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Not-self
What is the 3rd mark of existence?
Nikayas
In what form is anatta not meant as a metaphysical assertion?
"I have no Self"
Buddha rejected the assertion "I have a Self" and what other related assertion?
skandhas
What is the term for constantly changing physical and mental parts?
pratītyasamutpāda, (Sanskrit; Pali: paticcasamuppāda; Tibetan Wylie: rten cing 'brel bar 'byung ba; Chinese: 緣起)
What is the name of the Buddhist doctrine that states that phenomena arise together in a mutually interdependent web of cause and effect?
"dependent origination", "conditioned genesis", "dependent relationship", "dependent co-arising", "interdependent arising", or "contingency"
Translated into English, what does pratītyasamutpāda mean?
Buddhist
The doctrine of pratityasumatupada is a important part of what type of metaphysics?
the scheme of Twelve Nidānas
What is the most common application of the concept of pratītyasamutpāda?
the continuation of the cycle of suffering and rebirth (saṃsāra) in detail.
What does the scheme of Twelve Nidānas explain?
Twelve Nidānas
An application of the idea of pratityasamutpada is the scheme of what?
cause, foundation, source or origin
What doe nidana mean?
The Twelve Nidānas
What describes the connection between the conditions of cyclic existence?
The Twelve Nidānas
What describes the causal connection between the subsequent conditions of cyclic existance?
by attaining Nirvana
How are sentient beings freed from suffering?
ignorance
What is the first Nidāna?
the absence of the others
The absence of ignorance leads to what?
Sentient beings
Who always suffers throughout samsara?
dukkha
What is suffering also called?
attaining Nirvana
How do you free yourself of dukkha?
ignorance
What is the first Nidana?
śūnyatā
Nagarjuna's main contribution was the exposition of the concept of what?
emptiness
What does sunyata mean?
ātman
Nagarjuna said that sentient beings are empty of what?
phenomena
What does dharmas mean?
Sarvastivada teachings
What teaching were criticized by Nagarjuna?
Vasubandhu and Asanga
What scholars reformed Sarvastivada teachings?
cittamatra
What is the doctrine that says that the mind and only the mind are real?
Vasubandhu and Asanga
What Yogacarins asserted that the mind was not truly existent?
Buddha-nature
What does tathagatagarbha mean?
perfected spiritual insight
what does prajnaparamita mean?
Sakya
According to what school is tathgatagarbha the inseparability of clairty and emptiness of one's mind?
Jonang
According to what school does it refer to the innate qualities of the mind that express themselves as omniscience?
tathāgatagarbha
What type of sutras were generally ignored in india?
Nirvana
What term means cessation?
nirvana
What term means awakening?
arahant
What is the term for someone who has achieved nirvana?
Bodhi
What is the term applied to the experience of the awakening of arahants?
nirvana
In early Buddhism Bodhi used a meaning synonymous to what word?
raga
What is the term for greed or craving?
dosa
what is the word for hate or aversion?
delusion
What does moha mean?
bodhisattva
What has achieved nirvana and also liberation from delusion?
a buddha
If bodhi is attained what do you become?
nirvana
In theravada buddhism, bodhi and what term have the same meaning?
parinirvana
What term is used for the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at death?
a Buddha
Who is a fully awakened being who has purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion, and ignorance?
Samsara
A Buddha is no longer bound by what?
suffering
What do unawakend people experience?
28
How many Buddhas are considered to have existed in the Pali Canon?
Maitreya
A Theravada and Mahayana belief is that the next Buddha will be one named what?
celestial
Mahayana has many Buddhas of what origin?
reality
A person can awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" by acknowledging the true nature of what?
arahants
At the end of the cycle of rebirth a person is called what?
Bodhi
Nirvana and what term carry the same meaning?
anagami
What is the term for extinction of only hatred and greed, with residue of delusion?
Buddha
In the Mahayana, who is thought to be an omnipresent being?
Buddha
Who is thought to be beyond the range and reach of thought?
Mahayana
In what sutras are the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha viewed as One?
existence
Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, as he is living in other planes of what?
monks
Who is permitted to offer "new truths" based on Buddhas input?
śūnyatā
What is the term for the idea of ultimately nothing has existance?
bodhisattvas
Who are enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn?
Pure Land
What is characterized by the deep truts in the "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha
Pure Land
What is perhaps the most faith-oriented for of Buddhism?
Amitabha
What Buddha vowed to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering?
Gautama Buddha
Who is believed to have achieved enlightenment first?
A Buddha era
What is the term for the stretch of history during which people rmember and practice the teachings of the earliest known buddha?
Gautama Buddha
Who is the Buddha of this Buddha era?
Gautama Buddha
Who taught directly or indirectly to all other Buddhas?
Mahayana Buddhists
Who believes there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes?
Theravada
What buddhist belief says that Buddhas come one at a time and not within other eras?
Pure Land
What form of Buddhism has declined to the point where few are capable of following the path?
enlightenment being
What does Bodhisattva mean?
bodhicitta
What is the term for the spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all beings?
Mahayana
What term means "great vehicle"?
Mahayana
What is an honorary synonym for Bodhisattvayana?
Mahayana
The Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita Sutra is an important text of what type?
Mahayana
What buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas?
bodhisattva vow
What is the idea there the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six paramitas?
dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā
What are the six perfections under Mahayana teachings?
the 14th Dalai Lama
Which Dalai Lama cites Shantideva's famous saying?
Buddhists
Devotion is an important part of the practice of most what?
bowing, offerings, pilgrimage, and chanting
What are the devotional practices?
meditative
Buddhism traditionally incorporates states of what type of absorption?
the Buddha
The most acient yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of who?
Brahminic
The difference between the Buddha's teaching and the yoga presented in what what type of texts is significant?
liberating
According to the Buddha event he highest meditative state is not what?
the yogis
Meditation was an aspect of the practice of who?
mindfulness and clear awareness
In Buddhism, what must be developed at all times?
vision
Religious knowledge is also known as what?
meditative
What type of techniques were shared with other traditions of his day?
transcendent wisdom
There is an idea where ethics are causally related to the attainment of what?
Buddhist texts
What are probably the earliest texts describing meditation techniques?
Buddhist texts
What describes meditative states exising before the Buddha?
Upanishads
What two items were written after the rise of Buddhism?
meditation
In pre-buddhist early Brahminic texts there is no evidence for what?
contemplative
The upanishads statements reflect what type of tradition?
Nasadiya Sukta
What contains evidence for a contemplative tradition?
the Three Jewels
What is the first step in a school of Buddhism?
Majjhima Nikaya
What mentions taking refuge on behalf of young or unborn children?