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. ▁After ▁the ▁city ▁had ▁been ▁secured ▁the ▁British ▁troops ▁began ▁to ▁cons olid ate ▁their ▁position , ▁moving ▁across ▁the ▁surrounding ▁coun tr ys ide ▁to ▁secure ▁it . ▁The ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁performed ▁profession ally , ▁attempting ▁to ▁prevent ▁violence ▁from ▁breaking ▁out ▁between ▁the ▁Alban ian ▁and ▁Ser b ▁Kos ov ans ▁while ▁also ▁helping ▁to ▁re build ▁the ▁country . ▁The ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁left ▁the ▁B alk ans ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁heading ▁back ▁to ▁their ▁base ▁in ▁Germany . ▁▁ 2 1 st ▁Century : ▁The ▁Wars ▁in ▁Ira q ▁and ▁Afghan istan ▁ ▁The ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁second ▁century ▁in ▁existence ▁saw ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁The ▁Queen ▁Mother , ▁who ▁had ▁for ▁many ▁dec ades ▁tradition ally ▁presented ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁with ▁sh am rock ▁on ▁St . ▁Patrick ' s ▁Day , ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁At ▁the ▁Queen ▁Mother ' s ▁fun eral ▁the ▁coff in ▁bear er - party ▁was ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁Irish ▁Gu ards men . ▁This ▁was ▁a ▁remarkable ▁honour , ▁given ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁the ▁late ▁Queen ▁Mother ▁not ▁only ▁was ▁not ▁the ▁regiment ' s ▁colon el ▁( she ▁was , ▁in ▁fact , ▁colon el - in - ch ief ▁of ▁the ▁Black ▁Watch ), ▁she ▁had ▁no ▁official ▁connection ▁with ▁the ▁regiment ▁at ▁all , ▁in ▁spite ▁of ▁her ▁long ▁identification ▁with ▁it . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁the |
▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁were ▁deployed ▁to ▁K uw ait ▁during ▁the ▁build - up ▁to ▁the ▁Ira q ▁War . ▁The ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁formed ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 7 th ▁Arm oured ▁Brigade ▁which ▁was ▁the ▁successor ▁of ▁the ▁f amed ▁ 7 th ▁Arm oured ▁Division , ▁or ▁' The ▁Des ert ▁R ats ', ▁which ▁had ▁fought ▁throughout ▁the ▁desert s ▁of ▁North ▁Africa ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁and ▁began ▁training ▁to ▁prepare ▁for ▁the ▁war . ▁Similarly ▁to ▁their ▁experience ▁in ▁the ▁B alk ans , ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁were ▁split ▁up ▁with ▁companies , ▁pl ato ons ▁and ▁sections ▁being ▁attached ▁to ▁various ▁units ▁of ▁the ▁Des ert ▁R ats . ▁The ▁war ▁began ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁March ▁when ▁British ▁and ▁American ▁forces ▁began ▁crossing ▁the ▁Ira q ▁border , ▁with ▁the ▁Des ert ▁R ats ▁beginning ▁the ▁journey ▁towards ▁Bas ra , ▁ ▁Ira q ' s ▁second ▁largest ▁city . ▁The ▁British ▁troops ▁spent ▁the ▁next ▁few ▁weeks ▁gradually ▁taking ▁control ▁of ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁area ▁that ▁surrounded ▁Bas ra ▁with ▁soldiers ▁of ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁leading ▁the ▁British ▁advance ▁on ▁Bas ra ▁from ▁late ▁March , ▁helping ▁in ▁se cur ing ▁object ives ▁on ▁the ▁out sk ir ts ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁After ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁days ▁cons olid ating ▁their ▁position , ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁fought ▁their ▁way ▁into ▁the ▁city ▁on ▁ 6 ▁April ▁and ▁took ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁cas ual ties ▁in ▁heavy ▁urban ▁war |
fare ▁before ▁se cur ing ▁the ▁city ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁day . ▁The ▁regiment ▁claim ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁the ▁first ▁to ▁enter ▁Bas ra ▁on ▁ 6 ▁April , ▁stating ▁they ▁did ▁so ▁many ▁hours ▁before ▁the ▁Par ach ute ▁Regiment . ▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁conclusion ▁of ▁the ▁conventional ▁war fare ▁phase ▁in ▁Ira q , ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁were ▁now ▁faced ▁with ▁a ▁growing ▁ins ur gency ▁and ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁revert ed ▁from ▁a ▁war - role ▁to ▁performing ▁many ▁duties ▁that ▁would ▁be ▁familiar ▁to ▁any ▁British ▁soldier ▁that ▁has ▁served ▁in ▁Northern ▁Ireland . ▁They ▁performed ▁these ▁duties ▁until ▁early ▁May ▁when ▁they ▁left ▁Ira q ▁and ▁returned ▁home ▁but ▁upon ▁their ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁UK , ▁they ▁were ▁almost ▁immediately ▁posted ▁back ▁to ▁Northern ▁Ireland ▁ ▁for ▁a ▁four - month ▁posting ▁for ▁their ▁third ▁tour ▁of ▁the ▁province . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Battalion , ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁regiment ▁in ▁the ▁British ▁Army ▁to ▁be ▁officially ▁awarded ▁battle ▁hon ours ▁for ▁service ▁in ▁Ira q ▁– ▁this ▁was ▁to ▁enable ▁these ▁to ▁be ▁displayed ▁on ▁the ▁batt alion ' s ▁new ▁regiment al ▁colour ▁during ▁the ▁S over eign ' s ▁B irth day ▁Par ade . ▁The ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁returned ▁to ▁Ira q ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁for ▁a ▁six - month ▁tour ▁of ▁the ▁country ▁during ▁which ▁they ▁were ▁based ▁Bas ra ▁Airport ▁and ▁were ▁responsible ▁for ▁training |
▁the ▁Ira qi ▁Army ▁in ▁the ▁face ▁of ▁an ▁intens ifying ▁Sh ia - led ▁ins ur gency . ▁ ▁Following ▁their ▁return ▁from ▁their ▁second ▁tour ▁of ▁Ira q , ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁enjoyed ▁a ▁two - year ▁rest ▁period ▁before , ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁they ▁deployed ▁to ▁Afghan istan ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁forces ▁in ▁the ▁Afghan istan . ▁While ▁deployed ▁in ▁Hel m and ▁Province , ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁fought ▁the ▁Tal ib an ▁ins ur gency ▁and ▁helped ▁to ▁train ▁the ▁Afghan ▁National ▁Army ▁before ▁returning ▁home ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁regiment ▁returned ▁to ▁Afghan istan ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁to ▁complete ▁their ▁second ▁and ▁final ▁tour ▁of ▁Afghan istan . ▁Following ▁the ▁Manchester ▁Arena ▁bomb ing , ▁ 1 st ▁Battalion , ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁were ▁deployed ▁in ▁London ▁to ▁guard ▁key ▁locations , ▁including ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Def ence ▁building ▁in ▁White hall , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁Operation ▁Tem per er . ▁ ▁Over ▁twelve ▁years ▁after ▁their ▁last ▁deployment ▁to ▁Ira q , ▁the ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁country ▁in ▁early ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁to ▁help ▁train ▁the ▁Ira qi ▁security ▁forces ▁in ▁their ▁fight ▁against ▁IS IS ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁Operation ▁Sh ader . ▁However , ▁the ▁deployment ▁rapidly ▁changed ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁with ▁the ▁es cal ation ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 9 – 2 0 ▁Pers ian ▁G |
ulf ▁crisis ▁following ▁the ▁American ▁killing ▁of ▁Major ▁General ▁Q as em ▁So le im ani ▁of ▁the ▁Islam ic ▁Revolution ary ▁Guard ▁Corps . ▁The ▁Irish ▁Guard ' s ▁role ▁switched ▁from ▁training ▁to ▁force ▁protection ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁protect ▁British ▁assets ▁in ▁Ira q ▁from ▁possible ▁ret ali ation ▁by ▁Iran . ▁ ▁Notes ▁Notes ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁References ▁The ▁Long , ▁Long ▁Tra il ▁– ▁Irish ▁Gu ards ▁Irish ▁Gu ards . org . uk ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁ ▁Category : I r ish ▁Gu ards ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Army <0x0A> </s> ▁Bog gs ▁Island ▁is ▁an ▁island ▁on ▁the ▁Ohio ▁River ▁in ▁Marshall ▁County , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁between ▁the ▁cities ▁of ▁B ella ire , ▁Ohio ▁and ▁W heel ing , ▁West ▁Virginia . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁island ▁near ▁the ▁Ohio ▁shore ▁opposite ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁Bog gs ▁Run , ▁from ▁which ▁it ▁may ▁take ▁its ▁name . ▁St rip ▁mine ▁companies ▁removed ▁every ▁m ature ▁tree ▁on ▁this ▁island ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁islands ▁of ▁West ▁Virginia ▁ ▁Category : R iver ▁islands ▁of ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Category : Land forms ▁of ▁Marshall ▁County , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁the ▁Ohio ▁River <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁M ers ing ▁District ▁is ▁a ▁district ▁in ▁Joh or , ▁Malays ia . ▁The ▁district ▁capital ▁is ▁M ers ing ▁Town . ▁ ▁Name ▁The ▁“ M ers ing ” ▁name |
▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁Chinese ▁“ M au ▁Sh eng ▁Port ” ▁( <0xE8> <0x8C> <0x82> <0xE7> <0x9B> <0x9B> 港 ) ▁since ▁ 1 8 8 0 ▁and ▁further ▁simplify ▁to ▁M ers ing . ▁M ers ing ' s ▁Chinese ▁name ▁was ▁renamed ▁to ▁“ F eng ▁Sh eng ▁Port ” ▁( <0xE4> <0xB8> <0xB0> <0xE7> <0x9B> <0x9B> 港 ), ▁with ▁the ▁meaning ▁of ▁good ▁har vest . ▁There ▁are ▁also ▁said ▁that ▁M ers ing ' s ▁name ▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁S ikh ▁trad ers ▁who ▁named ▁Am ir ▁Singh ▁and ▁Men ▁Singh . ▁ ▁Ge ology ▁Bes ide ▁the ▁main land ▁area , ▁the ▁district ▁also ▁consists ▁of ▁ 3 6 ▁islands . ▁ ▁Geography ▁With ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁ 2 , 8 3 8 ▁km 2 , ▁M ers ing ▁District ▁is ▁the ▁third ▁largest ▁district ▁in ▁Joh or , ▁which ▁covers ▁ 1 4 . 6 % ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁state . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁the ▁district ▁has ▁a ▁total ▁residence ▁of ▁ 6 9 , 9 4 7 ▁people . ▁ ▁Administr ative ▁divisions ▁ ▁M ers ing ▁District ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁ 1 0 ▁m uk ims , ▁which ▁are : ▁ ▁J em alu ang ▁ ▁L eng gor ▁ ▁M ers ing ▁Town ▁ ▁Pad ang ▁End au ▁ ▁Pen y ab ong ▁ ▁Off sh ore ▁islands ▁( P ul au ▁Aur , ▁Pul au ▁R awa , ▁Pul au ▁T eng ah , ▁Pul au ▁P em |
ang g il , ▁Pul au ▁Sib u ) ▁ ▁Sem br ong ▁ ▁T eng gar oh ▁ ▁T eng lu ▁ ▁Tri ang ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁the ▁annual ▁population ▁growth ▁of ▁the ▁district ▁was ▁ 1 . 2 1 %. ▁ ▁Econom y ▁The ▁main ▁economy ▁activities ▁in ▁the ▁district ▁are ▁ec ot our ism , ▁fish ery , ▁marine ▁activities , ▁agricult ure ▁and ▁light ▁manufact uring . ▁ ▁Tour ist ▁attra ctions ▁ ▁Aur ▁Island ▁ ▁Bes ar ▁Island ▁ ▁Har im au ▁Island ▁ ▁Mount ▁Ar ong ▁Rec re ational ▁Forest ▁ ▁P em ang g il ▁Island ▁ ▁R awa ▁Island ▁ ▁Sib u ▁Island ▁ ▁T aman ▁Neg ara ▁End au ▁Rom pin ▁ ▁Transport ation ▁ ▁M ers ing ▁Airport ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁District s ▁of ▁Malays ia ▁ ▁References <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁W CT ▁Houston ▁Sho ot out ▁was ▁a ▁men ' s ▁tennis ▁tournament ▁played ▁on ▁out door ▁hard ▁courts . ▁It ▁was ▁a ▁World ▁Championship ▁Tennis ▁event ▁which ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁N ab is co ▁Grand ▁Prix , ▁as ▁the ▁two ▁organis ations ▁had ▁reun ited . ▁It ▁was ▁played ▁in ▁Houston , ▁United ▁States ▁from ▁February ▁ 2 5 ▁through ▁March ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁John ▁Mc En roe ▁won ▁the ▁singles ▁title ▁and ▁$ 6 0 , 0 0 0 ▁prize ▁money . ▁ ▁Prize |
▁money ▁ ▁* per ▁team ▁ ▁Final s ▁ ▁Singles ▁▁ ▁John ▁Mc En roe ▁defeated ▁ ▁Kevin ▁C urr en , ▁ 7 – 5 , ▁ 6 – 1 , ▁ 7 – 6 ( 7 – 4 ) ▁ ▁Dou bles ▁ ▁Peter ▁F lem ing ▁/ ▁ ▁John ▁Mc En roe ▁defeated ▁ ▁H ank ▁Pf ister ▁/ ▁ ▁Ben ▁Test erman , ▁ 6 – 3 , ▁ 6 – 2 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 5 ▁Grand ▁Prix ▁( ten nis ) ▁Category : World ▁Championship ▁Tennis ▁Category : 1 9 8 5 ▁in ▁Texas <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Black ▁S leep ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁American ▁independent ▁horror ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Regin ald ▁Le B org , ▁and ▁written ▁by ▁John ▁C . ▁H igg ins ▁from ▁a ▁story ▁by ▁Ger ald ▁D ray son ▁Adams . ▁It ▁stars ▁Bas il ▁R ath bone , ▁L on ▁Chan ey ▁Jr ., ▁John ▁Car rad ine , ▁B ela ▁L ug osi , ▁and ▁Ak im ▁Tam iro ff . ▁Tor ▁Johnson ▁appears ▁in ▁a ▁supporting ▁role . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁produced ▁by ▁A ubre y ▁Sch en ck ▁and ▁Howard ▁W . ▁Koch , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁four - picture ▁fin ance - for - distribution ▁arrangement ▁with ▁United ▁Art ists . ▁ ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁double ▁feature ▁with ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁British ▁film ▁The ▁C ree ping ▁Un known . ▁The ▁Black ▁S |
leep ▁was ▁re - re leased ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁Dr . ▁Cad man ' s ▁Secret . ▁ ▁Plot ▁ ▁Set ▁in ▁England ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 2 , ▁the ▁story ▁concerned ▁a ▁prominent , ▁kn ight ed ▁sur geon ▁whose ▁wife ▁has ▁fallen ▁into ▁a ▁com a ▁caused ▁by ▁a ▁deep - se ated ▁brain ▁tum or . ▁Due ▁to ▁medicine ' s ▁state ▁of ▁the ▁art ▁at ▁the ▁time , ▁he ▁does ▁not ▁know ▁how ▁to ▁reach ▁the ▁tum or ▁without ▁risk ing ▁brain ▁damage ▁or ▁death ▁to ▁the ▁woman ▁he ▁lov es , ▁so ▁he ▁undert akes ▁to ▁secret ly ▁experiment ▁on ▁the ▁bra ins ▁of ▁living , ▁but ▁invol unt ary , ▁human ▁subjects ▁who ▁are ▁under ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁a ▁powerful ▁Indian ▁an est h etic , ▁N ind ▁And h era , ▁which ▁he ▁calls ▁the ▁" Black ▁S leep ". ▁Once ▁he ▁has ▁finished ▁his ▁experiment , ▁surv iving ▁subjects ▁are ▁rev ived ▁and ▁placed , ▁in ▁seriously ▁deg ener ated ▁and ▁m util ated ▁states , ▁in ▁a ▁hidden ▁cell ar ▁in ▁the ▁glo omy , ▁abandoned ▁country ▁ab bey ▁where ▁he ▁conduct s ▁his ▁experiments . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Bas il ▁R ath bone ▁as ▁Sir ▁Jo el ▁Cad man ▁ ▁Ak im ▁Tam iro ff ▁as ▁U du ▁the ▁Gy ps y ▁Herbert ▁Rud ley ▁as ▁Dr . ▁Gordon ▁R ams ay ▁ ▁Pat ric ia ▁Bla ke ▁as ▁Laur ie ▁Mun roe ▁Ph yll is |
▁Stanley ▁as ▁D aph na e ▁L on ▁Chan ey ▁Jr . ▁as ▁Dr . ▁Mun roe ▁a ka ▁M ung o ▁John ▁Car rad ine ▁as ▁" B oh em und " ▁B ela ▁L ug osi ▁as ▁Cas imir ▁Tor ▁Johnson ▁as ▁Mr . ▁Cur ry ▁George ▁S aw aya ▁as ▁S ail or ▁Sub ject ▁ ▁S ally ▁Y arn ell ▁as ▁Fem ale ▁Sub ject ▁ ▁Peter ▁Gordon ▁as ▁Det . ▁S gt . ▁Ste ele ▁ ▁Cla ire ▁Car leton ▁as ▁Car mod a ▁Daily ▁John ▁She ff ield ▁as ▁Det . ▁Red ford ▁ ▁C live ▁Morgan ▁as ▁R ounds man ▁B lev ins ▁Lou anna ▁Gard ner ▁as ▁Angel ina ▁Cad man ▁ ▁A ubre y ▁Sch en ck ▁as ▁Pr ison ▁Cor on er ' s ▁A ide ▁( un cred ited ) ▁ ▁Release ▁Produ ced ▁during ▁ 1 9 5 5 , ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁to ▁the aters ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁summer ▁of ▁ 1 9 5 6 . ▁This ▁was ▁just ▁ahead ▁of ▁the ▁TV ▁synd ic ation , ▁through ▁Screen ▁G ems , ▁of ▁two ▁dec ades ▁of ▁Universal ▁mon ster ▁mov ies , ▁under ▁the ▁package ▁title ▁Sho ck ▁Theater . ▁W riter ▁H igg ins , ▁director ▁Le B org , ▁and ▁stars ▁R ath bone , ▁Chan ey , ▁Car rad ine , ▁and ▁L ug osi ▁had ▁all ▁been ▁significantly ▁associated ▁with ▁Universal ▁horror ▁films ▁or ▁related ▁B ▁mov ies . ▁The ▁Black ▁S leep ▁is |
▁similar ▁to ▁Universal ' s ▁two ▁" house ful " ▁of ▁mon ster ▁films ▁released ▁in ▁the ▁mid - 4 0 s , ▁House ▁of ▁Fran ken stein ▁and ▁House ▁of ▁D rac ula , ▁only ▁re lying ▁on ▁a ▁completely ▁new ▁cadre ▁of ▁human ▁mon sters . ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁reception ▁Among st ▁contemporary ▁reviews , ▁Vari ety ▁wrote ▁that ▁the ▁film ▁" plays ▁the ▁horror ▁tale ▁fairly ▁straight ▁so ▁what ' s ▁happening ▁is ▁not ▁too ▁il log ical ▁until ▁the ▁finale ▁wrap up , ▁when ▁all ▁rest raint ▁comes ▁off ▁and ▁the ▁mel od ram at ics ▁run ▁am ok . ▁... Bas il ▁R ath bone ▁is ▁quite ▁cred ible ▁as ▁the ▁sur geon , ▁enough ▁so ▁that ▁the ▁brain ▁operations ▁he ▁performs ▁will ▁hor r ify ▁many ▁view ers "; ▁and ▁The ▁Mot ion ▁Picture ▁Ex hib itor ▁noted ▁that ▁" R ath bone ▁has ▁a ▁grand ▁time ▁as ▁the ▁mad ▁scient ist , ▁assist ed ▁nob ly ▁by ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁best ▁names ▁in ▁the ▁horror ▁field . ▁Aud ien ces ▁should ▁be ▁fright ened ▁plenty , ▁and ▁past ▁experience ▁proves ▁that ▁this ▁can ▁mean ▁good ▁gross es ... ▁Sure , ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁it ▁is ▁cor ny , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁all ▁good ▁fun ▁in ▁a ▁gr is ly , ▁fright ening ▁manner ." ▁ ▁Home ▁media ▁ ▁The ▁Black ▁S leep ▁was ▁released ▁by ▁K ino ▁on ▁Bl u ▁ray ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁and ▁contains ▁audio ▁comment ary ▁by ▁Tom ▁We aver |
▁and ▁David ▁Sch ect er . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁American ▁films ▁of ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁Black ▁S leep ▁at ▁Bas il r ath bone . net ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁horror ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films ▁Category : American ▁science ▁fiction ▁horror ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Regin ald ▁Le ▁Borg ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁Les ▁B ax ter ▁Category : Mad ▁scient ist ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 2 ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁England ▁Category : Un ited ▁Art ists ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Stanley ▁Matt ick ▁ ▁( born ▁ 1 9 5 0 , ▁Sydney ) ▁is ▁an ▁Australian ▁mole cular ▁bi ologist ▁known ▁for ▁his ▁efforts ▁to ▁assign ▁function ▁to ▁non - c oding ▁DNA . ▁Matt ick ▁was ▁the ▁Executive ▁ ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Gar van ▁Institute ▁of ▁Medical ▁Research ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁He ▁joined ▁Gen om ics ▁England ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁as ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁Officer . ▁ ▁Career ▁Matt ick ▁received ▁his ▁high ▁school ▁education ▁at ▁St ▁Patrick ' s ▁College ▁Str ath field . ▁He ▁obtained ▁his ▁Bach elor ▁of ▁Science ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Sydney ▁and ▁his ▁Ph D ▁in ▁bio chem istry ▁from ▁Mon ash ▁University . ▁Sub sequently , ▁he ▁worked ▁at ▁Bay lor ▁College ▁of |
▁Medicine ▁in ▁Houston , ▁the ▁C SI RO ▁Division ▁of ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁in ▁Sydney , ▁and ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Queensland , ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁based ▁between ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁Matt ick ▁has ▁also ▁worked ▁at ▁the ▁Univers ities ▁of ▁Cambridge , ▁Oxford , ▁C ologne ▁and ▁Str as bourg . ▁He ▁was ▁Foundation ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Gen ome ▁Research ▁Fac ility , ▁two ▁AR C ▁Special ▁Research ▁Cent res ▁and ▁the ▁Institute ▁for ▁M ole cular ▁B ios cience . ▁ ▁Matt ick ▁was ▁appointed ▁an ▁Officer ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Australia ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁for ▁service ▁to ▁scientific ▁research ▁in ▁the ▁fields ▁of ▁mole cular ▁bi ology , ▁gen et ics ▁and ▁bi ote chn ology , ▁particularly ▁through ▁the ▁development ▁and ▁administration ▁of ▁research ▁instit utes ▁and ▁the ▁Australian ▁Gen ome ▁Research ▁Fac ility . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁he ▁was ▁elected ▁an ▁Associ ate ▁Member ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁Organisation ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁elected ▁a ▁fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of ▁Science . ▁ ▁More ▁recently , ▁he ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Julian ▁Well s ▁Medal ▁by ▁the ▁Lor ne ▁Gen ome ▁Society ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁the ▁International ▁Union ▁of ▁Bio chem istry ▁and ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁( I UB MB ) ▁Medal ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁He ▁received ▁the ▁H U GO |
▁Chen ▁Award ▁for ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Ach iev ement ▁in ▁Gen etic ▁and ▁Gen omic ▁Research ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁Executive ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Gar van ▁Institute ▁of ▁Medical ▁Research . ▁He ▁was ▁elected ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of ▁Health ▁and ▁Medical ▁Sciences ▁( FA H MS ) ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁http :// www . h g m 2 0 1 1 . org / j ohn _ s _ m att ick . html ▁ ▁https :// web . archive . org / web / 2 0 1 2 0 4 2 7 1 7 0 7 1 5 / http :// www . cos mos mag azine . com / node / 3 4 0 1 / full ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Austral ian ▁mole cular ▁bi olog ists ▁Category : Austral ian ▁bio chem ists ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Sydney ▁al umn i ▁Category : Mon ash ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Queensland ▁fac ulty ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of ▁Science ▁Category : O ffic ers ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Australia ▁Category : G ar van ▁Institute ▁of ▁Medical ▁Research ▁al umn i ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of ▁Techn ological ▁Sciences ▁and ▁Engineering ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Academy ▁of |
▁Health ▁and ▁Medical ▁Sciences <0x0A> </s> ▁V ival di ▁was ▁a ▁Quebec ▁television ▁program ▁broadcast ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁ ▁Syn opsis ▁This ▁program ▁is ▁the ▁bi ography ▁of ▁the ▁famous ▁composer ▁Antonio ▁V ival di ▁( 1 6 7 8 – 1 7 4 1 ). ▁We ▁can ▁discover ▁extract s ▁of ▁oper as , ▁son at as , ▁concert os , ▁etc eter a . ▁It ▁was ▁broadcast ▁in ▁French . ▁It ▁was ▁also ▁nominated ▁for ▁a ▁Gem ini ▁Award ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁for ▁Best ▁Perform ing ▁Arts ▁Program . ▁ ▁Cast ▁Core y ▁Cer ov se k ▁Arthur ▁Gros ser ▁Victor ▁Knight ▁Albert ▁M illa ire ▁Phill ip ▁Pre tt en ▁Tom ▁R ack ▁Daniel ▁R ous sel ▁Steven ▁St ary k ▁Christian ▁Vid osa ▁ ▁W riter ▁Richard ▁B ock ing ▁ ▁Director ▁Richard ▁B ock ing ▁ ▁Category : T ele vision ▁series ▁produced ▁in ▁Quebec ▁Category : 1 9 8 8 ▁Canadian ▁television ▁series ▁deb uts ▁Category : 1 9 8 0 s ▁Canadian ▁music ▁television ▁series <0x0A> </s> ▁Ar ne ▁Ham ars land ▁( born ▁ 2 4 ▁July ▁ 1 9 3 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Norwegian ▁middle ▁distance ▁runner ▁who ▁special ized ▁in ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁metres . ▁He ▁represented ▁IL ▁G ular . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁he ▁finished ▁nin th ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁m ▁final ▁in ▁ 3 : 4 5 . 0 ▁minutes |
. ▁He ▁also ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁European ▁Championships ▁without ▁reaching ▁the ▁final . ▁He ▁became ▁Norwegian ▁champion ▁in ▁ 8 0 0 ▁m ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁ ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁m ▁in ▁the ▁years ▁ 1 9 5 5 - 1 9 5 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 9 - 1 9 6 1 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁ ▁He ▁has ▁represented ▁the ▁Centre ▁Party ▁for ▁eight ▁years ▁in ▁Y tre by g da ▁bor ough ▁council , ▁and ▁cha ired ▁Ber gen ▁Sports ▁Council ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁ ▁Personal ▁best s ▁ 8 0 0 ▁metres ▁- ▁ 1 : 4 9 . 1 ▁min ▁( 1 9 5 8 ) ▁▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁metres ▁- ▁ 3 : 3 9 . 8 ▁min ▁( 1 9 5 8 ) ▁- ▁tw elf th ▁among ▁Norwegian ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁m ▁run ners . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Ber gen ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁male ▁middle - distance ▁run ners ▁Category : A th let es ▁( track ▁and ▁field ) ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁athlet es ▁of ▁Norway ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁Ber gen |
▁Category : C entre ▁Party ▁( N or way ) ▁polit icians ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁sport sp erson - polit icians <0x0A> </s> ▁Gustav o ▁Mon to ya ▁( J uly ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 9 0 5 ▁– ▁July ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Mexican ▁artist ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁late ▁ad her ent ▁to ▁the ▁Mexican ▁School ▁of ▁P ain ting , ▁most ▁often ▁associated ▁with ▁Mexican ▁m ural ism . ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Mexico ▁City , ▁from ▁a ▁family ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁P orf i rio ▁Dí az ▁regime ▁and ▁who ▁had ▁to ▁hide ▁during ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Mexican ▁Revolution . ▁He ▁attended ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁San ▁Carlos ▁despite ▁his ▁father ' s ▁ob jections . ▁He ▁later ▁met ▁and ▁married ▁artist ▁Cord elia ▁U ru eta , ▁with ▁whom ▁he ▁lived ▁in ▁Paris , ▁developing ▁his ▁art istic ▁tal ents . ▁He ▁was ▁not ▁heavily ▁involved ▁in ▁Mexico ' s ▁art istic ▁circles ▁but ▁was ▁a ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Liga ▁de ▁Esc rit ores ▁y ▁Art istas ▁Revol ucion arios ▁and ▁the ▁Sal ón ▁de ▁la ▁Pl ást ica ▁Mex icana . ▁His ▁best - s elling ▁work ▁was ▁that ▁of ▁children ▁in ▁regional ▁traditional ▁Mexican ▁cl othing , ▁but ▁he ▁also ▁painted ▁many ▁street ▁scenes ▁in ▁Mexico ▁City ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁port ra its ▁and ▁still ▁lif es . ▁ ▁Life ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Mexico ▁City ▁on ▁July ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 |
9 0 5 , ▁to ▁Ad ol fo ▁Mon to ya ▁and ▁Con cep ción ▁Car ran co . ▁ ▁His ▁father ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁P orf i rio ▁Dí az ▁government , ▁so ▁when ▁that ▁government ▁fell ▁at ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁Mexican ▁Revolution , ▁the ▁family ▁went ▁into ▁hiding ▁from ▁Mexico ▁City ▁into ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Mor el os . ▁At ▁this ▁time , ▁Gustav o ▁was ▁only ▁seven ▁years ▁old , ▁but ▁he ▁remembered ▁hearing ▁that ▁the ▁Z apat istas ▁had ▁killed ▁two ▁neighbor ing ▁families . ▁To ▁protect ▁the ▁family , ▁the ▁father ▁moved ▁them ▁frequently , ▁often ▁going ▁to ▁one ▁house ▁at ▁night ▁and ▁Gustav o ▁w aking ▁up ▁in ▁another . ▁At ▁one ▁point , ▁they ▁were ▁at ▁the ▁house ▁of ▁a ▁stable man , ▁who ▁dressed ▁the ▁family ▁in ▁their ▁clothes . ▁When ▁Z apat istas ▁came ▁looking ▁for ▁them , ▁they ▁were ▁told ▁the ▁family ▁was ▁not ▁there ▁and ▁then ▁b rib ed ▁with ▁a ▁silver ▁coin ▁that ▁Mon to ya ' s ▁mother ▁had . ▁After ▁a ▁time , ▁Mon to ya ' s ▁father ▁decided ▁it ▁was ▁safe ▁enough ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁Mexico ▁City . ▁The ▁father ▁dressed ▁as ▁a ▁priest , ▁taking ▁advice ▁from ▁sympath etic ▁people ▁on ▁how ▁to ▁look , ▁and ▁the ▁family ▁tra ve led ▁in ▁a ▁large ▁w agon ▁safely . ▁ ▁By ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁the ▁war ▁had ▁w ound ▁down ▁and ▁Mon to ya ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁finish ▁middle ▁school , ▁when |
▁he ▁expressed ▁the ▁desire ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁painter . ▁His ▁father ▁object ed ▁but ▁in ▁the ▁end ▁accepted , ▁allowing ▁Mon to ya ▁to ▁en roll ▁in ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁San ▁Carlos . ▁ ▁Mon to ya ▁entered ▁the ▁school ▁at ▁age ▁fifteen , ▁with ▁Germ án ▁Ged ov ius ▁and ▁Roberto ▁Mont en eg ro ▁among ▁his ▁teachers , ▁painting ▁his ▁earliest ▁works ▁such ▁as ▁" C abe za ▁de ▁vie jo ", ▁" Des n udo " ▁and ▁" La ▁mon ja ". ▁He ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁school ▁only ▁taught ▁him ▁the ▁“ craft ” ▁of ▁art , ▁not ▁the ▁“ sp irit ” ▁of ▁it ▁and ▁for ▁this ▁reason ▁he ▁considered ▁himself ▁a ▁mostly ▁self - t aught ▁artist . ▁▁ ▁His ▁two ▁main ▁pass ions ▁in ▁life ▁were ▁women ▁and ▁painting . ▁He ▁married ▁his ▁first ▁wife , ▁Lu z ▁Sa aved ra , ▁without ▁his ▁parents ’ ▁permission , ▁moving ▁into ▁a ▁very ▁small ▁a partment ▁as ▁the ▁couple ▁was ▁very ▁poor ▁with ▁no ▁means ▁of ▁support . ▁When ▁his ▁father ▁saw ▁this , ▁he ▁offered ▁to ▁help , ▁using ▁connections ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁to ▁get ▁Gustav o ▁work ▁creating ▁post ers ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁couple ▁had ▁one ▁daughter ▁Rosa ▁El ena ▁Mon to ya ▁Sa aved ra . ▁The ▁marriage ▁did ▁not ▁last ▁long , ▁and ▁Mon to ya ▁returned ▁to ▁Mexico . ▁He ▁met ▁his ▁second ▁wife , ▁Cord elia ▁U ru eta , ▁at ▁the ▁studio ▁of ▁Past or ▁Vel áz quez |
. ▁Vel az quez ▁was ▁rent ing ▁space ▁that ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁studio ▁and ▁Mon to ya ▁asked ▁U ru eta ▁to ▁join ▁him ▁and ▁other ▁artists ▁to ▁rent ▁it . ▁It ▁allowed ▁Mon to ya ▁to ▁date ▁U ru eta . ▁ ▁Mon to ya ▁proposed ▁to ▁U ru eta , ▁who ▁accepted ▁with ▁the ▁condition ▁that ▁he ▁move ▁with ▁her ▁to ▁Europe ▁where ▁she ▁had ▁received ▁a ▁diplom atic ▁post ▁at ▁the ▁Mexican ▁emb ass y ▁in ▁Paris . ▁He ▁received ▁a ▁grant ▁from ▁the ▁Mexican ▁government ▁to ▁travel ▁to ▁Switzerland , ▁England ▁and ▁Italy ▁to ▁study ▁European ▁v angu ard ▁art ▁and ▁res ided ▁in ▁Paris ▁with ▁his ▁wife . ▁His ▁time ▁in ▁Europe ▁allowed ▁him ▁to ▁develop ▁as ▁an ▁artist , ▁including ▁learning ▁to ▁paint ▁with ▁his ▁non - domin ant ▁left ▁hand ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁experience ▁art ▁from ▁a ▁different ▁phys i ogn omy . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 5 , ▁Mon to ya ▁and ▁U ru eta ▁divor ced ▁after ▁twenty ▁six ▁years ▁of ▁marriage . ▁▁ ▁He ▁was ▁mostly ▁solit ary ▁and ▁did ▁not ▁involve ▁himself ▁in ▁art istic ▁circles . ▁However , ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Liga ▁de ▁Esc rit ores ▁y ▁Art istas ▁Revol ucion arios ▁along ▁with ▁Cord elia ▁U ru eta ▁and ▁others . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Sal ón ▁de ▁la ▁Pl ást ica ▁Mex icana ▁. ▁His ▁last ▁a partment ▁was ▁a ▁mod est ▁dwell ing ▁on ▁Cal |
le ▁Victoria ▁across ▁from ▁the ▁San ▁Juan ▁Market ▁in ▁the ▁historic ▁center ▁of ▁Mexico ▁City , ▁where ▁he ▁spent ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁his ▁life . ▁ ▁He ▁won ▁three ▁med als ▁as ▁a ▁tennis ▁player , ▁the ▁last ▁of ▁which ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁sevent y ▁five . ▁ ▁His ▁last ▁wife ▁was ▁Tr ina ▁Hung ria . ▁When ▁he ▁died , ▁he ▁had ▁four ▁grand children . ▁He ▁died ▁at ▁age ▁ 9 8 ▁in ▁Mexico ▁City ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁His ▁body ▁was ▁cre m ated ▁at ▁the ▁P ante ón ▁Españ ol . ▁ ▁Career ▁His ▁first ▁professional ▁art istic ▁work ▁was ▁making ▁post ers ▁for ▁mov ies ▁with ▁the ▁West ▁Coast ▁The aters ▁Co ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁starting ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 . ▁ ▁He ▁returned ▁for ▁a ▁time ▁to ▁Mexico , ▁working ▁with ▁Past or ▁Vel áz quez ▁and ▁other ▁artists ▁and ▁working ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁at ▁the ▁Esc uela ▁Nacional ▁de ▁Ar tes ▁Pl ást icas ▁( EN AP ) ▁. ▁He ▁then ▁went ▁to ▁Europe , ▁then ▁New ▁York ▁where ▁he ▁had ▁several ▁exhib itions ▁before ▁returning ▁again ▁to ▁Mexico ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁At ▁this ▁time , ▁he ▁became ▁focused ▁on ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁fellow ▁Mex icans , ▁joining ▁the ▁Mexican ▁ne o - real ism ▁movement ▁to ▁continue ▁the ▁trad itions ▁of ▁Mexican ▁m ural ism . ▁He ▁began ▁to ▁teach ▁at ▁EN AP ▁again ▁in ▁ |
1 9 5 3 . ▁ ▁His ▁first ▁exhibition ▁was ▁at ▁the ▁Dur and ▁Gallery ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California ▁followed ▁by ▁exhib its ▁in ▁Mexico ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Peru , ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁Belg ium , ▁Japan ▁and ▁other ▁countries . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁he ▁exhib ited ▁at ▁the ▁Gal er ía ▁de ▁Pl ást ica ▁Mex icana ▁of ▁In és ▁Am or . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 9 , ▁his ▁work ▁was ▁recognized ▁at ▁the ▁La ▁ciudad ▁de ▁México ▁y ▁sus ▁pint ores ” ▁event ▁and ▁exhib ited ▁his ▁work ▁at ▁the ▁first ▁Bien al ▁Mex icana ▁at ▁the ▁Pala cio ▁de ▁Bell as ▁Ar tes ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 , ▁at ▁the ▁second ▁Bien al ▁Pan amer icana ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁and ▁then ▁at ▁the ▁Ret r ato ▁Mex icano ▁event ▁at ▁the ▁Pala cio ▁de ▁Bell as ▁Ar tes ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁he ▁exhib ited ▁at ▁B ever ly ▁Hills ▁Collect ors ▁Gallery ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles . ▁His ▁work ▁was ▁exhib ited ▁at ▁the ▁Museum ▁of ▁Modern ▁Art ▁in ▁San ▁Antonio , ▁Texas ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁he ▁exhib ited ▁at ▁the ▁Gal eria ▁Arte ▁N uc le o ▁in ▁Mexico ▁City . ▁He ▁participated ▁in ▁collect ive ▁exhib itions ▁at ▁the ▁Museo ▁M ural ▁Diego ▁River a ▁and ▁the ▁Gal eria ▁Mar stelle ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 |
5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁the ▁Museo ▁M ural ▁Diego ▁River a ▁realized ▁an ▁anth ology ▁of ▁his ▁work , ▁referring ▁to ▁him ▁as ▁a ▁“ Gre at ▁Sil ent ▁One .” ▁▁ ▁His ▁most ▁commer cially ▁successful ▁work ▁was ▁that ▁of ▁children ▁dressed ▁in ▁regional ▁traditional ▁cl othing , ▁showing ▁influence ▁from ▁Diego ▁River a . ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁collect ors ▁of ▁his ▁work ▁were ▁those ▁who ▁appreciated ▁his ▁traditional ▁style , ▁mostly ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁Sign ific ant ▁works ▁include ▁“ L as ▁call es ▁de ▁Mexico " ▁( 1 9 4 5 ), ▁" B ode g ones ▁mex ican os " ▁( 1 9 5 1 ), ▁" N inos ▁mex ican os " ▁( 1 9 5 4 ), ▁" M u ros " ▁( 1 9 6 2 ) ▁and ▁" A jed rez " ▁( 1 9 7 1 ). ▁His ▁last ▁works ▁include ▁" Ag onia ▁de ▁una ▁tarde ", ▁" A utor re tr ato ▁m uerto " ▁and ▁" La ▁muerte ▁cant a " ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁Art istry ▁He ▁spent ▁most ▁of ▁his ▁career ▁painting ▁the ▁streets ▁of ▁Mexico ▁and ▁its ▁inhabitants . ▁He ▁painted ▁mur als , ▁still ▁lif es , ▁port ra its ▁and ▁street ▁scenes . ▁Element s ▁in ▁his ▁work ▁include ▁m ans ions , ▁ten ements , ▁churches , ▁alle ys ▁and ▁mark ets ▁of ▁Mexico ▁City . ▁He ▁preferred |
▁to ▁paint ▁the ▁poor ▁and ▁working ▁class , ▁considering ▁them ▁the ▁more ▁“ authentic ” ▁of ▁Mexico ▁City ' s ▁residents . ▁His ▁work ▁has ▁been ▁called ▁“ late ▁Mexican ▁School ▁of ▁P ain ting ” ▁as ▁it ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁style ▁of ▁the ▁m ural ists ▁of ▁the ▁early ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁an ▁excellent ▁sketch ▁artist , ▁especially ▁creating ▁academic ▁style ▁port ra its ▁such ▁as ▁those ▁of ▁his ▁daughter ▁Rosa ▁El ena . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M ex ican ▁artists ▁Category : 1 9 0 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 3 ▁death s <0x0A> </s> ▁Group ▁information ▁management ▁( G IM ) ▁is ▁an ▁extension ▁of ▁personal ▁information ▁management ▁( PI M ) ▁" as ▁it ▁functions ▁in ▁more ▁public ▁spher es " ▁ ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁pe op les ' ▁efforts ▁to ▁share ▁and ▁co - man age ▁information , ▁and ▁has ▁been ▁a ▁topic ▁of ▁study ▁for ▁research ers ▁in ▁P IM , ▁human – comput er ▁interaction ▁( H CI ), ▁and ▁computer ▁supported ▁co oper ative ▁work ▁( C SC W ). ▁People ▁ac quire , ▁organ ize , ▁maintain , ▁retrieve ▁and ▁use ▁information ▁items ▁to ▁support ▁individual ▁needs , ▁but ▁these ▁P IM ▁activities ▁are ▁often ▁embedded ▁in ▁group ▁or ▁organiz ational ▁context s ▁and ▁performed ▁with ▁sharing ▁in ▁mind . ▁The ▁act ▁of ▁sharing ▁moves ▁personal ▁information ▁into ▁spher es ▁of ▁group ▁activity ▁and ▁also |
▁creates ▁t ensions ▁that ▁shape ▁what ▁and ▁how ▁the ▁information ▁is ▁shared . ▁The ▁practice ▁and ▁the ▁study ▁of ▁G IM ▁focus es ▁on ▁this ▁interaction ▁between ▁personal ▁information ▁and ▁group ▁context s . ▁ ▁Iss ues ▁in ▁the ▁study ▁and ▁practice ▁Ch alleng es ▁of ▁G IM ▁that ▁have ▁been ▁identified ▁or ▁studied ▁in ▁literature ▁include ▁situ ating ▁individual ▁work spaces ▁within ▁group ▁context s ; ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁convent ions ▁in ▁sharing ▁information ; ▁integr ating ▁and ▁negoti ating ▁the ▁varied ▁approaches ▁to ▁organ izing ▁information ; ▁ ▁understanding ▁information ▁spaces ▁that ▁others ▁have ▁personal ized ; ▁and ▁retr ieving ▁information ▁from ▁shared ▁spaces . ▁ ▁Im pro ved ▁software ▁may ▁help ▁to ▁alle vi ate ▁some ▁of ▁these ▁challeng es , ▁for ▁example ▁by ▁analyz ing ▁group ▁activities ▁or ▁impro ving ▁Web ▁services ▁that ▁support ▁shared ▁folders . ▁Fac ed ▁with ▁the ▁limitations ▁of ▁current ▁software , ▁users ▁often ▁prefer ▁more ▁traditional , ▁ad ▁h oc ▁methods ▁of ▁sharing ▁information , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁e - mail ▁attach ments , ▁and ▁will ▁even ▁circum vent ▁institution al ized ▁software ▁to ▁do ▁so . ▁Therefore ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁understanding ▁and ▁impro ving ▁collabor ative ▁information ▁tasks ▁is ▁clearly ▁great , ▁and ▁work ▁remains ▁to ▁be ▁done . ▁Other ▁issues ▁include : ▁ ▁formerly ▁private ▁calendar ▁entries ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁for ▁ends ▁other ▁than ▁sched uling ▁meet ings ▁what ▁users ▁choose ▁to ▁reve al ▁or ▁conce al ▁how ▁their ▁dis closure ▁of ▁personal ▁information ▁is ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁ends ▁that |
▁they ▁hope ▁to ▁achieve ▁the ▁eth ics ▁of ▁' counter fe iting ' ▁links ▁or ▁consp iring ▁to ▁gar ner ▁' ina uth entic ' ▁recommend ations ▁to ▁increase ▁their ▁stat ure ▁in ▁the ▁system . ▁complex ▁questions ▁of ▁priv acy ▁and ▁access ▁and ▁ownership . ▁( user ▁control , ▁priv acy ▁and ▁trust ) ▁user ▁reli ance ▁on ▁system ▁defaults ▁ ▁Tool ▁support ▁Group ▁cal end aring ▁Social ▁networking ▁Pat ient ▁medical ▁records ▁Coll abor ative ▁filtering ▁and ▁recommend ations ▁Coll abor ative ▁tag ging ▁File ▁sharing ▁and ▁presentation ▁ ▁Private ▁family ▁network ▁applications ▁like ▁St retch ▁for ▁Famil ies . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Coll abor ative ▁software ▁Computer - supported ▁co oper ative ▁work ▁( C SC W ) ▁ ▁Human – comput er ▁interaction ▁ ▁Personal ▁information ▁management ▁( PI M ) ▁Priv acy ▁The ▁Pres entation ▁of ▁Self ▁in ▁Every day ▁Life ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pl anning <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Charles ▁Bis by ▁( 4 ▁December ▁ 1 8 7 6 ▁– ▁ 1 9 4 5 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁professional ▁footballer ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁a ▁wing ▁half . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 7 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 4 5 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Raw mar sh ▁Category : English ▁football ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁wing ▁hal ves ▁Category : K il n h urst ▁Col li ery ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : She ff ield ▁United ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category |
: Gr ims by ▁Town ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Den aby ▁United ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : English ▁Football ▁League ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Short - hand ed ▁is ▁a ▁term ▁used ▁in ▁ice ▁hockey ▁and ▁several ▁related ▁sports , ▁including ▁water ▁pol o , ▁and ▁refers ▁to ▁having ▁fewer ▁sk aters ▁( play ers ) ▁on ▁the ▁ice ▁during ▁play , ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁a ▁penalty . ▁The ▁player ▁removed ▁from ▁play ▁serves ▁the ▁penalty ▁in ▁the ▁penalty ▁box ▁for ▁a ▁set ▁amount ▁of ▁time ▁proportional ▁to ▁the ▁sever ity ▁of ▁the ▁inf raction . ▁If ▁a ▁go alt ender ▁commits ▁a ▁minor ▁inf raction , ▁another ▁player ▁who ▁was ▁on ▁the ▁ice ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁the ▁penalty ▁serves , ▁often ▁but ▁not ▁necessarily ▁the ▁team ▁captain . ▁ ▁The ▁pen al ized ▁team ▁is ▁said ▁to ▁be ▁on ▁the ▁penalty ▁kill , ▁abbre vi ated ▁as ▁" PK " ▁for ▁recording ▁purposes , ▁while ▁their ▁players ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁penalty ▁box . ▁The ▁oppos ing ▁team ▁is ▁usually ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁having ▁an ▁" adv antage " ▁until ▁the ▁pen al ized ▁player ▁returns ▁to ▁play . ▁This ▁situation ▁is ▁often ▁called ▁a ▁power ▁play ▁for ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁team . ▁The ▁advantage ▁largely ▁comes ▁from ▁having ▁an ▁additional ▁player , ▁making ▁it ▁impossible ▁for ▁the ▁short - hand ed ▁team ▁to ▁defend ▁every ▁player ▁one - on - one ▁and , ▁in ▁the ▁event ▁the ▁short - hand ed ▁team ▁is ▁making ▁an ▁off |
ensive ▁run , ▁the ▁team ▁on ▁the ▁power ▁play ▁can ▁double - team ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁short - hand ed ▁team ' s ▁players ▁while ▁still ▁covering ▁everyone ▁else . ▁ ▁The ▁short - hand ed ▁team ▁has ▁one ▁advantage ▁during ▁a ▁power ▁play : ▁it ▁is ▁free ▁to ▁ice ▁the ▁pu ck ▁without ▁the ▁play ▁being ▁stopped ▁and ▁thus ▁can ▁change ▁lines ▁at ▁roughly ▁the ▁same ▁intervals ▁as ▁during ▁five - on - five ▁play . ▁This ▁advantage ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁explo ited ▁by ▁sk aters ▁with ▁enough ▁speed ▁and ▁off ensive ▁skill : ▁without ▁the ▁threat ▁of ▁ic ing , ▁break aw ays ▁can ▁be ▁more ▁safely ▁attempted , ▁which ▁opens ▁the ▁opportunity ▁for ▁short - hand ed ▁goals . ▁However , ▁two ▁gover ning ▁bodies ▁have ▁enfor ced ▁ic ing ▁on ▁power ▁plays , ▁thus ▁putting ▁the ▁short - hand ed ▁team ▁at ▁an ▁even ▁stronger ▁dis adv antage : ▁ ▁The ▁World ▁Hockey ▁Association ▁did ▁so ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s . ▁ ▁USA ▁Hockey ▁has ▁done ▁so ▁in ▁all ▁san ction ed ▁youth ▁compet itions ▁( play ers ▁ 1 4 ▁and ▁under , ▁in ▁all ▁age ▁groups ) ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 7 – 1 8 . ▁ ▁The ▁team ▁on ▁the ▁power ▁play ▁often ▁only ▁has ▁one ▁def ens eman ▁at ▁the ▁rear ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁typical ▁two , ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁adding ▁another ▁attack er . ▁R are ly , ▁teams ▁have ▁pulled ▁their ▁goal ie ▁for ▁the ▁sixth ▁on - |
ice ▁player ▁( such ▁as ▁in ▁Game ▁ 2 ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Stanley ▁Cup ▁Final s ). ▁Play ers ▁assigned ▁to ▁power ▁play ▁or ▁penalty ▁killing ▁duties ▁are ▁often ▁known ▁as ▁" special ▁teams ." ▁ ▁If ▁the ▁team ▁with ▁the ▁power ▁play ▁scores ▁a ▁goal ▁while ▁the ▁other ▁team ▁is ▁short - hand ed , ▁the ▁penalty ▁is ▁over , ▁except ▁if ▁a ▁goal ▁was ▁scored ▁during ▁a ▁major ▁penalty ▁or ▁a ▁match ▁penalty ▁in ▁reg ulation ▁time . ▁ ▁In ▁le agues ▁that ▁reduce ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁players ▁on ▁the ▁ice ▁in ▁over time , ▁the ▁concept ▁still ▁exists , ▁but ▁is ▁slightly ▁modified ▁to ▁accommod ate ▁the ▁reduced ▁team ▁size . ▁For ▁example , ▁over time ▁during ▁regular - season ▁N HL ▁games ▁uses ▁a ▁ 3 - on - 3 ▁format , ▁with ▁each ▁side ▁having ▁three ▁sk aters ▁plus ▁the ▁go alt ender . ▁If ▁a ▁player ▁is ▁pen al ized ▁during ▁over time , ▁he ▁is ▁sent ▁to ▁the ▁penalty ▁box , ▁but ▁can ▁be ▁replaced ▁by ▁another ▁player . ▁However , ▁the ▁non - pen al ized ▁team ▁receives ▁an ▁extra ▁sk ater ▁for ▁the ▁duration ▁of ▁the ▁penalty . ▁If ▁the ▁penalty ▁exp ires ▁without ▁a ▁goal ▁being ▁scored , ▁the ▁extra ▁sk ater ▁is ▁removed ▁from ▁the ▁ice ▁and ▁play ▁continues . ▁If ▁reg ulation ▁time ▁ends ▁with ▁a ▁power ▁play ▁in ▁progress , ▁the ▁adv ant aged ▁team ▁will ▁start ▁over time ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁three ▁sk aters ▁( |
al most ▁always ▁four , ▁very ▁rarely ▁five ). ▁▁ 5 - on - 3 ▁A ▁team ▁can ▁have ▁two ▁players ▁in ▁the ▁penalty ▁box , ▁but ▁can ▁only ▁be ▁limited ▁to ▁three ▁players ▁on ▁the ▁ice ▁at ▁any ▁given ▁time . ▁If ▁the ▁other ▁team ▁is ▁at ▁full ▁strength ▁and ▁the ▁pen al ized ▁team ▁has ▁two ▁players ▁in ▁the ▁penalty ▁box , ▁plus ▁a ▁goal ie ▁in ▁net , ▁the ▁situation ▁is ▁called ▁a ▁ 5 - on - 3 . ▁This ▁situation ▁gives ▁the ▁team ▁on ▁the ▁power ▁play ▁an ▁even ▁greater ▁chance ▁of ▁scoring . ▁If ▁the ▁adv ant aged ▁team ▁on ▁the ▁ 5 - on - 3 ▁scores , ▁the ▁player ▁who ▁took ▁the ▁earlier ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁pen alt ies ▁may ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁ice , ▁and ▁play ▁res umes ▁as ▁a ▁power ▁play ▁with ▁only ▁one ▁player ▁in ▁the ▁penalty ▁box . ▁However , ▁if ▁the ▁first ▁penalty ▁taken ▁was ▁a ▁double - min or ▁penalty , ▁the ▁penalty ▁that ▁exp ires ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁penalty ▁of ▁the ▁double - min or , ▁and ▁the ▁clock ▁then ▁begins ▁to ▁run ▁down ▁on ▁the ▁second ▁penalty , ▁with ▁the ▁ 5 - on - 3 ▁continu ing . ▁ ▁A ▁call ▁for ▁too ▁many ▁men ▁on ▁the ▁ice ▁in ▁a ▁ 5 - on - 3 ▁situation ▁in ▁the ▁last ▁two ▁minutes ▁of ▁reg ulation ▁or ▁in ▁over time ▁now ▁results ▁in ▁a ▁penalty ▁shot . ▁This ▁current ▁rule ▁resulted ▁from ▁Co ach ▁Roger ▁Neil son |
' s ▁explo itation ▁of ▁rule ▁loop hol es ▁during ▁an ▁O HL ▁game ▁when ▁his ▁team ▁was ▁up ▁one ▁goal , ▁but ▁was ▁down ▁two ▁men ▁in ▁a ▁five - on - three ▁situation ▁for ▁the ▁last ▁minute ▁of ▁the ▁game . ▁Real izing ▁that ▁more ▁pen alt ies ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁served ▁under ▁the ▁existing ▁rules , ▁Neil son ▁put ▁too ▁many ▁men ▁on ▁the ▁ice ▁every ▁ten ▁seconds . ▁The ▁ref ere es ▁stopped ▁the ▁play ▁and ▁a ▁face - off ▁was ▁held , ▁rel ieving ▁pressure ▁on ▁the ▁defense . ▁ ▁In ▁regular - season ▁over time ▁in ▁the ▁N HL , ▁a ▁ 5 - on - 3 ▁situation ▁is ▁possible ▁if ▁two ▁players ▁on ▁one ▁team ▁are ▁serving ▁pen alt ies ▁at ▁the ▁same ▁time . ▁ ▁Short - hand ed ▁goals ▁A ▁short - hand ed ▁goal ▁is ▁a ▁goal ▁scored ▁in ▁ice ▁hockey ▁when ▁a ▁team ' s ▁on - ice ▁players ▁are ▁out number ed ▁by ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁team ' s . ▁Norm ally , ▁a ▁team ▁would ▁be ▁out number ed ▁because ▁of ▁a ▁penalty ▁in cur red . ▁However , ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁team ▁on ▁the ▁power ▁play ▁often ▁only ▁has ▁one ▁def ens eman ▁at ▁the ▁rear ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁typical ▁two , ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁adding ▁another ▁attack er . ▁This ▁strategy ▁can ▁often ▁be ▁explo ited ▁by ▁the ▁short - hand ed ▁team , ▁if ▁they ▁do ▁manage ▁to ▁get ▁the ▁pu ck ▁out ▁into ▁the ▁neutral ▁zone |
▁leaving ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁players ▁behind , ▁and ▁the ▁penalty ▁kill ers ▁may ▁enjoy ▁odd ▁man ▁r ush es ▁and ▁break aw ays ▁against ▁the ▁single ▁def ens eman ▁of ▁the ▁adv ant aged ▁team . ▁As ▁previously ▁noted , ▁the ▁susp ension ▁of ▁ic ing ▁rules ▁also ▁allows ▁passes ▁to ▁be ▁longer ▁and ▁the ▁pu ck ▁to ▁be ▁dump ed ▁and ▁ch ased ▁without ▁stopping ▁play . ▁Un like ▁power ▁play ▁goals , ▁sh orth and ed ▁goals ▁cannot ▁end ▁pen alt ies ▁( unless ▁if ▁a ▁sh orth and ed ▁goal ▁is ▁scored ▁in ▁over time , ▁which ▁automatically ▁ends ▁the ▁game ). ▁ ▁When ▁one ▁team ▁pull s ▁its ▁goal ie ▁near ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁a ▁game ▁to ▁play ▁with ▁an ▁extra ▁attack er , ▁any ▁goal ▁scored ▁on ▁the ▁empty ▁net ▁is ▁not ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁short - hand ed ▁( because ▁there ▁are ▁equal ▁numbers ▁of ▁players ▁on ▁ice ▁for ▁the ▁teams ). ▁ ▁Short - hand ed ▁goals ▁are ▁somewhat ▁inf re quent ▁when ▁a ▁team ▁is ▁down ▁one ▁player , ▁and ▁some ▁instances ▁have ▁occurred ▁where ▁two ▁short - hand ed ▁goals ▁have ▁been ▁scored ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁penalty . ▁Very ▁rarely ▁is ▁a ▁short - hand ed ▁goal ▁scored ▁by ▁a ▁team ▁that ▁is ▁down ▁two ▁players . ▁( The ▁general ▁approach ▁when ▁down ▁two ▁men ▁is ▁for ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁team ▁to ▁assume ▁the ▁" ir on ▁cross :" ▁establish ▁a ▁diam ond ▁shape ▁with ▁one ▁forward , ▁two ▁def ens emen |
▁and ▁the ▁go alt ender , ▁remain ▁in ▁the ▁def ensive ▁zone , ▁and ▁clear ▁the ▁pu ck ▁whenever ▁possible , ▁without ▁making ▁any ▁effort ▁to ▁make ▁an ▁off ensive ▁play ▁and ▁je op ard ize ▁the ▁already ▁weak ened ▁def ensive ▁position .) ▁Form er ▁Philadelphia ▁Fly ers ▁captain ▁Mike ▁Rich ards ▁holds ▁the ▁record ▁for ▁most ▁career ▁ 3 - on - 5 ▁goals ▁with ▁three , ▁having ▁att ained ▁the ▁last ▁one ▁during ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 8 - 0 9 ▁season . ▁ ▁The ▁quick est ▁tri o ▁of ▁short - hand ed ▁goals ▁ever ▁scored ▁in ▁a ▁National ▁Hockey ▁League ▁game ▁occurred ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁during ▁a ▁game ▁at ▁the ▁T D ▁Garden ▁between ▁the ▁Boston ▁Bru ins ▁and ▁Carolina ▁H urr ican es , ▁when ▁the ▁Bru ins ▁scored ▁three ▁short - hand ed ▁goals ▁against ▁Carolina ▁go alt ender ▁Cam ▁Ward ▁in ▁only ▁ 1 : 0 4 ▁of ▁game ▁time , ▁during ▁a ▁minor ▁hook ing ▁penalty ▁to ▁Bru ins ▁def ens eman ▁Matt ▁Hun wick . ▁ ▁The ▁Boston ▁Bru ins ▁also ▁made ▁N HL ▁history ▁for ▁those ▁short - hand ed ▁goals , ▁as ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁that ▁a ▁team ▁scored ▁three ▁times ▁on ▁a ▁single ▁penalty ▁kill ▁( Daniel ▁P aille , ▁Bla ke ▁Whe eler , ▁Steve ▁Begin ). ▁▁ ▁The ▁most ▁short - hand ed ▁goals ▁ever ▁scored ▁in ▁one ▁N HL ▁game ▁by ▁one ▁team ▁occurred ▁on ▁April |
▁ 7 , ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁when ▁the ▁W inn ip eg ▁J ets ▁scored ▁four , ▁the ▁most ▁since ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁era ▁of ▁the ▁Original ▁Six ▁teams ▁of ▁the ▁N HL . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Power ▁play ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁rules ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁termin ology <0x0A> </s> ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a ▁( “ S atan ▁on ▁Earth ” ), ▁subt itled ▁“ n ob el ang ▁p ang k as alu ku yan ” ▁( “ Pres ent - day ▁Nov el ” ), ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁Tag alog - language ▁novel ▁by ▁Filip ino ▁author ▁and ▁script writer ▁Cel so ▁Al . ▁Car un ung an , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁“ tit ans ▁of ▁Philipp ine ▁literature ”. ▁ ▁The ▁novel ▁critic izes ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁government ▁and ▁society ▁during ▁the ▁early ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁a ▁reason ▁why ▁the ▁author ▁had ▁been ▁included ▁among ▁the ▁group ▁known ▁as ▁" Class ▁ 1 0 8 1 ", ▁Filip inos ▁imprison ed ▁when ▁Mart ial ▁Law ▁was ▁declared ▁by ▁Ferdinand ▁Mar cos ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 2 . ▁ ▁A part ▁from ▁being ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁political ▁nov els ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁that ▁" re present ed ▁a ▁cl am or ▁for ▁change ▁in ▁society " ▁( Fil ip ino : ▁kin ata wan |
▁ng ▁pag hing i ▁ng ▁pag b ab ago ▁sa ▁lip un an ), ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁nov els ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁that ▁incorpor ated ▁rom antic ism ▁in ▁its ▁plot ▁using ▁the ▁" lo ve ▁triangle " ▁( Fil ip ino : ▁t ats ul uk an ▁ng ▁pag - ib ig ) ▁genre , ▁a ▁genre ▁that ▁began ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁in ▁▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁through ▁another ▁novel ▁entitled ▁Juan ▁Mas ili ▁by ▁another ▁Filip ino ▁author ▁named ▁Pat ric io ▁Mar iano . ▁ ▁The ▁love ▁triangle ▁in ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a ▁is ▁ ▁between ▁the ▁characters ▁Ben ign o ▁T ala vera , ▁Con rado , ▁and ▁Ch ona . ▁ ▁Description ▁According ▁to ▁Ruby ▁Gam boa - Al c ant ara ▁in ▁her ▁" R om ant is ismo , ▁Est il ong ▁Pil ip ino " ▁It in ata k ▁sa ▁Nobel ang ▁Tag alog ▁(" R om antic ism , ▁Filip ino ▁Style " ▁St amp ed ▁on ▁the ▁Tag alog ▁Nov el ), ▁the ▁character ▁Ben ign o ▁T ala vera ▁was ▁the ▁representative ▁of ▁Philipp ine ▁politics ▁in ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a . ▁T ala vera ▁was ▁a ▁" former ly ▁good ▁citiz en " ▁who ▁was ▁influenced ▁by ▁three ▁other ▁Congress men ▁( Fil ip ino : ▁Kong gres ista ) ▁Car pio , ▁David , ▁and ▁Bal b ino . ▁ ▁The ▁three ▁were ▁che ating ▁each ▁other ▁for |
▁the ▁sake ▁of ▁clim bing ▁up ▁the ▁lad der ▁of ▁power ▁and ▁for ▁gain ing ▁wealth . ▁ ▁In ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a , ▁the ▁reign ▁of ▁gre ed ▁was ▁ended ▁by ▁the ▁per sec ution ▁of ▁Senator ▁Mor ales , ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁T ala vera , ▁and ▁the ▁burning ▁of ▁evidence ▁used ▁to ▁black mail ▁T ala vera . ▁ ▁The ▁evidence ▁was ▁burn ed ▁by ▁T ala vera ' s ▁wife , ▁Virginia . ▁ ▁The ▁other ▁circumstances ▁presented ▁in ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a ▁were ▁the ▁drug ▁add iction ▁of ▁Is ma el , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁T ala vera ; ▁the ▁pre gn ancy ▁out ▁of ▁wed lock ▁and ▁mother hood ▁as ▁a ▁single ▁woman ▁by ▁Est her , ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁T ala vera ; ▁the ▁love ▁affair ▁between ▁Con tr ado ▁and ▁Ch ona ; ▁and ▁the ▁el op ement ▁of ▁Con rado ▁and ▁Ch ona ▁( Con rado ▁was ▁supposed ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁priest ). ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Gam boa - Al c ant ara , ▁there ▁is ▁an ▁un real istic ▁circumst ance ▁in ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a , ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁excess ive ▁port ray al ▁of ▁Virginia , ▁the ▁wife ▁of ▁T ala vera , ▁as ▁the ▁mart y red ▁sp ouse ▁and ▁mother , ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁Philipp ine - style ▁rom antic ism . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁M ga ▁An ak - B uk id ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁P ages |
▁of ▁Sat anas ▁sa ▁L up a ▁online ▁ ▁Category : Ph ili pp ine ▁nov els ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 ▁nov els ▁Category : Tag alog - language ▁nov els ▁Category : Pol it ical ▁nov els ▁Category : Nov els ▁set ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines <0x0A> </s> ▁" L oving ▁You " ▁is ▁a ▁song ▁by ▁Irish ▁singer ▁F ear gal ▁Sh ar key , ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁non - album ▁single ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁It ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Sh ar key ▁and ▁Jo ▁Call is , ▁and ▁produced ▁by ▁Queen ▁drum mer ▁Roger ▁Taylor ▁and ▁David ▁Rich ards . ▁" L oving ▁You " ▁reached ▁No . ▁ 2 6 ▁in ▁the ▁UK ▁and ▁remained ▁in ▁the ▁charts ▁for ▁eleven ▁weeks . ▁A ▁music ▁video ▁was ▁created ▁to ▁promote ▁the ▁single , ▁while ▁Sh ar key ▁also ▁performed ▁the ▁song ▁on ▁the ▁UK ▁music ▁show ▁Top ▁of ▁the ▁P ops . ▁ ▁Taylor ▁provided ▁additional ▁drums ▁and ▁synth s ▁on ▁" L oving ▁You ". ▁The ▁single ' s ▁B - side , ▁" Is ▁This ▁An ▁Ex plan ation ? ", ▁was ▁exclusive ▁to ▁the ▁single . ▁It ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Sh ar key ▁and ▁Call is , ▁and ▁produced ▁by ▁Sh ar key . ▁ ▁Form ats ▁ ▁Chart ▁performance ▁ ▁Person nel ▁▁ ▁F ear gal ▁Sh ar key ▁- ▁vocals , ▁producer ▁of ▁" Is ▁This ▁An ▁Ex plan ation ?" ▁ ▁Roger ▁Taylor ▁- ▁producer ▁of ▁" L oving ▁You |
", ▁additional ▁drums ▁and ▁synth s ▁on ▁" L oving ▁You " ▁ ▁Dave ▁Rich ards ▁- ▁producer ▁of ▁" L oving ▁You " ▁ ▁C ary n ▁G ough ▁- ▁sle e ve ▁design ▁ ▁Richard ▁H aught on ▁- ▁phot ography ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 5 ▁singles ▁Category : F ear gal ▁Sh ar key ▁songs ▁Category : Pop ▁ball ads ▁Category : 1 9 8 5 ▁songs ▁Category : V ir gin ▁Records ▁singles ▁Category : S ongs ▁written ▁by ▁Jo ▁Call is <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Ch il tern ▁School ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁co ed uc ational ▁special ▁school ▁located ▁over ▁two ▁sites ▁in ▁D unst able ▁and ▁H ought on ▁Reg is ▁in ▁Bed ford shire , ▁England . ▁The ▁school ▁accepts ▁pup ils ▁from ▁all ▁over ▁the ▁Central ▁Bed ford shire ▁area . ▁ ▁Special ▁education ▁ ▁The ▁Ch il tern ▁School ▁is ▁for ▁pup ils ▁between ▁the ▁ages ▁of ▁ 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 ▁years ▁of ▁age , ▁whose ▁special ▁educational ▁needs ▁fall ▁within ▁the ▁categories ▁of ▁moder ate ▁to ▁severe ▁learning ▁difficulties . ▁Some ▁pup ils ▁may ▁have ▁additional ▁medical , ▁physical ▁or ▁sens ory ▁imp air ments ▁or ▁emot ional ▁and ▁behaviour al ▁difficulties . ▁ ▁Fac ilities ▁for ▁pup ils ▁at ▁the ▁H ought on ▁Reg is ▁campus ▁of ▁the ▁school ▁include ▁sens ory ▁rooms , ▁and ▁a ▁resident ial ▁b ung al ow ▁on ▁campus ▁which ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁pup ils ' ▁life ▁skills |
. ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁school ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁from ▁the ▁mer ger ▁of ▁Glen wood ▁School ▁in ▁D unst able ▁and ▁Hill c rest ▁School ▁in ▁H ought on ▁Reg is . ▁The ▁school ▁continues ▁to ▁operate ▁over ▁both ▁sites ▁with ▁the ▁primary ▁department ▁of ▁the ▁school ▁based ▁in ▁D unst able ▁and ▁the ▁secondary ▁department ▁based ▁in ▁H ought on ▁Reg is . ▁The ▁school ▁celebrated ▁its ▁first ▁anni versary ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁with ▁celebr ants ▁not ing ▁achiev ements ▁of ▁students ▁and ▁staff . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁head ▁teacher ▁Sh ir ley - An ne ▁C ros bie ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁for ▁" For ▁services ▁to ▁Children ▁with ▁Special ▁Ne eds ▁Education ". ▁Since ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Lisa ▁Leonard ▁has ▁served ▁as ▁head ▁teacher . ▁ ▁In spe ctions ▁and ▁evalu ations ▁ ▁The ▁UK ' s ▁Office ▁for ▁Stand ards ▁in ▁Education ▁( Of sted ) ▁ins pected ▁Ch il tern ▁School ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁and ▁again ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁ranking ▁it ▁overall ▁" Good " ▁on ▁both ▁reports . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁The ▁Ch il tern ▁School ▁home page ▁ ▁Category : Special ▁schools ▁in ▁Central ▁Bed ford shire ▁District ▁Category : Special ▁secondary ▁schools ▁in ▁England ▁Category : Comm unity ▁schools ▁in ▁Central ▁Bed ford shire ▁District ▁Category : E du c ational ▁institutions |
▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 <0x0A> </s> ▁Hal de a ▁stri at ula ▁( former ly ▁Virginia ▁stri at ula ), ▁commonly ▁called ▁the ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake , ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁non ven om ous ▁nat ric ine ▁col ub rid ▁s nake ▁native ▁to ▁the ▁sout he astern ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁Tax onomy ▁The ▁species ▁was ▁first ▁described ▁by ▁Carl ▁Lin na eus ▁in ▁ 1 7 6 6 , ▁as ▁Col uber ▁stri at ulus . ▁Over ▁the ▁next ▁two ▁and ▁a ▁half ▁centuries ▁its ▁scientific ▁name ▁has ▁been ▁changed ▁several ▁times ▁( see ▁syn onym s ). ▁Most ▁recently , ▁the ▁generic ▁name ▁was ▁changed ▁back ▁from ▁Virginia ▁to ▁Hal de a ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁Common ▁names ▁Other ▁common ▁names ▁for ▁Hal de a ▁stri at ula ▁include : ▁brown ▁ground ▁s nake , ▁brown ▁s nake , ▁ground ▁s nake , ▁little ▁brown ▁s nake , ▁little ▁strip ed ▁s nake , ▁small ▁brown ▁vi per , ▁small - ey ed ▁brown ▁s nake , ▁southern ▁ground ▁s nake , ▁stri ated ▁vi per , ▁and ▁w orm ▁s nake . ▁ ▁Geographic ▁range ▁The ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁is ▁found ▁from ▁southern ▁Virginia ▁to ▁northern ▁Florida , ▁west ▁along ▁the ▁G ulf ▁Coast ▁to ▁southern ▁Texas , ▁and ▁north ▁into ▁south - central ▁Missouri ▁and ▁sout he astern ▁Kansas . ▁ ▁Description ▁H . ▁stri at ula ▁is ▁a ▁small , ▁har ml ess , ▁secret ive |
, ▁fairly ▁sl ender ▁s nake , ▁ 7 - 1 0 ▁inches ▁( 1 8 – 2 5 cm ) ▁in ▁total ▁length ▁( including ▁tail ). ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁round ▁pup il , ▁weak ly ▁ke e led ▁d ors al ▁scales , ▁and ▁usually ▁a ▁divided ▁anal ▁plate . ▁D ors ally , ▁it ▁is ▁brown , ▁gray , ▁or ▁re dd ish , ▁and ▁essentially ▁has ▁no ▁pattern . ▁Fem ales ▁are ▁a ▁little ▁longer ▁and ▁heav ier ▁than ▁males , ▁with ▁relatively ▁shorter ▁t ails . ▁Young ▁individuals ▁often ▁have ▁a ▁light ▁band ▁on ▁the ▁neck , ▁which ▁is ▁normally ▁lost ▁as ▁they ▁m ature . ▁The ▁bel ly ▁is ▁tan ▁to ▁wh it ish ▁and ▁is ▁not ▁sharp ly ▁defined ▁in ▁color ▁from ▁the ▁back , ▁unlike ▁in ▁the ▁w orm s nake ▁( Car ph oph is ▁am o en us ) ▁or ▁the ▁red - bel lied ▁s nake ▁( St or eria ▁oc cip it om ac ul ata ). ▁K ee led ▁scales ▁differenti ate ▁the ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁from ▁the ▁similar ▁smooth ▁earth ▁s nake ▁( V ir gin ia ▁val eria e ), ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁from ▁the ▁w orm s nake . ▁H . ▁stri at ula ▁is ▁most ▁likely ▁to ▁be ▁confused ▁with ▁De ▁Kay ' s ▁brown ▁s nake ▁( St or eria ▁de k ay i ), ▁which ▁is ▁a ▁little ▁larger ▁and ▁is ▁light ▁brown ▁with ▁dark ▁mark ings ▁on ▁the ▁back ▁and ▁neck |
. ▁Un like ▁the ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake , ▁De ▁Kay ' s ▁brown ▁s nake ▁retain s ▁these ▁mark ings ▁into ▁ad ul th ood . ▁Also , ▁S . ▁de k ay i ▁has ▁a ▁round er ▁sn out ▁than ▁H . ▁stri at ula . ▁ ▁Hab itat ▁The ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁is ▁foss orial , ▁hiding ▁beneath ▁logs , ▁rocks , ▁or ▁orn amental ▁stones , ▁in ▁leaf ▁l itter , ▁or ▁in ▁comp ost ▁p iles ▁and ▁gard ens . ▁The ▁species ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁for ested ▁habit ats ▁with ▁plenty ▁of ▁ground ▁cover , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁in ▁many ▁urban ▁areas . ▁It ▁can ▁reach ▁very ▁high ▁dens ities ▁in ▁urban ▁gard ens , ▁par ks , ▁and ▁vac ant ▁lots . ▁ ▁Re production ▁H . ▁stri at ula ▁is ▁viv ip ar ous , ▁giving ▁birth ▁to ▁ 3 ▁to ▁ 8 ▁live ▁young ▁in ▁mid - sum mer . ▁New born s ▁are ▁about ▁ 1 0 cm ▁( 4 ▁inches ) ▁in ▁total ▁length . ▁The ▁young ▁somewhat ▁res emble ▁the ▁ring - ne ck ed ▁s nake ▁( Di ad oph is ▁pun ct atus ) ▁with ▁a ▁light - color ed ▁neck ▁col lar , ▁but ▁they ▁are ▁much ▁d rab ber ▁and ▁lack ▁a ▁bright ly - color ed ▁bel ly . ▁ ▁Many ▁sources ▁refer ▁to ▁sn akes ▁that ▁give ▁birth ▁to ▁live ▁young ▁as ▁either ▁ov ov iv ip ar ous ▁or ▁viv |
ip ar ous . ▁In ▁reality , ▁the ▁distinction ▁between ▁these ▁two ▁terms ▁is ▁not ▁very ▁sharp , ▁and ▁the ▁divers ity ▁of ▁re product ive ▁modes ▁is ▁better ▁thought ▁of ▁as ▁a ▁spectrum ▁or ▁continu um ▁between ▁mat rot ro phy ▁( emb ry onic ▁nut ri ents ▁come ▁directly ▁from ▁the ▁mother ) ▁and ▁le c ith ot ro phy ▁( emb ry onic ▁nut ri ents ▁come ▁mostly ▁or ▁completely ▁from ▁egg ▁y olk ). ▁Viv ip ar ity ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁extreme ▁form ▁of ▁mat rot ro phy , ▁whereas ▁ov ip ar ity ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁extreme ▁form ▁of ▁le c ith ot ro phy . ▁ ▁Be havior ▁The ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁is ▁generally ▁not ▁ag gress ive ▁towards ▁humans , ▁is ▁not ▁ven om ous , ▁and ▁is ▁har ml ess ▁if ▁encountered . ▁Although ▁it ▁has ▁teeth , ▁the ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁normally ▁does ▁not ▁b ite . ▁Its ▁response ▁when ▁har ass ed ▁is ▁to ▁remain ▁motion less , ▁or ▁to ▁try ▁to ▁escape . ▁It ▁will ▁def ec ate ▁and ▁ex crete ▁a ▁f oul ▁sm elling ▁mus k ▁as ▁a ▁defense ▁mechanism ▁to ▁make ▁itself ▁less ▁pal atable ▁to ▁would - be ▁pred ators . ▁If ▁necessary , ▁the ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁can ▁be ▁safely ▁picked ▁up ▁by ▁hand ▁and ▁re located . ▁ ▁Diet ▁H . ▁stri at ula ▁e ats ▁in verte br ates . ▁It ▁fe eds ▁almost ▁exclus ively ▁on ▁earth w orm s , |
▁although ▁sl ugs , ▁sn ails , ▁sow ▁bugs , ▁insect ▁eggs ▁and ▁lar va e ▁have ▁also ▁been ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁st om ach . ▁H . ▁stri at ula ▁is ▁not ▁ven om ous ▁and ▁does ▁not ▁con str ict ▁pre y ; ▁rather , ▁it ▁sw all ows ▁pre y ▁without ▁sub du ing ▁it . ▁The ▁pointed ▁sn out ▁of ▁the ▁rough ▁earth ▁s nake ▁helps ▁in ▁bur row ing ▁in ▁mo ist ▁soil ▁where ▁pre y ▁are ▁found . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Check list ▁of ▁Florida ▁Am ph ib ians ▁and ▁Re pt iles : ▁R ough ▁Earth ▁S nake ▁South ▁Carolina ▁Re pt iles ▁and ▁Am ph ib ians : ▁Earth ▁S nake ▁Sn akes ▁of ▁Georgia ▁and ▁South ▁Carolina : ▁R ough ▁Earth ▁S nake ▁Virginia ▁Department ▁of ▁Game ▁& ▁In land ▁Fish eries : ▁R ough ▁Earth ▁S nake ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁Be h ler ▁J L , ▁King ▁F W ▁( 1 9 7 9 ). ▁The ▁Aud ub on ▁Society ▁Field ▁Guide ▁to ▁North ▁American ▁Re pt iles ▁and ▁Am ph ib ians . ▁New ▁York : ▁Alfred ▁A . ▁Kn opf . ▁ 7 4 3 ▁pp . ▁. ▁( V ir gin ia ▁stri at ula , ▁pp . 6 7 8 – 6 7 9 ▁+ ▁Pl ates ▁ 4 7 0 , ▁ 4 7 3 ). ▁Bou len ger ▁G A ▁( 1 8 9 3 ). ▁Catalogue ▁of ▁the ▁Sn akes ▁in ▁the |
▁British ▁Museum ▁( N atural ▁History ). ▁Volume ▁I ., ▁Cont aining ▁the ▁Famil ies ▁... ▁Col ub rid æ ▁Ag lyph æ , ▁part . ▁London : ▁Trust ees ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Museum ▁( N atural ▁History ). ▁( T aylor ▁and ▁Francis , ▁printer s ). ▁x iii ▁+ ▁ 4 4 8 ▁pp . ▁+ ▁Pl ates ▁I - XX V III . ▁( H al de a ▁stri at ula , ▁p . 2 9 1 ). ▁Con ant ▁R ▁( 1 9 7 5 ). ▁A ▁Field ▁Guide ▁to ▁Re pt iles ▁and ▁Am ph ib ians ▁of ▁Eastern ▁and ▁Central ▁North ▁America . ▁Boston : ▁H ought on ▁M if fl in ▁Company . ▁x vi ii ▁+ ▁ 4 2 9 ▁pp . ▁+ ▁Pl ates ▁ 1 - 4 8 . ▁ ▁( hard cover ), ▁ ▁( paper back ). ▁( V ir gin ia ▁stri at ula , ▁p . 1 6 8 ▁+ ▁Pl ate ▁ 2 2 ▁+ ▁Map ▁ 1 2 4 ). ▁Con ant ▁R , ▁Br id ges ▁W ▁( 1 9 3 9 ). ▁What ▁S nake ▁is ▁That ?: ▁A ▁Field ▁Guide ▁to ▁the ▁Sn akes ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁East ▁of ▁the ▁Rock y ▁Mountains . ▁( with ▁ 1 0 8 ▁draw ings ▁by ▁Ed mond ▁Mal n ate ). ▁New ▁York ▁and ▁London : ▁D . ▁App leton - Cent ury ▁Company . ▁Front isp ie ce ▁map ▁+ ▁v iii |
▁+ ▁ 1 6 3 ▁pp . ▁+ ▁Pl ates ▁A - C , ▁ 1 - 3 2 . ▁( H al de a ▁stri at ula , ▁pp . 1 1 3 – 1 1 4 ). ▁Lin na eus ▁C ▁( 1 7 6 6 ). ▁System a ▁natur æ ▁per ▁reg na ▁t ria ▁natur æ , ▁sec und um ▁classes , ▁ord ines , ▁gener a , ▁species , ▁cum ▁character ibus , ▁difer enti is , ▁syn onym is , ▁loc is . ▁Tom us ▁I . ▁Edit io ▁Du ode c ima , ▁Reform ata . ▁Stockholm : ▁L . ▁Sal vi us . ▁ 5 3 2 ▁pp . ▁( Col uber ▁stri at ulus , ▁new ▁species , ▁p . 2 7 5 ). ▁( in ▁Latin ). ▁Schmidt ▁K P , ▁Davis ▁D D ▁( 1 9 4 1 ). ▁Field ▁Book ▁of ▁Sn akes ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Canada . ▁New ▁York : ▁G . P . ▁Put nam ' s ▁S ons . ▁ 3 6 5 ▁pp . ▁( H al de a ▁stri at ula , ▁pp . 2 3 1 – 2 3 2 , ▁Figure ▁ 7 5 ▁+ ▁Pl ate ▁ 2 5 ). ▁Smith ▁H M , ▁Bro die ▁ED ▁Jr ▁( 1 9 8 2 ). ▁Re pt iles ▁of ▁North ▁America : ▁A ▁Guide ▁to ▁Field ▁Ident ification . ▁New ▁York : ▁Golden ▁Press . ▁ 2 4 0 |
▁pp . ▁ ▁( hard cover ), ▁ ▁( paper back ). ▁( V ir gin ia ▁stri at ula , ▁pp . 1 5 2 – 1 5 3 ). ▁Ste j neg er ▁L , ▁Bar bour ▁T ▁( 1 9 1 7 ). ▁A ▁Check ▁List ▁of ▁North ▁American ▁Am ph ib ians ▁and ▁Re pt iles . ▁Cambridge , ▁Massachusetts : ▁Harvard ▁University ▁Press . ▁ 1 2 5 ▁pp . ▁( P ot am oph is ▁stri at ulus , ▁p . 9 9 ). ▁Wright ▁A H , ▁Wright ▁AA ▁( 1 9 5 7 ). ▁Hand book ▁of ▁Sn akes ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Canada . ▁I th aca ▁and ▁London : ▁Com stock ▁Publishing ▁Associ ates , ▁A ▁Division ▁of ▁Corn ell ▁University ▁Press . ▁ 1 , 1 0 5 ▁pp . ▁( in ▁two ▁volumes ). ▁( H al de a ▁stri at ula , ▁pp . 2 8 7 – 2 9 0 , ▁Figure ▁ 8 8 , ▁Map ▁ 2 7 ). ▁ ▁Category : Col ub rid s ▁Category : Ext ant ▁Ple ist oc ene ▁first ▁appearances ▁Category : Re pt iles ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 7 6 6 ▁Category : Re pt iles ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Fa una ▁of ▁the ▁S out he astern ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁A cler is ▁th om asi ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁moth ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁T ort ric idae . ▁It ▁is ▁found |
▁in ▁India ▁( S ik kim ). ▁ ▁The ▁wings pan ▁is ▁ 2 1 – 2 3 mm . ▁The ▁ground ▁colour ▁of ▁the ▁for ew ings ▁is ▁green ish ▁and ▁brown ish ▁dist ally . ▁There ▁is ▁an ▁diff use ▁och re ous - yellow ▁fas cia ▁between ▁the ▁disc ▁and ▁the ▁torn us , ▁suff used ▁with ▁brown ▁dist ally ▁and ▁torn ally . ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁diff use ▁brown ish ▁rust ▁sh ades . ▁The ▁dis cal ▁and ▁ap ical ▁areas ▁are ▁grey ish , ▁marked ▁with ▁ref ract ive ▁sil very ▁scales . ▁The ▁h ind w ings ▁are ▁brown ish - cre am , ▁but ▁brown ish ▁in ▁the ▁a pe x ▁area . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M oth s ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁th om asi ▁Category : M oth s ▁of ▁India <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁constit utes ▁three ▁discrete ▁republic an ▁periods ▁in ▁the ▁modern ▁history ▁of ▁Greece : ▁from ▁ 1 8 2 2 ▁until ▁ 1 8 3 2 ; ▁from ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁until ▁ 1 9 3 5 ; ▁and ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁through ▁to ▁the ▁present . ▁See ▁also ▁the ▁constitution al ▁history ▁of ▁Greece . ▁ ▁First ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁( 1 8 2 2 – 1 8 3 2 ) ▁ ▁The ▁First ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁histor i ographic ▁term ▁used ▁for ▁a ▁series ▁of |
▁coun c ils ▁and ▁" Pro vis ional ▁Govern ments " ▁during ▁the ▁Greek ▁War ▁of ▁Independ ence . ▁In ▁the ▁first ▁stages ▁of ▁the ▁u pr ising , ▁various ▁areas ▁elected ▁their ▁own ▁regional ▁gover ning ▁coun c ils . ▁These ▁were ▁replaced ▁by ▁central ▁administration ▁at ▁the ▁First ▁National ▁Assembly ▁of ▁Ep ida urus ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 8 2 2 , ▁which ▁also ▁adopted ▁the ▁first ▁Greek ▁Constitution . ▁A ▁series ▁of ▁National ▁Ass emb lies ▁followed , ▁while ▁Greece ▁was ▁threatened ▁with ▁collapse ▁due ▁to ▁civil ▁war ▁and ▁the ▁vict ories ▁of ▁I bra him ▁P asha . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 2 7 , ▁the ▁Third ▁National ▁Assembly ▁at ▁Tro e zen ▁selected ▁Count ▁Io ann is ▁Kap od ist rias , ▁who ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁in ▁Russia ' s ▁diplom atic ▁service , ▁as ▁Governor ▁of ▁Greece ▁for ▁a ▁term ▁ ▁of ▁seven ▁years . ▁He ▁arrived ▁in ▁Greece ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 8 2 8 ▁and ▁established ▁the ▁H ellen ic ▁State , ▁r uling ▁with ▁quasi - dict atorial ▁powers . ▁He ▁was ▁assass in ated ▁by ▁political ▁riv als ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 1 ▁and ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁brother , ▁August inos ▁Kap od ist rias ▁until ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 2 ▁the ▁Great ▁Pow ers ▁declared ▁Greece ▁a ▁Kingdom ▁and ▁selected ▁the ▁Bav arian ▁Prince ▁Otto ▁to ▁be ▁its ▁king . ▁ ▁Second ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁( 1 9 2 4 – 1 9 3 5 ) ▁ |
▁The ▁Second ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁() ▁was ▁declared ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 4 , ▁after ▁the ▁defeat ▁of ▁Greece ▁by ▁Turkey ▁in ▁the ▁Asia ▁Minor ▁Dis aster ▁of ▁ 1 9 2 2 , ▁the ▁September ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁Revolution ▁and ▁the ▁subsequent ▁ex ile ▁and ▁death ▁of ▁King ▁Const antine ▁I ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 . ▁The ▁king ▁and ▁his ▁chief ▁oppon ent , ▁Ele f ther ios ▁Ven iz el os , ▁had ▁strugg led ▁over ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁country ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 5 ▁to ▁his ▁death ▁and ▁the ▁country ▁was ▁sor ely ▁divided ▁( see ▁National ▁Sch ism ). ▁King ▁Const antine ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁son , ▁King ▁George ▁II , ▁who ▁in ▁the ▁w ake ▁of ▁a ▁failed ▁royal ist ▁coup ▁was ▁asked ▁by ▁the ▁parliament ▁to ▁leave ▁Greece ▁so ▁the ▁nation ▁could ▁decide ▁what ▁form ▁of ▁government ▁it ▁should ▁adopt . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 4 , ▁the ▁Republic ▁was ▁proc laimed ▁and ▁confirmed ▁by ▁ple bis cite . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁was ▁Pav los ▁K ount ouri ot is , ▁an ▁Admir al ▁and ▁supp orter ▁of ▁Ven iz el os ▁who ▁res igned ▁after ▁a ▁coup ▁d ' état ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 5 . ▁He ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁the ▁coup ' s ▁leader ▁General ▁The odor os ▁P ang al os , ▁who ▁was ▁like wise ▁de posed ▁by ▁the ▁military ▁ 5 |
▁months ▁later ▁after ▁em bro iling ▁Greece ▁in ▁the ▁War ▁of ▁the ▁St ray ▁Dog . ▁K ount ouri ot is ▁was ▁re inst ated ▁and ▁re elect ed ▁to ▁the ▁office ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 9 , ▁but ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁res ign ▁for ▁health ▁reasons ▁later ▁that ▁year . ▁He ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁Alexand ros ▁Za im is , ▁who ▁served ▁until ▁the ▁rest oration ▁of ▁mon archy ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 . ▁▁ ▁Despite ▁a ▁period ▁of ▁stability ▁and ▁relative ▁prosper ity ▁under ▁the ▁last ▁government ▁of ▁Ele f ther ios ▁Ven iz el os ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 – 1 9 3 2 , ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁De pression ▁were ▁sever ely ▁felt , ▁and ▁political ▁inst ability ▁returned . ▁Although ▁the ▁opposition ▁People ' s ▁Party , ▁which ▁represented ▁the ▁royal ist ▁and ▁anti - V en iz el os ▁fa ctions ▁of ▁the ▁elect or ate , ▁had ▁p led ged ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁Republic , ▁its ▁im min ent ▁rise ▁to ▁power ▁after ▁the ▁March ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁elections ▁caused ▁fear s ▁of ▁a ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁mon archy . ▁A ▁Ven iz el ist ▁coup ▁was ▁launched ▁but ▁quickly ▁suppress ed . ▁▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁out break ▁of ▁another ▁Ven iz el ist - in sp ired ▁coup ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 3 5 , ▁which ▁was ▁suppress ed ▁by ▁General ▁Georg ios ▁K ond yl is ▁the ▁army ▁was ▁p urg ed ▁of ▁Ven |
iz el ist ▁and ▁republic an ▁officers , ▁and ▁the ▁return ▁of ▁the ▁mon archy ▁became ▁in ev itable . ▁On ▁ 1 0 ▁October ▁ 1 9 3 5 , ▁the ▁chief s ▁of ▁the ▁Ar med ▁Forces ▁over th rew ▁the ▁government ▁of ▁Pan ag is ▁Ts ald aris , ▁and ▁K ond yl is ▁declared ▁himself ▁Reg ent . ▁He ▁abol ished ▁the ▁Republic ▁and ▁st aged ▁a ▁ple bis cite ▁on ▁ 1 1 ▁November ▁which ▁resulted ▁in ▁return ▁of ▁King ▁George ▁II ▁to ▁the ▁country . ▁ ▁Third ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁( 1 9 7 4 -) ▁ ▁The ▁current ▁Third ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁() ▁was ▁declared ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁during ▁the ▁Met ap ol ite f si ▁( G reek , ▁" reg ime ▁change "), ▁after ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁Reg ime ▁of ▁the ▁Col on els ▁which ▁had ▁controlled ▁Greece ▁since ▁the ▁coup ▁d ' état ▁of ▁ 2 1 ▁April ▁ 1 9 6 7 . ▁▁ ▁The ▁Jun ta ▁had ▁already ▁held ▁a ▁st aged ▁refer endum ▁to ▁abol ish ▁the ▁mon archy ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁July ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁and ▁passed ▁a ▁new ▁Constitution ▁which ▁established ▁a ▁president ial ▁republic ▁( with ▁jun ta ▁leader ▁Georg ios ▁Pap ad op oul os ▁as ▁President ). ▁This ▁short - l ived ▁attempt ▁at ▁controlled ▁dem ocrat ization ▁was ▁ended ▁by ▁the ▁hard lin ers ▁under ▁Brig ad ier ▁Dim it rios ▁Io ann ides |
, ▁who ▁over th rew ▁Pap ad op oul os ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁in ▁the ▁after math ▁of ▁the ▁Ath ens ▁Poly techn ic ▁u pr ising . ▁The ▁Republic ▁was ▁maintained , ▁but ▁was ▁nothing ▁more ▁than ▁a ▁fa ç ade ▁for ▁the ▁military ▁regime ▁until ▁August ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁when ▁the ▁Turkish ▁invasion ▁of ▁Cy pr us ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁collapse ▁of ▁the ▁Jun ta . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁the ▁regime ▁and ▁the ▁return ▁to ▁civil ian ▁rule ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁however , ▁the ▁legal ▁and ▁constitution al ▁acts ▁of ▁the ▁Jun ta ▁were ▁de emed ▁invalid , ▁and ▁a ▁new ▁refer endum ▁was ▁held ▁on ▁ 8 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁which ▁finally ▁abol ished ▁the ▁mon archy . ▁A ▁new ▁Constitution , ▁prom ul g ated ▁on ▁ 1 1 ▁June ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁declared ▁Greece ▁a ▁president ial ▁parliament ary ▁dem ocracy ▁( or ▁republic ▁– ▁the ▁Greek ▁ δ η μ ο κ ρ α τ ί α ▁can ▁be ▁translated ▁both ▁ways ). ▁This ▁constitution , ▁re vised ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁is ▁still ▁in ▁force ▁today . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁H ellen ic ▁Parliament ▁– ▁Constitution al ▁History ▁of ▁Greece ▁ ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁H ellen ic ▁Republic ▁* |
<0x0A> </s> ▁Ar dan j ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Yam ▁R ural ▁District , ▁M esh kan ▁District , ▁Kh os hab ▁County , ▁Raz avi ▁K hor as an ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 2 7 9 , ▁in ▁ 5 9 ▁families . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Kh os hab ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Martín ▁García ▁and ▁Mar iano ▁H ood ▁were ▁the ▁def ending ▁champions , ▁but ▁H ood ▁could ▁not ▁comp ete ▁due ▁to ▁his ▁ 1 - year ▁ban ▁due ▁to ▁do ping . ▁H ood ▁decided ▁to ▁ret ire ▁from ▁professional ▁tennis ▁instead . ▁ ▁García ▁te amed ▁up ▁with ▁Luis ▁Hor na ▁and ▁successfully ▁def ended ▁his ▁title ▁by ▁defe ating ▁Mar ius z ▁F yr sten berg ▁and ▁Marc in ▁Mat kow ski ▁ 7 – 6 ( 7 – 1 ), ▁ 7 – 6 ( 7 – 2 ) ▁in ▁the ▁final . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁title ▁for ▁García ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁title ▁for ▁Hor na ▁in ▁their ▁respective ▁doubles ▁care ers . ▁ ▁Se eds ▁ ▁Draw ▁ ▁Draw ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Main ▁Draw ▁ ▁Category : C ampion ati ▁Intern az ionali ▁di ▁Sic ilia ▁Category : 2 0 0 6 ▁ATP ▁Tour <0x0A> </s> ▁Robert ▁Dav ol ▁Bud long ▁( 1 9 0 2 – 1 9 5 5 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁industrial ▁designer ▁from ▁Den ver |
, ▁Colorado . ▁ ▁He ▁studied ▁art ▁at ▁C umm ings ▁School ▁of ▁Art ▁in ▁Des ▁Mo ines , ▁Iowa ▁and ▁graduated ▁from ▁Gr inn ell ▁College , ▁Iowa ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 1 . ▁This ▁was ▁followed ▁by ▁further ▁study ▁at ▁the ▁Chicago ▁Academy ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts . ▁ ▁He ▁started ▁his ▁design ▁career ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 3 , ▁with ▁the ▁Hamm ond ▁C lock ▁Company ▁and , ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 4 - 1 9 3 5 , ▁became ▁a ▁design ▁consult ant ▁with ▁Z en ith ▁Radio . ▁This ▁invol vement ▁with ▁Z en ith ▁was ▁to ▁last ▁until ▁his ▁death . ▁ ▁He ▁designed ▁many ▁of ▁Z en ith ' s ▁pre - war ▁port able ▁rad ios , ▁and ▁virt ually ▁their ▁entire ▁" Trans - O cean ic " ▁line . ▁His ▁other ▁radio ▁designs ▁included ▁a ▁" univers al ▁port able " ▁AC / DC ▁radio ▁with ▁batter ies ▁( 1 9 4 0 ), ▁the ▁" P ok et " ▁radio ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 , ▁and ▁the ▁" Trans o cean ic ▁C li pper " ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁Although ▁Z en ith ▁wanted ▁him ▁to ▁work ▁full - time ▁as ▁an ▁employee , ▁and ▁head ▁an ▁in - house ▁industrial ▁design ▁group , ▁Bud long ▁wished ▁to ▁remain ▁independent ▁to ▁retain ▁other ▁clients . ▁However , ▁he ▁did ▁re loc ate ▁his ▁offices ▁to ▁the ▁Z en ith ▁building ▁on ▁ 3 3 |
3 ▁Michigan ▁Avenue , ▁Chicago , ▁that ▁hous ed ▁Z en ith ' s ▁corpor ate ▁show rooms . ▁ ▁His ▁other ▁major ▁clients ▁included ▁Sun be am , ▁S ears - Ro eb uck , ▁and ▁Victor ▁C ash ▁Register . ▁For ▁Sun be am , ▁he ▁designed ▁the ▁T - 2 0 ▁To aster ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁- ▁a ▁newer ▁type ▁of ▁app liance ▁that ▁lower ed ▁bread ▁automatically , ▁and ▁raised ▁itself ▁sil ently ▁when ▁done ▁- ▁and ▁worked ▁with ▁Sun be am ▁staff ▁designer ▁I var ▁Je pson ▁on ▁the ▁" Sh av em aster " ▁( 1 9 5 0 ) ▁electric ▁sh aver . ▁This ▁model ▁had ▁a ▁smooth , ▁rounded ▁head ▁and ▁an ▁erg onom ic ▁shape ▁to ▁be ▁held ▁in ▁the ▁pal m ▁of ▁the ▁hand , ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁previous ▁el ong ated ▁shape ▁held ▁like ▁a ▁ham mer . ▁ ▁Bud long ' s ▁business ▁was ▁taken ▁over ▁after ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁by ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁associ ates , ▁Ken ▁Sch ory ▁Sr . ▁and ▁renamed ▁Ken ▁Sch ory ▁Associ ates . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ID SA ▁Bio ▁of ▁Bud long ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 0 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 5 ▁death s ▁Category : American ▁industrial ▁engine ers ▁Category : American ▁industrial ▁design ers ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁engine ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Halle lu j ah ▁Hills ▁is ▁a ▁rural ▁local ity ▁in ▁the ▁Mid |
▁North ▁region ▁of ▁South ▁Australia , ▁situated ▁in ▁the ▁Regional ▁Council ▁of ▁Go y der . ▁▁ ▁The ▁area ▁was ▁originally ▁the ▁territory ▁of ▁the ▁Ng adj uri ▁people . ▁It ▁includes ▁the ▁ 4 1 3 ▁ha ▁former ▁Halle lu j ah ▁Hills ▁past oral ▁property , ▁now ▁held ▁for ▁conservation ▁purposes ▁by ▁World s ▁End ▁Conserv ation ▁P ty ▁Ltd . ▁World s ▁End ▁describes ▁the ▁site ▁as ▁" the ▁last ▁range ▁of ▁hills ▁and ▁rid ges ▁between ▁the ▁mid - n orth ▁and ▁the ▁m alle e ▁pla ins ", ▁and ▁home ▁to ▁rare ▁and ▁threatened ▁fl ora ▁and ▁fa una . ▁It ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁a ▁large ▁population ▁of ▁the ▁end anger ed ▁Sp iller ' s ▁w attle ▁( Ac acia ▁sp iller iana ). ▁ ▁The ▁formal ▁gaz ett ed ▁local ity ▁of ▁Halle lu j ah ▁Hills ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁World s ▁End ▁Highway ▁marks ▁the ▁eastern ▁boundary ▁of ▁the ▁local ity . ▁Halle lu j ah ▁Hills ▁Road ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁road ▁through ▁Halle lu j ah ▁Hills ▁itself . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : T own s ▁in ▁South ▁Australia ▁Category : M id ▁North ▁( S outh ▁Australia ) <0x0A> </s> ▁T ild es ley ▁is ▁a ▁surname , ▁and ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Domin ic ▁T ild es ley ▁( born ▁ 1 9 5 2 ), ▁a ▁British ▁chem ist ▁Don ovan ▁T ild es ley ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 4 |
), ▁a ▁blind ▁Canadian ▁sw immer ▁Jim ▁T ild es ley ▁( 1 8 8 1 – 1 9 6 3 ), ▁English ▁footballer ▁Mark ▁T ild es ley ▁( production ▁designer ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 3 ), ▁British ▁designer ▁and ▁director ▁Mi ri am ▁T ild es ley ▁( 1 8 8 3 – 1 9 7 9 ), ▁English ▁anth rop ologist ▁Mur der ▁of ▁Mark ▁T ild es ley ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁un sol ved ▁murder ▁case ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Ty ld es ley , ▁a ▁town ▁in ▁Gre ater ▁Manchester ▁Ty ld es ley ▁( disambiguation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge ▁Police ▁Department ▁( BR PD ) ▁is ▁the ▁primary ▁law ▁enfor cement ▁ag ency ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge , ▁Louisiana . ▁The ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police , ▁as ▁of ▁March ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁was ▁Mur phy ▁Paul . ▁ ▁The ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge ▁Police ▁Department ▁has ▁been ▁acc red ited ▁by ▁the ▁Commission ▁on ▁Acc red itation ▁for ▁Law ▁En for cement ▁A gen cies ▁( CA LE A ) ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁History ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge ▁was ▁incorpor ated ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 7 ▁and ▁the ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge ▁Police ▁Department ▁was ▁formally ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 5 , ▁just ▁after ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁Civil ▁War , ▁with ▁the ▁appointment ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police . ▁ |
▁Currently ▁the ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge ▁Police ▁Department ▁receives ▁about ▁ 2 1 5 , 0 0 0 ▁service ▁calls . ▁In ▁an ▁average ▁year , ▁city ▁police ▁officers : ▁ ▁Res pond ▁to ▁and ▁write ▁reports ▁on ▁ 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 ▁non - tra ffic ▁calls ▁Res pond ▁to ▁ 3 0 , 0 0 0 ▁false ▁al ar ms ▁Investig ate ▁ 2 1 , 0 0 0 ▁serious ▁cr imes ▁Investig ate ▁ 1 7 , 0 0 0 ▁traffic ▁crashes ▁Make ▁ 8 , 0 0 0 ▁arr ests ▁Sub mit ▁ 2 2 , 0 0 0 ▁pieces ▁of ▁evidence ▁or ▁property ▁Se ize ▁ 9 0 0 ▁fire ar ms ▁Pres ent ▁ 2 0 0 ▁crime ▁prevent ion ▁and ▁education ▁sem in ars ▁( to ▁about ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁people ) ▁Dest roy ▁ 2 , 5 0 0 ▁pounds ▁of ▁seized ▁illegal ▁n arc ot ics ▁License ▁ 1 2 , 0 0 0 ▁b icy cles ▁Drive ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁due ▁to ▁elev ated ▁population ▁levels ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁H urr ican es ▁K atr ina ▁and ▁R ita , ▁many ▁of ▁these ▁numbers ▁were ▁significantly ▁higher . ▁ ▁B ure aus ▁and ▁command ▁staff ▁The ▁BR PD ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁four ▁b ure aus : ▁ ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁Bureau ▁- ▁Captain ▁Kevin ▁New man ▁C riminal ▁Investig ations ▁Bureau ▁- ▁Michael ▁Mann ing ▁Administration ▁Bureau ▁- ▁Deput |
y ▁chief ▁Herbert ▁An ny ▁ ▁Oper ational ▁Services ▁Bureau ▁- ▁Major ▁Er nie ▁Bre wer ▁ ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁Bureau ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁is ▁the ▁largest ▁b ureau ▁of ▁the ▁department , ▁and ▁is ▁the ▁primary ▁point ▁of ▁contact ▁for ▁services ▁to ▁the ▁public . ▁The ▁Bureau ▁oper ates ▁four ▁prec inct ▁stations ▁and ▁satellite ▁offices ▁throughout ▁the ▁city . ▁Offic ers ▁assigned ▁to ▁this ▁b ureau ▁perform ▁prevent ive ▁pat rol s ▁and ▁respond ▁to ▁public ▁requests ▁for ▁assistance ▁ 2 4 ▁hours ▁a ▁day , ▁ 7 ▁days ▁a ▁week . ▁The ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁Bureau ▁consist ▁of ▁the ▁following ▁divisions : ▁ ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁Division ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁pat rolling ▁all ▁areas ▁of ▁the ▁city , ▁respond ing ▁to ▁calls ▁from ▁citizens , ▁conduct ing ▁pre lim inary ▁investig ations ▁of ▁all ▁cr imes , ▁and ▁enfor cing ▁both ▁criminal ▁and ▁traffic ▁laws . ▁The ▁Un iform ▁Pat rol ▁Division ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁four ▁( 4 ) ▁ge ographical ▁pat rol ▁sections ▁or ▁districts . ▁ ▁First ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁The ▁First ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ 4 5 4 5 ▁Pl ank ▁Road ▁and ▁serves ▁what ▁is ▁tradition ally ▁known ▁as ▁North ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge . ▁ ▁The ▁area ▁pat rolled ▁is ▁roughly ▁border ed ▁on ▁the ▁north ▁and ▁east ▁by ▁Ev ang eline ▁and ▁Air line ▁Highway , ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁by ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁and ▁Sc en ic ▁Highway ▁and ▁on |
▁the ▁south ▁by ▁Florida ▁Bou lev ard . ▁ ▁Second ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁The ▁Second ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ 2 2 6 5 ▁High land ▁Road ▁and ▁serves ▁what ▁is ▁tradition ally ▁known ▁as ▁South ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge . ▁ ▁The ▁area ▁pat rolled ▁is ▁roughly ▁border ed ▁on ▁the ▁north ▁by ▁Florida ▁Bou lev ard , ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁by ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River , ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁by ▁Bay ou ▁F ount ain , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁by ▁Blue bon net ▁Highway , ▁Ess en ▁Lane , ▁Jefferson ▁Highway , ▁and ▁Lob d ell ▁Avenue . ▁ ▁Third ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁The ▁Third ▁District ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ 9 0 0 0 ▁Air line ▁Highway , ▁and ▁serves ▁the ▁eastern ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁ ▁The ▁area ▁pat rolled ▁is ▁roughly ▁border ed ▁on ▁the ▁north ▁by ▁Green well ▁Spr ings ▁Road ▁and ▁the ▁South ▁Cho ct aw ▁Drive ▁Ext ension ▁( ra il road ▁tracks ), ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁by ▁Air line ▁Highway ▁and ▁Lob d ell ▁Avenue , ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁by ▁North ▁Ste v end ale ▁Road , ▁L ively ▁Bay ou , ▁O ' Ne al ▁Lane , ▁Jones ▁Creek ▁Road , ▁and ▁St um berg ▁Lane , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁by ▁Air line ▁Highway ▁and ▁Jefferson ▁Highway . ▁ ▁Four th ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁The ▁Four th ▁District ▁P rec inct ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ 8 2 2 7 ▁Sc en ic ▁Highway ▁and ▁serves ▁the |
▁extreme ▁northern ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁city , ▁including ▁the ▁area ▁tradition ally ▁known ▁as ▁Scotland ville . ▁ ▁The ▁area ▁pat rolled ▁is ▁roughly ▁border ed ▁on ▁the ▁north ▁by ▁Bl ount ▁Road ▁and ▁Thomas ▁Road , ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁by ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River , ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁by ▁Button wood ▁Drive , ▁McC le ll and ▁Drive , ▁and ▁Pl ank ▁Road , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁by ▁Ev ang eline ▁and ▁Air line ▁Highway . ▁ ▁Tra ffic ▁Division ▁The ▁Tra ffic ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁par king ▁control , ▁rad ar ▁speed ▁enfor cement , ▁motor cycle ▁esc ort ▁duty , ▁and ▁assist ing ▁the ▁uniform ▁pat rol ▁division ▁in ▁select ive ▁traffic ▁enfor cement ▁and ▁accident ▁investigation , ▁as ▁required , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁special ▁assign ments ▁at ▁the ▁dis cret ion ▁of ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police . ▁The ▁traffic ▁division ▁car ries ▁out ▁its ▁mission ▁with ▁the ▁following ▁sections : ▁ ▁Motor cycle ▁Section ▁The ▁Motor cycle ▁Section ▁concentr ates ▁on ▁traffic ▁enfor cement ▁and ▁accident ▁investigation , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁esc ort s ▁and ▁other ▁special ized ▁assign ments ▁at ▁the ▁dis cret ion ▁of ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police . ▁ ▁Rad ar ▁Units ▁Rad ar ▁Units ▁are ▁responsible ▁for ▁enfor cement ▁of ▁speed ing ▁laws , ▁serve ▁as ▁accident ▁investig ators ▁during ▁inc lement ▁weather ▁and ▁are ▁period ically ▁assigned ▁to ▁special ▁events . ▁ ▁D WI ▁Task ▁Force ▁The ▁D WI ▁Task ▁Force ▁pat rol s ▁after ▁dark , ▁enfor cing ▁laws ▁rel ating ▁to |
▁imp a ired ▁drivers ▁under ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁either ▁alco hol ▁or ▁dru gs . ▁ ▁B icy cle ▁Pat rol s ▁B icy cle ▁Pat rol s ▁are ▁util ized ▁for ▁concentr ated , ▁more ▁personal ized ▁protection ▁of ▁contained ▁areas , ▁such ▁as ▁m alls , ▁sho pping ▁cent ers , ▁or ▁areas ▁of ▁high - dens ity ▁ped est rian ▁traffic . ▁B icy cle ▁Pat rol ▁officers ▁are ▁also ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁Dow nt own ▁Development ▁District ▁to ▁en force ▁par king ▁ordin ances , ▁contact ▁business ▁own ers ▁and ▁residents ▁to ▁check ▁for ▁problems ▁and ▁dev ise ▁solutions ▁to ▁those ▁problems . ▁ ▁Tra ffic ▁Hom ic ide ▁Unit ▁The ▁Tra ffic ▁Hom ic ide ▁Unit ▁investig ates ▁all ▁traffic ▁crashes ▁involving ▁death ▁or ▁life - th re aten ing ▁inj uries ▁and ▁fleet ▁crashes ▁as ▁directed ▁by ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police . ▁ ▁School ▁Cross ing ▁Gu ards ▁School ▁Cross ing ▁Gu ards ▁are ▁civ ili ans ▁used ▁to ▁supp lement ▁police ▁protection ▁of ▁children ▁walking ▁to ▁and ▁from ▁schools ▁during ▁the ▁regular ▁school ▁year . ▁ ▁Reserve ▁Offic ers ▁Reserve ▁Offic ers ▁are ▁civ ili ans ▁who ▁under go ▁necessary ▁training ▁to ▁become ▁police ▁officers ▁and ▁who ▁don ate ▁their ▁time ▁as ▁police ▁officers ▁to ▁supp lement ▁existing ▁man power , ▁especially ▁during ▁special ▁events . ▁ ▁Hit ▁and ▁Run ▁Division ▁The ▁Hit ▁and ▁Run ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁follow - up ▁investigation ▁of ▁hit ▁and ▁run ▁and ▁incomplete ▁acc idents ▁as ▁reported ▁by ▁field |
▁officers . ▁ ▁Support ▁Services ▁Units ▁The ▁Support ▁Services ▁Units ▁perform ▁functions ▁that ▁supp lement ▁the ▁uniform ▁pat rol ▁division . ▁ ▁H ous ing ▁Author ity ▁Unit ▁The ▁H ous ing ▁Author ity ▁Unit ▁coordinates ▁all ▁security ▁at ▁public ▁housing ▁complex es , ▁working ▁closely ▁with ▁management ▁and ▁residents ▁to ▁en force ▁laws , ▁resolve ▁problems ▁and ▁provide ▁a ▁safe ▁environment . ▁ ▁Building ▁Security ▁Building ▁Security ▁coordinates ▁protection ▁for ▁the ▁East ▁Bat on ▁Rou ge ▁Par ish ▁Government al ▁Building ▁and ▁its ▁employees . ▁ ▁Mis de mean or ▁Investig ation ▁Office ▁The ▁Mis de mean or ▁Investig ation ▁Office ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁conduct ing ▁follow - up ▁investig ations ▁of ▁mis de mean or ▁cr imes . ▁ ▁K - 9 ▁Unit ▁The ▁K - 9 ▁Unit ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁building ▁searches , ▁crowd ▁control , ▁tracking ▁fle eing ▁suspect s , ▁or ▁searches ▁for ▁missing ▁persons , ▁or ▁any ▁other ▁miss ions ▁which ▁could ▁more ▁effectively ▁or ▁more ▁safely ▁be ▁carried ▁out ▁by ▁trained ▁Police ▁dogs ▁than ▁by ▁police ▁officers . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁the ▁American ▁Kenn el ▁Club ▁awarded ▁the ▁K - 9 ▁Division ▁with ▁its ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Law ▁En for cement ▁Award ▁for ▁Can ine ▁Ex cell ence ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁units ▁work ▁in ▁the ▁year ▁following ▁H urr icane ▁K atr ina . ▁ ▁Crime ▁Analysis ▁Section ▁The ▁Crime ▁Analysis ▁Section ▁collect s ▁data ▁generated ▁by ▁uniform ▁officers ▁and ▁reports ▁to ▁the ▁b ureau ▁commander ▁with ▁respect ▁to |
▁man power ▁allocation ▁and ▁directed ▁pat rol ▁initi atives . ▁ ▁C riminal ▁Investig ations ▁Bureau ▁C riminal ▁Investig ations ▁offers ▁some ▁limited ▁first - line ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁public , ▁but ▁is ▁primarily ▁responsible ▁for ▁follow - up ▁investig ations ▁of ▁major ▁cr imes . ▁Div isions ▁within ▁the ▁C riminal ▁Investig ations ▁Bureau ▁include : ▁ ▁Cr imes ▁Again st ▁Pers ons ▁Cr imes ▁Again st ▁Pers ons ▁include ▁the ▁following ▁divisions : ▁ ▁Hom ic ide ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁investig ating ▁all ▁criminal ▁calls ▁where ▁a ▁death ▁or ▁life - th re aten ing ▁injury ▁has ▁occurred , ▁any ▁officer ▁involved ▁shooting ▁or ▁the ▁attempted ▁murder ▁of ▁a ▁police ▁officer . ▁ ▁Ar med ▁Rob ber y ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁investig ating ▁all ▁criminal ▁calls ▁involving ▁all ▁degrees ▁of ▁rob ber y . ▁ ▁Ju ven ile ▁and ▁Sex ▁Cr imes ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁maintain ing ▁ju ven ile ▁investigation ▁records , ▁cases ▁of ▁child ▁ab use , ▁and ▁all ▁types ▁of ▁sex ▁cr imes . ▁ ▁Major ▁Ass ault s ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁investig ating ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁non - life - th re aten ing ▁fel ony ▁personal ▁cr imes ▁and ▁missing ▁person ▁cases . ▁ ▁Computer ▁Cr imes ▁Division ▁investig ates ▁cr imes ▁committed ▁against ▁persons ▁or ▁computer ▁systems ▁using ▁the ▁Internet , ▁e - mail ▁or ▁other ▁electronic ▁means . ▁ ▁Property ▁Cr imes ▁Property ▁Cr imes ▁includes ▁the ▁following ▁divisions : ▁ ▁Burg l ary ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁coordin |
ating ▁all ▁follow - up ▁investig ations ▁of ▁burg l aries , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁recovery ▁of ▁st olen ▁property ▁from ▁local ▁pa wn ▁sh ops . ▁ ▁Auto ▁The ft / Imp ound ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁conduct ing ▁follow - up ▁investig ations ▁of ▁auto ▁the ft s ▁and ▁una ut hor ized ▁use ▁of ▁mov ables . ▁The ▁unit ▁also ▁coordinates ▁all ▁records ▁and ▁information ▁rel ating ▁to ▁vehicles ▁stored ▁and ▁imp ounded ▁by ▁the ▁Department ▁and ▁monitoring ▁local ▁to wing ▁services ▁to ▁ins ure ▁comp liance ▁with ▁applicable ▁standards ▁and ▁ordin ances . ▁ ▁F org ery ▁Division : ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁investig ating ▁all ▁cr imes ▁involving ▁the ft s ▁by ▁fra ud ul ent ▁use ▁of ▁access ▁cards , ▁and ▁for ger ies ▁of ▁negoti able ▁documents . ▁ ▁Investig ative ▁Support ▁Investig ative ▁Support ▁includes ▁the ▁following ▁divisions : ▁ ▁Ev idence ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁collection , ▁storage , ▁catalog uing , ▁and ▁disposition ▁of ▁all ▁evidence ▁and ▁property ▁seized ▁by , ▁or ▁turned ▁in ▁to , ▁the ▁department . ▁ ▁Crime ▁Sc ene ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁assist ing ▁in ▁investig ations ▁by ▁taking ▁photograph s , ▁sketch ing ▁major ▁crime ▁scenes , ▁collect ing ▁and ▁tag ging ▁evidence , ▁and ▁performing ▁various ▁scientific ▁tests ▁on ▁suspect s ▁and / or ▁evidence ▁as ▁needed . ▁ ▁Crime ▁Sto ppers ▁Office ▁coordinates ▁all ▁fac ets ▁of ▁the ▁Crime ▁Sto ppers ▁program ▁with ▁local ▁news ▁media , ▁business es , ▁and ▁the ▁public . |
▁ ▁Administration ▁Bureau ▁Administration ▁is ▁the ▁Chief ' s ▁staff ▁b ureau , ▁concerned ▁with ▁the ▁overall ▁management ▁of ▁the ▁department ' s ▁operations ▁and ▁internal ▁controls . ▁ ▁Most ▁offices ▁are ▁hous ed ▁dow nt own ▁at ▁Police ▁Head quarters ▁located ▁at ▁ 9 0 0 0 ▁Air line ▁Highway . ▁ ▁Div isions ▁and ▁Pos itions ▁within ▁Administration : ▁ ▁Leg al ▁Ad visor ▁acts ▁as ▁an ▁ad visor ▁to ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police ▁and ▁his ▁staff ▁on ▁department ▁matters , ▁to ▁ensure ▁conform ity ▁with ▁existing ▁laws ▁and ▁court ▁dec isions . ▁ ▁Office ▁of ▁Media ▁Rel ations ▁acts ▁as ▁a ▁l ia ison ▁between ▁the ▁department ▁and ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁working ▁news ▁media . ▁ ▁Fle et ▁Management ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁all ▁aspects ▁of ▁assigning ▁and ▁maintain ing ▁the ▁fleet ▁of ▁vehicles ▁owned ▁and ▁operated ▁by ▁the ▁department . ▁ ▁In ternal ▁Affairs ▁Division ▁conduct s ▁investig ations ▁and ▁maintain s ▁records ▁on ▁all ▁compla ints ▁of ▁wrong do ing ▁lod ged ▁against ▁members . ▁ ▁Account ing ▁and ▁Person nel ▁Office ▁handles ▁all ▁accounts ▁rece iv able ▁and ▁pay able ▁and ▁prepar es ▁the ▁department ' s ▁annual ▁budget , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁all ▁personnel ▁records ▁and ▁actions . ▁ ▁Oper ational ▁Management ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁providing ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁services ▁to ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police ▁and ▁the ▁department , ▁such ▁as ▁coordin ating ▁all ▁research ; ▁writing , ▁review ing ▁and ▁distrib uting ▁policies ▁and ▁procedures ; ▁se cur ing ▁state ▁and ▁federal ▁grant ▁funds |
; ▁coordin ating ▁travel ▁of ▁officers ▁on ▁department ▁business ; ▁conduct ing ▁research ▁on ▁products ▁and ▁equipment ; ▁ex ch anging ▁information ▁with ▁other ▁police ▁ag encies ▁regarding ▁operations ; ▁invent ory ▁control ▁and ▁supply ; ▁and ▁acc red itation . ▁ ▁Staff ▁In spe ctions ▁Office ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁conduct ing ▁daily ▁ins pe ctions ▁of ▁all ▁divisions ▁of ▁the ▁department . ▁ ▁Health ▁and ▁Saf ety ▁analy zes ▁conditions ▁that ▁may ▁affect ▁an ▁officer ' s ▁performance ▁or ▁result ▁in ▁loss ▁of ▁work ▁time . ▁ ▁Community ▁Resources ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁establish ing ▁l ia ison ▁with ▁formal ▁community ▁organizations ▁and ▁other ▁community ▁groups . ▁ ▁D . A . R . E ▁places ▁police ▁officers ▁in ▁elementary ▁school ▁class rooms ▁to ▁act ▁as ▁anti - d rug ▁ab use ▁instruct ors . ▁ ▁Ext ra ▁D ut y ▁Office ▁coordinates ▁and ▁tracks ▁all ▁off - d ut y ▁employ ment ▁of ▁police ▁officers . ▁ ▁Int elligence ▁Division ▁g athers ▁information ▁on ▁both ▁real ▁and ▁potential ▁thre ats ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁peace ▁and ▁assim il ates ▁and ▁reports ▁such ▁information ▁to ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police . ▁ ▁Ex pl os ives ▁and ▁Haz ard ous ▁Material s ▁UN IT ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁on - scene ▁and ▁follow - up ▁investig ations ▁of ▁ha z ard ous ▁materials ▁sp ills ▁or ▁fires , ▁explos ions , ▁or ▁cr imes ▁involving ▁inc endi ary ▁devices ▁of ▁all ▁types . ▁ ▁Special ▁Response ▁Team , ▁( S RT ) ▁S RT ▁consists ▁of |
▁a ▁full - time ▁unit ▁and ▁part - time ▁unit ▁which ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁officers ▁who ▁are ▁on - call . ▁Their ▁mission ▁is ▁to ▁respond ▁to ▁emer gency ▁operations , ▁such ▁as ▁host age ▁situations , ▁and ▁to ▁provide ▁dign it ary ▁and ▁VI P ▁protection . ▁ ▁M embers ▁of ▁the ▁team ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁World ▁SW AT ▁Challenge ▁and ▁finished ▁ 5 th ▁overall , ▁while ▁also ▁capt uring ▁the ▁“ R ook ie ▁Team ▁Championship ” ▁title . ▁ ▁Oper ational ▁Services ▁Bureau ▁Oper ational ▁Services ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁diverse ▁b ureau ▁of ▁the ▁department , ▁providing ▁numerous ▁and ▁varied ▁support ▁functions , ▁including ▁serving ▁as ▁the ▁repository ▁for ▁all ▁criminal ▁and ▁traffic ▁records . ▁ ▁Div isions ▁within ▁this ▁Bureau : ▁ ▁Al arm ▁En for cement ▁Section ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁lic ens ing , ▁reg ulating , ▁maintain ing ▁statistics , ▁and ▁collect ing ▁fe es ▁from ▁alarm ▁users ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁and ▁parish . ▁ ▁Lic ens ing ▁Section ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁issu ing ▁lic enses ▁and ▁maintain ing ▁records ▁on ▁all ▁persons ▁and ▁business es ▁lic ensed ▁by ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police . ▁ ▁Sub po ena ▁Services ▁and ▁Court ▁L ia ison ▁Section ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁serving ▁sub po enas ▁and ▁other ▁court ▁documents ▁to ▁department ▁personnel , ▁and ▁for ▁maintain ing ▁l ia isons ▁with ▁area ▁courts . ▁ ▁B icy cle ▁Reg istration ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁register ing ▁and ▁lic ens ing ▁all ▁b icy cles |
▁sold ▁and ▁r idden ▁in ▁the ▁city , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁enfor cing ▁applicable ▁b icy cle ▁traffic ▁ordin ances . ▁This ▁division ▁is ▁also ▁responsible ▁for ▁storage ▁and ▁disposition ▁of ▁all ▁abandoned , ▁recovered ▁and ▁seized ▁b icy cles . ▁ ▁Training ▁Services ▁Unit ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁rec ruit ment ▁and ▁training ▁of ▁all ▁pros pective ▁and ▁newly ▁h ired ▁officers , ▁and ▁the ▁in - service ▁training ▁and ▁re - cert ification ▁of ▁existing ▁personnel ▁in ▁all ▁aspects ▁of ▁law ▁enfor cement ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁maintenance ▁of ▁records ▁rel ating ▁to ▁such ▁training . ▁The ▁fire ar ms ▁training ▁section ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁all ▁training ▁of ▁potential , ▁newly ▁h ired , ▁and ▁existing ▁personnel ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁fire ar ms ▁safety ▁and ▁prof ic iency . ▁The ▁rec ruit ing ▁section ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁interview ing ▁pros pective ▁employees , ▁conduct ing ▁all ▁necessary ▁background ▁checks ▁and ▁tests , ▁and ▁providing ▁lists ▁of ▁qualified ▁and ▁recommended ▁candidates ▁for ▁employ ment ▁as ▁officers . ▁ ▁C riminal ▁Records ▁Section ▁maintain s ▁a ▁central ized ▁record ▁system ▁of ▁all ▁criminal ▁off ense ▁reports ▁prepared ▁by ▁officers ▁of ▁the ▁department , ▁arrest ▁reports , ▁finger print ▁cards , ▁and ▁all ▁necessary ▁files ▁and ▁systems ▁for ▁criminal ▁information ▁storage , ▁retr ieval , ▁arch iving , ▁and ▁disposition . ▁ ▁Tra ffic ▁Records ▁Section ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁maintenance ▁of ▁a ▁central ▁traffic ▁records ▁system , ▁providing ▁report ▁production , ▁a ▁public ▁counter ▁service ▁facility , ▁and ▁a ▁system ▁for ▁traffic |
▁information ▁storage , ▁retr ieval ▁and ▁disposition . ▁ ▁Lat ent ▁Print ▁Section ▁oper ates ▁as ▁an ▁identification ▁unit , ▁analyz ing , ▁comparing , ▁catalog uing ▁and ▁class ifying ▁submitted ▁finger print s . ▁ ▁Crime ▁Information ▁Unit ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁operating ▁the ▁National ▁Crime ▁Information ▁Center ▁computer ▁and ▁te let ype ▁system , ▁receiving ▁and ▁distrib uting ▁advis ories ▁from ▁other ▁ag encies , ▁and ▁input ting ▁information ▁origin ating ▁with ▁this ▁department , ▁for ▁dis sem ination ▁to ▁other ▁interested ▁ag encies . ▁ ▁Crime ▁Statistics ▁and ▁Research ▁Unit ▁man ages ▁the ▁F BI ▁uniform ▁crime ▁reports ▁and ▁provides ▁statist ically ▁orient ed ▁data ▁to ▁other ▁divisions ▁and ▁outside ▁ag encies . ▁ ▁Communic ations ▁Division ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁proper ▁routing ▁of ▁all ▁tele phone ▁calls ▁to ▁the ▁department . ▁This ▁division ▁receives ▁and ▁processes ▁all ▁requests ▁for ▁police ▁services . ▁Communic ations ▁personnel ▁also ▁dispatch , ▁via ▁radio , ▁the ▁appropriate ▁police ▁units ▁to ▁investigate ▁and ▁assist ▁as ▁needed . ▁ ▁Techn ological ▁Support ▁Unit ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁operating , ▁maintain ing , ▁and ▁updating ▁all ▁computer ▁systems ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁department . ▁ ▁Rank ▁structure ▁ ▁The ▁Chief ▁of ▁Police ▁is ▁appointed ▁by , ▁and ▁reports ▁to , ▁the ▁Mayor . ▁The ▁Chief ▁is ▁assist ed ▁by ▁a ▁Deput y ▁Chief ; ▁who ▁is ▁a ▁Colonel . ▁This ▁post ▁has ▁replaced ▁Chief ▁of ▁Staff . ▁All ▁other ▁police ▁positions ▁are ▁prom ot ional ▁and ▁based ▁on ▁senior ity , ▁as ▁mand ated ▁by ▁state ▁civil ▁service ▁law . |
▁Yang li u q ing ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁market ▁town ▁in ▁X i q ing ▁District , ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁sub ur bs ▁of ▁T ian jin , ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China . ▁Despite ▁its ▁relatively ▁small ▁size , ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁named ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁in ▁the ▁" f am ous ▁historical ▁and ▁cultural ▁market ▁towns ▁in ▁China ". ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁in ▁China ▁for ▁creating ▁n ian h ua ▁or ▁Yang li u q ing ▁n ian h ua . ▁For ▁more ▁than ▁ 4 0 0 ▁years , ▁Yang li u q ing ▁has ▁in ▁effect ▁special ised ▁in ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁these ▁wood cut s ▁for ▁the ▁New ▁Year . ▁ ▁wood ▁block ▁prints ▁using ▁v ivid ▁colour sch emes ▁to ▁port ray ▁traditional ▁scenes ▁of ▁children ' s ▁games ▁often ▁inter w oven ▁with ▁aus p ici ouse ▁objects . ▁ ▁, ▁it ▁had ▁ 2 7 ▁resident ial ▁communities ▁() ▁and ▁ 2 5 ▁villages ▁under ▁its ▁administration . ▁ ▁Sh i ▁Family ▁Grand ▁Cour ty ard ▁ ▁Sh i ▁Family ▁Grand ▁Cour ty ard ▁( T i ā n j ī n ▁Sh í ▁Ji ā ▁D à ▁Yu àn , ▁ 天 津 石 家 大 院 ) ▁is ▁situated ▁in ▁Yang li u q ing ▁Town ▁of ▁X i q ing ▁District , ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁former ▁residence ▁of ▁wealth y ▁merchant ▁Sh i ▁Yu ans hi ▁- ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁son ▁of ▁Sh i ▁W |
anch eng , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁eight ▁great ▁master s ▁in ▁T ian jin . ▁First ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 5 , ▁it ▁covers ▁over ▁ 6 , 0 0 0 ▁square ▁meters , ▁including ▁large ▁and ▁small ▁yards ▁and ▁over ▁ 2 0 0 ▁folk ▁houses , ▁a ▁the ater ▁and ▁over ▁ 2 7 5 ▁rooms ▁that ▁served ▁as ▁apart ments ▁and ▁places ▁of ▁business ▁and ▁worship ▁for ▁this ▁powerful ▁family . ▁Sh if u ▁Garden , ▁which ▁finished ▁its ▁expansion ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁covers ▁ 1 , 2 0 0 ▁square ▁meters , ▁incorpor ates ▁the ▁eleg ance ▁of ▁imperial ▁garden ▁and ▁del ic acy ▁of ▁south ▁garden . ▁Now ▁the ▁cour ty ard ▁of ▁Sh i ▁family ▁covers ▁about ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁square ▁meters , ▁which ▁is ▁called ▁the ▁first ▁m ansion ▁in ▁North ▁China . ▁Now ▁it ▁serves ▁as ▁the ▁folk ▁custom ▁museum ▁in ▁Yang li u q ing , ▁which ▁has ▁a ▁large ▁collection ▁of ▁folk ▁custom ▁museum ▁in ▁Yan li u q ing , ▁which ▁has ▁a ▁large ▁collection ▁of ▁folk ▁art ▁pieces ▁like ▁Yan li u q ing ▁New ▁Year ▁pictures , ▁brick ▁sculpt ure . ▁ ▁Sh i ' s ▁ancest or ▁came ▁from ▁D ong ' e ▁County ▁in ▁Sh and ong ▁Province , ▁engaged ▁in ▁water ▁transport ▁of ▁gra in . ▁As ▁the ▁wealth ▁gradually ▁accum ulated , ▁the ▁Sh i ▁Family ▁moved ▁to ▁Yang li u q ing ▁and ▁bought |
▁large ▁tract s ▁of ▁land ▁and ▁set ▁up ▁their ▁residence . ▁Sh i ▁Yu ans hi ▁came ▁from ▁the ▁fourth ▁generation ▁of ▁the ▁family , ▁who ▁was ▁a ▁successful ▁business man ▁and ▁a ▁good ▁household ▁manager , ▁and ▁the ▁residence ▁was ▁thus ▁en larg ed ▁for ▁several ▁times ▁until ▁it ▁acquired ▁the ▁present ▁scale . ▁It ▁is ▁believed ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁first ▁m ansion ▁in ▁the ▁west ▁of ▁T ian jin . ▁ ▁The ▁residence ▁is ▁symmetric ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁axis ▁formed ▁by ▁a ▁passage way ▁in ▁the ▁middle , ▁on ▁which ▁there ▁are ▁four ▁arch ways . ▁On ▁the ▁east ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁cour ty ard , ▁there ▁are ▁traditional ▁single - story ▁houses ▁with ▁rows ▁of ▁rooms ▁around ▁the ▁four ▁sides , ▁which ▁was ▁once ▁the ▁living ▁area ▁for ▁the ▁Sh i ▁Family . ▁The ▁rooms ▁on ▁north ▁side ▁were ▁the ▁account ants ' ▁office . ▁On ▁the ▁west ▁are ▁the ▁major ▁constru ctions ▁including ▁the ▁family ▁hall ▁for ▁wor sh ipping ▁Bud d ha , ▁the ater ▁and ▁the ▁south ▁reception ▁room . ▁On ▁both ▁sides ▁of ▁the ▁residence ▁are ▁side ▁yard ▁rooms ▁for ▁ma ids ▁and ▁servants . ▁ ▁Today , ▁the ▁Sh i ▁m ansion , ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁town ship ▁of ▁Yang li u q ing ▁to ▁the ▁west ▁of ▁central ▁T ian jin , ▁stands ▁as ▁a ▁surprising ly ▁well - pres erved ▁monument ▁to ▁China ' s ▁pre - re volution ▁merc ant ile ▁spirit . ▁It ▁also ▁serves ▁as ▁an ▁on - location ▁shoot |
▁for ▁many ▁of ▁China ' s ▁popular ▁historical ▁dram as . ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁rooms ▁feature ▁period ▁furn iture , ▁paint ings ▁and ▁call ig raph y , ▁and ▁the ▁extensive ▁Sh if u ▁Garden . ▁ ▁Part ▁of ▁the ▁complex ▁has ▁been ▁turned ▁into ▁the ▁Yang li u q ing ▁Museum , ▁which ▁includes ▁displays ▁focused ▁on ▁symbol ic ▁aspects ▁of ▁the ▁cour ty ards ' ▁ ▁construction , ▁local ▁folk ▁art ▁and ▁custom s , ▁and ▁traditional ▁period ▁furn ish ings ▁and ▁craft s . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁town ship - level ▁divisions ▁of ▁T ian jin ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁ ▁http :// arts . c ult ural - ch ina . com / en / 6 5 Ar ts 4 7 9 5 . html ▁ ▁Category : T own s ▁in ▁T ian jin <0x0A> </s> ▁O ran a ▁Australia ▁Ltd ▁is ▁a ▁not - for - pro fit ▁organisation ▁that ▁provides ▁a ▁diverse ▁range ▁of ▁training ▁and ▁support ▁services ▁to ▁over ▁ 6 5 0 ▁people ▁with ▁dis abilities ▁and ▁their ▁families ▁in ▁South ▁Australia . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁M ent ally ▁Ret arded ▁Children ’ s ▁Society ▁of ▁SA ▁Inc . ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁by ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁parents ▁who ▁wanted ▁education , ▁employ ment ▁and ▁accommod ation ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁their ▁children ▁within ▁the ▁local ▁community ▁at ▁a ▁time ▁when ▁institution al ised ▁care ▁in ▁Ad ela ide ▁was ▁their ▁only ▁alternative . ▁ ▁The ▁society ’ s ▁a |
ims ▁were ▁to ▁seek ▁education ▁or ▁training ▁facilities ▁for ▁people ▁with ▁intellectual ▁dis abilities , ▁to ▁establish ▁shelter ed ▁work sh ops , ▁and ▁to ▁establish ▁resident ial ▁host els . ▁ ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁shelter ed ▁work sh ops ▁were ▁established , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 , ▁the ▁name ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁the ▁Ab original ▁word ▁" O ran a ", ▁which ▁means ▁" Wel come ". ▁ ▁Today , ▁O ran a ▁provides ▁assist ed ▁employ ment , ▁assist ed ▁accommod ation ▁and ▁resp ite ▁services ▁to ▁people ▁with ▁intellectual ▁dis abilities . ▁ ▁O ran a ' s ▁current ▁and ▁previous ▁clients ▁include ▁M its ub ishi ▁Mot ors , ▁C li ps al , ▁R AA , ▁E ld ers ▁Limited , ▁and ▁Billy cart ▁K ids . ▁ ▁O ran a ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁dis ability ▁service ▁organis ations ▁to ▁achieve ▁Qu ality ▁Acc red itation . ▁ ▁The ▁services ▁and ▁products ▁they ▁offer ▁are : ▁▁ ▁Pack aging ▁ ▁Assembly ▁ ▁S ew ing ▁ ▁Coll ating ▁& ▁Mail ing ▁ ▁F urn iture ▁- ▁Ret ail ▁ ▁F urn iture ▁– ▁Man ufact ure ▁for ▁Com mer cial ▁Market ▁ ▁W orm ▁Farm ing ▁ ▁Work ▁C rew s ▁ ▁Pet ▁& ▁Gra in ▁– ▁Ret ail ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁after ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁better ing ▁people ’ s ▁lives , ▁O ran a ▁identified ▁a ▁community ▁need ▁and ▁expanded ▁their ▁operations ▁into ▁the |
▁aged ▁care ▁sector . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁un ve iling ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Government ’ s ▁Commonwealth ▁Home ▁Support ▁Program me ▁( CH SP ) ▁and ▁seeing ▁it ▁as ▁a ▁natural ▁step ▁of ▁pro gression , ▁O ran a ▁now ▁provides ▁quality ▁tail ored ▁aged ▁care ▁at ▁home . ▁ ▁The ▁well - res our ced ▁organization ▁del ivers ▁help ▁across ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁areas , ▁helping ▁the ▁elder ly ▁remain ▁where ▁they ▁want ▁to ▁be ▁- ▁in ▁the ▁comfort ▁of ▁their ▁own ▁home ▁during ▁their ▁later ▁years . ▁ ▁O ran a ▁continues ▁with ▁its ▁mission ▁to ▁support ▁people ▁remain ▁independent , ▁val ued ▁and ▁product ive ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁community . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Dis ability ▁organis ations ▁based ▁in ▁Australia ▁Category : Organ is ations ▁based ▁in ▁South ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁St . ▁Mary ' s ▁Church ▁is ▁a ▁church ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁Den mark ▁in ▁S ø nder borg , ▁Den mark ▁and ▁the ▁church ▁of ▁the ▁parish ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁name . ▁Thanks ▁to ▁its ▁location ▁on ▁a ▁hill , ▁the ▁church ▁building ▁is ▁very ▁icon ic ▁for ▁the ▁city . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁Middle ▁A ges ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁le per ▁col ony ▁on ▁a ▁hill ▁just ▁outside ▁the ▁city . ▁It ▁was ▁named ▁after ▁Saint ▁George ▁and ▁around ▁ 1 3 0 0 ▁the ▁chap el ▁of ▁this ▁le per ▁col ony ▁stood ▁in ▁the ▁place ▁of ▁the ▁present ▁St . ▁Mary ' s ▁Church . |
▁After ▁the ▁old ▁parish ▁church ▁of ▁the ▁city , ▁the ▁St . ▁Nicholas ▁Church , ▁was ▁demol ished ▁around ▁ 1 5 3 0 , ▁the ▁Saint - Ge orge ▁chap el ▁became ▁the ▁new ▁main ▁church . ▁Tow ards ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century , ▁John ▁II , ▁Duke ▁of ▁Schles wig - Hol stein - S onder burg ▁commission ed ▁the ▁en larg ement ▁of ▁the ▁building ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁make ▁it ▁suitable ▁for ▁the ▁function ▁of ▁the ▁parish ▁church ▁of ▁his ▁city . ▁ ▁The ▁current ▁St . ▁Mary ' s ▁Church ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 5 9 5 ▁a ▁start ▁was ▁made ▁on ▁the ▁partial ▁demol ition ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁church ▁and ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁church . ▁Only ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁medieval ▁church ▁remained . ▁From ▁the ▁medieval ▁church , ▁a ▁medieval ▁wooden ▁wall ▁cup board ▁d ating ▁from ▁about ▁ 1 4 0 0 ▁remained . ▁The ▁solemn ▁inaug uration ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁parish ▁church ▁took ▁place ▁just ▁before ▁Christmas ▁in ▁ 1 6 0 0 . ▁In ▁ 1 6 4 9 ▁the ▁George ▁Church ▁was ▁renamed ▁as ▁the ▁Mary ▁Church . ▁The ▁name ▁of ▁Saint ▁George ▁stayed ▁in ▁the ▁Dan ish ▁names ▁Sank t ▁J ør gens g ade ▁and ▁J ør gens b jer g . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁S ø nder borg ▁Municip ality ▁Category : Ch urch es ▁in ▁Den mark ▁Category : Ch urch ▁of ▁Den mark ▁churches |
<0x0A> </s> ▁Kal it ta ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Con nie ▁Kal it ta ▁( born ▁ 1 9 3 8 ), ▁a ▁retired ▁American ▁drag ▁rac er ▁and ▁CE O ▁of ▁the ▁e pon ym ous ▁K all ita ▁Air . ▁Doug ▁Kal it ta ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 4 ), ▁an ▁American ▁drag ▁rac er , ▁nep hew ▁of ▁Con nie ▁Kal it ta ▁and ▁owner ▁of ▁Kal it ta ▁Char ters . ▁Scott ▁Kal it ta ▁( 1 9 6 2 - 2 0 0 8 ), ▁an ▁American ▁drag ▁rac er ▁and ▁son ▁of ▁Con nie ▁Kal it ta . ▁Kal it ta ▁Air , ▁a ▁cargo ▁air line ▁flying ▁Bo eing ▁ 7 4 7 ▁aircraft . ▁Kal it ta ▁Char ters , ▁a ▁cargo ▁air line ▁flying ▁medium - s ized ▁aircraft . <0x0A> </s> ▁Where ▁Is ▁Fre edom ? ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 5 4 ▁Italian ▁comedy - d rama ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Roberto ▁Ross ell ini . ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁film ▁had ▁a ▁trouble d ▁production ▁because , ▁after ▁shooting ▁some ▁scenes , ▁Ross ell ini ▁lost ▁interest ▁in ▁the ▁film ▁and ▁abandoned ▁the ▁set . ▁The ▁work ▁was ▁completed ▁after ▁about ▁a ▁year , ▁mainly ▁from ▁Mario ▁Mon ic elli , ▁with ▁some ▁scenes ▁also ▁shot ▁by ▁Lu cio ▁Ful ci ▁and ▁Feder ico ▁F ell ini . ▁Despite ▁that , ▁Ross ell ini ▁is ▁the ▁sole ▁cred ited ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁film . ▁ ▁Plot ▁ ▁D iff icult |
ies ▁and ▁troubles ▁of ▁an ▁ex - conv ict . ▁Em bit tered ▁and ▁dis ill usion ed ▁by ▁life , ▁he ▁will ▁soon ▁plan ▁his ▁return ▁to ▁prison . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Tot ò : ▁Salv atore ▁Lo ▁Ja cono ▁ ▁V era ▁Mol nar : ▁Ag nes ina ▁ ▁N ita ▁D over : ▁ ▁mar aton eta ▁di ▁dan za ▁ ▁Fran ca ▁F ald ini : ▁Maria ▁ ▁Leopold o ▁Tri este : ▁Abr amo ▁Pi per no ▁ ▁Antonio ▁Nic ot ra : ▁mar es cial lo ▁ ▁Sal vo ▁Lib ass i : ▁ ▁mar es cial lo ▁# 2 ▁ ▁Gia como ▁R ond in ella : ▁ ▁car cer ato ▁ ▁U go ▁D ' A less io : ▁ ▁gi ud ice ▁Mario ▁Cast ell ani : ▁pubblic o ▁minister o ▁ ▁V inc en zo ▁Tal ar ico : ▁av v oc ato ▁dif ens ore ▁Pietro ▁Carl oni : ▁ ▁Pietro ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 4 ▁films ▁Category : Ital ian ▁comedy - d rama ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 5 0 s ▁comedy - d rama ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Roberto ▁Ross ell ini ▁Category : Comm edia ▁all ' ital iana ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁Rome ▁Category : Ital ian ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁produced ▁by ▁D ino ▁De ▁Laur enti is ▁Category : Fil ms ▁produced ▁by ▁Carlo ▁Pont i <0x0A> </s> ▁Latin ▁lit urg ical |
▁r ites , ▁or ▁Western ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites , ▁are ▁Catholic ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁employed ▁by ▁the ▁Latin ▁Church , ▁the ▁largest ▁particular ▁church ▁su i ▁i ur is ▁of ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church , ▁that ▁origin ated ▁in ▁Europe ▁where ▁the ▁Latin ▁language ▁once ▁domin ated . ▁Its ▁language ▁is ▁now ▁known ▁as ▁E cc les iast ical ▁Latin . ▁The ▁most ▁used ▁r ite ▁is ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite . ▁ ▁The ▁Latin ▁r ites ▁were ▁for ▁many ▁centuries ▁no ▁less ▁numerous ▁than ▁the ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁of ▁the ▁Eastern ▁autonom ous ▁particular ▁Church es . ▁Their ▁number ▁is ▁now ▁much ▁reduced . ▁In ▁the ▁after math ▁of ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Tr ent , ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 8 ▁and ▁ 1 5 7 0 ▁Pope ▁P ius ▁V ▁suppress ed ▁the ▁Bre vi aries ▁and ▁Miss als ▁that ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁shown ▁to ▁have ▁an ▁anti qu ity ▁of ▁at ▁least ▁two ▁centuries ▁( see ▁Tr ident ine ▁Mass ▁and ▁Roman ▁Miss al ). ▁Many ▁local ▁r ites ▁that ▁remained ▁legit imate ▁even ▁after ▁this ▁dec ree ▁were ▁abandoned ▁volunt arily , ▁especially ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century . ▁In ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁religious ▁orders ▁that ▁had ▁a ▁distinct ▁lit urg ical ▁r ite ▁chose ▁to ▁adopt ▁in ▁its ▁place ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁as ▁re vised ▁in ▁accord ance ▁with ▁the ▁decre es ▁of ▁the ▁Second ▁V at ican ▁Council |
▁( see ▁Mass ▁of ▁Paul ▁VI ). ▁A ▁few ▁such ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁persist ▁today ▁for ▁the ▁celebr ation ▁of ▁Mass , ▁since ▁ 1 9 6 5 – 1 9 7 0 ▁in ▁re vised ▁forms , ▁but ▁the ▁distinct ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁for ▁celebr ating ▁the ▁other ▁sacr aments ▁have ▁been ▁almost ▁completely ▁abandoned . ▁ ▁Lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁currently ▁in ▁use ▁within ▁the ▁Latin ▁Church ▁ ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁ ▁The ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁is ▁by ▁far ▁the ▁most ▁widely ▁used . ▁Like ▁other ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites , ▁it ▁developed ▁over ▁time , ▁with ▁newer ▁forms ▁replacing ▁the ▁older . ▁It ▁under w ent ▁many ▁changes ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁mill en ni um ▁and ▁a ▁half ▁of ▁its ▁existence ▁( see ▁Pre - Tr ident ine ▁Mass ). ▁The ▁forms ▁that ▁Pope ▁P ius ▁V , ▁as ▁requested ▁by ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Tr ent , ▁established ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 5 6 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 5 7 0 s ▁under w ent ▁repeated ▁minor ▁variations ▁in ▁the ▁centuries ▁immediately ▁following . ▁Each ▁new ▁typical ▁edition ▁( the ▁edition ▁to ▁which ▁other ▁print ings ▁are ▁to ▁conform ) ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁Miss al ▁( see ▁Tr ident ine ▁Mass ) ▁and ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁lit urg ical ▁books ▁su pers eded ▁the ▁previous ▁one . ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁saw ▁more ▁prof ound ▁changes . ▁Pope ▁P ius ▁X ▁rad ically ▁re arr anged ▁the ▁Ps alter ▁of |
▁the ▁Bre vi ary ▁and ▁alter ed ▁the ▁rub rics ▁of ▁the ▁Mass . ▁Later ▁pop es ▁continued ▁to ▁make ▁such ▁changes , ▁beginning ▁with ▁Pope ▁P ius ▁XII , ▁who ▁significantly ▁re vised ▁the ▁Holy ▁Week ▁cer emon ies ▁and ▁certain ▁other ▁aspects ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁Miss al ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 5 . ▁ ▁Ord inary ▁Form ▁ ▁The ▁Second ▁V at ican ▁Council ▁( 1 9 6 2 – 1 9 6 5 ) ▁was ▁followed ▁by ▁a ▁general ▁revision ▁of ▁the ▁r ites ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁sacr aments , ▁including ▁the ▁E uchar ist . ▁As ▁before , ▁each ▁new ▁typical ▁edition ▁of ▁an ▁official ▁lit urg ical ▁book ▁su pers edes ▁the ▁previous ▁one . ▁Thus , ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁Roman ▁Miss al , ▁which ▁su pers eded ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁edition , ▁was ▁su pers eded ▁by ▁the ▁edition ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁The ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁edition ▁in ▁turn ▁su pers edes ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁edition ▁both ▁in ▁Latin ▁and , ▁as ▁official ▁transl ations ▁into ▁each ▁language ▁appear , ▁also ▁in ▁the ▁vern ac ular ▁languages . ▁Under ▁the ▁terms ▁of ▁Sum mor um ▁Pont ific um ▁by ▁Pope ▁Bened ict ▁XVI , ▁the ▁Mass ▁of ▁Paul ▁VI ▁is ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ord inary ▁Form ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite . ▁ ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁Form ▁ ▁The ▁Tr ident ine ▁Mass , ▁as ▁in ▁the ▁ |
1 9 6 2 ▁Roman ▁Miss al , ▁is ▁still ▁author ized ▁for ▁use ▁as ▁an ▁extraordinary ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁under ▁the ▁conditions ▁indicated ▁in ▁the ▁document ▁Sum mor um ▁Pont ific um . ▁ ▁Ord in ari ate ▁Use ▁ ▁The ▁Ord in ari ate ▁Use ▁is ▁a ▁form ▁or ▁variation ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite , ▁rather ▁than ▁a ▁unique ▁r ite ▁itself . ▁During ▁the ▁Lit ur gy ▁of ▁the ▁E uchar ist , ▁especially ▁the ▁E uchar istic ▁P ray er , ▁it ▁is ▁closest ▁to ▁other ▁forms ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite , ▁while ▁it ▁diff ers ▁more ▁during ▁the ▁Lit ur gy ▁of ▁the ▁Word ▁and ▁the ▁Pen it ential ▁R ite . ▁The ▁language ▁used , ▁which ▁diff ers ▁from ▁that ▁of ▁the ▁I CE L ▁translation ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁of ▁Mass , ▁is ▁based ▁upon ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Common ▁P ray er , ▁originally ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century . ▁Prior ▁to ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁personal ▁ordin ari ates , ▁par ishes ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁were ▁called ▁" Ang lic an ▁Use " ▁and ▁used ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Div ine ▁Wor ship , ▁an ▁adaptation ▁of ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Common ▁P ray er . ▁The ▁Book ▁of ▁Div ine ▁Wor ship ▁has ▁been ▁replaced ▁with ▁the ▁similar ▁Div ine ▁Wor ship : ▁The ▁Miss al ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁the ▁ordin ari ates ▁world wide . ▁Ang lic an ▁lit urg ical ▁rit uals , ▁whether |
▁those ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁ordin ari ates ▁of ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁or ▁in ▁the ▁various ▁prayer ▁books ▁and ▁miss als ▁of ▁the ▁Ang lic an ▁Comm union ▁and ▁other ▁denomin ations ▁trace ▁their ▁origin ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁Sar um ▁Use , ▁which ▁was ▁a ▁variation ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁used ▁in ▁England ▁before ▁introduction ▁during ▁the ▁reign ▁of ▁Edward ▁VI ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 5 4 9 ▁Book ▁of ▁Common ▁P ray er , ▁following ▁the ▁break ▁from ▁the ▁Roman ▁church ▁under ▁the ▁previous ▁monarch ▁Henry ▁VIII . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁under ▁a ▁Past oral ▁Pro vision ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 , ▁personal ▁par ishes ▁were ▁established ▁that ▁introduced ▁adapted ▁Ang lic an ▁trad itions ▁to ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁from ▁members ' ▁former ▁Epis cop al ▁par ishes . ▁That ▁provision ▁also ▁permitted , ▁as ▁an ▁exception ▁and ▁on ▁a ▁case ▁by ▁case ▁basis , ▁the ▁ord ination ▁of ▁married ▁former ▁Epis cop al ▁minister s ▁as ▁Catholic ▁pri ests . ▁As ▁personal ▁par ishes , ▁these ▁par ishes ▁were ▁formerly ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁dioc ese , ▁but ▁accepted ▁as ▁members ▁any ▁former ▁Ang lic an ▁who ▁wished ▁to ▁make ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁provision . ▁ ▁On ▁ 9 ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁Pope ▁Bened ict ▁XVI ▁established ▁a ▁world wide ▁provision ▁for ▁Ang lic ans ▁who ▁joined ▁the ▁church . ▁This ▁process ▁set ▁up ▁personal ▁ordin ari ates ▁for ▁former ▁Ang lic ans ▁and ▁other ▁persons ▁entering ▁the ▁full ▁commun |
ion ▁of ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church . ▁These ▁ordin ari ates ▁would ▁be ▁similar ▁to ▁dioc eses , ▁but ▁en comp ass ing ▁entire ▁regions ▁or ▁nations . ▁Par ishes ▁belonging ▁to ▁an ▁ordin ari ate ▁would ▁not ▁be ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁dioc ese . ▁These ▁ordin ari ates ▁are ▁charged ▁with ▁maintain ing ▁the ▁Ang lic an ▁lit urg ical , ▁spiritual ▁and ▁past oral ▁trad itions , ▁and ▁they ▁have ▁full ▁fac ult ies ▁to ▁celebr ate ▁the ▁E uchar ist ▁and ▁the ▁other ▁sacr aments , ▁the ▁Lit ur gy ▁of ▁the ▁H ours ▁and ▁other ▁lit urg ical ▁functions ▁in ▁accord ance ▁with ▁the ▁lit urg ical ▁books ▁proper ▁to ▁Ang lic an ▁tradition , ▁in ▁revis ions ▁approved ▁by ▁the ▁Holy ▁See . ▁This ▁fac ulty ▁does ▁not ▁exclude ▁lit urg ical ▁celebr ations ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite . ▁ ▁The ▁Personal ▁Ord in ari ate ▁of ▁Our ▁Lady ▁of ▁W als ingham ▁was ▁set ▁up ▁for ▁England ▁and ▁Wales ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁and ▁the ▁Personal ▁Ord in ari ate ▁of ▁the ▁Chair ▁of ▁Saint ▁Peter ▁for ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Canada ▁on ▁ 1 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁and ▁the ▁Personal ▁Ord in ari ate ▁of ▁Our ▁Lady ▁of ▁the ▁Southern ▁Cross ▁for ▁Australia ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁it ▁was ▁decre ed ▁that ▁all ▁par ishes ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States |
▁established ▁under ▁the ▁Past oral ▁Pro vision ▁be ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁Ord in ari ate . ▁Bishop ▁Steven ▁L op es ▁of ▁the ▁Personal ▁Ord in ari ate ▁of ▁the ▁Chair ▁of ▁Saint ▁Peter ▁has ▁requested ▁that ▁terms ▁such ▁as ▁" Ang lic an ▁Use " ▁and ▁" Ang lic an ▁Ord in ari ate " ▁be ▁avoided , ▁saying ▁" O ur ▁cler gy ▁and ▁faithful ▁do ▁not ▁like ▁being ▁called ▁Ang lic an , ▁both ▁because ▁this ▁is ▁ins ens itive ▁to ▁actual ▁Ang lic ans , ▁and ▁because ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁subt le ▁way ▁of ▁suggesting ▁that ▁their ▁entrance ▁into ▁full ▁commun ion ▁is ▁less ▁that ▁total . ▁We ▁are ▁Catholic ▁in ▁every ▁sense ." ▁ ▁Alg on qu ian ▁and ▁I ro qu o ian ▁Us es ▁ ▁Also ▁called ▁" Ind ian ▁Mass es ", ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁variations ▁on ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁developed ▁in ▁the ▁Indian ▁miss ions ▁of ▁Canada ▁and ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁These ▁origin ated ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁century , ▁and ▁some ▁remained ▁in ▁use ▁until ▁the ▁Second ▁V at ican ▁Council . ▁The ▁priest ' s ▁parts ▁remained ▁in ▁Latin , ▁while ▁the ▁ordin aries ▁s ung ▁by ▁the ▁cho ir ▁were ▁translated ▁into ▁the ▁vern ac ular ▁( e . g ., ▁Moh awk , ▁Alg on quin , ▁Mic mac , ▁and ▁Hur on ). ▁They ▁also ▁generally ▁featured ▁a ▁reduced ▁cycle ▁of ▁native - language ▁prop ers ▁and ▁h ym ns . ▁At ▁present ▁they ▁are |
▁rarely ▁used . ▁ ▁Z aire ▁Use ▁ ▁The ▁Z aire ▁Use ▁is ▁an ▁inc ultur ated ▁variation ▁of ▁the ▁Ord inary ▁Form ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Church . ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁used ▁to ▁a ▁very ▁limited ▁extent ▁in ▁some ▁African ▁countries ▁since ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 7 0 s . ▁ ▁Western ▁R ites ▁of ▁" G all ican " ▁type ▁ ▁Amb ros ian ▁R ite ▁ ▁The ▁Amb ros ian ▁R ite ▁is ▁celebrated ▁in ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁Milan , ▁Italy , ▁and ▁in ▁parts ▁of ▁some ▁neighbour ing ▁dioc eses ▁in ▁Italy ▁and ▁Switzerland . ▁The ▁language ▁used ▁is ▁now ▁usually ▁Italian , ▁rather ▁than ▁Latin . ▁With ▁some ▁variant ▁texts ▁and ▁minor ▁difference ▁in ▁the ▁order ▁of ▁read ings , ▁it ▁is ▁similar ▁in ▁form ▁to ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite . ▁Its ▁classification ▁as ▁Gall ican - related ▁is ▁disput ed . ▁ ▁R ite ▁of ▁B rag a ▁ ▁The ▁R ite ▁of ▁B rag a ▁is ▁used , ▁but ▁since ▁ 1 8 ▁November ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁only ▁on ▁an ▁optional ▁basis , ▁in ▁the ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁B rag a ▁in ▁northern ▁Portugal . ▁ ▁Moz arab ic ▁R ite ▁ ▁The ▁Moz arab ic ▁R ite , ▁which ▁was ▁pre val ent ▁throughout ▁Spain ▁in ▁Vis ig oth ic ▁times , ▁is ▁now ▁celebrated ▁only ▁in ▁limited ▁locations , ▁princip ally ▁the ▁c athedral ▁of ▁To led o . |
▁ ▁Car th us ian ▁R ite ▁The ▁Car th us ian ▁r ite ▁is ▁in ▁use ▁in ▁a ▁version ▁re vised ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁A part ▁from ▁the ▁new ▁elements ▁in ▁this ▁revision , ▁it ▁is ▁substantial ly ▁the ▁r ite ▁of ▁Gren o ble ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century , ▁with ▁some ▁ad mi xture ▁from ▁other ▁sources . ▁Among ▁other ▁differences ▁from ▁the ▁Roman ▁Order ▁of ▁Mass , ▁the ▁de acon ▁prepar es ▁the ▁g ifts ▁while ▁the ▁Ep ist le ▁is ▁being ▁s ung , ▁the ▁celebr ating ▁priest ▁was hes ▁his ▁hands ▁twice ▁at ▁the ▁offer t ory ▁and ▁says ▁the ▁e uchar istic ▁prayer ▁with ▁arms ▁extended ▁in ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁a ▁cross ▁except ▁when ▁using ▁his ▁hands ▁for ▁some ▁specific ▁action , ▁and ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁bless ing ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁Mass . ▁ ▁This ▁is ▁now ▁the ▁only ▁ext ant ▁Mass ▁r ite ▁of ▁a ▁Catholic ▁religious ▁order ; ▁but ▁by ▁virtue ▁of ▁the ▁E cc lesia ▁De i ▁ind ult ▁some ▁individuals ▁or ▁small ▁groups ▁are ▁author ized ▁to ▁use ▁some ▁now ▁def unct ▁r ites . ▁ ▁Western ▁R ite ▁of ▁su i ▁gener is ▁type ▁ ▁Bened ict ine ▁R ite ▁ ▁The ▁Order ▁of ▁Saint ▁Bened ict ▁has ▁never ▁had ▁a ▁r ite ▁of ▁the ▁Mass ▁peculiar ▁to ▁it , ▁but ▁it ▁keeps ▁its ▁very ▁ancient ▁Bened ict ine ▁R ite ▁of ▁the ▁Lit ur gy ▁of ▁the ▁H ours . ▁ ▁Def unct |
▁Catholic ▁Western ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁ ▁African ▁R ite ▁ ▁In ▁Africa ▁Pro cons ul are , ▁located ▁in ▁present - day ▁Tun is ia ▁( of ▁which ▁Car th age ▁was ▁the ▁capital ), ▁the ▁African ▁R ite ▁was ▁used ▁before ▁the ▁ 7 th - century ▁Arab ▁con quest . ▁It ▁was ▁very ▁close ▁to ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ; ▁so ▁much ▁so ▁that ▁Western ▁lit urg ical ▁trad itions ▁have ▁been ▁class ified ▁as ▁belonging ▁to ▁two ▁streams , ▁the ▁North ▁African - R ome ▁tradition , ▁and ▁the ▁Gall ican ▁( in ▁the ▁broad ▁sense ) ▁tradition ▁en comp ass ing ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁Western ▁Roman ▁Empire , ▁including ▁northern ▁Italy . ▁ ▁C elt ic ▁R ite ▁▁ ▁The ▁ancient ▁C elt ic ▁R ite ▁was ▁a ▁composite ▁of ▁non - R oman ▁rit ual ▁structures ▁( poss ibly ▁Ant io ch ian ) ▁and ▁texts ▁not ▁ex empt ▁from ▁Roman ▁influence , ▁that ▁was ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁Moz arab ic ▁R ite ▁in ▁many ▁respect s ▁and ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁used ▁at ▁least ▁in ▁parts ▁of ▁Ireland , ▁Scotland , ▁the ▁northern ▁part ▁of ▁England ▁and ▁perhaps ▁even ▁Wales , ▁Corn wall ▁and ▁Som erset , ▁before ▁being ▁author it atively ▁replaced ▁by ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁Middle ▁A ges . ▁" C elt ic " ▁is ▁possibly ▁a ▁mis nom er ▁and ▁it ▁may ▁o we ▁its ▁orig ins ▁to ▁August ine ' s ▁re - ev angel isation ▁of |
▁the ▁British ▁Is les ▁in ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁century . ▁Little ▁is ▁known ▁of ▁it , ▁though ▁several ▁texts ▁and ▁lit urg ies ▁surv ive . ▁▁ ▁Some ▁Christians – typ ically ▁groups ▁not ▁in ▁commun ion ▁with ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Church , ▁especially ▁some ▁Western ▁Orth odox ▁Christian ▁communities ▁in ▁commun ion ▁with ▁Eastern ▁Orth odox ▁Church es , ▁e . g . ▁C elt ic ▁Orth odox y – have ▁attempted ▁to ▁bre at he ▁life ▁into ▁a ▁reconst ruction ▁of ▁the ▁C elt ic ▁R ite ▁the ▁historical ▁accuracy ▁of ▁which ▁is ▁deb ated . ▁Historical ▁evidence ▁of ▁this ▁r ite ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁rem n ants ▁of ▁the ▁St owe ▁( L orr ha ) ▁Miss al . ▁ ▁Gall ican ▁R ite ▁ ▁The ▁Gall ican ▁R ite ▁is ▁a ▁ret ros pective ▁term ▁applied ▁to ▁the ▁sum ▁of ▁the ▁local ▁variants , ▁on ▁similar ▁lines ▁to ▁that ▁designated ▁elsewhere ▁as ▁the ▁C elt ic ▁R ite ▁( above ) ▁and ▁the ▁Moz arab ic ▁R ite , ▁which ▁f aded ▁from ▁use ▁in ▁France ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁mill en ni um . ▁It ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁confused ▁with ▁the ▁so - called ▁Ne o - G all ican ▁lit urg ical ▁books ▁published ▁in ▁various ▁French ▁dioc eses ▁after ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Tr ent , ▁which ▁had ▁little ▁or ▁nothing ▁to ▁do ▁with ▁it . ▁ ▁Regional ▁Latin ▁r ites ▁or ▁uses ▁Several ▁local ▁r ites ▁( more ▁properly ▁uses ▁or ▁variants |
▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁( most ▁with ▁Gall ican ▁elements ▁some ▁with ▁By z antine ▁lit urg ical ▁and ▁tradition ▁elements ) ▁of ▁limited ▁scope ▁existed , ▁but ▁are ▁now ▁def unct . ▁The ▁Sar um ▁R ite ▁( more ▁properly ▁Sar um ▁Use ), ▁a ▁def unct ▁variant ▁on ▁the ▁Roman ▁r ite ▁origin ating ▁in ▁the ▁Dioc ese ▁of ▁Sal is bury , ▁which ▁had ▁come ▁to ▁be ▁widely ▁pract ised ▁in ▁England ▁and ▁Scotland ▁around ▁the ▁ 1 5 3 0 s , ▁while ▁the ▁Protest ant ▁Re formation ▁swe pt ▁across ▁contin ental ▁Europe ; ▁pract ised ▁alongside ▁limited ▁other ▁variants ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Use ▁of ▁York , ▁Lincoln ▁Use , ▁Bang or ▁Use , ▁and ▁Here ford ▁Use . ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁legacy ▁in ▁its ▁influence ▁on ▁later ▁Ang lic an ▁lit ur gy . ▁The ▁C ologne ▁Use , ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁dioc ese ▁of ▁C ologne ▁() ▁prior ▁to ▁ 1 5 7 0 . ▁The ▁Met z ▁Use , ▁created ▁by ▁Arn ulf ▁of ▁Met z ▁and ▁Am al arius ▁of ▁Met z ▁in ▁the ▁nin th ▁century – used ▁in ▁Als ace - L or raine , ▁the ▁Netherlands , ▁and ▁F lem ish ▁and ▁Wall onian ▁lands ▁until ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁tw enti eth ▁century . ▁The ▁Lyon ese ▁R ite ▁of ▁the ▁Dioc ese ▁of ▁Lyon , ▁France , ▁which ▁some ▁consider ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁( r ather ▁than ▁Milan ) ▁the ▁centre ▁of ▁diffusion ▁of ▁the ▁Gall ican ▁lit |
ur gy ; ▁it ▁is ▁maintained ▁in ▁a ▁few ▁par ishes ▁in ▁Lyon . ▁The ▁N id ar os ▁Use , ▁long ▁def unct , ▁based ▁mainly ▁on ▁imported ▁English ▁lit urg ical ▁books , ▁used ▁in ▁pre - Re formation ▁Norway . ▁The ▁U pp s ala ▁Use , ▁suppress ed ▁during ▁the ▁Re formation , ▁formerly ▁the ▁dominant ▁variant ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite ▁used ▁in ▁northern ▁Sweden . ▁The ▁ ▁Aqu ile ian ▁R ite , ▁a ▁def unct ▁r ite ▁origin ating ▁in ▁the ▁former ▁patri arch ate ▁of ▁Aqu ile ia ▁in ▁northern ▁Italy . ▁The ▁B ene vent o ▁R ite , ▁a ▁def unct ▁Latin ▁r ite ▁origin ated ▁in ▁this ▁city ▁in ▁Italy . ▁The ▁Dur ham ▁R ite ▁( def unct : ▁Dur ham , ▁England ) ▁The ▁Es z ter gom ▁Use ▁( def unct : ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁Es z ter gom , ▁used ▁between ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁and ▁ 1 7 th ▁centuries ▁primarily ▁in ▁the ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁Es z ter gom , ▁and ▁in ▁its ▁suff rag an ▁dioc eses . ▁Similar ▁r ites ▁were ▁also ▁in ▁Slov ak ia ▁and ▁in ▁southern , ▁central , ▁and ▁western ▁Poland . ▁These ▁us ages ▁of ▁Roman ▁lit ur gy ▁was ▁the ▁closest ▁to ▁Roman ▁( today ▁V at ican ) ▁r ites ▁with ▁some ▁small ▁By z antine - S lav ic ▁elements . ▁ ▁R ites ▁of ▁religious ▁orders ▁ ▁Some ▁religious ▁orders |
▁celebrated ▁Mass ▁according ▁to ▁r ites ▁of ▁their ▁own , ▁d ating ▁from ▁more ▁than ▁ 2 0 0 ▁years ▁before ▁the ▁pap al ▁b ull ▁Qu o ▁prim um . ▁These ▁r ites ▁were ▁based ▁on ▁local ▁us ages ▁and ▁combined ▁elements ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁and ▁Gall ican ▁R ites . ▁Following ▁the ▁Second ▁V at ican ▁Council , ▁they ▁have ▁mostly ▁been ▁abandoned , ▁except ▁for ▁the ▁Car th us ian ▁R ite ▁( see ▁above ). ▁Relig ious ▁orders ▁of ▁more ▁recent ▁origin ▁have ▁never ▁had ▁special ▁r ites . ▁ ▁The ▁following ▁previously ▁existing ▁r ites ▁of ▁Mass , ▁distinct ▁from ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite , ▁continue ▁to ▁be ▁used ▁on ▁a ▁limited ▁basis ▁by ▁the ▁permission ▁of ▁ecc les iast ical ▁super iors : ▁Car mel ite ▁R ite ▁C ister cian ▁R ite ▁Domin ican ▁R ite ▁Prem on str at ens ian ▁or ▁Nor bert ine ▁R ite ▁ ▁The ▁Catholic ▁Encyclopedia ▁applied ▁the ▁word ▁" rite " ▁also ▁to ▁the ▁practices ▁followed ▁( to ▁some ▁extent ▁even ▁now , ▁a ▁century ▁later ) ▁by ▁certain ▁Catholic ▁religious ▁orders , ▁while ▁at ▁the ▁same ▁time ▁stating ▁that ▁they ▁in ▁fact ▁followed ▁the ▁Roman ▁R ite : ▁Francis can ▁R ite ▁Fri ars ▁Minor ▁Cap uch in ▁R ite ▁Serv ite ▁R ite ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Alexand rian ▁R ite ▁Ant io ch ene ▁R ite ▁Armen ian ▁R ite ▁ ▁By z antine ▁R ite ▁Catholic ▁particular ▁churches ▁and ▁lit urg ical ▁r ites ▁East ▁Sy |
ri ac ▁R ite ▁West ▁Sy ri ac ▁R ite ▁General ▁Roman ▁Calendar ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Dom ▁Fern and ▁Cab rol ' s ▁The ▁Mass ▁of ▁the ▁Western ▁R ites ▁Non - R oman ▁Latin ▁or ▁Western ▁R ites ▁An ▁African ▁Inter pret ation ▁of ▁Lit urg ical ▁Inc ult uration : ▁The ▁R ite ▁Z airo is ▁▁▁ ▁Category : West ern ▁Christian ity <0x0A> </s> ▁Fern ald ia ▁p and ur ata ▁( common ▁name : ▁l or oco ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁v ine ▁with ▁ed ible ▁flowers , ▁w ides p read ▁in ▁Mexico ▁and ▁Central ▁America . ▁ ▁Fern ald ia ▁p and ur ata ▁is ▁an ▁important ▁source ▁of ▁food ▁in ▁El ▁Salvador ▁and ▁Gu atem ala . ▁The ▁plant ' s ▁bud s ▁and ▁flowers ▁are ▁used ▁for ▁cook ing ▁in ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁ways , ▁including ▁in ▁pup us as . ▁ ▁The ▁name ▁" lor oco " ▁is ▁used ▁throughout ▁Mes o amer ica ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁Fern ald ia ▁p and ur ata . ▁ ▁Fern ald ia ▁p and ur ata ▁is ▁an ▁her b ace ous ▁v ine ▁with ▁ob long - elli pt ical ▁to ▁broad ly ▁ov ate ▁leaves ▁. ▁long , ▁ 1 . 5 – 8 cm ▁broad , ▁infl ores c ences ▁are ▁generally ▁somewhat ▁shorter ▁than ▁the ▁leaves , ▁with ▁ 8 – 1 8 ▁flowers , ▁the ▁p edic els ▁ 4 – 6 mm . ▁long ; ▁b ract s |
▁ov ate , ▁ ▁long ; ▁cal y x ▁lo bes ▁ov ate , ▁ac ute ▁or ▁obt use , ▁ 2 – 3 mm . ▁long ; ▁cor ol la ▁white ▁within , ▁green ish ▁outside . ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁ ▁León , ▁J ., ▁H . ▁Gold bach ▁& ▁J . ▁Eng els , ▁ 1 9 7 9 : ▁Die ▁gen et ischen ▁Ress our cen ▁der ▁Kultur p fl anzen ▁Zent ral amer ik as ., ▁Int . ▁Gen bank ▁C AT IE / GT Z ▁in ▁Tur rial ba , ▁Costa ▁Rica , ▁San ▁Juan ▁de ▁Tib ás , ▁Costa ▁Rica , ▁ 3 2 ▁pp . ▁ ▁Mort on , ▁J . ▁F ., ▁E . ▁Al vare z ▁& ▁C . ▁Qu i ñ one z , ▁ 1 9 9 0 : ▁Lor oco , ▁Fern ald ia ▁p and ur ata '' ▁( Ap oc yn aceae ): ▁a ▁popular ▁ed ible ▁flower ▁of ▁Central ▁America . ▁Econom ic ▁Bot any ▁ 4 4 , ▁ 3 0 1 – 3 1 0 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Lor oco ▁in ▁World ▁Cro ps ▁( English ) ▁ ▁Category : E ch ite ae ▁Category : Ed ible ▁plants ▁Category : Fl ora ▁of ▁Central ▁America ▁Category : Fl ora ▁of ▁Mexico ▁Category : Sal v ador an ▁cu is ine ▁Category : Gu atem al an ▁cu is ine ▁Category : Pl ants ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 4 <0x0A> </s> ▁Ch |
ester ▁Earl ▁Mer row ▁( Nov ember ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁– ▁February ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 7 4 ) ▁was ▁a ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁from ▁New ▁Ham pshire . ▁ ▁Born ▁in ▁Center ▁O ss ipe e , ▁New ▁Ham pshire , ▁Mer row ▁attended ▁the ▁public ▁schools ▁and ▁B rew ster ▁Free ▁Academy ▁in ▁Wolf eb oro ▁from ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 5 . ▁He ▁was ▁graduated ▁from ▁Col by ▁College , ▁Water ville , ▁Maine , ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁and ▁from ▁Te ach ers ▁College ▁( sum mers ) ▁( Col umb ia ▁University ), ▁New ▁York ▁City , ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 7 . ▁ ▁Mer row ▁was ▁an ▁instruct or ▁of ▁science ▁at ▁K ents ▁Hill ▁School ▁in ▁Maine ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁and ▁at ▁Mont pel ier ▁Sem inary ▁from ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 3 7 . ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁assistant ▁head master ▁of ▁Mont pel ier ▁Sem inary ▁from ▁ 1 9 3 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁instruct or ▁of ▁political ▁science ▁and ▁history ▁at ▁Verm ont ▁Junior ▁College ▁in ▁Mont pel ier ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁ ▁Mer row ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁Ham pshire ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁in ▁ 1 9 |
3 9 ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁ ▁He ▁became ▁a ▁radio ▁news ▁comment ator ▁and ▁lect urer , ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁delegate ▁to ▁an ▁international ▁conference ▁on ▁education ▁and ▁cultural ▁relations ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Nations , ▁held ▁in ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁con gression al ▁advis er ▁to ▁the ▁first ▁conference ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁Edu c ational , ▁Scient ific , ▁and ▁Cultural ▁Organ ization ▁( UN ES CO ) ▁held ▁in ▁Paris ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 6 . ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁deleg ation ▁to ▁UN ES CO ▁ 1 9 4 6 - 1 9 4 9 . ▁ ▁Mer row ▁was ▁elected ▁as ▁a ▁Republican ▁to ▁the ▁Se vent y - e ighth ▁and ▁to ▁the ▁nine ▁succeed ing ▁Congress es ▁( J anu ary ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁– ▁January ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 6 3 ). ▁Mer row ▁voted ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁the ▁Civil ▁Rights ▁Act s ▁of ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 0 . ▁He ▁was ▁not ▁a ▁candidate ▁for ▁re e lection ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁to ▁the ▁E ight y - e ighth ▁Congress , ▁but ▁was ▁un success ful ▁for ▁nom ination ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Senate . ▁ ▁Sub sequently , ▁he ▁was ▁Special ▁Ad vis er ▁on ▁Community ▁Rel ations , ▁Department ▁of ▁State , ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 3 |
▁to ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁un success ful ▁candidate ▁for ▁election ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁to ▁the ▁Nin ety - second ▁Congress ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁to ▁the ▁Nin ety - third ▁Congress . ▁He ▁res ided ▁in ▁Center ▁O ss ipe e ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁there , ▁February ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁He ▁was ▁inter red ▁in ▁Ch ick ville ▁C emetery . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 0 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁death s ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁from ▁New ▁Ham pshire ▁Category : Col by ▁College ▁al umn i ▁Category : T each ers ▁College , ▁Columbia ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : New ▁Ham pshire ▁Republic ans ▁Category : Rep ublic an ▁Party ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁Ham pshire ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁polit icians ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁O ss ipe e , ▁New ▁Ham pshire <0x0A> </s> ▁H IS ▁(" High tech ▁Information ▁System ▁Limited "; ▁established ▁ 1 9 8 7 ), ▁is ▁a ▁Hong ▁Kong - based ▁graphics ▁card ▁manufact urer ▁that ▁produces ▁A MD ▁( former ly ▁known ▁as ▁AT I ) ▁R ade on ▁graphics ▁cards . ▁Its ▁headquarters ▁are ▁in ▁Hong ▁Kong , ▁with ▁additional ▁sales ▁offices ▁and ▁distribution ▁networks ▁in ▁Europe , |
▁the ▁Middle ▁East , ▁North ▁America ▁and ▁Asia ▁Pacific ▁Reg ions . ▁The ▁current ▁distrib utor ▁in ▁Hong ▁Kong ▁is ▁Jun Max ▁Technology . ▁ ▁Product s ▁ ▁H IS ▁manufact ures ▁and ▁s ells ▁A MD ▁R ade on ▁series ▁video ▁cards . ▁They ▁are ▁known ▁for ▁their ▁Ice Q ▁cool ing ▁technology ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁producing ▁the ▁latest ▁and ▁fast est ▁P CI ▁cards ▁like ▁A MD ▁R ade on ▁R X ▁ 5 9 0 , ▁R X ▁ 5 7 0 0 ▁and ▁R X ▁ 5 7 0 0 ▁X T . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁H IS ▁launched ▁new ▁versions ▁of ▁the ▁R X ▁ 5 7 0 0 ▁X T ▁in ▁p ink ▁and ▁blue . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁H IS ▁Ltd . ▁ ▁Category : Comput er ▁companies ▁of ▁Hong ▁Kong ▁Category : Graphics ▁hardware ▁companies ▁Category : Comput er ▁companies ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁Category : E lect ron ics ▁companies ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁Category : H ong ▁Kong ▁br ands <0x0A> </s> ▁__ NOT OC __ ▁AD ▁ 4 7 ▁( X L V II ) ▁was ▁a ▁common ▁year ▁starting ▁on ▁Sunday ▁( link ▁will ▁display ▁the ▁full ▁calendar ) ▁of ▁the ▁Julian ▁calendar . ▁" At ▁the ▁time , ▁it ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Year ▁of ▁the ▁Cons ul ship ▁of ▁Claud ius ▁and ▁Vit elli us ▁( or , ▁less ▁frequently , ▁year ▁ 8 0 |