dangermouse77/FromAnswerToQuestion-SQuADplusTriviaQA

answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀	question stringlengths 1 25.7k
contraceptive pills	What do antibiotics interfere with?
about 1%	What percent is the failure rate of contraceptive pills?
absorption of estrogens	Whhat does intestinal flora reduce?
oral contraceptives	In therapy, what does the antibacterial interact with?
antibiotics do interfere	Do antibiotics mess with birth control pills?
extra contraceptive measures	What should women do if they are using antibiotics and birth control pills?
about 1%	What is birth control failure rate due to antibiotics?
decreased effectiveness	What is one potential issue with drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics?
moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics	Do all antibiotics interact dangerously with alcohol?
there are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects	Is it OK to drink alcohol while taking any antibiotic?
widespread	How common is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed?
decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy	What can alcohol and certain antibiotics cause?
alcohol consumption	What is unlikely to interfere with with many common antibiotics?
alcohol and antibiotics	What belief should bever be mixed widespread?
alcohol	What common drug can reduce antibiotic effectiveness?
specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects	What type of antibiotic is most likely to be a problem with alcohol?
alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed	Should alcohol be used while on antibiotics?
Intrinsic antibacterial resistance	What is part of hje the make up of bacterial strains?
antibacterial resistance genes	What is exchanged between between bacterial strains or species via plasmids that have this resistance?
antibiotic target	What can be absent from the bacterial genome?
vertical transmission	When does the spread of antibacterial resistance frequently occurs/
mutation	What does some resistance come from?
vertical transmission of mutations	What method of spread can occur in antibacterial resistance?
carry several different resistance genes	What do plasmids do in resistance?
superbugs	What are strains that are resistant to antibiotics called sometimes?
tuberculosis	What was a once almost controlled disease that is coming back do to resistance?
half a million	How many new infections of resistant TB are reported per year?
MDR-TB	What is the acronym used to describe resistant TB?
Inappropriate antibiotic treatment and overuse	What are the two biggest reasons for resistance?
Self prescription	What is a common method of misuse?
overuse of antibiotics	What is an example of bad treatment causing resistance?
prophylactic antibiotics	What is a way of improperly using antibiotics for those traveling?
failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage	What can happen if a doctor doesn't prescribe to a person's weight and prior use?
failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery	What are 3 other common forms of bad antibiotic practices?
Inappropriate antibiotic treatment	What happens when a cold is treated with antibiotics?
prescribe antibiotics	What do doctors usually do when a patient seems to want antibiotics even though they may not be right?
US Interagency Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance	What is the name of a US government agency tasked with trying to stop improper use of antibiotics?
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)	Which agencies control this task force?
2002	When did the French start going after overuse of antibiotics?
2003	When did the EU ban antibiotics for speeding up growth?
Swann report 1969	What report caused the UK to worry about resistance?
American Society for Microbiology (ASM), American Public Health Association (APHA) and the American Medical Association (AMA)	What 3 US organizations have called for the banning of antibiotics in the production of food animals?
S.742 and H.R. 2562	Name two US bills that want to ban antibiotics in food production?
American Holistic Nurses' Association, the American Medical Association, and the American Public Health Association (APHA)	What 3 medical associations supported the bills?
animal husbandry	What besides sick people are antibiotics used for?
1977	When was resistance first discussed as a problem in the raising of farm animals?
March 2012	When did a district court order the FDA to stop approving antibiotics in animals?
medicinal folklore	What methods did people use before antibiotics to treat infections?
over 2000 years ago	When were some kinds of antimicrobials first used?
mold and plant materials and extracts	What type of things did Egyptians and Greeks use?
against life	What does antibiosis mean?
Jean Paul Vuillemin	Who came up with the term antibiosis?
mold	What type of organism has been reported to have worked on infections?
Alexander Fleming	Who noticed in a lab the antibacterial characteristics of mold?
penicillin	What mold did Fleming notice had antibacterial properties?
chemotherapy	What did Fleming initially think a good use would be for it?
Prontosil	What was the first available antibiotic?
IG Farben	What company developed Prontosil?
Gerhard Domagk	Who led the team that came up with Prontosil?
1939 Nobel Prize for Medicine	What prize did Domagk get for his work?
tyrothricin	What was the first antibiotic developed from nature?
1939	When was tyrothricin created?
start of World War II,	What also happened in 1939 besides tyrothricin?
Rene Dubos	Who discovered tyrothricin?
wounds and ulcers	What was tyrothricin used for during the war?
1942	When was penicillin G first purified?
1945	When did penicillin G become available outside of military use?
Norman Heatley	Who came up with a way to quickly produce penicillin?
1945	When was the chemical make-up of penicillin discovered?
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin	Who discovered the chemical structure of penicillin?
immune modulation or augmentation	What do vaccines need to work?
Antibacterial vaccines	What type of vaccines have saved millions of lives?
Vaccines made from attenuated whole cells or lysates	What types of vaccines have been phased out?
Phage therapy	What has been talked about to treat resistant bacteria?
infecting pathogenic bacteria	How have researchers been doing this?
phages will infect "good" bacteria	What is a worry of using phages?
2	How many antibiotics have been created in the last 7 years?
seven	How many are in the pipelin to fight GNB?
2013	What year did the Infectious Disease Society of America say that production of new antibiotics does not keep up with resistance?
FDA	Who regulates antibiotic approval?
economic incentives	What could help to spur pharmaceuticals to make new antibiotics?
superbugs	What are resistant bacteria called in the media?
Allan Coukell,	Who is a director at the Pew Charitable Trusts?
Polish and French	What was Frédéric's nationalities?
Romantic era	In what era was Frédéric active in?
solo piano	For what instrument did Frédéric write primarily for?
Duchy of Warsaw	In what area was Frédéric born in?
20	At what age did Frédéric depart from Poland?
1810	What year was Chopin born?
Romantic era	What era was Chopin active during?
Warsaw	Where did Chopin grow up?
solo piano	What instrument did he mostly compose for?
20	At what age did Chopin leave Poland?
17 October 1849	When did Chopin die?
Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin	What was Chopin's full name?
solo piano	The majority of Chopin's compositions were for what instrument?
Romantic era	Chopin was active during what era?
1810	In what year was Chopin born?
Warsaw	In what city was Chopin born and raised?
20	How old was Chopin when he left Poland?

contraceptive pills

What do antibiotics interfere with?

about 1%

What percent is the failure rate of contraceptive pills?

absorption of estrogens

Whhat does intestinal flora reduce?

oral contraceptives

In therapy, what does the antibacterial interact with?

antibiotics do interfere

Do antibiotics mess with birth control pills?

extra contraceptive measures

What should women do if they are using antibiotics and birth control pills?

about 1%

What is birth control failure rate due to antibiotics?

decreased effectiveness

What is one potential issue with drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics?

moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics

Do all antibiotics interact dangerously with alcohol?

there are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects

Is it OK to drink alcohol while taking any antibiotic?

widespread

How common is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed?

decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy

What can alcohol and certain antibiotics cause?

alcohol consumption

What is unlikely to interfere with with many common antibiotics?

alcohol and antibiotics

What belief should bever be mixed widespread?

alcohol

What common drug can reduce antibiotic effectiveness?

specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects

What type of antibiotic is most likely to be a problem with alcohol?

alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed

Should alcohol be used while on antibiotics?

Intrinsic antibacterial resistance

What is part of hje the make up of bacterial strains?

antibacterial resistance genes

What is exchanged between between bacterial strains or species via plasmids that have this resistance?

antibiotic target

What can be absent from the bacterial genome?

vertical transmission

When does the spread of antibacterial resistance frequently occurs/

mutation

What does some resistance come from?

vertical transmission of mutations

What method of spread can occur in antibacterial resistance?

carry several different resistance genes

What do plasmids do in resistance?

superbugs

What are strains that are resistant to antibiotics called sometimes?

tuberculosis

What was a once almost controlled disease that is coming back do to resistance?

half a million

How many new infections of resistant TB are reported per year?

MDR-TB

What is the acronym used to describe resistant TB?

Inappropriate antibiotic treatment and overuse

What are the two biggest reasons for resistance?

Self prescription

What is a common method of misuse?

overuse of antibiotics

What is an example of bad treatment causing resistance?

prophylactic antibiotics

What is a way of improperly using antibiotics for those traveling?

failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage

What can happen if a doctor doesn't prescribe to a person's weight and prior use?

failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery

What are 3 other common forms of bad antibiotic practices?

Inappropriate antibiotic treatment

What happens when a cold is treated with antibiotics?

prescribe antibiotics

What do doctors usually do when a patient seems to want antibiotics even though they may not be right?

US Interagency Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance

What is the name of a US government agency tasked with trying to stop improper use of antibiotics?

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Which agencies control this task force?

2002

When did the French start going after overuse of antibiotics?

2003

When did the EU ban antibiotics for speeding up growth?

Swann report 1969

What report caused the UK to worry about resistance?

American Society for Microbiology (ASM), American Public Health Association (APHA) and the American Medical Association (AMA)

What 3 US organizations have called for the banning of antibiotics in the production of food animals?

S.742 and H.R. 2562

Name two US bills that want to ban antibiotics in food production?

American Holistic Nurses' Association, the American Medical Association, and the American Public Health Association (APHA)

What 3 medical associations supported the bills?

animal husbandry

What besides sick people are antibiotics used for?

1977

When was resistance first discussed as a problem in the raising of farm animals?

March 2012

When did a district court order the FDA to stop approving antibiotics in animals?

medicinal folklore

What methods did people use before antibiotics to treat infections?

over 2000 years ago

When were some kinds of antimicrobials first used?

mold and plant materials and extracts

What type of things did Egyptians and Greeks use?

against life

What does antibiosis mean?

Jean Paul Vuillemin

Who came up with the term antibiosis?

mold

What type of organism has been reported to have worked on infections?

Alexander Fleming

Who noticed in a lab the antibacterial characteristics of mold?

penicillin

What mold did Fleming notice had antibacterial properties?

chemotherapy

What did Fleming initially think a good use would be for it?

Prontosil

What was the first available antibiotic?

IG Farben

What company developed Prontosil?

Gerhard Domagk

Who led the team that came up with Prontosil?

1939 Nobel Prize for Medicine

What prize did Domagk get for his work?

tyrothricin

What was the first antibiotic developed from nature?

1939

When was tyrothricin created?

start of World War II,

What also happened in 1939 besides tyrothricin?

Rene Dubos

Who discovered tyrothricin?

wounds and ulcers

What was tyrothricin used for during the war?

1942

When was penicillin G first purified?

1945

When did penicillin G become available outside of military use?

Norman Heatley

Who came up with a way to quickly produce penicillin?

1945

When was the chemical make-up of penicillin discovered?

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin

Who discovered the chemical structure of penicillin?

immune modulation or augmentation

What do vaccines need to work?

Antibacterial vaccines

What type of vaccines have saved millions of lives?

Vaccines made from attenuated whole cells or lysates

What types of vaccines have been phased out?

Phage therapy

What has been talked about to treat resistant bacteria?

infecting pathogenic bacteria

How have researchers been doing this?

phages will infect "good" bacteria

What is a worry of using phages?

2

How many antibiotics have been created in the last 7 years?

seven

How many are in the pipelin to fight GNB?

2013

What year did the Infectious Disease Society of America say that production of new antibiotics does not keep up with resistance?

FDA

Who regulates antibiotic approval?

economic incentives

What could help to spur pharmaceuticals to make new antibiotics?

superbugs

What are resistant bacteria called in the media?

Allan Coukell,

Who is a director at the Pew Charitable Trusts?

Polish and French

What was Frédéric's nationalities?

Romantic era

In what era was Frédéric active in?

solo piano

For what instrument did Frédéric write primarily for?

Duchy of Warsaw

In what area was Frédéric born in?

20

At what age did Frédéric depart from Poland?

1810

What year was Chopin born?

Romantic era

What era was Chopin active during?

Warsaw

Where did Chopin grow up?

solo piano

What instrument did he mostly compose for?

20

At what age did Chopin leave Poland?

17 October 1849

When did Chopin die?

Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin

What was Chopin's full name?

solo piano

The majority of Chopin's compositions were for what instrument?

Romantic era

Chopin was active during what era?

1810

In what year was Chopin born?

Warsaw

In what city was Chopin born and raised?

20

How old was Chopin when he left Poland?