id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5727f4402ca10214002d9a2d | Time | Two contrasting viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe—a dimension independent of events, in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian tim... | The realist view of time is sometimes referred to as what? | {
"answer_start": [
307
],
"text": [
"Newtonian time"
]
} |
5727f4402ca10214002d9a2e | Time | Two contrasting viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe—a dimension independent of events, in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian tim... | What does the opposing view of time believe time is a part of? | {
"answer_start": [
499
],
"text": [
"a fundamental intellectual structure"
]
} |
5727f6982ca10214002d9a56 | Time | Time is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities in both the International System of Units and International System of Quantities. Time is used to define other quantities—such as velocity—so defining time in terms of such quantities would result in circularity of definition. An operational definition of time, w... | Time is one of how many fundamental physical quantities? | {
"answer_start": [
19
],
"text": [
"seven"
]
} |
5727f6982ca10214002d9a57 | Time | Time is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities in both the International System of Units and International System of Quantities. Time is used to define other quantities—such as velocity—so defining time in terms of such quantities would result in circularity of definition. An operational definition of time, w... | Time is one of the fundamental physical quantities in which two systems? | {
"answer_start": [
65
],
"text": [
"the International System of Units and International System of Quantities"
]
} |
5727f6982ca10214002d9a58 | Time | Time is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities in both the International System of Units and International System of Quantities. Time is used to define other quantities—such as velocity—so defining time in terms of such quantities would result in circularity of definition. An operational definition of time, w... | What is an example of a quantity that time is used to define, mentioned in the paragraph? | {
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"velocity"
]
} |
5727f6982ca10214002d9a59 | Time | Time is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities in both the International System of Units and International System of Quantities. Time is used to define other quantities—such as velocity—so defining time in terms of such quantities would result in circularity of definition. An operational definition of time, w... | Investigations of what brought questions of space into questions about time? | {
"answer_start": [
813
],
"text": [
"a single continuum called spacetime"
]
} |
5727f940ff5b5019007d99a0 | Time | Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in navigation and astronomy. Periodic events and periodic motion have long served as standards for units of time. Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, an... | What has been a prime motivation in astronomy and navigation? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Temporal measurement"
]
} |
5727f940ff5b5019007d99a1 | Time | Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in navigation and astronomy. Periodic events and periodic motion have long served as standards for units of time. Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, an... | Periodic events and periodic motion have served as standards for what? | {
"answer_start": [
120
],
"text": [
"Periodic events and periodic motion"
]
} |
5727f940ff5b5019007d99a2 | Time | Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in navigation and astronomy. Periodic events and periodic motion have long served as standards for units of time. Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, an... | What is the current international unit of time? | {
"answer_start": [
386
],
"text": [
"the second"
]
} |
5727f940ff5b5019007d99a3 | Time | Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in navigation and astronomy. Periodic events and periodic motion have long served as standards for units of time. Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, an... | The electronic transition frequency of which element defines the second? | {
"answer_start": [
461
],
"text": [
"caesium atoms"
]
} |
5727f940ff5b5019007d99a4 | Time | Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in navigation and astronomy. Periodic events and periodic motion have long served as standards for units of time. Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, an... | Time has personal value due to awareness of it's limited nature in what? | {
"answer_start": [
645
],
"text": [
"each day and in human life spans"
]
} |
5727fa0aff5b5019007d99b4 | Time | Temporal measurement, chronometry, takes two distinct period forms: the calendar, a mathematical tool for organizing intervals of time, and the clock, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day whereas the calendar is consulted for period... | What is a mathematical tool used for organizing intervals of time? | {
"answer_start": [
68
],
"text": [
"the calendar"
]
} |
5727fa0aff5b5019007d99b5 | Time | Temporal measurement, chronometry, takes two distinct period forms: the calendar, a mathematical tool for organizing intervals of time, and the clock, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day whereas the calendar is consulted for period... | What is a physical tool that tracks the passage of time? | {
"answer_start": [
140
],
"text": [
"the clock"
]
} |
5727fa0aff5b5019007d99b6 | Time | Temporal measurement, chronometry, takes two distinct period forms: the calendar, a mathematical tool for organizing intervals of time, and the clock, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day whereas the calendar is consulted for period... | Which tool is used in day to day life? | {
"answer_start": [
225
],
"text": [
"the clock"
]
} |
5727fa0aff5b5019007d99b7 | Time | Temporal measurement, chronometry, takes two distinct period forms: the calendar, a mathematical tool for organizing intervals of time, and the clock, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day whereas the calendar is consulted for period... | Which tool is used in periods longer than a day? | {
"answer_start": [
284
],
"text": [
"the calendar"
]
} |
5727fa0aff5b5019007d99b8 | Time | Temporal measurement, chronometry, takes two distinct period forms: the calendar, a mathematical tool for organizing intervals of time, and the clock, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day whereas the calendar is consulted for period... | How is the number that marks the occurrence of an event obtained? | {
"answer_start": [
555
],
"text": [
"by counting from a fiducial epoch—a central reference point"
]
} |
5727fb093acd2414000df15b | Time | Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on ... | Artifacts from which era suggest that the moon was used to reckon time around 6,000 years ago? | {
"answer_start": [
15
],
"text": [
"the Paleolithic"
]
} |
5727fb093acd2414000df15c | Time | Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on ... | Which calendars were among the first to appear? | {
"answer_start": [
106
],
"text": [
"Lunar calendars"
]
} |
5727fb093acd2414000df15d | Time | Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on ... | How long were the original lunar calendars? | {
"answer_start": [
154
],
"text": [
"either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days)"
]
} |
5727fb093acd2414000df15e | Time | Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on ... | Where did some of the other early forms of calendars originate? | {
"answer_start": [
715
],
"text": [
"Mesoamerica"
]
} |
5727fb093acd2414000df15f | Time | Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on ... | How many months were in a year in the original Mayan calendars? | {
"answer_start": [
836
],
"text": [
"18"
]
} |
5727fc1f3acd2414000df17b | Time | The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC). They could be used to measure the hours even at night, but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The Ancient Greeks and the peop... | What was the most accurate clock-like device in the ancient world? | {
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"the water clock, or clepsydra"
]
} |
5727fc1f3acd2414000df17c | Time | The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC). They could be used to measure the hours even at night, but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The Ancient Greeks and the peop... | A clepsyrda was found in the tomb of which Pharaoh? | {
"answer_start": [
130
],
"text": [
"Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep"
]
} |
5727fc1f3acd2414000df17d | Time | The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC). They could be used to measure the hours even at night, but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The Ancient Greeks and the peop... | Which inventors made significant improvements on the water clock up until the Middle Ages? | {
"answer_start": [
461
],
"text": [
"Arab inventors"
]
} |
5727fc1f3acd2414000df17e | Time | The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC). They could be used to measure the hours even at night, but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The Ancient Greeks and the peop... | Which engineers came up with the first mechanical clocks? | {
"answer_start": [
593
],
"text": [
"Chinese"
]
} |
5727fc1f3acd2414000df17f | Time | The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC). They could be used to measure the hours even at night, but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The Ancient Greeks and the peop... | When were the first mechanical clocks created? | {
"answer_start": [
575
],
"text": [
"the 11th century"
]
} |
5727fcf24b864d190016416a | Time | The hourglass uses the flow of sand to measure the flow of time. They were used in navigation. Ferdinand Magellan used 18 glasses on each ship for his circumnavigation of the globe (1522). Incense sticks and candles were, and are, commonly used to measure time in temples and churches across the globe. Waterclocks, and ... | Which device uses the flow of sand to measure time? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"The hourglass"
]
} |
5727fcf24b864d190016416b | Time | The hourglass uses the flow of sand to measure the flow of time. They were used in navigation. Ferdinand Magellan used 18 glasses on each ship for his circumnavigation of the globe (1522). Incense sticks and candles were, and are, commonly used to measure time in temples and churches across the globe. Waterclocks, and ... | How many hourglasses did Magellan use on each ship during his famous voyage across the globe? | {
"answer_start": [
119
],
"text": [
"18"
]
} |
5727fcf24b864d190016416c | Time | The hourglass uses the flow of sand to measure the flow of time. They were used in navigation. Ferdinand Magellan used 18 glasses on each ship for his circumnavigation of the globe (1522). Incense sticks and candles were, and are, commonly used to measure time in temples and churches across the globe. Waterclocks, and ... | What method did temples and churches use to measure time? | {
"answer_start": [
189
],
"text": [
"Incense sticks and candles"
]
} |
5727fcf24b864d190016416d | Time | The hourglass uses the flow of sand to measure the flow of time. They were used in navigation. Ferdinand Magellan used 18 glasses on each ship for his circumnavigation of the globe (1522). Incense sticks and candles were, and are, commonly used to measure time in temples and churches across the globe. Waterclocks, and ... | Which abbot of St. Alban's abbey built a mechanical clock around 1330? | {
"answer_start": [
425
],
"text": [
"Richard of Wallingford"
]
} |
5727fcf24b864d190016416e | Time | The hourglass uses the flow of sand to measure the flow of time. They were used in navigation. Ferdinand Magellan used 18 glasses on each ship for his circumnavigation of the globe (1522). Incense sticks and candles were, and are, commonly used to measure time in temples and churches across the globe. Waterclocks, and ... | Who is credited with the invention of the minute hand? | {
"answer_start": [
756
],
"text": [
"Jost Burgi."
]
} |
5727fdb7ff5b5019007d9a56 | Time | The most accurate timekeeping devices are atomic clocks, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. Atomic clocks use the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the most common atoms used is cae... | Which timekeeping devices are the most accurate? | {
"answer_start": [
42
],
"text": [
"atomic clocks"
]
} |
5727fdb7ff5b5019007d9a57 | Time | The most accurate timekeeping devices are atomic clocks, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. Atomic clocks use the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the most common atoms used is cae... | What method do atomic clocks use to measure seconds? | {
"answer_start": [
200
],
"text": [
"the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms"
]
} |
5727fdb7ff5b5019007d9a58 | Time | The most accurate timekeeping devices are atomic clocks, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. Atomic clocks use the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the most common atoms used is cae... | Which system bases its unit of time on the properties of caesium? | {
"answer_start": [
451
],
"text": [
"the International System of Measurements"
]
} |
5727fdb7ff5b5019007d9a59 | Time | The most accurate timekeeping devices are atomic clocks, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. Atomic clocks use the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the most common atoms used is cae... | How long has the International System of Measurements based the second on caesium? | {
"answer_start": [
439
],
"text": [
"Since 1967"
]
} |
5727feae3acd2414000df197 | Time | Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is an older standard, adopted starting with British railways in 1847. Using telescopes instead of atomic clocks, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in the UK. Universal Time (UT) is the modern term for the international telescope-based system, adopted... | Which standard of time started with British Railways? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Greenwich Mean Time"
]
} |
5727feae3acd2414000df198 | Time | Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is an older standard, adopted starting with British railways in 1847. Using telescopes instead of atomic clocks, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in the UK. Universal Time (UT) is the modern term for the international telescope-based system, adopted... | When was GMT adopted by British Railways? | {
"answer_start": [
90
],
"text": [
"1847"
]
} |
5727feae3acd2414000df199 | Time | Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is an older standard, adopted starting with British railways in 1847. Using telescopes instead of atomic clocks, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in the UK. Universal Time (UT) is the modern term for the international telescope-based system, adopted... | GMT used what instead of atomic clocks? | {
"answer_start": [
102
],
"text": [
"telescopes"
]
} |
5727feae3acd2414000df19a | Time | Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is an older standard, adopted starting with British railways in 1847. Using telescopes instead of atomic clocks, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in the UK. Universal Time (UT) is the modern term for the international telescope-based system, adopted... | When did observations at the Greenwich Observatory cease? | {
"answer_start": [
462
],
"text": [
"1954"
]
} |
5727feae3acd2414000df19b | Time | Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is an older standard, adopted starting with British railways in 1847. Using telescopes instead of atomic clocks, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in the UK. Universal Time (UT) is the modern term for the international telescope-based system, adopted... | The terms GMT and Greenwich Mean Time are also used informally to refer to what? | {
"answer_start": [
849
],
"text": [
"UT or UTC"
]
} |
5727ffab3acd2414000df1c7 | Time | Two distinct viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a dimension in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. An opposing view is th... | How many main viewpoints divide many philosophers? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Two"
]
} |
5727ffab3acd2414000df1c8 | Time | Two distinct viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a dimension in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. An opposing view is th... | The realist view states that time is part of the fundamental structure of what? | {
"answer_start": [
130
],
"text": [
"the universe"
]
} |
5727ffab3acd2414000df1c9 | Time | Two distinct viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a dimension in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. An opposing view is th... | The realist view is sometimes referred to as what? | {
"answer_start": [
282
],
"text": [
"Newtonian time"
]
} |
5727ffab3acd2414000df1ca | Time | Two distinct viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a dimension in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. An opposing view is th... | The opposing view states that time is an intellectual concept that allows people to what? | {
"answer_start": [
558
],
"text": [
"to sequence and compare events"
]
} |
5728009a2ca10214002d9b1c | Time | The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including... | What are the earliest texts of Indian/Hindu philosophy? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"The Vedas"
]
} |
5728009a2ca10214002d9b1d | Time | The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including... | How long ago are the earliest texts of Indian/Hindu philosophy dated? | {
"answer_start": [
79
],
"text": [
"back to the late 2nd millennium BC"
]
} |
5728009a2ca10214002d9b1e | Time | The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including... | How long does each cycle of birth and destruction of the universe last according to Ancient Hindu texts? | {
"answer_start": [
262
],
"text": [
"4,320 million years"
]
} |
5728009a2ca10214002d9b1f | Time | The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including... | Which ancient Greek philosophers wrote essays on the concept of time? | {
"answer_start": [
321
],
"text": [
"Parmenides and Heraclitus"
]
} |
5728009a2ca10214002d9b20 | Time | The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including... | Aristotle defined time as "number of movement in respect of the before and after" in which book? | {
"answer_start": [
487
],
"text": [
"Book IV of his Physica"
]
} |
572803422ca10214002d9b74 | Time | In Book 11 of his Confessions, St. Augustine of Hippo ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He begins to define time by what it is not rather than what it is, an approach similar to that taken in other negative de... | Who commented on the nature of time in Book 11 of his confessions? | {
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"St. Augustine of Hippo"
]
} |
572803422ca10214002d9b75 | Time | In Book 11 of his Confessions, St. Augustine of Hippo ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He begins to define time by what it is not rather than what it is, an approach similar to that taken in other negative de... | By what does St. Augustine of Hippo begin to define time? | {
"answer_start": [
224
],
"text": [
"by what it is not rather than what it is"
]
} |
572803422ca10214002d9b76 | Time | In Book 11 of his Confessions, St. Augustine of Hippo ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He begins to define time by what it is not rather than what it is, an approach similar to that taken in other negative de... | What does Augustine call time in Confessions 11.26? | {
"answer_start": [
371
],
"text": [
"a “distention” of the mind"
]
} |
572804792ca10214002d9b9e | Time | Immanuel Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, described time as an a priori intuition that allows us (together with the other a priori intuition, space) to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that nece... | In what did Immanuel Kant describe time as a priori intuition that allows humankind to understand sense experience? | {
"answer_start": [
18
],
"text": [
"the Critique of Pure Reason"
]
} |
572804792ca10214002d9b9f | Time | Immanuel Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, described time as an a priori intuition that allows us (together with the other a priori intuition, space) to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that nece... | What did Kant portray space and time to be? | {
"answer_start": [
260
],
"text": [
"both are elements of a systematic mental framework"
]
} |
572804792ca10214002d9ba0 | Time | Immanuel Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, described time as an a priori intuition that allows us (together with the other a priori intuition, space) to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that nece... | Kant thought of time as a fundamental part of what? | {
"answer_start": [
446
],
"text": [
"an abstract conceptual framework"
]
} |
572804792ca10214002d9ba1 | Time | Immanuel Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, described time as an a priori intuition that allows us (together with the other a priori intuition, space) to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that nece... | What type of measurements are used to quantify the duration of events? | {
"answer_start": [
833
],
"text": [
"temporal measurements"
]
} |
572804792ca10214002d9ba2 | Time | Immanuel Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, described time as an a priori intuition that allows us (together with the other a priori intuition, space) to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that nece... | What type of measurements are used to quantify the distances between objects? | {
"answer_start": [
742
],
"text": [
"Spatial measurements"
]
} |
5728076e4b864d1900164282 | Time | According to Martin Heidegger we do not exist inside time, we are time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of having been, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the... | Who suggested that humankind does not exist inside time, but is time? | {
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"Martin Heidegger"
]
} |
5728076e4b864d1900164283 | Time | According to Martin Heidegger we do not exist inside time, we are time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of having been, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the... | The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating what? | {
"answer_start": [
254
],
"text": [
"a potential possibility, task, or engagement"
]
} |
5728076e4b864d1900164284 | Time | According to Martin Heidegger we do not exist inside time, we are time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of having been, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the... | What is considered a qualitative experience rather than a quantitative one? | {
"answer_start": [
546
],
"text": [
"The present"
]
} |
5728076e4b864d1900164285 | Time | According to Martin Heidegger we do not exist inside time, we are time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of having been, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the... | According to Heidegger, what can we do, in our thoughts? | {
"answer_start": [
955
],
"text": [
"step out of (ecstasis) sequential time."
]
} |
572808863acd2414000df2d5 | Time | The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure... | Minkowski spacetime combines the three dimensions of space with what? | {
"answer_start": [
158
],
"text": [
"a single dimension of time"
]
} |
572808863acd2414000df2d6 | Time | The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure... | In Minkowski spacetime, how can distances in space be measured? | {
"answer_start": [
240
],
"text": [
"by how long light takes to travel that distance"
]
} |
572808863acd2414000df2d7 | Time | The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure... | What are two events in Minkowski spacetime separated by? | {
"answer_start": [
472
],
"text": [
"by an invariant interval"
]
} |
572808863acd2414000df2d8 | Time | The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure... | The invariant interval between events is independent of what? | {
"answer_start": [
1068
],
"text": [
"of the observer (and his velocity)"
]
} |
572808863acd2414000df2d9 | Time | The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure... | The invariant interval that separates two events in Minkowski spacetime can either be what? | {
"answer_start": [
518
],
"text": [
"space-like, light-like, or time-like"
]
} |
572809fd4b864d19001642c2 | Time | In non-relativistic classical mechanics, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently we... | What Newtonian concept can be used in the formulation of an idea for the synchronization of clocks? | {
"answer_start": [
50
],
"text": [
"concept of \"relative, apparent, and common time\""
]
} |
572809fd4b864d19001642c3 | Time | In non-relativistic classical mechanics, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently we... | In which century did physicists encounter problems with the understanding of time? | {
"answer_start": [
393
],
"text": [
"the late nineteenth century"
]
} |
572809fd4b864d19001642c4 | Time | In non-relativistic classical mechanics, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently we... | The behavior of which two phenomena caused physicists to encounter problems with their understanding of time in the late 19th century? | {
"answer_start": [
515
],
"text": [
"the behavior of electricity and magnetism"
]
} |
572809fd4b864d19001642c5 | Time | In non-relativistic classical mechanics, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently we... | Which famous scientist resolved these issues? | {
"answer_start": [
558
],
"text": [
"Einstein"
]
} |
57280b472ca10214002d9c70 | Time | Time has historically been closely related with space, the two together merging into spacetime in Einstein's special relativity and general relativity. According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception as well as the measurement by instrume... | Historically, time has been closely related with what? | {
"answer_start": [
48
],
"text": [
"space"
]
} |
57280b472ca10214002d9c71 | Time | Time has historically been closely related with space, the two together merging into spacetime in Einstein's special relativity and general relativity. According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception as well as the measurement by instrume... | In which of Einstein's two theories do time and space merge into spacetime? | {
"answer_start": [
109
],
"text": [
"special relativity and general relativity"
]
} |
57280b472ca10214002d9c72 | Time | Time has historically been closely related with space, the two together merging into spacetime in Einstein's special relativity and general relativity. According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception as well as the measurement by instrume... | According to Einsteins two relativity theories, the concept of time depends on what? | {
"answer_start": [
212
],
"text": [
"the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception"
]
} |
57280b472ca10214002d9c73 | Time | Time has historically been closely related with space, the two together merging into spacetime in Einstein's special relativity and general relativity. According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception as well as the measurement by instrume... | A crew in a spaceship travelling nearly the speed of light will not notice the change in what? | {
"answer_start": [
523
],
"text": [
"in the speed of time on board their vessel"
]
} |
57280b472ca10214002d9c74 | Time | Time has historically been closely related with space, the two together merging into spacetime in Einstein's special relativity and general relativity. According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the spatial reference frame of the observer, and the human perception as well as the measurement by instrume... | How will the above mentioned spaceship appear to a stationary observer? | {
"answer_start": [
794
],
"text": [
"the spaceship appears flattened in the direction it is traveling"
]
} |
57280c162ca10214002d9ca0 | Time | On the other hand, the crew on board the spaceship also perceives the observer as slowed down and flattened along the spaceship's direction of travel, because both are moving at very nearly the speed of light relative to each other. Because the outside universe appears flattened to the spaceship, the crew perceives the... | How does the crew on board the spaceship perceive the stationary observer? | {
"answer_start": [
82
],
"text": [
"slowed down and flattened along the spaceship's direction of travel"
]
} |
57280c162ca10214002d9ca1 | Time | On the other hand, the crew on board the spaceship also perceives the observer as slowed down and flattened along the spaceship's direction of travel, because both are moving at very nearly the speed of light relative to each other. Because the outside universe appears flattened to the spaceship, the crew perceives the... | The crew's perception of what is different from a stationary observer? | {
"answer_start": [
497
],
"text": [
"time"
]
} |
57280c162ca10214002d9ca2 | Time | On the other hand, the crew on board the spaceship also perceives the observer as slowed down and flattened along the spaceship's direction of travel, because both are moving at very nearly the speed of light relative to each other. Because the outside universe appears flattened to the spaceship, the crew perceives the... | What the crew perceives as seconds might be seen as how long to a stationary observer? | {
"answer_start": [
592
],
"text": [
"hundreds of years"
]
} |
57280c162ca10214002d9ca3 | Time | On the other hand, the crew on board the spaceship also perceives the observer as slowed down and flattened along the spaceship's direction of travel, because both are moving at very nearly the speed of light relative to each other. Because the outside universe appears flattened to the spaceship, the crew perceives the... | What remains unchanged in both the cases of the spaceship crew and of the stationary observer? | {
"answer_start": [
663
],
"text": [
"causality"
]
} |
57280da6ff5b5019007d9bd4 | Time | Einstein showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on cause and effect, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human... | Who showed, in his thought experiments, that people travelling at different speeds measured time differently? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Einstein"
]
} |
57280da6ff5b5019007d9bd5 | Time | Einstein showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on cause and effect, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human... | In what case do these effects become much more noticeable? | {
"answer_start": [
373
],
"text": [
"for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light."
]
} |
57280da6ff5b5019007d9bd6 | Time | Einstein showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on cause and effect, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human... | How long do most subatomic particles exist for in a lab? | {
"answer_start": [
474
],
"text": [
"a fixed fraction of a second"
]
} |
57280da6ff5b5019007d9bd7 | Time | Einstein showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on cause and effect, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human... | Einstein showed how what could be altered by high speed motion? | {
"answer_start": [
1109
],
"text": [
"both temporal and spatial dimensions"
]
} |
57280e8c2ca10214002d9cce | Time | Time appears to have a direction—the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet for the most part the laws of physics do not specify an arrow of time, and allow any process to proceed both forward and in reverse. This is generally a consequence of time being mod... | What laws do not specify an arrow of time? | {
"answer_start": [
156
],
"text": [
"the laws of physics"
]
} |
57280e8c2ca10214002d9cd2 | Time | Time appears to have a direction—the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet for the most part the laws of physics do not specify an arrow of time, and allow any process to proceed both forward and in reverse. This is generally a consequence of time being mod... | The standard description of measurement in quantum mechanics is what? | {
"answer_start": [
998
],
"text": [
"time asymmetric"
]
} |
57280e8c2ca10214002d9ccf | Time | Time appears to have a direction—the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet for the most part the laws of physics do not specify an arrow of time, and allow any process to proceed both forward and in reverse. This is generally a consequence of time being mod... | The direction of the arrow of time is sometimes what? | {
"answer_start": [
451
],
"text": [
"arbitrary"
]
} |
57280e8c2ca10214002d9cd0 | Time | Time appears to have a direction—the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet for the most part the laws of physics do not specify an arrow of time, and allow any process to proceed both forward and in reverse. This is generally a consequence of time being mod... | Which law states that entropy must increase over time? | {
"answer_start": [
487
],
"text": [
"the Second law of thermodynamics,"
]
} |
57280e8c2ca10214002d9cd1 | Time | Time appears to have a direction—the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet for the most part the laws of physics do not specify an arrow of time, and allow any process to proceed both forward and in reverse. This is generally a consequence of time being mod... | The violation of what implies that there should be a small counterbalancing time asymmetry? | {
"answer_start": [
806
],
"text": [
"CP symmetry"
]
} |
57280f51ff5b5019007d9c13 | Time | Stephen Hawking in particular has addressed a connection between time and the Big Bang. In A Brief History of Time and elsewhere, Hawking says that even if time did not begin with the Big Bang and there were another time frame before the Big Bang, no information from events then would be accessible to us, and nothing t... | In which publication does Hawking say that any events that existed before the Big Bang would not be accessible to us? | {
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"A Brief History of Time"
]
} |
57280f51ff5b5019007d9c12 | Time | Stephen Hawking in particular has addressed a connection between time and the Big Bang. In A Brief History of Time and elsewhere, Hawking says that even if time did not begin with the Big Bang and there were another time frame before the Big Bang, no information from events then would be accessible to us, and nothing t... | Stephen Hawking makes a connection between time and what? | {
"answer_start": [
74
],
"text": [
"the Big Bang"
]
} |
57280f51ff5b5019007d9c14 | Time | Stephen Hawking in particular has addressed a connection between time and the Big Bang. In A Brief History of Time and elsewhere, Hawking says that even if time did not begin with the Big Bang and there were another time frame before the Big Bang, no information from events then would be accessible to us, and nothing t... | What does Hawking suggest started with the big bang? | {
"answer_start": [
428
],
"text": [
"time"
]
} |
57280f51ff5b5019007d9c15 | Time | Stephen Hawking in particular has addressed a connection between time and the Big Bang. In A Brief History of Time and elsewhere, Hawking says that even if time did not begin with the Big Bang and there were another time frame before the Big Bang, no information from events then would be accessible to us, and nothing t... | Hawking also states that questions about what happened before the Big Bang are what? | {
"answer_start": [
530
],
"text": [
"meaningless"
]
} |
57280f51ff5b5019007d9c16 | Time | Stephen Hawking in particular has addressed a connection between time and the Big Bang. In A Brief History of Time and elsewhere, Hawking says that even if time did not begin with the Big Bang and there were another time frame before the Big Bang, no information from events then would be accessible to us, and nothing t... | Which philosopher has criticized Hawking's formulation? | {
"answer_start": [
646
],
"text": [
"Aristotelian philosopher Mortimer J. Adler"
]
} |
57280fe04b864d190016437a | Time | While the Big Bang model is well established in cosmology, it is likely to be refined in the future. Little is known about the earliest moments of the universe's history. The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems require the existence of a singularity at the beginning of cosmic time. However, these theorems assume that ... | The Big Bang model is solidly established in what? | {
"answer_start": [
48
],
"text": [
"cosmology"
]
} |
57280fe04b864d190016437b | Time | While the Big Bang model is well established in cosmology, it is likely to be refined in the future. Little is known about the earliest moments of the universe's history. The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems require the existence of a singularity at the beginning of cosmic time. However, these theorems assume that ... | How much is known about the early states of the universe? | {
"answer_start": [
247
],
"text": [
"i"
]
} |
57280fe04b864d190016437c | Time | While the Big Bang model is well established in cosmology, it is likely to be refined in the future. Little is known about the earliest moments of the universe's history. The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems require the existence of a singularity at the beginning of cosmic time. However, these theorems assume that ... | Which theorems require the existence of a singularity at the beginning of time? | {
"answer_start": [
171
],
"text": [
"The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems"
]
} |
57280fe04b864d190016437d | Time | While the Big Bang model is well established in cosmology, it is likely to be refined in the future. Little is known about the earliest moments of the universe's history. The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems require the existence of a singularity at the beginning of cosmic time. However, these theorems assume that ... | These theorems have to assume what theory is correct? | {
"answer_start": [
320
],
"text": [
"general relativity"
]
} |
57280fe04b864d190016437e | Time | While the Big Bang model is well established in cosmology, it is likely to be refined in the future. Little is known about the earliest moments of the universe's history. The Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems require the existence of a singularity at the beginning of cosmic time. However, these theorems assume that ... | These theorems state that general relatively must break down before what? | {
"answer_start": [
390
],
"text": [
"before the universe reaches the Planck temperature"
]
} |
572810763acd2414000df38d | Time | Time travel is the concept of moving backwards or forwards to different points in time, in a manner analogous to moving through space, and different from the normal "flow" of time to an earthbound observer. In this view, all points in time (including future times) "persist" in some way. Time travel has been a plot devi... | How long has time travel been a topic in science fiction? | {
"answer_start": [
334
],
"text": [
"since the 19th century"
]
} |
572810763acd2414000df38e | Time | Time travel is the concept of moving backwards or forwards to different points in time, in a manner analogous to moving through space, and different from the normal "flow" of time to an earthbound observer. In this view, all points in time (including future times) "persist" in some way. Time travel has been a plot devi... | Traveling which direction in time has never been verified and presents many problems? | {
"answer_start": [
368
],
"text": [
"backwards"
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.