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The alphabet
What depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups?
The Orthodox
Who uses the Cyrillic alphabet?
the Roman Catholics
Who uses the Latin alphabet?
the Bosniaks
Other than the Roman Catholics, who else uses Latin?
the Lacinka alphabet
What is a Latin script to write in Belarusian?
Proto-Slavic
What is the supposed ancestor of all Slavic languages?
Baltic languages
Proto-Slavic developed numerous lexical and morphophonological isoglosses with what languages?
Balto-Slavic
The Indo-Europeans who remained after the migrations became speakers of what?
Indo-Europeans
Who became speakers of Balto-Slavic?
Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Slavic is a descendant of what?
Common Slavic or Late Proto-Slavic
Proto-Slavic is sometimes referred to as what?
Proto-Slavic
What is defined as the last stage of the language preceding the geographical split of the historical Slavic languages?
Thessaloniki
Old Church Slavonic manuscripts were based on the local Slavic speech of what?
Old Church Slavonic manuscripts
What could still serve the purpose of the first common Slavic literary language?
between the 6th and 10th centuries
When were pagan Slavic populations Christianized?
Orthodox Christianity
What religion is predominant in the East and South Slavs?
Roman Catholicism
What religion is predominant in the West and western South Slavs?
11th century
When did the East-West Schism begin?
Orthodox
The majority of contemporary Slavic populations who profess a religion are what?
Slavs
Who is customarily divided along geographical lines into tree major subgroups?
West Slavs, East Slavs, and South Slavs
What three major subgroups are Slavs divided into?
non-Slavic Bronze- and Iron Age
The Slav subgroups have had notable cultural contact with what kind of civilisations?
the Lemkos
Ethnic affiliation of who has become an ideological conflict?
Transcarpathia and abroad
The idea of "Carpatho-Ruthenian" nation is supported only by Lemkos residing where?
Czechs
Most inhabitants of historic Moravia considered themselves as what?
Silesians
What group is considered part of the Poles?
Bosniak
Most Slavic Muslims now opt for what ethnicity?
Bosniak and Muslim
What two groups are considered two ethnonyms for a single ethnicity and the terms may even be used interchangeably?
Bosnia and Herzegovina
A small number of people declare themselves Bosniak but are not necessarily Muslim by faith within what regions?
Yugoslav republics
This identity continues to be used by a minority throughout the what former republics?
USA and Canada
The nationality is also declared by diasporans living where?
Bačka
Where are Bunjevci located?
Slavonia and Vojvodina
Where are Šokci located?
Kosovo
Where are Janjevci located?
Austria
Where are Burgenland Croats located?
Romania
Where are Krashovans located?
Carantanians and Somogy Slovenes
What sub-groups of Slovenes are extinct?
Prekmurians, Hungarian Slovenes, Carinthian Slovenes, Venetian Slovenes, Resians
What are the current sub-groups of Slovenes?
the Grenzers
Serbs of Croatia are mostly descendants of who?
northern Croatia
Where are Zagorci located?
westernmost Croatia
Where are Istrijani located?
Adriatic islands
Where are Boduli located?
hinterland of Dalmatia
Where are Vlaji located?
R1a1a [M17] and I2a2a
What two DNA haplogroups predominate in modern Slavic peoples?
63.39%
What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in the Sorbs?
56.4%
What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in Poland?
54%
What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in Ukraine?
52%
What is the frequency of Haplogroup R1a in Russia?
2007
When did Rębała and colleagues studied several Slavic populations with the aim of localizing the Proto-Slavic homeland?
Rębała
Who studied several Slavic populations with the aim of localizing the Proto-Slavic homeland?
the Proto-Slavic homeland
In 2007 Rębała and colleagues studied several Slavic populations with the aim of localizing what?
Marcin Woźniak and colleagues
Who searched for specifically Slavic sub-group of R1a1a [M17]?
2010
When did Marcin Woźniak search specifically for Slavic sub-group of R1a1a [M17]?
Peter Underhill
The team that discovered M458 was led by who?
Pomors
What is distinguished by the presence of Y Haplogroup N?
Y Haplogroup N
Pomors are distinguished by the presence of what?
Uralic peoples
Y Haplogroup N are found at high rates in who?
central-eastern Europe
Russians are generally similar to populations in what region?
Northern Russians
Pomors are also known as what?
South Slavic populations
I2a1b1 is typical of what populations?
Bosnia-Herzegovina
I2a1b1 is found being highest where?
north-eastern Italians
Haplogroup I2a2 is commonly found in what group of people?
west Balkans
Hg I2a2 was believed to have arisen where?
Ken Nordtvedt
Who has split I2a2 into two clades?
2008
When did Boris Arkadievich Malyarchuk use a sample of Czech individuals to determine the frequency of "Monigoloid" "mtDNA lineages"?
Boris Arkadievich Malyarchuk
Who used a sample of Czech individuals to determine the frequency of "Monigoloid" "mtDNA lineages"?
Slavic populations
Malyarchuk found Czech mtDNA lineages were typical of what populations?
Malyarchuk said that other Slavs "Mongoloid component" was increased during the waves of migration from "steppe populations
Malyarchuk said the Mongoloid component of Slavic people was partially added before the split of "Balto-Slavics" in what time period?
steppe populations
Malyarchuk said that other Slavs "Mongoloid component" was increased during the waves of migration from what populations?
1228
DNA from how many Russians show that the Y chromosomes fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to West Eurasian populations?
West Eurasian
DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to what populations?
95%
Taken together, they account for what percentage of the total Russian Y chromosomal pool?
0.7%
What percentage fell into haplogroups that are specific to East and South Asian populations?
European
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) examined in Poles and Russians revealed the presence of what major haplogroups?
Ukraine
What is the posulated homeland region of the Slavs?
Iranic Sarmatians and the Germanic Goths
Who did the Slavs have contact with in Ukraine?
non-Slavic peoples
After their subsequent spread, they began assimilating who?
Paleo-Balkan peoples
What peoples where in the Balkans?
The Thracians and Illyrians
Who vanished from the population of the Balkans?
In the Western Balkans
Where did South Slavs and Germanic Gepids intermarried with Avar invaders?
Avar invaders
In the Western Balkans, South Slavs and Germanic Gepids intermarried with who?
Germanic and Celtic
In Central Europe, the Slavs intermixed with who?
Uralic and Scandinavian peoples
The eastern Slavs intermixed with who?
the Rus' state
Scandinavians (Varangians) and Finnic peoples were involved in the early formation of what state?
Polabian Slavs (Wends)
Who settled in parts of England?
parts of England (Danelaw)
Where did Polabian Slavs (Wends) settle?
Norse age Iceland
Polabian-Pomeranian Slavs are also known to have even settled where?
Saqaliba
What refers to the Slavic mercenaries and slaves in the medieval Arab world in North Africa, Sicily and Al-Andalus?
caliph's guards
Saqaliba served as what?
Tatars and other Turks
Cossacks came from what backgrounds?
Ossetians
Many early members of the Terek Cossacks were what?
Orthodox Christians
What religious affiliation did the Cossacks have?
southern Poland and northern Slovakia
Where did the Gorals reside?
Gorals
Who descended from Romance-speaking Vlachs?
14th to 17th centuries
When did the Vlachs migrate into the region?
Moravian Wallachia
What population descended from the Vlachs?
the Magyar or Romanian population
Slavs that remained in the Carpathian basin were assimilated into who?
Romania
There is a large number of river names and other placenames of Slavic origin in what country?
Bulgaria
Majority of Slavs continued south to the riches of the territory that became what country?
Carpathian basin
Where did the Slavs that assimilated into the Magyar or Romanian population remain?