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ulation ", ▁ ▁with ▁M um bre lla ▁describing ▁W icked ▁Camp ers ▁as ▁being ▁Australia ’ s ▁most ▁out - of - control ▁advert iser . ▁ ▁W icked ▁Cam per ▁reaction ▁The ▁company ▁mock s ▁both ▁the ▁comp lain ants , ▁and ▁the ▁compla ints ▁against ▁it . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁W icked ▁Camp ers ▁website ▁ ▁Category : Car ▁r ental ▁companies ▁of ▁Australia ▁Category : Comp an ies ▁based ▁in ▁Br is b ane ▁Category : Ret ail ▁companies ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Category : Transport ▁companies ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Category : 2 0 0 0 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁Say an ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Say an ▁( name ) ▁ ▁Say an ▁Mountains , ▁a ▁mountain ▁range ▁in ▁Si ber ia , ▁Asia ▁ ▁Say an , ▁India ▁ ▁Say an , ▁B ali , ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Indones ia ▁ ▁Say an , ▁Iran , ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Ham ad an ▁Province , ▁Iran ▁ ▁Say án ▁District , ▁Peru ▁ ▁Say án , ▁city ▁in ▁Peru ▁ ▁Say any - K h ak ass ia , ▁a ▁Russian ▁band y ▁club ▁ ▁Say an ▁Pla k , ▁a ▁Turkish ▁record ▁label ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁ ▁Say ana , ▁ 1 4 th ▁century ▁Indian ▁comment ator ▁on ▁the ▁V ed as ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Sa ï an ▁Sup a ▁C rew ▁S ai yan ▁( disambiguation |
) ▁ ▁Super ▁S ai yan <0x0A> </s> ▁James ▁Marcus ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁James ▁Marcus ▁( American ▁actor ) ▁( 1 8 6 7 – 1 9 3 7 ), ▁American ▁actor ▁James ▁Marcus ▁( English ▁actor ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 4 2 ), ▁English ▁actor ▁James ▁Marcus ▁( Res ident ▁Ev il ), ▁video ▁game ▁character ▁James ▁S . ▁Marcus ▁( 1 9 2 9 – 2 0 1 5 ), ▁American ▁invest ment ▁bank er ▁and ▁phil anth rop ist <0x0A> </s> ▁ 6 / 1 ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁June ▁ 1 ▁( month - day ▁date ▁notation ) ▁January ▁ 6 ▁( day - month ▁date ▁notation ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Six th ▁( disambiguation ) ▁▁ 1 / 6 ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁Six ▁One , ▁news ▁show ▁by ▁R T É ▁News ▁ ▁Six ▁of ▁One ▁( disambiguation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Kim ber ly ▁Bur rell ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁g ospel ▁singer ▁from ▁Houston , ▁Texas . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁ ▁Bur rell ▁is ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁a ▁past or ▁in ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁God ▁in ▁Christ ▁( CO G IC ) ▁. ▁Bur rell ▁began ▁performing ▁with ▁Re ver end ▁James ▁Cleveland ' s ▁G M WA ▁Youth ▁Mass ▁Ch oir ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁Rev . ▁James ▁Cleveland ' s ▁K ids ). ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁R ise ▁to ▁fame ▁Bur rell ' s ▁performances ▁continued ▁with ▁Tr inity ▁Temple ▁Full ▁G ospel ▁Mass ▁Ch oir ▁of ▁Dallas ▁and ▁The |
▁In sp ir ational ▁S ounds ▁Mass ▁Ch oir ▁of ▁Houston . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁she ▁was ▁a ▁featured ▁singer ▁on ▁the ▁repr ise ▁of ▁" J es us ▁Pa id ▁It ▁All " ▁on ▁R icky ▁D ill ard ▁& ▁New ▁G ' s ▁album ▁Work ed ▁It ▁Out . ▁Her ▁first ▁independent ▁album , ▁Try ▁Me ▁Again , ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁the ▁Texas - based ▁bout ique ▁label ▁Pear l ▁Records ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁This ▁led ▁to ▁her ▁being ▁signed ▁to ▁Tommy ▁Boy ▁G ospel ▁and ▁re le asing ▁another ▁album , ▁Ever last ing ▁Life ▁( 1 9 9 9 ), ▁produced ▁by ▁As aph ▁Alexander ▁Ward . ▁The ▁album ▁pe aked ▁at ▁# 1 0 ▁on ▁the ▁Billboard ▁G ospel ▁Ch arts . ▁ ▁Bur rell ▁recorded ▁Live ▁In ▁Con cert , ▁a ▁live ▁album ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁at ▁the ▁annual ▁CO G IC ▁Convention ▁in ▁M emph is , ▁Tennessee . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁It ▁was ▁nominated ▁for ▁a ▁Gram my ▁Award ▁for ▁Best ▁Soul ▁G ospel ▁Album ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁Though ▁Tommy ▁Boy ▁G ospel ▁closed ▁shortly ▁after ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁Live ▁In ▁Con cert , ▁by ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁she ▁had ▁signed ▁a ▁recording ▁contract ▁with ▁Ele kt ra ▁Records . ▁Under ▁this ▁contract ▁she ▁recorded ▁only ▁a ▁guest ▁appearance ▁on ▁the ▁all - star ▁g ospel ▁track |
▁" High er ▁Gr ound ", ▁which ▁first ▁appeared ▁as ▁a ▁bonus ▁track ▁on ▁Miss y ▁Elli ott ' s ▁album ▁Miss ▁E ... ▁So ▁Add ict ive ▁and ▁was ▁later ▁featured ▁on ▁Kar en ▁Clark ▁She ard ' s ▁ 2 nd ▁Ch ance ▁album . ▁ ▁She ▁has ▁continued ▁to ▁perform ▁live ▁and ▁to ▁collabor ate ▁with ▁other ▁artists . ▁Though ▁only ▁inter mitt ently ▁active ▁as ▁a ▁recording ▁artist , ▁she ▁established ▁and ▁hosts ▁the ▁annual ▁E ph es ians ▁ 4 ▁conference , ▁a ▁work shop ▁for ▁performing ▁artists . ▁ ▁Later ▁record ings ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁Bur rell ▁was ▁a ▁guest ▁perform er ▁along ▁with ▁Kelly ▁Price ▁on ▁R . ▁Kelly ' s ▁" 3 - W ay ▁Phone ▁Call " ▁playing ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁Price ' s ▁" p ray er ▁partner " ▁in ▁the ▁soap ▁opera - like ▁song . ▁She ▁appeared ▁in ▁George ▁Cl inton ' s ▁original ▁song ▁" Math emat ics ▁of ▁Love " ▁on ▁Cl inton ' s ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁album ▁of ▁covers , ▁George ▁Cl inton ▁and ▁Some ▁Gang sters ▁of ▁Love . ▁Bur rell ▁released ▁her ▁first ▁studio ▁album ▁in ▁ 1 1 ▁years , ▁No ▁W ays ▁T ired , ▁on ▁April ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁through ▁Sh an ach ie ▁Records . ▁The ▁album ▁features ▁covers ▁of ▁classic ▁g ospel ▁songs ▁like ▁" My ▁Fa ith ▁Looks ▁Up ▁To ▁The e ," ▁" What ▁A ▁Friend |
▁We ▁Have ▁In ▁Jesus ," ▁" O ▁Lamb ▁Of ▁God " ▁and ▁" I ▁S urr ender ▁All ," ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁classic ▁James ▁Cleveland ▁song ▁after ▁which ▁the ▁album ▁is ▁named . ▁ ▁Bur rell ▁sang ▁" I ▁see ▁a ▁Vict ory " ▁with ▁Ph ar rell ▁Williams ▁for ▁the ▁sound track ▁to ▁the ▁feature ▁film ▁H idden ▁Fig ures ▁( 2 0 1 6 ). ▁ ▁Cont ro vers ies ▁In ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁a ▁video ▁sur fac ed ▁showing ▁Bur rell ▁pre aching ▁a ▁ser mon ▁at ▁the ▁Love ▁& ▁Liber ty ▁Fellow ship ▁Church . ▁In ▁that ▁ser mon , ▁she ▁called ▁people ▁who ▁eng age ▁in ▁hom osex ual ▁acts ▁" per vert ed " ▁and ▁said ▁they ▁had ▁been ▁dece ived ▁by ▁the ▁" hom osex ual ▁spirit ." ▁ ▁She ▁also ▁war ned ▁that ▁people ▁who ▁" play ▁with " ▁hom osex ual ▁sin ▁would ▁" die ▁from ▁it " ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁In ▁response ▁to ▁considerable ▁criticism , ▁Bur rell ▁said ▁that ▁she ▁makes ▁" no ▁exc uses ▁or ▁ap ologies " ▁for ▁the ▁ser mon , ▁adding ▁" I ▁love ▁you , ▁and ▁God ▁lov es ▁you , ▁but ▁he ▁h ates ▁the ▁sin ▁in ▁you ▁and ▁me ." ▁ ▁Short ly ▁after ▁the ▁video ▁of ▁the ▁ser mon ▁sur fac ed , ▁The ▁Ellen ▁De Gener es ▁Show ▁cancel led ▁Bur rell ' s ▁scheduled ▁appearance , ▁as ▁did ▁the ▁B MI ▁Tra il |
bla z ers ▁of ▁G ospel ▁Music ▁event , ▁where ▁she ▁was ▁removed ▁as ▁an ▁hon ore e . ▁Her ▁radio ▁talk ▁show , ▁Br id ging ▁the ▁G ap ▁with ▁Kim ▁Bur rell , ▁was ▁cancel led ▁by ▁Texas ▁Southern ▁University . ▁ ▁Selected ▁disc ography ▁ ▁Albums ▁ ▁Try ▁Me ▁Again ▁( P ear l , ▁ 1 9 9 5 ) ▁ ▁Ever last ing ▁Life ▁( Tom my ▁Boy ▁G ospel , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁ ▁Live ▁In ▁Con cert ▁( Tom my ▁Boy ▁G ospel , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁No ▁W ays ▁T ired ▁( Sh an ach ie , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Love ▁Album ▁( Sh an ach ie , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ) ▁ ▁A ▁D ifferent ▁Place ▁( Sh an ach ie , ▁ 2 0 1 5 ) ▁ ▁Live ▁From ▁Miami ▁( New ▁Brand ▁Records , ▁ 2 0 1 7 ) ▁ ▁Singles ▁ ▁" Special ▁Place " ▁( Bad ▁Boy ▁Entertainment , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁▁ ▁" L ittle ▁Dr um mer ▁Boy " ▁( New ▁Brand ▁Records , ▁ 2 0 1 8 ) ▁ ▁Videos ▁ ▁Live ▁In ▁Con cert ▁( V HS ) ▁( Tom my ▁Boy ▁G ospel , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁Other ▁App ear ances ▁ ▁Awards ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁G ospel ▁Music ▁Ex cell ence ▁Award , ▁Fem ale ▁V ocal ist |
▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁- ▁Contempor ary ▁for ▁Ever last ing ▁Life ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁St ell ar ▁Award , ▁Contempor ary ▁Fem ale ▁V ocal ist ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁for ▁Ever last ing ▁Life ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁St ell ar ▁Award , ▁Albert ina ▁Walker ▁Fem ale ▁V ocal ist ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁for ▁The ▁Love ▁Album ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁St ell ar ▁Award , ▁Contempor ary ▁Fem ale ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁for ▁The ▁Love ▁Album ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁D ove ▁Award , ▁Urban ▁Record ed ▁Song ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁for ▁" S we eter " ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁female ▁singer - song writ ers ▁Category : American ▁singer - song writ ers ▁Category : American ▁g ospel ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁sing ers ▁Category : A fr ican - American ▁female ▁sing ers ▁Category : American ▁Pent ec ost als ▁Category : A fr ican - American ▁Christians ▁Category : Mus icians ▁from ▁Houston ▁Category : S ong writ ers ▁from ▁Texas ▁Category : Tom my ▁Boy ▁Records ▁artists ▁Category : E le kt ra ▁Records ▁artists ▁Category : E pic ▁Records ▁artists ▁Category : Sh an ach ie ▁Records ▁artists ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁women ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁women ▁sing ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Mount ▁McK |
el vey ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁rock y , ▁mostly ▁ice - free ▁peak , ▁ ▁high , ▁situated ▁less ▁than ▁ ▁east ▁of ▁Mount ▁Wal c ott ▁in ▁the ▁eastern ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁Th iel ▁Mountains ▁of ▁Ant arct ica . ▁It ▁was ▁survey ed ▁by ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Ge ological ▁Survey ▁( US GS ) ▁Th iel ▁Mountains ▁party ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 0 – 6 1 , ▁and ▁was ▁named ▁by ▁the ▁Ad vis ory ▁Committee ▁on ▁Ant ar ctic ▁Names ▁for ▁Vincent ▁E . ▁McK el vey , ▁the ▁nin th ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁US GS ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 1 – 7 8 . ▁During ▁this ▁period , ▁numerous ▁US GS ▁ge olog ic ▁and ▁top ographic ▁exped itions , ▁for ▁which ▁he ▁had ▁administrative ▁responsibility , ▁were ▁carried ▁out ▁in ▁Ant arct ica . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Mountains ▁in ▁Ant arct ica ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁Ell sw orth ▁Land <0x0A> </s> ▁Arthur ▁R ibe iro ▁( born ▁ 2 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 4 2 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Brazil ian ▁fen cer . ▁He ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁individual ▁and ▁team ▁ép ée ▁events ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁and ▁the ▁individual ▁ép ée ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : B raz ilian ▁male ▁f enc ers ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁f enc |
ers ▁of ▁Brazil ▁Category : F enc ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : F enc ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : Pan ▁American ▁Games ▁medal ists ▁in ▁f encing ▁Category : Pan ▁American ▁Games ▁gold ▁medal ists ▁for ▁Brazil ▁Category : Pan ▁American ▁Games ▁silver ▁medal ists ▁for ▁Brazil ▁Category : F enc ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁Pan ▁American ▁Games ▁Category : F enc ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁Pan ▁American ▁Games ▁Category : F enc ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁Pan ▁American ▁Games <0x0A> </s> ▁C asc ad ura ▁is ▁a ▁neighborhood ▁in ▁the ▁North ▁Zone ▁of ▁Rio ▁de ▁Janeiro , ▁Brazil . ▁ ▁Category : Ne igh bour hood s ▁in ▁Rio ▁de ▁Janeiro ▁( city ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Belg ium ▁chose ▁their ▁Junior ▁Euro vision ▁entry ▁for ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁through ▁Eu ros ong ▁for ▁K ids , ▁a ▁national ▁final ▁consisting ▁of ▁ 1 0 ▁songs ▁compet ing ▁over ▁two ▁semi - final s ▁and ▁a ▁final . ▁The ▁winner ▁of ▁Junior ▁Eu ros ong ▁was ▁Thor !, ▁with ▁the ▁song ▁" E en ▁to cht ▁door ▁het ▁don ker ". ▁ ▁Before ▁Euro vision ▁ ▁Eu ros ong ▁for ▁K ids ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁ ▁Eu ros ong ▁for ▁K ids ▁was ▁the ▁national ▁final ▁for ▁Belg ium ▁at ▁the ▁Junior ▁Euro vision ▁Song ▁Cont est ▁ 2 0 0 6 , |
▁organ ised ▁by ▁Belg ian ▁broad c aster ▁V la am se ▁Radio - ▁en ▁Tele vis ie om ro ep ▁( V RT ). ▁ ▁Format ▁ ▁The ▁format ▁of ▁the ▁competition ▁consisted ▁of ▁three ▁shows : ▁two ▁semi - final s ▁and ▁a ▁final . ▁In ▁all ▁shows , ▁the ▁results ▁were ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁votes ▁from ▁a ▁three - member ▁adult ▁" ex pert " ▁j ury , ▁a ▁k ids ▁j ury , ▁Radio ▁ 2 ▁j ury , ▁Radio ▁Don na ▁j ury ▁and ▁te lev oting . ▁The ▁te lev ote ▁counted ▁for ▁ 1 / 3 ▁of ▁the ▁overall ▁vote , ▁with ▁the ▁other ▁ 4 ▁jur ies ▁counting ▁for ▁ 1 / 6 . ▁The ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁" ex pert " ▁j ury ▁were ▁Els ▁De ▁Sche pper , ▁He idi ▁L ena ert s ▁and ▁Ron ny ▁Mos use . ▁The ▁winning ▁song ▁from ▁each ▁semi - final ▁qualified ▁for ▁the ▁final ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁ 3 ▁overall ▁best ▁scoring ▁non - w inners . ▁ ▁Sem i - final ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁semi - final ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁ 1 7 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁Thor ! ▁advanced ▁directly ▁for ▁the ▁final , ▁winning ▁the ▁semi - final ▁with ▁ 7 0 ▁points . ▁L izz @ xy ▁and ▁Att ic ▁also ▁qualified ▁as ▁two ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁overall ▁best ▁scoring ▁non - w inners ▁with ▁ 6 7 ▁and ▁ 6 0 ▁points ▁respectively . ▁ ▁Sem i |
- final ▁ 2 ▁The ▁second ▁semi - final ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁The ▁Fire f lies ▁advanced ▁directly ▁for ▁the ▁final , ▁winning ▁the ▁semi - final ▁with ▁ 7 1 ▁points . ▁Nicolas ▁also ▁qualified ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁overall ▁best ▁scoring ▁non - w inners ▁with ▁ 6 2 ▁points . ▁ ▁Final ▁ ▁The ▁final ▁was ▁held ▁on ▁ 1 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁The ▁winner ▁was ▁" E en ▁to cht ▁door ▁het ▁don ker " ▁performed ▁by ▁Thor !. ▁ ▁At ▁Euro vision ▁ ▁At ▁Junior ▁Euro vision , ▁Belg ium ▁performed ▁in ▁th ir teenth ▁position , ▁before ▁Cro atia ▁and ▁after ▁Belg ium . ▁Belg ium ▁placed ▁in ▁ 7 th ▁position ▁with ▁ 7 1 ▁points ; ▁the ▁highest ▁of ▁which ▁was ▁ 1 0 ▁points , ▁which ▁came ▁from ▁Cro atia . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Belg ium ▁in ▁the ▁Junior ▁Euro vision ▁Song ▁Cont est ▁Junior ▁Euro vision ▁Song ▁Cont est ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Official ▁Belg ian ▁J ES C ▁Site ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 6 ▁in ▁Belg ium ▁Junior ▁Category : Count ries ▁in ▁the ▁Junior ▁Euro vision ▁Song ▁Cont est ▁ 2 0 0 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁Line ▁S 1 ▁of ▁the ▁Nan j ing ▁Metro ▁( ), ▁is ▁a ▁sub urban ▁met ro ▁rail ▁line ▁serving ▁the ▁southern ▁sub ur bs ▁of ▁Nan j ing , |
▁running ▁from ▁ ▁to ▁. ▁ ▁It ▁connect s ▁Nan j ing ▁South ▁railway ▁station ▁with ▁Nan j ing ▁L uk ou ▁International ▁Airport . ▁It ▁is ▁ ▁long ▁has ▁ 8 ▁stations . ▁The ▁line ▁started ▁construction ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁and ▁was ▁opened ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁a ▁contract ▁for ▁ 1 5 ▁ 6 ▁car ▁Type ▁B ▁met ro ▁trains ▁was ▁given ▁to ▁C SR ▁Corporation ▁Limited , ▁with ▁the ▁first ▁train ▁arriv ing ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁Line ▁S 1 ▁also ▁serves ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁stage ▁of ▁the ▁Nan j ing – G a och un ▁inter city ▁railway , ▁with ▁Line ▁S 9 ▁serving ▁as ▁the ▁second ▁stage . ▁ ▁Open ing ▁tim eline ▁ ▁Station ▁list ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Line ▁S 1 ▁on ▁the ▁official ▁Nan j ing ▁Metro ▁website ▁( includes ▁route ▁map ) ▁▁ ▁Category : N an j ing ▁Metro ▁lines <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁scar let ▁k ings nake ▁or ▁scar let ▁milk ▁s nake ▁( L am prop elt is ▁el ap so ides ) ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁k ings nake ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁sout he astern ▁and ▁eastern ▁port ions ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁Like ▁all ▁k ings n akes , ▁they ▁are ▁non ven om ous . ▁They ▁are ▁found ▁in ▁p ine ▁flat wood s , ▁hyd ric |
▁h amm ock s , ▁p ine ▁sav ann as , ▁mes ic ▁p ine - o ak ▁for ests , ▁pra i ries , ▁cultiv ated ▁fields , ▁and ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁sub urban ▁habit ats ; ▁not ▁unus ually , ▁people ▁find ▁scar let ▁k ings n akes ▁in ▁their ▁sw imming ▁po ols , ▁especially ▁during ▁the ▁spring . ▁Until ▁recently , ▁and ▁for ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁scar let ▁k ings n akes ▁were ▁considered ▁a ▁sub species ▁of ▁the ▁milk ▁s nake . ▁ ▁However , ▁Py ron ▁and ▁B ub r ink ▁demonstrated ▁the ▁ph y log en etic ▁distinction ▁of ▁this ▁species ▁and ▁its ▁closer ▁relationship ▁to ▁the ▁mountain ▁k ings n akes ▁of ▁the ▁south western ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁These ▁largely ▁foss orial ▁sn akes ▁are ▁the ▁smallest ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁species ▁within ▁the ▁genus ▁Lam prop elt is , ▁usually ▁r anging ▁from ▁ ▁at ▁m atur ity . ▁The ▁maximum ▁recorded ▁length ▁is ▁. ▁H atch lings ▁range ▁in ▁size ▁from ▁. ▁ ▁Tax onomy ▁▁ ▁The ▁generic ▁name , ▁Lam prop elt is , ▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁An cient ▁Greek ▁l am pr ós ( λ α μ π ρ ος ) ▁meaning ▁" sh iny " ▁and ▁p elt as ( π ε λ τ α ς ) ▁meaning ▁" sh ield ", ▁after ▁the ▁she en ▁of ▁their ▁scales . ▁ ▁Its ▁specific ▁name , ▁el ap so ides , ▁is |
▁a ▁Latin ization ▁of ▁the ▁Greek ▁word ▁él lo ps ▁( ε λ λ ο π ς ) ▁which ▁refers ▁to ▁cor al ▁and ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁describe ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁genus , ▁E laps ▁( the ▁type ▁genus ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁E lap idae ), ▁which ▁included ▁the ▁eastern ▁cor al ▁s nake ▁( M ic r urus ▁ful vi us ), ▁a ▁ven om ous ▁species ▁which ▁the ▁scar let ▁k ings nake ▁res emb les ▁and ▁with ▁which ▁the ▁scar let ▁k ings nake ▁is ▁partly ▁sym pat ric . ▁The ▁range ▁of ▁scar let ▁k ings n akes ▁extends ▁consider ably ▁further ▁north ▁and ▁n ortheast ▁than ▁the ▁eastern ▁cor al ▁s nake . ▁ ▁The ▁scar let ▁k ings nake ▁ ▁was ▁once ▁believed ▁to ▁have ▁inter grad ed ▁with ▁the ▁eastern ▁milk ▁s nake , ▁which ▁produced ▁a ▁variation ▁once ▁named ▁as ▁a ▁sub species ▁called ▁the ▁Coast al ▁Pla ins ▁milk ▁s nake ▁( L . ▁t . ▁tempor alis ), ▁but ▁this ▁is ▁no ▁longer ▁recognized ▁as ▁a ▁legit imate ▁tax on . ▁ ▁Description ▁ ▁Sc ar let ▁k ings n akes ▁have ▁a ▁tr icol ored ▁pattern ▁of ▁black , ▁red , ▁white , ▁and ▁various ▁sh ades ▁of ▁yellow ▁bands ▁that ▁appear ▁to ▁m im ic ▁the ▁ven om ous ▁cor al ▁s nake ▁in ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁B ates ian ▁m im ic ry . ▁A ▁method ▁to ▁help ▁differenti ate ▁between ▁ven om ous ▁and ▁non ven |
om ous ▁tr icol or ▁sn akes ▁in ▁North ▁America ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁popular ▁phr ases ▁" red ▁on ▁yellow , ▁kill ▁a ▁fellow ; ▁red ▁on ▁black , ▁ven om ▁lack ", ▁" red ▁on ▁yellow ' s ▁a ▁dead ly ▁fellow ; ▁yellow ▁on ▁black ' s ▁a ▁friendly ▁Jack ", ▁" if ▁red ▁touch es ▁yellow , ▁you ' re ▁a ▁dead ▁fellow ; ▁if ▁red ▁touch es ▁black , ▁you ' re ▁all ▁right , ▁Jack ", ▁and ▁" red ▁and ▁black ▁is ▁a ▁friend ▁of ▁Jack " ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁" red ▁on ▁black , ▁friend ▁of ▁Jack ; ▁red ▁on ▁yellow , ▁kill ▁a ▁fellow " ▁and ▁" red ▁band ▁near ▁black , ▁ven om ▁lack ; ▁red ▁band ▁near ▁yellow , ▁b ite ▁a ▁fellow ". ▁For ▁tri - color ed ▁sn akes ▁found ▁east ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River , ▁all ▁of ▁these ▁phr ases ▁can ▁be ▁replaced ▁with ▁the ▁simple ▁phrase , ▁" Red ▁face , ▁I ' m ▁safe ", ▁in ▁reference ▁to ▁the ▁red ▁sn out ▁of ▁scar let ▁k ings n akes ▁as ▁opposed ▁to ▁the ▁prominent ▁black ▁sn out ▁of ▁the ▁eastern ▁cor al ▁s nake . ▁ ▁Sc ar let ▁k ings n akes ▁are ▁born ▁with ▁white , ▁black , ▁and ▁red ▁band ing . ▁As ▁they ▁m ature , ▁they ▁develop ▁varying ▁sh ades ▁of ▁yellow ▁within ▁ge ographic ▁areas ▁where ▁this ▁is ▁expressed . ▁In ▁addition , ▁the ▁yellow ing ▁is ▁not ▁uniform , ▁but ▁rather |
▁this ▁p ig ment ation ▁proceed s ▁from ▁l ighter ▁to ▁dark er ▁from ▁the ▁low erm ost ▁scales ▁up ward ▁to ▁the ▁d ors um , ▁or ▁" back ", ▁present ing ▁a ▁multiple ▁yellow ish ▁band . ▁ ▁Early ▁expression ▁of ▁yellow ing ▁appears ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 3 ▁months ▁and ▁continues ▁through ▁the ▁first ▁ 3 ▁years . ▁As ▁adult s ▁age , ▁ ▁a ▁grad ual ▁dark ening ▁of ▁the ▁yellow ish ▁band ing ▁occurs . ▁The ▁yellow ▁p ig ment ation ▁var ies ▁from ▁le mon , ▁to ▁school - bus ▁yellow , ▁to ▁t anger ine , ▁to ▁apr ic ot . ▁ ▁Sc ar let ▁k ings n akes ▁are ▁secret ive , ▁no ct urn al , ▁foss orial ▁sn akes , ▁so ▁are ▁inf re qu ently ▁seen ▁by ▁people . ▁They ▁are ▁excellent ▁clim bers . ▁ ▁They ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁under ne ath ▁the ▁loose ▁b ark ▁on ▁ro tt ing ▁p ines ▁( which ▁is ▁a ▁favorite ▁place ▁for ▁them ▁to ▁hide ▁during ▁spring ▁or ▁during ▁heavy ▁ra ins ), ▁under ▁the ▁b ark ▁on ▁dying ▁or ▁decay ing ▁p ines ▁and ▁their ▁st umps , ▁and ▁decay ing ▁wood , ▁where ▁they ▁h unt ▁for ▁their ▁favorite ▁pre y , ▁small ▁sn akes ▁and ▁l iz ards , ▁especially ▁sk inks . ▁H atch ling ▁scar let ▁k ings n akes ▁show ▁a ▁strong ▁pre dis position ▁for ▁ground ▁sk inks , ▁Sc in cel la ▁later alis , ▁often |
▁to ▁the ▁ex clusion ▁of ▁other ▁pre y ▁items . ▁ ▁In ▁other ▁media ▁ ▁Film ▁A ▁scar let ▁k ings nake ▁is ▁mic row aved ▁by ▁Ken ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁thr iller / action ▁film ▁Sn akes ▁on ▁a ▁Pl ane . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁Con ant , ▁Roger . ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁A ▁Field ▁Guide ▁to ▁Re pt iles ▁and ▁Am ph ib ians ▁of ▁Eastern ▁and ▁Central ▁North ▁America , ▁Second ▁Edition . ▁Boston : ▁H ought on ▁M if fl in . ▁x vi ii ▁+ ▁ 4 2 9 ▁pp . ▁ ▁( hard cover ), ▁ ▁( paper back ). ▁( L am prop elt is ▁tri ang ul um ▁el ap so ides , ▁p . 2 0 9 ▁+ ▁Pl ate ▁ 3 0 ▁+ ▁Map ▁ 1 5 3 .) ▁Hol bro ok , ▁John ▁Edwards . ▁ 1 9 3 6 . ▁North ▁American ▁Her pet ology ; ▁or , ▁A ▁Description ▁of ▁the ▁Re pt iles ▁In hab iting ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁Vol . ▁II . ▁Philadelphia : ▁J . ▁Dob son . ▁ 1 3 0 ▁pp . ▁+ ▁Pl ates ▁I .- ▁XXX . ▁( Col uber ▁el ap so ides , ▁pp . 1 2 3 – 1 2 5 ▁+ ▁Pl ate ▁XX V III .) ▁Schmidt , ▁Karl ▁P .; ▁Davis , ▁D . ▁D w ight . ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁Field |
▁Book ▁of ▁Sn akes ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Canada . ▁New ▁York : ▁G . P . ▁Put nam ' s ▁S ons . ▁ 3 6 5 ▁pp . ▁( L am prop elt is ▁el ap so ides , ▁p . 1 7 3 ▁+ ▁Pl ate ▁ 6 .) ▁Smith , ▁Hob art ▁M .; ▁Bro die , ▁Edmund ▁D ., ▁Jr . ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁Re pt iles ▁of ▁North ▁America : ▁A ▁Guide ▁to ▁Field ▁Ident ification . ▁New ▁York : ▁Golden ▁Press . ▁ 2 4 0 ▁pp . ▁. ▁( L am prop elt is ▁tri ang ul um ▁el ap so ides , ▁pp . 1 8 0 – 1 8 1 .) ▁Wright , ▁Albert ▁Haz en ; ▁Wright , ▁Anna ▁Allen . ▁ 1 9 5 7 . ▁Hand book ▁of ▁Sn akes ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Canada . ▁I th aca ▁and ▁London : ▁Com stock . ▁ 1 , 1 0 5 ▁pp . ▁( in ▁two ▁volumes ) ▁( L am prop elt is ▁d oli ata ▁d oli ata , ▁pp . 3 5 1 – 3 5 5 , ▁Figure ▁ 1 0 6 ▁+ ▁Map ▁ 3 1 ▁on ▁p . 3 3 8 .) ▁ ▁Sc ar let ▁Kings nake ▁Category : S n akes ▁of ▁North ▁America ▁Category : Re pt iles ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Fa una ▁of ▁the ▁S out he astern |
▁United ▁States ▁Category : Re pt iles ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 8 ▁Category : T ax a ▁named ▁by ▁John ▁Edwards ▁Hol bro ok <0x0A> </s> ▁Kan j igan ▁( , ▁also ▁Roman ized ▁as ▁Kan j ī g ā n ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁S ard as ht ▁R ural ▁District , ▁Z ey d un ▁District , ▁Be h bah an ▁County , ▁Kh uz est an ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 9 8 , ▁in ▁ 1 6 ▁families . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Be h bah an ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Steven ▁Anthony ▁Tamb ell ini ▁( born ▁May ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 1 9 5 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Canadian ▁former ▁N HL ▁player ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁general ▁manager ▁for ▁the ▁Ed mont on ▁O ilers , ▁from ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁to ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁He ▁is ▁currently ▁a ▁sc out ▁for ▁the ▁Ana heim ▁D uck s ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁Steve ▁Tamb ell ini ▁played ▁his ▁junior ▁hockey ▁for ▁the ▁L eth bridge ▁Bron cos ▁of ▁the ▁WH L ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 5 – 7 6 ▁season ▁until ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 7 – 7 8 ▁season , ▁where ▁he ▁scored ▁ 1 5 5 ▁goals ▁and ▁not ched ▁ 1 8 1 ▁ass ists ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 ▁games . ▁He ▁would ▁ear |
n ▁the ▁Jim ▁P igg ott ▁Memorial ▁Tro phy ▁as ▁the ▁top ▁ro ok ie ▁in ▁the ▁league ▁for ▁his ▁effort ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 5 – 7 6 ▁season . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁N HL ▁Entry ▁D raft , ▁Tamb ell ini ▁was ▁chosen ▁ 1 5 th ▁overall ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Island ers . ▁He ▁would ▁spend ▁two ▁years ▁with ▁New ▁York , ▁winning ▁a ▁Stanley ▁Cup ▁with ▁them ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁season . ▁He ▁was ▁de alt ▁at ▁the ▁trade ▁dead line ▁the ▁next ▁season ▁along ▁with ▁Ch ico ▁R esch ▁to ▁the ▁Colorado ▁Rock ies ▁in ▁exchange ▁for ▁Mike ▁Mc E wen . ▁He ▁stayed ▁with ▁Colorado ▁for ▁two ▁seasons , ▁including ▁their ▁first ▁season ▁as ▁the ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Dev ils ▁as ▁the ▁franch ise ▁was ▁re located ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁While ▁playing ▁for ▁the ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Dev ils , ▁Tamb ell ini ▁scored ▁the ▁new ▁team ' s ▁first ▁ever ▁hat ▁trick ▁on ▁December ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁in ▁a ▁ 5 - 4 ▁victory ▁over ▁Hart ford . ▁After ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 2 – 8 3 ▁season , ▁Steve ▁was ▁trad ed ▁to ▁the ▁Cal g ary ▁Fl ames . ▁He ▁would ▁remain ▁there ▁for ▁two ▁seasons ▁before ▁signing ▁on ▁as ▁a ▁free ▁agent ▁with ▁the ▁V ancouver ▁Can uck s , ▁where ▁he ▁would ▁round ▁out ▁his ▁N HL ▁career . ▁ ▁He ▁would |
▁go ▁on ▁to ▁play ▁a ▁minor ▁amount ▁of ▁time ▁in ▁both ▁the ▁Swiss ▁Hockey ▁League ▁and ▁the ▁Aust rian ▁Hockey ▁League . ▁ ▁International ▁Play ▁During ▁his ▁career , ▁Steve ▁Tamb ell ini ▁represented ▁Canada ▁on ▁three ▁separate ▁occasions : ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁he ▁played ▁for ▁Team ▁Canada ▁in ▁the ▁World ▁Junior ▁Hockey ▁Championship , ▁winning ▁a ▁bronze ▁medal ▁after ▁scoring ▁two ▁goals ▁and ▁two ▁ass ists . ▁He ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁World ▁Hockey ▁Championship ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁in ▁Cal g ary , ▁Al berta , ▁Canada , ▁where ▁he ▁scored ▁a ▁goal ▁and ▁three ▁ass ists . ▁ ▁After ▁ret irement ▁After ▁his ▁ret irement ▁from ▁hockey , ▁he ▁was ▁h ired ▁by ▁the ▁Can uck s ▁as ▁the ▁Director ▁of ▁Public ▁and ▁Media ▁Rel ations ▁and ▁remained ▁with ▁the ▁franch ise ▁until ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁he ▁would ▁be ▁promoted ▁to ▁Senior ▁Vice ▁President ▁of ▁Hockey ▁Oper ations . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁his ▁position ▁would ▁change ▁again , ▁this ▁time ▁to ▁the ▁Vice ▁President ▁of ▁Player ▁Person nel . ▁In ▁this ▁position ▁he ▁would ▁over see ▁player ▁development ▁and ▁professional ▁player ▁sc out ing , ▁until ▁eventually ▁being ▁named ▁Ass istant ▁General ▁Manager ▁to ▁Dave ▁Non is ▁and ▁to ▁Mike ▁Gill is ▁after ▁Non is ▁was ▁fired ▁by ▁the ▁Can uck s ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁In ▁ |
2 0 0 2 , ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁Director ▁of ▁Player ▁Person nel ▁for ▁the ▁gold ▁medal ▁winning ▁Canadian ▁Olympic ▁Men ' s ▁Ice ▁Hockey ▁Team ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics . ▁He ▁would ▁be ▁reward ed ▁again , ▁being ▁named ▁the ▁Director ▁of ▁Player ▁Person nel ▁for ▁both ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁World ▁Junior ▁Ice ▁Hockey ▁Championships ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁World ▁Cup ▁of ▁Hockey . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁he ▁was ▁induct ed ▁into ▁the ▁British ▁Columbia ▁Hockey ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame . ▁ ▁On ▁July ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁he ▁was ▁named ▁General ▁Manager ▁of ▁the ▁Ed mont on ▁O ilers ▁after ▁the ▁O ilers ▁promoted ▁Kevin ▁L owe ▁to ▁President ▁of ▁Hockey ▁Oper ations . ▁ ▁On ▁April ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁he ▁was ▁fired ▁by ▁the ▁Ed mont on ▁O ilers , ▁and ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁Craig ▁Mac T av ish . ▁The ▁Ana heim ▁D uck s ▁h ired ▁Tamb ell ini ▁as ▁a ▁part - time ▁sc out ▁on ▁November ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁His ▁father , ▁Add ie ▁Tamb ell ini , ▁helped ▁the ▁Tra il ▁Sm oke ▁E aters ▁win ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁World ▁Ice ▁Hockey ▁Championships , ▁the ▁last ▁Canadian ▁amateur ▁team ▁to ▁do ▁so . ▁His ▁oldest ▁son , ▁Jeff ▁Tamb ell ini , ▁was ▁draft |
ed ▁ 2 7 th ▁overall ▁by ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Kings ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁N HL ▁Entry ▁D raft . ▁Jeff ▁is ▁now ▁following ▁in ▁his ▁grand f athers ▁foot ▁steps ▁becoming ▁the ▁Head ▁Co ach ▁and ▁General ▁Manager ▁of ▁the ▁Tra il ▁Sm oke ▁E aters ▁of ▁the ▁B CH L ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁His ▁young est ▁son ▁Adam ▁Tamb ell ini , ▁was ▁draft ed ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁R angers ▁ 6 5 th ▁overall ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁N HL ▁D raft ▁and ▁currently ▁plays ▁for ▁the ▁A HL ▁affili ate ▁of ▁the ▁Ott awa ▁Sen ators , ▁the ▁Belle ville ▁Sen ators . ▁ ▁Career ▁statistics ▁ ▁Reg ular ▁season ▁and ▁play offs ▁ ▁International ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : A na heim ▁D uck s ▁sc outs ▁Category : Cal g ary ▁Fl ames ▁players ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁ice ▁hockey ▁cent res ▁Category : Color ado ▁Rock ies ▁( N HL ) ▁players ▁Category : Ed mont on ▁O ilers ▁execut ives ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁people ▁from ▁British ▁Columbia ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁players ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : L eth bridge ▁Bron cos ▁players ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : National ▁Hockey ▁League ▁first ▁round ▁draft ▁pick s ▁Category : New ▁Jersey ▁Dev ils ▁players ▁Category : New ▁York ▁Island ers ▁draft |
▁pick s ▁Category : New ▁York ▁Island ers ▁players ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁ice ▁hockey ▁players ▁of ▁Canada ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Tra il , ▁British ▁Columbia ▁Category : St an ley ▁Cup ▁champions ▁Category : V ancouver ▁Can uck s ▁execut ives ▁Category : V ancouver ▁Can uck s ▁players ▁Category : V ancouver ▁Can uck s ▁sc outs <0x0A> </s> ▁Ged ros ia ▁is ▁a ▁dry , ▁mountain ous ▁country ▁along ▁the ▁north western ▁sh ores ▁of ▁the ▁Indian ▁Ocean . ▁It ▁was ▁occupied ▁in ▁the ▁Bron ze ▁Age ▁by ▁people ▁who ▁settled ▁in ▁the ▁few ▁o ases ▁in ▁the ▁region . ▁Other ▁people ▁settled ▁on ▁the ▁coast ▁and ▁became ▁known ▁in ▁Greek ▁as ▁Ich thy oph agi . ▁ ▁The ▁country ▁was ▁conquer ed ▁by ▁the ▁Pers ian ▁king ▁C yrus ▁the ▁Great ▁( 5 5 9 - 5 3 0 ▁B CE ), ▁although ▁information ▁about ▁his ▁campaign ▁is ▁compar atively ▁late . ▁The ▁capital ▁of ▁Ged ros ia ▁was ▁P ura , ▁which ▁is ▁probably ▁identical ▁to ▁modern ▁B amp û r , ▁forty ▁kilom eters ▁west ▁of ▁Ir ân sh ahr . ▁ ▁Ged ros ia ▁became ▁famous ▁in ▁Europe ▁when ▁the ▁Mac ed onian ▁king ▁Alexander ▁the ▁Great ▁tried ▁to ▁cross ▁the ▁Ged ros ian ▁desert ▁and ▁lost ▁one ▁third ▁of ▁his ▁men . ▁ ▁Several ▁sch ol ars ▁have ▁argued ▁that ▁the ▁Pers ian ▁sat ra py ▁M aka ▁is ▁identical ▁to ▁Ged ros ia ▁( which ▁is ▁a ▁Greek ▁name ). |
▁One ▁argument ▁is ▁the ▁similarity ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁M aka ▁to ▁the ▁modern ▁name ▁Mak ran , ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁Pakistan ▁and ▁Iran ▁that ▁is ▁situated ▁a ▁bit ▁more ▁to ▁the ▁east . ▁However , ▁it ▁is ▁more ▁likely ▁that ▁M aka ▁is ▁to ▁be ▁sought ▁in ▁modern ▁O man , ▁which ▁was ▁called ▁Mak eta ▁in ▁Anti qu ity . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Par atan ▁( s atra py ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : A cha emen id ▁sat rap ies <0x0A> </s> ▁Mik h ail ▁Ivan ov ▁( born ▁ 1 8 ▁April ▁ 1 9 5 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Russian ▁former ▁water ▁pol o ▁player ▁who ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Russ ian ▁male ▁water ▁pol o ▁players ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁water ▁pol o ▁players ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁Category : W ater ▁pol o ▁players ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : W ater ▁pol o ▁players ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁gold ▁medal ists ▁for ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁bronze ▁medal ists ▁for ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁medal ists ▁in ▁water ▁pol o ▁Category : Med al ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category |
: Med al ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁Summer ▁Olympics <0x0A> </s> ▁Ben ▁Bag - Bag ▁( , ▁literally , ▁son ▁of ▁Bag - Bag ) ▁was ▁a ▁rabb in ic ▁s age ▁and ▁dis ci ple ▁of ▁H ille l ▁the ▁E lder ▁during ▁the ▁late ▁Zug ot ▁or ▁early ▁T ann ait ic ▁period . ▁As ide ▁from ▁a ▁single ▁maxim ▁quoted ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁M ish na ▁Av ot ▁( P ir ke i ▁Av ot ▁chapter ▁ 5 ) ▁he ▁is ▁not ▁mentioned . ▁There ▁he ▁says , ▁Turn ▁it , ▁and ▁turn ▁it , ▁for ▁everything ▁is ▁in ▁it . ▁Ref lect ▁on ▁it ▁and ▁grow ▁old ▁and ▁gray ▁with ▁it . ▁Don ' t ▁turn ▁from ▁it , ▁for ▁nothing ▁is ▁better ▁than ▁it . ▁This ▁maxim ▁is ▁followed ▁by ▁that ▁of ▁another ▁s age , ▁ben ▁H ai - H ai ▁( ). ▁Some ▁considered ▁ben ▁Bag - Bag ▁and ▁ben ▁H ai - H ai ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁same ▁person . ▁ ▁A ▁tradition ▁recorded ▁by ▁T os af os ▁in ▁Ch ag ig ah ▁ 9 b ▁has ▁it ▁that ▁both ▁ben ▁Bag - Bag ▁and ▁ben ▁H ai - H ai ▁were ▁converts ▁to ▁J uda ism ▁( ger im ). ▁Some ▁spec ulate ▁that ▁their ▁unusual ▁names ▁hid ▁the ▁true ▁ident ities ▁of ▁ger im ▁per sec uted ▁by ▁Roman ▁authorities ▁during ▁the ▁Roman ▁occupation ▁of ▁the ▁Land ▁of ▁Israel . ▁Another ▁Rab bin ic ▁tradition ▁holds ▁that |
▁ben ▁Bag - Bag ▁was ▁the ▁person ▁( s ometimes ▁described ▁as ▁a ▁Roman ▁soldier ) ▁who ▁in ▁a ▁tale ▁of ▁Sh amma i ▁and ▁H ille l ▁requests ▁the ▁s ages ▁to ▁teach ▁him ▁the ▁whole ▁Tor ah ▁while ▁standing ▁on ▁one ▁foot . ▁ ▁Some ▁would ▁also ▁identify ▁ben ▁Bag - Bag ▁with ▁Y o ḥ an an ▁ben ▁Bag - Bag ▁( ), ▁a ▁t anna ▁mentioned ▁several ▁times ▁in ▁the ▁Tal m ud . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M ish nah ▁rabb is ▁Category : P ir ke i ▁Av ot ▁rabb is ▁Category : Con ver ts ▁to ▁J uda ism <0x0A> </s> ▁Harry ▁Sid ney ▁Nich ols ▁( 1 4 ▁August ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁– ▁ 3 0 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 1 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁publish er ▁of ▁er ot ica . ▁ ▁Nich ols ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Wort ley , ▁Le eds , ▁York shire , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁glass ▁merchant ▁William ▁Nich ols ▁and ▁his ▁wife , ▁Mary ▁Hart ley ▁Nich ols . ▁He ▁went ▁into ▁business ▁as ▁anti qu arian ▁book ▁deal er , ▁but ▁he ▁made ▁his ▁fortune ▁as ▁a ▁She ff ield ▁publish er ▁and ▁printer ▁of ▁high - end ▁er ot ica ▁in ▁partners hip ▁with ▁Leonard ▁Smith ers ▁which ▁included ▁such ▁works ▁as ▁Sir ▁Richard ▁Francis ▁Bur ton ' s ▁translation ▁of ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁One ▁Th ous and ▁and ▁One ▁N ights . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁they ▁formed ▁the ▁E |
rot ika ▁Bib l ion ▁Society , ▁for ▁which ▁Smith ers ▁acted ▁as ▁printer . ▁ ▁Under ▁threat ▁of ▁arrest ▁under ▁strict ▁Victor ian ▁por n ography ▁laws , ▁Nich ols ▁went ▁into ▁ex ile ▁in ▁Paris ▁from ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 0 8 , ▁publishing ▁by ▁mail - order ▁to ▁England . ▁▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 8 , ▁Nich ols , ▁being ▁threatened ▁with ▁extr ad ition ▁to ▁England , ▁migr ated ▁to ▁St am ford , ▁Connecticut , ▁New ▁York ▁City . ▁His ▁mist ress , ▁An nie , ▁pre gn ant ▁with ▁tw in ▁daughters , ▁A ime e ▁and ▁Mar cia , ▁followed ▁him ▁shortly . ▁Nich ols ▁continued ▁to ▁publish ▁er ot ica ▁until ▁ 1 9 3 9 , ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁committed ▁to ▁Belle vue ▁M ental ▁Hospital , ▁where ▁he ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁James ▁G . ▁Nelson , ▁Publish er ▁to ▁the ▁Dec ad ents : ▁Leonard ▁Smith ers ▁in ▁the ▁Care ers ▁of ▁Be ards ley , ▁Wil de , ▁Dow son , ▁Riv end ale ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁The ▁Book ▁of ▁the ▁Th ous and ▁N ights ▁and ▁a ▁Night ▁Vol ▁VI ▁translated ▁by ▁Richard ▁F . ▁Bur ton ▁on ▁The ▁Internet ▁Archive . ▁ ▁Category : Book ▁publishing ▁companies ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : B rit ish ▁book ▁publish ers ▁( people ) ▁Category |
: 1 8 6 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 4 1 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Wort ley , ▁Le eds ▁Category : B rit ish ▁exp atri ates ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : B rit ish ▁exp atri ates ▁in ▁France <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁A ti wa ▁District ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁twenty - one ▁( 2 1 ) ▁districts ▁of ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Region ▁of ▁south ▁Gh ana . ▁The ▁capital ▁is ▁K w ab eng . ▁ ▁History ▁A ti wa ▁district ▁was ▁car ved ▁out ▁of ▁what ▁is ▁now ▁the ▁East ▁Ak im ▁Municipal ▁district ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁by ▁the ▁N PP ▁K uf u or ▁government . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁settlement s ▁ ▁Foot notes ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : D istrict s ▁of ▁Gh ana ▁Category : D istrict s ▁of ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Region ▁( G h ana ) ▁Category : St ates ▁and ▁territ ories ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁Category : 2 0 0 4 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Gh ana <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁S eta i ▁Hotel ▁and ▁Res id ences , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁The ▁S eta i ▁Miami ▁Beach ▁and ▁The ▁S eta i ▁South ▁Beach , ▁is ▁a ▁high ▁rise ▁lux ury ▁hotel ▁and ▁cond omin ium ▁located ▁in ▁South ▁Beach , ▁Miami ▁Beach , ▁Florida . ▁The ▁building ▁has ▁ 3 8 ▁flo ors ▁and ▁is ▁ 1 1 7 . 5 ▁meters ▁tall , ▁making ▁it ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁tall est |
▁buildings ▁in ▁Miami ▁Beach . ▁The ▁hotel , ▁designed ▁by ▁Jean - Mich el ▁G ath y , ▁includes ▁a ▁recording ▁studio ▁and ▁a ▁ ▁pent house ▁that ▁includes ▁a ▁ro o ft op ▁pool ▁and ▁j ac uz zi . ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Res ident ial ▁sk ys c rap ers ▁in ▁Miami ▁Beach , ▁Florida ▁Category : Sk ys cra per ▁hot els ▁in ▁Miami ▁Beach , ▁Florida ▁Category : 2 0 0 4 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Florida ▁Category : Res ident ial ▁buildings ▁completed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁Category : Hot els ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 <0x0A> </s> ▁Bas com ▁S ine ▁De aver ▁( Nov ember ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁– ▁October ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 4 ) ▁was ▁a ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Judge ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁of ▁Georgia . ▁ ▁Education ▁and ▁career ▁ ▁Born ▁in ▁Union ▁County , ▁Georgia , ▁De aver ▁received ▁an ▁Art ium ▁Bac cala ure us ▁from ▁Mer cer ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁and ▁a ▁Bach elor ▁of ▁La ws ▁from ▁Mer cer ▁University ▁School ▁of ▁Law ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 0 . ▁He ▁was ▁in ▁private ▁practice ▁in ▁Ma con , ▁Georgia ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 2 . ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁Ass istant ▁United ▁States ▁Att orney ▁of ▁the ▁Southern ▁District ▁of ▁Georgia ▁from ▁ 1 |
9 2 2 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 6 , ▁and ▁then ▁was ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Att orney ▁for ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁of ▁Georgia ▁from ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 8 . ▁ ▁Federal ▁jud icial ▁service ▁ ▁De aver ▁was ▁nominated ▁by ▁President ▁Cal vin ▁C ool idge ▁on ▁March ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 2 8 , ▁to ▁a ▁seat ▁on ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁of ▁Georgia ▁vac ated ▁by ▁Judge ▁William ▁Jos iah ▁T il son . ▁He ▁was ▁confirmed ▁by ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Senate ▁on ▁March ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 1 9 2 8 , ▁and ▁received ▁his ▁commission ▁the ▁same ▁day . ▁His ▁service ▁terminated ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁due ▁to ▁his ▁death . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 4 4 ▁death s ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Att or ne ys ▁for ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁of ▁Georgia ▁Category : J ud ges ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Middle ▁District ▁of ▁Georgia ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁district ▁court ▁jud ges ▁appointed ▁by ▁Cal vin ▁C ool idge ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁jud ges ▁Category : Ass istant ▁United ▁States ▁Att or ne ys ▁Category : Mer cer ▁University ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁Vik tor ▁B ung til u ▁La isk od at ▁( born ▁ 1 |
7 ▁February ▁ 1 9 6 5 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Indones ian ▁politician ▁who ▁is ▁the ▁ 8 th ▁governor ▁of ▁East ▁N usa ▁T eng g ara . ▁ ▁Born ▁in ▁K up ang , ▁he ▁was ▁elected ▁into ▁the ▁Indones ian ▁Parliament , ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Represent ative ▁Council ▁( D ew an ▁Per w ak ilian ▁Rak y at , ▁sometimes ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ) ▁from ▁his ▁home ▁district ▁twice ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁although ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁serve ▁his ▁entire ▁second ▁term ▁because ▁he ▁res igned ▁to ▁run ▁for ▁governor . ▁ ▁Background ▁Vik tor ▁B ung til u ▁La isk od at ▁was ▁born ▁as ▁the ▁last ▁child ▁of ▁Laz arus ▁La isk od at ▁and ▁Or pha ▁La isk od at ▁K ase ▁in ▁O enes u , ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁part ▁of ▁K up ang ▁Reg ency . ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁Protest ant ▁Christian . ▁After ▁comple ting ▁his ▁first ▁ 1 2 ▁years ▁of ▁education ▁at ▁K up ang ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 , ▁he ▁studied ▁law ▁in ▁Jak arta ' s ▁Indones ian ▁Law ▁Institute ▁( S ek ol ah ▁T ing gi ▁Il mu ▁H uk um ▁Indones ia ), ▁getting ▁his ▁b ach el ors ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁he ▁graduated ▁from ▁Sat ya ▁W ac ana ▁Christian ▁University ▁in ▁Sal at iga , ▁ear ning |
▁a ▁master ' s ▁degree ▁in ▁development ▁studies . ▁ ▁Career ▁After ▁gradu ating , ▁La isk od at ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁lawyer ▁and ▁law ▁consult ant , ▁ow ning ▁his ▁own ▁law ▁firm ▁( V ik tor ▁B . ▁La isk od at ▁Law ▁F irm ). ▁He ▁also ▁became ▁commission er ▁at ▁several ▁companies . ▁ ▁Parliament ▁He ▁was ▁first ▁elected ▁to ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Represent ative ▁Council ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Gol kar ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁from ▁the ▁N TT ▁II ▁district , ▁which ▁included ▁Sum ba , ▁Tim or , ▁and ▁surrounding ▁islands . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁gain ▁a ▁seat . ▁However , ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁he ▁ran ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Nas dem ▁Party ▁and ▁won ▁a ▁seat ▁after ▁se cur ing ▁ 7 7 , 5 5 5 ▁votes ▁- ▁third ▁place ▁out ▁of ▁a ▁qu ota ▁of ▁seven . ▁In ▁his ▁second ▁term ▁at ▁the ▁council , ▁he ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁Commission ▁I ▁and ▁also ▁was ▁the ▁speaker ▁of ▁Nas dem ' s ▁fa ction ▁in ▁the ▁parliament . ▁During ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁president ial ▁election , ▁he ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁J oko ▁W id odo ' s ▁campaign ▁team . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁President ▁of ▁Indones ia ▁J oko ▁W id odo ▁released ▁an ▁executive ▁order ▁( Per atur an ▁P emer int ah ▁P eng g anti ▁Und ang - Und |
ang ) ▁allowing ▁the ▁government ▁to ▁dis band ▁mass ▁organizations ▁de emed ▁oppos ing ▁the ▁state ' s ▁ide ology , ▁with ▁opposition ▁parties ▁and ▁several ▁rights ▁organizations ▁condem ning ▁the ▁move . ▁La isk od at ▁def ended ▁the ▁law ▁and ▁attacked ▁the ▁oppos ing ▁parties , ▁calling ▁them ▁" int ol er ant ▁parties ▁which ▁support ▁changing ▁the ▁government ▁form ▁to ▁a ▁k h il af ah " ▁in ▁an ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁speech ▁at ▁K up ang . ▁The ▁parties ▁denied ▁his ▁accus ations ▁and ▁su ed ▁him ▁for ▁def am ation . ▁Due ▁to ▁both ▁imm unity ▁of ▁legisl ators ▁and ▁his ▁g ubern atorial ▁bid ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁g ubern atorial ▁election , ▁the ▁case ▁was ▁delayed . ▁Islam ic ▁groups ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁ 2 1 2 ▁movement ▁later ▁held ▁protest s ▁demand ing ▁his ▁arrest ▁and ▁trial ▁for ▁bl as ph emy . ▁ ▁He ▁res igned ▁from ▁the ▁council ▁to ▁run ▁as ▁governor , ▁and ▁was ▁replaced ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁by ▁Jack i ▁U li . ▁ ▁Governor ▁He ▁ran ▁for ▁governor ship ▁of ▁East ▁N usa ▁T eng g ara ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁election . ▁Pa ired ▁with ▁Josef ▁N ae ▁So i ▁as ▁running ▁mate , ▁he ▁won ▁the ▁four - c andid ate ▁race ▁with ▁ 8 3 8 , 2 1 3 ▁votes ▁( 3 5 . 6 %). ▁La isk od |
at ▁was ▁sw orn ▁in ▁on ▁ 5 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁Im medi ately ▁after ▁being ▁sw orn ▁in , ▁La isk od at ▁announced ▁to ▁media ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁put ▁a ▁mor ator ium ▁on ▁min ing ▁in ▁the ▁province . ▁The ▁mor ator ium ▁was ▁issued ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁but ▁environmental ▁activ ists ▁critic ized ▁the ▁reg ulation ▁for ▁ ▁only ▁susp ending ▁min ing ▁activities ▁in ▁the ▁province ▁to ▁evaluate ▁existing ▁reg ulations , ▁instead ▁of ▁hal ting ▁min ing ▁entirely . ▁ ▁Short ly ▁after ▁he ▁became ▁governor , ▁La isk od at ▁stated ▁his ▁intent ▁to ▁legal ize ▁the ▁bre wing ▁of ▁local ▁alco hol ic ▁be ver ages ▁in ▁the ▁province ▁- ▁namely , ▁Mo ke ▁in ▁Fl ores ▁and ▁S op i ▁in ▁Tim or . ▁The ▁be verage , ▁which ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁called ▁" S oph ia ", ▁was ▁planned ▁to ▁begin ▁production ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁In ▁early ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁his ▁administration ▁announced ▁plans ▁to ▁close ▁Kom odo ▁Island ▁to ▁visitors ▁for ▁a ▁year ▁to ▁allow ▁the ▁government ▁to ▁manage ▁the ▁park ▁better ▁and ▁increase ▁the ▁population ▁of ▁both ▁de er ▁and ▁the ▁l iz ards . ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁it ▁was ▁confirmed ▁that ▁Kom odo ▁Island ▁would ▁be ▁closed ▁for ▁a ▁period ▁to ▁tour ism ▁beginning ▁in ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁to ▁allow ▁a ▁conservation |
▁program ▁to ▁be ▁implemented . ▁ ▁La isk od at ▁has ▁also ▁public ly ▁spoke ▁out ▁in ▁opposition ▁to ▁hal al ▁tour ism ▁in ▁the ▁area , ▁stating ▁that ▁" t our ism ▁has ▁nothing ▁to ▁do ▁with ▁religion ". ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁the ▁provincial ▁government ▁announced ▁its ▁plans ▁to ▁open ▁a ▁provincial ▁trade ▁office ▁in ▁neighbor ing ▁East ▁Tim or . ▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁La isk od at ▁public ly ▁called ▁for ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Communic ation ▁and ▁Information ▁Technology ▁to ▁block ▁access ▁to ▁Facebook ▁in ▁Indones ia , ▁calling ▁for ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁a ▁local ▁social ▁media ▁platform ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁Chinese ▁internet . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 9 - 2 0 ▁coron av irus ▁pan demic , ▁La isk od at ▁agreed ▁to ▁provide ▁quar antine ▁to ▁ 1 7 ▁East ▁Tim or ▁national s ▁returning ▁from ▁China ▁in ▁N TT , ▁as ▁East ▁Tim or ▁had ▁no ▁quar antine ▁facilities ▁and ▁initial ▁requests ▁to ▁quar antine ▁them ▁in ▁B ali ▁had ▁been ▁rejected ▁by ▁B ali ' s ▁administration . ▁As ▁the ▁virus ▁spread ▁in ▁Indones ia , ▁he ▁instruct ed ▁schools ▁to ▁close ▁by ▁ 2 0 ▁March , ▁at ▁which ▁point ▁the ▁province ▁had ▁ 3 8 ▁people ▁under ▁monitoring ▁for ▁the ▁disease . ▁ ▁Family ▁He ▁is ▁married ▁to ▁Jul ie ▁S ut ris no ▁La isk od at , ▁a ▁gradu ate ▁of ▁U T ▁Ar ling ton . ▁The ▁couple ▁has |
▁three ▁sons . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : N as dem ▁Party ▁polit icians ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Represent ative ▁Council , ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Represent ative ▁Council , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁K up ang ▁Category : G overn ors ▁of ▁East ▁N usa ▁T eng g ara ▁Category : Ind ones ian ▁Protest ants <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁L MS ▁I v att ▁Class ▁ 4 ▁ 2 - 6 - 0 ▁is ▁a ▁class ▁of ▁steam ▁locomot ive ▁primarily ▁designed ▁for ▁medium ▁fre ight ▁work ▁but ▁also ▁widely ▁used ▁on ▁secondary ▁passenger ▁services . ▁The ▁London ▁Mid land ▁and ▁Scottish ▁Railway ▁( L MS ) ▁built ▁ 1 6 2 ▁of ▁this ▁type ▁between ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 5 2 , ▁but ▁only ▁three ▁were ▁built ▁by ▁the ▁L MS ▁before ▁national isation ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 . ▁ ▁Design ed ▁by ▁H . G . ▁I v att , ▁they ▁were ▁class ified ▁ 4 F ▁by ▁the ▁L MS ▁and ▁ 4 MT ▁by ▁BR . ▁In ▁BR ▁days ▁they ▁were ▁used ▁extens ively ▁across ▁the ▁system , ▁being ▁pre val ent ▁on ▁the ▁London ▁Mid land ▁region ▁and ▁to ▁a ▁less er ▁extent ▁elsewhere , ▁not ably ▁on ▁the ▁Mid land ▁and ▁Great ▁Northern ▁J oint |
▁Railway , ▁an ▁East ▁Ang li an ▁line ▁that ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁joint ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁L MS ▁and ▁L NER , ▁where ▁they ▁became ▁the ▁dominant ▁locomot ive ▁type . ▁They ▁were ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁a ▁short ▁period ▁on ▁the ▁Som erset ▁and ▁Dor set ▁J oint ▁Railway , ▁but ▁were ▁quickly ▁transferred ▁elsewhere , ▁never ▁to ▁return , ▁because ▁of ▁poor ▁ste aming ▁on ▁the ▁line ' s ▁long ▁and ▁ste ep ▁grad ients ▁– ▁this ▁was ▁before ▁modifications ▁were ▁made ▁to ▁the ▁design ▁which ▁improved ▁ste aming ▁not ably . ▁ ▁Number ing ▁The ▁first ▁three ▁engines ▁were ▁number ed ▁ 3 0 0 0 – 3 0 0 2 ▁by ▁the ▁L MS , ▁but ▁became ▁ 4 3 0 0 0 – 4 3 0 0 2 ▁when ▁ren umber ed ▁by ▁BR ▁– ▁ 4 0 0 0 0 ▁was ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁running ▁number ▁to ▁indicate ▁an ▁ex - L MS ▁locomot ive . ▁The ▁remaining ▁ 1 5 9 , ▁built ▁by ▁BR , ▁continued ▁the ▁number ▁sequence : ▁ 4 3 0 0 3 – 4 3 1 6 1 . ▁Const ruction ▁was ▁divided ▁between ▁different ▁locations , ▁ 7 5 ▁were ▁completed ▁at ▁Hor wich ▁Works , ▁ 5 0 ▁at ▁Don c aster ▁Works ▁and ▁ 3 7 ▁at ▁Dar ling ton ▁Works . ▁The ▁class ▁was ▁also ▁sometimes ▁called ▁m ucky ▁du cks ▁or ▁do od le bug s ▁or ▁even ▁flying ▁p igs . ▁ ▁Design ▁The ▁design ▁was |
▁noted ▁for ▁its ▁American ▁looks ▁– ▁the ▁running - plates ▁were ▁position ed ▁at ▁a ▁high ▁level ▁and ▁a ▁gap ▁left ▁ahead ▁of ▁the ▁cyl ind ers . ▁Because ▁of ▁this ▁many ▁locomot ive ▁enthus iast s ▁considered ▁it ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁u g liest ▁British ▁locomot ive ▁produced , ▁especially ▁those ▁locomot ives ▁out sh o pped ▁with ▁double ▁chim ne ys ▁( the ▁first ▁ 5 0 ▁engines ); ▁however , ▁these ▁gave ▁poor ▁performance ▁and ▁were ▁quickly ▁replaced ▁with ▁single ▁chim ne ys . ▁The ▁locomot ives ▁also ▁incorpor ated ▁new ▁mechanical ▁features ▁intended ▁to ▁reduce ▁maintenance ▁costs . ▁The ▁util itar ian ▁appearance ▁was ▁a ▁deliber ate ▁design ▁decision ▁as ▁there ▁are ▁sketch es ▁which ▁show ▁the ▁locomot ive ▁with ▁conventional ▁cur ved ▁running ▁pl ates . ▁ ▁The ▁BR ▁Standard ▁Class ▁ 4 ▁ 2 - 6 - 0 ▁was ▁based ▁on ▁this ▁design . ▁ ▁Its ▁looks ▁were ▁improved ▁somewhat ▁by ▁the ▁re - design ▁of ▁the ▁outside ▁foot - pl ating , ▁to ▁include ▁a ▁s lop ing ▁plate ▁to ▁fill ▁the ▁gap ▁ahead ▁of ▁the ▁cyl ind ers . ▁ ▁Acc idents ▁and ▁inc idents ▁On ▁ 1 5 ▁November ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁locomot ive ▁No . ▁ 4 3 0 7 2 ▁was ▁ha uling ▁a ▁fre ight ▁train ▁which ▁ran ▁away ▁and ▁crash ed ▁at ▁Ad olph us ▁Street ▁Good s ▁Y ard , ▁Brad ford , ▁York shire . ▁The ▁locomot ive ▁was ▁subsequently ▁scra pped ▁in ▁situ . |
▁ ▁With draw al ▁The ▁class ▁were ▁with dra wn ▁between ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁ ▁Pres ervation ▁ ▁Only ▁one ▁example ▁surv ived ▁into ▁pres ervation , ▁No ▁ 4 3 1 0 6 , ▁the ▁final ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁class ▁in ▁service , ▁which ▁was ▁based ▁at ▁Lost ock ▁Hall ▁dep ot , ▁near ▁Pr eston . ▁Its ▁last ▁oper ational ▁turn ▁was ▁just ▁before ▁E aster ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 8 , ▁but ▁its ▁last ▁turn ▁was ▁interrupted ▁by ▁a ▁der ail ment ▁in ▁Col ne ▁Good s ▁Y ard . ▁Since ▁ 4 3 1 0 6 ▁had ▁already ▁been ▁selected ▁as ▁the ▁best ▁of ▁the ▁remaining ▁small ▁group , ▁a ▁' search ▁party ' ▁was ▁des patch ed ▁on ▁E aster ▁T ues day ▁to ▁survey ▁the ▁damage . ▁It ▁was ▁felt ▁that ▁damage ▁was ▁so ▁minimal ▁the ▁pros pective ▁own ers ▁would ▁investigate ▁the ▁ease ▁of ▁a ▁repair . ▁▁ ▁On ▁its ▁return ▁to ▁Lost ock ▁Hall , ▁the ▁locomot ive ▁was ▁rep a ired ▁by ▁fit ters ▁from ▁Car n for th , ▁that ▁repair ▁exists ▁to ▁this ▁day . ▁However ▁it ▁der a iled ▁again ▁at ▁Lost ock ▁Hall ▁when ▁being ▁prepared ▁for ▁a ▁test ▁run ▁in ▁late ▁July . ▁It ▁was ▁ste amed ▁for ▁the ▁final ▁time ▁by ▁British ▁Rail ways ▁on ▁ 1 ▁August ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁and ▁depart ed ▁at ▁about ▁ 1 5 : 3 0 ▁with ▁one ▁member ▁of |
▁its ▁new ▁ow ning ▁cons ort ium ▁on ▁board . ▁This ▁was ▁only ▁after ▁length y ▁discuss ions ▁to ▁get ▁the ▁locomot ive ▁moved ▁in ▁live ▁steam ▁before ▁ 4 ▁August , ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁steam ▁operation ▁on ▁BR . ▁The ▁journey ▁was ▁carefully ▁rout ed ▁to ▁limit ▁movement ▁' under ▁the ▁w ires ', ▁via ▁F rod sh am , ▁Ch ester ▁and ▁Sh rew s bury . ▁The ▁journey ▁through ▁the ▁West ▁Mid lands ▁continued ▁via ▁Wol ver ham pton ▁High ▁Level ▁towards ▁Bes cot ▁and ▁Ple ck ▁J unction , ▁where ▁after ▁a ▁movement ▁around ▁a ▁tri angular ▁j unction ▁to ▁ensure ▁it ▁arrived ▁the ▁' right ▁way ▁round ' ▁the ▁light ▁engine ▁continued ▁on ▁to ▁St our bridge ▁J unction ▁where ▁it ▁was ▁st abled ▁over night ▁in ▁the ▁exchange ▁sid ings , ▁now ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁extensive ▁car ▁park . ▁On ▁ 2 ▁August ▁it ▁continued ▁on ▁to ▁its ▁new ▁life ▁in ▁pres ervation ▁on ▁the ▁Se vern ▁Valley ▁Railway ▁appearing ▁on ▁the ▁front ▁page ▁of ▁the ▁Sh ro pshire ▁Journal ▁with ▁three ▁of ▁its ▁new ▁own ers ▁giving ▁it ▁a ▁much ▁needed ▁clean . ▁It ▁is ▁affection ately ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁F lying ▁P ig , ▁although ▁many ▁railway men ▁referred ▁to ▁the ▁I v att ▁ 4 s ▁as ▁Do od le bug s . ▁ ▁Between ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁no ▁ 4 3 1 0 6 ▁saw ▁use ▁on ▁the ▁main line ▁ha uling ▁ra ilt ours |
. ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁it ▁attended ▁the ▁Rail ▁ 1 5 0 ▁celebr ations ▁in ▁Sh ild on ▁& ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁it ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁Ro cket ▁ 1 5 0 ▁celebr ations ▁at ▁Rain hill . ▁On ▁a ▁small ▁number ▁of ▁occasions ▁between ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁the ▁engine ▁saw ▁use ▁on ▁a ▁limited ▁number ▁of ▁ra ilt ours , ▁on ▁some ▁occasions ▁double ▁heading ▁with ▁fellow ▁SV R ▁based ▁engines ▁including : ▁ 5 0 0 0 , ▁ 7 8 1 2 ▁Er l esto ke ▁Man or ▁& ▁ 8 0 0 7 9 . ▁ ▁A ▁major ▁over ha ul ▁of ▁the ▁locomot ive ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁it ▁is ▁currently ▁oper ational ▁after ▁having ▁damage ▁rep a ired ▁that ▁it ▁received ▁during ▁a ▁der ail ment ▁at ▁Ham pton ▁Lo ade ▁soon ▁after ▁returning ▁to ▁service . ▁It ▁received ▁further ▁rep airs ▁to ▁the ▁bo iler ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁which ▁included ▁a ▁new ▁bo iler ▁ticket . ▁ ▁Mod els ▁A ▁O O ▁gauge ▁model ▁of ▁ 4 3 1 0 6 ▁is ▁produced ▁by ▁Bach mann ▁Branch line , ▁who ▁also ▁produce ▁many ▁other ▁models ▁of ▁the ▁Class ▁ 4 , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁L MS ▁I v att ▁Class ▁ 2 ▁ 2 - 6 - 0 ▁and ▁L MS ▁I v att ▁Class ▁ 2 ▁ 2 - 6 - |
2 T . ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 4 ▁I v att ▁Class ▁ 4 ▁Category : 2 - 6 - 0 ▁locomot ives ▁Category : Pres erved ▁London , ▁Mid land ▁and ▁Scottish ▁Railway ▁steam ▁locomot ives ▁Category : R ail way ▁locomot ives ▁introduced ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁Category : Standard ▁gauge ▁steam ▁locomot ives ▁of ▁Great ▁Britain <0x0A> </s> ▁La ▁Belle ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁Robert ▁de ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁four ▁ships ▁when ▁he ▁expl ored ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁with ▁the ▁ill - f ated ▁mission ▁of ▁starting ▁a ▁French ▁col ony ▁at ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 5 . ▁ ▁La ▁Belle ▁was ▁w reck ed ▁in ▁present - day ▁Mat ag ord a ▁Bay ▁the ▁following ▁year , ▁do oming ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁Texas ▁col ony ▁to ▁failure . ▁ ▁The ▁w reck age ▁of ▁La ▁Belle ▁lay ▁forgotten ▁until ▁it ▁was ▁discovered ▁by ▁a ▁team ▁of ▁state ▁arch ae olog ists ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁ ▁The ▁discovery ▁of ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁flags hip ▁was ▁regarded ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁arch ae ological ▁finds ▁of ▁the ▁century ▁in ▁Texas , ▁and ▁a ▁major ▁exc av ation ▁was ▁launched ▁by ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Texas ▁that , ▁over ▁a ▁period ▁of ▁about ▁a ▁year , ▁recovered ▁the ▁entire ▁ship w reck ▁and ▁over ▁a ▁million ▁artifact s . ▁ ▁Historical ▁background ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 |
7 th ▁century , ▁much ▁of ▁North ▁America ▁had ▁been ▁claimed ▁by ▁European ▁countries . ▁ ▁Spain ▁claimed ▁Florida , ▁and ▁New ▁Spain ▁included ▁both ▁today ' s ▁Mexico ▁and ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁south western ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁continent . ▁The ▁northern ▁Atlantic ▁coast ▁was ▁claimed ▁by ▁Britain , ▁and ▁New ▁France ▁included ▁much ▁of ▁what ▁is ▁now ▁Canada ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁Illinois ▁Country . ▁ ▁France ▁fe ared ▁that ▁their ▁colon ies ▁in ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁continent ▁were ▁vulner able ▁to ▁potential ▁attacks ▁from ▁their ▁neighb ors . ▁In ▁ 1 6 8 1 , ▁French ▁no blem an ▁René - Ro bert ▁C avel ier , ▁Sie ur ▁de ▁La ▁S alle , ▁launched ▁an ▁expedition ▁down ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁from ▁New ▁France , ▁expecting ▁to ▁find ▁a ▁path ▁to ▁the ▁Pacific ▁Ocean . ▁Instead , ▁La ▁S alle ▁found ▁a ▁route ▁to ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico . ▁ ▁Although ▁Hern ando ▁de ▁S oto ▁had ▁expl ored ▁and ▁claimed ▁this ▁area ▁for ▁Spain ▁ 1 4 0 year s ▁before , ▁on ▁April ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 6 8 2 ▁La ▁S alle ▁claimed ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁valley ▁for ▁the ▁French ▁king , ▁Louis ▁XIV , ▁naming ▁the ▁territory ▁Louisiana ▁in ▁his ▁honor . ▁ ▁La ▁S alle ▁knew ▁that ▁French ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁would ▁split ▁Spanish ▁Florida ▁from ▁New ▁Spain , ▁and ▁he ▁believed ▁that ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁was ▁near ▁the ▁edge ▁of ▁New ▁Spain . ▁On ▁his ▁return ▁to ▁France ▁in ▁ |
1 6 8 3 , ▁La ▁S alle ▁argued ▁that ▁a ▁small ▁number ▁of ▁French men ▁could ▁successfully ▁in va de ▁New ▁Spain ▁by ▁re lying ▁on ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁ 1 5 , 0 0 0 Ind ians ▁who ▁were ▁angry ▁over ▁Spanish ▁ens lav ement . ▁This ▁had ▁been ▁suggested ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 1 6 7 8 ▁by ▁Diego ▁de ▁Pen al osa , ▁the ▁former ▁governor ▁of ▁New ▁Mexico ▁who ▁had ▁fled ▁to ▁France ▁after ▁being ▁target ed ▁by ▁the ▁In quisition . ▁La ▁S alle ▁proposed ▁establish ing ▁a ▁col ony ▁at ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi , ▁providing ▁a ▁base ▁for ▁prom oting ▁Christian ity ▁among ▁the ▁native ▁pe op les ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁a ▁convenient ▁location ▁for ▁attack ing ▁Nueva ▁V iz c aya ▁and ▁gain ing ▁control ▁of ▁its ▁luc r ative ▁silver ▁mines . ▁After ▁Spain ▁declared ▁war ▁on ▁France ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 6 8 3 , ▁Louis ▁agreed ▁to ▁back ▁La ▁S alle , ▁ ▁whose ▁official ▁duties ▁now ▁included ▁" confirm ing ▁the ▁Indians ' ▁alleg iance ▁to ▁the ▁crown , ▁leading ▁them ▁to ▁the ▁true ▁faith , ▁and ▁maintain ing ▁inter t rib al ▁peace ". ▁ ▁Const ruction ▁ ▁La ▁S alle ▁originally ▁intended ▁to ▁sail ▁to ▁New ▁France , ▁journey ▁over land ▁to ▁the ▁Illinois ▁Country , ▁and ▁then ▁sail ▁down ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁to ▁its ▁mouth , ▁where ▁he ▁would ▁plant ▁his ▁col ony . ▁ ▁To ▁carry ▁his ▁supplies , ▁he ▁would ▁need ▁a ▁large |
▁ship ▁to ▁traverse ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean ▁and ▁a ▁smaller ▁one ▁to ▁transport ▁the ▁supplies ▁from ▁Illinois ▁to ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico . ▁ ▁Louis ▁XIV ▁gave ▁La ▁S alle ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁two ▁ships , ▁Le ▁J oly ▁and ▁La ▁Belle . ▁ ▁Origin ally , ▁La ▁Belle ▁was ▁built ▁as ▁a ▁k it , ▁with ▁the ▁ship ▁frames ▁assigned ▁to ▁one ▁of ▁four ▁quadr ants ▁and ▁number ed ▁sequ entially ▁so ▁that ▁the ▁pieces ▁could ▁be ▁assemble d ▁later . ▁ ▁The ▁pieces ▁were ▁intended ▁to ▁be ▁loaded ▁onto ▁Le ▁J oly ▁for ▁transport ▁to ▁North ▁America , ▁and ▁then ▁would ▁be ▁carried ▁over land ▁to ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River . ▁ ▁At ▁that ▁point , ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁men ▁would ▁assemble ▁the ▁ship , ▁and ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁carry ▁the ▁supplies ▁to ▁their ▁final ▁destination . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁king ' s ▁ur ging , ▁the ▁expedition ▁chose ▁instead ▁to ▁sail ▁directly ▁to ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁rather ▁than ▁to ▁New ▁France , ▁elimin ating ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁a ▁ship ▁to ▁be ▁built ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁World . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁J oly ▁was ▁already ▁heavily ▁l aden , ▁La ▁S alle ▁decided ▁that ▁the ▁ship ▁should ▁be ▁assemble d ▁in ▁France ▁and ▁sa iled ▁across ▁the ▁ocean . ▁ ▁Although ▁there ▁were ▁some ▁questions ▁as ▁to ▁whether ▁the ▁ship ▁would ▁surv ive ▁an ▁ocean ▁crossing , ▁it ▁was ▁never theless ▁assemble d ▁in ▁France ▁in ▁less ▁than ▁two month s ▁and ▁prepared ▁for ▁its |
▁journey . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 7 th ▁century , ▁the ▁French ▁ship building ▁industry ▁had ▁st agn ated . ▁ ▁In ▁an ▁effort ▁to ▁" inv ig or ate " ▁the ▁industry , ▁ ▁Secretary ▁of ▁State ▁of ▁the ▁Navy , ▁Jean - B apt iste ▁Col bert , ▁brought ▁ship build ers ▁trained ▁in ▁the ▁Mediter rane an ▁methods ▁of ▁ship building ▁to ▁Ro che fort , ▁where ▁the ▁industry ▁primarily ▁used ▁what ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁ship building ▁method . ▁ ▁One ▁of ▁these ▁trans pl anted ▁ship w right s ▁was ▁Honor é ▁Mal let , ▁who ▁had ▁been ▁raised ▁in ▁Toul on ▁in ▁the ▁south ▁of ▁France . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁official ▁order ▁author izing ▁the ▁building ▁of ▁La ▁Belle , ▁Mal let ▁was ▁listed ▁as ▁the ▁master ▁ship builder , ▁and ▁his ▁son - in - law , ▁Pierre ▁Mass on , ▁was ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁ship ▁design . ▁ ▁La ▁Belle ▁was ▁a ▁bar que - long ue , ▁with ▁three ▁m asts ▁and ▁a ▁relatively ▁shall ow ▁draft ▁of ▁about ▁. ▁ ▁Her ▁beam ▁was ▁officially ▁, ▁and ▁she ▁was ▁ ▁long ▁with ▁a ▁cargo ▁capacity ▁of ▁ 4 0 – 4 5 ▁tons . ▁ ▁The ▁ship ▁was ▁designed ▁to ▁be ▁highly ▁man eu ver able , ▁with ▁the ▁main m ast ▁and ▁for em ast ▁holding ▁two s ails ▁each , ▁while ▁the ▁m iz zen m ast ▁supported ▁a ▁single ▁tri angular ▁sail , ▁and ▁another ▁small ▁square |
▁sail ▁hung ▁from ▁the ▁b ows prit . ▁ ▁Vo y age ▁ ▁On ▁July ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 1 6 8 4 , ▁La ▁S alle ▁left ▁La ▁Ro ch elle ▁with ▁four ▁ships : ▁the ▁ 3 6 - gun ▁man - of - war ▁Le ▁J oly , ▁the ▁ 3 0 0 - ton st ores hip ▁L ' A im able , ▁the ▁bar que ▁La ▁Belle , ▁and ▁the ▁k etch ▁St . ▁Franco is . ▁The ▁ships ▁carried ▁almost ▁ 3 0 0 people , ▁including ▁ 1 0 0 s old iers , ▁six mission aries , ▁eight mer ch ants , ▁over ▁a ▁dozen ▁women ▁and ▁children , ▁and ▁art is ans ▁and ▁craft s men . ▁ ▁The ▁St . ▁Franco is ▁and ▁its ▁full ▁load ▁of ▁supplies , ▁prov isions , ▁and ▁tools ▁for ▁the ▁col ony ▁was ▁captured ▁by ▁Spanish ▁private ers ▁in ▁Santo ▁Dom ingo . ▁ ▁In ▁late ▁November ▁ 1 6 8 4 , ▁the ▁three ▁remaining ▁ships ▁continued ▁their ▁search ▁for ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁delta . ▁ ▁Before ▁they ▁left , ▁local ▁sail ors ▁war ned ▁them ▁that ▁the ▁G ulf ▁curr ents ▁flow ed ▁east , ▁and ▁would ▁carry ▁the ▁ships ▁toward ▁the ▁Florida ▁stra its ▁unless ▁they ▁corrected ▁for ▁it . ▁On ▁December ▁ 1 8 , ▁the ▁ships ▁reached ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁and ▁entered ▁waters ▁that ▁Spain ▁claimed ▁as ▁their ▁sole ▁territory . ▁None ▁of ▁the |
▁members ▁of ▁the ▁expedition ▁had ▁ever ▁been ▁in ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁or ▁knew ▁how ▁to ▁navigate ▁it . ▁The ▁expedition ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁unable ▁to ▁find ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁due ▁to ▁a ▁combination ▁of ▁in ac cur ate ▁maps , ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁previous ▁mis calcul ation ▁of ▁the ▁latitude ▁of ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River , ▁and ▁over correct ing ▁for ▁the ▁curr ents . ▁Instead , ▁they ▁land ed ▁at ▁Mat ag ord a ▁Bay ▁in ▁Spanish ▁Texas ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 6 8 5 , ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi . ▁ ▁Although ▁La ▁Belle ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁easily ▁navigate ▁the ▁pass ▁into ▁the ▁Bay , ▁the ▁A im able ▁was ▁ground ed ▁on ▁a ▁sand bar . ▁A ▁bad ▁storm ▁prevent ed ▁them ▁from ▁recover ing ▁more ▁than ▁food , ▁can n ons , ▁pow der , ▁and ▁a ▁small ▁amount ▁of ▁the ▁mer ch and ise ▁from ▁the ▁ship , ▁and ▁by ▁March ▁ 7 ▁she ▁had ▁s unk . ▁ ▁Beau je u , ▁having ▁ful filled ▁his ▁mission ▁in ▁esc ort ing ▁them , ▁returned ▁to ▁France ▁ab o ard ▁the ▁J oly ▁in ▁mid - M arch , ▁leaving ▁La ▁Belle ▁the ▁only ▁ship ▁available ▁to ▁the ▁remaining ▁sett lers . ▁ ▁La ▁S alle ▁chose ▁to ▁establish ▁Fort ▁Saint ▁Louis ▁on ▁a ▁bl uff ▁over looking ▁Garc itas ▁Creek , ▁ 5 0 m iles ▁( 8 0 km ) ▁from ▁their ▁initial ▁cam ps ite . ▁ |
▁With ▁their ▁permanent ▁camp ▁established , ▁the ▁colon ists ▁took ▁several ▁short ▁tri ps ▁within ▁the ▁next ▁few ▁months ▁to ▁further ▁explore ▁their ▁surr ound ings . ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁October ▁La ▁S alle ▁decided ▁to ▁undert ake ▁a ▁longer ▁expedition ▁and ▁re loaded ▁the ▁La ▁Belle ▁with ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁remaining ▁supplies . ▁He ▁took ▁ 5 0 men , ▁plus ▁the ▁La ▁Belle ' s ▁crew ▁of ▁ 2 7 s ail ors , ▁leaving ▁behind ▁ 3 4 ▁men , ▁women , ▁and ▁children . ▁The ▁bulk ▁of ▁the ▁men ▁tra ve led ▁with ▁La ▁S alle ▁in ▁can o es , ▁while ▁the ▁La ▁Belle ▁followed ▁further ▁off ▁the ▁coast . ▁Several ▁of ▁the ▁men , ▁including ▁the ▁captain ▁of ▁the ▁La ▁Belle , ▁Can il ▁Mar aud , ▁died ▁on ▁this ▁expedition ▁from ▁e ating ▁pr ick ly ▁p ear . ▁So on ▁after , ▁the ▁Kar ank awa ▁killed ▁a ▁small ▁group ▁of ▁the ▁men , ▁including ▁the ▁new ▁captain ▁of ▁La ▁Belle , ▁former ▁pilot ▁Eli ▁Rich aud , ▁who ▁had ▁camp ed ▁on ▁the ▁shore ▁at ▁night . ▁In ▁January ▁ 1 6 8 6 , ▁La ▁S alle ▁left ▁the ▁ship ▁ ▁from ▁Fort ▁Saint ▁Louis . ▁ ▁La ▁S alle ▁took ▁ 2 0 men ▁with ▁him ▁to ▁travel ▁over land ▁to ▁reach ▁the ▁Mississippi , ▁leaving ▁Pierre ▁T ess ier , ▁the ▁former ▁second ▁in ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁La ▁Belle , ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁the ▁ship . ▁After |
▁three month s ▁of ▁searching ▁over land , ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁group ▁returned , ▁but ▁were ▁unable ▁to ▁find ▁the ▁La ▁Belle ▁where ▁they ▁had ▁left ▁her ▁and ▁were ▁forced ▁to ▁walk ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁fort . ▁ ▁L oss ▁While ▁La ▁S alle ▁was ▁gone , ▁the ▁ship ▁began ▁to ▁run ▁low ▁of ▁drink ing ▁water . ▁T ess ier ▁sent ▁the ▁five ▁best ▁sail ors ▁ash ore ▁in ▁the ▁La ▁B elles ▁only ▁long bo at ▁to ▁search ▁for ▁water . ▁The ▁men ▁were ▁seen ▁struggling ▁against ▁a ▁strong ▁wind ▁to ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁ship ▁as ▁night ▁fell , ▁and ▁were ▁pres umed ▁lost ▁when ▁the ▁long bo at ▁never ▁arrived ▁at ▁the ▁ship . ▁The ▁remaining ▁sail ors ▁d rank ▁wine ▁in ▁place ▁of ▁water , ▁but ▁the ▁alco hol ▁further ▁de h yd r ated ▁them , ▁and ▁several ▁died . ▁ ▁T ess ier ▁finally ▁decided ▁that ▁the ▁ship ▁must ▁return ▁to ▁Fort ▁Saint ▁Louis ▁for ▁more ▁supplies . ▁As ▁they ▁got ▁under way , ▁a ▁cold ▁front ▁ble w ▁in . ▁Since ▁the ▁remaining ▁crew members ▁were ▁un sk illed , ▁they ▁were ▁unable ▁to ▁keep ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁ship , ▁and ▁because ▁they ▁had ▁lost ▁their ▁second ▁anchor , ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁way ▁to ▁stop ▁the ▁ship ▁from ▁dr ifting ▁in ▁the ▁wind . ▁ ▁Within ▁a ▁short ▁amount ▁of ▁time , ▁the ▁La ▁Belle ▁had ▁run ▁a ground ▁at ▁the ▁southern ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁bay , ▁approximately ▁a ▁quarter ▁of ▁a ▁mile |
▁( 4 0 0 ▁m ) ▁from ▁shore . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁storm ▁had ▁ab ated , ▁the ▁men ▁built ▁a ▁ra ft ▁from ▁pl anks ▁and ▁bar rel s ▁and ▁sent ▁two ▁men ▁to ▁shore . ▁The ▁ra ft ▁broke ▁up ▁in ▁the ▁waves , ▁and ▁both ▁men ▁d rown ed . ▁After ▁making ▁a ▁second , ▁more ▁solid , ▁ra ft , ▁the ▁others ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁make ▁it ▁safely ▁to ▁shore . ▁Over ▁the ▁next ▁few ▁days ▁they ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁ship ▁daily ▁to ▁retrieve ▁cargo , ▁man aging ▁to ▁salv age ▁some ▁of ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁papers ▁and ▁clothes , ▁bar rel s ▁of ▁fl our , ▁c ask s ▁of ▁wine , ▁glass ▁be ads , ▁and ▁other ▁trade ▁items . ▁Before ▁long , ▁however , ▁a ▁strong ▁sou ther ly ▁wind ▁drove ▁the ▁h ull ▁into ▁the ▁mud dy ▁bottom , ▁and ▁soon ▁only ▁the ▁rear ▁deck ▁remained ▁above ▁water . ▁Of ▁the ▁ 2 7 people ▁originally ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁ship , ▁the ▁only ▁surv iv ors ▁were ▁T ess ier , ▁a ▁priest , ▁a ▁military ▁officer , ▁a ▁regular ▁soldier , ▁a ▁servant ▁girl , ▁and ▁a ▁small ▁boy . ▁They ▁remained ▁on ▁the ▁pen ins ula ▁for ▁three ▁months , ▁as ▁the ▁only ▁way ▁to ▁the ▁fort ▁was ▁to ▁walk ▁through ▁Kar ank awa ▁territory . ▁ ▁After ▁a ▁small ▁Indian ▁can oe ▁was hed ▁ash ore ▁one ▁day , ▁the ▁surv iv ors ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁p addle ▁across |
▁the ▁bay ▁and ▁return ▁to ▁the ▁fort . ▁The ▁destruction ▁of ▁their ▁last ▁ship ▁left ▁the ▁sett lers ▁str and ed ▁on ▁the ▁Texas ▁coast , ▁with ▁no ▁hope ▁of ▁any ▁assistance ▁from ▁the ▁French ▁colon ies ▁in ▁the ▁Car ib bean ▁Sea . ▁ ▁Disc overy ▁by ▁the ▁Spanish ▁The ▁Spanish ▁authorities ▁learned ▁of ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁expedition ▁when ▁a ▁former ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁col ony , ▁Den is ▁Thomas , ▁was ▁captured ▁ab o ard ▁a ▁pir ate ▁ship . ▁In ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁save ▁his ▁life , ▁Thomas ▁related ▁that ▁La ▁S alle ▁had ▁planned ▁to ▁establish ▁a ▁col ony ▁near ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁and ▁eventually ▁take ▁over ▁Spanish ▁silver ▁mines . ▁ ▁Although ▁Thomas ▁was ▁quickly ▁h anged , ▁the ▁Spanish ▁believed ▁his ▁information ▁to ▁be ▁reliable ▁and ▁began ▁searching ▁for ▁the ▁French ▁col ony . ▁ ▁On ▁December ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 6 8 6 , ▁a ▁Spanish ▁expedition ▁led ▁by ▁Captain ▁Martin ▁de ▁R ivas ▁and ▁Captain ▁Pedro ▁de ▁Y ri arte ▁left ▁Ver ac ru z ▁to ▁sail ▁along ▁the ▁G ulf ▁Coast . ▁ ▁On ▁April ▁ 4 , ▁they ▁reached ▁Mat ag ord a ▁Bay ▁and ▁dispatch ed ▁several ▁can o es ▁to ▁explore ▁the ▁area . ▁▁ ▁from ▁their ▁ship , ▁they ▁discovered ▁La ▁Belle , ▁which ▁they ▁described ▁as ▁a ▁" bro ken ▁ship " ▁with ▁three ▁fle ur - de - ly s ▁on ▁her ▁stern . ▁ ▁The ▁Spanish ▁salv aged ▁two ▁sw ivel ▁guns ▁and |
▁five ▁can n ons ▁from ▁the ▁ship , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁anchor , ▁some ▁cord age , ▁and ▁the ▁m asts , ▁which ▁they ▁made ▁into ▁o ars . ▁ ▁As ▁final ▁proof ▁that ▁this ▁ship ▁had ▁belonged ▁to ▁the ▁French ▁col ony , ▁the ▁expedition ▁also ▁discovered ▁the ▁cam ps ite ▁where ▁the ▁French ▁surv iv ors ▁had ▁lived ▁for ▁three ▁months . ▁ ▁Among ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁the ▁cam ps ite ▁were ▁pages ▁from ▁books ▁written ▁in ▁French . ▁ ▁Red isc overy ▁The ▁w reck ▁lay ▁forgotten ▁for ▁over ▁three ▁hundred ▁years ▁in ▁the ▁dark ▁mur ky ▁waters ▁of ▁Mat ag ord a ▁Bay . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁Kath le en ▁Gil more ▁of ▁Southern ▁Method ist ▁University ▁analyz ed ▁historical ▁accounts ▁of ▁the ▁La ▁S alle ▁ship w re cks , ▁and ▁gave ▁general ▁guidance ▁as ▁to ▁where ▁they ▁might ▁be ▁found . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 7 , ▁the ▁Texas ▁Historical ▁Commission ▁( TH C ) ▁asked ▁an ▁independent ▁research er ▁to ▁search ▁the ▁arch ives ▁in ▁Paris ▁for ▁information ▁on ▁the ▁ship w re cks . ▁ ▁She ▁found ▁original ▁copies ▁of ▁maps ▁made ▁by ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁engineer , ▁Jean - B apt iste ▁Min et . ▁ ▁Before ▁Min et ▁returned ▁to ▁France ▁ab o ard ▁the ▁J oly , ▁he ▁had ▁created ▁detailed ▁maps ▁of ▁Mat ag ord a ▁Bay ▁and ▁the ▁pass ▁and ▁had ▁marked ▁the ▁spot ▁where ▁L ' A im |
able ▁had ▁s unk . ▁Other ▁research ers ▁discovered ▁additional ▁historical ▁maps , ▁including ▁several ▁that ▁marked ▁La ▁Belle ' s ▁rest ing ▁place . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 8 , ▁Bart o ▁Arnold , ▁the ▁State ▁Marine ▁Arch ae ologist ▁for ▁the ▁Texas ▁Anti qu ities ▁Committee ▁( the ▁prede cess or ▁to ▁the ▁Texas ▁Historical ▁Commission ), ▁proposed ▁a ▁ten - week ▁search ▁for ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁ships . ▁ ▁In ▁a ▁magnet ometer ▁survey ▁of ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁bay ▁de emed ▁a ▁high ▁probability ▁to ▁be ▁La ▁Belle ' s ▁location , ▁the ▁expedition ▁found ▁several ▁more ▁recent ▁ship w re cks . ▁ ▁A ▁lack ▁of ▁fund ing ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁sevent een ▁years ▁st ym ied ▁further ▁attempts ▁to ▁locate ▁La ▁Belle . ▁ ▁In ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁the ▁Texas ▁Historical ▁Commission ▁organized ▁a ▁second ▁magnet ometer ▁survey ▁to ▁search ▁high - prob ability ▁areas ▁not ▁included ▁in ▁earlier ▁surve ys . ▁ ▁The ▁most ▁important ▁techn ological ▁development ▁since ▁the ▁original ▁survey ▁was ▁the ▁advent ▁of ▁the ▁differential ▁G PS ▁position ing ▁system , ▁which ▁made ▁navigation ▁and ▁the ▁re location ▁of ▁targets ▁consider ably ▁easier ▁and ▁more ▁accurate . ▁ ▁This ▁survey ▁last ed ▁the ▁entire ▁month ▁and ▁util ized ▁a ▁Ge omet rics ▁ 8 6 6 ▁pro ton ▁pre cess ion ▁magnet ometer ▁which ▁identified ▁ 3 9 ▁" mag net ic ▁features ▁that ▁required ▁further ▁investigation ". ▁ ▁These ▁were ▁prior it ized , ▁and |
▁on ▁ 5 ▁July ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁divers ▁were ▁sent ▁to ▁the ▁highest ▁priority ▁location . ▁▁▁▁ ▁During ▁the ▁initial ▁div ing ▁operations , ▁a ▁prop - w ash ▁blow er ▁( met al ▁pipe ▁fitted ▁over ▁the ▁prop eller ▁to ▁def lect ▁its ▁force ▁down ▁to ▁the ▁se af loor ) ▁was ▁used , ▁ost ens ibly ▁to ▁improve ▁water ▁visibility ▁by ▁forcing ▁surface ▁water ▁down ▁towards ▁the ▁bottom . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁later ▁decided ▁by ▁the ▁arch ae olog ists ▁that ▁the ▁blow er ▁should ▁be ▁turned ▁off ▁as ▁it ▁was ▁vis ibly ▁dam aging ▁the ▁del icate ▁material ▁of ▁the ▁cargo ▁remains . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁not ▁known ▁exactly ▁how ▁much ▁sed iment ▁covered ▁the ▁ship w reck ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁its ▁discovery ▁because ▁the ▁prop - w ash ▁blow er ▁was ▁deployed ▁before ▁sending ▁divers ▁down . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁team ▁of ▁divers ▁reported ▁feeling ▁mus ket ▁balls ▁on ▁the ▁se af loor ▁along ▁with ▁loose ▁fragments ▁of ▁wood ▁moving ▁in ▁the ▁current ▁created ▁by ▁the ▁blow er . ▁ ▁These ▁materials ▁strongly ▁suggested ▁that ▁this ▁was ▁indeed ▁a ▁ship w reck ▁site . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁second ▁d ive , ▁arch ae ologist ▁Ch uck ▁Me ide ▁discovered ▁a ▁bronze ▁can non ▁which , ▁when ▁subsequently ▁recovered , ▁proved ▁that ▁this ▁ship w reck ▁was ▁indeed ▁that ▁of ▁La ▁Belle . ▁The ▁can non ▁was ▁orn ately ▁decor ated , ▁and ▁bore ▁the ▁cr est ▁of ▁King ▁Louis ▁and ▁the ▁Count ▁of ▁Verm ando is |
, ▁the ▁Admir al ▁of ▁France . ▁An ▁il leg it imate ▁son ▁of ▁Louis ▁XIV , ▁Verm ando is ▁served ▁as ▁Admir al ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁fleet ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 3 , ▁meaning ▁the ▁can non ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁cast ▁no ▁later ▁than ▁ 1 6 8 3 , ▁the ▁time ▁when ▁La ▁S alle ▁was ▁prepar ing ▁for ▁his ▁voyage . ▁ ▁This ▁was ▁considered ▁strong ▁circumst ant ial ▁evidence ▁that ▁the ▁ship ▁was ▁La ▁Belle . ▁ ▁A ▁serial ▁number ▁on ▁the ▁gun ▁( and ▁two ▁others ▁found ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 ) ▁was ▁later ▁matched ▁in ▁a ▁French ▁arch ival ▁record ▁discovered ▁by ▁Dr . ▁John ▁de ▁Bry ▁with ▁the ▁numbers ▁of ▁four ▁bronze ▁can n ons ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁loaded ▁onto ▁La ▁Belle , ▁providing ▁definit ive ▁proof ▁of ▁the ▁w reck ' s ▁identity . ▁ ▁The ▁ship w reck ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁known ▁to ▁one ▁or ▁more ▁local ▁wat erm en ▁before ▁its ▁discovery ▁by ▁arch ae olog ists . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁exc av ations , ▁Texas ▁Historical ▁Commission ▁arch ae olog ists ▁observed ▁direct ▁evidence ▁that ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁four ▁bronze ▁can n ons ▁known ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁on ▁La ▁Belle ▁had ▁been ▁removed ▁from ▁the ▁w reck age ▁some ▁time ▁before ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁discovery ▁of ▁the ▁w reck , ▁possibly ▁dec ades ▁earlier . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁sur m ised ▁that ▁this ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁the ▁action |
▁of ▁a ▁local ▁sh rim per ▁who ▁may ▁have ▁accident ally ▁sn ag ged ▁and ▁recovered ▁the ▁gun ▁in ▁his ▁n ets . ▁ ▁The ▁where about s ▁of ▁this ▁can non ▁remain ▁a ▁mystery , ▁and ▁no ▁other ▁clear ▁signs ▁of ▁prior ▁artifact ▁recovery ▁were ▁observed ▁at ▁the ▁w reck ▁site . ▁ ▁Arch ae ological ▁exc av ation ▁ ▁The ▁team ▁of ▁state ▁arch ae olog ists ▁spent ▁one ▁month ▁div ing ▁on ▁the ▁w reck age , ▁document ing ▁its ▁extent ▁and ▁condition , ▁and ▁recover ing ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁artifact s . ▁ ▁Because ▁of ▁the ▁historical ▁significance ▁of ▁the ▁w reck , ▁and ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁dark ▁waters ▁of ▁the ▁Bay ▁which ▁sever ely ▁limited ▁visibility ▁for ▁divers , ▁the ▁decision ▁was ▁made ▁to ▁construct ▁a ▁c of fer dam ▁around ▁the ▁w reck ▁site . ▁ ▁This ▁was ▁a ▁double - w alled ▁steel ▁structure , ▁with ▁compact ed ▁sand ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁walls , ▁surrounding ▁the ▁entire ▁w reck . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 . 5 ▁million ▁doll ar ▁structure ▁was ▁paid ▁for ▁by ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Texas , ▁though ▁private ▁fund ing ▁and ▁federal ▁gr ants ▁would ▁fund ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁subsequent ▁exc av ation . ▁ ▁After ▁completion ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁the ▁water ▁inside ▁the ▁c of fer dam ▁was ▁p ump ed ▁out ▁and ▁the ▁ship ▁was ▁exposed ▁to ▁air ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁in ▁centuries . ▁ ▁A ▁much ▁larger ▁team ▁of ▁arch ae olog ists , |
▁number ing ▁around ▁ 2 0 , ▁had ▁been ▁assemble d ▁in ▁the ▁nearby ▁town ▁of ▁Pala cios ▁and ▁were ▁charged ▁with ▁the ▁complete ▁exc av ation ▁of ▁the ▁ship w reck , ▁under ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁Dr . ▁Jim ▁Br us eth . ▁ ▁This ▁ende avor ▁last ed ▁from ▁July ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁to ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁and ▁was ▁considered ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁significant ▁mar itime ▁arch ae ological ▁exc av ations ▁of ▁its ▁time . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁mud dy ▁sed iments ▁were ▁carefully ▁removed ▁from ▁the ▁w reck age , ▁many ▁wooden ▁boxes ▁and ▁c ask s ▁were ▁exposed ▁loaded ▁with ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁artifact s . ▁La ▁Belle ▁had ▁contained ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁salv aged ▁supplies ▁from ▁La ▁S alle ' s ▁w reck ed ▁stores hip ▁( L ' A mi able ) ▁and ▁thus ▁offered ▁a ▁unique ▁insight ▁into ▁the ▁supplies ▁de emed ▁necessary ▁for ▁a ▁successful ▁colon ization ▁vent ure . ▁ ▁As ▁this ▁was ▁considered ▁enemy ▁territory ▁by ▁the ▁French ▁( Tex as ▁was ▁claimed ▁by ▁their ▁Spanish ▁riv als ) ▁and ▁local ▁Indians ▁proved ▁host ile , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁wide ▁array ▁of ▁weapons ▁on ▁board ▁the ▁vessel , ▁including ▁three ▁bronze ▁can n ons , ▁one ▁iron ▁sw ivel ▁gun , ▁several ▁boxes ▁of ▁mus k ets , ▁many ▁c ask s ▁of ▁lead ▁shot ▁and ▁gun pow der , ▁a ▁hand ful ▁of ▁cer am ic ▁fire p ots ▁( used ▁like ▁hand |
▁gr en ades ), ▁and ▁several ▁sword ▁handles . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁also ▁numerous ▁trade ▁goods , ▁including ▁hundreds ▁of ▁thousands ▁of ▁blue , ▁white , ▁and ▁black ▁glass ▁be ads , ▁br ass ▁finger ▁rings ▁with ▁Catholic ▁religious ▁symbols , ▁br ass ▁p ins , ▁br ass ▁ha w k ▁b ells , ▁wooden ▁comb s , ▁and ▁a ▁bar rel ▁of ▁iron ▁ax e ▁heads . ▁ ▁Tools ▁and ▁supplies ▁such ▁as ▁sm el ting ▁cru ci bles , ▁a ▁co oper ' s ▁plane , ▁a ▁sh ov el , ▁ro pe , ▁and ▁long ▁bars ▁of ▁iron ▁stock ▁were ▁also ▁recovered , ▁as ▁were ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁ship ' s ▁hardware ▁and ▁rig ging ▁components . ▁ ▁Fa unal ▁remains ▁included ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁salt ▁p ork , ▁ske let ons ▁of ▁r ats , ▁and ▁the ▁tro phy ▁sk ull s ▁of ▁de er , ▁complete ▁with ▁ant lers . ▁ ▁One ▁complete ▁human ▁ske leton ▁was ▁discovered , ▁that ▁of ▁a ▁middle - aged ▁male ▁with ▁signs ▁of ▁ar th rit is . ▁ ▁Part ▁of ▁this ▁individual ' s ▁brain ▁was ▁int act , ▁preserved ▁by ▁the ▁an a er ob ic ▁environment ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁thick ▁mud dy ▁sed iments ▁at ▁the ▁bottom ▁of ▁the ▁bay . ▁ ▁After ▁o ste ological ▁analysis , ▁these ▁human ▁remains ▁were ▁buried ▁at ▁the ▁Texas ▁State ▁C emetery . ▁ ▁All ▁of ▁the ▁artifact s ▁were ▁removed ▁from ▁the ▁h ull ▁by ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁March ▁ |
1 9 9 7 . ▁ ▁From ▁that ▁point ▁on , ▁the ▁arch ae olog ists ▁concentr ated ▁on ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁the ▁ship ▁itself . ▁ ▁The ▁entire ▁ship ▁was ▁dis ass emble d , ▁each ▁tim ber ▁being ▁carefully ▁recorded ▁before ▁and ▁after ▁its ▁removal ▁from ▁the ▁h ull ▁remains . ▁ ▁Field work ▁was ▁completed ▁by ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁after ▁which ▁the ▁c of fer dam ▁was ▁dis ass emble d ▁and ▁sold . ▁ ▁The ▁recovered ▁tim bers ▁were ▁eventually ▁re ass emble d ▁in ▁a ▁special ▁cr ad le ▁and ▁v at ▁designed ▁at ▁Texas ▁A & M ▁University ' s ▁N aut ical ▁Arch ae ology ▁Program , ▁the ▁institution ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁the ▁conservation ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁artifact s ▁recovered ▁from ▁the ▁ship w reck ▁site ▁after ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁ ▁The ▁h ull ▁was ▁treated ▁by ▁long - term ▁so aking ▁in ▁poly eth yl ene ▁g ly col ▁and ▁free ze - d ry ing , ▁a ▁process ▁which ▁took ▁over ▁ten ▁years . ▁ ▁Ex hib it ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁the ▁La ▁Belle : ▁The ▁Sh ip ▁That ▁Ch anged ▁History ▁exhib it ▁officially ▁opened . ▁The ▁h ull ▁of ▁the ▁ship ▁and ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁recovered ▁artifact s , ▁including ▁colored ▁glass ▁be ads , ▁br ass ▁p ots , ▁a ▁col ander , ▁a ▁lad le , ▁mus k ets , ▁pow der ▁horn s , ▁an ▁early ▁explos ive |
▁device ▁called ▁a ▁fire ▁pot ▁and ▁a ▁bronze ▁can non ▁with ▁lif ting ▁handles ▁sh aped ▁like ▁dol ph ins , ▁are ▁on ▁display ▁at ▁the ▁Bul lock ▁Texas ▁State ▁History ▁Museum ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁capital ▁of ▁Austin . ▁Many ▁more ▁artifact s ▁can ▁be ▁seen ▁in ▁the ▁multi - location ▁La ▁S alle ▁Od ys sey ▁exhib it , ▁located ▁in ▁museum s ▁around ▁Texas . ▁ ▁The ▁Cor pus ▁Christ i ▁Museum ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁History ▁is ▁the ▁official ▁repository ▁of ▁artifact s . ▁The ▁Museum ▁of ▁the ▁Coast al ▁B end ▁in ▁Victoria , ▁Texas ▁also ▁has ▁many ▁artifact s ▁from ▁the ▁La ▁Belle , ▁mainly ▁the ▁other ▁seven ▁can n ons ▁from ▁Fort ▁St . ▁Louis . ▁ ▁, ▁a ▁live ▁stream ▁of ▁the ▁build ▁of ▁La ▁Belle ▁is ▁broadcast ▁from ▁the ▁Bul lock ▁Museum ▁on ▁Wed nes day ▁through ▁Saturday ▁from ▁ 9 ▁a . m . ▁to ▁ 5 ▁p . m . ▁Central ▁Time . ▁ ▁O wn ership ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁exc av ation ▁was ▁completed , ▁the ▁French ▁government ▁file d ▁an ▁official ▁claim ▁for ▁the ▁ship ▁and ▁its ▁contents . ▁ ▁Under ▁international ▁naval ▁laws , ▁an ▁official ▁naval ▁vessel ▁is ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁country ▁for ▁which ▁the ▁ship ▁f lies ▁its ▁flag . ▁ ▁Despite ▁a ▁long - standing ▁tradition ▁repeated ▁by ▁American ▁histor ians ▁that ▁La ▁Belle ▁was ▁a ▁personal ▁gift ▁from ▁the ▁King ▁to ▁La ▁S alle , ▁no ▁document ary ▁evidence ▁confirm ing ▁this ▁claim ▁could ▁be ▁produced . |
▁ ▁Instead , ▁arch ival ▁research ▁conducted ▁in ▁French ▁depos itories ▁provided ▁two ▁official ▁documents ▁which ▁listed ▁La ▁Belle ▁as ▁being ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁King ▁but ▁loan ed ▁to ▁La ▁S alle . ▁ ▁Made le ine ▁Al br ight ▁conced ed ▁the ▁claim ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁France ▁just ▁before ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁Cl inton ▁administration . ▁ ▁After ▁a ▁several - year ▁neg ot iation , ▁an ▁agreement ▁was ▁signed ▁on ▁March ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁which ▁gives ▁official ▁title ▁to ▁the ▁w reck ▁and ▁its ▁artifact s ▁to ▁the ▁Musée ▁national ▁de ▁la ▁Marine ▁in ▁Paris . ▁ ▁Day - to - day ▁control ▁was ▁granted ▁to ▁the ▁Texas ▁Historical ▁Commission ▁for ▁ 9 9 ▁years . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁ ▁French ▁An cre ▁Publishing ▁Comp ag ny ▁published ▁a ▁Mon ography ▁with ▁a ▁full ▁set ▁of ▁plans ▁for ▁this ▁ship ▁- ▁scale d ▁in ▁ 1 / 4 8 ▁for ▁model ▁building . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Texas ▁Historical ▁Commission ▁La ▁S alle ▁Sh ip w reck ▁Project ▁ ▁R ais ing ▁the ▁Belle ▁by ▁Dan ▁Parker ▁ ▁Inter view ▁with ▁Mark ▁Mitchell , ▁author ▁of ▁' R ais ing ▁La ▁Belle ' ▁ ▁Art ifact s ▁from ▁the ▁La ▁Belle ▁Sh ip w reck ▁Collection ▁at ▁the ▁Cor pus ▁Christ i ▁Museum ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁History ▁ ▁Live ▁stream ▁of ▁the ▁build , ▁Bul lock ▁Museum , ▁La ▁Belle , ▁the ▁ship ▁that ▁changed ▁history ▁exhib it ▁ ▁Category : Arch |
ae ological ▁sites ▁in ▁Texas ▁Category : F rench ▁Texas ▁Category : Sh ip w re cks ▁in ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁Category : Mar itime ▁inc idents ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 6 ▁Category : Mat ag ord a ▁County , ▁Texas ▁Category : Age ▁of ▁S ail ▁ships ▁of ▁France <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁name ▁grey ▁thr ush ▁can ▁refer ▁to ▁several ▁species ▁of ▁bird : ▁ ▁Japanese ▁thr ush ▁( T urd us ▁card is ) ▁of ▁eastern ▁Asia ▁Grey ▁ground - th r ush ▁( Z o other a ▁prince i ) ▁of ▁Africa ▁Grey ▁sh rike - th r ush ▁( Coll ur ic inc la ▁harm onica ) ▁of ▁Austral asia ▁ ▁Category : An imal ▁common ▁name ▁dis ambiguation ▁pages <0x0A> </s> ▁Ni ou m amil ima ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁on ▁the ▁island ▁of ▁Grande ▁Com ore ▁( N g az id ja ) ▁in ▁the ▁Com or os . ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁census , ▁the ▁village ▁had ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 8 0 4 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Grande ▁Com ore <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Pur cell ▁Mountains ▁are ▁a ▁mountain ▁range ▁in ▁sout he astern ▁British ▁Columbia , ▁Canada . ▁They ▁are ▁a ▁sub range ▁of ▁the ▁Columbia ▁Mountains , ▁which ▁includes ▁the ▁Sel k irk , ▁Mon as he e , ▁and ▁Car ib oo ▁Mountains . ▁They ▁are ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁Rock y ▁Mountain ▁T rench ▁in ▁the |
▁area ▁of ▁the ▁Columbia ▁Valley , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁valley ▁of ▁K oot en ay ▁Lake ▁and ▁the ▁Dun can ▁River . ▁The ▁only ▁large ▁settlement ▁in ▁the ▁mountains ▁is ▁the ▁Pan or ama ▁Ski ▁Res ort ▁and ▁K ick ing ▁Hor se ▁Res ort , ▁though ▁there ▁are ▁small ▁settlement s , ▁such ▁as ▁Y ah k ▁and ▁Mo y ie ▁along ▁the ▁C rows nest ▁Highway , ▁and ▁resident ial ▁rural ▁areas ▁dependent ▁on ▁the ▁cities ▁of ▁C rest on , ▁Kim ber ley ▁and ▁C ran bro ok , ▁which ▁are ▁located ▁adjacent ▁to ▁the ▁range . ▁ ▁The ▁Pur cell s ▁are ▁shown ▁on ▁some ▁United ▁States ▁maps ▁as ▁the ▁Per cell ▁Mountains , ▁where ▁their ▁southern ▁limit ▁pro tr udes ▁into ▁the ▁states ▁of ▁Id aho ▁and ▁Mont ana , ▁ab ut ting ▁Lake ▁Ko oc an usa , ▁a ▁res er voir ▁on ▁the ▁K oot en ai ▁River . ▁American ▁ge ographic ▁class ifications ▁consider ▁the ▁Per cell s ▁to ▁be ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Rock y ▁Mountains ▁but ▁in ▁Canada ▁that ▁termin ology ▁is ▁reserved ▁for ▁ranges ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁Rock y ▁Mountain ▁T rench . ▁In ▁the ▁Pur cell ▁Mountains , ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁pe aks ▁are ▁near ▁or ▁above ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁feet ▁in ▁elev ation . ▁ ▁The ▁Pur cell s ▁were ▁formed ▁in ▁the ▁Pro ter oz o ic ▁e on ▁( in ▁the ▁P rec amb rian ▁period ), ▁which |
▁sp ans ▁from ▁ 2 , 5 0 0 ▁million ▁years ▁ago ▁to ▁about ▁ 5 4 0 ▁million ▁years ▁ago . ▁ ▁Sub - r anges ▁Car bon ate ▁Range ▁Dog to oth ▁Range ▁F arn ham ▁Group ▁Mac B eth ▁Group ▁McG ill iv ary ▁Range ▁Mo y ie ▁Range ▁Sept et ▁Range ▁Sp ill im ache en ▁Range ▁Star bird ▁R idge ▁Stock dale ▁Group ▁T oby ▁Gla cier ▁Tru ce ▁Group ▁Y ah k ▁Range ▁ ▁High est ▁pe aks ▁The ▁ten ▁highest ▁summ its ▁of ▁the ▁Pur cell s ▁▁ 1 . ▁Mount ▁F arn ham <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 4 9 3 ▁m ▁ 2 . ▁J um bo ▁Mountain <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 4 3 7 ▁m <0x09> ▁ 3 . ▁How ser ▁Sp ire <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 4 1 2 ▁m <0x09> ▁ 4 . ▁K arn ak ▁Mountain ▁▁▁▁ 3 4 1 1 ▁m <0x09> <0x09> ▁ 5 . ▁Mount ▁Del ph ine <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 4 0 6 ▁m ▁▁ <0x09> ▁ 6 . ▁Mount ▁Hamm ond <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 3 8 7 ▁m <0x09> ▁ 7 . ▁Commander ▁Mountain ▁ 3 3 7 1 ▁m <0x09> ▁ 8 . ▁South ▁How ser ▁Tower ▁ 3 3 6 4 ▁m <0x09> <0x09> ▁ 9 . ▁E y eb row ▁Pe ak <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 3 6 2 ▁m <0x09> <0x09> ▁ 1 0 . ▁Mount ▁Peter <0x09> ▁▁▁ 3 3 5 7 ▁m ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁The ▁Bug ab o os ▁List ▁of ▁mountain ▁ranges |
▁in ▁Mont ana ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : P ur cell ▁Mountains ▁Category : K oot en ays <0x0A> </s> ▁Walk ing ▁With ▁() ▁is ▁the ▁sixth ▁solo ▁studio ▁album ▁by ▁South ▁Korean ▁pop ▁singer - song writer ▁Kim ▁D ong - ry ool , ▁and ▁his ▁sevent h ▁solo ▁album ▁overall . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁by ▁the ▁artist ' s ▁label ▁Music ▁Farm ▁and ▁distributed ▁by ▁LO EN ▁Entertainment . ▁Gu itar ist ▁Lee ▁Sang - so on ▁( who ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁known ▁as ▁Lee ▁Hy ori ' s ▁husband ) ▁and ▁Super star ▁K 2 ▁runner - up ▁John ▁Park ▁participated ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁as ▁featured ▁artists . ▁The ▁album ▁is ▁the ▁singer ' s ▁first ▁solo ▁release ▁since ▁the ▁hol iday ▁album ▁Kim d ong r Y U LE ▁( 2 0 1 1 ), ▁and ▁also ▁his ▁first ▁studio ▁album ▁since ▁Mon olog ue ▁( 2 0 0 8 ). ▁ ▁The ▁self - produ ced ▁album ▁features ▁ten ▁tracks ▁in ▁total , ▁including ▁the ▁lead ▁single ▁" How ▁I ▁Am " ▁and ▁the ▁track ▁under ▁the ▁same ▁title . ▁Without ▁any ▁tele vised ▁prom ot ions , ▁" How ▁I ▁Am " ▁to pped ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Singles ▁Chart ▁for ▁two ▁consecutive ▁weeks . ▁The ▁song ▁also ▁won ▁Song ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁at ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁annual ▁Ga on ▁Chart ▁K - Pop ▁Awards . ▁ ▁A ▁LP ▁edition ▁of ▁the ▁album , ▁limited ▁to ▁ |
3 , 0 0 0 ▁copies , ▁was ▁available ▁for ▁sale . ▁As ▁of ▁ ▁, ▁Walk ing ▁With ▁has ▁sold ▁over ▁ 5 8 , 0 0 0 ▁physical ▁albums ▁and ▁three ▁million ▁digital ▁singles ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁( see ▁Chart ▁performance ). ▁ ▁Singles ▁ ▁" How ▁I ▁Am " ▁" How ▁I ▁Am " ▁() ▁is ▁the ▁lead ▁single ▁from ▁the ▁album . ▁The ▁song ▁dep ict s ▁a ▁man ▁who ▁miss es ▁his ▁past ▁lo ver , ▁and ▁actor ▁G ong ▁Y oo ▁star red ▁in ▁its ▁corresponding ▁music ▁video . ▁After ▁film ing ▁the ▁music ▁video , ▁G ong ▁stated ▁" I ▁can ' t ▁forget ▁the ▁mem ories ▁when ▁I ▁listened ▁to ▁the ▁music ▁of ▁Ex hib ition ▁() ▁using ▁c ass ette ▁t apes ▁in ▁my ▁school ▁years . ▁Kim ▁has ▁been ▁my ▁favorite ▁music ian ▁since ▁then . ▁I ▁wanted ▁to ▁celebr ate ▁by ▁st arring ▁in ▁the ▁music ▁video , ▁in ▁my ▁mind ▁to ▁cheer ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁anni versary ▁of ▁his ▁debut ." ▁The ▁music ▁video ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁via ▁LO EN ▁Entertainment ' s ▁official ▁YouTube ▁channel . ▁ ▁Upon ▁its ▁release , ▁" How ▁I ▁Am " ▁achieved ▁an ▁" all - kill " ▁status ▁in ▁South ▁Korea , ▁reaching ▁the ▁pole ▁position ▁on ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁real - time ▁music ▁charts ▁including ▁Mel On , ▁B ugs , ▁Sor ib ada , ▁Gen ie , ▁M net ▁Music |
, ▁Mon key 3 , ▁Ol le h ▁Music , ▁C yw orld ▁Music , ▁Da um ▁Music , ▁and ▁Na ver ▁Music . ▁Without ▁any ▁broadcast ▁prom ot ions , ▁the ▁song ▁to pped ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Singles ▁Chart ▁for ▁two ▁consecutive ▁weeks . ▁It ▁also ▁won ▁the ▁first ▁place ▁on ▁tele vised ▁K - pop ▁music ▁shows ▁like ▁The ▁Music ▁Tr end ▁( SB S ) ▁and ▁Music ▁Bank ▁( K BS ), ▁from ▁October ▁ 1 2 ▁to ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁This ▁was ▁Kim ' s ▁first ▁fe at ▁since ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁tro phy ▁for ▁" Should ▁I ▁Tell ▁You ▁Again ▁That ▁I ▁Love ▁You ?" ▁() ▁on ▁M BC ' s ▁Music ▁Camp ▁( current ly ▁Show ! ▁Music ▁Core ) ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁ ▁" How ▁I ▁Am " ▁was ▁the ▁ 5 1 st ▁biggest ▁s elling ▁digital ▁song ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁Since ▁its ▁release , ▁the ▁song ▁has ▁sold ▁about ▁ 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁digital ▁copies ▁dom est ically . ▁ ▁Prom otion ▁Instead ▁of ▁having ▁broadcast ▁prom ot ions , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁Kim ▁would ▁hold ▁his ▁nation wide ▁concert ▁tour ▁from ▁November ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁Starting ▁in ▁Bus an , ▁he ▁performed ▁in ▁cities ▁including ▁Se ong nam , ▁G w ang ju , ▁Go y ang , ▁Je on ju , ▁Se |
oul , ▁Da egu , ▁and ▁D ae je on ▁until ▁January ▁ 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁to ▁promote ▁his ▁com eb ack ▁album . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁All ▁songs ▁written ▁and ▁composed ▁by ▁Kim ▁D ong - ry ool . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁The ▁title ▁of ▁track ▁ 2 ▁literally ▁means ▁" The ▁Youth ". ▁ ▁The ▁title ▁of ▁track ▁ 5 ▁literally ▁means ▁" That ' s ▁How ▁I ▁Am ". ▁ ▁The ▁title ▁of ▁track ▁ 7 ▁literally ▁means ▁" My ▁Heart ▁Is ". ▁ ▁Chart ▁performance ▁ ▁Album ▁charts ▁ ▁Single ▁charts ▁How ▁I ▁Am ▁ ▁Other ▁chart ed ▁songs ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁nomin ations ▁ ▁Ann ual ▁music ▁awards ▁ ▁Music ▁program ▁awards ▁ ▁Release ▁history ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁number - one ▁hits ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁( S outh ▁Korea ) ▁ ▁Foot notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Kim ▁D ong - ry ool ' s ▁official ▁website ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 4 ▁albums ▁Category : K im ▁D ong - ry ool ▁albums ▁Category : K ore an - language ▁albums ▁Category : K ak ao ▁M ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Vo ice ▁– ▁The ▁Best ▁of ▁Tour ▁was ▁a ▁concert ▁tour ▁by ▁British ▁singer - song writer ▁B ever ley ▁Knight , ▁organ ised ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁album ▁Vo ice ▁- ▁The ▁Best ▁of ▁B ever ley ▁Knight . ▁It ▁began ▁on ▁ 9 ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁in ▁Card iff |
▁and ▁ended ▁on ▁ 6 ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁in ▁P ly mouth . ▁ ▁Set ▁list ▁ ▁" Good ▁Mor ning ▁World " ▁( Int ro ) ▁ ▁" M ade ▁It ▁Back " ▁ ▁" Get ▁Up " ▁ ▁" F lav our ▁of ▁the ▁Old ▁School " ▁ ▁" After ▁You " ▁ ▁" S up erson ic " ▁ ▁" S ame ▁( As ▁I ▁Ever ▁Was )" ▁ ▁" P ie ce ▁of ▁My ▁Heart " ▁ ▁" Shape ▁of ▁You " ▁( ac oust ic ) ▁ ▁" S ista ▁S ista " ▁( ac oust ic ) ▁ ▁" The ▁Need ▁of ▁You " ▁( ac oust ic ) ▁ ▁" Gre at est ▁Day " ▁ ▁" Black ▁But ta " ▁ ▁" R ock ▁Ste ady " ▁ ▁" G old " ▁ ▁" Should a ▁Would a ▁Could a " En core : ▁ ▁" Ke ep ▁This ▁Fire ▁Burn ing " ▁ ▁" Come ▁as ▁You ▁Are " ▁ ▁Foot notes : ▁On ▁numerous ▁night s ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁tour , ▁the ▁final ▁song ▁performed ▁was ▁" Ang els ". ▁ ▁Person nel ▁ ▁V oc als ▁B ever ley ▁Knight ▁- ▁vocals ▁Me ' sha ▁Bry an ▁- ▁backing ▁vocals ▁Bry an ▁Ch amb ers ▁- ▁backing ▁vocals ▁Bill ie ▁God f rey ▁- ▁backing ▁vocals ▁ ▁Band ▁Paul ▁Re id ▁- ▁Gu it ars ▁/ ▁Musical ▁Director ▁Ash ley ▁Kings ley ▁- ▁key boards ▁Dar ren |
▁Abraham ▁- ▁drums ▁Paul ▁Bruce ▁- ▁bass ▁ ▁Management ▁Andy ▁Bern stein ▁- ▁tour ▁manager ▁Ke ely ▁My ers ▁- ▁production ▁manager ▁Richard ▁" We z " ▁W ear ing ▁- ▁stage ▁manager ▁ ▁Add itional ▁personnel ▁D enn ie ▁Vid al ▁- ▁FO H ▁engineer ▁Steven ▁Abb iss ▁- ▁light ing ▁design ▁Simon ▁P ig gy ▁Lyn ch ▁- ▁light ing ▁crew ▁chief ▁Craig ▁P ry de ▁- ▁PA ▁te ch ▁Rob ▁Web ster ▁Re ed ▁- ▁monitor ▁engineer ▁ ▁Tour ▁dates ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Guardian ▁review ▁of ▁Hamm ers m ith ▁Apol lo ▁gig ▁ ▁The ▁Times ▁review ▁of ▁Hamm ers m ith ▁Apol lo ▁gig ▁ ▁Manchester ▁Even ing ▁News ▁review ▁of ▁Manchester ▁gig ▁ ▁Express ▁and ▁Star ▁review ▁of ▁Wol ver ham pton ▁gig ▁ ▁Category : B ever ley ▁Knight ▁concert ▁t ours ▁Category : 2 0 0 6 ▁concert ▁t ours <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁Building , ▁originally ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁County ▁Cour th ouse , ▁at ▁ 6 0 ▁Centre ▁Street ▁on ▁F ole y ▁Square ▁in ▁the ▁C iv ic ▁Center ▁neighborhood ▁of ▁Manh attan , ▁New ▁York ▁City , ▁houses ▁the ▁Civil ▁and ▁App ell ate ▁Term s ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁state ' s ▁First ▁Jud icial ▁District , ▁which ▁is ▁co ext ensive ▁with ▁Manh attan , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁offices ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁County ▁C ler k . ▁ ▁The ▁gran ite - fac ed ▁hex ag onal |
▁building ▁was ▁designed ▁by ▁Guy ▁Low ell ▁of ▁Boston ▁in ▁classical ▁Roman ▁style ▁and ▁was ▁built ▁between ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 2 7 , ▁completion ▁having ▁been ▁delayed ▁by ▁World ▁War ▁I . ▁It ▁replaced ▁the ▁former ▁New ▁York ▁County ▁Cour th ouse ▁on ▁Ch amb ers ▁Street , ▁popular ly ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Twe ed ▁Cour th ouse . ▁Both ▁the ▁interior ▁and ▁exterior ▁are ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Land marks : ▁the ▁exterior ▁was ▁designated ▁on ▁February ▁ 1 , ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁and ▁the ▁interior ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁selection ▁of ▁the ▁architect ▁was ▁done ▁by ▁a ▁design ▁competition , ▁which ▁was ▁won ▁by ▁Boston ▁architect ▁Guy ▁Low ell ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 3 . ▁Low ell ▁originally ▁proposed ▁a ▁circular ▁building , ▁to ▁be ▁built ▁at ▁the ▁vast ly ▁expensive ▁sum ▁of ▁$ 2 0 ▁to ▁$ 3 0 ▁million . ▁Const ruction ▁was ▁delayed ▁by ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁and ▁the ▁design ▁was ▁re made ▁as ▁a ▁smaller ▁and ▁less ▁expensive ▁hex ag onal ▁building — a ▁Temple ▁of ▁Justice . ▁The ▁building ▁was ▁designed ▁in ▁the ▁Roman ▁classical ▁style . ▁Work ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁cour th ouse ' s ▁dedic ation ▁ceremony ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 2 7 , ▁two ▁weeks ▁after ▁Low ell ▁died . ▁Chief ▁Judge ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Court ▁of ▁App e als ▁Benjamin ▁Card |
oz o ▁and ▁Associ ate ▁Jud ges ▁of ▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁App e als ▁Frederick ▁E . ▁C rane ▁and ▁Ir ving ▁Le h man ▁were ▁present ▁at ▁the ▁event . ▁ ▁Art ▁and ▁architecture ▁ ▁Ex terior ▁ ▁The ▁building ' s ▁mass ▁and ▁scale ▁give ▁it ▁the ▁appearance ▁of ▁a ▁temple . ▁A ▁broad ▁set ▁of ▁steps ▁swe eps ▁up ▁from ▁F ole y ▁Square ▁to ▁a ▁massive ▁Cor inth ian ▁colon na de ▁covering ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁cour th ouse , ▁to pped ▁by ▁an ▁elaborate ▁ 1 4 0 - foot - long ▁( 4 3 ▁m ) ▁tri angular ▁ped iment ▁of ▁th ir teen ▁figures ▁car ved ▁in ▁bas ▁relief ▁from ▁gran ite . ▁The ▁ped iment ▁and ▁ac ro ter ia ▁by ▁Frederick ▁Warren ▁Allen ▁include ▁three ▁stat ues : ▁Law , ▁Tr uth , ▁and ▁Equ ity . ▁A ▁fr ie ze ▁be ars ▁the ▁ins cription ▁" The ▁true ▁administration ▁of ▁justice ▁is ▁the ▁firm est ▁pill ar ▁of ▁good ▁government ", ▁a ▁quot ation ▁taken ▁from ▁a ▁letter ▁written ▁by ▁George ▁Washington ▁to ▁Att orney ▁General ▁Edmund ▁Rand olph ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 1 7 8 9 . ▁The ▁ins cription ▁is ▁a ▁slight ▁mis quote ; ▁Washington ▁actually ▁referred ▁to ▁the ▁" due ▁administration " ▁of ▁justice ▁and ▁not ▁the ▁" true ▁administration " ▁of ▁justice , ▁an ▁error ▁discovered ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Post ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁The ▁error ▁was ▁apparently |
▁made ▁by ▁the ▁architect , ▁Guy ▁Low ell , ▁and ▁the ▁mistake ▁was ▁repeated ▁by ▁others , ▁including ▁Charles ▁Warren ▁in ▁his ▁Pul itzer ▁Prize – win ning ▁The ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁in ▁United ▁States ▁History ▁( 1 9 2 2 ). ▁ ▁The ▁stone ▁steps ▁leading ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁col onn aded ▁entrance ▁were ▁fl ank ed ▁by ▁two ▁alleg or ical ▁stat ues , ▁Justice ▁and ▁Author ity , ▁both ▁designed ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁by ▁the ▁Franco - American ▁sculpt or ▁Philip ▁Mart iny ▁( 1 8 5 8 – 1 9 2 7 ). ▁These ▁are ▁now ▁at ▁the ▁back ▁of ▁the ▁building . ▁Both ▁figures ▁are ▁large ▁in ▁size , ▁made ▁of ▁gran ite , ▁and ▁se ated . ▁Justice , ▁a ▁female ▁figure , ▁is ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁side ▁and ▁holds ▁a ▁shield ▁and ▁scroll ; ▁Author ity ▁is ▁on ▁the ▁left ▁side ▁and ▁holds ▁a ▁scroll ▁and ▁fas ces , ▁the ▁Roman ▁symbol ▁of ▁authority . ▁The ▁figures ▁were ▁purchased ▁by ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 ▁and ▁originally ▁fl ank ed ▁the ▁Centre ▁Street ▁entrance ▁to ▁the ▁Sur rog ate ' s ▁Cour th ouse ▁( H all ▁of ▁Records ); ▁the ▁figures ▁were ▁removed ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁for ▁the ▁w iden ing ▁of ▁Centre ▁Street ▁and ▁an ▁expansion ▁of ▁the ▁underlying ▁sub way ▁platforms , ▁and ▁were ▁then ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁County ▁Cour th ouse . ▁ ▁Inter ior ▁ ▁The ▁rot |
unda ▁is ▁ ▁in ▁circum ference ▁and ▁r ises ▁ ▁to ▁a ▁cup ola ▁which ▁in ▁ ▁high ▁and ▁ ▁long . ▁The ▁rot unda ▁also ▁contains ▁ten ▁st ained - glass ▁windows ▁and ▁cler est ory . ▁The ▁rot unda ' s ▁most ▁striking ▁feature , ▁however , ▁is ▁the ▁oft - re produ ced ▁circular ▁m ural ▁Law ▁Through ▁the ▁A ges , ▁also ▁called ▁The ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Law . ▁This ▁New ▁De al - era ▁m ural ▁was ▁designed ▁by ▁the ▁Italian ▁artist ▁Att ilio ▁P uster la ▁and ▁painted ▁by ▁him ▁and ▁a ▁team ▁of ▁artists ▁working ▁under ▁his ▁direction ▁from ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 6 , ▁under ▁spons or ship ▁from ▁the ▁Federal ▁Art ▁Project ▁of ▁the ▁Works ▁Project ▁Administration . ▁P uster la ▁also ▁executed ▁mur als ▁in ▁the ▁cour th ouse ' s ▁J ury ▁Assembly ▁Ro oms ▁on ▁the ▁fourth ▁floor ▁and ▁Cer emon ial ▁Court room ▁on ▁the ▁third ▁floor . ▁ ▁Law ▁Through ▁the ▁A ges ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁six ▁lun ettes , ▁or ▁sections . ▁Each ▁dep ict s ▁a ▁pair ▁of ▁figures ▁from ▁historical ▁cult ures ▁important ▁to ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁law : ▁Ass y rian ▁and ▁Egypt ian , ▁Heb ra ic ▁and ▁Pers ian , ▁Greek ▁and ▁Roman , ▁By z antine ▁and ▁Frank ish , ▁English ▁and ▁early ▁colonial , ▁with ▁the ▁final ▁section ▁port ray ing ▁George ▁Washington ▁and ▁Abraham ▁Lincoln . ▁A bove ▁the ▁se ated ▁figures ▁are ▁port |
ra its ▁of ▁six ▁law g ivers : ▁Hamm ur abi , ▁Mos es , ▁Sol on , ▁Justin ian , ▁Black stone ▁and ▁John ▁Marshall . ▁ ▁Rest oration ▁of ▁the ▁m ural ▁( al ong ▁with ▁a ▁st ained - glass ▁window ▁also ▁by ▁P uster la ) ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 ; ▁the ▁project ▁received ▁a ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁Design ▁Award ▁from ▁the ▁Public ▁Design ▁Commission ▁of ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁New ▁York . ▁The ▁rest oration ▁project , ▁which ▁was ▁priv ately ▁fund ed ▁by ▁money ▁raised ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁jud ges ▁and ▁att or ne ys , ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁bro ader ▁renov ation ▁campaign ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁to ▁protect ▁the ▁cour th ouse ' s ▁historic ▁art ▁from ▁water ▁se ep age ▁and ▁other ▁damage ▁caused ▁by ▁neglect . ▁ ▁En vir ons ▁The ▁building ▁is ▁somewhat ▁of ▁an ▁older ▁sib ling ▁to ▁Cass ▁Gilbert ' s ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁Cor inth ian - column ed ▁F ole y ▁Square ▁Cour th ouse ▁( ren amed ▁the ▁Th ur good ▁Marshall ▁United ▁States ▁Cour th ouse ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁just ▁to ▁its ▁south , ▁which ▁also ▁faces ▁F ole y ▁Square ▁from ▁the ▁east . ▁Both ▁buildings ▁face ▁Federal ▁Pla za ▁across ▁the ▁square , ▁which ▁includes ▁the ▁more ▁modern ▁Jacob ▁K . ▁J av its ▁Federal ▁Building ▁and ▁James ▁L . |
▁Watson ▁Court ▁of ▁International ▁Trade ▁Building , ▁which ▁houses ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Court ▁of ▁International ▁Trade . ▁Other ▁court ▁buildings ▁are ▁nearby , ▁including ▁those ▁for ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁C riminal ▁Court , ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Civil ▁Court , ▁and ▁the ▁Sur rog ate ' s ▁Cour th ouse . ▁ ▁In ▁popular ▁culture ▁Many ▁films ▁and ▁television ▁series ▁have ▁been ▁shot ▁at ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁County ▁Cour th ouse . ▁These ▁include : ▁▁ ▁Mi racle ▁on ▁ 3 4 th ▁Street ▁( 1 9 4 7 ): ▁the ▁scene ▁of ▁the ▁trial ▁of ▁Santa ▁Cla us ▁( Ed mund ▁G w enn ) ▁was ▁shot ▁here ; ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁re make ▁fil med ▁the ▁cour th ouse ' s ▁exterior ▁▁ 1 2 ▁An gry ▁Men ▁( 1 9 5 7 ) ▁ ▁The ▁God father ▁( 1 9 7 2 ) ▁ ▁N uts ▁( 1 9 8 7 ) ▁ ▁Leg al ▁E ag les ▁( 1 9 8 6 ) ▁ ▁Wall ▁Street ▁( 1 9 8 7 ) ▁ ▁Good f ell as ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁ ▁Te en age ▁Mut ant ▁Nin ja ▁T urt les ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁ ▁Regarding ▁Henry ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁ ▁Pet ro cel li , ▁television ▁series , ▁during ▁opening ▁cred its ▁ ▁Night ▁Court , ▁television ▁series ▁ ▁Law ▁& ▁Order ▁and ▁its ▁many ▁sp ino ff s ▁ ▁K oj ak ▁C ag |
ney ▁& ▁L ace y ▁Dam ages ▁Blue ▁Blo ods ▁Bull , ▁television ▁series , ▁end ▁scene ▁in ▁season ▁ 2 ▁episode ▁ 2 2 ▁ ▁Su its ' ', ▁television ▁series ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Land marks ▁App ell ate ▁Division ▁Cour th ouse ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : Count y ▁cour th ouses ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁( state ) ▁Category : G overn ment ▁buildings ▁in ▁Manh attan ▁Category : G overn ment ▁buildings ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 7 ▁Category : C iv ic ▁Center , ▁Manh attan ▁Category : C our th ouses ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Category : New ▁York ▁City ▁Design ated ▁Land marks ▁in ▁Manh attan ▁Category : New ▁York ▁City ▁interior ▁land marks ▁Category : G overn ment ▁buildings ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁Manh attan <0x0A> </s> ▁North ▁West ▁Staff ord shire ▁was ▁a ▁constitu ency ▁in ▁Staff ord shire ▁which ▁returned ▁one ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁to ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁the ▁Parliament ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁E lections ▁were ▁held ▁using ▁the ▁first ▁past ▁the ▁post ▁voting ▁system . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁constitu ency ▁was ▁created ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 8 8 5 ▁general ▁election , ▁and ▁abol ished ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁general ▁election . ▁ ▁M embers ▁of ▁Parliament ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 8 0 s |
▁▁ ▁Le ves on - G ower ▁was ▁appointed ▁Lord ▁Commission er ▁of ▁the ▁Tre as ury , ▁requiring ▁a ▁by - e lection . ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 9 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 0 s ▁▁ ▁General ▁E lection ▁ 1 9 1 4 / 1 5 : ▁ ▁Another ▁General ▁E lection ▁was ▁required ▁to ▁take ▁place ▁before ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 5 . ▁The ▁political ▁parties ▁had ▁been ▁making ▁prepar ations ▁for ▁an ▁election ▁to ▁take ▁place ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁July ▁ 1 9 1 4 , ▁the ▁following ▁candidates ▁had ▁been ▁selected ; ▁ ▁Labour : ▁Albert ▁Stanley ▁Union ist : ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Par liament ary ▁constitu encies ▁in ▁Staff ord shire ▁( histor ic ) ▁Category : Un ited ▁Kingdom ▁Parliament ary ▁constitu encies ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 5 ▁Category : Un ited ▁Kingdom ▁Parliament ary ▁constitu encies ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 8 <0x0A> </s> ▁G ains borough ▁and ▁Horn castle ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁county ▁constitu ency ▁represented ▁in ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁the ▁Parliament ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁It ▁elected ▁one ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁( MP ) ▁by ▁the ▁first ▁past ▁the ▁post ▁system ▁of ▁election . ▁It ▁existed ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁The ▁area ▁of ▁and ▁around ▁Horn castle ▁is |
▁now ▁in ▁the ▁constitu ency ▁of ▁L outh ▁and ▁Horn castle . ▁ ▁For ▁elections ▁prior ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁and ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁see ▁G ains borough . ▁ ▁B ound aries ▁ ▁The ▁District ▁of ▁West ▁Lind sey , ▁and ▁the ▁District ▁of ▁East ▁Lind sey ▁w ards ▁of ▁Bin bro ok , ▁Don ington ▁on ▁B ain , ▁Horn castle , ▁R ought on , ▁Wood hall ▁Sp a , ▁and ▁W rag by . ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁ ▁E lections ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁ ▁Category : Par liament ary ▁constitu encies ▁in ▁Lincoln shire ▁( histor ic ) ▁Category : Un ited ▁Kingdom ▁Parliament ary ▁constitu encies ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁Kop an iny ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁administrative ▁district ▁of ▁G mina ▁Ko ń skie , ▁within ▁Ko ń skie ▁County , ▁Ś wię to kr zy skie ▁Vo iv odes hip , ▁in ▁south - central ▁Poland . ▁It ▁lies ▁approximately ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁Ko ń skie ▁and ▁ ▁north - west ▁of ▁the ▁regional ▁capital ▁K iel ce . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Ko ń skie ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁B IST ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁B ans al ▁Institute ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology ▁Bu ilt - in ▁self - test ▁B ors a ▁Ist an |
bul <0x0A> </s> ▁Snow ▁is ▁a ▁children ' s ▁picture ▁book ▁by ▁Uri ▁Sh ule v itz . ▁ ▁It ▁received ▁a ▁ ▁Cal dec ott ▁Honor ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁It ▁also ▁won ▁the ▁Charlotte ▁Z ol ot ow ▁Award ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁ ▁Description ▁This ▁book ▁uses ▁l ively ▁water color ▁and ▁pen - and - ink ▁illustr ations ▁to ▁show ▁the ▁transformation ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁as ▁snow ▁falls . ▁The ▁beginning ▁pages ▁use ▁a ▁d ull ▁and ▁ble ak ▁p alette . ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁the ▁previously ▁d ull ▁city ▁is ▁covered ▁in ▁snow ▁and ▁looks ▁mag ical ▁and ▁bright . ▁ ▁Plot ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁d ull ▁and ▁grey ▁city ▁until ▁the ▁first ▁snow f la kes ▁start ▁to ▁fall . ▁No ▁one ▁thinks ▁those ▁few ▁fla kes ▁will ▁amount ▁to ▁much ▁except ▁for ▁a ▁boy ▁and ▁his ▁dog . ▁He ▁bel ieves ▁that ▁it ▁will ▁snow , ▁despite ▁the ▁numerous ▁predictions ▁from ▁adult s , ▁the ▁television , ▁and ▁the ▁radio ▁that ▁it ▁will ▁not . ▁As ▁the ▁snow ▁begins ▁to ▁p ile ▁up , ▁dis gr unt led ▁adult s ▁r ush ▁home , ▁leaving ▁the ▁boy ▁and ▁his ▁dog ▁to ▁joy fully ▁enjoy ▁the ▁snow . ▁ ▁Th emes ▁The ▁snow ▁is ▁a ▁met ap hor ▁for ▁" the ▁faith ▁young ▁children ▁possess ▁in ▁the ▁face ▁of ▁an ▁adult ▁world ▁lack ing ▁in ▁vision ▁and ▁understanding ." ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : American ▁picture ▁books ▁Category |
: Children ' s ▁fiction ▁books ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁children ' s ▁books ▁Category : Cal dec ott ▁Honor - win ning ▁works <0x0A> </s> ▁David ▁Allen ▁Walker ▁( born ▁January ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁in ▁Char l eston , ▁West ▁Virginia ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁politician ▁and ▁ ▁was ▁a ▁Democratic ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁West ▁Virginia ▁House ▁of ▁De leg ates ▁representing ▁District ▁ 3 3 ▁since ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁Education ▁Walker ▁graduated ▁from ▁Herbert ▁Ho over ▁High ▁School . ▁ ▁E lections ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Walker ▁was ▁challeng ed ▁for ▁the ▁May ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Democratic ▁Primary ▁but ▁won ▁with ▁ 2 , 0 2 8 ▁votes ▁( 6 1 . 1 % ), ▁and ▁was ▁uno pp osed ▁for ▁the ▁November ▁ 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁General ▁election , ▁winning ▁with ▁ 4 , 5 7 5 ▁votes . ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Walker ▁ran ▁in ▁the ▁District ▁ 3 3 ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Democratic ▁Primary , ▁but ▁lost ▁to ▁Bill ▁St em ple , ▁who ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁November ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁General ▁election . ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Walker ▁challeng ed ▁inc umb ent ▁Represent ative ▁St em ple ▁in ▁the ▁four - way ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Democratic ▁Primary ▁but ▁lost ▁to ▁Represent ative ▁St em ple , ▁who ▁was ▁uno pp |
osed ▁for ▁the ▁November ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁General ▁election . ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Walker ▁placed ▁in ▁the ▁three - way ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Democratic ▁Primary ▁but ▁again ▁lost ▁to ▁Represent ative ▁St em ple , ▁who ▁won ▁the ▁November ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁General ▁election ▁against ▁Republican ▁nom ine e ▁Ben ▁Mur phy . ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁When ▁District ▁ 3 3 ▁Democratic ▁Represent ative ▁St em ple ▁retired ▁and ▁left ▁the ▁seat ▁open , ▁Walker ▁ran ▁in ▁the ▁five - way ▁May ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁Democratic ▁Primary ▁and ▁placed ▁first ▁by ▁ 3 7 ▁votes ▁with ▁ 1 , 2 3 8 ▁votes ▁( 3 0 . 6 % ), ▁and ▁won ▁the ▁November ▁ 4 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁General ▁election ▁with ▁ 3 , 6 3 5 ▁votes ▁( 6 7 . 9 %) ▁against ▁Republican ▁nom ine e ▁Larry ▁Cole . ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Walker ▁was ▁challeng ed ▁in ▁the ▁May ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Democratic ▁Primary ▁and ▁won ▁with ▁ 1 , 6 4 4 ▁votes ▁( 5 7 . 7 % ), ▁and ▁was ▁uno pp osed ▁for ▁the ▁November ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁General ▁election , ▁winning ▁with ▁ 3 , 2 2 5 ▁votes . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁page ▁at ▁the ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Legisl ature ▁ ▁David ▁Walker |
▁at ▁Ball ot p edia ▁David ▁Walker ▁at ▁the ▁National ▁Institute ▁on ▁M oney ▁in ▁State ▁Polit ics ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁West ▁Virginia ▁House ▁of ▁De leg ates ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁Char l eston , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Cl enden in , ▁West ▁Virginia ▁Category : West ▁Virginia ▁Democr ats <0x0A> </s> ▁Sarah ▁L esch ▁( born ▁ 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 8 6 ) ▁is ▁a ▁German ▁singer - song writer ▁who ▁performs ▁with ▁a ▁guitar ▁and ▁uk ule le . ▁ ▁Life ▁and ▁career ▁ ▁Sarah ▁L esch ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Al ten burg , ▁Th uring ia ▁and ▁moved ▁with ▁her ▁mother ▁to ▁Sw ab ia ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁five . ▁Her ▁father ▁R alf ▁Kru se ▁is ▁a ▁Leipzig ▁music ian . ▁He ▁played ▁among ▁others ▁with ▁Am or ▁& ▁Die ▁K ids ▁and ▁the ▁Original ▁Erz geb ir gs - D uo . ▁On ▁her ▁father ' s ▁side ▁she ▁has ▁a ▁half - s ister ▁and ▁a ▁half - bro ther , ▁in ▁whom ▁she ▁only ▁met ▁during ▁her ▁time ▁as ▁a ▁singer . ▁ ▁L esch ▁wrote ▁music ▁for ▁children ' s ▁plays ▁and ▁worked ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁as ▁an ▁educ ator ▁in ▁T üb ingen ▁and ▁since ▁then , ▁she ▁has ▁mainly ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁music ian . ▁ ▁L |
esch ' s ▁debut ▁album ▁with ▁the ▁title ▁L ieder ▁aus ▁der ▁sch mut z igen ▁Kü che ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁under ▁the ▁alias ▁" Ch anson ed de ", ▁was ▁digit ally ▁distributed ▁by ▁Rum mel platz mus ik ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁and ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁in ▁co operation ▁with ▁the ▁label ▁K ick ▁The ▁Fl ame ▁on ▁CD . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁she ▁released ▁her ▁second ▁studio ▁album , ▁Von ▁Mus en ▁und ▁Mat ros en ▁under ▁her ▁real ▁name . ▁The ▁Leipzig ▁music ▁company ▁K ick ▁the ▁Fl ame ▁signed ▁her ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁Her ▁third ▁studio ▁album ▁Da ▁Dra ussen ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 ; ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁followed ▁an ▁EP ▁with ▁the ▁label ▁R ä uber le iter ▁G b R ▁with ▁Den ▁Eins amen ▁zum ▁Tro ste . ▁ ▁With ▁the ▁six - min ute ▁song ▁Testament , ▁which ▁L esch ▁wrote ▁for ▁her ▁son , ▁she ▁won ▁the ▁Pro tests ong cont est ▁held ▁in ▁Vienna ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁and ▁at ▁the ▁Hermann - H esse - F estival ▁in ▁Cal w ▁took ▁second ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁Pan ik preis . ▁The ▁song , ▁which ▁is ▁supposed ▁to ▁prepare ▁the ▁child ▁for ▁an ▁uncertain ▁future , ▁was ▁then ▁widely ▁distributed ▁on ▁the ▁Internet ▁and ▁was ▁also ▁distributed ▁by ▁right - wing ▁popul ist ▁websites ▁and ▁right |
- wing ▁extrem ist ▁groups . ▁She ▁clearly ▁dist anced ▁herself ▁from ▁them . ▁In ▁her ▁song ▁Der ▁Kap it än ▁she ▁s ings ▁about ▁the ▁rescue ▁of ▁ 3 7 ▁people ▁from ▁dist ress ▁with ▁the ▁ship ▁Cap ▁An am ur ▁by ▁Stefan ▁Schmidt . ▁ ▁L esch ▁has ▁performed ▁regularly ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 , ▁mainly ▁on ▁smaller ▁stages . ▁Among ▁other ▁things , ▁she ▁was ▁seen ▁at ▁the ▁Hamb urger ▁Kü ch ens essions ▁or ▁In as ▁Nach t ▁and ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁music ▁festival ▁Songs ▁an ▁einem ▁Sommer ab end . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁L esch ▁is ▁the ▁mother ▁of ▁a ▁son ▁and ▁lives ▁in ▁Leipzig . ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁Albums ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 : ▁L ieder ▁aus ▁der ▁sch mut z igen ▁Kü che ▁▁▁ 2 0 1 5 : ▁Von ▁Mus en ▁und ▁Mat ros en ▁( R um mel platz mus ik ) ▁▁ 2 0 1 7 : ▁Da ▁Dra ussen ▁( K ick ▁The ▁Fl ame ) ▁▁ 2 0 2 0 : ▁Der ▁Eins am keit ▁zum ▁T rot ze ▁( K ick ▁The ▁Fl ame ) ▁ ▁EP ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 : ▁Den ▁Eins amen ▁zum ▁Tro ste ▁( R ä uber le iter ▁G b R ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Al ten burg ▁Category : G erman ▁female ▁singer - song |
writ ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Patrick ▁O ny ango ▁Sum ba ▁( J uly ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁- ▁October ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Ken yan ▁triple ▁j um per ▁and ▁journalist ▁who ▁competed ▁for ▁Ken ya ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁in ▁Mun ich ▁in ▁the ▁triple ▁jump ▁event . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁death s ▁Category : K en yan ▁male ▁triple ▁jump ers ▁Category : K en yan ▁male ▁long ▁jump ers ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁athlet es ▁of ▁Ken ya ▁Category : A th let es ▁( track ▁and ▁field ) ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁British ▁Commonwealth ▁Games ▁Category : A th let es ▁( track ▁and ▁field ) ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁Summer ▁Olympics <0x0A> </s> ▁Regin ald ▁II ▁of ▁Bar ▁( ▁or ▁) ▁( d ied ▁ 2 5 ▁July ▁ 1 1 7 0 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Count ▁of ▁Bar ▁and ▁Lord ▁of ▁M ous son ▁from ▁ 1 1 4 9 ▁till ▁his ▁death . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁Regin ald ▁I , ▁Count ▁of ▁Bar ▁and ▁lord ▁of ▁M ous son , ▁and ▁G is elle ▁of ▁Va ud ém ont . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 1 3 5 , ▁he ▁attended ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Hugh ▁of ▁Met z ▁with ▁his ▁father ▁and ▁brother . ▁He ▁took |
▁part ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁cr us ade ▁with ▁his ▁father ▁and ▁brother ▁The odor ic ▁in ▁ 1 1 4 7 . ▁His ▁father ▁died ▁during ▁his ▁return . ▁He ▁re est ab lished ▁wars ▁against ▁his ▁traditional ▁enemies , ▁the ▁Duke ▁of ▁Lor raine ▁and ▁the ▁bishop ▁of ▁Met z . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁attacked ▁in ▁ 1 1 5 2 , ▁escaped ▁to ▁the ▁Ab bey ▁of ▁Saint - M ih iel ▁and ▁was ▁ex communic ated . ▁After ▁that , ▁Regin ald ▁had ▁to ▁make ▁am ends ▁to ▁have ▁his ▁ex communic ation ▁lifted . ▁In ▁ 1 1 7 0 , ▁Regin ald ▁died , ▁to ▁be ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁el dest ▁son , ▁Henry , ▁as ▁Count ▁of ▁Bar ▁and ▁Lord ▁of ▁M ous son . ▁ ▁Mar riage ▁and ▁children ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁married ▁in ▁ 1 1 5 5 ▁to ▁Ag nes ▁of ▁Champ agne ▁( d ied ▁ 1 2 0 7 ), ▁daughter ▁of ▁The ob ald ▁II ▁( IV ), ▁Count ▁of ▁Blo is ▁and ▁Champ agne ▁and ▁Mat ilda ▁of ▁Car inth ia , ▁and ▁had ▁the ▁following ▁issue : ▁ ▁Henry ▁I ▁( 1 1 5 8 – 1 1 9 0 ), ▁Count ▁of ▁Bar ▁ ▁The ob ald ▁I ▁( 1 1 5 9 / 6 1 – 1 2 1 4 ), ▁Count ▁of ▁Bar ▁ ▁Regin ald ▁(† ▁ 1 2 1 7 ), ▁bishop ▁of ▁Chart res ▁( 1 1 8 2 – 1 2 1 |
7 ) ▁ ▁Hugh , ▁canon ▁in ▁Chart res ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : H ouse ▁of ▁Mont b elli ard ▁Ren aut ▁II ▁Category : L ords ▁of ▁M ous son ▁Category : Pe ople ▁tempor arily ▁ex communic ated ▁by ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁Ren aut ▁II ▁Category : 1 1 7 0 ▁death s ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁unknown <0x0A> </s> ▁Mc Ge och ▁is ▁a ▁surname . ▁Notable ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁surname ▁include : ▁ ▁Alex ▁Mc Ge och ▁( 1 8 5 4 – 1 9 2 2 ), ▁Scottish ▁footballer ▁Catherine ▁Mc Ge och , ▁American ▁computer ▁scient ist ▁Charles ▁Mc Ge och ▁( 1 8 9 9 – 1 9 8 5 ), ▁American ▁football ▁coach ▁Ian ▁Mc Ge och ▁( 1 9 1 4 – 2 0 0 7 ), ▁British ▁Royal ▁Navy ▁officer ▁John ▁Mc Ge och ▁( 1 9 5 5 – 2 0 0 4 ), ▁Scottish ▁guitar ist ▁John ▁Alexander ▁Mc Ge och ▁( 1 8 9 7 – 1 9 4 2 ), ▁American ▁psych ologist ▁and ▁educ ator ▁L ill ian ▁Mc Ge och ▁( 1 9 0 3 – 1 9 9 2 ), ▁Canadian ▁painter ▁and ▁sculpt or <0x0A> </s> ▁P ét illon ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁Br uss els ▁Metro ▁stations ▁on ▁the ▁eastern ▁branch ▁of ▁line ▁ 5 . ▁ ▁The ▁met ro ▁station ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁municipality ▁of ▁Et ter be ek . ▁The ▁station ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 |
▁and ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁Major ▁P ét illon , ▁a ▁Belg ian ▁colonial ▁pione er ▁who ▁died ▁in ▁Et ter be ek ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 9 . ▁The ▁station ▁under w ent ▁an ▁ 1 8 - month , ▁ 6 . 3 ▁million ▁euro ▁renov ation ▁ending ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁The ▁station ▁is ▁also ▁visited ▁by ▁tram ▁lines ▁ 7 ▁and ▁ 2 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : E t ter be ek ▁Category : Br uss els ▁met ro ▁stations ▁Category : R ail way ▁stations ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁Arthur ▁Valent ine ▁Scott ▁( 1 3 ▁February ▁ 1 8 8 7 ▁– ▁ 2 6 ▁July ▁ 1 9 6 6 ) ▁was ▁a ▁South ▁Australian ▁ro wer ▁and ▁an ▁A IF ▁art illery man ▁who ▁saw ▁active ▁service ▁on ▁the ▁Western ▁Front ▁in ▁W WI . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁four - time ▁national ▁champion ▁who ▁represented ▁Australia ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁in ▁the ▁men ' s ▁eight ▁row ing ▁crew . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁A IF ▁# 1 ▁eight ▁which ▁won ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁Hen ley ▁Peace ▁Reg atta ▁and ▁brought ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Cup ▁to ▁Australia . ▁ ▁Pre - war ▁row ing ▁Both ▁pre ▁and ▁post - war , ▁Scott ▁was ▁employed ▁as ▁a ▁fire man ▁with ▁the ▁South ▁Australian ▁Rail ways . ▁Scott ' |
s ▁senior ▁row ing ▁was ▁from ▁the ▁Murray ▁Bridge ▁Row ing ▁Club . ▁He , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁champion ▁Murray ▁Bridge ▁senior ▁men ' s ▁eight , ▁was ▁selected ▁in ▁South ▁Australian ▁state ▁e ights ▁to ▁contest ▁the ▁Australian ▁men ' s ▁inter state ▁e ights ▁title ▁at ▁the ▁Inter state ▁Reg att as ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 1 4 . ▁ ▁They ▁won ▁the ▁national ▁title ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁ ▁and ▁placed ▁second ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 4 . ▁ ▁War ▁service ▁Scott ▁en list ed ▁in ▁the ▁A IF ▁aged ▁ 2 8 ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 5 . ▁He ▁joined ▁the ▁ 2 7 th ▁B tt n . ▁in ▁their ▁ 8 th ▁rein for cement ▁and ▁emb ark ed ▁from ▁Ad ela ide ▁on ▁H M AT ▁A 3 0 ▁B ord a ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 1 6 . ▁On ▁the ▁Western ▁Front ▁he ▁served ▁initially ▁as ▁a ▁Gun ner ▁with ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Field ▁Art illery . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁wounded ▁in ▁action ▁at ▁Poz ier es ▁during ▁the ▁height ▁of ▁fighting ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁July ▁ 1 9 1 6 ▁and ▁ev acu ated ▁to ▁hospital ▁at ▁Et ap les . ▁He ▁had ▁been ▁promoted ▁to ▁L ance ▁Corpor al ▁and ▁then ▁acting ▁Serge ant ▁before ▁being ▁dem oted ▁to ▁Corpor al ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 7 . ▁In ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 7 |
▁he ▁was ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 1 th ▁Field ▁Art illery . ▁ ▁At ▁Ag inc ourt ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁he ▁refused ▁an ▁order ▁to ▁go ▁up ▁the ▁line , ▁was ▁court - mart ial led , ▁dem oted ▁to ▁Gun ner ▁and ▁sent enced ▁to ▁a ▁year ▁in ▁military ▁prison . ▁▁▁ ▁At ▁war ' s ▁end ▁Scott ▁row ed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁Peace ▁Reg atta ▁at ▁Hen ley - on - Th ames ▁in ▁the ▁Australian ▁Imperial ▁Force ▁( A IF ) ▁crew ▁which ▁won ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Cup ▁which ▁in ▁time , ▁became ▁the ▁tro phy ▁for ▁the ▁men ' s ▁eight ▁event ▁cont ested ▁ann ually ▁at ▁the ▁Australian ▁Inter state ▁Reg atta . ▁Scott ▁was ▁se ated ▁in ▁the ▁A IF # 2 ▁crew ▁for ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁training ▁period ▁leading ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁July ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁Peace ▁Reg atta . ▁Al ong ▁with ▁Tom ▁McG ill ▁and ▁George ▁N ett am ▁he ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁final ▁three ▁crew ▁changes ▁made ▁to ▁the ▁A IF ▁# 1 ▁eight ▁just ▁ten ▁days ▁before ▁the ▁event . ▁Later ▁that ▁month ▁he ▁again ▁rac ed ▁in ▁the ▁Australian ▁A IF ▁eight ▁when ▁they ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁Inter - Al lied ▁Reg atta ▁on ▁the ▁Seine ▁in ▁Paris . ▁ ▁Scott ▁returned ▁to ▁Australia ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁and ▁just ▁three ▁days ▁after ▁dis emb ark ation ▁in ▁Melbourne ▁he ▁rac ed ▁in ▁and ▁won |
▁a ▁Senior ▁F ours ▁event ▁( the ▁Ste ward ' s ▁Challenge ▁Cup ) ▁at ▁the ▁Hen ley ▁on ▁Y ar ra ▁reg atta ▁in ▁Melbourne ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁October ▁ 1 9 1 9 . ▁ ▁Post - war ▁row ing ▁Scott ▁returned ▁to ▁compet itive ▁row ing ▁at ▁Murray ▁Bridge . ▁The ▁Murray ▁Bridge ▁Row ing ▁Club ▁men ' s ▁eight ▁continued ▁as ▁the ▁dominant ▁Australian ▁club ▁eight ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s . ▁They ▁won ▁the ▁South ▁Australian ▁state ▁championship ▁from ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁by ▁a ▁margin ▁of ▁ten ▁lengths . ▁For ▁the ▁four ▁years ▁from ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁they ▁were ▁selected ▁in - t oto ▁as ▁the ▁South ▁Australian ▁men ' s ▁eight ▁to ▁contest ▁the ▁ ▁Inter state ▁e ights ▁title ▁( by ▁now ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Cup ) ▁at ▁the ▁Australian ▁Inter state ▁Reg atta . ▁Scott ▁row ed ▁in ▁the ▁four ▁seat ▁of ▁each ▁of ▁those ▁cre ws ▁and ▁row ed ▁in ▁those ▁South ▁Australian ▁King ' s ▁Cup ▁vict ories ▁of ▁ 1 9 2 0 , ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁and ▁ 1 9 2 3 ,. ▁ ▁The ▁South ▁Australian ▁media ▁pushed ▁for ▁Scott ' s ▁vict orious ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁King ' s ▁Cup ▁eight ▁to ▁be ▁sent ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁Ant werp ▁Olympics ▁but |
▁with ▁the ▁Victor ian ▁and ▁New ▁South ▁Wales ▁Row ing ▁Association ▁in ▁control ▁of ▁se lections ▁and ▁fund ing , ▁there ▁wasn ' t ▁sufficient ▁support ▁for ▁their ▁campaign . ▁By ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁with ▁South ▁Australia ▁continu ing ▁to ▁domin ate ▁Australian ▁e ights ▁row ing , ▁their ▁claim ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁denied ▁and ▁after ▁winning ▁a ▁test ▁event ▁rac ed ▁on ▁Port ▁Ad ela ide ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 4 , ▁Scott ▁and ▁the ▁South ▁Australian ▁crew ▁were ▁selected ▁in - t oto ▁to ▁represent ▁Australia ▁as ▁an ▁eight ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁Summer ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁Fund ing ▁was ▁raised ▁from ▁the ▁Murray ▁Bridge ▁Row ing ▁Club , ▁the ▁South ▁Australian ▁Row ing ▁Association ▁and ▁the ▁general ▁public ▁of ▁South ▁Australia . ▁The ▁crew ▁were ▁nick named ▁" the ▁Murray ▁C ods ". ▁ ▁Un like ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁Olympic ▁eight , ▁the ▁Murray ▁C ods ▁were ▁not ▁invited ▁to ▁race ▁in ▁lead - up ▁at ▁the ▁Hen ley ▁Royal ▁Reg atta ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Ted ▁Thomas ▁j nr ▁a ▁crew ▁member ' s ▁son , ▁assert ed ▁that ▁this ▁was ▁because ▁the ▁eight ▁was ▁cre wed ▁by ▁working ▁class ▁men ▁other ▁than ▁the ▁stroke ▁Bill ▁S lad den ▁ ▁It ' s ▁und is put ed ▁that ▁tour ▁funds ▁were ▁scar ce ▁and ▁on ▁arrival ▁in ▁France , ▁the ▁crew ▁had ▁to ▁row ▁their ▁shell ▁ 6 0 km ▁to ▁their ▁training ▁base ; |
▁that ▁on ▁tour ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁crew ▁bus ked ▁as ▁mus icians ▁to ▁raise ▁pocket ▁money ; ▁and ▁that ▁on ▁race ▁day ▁they ▁first ▁row ed ▁their ▁shell ▁ 2 6 ▁miles ▁from ▁their ▁boat sh ed ▁to ▁the ▁Olympic ▁course . ▁Their ▁equipment ▁was ▁also ▁sub - par ▁as ▁they ▁row ed ▁with ▁their ▁o ars ▁turning ▁in ▁out - rig ged ▁po ppets ▁rather ▁than ▁in ▁sw iv elling ▁gates ▁as ▁had ▁become ▁the ▁norm ▁by ▁ 1 9 2 4 . ▁In ▁the ▁Olympic ▁reg atta , ▁with ▁Scott ▁solid ▁in ▁the ▁four ▁seat , ▁the ▁Australian ▁eight ▁finished ▁second ▁behind ▁Italy ▁in ▁their ▁heat , ▁then ▁finished ▁third ▁in ▁the ▁repe ch age ▁and ▁didn ' t ▁advance ▁to ▁the ▁final . ▁ ▁Arthur ▁Scott ▁continued ▁on ▁as ▁a ▁first - class ▁o ars man ▁after ▁the ▁Olympics . ▁He ▁row ed ▁at ▁four ▁in ▁the ▁South ▁Australian ▁representative ▁e ights ▁in ▁the ▁King ' s ▁Cup ▁campaign s ▁of ▁ 1 9 2 5 ▁( four th ) ▁and ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁( second ). ▁All ▁told , ▁Scott ▁row ed ▁in ▁nine ▁South ▁Australian ▁King ' s ▁Cup ▁e ights ▁in ▁spite ▁of ▁war ▁interrupt ing ▁racing ▁for ▁five ▁years ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁his ▁career . ▁He ▁maintained ▁an ▁active ▁invol vement ▁in ▁row ing ▁right ▁through ▁to ▁his ▁f ift ies . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 6 6 ▁death s ▁Category : |
Austral ian ▁male ▁row ers ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁row ers ▁of ▁Australia ▁Category : Row ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : Austral ian ▁Army ▁soldiers ▁Category : Austral ian ▁military ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I <0x0A> </s> ▁Pan ch adas i ▁or ▁Pan ch ad ashi ▁( ▁De van ag ari : ▁ प ं च द श ी ▁I AST ▁pa ṃ c ada ś ī ) ▁is ▁a ▁simple ▁yet ▁compreh ensive ▁manual ▁of ▁Adv ait a ▁V ed anta ▁( अ द ् व ै त ▁ व े द ा न ् त , ▁adv ait a ▁ved ā nt a ) ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁four teenth ▁century ▁A . D ▁( 1 3 8 6 - 1 3 9 1 ) ▁by ▁Vid yar anya ▁( व ि द ् य ा र ण ् य ), ▁previously ▁known ▁as ▁Mad hav ach ary a ▁( म ा ध व ा च ा र ् य ). ▁ ▁Pan cha ▁( प ं च ) ▁is ▁five ▁and ▁das i ▁( द श ी ) ▁is ▁ten , ▁are ▁the ▁total ▁fifteen ▁chap ters ▁divided ▁into ▁three ▁qu int ets ▁the ▁three ▁aspects ▁of ▁Bra h man , ▁Sat ▁( स त , ▁Tr uth ), ▁Ch it ▁( च ि त , ▁Cons cious ness ) ▁and ▁An anda ▁( आ न ं द , ▁Bl iss ) ▁aspects ▁of ▁Re ality . ▁It ▁elabor ates ▁Adv ait a |
▁( अ द ् व ै त , non ▁dual ), ▁Cons cious ness , ▁J iva , ▁May a , ▁P rak rit i ▁( प ् र क <0xE0> <0xA5> <0x83> त ि , ▁p rak ṛ ti , ▁Nature ), ▁Mah at ▁( univers al ▁mind ), ▁Bud d hi ▁( Int el lect ), ▁A ham k ara ▁( E go ), ▁Av id ya ▁( Ign or ance ), ▁and ▁an anda ▁( Bl iss ). ▁ ▁D ating ▁ ▁Pan ch d asi ▁was ▁written ▁during ▁the ▁later ▁years ▁of ▁Vid yar anya ' s ▁life ▁around ▁ 1 3 8 6 ▁AD . ▁ ▁About ▁Vid yar anya ▁▁ ▁Vid yar anya ▁was ▁born ▁around ▁ 1 3 0 0 ▁A . D . ▁in ▁Sh al iv ah an ▁( श ा ल ि व ा ह न ) ▁South ▁India . ▁Mad h ava ▁Mad hav ach ary a , ▁Mad hav am ant ri , ▁Mad hav am at aya ▁were ▁the ▁names ▁which ▁Vid yar anya ▁was ▁known ▁before ▁his ▁turning ▁into ▁re cl use . ▁ ▁His ▁father ▁was ▁May ana ▁( म ा य ण ) ▁and ▁Mother ▁S rim ati ▁( श ् र ी म त ी ), ▁two ▁brothers ▁Say ana ▁( स ा य ण ), ▁and ▁Bh og anth a ▁( भ ो ग न ा थ ). ▁He ▁had ▁two ▁G urus ▁Sar v agy v ish nu ▁( स र ् व ज |
् <0xE0> <0xA4> <0x9E> व ि ष ् ण ु ) ▁and ▁Bh art ite er th ▁( भ ा र त ी त ी र ् थ ). ▁ ▁He ▁established ▁V ij ay an agar ▁Empire ▁in ▁ 1 3 3 5 ▁AD ▁with ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁H uk k ay ar ay ▁and ▁B uk kar ay . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁the ▁V ij ay an agar ▁emp ire . ▁Vid yar anya , ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁spiritual ▁head ▁of ▁S ring eri ▁Math ▁in ▁ 1 3 7 7 ▁A . D ▁to ▁ 1 3 8 6 ▁A . D . ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 3 9 1 ▁AD . ▁ ▁Vid yar anya , ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁spiritual ▁head ▁of ▁S ring eri ▁Math ▁in ▁ 1 3 7 7 ▁A . D ▁to ▁ 1 3 8 6 ▁A . D ., ▁and ▁also ▁wrote ▁Dr k - D rs ya - V ive ka , ▁Sar v ad ars ana ▁Sam gra ha , ▁Sri ▁Sank ara ▁Dig v ij aya , ▁J ivan mu kt i ▁V ive ka , ▁An ub h uti ▁P rak asa , ▁Viv aran ap rame y as am gra ha ▁and ▁Up an ish ad ▁D ip ika ▁has ▁been ▁identified ▁with ▁Say an ach ary a , ▁the ▁comment ator ▁on ▁the ▁V ed as , ▁whose ▁brother ▁he ▁most ▁likely ▁was . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁closely ▁connected ▁with ▁the ▁foundation ▁of |
▁V ij ay n agar ▁kingdom . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁minister ▁of ▁B uk ka - de var aya ▁of ▁the ▁Y ad ava ▁D ynast y ▁of ▁K arn ata ka , ▁his ▁younger ▁brother ▁was ▁Say ana , ▁and ▁Bh og anth a , ▁father ▁was ▁May ana ▁and ▁Mother ▁S rim ati . ▁He ▁had ▁two ▁G urus ▁Sar v av ish nu ▁and ▁Bh art ite er th . ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 3 9 1 ▁AD . ▁ ▁Th eme ▁ ▁The ▁Pan ch adas i ▁is ▁a ▁basic ▁text ▁which ▁introdu ces ▁into ▁central ▁doctrine ▁of ▁Adv ait a ▁V ed antic ▁philosophy . ▁De eper ▁concepts ▁are ▁de alt ▁in ▁more ▁advanced ▁treat ise ▁the ▁Up an ish ads , ▁the ▁Bra hm as ut ras ▁and ▁the ▁Bh ag av ad g ita . ▁ ▁The ▁purpose ▁of ▁the ▁life ▁is ▁the ▁real ization ▁of ▁the ▁experience ▁of ▁Ab solute ▁Ex istence , ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁highest ▁ful fill ment ▁all ▁the ▁asp ir ations ▁of ▁the ▁whole ▁of ▁creation . ▁ ▁Pan ch d asi ▁as ▁the ▁name ▁suggest ▁this ▁text , ▁" cons isting ▁of ▁ 1 5 ▁Chap ters ▁grouped ▁into ▁three ▁qu int ads . ▁This ▁is ▁very ▁much ▁like ▁the ▁three ▁aspects ▁of ▁Bra h man ▁– ▁sat ▁( ex istence ), ▁cit ▁( cons cious ness ) ▁and ▁an anda ▁( bl iss ), ▁respectively . ▁ ▁V ive ka - pan ch aka ▁ ▁( व ि |