id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5727fa0b4b864d190016411a | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June... | He is still known today as what? | {
"answer_start": [
1268
],
"text": [
"the \"Good Pope\""
]
} |
5727fc0cff5b5019007d99fe | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understan... | When is his feast day celebrated? | {
"answer_start": [
231
],
"text": [
"11 October"
]
} |
5727fc0cff5b5019007d99ff | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understan... | What is October 11? | {
"answer_start": [
243
],
"text": [
"the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council"
]
} |
5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a00 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understan... | When did Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days? | {
"answer_start": [
410
],
"text": [
"11 September 2014"
]
} |
5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a01 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understan... | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 3 June? | {
"answer_start": [
618
],
"text": [
"by the Evangelical Lutheran Church"
]
} |
5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a02 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understan... | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 4 June? | {
"answer_start": [
698
],
"text": [
"by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States)"
]
} |
5727fd58ff5b5019007d9a44 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially ... | When did Pietro Gasparri summon him to the Vatican? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"February 1925"
]
} |
5727fd58ff5b5019007d9a45 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially ... | Who was the Cardinal Secretary of State in 1925? | {
"answer_start": [
50
],
"text": [
"Pietro Gasparri"
]
} |
5727fd58ff5b5019007d9a46 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially ... | When was he the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria? | {
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"1925–35"
]
} |
5727fd58ff5b5019007d9a47 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially ... | When was his nomination as apostolic visitor made official? | {
"answer_start": [
442
],
"text": [
"19 March"
]
} |
5727fd58ff5b5019007d9a48 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially ... | Who was he consecrated by? | {
"answer_start": [
480
],
"text": [
"Giovanni Tacci Porcelli"
]
} |
5727ff7c2ca10214002d9b00 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving t... | When was he appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"30 November 1934"
]
} |
5727ff7c2ca10214002d9b01 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving t... | He was appointed titular archbishop of where? | {
"answer_start": [
104
],
"text": [
"Mesembria, Bulgaria"
]
} |
5727ff7c2ca10214002d9b02 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving t... | What ws he known by in the Turkish community? | {
"answer_start": [
147
],
"text": [
"the Turcophile Pope"
]
} |
5727ff7c2ca10214002d9b03 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving t... | When did he take that position? | {
"answer_start": [
253
],
"text": [
"1935"
]
} |
5727ff7c2ca10214002d9b04 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving t... | Who did he introduce Bulgarian pilgrims to? | {
"answer_start": [
516
],
"text": [
"Pope Pius XI"
]
} |
5728005f4b864d19001641c8 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939... | When did he hear that his mother was dying? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"February 1939"
]
} |
5728005f4b864d19001641c9 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939... | When did Pope Pius XI die? | {
"answer_start": [
82
],
"text": [
"10 February 1939"
]
} |
5728005f4b864d19001641ca | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939... | When did his mother die? | {
"answer_start": [
304
],
"text": [
"20 February 1939"
]
} |
5728005f4b864d19001641cb | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939... | Who sent him the letter informing him of his mother's death? | {
"answer_start": [
401
],
"text": [
"Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli"
]
} |
5728005f4b864d19001641cc | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939... | When was Pope Pius XII elected? | {
"answer_start": [
544
],
"text": [
"2 March 1939"
]
} |
572800cd2ca10214002d9b26 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign ... | When was he appointed Patriarch of Venice? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"12 January 1953"
]
} |
572800cd2ca10214002d9b27 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign ... | Pope Pius XII raised him to what rank? | {
"answer_start": [
97
],
"text": [
"Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca"
]
} |
572800cd2ca10214002d9b28 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign ... | When did he leave France for Venice? | {
"answer_start": [
182
],
"text": [
"23 February 1953"
]
} |
572800cd2ca10214002d9b29 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign ... | When did he take up his new diocese in Venice? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"15 March 1953"
]
} |
572800cd2ca10214002d9b2a | Pope_John_XXIII | On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign ... | Who was the President of France in 1953? | {
"answer_start": [
360
],
"text": [
"Vincent Auriol"
]
} |
572801344b864d19001641dc | Pope_John_XXIII | His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November 1953 where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November 1953 at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Veni... | When was his sister Ancilla diagnosed with stomach cancer? | {
"answer_start": [
66
],
"text": [
"the early 1950s"
]
} |
572801344b864d19001641dd | Pope_John_XXIII | His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November 1953 where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November 1953 at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Veni... | When did he send his last letter to his dying sister? | {
"answer_start": [
126
],
"text": [
"8 November 1953"
]
} |
572801344b864d19001641de | Pope_John_XXIII | His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November 1953 where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November 1953 at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Veni... | When did Ancilla die? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"11 November 1953"
]
} |
572801344b864d19001641df | Pope_John_XXIII | His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November 1953 where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November 1953 at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Veni... | Where did he want to be buried? | {
"answer_start": [
444
],
"text": [
"the crypt of Saint Mark's in Venice"
]
} |
572801a52ca10214002d9b40 | Pope_John_XXIII | Following the death of Pope Pius XII on 9 October 1958, Roncalli watched the live funeral on his last full day in Venice on 11 October. His journal was specifically concerned with the funeral and the abused state of the late pontiff's corpse. Roncalli left Venice for the conclave in Rome well aware that he was papabile... | When did Pope Pius XII die? | {
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"9 October 1958"
]
} |
572801a52ca10214002d9b41 | Pope_John_XXIII | Following the death of Pope Pius XII on 9 October 1958, Roncalli watched the live funeral on his last full day in Venice on 11 October. His journal was specifically concerned with the funeral and the abused state of the late pontiff's corpse. Roncalli left Venice for the conclave in Rome well aware that he was papabile... | When was his last full day in Venice? | {
"answer_start": [
124
],
"text": [
"11 October"
]
} |
572801a52ca10214002d9b42 | Pope_John_XXIII | Following the death of Pope Pius XII on 9 October 1958, Roncalli watched the live funeral on his last full day in Venice on 11 October. His journal was specifically concerned with the funeral and the abused state of the late pontiff's corpse. Roncalli left Venice for the conclave in Rome well aware that he was papabile... | Why did Roncalli leave Venice? | {
"answer_start": [
264
],
"text": [
"for the conclave in Rome"
]
} |
572801a52ca10214002d9b43 | Pope_John_XXIII | Following the death of Pope Pius XII on 9 October 1958, Roncalli watched the live funeral on his last full day in Venice on 11 October. His journal was specifically concerned with the funeral and the abused state of the late pontiff's corpse. Roncalli left Venice for the conclave in Rome well aware that he was papabile... | He was elected pope after how many ballots? | {
"answer_start": [
335
],
"text": [
"eleven ballots"
]
} |
5728022c4b864d19001641ee | Pope_John_XXIII | Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montini, the Archbishop of Milan, a possible candidate, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal. Though his absence from the 1958 conclave did not make him ineligible – under Canon Law any Catho... | Who was the Archbishop of Milan? | {
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"Giovanni Battista Montini"
]
} |
5728022c4b864d19001641ef | Pope_John_XXIII | Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montini, the Archbishop of Milan, a possible candidate, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal. Though his absence from the 1958 conclave did not make him ineligible – under Canon Law any Catho... | New pontiffs are chosen from Cardinals who head what? | {
"answer_start": [
510
],
"text": [
"archdioceses or departments of the Roman Curia"
]
} |
5728022c4b864d19001641f0 | Pope_John_XXIII | Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montini, the Archbishop of Milan, a possible candidate, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal. Though his absence from the 1958 conclave did not make him ineligible – under Canon Law any Catho... | When was Montini absent from the conclave? | {
"answer_start": [
251
],
"text": [
"1958"
]
} |
572802ca3acd2414000df21f | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was summoned to the final ballot of the conclave at 4:00 pm. He was elected pope at 4:30 pm with a total of 38 votes. After the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII, the cardinals chose a man who – it was presumed because of his advanced age – would be a short-term or "stop-gap" pope. They wished to choose a cand... | When was the final ballot of the conclave? | {
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"4:00 pm"
]
} |
572802ca3acd2414000df220 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was summoned to the final ballot of the conclave at 4:00 pm. He was elected pope at 4:30 pm with a total of 38 votes. After the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII, the cardinals chose a man who – it was presumed because of his advanced age – would be a short-term or "stop-gap" pope. They wished to choose a cand... | How many votes did he have? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"38 votes"
]
} |
572802ca3acd2414000df221 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was summoned to the final ballot of the conclave at 4:00 pm. He was elected pope at 4:30 pm with a total of 38 votes. After the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII, the cardinals chose a man who – it was presumed because of his advanced age – would be a short-term or "stop-gap" pope. They wished to choose a cand... | What name did Roncalli choose? | {
"answer_start": [
658
],
"text": [
"John"
]
} |
572802ca3acd2414000df222 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was summoned to the final ballot of the conclave at 4:00 pm. He was elected pope at 4:30 pm with a total of 38 votes. After the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII, the cardinals chose a man who – it was presumed because of his advanced age – would be a short-term or "stop-gap" pope. They wished to choose a cand... | John had not been a chosen name in how long? | {
"answer_start": [
692
],
"text": [
"over 500 years"
]
} |
572802ca3acd2414000df223 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was summoned to the final ballot of the conclave at 4:00 pm. He was elected pope at 4:30 pm with a total of 38 votes. After the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII, the cardinals chose a man who – it was presumed because of his advanced age – would be a short-term or "stop-gap" pope. They wished to choose a cand... | Who was the last to choose the name John? | {
"answer_start": [
796
],
"text": [
"Antipope John XXIII"
]
} |
572803713acd2414000df233 | Pope_John_XXIII | Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century). This decision was announced on 29 January 1959 at the Basilica of Saint Paul ... | What did John XXIII call for? | {
"answer_start": [
81
],
"text": [
"an ecumenical council"
]
} |
572803713acd2414000df234 | Pope_John_XXIII | Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century). This decision was announced on 29 January 1959 at the Basilica of Saint Paul ... | When was the decision made for this council? | {
"answer_start": [
274
],
"text": [
"29 January 1959"
]
} |
572803713acd2414000df235 | Pope_John_XXIII | Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century). This decision was announced on 29 January 1959 at the Basilica of Saint Paul ... | Where was the decision made for this council? | {
"answer_start": [
293
],
"text": [
"the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls"
]
} |
572803713acd2414000df236 | Pope_John_XXIII | Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century). This decision was announced on 29 January 1959 at the Basilica of Saint Paul ... | Who did Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini later become? | {
"answer_start": [
392
],
"text": [
"Pope Paul VI"
]
} |
572803c6ff5b5019007d9af4 | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII was an advocate for human rights which included the unborn and the elderly. He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris. He wrote, "Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity and to the means necessary for the proper development of life, particularly food, clothing, shelter, medic... | John XXIII was an advocate for what? | {
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"human rights"
]
} |
572803c6ff5b5019007d9af5 | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII was an advocate for human rights which included the unborn and the elderly. He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris. He wrote, "Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity and to the means necessary for the proper development of life, particularly food, clothing, shelter, medic... | What did he write about human rights in? | {
"answer_start": [
118
],
"text": [
"his Pacem in terris"
]
} |
572803c6ff5b5019007d9af6 | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII was an advocate for human rights which included the unborn and the elderly. He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris. He wrote, "Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity and to the means necessary for the proper development of life, particularly food, clothing, shelter, medic... | His advocacy from human rights included whom? | {
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"the unborn and the elderly"
]
} |
572804594b864d190016423a | Pope_John_XXIII | Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued ... | John XXIII continued the gradual reform of what? | {
"answer_start": [
89
],
"text": [
"the Roman liturgy"
]
} |
572804594b864d190016423b | Pope_John_XXIII | Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued ... | He published changes that resulted in what? | {
"answer_start": [
147
],
"text": [
"the 1962 Roman Missal"
]
} |
572804594b864d190016423c | Pope_John_XXIII | Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued ... | What did Pope Pius V establish in 1570? | {
"answer_start": [
206
],
"text": [
"the Tridentine Mass"
]
} |
572804594b864d190016423d | Pope_John_XXIII | Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued ... | Pope Benedict XVI authorized continued use of the Roman Missal in what year? | {
"answer_start": [
356
],
"text": [
"2007"
]
} |
572804594b864d190016423e | Pope_John_XXIII | Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued ... | When was the Roman Rite created? | {
"answer_start": [
542
],
"text": [
"1970"
]
} |
572804ce2ca10214002d9bb2 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 11 October 1962, the first session of the Second Vatican Council was held in the Vatican. He gave the Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech, which served as the opening address for the council. The day was basically electing members for several council commissions that would work on the issues presented in the council. On th... | Where was the first session of the Second Vatican Council held? | {
"answer_start": [
77
],
"text": [
"in the Vatican"
]
} |
572804ce2ca10214002d9bb3 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 11 October 1962, the first session of the Second Vatican Council was held in the Vatican. He gave the Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech, which served as the opening address for the council. The day was basically electing members for several council commissions that would work on the issues presented in the council. On th... | When was the first session of the Second Vatican Council held? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"11 October 1962"
]
} |
572804ce2ca10214002d9bb4 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 11 October 1962, the first session of the Second Vatican Council was held in the Vatican. He gave the Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech, which served as the opening address for the council. The day was basically electing members for several council commissions that would work on the issues presented in the council. On th... | What speech did he give? | {
"answer_start": [
105
],
"text": [
"Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech"
]
} |
572804ce2ca10214002d9bb5 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 11 October 1962, the first session of the Second Vatican Council was held in the Vatican. He gave the Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech, which served as the opening address for the council. The day was basically electing members for several council commissions that would work on the issues presented in the council. On th... | Why were the people in Saint Peter's Square chanting and yelling? | {
"answer_start": [
440
],
"text": [
"the sole objective of getting John XXIII to appear at the window to address them"
]
} |
572805304b864d1900164250 | Pope_John_XXIII | The first session ended in a solemn ceremony on 8 December 1962 with the next session scheduled to occur in 1963 from 12 May to 29 June – this was announced on 12 November 1962. John XXIII's closing speech made subtle references to Pope Pius IX, and he had expressed the desire to see Pius IX beatified and eventually ca... | A solemn ceremony ended the first session on what day? | {
"answer_start": [
48
],
"text": [
"8 December 1962"
]
} |
572805304b864d1900164251 | Pope_John_XXIII | The first session ended in a solemn ceremony on 8 December 1962 with the next session scheduled to occur in 1963 from 12 May to 29 June – this was announced on 12 November 1962. John XXIII's closing speech made subtle references to Pope Pius IX, and he had expressed the desire to see Pius IX beatified and eventually ca... | When was the next session scheduled? | {
"answer_start": [
108
],
"text": [
"1963 from 12 May to 29 June"
]
} |
572805304b864d1900164252 | Pope_John_XXIII | The first session ended in a solemn ceremony on 8 December 1962 with the next session scheduled to occur in 1963 from 12 May to 29 June – this was announced on 12 November 1962. John XXIII's closing speech made subtle references to Pope Pius IX, and he had expressed the desire to see Pius IX beatified and eventually ca... | When was the next session announced? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"12 November 1962"
]
} |
572805304b864d1900164253 | Pope_John_XXIII | The first session ended in a solemn ceremony on 8 December 1962 with the next session scheduled to occur in 1963 from 12 May to 29 June – this was announced on 12 November 1962. John XXIII's closing speech made subtle references to Pope Pius IX, and he had expressed the desire to see Pius IX beatified and eventually ca... | Who did John XXIII wish to see canonized? | {
"answer_start": [
232
],
"text": [
"Pope Pius IX"
]
} |
572805ad2ca10214002d9bc0 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII offered to mediate between US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. Both men applauded the pope for his deep commitment to peace. Khrushchev would later send a message via Norman Cousins and the letter expressed his best wishes for the pontiff's... | John XXIII offered to mediate between who? | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev"
]
} |
572805ad2ca10214002d9bc1 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII offered to mediate between US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. Both men applauded the pope for his deep commitment to peace. Khrushchev would later send a message via Norman Cousins and the letter expressed his best wishes for the pontiff's... | When was the Cuban Missile Crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
129
],
"text": [
"October 1962"
]
} |
572805ad2ca10214002d9bc2 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII offered to mediate between US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. Both men applauded the pope for his deep commitment to peace. Khrushchev would later send a message via Norman Cousins and the letter expressed his best wishes for the pontiff's... | Who expressed best wishes for the pope's health? | {
"answer_start": [
76
],
"text": [
"Nikita Khrushchev"
]
} |
572805ad2ca10214002d9bc3 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII offered to mediate between US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. Both men applauded the pope for his deep commitment to peace. Khrushchev would later send a message via Norman Cousins and the letter expressed his best wishes for the pontiff's... | John XXIII became the first pope to receive what title? | {
"answer_start": [
507
],
"text": [
"Time magazine's 'Man of the Year'"
]
} |
572805ad2ca10214002d9bc4 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII offered to mediate between US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. Both men applauded the pope for his deep commitment to peace. Khrushchev would later send a message via Norman Cousins and the letter expressed his best wishes for the pontiff's... | Who was the latest pope to hold the title of 'Man of the Year?' | {
"answer_start": [
634
],
"text": [
"Francis"
]
} |
572806282ca10214002d9bd8 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 10 May 1963, John XXIII received the Balzan Prize in private at the Vatican but deflected achievements of himself to the five popes of his lifetime, Pope Leo XIII to Pius XII. On 11 May, the Italian President Antonio Segni officially awarded Pope John XXIII with the Balzan Prize for his engagement for peace. While i... | John XXIII received what prize on 10 May 1963? | {
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"Balzan Prize"
]
} |
572806282ca10214002d9bd9 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 10 May 1963, John XXIII received the Balzan Prize in private at the Vatican but deflected achievements of himself to the five popes of his lifetime, Pope Leo XIII to Pius XII. On 11 May, the Italian President Antonio Segni officially awarded Pope John XXIII with the Balzan Prize for his engagement for peace. While i... | When did John XXIII receive the Balzan Prize? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"10 May 1963"
]
} |
572806282ca10214002d9bda | Pope_John_XXIII | On 10 May 1963, John XXIII received the Balzan Prize in private at the Vatican but deflected achievements of himself to the five popes of his lifetime, Pope Leo XIII to Pius XII. On 11 May, the Italian President Antonio Segni officially awarded Pope John XXIII with the Balzan Prize for his engagement for peace. While i... | Who officially awarded the pope the Balzan Prize? | {
"answer_start": [
194
],
"text": [
"Italian President Antonio Segni"
]
} |
572806282ca10214002d9bdb | Pope_John_XXIII | On 10 May 1963, John XXIII received the Balzan Prize in private at the Vatican but deflected achievements of himself to the five popes of his lifetime, Pope Leo XIII to Pius XII. On 11 May, the Italian President Antonio Segni officially awarded Pope John XXIII with the Balzan Prize for his engagement for peace. While i... | Where did he receive the Balzan Prize? | {
"answer_start": [
456
],
"text": [
"the Quirinal Palace"
]
} |
572806953acd2414000df287 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 25 May 1963, the pope suffered another haemorrhage and required several blood transfusions, but the cancer had perforated the stomach wall and peritonitis soon set in. The doctors conferred in a decision regarding this matter and John XXIII's aide Loris F. Capovilla broke the news to him saying that the cancer had d... | What did the pope suffer on 25 May 1963? | {
"answer_start": [
42
],
"text": [
"haemorrhage"
]
} |
572806953acd2414000df288 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 25 May 1963, the pope suffered another haemorrhage and required several blood transfusions, but the cancer had perforated the stomach wall and peritonitis soon set in. The doctors conferred in a decision regarding this matter and John XXIII's aide Loris F. Capovilla broke the news to him saying that the cancer had d... | Who broke the news to John XXIII about his cancer? | {
"answer_start": [
251
],
"text": [
"Loris F. Capovilla"
]
} |
572806953acd2414000df289 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 25 May 1963, the pope suffered another haemorrhage and required several blood transfusions, but the cancer had perforated the stomach wall and peritonitis soon set in. The doctors conferred in a decision regarding this matter and John XXIII's aide Loris F. Capovilla broke the news to him saying that the cancer had d... | When was it clear that the cancer had overcome the resistance of John XXIII? | {
"answer_start": [
436
],
"text": [
"31 May"
]
} |
572806fa2ca10214002d9be8 | Pope_John_XXIII | "At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ... | Who was at the dying pope's bedside? | {
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Petrus Canisius Van Lierde"
]
} |
572806fa2ca10214002d9be9 | Pope_John_XXIII | "At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ... | Who was the Papal Sacristan for John XXIII? | {
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Petrus Canisius Van Lierde"
]
} |
572806fa2ca10214002d9bea | Pope_John_XXIII | "At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ... | When did the pope bid farewell? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"11 am"
]
} |
572807672ca10214002d9bee | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped... | What did John XXIII die of? | {
"answer_start": [
19
],
"text": [
"peritonitis"
]
} |
572807672ca10214002d9bef | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped... | What day did he die? | {
"answer_start": [
85
],
"text": [
"3 June 1963"
]
} |
572807672ca10214002d9bf0 | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped... | How old was John XXIII upon his death? | {
"answer_start": [
111
],
"text": [
"81"
]
} |
572807672ca10214002d9bf1 | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped... | Who celebrated his Mass for him in the square below? | {
"answer_start": [
262
],
"text": [
"Luigi Traglia"
]
} |
572807672ca10214002d9bf2 | Pope_John_XXIII | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped... | What day was he buried? | {
"answer_start": [
485
],
"text": [
"6 June"
]
} |
572807c9ff5b5019007d9b5c | Pope_John_XXIII | On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America. In his speech on 6 December 1963, Johnson said: "I have also determi... | Who posthumously awarded his the Presidential Medal of Freedom? | {
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"US President Lyndon B. Johnson"
]
} |
572807c9ff5b5019007d9b5d | Pope_John_XXIII | On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America. In his speech on 6 December 1963, Johnson said: "I have also determi... | When did President Johnson award him? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"3 December 1963"
]
} |
572807c9ff5b5019007d9b5e | Pope_John_XXIII | On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America. In his speech on 6 December 1963, Johnson said: "I have also determi... | What is the Presidential Medal Freedom? | {
"answer_start": [
111
],
"text": [
"the United States' highest civilian award"
]
} |
572807c9ff5b5019007d9b5f | Pope_John_XXIII | On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America. In his speech on 6 December 1963, Johnson said: "I have also determi... | When was President Johnson's speech for John XXIII? | {
"answer_start": [
269
],
"text": [
"6 December 1963"
]
} |
572808403acd2414000df2cb | Pope_John_XXIII | He was known affectionately as "Good Pope John". His cause for canonization was opened under Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council on 18 November 1965, along with the cause of Pope Pius XII. On 3 September 2000, John XXIII was declared "Blessed" alongside Pope Pius IX by Pope John Paul II,... | What was he also known as? | {
"answer_start": [
32
],
"text": [
"Good Pope John"
]
} |
572808403acd2414000df2cc | Pope_John_XXIII | He was known affectionately as "Good Pope John". His cause for canonization was opened under Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council on 18 November 1965, along with the cause of Pope Pius XII. On 3 September 2000, John XXIII was declared "Blessed" alongside Pope Pius IX by Pope John Paul II,... | Who opened his cause for canonization? | {
"answer_start": [
93
],
"text": [
"Pope Paul VI"
]
} |
572808403acd2414000df2cd | Pope_John_XXIII | He was known affectionately as "Good Pope John". His cause for canonization was opened under Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council on 18 November 1965, along with the cause of Pope Pius XII. On 3 September 2000, John XXIII was declared "Blessed" alongside Pope Pius IX by Pope John Paul II,... | When was Pope John XXIII considered "blessed?" | {
"answer_start": [
224
],
"text": [
"3 September 2000"
]
} |
572808403acd2414000df2ce | Pope_John_XXIII | He was known affectionately as "Good Pope John". His cause for canonization was opened under Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council on 18 November 1965, along with the cause of Pope Pius XII. On 3 September 2000, John XXIII was declared "Blessed" alongside Pope Pius IX by Pope John Paul II,... | Who declared him "blessed?" | {
"answer_start": [
302
],
"text": [
"Pope John Paul II"
]
} |
572808403acd2414000df2cf | Pope_John_XXIII | He was known affectionately as "Good Pope John". His cause for canonization was opened under Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council on 18 November 1965, along with the cause of Pope Pius XII. On 3 September 2000, John XXIII was declared "Blessed" alongside Pope Pius IX by Pope John Paul II,... | Who was the last pope before John XXIII to receive the title? | {
"answer_start": [
450
],
"text": [
"Pope Pius X"
]
} |
572808cd2ca10214002d9c1e | Pope_John_XXIII | The 50th anniversary of his death was celebrated on 3 June 2013 by Pope Francis, who visited his tomb and prayed there, then addressing the gathered crowd and spoke about the late pope. The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from. A month later, on 5 July 201... | When was the 50th anniversary of his death? | {
"answer_start": [
52
],
"text": [
"3 June 2013"
]
} |
572808cd2ca10214002d9c1f | Pope_John_XXIII | The 50th anniversary of his death was celebrated on 3 June 2013 by Pope Francis, who visited his tomb and prayed there, then addressing the gathered crowd and spoke about the late pope. The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from. A month later, on 5 July 201... | Who celebrated his 50th anniversary? | {
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"Pope Francis"
]
} |
572808cd2ca10214002d9c20 | Pope_John_XXIII | The 50th anniversary of his death was celebrated on 3 June 2013 by Pope Francis, who visited his tomb and prayed there, then addressing the gathered crowd and spoke about the late pope. The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from. A month later, on 5 July 201... | Where were the people gathered at his tomb from? | {
"answer_start": [
239
],
"text": [
"Bergamo"
]
} |
572808cd2ca10214002d9c21 | Pope_John_XXIII | The 50th anniversary of his death was celebrated on 3 June 2013 by Pope Francis, who visited his tomb and prayed there, then addressing the gathered crowd and spoke about the late pope. The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from. A month later, on 5 July 201... | When did Francis approve John XXIII for canonization? | {
"answer_start": [
310
],
"text": [
"5 July 2013"
]
} |
572808cd2ca10214002d9c22 | Pope_John_XXIII | The 50th anniversary of his death was celebrated on 3 June 2013 by Pope Francis, who visited his tomb and prayed there, then addressing the gathered crowd and spoke about the late pope. The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from. A month later, on 5 July 201... | On what date was John XXIII and Pope John Paul II declared saints? | {
"answer_start": [
547
],
"text": [
"Sunday, 27 April 2014"
]
} |
5727f2e6ff5b5019007d9904 | Time | Time has long been a major subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science, but defining it in a manner applicable to all fields without circularity has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion ... | Time has long been a major point of study in which fields? | {
"answer_start": [
47
],
"text": [
"religion, philosophy, and science"
]
} |
5727f2e6ff5b5019007d9905 | Time | Time has long been a major subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science, but defining it in a manner applicable to all fields without circularity has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion ... | Fields such as business, industry, sports, science, and performing arts incorporate some notion of what into their measuring systems? | {
"answer_start": [
323
],
"text": [
"time"
]
} |
5727f2e6ff5b5019007d9906 | Time | Time has long been a major subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science, but defining it in a manner applicable to all fields without circularity has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion ... | What is an example of a simple definition of time? | {
"answer_start": [
410
],
"text": [
"time is what clocks measure"
]
} |
5727f4402ca10214002d9a2c | Time | Two contrasting viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe—a dimension independent of events, in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian tim... | According to one of the main viewpoints of time, time is part of the fundamental structure of what? | {
"answer_start": [
133
],
"text": [
"the universe"
]
} |
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