sentence stringlengths 1 13.5k | labels listlengths 0 15 | doc_title stringclasses 84
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|---|---|---|
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Applications Vulnerabilities such as ProxyShell (CVE-2021-34473) and improper SQL sanitization (CVE-2021-20028) | [
"T1190"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
have been observed being utilized as footholds into the environment. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0002 Execution T1053.005 Scheduled Task/Job Scheduled Task. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 2.0 can be executed via scheduled tasks. | [
"T1053.005"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1059 | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Command and Scripting Interpreter LockBit 2.0 is typically executed via command line arguments via a hidden window. | [
"T1059.003"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Windows SysInternals PsExec has been utilized for both persistence and execution purposes. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Its ability to execute processes on other systems spread the ransomware and assisted in reconnaissance activities. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0003 Persistence T1053.005 Scheduled Task/Job Scheduled Task. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
It was quite common to see scheduled tasks used to create persistence for the ransomware executable, PsExec, and occasionally some defense evasion batch scripts. | [
"T1053.005",
"T1059.003"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1078 | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Valid Accounts Compromised accounts may be used to maintain access to the network. | [
"T1078"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1136.001 | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Create Account | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
In rare cases, LockBit 2.0 has been observed to create accounts for persistence with simple names, such as “a.” T1505.003 Server Software Component With the upsurgence of ProxyShell, webshells have become more common entry points. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0004 Privilege Escalation T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation The ProxyShell elevation of privilege on the Exchange PowerShell Backend (CVE-2021-34523), Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) improperly handling symbolic links (CVE-2020-0787), and abusing the CMSTPLUA COM interface have all be... | [
"T1068"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1548.002 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Bypass User Account Control LockBit 2.0 has utilized a UAC bypass tool. | [
"T1548.002"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0005 Defense Evasion T1070 Indicator Removal on Host Indicators, such as logs in Windows Event Logs or malicious files, are typically removed using wevtutil, a batch script, or CCleaner. | [
"T1027"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information Most PowerShell scripts involved in LockBit 2.0 cases are Base64 encoded. | [
"T1027"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1484.001 Domain Policy Modification: | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Group Policy Modification LockBit 2.0 has been seen using the PowerShell module InvokeGPUpdate to update the group policy. | [
"T1484.001"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools Windows Defender, other anti-malware solutions and monitoring tools are disabled utilizing a process explorer tool, a batch script or a specially crafted command line script. | [
"T1059.003",
"T1562.001"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1564.003 | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Hide Artifacts: Hidden Window Affiliates use hidden windows to hide malicious activity from plain sight. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0006 Credential Access T1003 OS Credential Dumping As seen with other ransomware cases, Mimikatz is a key player in dumping credentials but LockBit 2.0 has been occasionally seen utilizing MiniDump as well. | [
"T1003.001"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1555 Credentials from Password Stores LockBit 2.0 has been seen utilizing numerous tools to dump passwords from password stores and Chrome using GrabChrome and GrabRFF. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0007 Discovery T1046 Network Service Discovery Both Advanced Port Scanner and NetScan have been used to discover local network infrastructure devices and services running on remote hosts. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Active Directory queries for remote systems have been performed by ADFind. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1057 Process Discovery Process Explorer, Process Monitor and PCHunter have been utilized to discover any anti-malware or monitoring software and terminate it. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1082 System Information Discovery LockBit 2.0 enumerates system information such as hostname, shares, and domain information. | [
"T1082"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1614 System Location Discovery Attempts to check the language settings. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA00008 Lateral Movement T1021 | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Remote Services Although Cobalt Strike has many capabilities beneficial to threat actors in ransomware attacks, it was mainly seen in LockBit 2.0 investigations acting as a command and control beacon, a method of lateral movement and a tool for downloading/executing files. | [
"T1570"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1021.002 Remote Services: SMB/Windows Admin Shares LockBit 2.0 has been known to self-propagate via SMB. | [
"T1570"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0010 Exfiltration T1030 Data Transfer Size Limits In some cases, LockBit 2.0 will limit the data transfer sizes to fly under the radar of any monitoring services a client may have set up. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1041 Exfiltration over C2 Channel MEGASync is the leading way for LockBit 2.0 affiliates to exfiltrate data from clients with it being occasionally replaced by RClone. TA0011 Command and Control T1219 | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Remote Access Software AnyDesk has been the most common legitimate desktop software used to establish an interactive command and control channel, with ConnectWise seen slightly less frequently. | [
"T1219"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
TA0040 Impact T1486 Data Encrypted for Impact LockBit 2.0 is known for its extortion tactics, encrypting devices and demanding a ransom. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
T1489 Service Stop During the defense evasion phase, anti-malware and monitoring software is often disabled. | [
"T1562.001"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Firewall rules have occasionally been seen being disabled as well. | [
"T1562.001"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 2.0 Technical Details LockBit 2.0 was developed using the Assembly and Origin C programming languages and leverages advanced encryption standard (AES) and elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) algorithms to encrypt victim data. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
It can affect both Windows and Linux OS, as the operator released a Linux version of LockBit 2.0 to target VMware ESXi hypervisor systems in October 2021, coded exclusively in the C programming language. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The LockBit group claimed that LockBit 2.0 is “the fastest encryption software all over the world” and provided a comparative table showing the encryption speed of various ransomware samples. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit encryption comparative table | Source: | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit blog. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 2.0 also contains a self-spreading feature, clears logs and can print the ransom note on network printers until the paper runs out. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
A management panel that affiliates can use to manage victims and affiliate accounts, generate new ransomware builds and generate the decryptor if the demanded ransom is paid also exists. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 2.0 management panel. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Source: ProDaft. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 2.0 operators also released an information-stealer dubbed StealBit, which was developed to support affiliates of the LockBit 2.0 RaaS when exfiltrating data from breached companies. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
StealBit contains the following capabilities: Operates as a file grabber and dumps/uploads victim data to the LockBit victim-shaming site. | [
"T1105"
] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
No reliance on third-party cloud file-sharing services, where data can be easily removed if the victim submitted a complaint. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The download speed is limited only by internet connection bandwidth, so it is possible to clone folders from corporate networks and upload them to the LockBit victim shaming blog quickly. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The operator of LockBit 2.0 has provided a comparative table speed showing the information stealer compared to other tools. Figure 10. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 2.0 download speed, according to LockBit 2.0 operator. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit 3.0 There was a bug that existed in LockBit 2.0 that allowed researchers to revert the encryption process on an MSSQL database. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
After the bug’s disclosure, LockBit forum members discussed how the bug will not exist in LockBit’s next iteration. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Moreover, on March 17, LockBit forum members mentioned the release of LockBit’s next version in one or two weeks. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
On March 25, VX underground posted a tweet with details of this new version, dubbed LockBit Black. Figure 11. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit Black post-infection desktop wallpaper (Source: VX-underground).Courses of Action Several adversarial techniques were observed in this activity and the following measures are suggested within Palo Alto Networks products and services to ensure mitigation of threats related to LockBit 2.0 ransomware, as well as o... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1190], Command and Scripting Interpreter [T1059], Local Account [T1136.001], Web Shell | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1505.003], Exploitation for Privilege Escalation | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1068], Indicator Removal on Host [T1070], Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1140], Disable or Modify Tools [T1562.001], Hidden Window [T1564.003], Valid Accounts | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1078], External Remote Services [T1133], Scheduled Task | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1053.005], | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Bypass User Account Control | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1548.002], | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Group Policy Modification | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1484.001] THREAT PREVENTION Ensure a secure Vulnerability Protection Profile is applied to all security rules allowing traffic Ensure a Vulnerability Protection Profile is set to block attacks against critical and high vulnerabilities, and set to default on medium, low, and informational vulnerabilities Ensure DNS si... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Ensure that User-ID is only enabled for internal trusted interfaces Ensure that 'Include/Exclude Networks' is used if User-ID is enabled Ensure remote access capabilities for the User-ID service account are forbidden. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Ensure that the User-ID Agent has minimal permissions if User-ID is enabled CORTEX XDR PREVENT Enable Anti-Malware Protection Enable Anti-Exploit Protection Configure Host Firewall Profile Configure Behavioral Threat Protection under the Malware Security Profile Credential Access The courses of action below mitigate th... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1555] CORTEX XDR PREVENT Enable Anti-Exploit Protection Enable Anti-Malware Protection Discovery The below courses of action mitigate the following techniques: Network Service Scanning [T1046], | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Process Discovery | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1057], System Location Discovery | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1614], System Information Discovery [T1082] CORTEX XDR PREVENT Configure Behavioral Threat Protection under the Malware Security Profile NEXT-GENERATION FIREWALLS Ensure that all zones have Zone Protection Profiles with all Reconnaissance Protection settings enabled, tuned, and set to appropriate actions Ensure 'Serv... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1021.002] NEXT-GENERATION FIREWALLS Ensure remote access capabilities for the User-ID service account are forbidden. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Ensure that User-ID is only enabled for internal trusted interfaces Ensure that the User-ID Agent has minimal permissions if User-ID is enabled Ensure that the User-ID service account does not have interactive logon rights Ensure that 'Include/Exclude Networks' is used if User-ID is enabled Ensure that security policie... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The courses of action below mitigate the following techniques: Remote Access Software [T1219] NEXT-GENERATION FIREWALLS Ensure that the Certificate used for Decryption is Trusted Ensure application security policies exist when allowing traffic from an untrusted zone to a more trusted zone Ensure 'Security Policy' denyi... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The courses of action below mitigate the following techniques: Data Transfer Size Limits | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
[T1030], Exfiltration Over C2 Channel [T1041] THREAT PREVENTION Ensure DNS sinkholing is configured on all anti-spyware profiles in use Ensure that antivirus profiles are set to block on all decoders except 'imap' and 'pop3' Ensure an anti-spyware profile is configured to block on all spyware severity levels, categorie... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Ensure a secure antivirus profile is applied to all relevant security policies URL FILTERING Ensure that PAN-DB URL Filtering is used Ensure that access to every URL is logged Ensure that URL Filtering uses the action of ‘block’ or ‘override’ on the URL categories Ensure secure URL filtering is enabled for all security... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Ensure all HTTP Header Logging options are enabled CORTEX XSOAR Deploy XSOAR Playbook - Block URL Deploy XSOAR Playbook - PAN-OS Query Logs for Indicators Deploy XSOAR Playbook - Block IP DNS SECURITY Enable DNS Security in Anti-Spyware profile NEXT-GENERATION FIREWALLS Setup NetFlow Monitoring Ensure application secur... | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
†These capabilities are part of the NGFW security subscriptions service Note: This is not an all-inclusive list of the protections provided by Palo Alto Networks. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
This is a subset of our current Courses of Action initiative and will be updated as the project progresses. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Conclusion LockBit 2.0 and its evolution over time is a perfect example to illustrate the persistence, increasing complexity and impact brought by the ransomware landscape as a whole. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
With claims of this RaaS offering the fastest encryption on the ransomware market, coupled with the fact that it has been delivered in high volume by experienced affiliates, this RaaS poses a significant threat. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
LockBit’s continuation with operations and its next iteration coming up on the horizon means that organizations and their security teams need to stay vigilant in the ever-evolving threat landscape. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Palo Alto Networks detects and prevents LockBit 2.0 ransomware in the following ways: WildFire: | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Cortex XDR: Identifies indicators associated with LockBit 2.0. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Anti-Ransomware Module to detect LockBit 2.0 encryption behaviors on Windows. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Local Analysis detection for LockBit 2.0 binaries on Windows. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
If you think you may have been compromised or have an urgent matter, get in touch with the Unit 42 Incident Response team or call: North America Toll-Free: 866.486.4842 (866.4.UNIT42) EMEA: +31.20.299.3130 APAC: | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
+65.6983.8730 Japan: +81.50.1790.0200 Palo Alto Networks has shared these findings, including file samples and indicators of compromise, with our fellow Cyber Threat Alliance members. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Appendix A | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
In August 2021, a Russian blogger published a 22-minute interview with an alleged representative of the group behind LockBit 2.0 called “LockBitSupp” on a YouTube channel called “Russian-language open source intelligence (OSINT).” | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The same Russian blogger previously published interviews with a representative of the group behind the REvil ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS), hackers and security experts. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
Some key takeaways from the claims made in the interview were: The LockBit 2.0 threat actor claimed the group’s RaaS was unlikely to be rebranded since the team allegedly was a business that was honest with their customers – suggesting a supposed contrast between LockBit 2.0 and Avaddon, DarkSide and REvil affiliates. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The LockBit 2.0 ransomware disregarded keyboard layout, but it allegedly would not run on a host where the system language was set to any of the languages spoken in the Commonwealth of Independent States region. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
The group did not devise attacks on companies of their choice; they simply worked with initial access to any corporate network they obtained elsewhere, since this was more profitable and saved time. | [] | LockBit 20 How This RaaS Operates and How to Protect Against It |
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