ids stringlengths 36 36 | texts stringlengths 1 1.43k |
|---|---|
47798f99-5dda-494e-9084-c62be43f175e | Cert, of Royal Sanitary Institute; holds Meat and Smoke Certificates, Sanitary Inspector (Inspector under Fabrics Mis-description Act). E. W. Brooks. Cert, of Royal Sanitary Institute. Sanitary Inspector. J.J. Matthews. Cert, of Royal Sanitary Institute; holds Meat Certificate, Sanitary Inspector. Miss A. Cooksey. Certificate of Royal Sanitary Institute. Health Visitor. Miss J. Welsh. Certificate of Royal Sanitary Institute, c.m.b.. Health Visitor. Miss B. G. Sorlie, s.r.n., Certificate of Royal Sanitary Institute, C.m.b., H.V. Diploma, Health Visitor (and part-time School Nurse). Miss A. Woosnam, s.r.n., C.m.b., Health Visitor (and part-time, School Nurse). W. GoodfeLlow,* a.r.san.i., Cert of Royal Sanitary Institute; holds Meat Certificate, Chief Clerk. |
46149b2f-90e9-4ff3-bd61-39312d8217d9 | Miss G. Overall,* Clerk. Miss V. E. Arnold, Clerk. Miss D. E. Beacon, Clerk. Note.—To the salaries of all the above officials, excepting those marked with an asterisk, contribution is made under the Public Health Acts or by Exchequer Grants. I have again to thank all the members of the Public Health Department for ungrudging assistance during the year. I am, Your obedient Servant, D. J. THOMAS. Medical Officer of Health. 51 ANNUAL REPORT of the School Medical Officer FOR THE YEAR 1931. Municipal Offices, Acton, W.3. To the Chairman and Members of the Education Committee. Ladies and Gentlemen, I beg to submit the following report upon the schools and school children of the Education Authority for the year 1931. A comparison of this year's Tables with those of former years will show certain apparent discrepancies. |
5c314779-1138-4281-9e67-c3b6000504a1 | These discrepancies are not material, and are possibly due:to the personal factor which must enter into the interpretation' of the conditions found in medical insepection. During the year, changes have occurred in the personnel of the School Medical Service. The Committee has been unfortunate in losing the services of Dr. Scruby, who had faithfully served as School Medical Inspector for nearly twelve years. In the early part of the year Dr. Scruby suffered from a break-down in her health, and to the great regret of all she felt compelled to send in her resignation. Dr. Scruby had had previous experience in the School Medical Service before she came to Acton, and she had ungrudgingly given her services in the development of the various schemes of the Education Authority. She had taken a particular interest in the Special School and though her certificates had been the subjects of appeal, her decision was not once reversed. She was recognised as an authority on mental deficiency and had served on several outside committees connected with the subject. |
a0c43f7a-1f35-40e0-beb0-b4c9b0f691f4 | The Education Committee sincerely regretted the cause of her resignation, and hoped .that she would make a speedy and com- plete recovery The Committee was, fortunate again in obtaining the services of. (Mrs.) L. S.Farquharsori to carry out the work of medical 52 inspection and the other sen-ices connected with the School Medical Service. The Committee is aware of the excellent service which Dr. Farquharson has on several occasions performed for the Committee and the smooth working of the School Medical Service in the difficult circumstances of Dr. Scruby's absence, has been largely due to the manner in which Dr. Farquharson has done the work. She was able to gain the confidence of the parents, and was universally liked by the children. |
d9410e73-1d20-4119-87ea-6c289f19c427 | In a report of this character it is not permissible to speak of professional work (which of course is beyond reproach), but it speaks volumes for her tact, that in no single instance has any complaint of any kind reached the Committee or anyone else. The work has throughout the year, been done without any friction and her relationship with all her colleagues in the Education and Public Health departments has been most cordial and friendly. Dr. Farquharson has been responsible for the inspections usually carried out by Dr. Scruby, viz.: all the Entrants, the Intermediates, and the Girl Leavers. These are not all the inspections carried out by Dr. Farquharson, but these inspections affect the figures in the Board of Education Tables at the end of the report. The Committee also were unfortunate to lose the services of Mr. Pugh, the Dental Surgeon, who left Acton in August to serve in a similar capacity with the Worcester County Council. Mr. |
eb7e0750-1057-453c-83c2-542f9699d4cf | Pugh came here in September 1928, from Dewsbury and was the first whole-time Surgeon, and naturally there was a good deal of organisation and planning to be done. Formerly the dental work had been done by part-time officers, and though excellent service had been given, and much pioneer work had been done by these officers, certain difficulties had to be encountered when a wholetime dentist was appointed. Mr. Pugh overcame these difficulties and soon established himself in the respect and regard of both parents and pupils. He rendered excellent service also to the mothers and children in connection with our child welfare scheme, and the addresses which he gave in the course of the inspection of the toddlers during the school vacations were very much appreciated. We deeply regret the loss of Mr. Pugh, but that does not detract from the sincerity of our welcome to Mr. Slater, who was appointed Dental Surgeon in the summer and commenced duties on September 1st. Mr. |
daef81ab-f63a-4ec3-bf56-206286f1c9cd | Pugh was responsible for roughly two thirds of the work of the year, and Mr. Slater for one third, but Mr. Slater has kindly reported upon the dental work of the whole year. The following Table gives the accommodation, the average monthly number on the register, and the average attendance, in the different schools. 53 PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS WITHIN THE DISTRICT WITH ACCOMMODATION. Name of School. Dept. dation. Avge. monthly No. on Register, in 1931. Avge. attendance for the year Jan 1st to Dec. 31st. |
14ba1ca7-076d-46c7-b94a-64284f2f9056 | Acton Junior Mixed 306 268 237 Acton Wells Mixed 716 550 500 Infants' 400 339 289 Beaumont Park Senior Girls' 450 191 174 Junior Girls' 450 343 313 Infants' 400 284 236 Berrymede Junior Boys' 640 562 511 Junior Girls' 542 488 440 Infants' 450 387 331 Central Mixed 480 396 364 Derwent water Junior Mixed 441 460 428 Infants' 350 299 240 John Perryn Mixed 608 537 484 Infants' 336 375 322 Priory Senior Boys' 500 300 269 Senior Girls' 499 285 250 Infants' 400 293 244 Rothschild Junior Boys' 450 351 322 Infants' 400 256 216 Southfield. |
b4129d68-5b63-48cb-8db0-8023452ef98e | Senior Boys' 415 220 193 Junior Mixed 382 469 425 Infants' 350 256 199 Turnham Green R.C. Mixed 327 275 241 Acton Council Special 68 46 39 10360 8230 7267 AVERAGE HEIGHT without shoes and AVERAGE WEIGHT without clothes. Anthropometric Commutes, 1929. Age last birthday. MALES. FEMALES. Height in ins. Weight in lbs. Height in ins. Weight in lbs. 3 36.9 32.9 36.6 31.5 4 39.2 35.9 38.4 33.7 5 41.4 38.7 41.1 37.5 6 43. |
42231ebf-eda7-4534-afdb-a7f690706327 | 41.3 42.8 40.1 7 45.4 45.4 45.1 44.1 8 47.8 51. 47.5 49.4 9 49.2 54.8 48.9 52.6 10 51.3 59.6 51.2 59.8 11 52.7 64.6 52.8 63.9 12 55. 71.6 55.6 73.9 13 56.2 76.5 56.9 79. 14 58. 86.1 58.9 88.2 15 61.8 99.3 62.3 106.8 54 TABLE SHOWING HEIGHTS AND WEIGHTS AT DIFFERENT AGES LEAVER (BOYS) No. Examined. Years of Age. |
92ba7c8e-b5dd-4c89-ad55-efcc902eb988 | 12—13 13—14 14—15 No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Wright lbs. Acton Wells Mixed 40 37 57.9 81. 2 58. |
c983a150-6362-4b52-b477-11bb0b7f2337 | 82.5 1 59.5 86.3 Central 45 45 59.1 85.5 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... John Perrvn Senior 22 22 57.2 79.3 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Priorv Boys' 100 100 56.8 78.4 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Southfield Snr.Boys' 78 78 57.2 82.1 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Roman Catholic — 9 7 57.2 74.6 2 61.6 102.1 ...... ...... ...... 294 289 4 1 (GIRLS) Acton Wells Mixed 34 32 59.5 81.8 1 54.5 69.3 1 57.5 76.5 Beaum't Pk. Girls' — 77 75 58. |
c7f29426-da3f-47cd-8857-8791fa922b1c | 77.9 2 59.4 83.7 ...... ...... ...... Central 47 47 59.6 87.7 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... John Perrvn Snr. 13 13 58.7 80.3 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Priory Girls' 107 104 57.6 78.3 3 59.3 92.7 ...... ...... ...... Roman Catholic 14 14 58. 77.9 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 292 285 6 1 TABLE SHOWING HEIGHTS AND WEIGHTS AT DIFFERENT AGES INTERMEDIATES (BOYS) No. Examined. Years of Age. 7—8 8—9 9—10 No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. |
e325f64c-d801-40de-ad97-7cdb3ddeacc9 | Acton Junior Mixed 19 14 49.2 53.7 5 50.2 58.1 ...... ...... ...... Acton Wells Mixed 17 5 50.8 59.8 12 50.1 56. ...... ...... ...... Acton Wells Infants' 36 28 48.4 53.7 8 49.3 54.7 ...... ...... ...... Beaumont Park Infts. 3 3 50.2 54.3 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Berrymede Jnr. Boys' 116 70 49.9 53.4 46 49.5 53.8 ...... ...... ...... Derwentwater Jnr. 38 19 50.5 55.1 19 51. 61.4 ...... ...... ...... Derwentwater Infts.' 4 3 50.7 51.5 1 50.3 55. |
e6ecec6b-a72a-4fd0-ae05-39e998912e4e | ...... ...... ...... East Acton 12 2 48.4 52. 10 50.2 54.5 ...... ...... ...... John Perryn Jnr. 1 ...... ...... ...... 1 50.3 64. ...... ...... ...... John Perryn Infts.' — 30 18 50. 53.8 12 49.3 . 55. ...... ...... ...... Priory Infants' 1 1 51. |
f0d53939-4806-4c25-b7cc-970f688acaf0 | 48.8 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Rothschild Jnr.Boys 69 21 49.2 54.3 48 49.8 56.2 ...... ...... ...... Rothschild Infants' 3 3 48.9 54.8 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Southfield Junior 43 20 49.5 53.7 23 51.6 60.1 ...... ...... ...... Southfield Infants' 8 8 51.5 58.7 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Roman Catholic 13 5 47.2 48.8 5 51.1 57.2 3 52.6 63.9 413 220 190 ...... ...... 3 ...... ...... 55 TABLE SHOWING HEIGHTS AND WEIGHTS AT DIFFERENT AGES. INTERMEDIATES (GIRLS) No. Examined. Years of Age. |
0916c63f-4042-4071-8084-2f1c230f8edb | 7—8 8—9 9—10 , No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. Acton Junior Mixed 14 13 49.4 51.8 ...... ...... ...... 1 50. 60.5 Acton Wells Mixed 13 4 48.7 52. 9 49.4 55.7 ...... ...... ...... Acton Wells Infts.' 47 36 48.4 52.8 11 49.1 56.7 ...... ...... ...... Beaura't P:.Jnr.Girls 70 22 48.4 49.3 47 49.1 50.7 1 59.3 103 Beaumont Pk. Infts.' 2 2 49. 50.1 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Berrymede Jnr. |
f2632fc1-127a-419d-bb2d-008ac5c7482a | Girls' 67 40 48.2 52.4 27 48.6 51.2 ...... ...... ...... Berrymede Infants' 1 1 50.5 46.5 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Derwentwater Jnr. 48 24 48.8 50.9 24 50.6 57.5 ...... ...... ...... Derwentwater Infts.' 6 .6 47.3 48.4 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... East Acton 21 6 47.8 48.3 14 50.5 58.4 1 55.3 68.8 John Perryn Junior 2 ...... ...... ...... 2 50.5 54.4 ...... ...... ...... John Perryn Infts. |
276cd091-49af-4f65-8e3b-38db98618d60 | 25 9 48.8 52.3 16 50.5 55.8 ...... ...... ...... Priory Infants' 52 26 48.1 50.6 26 49. ......51.8...... ...... ...... ...... Rothschild Infants' 2 2 47.6 46.7 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Southfield Junior 49 20 49.7 52. 29 49.8 53.4 ...... ...... ...... Southfield Infants' 4 4 49.1 49.3 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Roman Catholic 23 2 50.1 56. 19 49.2 52.5 2 53.6 73.9 446 217 224 5 56 TABLE SHOWING HEIGHTS AND WEIGHTS AT DIFFERENT AGES. ENTRANTS (BOYS) No. Examined. Years of Age. |
8d878e8b-0c6d-4395-ac14-2f6395fb4c4a | 3—4 4—5 5—6 6—7 No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height ins. Weight lbs. No. Height No. Weight lbs. Acton Junior Mixed 25 ...... ...... ...... 7 42. 38.8 16 43.8 43.2 2 45.6 44.1 Acton Wells Infants' 78 ...... ...... ...... 24 41.2 39.3 44 43.6 43.4 10 46.5 50. Beaumont Park Infants' 64 20 37.9 32.7 28 41.1 37.6 13 43.4 41. 3 41.8 37.7. |
42960dfa-5fa9-4181-9f52-d58a9c2e816e | Berrymede Infants' 98 ...... ...... ...... 45 40.4 38.1 46 42.9 41. 7 45. 47. Derwentwater Infants' 52 ...... ...... ...... 12 41.8 41.4 31 43.4 42.3 9 47. 50.4 East Acton 10 ...... ...... ...... 5 41.3 38.7 1 43. 44. 4 47.6 49.5 John Perryn Infants' 34 ...... ...... ...... 15 42.3 39.9 .12 43.9 43.3 7 47.9 53.3 Priory Infants' 55 ...... ...... ...... 24 41.1 37.9 30 43.3 41.7 1 44.3 43. |
7ea29ed7-3ce7-49c9-bddb-32c0228f17b3 | Rothschild Infants' 48 8 37.8 34.1 21 40.5 38.5 17 42.6 40.7 2 43.6 42.6 Southfield Infants' 59 ...... ...... ...... 20 41.9 39.2 27 44.2 42.2 12 46. 45.4 Roman Catholic 7 ...... ...... ...... 3 43.2 41. 2 42.4 30.7 2 40.5 47.2 530 28 204 239 59 (GIRLS) Acton Junior Mixed 24 ...... ...... ...... 6 40.8 38.1 17 43.8 38.7 1 47. |
410a0349-506f-4310-bd69-852764e6e8bf | 44.8 Acton Wells Infants' 50 ...... ...... ...... 20 40.7 37.8 24 43.2 42.5 6 45.0 45.2 Beaumont Park Infants' 69 12 36.8 30.6 33 41. 36.9 20 42.5 38.6 4 47.5 48.1 Berrymede Infants' 75 ...... ...... ...... 38 40.4 38.1 32 42. 38.3 5 45.4 44. Derwentwater Infants' 71 ...... ...... ...... 20 41.5 39.4 38 44. |
9463c1a6-93cc-4dac-8235-a3d44878e109 | 42.1 13 45.9 46.5 East Acton 10 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 7 44.3 41.1 3 40.2 47.4 John Perryn Infants' 41 ...... ...... ...... 11 40. 36. 21 43.4 40.4 9 45.9 45.6 Priory Infants' 37 ...... ...... ...... 19 40.8 37.3 17 43.1 40.6 1 47. 45.3 Rothschild Infants' 55 10 36.8 30.6 19 40.1 36.3 17 43. 40.5 9 44.9 44. |
933ad183-82dd-4afd-b606-4ac9b3c99307 | Southfield Infants' 42 ...... ...... ...... 15 41.3 36.8 21 43.3 40.7 6 45.8 48.7 Roman Catholic 20 ...... ...... ...... 11 40.6 37.7. 7 44. 43.8 2 45.6 45.4 494 22 | 192 221 59 57 Certain alterations compared with last year have been made. In last year's report, there were Berrymede Junior Boys' and South Acton Junior Boys', Girls, and Infants. In this year's Table, Berrymede Junior Boys' and South Acton Junior Boys' have been merged and called Berrymede Junior Boys'. The South Acton Girls' and Infants are in this year's Table known as Berrymede Girls' and Infants'. The John Perryn School appears for the first time. East Acton Mixed disappears. |
591da62f-94c2-46bd-8e2d-970847f99bf6 | The John Perryn school children formerly attended the East Acton Mixed School and the Acton Wells Mixed and Infants' Departments. The opening of the John Perryn School accounts for the reduction in the two departments of the Acton Wells School. There is an increase in the number on the registers, and the number in average attendance. This is due to several causes. The natural increase in the population tends to keep up the number of schoool children. The abnormal birth rate of 1920 is still felt as a "bulge" in schools. It will be remembered that throughout the country there was an abnormally high birth rate in 1920 and these children will be in 1932 in the Senior Department. There is also a slight increase in the Infants' departments of Beaumont Park and Rothschild Infants' Schools, due to the establishment of nursery classes. |
b670fa55-0e3e-4e08-ab68-8a471832c768 | With the exception of these two departments, and for the reason stated, the general trend of the school population has not materially altered in the last year. There is a tendency for the reduction in the number of school children in the southern areas, but this reduction is balanced by the increased number in the northern part of the district. The complete results of the census have not been published, but the ward population has been issued by the Registrar General. The North East Ward increased in the ten years by over 6,000 inhabitants, the North West by nearly 4,500, the South East by nearly 1,500, but the South West decreased by nearly 2,700 inhabitants. The exact figures are given in the Annual Health Report. The age distribution of the population has not been received, but it will probably be found that the number of school children have decreased in the same proportion as the general population of the South West Ward. |
fe88d2da-433a-4118-8b5b-54ded6f3dbdb | This is not the place to discuss the factors which are in operation but to those whose sphere of work lies in the South West Ward, causes are evident. Large families are now comparatively rare there, and the size of the families is approximating to those with which we are familiar in the other wards, and the causes which are in operation are the same. The causes are not transient ones, and the difficulties which now face the Committee respecting the school accommodation will persist in a more intense form in the immediate future. 58 JOHN PERRYN SCHOOL. The John Perryn School in East Acton was opened by the Mayor (Councillor H. Holmes, J.p.). on June 6th, 1931. Hitherto the children of East Acton had attended the Acton Wells School or the East Acton Infants' school. The East Acton School has been temporarily closed. The John Perryn School stands on a site of 2.67 acres. |
f02708f6-a688-47f5-9b2b-c16424e1c8ae | The site falls from west to east, and there is a difference in levels of 18 feet. The West end of the school is one storey in height and the east end has two storeys. The school is planned around two internal quadrangles with the large assembly hall between, with its major axis north and south. The principal entrance is situated in the centre of the south front in a central block, which is a feature of this elevation. The entrance gives on to the vestibule from which access is gained to private rooms of the staff, and to the caretaker's flat above, thence on to the main corridor running east and west, and continuous around the school, at the level of which the class-rooms open. The opening sashes of all windows are hung with spring pivots and each sash is operated separately. The bottom sashes are hopper, hung to open inwards, and have glazed hopper metal checks at the sides to prevent draughts. |
6d4135d0-31d8-4c6f-bb25-e324f75a9f7c | Ventilation is gained by a through current above the heads of the pupils. The school is centrally heated, and oil is the fuel used. The latrines are accessible under cover and the roofs are glazed with wire glass. The playgrounds are asphalted, and on the north and west are bordered with school gardens. On the lower ground certain auxiliary services are housed, such as a circulating library and the medical inspection rooms. The medical inspection rooms are used also for the purpose of a Child Welfare Centre. The rooms are excellently adapted for the latter purpose. There is a separate entrance, they are on a level with one of the entrance gates and there is a covered place convenient for the perambulators. Scheme of Education. |
af9c016f-e460-4714-9a33-da5ef9af6087 | The John Perryn School is designed to provide facilities primarily for the East Acton Estate and its immediate environs and these facilities include (a) An Infants' Department, of seven rooms including a baby room and a hall, with a total accommodation of 336 (b) A Junior Mixed Department of seven rooms and Hall, 59 accommodation 336, and (c) A Senior Mixed Department of seven rooms including two rooms for instruction in Science and Art, also a Manual Centre and a Domestic Subject Centre, a Library and a large Hall, accommodation 320. Infants' Department. This Department now provides for infants of ages 4 to 8. The methods adopted are those introduced by Dr. Montessori, and are based on directed or controlled freedom of movement co-ordinated with a scientific use of didactic material. The introduction of the Montessori system has wrought a great change in the outlook of children towards their work in school. |
200fb339-2e65-4403-9ffc-58794eb3701d | The Headmistress and five members of her staff possess the Montessori Diploma. There are now 381 scholars on the roll (February, 1932) of the Infants' Department which has necessitated the temporary transfer of the use of a room normally appertaining to the Junior Department. Junior Department. This department provides for a three year course from ages 8-11 and allows for the grouping of children into two groups for each year, plus a class for difficult children. At the present time the Junior Department is combined with the Senior Department under one Head Teacher, but the break at 11 plus is maintained. Senior Department. In designing this department the original intention was to provide accommodation for the raising of the school leaving age to 15. It was hoped also at some future date to combine the John Perryn and Acton Wells Senior departments, one to function for Senior Boys and the other for Senior Girls. |
6108ed61-e5d7-46ad-a8ab-d8238c856d89 | If there is a possibility of the present numbers in the John Perryn Senior and Junior Departments being maintained (560 in February 1932) these two departments will be separated and Head Teachers assigned to each. It is also intended to utilise the Senior department premises in connection with the system of evening continuation schools now working in connection with the Acton Technical College, whilst the Branch Library it is hoped, will add to its present usefulness as a permanent factor in the adult education movement. The school has become a flourishing centre of educational activity. There is a large and active parents guild and .the combined Junior and Senior hall is licensed for public functions. DEFECTS FOUND IN MEDICAL INSPECTION. Table 2 includes a return of defects found at Medical Inspection. Under Malnutrition it will be seen that 1 child needed treatment, and 57 required to be kept under observation. Few 60 ditions present more difficulties of ascertainment, than nutrition, and the results are dependent upon the presonal views of the inspector. |
7faeb3dd-d82f-45ec-b573-d548641f97cf | It will probably afford more light upon the physical condition of the children, if the heights and weights of the children in the different schools are given. In accordance with our usual practice, we have again inserted these Tables this year. It must be remembered though, that height and weight are not always a true index of nutrition. We usually assess nutrition at routine inspection under the headings A.B. and C. B is supposed to be normal, A supernormal and C subnormal. To anyone who is used to medical inspection the difficulty of assessing and standardizing nutrition is obvious. Unconsciously we are inclined to vary the standard according to the class of school which is being inspected, and to adopt a higher standard for normal nutrition in a school where all, or most, of the children are well clothed and well fed, than we do in a school in a poorer neighbourhood. |
7dbdac8f-31d2-4464-8c53-0c826ce5350b | It may seem surprising that the figures for nutrition appear so good, for it is well known that, the district in common with all industrial areas has suffered from unemployment. We were fortunate in the fact that we did not feel the stress of unemployment as early as some other areas, and the unemployment had not been so wide spread and severe as in some industrial areas in the north, but the unemployment figures here for 1931 were higher than those of 1930. So far though the increase of unemployment has not been reflected in the nutritional state of the children. It is admitted that malnutrition and a subnormal state of health are the resultant of many factors, and that only one of these is underfeeding, but it is doubtful if there are many cases of underfeeding among the school children. An enquiry was made this year, into the condition of some children who had been referred by the Head Teacher of the school. Of these selected children, few could be said to suffer from malnutrition. |
a4f68107-49ac-4392-957e-a84125d2df61 | There were some who appeared to be neglected, but it was significant that the two worst cases were those whose fathers were in constant employment, and earning comparatively good wages. It is probable that the improvement observed in spite of industrial distress is due to a better appreciation of food values, and the milk schemes in the schools undoubtedly make for better nutritional state in the children. Ringworm. In last year's report I called attention to the slight increase in the number of cases of Ringworm of the scalp. There is again an increase to be noted this year. 12 cases were treated by the Education Authority and 2 privately, compared with a total of 61 7 cases which occurred last year. 3 cases occurred in one family, and there were 2 cases in each of 2 other families. 6 of the cases were in attendance at Southfield School, 2 in John Perryn school, and 2 in Acton Wells. |
a7e49cca-288e-471c-838a-ddb7519252fc | There was one each in Acton Junior, Beaumont Park, Priory, and Berrymede. Otorrhoea. There is a slight increase in the number of children suffering from diseases of the ear, and during the coming year it is hoped that an attempt will be made to deal more efficiently with the ear conditions. Particular attention should be directed to the attempts which are being made to detect minor degrees of deafness. The detection of partial deafness has been hampered by the lack of scientific methods. Statistics have proved that a number of school children are partially deaf, but there was no method of testing in the past which was quick enough to survey large groups in a short time, and accurate enough to segregate the slightly deaf for further examination. It is now claimed that the need has been met by the introduction of the Audiometer. This instrument has been used in some schools and it is stated to have proved a valuable aid in the detection of slight deafness. Defective Speech. |
343ad808-dd0e-449a-a32b-24a3cdf934bb | 3 children suffering from speech defects were found at Routine inspection. It will be recollected that a few years ago, a speech defect class was formed and the results obtained justified the experiment. Most of these children have now left school, and it was decided to ascertain the number of children now in school suffering from a defect of speech, and at the end of the year 1931, there were 19 stammerers in the schools. Of these, 12 were slight, and 7 were severe cases. A further detailed report upon these children will be submitted to the Committee during the year, so that the members can decide as to the desirability of again having the Speech Defect Class. In addition to these, there were 13 children who articulated badly. These of course are in an entirely different category. The fundamental cause is different, and the treatment is different. |
13254104-9480-4b01-86f2-6ae57dc0ea22 | We were fortunate that there was in one of the schools a teacher who was interested in, and had attended a course in, corrected articulation, and she has kindly supervised a class of these children. The course is not yet finished. 62 RETURN OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN. On Table 3 will be found a return of all exceptional children in the area. The notes which accompany the Table will explain what otherwise might appear to be certain discrepancies. The figures in the Table refer to the conditions which obtain at the end of the year. Blind. There are 2 children at certified schools for the Blind, 1 boy and 1 girl. Both children attend schools maintained by the London County Council. There is also 1 boy who attends a private school. This boy used to attend one of the Council schools, but was examined and excluded from an ordinary school on account of High Myopia. The Committee made arrangements for his attendance at one of the L.C.C. |
8574c2d0-07e8-4ab3-8e98-c2a95af6f726 | 's Special Schools, and he attended there for some time, but very irregularly. The parents then withdrew the boy from the school and he now attends a private school. We had to acquiesce in these arrangements and the result may be most unfortunate for the boy. One girl is not in school, but she has only recently reached the age of 7 years and has come into the district recently. She was referred to the School Clinic by one of the London Hospitals and is kept under observation, and has so far been excluded from an elementary school. Deaf. There are 4 girls in certified schools for the Deaf. 3 of these are at Oak Lodge Residential School, and the other attends the Ackmar Road Special School. There are 3 others attending elementary schools in the district, but all are under 7 years of age. There are 2 others who attend an elementary school in the district, they are kept under observation, as recently the deafness has increased. |
9d62d8dd-760f-48db-8ea5-ebb6d07087df | One of them will probably have to attend soon at a school for the Deaf. Mentally Defective. Under this heading are 44 children who attend the Special School, and 27 in attendance at the public elementary schools. A word of explanation is necessary regarding the latter. At some of our schools, there are classes for backward children, and where necessary the teachers select children from these classes for admission to the Special School. Owing to unforseen circumstances, no admissions were made to the Special School in the last term of the year, and these 27 herein included are awaiting examination with a view to admission to the Special School. 63 Crippled Children. One girl is at St. Mary's Home, Dover. The crippling resulted from an attack of Infantile Paralysis. One girl attends the Physically Defective School in New Kings Road, Fulham, and a boy attends Faroe Road, Physically Defective School. |
6d8df744-88df-40e9-8af6-b763801a05c7 | There are 42 crippled children attending the public elementary7 schools. Most of these have attended or are attending special Hospitals. It will be noticed that 9 should be receiving special school education, but the kind of school has not yet been determined. The boy who was not in any school is suffering from OsteoMyelitis and attends the out-patient department of a London Hospital. Heart Disease. At the end of the year, one girl was resident in the West Wickham Heart Home. During the year, 2 other children were sent by the Committee to certified Hospital schools, one to tVest Wickham, and the other to the Cheyne Convalescent Home. One boy was admitted to the West Middlesex Hospital, suffering from Chorea, and was there at the end of the year. Of the 7 cases who attend a Public? Elementary School, 2 are suffering from congenital Heart Disease, and are excused physical exercise. |
c0b15cf5-8485-4106-895c-0d5f0694aaa1 | One boy has been in different convalescent homes, and should really be in some institution, the others are attending various Hospitals * and Clinics, and are attending school under conditions and restrictions. Epilepsy. A girl suffering from severe epilepsy attends a private school, she was excluded from one of our schools on account of severe epilepsy, and the parents made arrangements for her attendance at a private school. Another, a boy, was temporarily excluded. The boy was attending a hospital and the physician recommended that he should attend an elementary school and he was readmitted. The attacks have recently increased in frequency and severity, and this year he has had to be excluded again. DEFECTS TREATED. On Table IV at the end of the Report will be found a list ot the defects treated under the Authority's schemes. Group 1 are 64 the Minor Ailments treated at the School Clinic. |
6e06f623-5b64-4d0f-aec5-1bd1d6744d1b | Group 2 gives the number of children treated for defective vision and squint, and the following report has been kindly written by Dr. Banham for inclusion. "The work of the Ophthalmic Clinic has been carried on regularly during the year 1931. Three hundred and fifty-nine children have been seen and advised, and 245 pairs of glasses supplied In addition 10 children and one mother sent from the Welfare Centres, have been treated and (impairs of glasses supplied. 8 Cases of external eye disease have been treated continuously, one of these was sent to the special hospital at Swanley for 3 months, and 2 cases of corneal ulceration were sent into the West Middlesex Hospital as the home conditions were not satisfactory. "This year the Report of a Committee of Inquiry into Problems connected with defective vision in school children has been received from the Board of Education. |
865eec6a-276d-48c8-b7d2-2361ae5523f2 | This gives the preliminary findings of the special committee dealing with the factors leading to the development of, and the aggravation of defective vision in childhood. Steps were first taken to find out the normal refraction at various ages of childhood and to establish a standard of reference for each age-group and sex. The determination of this should be of great practical value in the prevention of defective eyesight in children, particularly in the formation of views concerning the importance of ophthalmic investigation and treatment of children of pre-school age. "Approximately 200,000 cases of defective vision and squint are treated every year among school children, and the necessity is emphasized of early recognition of the abnormality and early treatment to prevent the abnormality getting worse. It is true also that some children with slightly defective vision may escape examination by refraction, if they do not complain of eye-strain and if the fault is not sufficient to cause any but a slight impairment of vision. |
d8eac894-bf40-4681-90db-50d0a12120ea | Thus a certain number of early and slight cases of myopia may be missed until they have progressed to such a condilion as to produce marked visual defect. "The report goes on to state that there is thus " a strong argument for modifying the present practice which governs ophthalmic work in the schools." "The ideal course would be that every child should have an examination by retinoscopy instead of, as now, having its vision tested. Thus refraction would become a regular part of routine 65 school medical inspection. Also examination of all children under 5 years of age should include refraction. Whether such a procedure is practicable on many grounds is questionable, but a more searching and thorough test at the routine medical inspection is suggested, and arrangements made whereby the younger children could have their vision tested at an earlier age than it is now done and at frequent intervals." (Sd.) G. BANHAM. Dr. |
9d342e6c-5949-46a3-8597-639a779d5d5a | Banham's report requires very serious consideration and she has kindly promised to report further upon any modification which may be necessary in our procedure, more particularly in the initial examination during routine inspections. Her vast experience, not only in Hospital and private work, but also in school work makes her advice particularly valuable. She is intimately aware of the limitations which are imposed upon us and how far we are from the ideal, but she also appreciates the difficulties with which we are met. Reference has already been made to the Report of the Committee appointed by the Board of Education, and 3 main points emerged upon which stress was laid. (1) The comparative rarity of normal vision at any age, the condition being observed in only 2-3% of children at the age of admission to school. Though its incidence increases with age, it does not exceed 10% among children about to leave school. |
d4f5197e-203d-4939-a4ad-eedd6cbc597f | (2) The rarity of myopia or short-sightendess under 5 years of age, and the gradual increase in incidence as age advances. (3) The great preponderance of cases of hypermetropia or long-sightendess at all ages, though the incidence diminishes as age advances. Group 111 includes the figures of treatment of Defects of the Nose and Throat. There is a slight decrease in the number of children who were operated on at the Acton Hospital under the terms of the Authority's scheme. In view of recent work which has been carried out on the results of operative treatment on Tonsils and Adenoids, it is possible that this decrease may have been a blessing. Formerly, our difficulty was the opposition of the parents to the removal of Tonsils and Adenoids. |
fc5f9c9f-f69f-4b25-8b9e-f255f834350e | We still come across cases where the tonsils are obviously diseased, the boy or girl is a mouth breather, snores at night, suffers from frequent colds, and 66 yet the parents will not have the tonsils and adenoids removed. However these instances are now rare, and they are not our greatest difficulty. We far more frequently come across cases in which the parents ask for the operation to be done, but there is no need for operative treatment. The parents belong to the careful type, who are over anxious about their child, and take him to a doctor for the slightest ailment. Sometimes removal is recommended because it is presumed that the tonsils might be the remote cause of disease, but frequently indiscriminate removal of tonsils is advised to save the trouble of making a diagnosis. As far back as 1923, Sir George Newman, in his Annual Report, issued a warning about the indiscriminate removal of tonsils and adenoids and laid down certain rules for the guidance of local authorities. |
783c27cf-c4c6-4ae2-9ba0-f389781cf577 | Such instructions were necessary, and as he foresaw, there was a danger that tonsillectomy, like many other therapeutical measures, was apt to be abused and the operation advised indiscriminately without any regard to the conditions present in the throat and ears. Mr. Layton, Consulting Otologist to the London County Council Fever Hospitals, in a recent report laid down the following maxims : (a) Only under the rarest circumstances should the tonsils ever be removed in any child under 5 years. (b) Between the ages of 5 and 10 years the tonsils should only be removed when it is proved to the hilt that it is the tonsils that are harming the child, and that the harm they are doing is greater than the good that is being done by the healthy lymphoid tissue that these tonsils still contain. (c) Tonsils and rhinological adenoids (i.e. |
de813af4-960c-48fd-9a50-ce864a414dc3 | those in the midline), should not be removed in children living under conditions of bad hygiene, in overcrowded houses or in insanitary conditions without overcrowding. In such circumstances the child needs all the lymphoid tissue of the upper respiratory tract with which to combat these disadvantages. (d) In order fully to consider all these points and to examine the child, a consultation of at least 10 minutes to a quarter of an hour is necessary, and only on the rarest occasion should a decision be come to at the first examination. Group IV of the Table gives the figures of the children inspected and treated for Dental Defects, and below is appended Mr. Slater's report for the year. It is explained earlier in the report that Mr. Slater is responsible for the figures in the last quarter only, and, naturally, lie is not prepared to express his views upon dental condition in general in the district. |
e0b75b9f-d9ad-4f1d-9726-eeb06294683a | 67 Although dental work has been in operation for some years in the district, we have to admit that dental defects is still the most widespread of all the defects found by school medical inspection, especially in the Entrant Group. In the Intermediate and Leavers Group we find that the conditions have improved, but this is due to the treatment which has been carried out as a result of the dental inspection. The conditions have therefore improved, but we have to admit that true preventive work has not been very successful. The Dental Profession has not given a definite and decided lead as to the path along which we should tread. On the one hand, there are eminent men who state that the prevention of dental caries is a matter concerned with the environment of the teeth. These dentists say that if sufficient care is taken of the teeth, caries will not result. One dentist advocates the use of the tooth brush, another depends upon the use of some cleansing food such as apples, at the end of a meal. |
0ad51bf1-71ba-4dd1-9e3b-452908760249 | The obvious remedy of these authorities would be to keep the teeth clean by natural and artificial means and to avoid circumstances which favour acid fermentation on the tooth surface, especially the eating of sweets and of soft insoluble carbohydrates without subsequent cleansing of the teeth. Recently the possibility of the prevention of dental disease by dietetic measures has been brought forward. Research work has been carried out by Mrs. Mellanby, and it is now claimed that dental disease is dependent upon an insufficient supply of Vitamin D in the diet of infants and possibly expectant mothers; that is during the period when the temporary teeth are laid down. Vitamin D is contained in abundance in Cod Liver Oil and in irradiated ergosterol, and investigations have been made of the effect of Vitamin D upon dental caries. Although the results obtained await the confirmation of wider experience, there is some hope that dental caries may be prevented or checked by a comparatively simple dietetic process. ANNUAL REPORT OF SCHOOL DENTAL SURGEON. |
78d064a0-a348-48d1-9b6d-8f877a126916 | "7320 School children and 318 infants from the Maternity and Child Welfare Centres were examined in 1931. Of these, 4579 school children and 179 infants were referred for treatment, 2999 and 172 respectively actually being treated. "The changing of Clinics and Dentist has resulted, of course, in a slight drop in the figures for school children, though there is an increase in the number of gas cases. It is encouraging however that the number of actual extractions has fallen, showing that, as was also the case in the previous year, the amount of treatment required by each child is less. The percentage of children not requiring treatment shows another 2% increase. 68 "As regards the percentage of refusals, this is still slowly moving in the right direction, showing a small drop on last year. "Quite a large number of mothers attend the dental inspetions at the schools and interest seems to be growing. |
428b3478-b2ae-49a1-b3a6-d1791df95374 | "Regarding the Maternity and Child Welfare work, 75 more infants have been examined and 7 more treated this year than last. "10 mothers less were inspected and 7 less treated, though 6 more dentures were supplied. "Lectures to mothers and inspection of infants has been continued at the Welfare Centres. "In conclusion I should like to express my appreciation of the very great help rendered by all concerned at the Clinic, and of the help and co-operation of the Head Teachers." (Sd.) P. SLATER. UN CLEANLINESS. Group V refers to Uncleanliness and Verminous conditions, and the figures given in this group will show what a large portion of the time of the nurses these conditions demand. There has been a great improvement even in recent years, and when we compare the conditions with those that obtained before the War the improvement has been immense. |
f97b5fce-612f-4aa3-99dc-2622152b2365 | If the Tables giving the figures for the different schools be examined, it will be observed that the highest percentage of infestation is only 18.7, and that was in September. Only 10 years ago, in two of the schools nearly two-thirds of the scholars had either vermin or nits in their hair—the figures being 61.1% and 64.6% Several of the schools then had over 40% of the scholars showing some sign or other of infestation. There is room though for still further improvement, and as the question has during the year been before the School Attendance Committee, I am referring again to the matter in detail. I have on former occasions expressed the opinion that, in this district, school attendance is not the most important factor in the spread of unclean conditions of the head and body. The figures in all the schools are always worse in the ex aminations which are made at the beginning of the term than they are at the end of the term. |
4da63c0f-8ea6-4e28-89c9-779b88ef280c | The worst figures are usually obtained at the commencement of the Winter Term, at the end of nearly a five-weeks absence from school. As the term advances, an'im- 69 provement occurs; this result is obtained through continuous and rigorous inspection and re-inspection by the School Nurses. It is not denied that there is a risk of spread through school contact, and this risk is one of the reasons why the head inspections are made. The risk of the spread of infestation is greatest of course, where the nurses find the. vermin present in the head or clothes, and whenever this condition is found, the children are excluded from school. For tabular purposes the infested children are grouped into four categories, A.B,C, and D. In Group A the children have very few nits, the nurses having counted less than 10. In Group B there are a few more nits, but the nurses estimate that less than 100 are present. |
cb910cd4-2d09-4b0a-b761-b9f5c0362504 | In Group C the nits are very numerous but no live vermin have been detected. In Group D both lice and nits have been detected. It is only the children in Group D who are excluded from attendance at school, although notices are sent to the parents or guardians of all who show any evidence of infestation. The children in Groups A, B and C. are re-inspected at school, but it is usually found that most of the children in these groups are easily and quickly cleaned, and on re-inspection the heads are free from nits. Instructions are given on the method of cleansing, and these if carried out, result in the destruction and the disappearance of the nits. While the nits are present, certain precautions are taken and these precautions could be extended. The matter will be referred to when the question of treatment is discussed. The greatest difficulty is with the children whose heads and clothes are verminous. |
eb976aa0-5ca3-44e9-a5bf-61407e9a590a | The difficulty is not in the cleansing of the child but with the underlying conditions. With the present vogue of short hair in girls, the head can easily be disinfested in a day. Former!}' it took a few days to get rid of the nits, because the parents objected to have the girl's hair cut short. The nits had to be killed and it was very difficult to treat them in such a manner that they were easily removed from the hair. The nits could only be loosened and slid along the long hair. This difficulty does not now arise, practically all the girls have short hair, and there is no difficult}in removing the nits from the hair.- A great improvement has taken place, but there still remains acertain number of children who are persistently and continuously giving trouble on account of their uncleanliness. It may be stated that most of the uncleanliness in the schools arises from about families. |
80ec7174-8aab-4fdd-a34f-112fb9a079e8 | This does not mean that only children from these 20 families are infested, but that if the children from these families 70 could be removed from the district, the other children could be dealt with fairly easily. Most of the others are amenable to treatment and their parents do make an effort to assist us when the conditions are pointed out to them. Those children of course are liable to be infested by, and from, the children of the chronically unclean families, not only- inside but also outside the schools. At the head inspections in July, 42 children were found to be verminous and were excluded from school. If the figures are examined, it will be found that these children belong to the families referred to, and it will further be found, that not only these children, but the other girls, if there are sisters, have been old offenders in this respect. |
0e643bfc-eeac-4d27-b918-85b8665056c0 | We have records on our lists in which even7 girl in the family has been found at every inspection to be unclean, and in some instances, the trait has shown itself in the second generation. We had an unfortunate instance quite recently which illustrated the difficulties to which I have alluded, and the circumstances were brought to light in the course of a head inspection in one of our schools. Two children were excluded from school on account of their verminous condition, and the address of these two was one which was very well known to us. All the children in this family had been excluded from school on account of the state of their heads at some time or another. In the case of some of them, exclusion regularly occurred after every head inspection. On looking through the records of the girls, it was seen that throughout their school careers, their heads were almost always infested when the schools were inspected. |
44995cc1-9a65-44a5-96fb-47ccfb5173cf | The record of one of the girls started as soon as she entered school in 1921, and before her school career came to an end she was found to be infested on 130 occasions. On several occasions she was found to be verminous, and twice the parents were summoned before the Magistrates and find. The record of the other girls was almost as bad, and even the boys were frequently found to be infested. We were hoping that our troubles would soon be ended, as the boys and one of the girls had left school, and the only remaining girl was nearing school leaving age, when these two children made their appearance in the Infants' Department. On enquiry it was found that these two were grandchildren and had been taken care of by the grandparents, because the father and mother were separated. The mother had left her husband and children, and the children had been brought to the grandparents. |
6593a417-333a-4051-a3ab-d40a4c99c668 | Unfortunately the house was overcrowded before the arrival of the two grandchildren, and a girl of 14 was sleeping in the same 71 room as her parents. There were only 2 rooms available and 2 grown-up boys were sleeping in the other room, which also served the purpose of a kitchen. The boys could not very well be asked to seek other lodgings, as they were the chief means of support of the family. The father was out of work and the mother suffered from rheumatism. There was a general air of apathy about the house. It was full of rubbish, and the whole place was in a filthy condition. 1 n addition to the verminous condition of the two children inspected in school, the rooms were literally over-run with bed bugs. The inspector, when he visited the house, showed the occupant the bugs which were walking along the walls, and evidently very little effort had been made by the tenants to control them in any way. |
e28eeb86-6e29-4902-8a95-bbfae157217b | We had served notice on the landlord in 1930, to do certain work and the house had been re-decorated. In spite of this, the conditions in the Autumn of 1931 were deplorable. Even if the heads of the children had not been infested with lice, it would be unfair and unkind to the other children in the class to allow the children from this house to attend school. Anyone who is acquainted with the habits of the bed bug knows how difficult it is to get rid of this pest once it finds lodgment in a house. Investigations were carried out recently by the Gasgow Health Dept. and it was ascertained that a bed bug can live for some months without any sort of food, and at the end of that time can reproduce its kind, and its young can then subsist for another couple of months without food. |
5c1280b6-a4f9-4f4d-a6bc-c1d15a3e6b84 | The ordinary method of disinfection are useless ; the bed bug shelters itself in crevices and cracks and unless the disinfectant acts directly on it, it will survive. If there is a picture rail in the room, it has to be taken down, and cracks and crevices have to be stopped. Even then it is doubtful if the bugs are always killed. It was arranged in this house to remove the furniture out into the yard and endeavour by spraying and fumigation to get rid of the pests, but our hopes of success were faint. Unless we can instil into the occupants some spark of self-respect, and a determination to be clean, a relapse will occur and the same process has again to be repeated after the next inspection. I have mentioned this case in detail, as I wish to impress upon the Committee that the question of uncleanliness is not a simple one, but is usually complicated by many factors. |
2b5fb089-9d6f-4a27-83a6-3c899ea5a22f | 72 The establishment of a cleansing station is not going to solve the difficulty, and it is only a platitude to say that the home conditions are not normal and must be remedied. Of course, the home conditions are abnormal, or the children would not be sent to school in a dirty state. We are sometimes apt to think that social misery and insanitary conditions are dependent solely upon housing conditions. It is true that measures which result in remedying insanitary conditions are associated with, and united to, other factors, such as ignorance, privation, intemperance, suffering, &c., and each one of these factors is in itself complex. Privation involves the operation of several influences, to each of which it is difficult to apportion its true weight; among these influences are loss of employment, and a large family to provide for, but these are also due to an underlying and a deeper cause. There are exceptions to every rule, but usually the more feckless the parents, the larger the family. |
e831e0e9-6814-4c29-83f5-ddb265f443a1 | The parents give very little thought to anything, and consequently never think how a large family can be provided for. They started their married life in a very small house or more frequently a small flat or tenement, and cannot afford to remove to a larger flat ot house. Overcrowding results, and most of the infested cases with which we have to deal are associated with overcrowding. Among other sinister effects of overcrowding is the lowering of the standard of cleanliness and decency in the occupants of the house. This effect is so potent that even after the overcrowding has been abated, the difficulty of uncleanliness persists. The occupants of an overcrowded house, have been so used to a low standard of living, that even when the housing condition has been ameliorated, the children still remain unclean. This is probably the cause of the large propertion of unclean children from the Council houses, and who attend the John Perryn School. |
9c88d6be-be2b-4cca-a76d-970eb0a2a358 | At recent meetings of the School Management Committee this significant fact has been commented upon. The members haverightly expressed the opinion that the material conditions which obtain in the Council houses should render uncleanliness impossible. The Housing Committee, in selecting tenants for the Council houses, paid regard to the conditions under which the applicants had to live, and selected those who lived under the worst housing conditions. In many instances it was impossible for the tenants to live cleanly and decently. The Housing Committee offered them better conditions, and the people moved into bet:er houses but retained their previous standards of cleanliness. 73 I am given to understand that in almost every instance, where notices have had to be served on account of uncleanliness, their tenancy of a Council house was a comparatively recent one. We may infer that in time all the tenants of the Council houses will conform to a higher standard of cleanliness, but the risk involved should not be run. |
ed3fd2f3-6d71-4b46-b27a-5546df4d8699 | Before any mischief is done, these few defaulting tenants should be given to understand that their former standards will not be tolerated. I understand that the Housing Committee has decided to notify these tenants that continuance of these conditions may result in the loss of the house to the tenant. It is only by such means that we can hope for a further improvement in the standard of cleanliness, and like all educative measures it will be a slow affair. It is not sufficient to clean the heads and bodies of the children, but the work must also be done in the homes. In the case of Council houses, the work is comparatively easy, as we can count upon the assistance of the Housing Committee. But we cannot expect the same alacrity to assist on the part of private landlords. We have to rely on the statutory obligations of both landlords and tenants. I know that these measures are somewhat punitive in their character, and are not consistent with modern educative ideas, but they are efficacious. |
8a9ed139-7955-475c-994a-729656dca406 | We had some striking instances of success when teachers applied what turned out to be punitive methods, although the object was very far from being punitive. In one of the schools one of the mistresses takes a deep interest in the cleanliness of the girls in her class. She was generally present when the Nurse made the head inspection. If there were in the class any girls whose heads contained nits, she kept them apart. Her primary object, of course, was to protect the girls who were clean. She rightly looked upon herself as the guardian of these girls whilst under her care, and wished to protect them from any injurious influences, and especially from head infestation. This separation had another effect. In time the infested girls felt that there was a certain stigma attached to the separation, and soon effected a change themselves. In almost every instance, the girls in this class are all clean in a few days after each head inspection. |
ab332806-5ca5-4d75-8958-9648687966f3 | Not only was there a marked improvement after inspection, but the condition at each inspection had markedly improved. The girls evidently were determined that they would not risk separation on account of infested heads. In passing, it may be mentioned that this class was by no means an easy one to deal with. Some of the girls had been affected 74 by the re-organisation scheme, and were transferred from another school. Their former school was one of the worst in the district, and the class was no exception to the school. When they were removed to their present school they came under the afore-mentioned teacher, whose class always shows good results. She had carried out the methods of separation described above for some time. The influx of these girls from another school had at first a bad effect upon results of the head inspection in her class, but very soon her separation methods had effect, and her class invariably shows good results at each inspection. |
e8ae92a2-8f5e-4793-b2d8-a4272a56a2f6 | Other causes may have operated, such as change of surroundings, contact with a type of girl different to those they were accustomed to, as well as the change of teacher. The latter factor probably is the most potent. Some teachers can instill more than others a wholesome respect to their wishes. I feel sure that if the teachers would carry out these methods that we should get better results, but there is a feeling that if they did proceed along these lines, they would not always be supported by the Committee. There are exceptional circumstances in which such a procedure as the separation of the unclean children would not be justified, but such cases are few and far between, and the matter could safety be left to the discretion of the teachers. The teachers know the domestic circumstances of most of their pupils, and no undue harshness is ever exercised in any exceptional or hard cases. |
61e5b7bf-e816-4d0b-901b-5d6fea704cc6 | These exceptional cases are well known both to the teachers and to the school nurses, because some of the most difficult cases that we have to deal with are those who belong to a home which has been the scene of a domestic calamity. We have in the schools a few children whose parents have separated. The difficulties arise when the wife has left her husband, her home, and her children. Under these conditions, the deterioration in the children was obvious soon after the separation. Whereas, formerly, the childeren had been clean and well kept, very soon notices had to be sent, that the children were not clean, and the heads were infested. In one instance, the mother had been taken to a mental institution, and the grandmother looked after the house, but she was too old and infirm to keep the place and the children clean. In all these exceptional circumstances, the nurses do the cleansing at the School Clinic, but otherwise the Committee do not undertake the responsibility of disinfesting the children. |
0f9d42c9-a19d-414e-83d6-54f901c76c80 | After the inspection, whenever necessary, notices are issued informing the parent of the condition found, and instructions are 75 given for the appropriate condition. In cases of any difficulty, the nurses undertake to show the parents now to carry out the instructions issued. In some instances a summons has to be issued for want of attendance at school. The School Attendance Committee are apt to be lenient in the matter of prosecutions. Looking through the lists, we find that children have been excluded and allowed to remain out of school for as long as 6 weeks. It has been stated in a previous paragraph that under present conditions, the head and body can be disinfested in a few hours, and in no instance is it necessary for a child to be out of school for a longer period than 2 or 3 days. This allows for any domestic contingencies which may arise. In respect of absence from school there is room for improvement. In the following Tables the schools are referred to by numbers. |
5a46936c-05aa-46a7-8dae-9be54ee0409e | UN CLEANLINESS TABLE. Sch. Date. No. exam. Very few nits A. Few nits. B. Many nits. C. Vermin D. Total Unclean. % % % % Number % 1. July 125 ...... ...... .71 ...... 1 .71 September 112 2.9 1.9 ...... ...... 5 4.9 2. July 130 ...... .8 ...... ...... 1 .8 September 102 1.7 1.7 ...... ...... 4 3.5 3. July 211 2.3 ...... ...... ...... 5 2.3 September 249 4. .8 ...... ...... 12 4.8 4. July 135 2.2 ...... ...... ...... 3 2.2 September 231 1.2 ...... ...... ...... 3 1.2 5. |
a8a98d56-e45b-4543-9b92-24c582908ea6 | July 318 1.8 ...... ...... .9 9 2.8 September 260 2.3 ...... ...... ...... 6 2.3 6. July 138 4.3 4.3 ...... ...... 12 8.6 September 218 2.7 5. ...... .4 18 8.2 1 July 315 6. 3.1 ...... 1.2 33 10.4 September 295 5.4 8.1 ...... 1.3 44 14.9 8. July 276 2.5 4.7 ...... 2.8 28 10.1 September 221 1.8 4. ...... 2.7 19 8.5 9. July 554 5.8 .8 ...... .3 38 6.8 September 378 6.3 .5 ...... .2 28 7.4 10. |
5ff99414-315e-4414-b3e1-2eb37b3e8b7c | July 508 8.1 5.3 .9 .8 77 15.1 September 389 10.5 4.6 ...... ...... 59 15.2 11. July 379 11.3 1.8 ...... 1.3 55 14.5 September 268 14.9 1.4 ...... ...... 44 16.4 76 Sch. Date. No. exam. Very few nits. A. Fewnits. B. Many nits. C. Vemin. D. Total Unclean. Number 12. Julv 46 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... September 153 1.9 ...... ...... ...... 3 1.9 13. July 87 4.5 ...... ...... ...... 4 4.5 September 162 2.4 .6 .6 ...... 6 3.7 14. |
cfd29979-f450-44f7-ab5b-ad42440e7461 | July 227 1.7 ...... ...... ...... 4 1.7 September 235 .8 ...... ...... ...... 2 .8 15. July 213 2.3 1.4 ...... .9 10 4.6 September 160 3.1 ...... ...... ...... 5 3.1 16. July 269 1.5 ...... ...... .7 6 2.2 September 215 2.7 .5 ...... .5 8 3.7 17. July 212 .4 .4 ...... .4 3 1.4 September 248 .4 1.6 ...... ...... 5 2. 18. July 229 2.1 2.1 ...... .4 11 4.7 September 246 2. 4.4 ...... 1.2 19 7.7 19. |
d6f17368-33d2-431d-8f17-e395b7e0b606 | July 303 .6 1.6 ...... 2.3 14 4.6 September 347 1.4 2.5 ...... .2 15 4.3 20. July 262 3.4 .4 ...... ...... 10 3.8 September 344 4.9 1.1 ...... .5 23 6.6 21. July 172 5.2 2.9 ...... ...... 14 8.1 September 314 7.3 3.8 ...... ...... 35 11.1 22. July 281 6.7 1. ...... .4 23 8.1 September 219 7.7 .9 ...... ...... 19 8.6 23. July 325 1.5 2.1 ...... 1.5 17 5.2 September 272 2.9 .7 ...... .7 12 4.4 24. |
f16ce881-14c0-4d29-8706-5450d2d0b671 | July 218 3.2 2.7 ...... 1.8 17 7.7 September 208 6.2 9.1 ...... 3.3 39 18.7 25. July 174 ...... .5 ...... .5 2 1.1 September 228 .4 ...... ...... .8 3 1.3 26. July 229 .4 .8 ...... .8 5 2.1 September 204 .4 2.4 ...... .9 8 3.9 27. July 221 .4 .9 ...... ...... .3 1.3 September 207 2.8 .4 ...... ...... 7 3.3 28. July 206 1.9 .9 ...... .9 8 3.8 September 200 .5 1.5 ...... ...... 4 2. 29. |
3759e1d0-0ce0-4915-8ca8-7f8af49cbe2c | July 107 .9 ...... ...... .9 2 1.8 September 98 ...... 2. ...... 2. 4 .4 77 Sch. Date. No. exam. Very few nits. A. Few nits. B. Many nits. C. Vermin C. Total Unclean. Number. 30. July 124 9.6 4.8 ...... ...... 18 14.5 September 101 3.9 6.9 ...... ...... 11 10.8 31. July 50 6. 2. ...... 2. 5 10. September 46 ...... 8.6 ...... ...... 4 8.6 32. July 43 4.6 ...... ...... 2.3 3 6.9 September 44 6.8 ...... ...... ...... 3 6.8 CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. |
b8759e3c-875a-4af5-a2b4-316af2f2fdba | There was a marked decrease in the incidence of most of the infectious diseases. Until the last quarter of the year the district was almost entirely free of Measles. In the last quarter Measles was prevalent in London and it was more than probable that we should be visited by an outbreak. Nearly 2 years had elapsed since the previous outbreak, and the district is visited by an epidemic, either a minor or major, every two years. Intercommunication between the district and London is so intimate that if the soil here be suitable the other conditions favourable to an epidemic would almost certainly arise. These conditions obtained towards the end of the year, but the outbreak did not occur until the early part of 1932, when the schools reassembled after the Christmas holidavs. Scarlet Fever. The decline in the incidence of Scarlet Fever continued during 1931, and only 45 cases occurred amongst school children compared with 96 in 1930. |
d23ec038-5454-42e0-993c-d98c014eb763 | The cases were distributed as follows :— Southfield 9 Acton Wells 5 Berrymede 8 Rothschild 3 Derwentwater 9 Priory 3 JohnPerryn 7 Central 1 41 Scarlet Fever convalescent patients, and 119 'contacts' were examined before admission to school. There was no change in procedure in the treatment of contacts and convalescents. 78 Diphtheria. Diphtheria was also less prevalent in the district than in 1930; 35 cases occurred amongst school children compared with 62 in 1930. The cases were distributed as follows:— Priory 9 Central 2 Berrymede 6 Derwentwater 2 Beaumont Park 4 JohnPerryn 2 Acton Wells 4 Acton Junior 1 Southfield 4 Rothschild 1 CO-ORDINATION OF CHILD WELFARE AND SCHOOL MEDICAL SERVICES. |
82185c1f-deff-4936-9311-12271f0c0855 | It has been stated in previous reports that circumstances in Acton are favourable to the co-ordination of the Child Welfare and School Medical Services, and the developments which have occurred during the past year have tended towards the smoother working of the two services. In some instances the same officers act for both services. The School Medical Officers not only inspect the school children but act as Medical Officers of the Child Welfare Centres. Nurse Woosman and Miss Sorlie carry out the duties usually assigned to a Health Visitor and a School Nurse. They visit the homes where births have occurred, superintend Welfare Centres, and each carries out the similar duties in connection with the schools in their area. Children under 5 years of age with eye defects and carious teeth, can attend the School Clinic by arrangement with the Education Committee. During the past few years the supervision by the School Dental Surgeon has been extended. |
d7cf516d-74d4-4f7e-b658-e9ad23c2d1ad | In the school holidays at Christmas and Easter, the School Dental Surgeon attends at the Infant Welfare Centres, inspects the teeth of the children under five who attend, and gives an address to the mothers on the care of teeth. Arrangements are subsequently made for the treatment of the toddlers' teeth at the School Clinic. These arrangements have been facilitated by the development in the past year. The Child Welfare Centres formerly held in the Church Road Baptist Hall and the Palmerston Road Mission Hall are now held in the School Clinic premises at Avenue Road, and the East Acton Centre is held in the John Perryn School. MILK IN SCHOOLS. The arrangement for the distribution of milk in the different schools was continued in 1931, and the following tables give the number of children obtaining milk in the Spring and Autumn Terms: 79 Spring Term. Acton Junior Mixed 75 South Acton Girls' 84 Beaumont Pk. |
194fae9d-8c6b-47a2-8647-fb91d0489f6b | Senior Girls' 7 South Acton Junior Boys' 97 Bdeumont Pk. Junior Girls' 59 Berrymede Junior Boys' 51 Beaumont Park Infants' 135 South Acton Infants' 129 Derwentwater Junior 134 Southfield Junior 119 John Perryn Junior 58 Southfield Infants' 87 John Perryn Infants' 109 Roman Catholic 66 Priory Girls' 21 Priory Infants' 106 Total 1572 Rothschild Junior 76 Rothschild Infants' 159 Aulumn Term. Acton Junior Mixed 75 Priory Girls' 36 Beaumont Pk. Senior Girls' 10 Priory Infants' 86 Beaumont Pk. |
1260c0d8-f524-4833-9c55-58b7ae38dd70 | Junior Girls'59 Rothschild Junior 88 Beaumont Park Infants' 143 Rothschild Infants' 163 Berrymede Junior Boys' 92 Southfield Junior 98 Berrymede Junior Girls' 81 Southfield Infants' 111 Berrymede Infants' 130 ,Southfield Senior Boys' 36 Derwentwater Junior 135 Roman Catholic 73 John Perryn Junior 71 John Perryn Infants' 127 Total 1614 EMPLOYMENT OF CHILDREN. The following Tables give the number of children employed in the various registered occupations. Delivering newspapers still remains the most popular of these occupations with school children; and assisting in the delivery of milk comes next in the list. Neither of these occupations is a laborious one, a boy who delivers newspapers usually works from 7 to 8 in the morning, and if he also has an evening round, from 6 to 7 in the evenings. |
6404e2a5-1dcd-4fd7-9b35-7575a231d4b5 | When he assists in the delivery of milk, he usually works from 7 to 8 in the morning, but not in the evening. The hours on a Saturday are longer. Most of the other occupations only entail work on Saturday. Discussions constantly arise as to the effect of these occupations upon the children, and the desirability of entirely prohibiting boys from working outside school hours. Unfortunately all kinds of factors enter into these discussions, economic, physical, and educational. We have nothing to do with the economic aspect the question, except so far as this is reflected in the physical condition of the boy. It may or may not be true, that these boys 80 keep men out of employment. This though, is extremely doubtful. Newspaper delivery is not an occupation which would appeal to men, and it is probable that the newspapers would have to be fetched It is almost certain that a milk roundsman would not engage a man to accompany and assist him in his rounds in the morning and on Saturdays. |
b0634c17-373d-41db-9dbe-4d01d7a57205 | In former reports I have given certain figures which tend to show that the employment is not hurtful to the physical condition of the boys. The money which was earned served to supply extra household commodities, such as food, which more than compensated for any ill effects which may have resulted from the conditions of employment. There are certain exceptional circumstances in which the employment would be detrimental to the boy. One of these exceptional cases arises when for some reason the boy does not get sufficient sleep. An instance of this kind came under my notice in the past year. The boy was engaged to' deliver newspapers morning and evening, and the place of his employer's premises was not very convenient to his home, but the deciding factor in this boy's case was the fact that he had school home work or preparation which took him about an hour and a half every evening. On questioning him it was found that he could not start his school home work until nearly 9 p.m. |
7b6ef903-410e-45fe-b22c-54e76713e28f | As he had to get up soon after 6 in the morning, it was obvious that the boy was not getting sufficient sleep. Usually, these boys who are employed in the morning get more sleep than those who are not. When enquiries are made as to the hours of sleep, it is found that the boys in employment get more sleep than the average non-employed boy of the same age. 81 TABLE SHOWING THE CONTRIBUTION OF ALL CHILDREN EMPLOYED DURING THE PERIOD 1st JANUARY; 1931 to 31st DECEMBER; 1931. SCHOOL. BOYS. GIRLS. John Perryn Acton Wells Central Priory Southfield Roman Catholic Acton County Others Totals Acton Wells Beaumont Park Priory Roman Catholic Totals 1. |
0d748cd7-4c2f-43d1-b957-a9453e1ff1d4 | Registered Occupations:— (a) Carrying of Delivering goods or parcels 1 7 17 64 24 2 3 3 121 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... (b) Delivering Newspapers 1 13 32 58 34 4 9 11 162 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... (c) Delivering Milk 3 5 5 20 14 1 4 2 54 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 2. |
7f2546c0-c377-4411-b991-4bf2af8a7cdd | Employed in other Areas:- (a) Carrying or delivering goods or parcels 1 ...... 2 ...... 12 ...... ...... ...... 15 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... (b) Delivering Newspapers 2 ...... ...... ...... 6 1 ...... ...... 9 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... (c) Delivering Milk 1 ...... 1 ...... 3 ...... ...... ...... 5 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Totals 9 25 57 142 93 8 16 16 366 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Corresponding Figures for 1930 ...... 37 36 206 87 20 ...... 10 396 2 5 4 2 13 82 TABLE SHOWING THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN ATTENDING ACTON SCHOOLS EMPLOYED IN THE VARIOUS REGISTERED OCCUPATIONS AS ON THE 31st DECEMBER, 1931. SCHOOL. |
5abb0255-7f10-450a-9a9b-2cade930f626 | Delivering Goods or Parcels Delivering Newspapers Delivering Milk Totals Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Acton Wells 3 ...... 5 ...... 2 ...... 10 ...... Central 6 ...... 20 ...... 3 ...... 29 ...... Priory 27 ...... 30 ...... 11 ... 68 ...... Southfields 16 ...... 10 ...... 6 ...... 41 ...... Roman Catholic 1 ...... 3 ...... ...... ...... 4 ...... County 2 ..... 4 ...... 4 ...... 10 ...... John Perryn 1 ...... 1 ...... 3 ...... 5 ...... Totals 66 ...... 82 ...... 29 ...... 167 ...... 83 TABLE SHOWING THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN EMPLOYED OUTSIDE SCHOOL HOURS AS ON 31st DECEMBER, 1931. SCHOOL. Registered Occupations. Totals. 12—14 In Acton. In other Districts. Ages. Ages. |
be620aa2-baac-4685-aeb7-f10b946f1b14 | 12—13 13—14 12—13 13—14 John Perryn 3 2 ...... ...... 5 Acton Wells 4 6 1 1 12 Central 12 17 ...... 1 30 Priory 26 42 ...... ...... 68 Turnhara Green R.C. 1 3 ...... 1 5 Southfield 14 27 4 9 54 Others 3 10 ...... ...... 13 County 4 6 ...... ...... 10 Totals 67 113 5 12 197 84 ANNUAL REPORT ON SWIMMING INSTRUCTION EN THE SCHOOLS. SEASON 1931. The swimming season opened on the 4th May and provided for 48 classes per week, 28 for boys and 20 for girls. Of these, 45 classes were held in school hours, whilst one boys' class and two girls' classes were held in periods immediately following morning or afternoon school. |
998a3157-4098-456e-8ef0-e83b4136c2cb | All the instruction was given by the teaching staff of the schools concerned. The time table was somewhat disturbed by the incidence of promotions at the commencement of the school year in August, but certain of the times were re-distributed and provision made for the newly promoted scholars to continue instructions in their new schools for the period from the summer vacation to the closing of the season on the 30th September. As in previous years, one small class of boys is continuing to attend the Baths during the winter months for instruction and practice in life-saving. The Acton Education Committee award certificales to boys and girls who can swim 25 yards down the length of the bath without interruption, pause or rest, and Acton scholars also compete for the certificates of the London Schools Swimming Association as under:— Swimming: 1st class, 100 yards (conditions as for the Acton (certificate.) 2nd class, 50 yards Life Saving: Elementary and Advanced. |
97c34afc-0dd3-4e6d-99a7-9dc461e45a91 | There are in the schools at the present time 723 scholars (393 boys and 330 girls) who can swim, and of these, 315 boys and 205 girls have learned to swim during the 1931 season. The following is a statistical return relating to the season's work:— 85 School Dept. No. of classes p.w. allocated. Total N o. of Attendances, made. Certificates Gained. A.E.C. -L.S.S.A. 1st. 2nd. El. Adv. Acton J.M. boys 1 244 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... girls 1 242 4 2 2 ...... ...... Alton Wells boys 3 1263 17 5 11 ...... ...... girls 3 755 15 6 6 ...... ...... Beaumont Pk. Girls' Snr. 2 765 17 4 13 ...... ...... Jnr. |
f110c6e7-bdd3-4a6a-9274-092ee29765dd | 2 362 7 1 2 ...... ...... Central boys 5 1801 21 20 20 18 17 girls 3 1413 34 8 24 19 12 Derwentwater. boys 1 473 7 2 1 ...... ...... girls 1 471 11 5 9 ...... ...... John Perryn boys 2 687 18 8 9 ...... ...... girls 2 580 7 4 3 ...... ...... Priory Senior - boys 5 2031 35 19 32 ...... ...... girls 2 969 28 12 12 13 4 Rothschild Jnr. boys 2 809 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Berrymede Jnr. boys 2 497 3 2 ...... ...... ...... South Acton Jnr. boys 1 378 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... Berrymede Jnr. |
e6f6acb9-4ec5-413c-a262-6342edca7014 | girls 2 687 6 1 3 12 7 Southfield Snr. boys 4 1367 34 23 23 ...... ...... Southfield Jnr. Mixed boys 1 205 6 3 5 ...... ...... girls 1 330 6 1 3 ...... ...... Turnham Green R.C. boys 1 407 6 2 1 ...... ...... girls 1 210 3 ...... 2 ...... ...... Total 48 16946 285 128 181 62 40 Last year for comparison 47 18174 285 270 251 27 11 VISITS PAID BY THE SCHOOL NURSES. The following Table gives the list of home visits paid by the Nurses during the year. The figures refer to the schools at Which the children attended. |
a7722d5f-907d-420f-a23f-d6cd38932850 | Acton Junior Mixed 248 John Perryn 165 Acton Wells 107 Rothschild 290 Reaumont Park 387 Southfield 601 Berrymede 608 Roman Catholic 22 Central 10 Special School 40 Derwentwater 240 Total 3222 86 EXAMINATIONS OF TEACHERS AND OFFICE STAFF. 26 Candidates were examined during 1931. CONVALESCENT HOMES AND COUNTRY HOLIDAYS. 21 children (of whom 4 were granted free places) were sent to the Middlesex Edward VII Memorial, Hostel, Bexhill. 2 guineas received by the Mayor by kindness of the proprietors of the Savoy Cinema was devoted towards this object. MOTHERCRAFT CLASSES. The schools which sent classes were as follows:— Acton Wells 4 Priory 6 Beaumont Park 5 Turnham Green R.C. |
8fd223dd-f9bb-4ec0-b0ee-fe22338c13e0 | 2 Central 4 John Perryn 2 Total 23 TABLE I. A.—Routine Medical Inspection. Number of Code Group Inspections:- Entrants 1024 Intermediates 859 Leavers 586 Total 2469 Number of other Routine Inspections — B.—Other Inspections. Number of Special Inspections 2588 Number of Re-Inspections 2078 Total 4666 87 table ii. A.Return of Defects found by Medical Inspection in the Year ended 31st December, 1931. Defects or Disease. Routine. Inspections. Special Inspections. No. of Defects. No. of Defects. Requiring Treatment Requiring to be kept under observation, but not requiring Treatment. Requiring Treatment Requiring to be kept under observation, but not requiring Treatment. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.