id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
570e33de0b85d914000d7d43 | Uranium | In nature, uranium(VI) forms highly soluble carbonate complexes at alkaline pH. This leads to an increase in mobility and availability of uranium to groundwater and soil from nuclear wastes which leads to health hazards. However, it is difficult to precipitate uranium as phosphate in the presence of excess carbonate at... | What type of complexes does uranium(VI) form in nature? | {
"answer_start": [
44
],
"text": [
"carbonate"
]
} |
570e33de0b85d914000d7d44 | Uranium | In nature, uranium(VI) forms highly soluble carbonate complexes at alkaline pH. This leads to an increase in mobility and availability of uranium to groundwater and soil from nuclear wastes which leads to health hazards. However, it is difficult to precipitate uranium as phosphate in the presence of excess carbonate at... | The presence of what substance at alkaline pH makes it difficult to precipitate uranium as phosphate? | {
"answer_start": [
308
],
"text": [
"carbonate"
]
} |
570e33de0b85d914000d7d45 | Uranium | In nature, uranium(VI) forms highly soluble carbonate complexes at alkaline pH. This leads to an increase in mobility and availability of uranium to groundwater and soil from nuclear wastes which leads to health hazards. However, it is difficult to precipitate uranium as phosphate in the presence of excess carbonate at... | What is BSAR-1 a strain of? | {
"answer_start": [
336
],
"text": [
"Sphingomonas sp."
]
} |
570e347a0b85d914000d7d49 | Uranium | It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of uranium exists in ore reserves that are economically viable at US$59 per lb of uranium, while 35 million tonnes are classed as mineral resources (reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction). Prices went from about $10/lb in May 2003 to $138/lb in July 2007. This has... | How much economically viable uranium is there in ore reserves, in millions of tonnes? | {
"answer_start": [
21
],
"text": [
"5.5"
]
} |
570e347a0b85d914000d7d4a | Uranium | It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of uranium exists in ore reserves that are economically viable at US$59 per lb of uranium, while 35 million tonnes are classed as mineral resources (reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction). Prices went from about $10/lb in May 2003 to $138/lb in July 2007. This has... | How many millions of tonnes are uranium are regarded as mineral resources? | {
"answer_start": [
137
],
"text": [
"35"
]
} |
570e347a0b85d914000d7d4b | Uranium | It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of uranium exists in ore reserves that are economically viable at US$59 per lb of uranium, while 35 million tonnes are classed as mineral resources (reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction). Prices went from about $10/lb in May 2003 to $138/lb in July 2007. This has... | What was the price of uranium per pound as of May 2003? | {
"answer_start": [
268
],
"text": [
"$10"
]
} |
570e347a0b85d914000d7d4c | Uranium | It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of uranium exists in ore reserves that are economically viable at US$59 per lb of uranium, while 35 million tonnes are classed as mineral resources (reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction). Prices went from about $10/lb in May 2003 to $138/lb in July 2007. This has... | In 2005, how much money was spent on uranium exploration? | {
"answer_start": [
376
],
"text": [
"US$200 million"
]
} |
570e347a0b85d914000d7d4d | Uranium | It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of uranium exists in ore reserves that are economically viable at US$59 per lb of uranium, while 35 million tonnes are classed as mineral resources (reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction). Prices went from about $10/lb in May 2003 to $138/lb in July 2007. This has... | How much money was spent to explore for uranium in 2006? | {
"answer_start": [
543
],
"text": [
"$774 million"
]
} |
570e35280b85d914000d7d5d | Uranium | A team led by Enrico Fermi in 1934 observed that bombarding uranium with neutrons produces the emission of beta rays (electrons or positrons from the elements produced; see beta particle). The fission products were at first mistaken for new elements of atomic numbers 93 and 94, which the Dean of the Faculty of Rome, Or... | When was it observed that bombarding uranium with neutrons results in beta ray emission? | {
"answer_start": [
30
],
"text": [
"1934"
]
} |
570e35280b85d914000d7d5e | Uranium | A team led by Enrico Fermi in 1934 observed that bombarding uranium with neutrons produces the emission of beta rays (electrons or positrons from the elements produced; see beta particle). The fission products were at first mistaken for new elements of atomic numbers 93 and 94, which the Dean of the Faculty of Rome, Or... | Who led the team that discovered that bombarding uranium with neutrons created beta ray emissions? | {
"answer_start": [
14
],
"text": [
"Enrico Fermi"
]
} |
570e35280b85d914000d7d5f | Uranium | A team led by Enrico Fermi in 1934 observed that bombarding uranium with neutrons produces the emission of beta rays (electrons or positrons from the elements produced; see beta particle). The fission products were at first mistaken for new elements of atomic numbers 93 and 94, which the Dean of the Faculty of Rome, Or... | What was the name given by Corbino to the incorrectly designated atomic number 94? | {
"answer_start": [
362
],
"text": [
"hesperium"
]
} |
570e35280b85d914000d7d60 | Uranium | A team led by Enrico Fermi in 1934 observed that bombarding uranium with neutrons produces the emission of beta rays (electrons or positrons from the elements produced; see beta particle). The fission products were at first mistaken for new elements of atomic numbers 93 and 94, which the Dean of the Faculty of Rome, Or... | What was the job title of Orso Mario Corbino? | {
"answer_start": [
289
],
"text": [
"Dean of the Faculty of Rome"
]
} |
570e35280b85d914000d7d61 | Uranium | A team led by Enrico Fermi in 1934 observed that bombarding uranium with neutrons produces the emission of beta rays (electrons or positrons from the elements produced; see beta particle). The fission products were at first mistaken for new elements of atomic numbers 93 and 94, which the Dean of the Faculty of Rome, Or... | Who was the aunt of Otto Robert Frisch? | {
"answer_start": [
604
],
"text": [
"Lise Meitner"
]
} |
570e357f0b85d914000d7d67 | Uranium | The interactions of carbonate anions with uranium(VI) cause the Pourbaix diagram to change greatly when the medium is changed from water to a carbonate containing solution. While the vast majority of carbonates are insoluble in water (students are often taught that all carbonates other than those of alkali metals are i... | In what medium does the Pourbaix diagram change when carbonate anions interact with uranium(VI)? | {
"answer_start": [
142
],
"text": [
"carbonate containing solution"
]
} |
570e357f0b85d914000d7d68 | Uranium | The interactions of carbonate anions with uranium(VI) cause the Pourbaix diagram to change greatly when the medium is changed from water to a carbonate containing solution. While the vast majority of carbonates are insoluble in water (students are often taught that all carbonates other than those of alkali metals are i... | What notable carbonates are often water soluble? | {
"answer_start": [
340
],
"text": [
"uranium"
]
} |
570e357f0b85d914000d7d69 | Uranium | The interactions of carbonate anions with uranium(VI) cause the Pourbaix diagram to change greatly when the medium is changed from water to a carbonate containing solution. While the vast majority of carbonates are insoluble in water (students are often taught that all carbonates other than those of alkali metals are i... | What does a uranium(VI) cation form when it binds to two terminal oxides and three or more carbonates? | {
"answer_start": [
491
],
"text": [
"anionic complexes"
]
} |
570e35d20b85d914000d7d6d | Uranium | Uranium is more plentiful than antimony, tin, cadmium, mercury, or silver, and it is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium ... | Along with arsenic, what metal is roughly as abundant as uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"molybdenum"
]
} |
570e35d20b85d914000d7d6e | Uranium | Uranium is more plentiful than antimony, tin, cadmium, mercury, or silver, and it is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium ... | Along with silver, mercury, tin and cadmium, what metal is uranium more plentiful than? | {
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"antimony"
]
} |
570e35d20b85d914000d7d6f | Uranium | Uranium is more plentiful than antimony, tin, cadmium, mercury, or silver, and it is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium ... | What is the most prevalent uranium ore? | {
"answer_start": [
181
],
"text": [
"uraninite"
]
} |
570e35d20b85d914000d7d70 | Uranium | Uranium is more plentiful than antimony, tin, cadmium, mercury, or silver, and it is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium ... | What mineral sometimes contains uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
399
],
"text": [
"lignite"
]
} |
570e35d20b85d914000d7d71 | Uranium | Uranium is more plentiful than antimony, tin, cadmium, mercury, or silver, and it is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium ... | What types of rocks sometimes contain uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
353
],
"text": [
"phosphate"
]
} |
570e366b0b85d914000d7d77 | Uranium | Natural uranium consists of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (99.28% natural abundance), uranium-235 (0.71%), and uranium-234 (0.0054%). All three are radioactive, emitting alpha particles, with the exception that all three of these isotopes have small probabilities of undergoing spontaneous fission, rather than alpha... | What is the least prevalent major isotope of natural uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
115
],
"text": [
"uranium-234"
]
} |
570e366b0b85d914000d7d78 | Uranium | Natural uranium consists of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (99.28% natural abundance), uranium-235 (0.71%), and uranium-234 (0.0054%). All three are radioactive, emitting alpha particles, with the exception that all three of these isotopes have small probabilities of undergoing spontaneous fission, rather than alpha... | What is the natural abundance of uranium-235? | {
"answer_start": [
103
],
"text": [
"0.71%"
]
} |
570e366b0b85d914000d7d79 | Uranium | Natural uranium consists of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (99.28% natural abundance), uranium-235 (0.71%), and uranium-234 (0.0054%). All three are radioactive, emitting alpha particles, with the exception that all three of these isotopes have small probabilities of undergoing spontaneous fission, rather than alpha... | What isotope of uranium is formed when 238U experiences spontaneous fission? | {
"answer_start": [
373
],
"text": [
"uranium-239"
]
} |
570e366b0b85d914000d7d7a | Uranium | Natural uranium consists of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (99.28% natural abundance), uranium-235 (0.71%), and uranium-234 (0.0054%). All three are radioactive, emitting alpha particles, with the exception that all three of these isotopes have small probabilities of undergoing spontaneous fission, rather than alpha... | When uranium isotope is formed from the decay of neptunium-237? | {
"answer_start": [
616
],
"text": [
"uranium-233"
]
} |
570e366b0b85d914000d7d7b | Uranium | Natural uranium consists of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (99.28% natural abundance), uranium-235 (0.71%), and uranium-234 (0.0054%). All three are radioactive, emitting alpha particles, with the exception that all three of these isotopes have small probabilities of undergoing spontaneous fission, rather than alpha... | What isotope is it theorized will form uranium-2343 after double beta decay? | {
"answer_start": [
808
],
"text": [
"thorium-232"
]
} |
570e36e30dc6ce1900204e7d | Uranium | An additional 4.6 billion tonnes of uranium are estimated to be in sea water (Japanese scientists in the 1980s showed that extraction of uranium from sea water using ion exchangers was technically feasible). There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate p... | About how many tonnes of uranium is theorized to be present in the sea? | {
"answer_start": [
14
],
"text": [
"4.6 billion"
]
} |
570e36e30dc6ce1900204e7f | Uranium | An additional 4.6 billion tonnes of uranium are estimated to be in sea water (Japanese scientists in the 1980s showed that extraction of uranium from sea water using ion exchangers was technically feasible). There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate p... | What did ORNL call their material that performs surface retention on solid molecules? | {
"answer_start": [
439
],
"text": [
"HiCap"
]
} |
570e36e30dc6ce1900204e7e | Uranium | An additional 4.6 billion tonnes of uranium are estimated to be in sea water (Japanese scientists in the 1980s showed that extraction of uranium from sea water using ion exchangers was technically feasible). There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate p... | The presence of what substance in sea water has resulted in low yields when attempting to extract uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
309
],
"text": [
"carbonate"
]
} |
570e36e30dc6ce1900204e80 | Uranium | An additional 4.6 billion tonnes of uranium are estimated to be in sea water (Japanese scientists in the 1980s showed that extraction of uranium from sea water using ion exchangers was technically feasible). There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate p... | Where were ORNL's results verified? | {
"answer_start": [
621
],
"text": [
"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory"
]
} |
570e36e30dc6ce1900204e81 | Uranium | An additional 4.6 billion tonnes of uranium are estimated to be in sea water (Japanese scientists in the 1980s showed that extraction of uranium from sea water using ion exchangers was technically feasible). There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate p... | When was HiCap announced? | {
"answer_start": [
344
],
"text": [
"2012"
]
} |
570e37590dc6ce1900204e87 | Uranium | Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope... | What is the sole fissile isotope that occurs in nature? | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"Uranium-235"
]
} |
570e37590dc6ce1900204e88 | Uranium | Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope... | What can be turned into plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"Uranium-238"
]
} |
570e37590dc6ce1900204e89 | Uranium | Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope... | What uranium isotope is produced from thorium? | {
"answer_start": [
322
],
"text": [
"uranium-233"
]
} |
570e37590dc6ce1900204e8a | Uranium | Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope... | Along with uranium-235, what isotope is noted for having a high fission cross-section for slow neutrons? | {
"answer_start": [
562
],
"text": [
"uranium-233"
]
} |
570e37590dc6ce1900204e8b | Uranium | Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope... | What is 238U? | {
"answer_start": [
829
],
"text": [
"Depleted uranium"
]
} |
570e37d60b85d914000d7d8b | Uranium | A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or... | What is OSHA? | {
"answer_start": [
756
],
"text": [
"Occupational Safety and Health Administration"
]
} |
570e37d60b85d914000d7d8c | Uranium | A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or... | What is the OSHA uranium exposure limit for an 8-hour workday? | {
"answer_start": [
889
],
"text": [
"0.25 mg/m3"
]
} |
570e37d60b85d914000d7d8d | Uranium | A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or... | What does REL stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
1000
],
"text": [
"recommended exposure limit"
]
} |
570e37d60b85d914000d7d8e | Uranium | A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or... | What is the NIOSH uranium exposure standard over an 8-hour workday? | {
"answer_start": [
1036
],
"text": [
"0.2 mg/m3"
]
} |
570e37d60b85d914000d7d8f | Uranium | A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or... | At what level of exposure does uranium become imminently dangerous to health? | {
"answer_start": [
1119
],
"text": [
"10 mg/m3"
]
} |
570e386c0dc6ce1900204e9b | Uranium | The most common forms of uranium oxide are triuranium octoxide (U
3O
8) and UO
2. Both oxide forms are solids that have low solubility in water and are relatively stable over a wide range of environmental conditions. Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form mo... | Along with UO2, what is the commonest form of uranium oxide? | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"triuranium octoxide"
]
} |
570e386c0dc6ce1900204e9c | Uranium | The most common forms of uranium oxide are triuranium octoxide (U
3O
8) and UO
2. Both oxide forms are solids that have low solubility in water and are relatively stable over a wide range of environmental conditions. Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form mo... | What is the stablest uranium compound? | {
"answer_start": [
217
],
"text": [
"Triuranium octoxide"
]
} |
570e386c0dc6ce1900204e9d | Uranium | The most common forms of uranium oxide are triuranium octoxide (U
3O
8) and UO
2. Both oxide forms are solids that have low solubility in water and are relatively stable over a wide range of environmental conditions. Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form mo... | In what form is uranium most often used as fuel for nuclear reactors? | {
"answer_start": [
349
],
"text": [
"Uranium dioxide"
]
} |
570e38eb0dc6ce1900204ea5 | Uranium | The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the... | What was the earliest year in recorded history that uranium oxide was used? | {
"answer_start": [
77
],
"text": [
"79 CE"
]
} |
570e38eb0dc6ce1900204ea7 | Uranium | The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the... | In what county was glass with uranium oxide content found? | {
"answer_start": [
244
],
"text": [
"Italy"
]
} |
570e38eb0dc6ce1900204ea6 | Uranium | The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the... | What color of ceramic glaze was extracted from uranium oxide? | {
"answer_start": [
110
],
"text": [
"yellow"
]
} |
570e38eb0dc6ce1900204ea8 | Uranium | The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the... | In what year was yellow uranium oxide glass discovered? | {
"answer_start": [
299
],
"text": [
"1912"
]
} |
570e38eb0dc6ce1900204ea9 | Uranium | The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the... | What institution did R.T. Gunther belong to? | {
"answer_start": [
271
],
"text": [
"the University of Oxford"
]
} |
570e39580b85d914000d7d9f | Uranium | On 2 December 1942, as part of the Manhattan Project, another team led by Enrico Fermi was able to initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reactio... | What was the first self-sustained nuclear chain reaction created by human beings called? | {
"answer_start": [
168
],
"text": [
"Chicago Pile-1"
]
} |
570e39580b85d914000d7da0 | Uranium | On 2 December 1942, as part of the Manhattan Project, another team led by Enrico Fermi was able to initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reactio... | On what date was the first self-sustained nuclear chain reaction created artificially? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"2 December 1942"
]
} |
570e39580b85d914000d7da1 | Uranium | On 2 December 1942, as part of the Manhattan Project, another team led by Enrico Fermi was able to initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reactio... | What project was Fermi working for? | {
"answer_start": [
35
],
"text": [
"Manhattan"
]
} |
570e39580b85d914000d7da2 | Uranium | On 2 December 1942, as part of the Manhattan Project, another team led by Enrico Fermi was able to initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reactio... | On the campus of what educational institution was Chicago Pile-1 created? | {
"answer_start": [
240
],
"text": [
"University of Chicago"
]
} |
570e39580b85d914000d7da3 | Uranium | On 2 December 1942, as part of the Manhattan Project, another team led by Enrico Fermi was able to initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reactio... | How many metric tons of uranium oxide was used in Chicago Pile-1? | {
"answer_start": [
402
],
"text": [
"53"
]
} |
570e39bc0b85d914000d7da9 | Uranium | Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography. The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who named the new element after the planet Uranus. Eugène-Melchior Pé... | Along with lemon yellow, what color is produced in uranium glass? | {
"answer_start": [
57
],
"text": [
"orange-red"
]
} |
570e39bc0b85d914000d7daa | Uranium | Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography. The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who named the new element after the planet Uranus. Eugène-Melchior Pé... | Who discovered uranium in pitchblende? | {
"answer_start": [
225
],
"text": [
"Martin Heinrich Klaproth"
]
} |
570e39bc0b85d914000d7dab | Uranium | Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography. The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who named the new element after the planet Uranus. Eugène-Melchior Pé... | Who was responsible for first isolating uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
302
],
"text": [
"Eugène-Melchior Péligot"
]
} |
570e39bc0b85d914000d7dac | Uranium | Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography. The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who named the new element after the planet Uranus. Eugène-Melchior Pé... | Who discovered that uranium was radioactive? | {
"answer_start": [
426
],
"text": [
"Henri Becquerel"
]
} |
570e39bc0b85d914000d7dad | Uranium | Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography. The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who named the new element after the planet Uranus. Eugène-Melchior Pé... | What was the first nuclear weapon used in a war called? | {
"answer_start": [
614
],
"text": [
"Little Boy"
]
} |
570e3a8a0dc6ce1900204eb9 | Uranium | In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2742%) and uranium-235 (0.7204%). Isotope separation concentrates (enriches) the fissionable uranium-235 for nuclear weapons and most nuclear power plants, except for gas cooled reactors and pressurised heavy water reactors. Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of u... | What percentage of uranium in nature is uranium-235? | {
"answer_start": [
71
],
"text": [
"0.7204%"
]
} |
570e3a8a0dc6ce1900204ebb | Uranium | In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2742%) and uranium-235 (0.7204%). Isotope separation concentrates (enriches) the fissionable uranium-235 for nuclear weapons and most nuclear power plants, except for gas cooled reactors and pressurised heavy water reactors. Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of u... | What is the term for the amount of uranium-235 needed to sustain a nuclear chain reaction? | {
"answer_start": [
486
],
"text": [
"critical mass"
]
} |
570e3a8a0dc6ce1900204eba | Uranium | In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2742%) and uranium-235 (0.7204%). Isotope separation concentrates (enriches) the fissionable uranium-235 for nuclear weapons and most nuclear power plants, except for gas cooled reactors and pressurised heavy water reactors. Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of u... | What is the most prevalent natural isotope of uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"uranium-238"
]
} |
570e3a8a0dc6ce1900204ebc | Uranium | In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2742%) and uranium-235 (0.7204%). Isotope separation concentrates (enriches) the fissionable uranium-235 for nuclear weapons and most nuclear power plants, except for gas cooled reactors and pressurised heavy water reactors. Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of u... | What percentage of natural uranium is isotope 238? | {
"answer_start": [
44
],
"text": [
"99.2742%"
]
} |
570e3a8a0dc6ce1900204ebd | Uranium | In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2742%) and uranium-235 (0.7204%). Isotope separation concentrates (enriches) the fissionable uranium-235 for nuclear weapons and most nuclear power plants, except for gas cooled reactors and pressurised heavy water reactors. Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of u... | Along with gas cooled reactors, what type of reactor doesn't use uranium-235? | {
"answer_start": [
238
],
"text": [
"pressurised heavy water"
]
} |
570e432f0dc6ce1900204ee1 | Uranium | The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily a... | What is uranium used for most often in the military? | {
"answer_start": [
62
],
"text": [
"high-density penetrators"
]
} |
570e432f0dc6ce1900204ee3 | Uranium | The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily a... | Along with titanium, what element often makes up the portion of high-density penetrators not made of depleted uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
192
],
"text": [
"molybdenum"
]
} |
570e432f0dc6ce1900204ee2 | Uranium | The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily a... | What percentage of high-density penetrators is not made up of depleted uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
151
],
"text": [
"1–2%"
]
} |
570e432f0dc6ce1900204ee4 | Uranium | The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily a... | Along with the Balkans, in what geographical location did a war take place where the UK used depleted uranium munitions? | {
"answer_start": [
596
],
"text": [
"Persian Gulf"
]
} |
570e432f0dc6ce1900204ee5 | Uranium | The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily a... | What illness is possibly tied to the use of depleted uranium munitions? | {
"answer_start": [
693
],
"text": [
"Gulf War Syndrome"
]
} |
570e437d0dc6ce1900204eeb | Uranium | The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium ... | Who discovered uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
63
],
"text": [
"Martin Heinrich Klaproth"
]
} |
570e437d0dc6ce1900204eed | Uranium | The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium ... | In what year did the discovery of uranium occur? | {
"answer_start": [
154
],
"text": [
"1789"
]
} |
570e437d0dc6ce1900204eec | Uranium | The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium ... | In what city was uranium discovered? | {
"answer_start": [
144
],
"text": [
"Berlin"
]
} |
570e437d0dc6ce1900204eee | Uranium | The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium ... | What did Klaproth probably create when he dissolved pitchblende in nitric acid? | {
"answer_start": [
219
],
"text": [
"sodium diuranate"
]
} |
570e437d0dc6ce1900204eef | Uranium | The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium ... | Who discovered the planet Uranus? | {
"answer_start": [
733
],
"text": [
"William Herschel"
]
} |
570e43e60dc6ce1900204ef5 | Uranium | Uranium ore is mined in several ways: by open pit, underground, in-situ leaching, and borehole mining (see uranium mining). Low-grade uranium ore mined typically contains 0.01 to 0.25% uranium oxides. Extensive measures must be employed to extract the metal from its ore. High-grade ores found in Athabasca Basin deposit... | What percentage range of uranium oxide is usually contained in low-grade uranium ore? | {
"answer_start": [
171
],
"text": [
"0.01 to 0.25%"
]
} |
570e43e60dc6ce1900204ef6 | Uranium | Uranium ore is mined in several ways: by open pit, underground, in-situ leaching, and borehole mining (see uranium mining). Low-grade uranium ore mined typically contains 0.01 to 0.25% uranium oxides. Extensive measures must be employed to extract the metal from its ore. High-grade ores found in Athabasca Basin deposit... | Along with underground, open pit and in-situ leaching, what sort of mining is used to mine uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
86
],
"text": [
"borehole"
]
} |
570e43e60dc6ce1900204ef7 | Uranium | Uranium ore is mined in several ways: by open pit, underground, in-situ leaching, and borehole mining (see uranium mining). Low-grade uranium ore mined typically contains 0.01 to 0.25% uranium oxides. Extensive measures must be employed to extract the metal from its ore. High-grade ores found in Athabasca Basin deposit... | In what country are high-grade uranium ores notably found? | {
"answer_start": [
339
],
"text": [
"Canada"
]
} |
570e43e60dc6ce1900204ef8 | Uranium | Uranium ore is mined in several ways: by open pit, underground, in-situ leaching, and borehole mining (see uranium mining). Low-grade uranium ore mined typically contains 0.01 to 0.25% uranium oxides. Extensive measures must be employed to extract the metal from its ore. High-grade ores found in Athabasca Basin deposit... | In what province of Canada is the Athabasca Basin? | {
"answer_start": [
325
],
"text": [
"Saskatchewan"
]
} |
570e43e60dc6ce1900204ef9 | Uranium | Uranium ore is mined in several ways: by open pit, underground, in-situ leaching, and borehole mining (see uranium mining). Low-grade uranium ore mined typically contains 0.01 to 0.25% uranium oxides. Extensive measures must be employed to extract the metal from its ore. High-grade ores found in Athabasca Basin deposit... | What is the average percentage of uranium oxide contained in the ores mined in the Athabasca Basin? | {
"answer_start": [
364
],
"text": [
"23%"
]
} |
570e44ec0b85d914000d7dc7 | Uranium | Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Littl... | What was the uranium-based bomb made by the US in World War II called? | {
"answer_start": [
124
],
"text": [
"Little Boy"
]
} |
570e44ec0b85d914000d7dc8 | Uranium | Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Littl... | What was the codename of the plutonium-based bomb created in the Second World War? | {
"answer_start": [
241
],
"text": [
"Fat Man"
]
} |
570e44ec0b85d914000d7dc9 | Uranium | Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Littl... | On what date was Little Boy detonated? | {
"answer_start": [
438
],
"text": [
"6 August 1945"
]
} |
570e44ec0b85d914000d7dca | Uranium | Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Littl... | What was the equivalent yield in TNT of the Little Boy bomb, in tonnes? | {
"answer_start": [
490
],
"text": [
"12,500"
]
} |
570e44ec0b85d914000d7dcb | Uranium | Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Littl... | Over what city was Little Boy detonated? | {
"answer_start": [
425
],
"text": [
"Hiroshima"
]
} |
570e45630b85d914000d7dd1 | Uranium | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | As of 2005, what country was the largest producer of uranium oxides? | {
"answer_start": [
72
],
"text": [
"Canada"
]
} |
570e45630b85d914000d7dd2 | Uranium | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | What percentage of world uranium oxide production is produced by Argentina? | {
"answer_start": [
282
],
"text": [
"2.1%"
]
} |
570e45630b85d914000d7dd3 | Uranium | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | What country produced 5.5% of the world's concentrated uranium oxide in 2005? | {
"answer_start": [
226
],
"text": [
"Uzbekistan"
]
} |
570e45630b85d914000d7dd5 | Uranium | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | How many countries produced concentrated uranium oxides in 2005? | {
"answer_start": [
9
],
"text": [
"seventeen"
]
} |
570e45630b85d914000d7dd4 | Uranium | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | How many tonnes of uranium was Australia expected to produce in 2009? | {
"answer_start": [
567
],
"text": [
"9,430"
]
} |
570e45fe0b85d914000d7ddb | Uranium | During the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, huge stockpiles of uranium were amassed and tens of thousands of nuclear weapons were created using enriched uranium and plutonium made from uranium. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, an estimated 600 short tons (540 metric tons) of highl... | Who was the Soviet Union's opponent in the Cold War? | {
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
"United States"
]
} |
570e45fe0b85d914000d7ddc | Uranium | During the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, huge stockpiles of uranium were amassed and tens of thousands of nuclear weapons were created using enriched uranium and plutonium made from uranium. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, an estimated 600 short tons (540 metric tons) of highl... | How many nuclear warheads can be made with 540 metric tons of highly enriched weapons grade uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
369
],
"text": [
"40,000"
]
} |
570e45fe0b85d914000d7ddd | Uranium | During the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, huge stockpiles of uranium were amassed and tens of thousands of nuclear weapons were created using enriched uranium and plutonium made from uranium. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, an estimated 600 short tons (540 metric tons) of highl... | What was the expenditure of the Material Protection, Control, and Accounting Program between 1993 and 2005? | {
"answer_start": [
870
],
"text": [
"US $550 million"
]
} |
570e45fe0b85d914000d7dde | Uranium | During the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, huge stockpiles of uranium were amassed and tens of thousands of nuclear weapons were created using enriched uranium and plutonium made from uranium. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, an estimated 600 short tons (540 metric tons) of highl... | What is another term for uranium that is enriched? | {
"answer_start": [
1301
],
"text": [
"weapons grade"
]
} |
570e45fe0b85d914000d7ddf | Uranium | During the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, huge stockpiles of uranium were amassed and tens of thousands of nuclear weapons were created using enriched uranium and plutonium made from uranium. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, an estimated 600 short tons (540 metric tons) of highl... | Approximately how many times did police capture shipments of bomb-grade plutonium or uranium between 1993 and 2005? | {
"answer_start": [
572
],
"text": [
"16"
]
} |
570e469c0dc6ce1900204eff | Uranium | Salts of many oxidation states of uranium are water-soluble and may be studied in aqueous solutions. The most common ionic forms are U3+ (brown-red), U4+ (green), UO+
2 (unstable), and UO2+
2 (yellow), for U(III), U(IV), U(V), and U(VI), respectively. A few solid and semi-metallic compounds such as UO and US exist for ... | What is the color of U4+? | {
"answer_start": [
155
],
"text": [
"green"
]
} |
570e469c0dc6ce1900204f01 | Uranium | Salts of many oxidation states of uranium are water-soluble and may be studied in aqueous solutions. The most common ionic forms are U3+ (brown-red), U4+ (green), UO+
2 (unstable), and UO2+
2 (yellow), for U(III), U(IV), U(V), and U(VI), respectively. A few solid and semi-metallic compounds such as UO and US exist for ... | What state is represented by the UO2+ 2 ion? | {
"answer_start": [
549
],
"text": [
"uranium(VI)"
]
} |
570e469c0dc6ce1900204f02 | Uranium | Salts of many oxidation states of uranium are water-soluble and may be studied in aqueous solutions. The most common ionic forms are U3+ (brown-red), U4+ (green), UO+
2 (unstable), and UO2+
2 (yellow), for U(III), U(IV), U(V), and U(VI), respectively. A few solid and semi-metallic compounds such as UO and US exist for ... | Along with uranyl sulfate and uranyl chloride, what compound is formed by the UO2+ 2 ion? | {
"answer_start": [
606
],
"text": [
"uranyl carbonate"
]
} |
570e469c0dc6ce1900204f03 | Uranium | Salts of many oxidation states of uranium are water-soluble and may be studied in aqueous solutions. The most common ionic forms are U3+ (brown-red), U4+ (green), UO+
2 (unstable), and UO2+
2 (yellow), for U(III), U(IV), U(V), and U(VI), respectively. A few solid and semi-metallic compounds such as UO and US exist for ... | What common complex is formed by the UO2+ 2 ion with organic chelating agents? | {
"answer_start": [
769
],
"text": [
"uranyl acetate"
]
} |
570e47250dc6ce1900204f09 | Uranium | Some organisms, such as the lichen Trapelia involuta or microorganisms such as the bacterium Citrobacter, can absorb concentrations of uranium that are up to 300 times the level of their environment. Citrobacter species absorb uranyl ions when given glycerol phosphate (or other similar organic phosphates). After one da... | What microorganism can notably absorb a very high concentrate of uranium? | {
"answer_start": [
93
],
"text": [
"Citrobacter"
]
} |
570e47250dc6ce1900204f0b | Uranium | Some organisms, such as the lichen Trapelia involuta or microorganisms such as the bacterium Citrobacter, can absorb concentrations of uranium that are up to 300 times the level of their environment. Citrobacter species absorb uranyl ions when given glycerol phosphate (or other similar organic phosphates). After one da... | What is given to Citrobacter to cause it to absorb uranyl ions? | {
"answer_start": [
250
],
"text": [
"glycerol phosphate"
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.