr. Russell Foster said that we were still a long way off from a jet lag cure, but added it was a step towards developing drugs for interrupted sleep cycles. "Such drugs could potentially have broader therapeutic value for peopl... | In contrast to these kinases, SIK1 does not target the core clock proteins to control their degradation; rather, it attenuates the induction of clock genes in response to entraining stimuli, functioning as a negative-feedback mechanism to deactivate the molecular pathways that are activated following a phase-shifting s... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.businessinsider.com/cure-for-jet-lag-2013-8 |
10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 | Biology_easy_312 | They identified CDK12 mutations in 25/360 mCRPC patients (6.9%), but in only 6/498 patients with primary prostate cancer. | We detected aberrations of CDK12 in 25/360 of mCRPC patients (6.9%), 95% confidence interval (CI) [4.6%, 10 .2%] ( Figure 1A ). | This is an exciting prospect for patients who have CDK12 alterations and may benefit from immunotherapy." They identified CDK12 mutations in 25/360 mCRPC patients (6.9%), but in only 6/498 patients with primary prostate cancer. "All patients showed biallelic inactivation of CDK12," they note, while "strikingly," the CD... | Further, we identify that CDK12 mutant tumors have synthetic genetic dependencies and a characteristic immunophenotype, which provide candidate targets for precision therapy. We detected aberrations of CDK12 in 25/360 of mCRPC patients (6.9%), 95% confidence interval (CI) [4.6%, 10 .2%] ( Figure 1A ). This is significa... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34304544254&p=1pl&v=1&x=4ldt3u_6ItGR2RE2UuBujA |
10.1098/rsos.171474 | Biology_easy_313 | Hate has no place in America." | It is possible that the retrospective month-long 'snap shot' this study uses missed a critical dynamic which develops over repeated engagement with video games. | These sinister ideologies must be defeated. Hate has no place in America." "When you dehumanize your opponents, whether Democrats, the news, immigrants, people of faith, of different faiths, you're running the risk of someone taking your words and acting upon it." | This could provide a context to understand gaming effects set against a rich data milieu, including information on objective gaming behaviours, social, familial, school, individual and genetic level factors. It is possible that the retrospective month-long 'snap shot' this study uses missed a critical dynamic which dev... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39881272230&p=1pl&v=1&x=agjUuQHKttCmyqc0lNUvPA |
10.1073/pnas.1704745114 | Biology_easy_314 | This decision-making center is similar to an analogous mechanism in human brains. | Fluctuating inputs therefore act as an instructive signal for seeds, enhancing the accuracy with which plants are established in ecosystems, and distributed computation within the radicle underlies this signal integration mechanism. | Plants may be smarter than we thought. This decision-making center is similar to an analogous mechanism in human brains. The hormones that activate movement in the plant (in the case of germination) are similar to the decision-making center involved in movement in human brains. | The responses to both GA and ABA were found to occur within distinct cell types, suggesting cross-talk occurs at the level of hormone transport between these signaling centers. Fluctuating inputs therefore act as an instructive signal for seeds, enhancing the accuracy with which plants are established in ecosystems, an... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/38372/20170609/scientists-germinate-brain-plant-crops.htm |
10.1016/j.neuron.2014.04.039 | Biology_easy_315 | Because of the similarities between the two, it only makes sense that smoking pot might be able to reverse beta-amyloid's negative effects on endocannabinoids and go on to prevent Alzheimer's, right? | Tetanic stimulations that are strong enough to overcome the intact synaptic inhibition will induce full strength LTP, despite the presence of Ab. | Because of the similarities between the two, it only makes sense that smoking pot might be able to reverse beta-amyloid's negative effects on endocannabinoids and go on to prevent Alzheimer's, right? "Exposure to marijuana over minutes or hours is different: More like enhancing everything indiscriminately, so you lose ... | As such, any effects that Ab may have on the induction of E-S potentiation or LTP are indirect. Tetanic stimulations that are strong enough to overcome the intact synaptic inhibition will induce full strength LTP, despite the presence of Ab. Weaker induction protocols will produce LTP that appears to be Ab-sensitive, b... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.medicaldaily.com/if-blocked-endocannabinoids-trigger-dementia-symptoms-could-cannabis-prevent-alzheimers-288806 |
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.003 | Biology_easy_316 | Salt increased the microbe-killing capacity of the immune cells, the team reports; the macrophages exposed to high levels of sodium chloride released significantly more microbicidal molecules than those that grew in a culture medium without salt. | These findings suggest that immune cells entering wounded skin are exposed to a hypertonic interstitial microenvironment. | Titze and his colleagues realized that immune cells arriving in wounded skin to fight infections were entering a salty microenvironment. Salt increased the microbe-killing capacity of the immune cells, the team reports; the macrophages exposed to high levels of sodium chloride released significantly more microbicidal m... | Infected mouse skin displayed $40 mmol/l increase in (Na + +K + )-to-water ratio, compared to plasma levels ( Figure 1D ). These findings suggest that immune cells entering wounded skin are exposed to a hypertonic interstitial microenvironment. A 40 mM increase in culture medium NaCl concentration (HS) boosted LPS-trig... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://news.sciencemag.org/biology/2015/03/does-high-salt-diet-combat-infections |
10.1038/ncomms5060 | Biology_easy_317 | (Image: Forschungszentrum Julich) (click on image to enlarge)
In our cells, which contain biopolymer filaments, active flow due to molecular motor proteins can be observed. | Western blotting with anti-Protein C antibody detected a single protein band of the expected molecular mass (Fig. | This finding may explain how other biological as well as man-made filaments flow, which could aid, among other things, the search for renewable alternatives to replace oil-based polymers. (Image: Forschungszentrum Julich) (click on image to enlarge)
In our cells, which contain biopolymer filaments, active flow due to ... | Similarly, RNAi of another inner-arm dynein, DNAH10, in procyclic trypanosomes also caused severe motility defect, but did not disrupt axoneme structure . Western blotting with anti-Protein C antibody detected a single protein band of the expected molecular mass (Fig. 3A) , and immunostaining with anti-Protein A antibo... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology-news/newsid=37681.php |
10.1002/emmm.201302567 | Biology_easy_318 | We noted, importantly, marked liver and heart pathologies that were related to SMA's progression in adults." | Grip strength (n ¼ 10. findings reveal that SMN function is required for a-motor neuron and NMJ maintenance even after embryonic development, although the threshold levels of SMN appear to be lower than for neonate mice, meaning that mature motor units can tolerate relatively low SMN levels. | "We observed delayed onset of motor neuron dysfunction; we noted also that SMN2 mis-splicing increases during the late stages of SMA, likely accelerating its progression in the body. We noted, importantly, marked liver and heart pathologies that were related to SMA's progression in adults." Sahashi and Krainer added: "... | C. Improved motor function. Grip strength (n ¼ 10. findings reveal that SMN function is required for a-motor neuron and NMJ maintenance even after embryonic development, although the threshold levels of SMN appear to be lower than for neonate mice, meaning that mature motor units can tolerate relatively low SMN levels.... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130909093116.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29 |
10.1186/s13059-018-1434-0 | Biology_easy_319 | "Our work could be interpreted as a proof of concept; it may shed light upon mechanisms underlying immune evasion and may provide insights for improving cancer therapies in the future by revealing cancer vulnerabilities." | b The d N /d S ratio for both MHC I-and MHC II-binding epitopes was significantly lower than for a randomized set of non-epitope regions. | We demonstrate that negative selection is underestimated and acts stronger on certain regions, which are related to essential cellular functions and to immune response," adds Schaefer. "Our work could be interpreted as a proof of concept; it may shed light upon mechanisms underlying immune evasion and may provide insig... | Such evidence suggests that tumor cells may escape immune surveillance by acquiring mutations in native non-epitope regions and that native epitope regions become depleted of any high functional impact mutation. b The d N /d S ratio for both MHC I-and MHC II-binding epitopes was significantly lower than for a randomize... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34527375501&p=1pl&v=1&x=1CtmjzSbC1y6cGD8LDIXPA |
10.1534/genetics.116.197285 | Biology_easy_320 | The researchers conclude that, like other attempts to manipulate populations, gene drive is likely to lead to resistance alleles. | As with de novo mutation, any given resistance allele that arises as a single copy in generation t by this mechanism will successfully establish with probability ⇡(t), assuming that resistance does not arise from any other mechanism. | "If you don't, NHEJ is going to screw things up because it creates resistance alleles," Unckless said. The researchers conclude that, like other attempts to manipulate populations, gene drive is likely to lead to resistance alleles. However, with this known, scientists can prepare appropriately for a dynamic gene drive... | By comparison, the rate at which de novo resistance alleles arise is proportional to the overall number of wildtype alleles in the population, which is highest when the driver is introduced and decreases monotonically afterwards ( Figure 3d ). As with de novo mutation, any given resistance allele that arises as a singl... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://healthmedicinet.com/news/research-shows-nature-can-beat-back-scientific-tinkering-with-genes-of-entire-species/ |
10.1038/s41467-018-04408-0 | Biology_easy_322 | Basically, the study found that there is a critical protein called BAFF, which makes B cells (a type of lymphocyte that releases harmful antibodies) more viable. | 5d ), but the FRC population, defined as CD45 -CD31 -PDPN + cells, was expanded in castrated mice ( Fig. | "In this way, we can eventually provide better treatment for the diseases." Basically, the study found that there is a critical protein called BAFF, which makes B cells (a type of lymphocyte that releases harmful antibodies) more viable. If you eliminate testosterone, you get more BAFF and thereby more B cells in the s... | The total number of CD45 − cells was unchanged in castrated mice ( Fig. 5d ), but the FRC population, defined as CD45 -CD31 -PDPN + cells, was expanded in castrated mice ( Fig. 5e , f). | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=34230456675&p=1pl&v=1&x=lt6z2jq1xfFKoXvXclXMKg |
10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z | Biology_easy_323 | The research may have applications in a clinical setting for protecting premature infants from a range of intestinal diseases including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a condition that is the second most common cause of death among premature infants in the United States. | As MALDI may not reliably distinguish between members of this group, we do not include subspecies designations in the description of the isolates. | The research may have applications in a clinical setting for protecting premature infants from a range of intestinal diseases including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a condition that is the second most common cause of death among premature infants in the United States. The researchers emphasized that the finding doe... | The most commonly isolated species were B. breve and members of the B. longum group. As MALDI may not reliably distinguish between members of this group, we do not include subspecies designations in the description of the isolates. Notably, the B. longum group increased in proportional representation over time in the s... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://www.healthcanal.com/genetics-birth-defects/62224-a-mother-s-genes-can-influence-the-bacteria-in-her-baby-s-gut-researchers-at-uc-davis-have-found.html |
10.1038/s41467-019-09863-x | Biology_easy_324 | It's a much longer-term vision than some other estimates present--many climate change projections tend to focus on 2100 as a benchmark. | All this warrants their rigorous quantitative assessment. | The extra costs in a 2 C world would amount to nearly $34 trillion by 2300 and would come to nearly $25 trillion under 1.5 C of warming. It's a much longer-term vision than some other estimates present--many climate change projections tend to focus on 2100 as a benchmark. "True, we don't know exactly what society and t... | PCF is caused by additional CO 2 and methane emissions from thawing permafrost, and SAF is mostly driven by increased solar absorption due to the decline of Arctic sea ice and land snow covers. All this warrants their rigorous quantitative assessment. The emulators allow one to study the entire parameter space, which i... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=39068075992&p=1pl&v=1&x=s9tSrEITwL3rwfEi9cWT-w |
10.1038/s41467-018-07557-4 | Biology_easy_326 | "And here, in Alaska, we are dealing already and will be dealing even more in the near future with this reality." | As we are not aware of any population projection that would match with the extent of our study area, resolution, and periods analysed, we consider that using current population counts is the safest way to address human exposure to future hazards, even though changes in population, as well as in infrastructure, are prob... | "These observations have led me to believe that the global warming is not a 'fake' but the reality," Romanovsky said. "And here, in Alaska, we are dealing already and will be dealing even more in the near future with this reality." The Paper May Be Misleading
Even though the researchers of this study insist that globa... | The coverage and accuracy of pipeline data may vary regionally but we are not aware of any more consistent publicly available global product with comparably high spatial accuracy. As we are not aware of any population projection that would match with the extent of our study area, resolution, and periods analysed, we co... | [1] | Biology | train | 1 | news | http://ct.moreover.com/?a=37967333906&p=1pl&v=1&x=ltio0H7-Rr6r3LuvSX7DEA |
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