id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
570e0f250dc6ce1900204dac | Antarctica | In 2002 the Antarctic Peninsula's Larsen-B ice shelf collapsed. Between 28 February and 8 March 2008, about 570 km2 (220 sq mi) of ice from the Wilkins Ice Shelf on the southwest part of the peninsula collapsed, putting the remaining 15,000 km2 (5,800 sq mi) of the ice shelf at risk. The ice was being held back by a "t... | What Antarctic ice shelf collapsed in 2008? | {
"answer_start": [
144
],
"text": [
"Wilkins Ice Shelf"
]
} |
570e0f250dc6ce1900204dae | Antarctica | In 2002 the Antarctic Peninsula's Larsen-B ice shelf collapsed. Between 28 February and 8 March 2008, about 570 km2 (220 sq mi) of ice from the Wilkins Ice Shelf on the southwest part of the peninsula collapsed, putting the remaining 15,000 km2 (5,800 sq mi) of the ice shelf at risk. The ice was being held back by a "t... | How large was the ice chunk that melted and refroze? | {
"answer_start": [
543
],
"text": [
"California"
]
} |
570e0f250dc6ce1900204dad | Antarctica | In 2002 the Antarctic Peninsula's Larsen-B ice shelf collapsed. Between 28 February and 8 March 2008, about 570 km2 (220 sq mi) of ice from the Wilkins Ice Shelf on the southwest part of the peninsula collapsed, putting the remaining 15,000 km2 (5,800 sq mi) of the ice shelf at risk. The ice was being held back by a "t... | When did the most widespread melting of ice occur? | {
"answer_start": [
495
],
"text": [
"2005"
]
} |
570e0f250dc6ce1900204daf | Antarctica | In 2002 the Antarctic Peninsula's Larsen-B ice shelf collapsed. Between 28 February and 8 March 2008, about 570 km2 (220 sq mi) of ice from the Wilkins Ice Shelf on the southwest part of the peninsula collapsed, putting the remaining 15,000 km2 (5,800 sq mi) of the ice shelf at risk. The ice was being held back by a "t... | How high could the temperatures have risen to cause the melting? | {
"answer_start": [
644
],
"text": [
"5 °C"
]
} |
570e10d20b85d914000d7c9b | Antarctica | Antarctica has no indigenous population and there is no evidence that it was seen by humans until the 19th century. However, belief in the existence of a Terra Australis—a vast continent in the far south of the globe to "balance" the northern lands of Europe, Asia and North Africa—had existed since the times of Ptolemy... | When was the first time humans visited Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
102
],
"text": [
"19th century"
]
} |
570e10d20b85d914000d7c9c | Antarctica | Antarctica has no indigenous population and there is no evidence that it was seen by humans until the 19th century. However, belief in the existence of a Terra Australis—a vast continent in the far south of the globe to "balance" the northern lands of Europe, Asia and North Africa—had existed since the times of Ptolemy... | What was Antarctica presumed to be by the ancient thinkers? | {
"answer_start": [
221
],
"text": [
"balance"
]
} |
570e10d20b85d914000d7c9d | Antarctica | Antarctica has no indigenous population and there is no evidence that it was seen by humans until the 19th century. However, belief in the existence of a Terra Australis—a vast continent in the far south of the globe to "balance" the northern lands of Europe, Asia and North Africa—had existed since the times of Ptolemy... | What did Ptolemy suggest that a southern land mass would do to preserve? | {
"answer_start": [
378
],
"text": [
"symmetry"
]
} |
570e10d20b85d914000d7c9e | Antarctica | Antarctica has no indigenous population and there is no evidence that it was seen by humans until the 19th century. However, belief in the existence of a Terra Australis—a vast continent in the far south of the globe to "balance" the northern lands of Europe, Asia and North Africa—had existed since the times of Ptolemy... | Of what did early explores think Australia and South America were part? | {
"answer_start": [
544
],
"text": [
"Antarctica"
]
} |
570e10d20b85d914000d7c9f | Antarctica | Antarctica has no indigenous population and there is no evidence that it was seen by humans until the 19th century. However, belief in the existence of a Terra Australis—a vast continent in the far south of the globe to "balance" the northern lands of Europe, Asia and North Africa—had existed since the times of Ptolemy... | Early geographers thought that Antarctica was what in size? | {
"answer_start": [
606
],
"text": [
"larger"
]
} |
570e11f30dc6ce1900204db5 | Antarctica | About 98% of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, a sheet of ice averaging at least 1.6 km (1.0 mi) thick. The continent has about 90% of the world's ice (and thereby about 70% of the world's fresh water). If all of this ice were melted, sea levels would rise about 60 m (200 ft). In most of the interior of... | How much of Antarctica is covered by ice? | {
"answer_start": [
6
],
"text": [
"98%"
]
} |
570e11f30dc6ce1900204db7 | Antarctica | About 98% of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, a sheet of ice averaging at least 1.6 km (1.0 mi) thick. The continent has about 90% of the world's ice (and thereby about 70% of the world's fresh water). If all of this ice were melted, sea levels would rise about 60 m (200 ft). In most of the interior of... | How much of Earth's ice is in Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
144
],
"text": [
"90%"
]
} |
570e11f30dc6ce1900204db6 | Antarctica | About 98% of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, a sheet of ice averaging at least 1.6 km (1.0 mi) thick. The continent has about 90% of the world's ice (and thereby about 70% of the world's fresh water). If all of this ice were melted, sea levels would rise about 60 m (200 ft). In most of the interior of... | How thick is the ice that covers Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
97
],
"text": [
"1.6 km"
]
} |
570e11f30dc6ce1900204db8 | Antarctica | About 98% of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, a sheet of ice averaging at least 1.6 km (1.0 mi) thick. The continent has about 90% of the world's ice (and thereby about 70% of the world's fresh water). If all of this ice were melted, sea levels would rise about 60 m (200 ft). In most of the interior of... | How much of the Earth's fresh water is held in Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
186
],
"text": [
"70%"
]
} |
570e11f30dc6ce1900204db9 | Antarctica | About 98% of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, a sheet of ice averaging at least 1.6 km (1.0 mi) thick. The continent has about 90% of the world's ice (and thereby about 70% of the world's fresh water). If all of this ice were melted, sea levels would rise about 60 m (200 ft). In most of the interior of... | What is the amount of precipitation per year in the interior of Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
371
],
"text": [
"20 mm"
]
} |
570e13df0b85d914000d7ca5 | Antarctica | There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life. The frozen surface of the lake shares similarities with Jupiter's moon, Europa. If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the po... | What lake is thought to contain microbial life? | {
"answer_start": [
110
],
"text": [
"Lake Vostok"
]
} |
570e13df0b85d914000d7ca6 | Antarctica | There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life. The frozen surface of the lake shares similarities with Jupiter's moon, Europa. If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the po... | To what does the frozen surface of Lake Vostok resemble? | {
"answer_start": [
231
],
"text": [
"Europa"
]
} |
570e13df0b85d914000d7ca7 | Antarctica | There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life. The frozen surface of the lake shares similarities with Jupiter's moon, Europa. If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the po... | With what is Europa associated?? | {
"answer_start": [
215
],
"text": [
"Jupiter's moon"
]
} |
570e13df0b85d914000d7ca8 | Antarctica | There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life. The frozen surface of the lake shares similarities with Jupiter's moon, Europa. If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the po... | When did NASA go on an expedition to Lake Untersee? | {
"answer_start": [
352
],
"text": [
"7 February 2008"
]
} |
570e13df0b85d914000d7ca9 | Antarctica | There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life. The frozen surface of the lake shares similarities with Jupiter's moon, Europa. If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the po... | For what was NASA searching? | {
"answer_start": [
435
],
"text": [
"extremophiles"
]
} |
570e152a0b85d914000d7caf | Antarctica | Africa separated from Antarctica in the Jurassic, around 160 Ma, followed by the Indian subcontinent in the early Cretaceous (about 125 Ma). By the end of the Cretaceous, about 66 Ma, Antarctica (then connected to Australia) still had a subtropical climate and flora, complete with a marsupial fauna. In the Eocene epoch... | In what period did Africa beak off from Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"Jurassic"
]
} |
570e152a0b85d914000d7cb0 | Antarctica | Africa separated from Antarctica in the Jurassic, around 160 Ma, followed by the Indian subcontinent in the early Cretaceous (about 125 Ma). By the end of the Cretaceous, about 66 Ma, Antarctica (then connected to Australia) still had a subtropical climate and flora, complete with a marsupial fauna. In the Eocene epoch... | When was Antarctica still joined to Australia? | {
"answer_start": [
148
],
"text": [
"end of the Cretaceous"
]
} |
570e152a0b85d914000d7cb1 | Antarctica | Africa separated from Antarctica in the Jurassic, around 160 Ma, followed by the Indian subcontinent in the early Cretaceous (about 125 Ma). By the end of the Cretaceous, about 66 Ma, Antarctica (then connected to Australia) still had a subtropical climate and flora, complete with a marsupial fauna. In the Eocene epoch... | What type of climate did Antarctica have in the Cretaceous period? | {
"answer_start": [
237
],
"text": [
"subtropical"
]
} |
570e152a0b85d914000d7cb2 | Antarctica | Africa separated from Antarctica in the Jurassic, around 160 Ma, followed by the Indian subcontinent in the early Cretaceous (about 125 Ma). By the end of the Cretaceous, about 66 Ma, Antarctica (then connected to Australia) still had a subtropical climate and flora, complete with a marsupial fauna. In the Eocene epoch... | When did Australia separate from Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
308
],
"text": [
"Eocene epoch"
]
} |
570e152a0b85d914000d7cb3 | Antarctica | Africa separated from Antarctica in the Jurassic, around 160 Ma, followed by the Indian subcontinent in the early Cretaceous (about 125 Ma). By the end of the Cretaceous, about 66 Ma, Antarctica (then connected to Australia) still had a subtropical climate and flora, complete with a marsupial fauna. In the Eocene epoch... | After the division from Australia, what began to appear? | {
"answer_start": [
466
],
"text": [
"ice"
]
} |
570e16ea0b85d914000d7cb9 | Antarctica | Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prev... | Which of the the poles is colder? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Antarctica"
]
} |
570e16ea0b85d914000d7cba | Antarctica | Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prev... | How high is the continent of Antarctica above sea level? | {
"answer_start": [
98
],
"text": [
"3,000 m"
]
} |
570e16ea0b85d914000d7cbb | Antarctica | Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prev... | How does the Arctic Ocean warm the Arctic? | {
"answer_start": [
270
],
"text": [
"warmth is transferred"
]
} |
570e16ea0b85d914000d7cbc | Antarctica | Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prev... | What contributes to the Antarctic cold? | {
"answer_start": [
649
],
"text": [
"orbital distance"
]
} |
570e16ea0b85d914000d7cbd | Antarctica | Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prev... | What does temperature do with elevation? | {
"answer_start": [
150
],
"text": [
"decreases"
]
} |
570e18430b85d914000d7cc3 | Antarctica | Emilio Marcos Palma was the first person born south of the 60th parallel south (the continental limit according to the Antarctic Treaty), as well as the first one born on the Antarctic mainland, in 1978 at Base Esperanza, on the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; his parents were sent there along with seven other families... | Who was the first person born south of the 60th parallel? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Emilio Marcos Palma"
]
} |
570e18430b85d914000d7cc4 | Antarctica | Emilio Marcos Palma was the first person born south of the 60th parallel south (the continental limit according to the Antarctic Treaty), as well as the first one born on the Antarctic mainland, in 1978 at Base Esperanza, on the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; his parents were sent there along with seven other families... | Where is the continental limit of Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"60th parallel south"
]
} |
570e18430b85d914000d7cc5 | Antarctica | Emilio Marcos Palma was the first person born south of the 60th parallel south (the continental limit according to the Antarctic Treaty), as well as the first one born on the Antarctic mainland, in 1978 at Base Esperanza, on the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; his parents were sent there along with seven other families... | When was Palma born? | {
"answer_start": [
198
],
"text": [
"1978"
]
} |
570e18430b85d914000d7cc6 | Antarctica | Emilio Marcos Palma was the first person born south of the 60th parallel south (the continental limit according to the Antarctic Treaty), as well as the first one born on the Antarctic mainland, in 1978 at Base Esperanza, on the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; his parents were sent there along with seven other families... | What was the Palma family sent to Antarctica to determine? | {
"answer_start": [
383
],
"text": [
"suitable for family life"
]
} |
570e1a2a0dc6ce1900204dbf | Antarctica | About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo D... | How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
6
],
"text": [
"1150"
]
} |
570e1a2a0dc6ce1900204dc1 | Antarctica | About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo D... | What type of fungi help shape rock formations in Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"cryptoendoliths"
]
} |
570e1a2a0dc6ce1900204dc0 | Antarctica | About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo D... | How many of the extant fungi in Antarctica are lichen-forming? | {
"answer_start": [
110
],
"text": [
"400"
]
} |
570e1a2a0dc6ce1900204dc2 | Antarctica | About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo D... | What has the study of fungi in Antarctica shown about these organisms? | {
"answer_start": [
818
],
"text": [
"adaptations"
]
} |
570e1a2a0dc6ce1900204dc3 | Antarctica | About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo D... | How is it postulated that Mars life might have evolved? | {
"answer_start": [
960
],
"text": [
"similar to Antarctic"
]
} |
570e1bd10b85d914000d7ccd | Antarctica | The Argentine, British and Chilean claims all overlap, and have caused friction. On 18 December 2012, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office named a previously unnamed area Queen Elizabeth Land in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. On 22 December 2012, the UK ambassador to Argentina, John Freeman, wa... | What did the British claim in 2012? | {
"answer_start": [
178
],
"text": [
"Queen Elizabeth Land"
]
} |
570e1bd10b85d914000d7cce | Antarctica | The Argentine, British and Chilean claims all overlap, and have caused friction. On 18 December 2012, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office named a previously unnamed area Queen Elizabeth Land in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. On 22 December 2012, the UK ambassador to Argentina, John Freeman, wa... | To what was the claim of land in tribute? | {
"answer_start": [
219
],
"text": [
"Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee"
]
} |
570e1bd10b85d914000d7ccf | Antarctica | The Argentine, British and Chilean claims all overlap, and have caused friction. On 18 December 2012, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office named a previously unnamed area Queen Elizabeth Land in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. On 22 December 2012, the UK ambassador to Argentina, John Freeman, wa... | What was the response of the Argentine response to the British land claim? | {
"answer_start": [
362
],
"text": [
"protest"
]
} |
570e1bd10b85d914000d7cd1 | Antarctica | The Argentine, British and Chilean claims all overlap, and have caused friction. On 18 December 2012, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office named a previously unnamed area Queen Elizabeth Land in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. On 22 December 2012, the UK ambassador to Argentina, John Freeman, wa... | When did the British claim Queen Elizabeth Land in Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
84
],
"text": [
"18 December 2012"
]
} |
570e1bd10b85d914000d7cd0 | Antarctica | The Argentine, British and Chilean claims all overlap, and have caused friction. On 18 December 2012, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office named a previously unnamed area Queen Elizabeth Land in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. On 22 December 2012, the UK ambassador to Argentina, John Freeman, wa... | Of what war was 2012 the anniversary? | {
"answer_start": [
557
],
"text": [
"Falklands War"
]
} |
570e1d420b85d914000d7cd7 | Antarctica | There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their ... | The entry of whom has caused some worry about the welfare of Antarctica? | {
"answer_start": [
115
],
"text": [
"visitors"
]
} |
570e1d420b85d914000d7cd8 | Antarctica | There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their ... | What do environmentalists want enacted? | {
"answer_start": [
184
],
"text": [
"stricter regulations"
]
} |
570e1d420b85d914000d7cd9 | Antarctica | There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their ... | What kind of tourist limit has been asked for by environmentalists? | {
"answer_start": [
221
],
"text": [
"tourism quota"
]
} |
570e1d420b85d914000d7cda | Antarctica | There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their ... | What have the authorities produced in response to these requests? | {
"answer_start": [
391
],
"text": [
"site use guidelines"
]
} |
570e1d420b85d914000d7cdb | Antarctica | There has been some concern over the potential adverse environmental and ecosystem effects caused by the influx of visitors. Some environmentalists and scientists have made a call for stricter regulations for ships and a tourism quota. The primary response by Antarctic Treaty Parties has been to develop, through their ... | When did an Air New Zealand crash on Mount Erebus? | {
"answer_start": [
652
],
"text": [
"1979"
]
} |
570e1f340dc6ce1900204dc9 | Antarctica | Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the hi... | What group of scientists study tectonics? | {
"answer_start": [
120
],
"text": [
"Geologists"
]
} |
570e1f340dc6ce1900204dcb | Antarctica | Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the hi... | Who is interested in the effects of harsh environment on humans? | {
"answer_start": [
397
],
"text": [
"Biologists"
]
} |
570e1f340dc6ce1900204dca | Antarctica | Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the hi... | Which science is concerned with the study of the dynamics of ice? | {
"answer_start": [
254
],
"text": [
"Glaciologists"
]
} |
570e1f340dc6ce1900204dcc | Antarctica | Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the hi... | What kind of observations use the high elevations and thin atmosphere for viewing space? | {
"answer_start": [
851
],
"text": [
"astronomical"
]
} |
570e1f340dc6ce1900204dcd | Antarctica | Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the hi... | Where is the largest neutrino telescope on Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
1347
],
"text": [
"Amundsen–Scott station."
]
} |
570c2b046b8089140040fba4 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the... | Who were Mary's parents? | {
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"Saint Joachim and Saint Anne"
]
} |
570c2b046b8089140040fba5 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the... | How old was Mary when she was consecrated as a virgin? | {
"answer_start": [
268
],
"text": [
"three years old"
]
} |
570c2b046b8089140040fba6 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the... | Who was Mary betrothed to? | {
"answer_start": [
434
],
"text": [
"Joseph"
]
} |
570c2b046b8089140040fba7 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the... | When she was betrothed to Joseph, approximately how old was Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
451
],
"text": [
"12–14 years old"
]
} |
570c2b046b8089140040fba8 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the... | Where was Mary consecrated as a virgin? | {
"answer_start": [
231
],
"text": [
"the Temple in Jerusalem"
]
} |
570c3da6ec8fbc190045be08 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jeru... | Which angel appeared to Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"Gabriel"
]
} |
570c3da6ec8fbc190045be09 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jeru... | What happened to Mary's body at death? | {
"answer_start": [
419
],
"text": [
"assumed directly into Heaven"
]
} |
570c3da6ec8fbc190045be0a | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jeru... | What did Gabriel announce to Mary at the Annunciation? | {
"answer_start": [
129
],
"text": [
"her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus"
]
} |
570c3da6ec8fbc190045be0b | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jeru... | How was Mary related to Jesus? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"mother of Jesus"
]
} |
570c3da6ec8fbc190045be0c | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jeru... | Which goespel begins its story of Mary with the Annunciation? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Gospel of Luke"
]
} |
570c3f1dec8fbc190045be1c | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The doctrines of the Assumption or Dormition of Mary relate to her death and bodily assumption to Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church has dogmaically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. Whether the Virgin Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, ... | When was the Assumption dogmatically define by the Catholic Church? | {
"answer_start": [
206
],
"text": [
"1950"
]
} |
570c3f1dec8fbc190045be1d | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The doctrines of the Assumption or Dormition of Mary relate to her death and bodily assumption to Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church has dogmaically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. Whether the Virgin Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, ... | In which papal document was the dogma of the Assumption defined? | {
"answer_start": [
231
],
"text": [
"Munificentissimus Deus"
]
} |
570c3f1dec8fbc190045be1e | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The doctrines of the Assumption or Dormition of Mary relate to her death and bodily assumption to Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church has dogmaically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. Whether the Virgin Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, ... | Which pope authored Munifentissimus Deus? | {
"answer_start": [
214
],
"text": [
"Pope Pius XII"
]
} |
570c3f1dec8fbc190045be1f | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The doctrines of the Assumption or Dormition of Mary relate to her death and bodily assumption to Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church has dogmaically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. Whether the Virgin Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, ... | Other than the Roman Catholic Church, which church holds the doctrine of the Assumption to be true? | {
"answer_start": [
414
],
"text": [
"Eastern Orthodox Church"
]
} |
570c3f1dec8fbc190045be20 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The doctrines of the Assumption or Dormition of Mary relate to her death and bodily assumption to Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church has dogmaically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. Whether the Virgin Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, ... | What is another name for the Assumption of Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
35
],
"text": [
"Dormition"
]
} |
570c4097ec8fbc190045be30 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | After Mary continued in the "blood of her purifying" another 33 days for a total of 40 days, she brought her burnt offering and sin offering to the Temple in Jerusalem,[Luke 2:22] so the priest could make atonement for her sins, being cleansed from her blood.[Leviticus 12:1-8] They also presented Jesus – "As it is wri... | How long in total was the "blood of her purifying" for Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
84
],
"text": [
"40 days"
]
} |
570c4097ec8fbc190045be31 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | After Mary continued in the "blood of her purifying" another 33 days for a total of 40 days, she brought her burnt offering and sin offering to the Temple in Jerusalem,[Luke 2:22] so the priest could make atonement for her sins, being cleansed from her blood.[Leviticus 12:1-8] They also presented Jesus – "As it is wri... | Where did Mary bring a burnt offering and sin offering? | {
"answer_start": [
144
],
"text": [
"the Temple in Jerusalem"
]
} |
570c4097ec8fbc190045be32 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | After Mary continued in the "blood of her purifying" another 33 days for a total of 40 days, she brought her burnt offering and sin offering to the Temple in Jerusalem,[Luke 2:22] so the priest could make atonement for her sins, being cleansed from her blood.[Leviticus 12:1-8] They also presented Jesus – "As it is wri... | Who was presented at the Temple in Jerusalem? | {
"answer_start": [
298
],
"text": [
"Jesus"
]
} |
570c4097ec8fbc190045be33 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | After Mary continued in the "blood of her purifying" another 33 days for a total of 40 days, she brought her burnt offering and sin offering to the Temple in Jerusalem,[Luke 2:22] so the priest could make atonement for her sins, being cleansed from her blood.[Leviticus 12:1-8] They also presented Jesus – "As it is wri... | Who prophesized in Luke 2:25-38? | {
"answer_start": [
465
],
"text": [
"Simeon and the prophetess Anna in"
]
} |
570c4097ec8fbc190045be34 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | After Mary continued in the "blood of her purifying" another 33 days for a total of 40 days, she brought her burnt offering and sin offering to the Temple in Jerusalem,[Luke 2:22] so the priest could make atonement for her sins, being cleansed from her blood.[Leviticus 12:1-8] They also presented Jesus – "As it is wri... | To which Galilean city did Joseph and Mary take Jesus? | {
"answer_start": [
596
],
"text": [
"Nazareth"
]
} |
570c4160ec8fbc190045be3a | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the writer of Luke, Mary was a relative of Elizabeth, wife of the priest Zechariah of the priestly division of Abijah, who was herself part of the lineage of Aaron and so of the tribe of Levi.[Luke 1:5;1:36] Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider ... | What was Zechariah's occupation? | {
"answer_start": [
79
],
"text": [
"priest"
]
} |
570c4160ec8fbc190045be3b | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the writer of Luke, Mary was a relative of Elizabeth, wife of the priest Zechariah of the priestly division of Abijah, who was herself part of the lineage of Aaron and so of the tribe of Levi.[Luke 1:5;1:36] Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider ... | Which tribe did Elizabeth belong to? | {
"answer_start": [
200
],
"text": [
"Levi"
]
} |
570c4160ec8fbc190045be3c | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the writer of Luke, Mary was a relative of Elizabeth, wife of the priest Zechariah of the priestly division of Abijah, who was herself part of the lineage of Aaron and so of the tribe of Levi.[Luke 1:5;1:36] Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider ... | Who was Aaron's wife? | {
"answer_start": [
671
],
"text": [
"Elisheba"
]
} |
570c4160ec8fbc190045be3d | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the writer of Luke, Mary was a relative of Elizabeth, wife of the priest Zechariah of the priestly division of Abijah, who was herself part of the lineage of Aaron and so of the tribe of Levi.[Luke 1:5;1:36] Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider ... | Which tribe did Elisheba belong to? | {
"answer_start": [
700
],
"text": [
"Judah"
]
} |
570c4160ec8fbc190045be3e | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | According to the writer of Luke, Mary was a relative of Elizabeth, wife of the priest Zechariah of the priestly division of Abijah, who was herself part of the lineage of Aaron and so of the tribe of Levi.[Luke 1:5;1:36] Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider ... | Who was the third son of David and Bathsheba? | {
"answer_start": [
484
],
"text": [
"Nathan"
]
} |
570c42fdb3d812140066d05d | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40. T... | Name the two women present with Mary at the Crucifixion of Jesus? | {
"answer_start": [
154
],
"text": [
"Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene"
]
} |
570c42fdb3d812140066d05e | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40. T... | In art, what is the name for the motif of Mary cradling the body of Jesus? | {
"answer_start": [
483
],
"text": [
"pietà"
]
} |
570c42fdb3d812140066d05f | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40. T... | In Matthew, who else besides Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene are with Mary at the Crucifixion? | {
"answer_start": [
287
],
"text": [
"Salome"
]
} |
570c42fdb3d812140066d060 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40. T... | What does pieta mean? | {
"answer_start": [
494
],
"text": [
"pity"
]
} |
570c42fdb3d812140066d061 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40. T... | What is a representation of Mary at the Crucifixion called? | {
"answer_start": [
349
],
"text": [
"a Stabat Mater"
]
} |
570c46c0b3d812140066d067 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The adoption of the mother of Jesus as a virtual goddess may represent a reintroduction of aspects of the worship of Isis. "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. These parallels have led many scholars to suggest that there ... | Which Egyptian goddess do some scholars ascribe similarities to? | {
"answer_start": [
171
],
"text": [
"Isis"
]
} |
570c46c0b3d812140066d068 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The adoption of the mother of Jesus as a virtual goddess may represent a reintroduction of aspects of the worship of Isis. "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. These parallels have led many scholars to suggest that there ... | What type of goddess is Isis? | {
"answer_start": [
154
],
"text": [
"Egyptian"
]
} |
570c46c0b3d812140066d069 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The adoption of the mother of Jesus as a virtual goddess may represent a reintroduction of aspects of the worship of Isis. "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. These parallels have led many scholars to suggest that there ... | What kind of relationship do some scholars believe exists between Isis and Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
334
],
"text": [
"iconographic"
]
} |
570c481ffed7b91900d45825 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany. It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. The Gospel of John states t... | In which country is Ephesus? | {
"answer_start": [
45
],
"text": [
"Turkey"
]
} |
570c481ffed7b91900d45826 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany. It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. The Gospel of John states t... | Whose visions led to the identification of the House of the Virgin Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
87
],
"text": [
"Anne Catherine Emmerich"
]
} |
570c481ffed7b91900d45827 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany. It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. The Gospel of John states t... | Which disciple is known as "the Disciple whom Jesus loved?" | {
"answer_start": [
402
],
"text": [
"John the Evangelist"
]
} |
570c481ffed7b91900d45828 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany. It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. The Gospel of John states t... | With whom is it believed that Mary lived with in Ephesus? | {
"answer_start": [
618
],
"text": [
"John"
]
} |
570c481ffed7b91900d45829 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany. It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. The Gospel of John states t... | In which century was the House of the Virgin Mary found? | {
"answer_start": [
7
],
"text": [
"19th"
]
} |
570c49f9fed7b91900d45843 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is without doubt the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. Both ... | In which year was the Second Council of Nicea? | {
"answer_start": [
437
],
"text": [
"787"
]
} |
570c49f9fed7b91900d45844 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is without doubt the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. Both ... | In which year did the Synod of Constantinople confirm the veneration of images of Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
589
],
"text": [
"842"
]
} |
570c49f9fed7b91900d45845 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is without doubt the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. Both ... | Which icon is most venerated in the Orthodox Church? | {
"answer_start": [
209
],
"text": [
"icon of the Virgin Theotokos"
]
} |
570c49f9fed7b91900d45846 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is without doubt the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. Both ... | What is the name given to artistic depictions of Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
118
],
"text": [
"Marian art"
]
} |
570c49f9fed7b91900d45847 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is without doubt the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. Both ... | In the Orthodox church, what types of icons are allowed to be venerated and prayed before? | {
"answer_start": [
750
],
"text": [
"flat, two-dimensional icons"
]
} |
570c4b18b3d812140066d089 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Ephesus is a cultic centre of Mary, the site of the first Church dedicated to her and the rumoured place of her death. Ephesus was previously a centre for worship of Artemis a virgin goddess. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus being regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The cult of Mary was furthered ... | Where is the site of the first Church dedicated to Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Ephesus"
]
} |
570c4b18b3d812140066d08a | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Ephesus is a cultic centre of Mary, the site of the first Church dedicated to her and the rumoured place of her death. Ephesus was previously a centre for worship of Artemis a virgin goddess. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus being regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The cult of Mary was furthered ... | Which goddess was worshipped in Ephesus before Mary? | {
"answer_start": [
166
],
"text": [
"Artemis"
]
} |
570c4b18b3d812140066d08b | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Ephesus is a cultic centre of Mary, the site of the first Church dedicated to her and the rumoured place of her death. Ephesus was previously a centre for worship of Artemis a virgin goddess. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus being regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The cult of Mary was furthered ... | Who was the author of the book, "Survivals of Roman Religion?" | {
"answer_start": [
371
],
"text": [
"William E. Phipps"
]
} |
570c4b18b3d812140066d08c | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | Ephesus is a cultic centre of Mary, the site of the first Church dedicated to her and the rumoured place of her death. Ephesus was previously a centre for worship of Artemis a virgin goddess. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus being regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The cult of Mary was furthered ... | Which Queen furthered the cult of Mary in the 6th Century? | {
"answer_start": [
323
],
"text": [
"Queen Theodora"
]
} |
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