paragraph_text
stringlengths
1
28.1k
original_url
stringlengths
31
199
original_id
stringlengths
2
8
paragraph_number
int64
1
9.56k
combined_id
stringlengths
64
64
length
int64
1
28.1k
length_tokens
int64
1
9.42k
Cold War frigates of the United Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wrangler%20%28R48%29
8265722
24
bc2db0eae03c757dc5e575568e42df1c6038da0e2b0e45d4076f8a01c100432a
39
8
Type 15 frigates of the South African Navy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wrangler%20%28R48%29
8265722
25
3b10eedeaf7c56d3fbec0970743b2ecc0e8acf1b01ebbc6c6d0a3a6a006310ae
42
11
Vyrstaat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wrangler%20%28R48%29
8265722
26
84051c00581eb101a0c585a353e57af520f1a29a419dfdb71252b8f234bd6409
8
3
Maritime incidents in 1955
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wrangler%20%28R48%29
8265722
27
72c8b9930998400855186171c22639f77169267308141562e902ddf0bd4f7a5f
26
8
Maritime incidents in 1976
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wrangler%20%28R48%29
8265722
28
1f2a410d4e0cfe2493d543aad0aa40526992691ea988b551aa7b0e8aa220acfa
26
8
Ships sunk as targets
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wrangler%20%28R48%29
8265722
29
2b67dff5b3b6d6f07c7f89e0f6b436a114ac8361b806f3414f52d492b73dac8b
21
4
Stéphane Dion won the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada on December 2, 2006.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
1
930ee8c167a0309d735bb9496442380dd7c15a5e17001276a7b149659c5eb6c9
84
24
With the defeat of the Liberal Party in the 2006 federal election, Dion was suggested as a potential leadership candidate for the party. On April 7, 2006, he announced his candidacy at the Montreal Convention Centre at 7:30 am, the day of the official beginning of the race and the candidacy announcement by Michael Igna...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
2
15b85c9b6e5dc240197462a15570991c1cce6aab14e4254be9d9286aed40a19b
326
76
Dion's leadership campaign was referred to as the three-pillar approach. This approach focused on social justice, economic prosperity, and environmental sustainability, and a claim that a combination of these pillars would bring Canada into the 21st century. He said that his campaign would focus on sustainable developm...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
3
eb808800e031527797d1a2bac68ebf2b363674d0298912e3ec92aebfe1bb91c4
667
132
Dion was a lower-key figure in the leadership race, with much of the media and political attention being centered on the race's two most high-profile candidates, Michael Ignatieff and former Ontario New Democratic Party premier Bob Rae. Federal NDP leader Jack Layton described Dion as "A man of principle and convicti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
4
d4ed4b8711963eb348c96492fccdd9287eac44f2080fc43e1526a9c08141549e
737
145
Nevertheless, some analysts argued that Dion had several advantages over other candidates. Dion was able to draw support from the two factions of the party. The Chrétien wing of the party was represented by Chrétien-era Cabinet member Don Boudria, while former John Manley Campaign Chair Herb Metcalfe also signed on to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
5
cd2ed218e48f313aff4ea096fdd20cf3b1ad4046f004ba101a60f21c5cc38802
934
198
As of October 1, 2006, Dion had captured approximately 17% of the delegate spots available for the December leadership convention in Montreal. This resulted in his entering the convention in fourth place behind Ignatieff, Rae and former Ontario Education Minister Gerard Kennedy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
6
00da4811717e2996384e0f95806a977f85cf3fc073c1360afc538fc0553d94d9
279
57
On December 2, 2006 at the Liberal Party leadership convention, he nevertheless managed to leapfrog Kennedy to finish third after the first ballot by two votes, garnering 17.8% compared to 17.7% for Kennedy. On the second ballot he took a 90-vote lead over Kennedy, after which Kennedy withdrew, throwing his support beh...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
7
9107cbf67906b79a00686abb4e99faa91e4e37f0a555e04bc452dbe0b14a9bf2
329
81
On the third ballot he was in first place with 37%, followed by Michael Ignatieff with 34.5%. Rae, with 28.5%—thus eliminated—freed his delegates to vote as they wished. Many threw their support behind Dion, as did former leadership candidates Ken Dryden and Joe Volpe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
8
efbc367f932b6c160e3e2c9858d9dd9c9f6b88efe6a8c0569bca858f07b96076
269
69
On the fourth ballot, Dion captured roughly 54.7% and was declared the new leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
9
3f285ebffdafcf0fce92d3ba645c5fc12ecc586b4a4e2e612beef3aa0c19c38b
113
27
After the election win, Federal NDP leader Jack Layton urged Dion to renounce his dual citizenship with France saying that "I would prefer that a leader of a party hold only Canadian citizenship, because one represents many Canadians, and for me that means that it's better to remain the citizen of one country."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
10
fb59b357dd2ad657443ae01ae53204db1fa9741d8118573dadfdb504c64177c6
312
60
Dion dismissed calls to give up French citizenship.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
11
91d1de651519d56547f3022536a14e445abb73df22bb7ec3daedd9c671ae717e
51
10
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
12
54f04cb49e506f7c9f93be89831f545bf362269626ac5d4319b277a20bd1cce7
10
1
Leaders of the Liberal Party of Canada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Liberal%20leadership%20bid%20by%20St%C3%A9phane%20Dion
8265728
13
181f3f9212a8c66b735d01686861ce3f79f61730c5614bdd77b1e0da3d4fc7cc
38
7
The Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych (SSJK) is a society of traditionalist priests and seminarians originating from the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church which is led by the excommunicated priest Basil Kovpak. It is based in Riasne, Lviv, Western Ukraine. In Lviv, the society maintains a seminary, at which c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
1
052c692a51779f09742d1c86b5bae24073af082298d8b1791a09eb9e6b19ffea
655
145
Seminary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
2
0fd596425a22872db7b27dab72837b8abddc50fa9c118a5bd41eb0c93d20aa08
8
2
The seminary of the SSJK is dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Our Lady and currently is attended by thirty seminarians. The seminary, the society says, is intended to be a modest support in the conversion to Catholicism not only of Ukraine, but of Russia as well. Devotion to Our Lady of Fatima and fidelity to tradit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
3
5a8f5cb3ff04121707bbc1726c78479704db2e67e4da34fbf035ee981598b86a
426
84
Relations with the sui iuris Ukrainian Catholic Church and the Holy See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
4
bbe0b58b29af86b758f3c1078de462ec6c67967bad24e600fdc6bab1b8f6881f
71
13
Opposition to de-Latinization
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
5
4fc2539937911e3dcecee8373d72956843257feffbbfb3018d077730463229ae
29
6
The SSJK rejects the de-Latinization reforms currently being strongly enforced within the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, which is in full communion with Rome. These reforms began with the 1930s corrections of the liturgical books by Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky. According to his biographer Cyril Korolevsky, however...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
6
7845907f323589a418af13b21751136a2522ab5433c04c130e1a6be151e13916
534
106
The de-Latinisation of the UGCC gained further momentum with the 1964 decree Orientalium Ecclesiarum of the Second Vatican Council) and several subsequent documents. This resulted in the Latinisations being discarded within the Ukrainian diaspora. The Soviet occupation of Western Ukraine had meanwhile forced Byzantine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
7
5827a5015cfca4e4c045a02af334f61b34f70fc47aaef490c1aff6e243fcc4aa
590
110
In his memoir Persecuted Tradition, Basil Kovpak has accused the UGCC hierarchy of using intense psychological pressure against priests who are reluctant or unwilling to de-Latinize. He alleges that numerous laity, who have been attached to the Latinizations since the days of the underground, would prefer to stay home ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
8
f9e873598dc9d2beaf3d39f0efb9a9290f44892226b1c2e9954fe3df98c23bd6
372
74
The SSJK for instance opposes the removal of the stations of the cross, the rosary, and the monstrance from the liturgy and parishes of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. In rejecting these reforms, they also reject the right of the Church authorities to make these reforms; thus who controls the formate of liturgy be...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
9
1b590ed1e1f5877534c5cf0a5d124bf6160baf83fafd6d53f6c613cb173eb809
355
69
Critics of the SSJK point out that their liturgical practice favours severely abbreviated services and imported Roman Rite devotions over the traditional and authentic practices and ancient devotions of Eastern Tradition and particularly the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. Proponents counter that these "Latin" symbols...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
10
57dd8a335d6df86568a143fe572677134a75432185adb8d047e8900c612f8016
698
117
The Holy See, however, has argued since before the Second Vatican Council that Latinization was not an organic development. Frequently cited examples of this are Pope Leo XIII's 1894 encyclical Orientalium dignitas and Saint Pius X's instructions that the priests of the Russian Catholic Church should offer the liturgy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
11
440758575809650e73fbb8491d571e89920e03c8f931c990a80969cc3a3197dc
434
95
Church Slavonic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
12
255fec534b43db4671d40b8afd0b54435e0c2891e19755724a3badb3392e10ce
15
3
The SSJK also opposes the abandonment of Church Slavonic, the traditional liturgical language of the Slavic Churches (both Orthodox and Greek-Catholic) in favour of the modern Ukrainian in the Liturgy of the Ukrainian Catholic Church. The society holds that Church Slavonic is essential to stress necessary Catholic unit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
13
9f2a3b225af085587712ae355b93e433ace17ca461ccd2bebcdf820fa6884472
425
77
However, critics claim that the essence of Eastern liturgical practice is to pray in a language which is understood by the people, and that Church Slavonic has ceased to be such a language, becoming a pale imitation of the Western practice of using Latin to promote unity. The Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church has a large...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
14
0462232405a64755b097b65ce3faa3cddccaa257890d7267ef3f522d0edf4969
540
102
Ecumenism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
15
447302b870b95dbf6921360a0ac9a439267d42cdbd77f362724aa8472704dbd6
9
3
The Society of Saint Josaphat condemns ecumenism with the Orthodox currently practised by both the Holy See and the Ukrainian Catholic Church. Instead the society promotes Catholic missionary activities among the Orthodox, who are not in communion with the Holy See. In Persecuted Tradition, Basil Kovpak cites numerous ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
16
10f3ff74f9e89cfc2dacf88f45630ed375c810bcf7d529fcce4935bef96557f3
486
94
Attempted excommunication
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
17
100b070ff640cc96ce86e1aea77a2e545e57b928ee0af739d2e6a267f439c49a
25
4
In 2003, Cardinal Lubomyr Husar excommunicated SSJK superior Kovpak from the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. Kovpak appealed this punishment at the Apostolic Tribunal of the Roman Rota in Vatican City and the excommunication was declared null and void by reason of a lack of canonical form.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
18
45d301600bc68b12b539bd9726d938c5efda30dc488d58241d52dede3ff003f2
291
63
Ordinations in 2006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
19
548be187f74e2599c6a3e040cd85859ed99101aa981dd2196ec37adc977fe341
19
8
On 22 November 2006, Bishop Richard Williamson who was then a member of the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX), ordained two priests and seven deacons in Warsaw, Poland, for the SSJK, in violation of canon 1015 §2, and of canons 1021 and 1331 §2 of the Code of Canon Law, and the corresponding canons of the Code of Canons of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
20
9618d41d4777d0609e1f815c711081e2e6b917960ea34a7af93cd050d963439e
627
158
Archbishop Ihor Vozniak of Lviv (the archdiocese in which Kovpak is incardinated) denounced Williamson's action as a "criminal act" and condemned Kovpak's participation in the ceremony. He stressed that the two priests that Williamson had ordained would not receive faculties within the archeparchy. Officials of the Lvi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
21
1c0873c3041794c8c9142311c86674306fb791f956f764d820ca4efff8b9624b
838
177
Father John Jenkins, a priest of the Society of St. Pius X, said in 2006 that the new archbishop of Lviv declared that his main task for the following year was to eradicate the "Lefebvrists" from his territory.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
22
f5d4f353ec17608501a258e1660f773de1e3cca40b908c855761402284d6362f
210
53
Position of the society
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
23
5095e61f5d1dfd0b291bdfb6dd30ab6a9796952f4ba9fa49867f9a77717c2b7f
23
4
Although the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, with the backing of the Holy See, had thus declared Kovpak excommunicated and the Society of St. Josaphat lacking faculties for a ministry within the Catholic Church, they themselves maintain that, though they are in dispute with Lubomyr and, presumably, with his successor,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
24
efb49a0b160c228b84994cf99ac472b0ada88839f123c5056ec8d83d8917cd30
612
123
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
25
77d574a418a7cc3e6a8034f9122d70341a8ec2b3cc152921b2e6248dee658c3b
10
1
External links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
26
4cc63be0fbc492a9e3598a00d03d2375628611b1e59b7f598f94221fcb0ea7bb
14
2
Official site of Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
27
8b1d8d2dbf4db1bcd90d570f506565a9b5a1ba384a7aa9a210b0bfbb13e3c92a
51
11
Ukrainian Rite: Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat in Lviv, Galicia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
28
f5965d4ac75e186ce08e971b5a4c3d7f1a6adb0c59320ef61d8e0702064ec8e7
67
16
La Porte Latine: Ordinations to the Diaconate of two Ukrainian seminarians
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
29
ad0b524778651bdf275f0bf2a5185f67cefefb77848020b4b117f0489b1c9c77
74
17
Photos: Ordinations to Diaconate and Sacred Priesthood by Bishop Williamson, Warsaw, 2006. (Polish language)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
30
4264f3d412620a287d09b443f9723474da1f67fee6be82ae0a89ff00903208cb
109
30
"Persecuted Tradition", book by Fr. Vasyl Kovpak. Book review and introduction to SSJK. The Catholic - Voice of Catholic Orthodoxy, November 2003.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
31
6ba2f40512ee42ec7be26853d008b8b186565f1c45f643b13da8882dc36342fa
147
40
CWNews: Bishop Vozniak decries Lefebvrite inroads, says these cause "confusion" among faithful
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
32
8fe0831847b4e750b5867d4455487dc6e298eee319ab64a9ad912d789f491196
94
22
Обережно!!! Обман!!! - свячення лефевристів у Варшаві (Ukrainian language)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
33
f07e411a11963497b104b71b0dfacf35321a4c1c3376dfece6095adbd5020572
74
22
Проблема лефевризму знову загострилася у Львівській архиєпархії УГКЦ (Ukrainian language)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
34
8adf0afd2054eb8b71e5e541385ec544e1f0a7f63a5080ee26327099e2f4c995
89
27
Priestly Ordinations of SSJK conferred by Bishop Bernard Fellay in the Roman Rite at Warsaw, October, 2007.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
35
36bdaa1bdd6a032df2e2d249c2bf18fe094b1b5a51d675dd11675fe1f4f34269
108
30
Traditionalist Catholicism in Europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
36
a584e72b2d0188b6eb36eebac593fdb4e600ad8436cbe819a88fdf6baab107b1
36
5
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
37
f7272a18d3b6848481a317c2dac2e7cb5c8cca983548959d8e0e7e1c81d3dce3
31
4
Christian organizations based in Ukraine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
38
e229ebf70c02e8927ba286b05f03060bb72fd214b4d3f7feb14c884077a6d7a5
40
5
Josaphat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
39
b1779e3d41d5b3a890844c9e2dd8f05dbe1938cd41fcae4d05ddc9126ecc40c4
8
3
Society of Saint Pius X
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
40
0f852a3403960b944d0da5d2c41626da0a994c19d4b156654c50de49364a6c35
23
5
History of Eastern Galicia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
41
0a45b609f896372c01df379f20d6feec93617c3d9b192f59def3c67db09c31a5
26
4
Catholic dissident organizations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
42
d9b485af6ae58dcf2d1bf343a27683177529fb2b003a38840934d813a3f57096
32
3
Independent Eastern Catholic Churches
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestly%20Society%20of%20Saint%20Josaphat
8265729
43
22b53549205bb3d9560b5ea7ed647c8c6b6d2f25ed0454aceaef032be950c0e1
37
4
Tim Göbel (born 4 March 1982) is a German sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
1
3d00e6c258d519a492f0179461ab3fc5caa40786b6eeba0961dfaee67576eac0
85
28
He won the silver medal at the 2001 European Junior Championships. In 60 metres he finished sixth at the 2001 World Indoor Championships in Lisbon and seventh at the 2005 European Indoor Athletics Championships in Madrid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
2
8d60c197291c107dbbcd9736533bb8c5e36bd030226dede61927ec8a47d8eb1d
221
52
His personal best time over 100 m is 10.21 seconds, achieved in June 2001 in Stuttgart. This is only 0.01 second behind Sören Schlegel, who occupies the tenth place on the German all-time list.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
3
370c1012d18356b62edcfab9f61d04dcf10fd0f0e9f373bb637b77787738fff3
193
58
Tim Göbel represented the sports team ASV Köln and became German champion in 2001.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
4
51d9dca885b78c194620110abb268c3573ffd24c1bee566a0a786849d793c883
82
21
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
5
731b19fcc5ad50c64027caa3be645c4f8a8d41b731142716a4d8442bd93010b7
10
1
1982 births
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
6
0ec81b42eaca9aa8ea912b109c50473b5e4cea45cf8e0bc3627de6c9f6abdd90
11
5
Living people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
7
66b56cf9e426dffa23120817a30bf75b332ec79e89897403ff1201d7e0374125
13
2
German male sprinters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
8
29e5d2eecc6d1b7d63ea5005c8d2749dc63210b5aad7f23b40baa98772ff0d31
21
4
ASV Köln athletes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20G%C3%B6bel
8265733
9
f928c42d55d09bb8b1ea99499c883943be3691d01f995246232775034f3c2c80
17
4
HMS Wizard was a W-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during World War II.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
1
f80c79f766909b0b4bdff1795faadc7b21bceb83ec02ecac773e2bfd106a9708
98
21
Second World War service
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
2
dbd8207236a3e42f34eec1adf827e47387a8811c135b61df673f1515f40379f6
24
4
In 1942, as part of Warship Week, Wizard was adopted by the Borough of Wood Green in London. The plaque from this adoption is held by the National Museum of the Royal Navy in Portsmouth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
3
3b92f3387345b366b203653d7c8eb689cfb22bc452d30eb9e2094b048dadea1c
186
44
Wizard was initially deployed to the Home Fleet, before joining a mixed destroyer group on 6 May 1944, assigned to screen for aircraft carriers and . These duties continued until 9 June 1944, when she sustained major damage from an explosion of her own depth charges, which caused considerable compartment flooding. The...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
4
eea464fb0bff3966169b4783ef42a6e62d2d36cf25eb8b2c8bbc154c0ca5a5b7
1,047
224
Post War service
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
5
fe2cb94e889c773b310feba1e868b521d31d38a92b8bf85c0a9c8eb7f858b761
16
3
From 1946 until 1951 Wizard served in the Plymouth local flotilla. During 1953 and 1954 she was converted at Devonport Dockyard into a Type 15 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F72.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
6
e0aecbc951a77c320247dd06c18001acb69cb2dfc34697cbf95a886519cbcec4
204
64
In 1956 Wizard was part of the 5th Frigate Squadron and was deployed to the eastern Mediterranean as part of the Royal Navy force which took part in the Suez Crisis. On return to UK in May 1957 the frigate refitted at Chatham before joining the Dartmouth Training Squadron for two years before being deployed in the West...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
7
68a986eae5e6592fbcf59a24a50a57cadaf258acabd831ba3894ba3c34746c4c
459
107
Decommissioning and disposal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
8
d04d33e4c0dab18c31ca25c1f926a24d63d66e1765656528ce64376e03c46b0f
28
5
In 1966 she was paid-off and was reduced to Reserve status. She was then placed on the Disposal List and sold to Thos. W. Ward for demolition on 16 February 1967. Taken in tow to Inverkeithing she arrived at the breaker's yard on 7 March that year.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
9
6eb47ec26bf89b3f832880e83eb8dedbd80a12e83f55b71d919349af54497616
248
69
Commanding officers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
10
fa8b4fb7fef5ee9108ad88b2532825e6fdeb7fe01525adce32ee00cee7c6e73a
19
3
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
11
e939870a07a55d8bdbc1bd00514051df15efc4a8752b7b728db056a9e825161d
10
1
Publications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
12
31fce46352a4b657db8dc83f1a5358030274c995d2a0ef79331d5980bdd6a8c7
12
1
W and Z-class destroyers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
13
df4412a5215917b51f744bcae783c3507a255bb73e95e33aa901333dbf7ae7d5
24
7
1943 ships
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
14
b7a0c80abf8dc52a6bb38a71b81fbf56359d139b5195d78b758b0ce5f4ee7b97
10
5
World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
15
2ce21aadee15c13da51a0872d5100d6e5b6204284510243722fedf9bb4da6060
45
9
Cold War destroyers of the United Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
16
27b8d4f4ba22a18d66835e410b8976a78928d550a98d4d52ebd427ad823f5f22
41
8
Type 15 frigates of the Royal Navy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
17
a20cad48b420e5411280b2e1d2a8652e76b07501c7c4f17f4bb3c75b08efece0
34
10
Cold War frigates of the United Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Wizard%20%28R72%29
8265740
18
9aa9bb615ac81150b14483e626353852d555735bad6f3c5d29cc438a50dc58ac
39
8
Brindabellaspis stensioi ("Erik Stensiö's Brindabella Ranges Shield") is a placoderm with a flat, platypus-like snout from the Early Devonian of the Taemas-Wee Jasper reef in Australia. When it was first discovered in 1980, it was originally regarded as a Weejasperaspid acanthothoracid due to anatomical similarities wi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
1
c4f6573e16f666d2beb89c1325bc70ecd0d5cb1eb7a0632b06c9b36aeeaaf01d
359
90
According to Philippe Janvier, anatomical similarities of B. stensiois brain and braincase with those of jawless fish, such as the Osteostraci and the Galeaspida, strongly suggest that B. stensioi, and also the antiarchs, are basal placoderms closest to the ancestral placoderm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
2
3077e1312064b20279a6e6d80e9b88c4d6bcdc8cb998b0feb5ec9cc217430b26
278
66
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
3
781b573e64c02ac247ad5cf2db679f448c85fb83a9c3ca219183e5da2715109a
10
1
Young, Gavin C. 1980, A new Early Devonian placoderm from New South Wales, Australia, with a discussion of placoderm phylogeny: Palaeontographica 167A pp. 10–76. 2 pl., 27 fig.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
4
29b2a1c0b51023a8073a9f4a59d1dc85e0aa92b62802844b848bf77262de136f
176
62
Janvier, Philippe. Early Vertebrates Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
5
42df5dbefa3f26ff7d87e2d30de4b5163e6b20955d58d29ec1b903feae768300
85
24
Long, John A. The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution' Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
6
771cc83f1e5cfa5f9deb9ee20ec94af4ef12f9c55259ac96e29815beceab3bb3
118
33
External links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
7
071d75b2a9525be84c168090ec4951f6cd00744fdd84cb1892a79f6ad4324fef
14
2
Palaeos article on B. stensioi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
8
7cd17cf7bfb1dbef7b8efcbaefb1b0b92d5ba198b09dc9c8a7fcae271e08696f
30
10
Placoderm genera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
9
8c25f05d66291f940f8fd7e7d5a48e227a32cc48f2cb01c4307a2e10b9466f52
16
4
Early Devonian fish
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
10
c2bfcadffcf7056f9ff6d924b4f1e96e37a628212a702c5e57eceebede510e9c
19
4
Devonian placoderms
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brindabellaspis
8265751
11
6a372881bbf81b2ac82718e5335d4f4835110e8910b7f88aadf279863dd84cfa
19
5