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570a5ec86d058f1900182dce
Beer
Around the world, there are many traditional and ancient starch-based drinks classed as beer. In Africa, there are various ethnic beers made from sorghum or millet, such as Oshikundu in Namibia and Tella in Ethiopia. Kyrgyzstan also has a beer made from millet; it is a low alcohol, somewhat porridge-like drink called "...
What type of starch is used to make the beer Oshikundu?
{ "answer_start": [ 146 ], "text": [ "sorghum or millet" ] }
570a5ec86d058f1900182dcf
Beer
Around the world, there are many traditional and ancient starch-based drinks classed as beer. In Africa, there are various ethnic beers made from sorghum or millet, such as Oshikundu in Namibia and Tella in Ethiopia. Kyrgyzstan also has a beer made from millet; it is a low alcohol, somewhat porridge-like drink called "...
In what country is the beer Oshikundu produced?
{ "answer_start": [ 186 ], "text": [ "Namibia" ] }
570a5ec86d058f1900182dd0
Beer
Around the world, there are many traditional and ancient starch-based drinks classed as beer. In Africa, there are various ethnic beers made from sorghum or millet, such as Oshikundu in Namibia and Tella in Ethiopia. Kyrgyzstan also has a beer made from millet; it is a low alcohol, somewhat porridge-like drink called "...
In what country is the beer Tella produced?
{ "answer_start": [ 207 ], "text": [ "Ethiopia" ] }
570a5ec86d058f1900182dd1
Beer
Around the world, there are many traditional and ancient starch-based drinks classed as beer. In Africa, there are various ethnic beers made from sorghum or millet, such as Oshikundu in Namibia and Tella in Ethiopia. Kyrgyzstan also has a beer made from millet; it is a low alcohol, somewhat porridge-like drink called "...
What is the name of the millet based porridge like beer made in Kyrgystan?
{ "answer_start": [ 320 ], "text": [ "Bozo" ] }
570a5ec86d058f1900182dd2
Beer
Around the world, there are many traditional and ancient starch-based drinks classed as beer. In Africa, there are various ethnic beers made from sorghum or millet, such as Oshikundu in Namibia and Tella in Ethiopia. Kyrgyzstan also has a beer made from millet; it is a low alcohol, somewhat porridge-like drink called "...
What is a beer-like beverage in China that is made with rice?
{ "answer_start": [ 501 ], "text": [ "Choujiu" ] }
570a63f04103511400d596b6
Beer
The earliest known chemical evidence of barley beer dates to circa 3500–3100 BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. Some of the earliest Sumerian writings contain references to beer; examples include a prayer to the goddess Ninkasi, known as "The Hymn to Ninkasi", which served as both a...
When does evidence show the earliest known barley beer was produced?
{ "answer_start": [ 61 ], "text": [ "circa 3500–3100 BC" ] }
570a63f04103511400d596b7
Beer
The earliest known chemical evidence of barley beer dates to circa 3500–3100 BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. Some of the earliest Sumerian writings contain references to beer; examples include a prayer to the goddess Ninkasi, known as "The Hymn to Ninkasi", which served as both a...
In what country was the earliest chemical evidence of barley beer found?
{ "answer_start": [ 143 ], "text": [ "Iran" ] }
570a63f04103511400d596b8
Beer
The earliest known chemical evidence of barley beer dates to circa 3500–3100 BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. Some of the earliest Sumerian writings contain references to beer; examples include a prayer to the goddess Ninkasi, known as "The Hymn to Ninkasi", which served as both a...
What country are the Zargos Mountains located in?
{ "answer_start": [ 143 ], "text": [ "Iran" ] }
570a63f04103511400d596b9
Beer
The earliest known chemical evidence of barley beer dates to circa 3500–3100 BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. Some of the earliest Sumerian writings contain references to beer; examples include a prayer to the goddess Ninkasi, known as "The Hymn to Ninkasi", which served as both a...
What year were the elbow tablet first discovered?
{ "answer_start": [ 658 ], "text": [ "1974" ] }
570a63f04103511400d596ba
Beer
The earliest known chemical evidence of barley beer dates to circa 3500–3100 BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. Some of the earliest Sumerian writings contain references to beer; examples include a prayer to the goddess Ninkasi, known as "The Hymn to Ninkasi", which served as both a...
What ingredient is used for amylotytic fermentation in sake?
{ "answer_start": [ 820 ], "text": [ "mould" ] }
570a65964103511400d596ca
Beer
The sweet wort collected from sparging is put into a kettle, or "copper" (so called because these vessels were traditionally made from copper), and boiled, usually for about one hour. During boiling, water in the wort evaporates, but the sugars and other components of the wort remain; this allows more efficient use of ...
What is a kettle called that is used to boil sweet wort after sparging?
{ "answer_start": [ 65 ], "text": [ "copper" ] }
570a65964103511400d596cb
Beer
The sweet wort collected from sparging is put into a kettle, or "copper" (so called because these vessels were traditionally made from copper), and boiled, usually for about one hour. During boiling, water in the wort evaporates, but the sugars and other components of the wort remain; this allows more efficient use of ...
How long is sweet wort boiled for after sparging?
{ "answer_start": [ 168 ], "text": [ "about one hour" ] }
570a65964103511400d596cc
Beer
The sweet wort collected from sparging is put into a kettle, or "copper" (so called because these vessels were traditionally made from copper), and boiled, usually for about one hour. During boiling, water in the wort evaporates, but the sugars and other components of the wort remain; this allows more efficient use of ...
What does boiling sweet wort destroy?
{ "answer_start": [ 388 ], "text": [ "enzymes" ] }
570a65964103511400d596cd
Beer
The sweet wort collected from sparging is put into a kettle, or "copper" (so called because these vessels were traditionally made from copper), and boiled, usually for about one hour. During boiling, water in the wort evaporates, but the sugars and other components of the wort remain; this allows more efficient use of ...
What affect do hops have in brewing when they brew for a long time?
{ "answer_start": [ 605 ], "text": [ "bitterness" ] }
570a66e66d058f1900182e14
Beer
The starch source in a beer provides the fermentable material and is a key determinant of the strength and flavour of the beer. The most common starch source used in beer is malted grain. Grain is malted by soaking it in water, allowing it to begin germination, and then drying the partially germinated grain in a kiln. ...
What is generally used as starch in most beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 174 ], "text": [ "malted grain" ] }
570a66e66d058f1900182e15
Beer
The starch source in a beer provides the fermentable material and is a key determinant of the strength and flavour of the beer. The most common starch source used in beer is malted grain. Grain is malted by soaking it in water, allowing it to begin germination, and then drying the partially germinated grain in a kiln. ...
How does grain become malted?
{ "answer_start": [ 204 ], "text": [ "by soaking it in water" ] }
570a66e66d058f1900182e16
Beer
The starch source in a beer provides the fermentable material and is a key determinant of the strength and flavour of the beer. The most common starch source used in beer is malted grain. Grain is malted by soaking it in water, allowing it to begin germination, and then drying the partially germinated grain in a kiln. ...
What kind of container is partially germinated grain dried in?
{ "answer_start": [ 312 ], "text": [ "a kiln" ] }
570a66e66d058f1900182e17
Beer
The starch source in a beer provides the fermentable material and is a key determinant of the strength and flavour of the beer. The most common starch source used in beer is malted grain. Grain is malted by soaking it in water, allowing it to begin germination, and then drying the partially germinated grain in a kiln. ...
What happens to grain when it is soaked in water?
{ "answer_start": [ 249 ], "text": [ "germination" ] }
570a66e66d058f1900182e18
Beer
The starch source in a beer provides the fermentable material and is a key determinant of the strength and flavour of the beer. The most common starch source used in beer is malted grain. Grain is malted by soaking it in water, allowing it to begin germination, and then drying the partially germinated grain in a kiln. ...
What does a grains starch become after an is malted?
{ "answer_start": [ 391 ], "text": [ "fermentable sugars" ] }
570a681e4103511400d596dc
Beer
The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. More than 133 billion litres (35 billion gallons) are sold per year—producing total global revenues of $294.5 billion (£147.7 billion) in...
How many liters of beer are bought and sold every year?
{ "answer_start": [ 183 ], "text": [ "More than 133 billion" ] }
570a681e4103511400d596dd
Beer
The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. More than 133 billion litres (35 billion gallons) are sold per year—producing total global revenues of $294.5 billion (£147.7 billion) in...
How much revenue did beer bring in in 2006?
{ "answer_start": [ 286 ], "text": [ "$294.5 billion" ] }
570a681e4103511400d596de
Beer
The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. More than 133 billion litres (35 billion gallons) are sold per year—producing total global revenues of $294.5 billion (£147.7 billion) in...
What year was the brewing Company SABMiller founded?
{ "answer_start": [ 436 ], "text": [ "2002" ] }
570a681e4103511400d596df
Beer
The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. More than 133 billion litres (35 billion gallons) are sold per year—producing total global revenues of $294.5 billion (£147.7 billion) in...
What company acquired the Anheuser-Busch brewing Company in 2008?
{ "answer_start": [ 924 ], "text": [ "InBev" ] }
570a681e4103511400d596e0
Beer
The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. More than 133 billion litres (35 billion gallons) are sold per year—producing total global revenues of $294.5 billion (£147.7 billion) in...
What was the largest brewing company in the world in 2015?
{ "answer_start": [ 1096 ], "text": [ "AB InBev" ] }
570a69376d058f1900182e30
Beer
Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are f...
What does abv stand for?
{ "answer_start": [ 30 ], "text": [ "alcohol by volume" ] }
570a69376d058f1900182e31
Beer
Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are f...
What process can cause beer to have a 55% abv?
{ "answer_start": [ 184 ], "text": [ "freeze-distilling" ] }
570a69376d058f1900182e32
Beer
Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are f...
What is the typical alcohol content of a pale logger?
{ "answer_start": [ 382 ], "text": [ "5%" ] }
570a69376d058f1900182e33
Beer
Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are f...
What type of low alcohol beer is sometimes served in school?
{ "answer_start": [ 504 ], "text": [ "table beer" ] }
570a69376d058f1900182e34
Beer
Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are f...
What percentage of alcohol by volume does beer achieve when it is re-pitched with champagne yeast?
{ "answer_start": [ 114 ], "text": [ "around 20%" ] }
570a6a056d058f1900182e3a
Beer
In many societies, beer is the most popular alcoholic drink. Various social traditions and activities are associated with beer drinking, such as playing cards, darts, or other pub games; attending beer festivals; engaging in zythology (the study of beer); visiting a series of pubs in one evening; visiting breweries; be...
What is the term used for the study of beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 225 ], "text": [ "zythology" ] }
570a6a056d058f1900182e3b
Beer
In many societies, beer is the most popular alcoholic drink. Various social traditions and activities are associated with beer drinking, such as playing cards, darts, or other pub games; attending beer festivals; engaging in zythology (the study of beer); visiting a series of pubs in one evening; visiting breweries; be...
What is a professional called at a restaurant who advises customers about beer and food pairs?
{ "answer_start": [ 453 ], "text": [ "beer sommelier" ] }
570a6a056d058f1900182e3c
Beer
In many societies, beer is the most popular alcoholic drink. Various social traditions and activities are associated with beer drinking, such as playing cards, darts, or other pub games; attending beer festivals; engaging in zythology (the study of beer); visiting a series of pubs in one evening; visiting breweries; be...
What is a popular drinking game where beer is often considered?
{ "answer_start": [ 381 ], "text": [ "beer pong" ] }
570a6a056d058f1900182e3d
Beer
In many societies, beer is the most popular alcoholic drink. Various social traditions and activities are associated with beer drinking, such as playing cards, darts, or other pub games; attending beer festivals; engaging in zythology (the study of beer); visiting a series of pubs in one evening; visiting breweries; be...
What is the most popular alcoholic drink in most societies?
{ "answer_start": [ 19 ], "text": [ "beer" ] }
570a6bdc6d058f1900182e42
Beer
Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ...
What is most popular alcoholic drink in the world?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Beer" ] }
570a6bdc6d058f1900182e43
Beer
Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ...
What is believed to be the oldest alcoholic drinking the world?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Beer" ] }
570a6bdc6d058f1900182e44
Beer
Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ...
What is the term used to describe the making beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 181 ], "text": [ "brewing" ] }
570a6bdc6d058f1900182e45
Beer
Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ...
What brewing process naturally carbonates beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 526 ], "text": [ "fermentation" ] }
570a6bdc6d058f1900182e46
Beer
Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ...
What prayer did people use in Mesopotamia to remember a beer recipe?
{ "answer_start": [ 832 ], "text": [ "The Hymn to Ninkasi" ] }
570a6d794103511400d596e6
Beer
Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, num...
What year were hops first believed to be added to beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 494 ], "text": [ "822" ] }
570a6d794103511400d596e7
Beer
Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, num...
On what continent were hops first added to beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 480 ], "text": [ "Europe" ] }
570a6d794103511400d596e8
Beer
Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, num...
What was a Carolingian Abbot credited for adding to beer in 822?
{ "answer_start": [ 425 ], "text": [ "hops" ] }
570a6d794103511400d596e9
Beer
Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, num...
Who was believed to have added hops to beer in 1067?
{ "answer_start": [ 542 ], "text": [ "Abbess Hildegard" ] }
570a6d794103511400d596ea
Beer
Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, num...
Where did Abbess Hildegard live?
{ "answer_start": [ 562 ], "text": [ "Bingen" ] }
570a701a4103511400d59702
Beer
The word ale comes from Old English ealu (plural ealoþ), in turn from Proto-Germanic *alu (plural *aluþ), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *h₂elut-, which holds connotations of "sorcery, magic, possession, intoxication". The word beer comes from Old English bēor, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą, probably from Pr...
What is the origin of the word ale?
{ "answer_start": [ 24 ], "text": [ "Old English ealu" ] }
570a701a4103511400d59703
Beer
The word ale comes from Old English ealu (plural ealoþ), in turn from Proto-Germanic *alu (plural *aluþ), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *h₂elut-, which holds connotations of "sorcery, magic, possession, intoxication". The word beer comes from Old English bēor, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą, probably from Pr...
What is the origin of the word beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 258 ], "text": [ "Old English bēor" ] }
570a701a4103511400d59704
Beer
The word ale comes from Old English ealu (plural ealoþ), in turn from Proto-Germanic *alu (plural *aluþ), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *h₂elut-, which holds connotations of "sorcery, magic, possession, intoxication". The word beer comes from Old English bēor, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą, probably from Pr...
What word means to drink in Latin?
{ "answer_start": [ 494 ], "text": [ "bibere" ] }
570a701a4103511400d59705
Beer
The word ale comes from Old English ealu (plural ealoþ), in turn from Proto-Germanic *alu (plural *aluþ), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *h₂elut-, which holds connotations of "sorcery, magic, possession, intoxication". The word beer comes from Old English bēor, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą, probably from Pr...
What 12th century poet once wrote "Ale it is called among men, but among the gods, beer."?
{ "answer_start": [ 625 ], "text": [ "Alvíssmál" ] }
570a718e4103511400d5971c
Beer
The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the ...
How much alcohol is contained in the beer Vetter 33?
{ "answer_start": [ 92 ], "text": [ "10.5%" ] }
570a718e4103511400d5971d
Beer
The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the ...
What was the strongest beer in 1994 according to the Guinness Book of World Records?
{ "answer_start": [ 79 ], "text": [ "Vetter 33" ] }
570a718e4103511400d5971e
Beer
The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the ...
What brewing company produced the beer Millennium?
{ "answer_start": [ 480 ], "text": [ "Samuel Adams" ] }
570a718e4103511400d5971f
Beer
The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the ...
What year did the brewing company BrewDog start producing a beer called Ghost Deer?
{ "answer_start": [ 690 ], "text": [ "2011" ] }
570a718e4103511400d59720
Beer
The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the ...
What do brewing companies sometimes use to give more alcohol content to their beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 415 ], "text": [ "champagne yeasts" ] }
570a76684103511400d59738
Beer
Draught beer's environmental impact can be 68% lower than bottled beer due to packaging differences. A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds). Th...
What beer is better for the environment than bottled beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Draught beer's" ] }
570a76684103511400d59739
Beer
Draught beer's environmental impact can be 68% lower than bottled beer due to packaging differences. A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds). Th...
How many pounds of CO2 emissions are attributed to just one sixpack of microbrew?
{ "answer_start": [ 305 ], "text": [ "6.6" ] }
570a76684103511400d5973a
Beer
Draught beer's environmental impact can be 68% lower than bottled beer due to packaging differences. A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds). Th...
What type of container can be used to transport draft beer, and is better for the environment that a bottle?
{ "answer_start": [ 610 ], "text": [ "a refillable jug" ] }
570a76684103511400d5973b
Beer
Draught beer's environmental impact can be 68% lower than bottled beer due to packaging differences. A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds). Th...
How much habitat is damaged from just one sixpack of microbrew?
{ "answer_start": [ 410 ], "text": [ "2.5 square meters" ] }
570a76684103511400d5973c
Beer
Draught beer's environmental impact can be 68% lower than bottled beer due to packaging differences. A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds). Th...
How many square feet is 2.5 square meters?
{ "answer_start": [ 429 ], "text": [ "26" ] }
570a77f96d058f1900182e84
Beer
Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. Chilling beer makes it more refreshing, though below 15.5 °C the chilling starts to reduce taste awareness and reduces it significantly below 10 °C (50 °F...
What technology support the drinking of chilled beer?
{ "answer_start": [ 52 ], "text": [ "artificial refrigeration" ] }
570a77f96d058f1900182e85
Beer
Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. Chilling beer makes it more refreshing, though below 15.5 °C the chilling starts to reduce taste awareness and reduces it significantly below 10 °C (50 °F...
At what cool temperature is a beers flavor reduced?
{ "answer_start": [ 213 ], "text": [ "below 15.5 °C" ] }
570a77f96d058f1900182e86
Beer
Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. Chilling beer makes it more refreshing, though below 15.5 °C the chilling starts to reduce taste awareness and reduces it significantly below 10 °C (50 °F...
When is a beer at its most flavorful?
{ "answer_start": [ 335 ], "text": [ "unchilled" ] }
570a77f96d058f1900182e87
Beer
Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. Chilling beer makes it more refreshing, though below 15.5 °C the chilling starts to reduce taste awareness and reduces it significantly below 10 °C (50 °F...
What country is the organisation Cask Marque located?
{ "answer_start": [ 438 ], "text": [ "UK" ] }
570a77f96d058f1900182e88
Beer
Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. Chilling beer makes it more refreshing, though below 15.5 °C the chilling starts to reduce taste awareness and reduces it significantly below 10 °C (50 °F...
In what decade did drinking chilled pale lager become popular?
{ "answer_start": [ 84 ], "text": [ "the 1870s" ] }
570a78f94103511400d5974c
Beer
The main active ingredient of beer is alcohol, and therefore, the health effects of alcohol apply to beer. Consumption of small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a decreased risk of cardiac disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus. The long term health effects of contin...
What is beers primary active ingredient?
{ "answer_start": [ 38 ], "text": [ "alcohol" ] }
570a78f94103511400d5974d
Beer
The main active ingredient of beer is alcohol, and therefore, the health effects of alcohol apply to beer. Consumption of small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a decreased risk of cardiac disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus. The long term health effects of contin...
What disease can be caused by heavy alcohol consumption?
{ "answer_start": [ 410 ], "text": [ "alcoholic liver disease" ] }
570a78f94103511400d59750
Beer
The main active ingredient of beer is alcohol, and therefore, the health effects of alcohol apply to beer. Consumption of small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a decreased risk of cardiac disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus. The long term health effects of contin...
How many years are removed from an alcoholic's life expectancy?
{ "answer_start": [ 576 ], "text": [ "around ten" ] }
570a78f94103511400d5974f
Beer
The main active ingredient of beer is alcohol, and therefore, the health effects of alcohol apply to beer. Consumption of small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a decreased risk of cardiac disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus. The long term health effects of contin...
What is the third leading cause of premature dying in the US?
{ "answer_start": [ 594 ], "text": [ "Alcohol" ] }
570a78f94103511400d5974e
Beer
The main active ingredient of beer is alcohol, and therefore, the health effects of alcohol apply to beer. Consumption of small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a decreased risk of cardiac disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus. The long term health effects of contin...
How many deaths are believed to have been caused by alcohol?
{ "answer_start": [ 446 ], "text": [ "3.3 million" ] }
570a7c686d058f1900182e98
Beer
A study published in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013 revealed the finding that the flavour of beer alone could provoke dopamine activity in the brain of the male participants, who wanted to drink more as a result. The 49 men in the study were subject to positron emission tomography scans, while a computer-c...
What hormone can be triggered by the flavor of beer alone in males?
{ "answer_start": [ 131 ], "text": [ "dopamine" ] }
570a7c686d058f1900182e99
Beer
A study published in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013 revealed the finding that the flavour of beer alone could provoke dopamine activity in the brain of the male participants, who wanted to drink more as a result. The 49 men in the study were subject to positron emission tomography scans, while a computer-c...
What year did the Neuropsychopharmacology journal publist a study about the effect on the brain of beers flavor?
{ "answer_start": [ 60 ], "text": [ "2013" ] }
570a7c686d058f1900182e9a
Beer
A study published in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013 revealed the finding that the flavour of beer alone could provoke dopamine activity in the brain of the male participants, who wanted to drink more as a result. The 49 men in the study were subject to positron emission tomography scans, while a computer-c...
What taste could significantly impact a man's desire to drink?
{ "answer_start": [ 472 ], "text": [ "beer" ] }
570a7c686d058f1900182e9b
Beer
A study published in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013 revealed the finding that the flavour of beer alone could provoke dopamine activity in the brain of the male participants, who wanted to drink more as a result. The 49 men in the study were subject to positron emission tomography scans, while a computer-c...
How many men were studied for tests on the flavor of beer in the Neuropsychopharmacology journal in 2013?
{ "answer_start": [ 230 ], "text": [ "49" ] }
57099760200fba14003681bf
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The biggest change in this year's census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded a...
What word was dropped as a racial classification in this year's census?
{ "answer_start": [ 121 ], "text": [ "Mulatto" ] }
57099760200fba14003681c0
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The biggest change in this year's census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded a...
What were people that had black and white ancestor classified as in this census?
{ "answer_start": [ 323 ], "text": [ "Negro" ] }
57099760200fba14003681c1
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The biggest change in this year's census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded a...
How were people with both black and American Indian ancestry recorded in this census?
{ "answer_start": [ 474 ], "text": [ "Neg" ] }
57099760200fba14003681c2
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The biggest change in this year's census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded a...
What is it called when a mixed race person in recorded as negro in this census, even if only a fraction of their ancestry is black?
{ "answer_start": [ 376 ], "text": [ "one-drop rule" ] }
57099760200fba14003681c3
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The biggest change in this year's census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded a...
Which parent was the deciding factor for how interracial persons were recorded in this census?
{ "answer_start": [ 985 ], "text": [ "their father" ] }
57099bc1ed30961900e84370
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race was asked differently in the Census 2000 in several other ways than previously. Most significantly, respondents were given the option of selecting one or more race categories to indicate racial identities. Data show that nearly seven million Americans identified as members of two or more races. Because of these ch...
In what year were census respondents first able to select more than one race?
{ "answer_start": [ 41 ], "text": [ "2000" ] }
57099bc1ed30961900e84371
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race was asked differently in the Census 2000 in several other ways than previously. Most significantly, respondents were given the option of selecting one or more race categories to indicate racial identities. Data show that nearly seven million Americans identified as members of two or more races. Because of these ch...
How many American reported being of more than one race in the Census 2000?
{ "answer_start": [ 226 ], "text": [ "nearly seven million" ] }
57099bc1ed30961900e84373
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race was asked differently in the Census 2000 in several other ways than previously. Most significantly, respondents were given the option of selecting one or more race categories to indicate racial identities. Data show that nearly seven million Americans identified as members of two or more races. Because of these ch...
How many race categories were respondents able to select in the Census 2000?
{ "answer_start": [ 152 ], "text": [ "one or more" ] }
57099bc1ed30961900e84372
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race was asked differently in the Census 2000 in several other ways than previously. Most significantly, respondents were given the option of selecting one or more race categories to indicate racial identities. Data show that nearly seven million Americans identified as members of two or more races. Because of these ch...
What year was the last census before the Census 2000?
{ "answer_start": [ 403 ], "text": [ "1990" ] }
57099f19200fba14003681e7
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In September 1997, during the process of revision of racial categories previously declared by OMB directive no. 15, the American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommended that OMB combine the "race" and "ethnicity" categories into one question to appear as "race/ethnicity" for the 2000 US Census. The Interagency Co...
What organization recommended that race and ethnicity categories be combined into one question for the 2000 US census?
{ "answer_start": [ 116 ], "text": [ "the American Anthropological Association" ] }
57099f19200fba14003681e8
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In September 1997, during the process of revision of racial categories previously declared by OMB directive no. 15, the American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommended that OMB combine the "race" and "ethnicity" categories into one question to appear as "race/ethnicity" for the 2000 US Census. The Interagency Co...
In what year are or racial categories first revised for the 2000 U.S. Census?
{ "answer_start": [ 13 ], "text": [ "1997" ] }
57099f19200fba14003681e9
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In September 1997, during the process of revision of racial categories previously declared by OMB directive no. 15, the American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommended that OMB combine the "race" and "ethnicity" categories into one question to appear as "race/ethnicity" for the 2000 US Census. The Interagency Co...
Prior to 1997, where were racial categories declared for the U.S. Census?
{ "answer_start": [ 94 ], "text": [ "OMB directive no. 15" ] }
57099f19200fba14003681ea
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In September 1997, during the process of revision of racial categories previously declared by OMB directive no. 15, the American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommended that OMB combine the "race" and "ethnicity" categories into one question to appear as "race/ethnicity" for the 2000 US Census. The Interagency Co...
How did racial categories appear in the US 2000 census?
{ "answer_start": [ 262 ], "text": [ "race/ethnicity" ] }
5709a0c3ed30961900e84392
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country." OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the U.S. Census as not "scientific or anthropological" and takes i...
Who defines the concept of race in the United States Census?
{ "answer_start": [ 206 ], "text": [ "OMB" ] }
5709a0c3ed30961900e84393
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country." OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the U.S. Census as not "scientific or anthropological" and takes i...
What do the race categories in the US Census include in addition to race?
{ "answer_start": [ 541 ], "text": [ "national-origin" ] }
5709a0c3ed30961900e84394
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country." OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the U.S. Census as not "scientific or anthropological" and takes i...
In addition to social and cultural characteristics, what else is taken into account for race classification in the US census?
{ "answer_start": [ 380 ], "text": [ "ancestry" ] }
5709a209ed30961900e84398
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, ...
How many ethnic categories are there in the US census?
{ "answer_start": [ 227 ], "text": [ "two" ] }
5709a209ed30961900e84399
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, ...
In addition to Hispanic and Latino, what other ethnic category is included in the United States Census?
{ "answer_start": [ 286 ], "text": [ "Not Hispanic or Latino" ] }
5709a209ed30961900e8439a
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, ...
What association criticized the separation of race and ethnicity in the UScensus?
{ "answer_start": [ 422 ], "text": [ "the American Anthropological Association" ] }
5709a209ed30961900e8439b
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, ...
Members of what commission criticized the separation of race and ethnic city on the US Census?
{ "answer_start": [ 478 ], "text": [ "U.S. Commission on Civil Rights" ] }
5709a209ed30961900e8439c
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, ...
In ethnic classification for the U.S. Census, What option do respondents have other than not Hispanic or Latino?
{ "answer_start": [ 261 ], "text": [ "Hispanic or Latino" ] }
5709a3e9ed30961900e843a8
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decis...
What country did President Frankiln Roosevelt have a good neighbor policy for in hopes of a better relationship?
{ "answer_start": [ 100 ], "text": [ "Mexico" ] }
5709a3e9ed30961900e843a9
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decis...
In what year did a federal judge say that three immigrants from Mexico were not eligible to be citizens because of their race?
{ "answer_start": [ 111 ], "text": [ "1935" ] }
5709a3e9ed30961900e843aa
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decis...
What US President wanted to treat Hispanic people as white by the federal government?
{ "answer_start": [ 279 ], "text": [ "Roosevelt" ] }
5709a3e9ed30961900e843ab
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decis...
People of what descent were classified as white by the federal government at the suggestion of President Roosevelt?
{ "answer_start": [ 534 ], "text": [ "Mexican" ] }
5709a3e9ed30961900e843ac
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decis...
In 1935, what race was a person required to be to become a United States citizen?
{ "answer_start": [ 222 ], "text": [ "white" ] }
5709a704ed30961900e843c6
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In 1997, OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the Federal Government. The development of the data standards ste...
Who decided on the standards for the classification of race and ethnicity and federal data?
{ "answer_start": [ 9 ], "text": [ "OMB" ] }
5709a704ed30961900e843c7
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In 1997, OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the Federal Government. The development of the data standards ste...
In what year did OMB revise the standards for race and ethnicity classifications?
{ "answer_start": [ 3 ], "text": [ "1997" ] }
5709a704ed30961900e843c8
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
In 1997, OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the Federal Government. The development of the data standards ste...
What did OMB hope to provide with their revision on race and ethnicity in 1997?
{ "answer_start": [ 206 ], "text": [ "consistent data" ] }