text
stringlengths
27
153
label
stringlengths
27
153
id
int64
0
40k
then structure. in treated analysis genetic were Data separately a of Bayesian
Data were then treated separately in a Bayesian analysis of genetic structure.
7,600
to three probability species By achieved. species inferred membership high groups using loci, discriminant was
By using three species discriminant loci, high membership probability to inferred species groups was achieved.
7,601
identification species of an molecular provided is Thus, and effective tool provenances. for both
Thus, an effective tool is provided for molecular identification of both species and provenances.
7,602
genome selection, species Species discriminant identity. directional represent might affected which by maintains loci regions
Species discriminant loci might represent genome regions affected by directional selection, which maintains species identity.
7,603
are Stack of special non-linear a filters case filters.
Stack filters are a special case of non-linear filters.
7,604
binary function, then filter. which a characterizes image the is Each Boolean by filtered
Each binary image is then filtered by a Boolean function, which characterizes the filter.
7,605
Classification. system stage, of three comprises stages: Preprocessing The Feature and proposed Extraction
The proposed system comprises of three stages: Preprocessing stage, Feature Extraction and Classification.
7,606
filtering, skin stage matching. Preprocessing includes histogram
Preprocessing stage includes skin filtering, histogram matching.
7,607
walks problems in source of the are very (SAW) Self-avoiding enumerative and combinatorics. difficult probabilities
Self-avoiding walks (SAW) are the source of very difficult problems in probabilities and enumerative combinatorics.
7,608
(un)folded presented article. of is self-avoiding first this study A in walks
A first study of (un)folded self-avoiding walks is presented in this article.
7,609
of survey about contribution The known is majorly sets. currently is these what a
The contribution is majorly a survey of what is currently known about these sets.
7,610
we obtained, first and have results sets. the theoretically these computationally, on or
and the first results we have obtained, theoretically or computationally, on these sets.
7,611
and temperature, emotional ambient intake. state, alcohol
emotional state, ambient temperature, and alcohol intake.
7,612
addresses which novel a describe challenges. these method We
We describe a novel method which addresses these challenges.
7,613
which This (AAM) follows appearance warping is by achieved affine active fitting. model piecewise
This is achieved by piecewise affine warping which follows active appearance model (AAM) fitting.
7,614
representation both pose changes. scale robust much and This makes proposed more the to
This makes the proposed representation much more robust both to pose and scale changes.
7,615
shape method propose of detect curves. We a and new in to visualize outliers samples
We propose a new method to visualize and detect shape outliers in samples of curves.
7,616
reinforcement computationally Optimal learning approach infeasible. probabilistic in is
Optimal probabilistic approach in reinforcement learning is computationally infeasible.
7,617
and temperature, intake. ambient alcohol emotional state,
emotional state, ambient temperature, and alcohol intake.
7,618
method this these challenges. we novel which addresses a major paper In describe
In this paper we describe a novel method which addresses these major challenges.
7,619
achieved by affine AAM follows warping which fitting. This is piecewise
This is achieved by piecewise affine warping which follows AAM fitting.
7,620
distance camera). subject varying due a the of from to the
due to the varying distance of a subject from the camera).
7,621
lengths. evolution We with of different consider birth-and-death stochastic genotypes
We consider birth-and-death stochastic evolution of genotypes with different lengths.
7,622
effect. to death and The are length selection which rates corresponds birth dependent a
The birth and death rates are length dependent which corresponds to a selection effect.
7,623
study genotypes. an of We an for of a asymptotic collection infinite behavior density
We study an asymptotic behavior of a density for an infinite collection of genotypes.
7,624
and considered. are of homogeneous heterogeneous space cases space The densities
The cases of space homogeneous and space heterogeneous densities are considered.
7,625
two-dimensional extend quantitatively expansions. Our to results and qualitatively
Our results extend qualitatively and quantitatively to two-dimensional expansions.
7,626
to universal, induction known Solomonoff but be is incomputable.
Solomonoff induction is known to be universal, but incomputable.
7,627
bounds which rationality Therefore flexibly-bounded within the is exercised. expands rationality
Therefore flexibly-bounded rationality expands the bounds within which rationality is exercised.
7,628
the properties dynamic Here we formulate histone patterns. model mathematical a of investigate to modification
Here we formulate a mathematical model to investigate the dynamic properties of histone modification patterns.
7,629
should for considered be parts data of clustering? which First,
First, which parts of data should be considered for clustering?
7,630
clustering for Second, suitable method what is de-noising? data
Second, what data clustering method is suitable for de-noising?
7,631
to dictionary. is learn an over exploited complete Clustering
Clustering is exploited to learn an over complete dictionary.
7,632
a heritage is quantified evolutionary diversity of by The phylogenetic biodiversity frequently (PD). measure called
The evolutionary heritage of biodiversity is frequently quantified by a measure called phylogenetic diversity (PD).
7,633
in for flexibility these three-dimensional the motions is How intrinsic structures? their encoded required
How is the intrinsic flexibility required for these motions encoded in their three-dimensional structures?
7,634
be determinant accessibility solvent of local flexibility. is primary residue a local Finally, shown to
Finally, local solvent accessibility is shown to be a primary determinant of local residue flexibility.
7,635
objects, actors,and simple does compositions the How human of brain represent actions?
How does the human brain represent simple compositions of objects, actors,and actions?
7,636
viewed again scanning the while ), during sequence (fMRI). action subjects
), again while subjects viewed the action sequence during scanning (fMRI).
7,637
the and systems, TPJ, i.e. 'where' and 'what'
the 'what' and 'where' systems, and TPJ, i.e.
7,638
of evidence interspecific crossings progeny are that provides Analysis rare. arrays
Analysis of progeny arrays provides evidence that interspecific crossings are rare.
7,639
chloroplast introgression finding is limited This of supported further genomes. by
This finding is further supported by limited introgression of chloroplast genomes.
7,640
might this account phenology, post-zygotic incompatibilities) asynchronous for result.
asynchronous phenology, post-zygotic incompatibilities) might account for this result.
7,641
morphologically. species observed studied has Hybridization already been between the and two
Hybridization between the two species has already been observed and studied morphologically.
7,642
of genetic evidence little exists about extent However, the introgression.
However, little evidence exists about the extent of genetic introgression.
7,643
were of used microsatellites a analysis DNA genetic barriers. for Chloroplast spatial
Chloroplast DNA microsatellites were used for a spatial analysis of genetic barriers.
7,644
main explained the variation genetic groups. species partition was part by The into of nuclear
The main part of the nuclear genetic variation was explained by partition into species groups.
7,645
funnels. and landscapes repeats with multiple embedded related fundamentally structural Similarly, mosaics to be may
Similarly, repeats and structural mosaics may be fundamentally related to landscapes with multiple embedded funnels.
7,646
structural protein molecules. and repetitions to detect Here in tools compare present we analytical
Here we present analytical tools to detect and compare structural repetitions in protein molecules.
7,647
recognize different propose to gestures. Hence hand approach an we easy
Hence we propose an easy approach to recognize different hand gestures.
7,648
to algorithm mean a adapt the field. Therefore, the we fluctuations Gillespie also around reproduce
Therefore, we also adapt a Gillespie algorithm to reproduce the fluctuations around the mean field.
7,649
characterize The stochastic scheme exploited is model. DE the to
The DE scheme is exploited to characterize the stochastic model.
7,650
a any much more allows detailed our the of case, description model fights. In
In any case, our model allows a much more detailed description of the fights.
7,651
is celebrated known Auto-Regression. as problem This a
This is a celebrated problem known as Auto-Regression.
7,652
speech simple done estimation simulations and on Two have spectrum coding. been
Two simple simulations have been done on spectrum estimation and speech coding.
7,653
for up ground rapid data set corresponding truth. acquisition of allows annotation and Our with
Our set up allows for rapid acquisition and annotation of data with corresponding ground truth.
7,654
algorithm proposed The are detail. properties and evaluated the discrimination in of robustness
The robustness and discrimination properties of the proposed algorithm are evaluated in detail.
7,655
this as embodied matrix In Decomposition. by Value invariants spectral we use paper, Singular
In this paper, we use spectral matrix invariants as embodied by Singular Value Decomposition.
7,656
well-suited hardware. are All current computer to
All are well-suited to current computer hardware.
7,657
are a hardware with performance including software comparison different the Empirical configurations. of presented, results
Empirical results are presented, including a performance comparison of the software with different hardware configurations.
7,658
features SPM exceptional task. on car distance achieve for the performance MDS The recognition based
The MDS features based on SPM distance achieve exceptional performance for the car recognition task.
7,659
operator. estimation blur Consequently, non-uniform the requires a of successful spatially-varying blind or deconvolution
Consequently, successful blind deconvolution requires the estimation of a spatially-varying or non-uniform blur operator.
7,660
a free. parameter virtually is can that algorithm using implemented The be strategy majorization-minimization
The algorithm can be implemented using a majorization-minimization strategy that is virtually parameter free.
7,661
real theoretical proposed and images the serve validation to method. Detailed empirical analysis validate on
Detailed theoretical analysis and empirical validation on real images serve to validate the proposed method.
7,662
only association the in edges pairwise However, statistics depend fields of on natural scenes.
However, association fields only depend on the pairwise statistics of edges in natural scenes.
7,663
embedding reveals analysis spectral a An using probabilistic components. curvature-dependent
An analysis using a probabilistic spectral embedding reveals curvature-dependent components.
7,664
that the of) show we divergence and (half equivalent are beta statistical measures. deviance Further,
Further, we show that beta divergence and (half of) the statistical deviance are equivalent measures.
7,665
open of bases still However, largely a rule is evolution handling problem. the
However, handling the evolution of rule bases is still a largely open problem.
7,666
symmetry with robust We consider covariance constraints. estimation group
We consider robust covariance estimation with group symmetry constraints.
7,667
sets of examples structures. such proper include: and complex/quaternion Practical circulant, persymmetric
Practical examples of such sets include: circulant, persymmetric and complex/quaternion proper structures.
7,668
Bayesian a only estimation. However, few papers considered
However, only a few papers considered Bayesian estimation.
7,669
article the intelligence". This an of is theory overview of "SP
This article is an overview of the "SP theory of intelligence".
7,670
"multiple of a alignment" central is The idea. concept powerful
The concept of "multiple alignment" is a powerful central idea.
7,671
probabilities calculated. multiple be alignment, each may For
For each multiple alignment, probabilities may be calculated.
7,672
the of These for calculating provide probabilities the basis inferences.
These provide the basis for calculating the probabilities of inferences.
7,673
partial from patterns. matches new learns between The structures system
The system learns new structures from partial matches between patterns.
7,674
viewpoint on focussing Wide-baseline change extreme is considered. matching with problems
Wide-baseline matching focussing on problems with extreme viewpoint change is considered.
7,675
actions. of with different a classify dataset couple dozens Currently only most systems
Currently most systems only classify dataset with a couple of dozens different actions.
7,676
extraction computational from often is complex. Moreover, data the feature
Moreover, feature extraction from the data is often computational complex.
7,677
Often questions based these reasoning. require simulation
Often these questions require simulation based reasoning.
7,678
higher colored we constructs a tokens. As result, level need like
As a result, we need higher level constructs like colored tokens.
7,679
to Our modeling approach can domains with other be needs. similar adapted
Our approach can be adapted to other domains with similar modeling needs.
7,680
covariance events define tiger An brown prawns. used at of to analysis was fishing targeted
An analysis of covariance was used to define fishing events targeted at brown tiger prawns.
7,681
variations fishing general A linear estimated of model power. inter-annual
A general linear model estimated inter-annual variations of fishing power.
7,682
effort recent in were this fishery The fishing causes of in discussed. decline
The causes of recent decline in fishing effort in this fishery were discussed.
7,683
It and the itself structures inferential lends knowledge processes. visualisation to of
It lends itself to the visualisation of knowledge structures and inferential processes.
7,684
to this experiment declarative the problem. encourage readers approaches also We different with to
We also encourage the readers to experiment with different declarative approaches to this problem.
7,685
computational is the most Protein one of in problems structure biology. prediction important
Protein structure prediction is one of the most important problems in computational biology.
7,686
composite non-directional model We sensory on search a developed of cues. based
We developed a model of composite search based on non-directional sensory cues.
7,687
method efficient the about be At will last concluding we i.e.
At last we will be concluding about the efficient method i.e.
7,688
methods. performance compared gives that better the the to other method
the method that gives better performance compared to the other methods.
7,689
within SMC algorithms use Such dynamics. the algorithms transition afore-mentioned the
Such algorithms use the afore-mentioned SMC algorithms within the transition dynamics.
7,690
part the can In reasoning. through knowledge many of recover missing cases one
In many cases one can recover part of the missing knowledge through reasoning.
7,691
then the discuss answering and how this We respect with implication to of why questions.
We then discuss the implication of this with respect to answering why and how questions.
7,692
They hunt not rarely protein. do and of rich sources encounter consequently
They rarely hunt and consequently do not encounter rich sources of protein.
7,693
they Instead carbohydrates. to adapted primarily have of diet a
Instead they have adapted to a diet of primarily carbohydrates.
7,694
till advancements present paper presents those art of This the day. state areas in
This paper presents state of the art advancements in those areas till present day.
7,695
this Our comparison superior that dataset. produced of systems method to on results
Our method produced results superior to that of comparison systems on this dataset.
7,696
threading allows An individual for sequences. of extension subtrees of instead
An extension allows for threading of subtrees instead of individual sequences.
7,697
these called methods program in a have We computer ARGweaver. implemented
We have implemented these methods in a computer program called ARGweaver.
7,698
to reducing Constraint powerful is (CP) Nogood approach a in learning Programming search solvers.
Nogood learning is a powerful approach to reducing search in Constraint Programming (CP) solvers.
7,699