ids stringlengths 36 36 | texts stringlengths 1 1.43k |
|---|---|
2aa13bd9-62fe-4e25-ae48-399633026259 | The Commissioners appointed were the following:—Farrer, Baron Herschell, Sir James Paget, Sir Charles Dalrymple, Sir William Guyer Hunter, Sir Edwin Henry Galsworthy, William Scovell Savory, Charles Bradlaugh, John Syer Bristowe, William Job Collins, John Stratford Dugdale, Michael Foster, Jonathan Hutchinson, James Al... |
05d57747-4033-4d86-a8a5-2ff945f1e9ea | Jonathan Hutchinson, and a further note of reservation by Mr. Whitbread, Mr. Bright, Dr. Collins, and Mr. Picton. All these will be found on subsequent pages, with a dissentient report by Dr. Collins and Mr. Picton, giving the views of the extreme opponents of vaccination following. 6o The report of the Commissioners i... |
832bc909-bb70-4d8d-a266-29e7e6383a15 | It was felt, however, that it would be neither practicable nor expedient to pursue the same course in other cases in which injury from vaccination was alleged. Authority was accordingly obtained from the Treasury to secure the services of competent observers to make such investigations as might be called for. A large n... |
90f2101e-4453-46af-8d84-d3abfbdc44c3 | They insist that the notion that it is, to any extent, a protection against Small.Pox rests on no scientific basis, that there is no relation between vaccinia and variola, and therefore no reason why those who have been subjected to vaccination should enjoy any immunity from, or protection against Small.Pox. They insis... |
ab9753cb-cd47-4e59-a702-fff00a7e087f | If the protective effect of vaccination be thus estabtablished, then, even if the relation of vaccination to Small.Pox could not be explained, nor the reason why or the manner in which it affects human susceptibity to Small.Pox contagion, elucidated, it would still be quite reasonable to accept and act upon the conclus... |
f799821d-c316-4040-9d94-2f585bbc1f2e | If, again, experience does not warrant the assertion that vaccination tends to prevent the spread or mitigate the effects of Small.Pox, it is obviously immaterial whether this was a priori to be expected. At the same time, as it has been asserted with much confidence that science forbids a belief in the protective infl... |
16f77cb6-5587-4437-9de6-63b77bb48785 | 62 The practice, however, of inoculating with the matter of Cow.Pox, or Vaccination as it was subsequently called, may be considered as dating from the publication of the ' Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae,' of Edward Jenner, published in the summer of the year 1798. The practice rapidly spr... |
b7b3ef4f-39c1-432c-a5fc-c7cd07cc3fb3 | The disease can be communicated from the cow to man. Dairymen and maids engaged in milking cows affected with Cow.Pox are apt to have sores of a special kind on their hands or elsewhere, the development of the sores being frequently accompanied by febrile symptoms. There can be no doubt that, in a certain number of cas... |
a74f526f-e489-4e92-b5d5-287db659f3b4 | In the treatise to which reference has been made Jenner records in the first place a number (19) of cases in which a person who had accidentally taken Cow.Pox from the cow, had never had Small.Pox and appeared incapable of taking that disease; the insusceptibility being shown on the one hand by the failure to contract ... |
652a2995-34d0-4b77-bee6-66b84cdf6e8e | He describes the appearances subsequently presented by the wounds, and states that, six weeks afterwards, the results of inoculating the boy with variolous matter were those commonly seen to follow the inoculation of persons who had previously had the Cow.Pox or the Small.Pox; that is to say, the ' variolous test' show... |
34092bc2-6ada-4bd4-8e50-93c43fa70568 | In January, 1799, Woodville, having found Cow.Pox to be present in a 'dairy' at Gray's Inn Lane, inoculated seven persons at the Small.Pox Hospital with matter from one of the cows at the " dairy," and other persons with matter from sores on a dairymaid employed at the same place, who had become infected from the cows.... |
35eed9cd-d529-48cb-b998-3c5126a4fd7e | 64 Although Woodville's 'Hospital lymph' appears to have been widely distributed by himself and by Pearson, and thus to have been the source of the lymph used in various places in the early days of vaccination, it was not the only source even in those days. Pearson also obtained lymph from Cow.Pox at a dairy in the Mar... |
b736cf6a-1e34-4501-b821-47c5b9b1b7e5 | The view that Cow.Pox protects against Small.Pox thus put forward by Jenner, and supported by Woodville and Pearson, speedily attracted great attention among both the profession and the general public. Controversies, as might be expected, arose both on the main point whether protection was really afforded and on variou... |
e5a59e9a-9913-41b9-a07d-5ab08952af2f | It is important to notice that the Committee not only stated the result of the evidence to be favourable to the protective effect of vaccination, but that vaccine 65 inoculation 'introduces a milder disorder in the place of the inoculated ' Small.Pox, which is not capable of being communicated by contagion.' If vaccina... |
e3be5ec2-a826-492e-a564-709fc8379f75 | It becomes necessary at the outset to consider the subject of Small.Pox mortality and its prevalence prior to the introduction of vaccination, and especially during the latter part of the eighteenth century, the period immediately prior to its introduction. The early history of Small.Pox, like that of many similar dise... |
75740a72-3753-47b9-8620-862b88fae470 | The statistics which exist with respect to Geneva, and various scattered statements, further show that Small.Pox was a well.known disease in the sixteenth century, but except for the records which are said to exist of severe 66 epidemics in Iceland taking place as early as 1241, as we go further back the evidence as to... |
702fd8cd-cdc5-497a-b058-2866d3d79c00 | It will be desirable not to discuss this view at length, but to confine our attention to the history of the disease in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Quite apart from all calculations, the Bills clearly show that from 1629 onwards, throughout the remainder of that century and the whole of the next, very many... |
56f4138c-7246-4a32-8912-6fe7a94374dc | In many instances the epidemic increase is marked in one year only, the returns of the succeeding year being, as a rule, low, but not unfrequently the epidemic lasted over two or more years; and this appears to have occurred more frequently in the eighteenth than in the seventeenth century. Indeed, the variations of th... |
77662c0a-b45e-4876-8e97-6e0f12fdb947 | On the basis of this datum, the average yearly death.rate of, or mortality from Small.Pox in the ten years around this date, namely, in the years 1681.90, was 3.139 per thousand; the mortality from all causes of death being 42.2 per thousand. Similarly in the ten years 1746.55, on the calculation that the population in... |
f0ceea5b-ecde-433b-8154-448096b767f2 | Even if we take the years in the eighteenth century in which the returns of deaths from Small.Pox were the lowest, viz., 1702, 1753, 1782, we find, still using the above calculations, the mortality from Small.Pox o.6, 1.2, and 1.o respectively, and in 1797, using the census of 1801, the death.rate was 0.7. And in most ... |
b4ec9d98-9c37-4de4-b5b2-10c134ab9002 | Thus Daniel Bernouilli, writing in 1760.5, takes as one of the bases of his circulation the datum (arrived at by means of various records in various places) that Small.Pox carries off the thirteenth or fourteenth part of each generation ; or in other words, that the deaths from Small.Pox are about one.thirteenth or one... |
f9437d9e-cb08-4fb6-9a86-ce912c8f01f1 | And in this sense, probably, must be read the statement of Haygarth, which he gives without supplying the data on which it is based, namely, that ' some persons are incapable of infection by the Small.Pox.' The ' proportion of mankind thus exempted has been observed to amount to i in 20;' that is to 5 per cent. The per... |
a7767b01-fa87-4ac1-869f-6d76b55ae2a6 | One character of the Small.Pox in the eighteenth century (and there is nothing to prove the state of things before the eighteenth century to have been different) is brought out in all the records in which the ages are given, namely, the large proportion of the deaths contributed by the very young. Thus, in Chester, in ... |
6976a2f1-4a2b-43ac-852a-a32c5a0459fb | Cuthbert's, Canongate, and Buccleuch Street, Edinburgh, show that during the years 1764—83 the proportion of deaths from Small.Pox of those below the age of ten years, to every thousand deaths from that disease at all ages, was 993. Indeed in all records of epidemics in which the ages are given, the mortality was mainl... |
78e08deb-6ef2-4390-9f8e-a30bf679b703 | Incidental references in various writings show that the fact was recognised at the time; thus Haygarth observes that in Chester in the years 1772—1777, of those under ten years, 'half as many die of the Small.Pox as of all other diseasesand this feature of Small.Pox is assumed in the calculations of Bernoulli referred ... |
16da98f7-68e1-4fe4-8be7-4328dbfaf152 | This decline is all the more'striking since during this period the population of London, within the limits of the Bills, increased from 746,233 in 1801 to 1,180,292 in 1831. As has been already urged the Bills were imperfect, and there is ground for believing that during this quarter of the century the imperfections we... |
0c29aa6f-3c5f-4b1f-bbc9-1d0a3c6c0188 | What was the cause, or what were the causes, of this marked decline of Small.Pox in the first quarter of the nineteenth century ? Was it due to the introduction of vaccination, or is it to be otherwise explained ? 70 One effect of the introduction] of vaccination was a very great decrease in the practice of inoculation... |
0a4b2283-5543-4ce2-bd00-aa9b1a06522c | Attention was directed to the latter by letters from Timoni, of Athens (dated 1713), and Pylarini, published in the twenty.ninth volume of the ' Philosophical Transactions ' (1716), and especially by a letter from Lady Mary Wortley Montagu in 1717. Though there are indications that in Great Britain and Ireland, as in o... |
5be74d41-05ed-4253-b5b2-bb4aa2c16c9f | It was found that the attacks induced by inoculation were, as a rule, milder and very much less fatal than the attacks of the ' natural' disease, the fever and constitutional disturbance being less and of shorter duration, and the eruptive pustules much fewer ; the number of these varied, being commonly a dozen or two,... |
0c1fdf87-8b56-48b0-b42a-6dc549c8540c | Moreover, the initial enthusiasm in favour of it soon declined, so that in the years 1730.40 very little inoculation seems to have been practised. About 1740, however, a revival appears to have taken place ; in 1746 an Inoculation and SmallPox Hospital was started in London ; and during the whole of the latter half of ... |
ac0cfd4d-131d-446f-a403-f6c7169c8b99 | This method, carried out by Sutton himself and his immediate associates, as well as in a more or less modified form by Dimsdale and others, had for its object the securing that the attack induced by inoculation, while remaining a veritable attack of SmallPox and so bringing immunity against future attacks, should be as... |
b1cfc568-f994-419e-9da2-4e8fd3f95307 | Concerning the essentials of the method, which Sutton attempted to keep a secret, there has been much discussion; they seem to have consisted partly in a proper care or regimen of the patient before, during, and after the inoculation, partly in the mode of inserting the virus, and partly in making use of the fluid of t... |
ce12749f-c6eb-47c1-bb9e-65b0cd617925 | Again, in some districts, as in Essex and Herts, the home of Sutton and Dimsdale, and in Yorkshire, the practice was very widespread. On the other hand, parts of Kent and Sussex are quoted by Haygarth in 1793 as having been practically free from inoculation, and similar statements as to the paucity of inoculation in th... |
b5b2cd89-52d1-4cc6-b721-72882885845a | Since an inoculated person was infectious, each inoculation was a source of danger to those, not protected by a previous attack, who came into the company of, or even near, the inoculated person during the attack; and this danger was increased by the fact that the mild character of the inoculated disease permitted, in ... |
4f07e1a4-92e9-49ff-94f8-66a91e88b9e6 | 73 Adding, therefore, together the cases of inoculated Small.Pox, and the cases of natural Small.Pox of which the inoculated cases were in one way or other the cause, it seems probable that inoculation did tend to increase the prevalence of Small.Pox; but there are no recorded data to show that this really was the case... |
364e904e-5507-44fe-b431-f33971421158 | There was certainly, so far as the evidence goes, no such increase of Small.Pox, coincident in point of time with the increase of inoculation, as to justify the decrease of the latter being considered the main cause of the marked decline of the former. Nor is there sufficient even to show that it was a distinct subsidi... |
9de1a069-80e0-4126-9e91-9c22ebad82c1 | Another view has been put forward attributing the decline in question to the improvement of sanitary conditions. The question how far the behaviour of Small-Pox in the 74 eighteenth century and earlier was influenced by sanitary conditions, is one rendered difficult by the lack of exact information. We may distinguish ... |
0aeaa1f4-55c5-4f4b-83a6-1c71c2abb691 | London was a conspicuous instance of the above, and the apparent greater prevalence of Small.Pox in London than in the provinces may be attributed to these causes; but it would appear that the increase was felt, as indeed would, a priori, seem probable, rather in the constant presence of Small.Pox to a considerable amo... |
0aaeca9e-76fc-4e47-85b8-6678dd6a1ed6 | In the second place, admitting a priori that crowded dwellings tend to increase the liability to contagion, and so the prevalence of the disease, while other insanitary conditions tend in addition to increase the fatality among those attacked, so that insanitary conditions as a whole must tend to increase the mortality... |
611a4f5d-9e3a-4803-b439-f1a41ed42f88 | Indeed, in many countries, down to a recent period, in some, it may perhaps be said, even to the present time, insanitary conditions have continued to prevail. There is no proof that sanitary improvements were the main cause of the decline of Small.Pox under discussion. And no adequate evidence is forthcoming to show t... |
05711449-7450-40fb-8254-f6ee35722e94 | The experimental evidence offered at the time, namely, that the class of vaccinated persons did not take Small.Pox by way either of exposure to natural contagion or of inoculation, as the unvaccinated did, connects the two and points to the spread of the practice as the cause of the decline. It has been suggested that ... |
41122a61-6787-4ad3-9f85-2cb48b842772 | Moreover, it is not certain that the relative paucity of Small-Pox in Europe before the seventeenth century was not apparent rather than real, being due merely to absence of information; if so, there is no necessity to seek in 'cosmic' influences the cause of the supposed later increase. In attempting to judge of the d... |
4b098cc3-6862-4413-b95f-60a981463a3d | Again, in America, though in the early days of vaccination, efforts were made to spread the practice among the native tribes, these (especially the tribes of the West) remained unvaccinated, and among them the ravages of SmallPox in the first quarter of the nineteenth century are described as of extreme severity. So in... |
b2e2b0f3-1d37-45e8-868f-85032129d6ac | It has been shown, however, that the amount which was carried out was very considerable, and the argument that such an amount was insufficient to produce the decline in question is based on the premiss that such an amount of vaccination would at the present day be considered wholly insufficient protection. But it must ... |
58fea682-1fca-4170-834d-69357fa9a90c | Of course, as years went on, the proportion of the population immune through previous Small-Pox became, owing to the mere decline of Small-Pox, continually less and less, as the large number who had had the Small-Pox in the previous century gradually died out. After the first quarter of the century, that part of the po... |
6b9d38e9-fca3-4560-bf95-1da02212cef7 | So far as England is concerned a new epoch commenced in 1837. There was nothing to distinguish the phenomena observable between 1825 and 1837 from those of the preceding years of the century, and the only mortality statistics in our possession relating to those intervening years became not more but less accurate and sa... |
3fbfc833-6972-4231-8dee-d0c30281b4ba | Before proceeding to inquire what light the records of Small-Pox mortality in England, Scotland, and Ireland, during the years when more accurate information has existed as to Small-Pox mortality, throws upon the question of the effect of vaccination, it will be convenient to make a brief statement of the laws which ha... |
47155f22-e2aa-4a7b-8b4a-ebbc13f7c83c | On that day the Act 3 and 4 79 Victoria, chapter 29, entitled ' An Act to extend the practice of vaccination,' received the Royal Assent. By that Act the Guardians and Overseers of every Parish or Union in England and Wales were empowered, and they were thereby directed to contract with their medical officers or with a... |
6ffcabc1-0a04-46cb-bcd2-26897ffdd92b | In the next year, on the 21st June, 1841 (4 and 5 Victoria, chapter 32), there was supplementary legislation (1) charging the expenses of carrying out the Act of 1840 on the poor rates and (2) enacting that ' the vaccination, or surgical or medical assistance incident to the vaccination of any person resident in any Un... |
6465a3f6-97c4-4a4f-a40d-8c740e84d5b0 | These Acts were repealed by the Consolidation Act of 1867, but the Act of 1840 is important historically as being the first of the series of Acts relating to vaccination ; and especially so because of the terms of the eighth section forbidding inoculation ; and, again, because it not only speaks of vaccination itself, ... |
bec73ba4-1496-41a7-8802-baaae437f040 | Although there is a difference in the language of sections 2 and 6 relating to England and Wales and Ireland respectively, yet it is probable that, looking to the mode of payment provided in section x, a second vaccination was not contemplated by the Act. At the suggestion of the Epidemiological Society, which had been... |
da1f8927-76fb-4e52-8c5d-ca065248b5aa | The principal provisions of this Act were as follows :—The Guardians and Overseers, when the Parishes were not in union, were required, subject to the approval of the Poor Law Board, to divide their Unions and Parishes into convenient districts (section 1) for the purpose of giving increased facilities for the vaccinat... |
fbbb426e-2f32-4eb9-88e4-3ea070d0de12 | It was enacted that within three months of the birth the father or mother, 81 or, in the event of their death or inability, the person in charge of the child, within four months, should take the child to the appointed vaccinator, unless such parent or person should have obtained a certificate of previous vaccination fr... |
f901a7f9-f56b-427e-902a-8b32e7139b86 | Section 5 made provision for children who, in the opinion of any medical officer or practitioner, were not in a fit and proper state to be successfully vaccinated. In such a case the medical officer or practitioner was to deliver a certificate to that effect, which was to remain good for two months, and to be renewable... |
3561fa92-d25b-43c3-b959-365da9e9d7be | By section 9 the Registrar was required on or within seven days from the registration of the birth of a child to send to the father, &c., notice in a given form, to take care that the child should be vaccinated, and of the time and place of the attendance of the vaccinator ; and it was enacted that if after such notice... |
7462f66e-a090-4319-87cc-83daed561f12 | The statute just referred to, though repealed, is notable by reason of a legal decision upon it, which probably gave rise to an amendment of the law by a subsequent statute, out of which difficulties arose which will be shortly referred to. In the case of Pilcher v. Stafford, reported 4 Best and Smith, 775: 33 L.J. (M.... |
2f13cedb-352b-4aa8-b339-5f5b446fc664 | The Justices dismissed the information because they held that the offence of not taking the child to be vaccinated within the three months was a single definite offence, and that the Defendant, having been once convicted and fined for this offence, it was contrary to law to convict and fine the Defendant a second time ... |
b6cf5ebb-5128-4937-ad62-aaa7c9505055 | This was to be done by the Guardians under the control of the existing Poor Law Board, to which body, in 1871, by virtue of the statute before referred to, the Local Government Board succeeded. The contracts and their form were also to be subject to the approval of the Poor Law Board. The Privy Council were authorised ... |
82ab35ce-b2a1-41e5-a1ba-874eebd59ae9 | where the vaccination was performed at a distance exceeding two miles. " By the eighth section provision for the encouragement of re-vaccination was specifically made by Parliament. The Privy Council was authorised to issue regulations in respect of the revaccination of persons who might apply to be re-vaccinated ; and... |
0c7a577e-f282-4b95-a2c5-8b570918539d | The 16th section enacted as to every child born in England that within three months after the birth of such child, or where by reason of the death, &c., of the parent, any other person should have the custody of such child within three months after receiving such custody, the parent or such person should take it or cau... |
75bbb49c-c321-4cd0-b258-02eb55e9aa06 | By section 17 it was enacted that upon the same day in the week following, in cases in which the operation was performed by the Public Vaccinator, the parent or person must again take the 84 child to the vaccinator or his deputy, so that he might inspect the child and ascertain the result of the operation, and, if he s... |
fbafd540-02cd-4d5a-bc32-4625215baea8 | By this section it was enacted—' The Registrar of each District shall, within one week after the first day of January and the first day of July in each year, make a list of all cases in which certificates of vaccination have not been received by him during the preceding half year, and shall submit the same to the next ... |
6504e353-dce0-458a-a3ea-7e100e683327 | By section 29 it was provided as follows:—' Every parent or person having the custody of a child who shall neglect to take the child or cause it to be taken to be vaccinated, or after vaccination to be inspected, and shall not render a reasonable excuse for his neglect, shall be guilty of an offence, and be liable to b... |
e02ab8e7-43c9-4a51-9571-8a51266f6e95 | It will be observed that it provides that every parent or person having the custody of a child who neglects to have the child vaccinated ' and shall not render a reasonable excuse for his neglect' shall be guilty of an offence and be liable to be proceeded against, and upon conviction to pay a penalty. It has been cont... |
ecd5ff10-919e-4633-9ebb-6bb7d9465ffd | On the other hand, no body or person is indicated to whom an excuse can be rendered before the proceedings are instituted. There is no machinery provided for hearing and adjudicating upon excuses at that period and for giving a certificate that a reasonable excuse has been rendered to serve as a bar to further proceedi... |
0c399726-8497-42b8-9474-e030908154a0 | Its purpose seemed to be to enable those who prosecuted (and this duty had by 86 section 27 been imposed upon the Guardians) to follow the parent responsible for the vaccination so long as the child remained unvaccinated, and by penalties to compel the parent to do what, according to the law, was his duty. Nevertheless... |
a2bd9617-411f-473f-abe7-e5048008e4a8 | A further order must be made, and that order disobeyed before another penalty—not for disobedience to the first—but to the second order, could be inflicted. This is evident from the words of the section. The magistrate ' may, if he thinks fit'—words of absolute discretion—make an order for vaccination ; and there is no... |
30a03c08-5b84-4eb9-ae7b-68c16ee49e01 | Accordingly it was held in the case of Allen and Worthy, reported L.R. 5, Q.B. 163, that, notwithstanding the principle laid down in Pilcher v. Stafford a second conviction could follow disobedience to a second order under the section just referred to. Lord Chief Justice Cockburn said, ' I think that the intention of t... |
6f0a868c-c222-4850-b08a-2b69609a1cc9 | There is no doubt that those magistrates who, in the exercise of their discretion, made repeated orders in respect of the same child, were, in the opinion of many, mistaken, and harsh results often followed, and the evidence of this, which was brought before them, doubtless led to the recommendation in the Report (date... |
b91fdc6f-fdd4-4f00-b970-17c2e8d57ba4 | The Act was entitled ' an Act to amend the Vaccination Act, 1867,' and was to be construed as one with it. A change of importance was made by the fifth section which rendered the appointment and payment of officers to prosecute and to enforce the provisions of the Acts obligatory upon the Guardians, whereas it had ther... |
df952eac-2fb2-4b4c-a5dc-7fa0a15a911c | It enacts that when the operation of re-vaccination is performed gratuitously by a Public Vaccinator on the application of any person, he shall deliver to such person a notice requiring him to attend for inspection, and if that notice is not complied with such person is rendered liable to pay to the Guardians a fee of ... |
262d315f-cd68-49f1-b906-3896b401bef4 | There is a further provision as to re-vaccination in section 13 granting fees to the medical officer of the Union if, while attending as such medical officer upon a Small-Pox patient, he either (1) vaccinates a person who has never been vaccinated or had Small-Pox, or (2) re-vaccinates any person who is resident in the... |
f269fac1-320b-4843-8f40-aa3aca76cf9e | the Local Government Board was clothed with the same powers with respect to the Guardians and Vaccination Officers in matters relating to vaccination as the Poor Law 89 Board possessed with regard to Guardians and Officers of Guardians in matters relating to the relief of the Poor, and had power to make rules and regul... |
c98cf586-d49e-466d-b756-130703297d0d | By the machinery thus introduced, provision was made in substitution for that contained in the 27th section of the Act of 1867, which was repealed by the Act of 1871; that section, as has been pointed out, imposed upon the Guardians the duty of prosecuting cases brought to their knowledge by the Registrar. The new mach... |
7146d331-e919-406c-bb3b-283026df4e78 | One other point remains for notice arising under the Act of 1871. It is provided by section 11 that the defendant in any proceedings under the Acts of 1867 and 1871 may appear by any member of his family, or by any person authorised by him in that behalf. 90 Such are the provisions of the Acts which have from time to t... |
91d9fc7b-9274-4280-ba01-54a8d36aae9f | Both the statute law and the method of administration differ very materially from those which prevail in this country. Some of the points of difference in the two systems have so material a bearing upon questions submitted to us for report that it will be well here to call attention to them. An official vaccinator is a... |
d5546b7c-2079-4a36-911b-ddee00ed2209 | They go through the list transmitted to them, and notify to the parent or guardian of each child that its name is contained in the list, and that if not privately vaccinated it will be vaccinated by the official vaccinator. The Parochial Board issue an order to the vaccinator to vaccinate the persons named in the list ... |
5b562c91-270b-4ae2-a2ce-76f8b94bb861 | The power conferred upon local authorities under the Public Health Act by section 57 of that Act to afford gratuitous vaccination appears to be exercised chiefly when epidemics are present within the district of the local authority. A house-to-house visitation is often made by medical men appointed for the purpose, and... |
b1165b17-7761-46ea-863d-d4b7ddc4fc11 | These details are here given, because it has been proposed that the method of securing vaccination in England be assimilated to that adopted in Scotland. It must be remembered that the populations of large English Cities cannot be rendered so favourably disposed to domicilliary visits by the public vaccinator as in the... |
094c51b6-52dd-4ff4-a8d4-94c98fc7b546 | Deaths from Small-Pox (with those returned as from Chicken-Pox) to every 100,000 living. Year. Population. Number of Deaths from Small-Pox (with those returned as from Chicken-Pox). Deaths from Small-Pox (with those returned as from Chicken-Pox) to every 100,000 living. |
657cac24-746b-4856-8c2a-59dc04833ab1 | 1838 15,287,699 16,268 106 1867 21,677,525 2,513 12 1839 15,514,255 9,131 59 1868 21,948,713 2,052 9 1840 15,730,813 10,434 66 1869 22,223,299 1,565 7 1841 15,929,492 6,368 40 1870 22,501,316 2,620 12 1842 16,130,326 2,715 17 1871 22,788,594 23,126 102 1843 16,332,228 Causes of death not abstracted by Registrar-General... |
e11f16cb-96b4-4bce-a757-8fd61dad10ee | 364 10 1845 16,739,136 1874 23,724,834 2,162 9 1846 16,944,092 1875 24,045,385 952 4 1847 17,150,018 4,227 25 1876 24,370,267 2,518 10 1848 17,356,882 6,903 40 1877 24,699,539 4,395 18 1849 17,564,656 4,644 26 1878 25,033,259 1,970 8 1850 17,773,324 4,665 26 1879 25,371,489 631 3 1851 17,982,849 6,997 39 1880 25,714,28... |
1e34def7-8180-4489-9148-092c4c3ab49a | 320 40 1881 26,046,142 3,231 12 1853 18,404,368 3,151 17 1882 26,334,942 1,439 5 1854 18,616,310 2,808 15 1883 26,626,949 1,056 4 1855 18,829,000 2,525 13 1884 26,922,192 2,363 9 1856 19,042,412 2,277 12 1885 27,220,706 2,936 11 1857 19,256,516 3,936 20 1886 27,522,532 368 1 1858 19,471,291 6,460 33 1887 27,827,706 593... |
bae5ce0a-748e-4ecd-8210-6b793ec33fd4 | 848 20 1888 28,136,258 1,142 4 1860 19,902,713 2,749 14 1889 28,448,239 106 .4 1861 20,119,314 1,320 7 1890 28,763,673 111 .4 1862 20,371,013 1,628 8 1891 29,082,585 140 .5 1863 20,625,855 5,964 29 1892 29,405,054 554 2 1864 20,883,889 7,684 37 1893 29,731,100 1,584 5 1865 21,145,151 6,411 30 1894 30,060,763 928 3 1866... |
6ee9e353-7ef6-4177-b274-805c249e33a4 | 029 14 93 Mortality from Small-Pox in London during years 1838-94, including deaths in Metropolitan Asylum Board Ships (outside Metropolis) for the last 11 years. Year. Population. Number of deaths from Small-Pox. Deaths from Small-Pox to every 100,000 living. Year. Population. Number of Deaths from Small-Pox. Deaths f... |
84d5d14a-792f-4127-be07-c72ce2a968a3 | 394 973 30 1842 1,917,108 360 19 1871 3,267,251 7,912 242 1843 1,954,041 438 22 1872 3,319,736 1,786 54 1844 2,033,816 1,804 89 1873 3,373,065 113 3 1845 2,073,298 909 44 1874 3,427,250 57 2 1846 2,113,535 257 12 1875 3,482,306 46 1 1847 2,202,673 955 43 1876 3,538,246 736 21 1848 2,244,837 1,620 72 1877 3,595.085 2,55... |
778bf3a1-91d8-4d86-8e2a-9e2fac58e765 | 302 521 23 1878 3,652,837 1,417 39 1850 2,330,054 499 21 1879 3,711,517 450 12 1851 2,373,081 1,062 45 1880 3,771,139 471 12 1852 2,416,367 1,159 48 1881 3,824,980 2,367 62 1853 2,459,899 211 9 1882 3,862,956 430 11 1854 2,503,662 694 28 1883 3,901,309 136 3 1855 2,547,639 1,039 41 1884 3,940,042 1,236 31 1856 2,591,81... |
7b3f23a6-aefa-4977-a581-9962909c7d60 | 419 36 1857 2,636,174 156 6 1886 4,018,666 24 .6 1858 2,680,700 242 9 1887 4,058,565 9 .2 1859 2,725,374 1,158 42 1888 4,098,860 9 .2 1860 2,770,181 898 32 1889 4,139,555 0 0 1861 2,815,101 217 8 1890 4,180,654 4 .1 1862 2,860,117 366 13 1891 4,222,157 8 .2 1863 2,905,210 1,996 69 1892 4,264,076 41 1 1864 2,950,361 547... |
c42471d3-b3a9-4f8d-9335-8a212f8efafb | 411 206 5 1865 2,995,551 640 21 1894 4,349,166 89 2 1866 3,040,761 1,39I 46 94 In order to make the figures in the above table comparable throughout, we are obliged to include with the deaths returned as from Small-Pox those returned as from Chicken-Pox, the Registrar-General not having distinguished between such retur... |
c1e56415-ed4e-4a07-8d99-4d498da36255 | Had the number of deaths returned as from Chicken-Pox been large enough to affect to any material extent the figures in the table, we should have excluded these deaths so far as we were able, though we think it possible and even probable that some of them may have been mistaken cases of Small-Pox. It is highly improbab... |
d1c81714-24b8-413b-9d49-3e969ef02bfb | We have given an account of the legislation from time to time enacted to this end, and we shall therefore merely recapitulate 95 here the dates of the principal Acts of Parliament relating to the practice of vaccination in England and Wales which have come into force during this period. In 1840-1 the means of vaccinati... |
604ae7ae-057e-48d1-a57f-612584960c67 | In 1867, the laws relating to vaccination in England and Wales were consolidated and amended ; and the provisions then enacted, as regards those Unions where the power given to appoint paid Vaccination Officers was exercised, were such as to make effective the obligation to be vaccinated. In many Unions, however, this ... |
e9d637dc-f78d-4988-8fed-2b2e51424c38 | Seaton informed the Committee that there were still a great many Unions in which Vaccination Officers had not been appointed (Question 5,499). In 1871 the Act of 1867 was amended by making the appointment of paid Vaccination Officers compulsory in all Unions, by simplifying and improving the arrangements for the regist... |
7aa86b48-b5aa-46bd-841d-a08c63f53bc2 | The following table gives the figures:— Year. Births registered during Year. Of the Children whose Births were registered during the Year given in the First Column, by the 31st January in the Year next but one following that Year there were: Successfully vaccinated. Certified as insusceptible of Vaccination. Had Small-... |
7d8f9db9-1f80-4a24-89a5-a5198d9b9489 | 354 722,466 838 38 86,673 5,914 34,425 4.7 1876 887,694 763,277 848 107 84,930 5,528 33,004 4.3 1877 887,947 766,824 926 118 79,497 6,681 33,901 4.5 1878 891,743 760,982 840 44 87,936 6,475 35,466 4.7 1879 880,222 756,835 742 26 78,478 6,670 37,471 5.0 1880 881,652 750,203 859 46 87,361 5,930 37,253 4.9 1881 883,744 76... |
c732f811-8fab-4a47-b071-fcd1b718ada5 | 711 4.5 1882 889,082 763,525 993 45 81,498 7,598 35,423 4.8 1883 890,780 762,080 1,012 93 81,955 8,110 37,440 5.1 1884 906,581 764,975 1,363 81 90,134 8,693 41,335 5.5 1885 894,263 757,714 1,278 42 83,686 9,323 42,220 5.8 1886 903,846 754,059 1,278 20 90,774 10,187 47,528 6.4 1887 886,198 733,980 1,556 27 87,827 10,402... |
ccd24186-f276-4385-9e56-288c9b9b26f7 | 103 1,888 12 83,287 12,282 62,701 8.5 1889 885,909 707,l6l 1,758 2 88,995 13,366 74,627 9.9 1890 875,188 682,560 1,672 2 91,768 13,615 85,571 11.3 1891 914,079 693,117 1,806 9 96,351 13,823 108,973 13.4 1892 890,695 663,657 1,983 26 92,490 13,278 119,261 14.9 1893 914,557 661,513 3,394 39 102,442 13,845 133,324 16.1 L6... |
8c7f29d0-494d-4c19-860c-16d1b10e0171 | as regards those children whose births were registered during each of the years 1872-1883, the proportion primarily vaccinated remained practically the same. The effect of the opposition to the practice of vaccination, which in some parts of the country has grown of recent years (though to some extent at all events it ... |
2ba916ad-42d3-46a4-a3bb-69593d817768 | So far as we can judge of the effect of the efforts made during that period to extend the practice of vaccination, the proportion of the population who had at some time been vaccinated has steadily grown, though with no even rate of increase, during the years from 1840 onwards, down to a recent date at all events. The ... |
def56860-ab88-40c9-a173-c694f249278b | During the period 1838-1894 the decline in the death-rate at all ages from Small-Pox has not been shared alike by the population at every age. While the decline in the deathrate of the population under ten years of age has been even more 99 marked than the decline shown by the table in p. ooo in the death-rate at all a... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.