q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 10 300 | selftext stringlengths 0 10.9k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 1
value | answers dict | title_urls dict | selftext_urls dict | answers_urls dict | title_body stringlengths 17 10.9k | embeddings list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1hrw1z | Is it possible to pull your sphincter muscle? If so, what would happen? | I have always been a bit too embarassed to actually ask someone this in real life, so basically, what would happen if you pulled your butthole? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cax9x88",
"caxbds7"
],
"text": [
"It's not really possible to pull (strain) the external anal sphincter. Because it's a ring of muscle its contractile force is applied in all directions and not preferentially in one direction so there is no net strain on any one part of the muscle. Other ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Is it possible to pull your sphincter muscle? If so, what would happen?
I have always been a bit too embarassed to actually ask someone this in real life, so basically, what would happen if you pulled your butthole? | [
0.11587581038475037,
-0.37243562936782837,
0.966316282749176,
-0.5648093819618225,
-0.7994575500488281,
-0.26187044382095337,
0.13517048954963684,
-0.5001417398452759,
1.133052945137024,
0.8656154274940491,
0.9718770980834961,
-0.11913061887025833,
-0.1341114044189453,
0.5030803084373474,
... | |
3e63aa | How could new horizons know when to take pictures ? | This is fascinating- how did it know where and when to take pictures ? And how can we pinpoint new horizons in a territory we know so little about ? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ctbymse"
],
"text": [
"it has two cameras that take pictures of stars. the probe then compares these images with its internal star map and figures out its location.\n\nonce its location and attitude is known, the probe can use gyroscopes and accelerometers to keep further track of its orienta... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | How could new horizons know when to take pictures ?
This is fascinating- how did it know where and when to take pictures ? And how can we pinpoint new horizons in a territory we know so little about ? | [
-0.2301226109266281,
-0.10918185114860535,
0.6069425940513611,
-0.13947425782680511,
-0.16516639292240143,
-0.16150985658168793,
-0.5125240087509155,
-0.5552282333374023,
0.5502577424049377,
0.2999134659767151,
1.3053234815597534,
-0.3944110572338104,
-0.0032732377294451,
0.264239668846130... | |
253ji9 | If I knock out quail with helium before cutting their heads off, does that alter the meat in any way? | I am raising quail for eggs and meat, and I want them to go as peacefully as possible because they are giving me so much. I am just concerned about ruining the meat. I've tried looking it up, but I can't find any resources on it. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"chdyj6a"
],
"text": [
"I totally support you trying to be as pain-free as possible. I do want to discourage you from using any commercially available gas (including helium, carbon dioxide, or nitrogen) to do it with. you would essentially slowly suffocating it by not giving it oxygen. that's ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | If I knock out quail with helium before cutting their heads off, does that alter the meat in any way?
I am raising quail for eggs and meat, and I want them to go as peacefully as possible because they are giving me so much. I am just concerned about ruining the meat. I've tried looking it up, but I can't find any resou... | [
0.1340719610452652,
-0.26551637053489685,
0.012643164023756981,
-0.12419203668832779,
-0.5105360150337219,
0.05554904043674469,
-0.37925198674201965,
-0.8487153053283691,
1.357787013053894,
0.5018875002861023,
0.41208818554878235,
0.9189800024032593,
-1.2736896276474,
0.2567550837993622,
... | |
q9ttc | This man has an insightful question about horses and I, too, am curious | _URL_0_ | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c3vw318",
"c3vwfj3"
],
"text": [
"I'm the one who wrote the original comment. I know the question seems a bit outlandish, but I am genuinely interested in the science behind it.\n\nIf left with no other options will herbivores resort to eating meat?\n\nIf so will they be able to recognize... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskReddit/comments/q9o45/whats_the_silliest_fight_youve_ever_been_in/c3vu92g"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.horsetalk.co.nz/features/meateatinghorses-190.shtml"
]
} | This man has an insightful question about horses and I, too, am curious
_URL_0_ | [
-0.1867610216140747,
-0.7942741513252258,
-0.0044245305471122265,
0.4825049638748169,
-0.197864830493927,
-0.45191144943237305,
0.15418915450572968,
-0.3669498860836029,
0.6646838188171387,
0.4463536739349365,
0.6565991044044495,
0.6812389492988586,
0.08237195014953613,
-0.1573358029127121... | |
25oax2 | Can anyone tell me what causes this curious rock formation? | [_URL_0_](_URL_0_)
Location: Bare Island, Botany Bay, Sydney. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"chjctnj"
],
"text": [
"What you have there is differential weathering. At some point fluids have moved through the rock, precipitating perhaps quartz or calcite. The fluids have moved preferentially through certain paths, leading to build ups of this more resistant precipitate material. AS e... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://i.imgur.com/DnAx2jO.jpg"
]
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=boxwork+weathering&safe=off&rlz=1C1CHMO_en-gbGB496GB496&es_sm=122&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=gb11U-rPF8bVOcmJgPAC&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=1537&bih=865&dpr=0.9"
]
} | Can anyone tell me what causes this curious rock formation?
[_URL_0_](_URL_0_) Location: Bare Island, Botany Bay, Sydney. | [
-0.14705395698547363,
-0.3805343806743622,
-0.10460670292377472,
-0.167372927069664,
-1.0368925333023071,
-0.4102484881877899,
0.7863574028015137,
0.17732341587543488,
0.6593027114868164,
0.7399839162826538,
0.20718686282634735,
-0.05746157839894295,
-0.7430217266082764,
0.0979290828108787... | |
39zw6r | Do hotspots move over time? | I am writing a paper on volcanic hotspots and am wondering if mantle plumes move. I seem to remember reading somewhere that there is evidence that they do, but I can't find the article.
Scientific reports and research GREATLY appreciated. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cs8aiae",
"cs8akom"
],
"text": [
"Non-paywalled sources:\n\n_URL_4_\n\n_URL_0_\n\nPaywalled articles:\n\n_URL_3_\n\n_URL_2_\n\n_URL_1_",
"Yes, they do. [This article (bonus, not behind a paywall!)](_URL_5_) provides a nice summary of the lines of evidence that suggest the hotspot asso... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/wessel/courses/gg711/pdf/Tarduno_2007_ChemGeol.pdf",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X0100351X",
"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v391/n6669/full/391739a0.html",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X02008075",... | Do hotspots move over time?
I am writing a paper on volcanic hotspots and am wondering if mantle plumes move. I seem to remember reading somewhere that there is evidence that they do, but I can't find the article. Scientific reports and research GREATLY appreciated. | [
0.6122580766677856,
-0.2938759922981262,
0.5908126831054688,
0.23852193355560303,
-0.8344317674636841,
-0.6037646532058716,
-0.3539028465747833,
-0.6037217378616333,
1.3612151145935059,
0.20564071834087372,
0.5662640929222107,
0.4531945288181305,
0.29733511805534363,
0.6367728114128113,
... | |
qs5s0 | Are antacid tablets good for your bones? | I often have indigestion and take antacid tablets. I notice these are calcium carbonate. Does that mean it's good for my bones as well, because it has calcium in it? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c403sxz",
"c4010g2"
],
"text": [
"(I understand if people have to downvote me, though I'd prefer neither an upvote nor a downvote.)\n\n\nConsistent indigestion resulting in a need to take antacids on a regular basis is a sign of acid reflux (GERD.) Do not put off visiting a gastroenterol... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/barretts-esophagus/HQ00312",
"http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/QAA400065/Tums-For-Calcium.html",
"http://www.osteopenia3.com/Osteopenia-Osteoporosis-Antacids.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalk#Composition"
]
} | Are antacid tablets good for your bones?
I often have indigestion and take antacid tablets. I notice these are calcium carbonate. Does that mean it's good for my bones as well, because it has calcium in it? | [
0.32683995366096497,
-0.18947570025920868,
0.7921266555786133,
-0.043348293751478195,
-0.8305425047874451,
-0.27611109614372253,
0.4704892039299011,
-1.099434733390808,
0.32821452617645264,
0.5355616211891174,
0.2796249985694885,
0.5145298838615417,
-0.944676399230957,
0.2588061988353729,
... | |
40qlgb | Why do so many things follow Normal Distribution? | Many things in nature and economics seem to follow a Normal/Gaussian distribution. Is there a reason for this? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cywjctc",
"cywp4lu",
"cyx1nx4",
"cywn2ny"
],
"text": [
"This is a good question so I would be interested to hear how other people answer.\n\nAs I understand it, one of the reasons it is so common is because of the central limit theorem, this tells us that any set of measurements o... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1105.6283.pdf",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardized_moment",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_large_numbers",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_moment",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution#Moments",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wik... | Why do so many things follow Normal Distribution?
Many things in nature and economics seem to follow a Normal/Gaussian distribution. Is there a reason for this? | [
-0.4319542348384857,
-0.32438376545906067,
0.9453772306442261,
0.17031414806842804,
-0.2030113786458969,
0.022393563762307167,
0.10635741800069809,
-0.28365883231163025,
-0.6613931059837341,
-0.6625709533691406,
0.8918917179107666,
0.3614141643047333,
-0.8418130278587341,
-0.53245443105697... | |
zitqo | The only non-religious school in Uganda has posted a series of videos featuring the students asking various science questions. I thought Reddit could give these guys some help! | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c653l2k",
"c653bv6"
],
"text": [
"I have to question your claim that this is the **only** non religious school in Uganda. For example, this school _URL_0_ does not appear to have any religious affiliation.\n\nWhy did you include that phrase at all? It isn't relevant to your request.\n\nEd... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.kisu.com/"
]
} | The only non-religious school in Uganda has posted a series of videos featuring the students asking various science questions. I thought Reddit could give these guys some help!
| [
-0.1957167387008667,
-0.27690765261650085,
0.28660017251968384,
0.4285387694835663,
-0.5940293669700623,
-0.8666592836380005,
-0.04864025488495827,
-0.4777829945087433,
0.4063301086425781,
0.6675000786781311,
0.466959148645401,
-0.26186519861221313,
-0.445004940032959,
1.7797917127609253,
... | ||
9q0f5a | Can someone explain the science behind “breaking the seal”? | I know it deals with ADH, and I always argue that the initial urination process catalyzes the succeeding urinations. Is this true, or does the actual amount of liquid cause the frequent urinations? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"e873u8r"
],
"text": [
"You’re correct that it deals with antidiuretic hormone (ADH). You’re not truly breaking a seal, so much as blood alcohol content gets high enough to inhibit ADH and your kidneys spare less fluid. I only notice this with beer, but I think that is because of the volume ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Can someone explain the science behind “breaking the seal”?
I know it deals with ADH, and I always argue that the initial urination process catalyzes the succeeding urinations. Is this true, or does the actual amount of liquid cause the frequent urinations? | [
-0.205504909157753,
-0.07161977887153625,
0.5480087399482727,
-0.5299064517021179,
-0.5938049554824829,
-0.6118108034133911,
0.11582072824239731,
0.0015197218162938952,
1.451275110244751,
-0.3724587857723236,
0.9015196561813354,
0.5325334072113037,
-0.43652182817459106,
1.0717408657073975,... | |
ija6l | Physicists, An Indie Game Dev needs your help | Here's a scanned image of the problem set up: _URL_0_
**Simple Explanation: Solve for the end time (or t2).**
**More involved explanation: Ultimately I need the summation of force applied throughout the 0 to 20 distance, however the yank (or Newtons per second) suffices.**
If the problem cannot be solved explain why... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2475fp"
],
"text": [
"What direction does the force point in? Along that line? Include gravity? Also, are you assuming constant 3rd derivative of time (ie acceleration increases linearly with time)?"
],
"score": [
3
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://imgur.com/hnfDU"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Physicists, An Indie Game Dev needs your help
Here's a scanned image of the problem set up: _URL_0_ **Simple Explanation: Solve for the end time (or t2).** **More involved explanation: Ultimately I need the summation of force applied throughout the 0 to 20 distance, however the yank (or Newtons per second) suffices.** ... | [
-0.48101118206977844,
-0.33168765902519226,
0.9372058510780334,
0.0928737074136734,
-0.6917189359664917,
-0.6435264348983765,
-0.19414210319519043,
-0.9772114157676697,
1.0650049448013306,
0.18806077539920807,
0.3175971806049347,
0.6393188238143921,
-1.0926576852798462,
0.806228518486023,
... | |
2fo1ss | How do scientists map superclusters? | Ive been hearing a lot about the newly discovered Laniakea supercluster. The biggest question I have is how do we know where we are, and what it looks like. But a bigger question is how do we know there are other superclusters near us, and that ours is right next to perseus-peces. Im 14 so links are helpful when you sa... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ckba2mm"
],
"text": [
"Maps of things like galaxy clusters (and superclusters) are created by measuring the distances to objects all over the sky.\n\nIf you think about it, when you look at stars on the sky, you are really seeing a 2-dimensional projection of a 3-dimensional universe - all th... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2742446/Welcome-Laniakea-3D-map-super-cluster-galaxies-contains-Milky-Way.html"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redshift",
"http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/ns/cms/dn14546/dn14546-1_700.jpg"
]
} | How do scientists map superclusters?
Ive been hearing a lot about the newly discovered Laniakea supercluster. The biggest question I have is how do we know where we are, and what it looks like. But a bigger question is how do we know there are other superclusters near us, and that ours is right next to perseus-peces. I... | [
-0.3184213638305664,
-0.2859989404678345,
0.8390259742736816,
-0.1495261937379837,
-1.0271613597869873,
-0.8072905540466309,
-0.39419665932655334,
-0.3461984395980835,
0.8613380789756775,
-0.5013628602027893,
0.4405728578567505,
0.19796599447727203,
-0.23839427530765533,
0.8191068768501282... | |
busa80 | Is it possible to artificially induce strong intermolecular forces? | I was just wondering if you could create an appliance which temporarily combined gases in the air into a solid to make an "air" step. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"epgwht2"
],
"text": [
"Sort of, but not in the way that you're thinking. Trapping multiple cold atoms in a laser beam can cause them to have much stronger attraction to one-another than they would normally have at equilibrium.\n\ne.g. _URL_0_"
],
"score": [
7
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://scholarship.rice.edu/bitstream/handle/1911/79442/PhysRevLett.75.1687.pdf?sequence=1"
]
} | Is it possible to artificially induce strong intermolecular forces?
I was just wondering if you could create an appliance which temporarily combined gases in the air into a solid to make an "air" step. | [
-0.2580879330635071,
-0.1213529109954834,
0.7188133597373962,
-0.5335527658462524,
-0.6288805603981018,
-0.6806188821792603,
0.511648416519165,
-0.9354600310325623,
1.2516326904296875,
-0.5278468132019043,
0.6341122388839722,
0.427034467458725,
-0.6076437830924988,
-0.342952698469162,
-0... | |
170pcp | How does this security feature from a thread over on r/silverbugs work? | There are pictures here:
_URL_1_
and the OP gave us what the company's marketing department said in the comments here:
_URL_0_
My guess is polarization somehow. But how do they get that on what must be a reflection? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c81etck"
],
"text": [
"If we look up infos about the company on the card:\n\nThe card is this: _URL_0_\n\nApparently (see their patent _URL_1_) the technology relies on regular background, basically on the card there is a very fine grid of lines, and on the security feature, there is also a f... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/Silverbugs/comments/170n3c/just_got_our_first_shipment_in_10oz_sunshine/",
"http://imgur.com/a/g1jPS"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.graphicsecurity.com/index.php/authentication/optical-decoders",
"https://www.google.com/search?ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&q=patent+5%2C708%2C717"
]
} | How does this security feature from a thread over on r/silverbugs work?
There are pictures here: _URL_1_ and the OP gave us what the company's marketing department said in the comments here: _URL_0_ My guess is polarization somehow. But how do they get that on what must be a reflection? | [
-0.01961512118577957,
-0.017177622765302658,
0.12603183090686798,
-0.6891889572143555,
-0.544830858707428,
-0.17011265456676483,
0.5179430842399597,
-0.24996905028820038,
-0.2882149815559387,
0.66485196352005,
0.33712834119796753,
0.01930973120033741,
-0.5528386831283569,
0.829445064067840... | |
46cwe4 | Do you need both a -10 and -35 sequence for a promoter to bind? | Just a bit of background. I have a DNA sequence I am trying to interpret and there is a -10 sequence for RpoD (regulatory gene regulator) and there is no -35 sequence that matches a promoter for RpoD. However, at the -17 position I have a sequence that matches AlgT (sigma factor/transcription factor) and a promoter seq... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d046ux4",
"d047fhi"
],
"text": [
"The sequence regions in question are part of the promoter, and help to recruit the transcription multiplex. Both -10 and -35 are not in general required, but a closer match increases the probability of recruitment and promoter clearance. One of the first,... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Do you need both a -10 and -35 sequence for a promoter to bind?
Just a bit of background. I have a DNA sequence I am trying to interpret and there is a -10 sequence for RpoD (regulatory gene regulator) and there is no -35 sequence that matches a promoter for RpoD. However, at the -17 position I have a sequence that mat... | [
-0.5934462547302246,
-0.20590980350971222,
0.3019271194934845,
-0.017184950411319733,
-0.4145047962665558,
-0.6525870561599731,
0.4805917739868164,
-0.539948582649231,
-0.03199845552444458,
0.28132951259613037,
0.6168223023414612,
0.13851605355739594,
-1.0320689678192139,
0.351548552513122... | |
v2szo | Can someone explain heliotropism? | How do plants follow the sun? I was told that scientists don't really understand the process, but I find that hard to believe. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c50tjxv"
],
"text": [
"Who told you scientists don't understand? That's just false. The minor details are sometimes in dispute, but it is known that phototropism is caused by a hormone called auxin. This hormone causes cells to elongate. Auxin is released from the tip of a plant and flows... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Can someone explain heliotropism?
How do plants follow the sun? I was told that scientists don't really understand the process, but I find that hard to believe. | [
0.12651589512825012,
-0.13134939968585968,
0.6568884253501892,
0.20153947174549103,
-0.5694003701210022,
-0.08703098446130753,
0.14573688805103302,
-0.4937847852706909,
1.6902337074279785,
0.45221632719039917,
0.7061457633972168,
0.4144846498966217,
0.11499534547328949,
0.7641763687133789,... | |
b5iqyp | Easiest way to prove Heliocentrism, without equipment? | I was asked to prove that the Earth orbited the Sun. It seemed like such an obvious thing to do, but really I couldn’t find a simple way to prove it (unlike proving the Earth is round).
Is there a way to prove heliocentrism by simple deduction and reasoning in a quick time frame? Or is it frankly impossible without th... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ejflq1n",
"ejfaz8u",
"ejgmjoj"
],
"text": [
"It's basically impossible to do without a telescope. A geocentric model, plus epicycles, can accurately describe the naked-eye motions of all the planets even though it's wrong.\n\nWith a small telescope or binoculars, though, one of the m... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_retrograde_motion#From_Earth"
]
} | Easiest way to prove Heliocentrism, without equipment?
I was asked to prove that the Earth orbited the Sun. It seemed like such an obvious thing to do, but really I couldn’t find a simple way to prove it (unlike proving the Earth is round). Is there a way to prove heliocentrism by simple deduction and reasoning in a qu... | [
-0.2619442641735077,
-0.010925952345132828,
0.31653454899787903,
0.4089074730873108,
-0.5807989239692688,
-0.5525155663490295,
-0.23496346175670624,
-1.2180938720703125,
1.1313755512237549,
0.07410773634910583,
0.7915442585945129,
0.6158876419067383,
-0.37093937397003174,
0.065586179494857... | |
yfbbf | Is there anything in what this guy says? (Some probably insane youtube video about the magnetosphere) | TL;DW - This guy is saying data is missing from the magnetosphere data on the NASA website for March 12th 2012 and that it may be a magnetosphere reversal? (Which, in my laymen head, doesn't make sense since I thought the magnetosphere didn't really have poles).
Just curious whether this is crazy or could make sense?... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c5v3ane",
"c5v4gkk"
],
"text": [
"The guy doesn't seem to postulate what the cause is of the event, just that there appears to be a reversal that occurred and that the data for this time frame has now been removed.\n\nI am not an expert on this field, but I will say that it is not uncommo... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUeqkwzykM4"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Is there anything in what this guy says? (Some probably insane youtube video about the magnetosphere)
TL;DW - This guy is saying data is missing from the magnetosphere data on the NASA website for March 12th 2012 and that it may be a magnetosphere reversal? (Which, in my laymen head, doesn't make sense since I thought ... | [
0.1051964983344078,
-0.35549283027648926,
0.4839712679386139,
0.13459797203540802,
-0.561745822429657,
-0.5756431818008423,
0.12280486524105072,
-0.054277919232845306,
0.8635624051094055,
0.7002658843994141,
0.3514876961708069,
0.39822083711624146,
-0.5810649991035461,
1.2595326900482178,
... | |
10v7gk | This has been bugging me lately. Why is it when I look at my fishtank from the side, it looks straight through, but when I look at it slightly askew, the front will redirect the image? | As I said in the title, if I look at my fish tank from one corner, the front will look as if I'm seeing it from straight ahead.
_URL_0_
_URL_1_
As you can see from the second picture, you can see the plants as if you were seeing them from the front. Any explanation would be great. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c6gxofv"
],
"text": [
"This is due to [Refraction](_URL_0_). In this situation refraction occurs twice, one at the water/glass surface and a second time at the glass/air surface."
],
"score": [
4
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://i.imgur.com/XVw5M.jpg",
"http://i.imgur.com/JFIeH.jpg"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction"
]
} | This has been bugging me lately. Why is it when I look at my fishtank from the side, it looks straight through, but when I look at it slightly askew, the front will redirect the image?
As I said in the title, if I look at my fish tank from one corner, the front will look as if I'm seeing it from straight ahead. _URL_0_... | [
-0.42349565029144287,
-0.36048728227615356,
0.6221616268157959,
-0.2553965747356415,
-0.507027268409729,
0.1328010857105255,
-0.0634893998503685,
-0.5479427576065063,
0.6904147863388062,
-0.29496368765830994,
1.0282466411590576,
0.16439098119735718,
-0.32932648062705994,
0.7518998384475708... | |
6sxq2e | Why did scientists like Slotin and Daghlian do their criticality experiments manually? | I was reading about the [demon core](_URL_0_), and I was wondering why the two scientists involved ever attempted to do their experiments manually? Maybe I'm just being a wimp, but I would think of anyone on the planet, Slotin and Daghlian would know best how dangerous that was. I understand that a remote system for do... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"dlghkbf",
"dlh23f6"
],
"text": [
"From what I read, during the war, time was the problem. They didn't have time to engineer a remote automated system to do it. By the time of Slotin's accident, May 21, 1946, there was no reason to do it manually. The war was over almost a year and the col... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demon_core"
]
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demon_core",
"http://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/?s=things+I+won%27t+work+with"
]
} | Why did scientists like Slotin and Daghlian do their criticality experiments manually?
I was reading about the [demon core](_URL_0_), and I was wondering why the two scientists involved ever attempted to do their experiments manually? Maybe I'm just being a wimp, but I would think of anyone on the planet, Slotin and Da... | [
-0.0440237931907177,
-0.8330096006393433,
0.37601467967033386,
-0.3985151946544647,
-0.6814315915107727,
-0.7007046937942505,
0.23770703375339508,
-0.48351940512657166,
1.0197418928146362,
0.17332714796066284,
0.6347860097885132,
0.325050413608551,
-0.7314741015434265,
0.79458087682724,
... | |
82eroz | Why are most studies on retinal ganglion cells done on salamanders? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"dv9ouzb"
],
"text": [
"It's the next step!\n\nFor the last quarter of the 20th century, there was a **ton** of work on retinal-tectal axon guidance/ visual system architecture in zebrafish (*Danio rerio*). The reason is that the zebrafish was adopted as a model organism for vertebrates early ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Why are most studies on retinal ganglion cells done on salamanders?
| [
0.004333960358053446,
-0.566415011882782,
0.8339990973472595,
0.4314114451408386,
-0.21263734996318817,
-0.15937450528144836,
0.097478486597538,
-0.22368207573890686,
0.011305741965770721,
-0.030813194811344147,
1.0333290100097656,
0.09426485747098923,
-0.4079783260822296,
0.04092229157686... | ||
j9a7c | Why is honeycombed armor better? | Hey, my first ever post because I thought who better to solve this question than the people of Reddit.
Large military vehicles and ships have honeycombed armor, rather than solid plates. Why is this better? Is it just because it's lighter or does it actually stop ballistics better? Or is it a pliability thing? Or is i... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2a80ts"
],
"text": [
"A honeycomb geometry is very strong--I suppose the best intuitive argument that I could make for this is to note that hexagonal packing as in a honeycomb is also the best (closest) was to pack spheres together in **two dimensions**: _URL_1_ This geometry responds very w... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.suparco.gov.pk/downloadables/properties-honeycomb.pdf",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close-packing_of_spheres"
]
} | Why is honeycombed armor better?
Hey, my first ever post because I thought who better to solve this question than the people of Reddit. Large military vehicles and ships have honeycombed armor, rather than solid plates. Why is this better? Is it just because it's lighter or does it actually stop ballistics better? Or i... | [
-0.36993807554244995,
-0.2888753414154053,
0.720613420009613,
-0.6169012784957886,
-0.9035871624946594,
-0.6872773170471191,
-0.452792227268219,
-1.6017131805419922,
0.4985332489013672,
0.14007554948329926,
0.6965960264205933,
0.4298538565635681,
-0.5559595227241516,
0.346543550491333,
0... | |
1aehem | how are mountain bases safe? | Seeing as mountains are the product of the tectonic plates colliding, why is it considered one of the safest places to build military bases/shelters for nuclear bombs ect?
would it not be a hot spot for earthquakes? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c8wpzh9"
],
"text": [
"There are many techniques for making buildings \"earthquake-proof\", including limiting height, adding a moving mass to absorb the energy of the quake, and using strong materials for the construction. Some more radical techniques, like those used in Cheyenne Mountain A... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | how are mountain bases safe?
Seeing as mountains are the product of the tectonic plates colliding, why is it considered one of the safest places to build military bases/shelters for nuclear bombs ect? would it not be a hot spot for earthquakes? | [
0.15440306067466736,
0.03462018817663193,
0.5161529779434204,
-0.35717934370040894,
-0.84241783618927,
-1.1069217920303345,
-0.010735982097685337,
-0.7718943953514099,
0.6524600386619568,
0.41150975227355957,
0.6551777720451355,
0.5157932043075562,
-0.904786229133606,
0.38174232840538025,
... | |
7xp5w9 | How does the Meltdown patch work? | Before I ask the question, please tell me if my understanding is wrong as I am still learning about computer architecture:
Modern CPU's utilize out of order execution, which means instead of waiting for each instruction cycle to finish, it will start fetching other instructions.
So if there are branch dependent instr... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"duah0xd"
],
"text": [
"The patch set you're referring to is better called the \"Kernel Page Table Isolation Patch\" as this is a more descriptive name.\n\n_URL_0_\n\nThe meltdown vulnerability is caused by how Intel processors try to optimize speculative memory accesses. The normally-understo... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_page-table_isolation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging"
]
} | How does the Meltdown patch work?
Before I ask the question, please tell me if my understanding is wrong as I am still learning about computer architecture: Modern CPU's utilize out of order execution, which means instead of waiting for each instruction cycle to finish, it will start fetching other instructions. So if ... | [
-0.2211420238018036,
-0.22917453944683075,
0.3213995099067688,
-0.6393426060676575,
-0.12210212647914886,
-0.29593706130981445,
0.38419395685195923,
-0.16952891647815704,
1.0942884683609009,
0.12936469912528992,
0.4364297389984131,
0.6157973408699036,
-0.5792003273963928,
0.461774706840515... | |
kai5c | {xpost askreddit} Neurologist redditors: how do our brains identify an abstract thought like 'gun pointed at my head' and then categorize it as 'I'm worried' which then triggers the natural physical reaction like 'stomachache'? | There are basic instinctive triggers like fight/flight and infatuation linked to specific chemicals, but even within those I don't grasp precisely how our brains are able to identify and extract specific abstract thoughts (which I am led to believe are a pseudo-magical neurological singularity) and then decide that it ... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2ipzv6"
],
"text": [
"Not a neurologist but a psych student and here's an answer based on my level of knowledge, hope it helps:\n\nI'm not completely certain which part of the process you're having issues with so I thought I'd give you a basic outline of the process. The first to remember th... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {xpost askreddit} Neurologist redditors: how do our brains identify an abstract thought like 'gun pointed at my head' and then categorize it as 'I'm worried' which then triggers the natural physical reaction like 'stomachache'?
There are basic instinctive triggers like fight/flight and infatuation linked to specific ch... | [
-0.367014080286026,
-0.23157617449760437,
0.8043122291564941,
0.1964172124862671,
-0.7270280718803406,
-0.32993537187576294,
0.48358702659606934,
-0.6863921284675598,
1.5628350973129272,
0.21923041343688965,
1.070349097251892,
0.48492544889450073,
-0.903672456741333,
0.5953039526939392,
... | |
353azk | Are pointed arches stronger than round arches? Why or why not? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cr1fayj"
],
"text": [
"That would depend on what kind of load you want to subject them. If you want to support a point load with a structure made of weightless material your ideal 'arch' would be a triangle. As you distribute the load the arch gets more rounded, to make sure all loads are par... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Are pointed arches stronger than round arches? Why or why not?
| [
-0.497173935174942,
-0.22128672897815704,
1.0238205194473267,
0.30604490637779236,
-1.018100380897522,
-0.46315860748291016,
0.07780839502811432,
-1.304559350013733,
-0.39257797598838806,
0.02794821746647358,
0.07950948178768158,
0.4009816348552704,
-0.4021325409412384,
-0.3865584135055542... | ||
pjgms | I'm in a hot air balloon with my 2 year old son. We're pretty high up and the balloon collapses. We start to plummet towards the ground. How can I save my son? | Say we're at 200 feet.
Could I wait until just before impact and throw him upwards as hard as I could? Could I lie down and hold his head against my belly to cushion him?
My son weighs 11 kg and is 75cm tall.
Edit: I don't care if I live, we're just trying to save my son here. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c3pyjj2",
"c3px6fi"
],
"text": [
"There's two courses of action here. \n\nThe first: bank on the excessive amount of fabric above you to create almost as much drag as a parachute and ride the wreckage to the ground. Hard to calculate the drag of such an object, but I think this might wo... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | I'm in a hot air balloon with my 2 year old son. We're pretty high up and the balloon collapses. We start to plummet towards the ground. How can I save my son?
Say we're at 200 feet. Could I wait until just before impact and throw him upwards as hard as I could? Could I lie down and hold his head against my belly to cu... | [
-0.19316737353801727,
-0.3057434558868408,
0.13249368965625763,
-0.16212202608585358,
-0.0404774434864521,
-0.4053715169429779,
-1.0442136526107788,
-0.11503497511148453,
0.7128467559814453,
0.3401249647140503,
0.4257775843143463,
0.38717570900917053,
-0.2796570360660553,
0.743768632411956... | |
mnn31 | AskScience, I am so tired of newspapers turning every piece of scientific news into sensationalist bullshit. Can you recommend me a news source that tells it as it is? | I know about specialized scientific journals, but I want something lighter, where they actually read the important scientific paper in question, understand it, and write an article about it for the general audience. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c32d9y4"
],
"text": [
"physorg and sciencedaily.\n\nlighter than a journal, several reading levels above a newspaper."
],
"score": [
3
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | AskScience, I am so tired of newspapers turning every piece of scientific news into sensationalist bullshit. Can you recommend me a news source that tells it as it is?
I know about specialized scientific journals, but I want something lighter, where they actually read the important scientific paper in question, underst... | [
-0.16427309811115265,
0.014318582601845264,
0.9400253295898438,
-0.23342056572437286,
-0.9768306612968445,
-1.004797339439392,
-0.48409372568130493,
-0.9563610553741455,
0.895092785358429,
-0.06866934150457382,
0.7400126457214355,
0.3418343961238861,
-0.188432514667511,
1.133382797241211,
... | |
kka7s | Have any scientists here experienced "the decline effect" in their experiments? What do you theorize is going on? | I heard about this effect in [Radiolab](_URL_1_): that the effect you first observe in early experiments decrease the more and more experiments you do.
Links to 2 articles about it:
[Nature](_URL_2_)
[The New Yorker](_URL_0_)
What the heck is going on here? Is this just the media overblowing things? The decline eff... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2kz6c9",
"c2kz5yd",
"c2kzzr2"
],
"text": [
"The Nature article you link to offers the same explanations I would.\n\nIf scientists test something many times, eventually someone is going to get a statistical outlier that exaggerates the effect. A very strong effect is more likely to ge... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/12/13/101213fa_fact_lehrer",
"http://www.radiolab.org/blogs/radiolab-blog/2011/may/03/cosmic-habituation/",
"http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110223/full/470437a.html"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Have any scientists here experienced "the decline effect" in their experiments? What do you theorize is going on?
I heard about this effect in [Radiolab](_URL_1_): that the effect you first observe in early experiments decrease the more and more experiments you do. Links to 2 articles about it: [Nature](_URL_2_) [The N... | [
-0.3129884600639343,
-0.4872387647628784,
0.5478873252868652,
-0.7292146682739258,
-0.5620877146720886,
-0.6293497085571289,
0.13972429931163788,
-0.6927980184555054,
0.5921944975852966,
0.4524095058441162,
0.799914538860321,
0.167660653591156,
-0.32504284381866455,
0.638935923576355,
-0... | |
4dtt37 | Why isn't there an alternative to tympanotomy? | If the Eustachian tube already drains into the throat area, why do they put tubes in your eardrums to drain fluid? Why isn't there a stent or shunt to keep the Eustachian tube from swelling shut? Doesn't perforating the eardrum cause hearing damage? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d1vkmc6"
],
"text": [
"Tympanostomy tubes generally fall out over time as the eardum grows, pushing the tube out and repairing the hole. While a perforation in the eardrum can cause a temporary hearing loss in a healthy ear, tympanostomy tubes generally provide an immediate *benefit* to heari... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165587600004079?np=y",
"http://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lary.20950/abstract",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesteatoma",
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927726"
]
} | Why isn't there an alternative to tympanotomy?
If the Eustachian tube already drains into the throat area, why do they put tubes in your eardrums to drain fluid? Why isn't there a stent or shunt to keep the Eustachian tube from swelling shut? Doesn't perforating the eardrum cause hearing damage? | [
0.10992681980133057,
0.1032371073961258,
0.6758607625961304,
0.011349119246006012,
-0.2930828928947449,
-0.3115769624710083,
0.6459385752677917,
-0.5890378952026367,
0.8232260942459106,
-0.327802836894989,
0.08916297554969788,
0.9654075503349304,
-1.1493399143218994,
0.21265718340873718,
... | |
3y03uz | Is Kurzgesagt right when he says that fields create the most basic particles from the void? | I mean, in this video he's pointing that at 0:56:_URL_0_
Has been this proved? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cy9ubn8"
],
"text": [
"What they are talking about is quantum field theory (QFT) and one application of it, quantum electrodynamics is the most precision tested theory in all of science: Specifically the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron. This measurement agrees with theory up to some... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9otDixAtFw"
]
} | {
"url": [
"https://books.google.com/books?id=l-l0L8YInA0C&pg=PA351&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false"
]
} | Is Kurzgesagt right when he says that fields create the most basic particles from the void?
I mean, in this video he's pointing that at 0:56:_URL_0_ Has been this proved? | [
-0.508491039276123,
-0.3851422071456909,
0.3614242970943451,
0.0813429057598114,
-0.45139071345329285,
-0.39175617694854736,
-0.24529366195201874,
0.17474626004695892,
1.28572678565979,
0.05279701575636864,
0.6564799547195435,
0.19221967458724976,
-0.5812803506851196,
0.6599107384681702,
... | |
47y46x | Standing on the other side of the world, would I have felt the Chicxulub impact? | I know that puts me in the Indian Ocean today and that the landmass was [distributed differently 66 million years ago](_URL_0_). I only mean hypothetically.
If Chicxulub's 4.2×10^(23) joule impact was too weak to feel, then how about the [Vredefort or Sudbury](_URL_1_) impacts? What other immediate effects might I not... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d0gqv38",
"d0gqub0"
],
"text": [
"I did a quick [calculation](_URL_0_) for the Chicxulub impact with the [Earth Impact Effect Program](_URL_1_): Energy and crater size match pretty well. On the other side of the planet, you would not feel much of the impact. Very slight shaking after an h... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Pangaea_to_present.gif",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_impact_craters_on_Earth",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PENT_hnyO-o"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://impact.ese.ic.ac.uk/cgi-bin/crater.cgi?dist=20000&distanceUnits=1&diam=10&diameterUnits=2&pdens=&pdens_select=3000&vel=20&velocityUnits=1&theta=60&wdepth=&wdepthUnits=1&tdens=2500",
"http://impact.ese.ic.ac.uk/ImpactEffects/",
"http://www.geol... | Standing on the other side of the world, would I have felt the Chicxulub impact?
I know that puts me in the Indian Ocean today and that the landmass was [distributed differently 66 million years ago](_URL_0_). I only mean hypothetically. If Chicxulub's 4.2×10^(23) joule impact was too weak to feel, then how about the [... | [
-0.33511871099472046,
-0.9032214879989624,
0.7805136442184448,
-0.7423840761184692,
-0.8015459775924683,
-0.4880244731903076,
0.5100935697555542,
-0.3919869065284729,
-0.36911776661872864,
0.5928946137428284,
1.2930903434753418,
-0.28463608026504517,
-0.7855417728424072,
1.3279619216918945... | |
z7xyc | Psychologists and Social Scientists: I need help identifying a certain phenomenon that has been observed. | I need help identifying a theory behind a certain phenomenon that has been observed and named by a scientist whose name I cannot recall. To my understanding, it is an occurrence that sometimes happens where a concept or object that is typically considered rare is observed, followed by a seemingly inexplicable recurrenc... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c62g0bc"
],
"text": [
"Thank you! I have experienced this several times, often when I learn a new word, and then it suddenly pops up 2-3 times later the very same week, and it's awesome every time it happens."
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.damninteresting.com/the-baader-meinhof-phenomenon/",
"http://memeingful.com/2011/08/16/how-the-baader-meinhof-phenomenon-makes-us-think-there-are-coincidences/"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Psychologists and Social Scientists: I need help identifying a certain phenomenon that has been observed.
I need help identifying a theory behind a certain phenomenon that has been observed and named by a scientist whose name I cannot recall. To my understanding, it is an occurrence that sometimes happens where a conce... | [
-0.12807060778141022,
-0.3790295124053955,
0.650519847869873,
-0.5454981327056885,
-0.23214280605316162,
-0.26203587651252747,
0.5401804447174072,
-1.02143132686615,
0.5720074772834778,
0.17667919397354126,
0.4212752878665924,
0.3540598750114441,
0.2546614706516266,
0.40194112062454224,
... | |
1f0mlk | Is there anything like the rainbow or color wheel for sound? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ca5mlnp",
"ca5o85d",
"ca5nrxx",
"ca5qjdn"
],
"text": [
"What you are looking for is a frequency chart. Hertz (Hz) measure these frequencies. Decibals (dB)measure their loudness.\n\n\n\nIt is most often used in Music Production and Recording. Of course, the recommended frequencies ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solresol",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Art_of_Noises#Six_Families_of_Noises_for_the_Futurist_Orchestra"
]
} | Is there anything like the rainbow or color wheel for sound?
| [
-0.9444506764411926,
-0.09343133121728897,
0.5687676668167114,
0.29213571548461914,
-0.6764505505561829,
-0.3293420970439911,
1.0094176530838013,
-0.2560863196849823,
0.18549694120883942,
0.1424398422241211,
0.7078914642333984,
0.953377902507782,
-1.4102404117584229,
-0.1089225634932518,
... | ||
r73xe | Vibration, Booming Sounds Reported In Clintonville, WI | Officials in an eastern Wisconsin city are trying to record a series of mysterious booming sounds that have roused residents from bed in the past few days, but their attempts have so far come up empty.
_URL_0_
My Question is, WTF is it? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c44bflj"
],
"text": [
"My guess is it's related to the fracking going on 25 miles south of there in Readfield. _URL_0_\n\nUnfortunately we don't have enough data to call it a solid fact yet, but this wouldn't be the first time that fracking has been held responsible for an earthquake: _URL_1_... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.nbc15.com/home/headlines/Vibration_Booming_Sounds_Reported_In_Clintonville_143313816.html"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.wisconsinwatch.org/2011/07/31/frac-sand-wisconsin-sites/",
"http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0102/How-fracking-might-have-led-to-an-Ohio-earthquake"
]
} | Vibration, Booming Sounds Reported In Clintonville, WI
Officials in an eastern Wisconsin city are trying to record a series of mysterious booming sounds that have roused residents from bed in the past few days, but their attempts have so far come up empty. _URL_0_ My Question is, WTF is it? | [
0.06603187322616577,
-0.20233505964279175,
0.48142459988594055,
-0.4726339280605316,
-0.3890666961669922,
-0.34005433320999146,
-0.051212724298238754,
-0.593756377696991,
0.6966081857681274,
0.22436749935150146,
0.6080569624900818,
0.6463326215744019,
0.4363972544670105,
1.4608896970748901... | |
79fs3x | What is the farthest direct parallax measurement of an object? | I haven't been able to find any clear reporting on the Gaia mission, even though it was supposed to be able to directly measure a lot farther than before. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"dp1qp31"
],
"text": [
"GAIA hasn't released parallax measures of distant stars yet, that's going to take some more time. While optical parallax has been limited to the nearest 100 pc or so, parallax from radio measures can go significantly further by using interferometry, where multiple radio... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ApJ...796....2R"
]
} | What is the farthest direct parallax measurement of an object?
I haven't been able to find any clear reporting on the Gaia mission, even though it was supposed to be able to directly measure a lot farther than before. | [
-0.8085433840751648,
-0.34619566798210144,
0.8492796421051025,
0.6978864073753357,
-0.7452542781829834,
-0.6656343340873718,
0.11111865192651749,
-0.393812358379364,
0.411987841129303,
0.390852153301239,
0.9360480308532715,
0.10570599883794785,
0.6875927448272705,
0.7251838445663452,
0.3... | |
193796 | Do our bodies depend on quantum effects to function? | I was surprised to learn that photosynthesis exhibits quantum effects. I'm wondering if quantum mechanics plays a role in our biological ability to function? (visual perception maybe?) | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c8kftyk",
"c8kg168"
],
"text": [
"There are some papers suggesting that smell might rely on quantum effects, particularly that a molecule's vibrational properties (which are quantum) affect how our nose detects it ([recent BBC story](_URL_0_)). But this is the sort of thing that's still v... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21229699",
"http://www.physics.uci.edu/~tritz/Publications/RITZ2004.pdf"
]
} | Do our bodies depend on quantum effects to function?
I was surprised to learn that photosynthesis exhibits quantum effects. I'm wondering if quantum mechanics plays a role in our biological ability to function? (visual perception maybe?) | [
-0.12320538610219955,
-0.3188464343547821,
0.45532166957855225,
-0.25908708572387695,
-0.19659453630447388,
-0.2655256986618042,
0.7284577488899231,
-0.7187249660491943,
0.8257743716239929,
-0.07537486404180527,
1.2936748266220093,
0.0581052303314209,
-1.125515103340149,
0.3568558692932129... | |
lvvrq | What's the science behind why frog's legs and dead octopi move when exposed to salt? | Here's a video of an octopus (?) [spazzing out](_URL_0_) after what I assume is soy sauce being poured onto it.
What's going on at the cellular level to cause this movement? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2w0ml2",
"c2w2i91",
"c2w0slf"
],
"text": [
"Layman here, but I think the answer is that sodium channels are part of the motor neuron's action potential, which then causes calcium ions to cross the muscle cell's calcium channels, which is what triggers the myosin to contract the cell.... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=irpArZtAut4"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction",
"http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/science-sushi/2011/07/28/instant-zombie-just-add-salt/"
]
} | What's the science behind why frog's legs and dead octopi move when exposed to salt?
Here's a video of an octopus (?) [spazzing out](_URL_0_) after what I assume is soy sauce being poured onto it. What's going on at the cellular level to cause this movement? | [
-0.2967899441719055,
-0.21981869637966156,
0.5877612233161926,
-0.5429286360740662,
-0.7464946508407593,
-0.11521584540605545,
-0.25379249453544617,
-0.06840730458498001,
0.9422953128814697,
0.43939656019210815,
0.9211931228637695,
0.6449062824249268,
-1.0748826265335083,
0.760691344738006... | |
7l7luv | How is it possible to change direction when drilling down into the earth? Aren't drill pipes rigid? How is it possible to keep a drill string turning with a bend in it? What is the max radius of the curve in a drill string? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"drlodw0",
"drk5na1"
],
"text": [
"A single section of drill stem is essentially a length of pipe with threads at each end to screw multiple sections together into a longer drill stem. While each pipe will appear ridgid and show minimal flex, when tied together with other sections into a ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | How is it possible to change direction when drilling down into the earth? Aren't drill pipes rigid? How is it possible to keep a drill string turning with a bend in it? What is the max radius of the curve in a drill string?
| [
0.12046463787555695,
-0.3919730484485626,
-0.05334186553955078,
0.3947814702987671,
-0.3073303997516632,
-0.5406519174575806,
-0.2511763572692871,
0.2267657220363617,
0.5243171453475952,
-0.29758891463279724,
0.9466586709022522,
0.48902928829193115,
-0.4254758954048157,
0.03634347394108772... | ||
3gciz1 | Is it possible to reverse the classical conditioning (aka Pavlov's dog) ? | So, I've accidently Pavlov'ed myself, by linking porn and taking a shit together. So, whenever I get horny, I have the biggest urge to take a shit, like my asshole wants to vomit its contents even though I don't have a shit. It came to a point that it's not possible for me to fap before I take a shit first and I want t... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ctx2vrq"
],
"text": [
"Yes, this is called [extinction](_URL_0_). [External inhibition](_URL_1_) is another way in which a conditioned response can be reduced in response to a conditioned stimulus."
],
"score": [
6
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_(psychology\\)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_inhibition"
]
} | Is it possible to reverse the classical conditioning (aka Pavlov's dog) ?
So, I've accidently Pavlov'ed myself, by linking porn and taking a shit together. So, whenever I get horny, I have the biggest urge to take a shit, like my asshole wants to vomit its contents even though I don't have a shit. It came to a point th... | [
-0.2388392835855484,
-0.48229676485061646,
0.33988574147224426,
-0.5965090990066528,
-1.1572169065475464,
-0.09859408438205719,
-0.037532586604356766,
-0.6902511119842529,
1.374262809753418,
1.1247576475143433,
0.4323946535587311,
0.466330349445343,
-0.839374840259552,
0.7378673553466797,
... | |
584m3q | What role or roles do archaebacteria play in humans? | I've been given this topic to present on, and I know nothing about it. My presentation thus far is very bland; can one of you smarter people share some "exciting" or at least moderately compelling information about this subject? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d8yby1r"
],
"text": [
"The intestinal microbiome of humans has numerous functions, including its metabolic effects. The gut microbiome is responsible for the fermentation of non-digestible dietary fibres, and produces short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the proces, which the colonocytes (epith... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | What role or roles do archaebacteria play in humans?
I've been given this topic to present on, and I know nothing about it. My presentation thus far is very bland; can one of you smarter people share some "exciting" or at least moderately compelling information about this subject? | [
-0.7258251309394836,
-0.17767640948295593,
0.23512467741966248,
0.07308401167392731,
-0.8399248719215393,
-0.11193668097257614,
-0.4906936287879944,
-0.7519621849060059,
0.862938642501831,
0.5228421688079834,
0.9028213024139404,
0.47555550932884216,
0.002727201906964183,
0.7611696124076843... | |
35lga6 | Does water movement possess properties that allow use to determine the scale we are observing? | If we observe water sloshing about in a glass, vs water on the surface of an ocean, is there a way to determine the difference? Are the features and irregularities just scaled up? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cr6i1kn"
],
"text": [
"If you rescale *all* the right variables (e.g. including time) in the right way, you get identical behaviour. Read up on Reynold's number and dimensional analysis.\n\nHowever, these variables include viscosity, and changing viscosity means changing fluid. So my answer w... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Does water movement possess properties that allow use to determine the scale we are observing?
If we observe water sloshing about in a glass, vs water on the surface of an ocean, is there a way to determine the difference? Are the features and irregularities just scaled up? | [
-0.057406362146139145,
-0.5182069540023804,
1.2747256755828857,
0.6058506965637207,
-0.3969224989414215,
-0.2875034511089325,
0.5135893821716309,
-0.6400820016860962,
0.43378567695617676,
-0.3022482097148895,
1.2544629573822021,
0.4629221558570862,
-0.9521421194076538,
0.3532331585884094,
... | |
10wtqn | Can someone identify this infernal substance I found in my washing machine? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c6hcl0v",
"c6hf42z"
],
"text": [
"> When I pushed the drum to the side\n\nThis was your big mistake. Normally we don't do this. LOL\n\n > Can someone help me identify this substance?\n\nIt's a substance technically known as \"grunge\".\n\nIANA microbiologist, just a housewife. Washing mac... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://voices.yahoo.com/how-clean-top-loading-washing-machine-576480.html"
]
} | Can someone identify this infernal substance I found in my washing machine?
| [
-0.5466138124465942,
-0.37421950697898865,
-0.029976733028888702,
0.17858263850212097,
-0.05592124164104462,
-0.2858313024044037,
0.8246932029724121,
0.004107512999325991,
0.32631006836891174,
-0.15965636074543,
0.6522580981254578,
0.14295141398906708,
-0.23997370898723602,
0.7784268260002... | ||
15819n | What spesific mechanism stops one lump of matter from occupying the same space as another? | Looking at different pictures made by electron microscopes got me thinking, matter looks solid enough but physics tells us its 99% nothing.
So then, what stops my glass when put on the table, from ever so slightly occupying the same space as the table?
Thanks in advance.
G | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c7k4w4m"
],
"text": [
"The facile answer is \"electrostatic repulsion\" between the electrons in matter - but that isn't really the case, since most atoms and molecules are, on the whole, electrically neutral - as would be a mix of nuclei and electrons all crammed into the volume of a normal ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | What spesific mechanism stops one lump of matter from occupying the same space as another?
Looking at different pictures made by electron microscopes got me thinking, matter looks solid enough but physics tells us its 99% nothing. So then, what stops my glass when put on the table, from ever so slightly occupying the s... | [
-0.292885422706604,
-0.24094140529632568,
1.0560909509658813,
0.320637047290802,
-0.6395997405052185,
-0.4076453149318695,
-0.45645657181739807,
-0.719052255153656,
0.6844277381896973,
0.15042275190353394,
0.9060947895050049,
0.7848854660987854,
-0.9598620533943176,
0.5289880633354187,
-... | |
2dcxrj | How can the directionality of reflection be explained with QED? | If all light-matter interaction in these cases is a result of the absorption of photons by electrons and re-emission, why is the light reflected off of a mirror beholden to a given direction? Is it due to the specific electronic configuration of the mirror? For example, if I take a fluorescent Chroma slide (which is al... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cjofszg",
"cjomgcb",
"cjodav4"
],
"text": [
"It absolutely has a lot to do with the electronic configuration. The most reflective materials tend to be metals, whose distinguishing property is that many of their electrons are \"free\" - they're not bound to any particular atom, but ins... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://nige.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/feynmans-path-integral-for-particle-reflection-off-a-plane-in-his-1985-book-qed.jpg?w=646",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction_grating"
]
} | How can the directionality of reflection be explained with QED?
If all light-matter interaction in these cases is a result of the absorption of photons by electrons and re-emission, why is the light reflected off of a mirror beholden to a given direction? Is it due to the specific electronic configuration of the mirror... | [
-0.14859534800052643,
-0.12299150228500366,
1.270911455154419,
0.006074334494769573,
-0.3648616373538971,
-0.7214285135269165,
0.5376070737838745,
-0.427484393119812,
0.8110303282737732,
-0.46570080518722534,
0.9193140268325806,
0.7034091353416443,
-1.436517596244812,
0.283965528011322,
... | |
1ttn6o | Do the theories of /r/pornfree and /r/nofap hold any scientific weight? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cebg28y",
"cebgnat",
"cebuwo2"
],
"text": [
"User SteezmasterJones has alluded to the argument about pornography affecting our respect for women and objectification, which I don't know of research that directly speaks to the question, so I'll tackle this from a different angle. Novelt... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/pornography-addiction-leads-to-same-brain-activity-as-alcoholism-or-drug-abuse-study-shows-8832708.html",
"http://blogs.plos.org/mindthebrain/2012/11/12/why-addiction-is-not-a-brain-disease/"
]
} | Do the theories of /r/pornfree and /r/nofap hold any scientific weight?
| [
-0.01194168720394373,
-0.23765510320663452,
0.8025848269462585,
0.2469363808631897,
-0.8226409554481506,
-0.28149551153182983,
0.349837064743042,
-0.7019545435905457,
0.19149141013622284,
0.5319839119911194,
0.2970220446586609,
0.22443878650665283,
-0.8919553160667419,
0.015862032771110535... | ||
203bld | Are people biased towards things that come first? | You've probably seen this at your local supermarket. A table with two products, Product A and Product B, on it. You're asked to try them both and say which one you like better. But are people biased towards Product A just because it's Product A, it's first. For instance, If you put coke in bottle A and the same thing i... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cfzm5om",
"cfzs2lg"
],
"text": [
"There are social psychological phenomena called primacy and recency. They stipulate that if given two or more differing items/opinions/arguments one right after the other (or with a short time period in between), you are more likely to be influenced by th... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_position_effect"
]
} | Are people biased towards things that come first?
You've probably seen this at your local supermarket. A table with two products, Product A and Product B, on it. You're asked to try them both and say which one you like better. But are people biased towards Product A just because it's Product A, it's first. For instance... | [
0.3907293379306793,
-0.3319658041000366,
0.30538812279701233,
-0.759063720703125,
-0.49270427227020264,
0.05755230784416199,
0.22926709055900574,
-0.9088608026504517,
0.6050937175750732,
0.5256617665290833,
0.5166248679161072,
0.3170807361602783,
-0.9014663696289062,
0.509710431098938,
-... | |
8tlo5g | Chemically speaking, what is "Fishiness?" | A lot of fish and other seafood definitely share this trait, sometimes with smell more than flavor. What causes a fish to be "fishy?" | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"e18ma7h"
],
"text": [
"In order to keep their hydric balance, marine creatures have to have something inside their cells to be isotonic. What most of them have is trimethylamine oxide, a somewhat volatile compound when broken down to trimethylamine. The problem is, trimethylamine happens to s... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Chemically speaking, what is "Fishiness?"
A lot of fish and other seafood definitely share this trait, sometimes with smell more than flavor. What causes a fish to be "fishy?" | [
-0.06136174499988556,
-0.32417431473731995,
0.6026378870010376,
-0.02061701938509941,
-0.5561581254005432,
-0.22283194959163666,
0.05047633498907089,
-1.235311508178711,
0.8279395699501038,
-0.14236818253993988,
1.0793277025222778,
0.4985395073890686,
-0.7941903471946716,
0.481509000062942... | |
10asps | How do heartrate zones work in workouts? | [This image](_URL_0_) shows the classic heart rate zones for different kinds of workouts. It's everywhere but no-one seems to be able to validate it or even explain it very well. I have 2 questions:
1. How solid is the science behind it
2. If I'm 40 and have a heart rate of 160 then I'm told that I'm in the anaerob... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c6bvg45",
"c6mfv2p"
],
"text": [
"It is well known that the ratio in which different energy substrates are utilized during exercise is dependent on exercise intensity. Fat oxidation is dominant during very low-intensity activities such as walking. As intensity increases, muscles rely prog... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://imgur.com/fbRRr"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14750010",
"http://www.sns.ias.edu/~vazquez/notes/papers/ref.warburg.muscle.Achten_2004.pdf"
]
} | How do heartrate zones work in workouts?
[This image](_URL_0_) shows the classic heart rate zones for different kinds of workouts. It's everywhere but no-one seems to be able to validate it or even explain it very well. I have 2 questions: 1. How solid is the science behind it 2. If I'm 40 and have a heart rate of 160 ... | [
0.23000599443912506,
-0.3624260127544403,
1.2965449094772339,
0.19373956322669983,
-0.5358927249908447,
-0.34027600288391113,
-0.10045455396175385,
-0.8567587733268738,
0.8821112513542175,
0.7082405090332031,
0.7027331590652466,
0.48971712589263916,
-0.17144523561000824,
0.5399008989334106... | |
140h98 | Here is a gif of 3 months of fetal facial development. There are some distinctly animal like-forms presented here. That implies a kind of evolutionary microcosm. Is this so, or is this just an illusion? | [Here is the gif in question](_URL_1_)
It's from a video from [this](_URL_0_) program.
And sorry about the misplaced hyphen in the title. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c78ryle",
"c78tl8o"
],
"text": [
"If you're onot already familiar with the phrase, google \"*ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny*\". That's what you're asking about.",
"When I was taught embryology, our lecturer used lots of examples of how the foetal human begins simply and becomes more... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01102yg",
"http://gifs.gifbin.com/072012/1343148096_bbc_one__human_face_development_in_the_womb__1_to_3_months.gif"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Here is a gif of 3 months of fetal facial development. There are some distinctly animal like-forms presented here. That implies a kind of evolutionary microcosm. Is this so, or is this just an illusion?
[Here is the gif in question](_URL_1_) It's from a video from [this](_URL_0_) program. And sorry about the misplaced ... | [
-0.2800784111022949,
-1.01288640499115,
0.5128425359725952,
-0.6962836384773254,
-0.3617473542690277,
-0.3213752210140228,
0.45390209555625916,
-0.48331350088119507,
0.5316684246063232,
0.4808862507343292,
0.9851104617118835,
-0.16545042395591736,
-0.4996603727340698,
0.8028438687324524,
... | |
jpdcq | Are there any good pop science books? | I really enjoy reading about fields of science I'm not familiar with in my spare time, but textbooks can be rather dry. I've found pop science-y introductions like "A Brief History of Time" and "The Selfish Gene" are much easier to bite into - but scientists I've spoken to, and some of the panelists I've read on r/asks... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2e0nvl",
"c2e1fxt",
"c2e0mzs"
],
"text": [
"People expressed skepticism about Dawkins and Dennet's trustworthiness? I've always thought they were quite good. Some individuals may have disagreements with them on some matters (as I may with Dennet on some issues, although I still think... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Are there any good pop science books?
I really enjoy reading about fields of science I'm not familiar with in my spare time, but textbooks can be rather dry. I've found pop science-y introductions like "A Brief History of Time" and "The Selfish Gene" are much easier to bite into - but scientists I've spoken to, and som... | [
-0.5896351933479309,
-0.36639267206192017,
0.5764678716659546,
0.5096073746681213,
-0.6777600049972534,
-0.7242594957351685,
-0.5908625721931458,
-1.4708502292633057,
0.8878865242004395,
0.5985856652259827,
0.8655105233192444,
0.9077425599098206,
-0.264146625995636,
0.8864179849624634,
-... | |
1af481 | A question regarding the limit of the human mind (or lack thereof). | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c8wttc8"
],
"text": [
"There are limitations, but we are pretty good at working around them. A nice example is a four-dimensional object. We can mathematically describe such an object and make all kinds of clever deductions about its properties, but our mind is simply incapable of visualizing... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | A question regarding the limit of the human mind (or lack thereof).
| [
-0.37547174096107483,
-0.422025203704834,
0.5300859808921814,
0.20251818001270294,
0.12076076120138168,
-0.45932537317276,
1.2103509902954102,
-0.12269053608179092,
0.03113888017833233,
0.11642155051231384,
0.33631712198257446,
0.895071804523468,
-0.30212512612342834,
-0.7200980186462402,
... | ||
4fueyd | Why specifically is Tris buffer problematic with single junction AgCl pH meters? | Why specifically (what's the chemical reaction?) is Tris buffer problematic with single junction AgCl pH meters? Our double junction pH meter broke and we switched to single junction AgCl meter for a ~month. All my experiments stopped working and I didn’t correlate right away cause’ everyone elses pH meter stuff worked... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d2caxgj"
],
"text": [
"Seems like tris and silver form a stable complex. See this paper (from 1955):\n\n_URL_0_"
],
"score": [
5
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.bio-rad.com/…/faq/268453677/technical-support-faq>"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja01615a021"
]
} | Why specifically is Tris buffer problematic with single junction AgCl pH meters?
Why specifically (what's the chemical reaction?) is Tris buffer problematic with single junction AgCl pH meters? Our double junction pH meter broke and we switched to single junction AgCl meter for a ~month. All my experiments stopped work... | [
-0.09469147026538849,
-0.27025091648101807,
0.7236023545265198,
-0.062358587980270386,
-0.3605709671974182,
-0.41058558225631714,
-0.5041224360466003,
-0.4768694341182709,
0.9050711989402771,
0.12098405510187149,
0.472756564617157,
0.5905954241752625,
0.11326269060373306,
1.067829012870788... | |
a1ezvm | Are there predators in the microscopic world? | I've been thinking a lot about how life is sustained on earth by consuming. There are top predators all the way down the food chain [such as this cat](_URL_0_). I was wondering about microscopic world, are there any awesome predators in the microscopic world? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"eapk1yc"
],
"text": [
"The predator-prey relationship is pretty consistent across all life forms. In the microscopic world, there are bacteria that devour other bacteria and there are fungi that produce antibiotics to kill various bacteria. We can go a bit below the light microscopy world int... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://youtu.be/s6d9rqhivQY"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Are there predators in the microscopic world?
I've been thinking a lot about how life is sustained on earth by consuming. There are top predators all the way down the food chain [such as this cat](_URL_0_). I was wondering about microscopic world, are there any awesome predators in the microscopic world? | [
-0.3911956548690796,
-0.4434504806995392,
0.8585349321365356,
-0.26900434494018555,
-0.37005704641342163,
-0.1652146279811859,
-0.4193823039531708,
-0.19098971784114838,
0.05725216865539551,
-0.09606476873159409,
1.1031153202056885,
0.706687867641449,
-1.0147844552993774,
1.036665678024292... | |
4809yb | What causes this type of glitch? | _URL_0_
could you help me understand what in the system could cause an error like this? I know is a glitch and is not supposed to happen, but how does it happen? does the game somehow loses track of where the body is and is trying to correct it erratically? is it a problem with the raddoll physics, cause you'll notice... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d0h7fq6"
],
"text": [
"Possibly someone with game developer experience would be more qualified to answer this question, but this type of glitch would certainly be caused by a glitch in the physics simulation. Objects in a game follow the same basic physical rules as objects in real life, but ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKZeqvF1lDs"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | What causes this type of glitch?
_URL_0_ could you help me understand what in the system could cause an error like this? I know is a glitch and is not supposed to happen, but how does it happen? does the game somehow loses track of where the body is and is trying to correct it erratically? is it a problem with the radd... | [
-0.2233717292547226,
-0.695930004119873,
0.5674228072166443,
-0.32758280634880066,
-0.4952031075954437,
-0.21364688873291016,
0.5431948900222778,
-0.39742955565452576,
0.6588628888130188,
0.849956214427948,
0.4824080169200897,
0.007942681200802326,
-1.0964890718460083,
0.5878525376319885,
... | |
94eq86 | How can a system have a high pressure and a low temperature? | More specifically, how does a can of compressed air have a high pressure (relative to the atmosphere) without it having a high temperature? Correct my intuition, but if pressure is the perpendicular force over the area of the can's surface, then the force of the particles has to come from somewhere. If temperature is t... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"e3kizim",
"e3kpm83"
],
"text": [
"Thermodynamic systems have more than one independent variable. If you take a classical ideal gas, the equation of state is PV = NkT. Or written in terms of the number density n = N/V, P = nkT.\n\nIf you take the pressure and temperature to be your indepen... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | How can a system have a high pressure and a low temperature?
More specifically, how does a can of compressed air have a high pressure (relative to the atmosphere) without it having a high temperature? Correct my intuition, but if pressure is the perpendicular force over the area of the can's surface, then the force of ... | [
0.07524525374174118,
-0.28405922651290894,
0.6238235235214233,
0.2139865756034851,
-0.6326090097427368,
-0.6889081001281738,
0.14382117986679077,
-1.4075980186462402,
0.394114226102829,
-0.3196844458580017,
0.6631045341491699,
0.8285878300666809,
-1.1207753419876099,
-0.3572162687778473,
... | |
1rgx9w | Influence of Ca2+ or ACh on muscle relaxation and tetanus. | Hi, I'm not sure if this is the right place for me to post or not, but I've got nowhere else to go.
Here it goes, I'm a first year chiropractic student and I have to write an essay about the properties of nerve conductions.
I've been writing about this for a long time and in the end found myself being confused wether ... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cdn5cpe"
],
"text": [
"ACh is your neurotransmitter which triggers a cellular response. In the case of muscles it will cause calcium influx into the cytosol (either from the sarcoplasmic reticulum or from intracellular reservoirs depending on the type of muscle). The summation is a result of ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Influence of Ca2+ or ACh on muscle relaxation and tetanus.
Hi, I'm not sure if this is the right place for me to post or not, but I've got nowhere else to go. Here it goes, I'm a first year chiropractic student and I have to write an essay about the properties of nerve conductions. I've been writing about this for a lo... | [
-0.1403786540031433,
-0.36554428935050964,
0.7717246413230896,
-0.3806144595146179,
-0.463409960269928,
-0.34056591987609863,
0.1006745994091034,
-0.8951224088668823,
1.1613385677337646,
0.37905725836753845,
0.6731686592102051,
0.7186838388442993,
0.1927565485239029,
0.602337658405304,
0... | |
1ui60r | Is there a term for this evolutionary pattern? | I know that when organisms in the same environment evolve, they often evolve toward similar adaptations. For example, a fish and a dolphin have similar body shapes even though they come from different ancestors.
Of course, there's obviously more than one advantageous adaptation for an environment, which leads me to my... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ceih7f0",
"ceirsj4"
],
"text": [
"Yes, this is called 'Convergent Evolution' and is a major biological theme, and there a number of excellent examples.\n_URL_0_\n\nAs for your second question: \nThere are two things that genetic drift strives towards; though one is technically the subset ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_evolution",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_displacement",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niche_partitioning"
]
} | Is there a term for this evolutionary pattern?
I know that when organisms in the same environment evolve, they often evolve toward similar adaptations. For example, a fish and a dolphin have similar body shapes even though they come from different ancestors. Of course, there's obviously more than one advantageous adapt... | [
0.050163500010967255,
-0.48700571060180664,
1.0459420680999756,
-0.3398638963699341,
-0.34540486335754395,
-0.055665209889411926,
0.7199891209602356,
-0.9537304043769836,
0.21392494440078735,
-0.3960151672363281,
1.2741819620132446,
0.10347370058298111,
-0.41570842266082764,
1.131010055541... | |
2d2db3 | How does the Valsalva Maneuver work? | I'm quite confused now. The thing I'm particularly unsure about is how it can be used in supraventricular tachycardias. Because after initiating the maneuver, wouldn't we first expect a reflex activation of the sympathetic nervous system (due to falling CO) in an attempt to preserve homeostasis, and this would NOT be b... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cjliciw"
],
"text": [
"You get an initial rise in cardiac output as the blood in the Vena Cava is \"squeezed\" into the right ventricle. \n\nThe extra blood in the right ventricle causes increased inotropy by the Frank-Starling mechanism and cardiac output initially rises and heart rate slows... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | How does the Valsalva Maneuver work?
I'm quite confused now. The thing I'm particularly unsure about is how it can be used in supraventricular tachycardias. Because after initiating the maneuver, wouldn't we first expect a reflex activation of the sympathetic nervous system (due to falling CO) in an attempt to preserve... | [
-0.18205346167087555,
-0.36555367708206177,
1.041126012802124,
-0.4063350260257721,
-0.527978777885437,
-0.08172053098678589,
0.22879670560359955,
-0.8242217302322388,
0.36023956537246704,
0.7772728800773621,
0.6396865248680115,
0.42922890186309814,
-0.08310586214065552,
0.3877871334552765... | |
39ow7l | Is there a reason people from the Black Sea were so succesful spreading their genes and culture? | I mean because the Indogermanic language is spread across a vast territory and i just read that blue eyes also developed there | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cs5dc1j"
],
"text": [
"Language does not correlate well at all with genes. That's an old 19th century view that has been thoroughly discredited by modern genetics. Just to take one example, there's a larger genetic variation within the Finnish-speaking population than there is between many gr... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Is there a reason people from the Black Sea were so succesful spreading their genes and culture?
I mean because the Indogermanic language is spread across a vast territory and i just read that blue eyes also developed there | [
0.13585983216762543,
-0.8034258484840393,
0.47041693329811096,
-0.9493615031242371,
-0.011096230708062649,
-0.22553326189517975,
0.27856096625328064,
-0.48922860622406006,
-0.09536013752222061,
-0.4064391553401947,
0.9401858448982239,
-0.006157383322715759,
-0.6248927116394043,
1.304955005... | |
2pggqy | Why does water show anomalous behaviour of expansion ? | Water expands from 4 degrees to 0 degrees temperature, this is deviation from general behaviour of fluids.
Why water show this behaviour ?
Was Water 'designed' such by 'someone' so life in water can survive and evolution can happen as life on earth began from water ? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cmwmesp"
],
"text": [
"The jury is still out on this one. What we know is that it has something to do with the hydrogen bonding behaviour of water. \n\nThere are two related scenarios that seem plausible. Both have in common the notion that the normal pressure phase ice Ih has a lower density... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v13/n7/full/nmat4022.html"
]
} | Why does water show anomalous behaviour of expansion ?
Water expands from 4 degrees to 0 degrees temperature, this is deviation from general behaviour of fluids. Why water show this behaviour ? Was Water 'designed' such by 'someone' so life in water can survive and evolution can happen as life on earth began from water... | [
0.01857990212738514,
-0.20397494733333588,
1.0754146575927734,
-0.0005370071157813072,
-0.21130074560642242,
-0.4940221905708313,
0.37736815214157104,
-0.3615095913410187,
0.11586759239435196,
-0.15147516131401062,
1.1450490951538086,
0.37217622995376587,
-1.212280511856079,
1.016686320304... | |
387e1w | I want to drive across Lake Superior. How cold does it need to get and for how long before this would be safe to do? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"crt32nv",
"crt6txj"
],
"text": [
"Ice thickness on a river/lake can be estimated by [Stefan's Equation](_URL_0_):\n\nt=0.5(AFDD)^1/2\n\nThe exact coefficient (I used 0.5) depends upon snow cover/wind etc. AFDD is the accumulated freezing degree days (fahrenheit). For each day, you cal... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://faculty.babson.edu/goldstein/goldsteingroup/TN04-3.pdf"
]
} | I want to drive across Lake Superior. How cold does it need to get and for how long before this would be safe to do?
| [
-0.6535256505012512,
0.15985196828842163,
0.9425405263900757,
-0.5791815519332886,
0.17045152187347412,
-0.9776394367218018,
-0.02131783589720726,
-0.148004949092865,
1.7653813362121582,
0.4675869643688202,
0.8959412574768066,
0.020332271233201027,
-0.004892638884484768,
0.2498204410076141... | ||
166yij | A question about probabilities in a game of hearts. | Consider a standard 52 card deck dealt to 4 people. The rules say that the first card played by each person must be their lowest club (Aces are high). The first cards played are:
Player A: 2 of clubs,
Player B: 3 of clubs
Player C: 4 of clubs
Player D: King of clubs
My question is, What's the probability that Pl... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c7tcul5"
],
"text": [
"It's actually *greater* than 1/4.\n\nWe know player D has the king of clubs and no lower clubs. There are 39 choose 12 ways he could have only the king and 39 choose 11 ways he could have the king and the ace. This gives the ratio of \"king only\" to \"king and ace\" as... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | A question about probabilities in a game of hearts.
Consider a standard 52 card deck dealt to 4 people. The rules say that the first card played by each person must be their lowest club (Aces are high). The first cards played are: Player A: 2 of clubs, Player B: 3 of clubs Player C: 4 of clubs Player D: King of clubs M... | [
-0.14393633604049683,
-0.8800318837165833,
0.11624130606651306,
0.34286776185035706,
-0.33735769987106323,
-0.21904797852039337,
-0.1581718474626541,
-1.3219777345657349,
0.326869934797287,
0.6721943616867065,
0.33397722244262695,
0.5953049063682556,
-1.0162924528121948,
-0.259613126516342... | |
sjdzv | How difficult would it be to spike a town's water supply w. LSD? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c4ei2dh",
"c4ehwrb",
"c4ei196",
"c4ei4fl",
"c4ehz2d"
],
"text": [
"I've worked for a water company so I feel I have some expertise on the ability to poision a water supply. I can't speak about how much LSD or w.e drug you may have it would take, but that would depend on the to... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_MKULTRA",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Hofmann",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbie_Hoffman",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbie_Hoffman"
]
} | How difficult would it be to spike a town's water supply w. LSD?
| [
-0.43418073654174805,
-0.46099668741226196,
-0.004751437809318304,
-0.3748796284198761,
-0.8180235028266907,
-0.549623966217041,
-0.19579681754112244,
-0.574650764465332,
0.8398150205612183,
0.4924660623073578,
0.39725255966186523,
0.30618706345558167,
-1.0055698156356812,
0.58750343322753... | ||
1mg68w | Why is the evidence for evolution not considered as an example of the sharpshooter's fallacy? | It seems as though the theory of evolution has been worked out by scientists to explain how species could have evolved from single cell organisms through intermediate forms, natural selection, etc. When we find all these fossils and date them, how are we sure that we're not just seeing evidence for a construct we've al... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cc9bm33"
],
"text": [
"The sharpshooter fallacy specifically refers to constructing and testing a hypothesis using the **same data**. The reason all science doesn't fall into this fallacy is that we continue to produce new data. If we had read Darwin's book and only used his specific exampl... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_sharpshooter_fallacy"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Why is the evidence for evolution not considered as an example of the sharpshooter's fallacy?
It seems as though the theory of evolution has been worked out by scientists to explain how species could have evolved from single cell organisms through intermediate forms, natural selection, etc. When we find all these fossi... | [
-0.10109156370162964,
-0.05724053829908371,
0.5206814408302307,
0.31244486570358276,
-0.5757313966751099,
-0.1312975287437439,
0.06675470620393753,
-1.2052637338638306,
1.330385446548462,
-0.17388994991779327,
0.9930038452148438,
0.5692128539085388,
-0.4321630299091339,
0.5387157201766968,... | |
qfhls | If you took your dog to the other hemisphere, when would they shed? | If my dog and I live in the northern hemisphere but move to Australia in the middle of the winter, when will he shed next? He would have his winter fur when we moved, but it would be mid-summer in Australia. Would he shed right away and then have to grow winter fur again very soon, or would he go for a long time withou... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c3xb3sk"
],
"text": [
"The thing that governs shedding cycles in wild wolves is the seasonal variation of daylight hours. Exposure to light affects the production of melatonin, which in turn affects hair growth.\n\nIn addition to sunlight, most domestic dogs are exposed to all kinds of artif... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | If you took your dog to the other hemisphere, when would they shed?
If my dog and I live in the northern hemisphere but move to Australia in the middle of the winter, when will he shed next? He would have his winter fur when we moved, but it would be mid-summer in Australia. Would he shed right away and then have to gr... | [
0.18293845653533936,
-0.2844333350658417,
0.7440009713172913,
-0.8933567404747009,
-0.11578915268182755,
-0.43834730982780457,
0.4260307252407074,
-1.2066352367401123,
0.9352056980133057,
0.1426779180765152,
0.13680389523506165,
0.021990453824400902,
0.2731209695339203,
0.6992075443267822,... | |
115f4q | Question about air flow | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c6jh5m0"
],
"text": [
"> Does the outside temperature affect the temperature range of the ac (in my car)? Meaning, if it's 100 degrees outside my ac can blow air at 70 degrees, would running my ac when its 70 make it blow air at 40 degrees? \n\nYes to an extent, air conditioning units can on... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Question about air flow
| [
-0.2886199653148651,
-0.37182965874671936,
0.3570915758609772,
0.28506866097450256,
-0.640067994594574,
-0.32239148020744324,
0.6422325372695923,
0.06546211242675781,
0.6069914698600769,
-0.8752049803733826,
0.47710511088371277,
0.3537704050540924,
0.1423192173242569,
-0.7898392081260681,
... | ||
8l8a27 | 1 Can anybody who knows psychology explain to me what is going on when people experience serious mental block in front of a camera? | I am talking about this _URL_0_ And let us ignore the point Kimmel is trying to make. I refuse to believe that so many people are not able to name a book when asked in front of the camera. Even if they don't read, I'm sure those people could have come up with an answer if asked casually by a friend. So what is actually... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"dzhfg4g"
],
"text": [
"Aside from the obvious: selective editing, What is probably happening here is - they got nervous. Besides being distracted because they are thinking about being on television, they are going into sympathetic nervous system mode. The 3 Fs. Fight, flight, freeze.\n\nWhen ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJdNrCeUdhc"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | 1 Can anybody who knows psychology explain to me what is going on when people experience serious mental block in front of a camera?
I am talking about this _URL_0_ And let us ignore the point Kimmel is trying to make. I refuse to believe that so many people are not able to name a book when asked in front of the camera.... | [
-0.04384753108024597,
-0.376363605260849,
0.7838743925094604,
0.0671217069029808,
-0.9899041652679443,
-0.030758222565054893,
0.20080655813217163,
-0.8784666061401367,
0.7911370992660522,
0.8544324636459351,
0.6521683931350708,
0.2694073021411896,
-0.45775505900382996,
0.7197999358177185,
... | |
2h9h0e | Psychologists! If someone were assigned to periodically check-in on the progress of a chronic procrastinator's task, would it help them toward accomplishing their task? | This idea came from a conversation between my wife, who is a very motivated/on-task person, and myself, a lifelong procrastinator.
I hypothesized that if I informed someone of my desired task and the time/date to accomplish it, and I instructed them to occasionally check in on me for any measurable progress, this mig... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"ckv0iaa"
],
"text": [
"Checking up on progress is only one part of a reasonable solution... The next step is positive reinforcement any and all progress. Procrastination can be conceptualized as a negatively reinforced cycle. First, you start working on a task, or just think about starting, w... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Psychologists! If someone were assigned to periodically check-in on the progress of a chronic procrastinator's task, would it help them toward accomplishing their task?
This idea came from a conversation between my wife, who is a very motivated/on-task person, and myself, a lifelong procrastinator. I hypothesized that ... | [
-0.1026662066578865,
0.19650621712207794,
0.9492836594581604,
-0.642840564250946,
-0.40198418498039246,
-0.2425355613231659,
0.3956760764122009,
-0.3269297778606415,
0.9335678815841675,
-0.14114703238010406,
0.46679922938346863,
0.39248570799827576,
0.32218649983406067,
1.036680817604065,
... | |
34i4ca | What happens to a person if you were to remove all sources of telling time for them? | I'm not sure how to phrase this one.
What would happen if you placed a person in a closed environment with no access to anything that they could use to tell the passing of time, other than their biological functions. No access to changing stimuli I suppose could be enforced also? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cqw5snz",
"cqvgom4"
],
"text": [
"I'm not sure what aspect of functioning you're questioning here, whether people's \"internal clocks\" would get messed up or whether people would be conscious of how much time is passing. I'll answer the former. People have an endogenous (i.e. internally ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12622846",
"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/284/5423/2177.short"
]
} | What happens to a person if you were to remove all sources of telling time for them?
I'm not sure how to phrase this one. What would happen if you placed a person in a closed environment with no access to anything that they could use to tell the passing of time, other than their biological functions. No access to chang... | [
0.014111333526670933,
0.0933896079659462,
0.505236804485321,
0.5134548544883728,
-0.19982613623142242,
-0.2026558220386505,
0.7587693929672241,
-0.4776746928691864,
0.06775380671024323,
0.5798684358596802,
0.24538317322731018,
0.6756302714347839,
-0.8489190340042114,
0.32890209555625916,
... | |
52ihro | Years ago I heard about the discovery of the memristor. Haven't heard anything about them since. What's the story? Are they being used widely? | It was hailed as a breakthrough discovery and would supposedly allow all kinds of new (or improved) things. But I've not seen anything about them for years. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d7l207d",
"d7kvjku"
],
"text": [
"I guess there are a couple of definitions first - when most techies talking about memristors they specifically mean the HP technology. That has proven difficult to commercialise (problems producing at volume). An electrical engineer, however, would consid... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://knowm.org/memristors/"
]
} | Years ago I heard about the discovery of the memristor. Haven't heard anything about them since. What's the story? Are they being used widely?
It was hailed as a breakthrough discovery and would supposedly allow all kinds of new (or improved) things. But I've not seen anything about them for years. | [
-0.10475292056798935,
-0.5329618453979492,
1.0209276676177979,
-1.0981028079986572,
-0.18546411395072937,
-0.4769231081008911,
-0.006338873412460089,
-0.44152116775512695,
0.22790241241455078,
0.04975755512714386,
0.8062776327133179,
0.5191695094108582,
0.9268038868904114,
0.86128914356231... | |
jxoj5 | This may be explained here: Why is human civilization not generally seen as part of nature but a beaver damn is? | I took this from [here](_URL_0_) so please give [DaYooper](_URL_1_) some love. I didn't find any satisfying answers in AskReddit, and I figured that you may have a more informed opinion. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c2fz25n",
"c2fzp0g"
],
"text": [
"For historical reasons and the desire of humans to set themselves as separate and distinct from the natural world - though Irene and other events show the folly of that belief.\n\nHumans are certainly part of nature and the natural world, and as Pliny the... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskReddit/comments/jwwv5/why_is_human_civilization_not_generally_seen_as/",
"http://www.reddit.com/user/DaYooper"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | This may be explained here: Why is human civilization not generally seen as part of nature but a beaver damn is?
I took this from [here](_URL_0_) so please give [DaYooper](_URL_1_) some love. I didn't find any satisfying answers in AskReddit, and I figured that you may have a more informed opinion. | [
0.31332165002822876,
-0.22778579592704773,
0.1941080391407013,
-0.1006026491522789,
-0.5933993458747864,
-0.3218196630477905,
0.33634114265441895,
-0.48746734857559204,
1.1831433773040771,
0.6639117002487183,
0.728151261806488,
0.21878497302532196,
-0.8287323713302612,
1.0253252983093262,
... | |
14oel5 | What are the various methods to find young's modulus? | I want to find young's moduli of rods of different materials. It will be of a lot help to me if some of you can suggest various methods to find it using instruments that will be available in an undergraduate laboratory. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c7fy2zw",
"c7ey6vp",
"c7f11gu"
],
"text": [
"Young's modulus is linear stress vs. linear strain. So any test that measures these two properties during incremental loading. The number of tests is staggering, because the number of possible materials that can related to Young's Modulus... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I28m4FZzqro"
]
} | What are the various methods to find young's modulus?
I want to find young's moduli of rods of different materials. It will be of a lot help to me if some of you can suggest various methods to find it using instruments that will be available in an undergraduate laboratory. | [
-0.23604783415794373,
0.05876634269952774,
0.7262359857559204,
-0.3825668692588806,
-0.4796280860900879,
-0.19671592116355896,
0.33672234416007996,
-0.9925892353057861,
1.181018352508545,
-0.5877508521080017,
0.444449782371521,
-0.07112646102905273,
-0.11951851099729538,
0.431826114654541,... | |
50m9y1 | How many possibilities are there to arrange these objects? | Assuming I have three of A, one of B and one of C, how many possibilities are there to arrange these five objects and is it possible to calculate the number or do I have to make a list and count them? How would more objects (e.g. 4xA 2xB 3xC 1xD) change it. I know how to calculate the number of possiblities if there ar... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"d758qta"
],
"text": [
"If all objects are unique, then the answer, *n*!, is straightforward. Just like you said.\n\nNow how does this change when some objects are not unique but mutually interchangeable? Suppose we *n* objects (*n* > 2), but 2 of them are the same. How many arrangements are... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | How many possibilities are there to arrange these objects?
Assuming I have three of A, one of B and one of C, how many possibilities are there to arrange these five objects and is it possible to calculate the number or do I have to make a list and count them? How would more objects (e.g. 4xA 2xB 3xC 1xD) change it. I k... | [
-0.31247785687446594,
-0.1864345371723175,
0.6788181066513062,
0.7837461829185486,
-0.7776697874069214,
-0.17115448415279388,
0.1944475919008255,
-1.1562950611114502,
0.08647318184375763,
0.06395047903060913,
0.210091233253479,
0.4150911271572113,
-1.4444524049758911,
-0.40545350313186646,... | |
mdo69 | How would one go about producing a KY jelly-like substance for the purpose of jelly wrestling? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c303gbs"
],
"text": [
"[Methyl cellulose](_URL_0_) and [Hydroxyethyl cellulose](_URL_1_) are pretty good bet. \n\nMethyl cellulose dissolves in cold water, and increases viscosity as the temperature increases. You can get different grades of the product. It is non-toxic, non-allergenic, and n... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl_cellulose",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyethyl_cellulose",
"http://www.willpowder.net/methylcellulose.html"
]
} | How would one go about producing a KY jelly-like substance for the purpose of jelly wrestling?
| [
-0.5857140421867371,
0.11302653700113297,
1.1626743078231812,
-0.2349179983139038,
-0.6568199396133423,
-0.49611029028892517,
0.8166233897209167,
-0.03798310086131096,
1.0517385005950928,
0.7459035515785217,
0.5344170928001404,
0.7186623811721802,
-1.1178566217422485,
0.743851363658905,
... | ||
t57s6 | What exactly are 'floaters' or- those things that you see and bother you. | I understand that they are inside my eye- but are they alive? Or floating dead bits?
There are the tube-shaped ones and the tiny ones; but is it all a matter of perspective? I've always been so curious. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c4ju4ju"
],
"text": [
"They're not alive. Most often they are little protein splotches in the vitreous humour that fills your eye.\n\nThe vitreous humor is a gel made mostly of water, held in a blob by a matrix of protein. In spots where the matrix breaks down and separates from the water, th... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | What exactly are 'floaters' or- those things that you see and bother you.
I understand that they are inside my eye- but are they alive? Or floating dead bits? There are the tube-shaped ones and the tiny ones; but is it all a matter of perspective? I've always been so curious. | [
-0.8603962063789368,
-0.1648290902376175,
1.0917125940322876,
0.5028872489929199,
-1.0219016075134277,
-0.3202805519104004,
-0.45362937450408936,
-0.2282240390777588,
-0.056409142911434174,
-0.07187586277723312,
1.2712209224700928,
-0.2368052452802658,
-0.498733788728714,
0.550465404987335... | |
oopik | In Ion Exchange Chromatography why do the molecules with the same charge as the stationary phase not stay at the top of the column? | I was doing some theory on this and I couldn't understand why the repulsion between the two substances kept them from 'mixing'. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c3iu4s0",
"c3w559v"
],
"text": [
"Well, if they have the same charge as the stationary phase, it means they are not retained by it. At the same time, there is a mobile phase going through the tube, \"pushing\" the products towards the end of the tube. These compounds are not retained, so ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming_current"
]
} | In Ion Exchange Chromatography why do the molecules with the same charge as the stationary phase not stay at the top of the column?
I was doing some theory on this and I couldn't understand why the repulsion between the two substances kept them from 'mixing'. | [
-0.07845345884561539,
0.027785848826169968,
0.8540345430374146,
0.2327955812215805,
-0.5938500165939331,
-0.4327893853187561,
0.005152122583240271,
-0.5341489911079407,
0.9678635597229004,
0.26575201749801636,
1.1686161756515503,
0.3479991853237152,
-1.064749002456665,
0.30154627561569214,... | |
18k9pb | B12 supplements and athletic efficiency? | I read on a bottle of B12 supplements that they help in the production of red blood cells. Could taking these supplements theoretically improve my athletic efficiency, as there would be more red blood cells to deliver oxygen to my muscles quicker? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c8fjfdd"
],
"text": [
"B12 is the essential for the production of functioning RBCs. It is required for purine and thymidylate syntheses, thus without it you cannot form DNA. Thus, a deficiency will lead to anemia, in which you would most definitely see a decline in athletic performance.\n\nA... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1959.tb14477.x/abstract"
]
} | B12 supplements and athletic efficiency?
I read on a bottle of B12 supplements that they help in the production of red blood cells. Could taking these supplements theoretically improve my athletic efficiency, as there would be more red blood cells to deliver oxygen to my muscles quicker? | [
0.37088096141815186,
-0.01051633246243,
0.7313780784606934,
-0.7325932383537292,
-0.7930560111999512,
-0.1944166123867035,
0.2315220981836319,
-1.2660735845565796,
1.0310840606689453,
0.08486874401569366,
0.5418255925178528,
0.7474167346954346,
-1.1837399005889893,
-0.06381582468748093,
... | |
178coe | Does the Golgi Complex function differently in different tissue types? | I understand the basic structure and function of the Golgi Apparatus however am confused on whether this structure and its functions vary amongst different cells and tissues (ie liver cells v neuron cells) | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c83ohh0"
],
"text": [
"it packages and processes pretty similarly in all cells. if the mRNA was spliced differently in different cells then the protein would be different and would be packaged differently depending on the amino acid sequence. the same protein is always folded similarly in my ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Does the Golgi Complex function differently in different tissue types?
I understand the basic structure and function of the Golgi Apparatus however am confused on whether this structure and its functions vary amongst different cells and tissues (ie liver cells v neuron cells) | [
-0.13304762542247772,
-0.35639169812202454,
0.903144896030426,
-0.13913068175315857,
-0.8013079166412354,
-0.05726105347275734,
0.9814200401306152,
-0.37044867873191833,
-0.011761361733078957,
0.16101418435573578,
1.012951374053955,
0.22153863310813904,
-1.0042049884796143,
0.5049588680267... | |
2lqthg | Why do some materials exhibit an endurance limit, and others not? | _URL_0_
Am I right in thinking that most materials, under cyclic load, exhibit an S-N curve like aluminum's in the above link, and those such as steels that exhibit endurance limits are uncommon?
And if so, why does the endurance limit show up in certain materials? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"clyaj4d"
],
"text": [
"This is due to the composition of each material. The majority of non ferrous alloys don't have an endurance limit. Steel does. The reason steels have an endurance limit is due to the presence of carbon in the alloy. If you submit a metal to certain stresses, dislocation... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/S-N_curves.PNG"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | Why do some materials exhibit an endurance limit, and others not?
_URL_0_ Am I right in thinking that most materials, under cyclic load, exhibit an S-N curve like aluminum's in the above link, and those such as steels that exhibit endurance limits are uncommon? And if so, why does the endurance limit show up in certain... | [
0.12492422759532928,
-0.7851534485816956,
0.682048499584198,
0.12475339323282242,
-0.499686598777771,
-0.5008533000946045,
0.19484059512615204,
-1.330741047859192,
-0.22526460886001587,
-0.047463156282901764,
0.7296890020370483,
0.0841955915093422,
-0.6098641753196716,
-0.17855016887187958... | |
uxbh6 | How do you calculate when two differing sinusoidal signals become in phase? | Given two signals f1 = sin(w1*t + a) and f2 = sin(w2*t + b) where w1,w2 are radial frequencies and a,b are some initial phase, there will be moments when f1 and f2 are perfectly in phase (i.e., add constructively) and moments when they are perfectly out of phase (i.e., they exactly cancel). How does one calculate the t... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c4ze42t",
"c4ze9zo"
],
"text": [
"The arguments of the sine functions should be equal when the two are in phase",
"To solve for the point where the signal is maximized, you find the time point where each of the arguments of both the sine functions are equal to pi/2 + 2 * pi * n, while... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | How do you calculate when two differing sinusoidal signals become in phase?
Given two signals f1 = sin(w1*t + a) and f2 = sin(w2*t + b) where w1,w2 are radial frequencies and a,b are some initial phase, there will be moments when f1 and f2 are perfectly in phase (i.e., add constructively) and moments when they are perf... | [
-0.6456523537635803,
-0.8398054838180542,
0.8827493786811829,
0.4321882128715515,
-0.9167093634605408,
-0.33072933554649353,
-0.4424076974391937,
-0.6326956152915955,
0.9569568634033203,
-0.47105541825294495,
0.9428409337997437,
1.0761663913726807,
-0.5604427456855774,
-0.3207951486110687,... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.