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Datasets:
dascim
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GreekMMLU

Tasks:
Question Answering
Multiple Choice
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
parquet
Languages:
Greek
Size:
10K - 100K
ArXiv:
Tags:
mmlu
greek
evaluation
exam
Libraries:
Datasets
pandas
Polars
License:
Dataset card Data Studio Files
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GreekMMLU / README.md
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metadata 
language:
  - el
tags:
  - mmlu
  - greek
  - evaluation
  - exam
license: mit
task_categories:
  - question-answering
  - multiple-choice
pretty_name: Greek MMLU Parquet
configs:
  - config_name: Accounting
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Accounting/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Accounting/dev-*
  - config_name: Agriculture_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Agriculture_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Agriculture_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Agriculture_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Agriculture_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Agriculture_University/dev-*
  - config_name: All
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: All/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: All/dev-*
  - config_name: Art_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Art_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Art_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Art_Secondary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Art_Secondary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Art_Secondary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Art_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Art_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Art_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Biology
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Biology/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Biology/dev-*
  - config_name: Chemistry
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Chemistry/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Chemistry/dev-*
  - config_name: Civil_Engineering
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Civil_Engineering/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Civil_Engineering/dev-*
  - config_name: Clinical_Knowledge
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Clinical_Knowledge/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Clinical_Knowledge/dev-*
  - config_name: Computer_Networks_and_Security
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Computer_Networks_and_Security/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Computer_Networks_and_Security/dev-*
  - config_name: Computer_Science_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Computer_Science_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Computer_Science_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Computer_Science_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Computer_Science_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Computer_Science_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Driving_Rules
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Driving_Rules/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Driving_Rules/dev-*
  - config_name: Economics_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Economics_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Economics_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Economics_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Economics_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Economics_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Education_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Education_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Education_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Education_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Education_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Education_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Electrical_Engineering
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Electrical_Engineering/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Electrical_Engineering/dev-*
  - config_name: General_Knowledge
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: General_Knowledge/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: General_Knowledge/dev-*
  - config_name: Geography_Primary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Geography_Primary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Geography_Primary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Geography_Secondary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Geography_Secondary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Geography_Secondary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Government_and_Politics_Primary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Government_and_Politics_Primary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Government_and_Politics_Primary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Government_and_Politics_Secondary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Government_and_Politics_Secondary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Government_and_Politics_Secondary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Greek_History_Primary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Greek_History_Primary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Greek_History_Primary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Greek_History_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Greek_History_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Greek_History_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Greek_History_Secondary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Greek_History_Secondary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Greek_History_Secondary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Greek_Literature
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Greek_Literature/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Greek_Literature/dev-*
  - config_name: Greek_Mythology
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Greek_Mythology/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Greek_Mythology/dev-*
  - config_name: Greek_Traditions
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Greek_Traditions/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Greek_Traditions/dev-*
  - config_name: Law
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Law/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Law/dev-*
  - config_name: Management_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Management_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Management_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Management_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Management_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Management_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Maritime_Safety_and_Rescue_Operations
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Maritime_Safety_and_Rescue_Operations/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Maritime_Safety_and_Rescue_Operations/dev-*
  - config_name: Mathematics
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Mathematics/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Mathematics/dev-*
  - config_name: Medicine_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Medicine_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Medicine_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Medicine_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Medicine_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Medicine_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Modern_Greek_Language_Primary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Modern_Greek_Language_Primary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Modern_Greek_Language_Primary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Modern_Greek_Language_Secondary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Modern_Greek_Language_Secondary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Modern_Greek_Language_Secondary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Physics_Primary_School
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Physics_Primary_School/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Physics_Primary_School/dev-*
  - config_name: Physics_Professional
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Physics_Professional/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Physics_Professional/dev-*
  - config_name: Physics_University
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Physics_University/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Physics_University/dev-*
  - config_name: Prehistory
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: Prehistory/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: Prehistory/dev-*
  - config_name: World_History
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: World_History/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: World_History/dev-*
  - config_name: World_Religions
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: World_Religions/test-*
      - split: dev
        path: World_Religions/dev-*
dataset_info:
  - config_name: Accounting
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 80897
        num_examples: 184
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2155
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 37423
    dataset_size: 83052
  - config_name: Agriculture_Professional
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 172831
        num_examples: 339
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2426
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 73721
    dataset_size: 175257
  - config_name: Agriculture_University
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 43129
        num_examples: 70
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 3450
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 25668
    dataset_size: 46579
  - config_name: All
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 8888505
        num_examples: 16632
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 115031
        num_examples: 225
    download_size: 3653532
    dataset_size: 9003536
  - config_name: Art_Professional
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 208664
        num_examples: 600
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1355
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 85278
    dataset_size: 210019
  - config_name: Art_Secondary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 13992
        num_examples: 39
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1661
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 14339
    dataset_size: 15653
  - config_name: Art_University
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 6510
        num_examples: 12
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 3435
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 10577
    dataset_size: 9945
  - config_name: Biology
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 152101
        num_examples: 418
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1994
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 70481
    dataset_size: 154095
  - config_name: Chemistry
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 24057
        num_examples: 81
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1309
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 17072
    dataset_size: 25366
  - config_name: Civil_Engineering
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 297678
        num_examples: 769
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2703
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 110137
    dataset_size: 300381
  - config_name: Clinical_Knowledge
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 247231
        num_examples: 633
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1665
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 88965
    dataset_size: 248896
  - config_name: Computer_Networks_and_Security
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 49424
        num_examples: 86
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 3157
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 31784
    dataset_size: 52581
  - config_name: Computer_Science_Professional
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 114631
        num_examples: 254
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2659
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 55238
    dataset_size: 117290
  - config_name: Computer_Science_University
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 47791
        num_examples: 104
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2478
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 26771
    dataset_size: 50269
  - config_name: Driving_Rules
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 846460
        num_examples: 1658
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 3037
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 369588
    dataset_size: 849497
  - config_name: Economics_Professional
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        sequence: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 123620
        num_examples: 196
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 4535
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 54930
    dataset_size: 128155
  - config_name: Economics_University
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 34202
        num_examples: 86
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1739
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 20820
    dataset_size: 35941
  - config_name: Education_Professional
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 122556
        num_examples: 253
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1745
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 51837
    dataset_size: 124301
  - config_name: Education_University
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 28880
        num_examples: 41
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2816
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 22317
    dataset_size: 31696
  - config_name: Electrical_Engineering
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 227385
        num_examples: 552
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2429
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 86302
    dataset_size: 229814
  - config_name: General_Knowledge
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 151693
        num_examples: 351
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2169
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 66597
    dataset_size: 153862
  - config_name: Geography_Primary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 121285
        num_examples: 360
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1696
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 55757
    dataset_size: 122981
  - config_name: Geography_Secondary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
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      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 16645
        num_examples: 62
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1363
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 11296
    dataset_size: 18008
  - config_name: Government_and_Politics_Primary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 104965
        num_examples: 280
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1848
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 47292
    dataset_size: 106813
  - config_name: Government_and_Politics_Secondary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 39301
        num_examples: 75
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2697
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 23828
    dataset_size: 41998
  - config_name: Greek_History_Primary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 157790
        num_examples: 464
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1726
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 71698
    dataset_size: 159516
  - config_name: Greek_History_Professional
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 58566
        num_examples: 117
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 2473
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 32542
    dataset_size: 61039
  - config_name: Greek_History_Secondary_School
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 30689
        num_examples: 93
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1322
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 20551
    dataset_size: 32011
  - config_name: Greek_Literature
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 4709
        num_examples: 14
      - name: dev
        num_bytes: 1505
        num_examples: 5
    download_size: 9494
    dataset_size: 6214
  - config_name: Greek_Mythology
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
        dtype: string
      - name: subject
        dtype: string
      - name: level
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 84257
        num_examples: 238
      - name: dev
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  - config_name: Modern_Greek_Language_Secondary_School
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  - config_name: Physics_Professional
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  - config_name: Physics_University
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  - config_name: Prehistory
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  - config_name: World_History
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  - config_name: World_Religions
    features:
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: choices
        list: string
      - name: answer
        dtype: int64
      - name: group
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GreekMMLU

GreekMMLU is a native-sourced benchmark for evaluating massive multitask language understanding in Greek, built from authentic Greek exam-style multiple-choice questions (MCQ) rather than machine-translated English benchmarks.

  • 21,805 questions across 45 subjects
  • 4 high-level groups: STEM, Humanities, Social Sciences, Other
  • Difficulty/education levels spanning Primary → Secondary → University → Professional (+ an N/A bucket)
  • Public vs. private split for contamination-resistant evaluation: 16,857 public/4,948 private (leaderboard)

Structure

  • Configs: Each subject is a separate configuration (subset).
  • Splits:
    • test: Public test set (High volume)
    • dev: Dev/Few-shot set (5-shot)

Usage 

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load specific subject 
ds = load_dataset("dascim/GreekMMLU", "Agriculture_Professional")

# Load all data combined
ds = load_dataset("dascim/GreekMMLU", "All")

Links

What makes GreekMMLU different?

Most “Greek MMLU” style evaluations rely on machine translation from English. Instead, GreekMMLU uses original Greek content sourced or authored from real educational/professional assessments, aiming to preserve:

  • Greek morphology and punctuation
  • Greek-specific cultural/institutional knowledge (e.g., Greek History, Greek Traditions)
  • Realistic exam difficulty calibration

Task format

Multiple choice, 2–4 options, exactly one correct. The harness prompt uses Greek option labels (Α, Β, Γ, Δ) for a fully native evaluation setup.

Subjects (high-level)

GreekMMLU includes 45 subjects, grouped into:

  • Humanities (e.g., Art; Greek History; Greek Literature; Greek Mythology; Law; World Religions)
  • STEM (e.g., Mathematics; Physics; Computer Science; Electrical Engineering; Medicine)
  • Social Sciences (e.g., Economics; Education; Government & Politics; Modern Greek Language; Accounting)
  • Other (e.g., Driving Rules; General Knowledge; Maritime Safety and Rescue Operations) See the paper for the full taxonomy and educational-level breakdown.

Citation

If you use GreekMMLU in your work, please cite the paper: 

@article{zhang2026greekmmlu,
  title={GreekMMLU: A Native-Sourced Multitask Benchmark for Evaluating Language Models in Greek},
  author={Zhang, Yang and Konomi, Mersin and Xypolopoulos, Christos and Divriotis, Konstantinos and Skianis, Konstantinos and Nikolentzos, Giannis and Stamou, Giorgos and Shang, Guokan and Vazirgiannis, Michalis},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.05150},
  year={2026}
}