answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
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consonant clusters | What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too? |
double stops and single stops | What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic? |
Preaspirated stops | The Sami tongue also has what? |
North Sami | Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated? |
up to four | How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have? |
True aspirated voiced consonants | Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what? |
rare | True aspirated consonants are considered what? |
Kx'a languages | True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else? |
Aspiration | What has a different significance in various languages? |
allophonic or phonemic | What two forms can aspiration be in? |
allophonic | Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages? |
voicing | How are stops distinguished? |
aspirated | Voiceless stops are at times what? |
unaspirated | Voiced stops are most often what? |
unaspirated | When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers? |
compound words | If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what? |
aspirated | If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what? |
unaspirated | If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what? |
phonemic | In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what? |
phonemes | [p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what? |
their lack of aspiration | How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants? |
⟨p t k⟩ | If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts? |
aspiration | Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what? |
pinyin | Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what? |
aspirated stops | What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants? |
Wu Chinese | What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates? |
/p pʰ b/ | What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese? |
Muddy consonants | What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants? |
slack or breathy | What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with? |
four | How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have? |
breathy-voiced | What is another term for voice-aspirated? |
breathy-voiced consonants | Which distinction has Punjabi lost? |
Dravidian | Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages? |
native Dravidian words | What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated? |
Western Armenian | What language has two-way distinctions between aspirated and voiced? |
/d/ | Western Armenian /tʰ/ compares to eastern Armenian /tʰ/ and what? |
/t/ | The Western Armenian voiced /d/ compares to the Eastern Armenian voiceless what? |
aspirated stops. | Early Greek (before Koine) have been redone with what? |
Classical Attic | What Greek dialect had three-way stop distinction like Eastern Armenian? |
Greek grammarians | Who referred to the Classical Attic dialect stops by the three distinctions? |
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ | What is the representation for the three places of articulation? |
Mycenaean Greek | Earlier Greek was represented by what? |
dialect and phonetic environment | Whether a stop was labial, coronal or velar depended on what two things? |
three | Dialects such as Aeolic and Doric had how many distinctions that were the same at one point in time? |
Ionic and Aeolic | Which two dialects lost aspiration at times? |
fricative | Rather than /tʰ/, what did the Doric dialect have in place during the Classical period? |
voiceless and voiced fricatives | Attic Greek lenited to what? |
Medieval and Modern Greek | The lenited Attic Greek yielded /θ ð/ in what periods? |
debuccalization | Aspiration may refer to a sound change of what? |
glottal stop or fricative | Debuccalization is when consonants are weakened to become what? |
lenited | What is another term for a consonant being weakened? |
a type of phonation or vibration of the vocal folds | What is breathy voice? |
⟨b̤⟩, with the diacritic | The ⟨bʰ⟩ in the Indo-Aryan languages is better transcribed how for breathy voice? |
murmured sonorants | What do some linguists restrict the double-dot subscript ⟨◌̤⟩ to? |
vowels and nasals | What are, according to the text, murmured for their duration? |
breathy-voiced release of obstruents. | What uses the ⟨◌ʱ⟩? |
H | What is hydrogens chemical symbol? |
1 | What is the atomic number used for hydrogen? |
7000100794000000000♠1.00794 u | What is the atomic weight for hydrogen? |
Hydrogen | What element is considered the lightest? |
molecular | What form can you find hydrogen is on Earth? |
H2 | What is the molecular make-up of hydrogen? |
colorless, odorless, tasteless | What are three properties of hydrogen at normal temperature and normal pressure? |
negative | What charge does hydrogen display in ionic compounds when it is called a hydride? |
quantum mechanics | What field of study has hydrogen and it's properties played a key role in development? |
early 16th century | When was hydrogen gas artificially produced for the first time? |
Henry Cavendish | Who first recognized that hydrogen was a discrete substance? |
water | When it is burned what does hydrogen make? |
water-former | What is the Greek translation for hydrogen? |
the fertilizer market | What market primarily uses ammonia production? |
hydrocracking | Name a process that uses fossil fuels along with hydrogen. |
286 kJ/mol | For hydrogen what is the enthalpy of combustion? |
dihydrogen or molecular hydrogen | What are two forms of hydrogen gas? |
Hydrogen | Which element has a enthalpy of combustion at −286 kJ/mol? |
ultraviolet light | What kind of light do hydrogen-oxygen flames make? |
hydrogen combustion | What caused the Hindenburg to explode? |
hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride | What are two other dangerous acids? |
room temperature | What temperature does hydrogen react with these elements? |
Bohr model | What model id used to calculate energy levels of hydrogen? |
gravity | What attracts planets and celestial items? |
electrons and protons | What does the electromagnetic force attract to one another? |
angular | What kind of movement does the electron not have in ground state? |
2 | How many different spin isomers exist? |
triplet state | What state are the protons in when in the orthohydrogen form? |
normal | When hydrogen gas is in standard temperature and pressure, what form is it considered in> |
25% | What percent of para form does hydrogen gas contain? |
75% | What percent of ortho form does hydrogen gas contain? |
ferric oxide, activated carbon, platinized asbestos, rare earth metals, uranium compounds, chromic oxide, or some nickel compounds | What are some catalysts used in hydrogen cooling |
positive charge | What ind of charge does hydrogen take when mixed with electronegative particles? |
negative | What type of charge does hydrogen take when combined with a metal? |
hydrides | When hydrogen forms with a metal, what is the compound called? |
not | Is H2 reactive in standard conditions? |
hydrocarbons | What is the form of hydrogen and carbon called? |
organic compounds | What is the form of hydrogen and heteroatoms called? |
organic chemistry | What is the study of organic compounds properties known as? |
biochemistry | What is the study of living organisms known as? |
carbon | Organic compounds are only required to conatin what? |
Gilbert N. Lewis | Who suggested that hydride anions existed?character does the H atom have in a hydride? |
group II | What group of hydrides is BEH considered polymeric? |
over 100 | How many binary borane hydrides are known? |
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