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573404abd058e614000b67cc
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
After WWII criminals were largely prosecuted under CPPCG for their involvement in what massive genocidal effort?
{ "answer_start": [ 298 ], "text": [ "the Holocaust" ] }
573404abd058e614000b67cd
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
Who is notable for coining the term "Holocaust?"
{ "answer_start": [ 533 ], "text": [ "Raphael Lemkin" ] }
5a69b1775ce1a5001a96968a
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
Which treaty in 1948 defined and forbade promulgation?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b1775ce1a5001a96968b
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
What were CPPCG who were tried after World War found guilty of?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b1775ce1a5001a96968c
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
What is an example of a more specific international crime of which one could be accused?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b1775ce1a5001a96968d
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
What massive genocidal effort were criminals largely prosecuted after count 3 for?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b1775ce1a5001a96968e
Genocide
Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were fou...
Who is notable for coining the term "extermination?"
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
573406d84776f41900661731
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
Which court dismissed Nikola Jorgic's appeal against his conviction for genocide by a German court?
{ "answer_start": [ 17 ], "text": [ "European Court of Human Rights" ] }
573406d84776f41900661732
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
In Jorgic v. Germany, what about the German courts was later rejected by international courts hearing similar cases?
{ "answer_start": [ 195 ], "text": [ "wider interpretation of genocide" ] }
573406d84776f41900661733
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
The ECHR noted that among certain academics, what act carried out by the Serbs agains Bosnian Muslims and Croats did not constitute genocide?
{ "answer_start": [ 405 ], "text": [ "ethnic cleansing" ] }
573406d84776f41900661734
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
The ethnic cleansing perpetrated by the Serbs against Bosnia-Herzegovina was conducted with what ultimate goal in mind?
{ "answer_start": [ 519 ], "text": [ "expel Muslims and Croats from their homes" ] }
573406d84776f41900661735
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
Conversely the scholars who did view the Serbs' acts as constituting genocide, were backed up by what Tribunal?
{ "answer_start": [ 712 ], "text": [ "the ICTY" ] }
5a69b2f65ce1a5001a969694
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
Which court dismissed Nikola Jorgic's appeal against his conviction for cleansing by a German court?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b2f65ce1a5001a969695
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
In Jorgic v. Germany, what about the European courts was later rejected by international courts hearing similar cases?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b2f65ce1a5001a969696
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
What act carried about by the ECHR against Bosnian Muslims and Croats did not constitute genocide?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b2f65ce1a5001a969697
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
What Tribunal backed up scholars who have ethnic cleansing?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b2f65ce1a5001a969698
Genocide
On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights when dismissing the appeal by Nikola Jorgić against his conviction for genocide by a German court (Jorgic v. Germany) noted that the German courts wider interpretation of genocide has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases. The ECHR also not...
What was the ultimate goal of the ethnic cleansing perpetuated by the ECHR?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5734087f4776f4190066174d
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
In the 1990s, how many people were indicted for war crimes that were officially defined as genocide?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "About 30" ] }
5734087f4776f4190066174e
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
Convicted perpetrators Popovic and Beara were found guilty of genocide despite what evasive action?
{ "answer_start": [ 140 ], "text": [ "several plea bargains" ] }
5734087f4776f4190066174f
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
Tolimir was found guilty of both genocide and what other charge?
{ "answer_start": [ 383 ], "text": [ "conspiracy to commit genocide" ] }
5734087f4776f41900661750
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
Another charge beyond the act of genocide and for which Krstic and Nikolic were found guilty was what?
{ "answer_start": [ 491 ], "text": [ "aiding and abetting genocide" ] }
5734087f4776f41900661751
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
Three others were charged with participating in genocides in Bosnia by which country's courts?
{ "answer_start": [ 600 ], "text": [ "German courts" ] }
5a69b4505ce1a5001a96969e
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
In the 1990s, how many people were indicted for plea bargins?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b4505ce1a5001a96969f
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
What evasive action did not keep Tolmir from being found guilty?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b4505ce1a5001a9696a0
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
What other charge besides genocide was Beara found guilty of?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b4505ce1a5001a9696a1
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
What was another charge beyond the act for which Popovic was found guilty?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b4505ce1a5001a9696a2
Genocide
About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd...
In which country's courts were three others charged with aiding and abbeting?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
57340aae4776f4190066178f
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
Which former president was by far the most senior politician to be accused of genocidal crimes by the ICTY?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Slobodan Milošević" ] }
57340aae4776f41900661790
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
What event occurred in March 2006 that essentially ended Milosevic's trial?
{ "answer_start": [ 138 ], "text": [ "He died" ] }
57340aae4776f41900661791
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
Had Milosevic not died, what charges might he have been convicted of?
{ "answer_start": [ 204 ], "text": [ "genocide or complicity in genocide" ] }
57340aae4776f41900661792
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
With Milosevic dead, who did the ICTY next charge with crimes of genocide in 1995?
{ "answer_start": [ 380 ], "text": [ "Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić" ] }
57340aae4776f41900661793
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
Where was Karadzic when he was finally arrested?
{ "answer_start": [ 495 ], "text": [ "Belgrade" ] }
5a69b6005ce1a5001a9696a8
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
What event occurred in 1995 that essentially ended Milosevic's trial?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b6005ce1a5001a9696a9
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
Where was Karadzic when he was sentenced?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b6005ce1a5001a9696aa
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
With Milosevic dead, who did Karadzic next charge with grimes of genocide in 1995?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b6005ce1a5001a9696ab
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
Had Karadzic not died, what charges might he have been convicted of?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b6005ce1a5001a9696ac
Genocide
Slobodan Milošević, as the former President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia, was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY. He died on 11 March 2006 during his trial where he was accused of genocide or complicity in genocide in territories within Bosnia and Herzegovina, so no verdict was returned. In 1995...
Which former president was by far the most senior politician to be accused of genocidal crimes by Karadzic?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
57340c46d058e614000b6893
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
What court was established under the aegis of the United Nations to prosecute genocidal crimes in Rwanda?
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)" ] }
57340c46d058e614000b6894
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
The prosecutorial efforts of the ICTR focused on genocidal acts that took place during which time period?
{ "answer_start": [ 206 ], "text": [ "April 1994" ] }
57340c46d058e614000b6895
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
the ICTR was created in November 1995 by which branch of the UN?
{ "answer_start": [ 284 ], "text": [ "the Security Council of the United Nations" ] }
57340c46d058e614000b6896
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
The ICTR was established for the purpose of convicting those responsible for acts of genocide and what other charges?
{ "answer_start": [ 405 ], "text": [ "serious violations of the international law" ] }
57340c46d058e614000b6897
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
The charges of genocide brought up by the ICTR were against what group of people?
{ "answer_start": [ 493 ], "text": [ "Rwandan citizens" ] }
5a69b82e5ce1a5001a9696b2
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
What court was established to prosecute genocidal crimes in the United Nations?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b82e5ce1a5001a9696b3
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
During which time period did the prosecuratorial efforts of Rwanda focus on genocidal acts?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b82e5ce1a5001a9696b4
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
Which branch of the UN created Rwanda in November 1995?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b82e5ce1a5001a9696b5
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
What other charges besides genocide was the ITCR convicted of?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b82e5ce1a5001a9696b6
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N...
What group of people were the charges of genocide brought up against in April 1994?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
57340e5dd058e614000b68b9
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
What has been widely debated as a possible act of genocide in Sudan?
{ "answer_start": [ 49 ], "text": [ "situation in Darfur" ] }
57340e5dd058e614000b68ba
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
In 2003 what well known U.S. Secretary of State declared the situation in Darfur as an act of genocide?
{ "answer_start": [ 206 ], "text": [ "Colin Powell" ] }
57340e5dd058e614000b68bb
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
In front of which committee did Powell testify?
{ "answer_start": [ 259 ], "text": [ "the Senate Foreign Relations Committee" ] }
57340e5dd058e614000b68bc
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in 2004?
{ "answer_start": [ 418 ], "text": [ "an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur" ] }
57340e5dd058e614000b68bd
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
Despite some concessions, what act did the Commission ultimately state that Sudan had not pursued?
{ "answer_start": [ 717 ], "text": [ "genocidal policy" ] }
5a69b9465ce1a5001a9696bc
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
What has been widely debated as a possible act of genocide in the UN?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b9465ce1a5001a9696bd
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
In 2003 what well known U.S. Secretary of State declared the situation in the UN as an act of genocide?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b9465ce1a5001a9696be
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
In front of which committee did Darfur testify?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b9465ce1a5001a9696bf
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in 2005?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69b9465ce1a5001a9696c0
Genocide
There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...
Despite some concessions, what act did the Commission ultimately state that the UN had not pursued?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
57340f5bd058e614000b68cd
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
To whom did the Security Council officially refer the situation in Darfur?
{ "answer_start": [ 85 ], "text": [ "Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court" ] }
57340f5bd058e614000b68ce
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
What was taken into account, without mentioning specific crimes?
{ "answer_start": [ 153 ], "text": [ "the Commission report" ] }
57340f5bd058e614000b68cf
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
China and what other permanent member of the Security Council abstained from the vote on the referral resolution?
{ "answer_start": [ 266 ], "text": [ "the United States" ] }
57340f5bd058e614000b68d0
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
In which number report to the Council did the Prosecutor concede that crimes had been committed but evidence for prosecution was insufficient?
{ "answer_start": [ 353 ], "text": [ "his fourth report" ] }
5a69ba4d5ce1a5001a9696c6
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
To whom did the Security Council officially refer the situation in China?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69ba4d5ce1a5001a9696c7
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
What was taken into account without mentioning specific councils?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69ba4d5ce1a5001a9696c8
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
China and what other permanent member of the Security Council abstained from the vote on crimes?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69ba4d5ce1a5001a9696c9
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
In which number report to the Council did the Prosecutor concede that crimes had been committed but evidence for prosecution was sufficient?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69ba4d5ce1a5001a9696ca
Genocide
In March 2005, the Security Council formally referred the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, taking into account the Commission report but without mentioning any specific crimes. Two permanent members of the Security Council, the United States and China, abstained from the vote o...
When did the Security Council formally refer the situation in Darfur to China?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
573410864776f419006617e5
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
In the build-up to genocide, what have other authors focused on?
{ "answer_start": [ 34 ], "text": [ "structural conditions" ] }
573410864776f419006617e6
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
What processes are thought to create an evolution toward genocide?
{ "answer_start": [ 87 ], "text": [ "psychological and social" ] }
573410864776f419006617e7
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
Who revealed the starting points of this evolution to be economic deterioration and political confusion?
{ "answer_start": [ 164 ], "text": [ "Ervin Staub" ] }
573410864776f419006617e8
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
A history of what is just one factor that contributes to the probability of violence developing into genocide?
{ "answer_start": [ 469 ], "text": [ "devaluation of the group" ] }
573410864776f419006617e9
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
What is one preventive effort in circumventing conditions that lead to genocide?
{ "answer_start": [ 995 ], "text": [ "humanizing a devalued group" ] }
5a69bb695ce1a5001a9696d0
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
In the build-up to genocide, what have other bystanders focused on?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69bb695ce1a5001a9696d1
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
What processees are thought to create an evolution toward conflict?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69bb695ce1a5001a9696d2
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
Who revealed the starting points of this evolution to be genocide?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69bb695ce1a5001a9696d3
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
A history of what is just one factor that contributes to the probability of political systems developing into genocide?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a69bb695ce1a5001a9696d4
Genocide
Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and the psychological and social processes that create an evolution toward genocide. Ervin Staub showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in...
What is one preventive effort in cirumventing conditions that lead to responses?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
57331e2f4776f419006606ea
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
What country is Saint-Barthélemy a collectivity of?
{ "answer_start": [ 232 ], "text": [ "France" ] }
57331e2f4776f419006606eb
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
What is the French abbreviation for Saint-Barthélemy?
{ "answer_start": [ 261 ], "text": [ "Saint-Barth" ] }
57331e2f4776f419006606ec
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
In what language is Saint-Barthélemy abbreviate St. Barts?
{ "answer_start": [ 314 ], "text": [ "English" ] }
57331e2f4776f419006606ed
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
What did the native peoples of Saint-Barthélemy call the island?
{ "answer_start": [ 363 ], "text": [ "Ouanalao" ] }
57331e2f4776f419006606ee
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
In which direction is Puerto Rico from the island of Saint-Barthélemy?
{ "answer_start": [ 515 ], "text": [ "west" ] }
5a3993362f14dd001ac72401
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
How far is St. Kitts from St. Martin?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993362f14dd001ac72402
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
How far is Puerto Rico from St. Kitts?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993362f14dd001ac72403
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
How far is Saint-Barthelemy from France?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993362f14dd001ac72404
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
In what direction is France from St. Barts?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993362f14dd001ac72405
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
What did the indigenous people of Puerto Rico call their island?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
57336480d058e614000b59fe
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
What kind of island is St. Barts?
{ "answer_start": [ 20 ], "text": [ "volcanic" ] }
57336480d058e614000b59ff
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
What is the population of St. Barts?
{ "answer_start": [ 138 ], "text": [ "9,035" ] }
57336480d058e614000b5a00
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
What is the capital of St. Barts?
{ "answer_start": [ 181 ], "text": [ "Gustavia" ] }
57336480d058e614000b5a01
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
What country besides France had colonies on the island for a substantial period of time?
{ "answer_start": [ 304 ], "text": [ "Swedish" ] }
57336480d058e614000b5a02
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
When is the busiest time for tourism in St. Barts?
{ "answer_start": [ 660 ], "text": [ "the winter holiday season" ] }
5a3993fd2f14dd001ac72415
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
In what year did Guadeloupe fall under Swedish rule briefly?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993fd2f14dd001ac72416
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
How many people lived in the Swedish colony?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993fd2f14dd001ac72417
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
How many tourists visit Saint Barthelemy each year?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993fd2f14dd001ac72418
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
How many people lived in Gustavia as of 2011?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
5a3993fd2f14dd001ac72419
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
What was France's national arms?
{ "answer_start": [], "text": [] }
573365634776f419006609cb
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy was for many years a French commune forming part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas region and department of France. Through a referendum in 2003, island residents sought separation from the administrative jurisdiction of Guadeloupe, and it was finally accomplished in 2007. The island of Saint Barthél...
St. Barts was formerly a part of what French commune?
{ "answer_start": [ 69 ], "text": [ "Guadeloupe" ] }
573365634776f419006609cc
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy was for many years a French commune forming part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas region and department of France. Through a referendum in 2003, island residents sought separation from the administrative jurisdiction of Guadeloupe, and it was finally accomplished in 2007. The island of Saint Barthél...
When did the residents of St. Barts file for separation from Guadeloupe?
{ "answer_start": [ 159 ], "text": [ "2003" ] }
573365634776f419006609cd
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy was for many years a French commune forming part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas region and department of France. Through a referendum in 2003, island residents sought separation from the administrative jurisdiction of Guadeloupe, and it was finally accomplished in 2007. The island of Saint Barthél...
When did St. Barts finally received its independence?
{ "answer_start": [ 287 ], "text": [ "2007" ] }
573365634776f419006609ce
Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Saint Barthélemy was for many years a French commune forming part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas region and department of France. Through a referendum in 2003, island residents sought separation from the administrative jurisdiction of Guadeloupe, and it was finally accomplished in 2007. The island of Saint Barthél...
What is the current name of the building in St. Barts that serves as town hall?
{ "answer_start": [ 552 ], "text": [ "Hotel de la Collectivité" ] }