q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 10 300 | selftext stringlengths 0 10.9k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 1
value | answers dict | title_urls dict | selftext_urls dict | answers_urls dict | title_body stringlengths 17 10.9k | embeddings list |
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yqrxp | My high school cross-country coach always said it was better to breath through your nose while running. Is there any truth to this, and if so whats the science behind it? | askscience | {
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"You will suffocate trying to breathe only through your nose while running unless you are going at a pace that is way too easy anyway. Here's a thread of runners laughing at the idea that you are... | {
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"http://www.runnersworld.com/community/forums/runner-communities/beginners/mouth-v-nose-breathing",
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"http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/gallery/2012/aug/12/london-olympic-mens-marathon-pictures#/?picture=394618582&index... | My high school cross-country coach always said it was better to breath through your nose while running. Is there any truth to this, and if so whats the science behind it?
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2adhsb | Why does pumping your breaks make you stop faster than locking your breaks? | I don't see why constant friction is worse. | askscience | {
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} | Why does pumping your breaks make you stop faster than locking your breaks?
I don't see why constant friction is worse. | [
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z0weu | Question about the beginning of evolution | askscience | {
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"Yikes. The age old irreducible complexity argument followed by the macroevolution denial. \n\nSo you friend can accept that there are small changes. Well can she accept that there are many small ... | {
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"http://en.wikipedia.org... | Question about the beginning of evolution
| [
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80f3zu | Are there any other devices that convert electricity into rotation? | Other than conventional motors where (electro)magnets pull each other. | askscience | {
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"url": [
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} | Are there any other devices that convert electricity into rotation?
Other than conventional motors where (electro)magnets pull each other. | [
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umuhd | What percent of the atoms that you were born with do you die with? | First off, thanks for the replies! Second, let's clarify a few points! To start, let's assume that you live for a significant period of time (say 80 years) and therefore the trivial limit of dying instantly is not relevant. Further, I think landryraccoon captured the spirit of the question best when he wrote, "suppose ... | askscience | {
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"url": [
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} | What percent of the atoms that you were born with do you die with?
First off, thanks for the replies! Second, let's clarify a few points! To start, let's assume that you live for a significant period of time (say 80 years) and therefore the trivial limit of dying instantly is not relevant. Further, I think landryraccoo... | [
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6fn856 | In domestic violence, why do victims stay with their abusers? | I've researched quite a bit about domestic violence recently. I've read articles, listened to stories, and watched videos. A theme quickly became apparent in my research: that many victims of domestic violence stay with their abusers.
The research about my question, why so many victims stay with their abusers, has tur... | askscience | {
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} | In domestic violence, why do victims stay with their abusers?
I've researched quite a bit about domestic violence recently. I've read articles, listened to stories, and watched videos. A theme quickly became apparent in my research: that many victims of domestic violence stay with their abusers. The research about my q... | [
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3yfycd | Does sending a text to someone in a stadium full of people take longer to deliver due to the mass amount of devices being used in such a concentrated area? | For example, I sent a text on my iPhone today to my sister, who was at a football game. I noticed it took a bit longer to say "delivered", when usually it's nearly instantaneous. | askscience | {
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} | Does sending a text to someone in a stadium full of people take longer to deliver due to the mass amount of devices being used in such a concentrated area?
For example, I sent a text on my iPhone today to my sister, who was at a football game. I noticed it took a bit longer to say "delivered", when usually it's nearly ... | [
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amtx59 | How smart are octopi? I know they can solve puzzles and mazes and open lids to jars, but how to they compare to humans? Are they as smart as a young child, for example? | askscience | {
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"Broad scale intelligence comparisons like this are basically impossible to do well, but while octopuses are smart they aren't _that_ smart. Really amazingly smart compared to their relatives, clams and snails. Smart compared to other inv... | {
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} | How smart are octopi? I know they can solve puzzles and mazes and open lids to jars, but how to they compare to humans? Are they as smart as a young child, for example?
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6kpohq | On an infinite square grid of perfect one Ohm resistors, what is the equivalent resistance between two points that are a knight's move from each other? | [Relevant XKCD](_URL_0_)
I've been reading XKCD for years at this point, and I like looking into things that appear in the comics. What is the resistance here, how would you work it out, and why is it so incredibly hard? | askscience | {
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} | On an infinite square grid of perfect one Ohm resistors, what is the equivalent resistance between two points that are a knight's move from each other?
[Relevant XKCD](_URL_0_) I've been reading XKCD for years at this point, and I like looking into things that appear in the comics. What is the resistance here, how woul... | [
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3uyc6f | How accurate are these images of brains depicting mental conditions? | [deleted] | askscience | {
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"If by \"accurate\" you mean are these real images of healthy and unhealthy brains, then the answer is yes. After poking around, it seems like (at least some of) these images come from the Mayo clinic: _URL_0_\n... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pet-scan/multimedia/-pet-scan-of-the-brain-for-depression/img-20007400"
]
} | How accurate are these images of brains depicting mental conditions?
[deleted] | [
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3d3e1z | Uncertainty principle - why is the ability to measure the location and movement simultaneously a violation of the laws of physics instead of insufficiently advanced measuring tools? | askscience | {
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"An ELI5 explanation would be that the uncertainty principle is a statement about the structure of waves. Position uncertainty basically corresponds to how spread-out a wave is, and momentum uncertainty corresponds to how spread-out the wave... | {
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"url": [
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} | Uncertainty principle - why is the ability to measure the location and movement simultaneously a violation of the laws of physics instead of insufficiently advanced measuring tools?
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j58xi | If birds have hollow bones, then do they have bone marrow? Where does hematopoesis happen if they don't? | Birds have hollow bones and have red blood cells with nuclei (I guess Maximum Ride was good for one thing). Do they have bone marrow? If not, how does hematopoesis work? And semi-related: how do red blood cells with nuclei affect their circulatory systems? | askscience | {
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} | If birds have hollow bones, then do they have bone marrow? Where does hematopoesis happen if they don't?
Birds have hollow bones and have red blood cells with nuclei (I guess Maximum Ride was good for one thing). Do they have bone marrow? If not, how does hematopoesis work? And semi-related: how do red blood cells with... | [
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noxg2 | Dad trying to explain why climate change isn't an issue because water vapor will regulate the climate, he was a chemistry major at rice in the 70's and is not a dumb guy (holiday strife, please help). | He states that the regulation of the temperature by water vapor is so great that any amount of carbon in the atmosphere is negligible. He was showing me the percent of water vapor in the atmosphere at different temperatures, their capacity to absorb heat through evaporation, and how the tiny amounts of carbon and metha... | askscience | {
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"url": []
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"url": [
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"http://geoflop.uchicago.edu/forecast/docs/Projects/modtran.html",
"h... | Dad trying to explain why climate change isn't an issue because water vapor will regulate the climate, he was a chemistry major at rice in the 70's and is not a dumb guy (holiday strife, please help).
He states that the regulation of the temperature by water vapor is so great that any amount of carbon in the atmosphere... | [
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1e8flv | Are rates of infection less in countries where handshakes are not a cultural norm? | Basically are rates of infection higher in cultures where handshaking is the norm, compared to cultures where they have some other form of greeting - eg bowing in Japan | askscience | {
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"EDIT2: Heading to sleep, there are plenty of people floating around that can get to your questions, but I won't be able to for a while. So apologies if you go unheard.\n\nEDITS: Formatting for re... | {
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} | {
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} | Are rates of infection less in countries where handshakes are not a cultural norm?
Basically are rates of infection higher in cultures where handshaking is the norm, compared to cultures where they have some other form of greeting - eg bowing in Japan | [
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rr7vn | My mother won't get off my back about this one, if you sleep with the lights on is it true your body won't produce enough melatonin? | My mother watches doctor oz like no other, and I often fall asleep with my lights on because I'm too lazy to get up and turn them off. She thinks now my body isn't producing enough melatonin and freaks out at me anytime she sees my light on while I'm still sleeping.
Is she actually right or being crazy? | askscience | {
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"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/rr7vn/my_mother_wont_get_off_my_back_about_this_one_if/c47ztr0",
... | My mother won't get off my back about this one, if you sleep with the lights on is it true your body won't produce enough melatonin?
My mother watches doctor oz like no other, and I often fall asleep with my lights on because I'm too lazy to get up and turn them off. She thinks now my body isn't producing enough melato... | [
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13rv4i | What are the restraints of building taller buildings ? | I occasionally see [these kind of pictures](_URL_0_) and can't help but wonder how far we are off in years from building skyscrapers like these. Or is it financially implausible to build such structures? | askscience | {
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} | {
"url": [
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} | {
"url": [
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Khalifa"
]
} | What are the restraints of building taller buildings ?
I occasionally see [these kind of pictures](_URL_0_) and can't help but wonder how far we are off in years from building skyscrapers like these. Or is it financially implausible to build such structures? | [
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yt7ej | Why do we feel like eating certain foods at times over others? | For instance, sometimes people may want something crunchy, or get even more specific by naming exactly what they feel like eating. Does it depend on the climate? If so, what changes occur in our bodies to tell our brain that we crave a certain kind of food? | askscience | {
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"Someone who knows what they are talking about can back me up on this one. I saw a video that said your body and brain together knows what nutrition you are running low on and will pick an item that has the nutrition that you need. This is w... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.timesunion.com/living/article/What-makes-us-eat-certain-things-not-others-1329231.php",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pica_(disorder)",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14984802"
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} | Why do we feel like eating certain foods at times over others?
For instance, sometimes people may want something crunchy, or get even more specific by naming exactly what they feel like eating. Does it depend on the climate? If so, what changes occur in our bodies to tell our brain that we crave a certain kind of food? | [
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1nkp03 | Do particles, like neutrinos affect anything, if they somehow stopped existing, would it have a noticeable effect on us and what we can observe around us? | I'm assuming, there are other kinds of particles, that don't interact electromagnetically. Please correct me, if that assumption is wrong. | askscience | {
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} | Do particles, like neutrinos affect anything, if they somehow stopped existing, would it have a noticeable effect on us and what we can observe around us?
I'm assuming, there are other kinds of particles, that don't interact electromagnetically. Please correct me, if that assumption is wrong. | [
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2m328u | The Philae lander has successfully landed on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. AskScience Megathread. | Here's the ESA livestream:
* _URL_3_
Here's some more resources about the Rosetta spacecraft:
* _URL_5_
* _URL_4_
* _URL_2_
* _URL_7_
* [THE ROSETTA LANDER (“PHILAE”) INVESTIGATIONS](_URL_6_)
Here's the first images from the Philae lander:
* _URL_8_ (Philae leaves Rosetta, courtesy of /r/space)
* ... | askscience | {
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"http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/... | {
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"https://pbs.twimg.com/media/B2QqA8QCUAEAQAu.jpg",
"https://imgm.24liveblog.com/2014/11/13/m_5463ac1932453_s.jpg",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2m386f/why_did_it_take_10_years_for_the_philae_probe_to/",
"http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/... | The Philae lander has successfully landed on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. AskScience Megathread.
Here's the ESA livestream: * _URL_3_ Here's some more resources about the Rosetta spacecraft: * _URL_5_ * _URL_4_ * _URL_2_ * _URL_7_ * [THE ROSETTA LANDER (“PHILAE”) INVESTIGATIONS](_URL_6_) Here's the first images fro... | [
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3ifgby | What are the circle/dot pattern on car windows? | I've been noticing [this pattern](_URL_0_) on car windows a lot recently, especially on luxurious cars like benz and bmw. Can anyone explain to me why this pattern is there? Is it up protection or just the way the glass was made?
& nbsp;
Thanks! | askscience | {
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"This has to do with the tempering process for the glass. Tempered glass is used to not only strengthen the glass, but to have it break into less hurtful chunks when you get into, say, a collision. The dots are different stress points of t... | {
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]
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toughened_glass#/media/File:CarWindowPolarization.jpg"
]
} | What are the circle/dot pattern on car windows?
I've been noticing [this pattern](_URL_0_) on car windows a lot recently, especially on luxurious cars like benz and bmw. Can anyone explain to me why this pattern is there? Is it up protection or just the way the glass was made? & nbsp; Thanks! | [
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bgnypm | If you are at the base of a large mountain range, is there any noticeable or measurable gravitation effects in the horizontal direction toward the mountain center of mass? | askscience | {
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"This was one of the first (non-trivial) experimental tests of gravity. Too small to notice without tools, but measurable in 1775. [Schiehallion experiment](_URL_0_).",
"Noticeable without instrumentation? No. Measurable with instrumenta... | {
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... | If you are at the base of a large mountain range, is there any noticeable or measurable gravitation effects in the horizontal direction toward the mountain center of mass?
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lhuiy | Our Community is Growing. Help Us Keep it Clean. | **Hi Everyone! And Welcome to New Users!** Ask you have probably heard, r/AskScience recently became one of the default subreddits for new users of Reddit. This is a big step for us as a community! We're proud to have ushered this subreddit to the point where the admins think that all users of Reddit should be exposed ... | askscience | {
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} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/help/faqs/AskScience"
]
} | Our Community is Growing. Help Us Keep it Clean.
**Hi Everyone! And Welcome to New Users!** Ask you have probably heard, r/AskScience recently became one of the default subreddits for new users of Reddit. This is a big step for us as a community! We're proud to have ushered this subreddit to the point where the admins ... | [
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x9m1a | Is there any validity to the saying "I'm not fat, I'm big boned"
| I don't know if I'm the only person who has heard this, but I'm just wondering if it is possible for someone's bone structure to be a lot bigger than another persons. (I don't mean in height but more width/thickness of bones). As a follow up question If someone was a heavy set kid their whole life would their bones gro... | askscience | {
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"Sort of. It's not so much a difference in bones, but there are different body types. That has more to do with muscle and how/where the body retains fat though. Skeletal structure remains similarly sized regardless of weight. There are a few... | {
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} | {
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} | {
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"http://www.ajcn.org/content/80/2/514.short",
"http://www.ajcn.org/content/40/4/808.full.pdf+html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_fat_percentage",
"http://imgur.com/DI4OM"
]
} | Is there any validity to the saying "I'm not fat, I'm big boned"
I don't know if I'm the only person who has heard this, but I'm just wondering if it is possible for someone's bone structure to be a lot bigger than another persons. (I don't mean in height but more width/thickness of bones). As a follow up question If s... | [
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6wl882 | What is the current thinking on the future of uranium supply and breeder reactors? | I've seen various estimates on the future supply of Uranium, that there might be as little as 80-200 years worth left, and that there might be so much that running out won't ever be a concern. What's the current consensus on it?
Breeder reactors sound almost like a miracle technology, with the potential to extract 100... | askscience | {
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"Breeder reactors solve many problems that fission reactors suffer from. As long as you have [fertile](_URL_0_) material, you can produce more fuel than you consume. Breeders can also help reduce high-level radioactive waste. ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertile_material"
]
} | What is the current thinking on the future of uranium supply and breeder reactors?
I've seen various estimates on the future supply of Uranium, that there might be as little as 80-200 years worth left, and that there might be so much that running out won't ever be a concern. What's the current consensus on it? Breeder ... | [
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8ckrgj | A creationist told me that science, under uniformitarianism, basically assumes that things have always occured as they do now. Is this true? If it's true isn't that a problem? | askscience | {
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"https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/induction-problem/",
"https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/scientific-realism/"
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} | A creationist told me that science, under uniformitarianism, basically assumes that things have always occured as they do now. Is this true? If it's true isn't that a problem?
| [
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mgw0g | How are scientists experimenting with neutrinos if they're so weakly interactive? | I was under the assumption that neutrinos were so weakly interactive that they could easily pass through close to a light-year of lead. If this is the case, how are scientists able to conduct experiments with them? | askscience | {
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"Well, they use something like 1.2 million kg of lead for the Gran Sasso detector (Some of which [came from an ancient roman shipwreck](_URL_0_)). But the main thing here is that they're using quite sensitive detectors (scintillators with PM... | {
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homestake_experiment... | How are scientists experimenting with neutrinos if they're so weakly interactive?
I was under the assumption that neutrinos were so weakly interactive that they could easily pass through close to a light-year of lead. If this is the case, how are scientists able to conduct experiments with them? | [
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nzn0l | This might be a silly question but.....have we
*actually* reverse-engineered anything? | I've heard the term before (mostly in sci-fi movies, yes), and just wanted to know if there has been any actual equipment or item that was reverse-engineered.
I mean, unless I'm grossly misinformed, 100% of the tech we have is man-made. We have never encountered alien technology that we could reverse engineer so we co... | askscience | {
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"During the cold war, pretty much all recovered listening devices were disassembled and studied. During the second world war, [Enigma encryption machines](_URL_1_) were studied by the allies to break the encrypt... | {
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} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ipfrontline.com/depts/article.aspx?id=14840&deptid=5",
"http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/77/a3672777.shtml",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder"
]
} | This might be a silly question but.....have we *actually* reverse-engineered anything?
I've heard the term before (mostly in sci-fi movies, yes), and just wanted to know if there has been any actual equipment or item that was reverse-engineered. I mean, unless I'm grossly misinformed, 100% of the tech we have is man-ma... | [
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o378y | How are the ends of a ski lift cable joined to make a complete loop? | Was skiing today, and a friend and I were wondering how they make the steel cable into a complete loop. We didn't notice any particular joint while watching the cable for a while, though we could certainly have missed it. Also relevant, what are these things made of, specifically? | askscience | {
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"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chairlift#Rope",
"http://constructionmanuals.tpub.com/14251/img/14251_130_1.jpg"
]
} | How are the ends of a ski lift cable joined to make a complete loop?
Was skiing today, and a friend and I were wondering how they make the steel cable into a complete loop. We didn't notice any particular joint while watching the cable for a while, though we could certainly have missed it. Also relevant, what are these... | [
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qqefe | Is it possible to compute your latitude and longitude based on your surroundings like the sun, the moon and the stars? | askscience | {
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"url": [
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"http://i.imgur.com/E1Kmy.jpg",
"http://arachnoid.com/sailbook",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_distance_(navigation)",
"http://en.wikipe... | Is it possible to compute your latitude and longitude based on your surroundings like the sun, the moon and the stars?
| [
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1ctgfo | When we say an equation or theory 'breaks down', what exactly does this mean or look like? | Particularly in physics, what is happening that leads us to conclude that the equations stop working? Can you provide an example of an equation that breaks down, to illustrate this point? | askscience | {
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"It generally means that the assumptions behind the model are no longer valid. For example, the Ideal Gas law works pretty well for simple, mono-atomic gases under fairly normal conditions - however, it stops giving correct answers for very ... | {
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH#Calculations_of_pH",
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Stress_Strain_Ductile_Material.png"
]
} | When we say an equation or theory 'breaks down', what exactly does this mean or look like?
Particularly in physics, what is happening that leads us to conclude that the equations stop working? Can you provide an example of an equation that breaks down, to illustrate this point? | [
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36z9lv | Why can people lift so much on a leg press? | I know people that can leg press like 600 lbs but can only squat about a quarter of that.
So I was wondering what the differences were? I was able to determine, using high school physics, that because the weight rests on the sled at about a 45° angle, only about 71% of the weight is effectively being lifted in the dir... | askscience | {
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"A few more things to consider, besides the lower force required to move the mass, would be a shorter range of motion and musculature involved. \n\nMost leg press machines don't allow the range of motion that a barbell squat d... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Why can people lift so much on a leg press?
I know people that can leg press like 600 lbs but can only squat about a quarter of that. So I was wondering what the differences were? I was able to determine, using high school physics, that because the weight rests on the sled at about a 45° angle, only about 71% of the we... | [
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kuqs9 | Sorry if this seems in bad taste, but what is this? | < WARNING [NSFL] > _URL_0_ < WARNING [NSFL] / >
WARNING > Its a photo of a persons mouth. The teeth are somewhat rotted and there appear to be maggots living in the jaw area.
Is there a name for this condition or disease, What happened? | askscience | {
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"###OH GOD AHARHRGHGHGHWARGLEBARGLEAHRRAAARRRRGHHH\n\nUhm. Now that I have that out of the way.. I'd like to remind our readers that this is incredibly NSFL.",
"... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://i.imgur.com/Q5HU0.jpg"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16505789",
"http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000300021"
]
} | Sorry if this seems in bad taste, but what is this?
< WARNING [NSFL] > _URL_0_ < WARNING [NSFL] / > WARNING > Its a photo of a persons mouth. The teeth are somewhat rotted and there appear to be maggots living in the jaw area. Is there a name for this condition or disease, What happened? | [
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29nt9z | Is wifi "stretchy"? | It seems like I can stay connected to wifi far from the source, but when I try to make a new connection from that same spot, it doesn't work. It seems like the connected signal can stretch out further than where a new connection can be made, as if the wifi signal is like a rubber band. Am I just imagining this? | askscience | {
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"> Am I just imagining this?\n\nNo, you're not. When the link is established already, the error correction algorithms will re-send missed packets, and that's why you can walk a bit... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Is wifi "stretchy"?
It seems like I can stay connected to wifi far from the source, but when I try to make a new connection from that same spot, it doesn't work. It seems like the connected signal can stretch out further than where a new connection can be made, as if the wifi signal is like a rubber band. Am I just ima... | [
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1h1s9m | Can you help me identify what microorganism is growing in my cup of wine? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"caq2o89"
],
"text": [
"Judging from the thread-like growth (mycelia), I think it's a fungi. Though not yeast, since yeast grows by \"budding\". I can't help you anymore than that.\n\nI'm studying Environmental Science\nMycelium: _URL_0_\nBudding: _URL_0_",
"T... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycelium"
]
} | Can you help me identify what microorganism is growing in my cup of wine?
| [
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8x2ux6 | Do humans know how reflections work from birth, or do they learn it? | A lot of other animals don't understand reflections. Do humans understand reflections from birth, or do we slowly learn how they work? If someone hadn't seen a reflection their whole life, and saw one when they were 50, would they understand it? | askscience | {
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"Recognizing themselves in a mirror is something that develops at a later age, around the age of 18 to 20 months. Whether this is the same thing as knowing how reflection works or that this means they develop a concept of self... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01650250500147485",
"https://www.thoughtfulparent.com/2009/10/child-psychology-classics-mirror-test.html?m=1"
]
} | Do humans know how reflections work from birth, or do they learn it?
A lot of other animals don't understand reflections. Do humans understand reflections from birth, or do we slowly learn how they work? If someone hadn't seen a reflection their whole life, and saw one when they were 50, would they understand it? | [
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uy07h | When you can't remember something why do you still know enough to recognize people's incorrect suggestions? | For example: if you can't remember an actors name and people suggest a similar name you will know that it's not quite right. If you can't recall what it is to begin with, how does that work? | askscience | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | When you can't remember something why do you still know enough to recognize people's incorrect suggestions?
For example: if you can't remember an actors name and people suggest a similar name you will know that it's not quite right. If you can't recall what it is to begin with, how does that work? | [
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1ukoo5 | How does your body react to the free space created when an organ, such as your kidney, is removed? | When a Kidney is removed how does your body react to the new space, my guess is that it just fills it in with generic flesh? | askscience | {
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"Depends on the flexibility of the cavity we're talking about. In abdomen some fluid builds up, other organs fill most of the space and abdominal wall sinks in a certain amount (usually too small to measure). In... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/y7fym/what_holds_our_organs_in_place/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/osmjj/when_an_organ_say_a_kidney_is_donated_what/",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_prolapse"
]
} | How does your body react to the free space created when an organ, such as your kidney, is removed?
When a Kidney is removed how does your body react to the new space, my guess is that it just fills it in with generic flesh? | [
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160zuf | Theoretically, how far "back in time" could we go and still be able to have a conversation with local inhabitants? | Just how much do we know about these ancient languages and dialects? Would we still be able to understand them today? English and other languages too =D | askscience | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_Greek"
]
} | Theoretically, how far "back in time" could we go and still be able to have a conversation with local inhabitants?
Just how much do we know about these ancient languages and dialects? Would we still be able to understand them today? English and other languages too =D | [
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2m5xrd | How are complex orbital paths (like the one that the Rosetta Lander used) calculated? | What tools does NASA use to calculate slingshoting around several different planets? What are the real margins of errors in their calculation? How much leeway do they have to correct mistakes en route? | askscience | {
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"> What tools does NASA use to calculate slingshoting around several different planets?\n\nTrajectory Browser Goes Public \n_URL_0_\n\n > What are the real margins of errors in their calculat... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/engineering/news/trajectory_feature.html",
"http://sophia.estec.esa.int/gtoc_portal/",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porkchop_plot",
"http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation",
"http://en.wikip... | How are complex orbital paths (like the one that the Rosetta Lander used) calculated?
What tools does NASA use to calculate slingshoting around several different planets? What are the real margins of errors in their calculation? How much leeway do they have to correct mistakes en route? | [
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pu7fm | How exactly does a Heat Pump work? | How can a heat pump utilise less amount of electricity to heat a greater amount of space?
Is it something along the lines of moving the heat of the outside (colder) air to inside?
The heat pump doesn't really do any heating it just moves the heat... right? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Mechanical Engineer here.\n\nThe most basic heat pump has 4 components: a compressor, a condenser, a pressure valve, and an evaporator. Within the system flows a refrigerant. The refrigerant is a chemical that has properties appropriate f... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle#Heat_and_work"
]
} | How exactly does a Heat Pump work?
How can a heat pump utilise less amount of electricity to heat a greater amount of space? Is it something along the lines of moving the heat of the outside (colder) air to inside? The heat pump doesn't really do any heating it just moves the heat... right? | [
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vxink | Why is p=0.05 the magic number for "significance"? | Actually seems pretty high when you think about it - 1 in 20 times that result will be due to chance.
How did p < 0.05 become the magic threshold, and is there anything special about it? | askscience | {
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"WHAT A GREAT QUESTION! It most certainly is not **(totally)** arbitrary - to get an intuitive understanding of this, consider what the limiting p-values would mean. \n\nWhat does a... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.radford.edu/~jaspelme/611/Spring-2007/Cowles-n-Davis_Am-Psyc_orignis-of-05-level.pdf",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vxink/why_is_p005_the_magic_number_for_significance/c58kz1m?context=2",
"http://xkcd.com/882/",
"http://prefrontal.org/files/posters/Bennett-Salmon... | Why is p=0.05 the magic number for "significance"?
Actually seems pretty high when you think about it - 1 in 20 times that result will be due to chance. How did p < 0.05 become the magic threshold, and is there anything special about it? | [
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1kaqgu | That think you can do with a straw and a liquid where you suck some liquid into your straw and keep it there using your tounge to block the upper end of the straw; Will it work on a much larger scale? | Like, if a helicopter carried a giant tube and a sucking device, and sucked up water from the ocean. Could the water be kept in the tube, because of the vacuum? I hope you can understand what I mean here, it's hard to explain. I did this at a burger place and a friend said it wouldn't work on a larger scale.
El edito... | askscience | {
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"Like you said gravity wants to pull the water in the straw down, but the low pressure between you finger and the water and the relatively high atmospheric pressure outside the straw keep the water up.\n\nThe straw is small enough that the s... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Te57fkE6Gc#t=0m17s"
]
} | That think you can do with a straw and a liquid where you suck some liquid into your straw and keep it there using your tounge to block the upper end of the straw; Will it work on a much larger scale?
Like, if a helicopter carried a giant tube and a sucking device, and sucked up water from the ocean. Could the water be... | [
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nbnel | How did/does ice get on the tops of mountains which are above the cloud level? | A creationist friend of mine asked me this question, stating that there is no way for ice to get on top of mountains above the cloud level other than the flood (as depicted in Genesis, which covered the tops of the mountains).
It is a question that I do not know how to answer. Any help, along with evidence, sources, a... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"There's water vapour throughout the atmosphere, and it isn't always visible. The trails behind jet engines, for instance, are caused by the condensation of this vapour. Separately, I'm fairly sure there aren't any mountain-tops permanently ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulonimbus"
]
} | How did/does ice get on the tops of mountains which are above the cloud level?
A creationist friend of mine asked me this question, stating that there is no way for ice to get on top of mountains above the cloud level other than the flood (as depicted in Genesis, which covered the tops of the mountains). It is a questi... | [
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8f2bbo | [Earth Sciences] Why can't they "tap" the gas coming out of the burning "door to hell" pit? | This thing has been burning for a long time:
_URL_0_
Why can't they drill down near it and start capturing all of that gas? Is it not worth it? Is it not possible? If we can put our burning oil wells, why can't we put this out? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I'm the guy from that article that went down inside the \"Doorway To Hell\" (Seriously). When I was there for the expedition, we had two local geologists with us from the oil and gas ministry. They said that there was a plan to drill at an ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2014/07/140716-door-to-hell-darvaza-crater-george-kourounis-expedition/"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | [Earth Sciences] Why can't they "tap" the gas coming out of the burning "door to hell" pit?
This thing has been burning for a long time: _URL_0_ Why can't they drill down near it and start capturing all of that gas? Is it not worth it? Is it not possible? If we can put our burning oil wells, why can't we put this out? | [
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130kfp | Why do dart guns require less precision than a medical syringe? | Whenever I go to the doctor for blood samples or vaccines, they always insert the syringe in an arterie. But I never see hunters aiming for arteries on animals, yet the tranquilizing effect stil happens. The doctor also needs to feel my arm to find the arteries, something I imagine would be impossible for hunters.
I k... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"First off, the doctors are looking for veins not your arteries. \nSecondly, besides movie magic, the anesthetics on the darts take a while to set in as they are typically intramuscular shots.\nThird, when you a... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Why do dart guns require less precision than a medical syringe?
Whenever I go to the doctor for blood samples or vaccines, they always insert the syringe in an arterie. But I never see hunters aiming for arteries on animals, yet the tranquilizing effect stil happens. The doctor also needs to feel my arm to find the art... | [
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28xibn | If I had samples from all four oceans, could I tell which sample was from which ocean? | Let's say I have samples from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, and Indian Oceans that are completely devoid of life (so no looking at the plankton, if that makes a difference). Would I be able to say which sample came from which ocean? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Kind of. The Pacific Ocean is rich in Iron which is thought to be brought by the winds from the Gobi Desert. Iron is a limiting nutrient because it's needed for nitrogen fixation in phytoplankton. The Atlantic ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://data.giss.nasa.gov/o18data/",
"http://data.giss.nasa.gov/o18data/o18wobs.gif",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304420314001029",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otolith_microchemical_analysis"
]
} | If I had samples from all four oceans, could I tell which sample was from which ocean?
Let's say I have samples from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, and Indian Oceans that are completely devoid of life (so no looking at the plankton, if that makes a difference). Would I be able to say which sample came from which ocean? | [
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lvjfn | If we were as tall as a housefly, would we still be able to make the technology we have today? | For example, would we have to make computers that are the same as we have them today or would we have worked out have to make them smaller. | askscience | {
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"I don't even know how a fire would work if you were the size of a fly. It wo... | {
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For example, would we have to make computers that are the same as we have them today or would we have worked out have to make them smaller. | [
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jweyi | Atypical askscience question: how do you organize your scientific articles/journals? | I am currently in undergrad, and am trying to get into the habit of keeping up with the current science. Right now I just have a text file with a compilation of links to papers/journal articles/studies but I would like a more efficient way to search and cite the small but growing pile of articles I have. Thanks | askscience | {
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} | Atypical askscience question: how do you organize your scientific articles/journals?
I am currently in undergrad, and am trying to get into the habit of keeping up with the current science. Right now I just have a text file with a compilation of links to papers/journal articles/studies but I would like a more efficient... | [
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14wfqj | At noon on Dec. 21 a beam of sun shines through a window. It lights up spot X on the center of an adjacent wall. We know the Lat-Lon and elevation of the window and wall. Can we predict where on the wall the sunlight would strike for any given time and day of the year? With what degree of precision? | Let's assume that:
1. The window frame and walls are insignificantly thick. In other words, the window frame, sill and thickness of that wall will not interfere.
2. The beam on the wall will take the shape of the window, albeit distorted. Consider one corner of that shape to be the spot X which we're tracking. (This ... | askscience | {
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"In fact you can. When you were done, you'd have constructed an Analemmatic sundial. _URL_0_",
"[Here](_URL_1_) a handy demonstration of the motion of the sun throughout the year. Put your latitude to what... | {
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"url": [
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"http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/306/cache/year-in-picture-analemma-sun-path-eclipse_30692_600x450.jpg",
"https://www.youtube.com/wa... | At noon on Dec. 21 a beam of sun shines through a window. It lights up spot X on the center of an adjacent wall. We know the Lat-Lon and elevation of the window and wall. Can we predict where on the wall the sunlight would strike for any given time and day of the year? With what degree of precision?
Let's assume that: ... | [
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212lmo | How will the Mars One astronauts look after themselves? | askscience | {
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} | How will the Mars One astronauts look after themselves?
| [
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49pl7p | Is everyone's blood brain barrier equally permeable? | askscience | {
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"url": [
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} | Is everyone's blood brain barrier equally permeable?
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1aem2i | If all clocks and watches disappeared one day, how would we accurately measure the time again? | From my understanding, all the atomic clocks around the world are just very very good at measuring time differences, but they don't inherently are able to measure the absolute time of course.
So what would happen if by accident all absolute time references vanished one day leaving us without a single clock telling the... | askscience | {
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"A global catastrophe that eliminated every timekeeping device would have to take out the radiation-hardened clocks in all the secure Cold-War-era facilities around the world. In that event, timekeeping would probably need to be reinvented b... | {
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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_sky_model",
"https://en.wikipedi... | If all clocks and watches disappeared one day, how would we accurately measure the time again?
From my understanding, all the atomic clocks around the world are just very very good at measuring time differences, but they don't inherently are able to measure the absolute time of course. So what would happen if by accide... | [
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1ns3k2 | Are aerodynamics completely unimportant for non-superfast trains? | All the superfast trains I know of have streamlined shapes, which makes sense. However, almost all non-superfast trains I've seen don't seem to follow the same design rules.
This post was inspired by the [new design of the London subway trains](_URL_1_), which seem to present themselves to the air in the tunnels with ... | askscience | {
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"Now really _completely_ unimportant, but close to.\n\nThe longer you make a train, the less important the form drag (which you can infl... | {
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"http://www.ffs.ch/content/sbb/it/desktop/sbb-konzern/sbb-als-geschaeftspartner/bund-kantone/kantone/westschweiz/region-jura-berno... | {
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"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Sbb_rabde500.jpg",
"http://farm4.staticflickr... | Are aerodynamics completely unimportant for non-superfast trains?
All the superfast trains I know of have streamlined shapes, which makes sense. However, almost all non-superfast trains I've seen don't seem to follow the same design rules. This post was inspired by the [new design of the London subway trains](_URL_1_),... | [
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8a5b83 | How effective are amber alerts and other such mass notifications? | askscience | {
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"So according to the wiki page, the national center for missing and exploited children estimates that 657 children have been saved due to the Amber alert system from 1996 to August 2013. \n\nAn Amber alert report from 2013 shows that of 196 ... | {
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} | How effective are amber alerts and other such mass notifications?
| [
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2zz1kk | Reddit, why are there two different names for the same thing, Voltage and electric potential? | I'm curious if there is some historical context where one was preferred in certain fields, and why. Obviously in electronics you will here voltage. But, I think in physics you are far more likely to hear the term electric potential. Any help is greatly appreciated. I'm super curious about this.
edit: Thank you for all... | askscience | {
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"https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=electromotive+force%2Cdifference+of+potential%2Cvoltage%2Cpotential+difference%2Celectric+tension%2Celectrical+tension&year_start=1855&year_end=1904&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Celectromotive%20force%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1... | Reddit, why are there two different names for the same thing, Voltage and electric potential?
I'm curious if there is some historical context where one was preferred in certain fields, and why. Obviously in electronics you will here voltage. But, I think in physics you are far more likely to hear the term electric pote... | [
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8a6afl | Why does a geiger counter use that odd static noise instead of something else? | askscience | {
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"Because a geiger counter originally is a pure analog device that pretty much hooks up the tube's output to a speaker. The tube just outputs short electrical pulses that indicate an event was detected. If you connect that to a speaker it jus... | {
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yvj16 | Trying to settle a long standing debate in my house. My husband thinks I'm an idiot because I fill our ice trays with warm water so they will freeze faster. | I never really gave it any thought until he pointed out the irrationality of it, yet it's always the way it has been done at my house. | askscience | {
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"Do an experiment. Put in one with cold and one with warm. Check them every 20 minutes. Report back with the results.\n\nSpoiler alert: cold water will freeze faster except for under very unusual ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpemba_effect"
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} | Trying to settle a long standing debate in my house. My husband thinks I'm an idiot because I fill our ice trays with warm water so they will freeze faster.
I never really gave it any thought until he pointed out the irrationality of it, yet it's always the way it has been done at my house. | [
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2z8r01 | How fast does electricity move in a wire? | I know that in theoretical DC circuits, when I connect the battery, all the electrons begin motion at the same time and a current is created. But this can't be the whole picture or I could transmit information faster than the speed of light. | askscience | {
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"> all the electrons begin motion at the same time and a current is created\n\nThis is wrong. Direct Current (DC) is a useful approximation, not a physical reality. No circuit is ever exactly DC all the time. When you connec... | {
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} | {
"url": [
"http://www.technick.net/public/code/cp_dpage.php?aiocp_dp=guide_awg_to_metric"
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} | How fast does electricity move in a wire?
I know that in theoretical DC circuits, when I connect the battery, all the electrons begin motion at the same time and a current is created. But this can't be the whole picture or I could transmit information faster than the speed of light. | [
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kwhv6 | Hypothetically, could anaphylactic shock be treated by sending the victim bungee-jumping or other adrenaline-inducing experience? | Here's what I'm thinking:
* EpiPen's active ingredient is adrenaline
* the body produces adrenaline naturally during exciting experiences
* so when lacking medical adrenaline, could inducing the body to produce it be better than doing nothing?
However:
* nearly dying would surely induce adrenaline anyway? | askscience | {
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"Another question: Wouldn't the fact that you probably think your dying during anaphylactic shock cause you to pump out adrenaline anyway? Why doesn't this solve its own problem?",
"One totally uninformed thought might be that your body ... | {
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} | {
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} | Hypothetically, could anaphylactic shock be treated by sending the victim bungee-jumping or other adrenaline-inducing experience?
Here's what I'm thinking: * EpiPen's active ingredient is adrenaline * the body produces adrenaline naturally during exciting experiences * so when lacking medical adrenaline, could inducing... | [
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1sddpq | Is there three copies of anything in our body? | This question comes from my five year old. I couldn't think of anything.
Three bones in the ear doesn't count because each bone is different. Eyes would count if we had three of them.
Edit: my child inspired the question but I'm asking reedit for my own curiosity. Thanks for all the answers! | askscience | {
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"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12194504",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_folds"
]
} | Is there three copies of anything in our body?
This question comes from my five year old. I couldn't think of anything. Three bones in the ear doesn't count because each bone is different. Eyes would count if we had three of them. Edit: my child inspired the question but I'm asking reedit for my own curiosity. Thanks f... | [
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iz8o2 | What exactly is occuring biologically when you get that sinking feeling in your stomach after something terrible just happened? | askscience | {
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"url": [
"http://www.gesa.org.au/digestive_system.cfm",
"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=gut-second-brain",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/h4wcx/whats_that_feeling_in_my_stomach_when_my_feelings/"
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} | What exactly is occuring biologically when you get that sinking feeling in your stomach after something terrible just happened?
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5vhrb5 | Are human the only animals that can use ketone bodies to fuel the brain? | I recently heard that humans are the only animals that can use ketone bodies (B-hydroxybutyrate) to fuel their brains and I was wondering if this was true. Are other primates capable of doing this? If yes, which ones? In either case, is there any understanding of when this mutation appeared in humans/primates?
It seems... | askscience | {
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"No, humans are not the only the only animals that use ketone bodies.\n\nKetone bodies are a normal metabolite within lipolysis, ketogenesis and ketosis (burning fats from your fat tissue) and a g... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
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"url": [
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"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep07805",
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1161766/",
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1309065/"
]
} | Are human the only animals that can use ketone bodies to fuel the brain?
I recently heard that humans are the only animals that can use ketone bodies (B-hydroxybutyrate) to fuel their brains and I was wondering if this was true. Are other primates capable of doing this? If yes, which ones? In either case, is there any ... | [
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1vfktk | How did we come up with the daily recommended number of calories, carbs, fats, sugars & proteins In humans? | askscience | {
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"text": [
"The current protein recommendations were determined based on [a review of studies](_URL_2_) by the Institute of Medicine in 1989 using [nitrogen balance](_URL_1_) studies, where they measured the amount of nitrogen entering a... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23867520",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_balance",
"http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=0309046335",
"http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717046_7",
"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/",
"Nutritionsource.org"
]
} | How did we come up with the daily recommended number of calories, carbs, fats, sugars & proteins In humans?
| [
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p2jqt | If you could empty a state of its people (ex. Wyoming) and fill it with wind turbines, how much electricity would they generate? | The question is self explanatory. However, can you put it more in terms of what it could power, ex. half of Chicago, all of Chicago, etc. | askscience | {
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"url": []
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"url": [
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"http://transmission.bpa.gov/business/operations/wind/baltwg.aspx"
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} | If you could empty a state of its people (ex. Wyoming) and fill it with wind turbines, how much electricity would they generate?
The question is self explanatory. However, can you put it more in terms of what it could power, ex. half of Chicago, all of Chicago, etc. | [
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4v6rhu | What's going on in my head when I'm thinking of an image? | askscience | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recall_(memory)",
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"http://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/Abstract/1990/09000/Functional_anatomy_of_storage,_recall,_and.15.aspx",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_memory",
"https://www.re... | What's going on in my head when I'm thinking of an image?
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6ay4wa | Does a steady or a blinking digital clock use more energy? | askscience | {
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"http://www.ti.com/lit/an/scaa035b/scaa035b.pdf",
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} | Does a steady or a blinking digital clock use more energy?
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pqo8m | Why were so many people in the 19th century inventing things at the same time? | The first electromagnet (william sturgeon/Joseph Henry), the telephone (Elisha Gray/Alexander Bell), The lightbulb (edison/swan), etc. You don't ever seem to hear about people inventing things simultaneously nowadays but when I read history it seems like it was the norm in the 1800's. | askscience | {
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"One of the reasons you don't hear about 'person X discoverd phenomenon Y yesterday' is because the nature of discovery is changing. Al lot of the easily picked fruit has been picked in the 19th century. Discoveries are now made in teams of ... | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/us_stat.htm",
"http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1919956,00.html"
]
} | Why were so many people in the 19th century inventing things at the same time?
The first electromagnet (william sturgeon/Joseph Henry), the telephone (Elisha Gray/Alexander Bell), The lightbulb (edison/swan), etc. You don't ever seem to hear about people inventing things simultaneously nowadays but when I read history ... | [
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utthp | How does cutting work? | **NOTE:** This is **NOT** a thread about the self-harm phenomenon known as "cutting."
How does cutting work? Example: cutting a piece of paper in two.
* Is it a mechanized form of tearing?
* What forces are involved?
* At what level (naked eye, microscopic, molecular, etc.) does the plane of the cut happen?
This qu... | askscience | {
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"Cutting a piece of paper in two is a result of shearing: an upward force extremely close to a downward fo... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.amazon.com/Materials-Science-Engineering-An-Introduction/dp/0471736961",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_mechanics",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mRuSYQ5Npek&hd=1",
"http://youtu.be/mRuSYQ5Npek",
"http://www.wimp.com... | How does cutting work?
**NOTE:** This is **NOT** a thread about the self-harm phenomenon known as "cutting." How does cutting work? Example: cutting a piece of paper in two. * Is it a mechanized form of tearing? * What forces are involved? * At what level (naked eye, microscopic, molecular, etc.) does the plane of the ... | [
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1159hr | It seems people often get sick when they travel. Is this because of stress and environmental factors or because one is exposed to "bugs" different from the ones at home? | For example, if I move from one part of the country to another am I more likely to get a common cold or flu because I haven't built up resistance to the local strains, or are they same throughout the country and I'm just getting sick because I'm run down. | askscience | {
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"As far as I know, there's no compelling evidence that people get sick more when they travel (if anyone is aware of evidence, please point me to it). It's more likely a result of confirmation bias. If you get sick while you're on a vacation,... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | It seems people often get sick when they travel. Is this because of stress and environmental factors or because one is exposed to "bugs" different from the ones at home?
For example, if I move from one part of the country to another am I more likely to get a common cold or flu because I haven't built up resistance to t... | [
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6qa87d | I saw a picture claiming that manhole covers are round because a circle is the only shape that can't be made pass through itself. Is it true? | I saw [a picture on _URL_1_](_URL_0_) claiming what I described in the title.
I wonder, is it really true? | askscience | {
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"text": [
"A circle can pass through itself. If the diameter is the same in the hold and cover, it will fall through both flat and tilted. To solve this, all manholes have a lip on the part in the street that makes the hole smaller so t... | {
"url": []
} | {
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"http://s3.crackedcdn.com/phpimages/pictofact/5/0/2/381502_v1.jpg",
"cracked.com"
]
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_of_constant_width"
]
} | I saw a picture claiming that manhole covers are round because a circle is the only shape that can't be made pass through itself. Is it true?
I saw [a picture on _URL_1_](_URL_0_) claiming what I described in the title. I wonder, is it really true? | [
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15koxq | Are we meant to sleep in 8 hour increments? | I was talking with my girlfriend yesterday about whether human beings are meant to sleep in 8 hour increments or is this a product of our society / technology (working hours / availability of lighting). Did ancient humans sleep differently?
Extra points for links to studies. | askscience | {
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"The answer is: We're not entirely sure!\n\nTo start with, almost all mammals sleep *polyphasically* (i.e., multiple blocks of sleep per day). *Monophasic* sleep (i.e., one block of sleep per day)... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
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"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1076/brhm.29.1.49.3045",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8238456",
"http://science.slashdot.org/story/12/02/23/161225/interrupted-sleep-might-be-the-best-kind",
"http://www.sc... | Are we meant to sleep in 8 hour increments?
I was talking with my girlfriend yesterday about whether human beings are meant to sleep in 8 hour increments or is this a product of our society / technology (working hours / availability of lighting). Did ancient humans sleep differently? Extra points for links to studies. | [
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30xx9h | I just noticed that the Pioneer plaques were attached to the probe with plastic clamps. Is it possible these could decay in time and separate the plaque from the craft? | I've always assumed the plaques were welded on or bolted on, but I just noticed the translucent clamps in [this](_URL_2_) and [this](_URL_1_) images.
What happens to most plastic in space? Is it possible it could decay, lose cohesion and, after a while, fling the plaque away from the craft, if there is any rotation? H... | askscience | {
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} | {
"url": [
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"https://i.imgur.com/qvcjKct.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/GPN-2000-001621-x.jpg"
]
} | {
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"http://www.space.com/21561-space-exploration-radiation-protection-plastic.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high_vacuum#Material_limitations",
"ht... | I just noticed that the Pioneer plaques were attached to the probe with plastic clamps. Is it possible these could decay in time and separate the plaque from the craft?
I've always assumed the plaques were welded on or bolted on, but I just noticed the translucent clamps in [this](_URL_2_) and [this](_URL_1_) images. W... | [
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14ohxx | What is the difference between warmth and temperature? | A chapter in my physics book is about ~~warmth~~ heat and temperature but I don't understand the difference very well.
edit: I meant heat, not warmth. | askscience | {
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"Warmth doesn't really have a scientific definition, but most likely the difference the author has in mind comes from the [thermal conduction](_URL_0_) of materials. For instance, if you are in 60 degree water v... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caloric_theory",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/auwpu/i_have_a_science_question_is_there_an_antithesis/c0jitcb",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/Physics/comments/eanst/can_somebody_easily_explain_to_me_what... | What is the difference between warmth and temperature?
A chapter in my physics book is about ~~warmth~~ heat and temperature but I don't understand the difference very well. edit: I meant heat, not warmth. | [
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vx0qn | Yesterday when I reached my destination with my car I noticed I was carrying a bee in it the whole time(I had the windows closed).Could this bee survive hundreds of miles away from its nest or is it doomed to die?Any chances it could be "adopted" by another nest? | askscience | {
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"url": []
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"url": [
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"http://www.virginiaoutdoors.com/content/firewood",
"http://www.naturalnews.com/028147_nanoparticles_insects.html",
"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0019669"
]
} | Yesterday when I reached my destination with my car I noticed I was carrying a bee in it the whole time(I had the windows closed).Could this bee survive hundreds of miles away from its nest or is it doomed to die?Any chances it could be "adopted" by another nest?
| [
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n9qxu | How much g-force can the human body withstand? Once beyond that point, what are the effects on the human body? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Here is John Stapp decelerating at -46G, going from 614-0 mph in less than 1 second: _URL_0_",
"[This might be worth reading](_URL_1_) (PDF)\n\nFAA\nAcceleration in Aviation:\nG-Force",
"I don't know any specific numb... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3UEYxf4fl_A",
"http://www.faa.gov/pilots/safety/pilotsafetybrochures/media/Acceleration.pdf"
]
} | How much g-force can the human body withstand? Once beyond that point, what are the effects on the human body?
| [
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1erl30 | Does anything run directly on AC electricity without getting converted to DC first? | machine, equipment, appliance, ect? | askscience | {
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"text": [
"Most electric heaters do, including baseboard heaters, ovens, toasters, stuff like that. Incandescent, fluorescent, and some LED lights do too. Many other things use AC directly as well.\n\nMany devices, particularly large appliances, run on a combination... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Does anything run directly on AC electricity without getting converted to DC first?
machine, equipment, appliance, ect? | [
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8uvk1z | Angler fish lure their prey using light emitting bacteria, but why would the prey which spends its entire life in total darkness of the ocean depths be even lured to such an obvious trap? Do only "lost" living organisms from the upper layers get tricked like that? | askscience | {
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"Bioluminesence is the most common form of communication in deep-sea animals. It's also often used as a defensive manouver - to distract, deter, and even mark others. A glow might signal prey trying to communicate, but also a commotion where... | {
"url": []
} | {
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} | Angler fish lure their prey using light emitting bacteria, but why would the prey which spends its entire life in total darkness of the ocean depths be even lured to such an obvious trap? Do only "lost" living organisms from the upper layers get tricked like that?
| [
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1ogm3w | How specific are "ballistic reports"? Could every gun that's manufactured be fired once so its ballistic report could be documented and saved to match against future crimes? | askscience | {
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"Maryland did this - required all firearms sold in the state to have a round fired and entered into the state database. After several years and $2.6 m... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1wV3lmbSv4"
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} | How specific are "ballistic reports"? Could every gun that's manufactured be fired once so its ballistic report could be documented and saved to match against future crimes?
| [
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1rtkaf | Are tractor beams scientifically possible? | Watching Star Wars right now and I was curious if tractor beams could actually work/exist. | askscience | {
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"text": [
"Very small things can be manipulated using a focused laser. It's called optical trapping or optical tweezers. There is a similar effect that can be done with sound waves called acoustic levitation.\n\n[Optical tweezers](_URL_... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=669AcEBpdsY",
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"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSmuqLtmuwg",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hdKXMRKSY8"
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} | Are tractor beams scientifically possible?
Watching Star Wars right now and I was curious if tractor beams could actually work/exist. | [
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17ms00 | If I start walking toward the sun as soon as it rose in the morning, and walked toward it through out the the day at the same constant speed, only pausing for a brief time when it was directly overhead, and then continued on till it set; would I eventually end up back in the same place as I started? | askscience | {
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"Most of the time no. Let's just look at how much you walk in the north-south direction and ignore the east-west direction for now. Let's say you're in the northern hemisphere. Then on most days, while the Sun is above horizon... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://astro.unl.edu/classaction/animations/coordsmotion/sunmotions.html",
"http://what-if.xkcd.com/25/"
]
} | If I start walking toward the sun as soon as it rose in the morning, and walked toward it through out the the day at the same constant speed, only pausing for a brief time when it was directly overhead, and then continued on till it set; would I eventually end up back in the same place as I started?
| [
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uoriq | Did we learn anything new from this recent Venus Transit? | or did we simply observe it in ways we havent before due to scientific and technological advancements?
| askscience | {
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"The hubble space telescope has been used to observe the transit (by observing it's reflection off the moon). This is being used to confirm that our models of how extrasolar planets dim the light from their sun are correct.\n... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://imgur.com/a/TGqlG#0",
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"http://news.discovery.com/space/probing-venus-atmosphere-during-the-transit-120604.html"
]
} | Did we learn anything new from this recent Venus Transit?
or did we simply observe it in ways we havent before due to scientific and technological advancements? | [
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143vsk | What is the slipperiest substance on Earth? | askscience | {
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"[BAM](_URL_1_) overtook Teflon for being the slipperiest substance a few years back. I believe right now the issue is getting it to bond to anything before it can be widely used as a permanent lubricant. It also happens to be an [incredibly hard material]... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_magnesium_boride#Hardness",
"http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16102-material-slicker-than-teflon-discovered-by-accident.html",
"http://www.cartilagehealth.com/images/artcartbiomech.pdf"
]
} | What is the slipperiest substance on Earth?
| [
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tu2yd | Reddit, is it possible to gather color information from a black and white photograph? | I got to thinking this morning and wondered if there is a way to analyze the tones in a black and white photograph in order to reproduce what the actual colors would have been when the picture was taken. I know that there would be a distinct margin for error given that some colors have the same grey tonal value (for in... | askscience | {
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"No. A RGB color scale has 3 dimensions, while a black/white only has 1. For every tone except for pure black and pure white, there is an infinite number of possible combinations of RGB that could add together... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.oddee.com/item_66082.aspx",
"www.ece.nus.edu.sg/stfpage/eletp/Papers/sigasia11.pdf",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfYQM9ePOSM",
"http://opencv.willowgarage.com/documentation/cpp/miscellaneous_image_transformations.html#cvtColor"
]
} | Reddit, is it possible to gather color information from a black and white photograph?
I got to thinking this morning and wondered if there is a way to analyze the tones in a black and white photograph in order to reproduce what the actual colors would have been when the picture was taken. I know that there would be a d... | [
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a1spo3 | Why does a phase to phase electrictrical contact result in an explosion? | I'm looking for the actual physics of why this occurs.
In regards to a three phase system, when you connect A and B phase, or B and C or A and C this results in an explosion in the transformer.
Why is that? | askscience | {
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"It is because the difference in voltage developed due to difference in phase. The phases have a difference of 120 degrees between them. Instantaneously, this causes that difference between the voltages differen... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/images/power_files/3phase.gif",
"http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/images/power\\_files/3phase.gif"
]
} | Why does a phase to phase electrictrical contact result in an explosion?
I'm looking for the actual physics of why this occurs. In regards to a three phase system, when you connect A and B phase, or B and C or A and C this results in an explosion in the transformer. Why is that? | [
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8qqp7v | If there was a bag of 10 balls, 9 white and 1 red and 10 people including you has to pick one randomly and who gets the red ball wins, does it matter what order you all pick, or is it better to go first or last with probability? | askscience | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://imgur.com/gallery/kIb0Sfl",
"https://codepad.remoteinterview.io/CFNIVBCPSG",
"http://rcorell.blogspot.com/2010/12/reverse-monty-hall-problem.html",
"http://rcorell.blogspot.com/2010/12/reverse\\-monty\\-hall\\-problem.html"
]
} | If there was a bag of 10 balls, 9 white and 1 red and 10 people including you has to pick one randomly and who gets the red ball wins, does it matter what order you all pick, or is it better to go first or last with probability?
| [
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jpcc8 | The Death Of Oddjob. apparently electricity didn't work he way I thought | Reading about electrical engineering and pulled a quote from a site:
"You may have seen movies where the hero rips a high voltage wire off the wall, frying the evil villain with a shower of sparks from the end of the wire. Sorry, but this can't happen. A water pump can pump water out of a hose into the air, but if an ... | askscience | {
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"Air is a particularly good insulator—it prevents electron flow until you get to higher voltages, like lightning. If you pulled a high power cable from a wall in almost any circumstance that might occur in an action film it's ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Qq7U7tFsvQ&feature=related"
]
} | The Death Of Oddjob. apparently electricity didn't work he way I thought
Reading about electrical engineering and pulled a quote from a site: "You may have seen movies where the hero rips a high voltage wire off the wall, frying the evil villain with a shower of sparks from the end of the wire. Sorry, but this can't ha... | [
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245dpp | Is there something inedible that is high in nutritional value, other than the fact that it's toxic? | askscience | {
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"The first thing that comes to mind is pure [Ricin](_URL_0_). Being a protein, you could very easily digest it into its component amino acids.\n\nIf it weren't for the fact that it shuts off your ribosomes and kills every cell... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricin",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanogenic_glycoside#Cyanogenic_glycosides",
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]
} | Is there something inedible that is high in nutritional value, other than the fact that it's toxic?
| [
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lvq3b | If I run electricity through a steak, will it move? | Assuming DC and other best possible settings; also what would those be? How old could it be? As in, would it happen if I bought a fairly fresh stake from the store?
This question has absolutely nothing to do with scaring the everlasting shit out of kids coming to my door. | askscience | {
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"Most likely not. The cycle that causes the muscle to contract requires ATP in order work. The electrical impulse just allows the muscle to contract. At this point in the steak's life, it most likely has no ATP ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=2YZJt_Bw3eo#"
]
} | If I run electricity through a steak, will it move?
Assuming DC and other best possible settings; also what would those be? How old could it be? As in, would it happen if I bought a fairly fresh stake from the store? This question has absolutely nothing to do with scaring the everlasting shit out of kids coming to my d... | [
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agwhwu | Is it possible that some of the puzzle slides are unsolveable? | Example for 3x3 number puzzle:
(From top left)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 7, (blank) | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Yes. It's not only possible, it's demonstrable and follows a very regular pattern. In fact, exactly half of the possible starting states are solvable, and exactly half are not.\n\nFor a quick and comprehensible proof of concept, consider ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/\\~mdr/teaching/modules04/java2/TilesSolvability.html",
"https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~mdr/teaching/modules04/java2/TilesSolvability.html",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_puzzle"
]
} | Is it possible that some of the puzzle slides are unsolveable?
Example for 3x3 number puzzle: (From top left) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 7, (blank) | [
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6w463u | What kind of statistics are needed to determine whether a point is moving randomly? | Bear with me, there's some explaining to do here:
I was watching water striders skim across the surface of a lake, and was wondering what kind of statistical techniques or math are needed to determine whether the movement is random, or following some sort of pattern.
So a more precise formulation of the question: sup... | askscience | {
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],
"text": [
"You can't be sure if it is random or a pattern, but you can estimate whether it matches some model that you have in mind.\n\nAs a simple example, let's say the bug only moves in one direction (forward), but does so in discret... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neyman%E2%80%93Pearson_lemma",
"http://web.mit.edu/gallager/www/papers/chap3.pdf"
]
} | What kind of statistics are needed to determine whether a point is moving randomly?
Bear with me, there's some explaining to do here: I was watching water striders skim across the surface of a lake, and was wondering what kind of statistical techniques or math are needed to determine whether the movement is random, or ... | [
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r6pma | Evolution Debate | askscience | {
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... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://people.delphiforums.com/lordorman/light.htm",
"http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2409365?uid=3739680&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=55928612223",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon-eating_bacteria",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objections_to_evolution",
"http:... | Evolution Debate
| [
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2qxe1u | Why can we ignore the imaginary part of the simple harmonic motion displacement equation? | If you derive the displacement of a mass on a spring from the first principles F = mx''(t) = -kx(t) then you get the equation x(t) = Acos(wt) + iBsin(wt) where A and B are real constants and w is the angular frequency (sqrt(k/m)).
Why can we eliminate the second half of the equation? Is it ever used?
My working for t... | askscience | {
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],
"text": [
"Once you get to the general solution you have to get the particular solution by applying the initial conditions. Say you know the position and velocity at t=0. This first means that A has to be equal to the ini... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | Why can we ignore the imaginary part of the simple harmonic motion displacement equation?
If you derive the displacement of a mass on a spring from the first principles F = mx''(t) = -kx(t) then you get the equation x(t) = Acos(wt) + iBsin(wt) where A and B are real constants and w is the angular frequency (sqrt(k/m)).... | [
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3tjazw | When I feel like there's someone behind me but no one is there, what am I feeling exactly? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cx6yfmm",
"cx73r0n",
"cx7cw1p",
"cx7kvyj"
],
"text": [
"This sounds like the [psychic staring effect](_URL_0_). Many people experience this, but there is no evidence that they actually sense anyone. \n\nI am unaware of any research which attempts to address *why* we have such feel... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychic_staring_effect",
"http://202.114.89.42/resource/pdf/4021.pdf",
"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-sensed-presence-effect/",
"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2124581/The-worlds-quietest-place-chamber-Orfield-Laboratories.htm... | When I feel like there's someone behind me but no one is there, what am I feeling exactly?
| [
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phu2l | Can someone explain to me the accuracy of these contraceptive pill claims? | My girlfriend linked me to [this article](_URL_0_) and is a little concerned. I do not have the science background to accurately address her concerns. Any help? I'm not too concerned with the opinion based points, just the science based points. | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c3phjag",
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"c3phfp2",
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],
"text": [
"Medical student here. First of all, I am only going to discuss point 1 in any detail as the others are entirely opinion-based and reek of hysteria (Pill was created \"specifically for the purpose of eugenics\" ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.patheos.com/blogs/badcatholic/2011/10/10-reasons-the-pill-sucks.html"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/oral-contraceptives",
"http://www.bci.org.au/about-breast-cancer/facts-about-breast-cancer/risk-factors-for-breast-cancer.html",
"http://www.amazon.com/Physics-Future-Presidents-Science-Headlines/dp/0393066274"
]
} | Can someone explain to me the accuracy of these contraceptive pill claims?
My girlfriend linked me to [this article](_URL_0_) and is a little concerned. I do not have the science background to accurately address her concerns. Any help? I'm not too concerned with the opinion based points, just the science based points. | [
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6x61lq | A question about centrifugal force in a weightless environment? | After reading 'Rendezvous with Rama' by Arthur C Clarke, I have been stumped by a thought about centrifugal force in a weightless environment. In the book a character attempts to fly in a winged craft along the central axis of a massive closed spinning cylinder with a gaseous environment. As they go along (If I am reme... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"If you are not in contact with the wall of the cylinder at all and it starts to spin, you won't suddenly feel a centrifugal force pushing you outwards in your frame of reference.\n\nHowever if you hold onto the side of the cylinder while it... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/d6/55/df/d655df7ad1d456f3b856686c6adec27d.gif"
]
} | A question about centrifugal force in a weightless environment?
After reading 'Rendezvous with Rama' by Arthur C Clarke, I have been stumped by a thought about centrifugal force in a weightless environment. In the book a character attempts to fly in a winged craft along the central axis of a massive closed spinning cyl... | [
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q6qee | Could I put an "Algae Farm" at my cubicle to make the air better? | I guess this is a 2 part question.
A: Would having photosynthesizing organisms at my cubicle even do anything for the air I am breathing? (all I can find is pop-science articles online.)
B: I have heard many times (and didn't bother to source) that algae actually creates 70% of the oxygen in the atmosphere. Is algae... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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"c3v8dop",
"c3v70by",
"c3veev3",
"c... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ted.com/talks/kamal_meattle_on_how_to_grow_your_own_fresh_air.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_air-filtering_plants",
"http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930073077_1993073077.pdf",
"http://settlement.arc.nasa.gov/Contest/Results/96/winner/seis.htm... | Could I put an "Algae Farm" at my cubicle to make the air better?
I guess this is a 2 part question. A: Would having photosynthesizing organisms at my cubicle even do anything for the air I am breathing? (all I can find is pop-science articles online.) B: I have heard many times (and didn't bother to source) that algae... | [
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8t6ubw | From a physics standpoint what is information? | If it is constantly being created it can't have mass right? So is information just instructions that are "coded" onto everything? | askscience | {
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],
"text": [
"I am of course biased and some computer science is likely going to creep into this answer. But humor me anyway. :) \n\nAt least in a quantum mechanical universe, information cannot be created or ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landauer%27s_principle"
]
} | From a physics standpoint what is information?
If it is constantly being created it can't have mass right? So is information just instructions that are "coded" onto everything? | [
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1brklz | How do RNA, enzymes, etc. know where to go and what is their method of movement. | Throughout my study of high school and college biology, it seemed that proteins, nucleic acids, RNA, etc. had an intrinsic guidance system that told them where to go. How exactly do molecules inside a cell know where to go and how do free floating molecules move?
Do they just float aimlessly until they perhaps reach t... | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"c99edbh",
"c99oilo",
"c99hv8z"
],
"text": [
"They do not \"know\" where to go.\n\nThey move around randomly by diffusion (a look at \"SnapShot: Key Numbers in Biology\" [(ref)](_URL_0_) says an average protein takes ≈10ms to traverse an E. coli cell and ≈10s to traverse a HeLa cell, a... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22922002"
]
} | How do RNA, enzymes, etc. know where to go and what is their method of movement.
Throughout my study of high school and college biology, it seemed that proteins, nucleic acids, RNA, etc. had an intrinsic guidance system that told them where to go. How exactly do molecules inside a cell know where to go and how do free ... | [
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1m5ij1 | What happens to bodily waste in people who have very infrequent bowel movements? | I was under the assumption that most of the food we ingest is not digestible and exits the body as feces. Where does it all go? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
"cc62j55",
"cc615x0",
"cc6jcs1"
],
"text": [
"My experience here comes from human gross anatomy, so stuff at small scales may be best explained by someone else.\n\nThere's a pretty wide range in defecation frequency in humans. [Here is one study](_URL_3_) looking at a limited demograph... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www2.ca.uky.edu/enri/pubs/enri129.pdf",
"http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/basics/transit.html",
"http://dwb.unl.edu/teacher/nsf/c10/c10links/www.fsis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/watrmeat.htm",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1379343/"
]
} | What happens to bodily waste in people who have very infrequent bowel movements?
I was under the assumption that most of the food we ingest is not digestible and exits the body as feces. Where does it all go? | [
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19ql3r | Which uses less energy. Accelerating down a hill and using momentum to reach the top. Or, accelerating up the hill after you free roll down? | If you are driving a car and encounter a row of hills all exactly the same height and perfectly symmetrical, what is the most fuel effecient way to drive over them? | askscience | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"On a coarse level, ignoring environmental friction, if you never touch the brakes, you would use the same amount of energy no matter how you drove them. Fuel efficiency is lost when you convert kinetic energy i... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://books.google.com/books?id=edqTZb9PbLQC&pg=PA219&lpg=PA219&dq=power+to+overcome+rolling+resistance&source=bl&ots=ywbXBGrvXT&sig=a1g7HsvOeXAm57M_2Wn-GYpi-80&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wos2UfO4OoiO2wXbnoCwDg&ved=0CFIQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=power%20to%20overcome%20rolling... | Which uses less energy. Accelerating down a hill and using momentum to reach the top. Or, accelerating up the hill after you free roll down?
If you are driving a car and encounter a row of hills all exactly the same height and perfectly symmetrical, what is the most fuel effecient way to drive over them? | [
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