id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9228 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | Which year is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text? | {
"answer_start": [
351
],
"text": [
"835"
]
} |
5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9229 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | In which literature is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text? | {
"answer_start": [
313
],
"text": [
"Uspenski Gospels"
]
} |
5706f38e9e06ca38007e9239 | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | In orthography and typography, what is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case and lower upper case | {
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"letter case"
]
} |
5706f38e9e06ca38007e923a | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | Minuscule is a term uses to describe which case of letter? | {
"answer_start": [
230
],
"text": [
"smaller lower"
]
} |
5706f38e9e06ca38007e923b | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | Capital letters refer to which case of letter? | {
"answer_start": [
109
],
"text": [
"larger upper"
]
} |
5706f38e9e06ca38007e923c | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | Letter case is used to distinction betweem lowercase and uppercase letter in which common representation of certain languages? | {
"answer_start": [
322
],
"text": [
"written"
]
} |
5706f5309e06ca38007e9249 | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | Capitalization in English is universally standardized for which type of writing? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"formal"
]
} |
5706f5309e06ca38007e924a | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | In English the first letter of a sentence is which type of letter? | {
"answer_start": [
364
],
"text": [
"capital"
]
} |
5706f5309e06ca38007e924b | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | What is capitalization commonly use to indicate in poetry independent of any grammatical feature? | {
"answer_start": [
1105
],
"text": [
"beginning of a line of verse"
]
} |
5706f5309e06ca38007e924c | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | How is the first letter of a first-person pronoun handled mid sentence in English? | {
"answer_start": [
647
],
"text": [
"capitalised"
]
} |
5706f5309e06ca38007e924d | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | The interjection "O" has been replaced by which more common and preferred word in English? | {
"answer_start": [
777
],
"text": [
"oh"
]
} |
5706f6a790286e26004fc777 | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Originally alphabets were written entirely in which type of letter? | {
"answer_start": [
46
],
"text": [
"majuscule"
]
} |
5706f6a790286e26004fc778 | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Rounder and simpler forms of letters came from writing quickly with which instrument? | {
"answer_start": [
145
],
"text": [
"pen"
]
} |
5706f6a790286e26004fc779 | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Who developed the Carolingian minuscule script for handwriting? | {
"answer_start": [
449
],
"text": [
"Alcuin"
]
} |
5706f6a790286e26004fc77a | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Carolingian minuscule script quickly spread across which continent? | {
"answer_start": [
521
],
"text": [
"Europe"
]
} |
5706f6a790286e26004fc77b | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | What is a common advantage of miniscule over majuscule handwriting? | {
"answer_start": [
589
],
"text": [
"faster readability"
]
} |
570700329e06ca38007e9297 | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | What is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by conventions of a particular discipline? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Letter case"
]
} |
570700329e06ca38007e9298 | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Which kind of purpose is uppercase reserved for in orthography? | {
"answer_start": [
167
],
"text": [
"special"
]
} |
570700329e06ca38007e9299 | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Which is the most common variant of case in text? | {
"answer_start": [
261
],
"text": [
"lowercase"
]
} |
570700329e06ca38007e929a | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling? | {
"answer_start": [
559
],
"text": [
"upper-case"
]
} |
570700329e06ca38007e929b | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Why are uppercase letters preferred often times when space is restricted? | {
"answer_start": [
589
],
"text": [
"easier to distinguish than lowercase"
]
} |
570702a89e06ca38007e92a9 | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules? | {
"answer_start": [
157
],
"text": [
"generally have the same height"
]
} |
570702a89e06ca38007e92aa | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | In Time New Roman the letter "b" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height? | {
"answer_start": [
394
],
"text": [
"ascenders"
]
} |
570702a89e06ca38007e92ab | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter? | {
"answer_start": [
263
],
"text": [
"lower than the average"
]
} |
570702a89e06ca38007e92ac | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts? | {
"answer_start": [
609
],
"text": [
"8"
]
} |
5707044d90286e26004fc7f3 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | What do most Western languages use in their written form to add clarity? | {
"answer_start": [
137
],
"text": [
"letter cases"
]
} |
5707044d90286e26004fc7f4 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | What are writing systems which make no distinction between majuscales and minuscules often referred to as? | {
"answer_start": [
361
],
"text": [
"unicameral script"
]
} |
5707044d90286e26004fc7f5 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | Which alphabet is a special case because it transitioned from bicameral to unicameral? | {
"answer_start": [
457
],
"text": [
"Georgian"
]
} |
5707044d90286e26004fc7f6 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | What are scripts that utilized two seperate cases called? | {
"answer_start": [
243
],
"text": [
"bicameral"
]
} |
5707066b9e06ca38007e92b1 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD have been to to be written in which hand writing? | {
"answer_start": [
120
],
"text": [
"old Roman cursive"
]
} |
5707066b9e06ca38007e92b2 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Whicy papyrologist theorized lowercase letter actually developed from the fifth century uncials? | {
"answer_start": [
266
],
"text": [
"Knut Kleve"
]
} |
5707066b9e06ca38007e92b3 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Which continents languages with few exceptions generally did not utilize case distinction until about the year 1300? | {
"answer_start": [
730
],
"text": [
"Europe"
]
} |
5707066b9e06ca38007e92b4 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | What was the initial difference between majuscule and minuscule letters? | {
"answer_start": [
545
],
"text": [
"stylistic"
]
} |
5707066b9e06ca38007e92b5 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Which type of document was general unicameral because the writer used one type of writing but not another? | {
"answer_start": [
643
],
"text": [
"handwritten"
]
} |
5707093790286e26004fc835 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | What is capitalization of significant words applied to in the United States besides titles? | {
"answer_start": [
199
],
"text": [
"headings"
]
} |
5707093790286e26004fc836 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | Capitalization of significant words refers to which family of typographic conventions? | {
"answer_start": [
272
],
"text": [
"title case"
]
} |
5707093790286e26004fc837 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | Which book of literature standards suggests capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs? | {
"answer_start": [
297
],
"text": [
"R. M. Ritter's Oxford Manual of Style"
]
} |
5707093790286e26004fc838 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | The use of bold fonts and capilization in titles falls under which unusual grammatical distinction? | {
"answer_start": [
740
],
"text": [
"not universally standardized"
]
} |
57070ba69e06ca38007e9309 | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems? | {
"answer_start": [
171
],
"text": [
"make casing operations an unholy mess"
]
} |
57070ba69e06ca38007e930a | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | What among many common letters is shared between Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic? | {
"answer_start": [
299
],
"text": [
"shapes"
]
} |
57070ba69e06ca38007e930b | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | What would be problematic for a multilingual character set or font to provide? | {
"answer_start": [
622
],
"text": [
"single codepoint"
]
} |
57070ba69e06ca38007e930c | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | What distinguishes Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic from one another? | {
"answer_start": [
1105
],
"text": [
"sets of symbols"
]
} |
57070ba69e06ca38007e930d | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | Although there are challenges a unified European alphabet is feasible even in the absence of which common language rule? | {
"answer_start": [
878
],
"text": [
"letter case"
]
} |
5707070890286e26004fc805 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the 14th century in the northeastern part of the state nomad tribes by the name of Jornado hunted bison along the Rio Grande; they left numerous rock paintings throughout the northeastern part of the state. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. In the s... | What was the name of the nomad tribes that hunted bison? | {
"answer_start": [
90
],
"text": [
"Jornado"
]
} |
5707070890286e26004fc806 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the 14th century in the northeastern part of the state nomad tribes by the name of Jornado hunted bison along the Rio Grande; they left numerous rock paintings throughout the northeastern part of the state. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. In the s... | Along which river did they hunt bison? | {
"answer_start": [
121
],
"text": [
"Rio Grande"
]
} |
5707070890286e26004fc807 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the 14th century in the northeastern part of the state nomad tribes by the name of Jornado hunted bison along the Rio Grande; they left numerous rock paintings throughout the northeastern part of the state. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. In the s... | How did the Chichimeca survive? | {
"answer_start": [
412
],
"text": [
"hunting, gathering, and farming"
]
} |
5707070890286e26004fc808 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the 14th century in the northeastern part of the state nomad tribes by the name of Jornado hunted bison along the Rio Grande; they left numerous rock paintings throughout the northeastern part of the state. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. In the s... | The Chichimeca are the ancestors of what people? | {
"answer_start": [
509
],
"text": [
"Tepehuan"
]
} |
5707070890286e26004fc809 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the 14th century in the northeastern part of the state nomad tribes by the name of Jornado hunted bison along the Rio Grande; they left numerous rock paintings throughout the northeastern part of the state. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. In the s... | The Jornado painted onto what surface? | {
"answer_start": [
152
],
"text": [
"rock"
]
} |
5707083f90286e26004fc821 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | What was the name of the town in which Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla declared independence? | {
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"Dolores"
]
} |
5707083f90286e26004fc822 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | What was the name of the Proclamation? | {
"answer_start": [
237
],
"text": [
"Grito de Dolores"
]
} |
5707083f90286e26004fc823 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | What was Hidalgo's occupation? | {
"answer_start": [
81
],
"text": [
"priest"
]
} |
5707083f90286e26004fc824 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | What was the name of the royalist who captured Hidalgo? | {
"answer_start": [
1057
],
"text": [
"Ignacio Elizondo"
]
} |
5707083f90286e26004fc825 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | Which country had Hidalgo attempted to reach to gain support? | {
"answer_start": [
749
],
"text": [
"United States"
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e3 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who did Santa Anna order the reinstatement as comandante general? | {
"answer_start": [
219
],
"text": [
"Mendarozqueta"
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e4 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | What was the name of the federalist army officer who eventually came into power during the new election? | {
"answer_start": [
502
],
"text": [
"José Urrea"
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e5 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who had actually won the original vote? | {
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"Gutierrez"
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e6 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who was his deputy? | {
"answer_start": [
104
],
"text": [
"P. J. Escalante"
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e7 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who refused to yield until troops were summoned? | {
"answer_start": [
356
],
"text": [
"Escalante"
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f5 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | What was the name of the treaty that ended the war? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo"
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f6 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | In which year was the treaty signed? | {
"answer_start": [
55
],
"text": [
"1848"
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f7 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | Control over which current U.S. state was given to the U.S. under this treaty? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"Texas"
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f8 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | How long did the U.S. continue to maintain control over the state capital after the treaty? | {
"answer_start": [
1362
],
"text": [
"three months"
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f9 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | Which American general misunderstood the Mexican message sent to Sacramento Pass? | {
"answer_start": [
802
],
"text": [
"General Price"
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc845 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Which countries owned Mexican debt? | {
"answer_start": [
109
],
"text": [
"Spain, England, and France"
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc847 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Who was the Foreign Affairs Minister? | {
"answer_start": [
622
],
"text": [
"Manuel Doblado"
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc846 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Who was the President of Mexico at the time? | {
"answer_start": [
155
],
"text": [
"President Juárez"
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc848 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Who convinced the English to accept the terms of the pact? | {
"answer_start": [
715
],
"text": [
"General Juan Prim of Spain"
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc849 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Which country refused to accept? | {
"answer_start": [
129
],
"text": [
"France"
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc84f | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | Who was deeply dissatisfied with Bazaine's decision to abandon Chihuahua? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Maximilian"
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc850 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | How many men did Billaut have when he recaptured the city? | {
"answer_start": [
221
],
"text": [
"500"
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc851 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | At its zenith, the imperialist forces controlled all but how many states in Mexico? | {
"answer_start": [
435
],
"text": [
"four"
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc852 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | Which four states opposed the French? | {
"answer_start": [
524
],
"text": [
"Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California"
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc853 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | In which year did Billaut capture Chihuahua? | {
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"1865"
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9323 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | In which year did Benito Juarez die? | {
"answer_start": [
50
],
"text": [
"1872"
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9324 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | The two candidates were heroes of what battle? | {
"answer_start": [
284
],
"text": [
"Battle of Puebla"
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9325 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | Which plan defended the "No Re-election" principle? | {
"answer_start": [
539
],
"text": [
"The Plan of Tuxtepec"
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9326 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | Which party rebelled against the administration? | {
"answer_start": [
1322
],
"text": [
"Lerdista party"
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9327 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | Which city was occupied by the Lerdista forces? | {
"answer_start": [
1451
],
"text": [
"El Paso del Norte"
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934b | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | Which year did Orozco revolt? | {
"answer_start": [
9
],
"text": [
"1912"
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934c | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | Who notified Huerta the revolt had been put down? | {
"answer_start": [
304
],
"text": [
"Villa"
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934d | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | Who saved Villa's life? | {
"answer_start": [
523
],
"text": [
"Raúl Madero"
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934e | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | With whom did Orozco side? | {
"answer_start": [
764
],
"text": [
"Huerta"
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9353 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | Which state has more forests than Chihuahua? | {
"answer_start": [
158
],
"text": [
"Durango"
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9354 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | The state of Chihuahua is primarily identified with what type of landscape? | {
"answer_start": [
63
],
"text": [
"Desert"
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9355 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | The Copper Canyon is deeper than what popular American canyon? | {
"answer_start": [
578
],
"text": [
"Grand Canyon"
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9356 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | Along which two valleys do most inhabitants of Chihuahua live? | {
"answer_start": [
857
],
"text": [
"Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley"
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9357 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | The Sierra Madre Occidentals are an extension of which American mountain range? | {
"answer_start": [
397
],
"text": [
"Rocky Mountains"
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc86d | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | Which city did Villa raid? | {
"answer_start": [
87
],
"text": [
"Columbus, New Mexico"
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc86e | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | Which American president pursued Villa? | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"President Wilson"
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc86f | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | How long did the American troops pursue Villa? | {
"answer_start": [
284
],
"text": [
"nearly a year"
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc871 | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | In which city was Villa killed? | {
"answer_start": [
772
],
"text": [
"Parral"
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc870 | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | In which year was Villa assassinated? | {
"answer_start": [
648
],
"text": [
"1923"
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9365 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Along which mountain range does the Cave of Windows lie? | {
"answer_start": [
165
],
"text": [
"Sierra Madre"
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9366 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Cuarenta Casas is thought to be a branch of which settlement? | {
"answer_start": [
333
],
"text": [
"Paquime"
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9367 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Where did the Paquime seek refuge? | {
"answer_start": [
534
],
"text": [
"Sierra Madre Occidental"
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9368 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Which current native tribes are thought to be descendants of the Casas Grandes? | {
"answer_start": [
700
],
"text": [
"Yaqui, Mayo, Opata, and Tarahumara"
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc889 | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | Which precious metal did Biezma discover? | {
"answer_start": [
69
],
"text": [
"silver"
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88a | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | How many years was Parral an important economic and cultural center? | {
"answer_start": [
212
],
"text": [
"300 years"
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88b | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | In which year did Sante Fe inhabitants return home from seeking refuge? | {
"answer_start": [
855
],
"text": [
"1692"
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88c | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | Which new state capital was founded in 1709? | {
"answer_start": [
975
],
"text": [
"Chihuahua City"
]
} |
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